Continental army officer.
Sailed to America with Silas Deane’s recommendation, where he hoped to serve as a lieutenant-colonel (1776). Took part in the battles of Brandywine and Germantown. Resigned from the army as a colonel (1778).
After his return to Europe, he sent many requests to Franklin for the travel expenses that had been promised to him by Congress.
Captain in the regiment of Anhalt (1779). Aide de camp of the comte de Wittgenstein (1781). Passed from the French to the Dutch service (1785).
Born in Berlin.