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Subregions of Europe
Transcript of Subregions of Europe
Similarities Between All Four Sub-regions
Modern Day Culture
Modern Day Culture
Modern Day Culture
Modern Day Culture
Originally conquered (wholly or in part) by the Roman Empire
Andorra, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, San Marino, Spain, & Vatican City
European Civilization was born in the Mediterranean region due to geographical advantages.
Greek city-state Athens created the first democracy, in which all free adult males were citizens and could serve in the law-making assembly.
After the Roman empire fell, the three Mediterranean peninsulas had separate histories, including:
From the Balkan Peninsula came the Byzantine Empire, which lasted nearly 1,000 years.
Italy saw the birth of the Renaissance, beginning in the 1300s.
Portugal and Spain launched the Age of Exploration in the 1400s.
The Crusades, a series of wars fought by European Christians to take the Holy Land from the Muslims, began in 1096.
From 1347 to 1351, the bubonic plague killed an estimated 25 million Europeans when brought by infected rats on Asian trade ships.
North African Muslims ruled the Iberian Peninsula for 700 years until Spain's Catholic rulers Ferdinand and Isabella retook Spain in 1492.
Sub-regions of Europe
The majority religion in Greece is Eastern Orthodox Christianity
Italy, Portugal, and Spain are full of strong Roman Catholic citizens.
Divided by distinct language barriers
Known for distinct artistic legacy including classical statues, Renaissance paintings and sculptures, and modern art produced by artists such as Spanish Pablo Picasso
Tourism is large part of Mediterranean countries' economy due to their sunny climate and historic sites.
This region does not have many energy sources, so foreign petroleum must be imported.
This area was traditionally agricultural and fishing based, but industry and service is taking a rise in the Mediterranean region.
Urban growth caused by the transition from agriculture to manufacturing and service industries has created housing shortages, pollution, and traffic jams.
A Germanic king, Charlemagne, conquered most of the region in the late 700s.
After Charlemagne's death, Western Europe was left as a region of small, competing kingdoms.
The Reformation was a period when many Christians broke away from the Catholic Church and started Protestant churches, and it began with Martin Luther's criticism of the Catholic Church in 1517.
Feudalism, a political system in which powerful lords owned most of the land, grew in the Middle Ages
The Middle Ages broke Western Europe into multiple nation-states.
Germany and Austria are famous for music, producing magnificent composers such as Bach, Beethoven, and Mozart.
France and the Netherlands have produced many famous painters, including Jan Van Eyck, Jan Vermeer, Rembrandt, Claude Monet, Paul Cezanne, and Paul Gauguin.
Western Europe is a very poplar area for tourists.
Most of the agricultural income in Belgium, France, the Netherlands, and Switzerland is produced through dairy farming and livestock.
The largest producer of agricultural products is France, with major crops such as grapes, vegetables, and wheat.
High-tech and service industries are key to French, German, Dutch, and Swiss economies.
Northern European countries, such as Ireland and Scotland, are known for their high-tech companies and work with computers.
Important industries in this region include manufacturing and traditional economic activities, such as fishing and forestry.
Benefits from many natural resources
Strong literary influences came from this region, including William Shakespeare, and his plays are still performed today.
Outdoor sports are extremely popular, regardless of the cold climate.
This region is known for its distinct customs, such as British afternoon tea.
The first settlers of this region were Norsemen, also known as Nords
Ancient Britain was conquered by the Celts, Germanic tribes, and the Romans.
The British Empire, also known as the United Kingdom, at one point, spanned across the British Isles, Australia, and parts of Africa and Asia.
Eastern Europe is known as a cultural crossroads because of its central location between Europe and Asia.
The Byzantine Empire controlled the Balkan Peninsula, Bulgaria, Romania, and parts of Hungary, until the Ottoman Empire of Turkey slowly took it over in the 1300s and 1400s.
An Austrian Empire arose in the 1400s to drive out the Ottomans from Hungary, and then take control of that state.
This region has been controlled by many, including the Romans, Byzantines, Ottomans, Austrians, and the U.S.S.R.
Fierce loyalties to one's own ethnic group has caused intense conflict amongst Eastern European countries
Folk art in this region is made by rural people with traditional lifestyles, and includes items such as pottery, woodcarving, and embroidered traditional costumes.
Much less urban than the rest of Europe
Former communist control in this region caused damage that will take time to overcome
In 1989, this area began an attempt to switch to a market economy.
State-owned factories were sold to private owners, which caused inflation, factories to close, and the loss of jobs.
Art is an important cultural factor
Live in smaller homes than Americans
Outdated factories created heavy pollution
Attempted or Succeeded in switching to modern industries such as manufacturing and service.