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There is no doubt that the amount of electronic waste generated in the daily life of Chinese residents is huge. According to the data provided by the Development and Reform Commission, the output of TV sets, washing machines, refrigerators and air conditioners in 2003 is 182 million. It is estimated that 900 million units will be retained in the society and 28 million units will be scrapped. In addition, there are about 20 million computers and 250 million mobile phones entering the family, and the update speed of computers and mobile phones is much faster than other household appliances. It is estimated that about 5 million computers and tens of millions of mobile phones will be eliminated every year. And this part of electronic waste recycling path is complex, the source is dispersed, recycling is the most difficult.
Electronic waste, such as electronic products, circuit boards, small household appliances, computers and calculators, needs to be handled carefully. In some developing countries, the phenomenon of electronic waste is very serious. The environmental pollution caused by electronic waste threatens the health of local residents. There are many kinds of electronic waste, which can be roughly divided into two categories: one is that the materials contained are relatively simple and the environmental hazards are relatively light. Waste electronic products, such as refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners and other household appliances, as well as medical and scientific research appliances, are relatively simple to dismantle and dispose of. Another kind of waste electronic products, such as lead in computer and television picture tubes, arsenic, mercury and other harmful substances in computer components, and mobile phones, which contain more complex materials and are more harmful to the environment. Arsenic, cadmium, lead and other toxic substances with persistent decline and bioaccumulation in raw materials. The grade of metals contained in electronic waste, especially precious metals, is tens or hundreds times higher than that of natural deposits, and the recovery cost is generally lower than that of natural deposits. Research and analysis results show that 143 kg of copper, 0.5 kg of gold, 40.8 kg of iron, 29.5 kg of lead, 2.0 kg of tin, 18.1 kg of nickel and 10.0 kg of antimony can be separated from a ton of random collected electronic boards. There is great potential for the recycling of electronic waste.
After many years of technological research and development, aiming at the composition of electronic waste, a recycling solution with high value of recycling was designed. Ferromagnetic metal, copper-aluminium non-ferrous metal, plastic and other waste metal were efficiently separated from electronic waste.