Effective Carbon Rates 2018
Pricing Carbon Emissions Through Taxes and Emissions Trading
Decarbonisation keeps climate change in check and contributes to cleaner air and water.
Countries can price CO2-emissions to decarbonise their economies and steer them along
a carbon-neutral growth path. Are countries using this tool to its full potential?
This report measures carbon pricing of CO2-emissions from energy use in 42 OECD and
G20 countries, covering 80% of world emissions. The analysis takes a comprehensive
view of carbon prices, including specific taxes on energy use, carbon taxes and tradable
emission permit prices. The ‘carbon pricing gap’ measures how much the 42 countries,
together as well as individually, fall short of pricing emissions in line with levels
needed for decarbonisation. On aggregate, the ‘carbon pricing gap’ indicates how advanced
the 42 countries are with the implementation of market-based tools to decarbonise
their economies. At the country level, the gap can be seen as an indicator of long-run
Published on September 18, 2018