- 1 Arduino
- 1 diode for example 1N4007
- 1 NPN transistor for example 2N2222 (in the US) or BC548 (in Europe)
- 1 relay for example one with coil voltage 12V and switching voltage 125VAC/10 A
- 1 multimeter
Step 1: Measure the coil resistance
First we must find the coil:
On some relays the pins are labeled so you can just measure at pin 2 & 5.
Otherwise you have to measure at every pin:
Between two pins you should have between 100 and 10 000 Ohm. Remember that value. That are the two terminals of the coil. The coil is not polarized so its not important which one goes to V+ or GND.
If you have found those there are only three left. Between two should be a connection (if you measure a few Ohm its okay but everything above 50Ohm is too much). One of them is NC and one is COM. To find out which is which let one probe connected and connect the other to the pin that’s left over. If you connect the coil to 12V DC it should make a clicking noise. If your multimeter now shows a low resistance you have found COM and NO. The one probe you didn't move is COM the other is NO.