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Limb deformity and leg length inequality problems include many different conditions.
These conditions affect the appearance or function of an arm or a leg.
Limb deformity or leg length discrepancy can be present from birth (congenital) or acquired (a result of an injury, infection or tumor). Some of the conditions that can cause limb problems in a child or young adult include:
There may also be deformities that are a result of the soft tissues and not the bones, such as with arthrogryposis and burns.
Treatment depends on what limb has the deformity and the amount of deformity present. For example, there may be loss of function of the leg or arm. Cosmetic issues may also be a concern for the patient and their family.
If there are problems with the arms, the goal is to improve the appearance and function of the arm. Treatment of leg problems try to correct the deformity that may cause arthritis as the child gets older. If the problem is leg length, where the legs are not "equal," the goal is equalization (making the legs the same length).
Treatment may include the use of adaptive devices, prosthesis, orthotics or shoe lifts. If the problem is more severe and not treatable with these methods, then surgery may be necessary.
The type of surgery depends on the type of problem. Outpatient procedures may be used to alter the growth of the limb. This is often done through small incisions. If an outpatient procedure is done, your child can continue with most regular activities.
Other times, surgery may be very involved and require the use of an external device that is attached to the limb with pins and wires. This device may be left on for months to correct the deformity or lengthen the leg. If this type of surgery is required, your child will be making weekly visits to Cincinnati Children's.
If your child has a significant deformity or length inequality, call the Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Center at Cincinnati Children's for a consultation.
It is best to have a doctor see your child early, before the problem has a chance to progress. If evaluated late, the problem becomes more difficult to treat, often making it difficult to completely correct the deformity or leg length issue.
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