Promote Person Centred Approaches in Health and Social Care
1.1 Explain how and why person-centred values must influence all aspects of health and social care work
A person centred must influence all aspects of health and social care because the law requires us to do so and are set out in the following Acts, Human Acts 1998, Health and Social Care Act 2012, the 12 codes of the NISCC 6 of which are Standards of Practice and 6 are the standards of Conduct and of course our own Company Policies. For each person that receives care from us these Laws and Acts protect them and it ensures that the clients are treated with respect and dignity, involving them in their own needs, beliefs, identity and to be supported to be as independent as possible.
By following the above procedures and allowing our clients to voice their own opinions and views it builds up relationships and leads to trust in making our relationships with the client more pleasant. It gives the clients help to live their lives in the way that they wish with the support that they may need. We should always listen to our client to find out what they want out of life and help them become more in control and help achieve goals no matter how big or small they are.
1.2 Evaluate the use of care plans in applying person centred values
The use of care plans and making sure that we read them are an important part of our client’s care. In the care plan it states what the individual needs are, their likes and dislikes, their religious beliefs, the time they like to take tablets, take a cuppa tea etc. The care plan enables our clients to have full say in the care we are providing them with this gives them rights, choices and preferences. Following the care plan prevents abuse of our client’s rights as we are doing as they wish regardless of our own beliefs or disbeliefs. The care plans are reviewed every 6 month or when the needs of our client changes and our client is involved at all steps of the planning and review process ensuring they are able to voice their rights, wishes and concerns.
2.1 Explain how to work with an individual and others to find out the individual’s history, preferences, wishes and needs and why this is important?
It is important to work with our client to find out about them this could be by talking to them, listening to what they have to say, respecting their rights, needs, beliefs and encouraging them to trust me. By doing this it builds up good relationships and gives me good knowledge about the individual and how important things are for them maybe it as simple as what why they like their pillows fixed at night or the specific times they take their medication or even a certain ritual they have before going to bed or waking up in the morning. In knowing in the wishes, history and preferences it means that we can engage in conversation with our client with something that they are interested in, this will then result in the highest level of care and barriers are broken down and enables me to respect their needs and beliefs and building up good working relationships.
3.1 Analyse factors that influence the capacity of an individual to express consent
The factors that influence the capacity of an individual to express consent could be language barriers, physical or mental disability, illness such as stroke, injuries which may lead the individual to express different ways of agreeing. Every individual has the right to their own decisions whether it be verbal, written, the nod of their head or a basic hand gesture which can all be taken as consent to questions they are being asked. Example if I was to ask a client if they wanted their medication one of my client’s answers could be yes but another client who cannot talk a nod of their head is sufficient enough as consent. It is important that we treat all clients the same no matter what factors they have that affect their ability to express consent and not to assume that you know their answer or try and answer it for them as this would take away their rights.
3.3 Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established
If my client didn’t give consent I would firstly repeat the question in case they didn’t hear me properly the first time, if they still refused I would ask them why, is it because they don’t feel well or they are sore if so explaining to them how giving consent that I will be as gentle as possible not touching where they are sore and if the still don’t want to give consent that’s ok its their choice. If they were sore I would encourage them to allow me to phone their next of Kin or a doctor or ambulance for them again it is their choice whether they allow me to or not.
If consent isn’t given I cannot continue my care because it would be going against their wishes. I would contact their next of Kin explaining what has happened them report it to my manager, record it in the book and also reassure the client that is their right/choice to decline/refuse any type of care and not worry.
4.1 Describe different ways of applying active participation to meet individual needs
Active participation is letting the Client choose to live their life as independently as possible. When we are caring for a client its reading the care plan and listening to our clients’ needs and wishes, asking them what they want for lunch if they are unsure, assisting them to the kitchen to look for themselves and make a choice. Letting our client choose what they want to wear or what they want to watch on tv instead of just choosing for them. Looking at the client’s abilities and what they can do for themselves as each client’s needs differ. Don’t look at what they can’t do but what they can do and encourage them to take part in every aspect of their care, this will help their self-esteem and independence and in turn gives them their rights and choices as individuals.
5.4 Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that are made by others
Firstly, I would gather up any information that I have about the decision and explain that it is their right to make their own decisions unless they have a health problem that affects their decision making and dosent put them at risk of harm or injury. I would support their questions by answering as best to my knowledge and if I didn’t know take down any notes and pass it on to my manager to forward to the care manager or maybe carry out a new risk assessment and arrange a meeting so that my client could voice their concerns. I can’t do anything that isn’t in the care plan, I need to inform the client that it is their right to refuse any decisions made against their wishes and I have to follow policies and procedures. Always ensuring that the client knows that we are acting in their best interests and will help them in any way we can, by doing this it keeps clients happy that we are prepared to listen to them and help them better understand decisions that are made without their consent by others.
6.1 Explain the links between identity, self image and self esteem
IdentityThis is about knowing who we are, where we are from, being confident in ourselves
Self-ImageThis is about priding ourselves in the way we look and dress, the colour of our hair and eyes the way we walk and talk. It’s about feeling good about myself no, matter what others may say.
Self EsteemThis is about how we like, accept and approve of ourselves. It’s about putting our identity and self-image together and liking what we see in the mirror. Its about being happy or sad about ourselves which could affect our mental health.
With our clients if we get all of the above right so that they know who they are, they are happy and
content with how they look and what they are wearing, they are clean neat and tidy, which in turns
makes them feel good about themselves and receiving compliments form other helps boost their self
esteem making them feel happy about themselves. If we didn’t get the above correct and our client
was left untidy and dirty others may pass bad comments making our client feel bad about themselves
in turn make their self-esteem low and could cause them to stop activities or doing things that they like
6.2 Analyse factors that contribute to the well-being of individuals
Factors that contribute to the well-being of individuals are
Religious factorsbeing able to go to church, if not getting the church magazine delivered
Social factorsbeing able to go to day centres or have people out to visit a befriending service
Emotional factorshaving close family bonds and good friendships
Political factorsbeing involved with what going on around me
Treating our clients as individuals, giving them choices with good communication skills always showing dignity and respect at all times. Help our client to live in their own home with their own possession with them, always looking out for risk areas so they can be fixed as soon as possible i.e. carpet starting to fray so our client may trip and fall while walking with their rollator so getting someone out to fix it will help solve the problem. Ensuring the care plans are up to date and the details that are in the will help us understand the clients wishes and how they wish to be cared for. By doing all the above it will help the client feel good about themselves, giver them a boost making them happy and content.
7.1 Compare different uses of risk assessment in health and social care
House Risk assessmentAre the hallways clear of obstruction and front, back door areas clear in case of a fire, are their any mats that we could slip on, any tears in the carpet, wiring hanging loose that we could fall over.
Individual Risk AssessmentDo we need equipment to help our client safely do any tasks, when clients is getting out of the bath do they need a handrail or anti slip mats, when client is going to the toilet, do they need a rollator to help them walk their or a commode, do they need a raised seat on the toilet so that the client dosent have to bend down that far, do they need hand rails to help them back up again, do they need specific taps that they can turn easily. What are the client’s abilities, what can they do and what do they need help with?
Care worker Risk AssessmentIs the equipment we are using up to standards, is it working correctly and appropriately date stamped by an engineer, are we prepared for a client that may hit out or use other forms of attacking, feet or teeth, is they anything that is in our way or anything that we could trip or fall over. Are our shoes and uniform correctly worn, are shoes comfortable, trousers not too long?
7.2 Explain how risk-taking and risk assessment relate to rights and responsibilities
It is our client’s rights to want to live in their own home but this could come with some risks and responsibilities. It is our responsibility as a care company along with the care worker, social worker and any other professional bodies that the clients house is equipped for them by carrying out a risk assessment to minimise the risks as pointed out above in 7.1. By doing this it gives our client the freedom of choice to maintain independence along with their dignity and in turn gains respect. It lets us know the equipment or utensils that our client may need to help them remain in their own home or adjustments to doors, baths, taps. This will help build up our client’s trust and make them happy.
7.3 Explain why risk assessments need to be regularly revised
Risk assessments need to be regularly revised because our clients need may change from time to time. Our clients could deteriorate and may need to be kept in bed therefore we would need special equipment to help us continue with their care, slide sheets, hoists, commodes or bed pans. Our client may have had a fall and may need specialised equipment to help them around the house, rolator or handy grab. Our client’s condition may change for the better maybe they had an operation and needed bed rest but now that they are getting better they may not need some of the equipment but may need different equipment to help them with daily tasks. Our clients needs can change at any time so being aware of the changes and reporting to our managers to get a risk assessment done is vital in the daily care we provide and will help the client feel comfortable that we are caring for them as best we can.