Families of Elements Lab Background information One of the most impressive and significant features of the periodic table is the appearance of vertical groups of elements, which form families. Elements that are in the same family (or group) form compounds that are similar in chemical properties. In this experiment, four unknown solutions will be added to Silver Nitrate to create compounds. Three of the unknowns are from the halogen family and one unknown is not. Your job is to observe the compounds to determine which solutions are from the halogen family and which is not. Hypothesis If I combine each unknown solution with Silver Nitrate then the elements in the halogen family will… Materials Chemplate Solution B Silver Nitrate Solution C Solution A Solution D Procedure 1. Using a chemplate, you will mix solutions in proportions ranging from 11:1 in cavity 1 to 1:11 in cavity 11. See below. 2. Add drops of silver nitrate and solution A as directed by the diagram above. Record observations in the first 3 columns of Data Table 1. 3. Rinse chemplate thoroughly and add silver nitrate and solution B in the same manner. Record observations in the first 3 columns of Data Table 1. 4. Rinse chemplate thoroughly and add silver nitrate and solution C in the same manner. Record observations in the first 3 columns of Data Table 1. 5. Rinse chemplate thoroughly and add silver nitrate and solution D as directed by the diagram. Record observations in the first 3 columns of Data Table 1. Data Compound Description of precipitate Which ratio produced the most precipitate? Silver Nitrate and Solution A : Silver Nitrate and Solution B : Silver Nitrate and Solution C : Silver Nitrate and Solution D : Analysis Questions 1. Which solutions appear to be in the same family? Why? Once you have completed the lab, compile your information into a formal lab report. All formal lab reports should have six parts in the following order: 1) Problem – should be stated in question form. Ask a question about what you want to find out. 2) Hypothesis – this is an educated guess. Using your prior knowledge, write a sentence stating what you think will happen. A hypothesis should also include a “If…then… because...”. 3) Materials – these are all the materials you used to complete the experiment and should be written as a list (not in sentences). 4) Procedures – a numbered list of the step-by-step directions someone can follow to repeat the experiment. 5) Results/Data –the information you obtained from doing the experiment. This information should not be written in sentences or paragraphs or with personal pronouns (I, you, we). Instead it should have numbers displayed in tables and/or graphs. 6) Conclusion – should be written in paragraph form. This is the section where you explain and interpret your results. You should, in this section, include the questions above AND answer questions such as: What does the data mean? Does the data support my hypothesis? If the data does not support my hypothesis, why? Is there anything I could have done to improve this experiment? Based on what I found out, what other questions can I ask?
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