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Earid at midnight.... Lychnidos was the antique name of the town, which probably means "city of light". In classical times the town was known by the old Greeks names ?????? (Lychnis) and ???????? (Lychnidos) and the Latin Lychnidus, which probably means "city of light", literaly "a gemstone that gives off light", from ?????? for " lamps, wearable light".
Polybius, who writes in the second millennium BC, describes the city as ????????? - Lichnidion. In the early Middle Ages it became the capitol of the First Bulgarian Empire and was often described by Bulgarian authors as Achrida (??????, ?????? or ?????). Around 879 AD the city was no longer known as Lychnidos, but was named Ohrid by the indigenous peoples, possibly from the Slavonic word vo jrid, which means "on the hill", since the old city of Lychnidos was at the top of the hills.
In Macedonian and other South Slavic tongues, the name of the town is Ohrid (?????). Albanian is known as Ohër or Ohri and Western Greece as Ochrida (??????, ??????) and Achrida (??????). Initial residents of the broadest Ohrid area were the Enchele, an Illyrian tribe, and the Dassaretae, an old Greeks who lived further east in the Lynkestis area.
They come to the conclusion that the fortress of Samuils was constructed on the site of an old fortress dating back to the fourth and fourth centuries B.C. During the period of conquest by the Romans in the late third and early second centuries B.C., the Dassaretae and the Dassaretia regions were referred to, as was the old Greeks town of Lychnidos (Greek: ????????).
Lychnidos, an old Greeks settlement, is connected with the Greeks legend of the Roman Emperor Cadmus, who was expelled from Thebes in Bohemia, where Enchele fled and established Lychnidos on the shore of Ohridsee. The Ohridsee, the old Grecian Lacus Lychnitis (Greek: ????????), whose extremely translucent water gave the sea its name in the antique times; it was still named so from time to time in the Middle Ages.
Archeological digs (e.g. the Polyconch Basilica from the fifth century) document the early assumption of Christianity in the region. Lychnidos was a bishop of several councils. South Slavs began to reach the area in the sixth c. AD. At the beginning of the seventh millennium it was colonised by a slavonic clan known as Berziti.
The Bulgarian Empire captured the town around 840. The name Ohrid first came out in 879. Ohrid School of Literature, founded in 886 by Clemens von Ohrid, became one of the two most important centers of culture in the First Bulgarian Empire. From 990 to 1015 Ohrid was the capitol and main town of the Bulgarian Empire.
From 990 to 1018 Ohrid was also the residence of the Bulgarian Patriarchate. After the Byzantine conquest of the town by Basil II in 1018, the Bulgarian Patriarchate was demoted to an archdiocese of Ohrid and subordinated to the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. After 1018, the higher class was almost always Greeks, even during the Ottoman rule, until the abolishment of the archdiocese in 1767.
In the early sixteenth centuries the archdiocese culminated with the subordination of the Sofia, Vidin, Vlach and Moldavian parishes, belonging to the former mediaeval Serbian patriarchate of Pe? (including the patriarchal monastery of Pe? itself), and even the Orthodox regions of Italy (Puglia, Calabria and Sicily), Venice and Dalmatia. However, the circumstance was changing in the eighteenth and eighteenth centuries when Ohrid became an important trading centre on an important trading road.
By the end of this twentiethcentury it had about five thousand people. At the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries, the Ohrid area, like other parts of Turkey, was a breeding ground for civil commotion. The Ohrid area became part of the Pashalik of Scutari in the nineteenth centuries, governed by the Bushati people.
In 1874, after the majority of the Ohrid bishopric's Christians had cast a referendum in favor of accession to the Exarchate (97%), the Exarchate took power over the area. By the end of the 18th and beginning of the 18th centuries Ohrid had 2409 homes with 11900 residents, of which 45% were Muslims, while the remainder was mainly Catholic and Orthodox.
According to the 1900 statistical data collected by Vasil Kanchov, the town of Ohrid was populated by 8000 Bulgarians, 5000 Turks, 500 Muslim Albanians, 300 Christian Albanians, 460 salmon and 600 Roma. Before 1912, Ohrid was a community centre adjacent to Monastir sandjak in Manastir Vilayet (now Bitola). Ottoman rule lasted until 29 November 1912, when the Serb military took power over the town, which was founded as the Ohrid Countyapital.
During the First World War it was invaded by the Kingdom of Bulgaria. During the Kingdom of Yugoslavia Ohrid remained as an autonomous county (????????? ??????) (1918-1922), then it became part of the Bitola area (1920-1929), and from 1929 to 1941 Ohrid belonged to the Vardar Banovina area.
Ohrid has been the communal headquarters of the community of Ohrid since the SFR Yugoslavia was founded (??????? ?????). The town is situated in the south-western part of Macedonia, on the shores of Lake Ohrid, at an altitude of 695 metres above sealevel. The Ohrid has a Mediterranean temperate zone (Köppen: Csa), which is tempered by its altitude, since the average warm temperatures of the hottest months are just over 22°C and each summermonth gets less than 40 millimeters of rain.
At that time the following was the constellation of the city: Evliya Çelebi, an Ottoman traveller from the seventeenth centuries, observes that there were 365 shrines within the borders of the Ottoman Empire, one for each of the days of the year. It is not only a sacred centre of the area, but also the spring of wisdom and pan-Slavic education.
Plao?nik's renovated monastery was actually one of the oldest university in the West, built before the end of the XVIIIth century. It is also the home of Vila Biljana, the Macedonian Prime Minister's formal residency. In the vicinity there is an internationally operating aerodrome, the Ohrid Aerodrome (today "St. Paul the Apostle"), which is open all year round.
GRP Ohrid Lihnidos is a sports club that plays in the SRC Biljanini Izvori in town. The RK Ohrid is a hand ball club that plays in the SRC Biljanini Izvori Marina Sports Centre with a total seating of 2,500. Ohrid Marathon is an open air swim marathon that always takes place in the lake Ohrid.
Schwimmers will float 30 km from Saint Naum Abbey to Ohrid harbour. Earid's a partner: "and Macedonia in the Cathedral Church of St. Sofia in Jerusalem, Macedonia - Ohrid..." Greek and Roman geography dictionary. Ohrid Holiday, Travel, Tourism, Ohrid Community Website - Ohrid Municipality. www.ohrid.com.mk.
Cambridge's Ancient Story - The Greek World Expand, Eighth to Sixth Centuries B.C. Part 3: Band 3, p. 284. Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992,ISBN 978-0-631-19807-9,page 98, "the Illyrian Enchele, the'Aalmänner', whose name refers to a place near Lake Ohrid" ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992,ISBN 978-0-631-19807-9,Page 99:"... 99 Win would be yours if they got Cadmus as queen.
Once this had happened as predicted, Cadmus and Harmonia reigned over them and established the cities of Bouthoe (Budva) and Lychnidus (Ohrid)...". Dimitar Bechev, Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Scarecrow Press, 2009, ISBN 0810862956, p. xx. Almanac of the old hermit of Edward Hays, 1997, ISBN 978-0-939516-37-7, page 82: "... He has informed Samuel, the sovereign of the bulgarian capitol Ohrid, that he has returned 15,000 of his POWs.
Paul Robert Magocsi, Historical Atlas of Central Europe, (University of Washington Press, 2002), 10th ed. UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Site for World Cultural and Natural Heritage Travellers, Ohrid area. Skopje, story of the people of Macedonia: oclc 276645834, recalled on 26 December 2011, deported to Istanbul the Archbishop of Ohrid, Dorotei, 1466, along with other officials and polyars who were probably abroad for their anti-Ottoman actions during the Skender-Bey uprising.
The national question in Southeast Europe: Formation, emergence and development of Albanian national identity in Kosovo and Macedonia. World Weather Information Services - Ohrid, Macedonia. The toponymastikata na Ohridsko-Prespanskiot cazen. Publications and information in Ohrid, Europe - ohrid". 2009 Information services of the city of Kragujevac.