Hello Respected Researchers and HR managers, In this section we will discuss about “Group Decision-making Techniques and Improvement Techniques“. It is very much important for a Researcher as well as HR Concern person/ manager to know Group Decision-making Techniques and Improvement Techniques. If researcher or HR Manager could follow the Points accordingly,it would easier to reach the goal. Let’s have a look…
⊕ Group Decision-making Techniques:
⇒ A number of decision-making techniques can be employed by groups:
- Brainstorming: This technique is employed by groups with a view to overcoming the pressure to conform. When groups are brainstorming, a number of group members typically sit around a table, and many ideas are generated by the members. There are four primary rules to brainstorming: no criticism; freewheeling is welcomed; quantity is good; and people should build on each others’ ideas.
- Nominal Group Technique: This technique is one that is often used when there is conflict in the group, or when it has become almost impossible to make a decision because of diverse opinions. It restricts discussion during the decision-making process. The nominal group technique is often used in large groups that are broken down into smaller sizes of 5-7 people.
- Delphi Technique: Sometimes group members cannot meet face to face (for geographic or confidentiality reasons). The Delphi technique uses questionnaires that are answered by members of the group. A coordinator then summarizes the solutions and sends the summary back to the group members, together with another questionnaire. This process is continued until a clear course of action is determined.
⊕How Can We Improve Decision-making:
⇒ There are a number of things to consider when making decisions, either individually or as a group. Using creativity in decision-making is something that we need to consider as part of our day-to-day decision-making approaches. And the literature identifies five stages of creative thinking:
- Preparation: Through your day-to-day activities, you must move along a learning curve, and it is at this stage that you develop some sense of the complexities of your environment.
- Concentration: At the concentration stage, specific problems are identified, and contextualised as much as possible.
- Incubation: This stage is really the meat of the creative component, in that you must approach the problem from as many angles and directions as you can, in order to feel that you have exhausted all possible definitions. This is where brainstorming in a group really adds value.
- Illumination: Once you have a very specific idea of what the problem is, potential alternatives sometimes almost jump out at you. Other times, they emerge slowly, from further analysis. But in any case, it is at this stage that you really are putting the pieces of the problem/solution mix together.
- Verification: This is a post-problem solving stage, in that you are following up on your analysis and recommendations, to ensure that they were appropriate and have indeed met planned objectives.
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