- The Roman roads were typically built with layers of stone, all fitted in such a manner as to hold each neighboring stone in place. The roads were created by first cutting the path and then removing the dirt along that path.
- The base layer was called “statumen” and consisted of 30 cm high blocks of hard stone.
- The next layer “ruderatio” was another hard layer, but consisting of rounded stones held together by lime in a specific ratio (1:3).
- For the third layer, rows of blocks were placed along the edges of the roads and then the center was filled with gravel. This “pavimentum” was designed in such a way that the edge rocks were extended where the road widened, and served as a place to mount and dismount one’s horse.
- The “Lastricatura” was the final finishing layer and consisted of basalt, a volcanic material.