|Edward I, King of England
16 Nov 1272 – 7 Jul 1307
Edward I "Longshanks" of England (b. 17 Jun 1239 Westminster Palace - d. 07 Jul 1307 Burgh-on-Sands near Carlisle).
m.1 (Oct 1254 Las Huelgas, Castile) Eleanor of Castile, dau. of Ferdinand III of Castile and his second wife, Jeanne, Countess of Ponthieu. Issue: 16
m.2 (10 Sep 1299 Canterbury Cathedral) Marguerite de France (b. c 1279-d. 1318), dau. of Philippe III [Capet] of France. Issue: 3.
"Edward I died at Burgh-on-Sands on 7 July 1307 on a campaign to Scotland. On 28 August, Edward of Caernarvon finally instructed English prelates to attend him in Northampton to discuss arrangements for his father's burial and his own coronation as Edward II.
The kings body lay in state in Waltham Abbey, the burial place of Harold II, before entering London. During the funeral procession between Holy Trinity, Aldgate, and Westminster the coffin was preceded by knights wearing the king's armor.
The coffin rested at St. Paul's and the Franciscan Church before arriving at Westminster on 27 October. The following day Edward was interred in the Confessor's Chapel to the west of the monument he commissioned for his father, Henry III, the exequies presided over by the bishops of Durham, Winchester and Lincoln.
The funeral was unrecorded, apart from a distribution of 100 marks to the poor. It was later claimed that Edward's heart, like his father's, was taken to the Angevin mausoleum at Fontevrault.
Edward's tomb was probably commissioned by Edward II or his second wife, Margaret of France, although it may have been instructed by Edward himself, who was sixty-seven years old when he died.
The 9 ft 7 in x 3 ft 7in tomb is a plain, Purbeck sarcophagus, formed by five slabs joined without mortar, with a Purbeck plinth. There is no effigy or tomb-chest decoration, and none was recorded.
Traces survive of the epitaph painted on the north side of the tomb during 1556-59 referring to Edward simply as the 'Hammer of the Scots': Edwardus Primus Scotorum Malleus. Pacum Serva 1308.
In 1774 Edward's tomb was opened revealing a 6ft 7in long Purbeck coffin, resting on rubble with a detailed description of his undisturbed appearance recorded that noted distinct facial marks thought to be battle scars."
|1207||b. 01 Oct 1207 Westminster|
p. King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence
1217 - 1221: King Andrew II of Hungary, Duke Leopold VI of Austria, John of Brienne in command.
|1228|| Sixth Crusade:|
1228-1229: Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II in command.
Louis IX of France in command.
|1254||m.1 OCT Eleanor, Infanta of Castile (1241–1290). surviving issue:
|1256||Welsh Rebellion: Welsh Revolt:
Llewelyn ap Gruffydd declares himself ruler of North Wales. Rebels against English.
|1257||Welsh rebellion put out.|
|1264-1265||Second Barons War|
Longshanks leads royalists. Simon de Montfort leads barons.
|1264|| Battle of Lewes|
14 MAY: Henry defeated. Taken prisoner by Montfort's army. "Longshanks" escapes.
|1270||Eighth Crusade: Louis IX in command.|
|1271-1272||Ninth Crusade: Edward leads Ninth Crusade. Brings Eleanor.|
|1272||Henry III dies 16 NOV. Buried at Westminster Abbey.|
|1274||Arrives in England 02 AUG|
Coronation: 19 AUG
|1278||Builds four castles at Wales:
|1282||Builds more castles to control Wales:
|1284||Statute of Rhuddlan: Wales annexed.|
|1290||Queen Eleanor dies. Edwards erects the twelve famed crosses.|
|1292||Balliol Crowned: John de Balliol crowned King of Scotland at Scone.|
APRIL: Balliol renounces homage. Edward responds with Berwick invasion. Battle of Dunbar breaks out. Edinburgh Castle is captured.
10 JUL: Balliol abdicates. Goes into permanent exile.
Edward steals Stone of Scone. Puts it in the Coronation Chair at Westminster Abbey. Stays there for 700 years.
|1296||First War of Scottish Independence begins. William "Braveheart" Wallace leads rebellion.|
|1298||Battle of Falkirk: Wallace defeated but escapes. Later caught.|
|1299||Second Marriage: SEP: m. Marguerite of France.|
|1305||Wallace Executed: Drawn and quartered in London, a martyred Wallace ignites Scottish nationalism.|
Robert the Bruce (1274-1329) rebels. Crowned king of Scotland.
Edward tries to invade. Dies on the way.
|1307||07 JUL: Edward I dies at Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland.
Not sure which source this is from but cites primary sources that should be investigated.
Footnote 1: "Faedera, i. 300. Edward... born at Westminster on the 17th (Paris, ed. Luard, iii. 539) or 18th (Annales Monastici, i. 112, 257; ii. 88, 1212, &c.) of June in the year 1239, and named after Edward the Confessor. He was knighted at Burgos 30 Dec. 1254 by Alfonso. See Add. Charter 24,804
For descent from William the Conqueror see: Richardson, D. (2013). Royal Ancestry, I:197 (m. Eleanor of Castile), 420, 479, II:118, III:32; Duffy, M. (2003). Royal Tombs of Medieval England, pp. 96-99
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