It is well known that wooden houses are shrink design. This means, that the house during its construction as well as during the initial period after the heating of the house change their geometrical dimensions, elevations, i.e. "Sit down." Formerly home to Russia first chopped, then log cabins left to dry under the eaves, the drying process took at least one year, then a dry log house built.
Now life moves faster, so such a long time to build a house, as a rule, is not given. Of course, now are turned out during the construction techniques that allow for the shrinkage of the house and do not wait for the day when the house is dry by itself. So, analyze the work which must take into account shrinkage.
Making a wooden structure at work - any manufactured wooden house on the project - and the documentation shall specify, among other sizes elevations, and they should be double: design, ie those who should get the result, and so-called construction, ie those elevations to be followed by carpenters in the cabin. The difference between these marks must be raw wood not less than 7%, although each frame "sits" in different ways, and accurately calculate the true shrinkage is not possible.
Practical value excluding elevations high, because after drying house ceiling in the rooms will be lower than it was originally in the construction process .
Any framework has connections logs in cups - The most common and most reliable way to connect the so-called log " Oblomov in " or releases. To account for shrinkage must log in junctions logs in Petri perform special notches , then frame in the process of shrinkage and shrinkage in the joints of the logs in the cups will easily "sit" , and the compounds themselves will not lose their density. If the notches do , then , after drying logs in cups will slit and these places have caulk that is not aesthetically pleasing and protects from blowing .
1.Roofs and ceilings - Watching the construction of wooden houses in the suburbs, sometimes it seems that the roof and ceiling of the second floor of a wooden house in half the cases, we do not fundamentally correct. As a result of the wrong done roofs or ceilings, two years after the start of operation of the house walls begin to divide the logs, between the logs there are big gaps. Unfortunately, to correct such a situation is possible only via alteration of the roof or ceiling, which leads to higher costs.
2.How to mount the roof and ceilings hemming? Most importantly, consider that the rafters are installed on the house should be able to move (slide) on logs along with shrinkage of the house. The same opportunity should have ceiling covering (siding or other materials), which is attached to the bottom of the rafters inside the house. As envisaged in the design of sliding? The first thing to remember is that often chopped wooden house has a gable chopped (less frame gables, then there is no problem).
3.If chopped gables , to slide the roof structure is very important to design a simple , ie gable roof of the house , and avoid endovnyh elements Plait feet. The fact that the presence of valleys on the roof creates some constructive triangles that are unchangeable rigid system , and in general the entire roof construction loses the ability to glide . Thus, the rules are simple . If a wooden house is supposed to the second floor of the same material as the first floor, ie of logs, then the roof should be gable , roof should be installed on sliding mount. If the second floor frame , the roof can be of any design , it is not necessary to slide . If the roof is mounted with regard to its slip , the paneling on the ceiling of the second floor should also be able to slip , it can not be rigidly fastened
4.Window and door openings - You must leave a gap in the openings of windows or doors, because the frame of the house will "sit" and left a gap in time will decrease. It should be remembered that the upper shrink the gap to be closed with a material against blowing , which is well compressed. A common mistake is " konopatka " top clearance hemp or flax , jute fiber , which is badly compressed and loses the ability to frame "sit" in this place. The result is the jamming of windows or doors , they stop the opening-closing .
5.Installing supporting pillars - Make sure to install the pillars so that between the post and the supporting structure (the log) located jack, which adjusting device. The length of the jack must be greater than the length of the column multiplied by seven to eight percent.