founded 1648 it was a formal institution based a rigid curriculum of compulsory instruction in theory and practice. There was a system of rules that laid down a method of tabulating grades for artists, past and present.
declared its independence from the Spanish Netherlands in the late 16th century. It established the Bank of Amsterdam and became the leading financial center on the Continent.
Hundred Guilder Print
because of his expertise with the new technologies, his etchings and engravings became a principal source of income for Rembrandt. His images of Biblical stories were very appealing to the buyers of the 17th century
a Dutch painter of the interior domestic scenes whose mastery of light and quiet placed him above the ordinary genre scenes of 17th century,
was a student of Hals and depicted herself as an artist, an important position for a woman
Poussinistes vs. Rubenistes
disagreement between the followers of Rubens and Poussin about the merits of rich textures, sensuous color and intense emotion(Rubens) and drawing, composition and emotional restraint(Poussin)
Psychology of Light
Rembrandt discovered he could manipulate the direction, intensity, distance and the surface of light and shadow to render the nuances of character and mood
a Dutch painter who was a master using subtle nuances of light and shadow and a unique interpreter of scripture
leading Flemish Baroque painter. In his work can be seen a synthesis of the of many Renaissance and Baroque painters especially Michelangelo, Titan, Carracci and Caravaggio. He was a smooth man of the world and diplomat.
title given to Louis XIV because he was an absolute monarch. "I am the State" all visual arts had to glorify the king.
describes paintings (particularly 17th century Dutch still life) that include references to death