They Invented What? (No. 202)
U.S. Pat. No. 4,625,468: Temporary/portable nuclear fallout shelter.
1. A portable shelter for placement over a hole in the ground comprising in combination,
a tent enclosure having a floor with a tubular section extendable downwardly therefrom,
means for supporting the tent enclosure to form an enclosed volume above the hole, the tubular section of the tub floor extending downwardly into and lining the hole,
a shield membrane approximately dimensioned and having sufficient surface area to completely cover the tent enclosure when erected, with its circumferential edge extending into and partially buried in a shallow trench excavated around the tent enclosure and hole.
2. The portable shelter of claim 1, wherein the shield membrane has a circumferential edge formed by a tubular enclosure integral with the membrane.
3. The portable shelter of claim 2, wherein the tubular enclosure forming the circumferential edge of the shield membrane is hermetic to provide fluid storage.
4. The portable shelter of claim 3, further including means communicating with the tubular enclosure forming the circumferential edge of the fly membrane for introducing and draining fluids into and from the tubular enclosure.
5. The portable shelter of claim 1, wherein the tent enclosure including the tubular section extendable from the floor are formed by tightly woven, rip-resistant panels joined together.
6. The portable shelter of claim 5, wherein the shield membrane is a coated, rip-resistant plastic sheet material reflective of solar radiations.
7. The portable shelter of claim 5, wherein the interior surfaces of the fabric panels and junctions between each panel are coated with a sealing material for rendering the tent enclosure essentially airtight.
8. The portable fallout shelter of claim 7, wherein the tent enclosure is formed of at least two modular unit enclosures connected together, each unit enclosure including a separate hexahedral tubular section extending downward from its floor, further including:
means for allowing occupants to move between the hexahedral tubular sections of the respective unit enclosures, and
means for hermetically isolating the respective hexahedral tubular sections from each other.
9. The portable fallout shelter of claim 5, further including pockets incorporated into the lining of the tubular section extending downwardly, the pockets opening into the tent enclosure, and means for hermetically sealing and isolating the pockets from the interior of the tent enclosure.
10. The portable fallout shelter of claim 9, wherein the pockets include vent tubes for allowing vapors emanating from wastes placed in the pockets to escape, and means located distant from the pocket for preventing gas flow through the tub into the pocket.
11. The portable fallout shelter of claim 1, further including walls and and a floor composed of concrete type materials forming a trench below the ground surface over which the tent enclosure is erected, the tubular section of the enclosure having a hexahedral configuration for lining the trench.
12. The portable fallout shelter of claim 11, wherein the trench has been filled with dirt, and including means for explosively excavating the dirt from the trench.
13. The shelter of claim 1, wherein the shield membrane is formed of at least two (2) modular membrane sheets, each sheet having means forming its circumferential edge for hermetic engagement with similar means, forming the circumferential edge of the remaining sheets.
14. A portable fallout shelter for use in combination with a hole in the ground comprising:
a tent enclosure formed of a hermetic flexible material, including:
a plurality of inflatable tubular rib sections,
a circumferential edge formed into a tubular section for containing water extending from the exterior perimeter of the tent enclosure,
a floor having sufficient slack to extend downwardly into the hole for lining the hole,
the tent enclosure being erected by inflating the inflatable tubular sections with a gas, the enclosure being anechored by filling the tubular section forming the circumferential edge with water and partially burying the water-filled circumferential edge in a shallow trench excavated around the perimeter of the enclosure.
15. The portable fallout shelter of claim 14, further including an access port through a side wall of the enclosure and means for closing and hermetically sealing the access port from the interior of the enclosure.
16. The portable fallout shelter of claim 15 or 5, further including means for circulating and filtering air into and out of the enclosure.