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Background: Grazing ruminants are usually infested by one or more nematodes (order Strongylida) which could cause parasitic gastroenteritis. Objective was to determine the occurrence of round worms that infested sheep at AL-Ghalbiyah village, Diyala governorate in Iraq.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on sheep slaughtered by butchers in AL-Ghalbiyah village. After slaughtering, alimentary tract was removed from body cavity, the abomasa ligated at both ends were cut and transport to parasitology laboratory of Veterinary Medicine College of Diyala University for macro-microscopic examination. The abomasa were ligated at both ends and removed from omasum and duodenum. Then, abomasa opened along greater curvature and their contents were thoroughly washed under running water using a mesh sieve and the present nematodes were counted and preserved in 70% alcohol containing 5% glycerin. Results: Infestation rate were of 86% (43 of 50), different genera identified as Ostertagia trifurcata was the most prevalent 74.41%, followed by Haemonchus contortus 18.60% and Parabronema skarjabini 6.97%. In conclusion, the infection of sheep was recorded for the first time in Diyala Governorate, in general and the village AL-Ghalbiyah in particular by worm's Parabronema Skarjabini in abomasa. As for the percentage of infection from highest to lowest, it was as follow Ostertagia Trifurcata and Haemonchus contortus and finally Parabronema Skarjabini.