CVS, Subversion, Perforce, and other centralized platforms store information as a changelog for files. In contrast, Git considers data to be a set of casts of a small file system.
Among other features:
- unlike centralized systems, Git uses only local files and resources for most operations, which makes it possible to work without network access;
- before saving the file, Git calculates the checksum using the SHA-1 hash, and it becomes its index.
Firstly, you need to install Git, then configure it. Specify:
$ git config --global user.name "ra1nbow";
$ git config --global user.email email@example.com;
a text editor to work with. For example, if the standard editor does not suit you and you chose Emacs:
$ git config --global core.editor emacs;
built-in comparison utility. For example, if you want to use vimdiff
$ git config --global merge.tool vimdiff. Then check the settings:
git config --list.
Use the services for project hosting and collaborative development. They usually have access control, bug tracking, task management, a wiki for each project, and a developed community where you can ask for advice.
Among the most popular platforms:
- Working with repositories: creating, recording changes, viewing commit history, undoing changes, working with remote repositories and tags.
- Branching and merging.
- Git on the server: configuration, working with protocols, generating a public SSH key, GitWeb, Gitosis, Gitolite, Git daemon, Git hosting.
- Git tools.
A little interactive:
- site with search for any shell commands, including Git commands.
When you have mastered the basic operations:
- take the tests;
- learn the site with Git exercises;
- Learn the Git encyclopedia: there are guides, cheat sheets and a community where you can ask questions.
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