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Unit 5 - World War 1 Cedar Robertson 1/5/12 Period 5 1914 - 1918
The “Powder Keg of Europe”• The area of the world that started the chain reaction of World War One was in the area of Austria-Hungary and Serbia (Europe).• The spark that led these countries into war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Ferdinand was a Royal Prince of Hungary, who was next in line for the Austro-Hungarian throne.• The ﬁrst two countries involved were Austria-Hungary and Serbia.
The Allies vs. The Central Powers Allies: Central• Russian Empire Powers:• Romania • German Empire• France • Austro-Hungarian Empire• Portugal • Bulgaria• Italy • Ottoman Empire• Greece• Serbia• Great Britain• U.S. joined in 1917
The Schlieffen Plan• The creator of the Schlieffen Plan was Count Alfred von Schlieffen.• This plan was to quickly invade, and take over France, before the Russians could assemble their troops and ascend on East Prussia.
Total War• Total war is when everybody gets involved in the war. Civilians become ﬁghters as well as targets for the enemy during war.• Stalemate was when both groups that were at war were in no position to win. In this case Trench Warfare.• Trench Warfare was fought in tranches that were many miles long that were ﬁlled with machine guns and artillery. This was a stalemate war because anybody who tried to advanced through the trenches were wiped out because of all the artillery.
Key Battles of World War 1 1st Marne: 2nd Marne:• Was fought on the Marne River • Was fought on the Marne River near near Paris, France. Paris, France.• The French and Britain fought • Germany was trying again to advance against Germany (Germany was on Paris but the French trying to advance on Paris). counterattacked.• The French and Britain ﬁnally • The French fought off the Germans in fought off Germany. the end.• This battle was important because • This battle was important because it Paris was a big location to take was the ﬁrst sign of the ending of over and it would have been bad if World War One. Germany took control.
Key Battles of World War 1 Gallipoli: Somme:• Was fought of the Gallipoli peninsula in the • Was fought on along the Somme River in France. Ottoman Empire.• The British and the French were ﬁghting against • France and Britain were ﬁghting against the Germans on the both banks of the the Ottoman Empire because the French and Somme River. Britain wanted to capture the capital of the Ottoman Empire and secure a sea route to Russia. • France and Britain fought Germany until Germany ﬁnally withdrew from• The Ottoman Empire fought off the French and the battle. British.• This war was important because if France and • This battle was important because a lot of people died during thing battle. The Britain had taken over the Ottoman Empire, British had lost nearly 420,000 men. Russia would be greatly supplied with everything The French lost about 200,000 men. they needed and that would have given the Allies a The Germans lost around 500,000 boost. men.
Key Battles of World War 1 Verdun:• Was fought in Verdun, France.• This battle was between the French and the German Empire.• The French won the battle when the French pushed the Germans off Verdun.• This battle was important for France because Verdun was a French fortress. If the Germans took over Verdun, it was a straight shot to paris. This battle is said to be the most brutal battle in World War One and possibly in the history of war.
Bolshevik Revolution• The Bolshevik Revolution was the overthrow of the Russian government. The Bolshevik were a democratic group that took over government.• This revolution occurred in 1917.• This revolution affected Russia because it forced Russia to sign a treaty with Germany, allowing Germany to end more troops to France and Belgium.
U.S. Entry Into The War• One reason for the U.S. entering the war was a distrust for Germany. Another reason was because the Germans were trying to persuade Mexico and Japan into attacking the U.S. after Europe was fully conquered, that way Germany could provide support for Mexico and Japan to destroy the United States.• The U.S. joined World War One in 1917, and were a part of the Allies.• Woodrow Wilson was President at this time.