- Scientific name: Lipophrys pholis
- Also know as: Shanny, Smooth Blenny, Sea Frog
- Size: Up to 20cm
- UK minimum size: 20cm
- UK shore caught record: 3oz 15 dr
- IUCN Status: NE (Not Evaluated)
- Distribution: Common around all of the British Isles. Also found in other European waters.
- Feeds on: Marine invertebrates and worms.
- Description: Small fish with smooth, slimy body which appears to be scaleless. Dorsal fin runs the full length of the back and has a noticeable notch in the middle, anal fin is also long and tail small. Eyes located high up on the head and no sensory organs are present. Colour can vary from fish to fish, but is usually dark brownish to grey, although males change colour in the breeding season.
The common blenny is a small shallow water fish which is commonly found in coastal, inshore waters all around the UK and is often encountered by people exploring rock pools. Being a member of the Blenniidae family it is a true blenny species (although it goes under a range of other names, most often shanny). The common blenny is abundant around the British Isles although it is found elsewhere in European waters, such the western Mediterranean Sea.
Being a shallow water fish which the common blenny will spend its whole life living in the inter-tidal zone of rocky coastlines. When the tide is in the common blenny will search for sources of food such as small prawns, sea slaters, ragworms, lugworms and any other small creatures which are found in inshore waters. When the tides goes out common blennies will remain in the same area and take refuge in a rockpool until the tide comes back in. However, if the common blenny cannot locate a rockpool it will instead hide in a crack or crevice or under a rock or within a weed bed. The lack of water is not an issue for this species as – provided the environment is damp and moist – it is capable of living out of water for many hours. Indeed, common blennies can sometimes be observed completely out of water, making their way across seaweed or between rocks, with this amphibious behaviour leading to the shanny being given the alternative name of the sea frog. Male common blennies usually change colour in the spring/summer breeding season, and females will lay eggs under rocks in the intertidal zone. Males will stay near to the eggs to guard them until they hatch. Common blenny can live for at least ten years, and it is though that this species may be able to live for as long as 15 – 20 years.
Very much a mini species the common blenny has a British shore caught record of a mere 3oz 15dr, caught by M. Carter, Poldhu Cove, near The Lizard, Cornwall in 1995. The common blenny is becoming an increasingly popular species for anglers to catch, with the growth of LRF (Light Rock Fishing). The range of other blenny species which are found in British waters can be viewed on this page.