The elderly and those living with disabilities are increasingly choosing to remain independent and wish to live in their own homes for longer durations, this has increased the demand for more accessible and disabled-friendly accommodation. At the same time, beds in healthcare facilities and assisted-living homes are now falling vacant. What do people need in their neighbourhood or district to help them carry on living independently in their own homes? And when people choose to stay in their own homes for longer, what are the consequences on the existing healthcare facilities?
The healthcare policy of the government is based on the principle that the elderly and people with a physical or mental disability should be able to live independently at home for as long as possible and have the ability to participate in society (participeren in de maatschappij in Dutch).In a participatory society (participatiemaatschappij), the government assumes its citizens's strength and own self-reliance. The Social Support Act (WMO 2015) stipulates that municipalities must ensure that people can continue to live at home as long as possible. Municipalities are responsible for supporting people who are not self-reliant on their own.
Partly for this reason, the government is separating the financing of housing from the financing of healthcare to a greater extent.In the past, a person who needed healthcare and support subsequently progressed into a nursing home or assisted-living institution almost naturally. These institutions were also financially supported by the government. However, this system is changing with the government reducing monetary support to nursing homes and care homes for people who need light care. This is called "separation from living and care" or 'scheiden van wonen en zorg'. With this policy, the government wants to encourage people to live at home for as long as possible and to arrange their care themselves in their own living environment. Those who prefer to go to a care home or nursing home can rent a room there, but would have to pay for it themselves. Those who previously needed healthcare support lived in an institution. Assisted-living homes and nursing homes functioned as a kind of mini society: often large-scale, introverted healthcare institutions with internal A distinction is often made between inpatient and outpatient (intramural and extramurale in Dutch) care. Intramural literally means "within the walls"; inpatient care is where on stays in the care of the institution for a longer period of time healthcare. For example, an assisted-living centre or verzorginghuis. For extramural or outpatient care, support is provided outside the walls of the institution, for example at home. A sheltered home or aanleunwoning is an example of outpatient care. facilities and services. Now that the number of people continuing to live at home is more, they need to organise their healthcare and support with their own living environment. For their various needs, they draw on the district and make more use of local healthcare facilities. Where healthcare was previously organised in an autonomous institution, it is now spreading over an entire neighbourhood or district.
Therefore this change has a major impact on the way healthcare is organised spatially: within the neighbourhood scale and the existing care housing infrastructure. This does not only apply to healthcare and welfare for the elderly and the disabled, but will also impact mental health care (GGZ) and youth welfare.
Those who needed assisted-living and healthcare support lived in an institution, within a microcosm. Now people organise support within their own environment
Those wishing to live at home need a versatile range of facilities within the neighbourhood, such as a supermarket, recreational opportunities, meal service and medical care. This begs the question, what is needed and what is already available?
The Veldacademie uses its own methodology to study this issue: the habitat analysis. This methodology maps out the facilities and functions are present in a neighbourhood and how people use and rate them. This gives a picture of so-called "anchor points" in a neighbourhood: these are physically recognisable places in a neighbourhood with a concentration of facilities or functions. As anchor points, they appeal to different target groups and opportunities for people to meet. Think of a shopping mall or a park bench.
The research of the Veldacademie focuses on the following subjects:
arranging care for the elderly
What facilities do older people use and what do they need? This includes healthcare facilities such as a pharmacies or physiotherapist services, and general facilities such as a supermarket and a place where they feel safe to withdraw money.
accessibility of the neighbourhood
In an assisted living centre, residents will have natural opportunities to meet each other. However, can that same certainty be assumed when care shifts to the neighbourhood? Where do people meet and how can you increase chance encounters so that people can connect? Can these connections help to build and strengthen social networks?
Institutions the specialise in disability care in particular pay a lot of attention to daytime activities. This role is no longer fulfilled by healthcare institutions, organising daytime activities is more and more a task for welfare institutions. How will this transition happen?
(1) autonomy of the housing
For example, is it possible to rent the residences independently?
(2) THE CATEGORY OF HEALTHCARE
The greatest focus will be on institutions that offer low grade assisted-living support.
(3) THE Context
Is the building located in an attractive environment with many facilities?
So healthcare housing and assisted-living homes are more than just bricks and mortar. The exact same building can present a completely different function in one neighbourhood than in another, with different opportunities and limitations. For example, a building in a neighbourhood with many facilities and public transport can make the area attractive for people with less healthcare needs to rent a home. And in a neighbourhood where there are few facilities, but many elderly people live independently at home, a supporting facility could open up with the necessary amenities (meals, shop, physio, hairdresser, activities) for local residents.
Assisted-living homes is more than just bricks and mortar.