Smooth hyaline cartilage. Absorbs compression placed on the joint and keeps the bone ends from being crushed.
A two layered capsule that encloses a joint. made of a fibrous capsule and a synovial membrane.
Fibrous capsule, synovial membrane
What are the two layers of an articular capsule?
Part of the articular capsule, it is composed of dense irregular connective tissue. Strengthens the joints so that the bones are not pulled apart.
Part of the articular capsule, it is composed of loose connective tissue. It covers all internal joint surfaces that are not hyaline cartilage
Fluid that occupies all free spaces within the joint capsule.
Reinforcing ligaments found deep to the capsule of a synovial joint.
Reinforcing ligaments found outside the capsule of a synovial joint
Found in some synovial joints, it is discs or wedges of fibrocartilage separating the articular surfaces. Improve the fit betwen articulating bone ends, making the joint more stable and minimizing wear and tear
It is a flattened fibrous sac lined with synovial membrane and containing a thin film of synovial fluid. Occur where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together.
An elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon subjected to friction
articular surfaces, ligaments, muscle tone
What are the stabilizing factors of synovial joints?
Where a muscle is attached to the immovable bone
Where the muscle is attached to the movable bone. Moves towards the origin.
Slipping movement only, no axis.
Movement in one plane
Movement in two planes
Movement in three or more planes
A joint injury that typically occurs when a meniscus is subjected to compression and shear stress at the same time. Can be helped by arthroscopic surgery
A joint injury where the ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn.
A joint injury where the bones are forced out of alignment
A joint injury where there is inflammation of the bursa and is usually caused bya blow or friction
A joint injury where inflammation of tendon sheaths, typically caused by overuse.
Over 100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage the joints.
Most common chronic arthritis. May reflect the cumulative effects of years of compression and abrasion acting at joint surfaces, causing excessive amounts of the cartilage destroying enzymes to be released.
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the joints. An autoimmune disease. Inflammation of the synovial membrane of the affected joints. Inflamed synovial membrane thickens into a panus
WHen uric acid rise excessively, it may be deposited as needle shaped urate crystals in the soft tissues of the joints, causing inflammation of the joints.
A joint disease caused by spirochete bacteria transmitted by the bites of ticks tat live on mice and deer. Often results in joint pain and arthritis