Looks like they invented pencil liners too.
. . . Neanderthals, who most likely had pale skin, used these dark pigments to mark their own as well as animal skins. And, since body art is a form of communication, this implies that the Neanderthals could speak, d'Errico says.
[. . .] The pigments were not just smeared onto the body like camouflage, d'Errico says, but fashioned into drawing tools.