Natural and Synthetic Layered Pb(II) Oxyhalides
Lead oxyhalides occur under variety of natural and technological conditions. They can be found as secondary minerals in oxidation zones of mineral deposits. For instance, Merehead quarry in England is the famous place for many findings of lead oxyhalides first described in 1923 by Spencer and Mountain (1923). Genesis of these deposits is still a topic of discussions. The most recent version points out that galena deposits were emplaced into limestones during the Triassic period (Turner 2006). Afterwards, they were locally exposed to the action of seawater. Oxidation of galena initiated deposition of manganate minerals from the seawater as well as adsorption of heavy metals from both seawater and local environment.
This work was financially supported by Russian President grant (MК-1645.2009.5), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DE 412/45-1) and Russian Federal Programme “Scientific Cadres for Innovative Russia” (state contract # 02.740.11.0326).
- Aurivillius B (1982) On the crystal structure of a number of non-stoichiometric mixed lead oxide halides composed of PbO like blocks and single halogen layers. Chem Scr 19:97–107Google Scholar
- Krivovichev SV, Filatov SK (1999) Metal arrays in structural units based on anion-centered metal tetrahedra. Amer Miner 84:1099–1106Google Scholar
- Liao J-H, Kanatzidis MG (1993) Quaternary rubidium copper tin sulfides (Rb2Cu2SnS4, A2Cu2Sn2S6 (A = Na, K, Rb, Cs), A2Cu2Sn2Se6 (A = K, Rb), potassium gold tin sulfides, K2Au2SnS4, and K2Au2Sn2S6. Syntheses, structures, and properties of new solid-state chalcogenides based on tetrahedral [SnS4]4- units. Chem Mater 5:1561–1569. doi: 10.1021/cm00034a029 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Siidra OI, Krivovichev SV, Depmeier W (2006) Method of square lattices for the description of structural topologies of minerals and inorganic compounds derivatives of tetragonal PbO (litharge). Vestn S-Peterb U Geol 3:18–26Google Scholar