|Gomez Perez Dasmarinas|
1865 - Miguel C. Malvar, future revolutionary general and patriot during the Philippine Revolution and Philippine-American War (1899-1914), is born in Barrio San Miguel, Santo Tomas, Batangas to Tiburcia Carpio and Maximo Malvar; future Gen. Malvar would be known in history as one of the last generals of the First Philippine Republic to surrender to the imperialist American forces, and the de facto President to succeed Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo when he later took charge as Commander-in-Chief of the Filipino army on July 13, 1901; Malvar will valiantly fight the invading Bald Eagle soldiers but owing in part to the horrific reconcentration campaign waged by the enemy, Malvar will eventually surrender because according to him, his "family and friends who have been accompanying me are all sick, suffering and hungry."
1972 - Less than a week after proclaiming Martial Law, Philippine President Ferdinand E. Marcos issues General Order No. 12 defining the jurisdiction of military tribunals created under General Order No. 3; in effect General Order No 12 enumerates the cases where military tribunals had exclusive jurisdiction or exercise jurisdiction concurrent with civil courts; Marcos had rationalized his declaration of Martial Law with the supposed "wanton destruction of lives and property, widespread lawlessness and anarchy, and chaos and disorder" fomented by seditious communist elements.
Photo credit: http://www.retrato.com.ph/photodtl.asp?id=FP00311