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The multiverse – in which there is our Universe – may not be as hostile to life as previously thought, according to a new study. The only question is whether there are other universes. Scientists from the University of Durham, the University of Western Sydney and the University of Western Australia have shown that life can be spread in a multiverse, if one exists. Blame everything – what would you think? Dark energy. Mysterious “power”, which accelerates the expansion of the universe.
Scientists say that the existing theories of the origin of the universe predict much more dark energy than observed. Adding large amounts of dark energy would lead to such a rapid expansion that matter would scatter before the stars, planets or life would form.
The theory of the multiple universe, or the multiverse, presented in the 1980s, can explain the “luckily small” amount of dark energy in our universe that allowed it to shelter life, among many universes that could not.
Using powerful computer space simulations, scientists found that adding dark energy, up to several hundred times the amount observed in the universe, will not have a serious impact on the formation of stars and planets.
This opens up the possibility that life can appear in other universes, if they exist, scientists say. The work was published in the Monthly Notes of the Royal Astronomical Society.
The modeling was carried out within the framework of the EAGLE project (Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments), one of the most realistic models of the observable universe. Jaime Salcido, a graduate student at the Institute of Computational Cosmology at the University of Durham, says: “For many physicists the inexplicable, but most likely, a particular amount of dark energy in our universe is a disappointing riddle.”
“Our models show that even if there were much more or much less dark energy in the universe, this would have a minimal effect on the formation of stars and planets, giving a chance for the emergence of life throughout the multiple universe.”
Dr. Luc Barnes, a researcher at the University of Western Sydney, adds: “Previously, the multiverse explained the observed value of dark energy as a lottery – we had a lucky ticket, and we live in a universe in which there are beautiful galaxies that give lives a chance.”
“Our work shows that our ticket was too successful, so to speak. He is too special, so much is not needed for life. “
The question is: how much dark energy is needed until the moment when life becomes impossible? Simulation has shown that the accelerated expansion caused by dark energy has practically no effect on the birth of stars, and hence on the origin of life. Even the increase in dark energy hundreds of times will be insufficient to make the universe dead.
The researchers said that their results were unexpected and could be problematic, since they cast doubt on the ability of the multiverse theory to explain the observed value of dark energy. According to the study, if we live in a multiverse, we should observe much more dark energy than observe; perhaps 50 times more than we observe in our universe.
Although the results of the work do not exclude the existence of multiple universes, they hint that a small amount of dark energy in our Universe would be better explained by the not yet open law of nature. The theory of multiple universes will not relieve physicists of discomfort: they will have to find another reason for an insignificant amount of dark energy in our world.
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