Also known as UTI
A urinary tract infection (UTI) (also known as acute cystitis or bladder infection) is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract. When it affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a simple cystitis (a bladder infection) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as pyelonephritis (a kidney infection). Symptoms from a lower urinary tract include painful urination and either frequent urination or urge to urinate (or both), while those of pyelonephritis include fever and flank pain in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI. In the elderly and the very young, symptoms may be vague or non specific. The main causal agent of both types is Escherichia coli, however other bacteria, viruses or fungi may rarely be the cause.Source: Wikipedia
Within all the people who go to their doctor with urinary tract infection, 65% report having painful urination, 60% report having suprapubic pain, and 60% report having sharp abdominal pain. The symptoms that are highly suggestive of urinary tract infection are painful urination, suprapubic pain, frequent urination, and blood in urine, although you may still have urinary tract infection without those symptoms.
Patients with urinary tract infection often receive urinalysis, hematologic tests, complete blood count, intravenous fluid replacement, glucose measurement, kidney function tests, electrolytes panel and standard pregnancy test .
The most commonly prescribed drugs for patients with urinary tract infection include ciprofloxacin, bactrim, nitrofurantoin, levofloxacin (levaquin), phenazopyridine (azo), trimethoprim, cefixime (suprax), oxacillin, cefpodoxime, methenamine / sodium phosphate, monobasic, clofazimine, hyoscyamine / methenamine / methylene blue / phenyl salicylate and trospium (sanctura) .
Groups of people at highest risk for urinary tract infection include age 75+ years age 15-29 years.