57 Virginis is a orange to red giant star that can be located in the constellation of Virgo. The description is based on the spectral class. The star can be seen with the naked eye, that is, you don't need a telescope/binoculars to see it.
The Id of the star in the Yale Bright Star Catalogue is HR5001. HIP64725 is the reference name for the star in the Hipparcos Star Catalogue. The Id of the star in the Henry Draper catalogue is HD115202. The Gliese ID of the star is GL 503.3. The star was part of the original catalogue devised by German Astronomer Wilheim Gliese of stars located within 20 parsecs of Earth. Star Names
Flamsteed designations are named after the creator, Sir John Flamsteed. Sir John numbered the stars in the constellation with a number and the latin name, this star's Flamsteed designation is 57 Virginis with it shortened to 57 Vir.
The Gould star designation is one that was designed by American astronomer, Benjamin Apthorp Gould. Gould stars are predominantly in the Southern and Equatorial constellations but do appear in northern constellations such as Bootes and Orion. The star has the designation 124 G. Virginis. There are no stars with a Gould designation in Ursa Major for example.
BD number is the number that the star was filed under in the Durchmusterung or Bonner Durchmusterung, a star catalogue that was put together by the Bonn Observatory between 1859 to 1903. The star's BD Number is BD-19 3653.
More details on star alternative names can be found at Star Names .
The location of the star in the night sky is determined by the Right Ascension (R.A.) and Declination (Dec.), these are equivalent to the Longitude and Latitude on the Earth. The Right Ascension is how far expressed in time (hh:mm:ss) the star is along the celestial equator. If the R.A. is positive then its eastwards. The Declination is how far north or south the star is compared to the celestial equator and is expressed in degrees. For 57 Virginis, the location is 13h 15m 58.58 and -19° 56` 34.2 .
All stars like planets orbit round a central spot, in the case of planets, its the central star such as the Sun. In the case of a star, its the galactic centre. The constellations that we see today will be different than they were 50,000 years ago or 50,000 years from now. Proper Motion details the movements of these stars and are measured in milliarcseconds. The star is moving -114.86 ± 0.16 miliarcseconds/year towards the north and 303.48 ± 0.27 miliarcseconds/year east if we saw them in the horizon. The Radial Velocity, that is the speed at which the star is moving away/towards us is 34.20000 km/s with an error of about 0.80 km/s .
Luminosity is the amount of energy that a star pumps out and its relative to the amount that our star, the Sun gives out. The figure of 14.96 that I have given is based on the value in the Simbad Hipparcos Extended Catalogue at the University of Strasbourg from 2012.
57 Virginis has a spectral type of K1III. This means the star is a orange to red giant star. The star is 7,382.00 Parsecs from the Galactic Centre or terms of Light Years is 24,077.38 s. The star has a B-V Colour Index of 1.01 which means the star's temperature has been calculated using information from Morgans @ Uni.edu at being 4,830 Kelvin.
57 Virginis Radius has been calculated as being 4.71 times bigger than the Sun.The Sun's radius is 695,800km, therefore the star's radius is an estimated 3,276,961.82.km. If you need the diameter of the star, you just need to multiple the radius by 2. However with the 2007 release of updated Hipparcos files, the radius is now calculated at being round 4.67. The figure is derived at by using the formula from SDSS and has been known to produce widely incorrect figures. The star's Iron Abundance is -0.06 with an error value of 0.04 Fe/H with the Sun has a value of 1 to put it into context.
57 Virginis has an apparent magnitude of 5.21 which is how bright we see the star from Earth. Apparent Magnitude is also known as Visual Magnitude. If you used the 1997 Parallax value, you would get an absolute magnitude of 2.26 If you used the 2007 Parallax value, you would get an absolute magnitude of 2.28. Magnitude, whether it be apparent/visual or absolute magnitude is measured by a number, the smaller the number, the brighter the Star is. Our own Sun is the brightest star and therefore has the lowest of all magnitudes, -26.74. A faint star will have a high number.
Using the original Hipparcos data that was released in 1997, the parallax to the star was given as 25.68 which gave the calculated distance to 57 Virginis as 127.01 light years away from Earth or 38.94 parsecs. It would take a spaceship travelling at the speed of light, 127.01 years to get there. We don't have the technology or spaceship that can carry people over that distance yet.
In 2007, Hipparcos data was revised with a new parallax of 25.99 which put 57 Virginis at a distance of 125.50 light years or 38.48 parsecs. It should not be taken as though the star is moving closer or further away from us. It is purely that the distance was recalculated.
The star's Galacto-Centric Distance is 7,382.00 Parsecs or 24,077.38 Light Years. The Galacto-Centric Distance is the distance from the star to the Centre of the Galaxy which is Sagittarius A*.
The source of the information if it has a Hip I.D. is from Simbad, the Hipparcos data library based at the University at Strasbourg, France. Hipparcos was a E.S.A. satellite operation launched in 1989 for four years. The items in red are values that I've calculated so they could well be wrong. Information regarding Metallicity and/or Mass is from the E.U. Exoplanets. The information was obtained as of 12th Feb 2017.
|Primary / Proper / Traditional Name||57 Virginis|
|Alternative Names||HD 115202, HIP 64725, HR 5001, 124 G. Virginis, 57 Vir, BD-19 3653, Gliese 503.3|
|Multiple Star System||No / Unknown|
|Star Type||Giant Star|
|Colour||orange to red|
|Absolute Magnitude||2.26 / 2.28|
|Visual / Apparent Magnitude||5.21|
|Naked Eye Visible||Yes - Magnitudes|
|Right Ascension (R.A.)||13h 15m 58.58|
|Declination (Dec.)||-19° 56` 34.2|
|Galactic Latitude||42.56 degrees|
|Galactic Longitude||310.77 degrees|
|1997 Distance from Earth||25.68 Parallax (milliarcseconds)|
|127.01 Light Years|
|2007 Distance from Earth||25.99 Parallax (milliarcseconds)|
|125.50 Light Years|
|Galacto-Centric Distance||24,077.38 Light Years / 7,382.00 Parsecs|
|Proper Motion Dec.||-114.86 ± 0.16 milliarcseconds/year|
|Proper Motion RA.||303.48 ± 0.27 milliarcseconds/year|
|Radial Velocity||34.20 ± 0.80 km/s|
|Iron Abundance||-0.06 ± 0.04 Fe/H|
|Stellar Luminosity (Lsun)||14.96|
|Calculated Effective Temperature||4,830 Kelvin|