Media Contact: Ron Walli
Snowy days on the decline during holiday season
OAK RIDGE, Tenn., Nov. 26, 2003 — It's looking and feeling a lot less like Christmas in many parts of the country as higher temperatures and fewer snowfalls are becoming the norm from Thanksgiving to Christmas Eve.
Looking at states that typically get snow, 197 of 260 weather stations have reported fewer days with snowfall since 1948, according to statistics provided by Dale Kaiser, a meteorologist in the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The survey looked at the 30-day period from Nov. 25 to Dec. 24 from 1948 to 2001.
The decrease in the number of snow days has been especially pronounced east of the Mississippi River, where 117 of 125 stations reported an average of five fewer days with snowfall.
"Five fewer days of snowfall over a 30-day period may not seem all that significant until you consider that, in many regions, snow days occur relatively infrequently," Kaiser said.
One region that is more wintry between the holidays, however, extends from the Central Rocky Mountain states (Utah, Colorado and Wyoming) eastward into the Central Plains (mainly Nebraska), where the number of days with snow has increased significantly.
"The area across the Central Rockies and Central Plains is the one part of the country that is bucking the trend, with a few stations in Utah and Colorado seeing nearly 10 more days with snowfall," Kaiser said.
Nationwide, taking into account only what scientists define as "statistically significant" data, 197 stations experienced declines in the number of days with snowfall while 63 stations had increasing trends. The statistically significant designation means there is a 95 percent probability that this trend did not occur by chance.
In the East, leading the pack with a trend of nine-plus fewer days with snowfall were Batavia, N.Y., with 12.5, Medford, Wisc., with 11.7, Dansville, N.Y., with 10.6, Towanda, Pa., with 10.3 and Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., with 9.3. Skipping down the list, other cities experiencing fewer days with snowfall include:
Columbus, Ohio -- 7.8
Indianapolis -- 6.5
Minneapolis -- 6.0
Philadelphia -- 5.2
Chicago -- 4.8
Washington, D.C. -- 4.3
Nashville -- 4.1
For many cities, the weather described by the data is actually what was recorded at nearby stations. For example, the weather for Sault Ste. Marie was recorded at Newberry while the weather for Washington, D.C., was recorded at Glendale, Md.
In the West, stations reporting trends of more snowfall days during the 30-day period were led by Provo, Utah, with 9.8 more snow days during the 30-day period, followed closely by Morgan, Utah, with 9.5 and, to skiers' delight, Dillon, Colo., with 8.3. Other cities experiencing more snow days include:
Cle Elum, Wash. -- 6.1
Hastings, Neb. -- 5.9
Salt Lake City -- 5.0
Boulder, Colo. -- 3.5
Stations in the East that showed significant decreases in snow days had an overall warming trend of 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit.
"We examined trends in temperatures at 613 weather stations," Kaiser said. "East of the Mississippi, many stations extending from Indiana to southern New England showed significant warming from 1948 to 2001.
"This is consistent with fewer snowfall days over this region and may be at least part of the reason for fewer snowfall days. West of the Mississippi, only a few scattered stations showed significant warming; however, many stations over the central Rocky Mountain states have cooled significantly for this 30-day period."
Kaiser cautioned against reading too much into the survey, saying, "Although this work shows real changes over parts of the U.S. in snowfall days and temperature for this 30-day period, this cannot be used to draw conclusions about changes in weather over the entire winter, nor do these findings necessarily relate to the broader issue of global warming."
The Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (http://cdiac.ornl.gov), which includes the World Data Center for Atmospheric Trace Gases, is the primary global change data and information analysis center of DOE. The center responds to requests for data and information from users all over the world.
ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle for the Department of Energy.