Paper sewing patterns were first manufactured in the middle of the 1800s. These first paper patterns were designed by Ellen Curtis Demorest. Starting in 1860, these patterns were sold through her magazine, Mme. Demorest’s Mirror of Fashion. In 1863, American tailor Ebenezer Butterick was the first to create a sewing pattern in various sizes. It was his idea to use tissue paper for the mass production of sewing patterns. Butterick’s company was also the first to introduce an enlarged and detailed instruction sheet, which they called a “Deltor.”
The earliest paper sewing patterns were pre-cut on plain tissue, with notches and holes for markings which aided in construction of the garment. The printed pattern was introduced in the 1920s, but did not become commonplace until just after World War II.
There are four large pattern companies still making sewing patterns today: Butterick, McCall’s, Simplicity and Vogue. These are also the most commonly found vintage patterns, though there were dozens of smaller companies who produced some wonderful designs.
What to Look For
There are all kinds of vintage pattern collectors. Some collect designs from just one era, the 1960s Mod look for instance, that may suit their body shape or their lifestyle. Others collect certain designers. I know one collector who buys just the Butterick Young Designers from the 1960s and 1970s. She became interested in these because she has fond memories of sewing them back in her youth.
Some collectors love the Hollywood brand. Their envelopes featured Hollywood starlets in the 1930s and 40s. Some of these patterns are loosely based on designs from the movies. Others were meant to reflect the style of the star pictured. Still others had nothing to do with the starlet pictured, as in one that has Bette Davis on an apron pattern.
Pattern magazines and counter books (the big books in stores which showed all the styles) are also interesting to collect, and they are invaluable aids in helping to place a date on a pattern.
When buying vintage patterns there are several things to keep in mind. If you’re paying more than a few dollars you need to ask if the pattern is complete. An accomplished sewer may not mind a few missing pieces, but most of us need them all. If you have found some patterns you like but the seller has no idea if they are complete, at least check to be sure the instructions are in the envelope, and see if you think the folded tissue is thick enough to match the number of pieces indicated on the envelope. Also make sure the back of the envelope is intact, as it has valuable information such as the amount of fabric you’ll need.
It’s rare (but nice!) to find vintage patterns in pristine condition, but sometimes you can find unused ones that still have the original folds in the tissue. These patterns are “factory folded” and they are a real treat to find. There is no guess-work about completeness with a factory folded pattern.
On the other hand, well-used patterns can still be valuable and usable. If the design is fantastic, unusual or rare, condition may not be as important. However, poor condition and incompleteness do affect value, so pay accordingly. And for an ordinary design, it might be better to wait for a copy in better condition. Remember, these were manufactured by the thousands!
Dating Vintage Patterns
If you want to know when your pattern was made, there are several ways to find out. The easiest is when the maker has put the date on the envelope or on the instruction sheet. McCall, later McCall’s, patterns are always dated. Look along the edge on the back of the envelope, or sometimes on the flap. Simplicity patterns were dated in the 1940s and into the 50s, on the instruction sheet. Look at the bottom corners to find the dates. Simplicity stopped putting dates on most patterns in the early 50s, but in the mid 1960s they began printing it on the envelope back.
Vogue patterns were rarely dated, and until the late 1970s, Butterick patterns were never dated. Most mail order patterns were not dated, though you could get lucky and find one in the original mailing envelope with a postmarked date. The other smaller companies did not put dates on their patterns. And be careful, because sometimes an older pattern will have a copyright date that is not for the design, but for a feature like the method of construction. I’ve seen obvious 1930s designs with a 1921 copyright date.
Another way to date a pattern is by using the number of the pattern. There is a book series, Blueprints of Fashion by Wade Laboissonniere, that attempts to make sense of all the different numbering systems.
Sometimes the only way to determine the age of a pattern is from the styling of the illustration. The hairstyle, the garment style and length, even the printing fonts used can be hints as to the era of a pattern. This is when knowing a bit about fashion eras can be valuable.
Using Vintage Patterns
Some people buy vintage patterns simply because they love the beautiful designs, but many people actually use their patterns to make clothing. The tissue and instruction sheets can be very fragile due to age, but most patterns I’ve found are usable if the sewer exercises caution.
In order to make your pattern last longer and to preserve your investment, you might want to make a copy of the pattern. Instead of using the actual pattern to cut out the pieces, use the copy, saving wear and tear on the more fragile original. I bought a bolt of interfacing fabric that I trace my pieces onto. It’s easy to transfer the markings because the fabric is translucent. I’ve heard that some people trace their pieces onto tissue, which would work as well.
Finding Vintage Sewing Patterns
You can find vintage patterns almost anywhere you would be shopping for used items. This includes every venue from yard sales to antique shows. Yard sales and estate sales are excellent sources of vintage patterns. I went to a yard sale recently where an elderly lady was selling her lifetime collection of patterns. She was able to tell me what fabrics she used for each one, and if the dress was made for a special occasion, what it was. It’s fun knowing these patterns will continue to be appreciated!
A hint when buying at yard sales and estate sales: if the price is reasonable, buy all the patterns, especially if they are messy looking. Home sewers frequently “mixed and matched” patterns – taking a bodice from one and putting it with the skirt from another. Often the pieces were not returned to the correct envelope, but if you have all the patterns, you may be able to locate any pieces that are missing from each envelope.
Thrift stores may be another good source of vintage patterns, however, some thrifts do not see the value of them and will throw them away. You must educate your thrift workers! Ask them to save any patterns they get instead of dumping them. A thrift store near me refuses to sell patterns, but they are smart. Instead of filling their dumpster with them and other “unsalable” items, they keep a “free” box outside the shop. I’ve found some wonderful patterns in that box!
Flea markets are great sources for patterns. Look in booths that have other “girly” or clothing items. And if you don’t see them, ask. They may have a big box at home, or better still, under the table. Again, be prepared to educate. Many flea dealers do not know there is a market for vintage patterns. Just a few months ago I was told by a dealer that she just threw away a big cabinet full of old patterns.
Antique malls and shops and vintage clothing stores are also great sources for vintage patterns. Amazingly, patterns in these shops are usually very reasonably priced – often just a few dollars. And if you don’t see any patterns, especially in a one proprietor shop, be sure to ask if he or she has any tucked away.
Today, one of the best places to find vintage patterns is online, especially if you are searching for a specific pattern. There is a vintage pattern category on eBay, but there are also quite a few small websites devoted to the selling of vintage patterns. In buying from these sites you are dealing with someone who knows patterns and who can give you good advice about any pattern you are considering. You can also be assured the pattern is complete, or that it is as the seller describes it.
All images in this article courtesy Lizzie Bramlett of Fuzzylizzie.com.