Acne is a skin disorder resulting from the actions of hormones and other substances on skin’s oil glands and hair follicles. These things often lead to plugged pores and outbreak of lesions more commonly known as pimples and zits. Acne lesions basically occur on the face, back, chest, neck and shoulders. Thus acne is a term for plugged pores [blackheads and whiteheads], pimples and even deeper lumps [cysts and nodules] that appear in different parts of the body.
How does acne develop?
Acne is a disease of the pilosebaceous units [PSUs], which consists of sebaceous glands connected to a canal, called a follicle that contains a layer of fine hair. These sebaceous glands produce an oily substance called sebum that normally empties onto the skin through the opening of the follicles. When the walls of this plugged follicle breaks down, it starts spilling everything like sebum, bacteria and shed skin cells, thereby leading to lesions and pimples.
Factors that make acne worse
Although the exact cause of acne is still unknown, but doctors have a strong belief that they result from various factors. One of the main factors include sudden burst of androgens that occur more during puberty. The factors of acne include heredity or genetics. Children usually have a tendency of getting acne from their parents and often get affected due to usage of drugs like androgens and lithium.
However, there are several factors that can make acne worse:
§Changing hormone levels in adolescent girls and adult women
§Excess secretion of oil after using of skin products like moisturizers and cosmetics.
§Pressure from tight collars, tight sports uniform and backpacks
§Environmental irritants like pollution and high humidity
§Hard scrubbing of skin
§Squeezing or picking at blemishes
§Stress and anxiety
Types of acne
People suffering from acne can basically have a variety of lesions that can act as a detriment to the skin.
Following are the types of acne:
§Comedo – an enlarged and plugged hair follicle that mainly produces whiteheads
§Papules – inflamed lesions that usually appear as small pink bumps on the skin that can appear to be tender on touch
§Cysts – deep, painful and usually pus-filled lesions that can cause scarring
§Nodules – large painful solid lesions that are lodged deep within the skin
§Pustules – papules topped with white and yellow pus-filled lesions that are basically red at the base
How to treat acne?
Dermatologists normally treat acne but often you can use some homemade recipes to prevent severe acne. You should wash your face at least thrice a day with cold water and a mild cleanser. Using essential oils like lavender, chamomile, calendula, juniper and mint with almond oil on your skin will give effective results. You should also start adding zinc supplements to your diet and avoid caffeine, junk food and salty foods.
Other than these homemade recipes, you can also take prescribed medicines that contain benzoyl peroxide, salicyclic acid, sulfur, Azelaic acid, vitamin A, and OTC topical medicines to recover fast from acne.