What is a battery?
A battery is a self-contained, chemical power pack that can produce a limited amount of electrical energy wherever it’s needed. Unlike normal electricity, which flows to your home through wires that start off in a power plant, a battery slowly converts chemicals packed inside it into electrical energy, typically released over a period of days, weeks, months, or even years.
The basic idea of portable power is nothing new; people have always had ways of making energy on the move. Even prehistoric humans knew how to burn wood to make fire, which is another way of producing energy (heat) from chemicals (burning releases energy using a chemical reaction called combustion). By the time of the Industrial Revolution (in the 18th and 19th centuries), we’d mastered the art of burning lumps of coal to make power, so fueling things like steam locomotives. But it can take an hour to gather enough wood to cook a meal, and a locomotive’s boiler typically takes several hours to get hot enough to make steam. Batteries, by contrast, give us instant, portable energy; turn the key in your electric car and it leaps to life in seconds!
What are the main parts of a battery?
The basic power unit inside a battery is called a cell, and it consists of three main bits. There are two electrodes (electrical terminals) and a chemical called an electrolyte in between them. For our convenience and safety, these things are usually packed inside a metal or plastic outer case. There are two more handy electrical terminals, marked with a plus (positive) and minus (negative), on the outside connected to the electrodes that are inside. The difference between a battery and a cell is simply that a battery consists of two or more cells hooked up so their power adds together.
When you connect a battery’s two electrodes into a circuit (for example, when you put one in a flashlight), the electrolyte starts buzzing with activity. Slowly, the chemicals inside it are converted into other substances. Ions (atoms with too few or too many electrons) are formed from the materials in the electrodes and take part in chemical reactions with the electrolyte. At the same time, electrons march from one terminal to the other through the outer circuit, powering whatever the battery is connected to. This process continues until the electrolyte is completely transformed. At that point, the ions stop moving through the electrolyte, the electrons stop flowing through the circuit, and the battery is flat.
Why do batteries need two different materials?
It’s important to note that the electrodes in a battery are always made from two dissimilar materials (so never both from the same metal), which obviously have to be conductors of electricity. This is the key to how and why a battery works: one of the materials “likes” to give up electrons, the other likes to receive them. If both electrodes were made from the same material, that wouldn’t happen and no current would flow.
To understand this, we need to delve back through the history of electricity to 1792, when Italian scientist Luigi Galvani found he could make electricity with a bit of help from a frog’s leg.
Famously, Galvani stuck a couple of different metals into the leg of a dead frog and produced an electric current, which he believed was made by the frog releasing its “animal electricity.” In fact, as his countryman Alessandro Volta soon realized, the important thing was that Galvani had used two different metals. In effect, the frog’s body was working as the electrolyte of a battery made with two different metallic electrodes stuck into it. Dead or alive, there was nothing special about the frog; a glass jar full of the right chemicals—or even a lemon—would have worked just as well.
What was so special about the electrodes? Chemical elements differ in their ability to pull electrons toward them—or give them up to other elements that pull on them more. We call this tendency electro negativity. Stick two different metals into an electrolyte, then connect them through an outer circuit, and you get a tug-of-war going on between them. One of the metals wins out and pulls electrons from the other, through the outer circuit—and that flow of electrons from one metal to the other is how a battery powers the circuit. If the two terminals of a battery were made from the same material, there’d be no net flow of electrons and no power would ever be produced.
Types of batteries
Batteries come in all different shapes, sizes, voltages, and capacities (amounts of stored charge or energy). Although they can be made with all sorts of different chemical electrolytes and electrodes, there are really only two main types: primary and secondary. Primary batteries are ordinary, disposable ones that can’t normally be recharged; secondary batteries can be recharged, sometimes hundreds of times. You can recharge secondary batteries just by passing a current through them in the opposite direction to which it would normally flow (when it’s discharging); you can’t normally do this with primary batteries. When you charge your cellphone, you are really just running the battery (and the chemical reactions inside it) in reverse.
• Primary batteries
• Button batteries
• Secondary batteries (rechargeable)
• Nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH)
Feature & Advantage of our batteries
Extra Long Life: our batteries are designed with high quality grid alloy enables the grid with features of anti-corrosion, low gas emission and excellent deep cycle performance, as well as high density and special deep cycle lead paste prescription is adopted to ensure extra-long cycle life.
* High Reliability and Safety: High strength ABS battery container and lid, perfect safety valve design, and high strength & excellent large current electro conductivity copper terminal design are adopted to ensure the batteries with high reliability and safety at extreme condition.
* High Environmental Adaptability: our batteries adopts special fumed silica Gel in electrolyte and special Gel type separator to prevent electrolyte stratification. This can significantly improve the battery’s service life and environmental adaptability.
* Non-Cadmium Design, Environment-friendly: our batteries have adopted internationally leading technology – container formation non-cadmium production technology, which is in the leading position in the industry. It helps to save energy 28.5%, save water 90%, and non-discharge of waste water.
● UPS & EPS system
● Banks & Financial Centre
● Medical Equipment
● Emergency Power System
● Alarm & Security system
● High Power Backup Supply
● Control System
● Wind Energy System
● Batteries should be stored in dry and clean warehouse which has good air exchange system. Batteries should avoid direct sunlight. Batteries should not be near to heat (such as radiator, the distance should more than1m). Batteries should avoid any toxic gas and organic solvent.
● When the ambient temperature is less than 25℃, the longest storage life is 6 months. If ambient temperature is higher, the longest storage life varies as specified in below chart.
Storage Temperature (℃) ≤25 26～33 34～40
Storage Time (Month) 6 3 1
● Batteries should be recharged within the storage life or before using.
Charging methods: maximum charging current 8A, constant voltage 2.45±0.05V/cell (25℃);
Charging time: 15~20h; Temperature compensation coefficient: -5mV/℃/cell.
1. Installation Environment
Batteries should avoid contacting the heat and cold source.
Distance from batteries to heater should more than 1m.
Installation place should be on flat ground with good illumination and air exchange system.
Installation distance between batteries should more than 3~5 cm.
It is prohibited to put batteries into a sealed container.
Batteries can be operated with temperature of -15℃～+45℃, but the best temperature for batteries is 20～25℃.
- Installation Procedure and Method
2.1 Count the number of batteries and the accessories
2.2 Prepare the installing tool, gloves and work clothes.
2.3 Check no abnormal condition of the battery appearance and the polarity of the batteries.
2.4 Scrub the surface of terminals shining by steel wire brush. Use dry and soft cloth to clean the copper terminal coated by silver or tin.
2.5 Install the batteries
2.6 Confirm the installation
Check the voltage, polarity of the battery and the battery group voltage, to verify them in according with following formula:
n: number of batteries
Vt: group voltage
Vb: battery voltage
Connect the battery with the equipment after everything are correct.
UPS & EPS System
High Power Backup Supply
Electric Powered V Vehicles
General valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) battery
AGM valve regulated sealing technology;
Wide temperature scope of application (-15~45℃);
Standing or lying down for using, convenient to transport and install;
High sealed reaction efficiency, little loss of water, no need to add distilled
water or electrolyte, simple to use and maintain;
Do not use at the places near fire. Hydrogen gas generated from battery may
cause fire and explosion.
This 12v battery is only for starting engine. Do not apply for other uses.
Keep out of the reach of children or the personnel who do not understand the
manual. It may cause blindness or severe burn.
When using the battery, wear safety glasses and rubber gloves. Sulfuric acid
may cause blindness or severe burn.
Replacement of battery shall be performed as per following order. If failed, it
may cause fire and explosion. Remove cable from negative terminal
first. Connect cable to negative terminal last.
When connect cable to battery, make sure not to get changed post of +and -. It
may cause the damage of electronic components or fire.
When using the battery, handle with care, sulfuric acid may cause blindness or
When moving battery, be careful not to drop the battery, which is heavy, Do not
shake the battery with handle, if there is the handle, It may cause the injury.
Do not shore the battery at the following places. High temperature and humidity.
Being exposed to rain, snow, direct sunshine.