Grindžiamoji teorija: samprata, atsiradimo istorija, bendrieji tyrimo proceso aspektai
Grounded or prescriptive theory is a certain style of investigation that permits to reflect on social reality and investigate it. Moreover, it is methodology of theory creation having scientific grounds. Concurrently, grounded theory presents systematic collection of different techniques and work guidelines for classified preparation of empirical data and conceptualism/coding, therefore, it is a method of qualitative data analysis. The purpose of grounded theory is not to cover only one event of social reality but also present theoretical findings, id est, conceptualize and not only describe empirical results. According to Anselm Strauss grounded theory three main moments are excluded. Firstly, it is theoretical coding because theoretical concepts that explain different phenomena are made with the help of it. Consequently, it serves to the classification or description of a certain phenomenon. Secondly, it is theoretical selection. It is necessary to analyze data, write investigator’s memory, and formulate hypotheses just after the first interview. As a result, it helps to choose the next interlocutor. Thirdly, comparisons are made between phenomenon and context, and as a consequence, theoretical concepts emerge from them. The above mentioned three elements form the methodology of grounded theory. The benefits of grounded theory are the following: systematic process of data analysis; suitable support for the appearance of new ideas and connections applying a certain set of procedures/methods. The critics of this methodology state that a conception “theory” is too broad; there is lack of generalization; the purpose of the theory is to “invent” instead of “discover.
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