Speed and Stream Line Shapes
Speed = distance divided by time
Distance = speed x time
Time = distance divided by speed
The more streamlined a shape is the faster it can go because it can cut through the air. For example a cone.
Carbohydrates- Gives us energy.
Fat- To keep us warm.
Protein- For Muscles.
Vitamins- to help your immune system and helps metabolic processes.
Minerals- Metabolic processes.
Fibre- Helps digestive system.
Water- To hydrate our bodies.
Glucose + Oxygen goes to Carbon dioxide + water + energy
C6 H12 O6+O2 goes to co2+H2o+Energy
Glucose and oxygen combine in the cells to make energy.
We use fat when were low on energy.
Aerobic respiration = presence of o2
anaerobic = absence of o2 which can make lactic acid.
-The Skull -Pelvis
-Jaw bone -Radius(front of arm bone)
-Shoulder blades -Ulna(Back of arm bone)
-Collar bone -Femur (thigh)
-Breast bone -Knee cap
-Rib cage -Fibula (front leg bone)
-Back bone -Tibia (back leg bone)
Joints give us support, Protection, movement and where blood cells are made.
Types of joints are: Synovial Joints:
- Ball + Socket- Shoulder Most joints are synovial and contain
- Hinge -Elbow synovial fluid and help lubricate.
- Fixed -Skull e.g ball and socket,gliding & hinge
- Gliding -Fingers joints.
- Pivot -Neck
Muscles are used to move our bones at joints. A muscle can only pull.
The two main muscles:
Bicep- is on the top of the bone.
Tricep- is underneath the bone.
When a muscle contrasts it goes short and fat. When a bicep contrasts the tricep relaxes.
Metals from metal orges
Metals come from rocks called metal orges.
- Malachite- Copper
- Galena- Lead
The Reactivity series
The reactivity series shows how reactive metals are:
1.Potassium 7.Iron 1.Please 7.In
2.Sodium 8.Lead 2.Send 8.large
3.Calcium 9.Copper 3.Charlie's 9.Crates
4.Magnesium 10.Silver 4.Monkeys 10.Secretly
5.Aluminium 11.Gold 5.And 11.Guarded
Copperoxide+Zinc goes to Zinc oxide + Copper
CuO+Zn goes to ZnO+Cu
because Zinc is higher in the reactivity series it goes to Zinc oxide + Copper.
Copperoxide+Magnesium goes to Magnesium oxide + Copper.
CuO+mg goes to mgO+Cu
because Magnesium is higher in the reactivity series it goes to Magnesium oxide+Copper.
Metal and acid reactions
Metal+acid goes to salt+Hydrogen
Magnesium+Hydrochloric acid goes to magnesium chloride + Hydrogen
Element made of 1 type of atom.
Mixture made of 2 types of atom not banded together.
Compound made of 2 or more atoms banded together.
In our bodys we have cells which is made of cytoplasm, the nucleus and the cell membrane.
Then we have tissue which makes the organ which is part of a organ system.
In a plant cell its different there is:
The cell wall The Vacuole Cytoplasm
The Digestive System-To break up food.
The Respiratory System-For breathing and the lungs.
The Urinary System
The Circulatory System-To get blood around the body.
The Nervous System-Controls the body.
Lungs and Breathing
Key Words: trachea,Lung,Intercosta muscles,Bronchiole,Bronchus,Alveolus,Diaphragm,Heart,Ribcage
Diaphragm contrasts down. Lungs forced down. air pressure is low
inside and high out.
Diaphragm contrasts up. Lungs forced up. air pressure is high
Alveoli and blood diffusion
Moist Lining-aids diffusion.
thin walls-Less of a barrier.
Rich blood supply-Lots of space.
Large surface area- more area for exchange.
The Vena Cava Aorta Pulmonary Vein
Pulmonary artery Tricuspid Valve Right atrium
Right ventricle left Ventricle Biscuspid Valve
The blood starts in the arm travels through the Vena cava into the right atrium through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle up the pulmonary artery into the lungs where blood diffusion happens. It then travels in the pulmonary vein into the heart and left atrium and out the aorta.
Effects of Smoking
Cigarettes contain Tobacco and nicotine.
Positive Effects are : helps to relax and it gets rid of hunger.
Negative Effects are:
- Lung cancer
- Highly Addictive
- Yellow nails
- Speeds up heart rate
- heart disease
- current travels around the circuit.
- If the circuit is broken the bulb goes off.
- If you add a second bulb the first bulb will become dimmer.
- With more batteries its brighter.
- The more components you add the more resistance there is in the circuit.
- When the power is equal to both bulbs.
- If one bulb goes off the other one will stay lit.
Day and Night
It takes 24 hours for the earth to make one turn on its axis, so a day is 24 hours long.
As the Earth spins we go from shadow to light back to shadow.Its night time in the uk when were facing away from the sun.
The Earth has the Northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere. The earth is tilted on its axis at 23.5 degrees,in summer the Earth is tilted towards the sun so its hotter. In winter earth is tilted away from the sun.heat is spread over a larger area so its colder.
The northern and southern hemisphere have different seasons at different times.
The Solar System
Comets,meteors and asteroids
Comets are made in a oort cloud. They are made ofmainly ice. They are 1km across in size and have a tail which points away from the sun.
Meteors- they are called meteorites when they hit the ground. made from stone and iron.Are heated by friction.Less than 100km in size
Asteroids-Move slowly around the sun and are smaller than 1km in diameter.They are big rocks.lots of asteroids orbit the sun.