Banff National Park in its entirety Banff National Park of Canada beautiful natural and wilderness region in southwest Alberta, Canada. It was declared the first national park on 18th July 1887. It covers 2,564 square miles (6,641 square kilometers) across its eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains and shares a boundary of British Columbia. Yoho and Kootenay park nationals are located adjacent to Banff, located in British Columbia, and Jasper National Park in Alberta is located west of Banff. The majority of the land around the park is in provincial parks or other protected areas. The park’s headquarters are located within the city of Banff, located in the southern region of the park, approximately 80 miles (130 kilometers) from Calgary. Because of its beauty, animal variety, and ongoing geological changes, Banff National Park was declared as a part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks UNESCO World Heritage site in 1984.
Banff National Park trends northwest to southeast across that of the Canadian Rockies between Alberta and British Columbia. The terrain is mostly rough and mountainous. The majority of it comprises high alpine peaks in the Main Ranges section of the Rockies and, in particular, its western part that runs along the Continental Divide. The majority of the area is montane or subalpine terrain and is located within the Front Ranges. The mountains of the region are made up of limestone, shale, and other sedimentary rocks. They are tooth-like in appearance because of glaciation. Many peaks rise over 10,000 feet (3,050 meters) which includes Mount Columbia on the western edge of the park within the Ten Peaks region that reaches 11,365 feet (3,464 meters) and Mount Sir Douglas in the extreme southeast, which has the highest elevation at 11,175ft (3,406 meters). Banff has active glaciers, which include portions of the vast Columbia Icefield to the north and meadows and wetlands montane-like areas of valleys formed by the Bow and Red Deer rivers. Banff is renowned for its stunning alpine lakes, including Lake Louise, stretching northeastward from Mount Columbia, and, only a short distance South, Moraine Lake.
The region is characterized by a temperate climate, which varies depending on the geographical location and the elevation. The summers are moderately warm, with highs during August and July, which are around 72 degF (22 degC) in Banff. Banff and regular afternoon thundershowers. The winter months are long, chilly, but cold—temperatures at night at 5 degrees (-15 degrees Celsius) in January. However, periodic cold snaps can bring temperatures down. It is common for snow to fall from late September through May, with total season-long accumulations of around 10,500 feet (3 meters).
Among the lowland tree species found in the highlands are the Douglas Lazzle pine, Furs aspen, Lodgepole pine, and rarely black spruce. Like the Engleman spruce, limber pine and other conifers grow in the lower elevations of the subtropics and are surrounded by low-growing willow-like hardwoods. The alpine zone above the timberline (approximately 7,550 feet or about 2,300 m) is home to lichens, mosses, and lowland vegetation, but much of the land is covered with barren rocks and snow. Most wildflowers bloom throughout the region, most of which bloom in July and August.
More than a hundred species of mammals live here, including brown (grizzly) and black bears. Elk (moose), moose, dumb deer, as well as coyotes, and wolves. Puma (cougar), large sheep and mountain goats and small mammals, and other rodents, including pika, wolverine, and giant. The park is home to more than 250 birds that inhabit or cross the park during the season. The most common are waterfowl, swallows (Canadian ducks, geese, and teals), and large songbirds. The park’s streams and lakes are home to large numbers of whitefish, trout, and salmon.
Inhabitants of the Banff region for more than 11,000 years. In 1883, workers on the Canadian Pacific Railroad discovered a naturally occurring hot springs in the Bo River Valley. This narrow mountain ecosystem now runs through Banff National Park. In 1885, the Canadian government declared a 10-square-mile (26 sq km) reserve around the springs due to controversy over who owned the hot springs. A few years later, the Rocky Mountain Parks Act named the area Canada’s first national park. In 1930, the park was expanded to 2,585 square miles (6,695 square kilometers) and given its current name. Later, in 1949, the park was changed to its present size.
With three to four million visitors annually, Banff is one of Canada’s most famous national parks and an internationally recognized alpine sports area. Access to the Trans-Canada Expressway from Calgary (the highway runs west through the park) or other roads connects the park from the east, north, and southwest. In addition to Banff’s guest accommodation, there are several camps and camps near the park in Louisville (the northeastern part of Louisville) and other out-of-town communities. Parks (especially in the southeast of Banff, Connor). In addition to the hundreds of kilometers of walking trails throughout the park, Banff’s Winter Sports Ground and Lake Louise provide a variety of recreational activities for visitors. The park has museums in Banff as well as information centers in various locations. The park has several archeological sites, including Lake Vermilion, and the oldest fossil remains of man have been found in Canada.
Park officials and others have long been concerned that large numbers of visitors to the park could adversely affect fish and wildlife habitats, animal migration, and water quality. Every day thousands of people visit the park with tourists and visitors, and the Canadian Pacific Train runs through it, an important railroad that connects East and West across the country. Attention has also been focused on the impact of climate change on the park ecosystem, which is thought to contribute to the gradual warming of glaciers and the contraction of ice sheets. They grow on pests such as white pine beetle erosion and mountain pine beetles and carry and destroy conifers.