Endocrinology is a branch of medicine that concerns the study of hormones and its disorders. The endocrine system consists of several glands located in different parts of the body that secrete hormones. The endocrine disorders are a varied group of diseases that usually occur due to under functioning or over functioning of these glands. Diabetes, the most common endocrine disorder encountered in clinical practice, occurs due to decreased secretion of insulin, a hormone produced from pancreas, an endocrine gland.The common endocrine disorders are the following.DiabetesThyroid disorders- hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goitre, thyroid cancersObesitySexual disorders, erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism & reproductive endocrinologyMale infertilityHirsutism (Excessive facial or body hair in females)Polycystic ovary disease (PCOD or PCOS) and other female endocrine disordersDisorders of growth – Short Stature, Growth hormone deficiency & Growth hormone excessDelayed & premature puberty (delayed or early development of various secondary sexual characters in boys or girls)Osteoporosis (low bone density)Metabolic bone diseases - Vitamin D deficiency, Rickets, Osteomalacia, HyperparathyroidismPituitary disorders - pituitary tumors, raised pituitary hormone levels (e.g. Prolactin, GH, etc.), deficiency of pituitary hormones, diabetes insipidusAdrenal disorders - Adrenal tumors, Cushing’s syndrome, Pheochromocytoma, adrenal failureDisorder of Sexual Development - Small penis, hidden testis, genital ambiguity, gynecomastia (development of breast tissue in males), Turner’s syndrome, Klinefelter’s syndromeOther endocrine disorders- Insulinoma, neuroendocrine tumors, MEN syndrome, PGA syndrome etc.