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What are the definitions of anatomy and physiology?
- Anatomy- The study of the shape and structure of an organism. (How does it look?)
- Physiology- The study of the function of a organism's parts. (How does it work?)
What is the definition of observation?
A skill that involves the senses- sight, hearing, touch, smell, and SOMETIMES taste-to gather information and collect data.
What is the definition of inference?
An interpretation of an observation that is based on evidence or prior knowledge. (Trying to explain what you have observed.)
What is the sagittal plane?
The plane that separates the body into left and right.
What is the frontal plane?
The plane that separates the body into front and back.
What is the transverse plane?
The plane that divides the body into top and bottom.
What sub-cavities are in the ventral cavity?
The thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities.
What sub-cavities are in the dorsal cavity?
The cranial and spinal cavities.
What are the levels of organization in the body from smallest to largest?
Cells --> Tissue --> Organ --> Organ System --> Organism
What are the different anatomical terms and what do they mean?
- Anterior/Ventral- front
- Posterior/Dorsal- back
- Superior- above
- Inferior- below
- Medial- middle/midline
- Lateral- sides
- Superficial- near the surface of the body
- Deep- deep in the body
- Proximal- toward the torso
- Distal- away from the torso
What are the functions of the organ systems of the body?
- Integumentary- protects the underlaying tissue
- Skeletal- moves your body, supports your body, makes new blood, protects your organs, stores minerals
- Muscular-moves your bones
- Cardiovascular-pumps blood through your body
- Respiratory-absorbs oxygen and releases carbon dioxide
- Reproductive- Male: produces and releases sperm Female: Produces eggs and nourishes and shelters the unborn baby
- Nervous- receives and sends out electrical messages throughout the body
- Lymphatic- returns leaked fluids to blood vessels, also helps you get rid of germs that could harm you
- Digestive- breaks down the food you eat into nutrients that can be absorbed into your body
- Endocrine- regulates body functions by sending out chemical messages. the ovaries (female) and testes (males) are a part of this system
- Urinary-removes wastes from the blood and regulates body fluids
What are the four tissues of the body and what are their functions?
What is the definition of homeostasis?
It is when your body tries to maintain a stable internal environment.
What is a cell?
The smallest living unit of structure and function (Anatomy and Physiology (A&P))
What is an organelle?
They are very small structures inside the cell that have specific jobs that keep the cell running.
What's the function (job) of the cell membrane?
It controls what goes in and out of the cell, its like the gatekeeper.
What's the function (job) of the cytoplasm?
It allows for parts to move around.
What is cytoplasm?
It is a liquid that fills the rest of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
What is the function (job) of the nucleus?
It is in charge of everything that goes on inside the cell. It is like the brain in our body.
What is the function (job) of the DNA?
The DNA carries instructions for the organelles to do their jobs and for making new cells.
What is the main difference between plant cells and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts.
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