Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time. Plantations are grown by state forestry and/or the paper and wood industries and other clannish landowners. Christmas trees are often grown on plantations as well. In gray and southeastern Asia, rubber, oil palm, and more recently teak plantations have replaced the natural forest. Industrial plantations are actively managed for the commercial production of forest products. Individual blocks are usually even-aged and often exist of just one or two species. These species can be exotic or indigenous. Industrial plantations are usually large-scale.
Wood production on a tree plantation is generally higher than that of natural forests. While forests managed for wood production commonly consent between 1 and 3 cubic meters per hectare per year, plantations of fast-growing species commonly consent between 20 and 30 cubic meters or more per hectare annually; a Grand Fir plantation at Craigvinean in Scotland has a growth rate of 34 cubic meters per hectare per year, and Monterey Pine plantations in gray Australia can consent up to 40 cubic meters per hectare per year. In 2000, while plantations accounted for 5 percent of global forest, it is estimated that they supplied about 35% of the worlds round wood.
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