February 28, 2007
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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999
FROM VOLUME 2, NUMBER 7, JULY 1989
"General Circulation Model Simulation of Mild Nuclear Winter,"
A.B. Pittock (CSIRO Div. Atmos. Res., Private Bag 1, Mordialloc 3195,
Australia), K. Walsh, J.S. Frederiksen, Clim. Dynamics, 3(4),
191-206, Apr. 1989.
The climatic effects of an elevated uniform global layer of purely absorbing
smoke of absorption optical depth 0.2 have been simulated using a version of the
nine-level spectral model of McAvaney et al. Results show an approximate
reduction of 50% in convective rainfall in the tropics and monsoonal regions,
with diurnal average soil surface coolings of several degrees C, except in those
locations where the reduction in soil moisture is sufficient to effectively stop
evaporation at the surface. Discusses possible effects of a lowering of sea
surface temperature, variations in cloud cover, neglect of scattering by smoke,
and infrared absorption and emission by the smoke.
"Global Land-Use Changes from 1860 to 1980 and Future Projections to
2500," G. Esser (Gen. Ecol. Group, Univ. Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11,
POB 4469, D-4500 Osnabrück, FRG), Ecol. Model., 44(3/4),
307-316, Jan. 1989.
Introduces a global scenario which is regionalized on a 2.5° grid. The
historical section is based on available data concerning site and area of
land-use change. The future projections include a probability estimate for
land-use development and distribution from 1981 to 2500.
"Effects of Soil Moisture on the Sensitivity of a Climate Model to
Earth Orbital Forcing at 9000 Yr BP," R.G. Gallimore (Ctr. Climatic Change,
Univ. Wisconsin, 1225 W. Dayton St., Madison WI 53706), J.E. Kutzbach, Clim.
Change, 14(2), 175-205, 1989.
The computer sensitivities of temperature and soil moisture to 9000 yr BP
(before present) radiation differ from those simulated under equilibrium
conditions in the various general circulation model experiments for increased
atmospheric concentration of CO2. In contrast to the effects of the enhanced
seasonal cycle of solar radiation at 9000 yr BP, a CO2 increase causes a broad
warming of both the ocean and land with little modification of land/ocean
temperature difference. The experiments for 9000 yr BP indicate a clearer signal
for summer drying than is obtained in the experiments for increased CO2.
"Analytic Solution of the Box Diffusion Model for a Global Ocean,"
S.A. Lebedeff (NASA/Goddard Space Flight Ctr., 2880 Broadway, New York NY
10025), J. Geophys. Res., 93(D11), 14,243-14,255, Nov. 20, 1988.
Derives a solution for the temperature of the mixed layer that depends on
only one parameter in the case of a doubled CO2 experiment. This dependence
permits derivation of a simple expression for the e-folding time, and
formulation of a quantitative sensitivity analysis for the response of the mixed
layer temperature to changes in other parameters of the global model.
Guide to Publishers
Index of Abbreviations