- 1 What is an STP manipulation attack?
- 2 Which two methods are used to mitigate VLAN attacks?
- 3 What is switch spoofing attack?
- 4 Which measure is a best practice to mitigate VLAN hopping attacks?
- 5 How do you mitigate STP manipulation?
- 6 What is PortFast STP?
- 7 What are three techniques for mitigating VLAN attacks?
- 8 Why are VLANs not secure?
- 9 What is a VLAN hopping attack?
- 10 What is the normal range of VLANs?
- 11 How does ARP spoofing work?
- 12 What are switch attack categories?
- 13 What is best practice when dealing with native VLAN?
- 14 How do I stop VLAN hopping?
- 15 What is the recommended best practice for dealing with the native VLAN?
What is an STP manipulation attack?
An STP attack involves an attacker spoofing the root bridge in the topology. The attacker broadcasts out an STP configuration/topology change BPDU in an attempt to force an STP recalculation. The BPDU sent out announces that the attacker’s system has a lower bridge priority.
Which two methods are used to mitigate VLAN attacks?
There are two primary methods of VLAN hopping: switch spoofing and double tagging. Both attack vectors can be mitigated with proper switch port configuration.
What is switch spoofing attack?
Switch spoofing is a type of VLAN hopping attack that works by taking advantage of an incorrectly configured trunk port. By tricking a switch into thinking that another switch is attempting to form a trunk, an attacker can gain access to all the VLANs allowed on the trunk port.
Which measure is a best practice to mitigate VLAN hopping attacks?
Enable trunking manually.* Mitigating a VLAN hopping attack can be done by disabling Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP), manually setting ports to trunking mode, and by setting the native VLAN of trunk links to VLANs not in use.
How do you mitigate STP manipulation?
To mitigate Spanning Tree Protocol ( STP ) manipulation attacks, use PortFast and Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) Guard: PortFast – PortFast immediately brings an interface configured as an access or trunk port to the forwarding state from a blocking state, bypassing the listening and learning states.
What is PortFast STP?
PortFast causes a switch or trunk port to enter the spanning tree forwarding state immediately, bypassing the listening and learning states. When you enable PortFast on a switch or trunk port, the port is immediately transitioned to the spanning tree forwarding state.
What are three techniques for mitigating VLAN attacks?
Explanation: Mitigating a VLAN attack can be done by disabling Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP), manually setting ports to trunking mode, and by setting the native VLAN of trunk links to VLANs not in use.
Why are VLANs not secure?
VLANS – not good for security They operate at layer 2 (the Ethernet layer) and don’t understand the “state” of the messages flowing through them. This makes the spoofing of VLAN tags trivial – there is no check to detect if a tag has been adjusted by a hacker.
What is a VLAN hopping attack?
VLAN hopping (virtual local area network hopping ) is a method of attacking a network by sending packets to a port that is not normally accessible from a given end system.
What is the normal range of VLANs?
|1||Normal||Cisco default. You can use this VLAN but you cannot delete it.|
|2-1001||Normal||For Ethernet VLANs; you can create, use, and delete these VLANs.|
|1002-1005||Normal||Cisco defaults for FDDI and Token Ring. You cannot delete VLANs 1002-1005.|
|1006-4094||Extended||For Ethernet VLANs only.|
How does ARP spoofing work?
ARP spoofing is a type of attack in which a malicious actor sends falsified ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) messages over a local area network. Once the attacker’s MAC address is connected to an authentic IP address, the attacker will begin receiving any data that is intended for that IP address.
What are switch attack categories?
Common Attack Types on Switches
- ARP Spoofing. Address Resolution Protocol is used by devices connected to an ethernet network to find layer 2 ethernet address(MAC) of destination device.
- STP Attack.
- MAC flooding/CAM table overflow.
- DHCP Server Spoofing.
What is best practice when dealing with native VLAN?
A recommended security practice is to change the native VLAN to a different VLAN than VLAN 1. The native VLAN should also be distinct from all user VLANs. Ensure that the native VLAN for an 802.1Q trunk is the same on both ends of the trunk link.
How do I stop VLAN hopping?
To prevent the VLAN hopping from being exploited, we can do the below mitigations: Ensure that ports are not set to negotiate trunks automatically by disabling DTP: NEVER use VLAN 1 at all. Disable unused ports and put them in an unused VLAN ▪ Always use a dedicated VLAN ID for all trunk ports.
What is the recommended best practice for dealing with the native VLAN?
When configuring a trunk port, the Native VLAN should be set to the same value on each end in order to avoid Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) loops. By default, the native VLAN is set to VLAN 1. A recommended best practice is to change the Native VLAN to another unused VLAN where no hosts or other devices reside.