KAPAP – Israeli Krav Maga – Martial Art of the Holy Land
Combats and combative in the Holy land take to Bible times and first Jewish living in the Holy Land called today Israel
Jewish Combats with Roman times and before and Greeks or Hellenes
The Hasmoneans were the dynasty royalty Judith ruled in the land of Israel and some from the Hellenistic period in Israel , in the 2nd century BC to the first century BC .
On 29 November 1947, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a Partition Plan for Mandatory Palestine. This specified borders for new Arab and Jewish states and an area of Jerusalem which was to be administered by the UN under an international regime. The end of the British Mandate for Palestine was set for midnight on 14 May 1948
The names Land of Israel and Children of Israel have historically been used to refer to the biblical Kingdom of Israel and the entire Jewish people respectively.The name “Israel” often interpreted as “struggle with God” in these phrases refers to the patriarch Jacob who, according to the Hebrew Bible, was given the name after he successfully wrestled with the angel of the Lord. Jacob’s twelve sons became the ancestors of the Israelites, also known as the Twelve Tribes of Israel or Children of Israel. Jacob and his sons had lived in Canaan but were forced by famine to go into Egypt for four generations, lasting 430 years, until Moses, a great-great grandson of Jacob, led the Israelites back into Canaan during the “Exodus”. The earliest known archaeological artifact to mention the word “Israel” is the Merneptah Stele of ancient Egypt (dated to the late 13th century BCE).
The area is also known as the Holy Land, being holy for all Abrahamic religions including Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the Bahá’í Faith. From 1920, the whole region was known as Palestine (under British Mandate) until the Israeli Declaration of Independence of 1948.Through the centuries, the territory was known by a variety of other names, including Judea, Samaria, Southern Syria, Syria Palaestina, Kingdom of Jerusalem, Iudaea Province, Coele-Syria, Djahy, and Canaan.
Kapap – Israeli Krav Maga take us to same land around the years as 1900
From First names to be on records as Self defense and Martial arts
Moshe Feldenkrais was born in the Russian Empire. In 1918, he immigrated to Palestine.He worked as a laborer and obtained his high-school diploma from Gymnasia Herzliya in 1925. After graduation, he worked as a cartographer for the British survey office and began to study self-defense, including Ju-Jitsu. A soccer injury in 1929 promoted the development of his method in later years.
During the 1930s, he lived in France where he earned his engineering degree from the École Spéciale des Travaux Publics, and later his Doctor of Science in engineering at the Sorbonne where Marie Curie was one of his teachers. During this time he worked as a research assistant to nuclear chemist and Nobel Prize laureate Frédéric Joliot-Curie at the Radium Institute. In September 1933, he met Jigoro Kano, the founder of judo in Paris. Kano encouraged him to study Judo under Mikinosuke Kawaishi. Feldenkrais became a close friend of Kano and corresponded with him regularly. In 1936, he earned a black belt in judo, and later gained his 2nd degree black belt in 1938. He was a co-founding member of the Ju-Jitsu Club de France, one of the oldest Judo clubs in Europe, which still exists today. Frédéric, Irène Joliot-Curie, and Bertrand Goldschmidt took Judo lessons from him during their time together at the institute.
Krav Maga as a term appears from the fisrt time in the IDF in 1948 but in IDF dictunary oon 1965 it was not difined yet and its turn used after the KAPAP to difined Hand tO Hand
Krav Maga and Kapap are terms used interchangeably for the same body but not always same knowlwdge (techniques and drills) in the IDF for the entire decade 1948-1958
“Judo Shimushi ” – ” Practical Judo ” (Useful/Practical/applicable – Judo) was a term also used interchangeably with Krav Maga and Kapap.
A manual under the title of “Judo Shimushi ” Practical Judo “was published in 1947/48. The manual is dedicated to the memory of Gershon Kopler and Yehuda Markus. It attributes to them the compilation of this hand to hand combat body of knowledge, and organizing it under a methodical way of practice (I.e. systemizing it).
This manual served as the main reference book for all Krav Maga/ Kapap courses in the school for physical training, where all hand to hand combat instructors were trained , The manual sereved as the main reference until 1960 when a hand to hand combat manual titled Krav Maga was published.
The publication of the 1960 manual does not imply a change in the system or some revision. It is simply an indication that the name Krav Maga became the preferred term of use and that it was time to make a new manual reflecting the present state of Krav Maga or hand to hand combat in the IDF.
Kapap was developed in Mandatory Palestine by a group of instructors during the 1930’s and 1940’s. the main body of it was organized and taught . Kapap and KM are one and the same until at least 1958
The hand to hand combat curriculum was adopted in the most part from that practiced in the Palmach.
Hand to hand combat (Kapap) is a concept inclusive which first appeared among the defense forces of the Jewish community that is protection in 1940 and refers to the total subjects fighting with bare hands and weapons cold Bhtiitm combat – military, we had an application that is not sporty. Occupation This fighting is called Kappa “P. marked change in the attitude of the Haganah and beyond conception defensive as reflected in the concept of sports protective, aggressive approach. Sports Star of pre-term Kapap and was used during the second half of the 30s of the 20th century. It is difficult to value the term Kapap system as we understand it today methods of combat and certainly not to read historical Kapap martial art in the modern sense of this concept
Kapap formed professional practice guideline approach contained therein. These subjects were studied individually and together as a system integrated. This approach continued into the IDF in the 50s and was the basis of the method now called Krav Maga. The concept of Krav Maga and Kapap were used in parallel with respect to this profession in the IDF until the end of the fifties. Unlike methods of fighting and martial arts these days before the State did not have a headboard and a leading figure not one. Contents learned edited by teachers and counselors lead all professionals and have been prepared and developed over the years as a result of preoccupation with them. Total practical and methodological knowledge called Kapap and practice of systematically done during the 30s and 40s of the 20th century, especially in the Palmach and the IDF a decade later after the establishment of the State of Israel.
Although there is no way to apply Kapap an organizational structure similar to that practiced methods is now possible to identify key figures in various positions that led to the development of this area . Areas of activity encompass : practical training , content authoring and development of training methods , research didactic , management courses and training facilities , the creation of training facilities and training . discipline taught as part of Kapap : boxing , jujutsu ( judo acts ) , a knife , short stick ( those ) stick length ( in fact called ‘ stick trip or Indian method , and was based on French – British incarnation of the latter method Kana – French , without the knowledge of local guides ) , stone throwing and javelin ( Spear )
Modern Kapap is based on the principle of fighting Kapap historical and military incarnation and who for training Fighting face to face with their bare hands and using only basic tools. Kapap there are a number of approaches and to adapt it to the needs of each one: a man security forces, security guard person on the street and so on.
Before the state was Kapap teach youth movements in frames pre-military training and as part of the incentive to raise Haganah and Palmach.
Today Kapap with a stick taught amateur (non-professional), mountaineering camp of Working and Studying Youth, Education as a method for connecting members layer G motion connection between tradition and youth national protective agencies, past and present (IDF), and as a kind of ” reconstruction “of past youth
Key figures – First developers on the 1930 : Gershon Kofler , Yitzhak Stiebel , live Heinrich Cohen Emanuel Gil , Kurt Benjamin .
1940 added : Moshele Horowitz , Yehuda Marcus , Joshua Globerman , Akiva Atzmon , Amos Golani , Musa glow Finkel , Raphael Atlas .
Other prominent directories : Joe dove , heartfelt Solomon , Avraham Adan , Micha Perry , Uzi Nemirovsky , Paul Beaver , Imi Lichtenfeld , Giora Shanan , open Zaid , David Levy .
Moshe Feldenkriez RIP been also from first Israeli Martial Artist and post books and as Avi Nardia reserch KAPAP and visted in Mishel Horovitz RIP home in Heftziva Kibutz he was handed by Mishel Horovitz that was head Instructor for KAPAP to the Palmah in old days KAPAP and he show Avi Nardia few Manuel Books he used and than Been in used and Including the bok by Moshe Feldenkries Practical Unarmed combat and some how many forget to mention the name Moshe Feldenkries but reserch show he was a greta contributer to Israeli Martial Arts old days and modern days.as he said in his intervew many start training Jiujutsu and the guys that been hero just died during the combats as Gerson Kupler whom train 23 young team to go Lebanon for some comando attack and all lost including Gerson Kuppler RIP which was from Main KAPAP instructors in old days and form the words of Arie Tepler as been his student say for Gerson Kupler – I knew Only one brave guy name Gerson Kupler RIP , he was Sport and drill sargent in Austrian army before he immigrant to Israel and bring with him the knowlage for KAPAP as base for the Krav Maga in Hagana training he teach also walk on ropes and military wrestling
Some of Moshe Feldenkrize steps in Martial art and self defense
1918- at the age 0f 14 immigrant to Israel and lived for 6 month
1921- at age 17 start study Jiujutsu
1920 – 1930 Been part of Hagana on combats against Arabs
1928 Developing Self Defense system
1930 Publish Jiujutsu and Self Defense book
1932 Open Judo Club in France
1933 Meeting Gigaro Kano Judo Founder in Franceand start study Judo
1934 Publish in France language the Book Self Defense
1938 Publish Judo Book A.B.C Du Judo
1940 Escap from France to England and Start tecah in there Judo.
1941 Publish Judo – The Art of Defense and Attack
1942 Publish book – Practical Unarmed Combat
1946 teach team from Israel that come to UK study with him from Hagana
1948 Partner of opening Europe Judo Federation and voted to manager it
1952 publish Higher Judo book
Occupational battle face – to-face ancient roots among all peoples as did the Jewish people . Since the beginning of the new settlement in Palestine , at the end of the 19th century , Jewish settlers took defensive skills to attack Arabs .
Parallel to the development of the community and its various defense forces , evolved combat Occupational face – to-face . Practice it received a significant boost during the 30s of the 20th century , in the ” operating companies ” , a paramilitary arm of the World . Although this body does not belong to defense , actually is his command of David Ben – Gurion, Histadrut and senior Haganah . Can be attributed to the Great Arab Revolt decisive influence on professional development for face – to-face serve as a catalyst to formulate a defense force military community and offensive approach in fighting different defense policy of restraint for most of the 30s .
Establishment of the Palmach mobilized military arm of the defense was another stage in the evolution of Kapap. As part of this body were concentrated in the best guides combat professions face-to-face rows of defense and youth movements in Palestine, particularly “youth worker” and Hamahanot immigrants “.
Although the term Kapap first appeared in 1940, many of its contents were processed in the 30s in the “operating companies”, especially in boxing and jujutsu. Practice javelin received a boost during the Great Arab Revolt and established a special frameworks, such as police communities notarot Hebrews and the special night squads under the command of Orde Wingate. however short stick fighting method developed in the framework of the “immigrant camps”.
1941 is a key year in the development of Kapap . In January – February 1941 Kapap course is defending commanders and May of that year immediately after the establishment of the Palmach Kapap instructors course is this framework . Both of these courses are used in line and how to transfer content and promote the integration of subjects across the Haganah . Activity Hhg”m and Youth Corps helped this trend of assimilation and distribution of Kapap spread among youth in the community . Throughout the 40s held training courses and training Kapap very large scale . In the second half Kapap training to expand beyond the borders of the land surrounding them with the Cyprus detention camps and displaced persons camps in Europe .
With the establishment of the state , and the establishment of the IDF infrastructure protection organization has led occupation Kapap field of responsibility of physical training service under the command of Moshe Finkel glow . The service industry has become a physical training exercise at the beginning of the 50s of the 20th century and treated Kapap development , training manuals IDF troops and supervision of their work . During the ’50s , penetrating new concept using professional attitude combat and combat . At the end of a decade that is used to define these two concepts completely disappeared field use of the term Kapap .
on 2000 after No one used the turm KAPAP any more in Israel or out side Avi Nardia setting new self defense program to Top Israeli Counter Terror unit as the unit official instructor and as the unit recruit him to set new Hand to hand combative program and since his father Josef Nardia RIP been form first Israeli Paratroopers on 1950 and carry red wings from the only that allowed and all the history he studied from his father including the Old Judo styel tecah as under name ” Judo Shimushi ” Practical Judo and KAPAP Avi decide as respect and memory to all instructors that never been mention before in any Israeli Martial art web to memory them and call the new system KAPAP Israeli Krav Maga and he first reserch and bring the names first time to be heard as KAPAP and as all old days instructors and he meet Mishel Horovitz and hand him the new KAPAP Books and DVD in his home as close circle and honor to the old guys that almost all Israeli Martial art web site forgot and never mention in any web.
he biuld the KAPAP Federation on 2001 and start spread the system out side of Israel and later as from one school tecahing KAPAP its become like grass after rain…new schools and organiztions that Buy the dvd and books and ” Found KAPAP he decide to set all training under his name as he said hope no one can claim he is now the real Avi Nardia …and he teach Under Avi Nardia Academy KAPAP Israeli Krav Maga as also diferent traditional martial arts as Kendo Iaido Jido Judo Kenjutsu Aiki Kenpo Jujutsu BJJ under Machado RCJ as he said Im good Krav Maga instructor because my martial arts knowlage not because I was in Army.
today the KAPAP is world wide system