Agriculture is and will be the mainstay of the country’s economic activity, and is also a major contributor to the nation’s GNP. To support this development, the Federal Government has heavily invested in research and development for this sector through the setting up of national research institutes, institutes of higher learning and federal research funding that cater for development of the agriculture sector directly. Indirectly this has contribute towards increasing the competitiveness of the agriculture industry. Generally it is considered that, in terms of agriculture productivity, the present national yields of most of our agriculture commodities have already peaked , and the sector has somewhat lost its economic competitiveness in the region. The way forward to maintain and sustain the competitiveness of the agriculture sector are to improve the economics of production and incorporate cutting edge technologies. In this context, agriculture biotechnology can provide a platform for the cutting edge techniques and technologies. The scope of agriculture biotechnology is quite broad, and it encompasses plant, animal and aquaculture biotechnology. Considering that the crop plant sector dominates over the livestock and aquaculture sectors in this country and forms about 80% of agriculture industry’s component of the GNP, it is prudent to confine the focus on plant biotechnology.