A Explosionskrater is a usually recess of the earth's surface.
There are two different kinds of such Krater:
To the Explosionskrater the Impaktkrater resulting from meteorite impact is related.
A volcanic eruption phreatische events, i.e., which with very high Tephraproduktion, concerns here accompanies and which thus is very gas-rich. In this way the Explosionskrater Hverfell at the lake in Iceland e.g. developed.
By the extreme Explosionsdruck under the bomb (Bodennullpunkt) the soil is upward displaced to the sides and. Develops a usually circular lower. At the edges a barrier, a further part develops drops back into the Krater from a part of the ejected material. Depending upon strength of the bomb bomb funnels are of various sizes and long-lived. In some German forest areas or on the island Wangerooge are today still numerous bomb funnels from the Second World War. In the course of the decades ecologically valuable small biotopes can develop in bomb funnels.
See also: Aerial bomb
A Kraterbildung takes place only with surface bursts or with underground detonations, which take place in insufficient depth. With a static positive pressure of approximately 100,000 bar it comes to the Kraterbildung. The Kraterbildung of an atomic explosion is to be used around earth barriers like dams e.g. up-poured to destroy. The developing shock wave in the underground is to destroy bunkers and rocket silos.
|Explosive yield||20 kt||100 kt||500 kt||4.5 Mt|
|Intercontinental missile||Type gnawing ASP AI bomb||GB/USA Trident II||GUS SS-25, SS-27||China DF-5a|
|Hit accuracy||several kilometers||90 m||350 m||500 m|
|Kraterdurchmesser||45 m||73 m||118 m||228 m|
|Shelter destroys||56 m||91 m||147 m||285 m|
These values for the Kraterdurchmesser apply to the detonation on dry and firm underground, whereby the largest part of the energy is delivered aboveground as Luftdruckwelle and radiant heat (principle of the slightest resistance); underground explosions lead to by far larger Kratern. Like that one is the largest Explosionskrater of the Krater of the Sedan experiment from 6 July 1962 on the Nevada The breakup was part of a program for the peaceful use of nuclear weapons for earth movement work.
The Sprengkopf had kt an explosive yield of 104 and as underground detonation in 193 m depth had been ignited. The explosion moved 12 million t soil, caused an artificial earthquake of the strength 4.75 on the judge scale and left a high-radioactively radioactively contaminated Krater with 390 m diameters and a depth of 97 m, thus substantially more largely than the table code. Something similar applies also to Impaktkrater.
Also with damp or soft underground very large Krater develop. One the largest Atombombenkrater at all comes from the Castle Bravo test (15 Mt, largest bomb ignited by the USA) on the Bikini atoll; its diameter amounts to approx. 2000 m, its depth against it only approx. 80 M.
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