Periodontal disease, more commonly known as gum disease, is an infection of the gums that surround your teeth. It is virtually pain-free and therefore is a top reason for tooth loss in adult patients. In order to help prevent this from happening, your dentist will check for signs of gum disease by measuring the space between your gums and teeth during your regular checkup.
What causes gum disease?
- Plaque (a sticky deposit on teeth where bacteria multiplies), is what causes periodontal disease. When the plaque is not removed (flossing, brushing, and regular checkups) it continues to grow and build up. When the plaque builds up it can create toxins that target and damage the gums. Gum disease has two stages: gingivitis and periodontitis.
- Gingivitis – This is the first stage of gum disease. Some symptoms will be enflamed and swollen gums, and your gums will easily bleed. This stage is easily treatable and can usually be taken care of simply by brushing and flossing daily.
- Periodontitis – When gingivitis is left untreated it will generally advance into periodontitis. The gums and bone that support your teeth will become permanently damaged. Gums that become infected by periodontitis will become weak and cause teeth to fall out easily.
Treating Periodontal Disease
Depending on the severity of each case treatment for gum disease can include:
• At-home periodontal trays, and deep cleaning (scaling and root planning)
• Laser gum surgery and periodontal surgery
• Dental Implants