the genetic makeup of a person
ex. earlobes - homozygus, heterozygus, codom (recessive =attatched, dom. unattached)
how many pairs of chromozomes in a somatic cell?
23 pairs: first 22 are homologous[autosomes] the sencond sex chromozomes
sex cell formation
occurs in the testes and ovaries- these cells [haploid] have but one chromozome and don't until the sperm and egg come together
genetic material is exchanged between homologous cells = resulting in recombination a variation of the alleles on the XX or XY's
mitochondrial DNA is seperate from the cell and the cells rnergy source performing 600 function/sec.
DNA replication step 2
the seperation permits the exposed bases to attract unnattached nucleotides[free floating within the cell nucleus]
DNA replication step 3
the previous [parental] nucleotides serve as a template for the formation of the new strand [so the free floaters gotta match whatever phosphate,sugar,base combo was there first]
Protein synthesis 1
DNA unzips, mRNA transcribes the code then peels away and travels to the ribosome
Protein synthesis 2
the ribosome translates the coded mRNA in triplets[ codons-groups of 3 bases that code for specific amino acids
Protein synthesis 3
the TRNA carries the amino acids matching the mRNA codons that are being translated.
single stranded, different sugar U, can travel outside nucleus1 phosphate, 1 sugar R, ! of 4 bases [U-A,C-G
complex 3-D molecules- that can bond to other molecules- compsed of linear chains of amino acids