Differentiation means varying instruction to meet the needs of diverse learners. This includes accommodating for various cognitive, or intellectual levels, but it also includes varying the modalities of instruction, to accommodate students whose primary or preferred learning style is not the traditional one of visual or auditory (textbook/lecture). This can include modalities such as auditory when lessons are music-based, or at least incorporate music (such as a song). Kinesthetic learners (many of the ADD/ADHD students) recall information best when it is presented in ways that allow them hands-on access or experiences. Incorporating gross body movements (dance, puppets, mime, tumbling, running, jumping, etc.) is another way to engage hyperactive, distractable students, as well as those who are primarily kinesthetic learners. And younger students adore such interactive, moving lesson presentations.
To differentiate for number sense ...
Differentiating instruction for younger mathematics learners for all cognitive levels, including ESL.