In this day to day world Smartphones are rocking this world with more and more technology pouring in , All the techniques needs the internet as the base and here we are going to see how internet is possible from mobile and also the “G” – Generations of wireless technology
Connecting to internet anywhere at any time is popular among everyone, Updating Status, Chit chat in what’s app etc. are abnormal now a day, lets also know the technology behind this
There are two ways of connecting internet through mobile phones
- Telephone service provider
- Wi- fi (Wireless fidelity)
We need to know about the techniques of Telephone service provider as it being provided through Wireless technology, were in Wi-fi can be obtained from a Broadband Technology by installing an access point.
Through Telephone service provider, the phone connects to the Internet through data transfer in the same way a PC does, but with a wireless link. We can access the same Web applications just like in our PCs if we use a WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) enabled cell phone. WAP is the universal standard for wireless communications and applications.
- In order to accomplish the same internet protocol that are used for computer network we use WAP
- The need of WAP comes from low data transfer rates of mobile phones
When using WAP enabled mobile devices for internet access the device sends out radio waves searching for a connection with the service provider
- Once connection is made, a request is sent to a gateway server using WAP. This server retrieves the required information from the website in HTTP (standard Internet protocol) form.
- The gateway server converts the HTTP data to WML as it is compatible with the mobile web format.
- The converted WML data is then sent to the WAP client on the device with the mobile Internet version of the required Webpage. It is then passed to the web browser which acts as an interface between the mobile Internet and the user.
- The WAP protocol determines the handshake between the gateway server and the WAP client. It also keeps data flow smooth, checks data integrity, authentication and encryption as well as adaptability to different network providers.
- GSM(Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) plays a vital role for mobile internet.
- GSM and CDMA use different algorithms which allow multiple mobile phone users to share the same digital radio frequency without interference. Cell phones have an in-built antenna which is used to send packets of digital information back and forth with cell-phone towers via radio waves.
- Mobile phones connect to a cell tower in the area, and can fetch or retrieve data
- The voice and data channels of cell phones are separated for maximum efficiency – Mobile Voice goes in one channel and IP or SMS signalling over Mobile Internet in another.
- The GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) network provides a gateway to the internet through different frequency channels for uploading and downloading.
So You still wonder on how this is happening at backend? This is where the spectrum comes in with different frequencies for different speed; let’s see how the transfer of data is happening between mobile and the internet
- The main and the hero here is RF(Radio frequency) frequency which can be transmitted irrespective, i.e as termed in my earlier post the RF is invisible.
- This RF energy is transmitted to carry the information between your phone and the Internet.
- A Modem gets the information onto and off the RF carrier by modulation and demodulation and Vice-versa
- The information through the RF carrier is sent in packets which have a source and destination address
Likewise for transmitting of signals we need the speed for which service providers are expanding their networks on step by step basis,
- 1G – no one would have heard about this as we all are familiar to “2g”through the spectrum Scam. 1g is the first generation of mobile phone technology. It was able to do simple phone calls, so we can simplify this as Analog usage
- 2G – The second generation is for Voice, Digital.
- A GSM network with GPRS is used for standard data transfer
- GSM traditionally work on 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz
- E – EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution) enhances the GPRS standard by adding a few more modulation schemes with higher data throughput. the data speeds increased noticeably – expect data rates above 100 kbps. Sometimes called 2.75G
- 3G – The third Generation uses UMTS ( universal mobile telecommunications system) which is completely a newer technology from GSM. This usually works on 2100Mhz
- WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) a single 5 MHz channel is shared for all connected mobile phones and each phone has a special code assigned for decoding its data. UMTS will typically give you several hundreds of kbps.
- H – Significantly higher speeds, This is for 3G what EDGE was to GPRS
- H++ – HSDPA (or HSUPA) means High Speed Downlink (or Uplink) Packet Access, and it’s an extension to the 3G standard that increases the data throughput speeds – expect several Mbps.
4G – The 4th generation called LTE (Long Term Evolution)Shared access is done by OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access) the available channel is divided into sub channels also called subcarriers and each of them is treated separately; groups of those subcarriers are assigned to different mobile phones.
- LTE is designed as a data-only network so all of the traffic is IP-based and there are no more circuit-switched connections. In fact unless the operator has VoLTE service (Voice over long term evolution), your 4G connection will only handle sending data, and to make/receive a voice call your phone will have to fall back to a 2G or 3G network.
- The data speeds will be quite higher, where one can expect tens of Mbps, this ultimately refers to the speed in internet, the higher the data speed the higher we surf.
Technology rocks always, should accept the fact on the banes but still the need is keep on increasing day by day , so far you would have used the internet without knowing how it is being connected, from now on you can use it by knowing the same, please share so let’s others too can learn what you have done so far. “” Information is Wealth “