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CIVAL WAR PRISON CAMPS
Transcript of CIVAL WAR PRISON CAMPS
Alton Prison was a prison owned by the Union for Confederate prisoners. Established in Feb. of 1862 it was a real prison. Located at the former Illinois Penitentiary in Alton Illinois. The prison was overcrowded extremely fast, with up to three men in a cell, the cells were 4 feet wide and 7 feet long. The prison originally only had 24 cells. over three years 12,000 people died do to a small pox outbreak at the prison. About 10 prisoners dieing a day.
Anderson ville is a prison camp for the South. It is a very famous camp for being overcrowded, having a lack of food and water, and unsanitary conditions.
of the 45,000 people there, 13,000(around 30%) of them died. That's around 23% of all people dead in prison camps. Most people died of diseases like scurvy and dysentery. Prisoners relied on others for food and water to survive.
Rock Island Prison
Rock Island Prison was on a swampy island in the Mississippi River Davenport Iowa and Moline Illinois. The Prison covered 12 acres of land. Built in 1863 not yet finished but was put to use. 468 Prisoners captured in The Battle of Chattanooga. A total of 12,000 Prisoners were captured and put into the prison. 2,000 people died at Rock Island Prison, the bodies were buried outside of the prison but later moved and built a hospital for the sick. Building the hospital improved the health conditions alot and stopped the small pox
How the Camps Effected the War
Old Capitol Prison
Originally built as a tavern and boarding house in 1800. It was shortly used as the Capitol building when the real Capitol building was burned down in The War Of 1812. That is how it got the name Old Capitol Prison, the new Capitol building was ready to use in 1825. It is most widely known as the prison where Belle Boyd and Rose O'Neal were imprisoned. Many hangings took place in the gallows at Old Capitol Prison. Among them, the Lincoln Assassination conspirators, spies, political prisoners and Captain Henry Wirz (commander of Anderson ville Prison). The Prison was taken down and is now where the Supreme Court building stands.
Effect of Camps
A Union Soldier That Lived
Of the 620,000 people that died in the Civil War, about 56,00(about 11% of the casualties) of those people died in Prison Camps . That's more americans dead in camps than the Korean War, Iraq-Afghanistan War, Revolutionary War, Spanish-American War, War of 1812, and Gulf War combined. The bloodiest battle, Gettysburg, had about 51,000 casualties. The Prison Camps could be called the war's most lifetaking battle. The war's brutality shocked and terrified the nation. People were surprised that the two armies went as far as it went. The Prison Camps that scatter the North and South are an example of the chaos commenced in the civil war.
Salisbury Prison was the only Confederate camp on North Carolina, it was a 16 acre camp purchased by the Confederacy in 1861. The buildings on the camp were previously cotton factories, and other small buildings like a smith shop. A large amount of the Union soldiers there were captured from the first battle at Bull Run. Before the prison was over crowded it was quite comfortable with several ways to pass the time like playing baseball. Food and supplies were not much of a problem until late in the war when the prison got crowded. By the later years of the war so many people died that outside of the walls the gaurds buried the bodies in 220 foot long trenches, 18 full trenches were filled at the camp.
People playing base ball at the camp
The prison was in a fortress stye.
The prison layout
Camp Ford was a southern camp located about four miles away from Tyler, Texas. The camp was built by African American Slaves when the war began. Compared to other prisons, this one fared better than most. Of the 4,700 people there only 280 died. Once the Civil War ended, it was destroyed. Now instead of being a prison made of logs, its just a granite memorial maker designated to the camp.