Furniture manufacturing operatives make items of furniture by hand or by using machines. They may also be known as wood machinists, hand craftspeople, upholsterers or furniture products operatives.
They mainly use wood use hardwoods such as oak, walnut or teak. Sometimes they use other materials, such as plastic, metal and glass. Using electrical and hand tools and sometimes computer-controlled machines, they make items such as chairs, tables, chests of drawers, fitted furniture and cabinets for storage or display.
Furniture manufacturing operatives:
More experienced operators may also work out the size of a piece of furniture and the amount of material needed. They might be responsible for choosing the materials needed for each item.
In larger factories, many of the processes are automated and controlled by computers, so operatives may:
Many manufacturers now make furniture for sale as flat packs. In such cases, operatives assemble the pack after cutting and shaping the pieces. They add items such as nuts, bolts, screws, glue and handles and pack each item with instructions to ensure that customers can complete the assembly at home.
Operatives may work in a factory or a workshop. Factories may be run by large organisations with many employees. Workshops are smaller and usually make more specialist furniture or cater for a special segment of the market. They may employ only a handful of operatives, who are usually more skilled.
Operatives normally work 39 hours a week. Shift work may be required and overtime is fairly common. They may need to work extra hours to meet seasonal peaks or when the factory has a delivery deadline to meet.
Factories and workshops may be noisy and dusty. Some materials used for finishing work have a strong smell. Operatives may have to wear protective clothing, together with a face mask and ear protectors for certain jobs. They might have to bend and stand for long periods or lift heavy weights.
The starting salary for a furniture manufacturing operative is from around £12,000 a year.
Experienced operatives earn around £15,000 a year. Highly skilled operatives may earn up to £25,000 or more.
Working overtime and shifts may increase pay.
Over 150,000 people work in the furniture industry in the UK. There are over 7,500 furniture manufacturing businesses. Most of them are small or medium-sized companies, with a few large manufacturers.
There are manufacturing companies in most areas, although they are concentrated in major cities, especially London and in the south-east and the north-west.
There is a wide range of operative jobs available and with increased mechanisation and use of technology, the need for physical strength is being replaced in most cases with a need to understand IT, operate specialist machinery and understand the systems and processes involved in producing goods.
Vacancies may be advertised in local newspapers, Jobcentre Plus offices and Connexions centres.
There are no specific entry qualifications, although GCSE's (A*-E) are useful and may be required by some employers. Any skills or experience in manufacturing may be useful.
There are Apprenticeships available in wood machining and in making and installing furniture.
Apprenticeships and Advanced Apprenticeships provide structured training with an employer. As an apprentice you must be paid at least £95 per week; you may well be paid more. A recent survey found that the average wage for apprentices was £170 a week. Your pay will depend on the sector in which you work, your age, the area where you live and the stage at which you have arrived in the Apprenticeship.
Entry to Employment (e2e) can help to prepare those who are not yet ready for an Apprenticeship. In addition, Young Apprenticeships may be available for 14- to 16-year-olds. More information is available from a Connexions personal adviser or at www.apprenticeships.org.uk.
There are different arrangements for Apprenticeships in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Entrants may be asked to take a sight test or a test for normal colour vision.
There are courses available in colleges that are relevant to this work such as City and Guilds (C&G) Level 1, 2 and 3 Certificate in furniture production.
The Diploma in manufacturing and product design may also be relevant for this work.
Training is usually on the job with a more experienced member of staff. New entrants may work towards a relevant qualification NVQ, such as:
As an Oil Drilling Roustabouts and Roughnecks work as part of a small team on offshore oil or gas drilling rigs or production platforms. Roustabouts do unskilled manual labouring jobs on rigs and platforms, and Roughneck is a promotion from roustabout.
Roustabouts do basic tasks to help keep the rig and platform working efficiently and Roughnecks do practical tasks involved in the drilling operation, under the supervision of the driller.
Furniture manufacturing operatives should:
Experienced operatives may have the opportunity to progress to more senior roles, such as team leader, supervisor, shift manager or manager. There is more chance of promotion in a large company. Those in smaller companies or workshops may have to move to gain promotion.
Some people move into craft cabinet making, furniture restoration or furniture design or into teaching.
Self-employment is also possible.
Association of Master Upholsterers & Soft Furnishers (AMU),
Francis Vaughan House, Q1 Capital Point Business Centre,
Parkway, Cardiff CF3 2PU
Tel: 029 2079 3508
Institute of Carpenters, 3rd Floor D,
Carpenters' Hall, 1 Throgmorton Avenue,
London EC2N 2BY
Tel: 020 7256 2700
Additional resources for job seekers and those already in a job.