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The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels
The aorta is an example of an _______.
Modified capillaries that are lined with phagocytes are called ________.
Which tunic of an artery contains endothelium?
Which arteries carry deoxygenated blood?
Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and continuous blood circulation?
The outermost layer of a blood vessel is the tunica intima. True or False
Gas and nutrient exchange occur in the:
Which vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Which statement best describes arteries?
All carry blood away from the heart
The arteries that are also called distributing arteries are the ________.
The arteries that directly feed into the capillary beds are called ________.
Leaky capillaries found in the bone marrow are called_________.
Which of the following is true about veins?
Veins have valves; arteries do not
Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ______
A precapillary sphincter is a cuff of smooth muscle that regulates the flow of blood into the capillaries. True or False
_____ is the pressure that propels blood to the tissues.
Mean Arterial Pressure
Which of the following will lower blood pressure?
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
Which of the following is NOT an important source of resistance to blood flow?
Total Blood Volume
Peripheral resistance ________.
Increases as blood viscosity increases
An increase in blood viscosity will cause an increase in peripheral resistance. True or False
Why is it important that blood pressure drop to lower levels as it reaches the capillary beds?
Capillaries are fragile and extremely permeable
Which of the following is directly involved in long-term blood pressure regulation?
The pulse pressure is ________.
systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
Factors that aid venous return include all except ________.
Which of the following would experience a decreased blood flow during exercise?
Which of the following would experience an increased blood flow during exercise?
Which of the following would not move by diffusion across a capillary into the surrounding tissue?
Arteries supplying the same territory are often merged with one another, forming arterial anastomoses. True or False
The pancreas is an example of an organ with arteries that do not anastomose. True or False
Which of the following chemicals does not help regulate blood pressure?
Aldosterone will ________.
Promote and increase in blood pressure
The baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch are sensitive to which of the following?
Changes in arterial pressure
Hypotension is generally considered systolic blood pressure that is below 100 mm Hg.
Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane. True or False
Veins only carry oxygen deficient blood.
The circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called ________.
Hepatic portal circulation
The hepatic portal vein ________.
Carries nutrient-rich blood to the liver
Arterial pressure in the pulmonary circulation is much higher than in the systemic circulation because of its proximity to the heart. True or False
The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) is an arterial anastomosis. True or False
What do the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovale become at birth?
ligamentum arteriosum; fossa ovalis
The term ductus venosus refers to ________.
a special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver