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The Greek phrase (panta rhei) means?
Xenophon belongs to which of the following time periods?
Which Pre-Socratic thinker identified the urstoff as atoms?
De Saussure belongs to which of the following time periods?
· Which branch of philosophy would include the following type of discussion: The question of the immortality of the human mind or soul is necessarily connected to ones understanding of the relationship of the soul to the human body-is this relationship necessary?
· Anaximenes belongs to which of the following time periods?
Rusell belongs to which of the following time periods?
In which does Plato discuss the Allegony of the cave?
Pythogoras belongs to which of the following time periods?
Which Pre-Socratic thinker identified the urstoff as numbers?
· An ethical relativist would argue that?
Consistency is the criterion for good philosophy that states?
Which type of explanation is best associated with Socrates?
Which Pre-Socratic thinker identified the urstoff as the intermediate?
The Greek phrase (logi spermatikoi) means
The Latin word religare means
Thales belongs to which of the following time periods
· Who wrote ‘On the value of philosophy’
The Greek word (panta chorel) means
The pre-Socratic philosophers were primarily concerned with
Plato belong to which of the following time periods
· Who wrote: ‘ Here, as in the matters concerning relativism, the emotion provoked by the mere name tends to muddle the issues and to polarize unnecessarily. When we get through defending and attacking what most people conceive as relativism or what they associate with it, then most of the real work remains to be done’
The argument for a concept of atoms or gods that does not allow room for variants or new experience of information fails which criterion of good thinking/philosophy/science
The Greek word (polis) means
Who wrote the Theogoncy
Anstophanes belongs to which of the following time periods
The study of the form of valid arguments or good reasoning (such as all p’s are q’s. all q’s are s’s therefore all p’s are s’s) is under which branch of philosophy
·The study of the form of valid arguments or good reasoning (such as all p’s are q’s. all q’s are s’s therefore all p’s are s’s) is under which branch of philosophy
A aesthetic relativist would argue that
· Pure mathematics, in so far as it attempts to provide and explanation for our experiences, is an example of:
The Latin word sistere means
Protagoras belongs to which of the following time periods
The ‘Fact-value’ distinction that radically separated ‘facts’ (the ‘sciences’) from ‘values’ (the emotive or sentiment aspects of human experience) emerged
The Modern times ( 1500-1800) with the rise of the sciences of measurment
The Greek word (gingnoskein) means
· The discussion of a ‘parallel universe’ which is beyond/disconnected from the world of our conscious experience fails which criterion of good thinking/philosophy/science
· Literary writing, like that of the novelist Hemingway and Steinbeck, in that it attempts to explain some aspect of human experiences is an example of
Following the text found in the Christian scriptures known as the gospel of john (specifically the prologue of the gospel), one could say
Socrates belongs to which of the following time periods
·Who wrote: ‘the difficulty, my friends, is not death, but in avoiding evil, for evil runs faster than death. I am old and move slowly, and the faster runner has overtaken me, and my accusers are keen and quick and the faster runner, who is evil has overtaken them’
Aristophanes is from which of the following time periods
· Who wrote: ‘to avoid the futility of endless disagreements, some philosophers maintain that there must be objective and universal standards of rationality. This position on the question of rationality is called foundalism. Generally…., foundalisnists hold that we can decide what is rational by appealing to principle that are undeniable to any rational person’
Adler belongs to which of the following time periods
The Greek word (axios) means
What type of explanation is best associated with Thales
Zeno of Critium belongs to which of the following time periods
Which perspective argues that ‘rationality’ is what a particular social group with power values
The Latin word gnoscere means
The Greek word (theos) means
Material explanations such as ‘water’ and ‘fire’
All knowledge arises from reason alone
Copernicus belongs to which of the following time periods
Who wrote ‘The Republic’
The one-world interpretation of Platos theory of forms understands the forms to be
The Latin word relegere means
Which type of explanation of reality is best associated with Homer
· Who wrote: ‘it is like a line divided into two unequal parts, and then divide each section in the same ration, that is the section of visible and that of intelligible. You will then have sections related to each other in proportion to their clarity and obscurity’
Evocative language attempts to
The Greek word (Sophia) means
Which pre-Socratic thinker identified the urstoff as air
Which type of explanation is best associated with Plato
According to the Socratic tradition, Protagoras is associated with
Our experience of nature is related to physics in the same way that religion is related to
Which branch of philosophy is considered to be the preparation for the reset of philosophy/science
The Latin word haerere means
· The rational inquiry into 1st principles or foundational principle (question the ultimate ground of reality) is
· For which type of explanation are consistency and coherency NOT essential criteria
Meta-ethics is that branch of the ethical project which
Attempts to clarify the meaning of ethical term and ides
The Greek word (meta) means
The German word urstoff means
The old English woruld means
· Who wore: ‘[philophizing] can take place anywhere a group of people- or group of one- chooses to gather and inquire philosophically. It can take place around a dining room table, in a church or community center, on a mountain top, in a nursing home, a senior center, a school, a prison’
The critical aspect of philosophical method entails
An investigation into the presuppositions of our thinking
Aristotle belongs to which of the following time periods
· Which branch of philosophy would include the following type of discussion: The fundamental of first principles which by at the bases of all reality can readily be seen as involving both permance and change, one might reasonable argue that all things change, and at the same time reasonable argue that all reality remains the same
·Which of the following types of explanation is shown to be false by scientific explanation
Which of the following types of explanation is shown to be false by scientific explanation
· Who wrote: ‘Dear Crito, your zeal is invaluable if right. If wrong, the greater the zeal, the greater the evil. Therefore we must consider whether those things should be done or not. I am, and always have been, someone who must be guided by reason, whatever the reason may be which, upon reflection, appears to be the best’
The Greek word (dialektikos) means
Socrates believed that wisdom is -----
Being aware of one’s own ignorance
Socrates describes what kind of person as gadfly
· Who wrote: ‘I do nothing by go about persuading you all, old and young alike, not to take thought of yourself or your properties, but to care about the improvement of your soul. I tell you virtue is not acquired with money, but that from virtue come money and every other good of man, public as well as private’
The Greek word (sunero) means
A cognitive relativist would argue that
There are no universally true knowledge claims
· Which branch of philosophy would include the discussion: the Fundamental question has always been the question of existence: what does it mean ‘to exist’ or ‘to be’. Equally important, what does it meant to say something ‘does not exist’
For Russell, authentic philosophical contemplation always
Heraclitus belongs to which of the following time periods
The Latin word scientia means
The Greek word (Anthropos) means
· Who wrote: ‘Then we ought not to retaliate or render evil for evil to any one, whatever evil we may have suffered from him. But I would have you consider, Crito, whether you really mean what you are saying. For this opinion has never been held, and never will be help, by many people. Those who are agreed upon this point have not common ground and can only despise one another when they see how widely they differ’
The Greek word (phainomenon) means
· Which division of philosophy explores the differences between knowledge and opinion
· Which branch of philosophy would include the following discussion: if ‘all humans are mortal’ and ‘Socrates is human’ then it follows that ‘Socrates is mortal’
The word philosophy comes from
The Greek roots meaning ‘ lover of wisdom’
Accounts of the origin of the universe found in the bible, Hindu scripture, and other religious text (like the writing of Hesiod) are examples of
Who coined the word ‘philosophy’
Who wrote ‘ the Nicomachean Ethics’
Socrates held to the doctrine of Ethical Intellectualism that entailed
· Who wrote: ‘Many people think that philosophy is a body of doctrines and that philosophers are people who have answers to difficult questions about the meaning of life. My definition stresses that (1) philosophy is an activity rather than a body of set teachings, and (2) philosophers are as concerned with formulating and understanding questions as they are with finding answers’
· Philo of Alexandria belong to which of the following time periods
The Greek word (mythos) means
Involves the cultivation of mean between extremes
Which Pre-Socratic thinker identified the urstoff as fire-logos
· Who wrote: ‘This, O men of Athens, is the truth and the whole truth. I have concealed nothing. And yet, I know this plainness of speech makes my accusers hate me and what is their hatred by a proof that I am speaking the truth? This the slander of me, as you will find out either in this or in any future inquiry’
Augustine belongs to which of the following time periods
· Persons associated with the ‘scientific revolution’ that separated ‘exact sciences’ from philosophy are
Galileo, Copernicus, Newton
The Latin word munitio means
Modern physics, in that it attempts to provide an explanation for our experiences by appealing to ‘atoms as fundamental stuff’ , is an example of
Freud belongs to which of the following time periods
The Latin word videre means
The Greek word (cosmos) means
The Greek word (etymon) means
Persons associated with the ‘Psychological Revolution’ that separated ‘science of the mind’ from philosophy are
Jung, Freud, and Adler
The belief that ‘x is blue’ and ‘x is not blue’ at the same time and in the same respect fails which criterion of good thinking/philosophy/science
The Greek word (telos) means
· Foundationalists often respond to the anti-foundationalist (constructivism) by arguing that ----
The anti-foundationalist’s position amounts to relativism
The Latin word aequare means
The Greek word (phusis) means
Chomsky belongs to which of the following time periods
The Germanic root wer means
The father of Western philosophy is
· Which branch of philosophy would include the following type of discussion: One ought act only in accordance with that rule which one can will to be universalized – to never treat persons as merely means to an end, but as an end in themselves
· Which type of explanation is best associated with Protagoras (a sophist)
· The Greek word agape means
· The Germanic root alt means
A difference (or similarity) between Aristotle’s and Plato’s ethics is
Aristotle’s is goal directed, Plato’s is doing the good for the goods sake
· The Greek word (aisthesis) means
When Socrates says ‘the unexamined life is not worth living’, he means that
Critical reflection of thought and action is necessary for meaning
The Greek term (hoi polio) means
Newton belongs to which of the following time periods
Who claimed ‘All things are composed of water’
A extreme constructivist would argue
The Latin word lingua means
Who wrote: ‘Relativism’
The Latin word planus means
The Greek word (empeirikos) means
The Greek word (ontos) means
Gottfriend Leibniz belongs to which of the following time periods
· If the word ‘proof’ or ‘prove’ means that one has demonstrated a necessary truth, then one must be working an
A priori/deductive science
The Greek word (homos) means
The charges brought against Socrates by the Athenians was
Corruption of the youth and impiety (atheism)
The principle of Excluded Middle is usually expressed as
o P v ~p
An a priori statement is one which
The meaning is independent of sense data collection
· The belief that 17+3=20 (as understood by a mathematician, not just someone who has memorized addition) is
A priori and arrived at through deduction
The Greek term onoma means
The terminus a quo of method is
The Greek term (dolos) means
· The following is an example of -----. Everyone experiences a world of things (trees, houses, horses). I propose the hypothesis that there exists a god which must be the cause of this world of things
The Latin word plicare means
The Latin expression adaequatio intellectus et rei means
· The Latin word sumere means
All of the aboveThe Latin word modus ponens means
The Latin word differe means
·The Latin term auctoritas means
The Greek term (pragma) means
· Euclid belongs to which of the following time periods
The Greek term (hodos) means
According to Pierce belief is like a
Those with power and prestige fix belief
The root of the Greek term (a-letheia) means
· The principle of non-contradiction is usually expressed as
The Greek term (pseudologoi) means
The Greek word (apate) means
The Latin term ferre means
the Greek word praxis means
Which of the following is an example of Modus Tollens
If it is raining, then I am carrying an umbrella. I am not carrying an umbrella. Therefore, it is not raining
John the Evengelist belongs to which of the following time periods
If believing in ‘p’ is more reasonable than withholding from any other proposition, the ‘p’ is ----- for that conscious subject
Within the methodology of Judeo-Christianity, the axiomatic claim ‘god exist’ is usually
Non-propositional belief speech act (lacks truth value)
there are no universally true knowledge claims
Aristotle recognized that if 'something' existed then
induce a paradigm shift (cause us to see our world differently
Explanatory language attempts to
The argument that the word "god" is a mystery and we cannot know what the word means, fails which criterion of good thinking/philosophy/science?
The belief that "x is blue" and "x is not blue" at the same time and in the same respect fails which criterion of good thinking/philosophy/science?
Literary writing, like that of Hemingway or Steinbeck, in that it attempts to explain some aspect of human experience is an example of
Mathematics, in so far as it attempts to provide an explanation for our experiences, is an example of
Augustine, Tertullian and Origin
de Saussure, Chomsky and Bloomfield
Which branch of philosophy investigates the existence and essence of the gods?
Which branch of philosophy specifically investigates the nature of the physical world (contemporary physics is a branch of it)?
material explanations such as 'water' and 'fire'
The one-world interpretation of Plato's theory of forms understands the forms to be
The philosophical study of values is
The pre-Socratic philosophers were primarily concerned with
What were the charges which the Athenian court brought against Socrates?
For which type of explanation are consistency and coherency NOT essential criteria?
'The law of non-contradiction' states:
Hesiod's text The Theogony explores
Which type of explanation can produce universal principles?
A good philosophical theory does NOT need to
Socrates believed that wisdom is ____
Ethnocentric imperialism amounts to holding that the standards your community recognizes as rational should be the standards all communities recognize as rational. TRUE OR FALSE
to ask questions which have no definite answers in any field of knowledge
both begin phenomenologically
The following is an example of _________________. My hypothesis for explaining a given phenomenon does not explain all of the observed elements (but most); therefore those that do not fit should be ignored because they are irrelevant---the remainder do fit, thus demonstrating the reasonableness of my hypothesis.
The following is an example of _________________. Everyone experiences a world of things (trees, houses, horses, etc.). I propose the hypothesis that 'there exists a god which must be the cause of this world of things'.
The following is an example of ___________? I have had numerous experiences of things dropping off the table; I construct a hypothetical explanation that the cause of these 'falling things' is a demon which haunt the table and is making things fall.
The terminus a quo of a method is
The Greek term ‘odoV (hodos) means:
p v ~p (p or not p)
The Principle of Identity can be express as
For Peirce, the scientific method is the ideal method because
Moulton argues in favor of
Axiomatic truths are
If the word 'proof' or 'prove' means that one has demonstrated a necessary truth, then one must be working in an
a priori/deductive science
Logic and mathematics can deliver knowledge claims which are
a priori and arrived at through deduction
Which of the following is not an example of 'propositional truth'?
According to Peirce what does doubt cause us to experience?
Within the methodology of physical science, the claim "God exists" is
The logical truth A=A (principle of identity) is what kind of truth?
derived and a priori
Someone who suspends judgment about some things at one time or another is a
The epistemological position known as evidentialism is best associated with
One important difference between empiricism and rationalism is ____.
a methodical skeptic
calls into question belief about things from time to time
the derived claim 2+2=4 within the domain of mathematics
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