About the Area
It contains diverse habitats, each perfectly suited to different plants and animals, making it commercially vital for fisheries, particularly for blue crabs and historically for oysters.
Characteristic of this ecoregion is the Atlantic blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), American oyster (Crassostrea virginica), Horseshoe crab (Ilynassa polyphemus), Soft-shelled clam (Mya arenaria), Hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria), Marsh periwinkle (Littorina irrorata), and Northern diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin).
Among the many bird species are Clapper rail (Rallus longirostris), Tundra swan (Cygnus columbianus), Atlantic brant (Branta bernicla), Wood duck (Aix sponsa), Hooded merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus), Oldsquaw (Clangula hyemalis), Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola), Green-backed heron (Butorides virescens), Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), and numerous shorebirds.
High levels of urban development and pollution from agriculture introduce contaminants and cause eutrophication and anoxic conditions (lack of oxygen) in the bay. Introduced species like the Rapa whelk (a large snail originally from Asia) threaten native species, and toxic algal blooms can harm fish and people. Overfishing and habitat destruction represent other disturbance factors.
Temperate Shelf and Seas
Geographic Location: Eastern North America