Power plant development responsibilities
Thermal energy is generally considered to be a term used in physics, and refers to the energy created when the kinetic and potential energy of an object in motion is combined. As the name implies, thermal energy refers to heat that is created through the process of thermal energy.
Thus, thermal energy can simply be described as a flow of energy, or a means of energy that is moving from one system or state to another. As the energy moves from one state to another, a difference in temperature will occur. This difference in temperature is noted as the thermal energy.
From a physics standpoint, thermal energy for an object is calculated by summing the sensible and latent forms of internal energy within an object. Every object on the planet has what is known as internal energy. Internal energy is the sum of all forms of energy within an object. Every object has the following potential properties of internal energy: sensible energy, latent energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy. Sensible energy refers to the portion of energy of an object that is associated with kinetic energy, whereas latent energy refers to the phase of matter of the object such as solid, liquid, or gas. Thus, thermal energy refers to the combination of sensible and latent energies within an object.
For example, when butter is melted on the stove, it contains kinetic energy by the very fact that the butter is in motion. It also contains latent energy as it moves from one state of matter to another – from solid to liquid. The combination of kinetic energy and latent energy as the butter melts will be the thermal energy, and is generally referred to as the temperature difference between the two states of matter.
Another example of thermal energy lies in the simple calorie. We all know what calories are as we watch them closely when we are on a diet. More calories ingested will ultimately result in weight gain, and thus, calories are a form of energy in themselves. Thermal energy is used to calculate the caloric content of a food item. The amount of energy that is required to raise the temperature of one gram of the food item by one degree is referred to as the caloric content that is calculated through thermal energy. The more thermal energy that is required to raise the temperature of one gram of food, the more calories that food item will have.
In order to operate cost-effectively, solar thermal power plants require a high proportion of direct solar radiation, and therefore are typically used in very sunny regions (e.g. southern Europe, North Africa and the southwestern USA). Parabolic trough power plants with a total output capacity of around 350 MW were installed in California from 1984 to 1991. They are still in operation today, having since produced more than 16,000 gigawatt hours (GWh) of electricity. German companies supplied key components such as reflectors and flexible tube connectors to these plants. Many years of experience with this type of power plant is a major reason why the majority of power plant projects initiated since 2004 in Spain, the USA and a few countries in North Africa utilise parabolic troughs. However, in the course of the current dynamic market development, many solar tower power plants are also being planned and built, as well as large-scale systems utilising dish-Stirling and Fresnel technology. 100 Years of Power Plant Development presents the evolution of power plant concepts. The author provides the thermodynamic design concepts of a large variety of power plants, with comparisons, based on realistic performance levels. The historical overview extends to plant concepts for the future, and considers the latest advances with improved thermodynamic performance and emissions/CO2 discharge. In addition, the author examines such issues as available fuel sources, and developing and applying the best technology for converting fuels into electric power with the lowest adverse effect on the environment. First Solar is changing the way the world is powered with the largest utility-scale PV power plants. Listed below are a sample of our projects currently in progress or under development. Playing a critical role towards California’s aggressive 2020 renewable energy initiatives, the 550MW (AC) Desert Sunlight Solar Farm will help establish Riverside County as a global solar leader. The safe and efficient operation of a nuclear power plant relies on quality personnel being recruited, qualified and trained on a timely basis. The IAEA Safety Guide: Recruitment, Qualification and Training of Personnel for Nuclear Power Plants, No. NS-G-2.8 , clearly states that only qualified persons shall be entrusted with functions important to safety. This concept depends very much on the availability of competent instructors. All instructors must have a comprehensive practical as well as theoretical understanding of all aspects of the subjects being taught and the relationship of the subjects to nuclear plant operation. Hence, it is preferable for an instructor to have held a post at an NPP relevant to the field of training responsibility. For example, control room simulator instructors should have held a shift operations post at an appropriate level of seniority in a plant of the same design as that for which they are providing instruction. All instructors must have, or acquire through training, appropriate instructional knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSAs) – specifically those KSAs that are needed to impart and enhance training and learning. In addition, instructors should be trained in the application of all phases of the systematic approach to training (SAT), particularly the phases to which they contribute – although it has been found beneficial for instructors to participate in all phases of SAT. Instructional KSAs are also needed for occasional (part time) instructors, including those who are involved in on the job training in the plant. Training provided for these KSAs should be customized to the particular training setting or settings in which an occasional instructor will participate.
Albert Stephen - About Author:
SEO Article writer. CEO of Web Solution;It's a web development company locating around the word. Motive is to provide reliable web solution to the clients.
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