2Theoretical Foundations of Organizational ChangeIntroductionThe constant evolving nature of society causes for the demand and need to develop current societal and organizational elements and services. Due to this demand of development many organizations are forced to make appropriate changes that strengthens their core foundations to better serve their consumers, along with remaining competitive. The concept of change has constantly evolved over time, allowing different perspectives and frameworks to be presented. Change has been identified as being a nonlinear cyclical process, where often there is not a clearly defined beginning or ending (Benson, 2016). Research further analyzes that implementation of effective change consists of intermingles of multiple improvement methods (Benson, 2016). Leading and managing change within an organization requires different strategies which aligns with a solid theoretical foundation. Theoretical foundations of change and change management practices are developed on the foundation of the three schools of thoughts, along with numerous social science disciplines (Moran & Brightman, 2000). The three schools of thought aligned with the theoretical foundations of change management are identified as being individual perspective, group dynamics and open systems. The three systems are dynamic in the change process, as they each differently formulate change models, which over years have developed to assist organizations in the process of change. There are different models and theories which focus on change. Over the years many organizations have implemented different theories and frameworks. This research supported paper will discuss components of theoretical foundations of change and change management that contribute to organizational effectiveness.