Factor Analysis of MRI-Derived Tongue Shapes Mark Hasegawa-Johnson ECE Department and Beckman Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Background The vowel sounds of English are classified in two dimensions: “high/low” and “front/back.” u High i e o ae a Low Front Back
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ECE Department and Beckman Institute
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
The vowel sounds of English are classified in two dimensions: “high/low” and “front/back.”
Tongue is composed of about 9 muscles (4 intrinsic, 5 extrinsic)
Finding: Two factors account for 92% of variance.
seem to represent
v1 = [a front]
v2 = [b high]
3D tongue shape during speech = weighted sum of 2-3 factors.
Shape of the factors t1(i), t2(i) is speaker-dependent. (??)
Linear Source-Filter Theory:
- Vowel Quality is Determined by Areas
- Area Correlated w/Midsagittal Width
Variation in 3D Shape May Not Have
a Shape Factor Basis
1. Recruit Subjects
2. Collect MRI Images
3. Segment the Images
4. Interpolate ROI to Create 3D Tongue Shapes for Each Vowel
5. Speaker-Dependent Factor Analysis
6. Speaker-Independent Factor Analysis
Inter-Molar Width (S. Pizza)
General Method: Avoid interpolation by modeling the measured data directly.