Qiao Y.J.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi | Year: 2012
To understand the level of blood-lipid and prevalence of dyslipidemia of children aged 3 to 6 in Tianjin, so as to provide evidence for large-scale blood screening strategy and to develop intervention of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular in children. 20,041 children aged 3 to 6 from 48 kindergartens were involved in this study, in Tianjin. Peripheral blood was collected from right leech-finger of these children, after fatless breakfast. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) of plasma were tested using Toshiba 120 Automatic Biochemical Analyzer. The average levels of TC and TG were (4.17±0.69) mmol/L and (0.86±0.44) mmol/L in these children. 11.4% of the children had either TC or TG dyslipidemia, with 7.1% had only TC dyslipidemia, 4.9% had only TG dyslipidemia, and 0.6% of them had both TC and TG dyslipidemia. The prevalence of TC dyslipidemia was significantly higher among girls than boys. The prevalence rates of TC dyslipidemia and TG dyslipidemia were different among age groups, but with no significant changes among age groups. The prevalence of TG dyslipidemia was significantly different, with obese children higher than those with normal or overweight children. Different residential areas seemed to be related to the difference on the prevalence of dyslipidemia. Prevalence of TC dyslipidemia was higher in urban than in rural areas. Prevalence of TG dyslipidemia was higher in rural than urban areas. The prevalence of dyslipidemia for children aged 3 to 6 was high in Tianjin, and showed differences among genders, age groups and residential regions. Screening and intervention programs on dyslipidemia should be undertaken routinely in children, in order to prevent adult atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
Shu J.-B.,Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute |
Meng Y.-T.,Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute |
Dang L.-H.,Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute |
Fu B.-J.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
Song L.,Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics | Year: 2012
Objective: To investigate the correlation between genotypes and biochemical phenotypes of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). Methods: Thirteen exons and flanking introns of PAH gene in 102 patients with high blood phenylalanine levels (Phe>120 μmol/L) at initial diagnosis were amplified with polymerase chain reaction and analyzed with single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and DNA sequencing. Correlation between genotypes and biochemical phenotypes was analyzed. Results Biochemical assaying has indicated that 69 patients had classical PKU (Phe<1200 μmol/L), 31 were moderate (Phe 600-1200 μmol/L), and 2 were mild (Phe 400-600 μmol/L). More than 41 mutations and 75 genotypes have been identified. There were 9 (8.8%) homozygous mutations, which included 3 cases with R111X/R111X, 1 case with IVS4-1G>A/IVS4-1G>A, 3 cases with R243Q/R243Q and 2 cases with V399V/V399V. Among these 8 belonged to classic PKU phenotypes, except for a R243Q/R243Q genotype which has led to a moderate phenotype. In 91 patients carrying compound PAH mutations, 61 were classic, 29 were moderate, and 1 was mild. Patients who were heterozygous for R111X/R243Q and EX6-96A>G(Y204C)/ R243Q were found with both classic and moderate PKU phenotypes. Certain individuals who have carried 2 null mutant alleles such as R111X/V399V, EX6-96A>G/Y356X and EX6-96A>G/V399V only showed a moderate phenotype. Individuals with R111X/A165D and R176X/A165D genotypes, on the other hand, respectively presented moderate and classic PKU phenotypes. Conclusions Ninety percent of our patients are compound heterozygotes. Independent assortment of mutant alleles has resulted in a complex genotype-phenotype correlation. Although in most cases a correlation may be found, caution should still be taken upon genetic counseling. The phenomena where similar or even identical genotype may give rise to different biochemical phenotypes have implied that other factors may also influence the phenylalanine metabolism.
Tian Z.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
Ye T.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
Zhang X.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
Liu E.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
And 6 more authors.
Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine | Year: 2010
Objective: To investigate the association between sleep duration and risk of hyperglycemia among preschool Chinese children. Design: A population-based cross-sectional study. Setting: Seventy-one randomly selected kindergartens in Tianjin, China. Participants: Six hundred nineteen obese (body mass index z score ≥1.65) and 617 nonobese (body mass index z score <1.65) children aged 3 to 6 years were recruited and matched by age. Main Exposure: Sleep duration. Main Outcome Measures: Hyperglycemia, defined as a fasting glucose level of 100 mg/dL or higher. Results: Obese children were more likely to have shorter sleep duration (≤8 hours) compared with their nonobese counterparts (P<.001). Compared with those who slept for 9 or 10 hours per night, those who slept for 8 hours or less had a significantly higher likelihood of having hyperglycemia, controlling for age and sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-2.45). After further adjustment for other potential confounders, the association still remained statistically significant (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.09-2.46). In the stratified multivariable analyses, those who were obese and slept for 8 hours or less had an increased risk of having hyperglycemia (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.06-4.21) compared with those who were nonobese and slept for 9 hours or more. Conclusions: Shorter sleep duration is associated with an increased risk of having hyperglycemia among preschool Chinese children. Whether adequate sleep may help maintain euglycemia among children, especially for those who are overweight or obese, warrants further investigation. ©2010 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Leng J.,Tianjin Medical University |
Leng J.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
Shao P.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
Zhang C.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
And 9 more authors.
PLoS ONE | Year: 2015
Objective: We compared the increases in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and its risk factors in Tianjin, China, over a 12-year period. We also examined the changes in the prevalence using the criteria of International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG). Methods: In 2010-2012, 18589 women who registered within 12 weeks of gestation underwent a glucose challenge test (GCT) at 24-28 gestational weeks. Amongst them, 2953 women with 1-hour plasma glucose ≥7.8 mmol/L underwent a 75-gram 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and 781 women had a positive GCT but absented from the standard OGTT. An adjusted prevalence of GDM was calculated for the whole cohort of women by including an estimate of the proportion of women with positive GCTs who did not have OGTTs but would have been expected to have GDM. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals using the IADPSG criteria. The prevalence of GDM risk factors was compared to the 1999 survey. Results: The adjusted prevalence of GDM by the 1999 WHO criteria was 8.1%, a 3.5-fold increase as in 1999. Using the IADPSG criteria increased the adjusted prevalence further to 9.3%. Advanced age, higher pre-pregnancy body mass index, Han-nationality, higher systolic blood pressure (BP), a family history of diabetes, weight gain during pregnancy and habitual smoking were risk factors for GDM. Compared to the 1999 survey, the prevalence of overweight plus obesity had increased by 1.8 folds, age >30 years by 2.3 folds, systolic BP by 2.3 mmHg over the 12-year period. Conclusions: Increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity and older age at pregnancy were accompanied by increasing prevalence of GDM, further increased by change in diagnostic criteria. © 2015 Leng et al.
Yang X.,Tianjin Medical University |
Yang X.,Chinese University of Hong Kong |
Tian H.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
Zhang F.,Tianjin Women and Childrens Health Center |
And 9 more authors.
Journal of Translational Medicine | Year: 2014
Background: There are no randomised controlled trials to demonstrate whether lifestyle modifications can improve pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosed by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group's (IADPSG) criteria. We tested the effectiveness of lifestyle modifications implemented in a 3-tier's shared care (SC) on pregnancy outcomes of GDM. Methods: Between December 2010 and October 2012, we randomly assigned 700 women with IADPSG-defined GDM but without diabetes at 26.3 (interquartile range: 25.4-27.3) gestational weeks in Tianjin, China, to receive SC or usual care (UC). The SC group received individual consultations and group sessions and performed regular self-monitoring of blood glucose compared to one hospital-based education session in the UC group. The outcomes were macrosomia defined as birth weight ≥ 4.0 kg and the pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Results: Women in the SC (n = 339) and UC (n = 361) groups delivered their infants at similar gestational weeks. Birth weight of infants in the SC group was lower than that in the UC group (3469 vs. 3371 grams, P = 0.021). The rate of macrosomia was 11.2% (38/339) in the SC group compared to 17.5% (63/361) in the UC group with relative risk (RR) of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.44-0.93). The rate of PIH was 8.0% (27/339) in the SC compared to 4.4% (16/361) in the UC with RR of 1.80 (0.99-3.28). Apgar score at 1 min < 7 was lower but preeclampsia was higher in the SC than in the UC. Conclusions: Lifestyle modifications using a SC system improved pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with GDM. © 2014 Yang et al.