Celsius, Anders (1701–1744)
Anders Celsius was a Swedish astronomer, chiefly remembered for his proposal (1742) of a centigrade temperature scale which had 100° for the boiling point and 0° for the freezing point of water. The modern centigrade temperature scale is known as the Celsius scale in his honor.
Celsius was born in Uppsala where he succeeded his father as professor of astronomy in 1730 and built Sweden's first observatory in 1741. He and his assistant, Olof Hiortner, discovered that aurora influenced compass needles. In 1733 he published a collection of 316 observations of the aurora borealis made by himself and other astronomers.
Celsius was a strong supporter of the Gregorian calendar.