"Mi a neved?"
Translation:What's your name?
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The first is "How are you called?" (What are you called?) or, even more literally: "How do (they) call you?" Several other languages use this type of question, it is very common in Hungarian, as well.
The second one is literally "What is your name?"
You can pick your preference, they are practically the same in meaning.
Not sure. If I had to guess, I would say "Hogy hívnak?". But I would also guess both are mostly used by children, as many of us tend to learn to introduce ourselves as we grow older.
Now, when we introduce ourselves, what can we say?
- "XY vagyok." - I am XY.
- "A(z én) nevem XY". - My name is XY.
- "(Engem) XY-nak hívnak." - I am called XY. Literally: they call me XY.
You can even just say your name without anything else.
One more thing: when it is about things, not persons, the more common question is "(Ezt) hogy hívják?"
That "whatdoyoucallit" is "hogyishívják" in Hungarian. A synonym of it is "izé".
So would it also be: "sörem, söred, söre,..." etc.? How often do you see those specific suffixes? Of course i know that agglutination is very common in hungarian. But how common are those specific possesive suffixes? And if possessives vary depending on the word used, is there at least some regularity?
Söröm, söröd, söre, sörünk, sörötök, sörük. The vowel harmony for possessives includes a/e/ö endings. :)
The possessive suffixes are very common. I mean, you also use possessives in English all the time. "I need my jacket." "Where is your sister?" "The president of the United States." (Almost) everywhere you have a possessive relationship, you use these suffixes, especially third-person possessives, where you use "of" or " 's" in English.
Even when you just say that you "have" something, because Hungarian doesn't have a common word for "to have". It's rather "For me exists [something]":
- Nevem van! - I have a name! ("A name (that is mine) exists.")
What the possessive suffix looks like depends on the vowel class of the base noun, but it always ends with '-m' for "my", with '-d' for "your", with '-e' or '-a' for "his/her/its", and so on. The binding vowel, if needed, is usually the same as for the accusative suffix '-t', so there isn't too much extra learning involved. It's still challenging, though.
In total there are five different patterns for binding vowels, making the "my" suffix look more like '-m/-am/-om/-em/-öm':
The base word ends with a vowel, e.g. autó - autóm, autód, autója, autónk, autótok, autójuk (car) (Note that some of the suffixes would look different with different vowel harmonies, e.g. "csésze - csészéje" - "cup - his cup"; "szülő - szülőtök" - "parent - your (pl) parent".)
a-suffixes, e.g. ház - házam, házad, háza, házunk, házatok, házuk (house)
o-suffixes, e.g. bor - borom, borod, bora, borunk, borotok, boruk (wine)
e-suffixes, e.g. levél - levelem, leveled, levele, levelünk, leveletek, levelük (letter)
ö-suffix, e.g. sör - söröm, söröd, söre, sörünk, sörötök, sörük (beer)