Education is a complex social, cultural and ethical process designed in a social or cultural context. It is very much related with social structures, cultural environments, values and ideals of people, society and the Government. These being dynamic factors because of which the definition of teaching has been changing along with time, place and society.
In brief a proper definition of teaching should-
(i) Identify whether teaching is a process or product
(ii) Clearly indicate its constitutional factors
(iii) Reveal objectives, and
(iv) Say something about its organizational and structural aspect.
1. According to Morrison, teaching is a disciplined social process in which teacher influences
The behavior of the less experienced pupil and helps him develop according to the needs and
Ideas of the society. Thus teaching is reduced to what teacher teaches.
2. Smith states that teaching is an organized system of specific activities aimed to help the learner
Learn something. Teaching may be carried out in the absence of the teacher. Smith further
Elaborated the definition. He considered teaching as a tripolar process involving-
(i) Agent or source producing learning which may be human or material,
(ii) A goal or target to be achieved, and
(iii) The intervening variables consisting of learning or teaching situation involving human or
Physical conditions and instructional methods.
3. Gage defined teaching as personal relationship between the teacher and the taught causing
4. Amidon considered teaching as a process of interaction between the teacher and the taught as
a cooperative enterprise, a two-way traffic. This definition considered teaching as a set of properly
planned and clearly defined activities undertaken for the achievement of certain objectives.
5. Clarke broadened the scope of teaching and included all those organized activities that may
Result in modifying the behavior of the learner.
The Nature of Teaching
If we consider its nature, teaching is
(a) Dynamic, Social and Humane. Teaching is not a fundamental concept because it is greatly influenced by social and human factors which are dynamic in themselves.
(b) Both, Art and Science. Teaching is both art and science. It calls for exercise of talent and creativity making it an art and involving repertoire of techniques, procedures and skills which can be studied systematically, described and improved making it science.
(c) Diverse in Application. In application, teaching is of diverse nature. It may have various forms as formal, informal, directional, instructional, formational, training, conditioning, indoctrination, talking, showing, doing, remedial etc.
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