In this lesson you will get to learn some Japanese verbs of motion (or motion verbs) and how to make request to someone in Japanese using te-form.
You have already learned in lesson 16 on particle で (de) that when you are performing certain action at a place, you use the following expression...
Particle で (de) is always used when you are performing an action at a place.
However, there are some exceptions.
When it comes to motion verbs, the particle used is を (wo) instead of で (de), as shown in the following expression...
So what exactly is a motion verb? A motion verb is a Japanese verb that involves a movement of a person from one place to another place. Japanese verbs such as "to walk" - あるく (aruku) and "to fly" - とぶ (tobu), belong to motion verbs.
Particle を (wo) is normally used as the direct object particle of a verb, like in this phrase...
the particle を (wo) indicates that りんご (ringo - apple) is the direct object of the verb たべる (taberu - to eat).
While in the case of motion verb, the place becomes the direct object of the verb. It looks a bit strange, but this is how it's defined.
Let's use some examples to show how the motion verbs work...
|1.||のぼる||かいだんをのぼる||kaidan wo noboru||Go upstairs|
|2.||おりる||かいだんをおりる||kaidan wo oriru||Go downstairs|
|3.||とぶ||そらをとぶ||sora wo tobu||Fly in the sky|
|4.||あるく||みちをあるく||michi wo aruku||Walk on the road|
|5.||はしる||こうえんをはしる||kouen wo hashiru||Run in the park|
|6.||わたる||はしをわたる||hashi wo wataru||Cross the bridge|
|7.||とおる||みちをとおる||michi wo tooru||Pass along the street|
|8.||さんぽする||こうえんをさんぽする||kouen wo sanposuru||Stroll in the park|
This is actually quite simple. When you want to ask someone to do something, you just need to change the Japanese verb to its te-form and add ください (kudasai).
In the negative case, when you want to request someone not to do something, change the Japanese verb to its nai-form and add でください (dekudasai).
Verb (て-form) ください
Verb (ない-form) でください
You will probably hear people using this quite often in Japan, especially when making announcements in the train stations or airports. Let's use some examples to show how to incorporate these in our everyday life.
Lesson 18: Verbs.
Lesson 20: Verbs on give and receive.
Lesson 21: Verbs te-form.
Lesson 29: Verbs on State Continuation.
Lesson 30: Verbs - Transitive and Intransitive verbs.