Advancing theological and scientific literacy for today’s ʿulamāʾ
3.2.1 Absolute Scientific Knowledge
“Science has established beyond any reasonable doubt…”, “physicists have proven that…”, “it is absolutely true that…” – such phrases are abundant not only in popular science, but even in academic literature. But is there such a thing as proof in science? Can we ever establish anything beyond any reasonable doubt? (Barseghyan et al., 2018).
This lecture by Dr. Hakob Barseghyan introduces the formal and empirical sciences, and presents the listener with various thought exercises to try to discover if there is such a thing as absolute knowledge in science. You can also read along with the chapter, which closely follows the transcript.
What is the difference between formal (analytic) and empirical (synthetic) sciences? Can you have absolute certainty in either of these types?
What three problems does Professor Barseghyan detail with empirical sciences?
Come up with an example of each problem from your everyday life.
How do problems with absolute knowledge, or fallibility, relate to St. Augustine and John Calvin’s approach to incompatibility between the Bible and the scientific consensus of the time? See learning material 3.1.4.
The Madrasa Discourses project proposes that a conciliation of traditional Islamic thought with contemporary scientific and philosophical worldviews can result in orthodox affirmations of human dignity essential for peaceful coexistence in a pluralistic world.