Osman I (died 1323/4) was the leader of the Ottoman Turks and the founder of the Ottoman dynasty. He and the dynasty bearing his name established and ruled the nascent Ottoman Empire.
In 1302, Osman led an army of Ottoman Turks in the Battle of Bapheus, fought just 50 kilometers to the east of Constantinople, and won a stunning victory over their Byzantine opponents, routing them from the battlefield and driving them north to the edge of the sea of Marmara. The defeat shocked the complacent Byzantines, who had already been struggling for decades to maintain a grip on the region.
- The database entry for the Ottomans incorrectly states that the Battle of Bapheus occured in 1301, when it actually occured in 1302.