The Chinese handmade carpet is produced in a complicated traditional wortk . This is extremely hardworking and time consuming processes which includes: Design drawing, Thread dying, Warp Hanging, Weaving, Shearing, Washing, edge fringing, etc.
The design of the carpet can be generally classified into 2 types: Chinese Design and Persian Design. The Chinese design is based on the ideas of the famous paintings, legends, the Bible etc. and usually has different meanings implied. For example, in the design of "Guava, Buddha Hand & Peach", the Guava stands for many children and the peach for longevity whereas Buddha hand implies the blessings and good fortune. After the design is completed, it will then be enlarged to be the blue print and marked with colors in different columns for the weavers to follow.
The silk thread need to be dyed before it's woven into the carpet. The pigment was usually taken from the natural plant and the mineral materials. With the traditional dying processes, the silk was adhered closely with the pigments under the normal temperature and thus gives a good protection for the layer of the silk. Nowadays, the chemical pigments are often used to increase the color diversity.
Warps are fixed on the loom rack, almost like a standing frame which consists of 4 bars. The warps will be looped tightly between the top bar and the bottom one. The density of the warps is the key to the quality of the carpet and with more warps, the design looks more clear and vivid and accordingly, this requires more work.
Based on different blue prints, the weaving of a carpet is understood as interaction of strings of a basis and a wefts and knots installed in this cloth base. The warp yarns are fixed on the loom and starting from the bottom, the weaving gets under way. The weaver takes a piece of carefully selected fiber, such as wool or silk to form a knot on two warps corresponding with the designs and colors in the picture. The surplus fiber is cut off with a knife. After a row of knotting is completed, the weaver passes one or several weft yarns in between the front and back warps. Then he will use a special comb to beat forcefully on the row of knots and weft, just in order to keep them tight and make the carpet even. The carpet is developed from the knots, lines and base and thus forms an elegant carpet.
The shearing process starts right after the completion of the weaving. The worker shears away any additional fibers on the surface to achieve the positions, depth and angles as reflected on the blueprints, and then get the edge knotted to complete the whole manufacturing processes.
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