|Numéro de publication||US7857834 B2|
|Type de publication||Octroi|
|Numéro de demande||US 10/874,785|
|Date de publication||28 déc. 2010|
|Date de dépôt||14 juin 2004|
|Date de priorité||14 juin 2004|
|État de paiement des frais||Payé|
|Autre référence de publication||EP1768586A1, US20050277928, WO2005122929A1|
|Numéro de publication||10874785, 874785, US 7857834 B2, US 7857834B2, US-B2-7857834, US7857834 B2, US7857834B2|
|Inventeurs||Paul F. Boschert|
|Cessionnaire d'origine||Zimmer Spine, Inc.|
|Exporter la citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Citations de brevets (52), Citations hors brevets (2), Référencé par (59), Classifications (9), Événements juridiques (3)|
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet|
This invention pertains to vertebral stabilization. Specifically, the invention provides intervertebral connection systems suited for stabilization of the spine.
The spinal column is a highly complex system of bones and connective tissues that provides support for the body and protects the delicate spinal cord and nerves. The spinal column includes a series of vertebrae stacked one atop the other, each vertebral body including an inner or central portion of relatively weak cancellous bone and an outer portion of relatively strong cortical bone. Situated between each vertebral body is an intervertebral disc that cushions and dampens compressive forces experienced by the spinal column. A vertebral canal containing the spinal cord and nerves is located behind the vertebral bodies.
There are many types of spinal column disorders including scoliosis (abnormal lateral curvature of the spine), kyphosis (abnormal forward curvature of the spine, usually in the thoracic spine), excess lordosis (abnormal backward curvature of the spine, usually in the lumbar spine), spondylolisthesis (forward displacement of one vertebra over another, usually in a lumbar or cervical spine) and other disorders caused by abnormalities, disease or trauma, such as ruptured or slipped discs, degenerative disc disease, fractured vertebra, and the like. Patients that suffer from such conditions usually experience extreme and debilitating pain, as well as diminished nerve function.
The present invention generally involves a technique commonly referred to as spinal fixation whereby surgical implants are used for fusing together and/or mechanically immobilizing vertebrae of the spine. Spinal fixation may also be used to alter the alignment of adjacent vertebrae relative to one another so as to change the overall alignment of the spine. Such techniques have been used effectively to treat the above-described conditions and, in most cases, to relieve pain suffered by the patient. However, as will be set forth in more detail below, there are some disadvantages associated with current fixation devices.
One spinal fixation technique involves immobilizing the spine by using orthopedic rods, commonly referred to as spine rods, that run generally parallel to the spine. This may be accomplished by exposing the spine posteriorly and fastening bone screws to the pedicles of the appropriate vertebrae. Clamping elements adapted for receiving a spine rod therethrough are then used to join the spine rods to the screws. The aligning influence of the rods forces the spine to conform to a more desirable shape. In certain instances, the spine rods may be bent to achieve the desired curvature of the spinal column. Some examples of such spinal stabilization systems are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,074,391; 6,488,681; 6,280,442; 5,879,350; 6,371,957 B1; 6,355,040; 5,882,350; 6,248,105; 5,443,467; 6,113,601; 5,129,388; 5,733,286; 5,672,176; and 5,476,464, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,129,388 to Vignaud et al. discloses a spinal fixation device including a pedicle screw having a U-shaped head rigidly connected to an upper end of the screw. The U-shaped head includes two arms forming a U-shaped channel for receiving a spine rod therein. The U-shaped head is internally threaded so that a set screw having external threads may be screwed therein. After the pedicle screw has been inserted into bone and a spine rod positioned in the U-shaped channel, the set screw is threaded into the internal threads of the U-shaped channel for securing the spine rod in the channel and blocking relative movement between the spine rod and the pedicle screw.
Surgeons have encountered considerable difficulty when attempting to insert spinal fixation devices such as those disclosed in the above-mentioned '388 patent. This is because the U-shaped heads of adjacent screws are often out of alignment with one another due to curvature in spines and the different orientations of the pedicles receiving the screws. As a result, spine rods must often be bent in multiple planes in order to pass the rods through adjacent U-shaped channels. These problems weaken the strength of the assembly and result in significantly longer operations, thereby increasing the likelihood of complications associated with surgery.
In response to the above-noted problems, U.S. Pat. No. 5,733,286 to Errico et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,672,176 to Biedermann et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,476,464 to Metz-Stavenhagen disclose polyaxial spinal fixation devices wherein the anchoring element fixed to the bone has a spherically-shaped head. The fixation devices in the above-identified patents also have orthopedic rod capturing assemblies for securing orthopedic rods in the capturing assemblies and connecting the rods with the anchoring elements. The spherically shaped heads of the anchoring elements permit movement of the anchoring elements relative to the orthopedic rod capturing assemblies.
There is a need for a screw head securing mechanism or device that provides a strong, effective, and secure lock of the screw head in its desired position. Additionally, there is a need for a screw head securing mechanism or device that is minimal in size and has a reduced amount of components to provide for a simpler, more effective, and less cumbersome device for fixing screws. Moreover, there is a need for a device adapted to more easily receive curved rods.
One inventive aspect of the disclosure relates to providing orthopedic fixation systems for securing a rod to a bone with means for receiving curved rods.
Another inventive aspect of the disclosure relates to orthopedic fixation systems that secure polyaxial anchors by providing substantially full rings of contact with the heads of the anchors regardless of the angular orientations of the anchors.
Yet another aspect of the disclosure relates to providing orthopedic fixation systems for securing a rod to a bone including receivers and seat structures mounted within the receivers, wherein the receivers and the seat structures include relative anti-rotation features.
It should be noted that, at various locations throughout the specification, guidance is provided through lists of examples. The examples are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention will now be described by reference to the several drawing figures. The functional features of the invention can be embodied in any number of specific configurations. It will be appreciated, however, that the illustrated embodiments are provided for descriptive purposes and should not be used to limit the invention.
In general use, a plurality of the fixation devices 10 are anchored to bones such as vertebral bodies 99 a, 99 b (shown at
The top seat 42 of the seat structure 40 includes two legs 43 defining a pocket 47. The top seat 42 also includes first and second raised rod contacting structures such as ridges 49 that are spaced apart from one another. Each of the legs 43 defines a recessed portion 45 in the interior surface 99 extending between the two ridges 49.
As illustrated in
The non-contact area 95, the recessed portions 45 between the ridges 49 and the location of the through-hole 97 are configured to facilitate seating of the bent rods by providing open regions for accommodating the curvatures of the rods.
The rod contacting structures 49 are adapted to form four separate contact areas 94 with a rod regardless of which way the rod has been bent. In this manner, the rod contacting structures 49 provide stability to any rod that has been seated on the top seat 42 regardless of the rod's curvature. Corrective manipulations may be done to the rod while the rod is at rest on the top seat 42.
As shown in
The bottom seat 44 of the seat structure includes an annular seating surface 44 a having a curvature that generally matches the curvature of the exterior surface of the head 23 of the screw 20. The seating surface 44 a faces in a generally downward direction and is adapted to provide a full ring of contact 80 (shown in
The receiver 30 includes two upwardly extending legs 38 between which the saddle 39 of the receiver 30 is defined. The saddle 39 of the receiver 30 provides an open region or pocket for receiving the rod 60. The legs 38 also preferably include fastening structure for interconnecting with the setscrew 70. For example, the legs 38 are shown defining interior threads 35 that mate with corresponding exterior threads 72 of the setscrew 70 to allow the setscrew 70 to be threaded into the saddle 39 to lock the rod 60 and screw in place.
The seat structure 40 is configured to be bottom-loaded into the receiver 30. When the seat structure 40 is bottom-loaded into the receiver 30, the seat structure 40 is prevented from being pushed upwardly through the top end of the receiver 30 by a stop structure 79.
The receiver 30 may include a keying feature 36 for aligning the seat structure 40 in the correct rotational orientation relative to the receiver 30 during insertion. The keying structure 36 can also limit rotation of the seat structure 40 relative to the receiver 30 once inserted. As used herein, the term “limit” can mean either prevent rotation or limit rotation to a certain range. In
In use, the setscrew 70 provides an axial locking force on the rod 60. When contacted by the setscrew 70, the rod 60 is caused to axially apply a force on the seat structure 40. The seat structure 40, in turn, moves to create a clamping effect on the spherical head 23 of the bone screw 20 against the ring 50 coupled to the bottom end 31 of the receiver 30. When the setscrew 70 is fully tightened, the rod 60 is locked between the setscrew 70 and the seat structure 40, and the screw head 23 is locked between the seat structure 40 and the retainer 50.
As illustrated in
The embodiments of the locking arrangements disclosed herein (e.g., the set screw 70 and the nut 270) are merely examples of types of locking arrangements that can be used. The locking arrangements can include any mechanism adapted to provide an axial locking force on the rod 60 to cause it to provide a force on the seat structure 40, thereby, causing it to move and create a clamping effect on the spherical head 23 of the bone screw 20 against the retainer 50. Example structures include lock nuts, screws, collars, plugs, sleeves, tapered sleeves, tapered plugs or other structures. Torque or non-torque locking mechanisms may be utilized for the orthopedic fixation system.
The rod seat 42 of the seat structure 40 is preferably generally U-shaped as shown in
To increase the contact surface and/or to vary the stresses between the bottom seat 44 of the seat structure 40 and the head 23 of the screw 20, the seat/spherical head interface may include various cross-sectional shapes. For example, as shown in
The various components of the devices disclosed herein (e.g., the receivers, fasteners, anchors, retainers and seat structures) can be made of any number of different types of biocompatible materials. Example materials include materials such as Titanium, Nitinol, Stainless Steel, Thermoplastic polymers, Thermoset polymers as well as other materials.
As shown in the various embodiments depicted herein, the anchors of the fixation devices have been depicted as bone screws. In other embodiments, the anchors can include hooks, pins, expandable anchors, barbed anchors or other structures.
From the foregoing detailed description, it will be evident that modifications and variations can be made in the devices of the invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that all modifications and variations not departing from the spirit of the invention come within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.
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|Classification aux États-Unis||606/269, 606/266|
|Classification internationale||A61B17/70, A61B17/86|
|Classification coopérative||A61B17/7011, A61B17/7037, A61B2017/867, A61B17/7032|
|5 oct. 2004||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: ZIMMER SPINE, INC., MINNESOTA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BOSCHERT, PAUL F.;REEL/FRAME:015220/0788
Effective date: 20041005
|25 oct. 2004||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: ZIMMER SPINE, INC., MINNESOTA
Free format text: CORRECTIVE RECORDATION - TO CORRECT "EXECUTION DATE" FROM OCTOBER 5, 2004 TO OCTOBER 1, 2004, ORIGINALLY RECORDED AT REEL 015220 FRAME 0788 ON 10-05-2004;ASSIGNOR:BOSCHERT, PAUL F.;REEL/FRAME:015290/0205
Effective date: 20041001
|28 mai 2014||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4