Pathology is the word used for any deviation from a healthy or normal condition.
Therefore when we talk about the pathology of the head, neck, face and jaws, we are talking about any condition that is not normal.
Symptoms may include: abnormal growths in the oral cavity or on the facial skin; a foul taste, aroma, or discharge in the mouth; chronic oral, facial, or jaw pain; sore throat; hoarseness; difficulty chewing or swallowing; a lump on the skin of the face or neck or inside the mouth; or a sore that will not heal and/or is painless but easily bleeds anywhere on the face, especially the lip; patches of redness or whitish areas in the oral cavity or on lips. Treatment options vary from simple excision and biopsy to complex removal and reconstruction. Moles and other lesions of the skin are also treated.