Long-term survival of scaffolds depends on having no detrimental immune response. Designing biomaterials that are able to modulate host responses and thus support the healing process is essential for tissue remodeling. In depth understanding of immune response to the biomaterials and their transplanted cells is important since the interaction between host response and transplanted cells demonstrates the biocompatibility of the implanted scaffold. In this chapter, we mainly aim to focus on innate and adaptive immune response and wound healings processes. In detail we discuss about variables that effect on the immune responses and the current strategies for modulating.