To create a genetically identical offspring of a mango tree a graft is required. This involves implanting a live stem, called a scion, from the desired mango tree into a root stock from a different variety of mango. The root stock will then nourish the stem as it grows. The two will eventually merge to form one plant that will bear fruit like the tree the scion came from. Grafting a fruit tree requires some special care, preparation and treatment. The Modified Cleft Graft is a relatively easy way to graft a mango scion to small root stock.
Creating the Graft
Select a young mango tree for root stock from a hardy, disease resistant variety.
Cut off a low branch from the root stock tree no more than 1/2 inch in diameter with a sharp knife, leaving about a foot long stub. The cut should be clean and straight.
Make a small cut down into the center of the branch to slightly split it. Do not split the branch too deeply.
Select a stem from a tree of the desired variety of mango for the scion. Ideally, the stem should be around the same diameter as the branch on the root stock. Ensure the stem has bud nodes on it.
Trim the cut tip of the scion at an angle on both sides to form a wedge-shaped point. This will expose as much of the inner bark as possible.
Insert the wedge end of the scion into the root stock. Align one edge of the inner bark of the scion to be in contact with the inner bark of the root stock.
Bind the union tightly with grafting tape then cover the tape entirely with grafting compound.
Continue to feed and water the root stock regularly to encourage growth.
Remove the tape as soon as the scion shows signs of growth. Allow the union to completely heal, then plant as you would any other tree.