The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) provides educational resources about abortion and pro-life in the Catholic Church. The following information provides a basic overview which summarizes key points about abortion.
From your first moments of existence, you had all the DNA that would determine your sex, facial features, physique, and the color of your skin, hair, and eyes. At 24 days, your heart began beating. By eight weeks, all your organs were present, and your unique fingerprints were forming. Ultrasounds show that by 18 weeks, you could swim, somersault, suck your thumb, and even cover your ears if you heard loud music. If you’d been born just 23 weeks after conception, your chance of survival would be 50-80 percent; by 25 weeks, it’s more than 90 percent, and that’s still months before full-term birth.
Now, if someone takes an innocent person’s life after he or she is born, it’s against the law; just minutes before birth, it’s legal in many states and called abortion.
Abortion and the Law
The Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization ended the nearly 50-year nationwide regime of abortion on demand that was ushered in by the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973. This regime was based on the indefensible view that the U.S. Constitution forbids government from protecting the preborn child in the womb from the violence of abortion. The Supreme Court in Dobbs concluded that there is nothing in the Constitution’s text, history, American legal tradition, or the Court’s precedents that justified the extreme holding of Roe.
In Dobbs, the Supreme Court returned the issue of abortion to the people’s elected representatives at the Federal and State levels. It will take time for the Dobbs decision to play out and there is great variation in how states treat abortion. In the meantime, abortion is legal in more states than not, and more work is needed in the coming months and years.
Effects of Abortion
Abortion results in the death of a child. For many mothers, abortion causes severe and long-lasting emotional, psychological, and spiritual trauma. Many women experience overwhelming guilt, shame, and grief. Other effects have also been documented: depression, withdrawal from others, eating disorders, self-punishing behaviors like “cutting,” sexual dysfunction and problems with intimacy, alcohol and drug dependency, problems bonding with other or subsequent children, abortion-related nightmares, and other sleep problems.
Family relationships may suffer as the aborted child’s father, grandparents, or other family members experience their own guilt, grief, or loss. Even if the mother keeps her abortion secret, family members can be distressed by changes in the mother’s behavior and mental or emotional health.
What the Church Teaches
The Church has consistently taught that every human life is precious and worthy of protection. Every intentional abortion is gravely wrong. In April of 2018, Pope Francis wrote: “Our defense of the innocent unborn … needs to be clear, firm, and passionate, for at stake is the dignity of a human life, which is always sacred and demands love for each person, regardless of his or her stage of development.”
The Church does not approach difficult pregnancy decisions with a false “either/or” mentality, pitting mother against child. For example, a baby conceived in rape is not an aggressor deserving death by abortion. She is innocent, like her mother. They both deserve compassionate care and support, not more violence. Abortion doesn’t bring healing or peace, but both can be found in the courageous decision to give birth to the baby.
Today, many babies diagnosed prenatally with a disability are aborted. Frightened parents, unsure of their ability to care for such a child, can trust that God gave them this child for a reason. Parents raising children with disabilities often write about the unexpected joys and transformative effect on their families.
Even when the disabilities are so severe that the baby is likely to die before or soon after birth, “many parents who carried their children to term say that protecting their baby and honoring his or her natural life, no matter how brief, was profoundly healing.”
Very rarely, continuing a pregnancy may put a mother’s life at risk — for example, because of a tubal pregnancy or aggressive uterine cancer. It is morally licit to remove the threat to the mother’s life by removing the cancerous uterus or the fallopian tube where the child implanted, even though it is foreseeable that the child will die as an indirect and unintended result of such surgery. But abortion — a direct and intentional taking of a child’s life — is never morally permissible.
What Are We to Do?
Love them both! Support women who need help during and after difficult pregnancies through the work of your diocesan Respect Life office and local pregnancy care centers.
Educate yourself and others about struggles some experience after abortion, and find out where to refer those seeking help at hopeafterabortion.org. If you feel called to support your local ministry, contact your diocesan Project Rachel Ministry office for ways you might help.
Stay informed about key federal legislation and the voting records of your elected representatives by visiting humanlifeaction.org and usccb.org/prolife. Stay updated on state issues by signing up to receive information from your state Catholic conference or diocesan pro-life office.
Most importantly, pray daily for the end to abortion, that all mothers and children experience the loving support of the Church community, and that all who suffer after abortion find healing and peace.
Catechism of the Catholic Church, second edition © 2000 LEV-USCCB. Used with permission. Excerpt from Gaudete et Exsultate © 2018, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City. Used with permission. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2022, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Washington, D.C. All rights reserved.
1 “Fetal Development,” Perinatology.Com; http://perinatology.com/Reference/Fetal%20development.htm; J.L. Hopson, “Fetal Psychology,’’ Psychology Today, Sept. 9, 1998 (last reviewed June 9, 2016); https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/199809/fetal-psychology.
 D.P. Sullins, “Abortion, substance abuse and mental health in early adulthood: Thirteen-year longitudinal evidence from the United States,” SAGE Open Med., Sept. 23, 2016; http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2050312116665997; P.K. Coleman et al., “Women Who Suffered Emotionally from Abortion: A Qualitative Synthesis of Their Experiences” Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons 22:4 (2017) 113-118; http://www.jpands.org/vol22no4/coleman.pdf; G. Pike, “Abortion and Women’s Health,” Society for the Protection of Unborn Children, 2017; https://www.spuc.org.uk/abortion/~/media/C69E4B25A78D433F94780BD29240CA21.ashx.
 P.K. Coleman et al., “Women Who Suffered Emotionally from Abortion: A Qualitative Synthesis of Their Experiences” Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons 22:4 (2017) 113-118; http://www.jpands.org/vol22no4/coleman.pdf; P.K. Coleman et al., “Induced Abortion and Intimate Relationship Quality in the Chicago Health and Social Life Survey,” Public Health 123:4 (2009) 331-8; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19324381.
 Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2nd ed., 2271.
 Pope Francis, Gaudete et Exsultate, (Libreria Editrice Vaticana), 101.
 See also: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, “A Perfect Gift” (Washington, DC: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2018).
 United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, “Supporting Families Who Receive a Prenatal Diagnosis,” (Washington, DC: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2015).
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