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126. [PORTRAIT & CITY VIEW]. EDWARDS, W.
J[oseph]. (engraver). City of Houston in Texas, Samuel
Houston. [London, ca. 1842-1843]. Steel engraved
portrait of Sam Houston with small view of Houston, Texas
beneath. Overall measurement of oval print image with
title: 22.3 x 15 cm (8-3/4 x 6 inches). Oval portrait
surrounded by ornate engraving suggesting a frame, below
which is a petite city view of Houston within an
intertwined decorative border. Left: Engd. by
W. J. Edwards. Right: From a Daguerreotype.
This image appeared in The History of the United States of America; From the Earliest Period to the Death of President Taylor, edited by John Howard Hinton (London: Tallis, 1843). According to Dr. Kelsey's preliminary research on Texas engravings, the engraving is from a daguerreotype by Mathew B. Brady. "Beneath the portrait of Samuel Houston is the small image of the village of Houston. There is a large agave plant in the left foreground and a hill in the background. W. Joseph Edwards (flourished 1843-1864) was a London line, stipple and mezzotint portrait engraver. He exhibited in the Royal Academy and did engraved plates for a number of important English books. The British Museum owns several of his engraved portraits" (notes from Dr. Kelsey's research on Texas engravings). Though this early view of Houston is not so fanciful as that found in Matilda Houstoun's 1844 book, it does stretch credulity with its rolling hills, church steeples, agave plants, and charming village looking more like England than the primitive frontier town of Houston in the early 1840s.
127. [MAP]. FINDLAY, Alex[ande]r. Mexico &
Guatemala. London: Thomas Kelly, 1842. Engraved map,
original full and outline color, borders shaded pale
orange. 19.3 x 24.6 cm (7-5/8 x 9-3/4 inches). Scale: 1
inch = approximately 330 miles. Decorative border. Lower
right: Drawn & Engraved by Alexr.
Findley. Lower blank margin irregularly trimmed,
Texas is shown as an independent republic, outlined in red and colored pale orangein the extended Panhandle configuration, reaching aggressively beyond James Peak (nearly to Great Salt Lake), and sweeping up Santa Fe and much of eastern New Mexico in its wake. Kelly published maps between 1835 and 1843. The map is probably from an 1843 edition of Findlay's Modern Atlas.
GERMAN ARROWSMITH TEXAS MAP
128. [MAP]. FLEMMING, C[arl]. Texas.
Glogau, [1842-1846?]. Lithographed map, original outline
coloring. 40 x 32.4 cm (15-3/4 x 12-3/4 inches). Scale: 1
inch = approximately 65 miles. Inset map at lower left:
Plan der Galveston Bay (8.4 x 6.1 cm; 3-1/2 x 2-1/2
inches). Numbered key to 30 counties at upper right. Three
tiny pinholes at upper blank margin, otherwise a fine copy
of a handsome and important Texas map. Scarce.
This is the first German rendering of Arrowsmith's great map of Texas, here reduced by about a third. Arrowsmith's Texas map appeared separately and in Kennedy's 1841 book on Texas (Streeter 1373n & 1385n, describing respectively Arrowsmith's map and Kennedy's book; see also Martin & Martin 32 for more on the Arrowsmith map). Day, Maps of Texas, p. 37: "The map shows Texas and part of Mexico, rivers, mountains, towns, forts, counties, roads, locations of Indian tribes, panhandle divided into twelve sections." Thomas W. Streeter's copy of the second edition (1846) of Texas: Ein Handbuch für deutsche Auswanderer, first published in Bremen in 1845 (Streeter 1614), included a copy of the present German-Arrowsmith map.
The present map has an attributed date of 1842 in pencil on verso, and Day dates the map as 1842, but perhaps it was published a bit later. When I had this map in the past, I dated it 1845-1846. The later date would place the map more within the context of publication to coincide with rising interest by Germans in Texas. Phillips (Atlases 6097) does not list a separate map of Texas present in the Sohr/Flemming atlas published 1842-1844, nor does Phillips list a separate map of Texas in the later Sohr/Flemming atlases. This German Arrowsmith may well be a separately published map, and given the rising German interest in Texas at the time, publication as a separate would seem possible.
129. [BOOK]. [FOLSOM, George]. Mexico in 1842:
A Description of the Country, Its Natural and Political
Features; with a Sketch of its History, Brought to the
Present Year. To Which is Added an Account of Texas and
Yucatan, and of the Santa Fé Expedition. New
York: Charles J. Folsom, et al., 1842. 256 pp.,
lithographed map, original color (outline coloring in rose;
Republic of Texas in full yellow): Mexico and Texas in
1842. Published by C. J. Folsom, No. Fulton St.
cor. Pearl, New-York (22.8 x 25.4 cm; 9 x 10 inches;
scale: 1 inch = approximately 220 miles; lower leftLith.
of G. W. Lewis, cor. Beekman & Nassau St. N.Y.).
16mo, original dark brown blind-stamped cloth,
gilt-lettering on spine. Spinal extremities lightly chipped
(small, old repair at tail), some shelf wear (corner
bumped), occasional mild foxing and browning, overall very
good to fine, the map excellent, with good color
First edition. Eberstadt 162:301: "The last hundred pages relate to Texas from 1832 to 1842, and include the correspondence of Bee and Hamilton with Santa Anna in 1841 and 1842." Graff 1372. Plains & Rockies IV:86 & 91. Rader 1423. Raines, p. 83. Rittenhouse 694. Streeter 1413. Contains a previously unpublished narrative of the Santa Fe expedition by Franklin Combs, a seventeen-year old Kentuckian, one of the small group that included Kendall and Falconer, who had gone on the expedition as guests. This boldly colored little map shows Texas with a tall, wide Panhandle reaching to the Arkansas River. Though the Panhandle is wide, the outlining carefully retreats back to just east of Santa Fe. The southwestern boundary follows the Rio Grande and Pecos Rivers, relinquishing most of the Trans-Pecos West.
GREENLEAF ATLASWITH THE HANDSOME MAP OF TEXAS
130. [ATLAS]. GREENLEAF, Jeremiah. A New
Universal Atlas; Comprising Separate Maps of All the
Principal Empires, Kingdoms, & States Throughout the
World and Forming a Distinct Atlas of the United States...A
New Edition Revised and Corrected to the Present Time.
Brattleboro: G. R. French, 1842. [2, engraved title, with
over a dozen different styles of engraved letters] [2,
engraved contents leaf] 11 (gazetteer) pp., 65 engraved
maps, original full color, each measuring approximately
27.2 x 32.2 cm (10-5/8 x 12-5/8 inches), scales vary,
decorative line borders, restrained ornate lettering in
titles, including: Texas Compiled from the Latest and
Best Authorities (scale: 1 inch = 70 miles; upper
right: 64; Gulf shaded pale green). Folio,
three-quarter original dark maroon roan over black cloth,
red gilt-lettered label on upper cover. Joints cracked,
some staining to binding, shelf wear (especially at
extremities and corners), first two leaves and gazetteer
waterstained. Occasional mild waterstaining to the maps
(confined to blank margins). Complete copy, with the two
engraved plates of front matter, and all 65 maps.
Greenleafs atlas contains a handsome, large-scale map of Texas (Plate 64) that is elusive in commerce. Greenleafs Texas map has an early delineation of counties, with the individual counties colored. Two other maps in the atlas are of Texas interest. North America (Plate 29) shows Texas as an independent republic, as does The United States of Mexico (Plate 57). Greenleafs atlas came out in 1840; it was probably a revision of David H. Burrs 1836 Universal Atlas. There are some variations between the 1840 and 1842 editions of Greenleafs atlas, with an intermediate state (or states). However, the Texas map appears to be unchanged.
In discussing his rationale for including material in his bibliography of Texas, Streeter comments in the introduction to Part III (p. 330): "Examples of atlas maps not separately published, and so not included, are Texas from the Latest Authorities, scale about seventy miles to the inch, found in the 1842 Greenleaf Atlas." Day, Maps of Texas, p. 22. Phillips, America, p. 843; Atlases 784. It is a pleasure to offer the Greenleaf Texas map in a complete copy of the atlas. One final comment on Greenleafs map of Texas: We sold a copy in pocket map format in our Auction 6.
131. [MAP]. LIZARS, W. Mexico & Guatimala,
With the Republic of Texas. Edinburgh: Lizars, .
Engraved map with original outline coloring, Texas colored
in full, shaded border wash in beige. 41.1 x 49.9 cm
(16-1/8 x 19-5/8 inches). Scale not stated. Title within
simple decorated frame border. Statement beneath map title:
Note...The boundary between Mexico on the north and the
United States is a line drawn from Cape Mendocino, (Lat.
40° 28' 40") Eastward to the Rocky Mountains. Top
left: LXVI. Mines indicated by crosses.
Slight age-toning and light wear to blank margins.
This map appeared in Lizar's Edinburgh Geographical Atlas. Phillips, Atlases 782. Texas stands out on this map, being the only political entity in full color (pink), and is labeled REPUBLIC OF TEXAS. Texas is modestly delineated, with no Panhandle and with the southwest border between the Nueces and the Rio Grande. The Texas coast line stretches to the east much longer than in reality, making a distorted configuration, not quite like others we have seen before.
132. [MAP]. LIZARS, W. United States &
Texas. With All the Railways & Canals. Edinburgh:
Lizars, [ca. 1842]. Engraved map with original outline
coloring, shaded border wash in pale pink. 41.4 x 50.8 cm
(15-7/8 x 20 inches). Scale not stated. Title within simple
decorated frame border. Upper left: LXIII. Very
This map appeared in Lizars' Edinburgh Geographical Atlas. Phillips, Atlases 782. Even though this map is from the same atlas as the preceding map (Item 131), the cartographer has greatly improved the configuration of Texas. The Gulf Coast is shown more accurately, although Matagorda and San Bernardo are still too large. As above, Texas is labeled: REPUBLIC OF TEXAS, and here the Republic is outlined in red.
133. [MAP]. LORRAIN, N. Amérique
Septentrionale. [Paris, 1842-45?]. Engraved map,
later(?) outline color and shading. 26.7 x 37.7 cm (10-1/2
x 14-7/8 inches). Scale: 1 inch = approximately 500 miles.
Ornate lettering in title. Lower left: Jocquart
ainé Editeur. Lower right: Gravé par
Lale. Upper right: 20. Fine.
We have not determined the source of this map. Tooley (Dictionary of Mapmakers) has an entry for N. Lorrain Père (active 1845), noting that he worked for the Dépôt General de la Guerre and mentioning a map with this title. Texas is shown as a Republic and outlined in yellow, though the coloring may be later.
"TEXAS CUT DOWN TO SIZEA DIFFICULT FEAT EVEN IN 1842"GRAFF
134. [BOOK]. MAILLARD, N. Doran. The History of
the Republic of Texas from the Discovery of the Country to
the Present Time, and the Cause of Her Separation from the
Republic of Mexico. London: Smith, Elder & Co.,
1842. xxiv, 512 pp., lithographed map with original outline
coloring: A New Map of Texas, 1841 (42.3 x 37.8 cm;
16-5/8 x 14-7/8 inches; scale: 1 inch = 70 miles; legend at
upper right color keyed to boundaries; lower rightDay
& Haghe Lithr to the
Queen; compass rose; ornate lettering in title). 8vo,
original green blind-stamped decorated cloth, spine
gilt-lettered (neatly rebacked, original spine preserved,
corners renewed). Lower outer corner of book block slightly
shaved at very edge of leaves, occasional slight foxing and
an old ink stain to lower edge to book block with slight
bleeding into lower edge of about the first hundred pages
(about one cm maximum). Contemporary ink notation of price
on lower right title (3-1/2 Doll.). A very good copy
of a rare book, the map in excellent condition.
First edition. Basic Texas Books 134: "The most vitriolic denunciation of the Republic of Texas [comprising] a compendium of everything bad that could be claimed about Texas and Texans of those times." Graff 2663: "Texas cut down to sizea difficult feat even in 1842." Howes M255. Raines, p. 144. Streeter 1422: "Though this account of Texas has little value as a history because of Maillard's extreme bias, it should be included in Texas collections as an example of what can be said about Texas by one who hates it.... What wounded Maillard's ego during the six months in 1839 he spent in Texas is not known, but it has caused him to characterize Texas (p. 206) as 'a country filled with habitual liars, drunkards, blasphemers, and slanderers, sanguinary gamesters and cold-blooded assassins' and more to the same effect. Stephen F. Austin is referred to, at page 30, as 'the prince of hypocrites,' and James Bowie, at page 104, as 'monster'.... Incidentally, at page vi, Maillard speaks of himself as 'an impartial historian.'" Vandale 113. Maillard practiced law in Texas in 1840 and edited a newspaper there while writing this bitter denunciation of the new republic. The first third of the book is devoted to the Texas Revolution, using original material gathered from participants and presenting the anti-Texan viewpoint. See The Handbook of Texas Online (Nicholas Doran Maillard).
Streeter describes the rare and excellent map of the Republic of Texas: "The map is the best feature of the book, for among its classifications shown in colored lines are the political boundaries of Texas under Spain and the territory now 'absolutely in the possession of the Texians.'" The map is really quite wonderful, showing by means of outline coloring political, conventional, and natural boundaries of Texas. The map was created by the excellent British firm of William Day & Louis Haghe, Lithographers to the Queen (see Tooley, Dictionary of Mapmakers, p. 343). The Day firm, which permutated though several incarnations, produced some of the superior lithographs and engravings found in Plains & Rockies titles, and the firm made early use of the chromolithographic process to produce printed block color. This book is one of those strange anomalies in today's Texana market, in that the map is probably worth more than the book.
Maillard shrunk the Republic of Texas down to the tiniest area we have seen yet, Texas being confined to the coastal area reaching inland only as far as San Antonio, Austin, and Nacogdoches. The Nueces Strip, labeled Mustang or Wild Horse Desert, is labeled as territory that the Texians have claimed, as is the Trans-Pecos West. The vast majority of Texas has been given over to an area that the author labels TERRITORY OF THE TEXAN INDIANSa rather anomalous gesture for the period. The large Panhandle we have seen before is now designated as a territory named: SANTA FE FORMERLY NEW MEXICO. We sold a copy of this book in the Pingenot auction for $9,200.
135. [MAP]. SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL
KNOWLEDGE. Central America II. Including Texas,
California and the Northern States of Mexico. London:
Chapman and Hall, 1842. Engraved map with original outline
coloring and Texas shaded in full pale blue wash. 31.5 x
39.5 cm (12-3/8 x 15-5/8 inches). Scale: 1 inch = 120
miles. Ornately lettered title. Decorative line border.
Lower right: J. & C. Walker
Minor tear at lower border of margin,
The map was published in Maps of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Day, Maps of Texas, p. 37: "The map shows rivers, mountains, Indian nations, towns, creeks, lakes, roads, pioneer and trading routes, at least one fur depot, forts, 'supposed residence of Aztecs in 12th century' [Mesa Verde],...swamps, altitude above the sea in yards, population of few cities, few historical explorations, states of Mexico." Phillips, Atlases 794.
Wheat, Transmississippi West 460: II, p. 180: "Similar [to Morse and Breese] though better drawn. Here, however, the Texas border runs up the course of the Rio Grande all the way to a point west of the Spanish Peaks. Near 'R. Astley' is a legend 'Traversed by the Padres Escalante and Domengo [sic] in 1777,' and further south 'Traversed by the Padres Garces & Font in 1775.'" In an area in modern-day Colorado is text: Moquis have comfortable houses. Casas Grandes is located with a reference: Las Casas Grandes, Aztec Ruins (Garces 1773). Texas is shown with the wide Panhandle extending to the Arkansas River, and its western boundary as the Rio Grande, incorporating Santa Fe and Taos.
EASTERN BORDER OF TEXAS FINALLY ESTABLISHED
136. [GOVERNMENT DOCUMENT]. UNITED STATES.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE. Message from the President
[John Tyler]...Proceedings of the Commissioner
Appointed to Run the Boundary Line between the U.S. and the
Republic of Texas. Washington: S199, 1842. 74  pp.,
6 lithographed maps: (1) GRAY, A. B., Map of the River
Sabine from Logan's Ferry to 32nd. Degree of
North Latitude (16.5 x 21.6 cm; 6-1/2 x 8-1/2 inches);
(2) LEE, T[homas]. J. & P. J. Pillans, Sabine Pass
and Mouth of the River Sabine in the Sea.... (56 x 44.5
cm; 22 x 17-1/2 inches); (3) GRAHAM, J. D., Thomas J. Lee,
George G. Meade, P. G. Pillans, & D. C. Wilber, Map
of the River Sabine from its Mouth on the Gulf of Mexico in
the Sea to Logan's Ferry.... (87 x 18.1 cm; 34-1/4 x
7-1/8 inches); (4) BLAKE, J. Edmond, A.2. Part of the
Boundary between the United States and Texas; from Sabine
River, Northward, to the 36th. Mile Mound
(31.1 x 18.4 cm; 12-1/4 x 7-1/4 inches); (5) BLAKE, J.
Edmond, B.2. Part of the Boundary between the United
States and Texas: North of Sabine River from the
36th. to the 72nd. Mile Mound
(30.8 x 20.1 cm; 12-1/8 x 8-1/4 inches); (6) BLAKE, J.
Edmond, C.2. Part of the Boundary between the United
States and Texas; North of Sabine River, from the
72nd. Mile Mound to Red River (31.8 x 18.4
cm; 12-1/2 x 7-1/4 inches). 8vo, modern navy blue cloth,
brown leather spine label. Very fine, the maps
First complete edition. These maps were first published as separates the same year as the present government document. See Streeter 1438-43 & p. 239, where Streeter designates the rare separate issue version of these maps issued by the Joint Commission for Marking the Boundary as among the six most important maps for a Texas collection: "These six maps are most important in Texas history, in that they show the final boundary between Texas and the United States from the Gulf of Mexico to the Red River, resulting from the settlement of the boundary dispute between the two countries." Streeter 1432 & 1432A. Martin & Martin, p. 36n: "One of the most valuable sources of information for commercial map makers were the various official surveys and explorations undertaken by government groups.... One of the most important of these official productions during the Republic was the publication in 1842 of the report of the Joint United States-Texas Boundary Commission, which for the first time depicted the eastern border of Texas from Sabine Lake to the Red River, thus settling at last the problem of Miller County." There are differences between the two issues of the maps. The government document maps are generally on a smaller scale than the separate issue versions; the second map is on the same scale with slightly less area covered; etc.
RARE FRANCO-TEXANAWITH A TEXAS MAP
137. [ALMANAC]. CABET, [Étienne].
Almanach Icarien...pour 1843 [&] Almanach
Icarien...pour 1844 [&] 1845. Almanach
Icarien.... [&] 1846. Almanach
Icarien.... [&] 1847. Almanach
Icarien.... [&] 1848. Almanach
Icarien.... [&] Supplément à
l'Almanach Icarien pour 1848. Avertissement. Ce
Supplément à l'Almanach Icarien pour 1848 est
spécialement consacré à la description
du Texas.... [&] 1852 Almanach Icarien....
Paris, [1843-1852]. 8 vols. in 3, small, square 16mo,
contemporary plum calf gilt over marbled boards. In the
supplement volume for 1848 are 3 lithographed maps by
Piquenard (no scales stated): (1) Planisphère
terrestre (17.3 x 27.3 cm; 7-1/8 x 10-5/8 inches);
(2) États Unis (21.3 x 28.4 cm; 8-3/8 x
11-3/4 inches); (3) Texas (20.2 x 31 cm; 8 x 12-1/4
inches). Very slight shelf wear (minor chipping to spinal
extremities), a few minor stains and age-toning to text,
generally fine, the maps excellent except for a short tear
to Texas map at juncture of map and book block (no losses).
First editions (except for the Almanach for 1843, which is present in third edition) of a very rare French periodical with a map of Texas and documentation on the activities of yet another ill-fated utopian French colony in Texas. The Almanach Icarien commenced publication with its 1843 almanac. Not in standard bibliographies, other than Howes (C12) listing the supplement for 1848. The Handbook of Texas Online (Étienne Cabet): "Étienne Cabet, utopian socialist and founder of the Icarian movement, was born in Dijon, France, on January 1, 1788, the son of Claude and Françoise (Bertier) Cabet. He received his law degree in May 1812 and moved to Paris four years later to work for Félix Nicod, a wealthy and influential lawyer with links to the opposition to the restored Bourbon monarchy. Cabet also became closely associated with the opposition and embarked on a career of political and social activism that dominated the rest of his life. As a reward for his participation in the revolution of 1830, he served briefly as attorney general for Corsica and as a representative in the chamber of deputies. He soon became disenchanted with the July Monarchy of Louis Philippe and, in 1833, launched an antigovernment newspaper, Le Populaire. The increasingly revolutionary tone of this paper led to his going to England in 1834 to avoid a prison sentence.... By the time of his return to France in 1839, Cabet, who had been strongly influenced by Robert Owen and by Thomas More's Utopia during his exile, had written and produced two books, Histoire populaire de la Révolution française (1839) and the more famous novel, Voyage en Icarie (1838). The latter book, which outlined Cabet's plan for a perfect utopian community based on the principles of evolutionary communism, captured the imaginations of thousands of French craftsmen. Cabet believed that environment determined human nature and that people, whom he saw as perfectible and rational, would produce a perfect society when placed in a perfect environment.
"On February 3, 1848, sixty-nine or seventy of Cabet's adherents left Le Havre to attempt to fabricate such an environment on an expected one million acres of land near the site of present-day Justin, in southern Denton County, Texas. The land had been contracted by Cabet from the Peters Real Estate Company. But upon arriving at the site in late May 1848, the settlers found that only one-tenth of the anticipated land was available and that even that fraction had been allotted in noncontiguous half-section plots. Moreover, they found that they were also required to construct a house on each of their half-sections by July in order to obtain title to the land. Disillusioned and ill with malaria, the surviving settlers returned to New Orleans, their original port of entry in the United States. Cabet, along with another group of Icarians, left France and joined them in that city in December 1848." The Icarians later attempted to create a utopian colony at the town Nauvoo, Illinois (abandoned two years earlier by the Mormons).
138. [MAP]. COPLEY, C[harles]. (engraver). Map
of the United States, and Texas. New York: Harper &
Brothers, . Engraved map, later outline color wash.
45 x 57.9 cm (17-3/4 x 22-3/4 inches). Scale not stated.
Inset maps at right: (1) Vicinity of Boston; (2)
Vicinity of New York; (3) Vicinity of
Philadelphia. Old tape stain at left where
Texas in its truncated form, outlined in pink, is without its Panhandle and the Trans-Pecos. This map appeared in M'Culloch's Gazetteer (see Item 139 below). Phillips, America, p. 897.
139. [BOOK]. M'CULLOCH, J. R. & Daniel Haskel.
M'Culloch's Universal Gazetteer: A Dictionary
Geographical, Statistical, and Historical of the Various
Countries, Places, and Principal Objects in the
World...Illustrated with Seven Large Maps. New York:
Harper & Brothers, 1843-44. 564 + 565-1148 + 560 +
561-1109 pp. (printed in double column), 7 maps engraved by
Charles Copley, including: (1) The World on Mercators
Projection (46.4 x 51.5 cm; 18-1/4 x 20-1/4 inches;
scale not stated; inset maps of Canton River, Van
Diem's Land, Mouths of the River Hoogly, Island and Town of
Singapore, and Colony of Good Hope); (2) British
Possessions in North America, with Part of the United
States Compiled from Official Sources (30.4 x 62.6 cm;
12 x 24-5/8 inches; inset maps: Plan of the City and
Harbour of Montreal and Plan of the City and Harbour
of Quebec); (3) Central America and the West
Indies (31 x 50 cm; 12-1/4 x 19-3/4 inches; inset maps:
The Harbours of Port Royal and Kingston, Jamaica and
The Harbour and City of Havanna); (4) A Map of
the United States and Texas (45.2 x 57.9 cm; 17-3/4 x
22-3/4 inches; inset maps: Vicinity of
Philadelphia; Vicinity of New York; and
Vicinity of Boston). 8vo, 2 vols. in 4, contemporary
green morocco over green marbled boards. Bindings shelf
worn (one spine almost detached), maps with a few short
tears at junction with book block.
Among the seven maps is the single map listed in Item 138 preceding. Phillips, America, p. 897. Vol. 4 (pp. 913-16) contains an article on the "new and independent republic" of Texas, with information drawn from William Kennedy and Arthur Ikin, but seasoned with the editor's caution that some claims about Texas may be exaggerated. The Texas article, as well as the one on California, discuss the cattle trade.
RARE POCKET MAP GUIDE TO WESTERN RIVERS
140. [POCKET MAP]. MUNSON, Sam[ue]l. B.
A New Map of the Western Rivers. Or Travellers Guide
Exhibiting the Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio and Illinois
Rivers, with All the Principal Towns, Islands &
Distances. [Cincinnati], 1843. Pocket map,
folded into original 16mo stiff yellow patterned paper
boards. 62.1 x 85 cm (24-3/8 x 33-1/2 inches). Scale not
stated. Title in ornate flourishing letters. Distance table
at right. Upper right: Engraved by Thos.
Twitchell for Doolittle & Munson. Four pale stained
spots at third fold (each about 3 inches in diameter),
slight wear to fragile pocket covers, otherwise fine.
This finely engraved little pocket map for the traveler on western rivers is very rare. OCLC records only the Graff copy at the Newberry Library (not in Graff Catalogue). The Eberstadts (131:500) offered a copy of the 1845 edition for $125 in 1953. The engraving and drafting firm of Doolittle & Munson were active in Cincinnati in the 1840s; they created the map that accompanies Stiff's The Texan Emigrant (see Item 118 herein).
"THE FIRST REALLY ACCURATE MAP DEPICTING ANY PORTION OF THE TRANS-MISSISSIPPI WEST"
141. [GOVERNMENT DOCUMENT]. NICOLLET, I. N. [i.e.,
Joseph Nicolas]. Report Intended to Illustrate a Map of
the Hydrographical Basin of the Upper Mississippi River....
Washington: SD237, 1843. 237 pp., large folding
engraved map (by E. F. Woodward): Hydrographical Basin
of the Upper Mississippi River...in the Years
1836-...Reduced and Completed under the Direction of
Col. J. J. Abert...by Lieut. W. H. Emory from the Map
Published in 1842...1843 (92 x 78 cm; 36-1/4 x 30-3/4
inches; scale: 1 inch = ca. 10 miles). 8vo, disbound, text
block separated at pp. 18-19, otherwise very good, the
oversize map fine and crisp.
First edition. Buck 339. Graff 3022. Howes N152. Plains & Rockies IV:98: "This report contains details of Nicollet's 1839 expedition to the upper Missouri with Frémont." Schwartz & Ehrenberg (Plate 165), pp. 265-68. Wheat, Transmississippi West II, p. 180: "The great map of 'The Hydrographical Basin of the Upper Mississippi River' by the French scientist in the service of the United States, J. N. Nicollet...is of interest because with Nicollet was a young Lieutenant of Topographical Engineers, John C. Frémont, who in 1839 had experienced his first field trip under the tutelage of the old master; they ascended the Missouri to Fort Pierre, then crossed over northeasterly to descend the Minnesota and Mississippi rivers. The Nicollet map was 'reduced and compiled' by Lieutenant W. H. Emory, also of the Topographical Engineers. Of both these young men much will be said as this study of western American mapping proceeds."
Ralph Ehrenberg states: "The earliest accurate map of the eastern border of the central plains was based on systematic instrument surveys undertaken by Nicollet, a French mathematician and astronomer, between 1836 and 1840. Nicollet, who was employed as a civilian by the newly reorganized U.S. Army Corps of Topographical Engineers...initiated scientific mapping of the Transmississippi West by the War Department. Surface relief is conveyed by hachures (short parallel lines that depict degree of slope) and spot heights (elevation figures) based on hundreds of barometric readings taken by Nicollet and Frémont. Nicollet was the first explorer to make much use of the barometer in the North American interior. He was also one of the first to incorporate place names on maps based on systematic analysis of Indian and French place names" ("Mapping the North American Plains" in Mapping the North American Plains (edited by Frederick C. Luebke, et al.), pp. 197-98. In the same volume, John L. Allen ("Patterns of Promise: Mapping the Plains and the Prairies, 1800-1860," p. 5l) calls the map "the first really accurate map depicting any portion of the trans-Mississippi West." Donated to the Texas State Historical Association by Shirley & Clifton Caldwell.
142. [MAP]. SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL
KNOWLEDGE. North America. London: Chapman &
Hall, 1843. Engraved map (by J.& C. Walker), original
outline color and (later?) shading, border shaded green.
38.9 x 31 cm (15-1/4 x 12-1/4 inches). Scale: 1 inch =
approximately 250 miles. Fine.
This map appeared in the 1844 atlas, Maps of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Phillips, Atlases 1794. Texas is outlined in orange, red, and green and shown in the extended, wide Panhandle configuration, taking in Santa Fe and eastern New Mexico.
"LANDMARK MAP" (MARTIN &
143. [MAP]. EMORY, W[illiam] H. Map of Texas
and the Countries Adjacent: Compiled in the Bureau of the
Corps of Topographical Engineers; from the Best
Authorities, for the State Department, under the Direction
of Colonel J. J. Abert, Chief of the Corps, by W. H. Emory,
1st. Lieut. T. E. War Department 1844. W. J.
Stone Sc. Washn.. Washington, 1844.
Lithographic map, original outline coloring of Texas (in
tan). 53 x 83.1 cm (21 x 32-3/4 inches). Scale: 1 inch = 70
miles. Text at left (land and population statistics,
relative position of the Presidio of Rio Grande and San
Antonio de Bexar, and authorities that the cartographer
used). At upper right a table of areas giving limits of
Texas as defined by Republic of Texas Congress and U.S.
Senate resolution. Some infilling and repairs to blank
margins (affecting only lower left corner), a tiny hole
neatly mended, overall a very good to fine copy of a key
map in the cartography of Texas and the Southwest.
First edition, first issue (large-scale format) of the first map published by the United States government to recognize the boundaries of the Republic of Texas, thus recognizing Texas as a separate entity. One of two large-scale issues of Emory's map (the other is without the inscription W. J. Stone Sc. Washn.), for which no priority has been established. A small-scale edition came out the same year (see Item 144 next).
Martin & Martin 33: "The map...displayed the vast territorial claims of the Republic of Texas in relation to the whole of the American Southwest. First map to show correctly the full extent of the boundaries set by the Texas Congress on December 19, 1836, extending to the forty-second parallel above the sources of the Rio Grande and Arkansas River.... Little was known west of Austin although the Edwards Plateau was indicated.... Emory himself had never been to Texas and, consequently, he based the map not on actual observation but on information gleaned from the numerous sources available to him in the offices of the Corps of Topographical Engineers in Washington.... In fashioning a synthesis from these sources, Emory was often forced to reconcile conflicting information, and it was from this process that most of his errors stemmed. In one instance, he was unable to decide the proper location of the 'Prisidio de Rio Grande,' and therefore showed it in two places, with an explanatory note at the foot of the map.... Emory did not follow Arrowsmith on the position of El Paso; instead he used the Humboldt model. His displacement of the border town to the north by half a degree, as it appeared on the Disturnell treaty map three years later, was to cause Emory himself some difficulty when he served as Surveyor on the United States-Mexican Boundary Commission"; p. 37: "As the Republic period drew to a close, the United States Army saw the likelihood of a future war in the Texas region, and planning for that contingency, produced a landmark map. Compiled by William H. Emory of the Corps of Topographical Engineers, for whom this was merely the beginning of a long association with Texas and the Southwest [see Item 141 above], the map represented the best available topographical description of the region at the time of its publication in 1844."
Streeter 1543: "It is probable that the [present] large-scale map was issued before the edition on smaller scale." Taliaferro, p. 15n (designating Emory's map as important for its contribution to Texas geography as a whole and providing a "valuable record of the social and political evolution of the state during the crucial years when much of its territory was first settled by a population of European origin." Wheat, Transmississippi West 478 (describing the small-scale issue).
Texas appears with extravagant boundaries reaching beyond Santa Fe and almost to Frémont's South Pass. The enormously ambitious Panhandle includes over half of New Mexico and parts of Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, and Oklahoma. Delineation of the borders of Texas was a primary concern in the Congressional annexation debate. Congress in 1844 commissioned this map, which was the first recognition of Texas as an independent entity by the U.S. government. This map continues to accrue in value and interest.
SMALL-SCALE EMORY MAP
144. [MAP]. EMORY, W[illiam] H. Map of Texas
and the Country Adjacent: Compiled in the Bureau of the
Corps of Topographical Engeneers [sic] from the Best
Authorities. For the State Department, under the Direction
of Colonel J. J. Abert Chief of the Corps; by W. H. Emory,
1st Lieut. T. E. War Department 1844.
Washington, 1844. Lithographed map with original pink
outline coloring of Texas. 35.8 x 55.3 cm (14-1/8 x 21-3/4
inches). Scale: 1 inch = approximately 100 miles. Two light
stains (about an inch in diameter), a few clean splits and
tiny voids at folds (the only loss being about 1/8 inch of
the Mississippi River above St. Louis). Very good.
First edition, second issue, the small-format issue (see Item 143 preceding). "The order of priority of the issues cannot now be determined" (Streeter 1543B); the small format issue is more rare in commerce. See notes for preceding. Martin & Martin 33. Wheat, Transmississippi West 478 (describing this issue). For more on Emory's map of Texas, see also Robert S. Martin's essay "United States Army Mapping in Texas, 1848-50" (pp. 37-38) in The Mapping of the American Southwest (edited by Dennis Reinhartz & Charles C. Colley).
"GREGG MAPPEDFOR THE FIRST TIMETHE LLANO ESTACADO"
145. [BOOK]. GREGG, Josiah. Commerce of the
Prairies: or the Journal of a Santa Fé Trader,
During Eight Expeditions across the Great Western Prairies,
and a Residence of Nearly Nine Years in Northern
Mexico. New York: Henry G. Langley, 1844. xvi -320
+ viii -318 pp., 6 engraved plates, 2 maps, including
cerographic engraved map shaded in original green: A Map
of the Indian Territory Northern Texas and New Mexico
Showing the Great Western Prairies (31 x 37.5 cm;
12-1/8 x 14-3/4 inches; scale not stated; below neat
lineEntered according to Act of Congress in the Year
1844 by Sidney E. Morse and Samuel Breese....). 2
vols., 12mo, original brown gilt pictorial blind-stamped
brown cloth (neatly rebacked, original pictorial spines
retained). Shelf worn, upper hinge of Vol. I cracked (lower
hinge repaired), interior with moderate and occasional
heavier foxing. Pencil scribbling and drawing on pastedowns
and endpapers. The important map is in excellent condition,
crisp and with no tears.
First edition, first issue (with two maps and without the glossary and index) of a cornerstone book of Western Americana. Bennett, American Book Collecting, p. 91: "A key book of obvious importance." Dobie, p. 76: "One of the classics of bedrock Americana." Dykes, Western High Spots: "Western MovementIts Literature," p. 12 (first item listed in the section on the Santa Fe Trail) & "My Ten Most Outstanding Books on the West," p. 29: "The classic of [the Santa Fe] Trail and the commerce on it...authentic, entertaining, and natural...written by a man who spent nine years as a Santa Fe trader and who knew the trail, the varmints and plants along it, the Indians, and his Mexican customers. He kept a diary, and his carefully recorded notes were before him as he wrote the book. It has been source material for all the other books on the Santa Trail and trade." Flake 3716. Graff 1659. Howes G401. Plains & Rockies IV:108:1. Raines, p. 99. Rittenhouse 255: "If you can read only two books about the Trail, read Gregg and Lewis Garrard." Streeter, p. 328 (citing the book as one of the most important for a Texas collection) & 1502: "This classic of the Santa Fe trade...is of direct Texas interest because of Gregg's account of crossing the Texas Panhandle above Amarillo in the spring of 1839 and early months of 1840.... His discussion of the Snively Expedition of 1843...and his references to the Texan Santa Fe expedition make this an important Texas book as well as one of the great books on the West." Wheat, Transmississippi West 482 & I, p. 186: "A cartographic landmark."
"Conveying the impression of a well-populated region, the map must have whetted the interest of prospective traders on the trail to New Mexico. Finally, in a concession to geographic reality, Gregg mapped for the first time the Llano Estacado.... A blend of optimism and reality, Gregg's map was certainly one of the best of the southern plains before the Mexican War" (John L. Allen, "Patterns of Promise" in Mapping the North American Plains (edited by Frederick C. Luebke, et al.) p. 51 & Fig. 3.7.
The map is also important for the printing method used, cerography, a wax engraving medium introduced by Morse and Breese, the makers of this map. Cerography characterized American cartography for the next century. See Judith A. Tyner, "Images of the Southwest in Nineteenth-Century American Atlases" (p. 70) in Reinhartz & Colley (eds.), The Mapping of the American Southwest. Donated to the Texas State Historical Association by Shirley & Clifton Caldwell.
146. [MAP]. GREGG, Josiah. A Map of the Indian
Territory Northern Texas and New Mexico Showing the Great
Western Prairies. [New York, 1844]. Cerographic
engraved map shaded in original green. 31 x 37.5 cm (12-1/8
x 14-3/4 inches). Scale not stated. Below neat line:
Entered according to Act of Congress in the Year 1844 by
Sidney E. Morse and Samuel Breese.... A few tears
neatly repaired (mostly to blank margins, but occasionally
touching border). Mild to moderate foxing, generally very
good to fine.
This map came out with Gregg's Commerce of the Prairies (New York, 1844). See Items 145 and 159 herein.
147. [MAP]. HALL, S[idney]. North America.
London: Longman & Co., . Engraved map, original
outline coloring. 24.7 x 19 cm (9-3/4 x 7-1/2 inches).
Scale: 1 inch = approximately 600 miles. Very good.
Texas, outlined in green and yellow, is shown in the truncated form, without the Panhandle but with the Trans-Pecos. This map appeared in Samuel Butler's An Atlas of Modern Geography: A New Edition Reengraved with Corrections from the Government Surveys and the Most Recent Sources of Information.... (London, 1844). Phillips, America 604; Atlases 1792.
148. [MAP]. JOHNSTON, A. K[eith]. United States
and Texas. Edinburgh: John Johnstone & W. & A.
K. Johnston; Glasgow: Robert Weir, Lumsden & Son,
. Engraved map on heavy paper, original outline
coloring, borders shaded yellow. 49.9 x 61.5 cm (19-5/8 x
24-1/4). Scale: 1 inch = approximately 180 miles. Inset
map: Sketch of the River Niagara. Decorative line
border. Upper right: National Atlas 39. Lower left:
The Independence of Texas was formally declared in March
1836. It was recognized by Great Britain in
Novr.; and has been acknowledged by
the United States, France, Holland, Belgium. Two-inch
split at center fold and a few short tears at blank
This map appeared in A. K. Johnston's National Atlas of Historical, Commercial and Political Geography (1844). Phillips, Atlases 4323. The Republic of Texas, outlined in rose, is in a configuration not found in the previous mapsTexas has its western border at the Rio Grande and its northern border at the Arkansas River. A Panhandle reaches up beyond Pike's Peak.
149. [BOOK]. LAWRENCE, A. B. (attrib.). A
History of Texas, or the Emigrant's Guide to the New
Republic, by a Resident Emigrant, Late from the United
States...With a Brief Introduction by the Rev. A. B.
Lawrence, of New Orleans.... New York: Nafis &
Cornish, 1844.  vii-xxii -275 pp., engraved
frontispiece view of Austin: City of Austin the New
Capital of Texas in 1844 (10.1 x 18 cm; 4 x 7-1/8
inches). 12mo, original full calf, gilt lettered and
decorated, marbled fore-edges. Front joint cracked (but
strong), some shelf wear (edges rubbed, corners bumped ),
occasional mild foxing, the view very fine, except trimmed
by binder a bit close at top border (only slightly
First edition, third issue, with cancel title, and without the dedication leaf to David Burnet (first edition, New York, 1840; see Item 115 herein for a copy of the first issue). Agatha, p. 23. Basic Texas Books 1361B: "An important Texas book." Tyler (in preliminary survey on nineteenth-century Texas lithographs): "This 1840 view of Austin is probably the earliest eye-witness lithograph of the state [and perhaps] the earliest lithograph printed in Texas." Howes L154. Raines, p. 203. Streeter 1361B.
The engraving in the present book has some slight differences from the first issue (Item 115 herein). Some buildings have been added, and more people shown in the view. It is uncertain if the view in the first is a lithograph or an engraving. However, comparing the two side by side, the view in the first issue seems to have more qualities of lithography, while the present view is definitely an engraving.
150. [GLOBE]. LORING, Josiah. [Terrestrial globe
labeled]: Loring's Terrestrial Globe Containing all the
Late Discoveries and Geographical Improvements, also the
Tracks of the Most Celebrated Circumnavigators. Compiled
from Smith's New English Globe, With Additions and
Improvements by Annin & Smith. Boston Joseph Loring 136
Washington St. 1844. Boston, 1844. Globe's
sphere measures 12 inches diameter; 17-1/2 inches overall
height. Globe covered with engraved and colored paper
gores. Full mount four-legged maple stand with mahogany
horizon ring, maple stretchers. Fine.
On this handsome globe Texas is outlined in red as a separate Republic and is in the early Republic smaller configuration. The southwest border is the Rio Grande and the western border is the Pecos (without the Trans-Pecos region). This is an unusual cartographic format for Republic-era material.
The high quality of Josiah Loring's Boston globes won him many awards and high praise. During the eighteenth century, most globes in America were imported from England, and Loring was among the earliest pioneers in the commercial manufacture of globes in the U.S. In the 1830s Loring's globes were awarded medals and honors at the Franklin Institute, the American Institute, and the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association; the judges of the latter association commented on Loring's work: "The resolution with which the indefatigable maker of these globes has persevered, at very great expense, and with little expectation of ever being adequately remunerated, till he has overcome the many and serious difficulties in the way, in introducing a new branch of manufactures, and has brought every part of the work to a high degree of perfection, deserves unqualified praise."
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