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Chapter 2 Computer
designates input, output, and storage equipment that might be added to a computer system to enhance its functionality
is the case that holds the computers main circuit boards, microprocessor, memory, power supply, and storage devices.
refers to the size and dimensions of a component, such as a system board or system unit
provides plenty of space for gamers and modders who want to soup up their machines.
popular with gamers can be carried to LAN parties
small lightweight personal computer with screen keyboard.
small lightwieght computer that opens like a clamshell.
small scaled sizr versions of the clamsized computers
is a portable computing device featuring a touch sensitive screen that can be used as a writing ot drawing pad.
home computer system
encompasses a vast array of computer configurations designed to accomodate consumers who use computers for personal tasks.
is based on the design for one of the first personal computer superstars- IBM PC
is based on a proprietory design for a personal computer called MAC
can use a standard PC or Mac running the Linux operating system
custom hand built modification to a computer system component.
a timing device that sets the pace for executing instructions
means a billion cycles per second
a single micro processor that contains circuitry for more than one processing unit is this
stands for front side bus
means one million cycles per second
is a special high speed mempory that allows a microprocessor to access data more rapidly than ever from memory located elswhere.
refers to the number of bits that a microprocessor can manipulate at one time.
64 bit processor
has 64 bits at a time
a microprocessor with such an instruction set uses this
a microprocessor with a limited set of instructions
the processor must complete all steps in the instruction cycle before it begins to execute the next instruction
a processor can begin executing an instruction before it completes the previous instruction
in which multiple instructions are executed at the same time
these are tests to gauge the overall speed of a microprocessor
is a technique for increasing the speed of a computer such as a processor, graphics card, system board or memory.
is a temporary holding area for data, application program instructionsand the operating system.
they hold the bits that represent data
means it requires electrical power to hold data
operating system uses an area of the hard disk to store parts of programs or data files until they are needed.
is a type of memory circuitory that hods the computers start up routine.
non volatile chip that requires no power to hold data
is the disk, tape, CD, DVD, or other substance that contains data.
is the mechanical apparatus that records and retrieves data from a storage medium
is the average time it takes a computer to locate data on the storage medium and read it.
is the ability of a device to "jump directly to the requested data.
Data transfer rate
is the amount of data a storage device can move per second from the storge medium to the computer.
the amount of data that can be stored in a given area of a storage medium, such as the surface of a disk.
hard disk, floppy disk, and tape storage technologies classified as this.
mechanism in the disk drive can magnetize particles to write data, and sense the particles polarities to read data.
hard disk drive
contains one or more platters and their associated read-write heads.
hard disk platter
is a flat, rigid disk made of aluminum or glass and coated with magnetic iron oxide particles.
hard disk controller
positions the disk, locates data, and interface with components on the system board.
if a readwrite head runs into a dust particle or other contaminent on the disk it cause this.
CD, DVD, and Blue - Ray technologies are classified as this
the dark spots are known as this
the lighter- non pitted surface areas of the disk are called this
Read - only technology
stores data permanently on a disk, which cannot be subsequently added or changed
uses a laser to change the color in a dye layer sandwiched beneath the clear plastic disk surface.
uses phase change technology to alter a crystal structure on the disk surface.
more commonly known as audio, is the format for commercial musice CDS.
Data cannot be added to changed or deleted from this
Data cannot be changed from this
disks stor data using recordable technology
discs store data using a recordable technology similar to a CD-R but with a DVD storage capacity
discs store data using rewritable technology
discs use rewritable technology technology similar to CD-RW but with DVD storage capacity
is used for movies. Blue- Ray
Solid state storage
is a technology that stores data in eraseable, rewritable circuitry, rather than on spinning disks or streaming tape.
the chip retains the data without the need for an external power source
is a device that reads and writes data on solid state storage.
solid state storage
can be used as a substitute for a hard disk drive in handheld devices and netbooks
solid state drive
can be used as a substitute for a hard disk drive in handheld devices and netbooks.
USB flash drive
is typically used for storing data files and programs that you want to use on various computers
dot matrix printer
produces characters and graphics by using a grid of fine wires
printers duty cycle
determines how many pages a printer is able to churn out
can print on both sides of the paper
within a computer, data travels from one component to another over circiuts called
long narrow socket on the system board into which you can plug an expansion card
small circuit board that gives a computer the capability to hold a storage device, input device, output device.
is any connector that passes data into and out of a computer or peripheal device.
Fire Wire ports
are used for external storage devices and for transferring data from digital video cameras to a computer for editing, printing, or storage
popular for connecting high-speed external storage devices.
VGA, DVI, HDMI
ports are designed for audiovisual devices.
when you connect or disconnect a peripheral device while the computer is operating
is a sudden increase in electrical energy affecting the current that flows to electrical outlets
is a device that contains electrical outlets protected by circuitory that blocks surges
is a device that not only provides surge protection, but also furnishes desktop computers and network devices with battery backup power during a power outage
blue screen of death
a sign that your computer is not working properly, and that which it cannot recover
is a limited version of Windows that allows you to lose your mouse, screen, and keyboard, but no other periphereal devices.