The most significant car history began to be written in the late 18th century when the first experiments were carried out with vehicles powered by a steam engine. Among its first designers were Scott James Watson and Francis Nicholas Joseph Kinjo. The steam engine transported four passengers in 1769 and developed a speed of 9 km per hour. The beginning of the 19th century was under the dominance of steam engines, which gradually improved. The changes were made in the second half of the 19th century when designers began to make the first internal combustion engine. In the years from 1862 until 1866, Nikolas Otto developed an internal combustion engine. The development of today’s cars began in 1885 when Karl Benz patented his motorcycle triangle in Mannheim, Germany. The first journey by car was made by Berta Benz, wife Karl Benz in 1888, from Mannheim to Pforzheim. In 1887, completely independent of Karl Benz, the construction of a car began with Gotlib Daimler, who was working with the engine of the engine with Wilhelm Maibach. In 1897, Austrian Rudolf Diesel engineered the engine.
The first models
Ford Model T sedan from 1925 (Car Museum in Belgrade). This model was first manufactured in the world on assembly lines, which significantly shortened the time of car manufacturing. Mass serial production was carried out in Ford’s factories in North and South America, Europe and Asia. In total, it was produced in 15 million copies from 1908 to 1927, during which period it motorized the middle class in the United States and Canada. In 1999, he named the car of the century. (Ford T in Driving)
Zastava 750 (license Fiat) was produced from 1955 to 1985 at the factory Zastava Zastava in Kragujevac. In total, the world produced 4,9 million pipelines from that in Zastava 923,000, and during the production period, it motorized the middle class in the Mediterranean countries of Italy, Spain and the SFR Yugoslavia.
Starting an electric car
At the end of the 19th century, the first electric cars appeared. Competition between the steam engine, the internal combustion engine, and the electric motor lasts until the first decade of the twentieth century, when the internal combustion engine starts to start, although the energy car is twice as effective regarding energy transmission.
The characteristic dimensions of passenger cars
– The distance between the axis of a front and rear axle
– The distance between wheels of one axle
– The distance of the center of the tire’s impressions on the wheels of one axle. The distance between the front and rear axle wheels is, as a rule, different.
– The distance of vertical levels, which touch the front and rear of the vehicle.
– Width does not count the rear-view mirrors, gauge lights, and
luminaries, elastic parts, etc.
– The height is measured at the weight of the car ready for operation.
Period, front and last
– The distance of the vertical plane passing through the wheel axle from the furthest point on the front/rear of the vehicle.
Approach angle, front, and rear
– Determined at maximum load on the vehicle. It is the angle between the surface and the plane that tangles the tire and all the parts of the vehicle in front of/behind the axle are above it.
– The distance of the central part of the vehicle from the surface. Determined at the maximum load of the vehicle.