- 23.1.1: Describe two functions of carbohydrates in living systems.
- 23.1.2: Carbohydrates make up about 2% of the mass of the human body, yet w...
- 23.1.3: What is the difference between saponifiable and nonsaponifiable lip...
- 23.1.4: ANALYZING RELATIONSHIPS Glucose is soluble in water. Why is cellulo...
- 23.1.5: EVALUATING IDEAS Carbohydrates make up 75% of the mass of dried pla...
Solutions for Chapter 23.1: Carbohydrates and Lipids
Full solutions for Modern Chemistry: Student Edition 2012 | 1st Edition
acid-dissociation constant (Ka)
An equilibrium constant that expresses the extent to which an acid transfers a proton to solvent water. (Section 16.6)
Hydrocarbons containing one or more carbon–carbon triple bonds. (Section 24.2)
A type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle and thereby transforms (or “decays”) into an atom with a mass number 4 less and atomic number 2 less. (Section 21.1)
The number of times the cycle of chain propagation steps repeats in a chain reaction.
Compound containing only carbon, chlorine, and fluorine.
A chemical reaction that proceeds with evolution of heat and usually also a flame; most combustion involves reaction with oxygen, as in the burning of a match. (Section 3.2)
A substance formed by addition of a proton to a Brønsted–Lowry base. (Section 16.2)
A bond in which two electrons are shared by two atoms. (9.4)
Protein that does not exhibit normal biological activities. (25.3)
Similarities between pairs of elements in different groups and periods of the periodic table. (8.6)
The process of forming a diazonium salt by treating a primary amine with NaNO2 and HCl.
A force that becomes significant when polar molecules come in close contact with one another. The force is attractive when the positive end of one polar molecule approaches the negative end of another. (Section 11.2)
Carbohydrates comprisedof two monosaccharide units joined via aglycosidic linkage between the anomeric carbonof one monosaccharide and a hydroxyl group ofthe other monosaccharide.
A compound containing an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms.
Heterolytic bond cleavage
Cleavage of a bond so that one fragment retains both electrons and the other retains none.
An SH group.
A reagent used for allylic bromination to avoid a competing reaction in which bromine adds across the p bond.
A particle found in the nucleus of an atom. (Section 21.1)
Shielding in NMR
Also called diamagnetic shielding; the term refers to the reduction in magnetic fi eld strength experienced by a nucleus underneath electron density induced to circulate when the molecule is placed in a strong magnetic fi eld.
A polymer with alternating R and S confi gurations at the chiral centers along its chain, as, for example, syndiotactic polypropylene
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