World History Homework Nine Answers - Student 10
Aran M. 1. Now that you've taken the midterm exam, how might you improve when you take the final exam at the end of this course?
I believe one of the biggest ways that I could improve my score is by studying more the religious aspects of the Middle Ages, as that is where I got a few questions wrong.
- Good analysis.
2. Summarize the French Revolution.
The French revolution first began due to the oppression of the first and second estates. Soon civil war broke out and almost all the monarchy and leadership in France had been executed by the guillotine. This created a power vacuum and opened the door for Napoleon to step into power, thus creating the French empire.
- It was oppression by the first and second estates, of the third estate. Rest is good but incomplete. (Minus 1).
3. Write a brief essay on the religious wars in England.
4. Add three terms and descriptions to the "World History Study Guide from 1648" (the one for the second half of this course). If you add five terms and descriptions, then that will be credit for two questions.
American Revolution – A revolution against the British in the American Colonies beginning in 1776 with the American Declaration of Independence.
France – A nation-state in Europe that was ruled by a monarch until the French Revolution.
Prussia – A very militaristic nation-state in Europe in part of the area were Germany is today.
Louisiana Purchase – A purchase land made by the American Colonies in 1803 from the French empire.
Corsica – Napoleon Bonaparte’s birthplace.
- Excellent selections, but "Corsica" is more "trivia" than a key term in world history.
5. What is your view of revolutions in world history? Include several examples in your answer.
6. Comment on music or art history.
7. What is your view of Napoleon? In your answer, discuss some of his achievements.
8. Write a short essay about any aspect of the lecture.
Napoleon Bonaparte was born August 15, 1769 on the war torn, Mediterranean island of Corsica, off the coast of Italy. The island was sold to the French and since then, the Corsicans had fought hard to regain their land. Soon after Napoleon was born, his father, Carlo made peace with the French and was admitted into the French nobility. Due to this, Napoleon was able to get the best military training in France. He first went to a church school at Antone to learn the language of French, as his native language was Italian. Next, he attended Brienne and then in 1784, he went to Ecole Militaire which was the best military college in France. Soon after this, he was commissioned into the Régiment de la Fére with which he attended the artillery school of Auxonne.
In 1789 the French revolution broke out and in 1792 the war between France and Europe started. Many aristocratic French officers fled the country, leaving many positions that needed to be assumed by younger French republican army officers, including Napoleon who took more than his share. After this France broke into a great civil war. The government was bankrupt and 1792 France declared war on Austria. The British Fleet was now in control of the great naval base of Toulon. The French military sent an army to besiege the port. Napoleon was now a captain and he attended this battle, but when the general of the artillery was badly wounded he took full control of the guns and used them so strategically he was promoted to Brigadier General at the age of 23.
In 1795 a new constitution was made which was governed by five directors appointed by two elected councils. Paul Barris, who was one of the new directors, appointed Napoleon to be in command of the army in Paris. On October 6th, 1795 a mob attacked Paris. Napoleon was once again in charge of the cannons and quickly dissolved the attackers with what he called “a whiff of grapeshot”. For this he was promoted to a Major General.
In 1796 Napoleon took his first wife, Josephine Beauharnais and two days later he was appointed to be a commander of the army of Italy. With this army he displayed ingenious strategy which made him almost unbeatable on the field. He believed that mobility was the most important part of a battle and he could organize lightning moves very effectively. Napoleon became very popular with his soldiers as he would pay them in silver instead of the French Paper money. At this time Napoleon was repelling Austrian forces at a very quick rate. When he reached the border Napoleon started negotiating for an Austrian peace treaty. This treaty Involved Austria being forced to surrender the province of Belgium to France and to recognize the Cisalpine Republic which had been created by Napoleon in 1796.
Napoleon did not want to lose his glory and popularity so he soon proposed an invasion of Egypt, as it would cut off English trade routes. He left on May 19, 1798 and reached Alexandria in July. Napoleon also brought with him many scientists and explorers to record the wonders of Egypt. This provoked Russia and Turkey to declare war on France. After arriving, the French fleet was destroyed by the British at the battle of the Nile leaving Napoleon stranded in Egypt. Turkey was now sending troops into Egypt, which Napoleon defeated in Alexandria with only 10,000 men. Napoleon then secretly set sail for France in two frigates, an action which he was greatly criticized for, as it seemed like he was deserting his army.
The five directors back in France could no longer enforce the taxation laws and were steadily losing money, especially when Italy was invaded as it was one of France’s largest sources of money. In 1799 the government’s income was 400,000,000 francs less then it was spending. Napoleon now had a plan of drawing yet another constitution which was made up of three consuls. In this new government Napoleon made himself the first console and it was obvious that this consulate form of government would soon become a dictatorship.
The surrender of the French to the English army in Egypt meant that Britain was now in control of the seas. After this there was peace, Egypt was given back to Turkey and France agreed to withdraw the troops from Rome and Naples. For this new peace Napoleon was elected to become first console for life, instead of having to go back up for election every 10 years. This new peace lasted only four months; it is still under debate as to who broke it. In 1804 Napoleon was crowned the emperor of the French Republic. In the same year Spain joined with France and they dominated Europe the next few years.
On the 25th of June 1812 Napoleon invaded Russia with an army of 450,000 men. Napoleon’s army experienced tremendous loss just from the march in the cold climate of Russia. With only 160,000 men left Napoleon continued to march upon Moscow where he met the Russian army. The French lost 30,000 more men in this battle. Leaving Russia, Napoleon took the more southern road so as to avoid the now barren route that they’d taken to get there, left with an army of only 100,000 men carrying a large amount of loot from Moscow and with many sick and wounded. On the sixth of December Napoleon left his army to return Paris and prove to the world that he was still alive and raising yet another army.
The many forces of the Prussians (Germany), the Russians and the British were now marching on France. Without a fight, Paris surrendered in 1814 to the British troops. Napoleon was captured and sent into exile on the isle of Elba, but in 1815 Napoleon secretly escaped and made a return to power. Although rallying great public support, this Glory did not last long, as soon after, at the battle of Waterloo, Napoleon was abducted once again and this time he was sent to the small rocky island of Saint Helena in the southern Atlantic (not even visible on Google Earth!) where he lived the rest of his days. Napoleon’s family consisted of seven siblings his Father Carlo Bonaparte and his mother Letizia Bonaparte. He had only one son named Napoleon II.
- Fantastic essay! The best in the class. Extra credit points are awarded to restore your overall grade to a perfect score.
9. Describe the Congress of Vienna and its significance.
- Grade: 50/50. Very well done!--Andy Schlafly 18:14, 13 November 2011 (EST)