Lingua::Conjunction - Convert Perl lists into linguistic conjunctions
use Lingua::Conjunction; # emits "Jack" $name_list = conjunction('Jack'); # emits "Jack and Jill" $name_list = conjunction('Jack', 'Jill'); # emits "Jack, Jill, and Spot" $name_list = conjunction('Jack', 'Jill', 'Spot'); # emits "Jack, a boy; Jill, a girl; and Spot, a dog" $name_list = conjunction('Jack, a boy', 'Jill, a girl', 'Spot, a dog'); # emits "Jacques, un garcon; Jeanne, une fille; et Spot, un chien" Lingua::Conjunction->lang('fr'); $name_list = conjunction( 'Jacques, un garcon', 'Jeanne, une fille', 'Spot, un chien' );
Lingua::Conjunction exports a single subroutine,
conjunction, that converts a list into a properly punctuated text string.
You can cause
conjunction to use the connectives of other languages, by calling the appropriate subroutine:
Lingua::Conjunction->lang('en'); # use 'and' (default) Lingua::Conjunction->lang('es'); # use 'y'
Supported languages in this version are English, Spanish, French, Italian, German, Portuguese, Norwegian, Danish, Dutch, Afrikaans, Swahili, and Latin. (Klingon is intentionally not supported.)
You can also set connectives individually:
Lingua::Conjunction->separator("..."); Lingua::Conjunction->separator_phrase("--"); Lingua::Conjunction->connector_type("or"); # emits "Jack... Jill... or Spot" $name_list = conjunction('Jack', 'Jill', 'Spot');
separator_phrase is used whenever the separator already appears in an item of the list. For example:
# emits "Doe, a deer; Ray; and Me" $name_list = conjunction('Doe, a deer', 'Ray', 'Me');
You may use the
penultimate routine to diable the separator after the next to last item. Generally this is bad English practice but the option is there if you want it:
# emits "Jack, Jill and Spot" Lingua::Conjunction->penultimate(0); $name_list = conjunction('Jack', 'Jill', 'Spot');
I have been told that the penultimate comma is not standard for some languages, such as Norwegian. Hence the defaults set in the
Originally this modules was uploaded to CPAN as
Text::List. After some criticism, it was renamed.
As per suggestions, other features were added. Probably too many features for what amounts to a simple hack.
More languages could be added, but some languages have more complex rules (inflections and multiple forms of 'and' depending on the context, etc.)
The Perl Cookbook in Section 4.2 has a simular subroutine called
commify_series. The different is that 1. this routine handles multiple languages and 2. being a module, you do not have to add the subroutine to a script every time you need it.
Robert Rothenberg <firstname.lastname@example.org>
Damian Conway <email@example.com>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.