Carel Fabritius (1622-1654) was a Dutch painter
and one of Rembrandt's most gifted pupils.
Fabritius was born in Middenbeemster, where he
is thought to have spent a while working as a carpenter. In the
early 1640s he studied at Rembrandt's studio in Amsterdam along
with his brother Barent Fabritius. In the early 1650s he moved to
Delft but only joined the Delft painters' guild in 1652. He died
young, caught in the explosion of the Delft gunpowder magazine on
October 12, 1654, which destroyed a quarter of the city along with
his studio and many of his paintings. Only about a dozen paintings
Fabritius The Goldfinch (1654) showing his use of cool colour harmonies,
delicate lighting effects, and a light backgroundOf all Rembrandt's
pupils, Fabritius was the only one to develop his own artistic style.
A typical Rembrandt portrait would have a plain dark background
with the subject defined by spotlighting. In contrast, Fabritius'
portraits have light-coloured, textured backgrounds and delicately
lit subjects. Moving away from the Renaissance focus on iconography,
Fabritius became interested in the technical aspects of painting.
He used cool colour harmonies and a lighter control of colour to
create shape in a luminarist style of painting.
Fabritius was also interested in perspectival effects,
as can be seen in the exaggerated perspective of A View in Delft,
with a Musical Instrument Seller's Stall (1652). He also showed
excellent control of a heavily loaded brush, as in The Goldfinch
(1654). All these qualities appear in the work of Delft's most famous
painters, Vermeer and de Hooch; it is likely that Fabritius was
a strong influence on them.