Children of broken homes have an incredible disadvantage as young adults.
Early-formed brain structures ∞
Imagine more complex problem-solving structures are created on the fly to solve problems the hypothalamus cannot solve, like clay being shaped. Then imagine that situations a child faces help do that. Then imagine how society, parenting, experience, teaching, etc also help. Now imagine a child raised without a father and without that parenting style.
Given all of that, I'd be willing to bet that a child raised without a father literally have different or absent supplementary structures. The number of years it would take to build these unassisted and without the plasticity of youth must be many.
- Case 1: Male criminal behaviour.
Case 2: Female hyper-agreeableness (e.g. "mother bear syndrome", and not uncommonly criminal)