Geography: Unit V Exam
Total points = 100
5 display TF = 1 point each
25 display MC = 3 points each
2 display FRQs = 5 points each
1 display FRQs = 10 points each
OBJECTIVE A-1: Locate (absolute and relative) the countries of Western Europe and major Western
European cities, such as Paris, Rome, London, and Berlin.
1) London is east of Paris.
@ False. London is northwest of Paris.
2) Spain is west of France.
@ True. Spain is west of France.
3) Paris is southeast of London.
@ True. Paris is southeast of London.
OBJECTIVE B-1: Determine the types of food available in regions of Western Europe based upon the
4) The majority of the Western European agriculture takes place on the Great European Plain.
@ True. The majority of the Western European agriculture takes place on the Great European Plain.
5) Although Western Europe is very industrially developed, agriculture is the main form of land use.
@ True. Although Western Europe is very industrially developed, agriculture is the main form of land
6) Dairy farming predominantly takes place on a ribbon of land along the Mediterranean.
@ False. Dairy farming predominantly is located in the Alps of France, Switzerland, and Austria.
OBJECTIVE C-1: Analyze the impact of ancient civilizations on present-day society.
7) Rome is widely referred to as the cradle of Western Civilization and the birthplace of Democracy.
@ False. Greece is widely referred to as the cradle of Western Civilization and the birthplace of
8) The cultural achievements of Greece during the 5th century BC laid the foundations of Western
@ True. The cultural achievements of Greece during the 5th century BC laid the foundations of Western
9) Rome was a republic ruled by senators (wealthy landowners) and the people.
@ True. Rome was a republic ruled by senators (wealthy landowners) and the people.
OBJECTIVE D-1: Explain acid deposition, its causes and solutions.
10) "Acid deposition" is a broad term used to describe several ways that acids fall out of the
@ True. "Acid deposition" is a broad term used to describe several ways that acids fall out of the
11) Acid rain became a major transboundary environmental issue in the late twentieth century in
@ True. Acid rain became a major transboundary environmental issue in the late twentieth century in
12) In the 21st century, the threat from acid deposition has actually been declining.
@ False. Acid deposition is a growing danger with industry booming throughout the world.
Objective B-3: Identify the major bodies of water in Western Europe.
13) The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea between western Greece and southern Italy.
@ True. The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea between western Greece and southern Italy.
14) The Mediterranean Sea is the world’s smallest inland sea.
@ False. The Mediterranean Sea is the world’s largest inland sea.
15) The Aegean Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean between Greece and Turkey.
@ True. The Aegean Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean between Greece and Turkey.
Objective A-1: Locate (absolute and relative) Western European countries and major Western European
cities, such as Paris, Rome, London, and Berlin.
16) Which of the following cities is the capital of country #1?
@ Dublin is the capital of Ireland.
17) Which of the following is the capital of country #5?
@ Paris is the capital of France.
18) Which of the following cities is the capital of country #8?
@ Rome is the capital of Italy.
19) Which of the following countries is #5?
20) Which of the following countries is country #1?
c. The United Kingdom
21) Which of the following countries is #6?
Objective A-3: Describe the division of regions such as the British Isles, Mediterranean Europe, and
22) Which of the following countries is not part of the United Kingdom?
@ Ireland is not part of the United Kingdom.
23) What is the significance of Hadrian’s Wall?
@ The wall marked the northern defensive boundary of Roman Britain
a. The wall was a monument to fallen Roman soldiers.
b. The wall marked the boundary between Ancient Greece and Rome.
c. The wall was built as a temporary structure but lasted hundreds of years.
*d. The wall marked the northern defensive boundary of Roman Britain.
24) Emperor Hadrian had a wall built to separate the Romans from the Barbarians in what is now what
@ Hadrian’s Wall is located in what is now northern England and Scotland.
25) The blue countries on the map below are part of what region of Europe?
@ Mediterranean Europe
*a. Mediterranean Europe
b. Western Europe
c. Eastern Europe
d. Coastal Europe
26) Which of the following countries is not considered part of Mediterranean Europe?
@ France is generally not considered part of Mediterranean Europe.
27 Which area is not considered part of the British Isles?
@ Ireland is not considered part of the British Isles.
a. North Wales
b. South Wales
c. Northern Ireland
Objective A-4: Analyze the settlement patterns that occurred from ancient times to the present.
28) Why are settlement pattern studies also called non-site archaeology?
@ Settlement pattern studies involve investigations which examine regions or areas, rather than
focusing on individual sites.
*a. Settlement pattern studies investigate regions, not individual sites.
b. Settlement pattern studies are not really investigating settlement or patterns.
c. Settlement pattern studies focus on areas without any sites to investigate.
d. Settlement pattern studies are only investigated by archaeologists.
29) What are the three main patterns of settlement?
@ The three main patterns of settlement are linear, scattered, and clustered
a. lines, dots, dashes
b. linear, triangular, circular
*c. linear, scattered, clustered
d. clustered, organized, random
30) Put the following settlement patterns in the proper order, representing how most areas of Western
Europe grew over time … nucleated town, linear hamlet, t-shaped village.
@ Most areas of Western Europe grew over time in the following order: linear hamlet, t-shaped village,
a. linear hamlet, nucleated town t-shaped village
*b. linear hamlet, t-shaped village, nucleated town
c. nucleated town, t-shaped village, linear hamlet
d. t-shaped village, linear hamlet, nucleated town
Objective A-5: Describe different types of economic activity, such as agriculture, industry, and coastal
sustenance, in various regions of Western Europe.
31) Which of the following countries is often described as two countries; a progressive north dominated
by a post-industrial economy and a stagnant, economically depressed south?
@ Italy is often described as two countries because the north is progressing while the south is
32) Describe the agriculture of Portugal.
@ Portugal has small and inefficient farms and must import most of its food.
*a. Small and inefficient farms. Must import most of its food.
b. Robust agricultural center. Exports many agricultural products.
c. Traditional farming system provides most of the country’s food.
d. Large plantation-style farms owned by single families.
33) Describe the agriculture of Greece.
@ An agrarian country, Greece is self-sufficient in staple foods and imports only livestock products.
a. Due to poor soil quality, Greece is forced to import many staple foods as well as livestock.
b. Greece imports most food to support its urban centers, but relies on small farms in rural areas.
*c. An agrarian country, Greece is self-sufficient in staple foods and imports only livestock products.
d. Greece is an important exporter of livestock products as well as staple foods.
34) Why are the activities of Mediterranean Europe limited to agricultural products such as wine?
@The region of Mediterranean Europe has been deforested and there are very few mineral resources.
a. The region will not break with tradition.
*b. The region has been deforested and there are very limited mineral resources.
c. The region can make large profits on agricultural products.
d. The region has been designated an important agricultural center by the EU.
35) Why is the South of Italy so different from the North of Italy?
@ The South of Italy suffers from economic disarray, corruption and state-run activities.
a. The North is most visited by tourists which drive the economy of the region.
b. The South has all the important industry in the region.
c. The North has close political ties to the Vatican.
*d. The South suffers from economic disarray, corruption and state-run activities.
36) Why is Catalonia an important region in Spain?
@ Catalonia produces 25 percent of Spanish exports and nearly 40 percent of its industrial exports.
a. It is the largest tourist destination in Spain.
*b. It produces 25 percent of Spanish exports and nearly 40 percent of its industrial exports.
c. It is world famous for its wine and port exports.
d. It is the seat of the Spanish legislature and controls all fiscal policy.
Objective B-1: Determine the types of food available in regions of Western Europe based upon the
37) Mediterranean polyculture is grown in a region most similar to which agricultural region of the U.S.?
a. The Southeast
b. New England
d. The Southwest
38) In what region would you find deep rooted plants and vines such as olives and grapes grown?
@ In the Mediterranean coastal region you would find deep rooted plants and vines such as olives and
a. Alps mountain region
*b. Mediterranean coast
c. British Isles
d. North and Baltic Sea shores
39) Where does mixed livestock and crop farming predominantly occur?
@ Mixed livestock and crop farming predominantly occurs between the northern dairy belt and the
a. Above the northern dairy belt
b. In the Alps region
*c. Between the northern dairy belt and the Mediterranean polyculture
d. Below the Mediterranean polyculture
Objective B-2: Identify climate regions of Western Europe and the flora and fauna present in the
40) What causes Europe’s mild climate?
@ Gulf Stream winds cause Europe’s mild climate.
a. Proximity to the Mediterranean
*b. Gulf Stream winds
c. Lack of precipitation
d. The Alps mountain barrier
41) What is the main flora in Europe?
@ The main flora in Europe is forests.
a. Vineyards and deep rooted plants
d. Olive trees
42) What is the most important influence that moderates the temperatures throughout Western
@ The Atlantic Ocean is the most important influence that moderates the temperatures throughout
a. The Mediterranean Sea
b. The Alps
c. The Bay of Biscay
*d. The Atlantic Ocean
Objective B-3: Identify major bodies of water in Western Europe.
43) What is the geographical significance of the English Channel?
@ The English Channel separates England from France.
a. Separates the British Isles from the Isle of Man
b. Separates British Isles from the Mediterranean
*c. Separates England from France
d. Important trade route to Western Europe
44) According to the map below, the red line represents what river?
@ The Danube River is the longest international river in Europe. It flows trough Germany, Austria,
Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, FR Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldavia and Ukraine.
a. Po River
b. Rhine River
*c. Danube River
d. English River
insert image: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Danubemap.JPG
45) On the map below, the blue line represents which important European river?
@ The Rhine River, whose name comes from the Celtic word renos, meaning raging flow, begins at the
Rheinwaldhorn Glacier in the Swiss Alps and flows north and east approximately 820 miles (1,320 km).
a. Po River
*b. Rhine River
c. Danube River
d. English River
Create image similar to…http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/rivers/rhine.htm
just need a map zoomed in on length of the Rhine River in Europe… with the Rhine river highlighted
with a large blue line… but not labeled. Can be cropped and zoomed in image from edited image
created for “Geo_U5_B_page6” to save time.
46) The Rhine River flows through what four countries?
@ The Rhine River flows through Switzerland, Germany, France and Netherlands
a. Germany, France, England, Spain
b. Germany, Luxembourg, France, Austria
*c. Switzerland, Germany, France and Netherlands
d. Switzerland, Belgium, Germany, France
47) Where is the source of the Rhine River?
@ The source of the Rhine River is the Swiss Alps.
*a. Swiss Alps
b. Black Sea
c. Mediterranean Sea
48) On the map below, what is the name of the river traveling through the center of Italy?
@ The Po River, Italy’s longest river, runs approximately 650 kilometers (400 miles) from the
southwestern Alps to the Adriatic Sea, passing indirectly through Milan, and through Turin.
a. Danube River
b. Rhine River
*c. Po River
d. English River
Objective B-4: Define geographical terms relevant to Western Europe, such as peninsula, loess, acid
rain, and glaciations.
49) Why are loess sediments important?
@ Loess sediments are some of the most fertile soils there are.
*a. Extremely fertile soils
b. Preventing soil erosion
c. Tracking historical agricultural trends
d. Tourist attraction
50) Although loess soils and sediments cover about 1/10 of the earth, approximately what percentage of
Europe contains loess?
@ Approximately 1/5 of Europe contains loess.
51) Why is the potential loss of glaciation in the Alps a concern for Europe?
@ Glaciers are crucial in providing fresh drinking water, and are also key for tourism, irrigation and
a. Glaciers provide fresh drinking water
b. Tourists visit the glaciers annually
c. Source of hydro-power
*d. All of the above.
52) What was the impact of glaciation on the Netherlands?
@ Glaciation created numerous small lakes which gradually filled with humus to make marshes. Some of
these were drained to make mucklands, which are primarily used for high value crops such as
*a. Provided mucklands to grow crops.
b. Provided a perpetual source of drinking water.
c. Provided a natural drainage system for the region.
d. Provided hydro-power resources.
53) What does Cape Finisterre and Italy have in common?
@ Cape Finisterre and Italy are both peninsulas.
a. The national language of both places is Italian.
b. The main agricultural export of both places is olives.
*c. They are both peninsulas.
d. They are both independent island nations.
54) The image below is an example of what type of geology?
@ The image is an example of loess.
insert image: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2006_Dirmstein-Loesswand3.jpg
Objective B-5: Report the events of the volcanic eruption at Pompeii in 79 CE.
55) Who ruled Pompeii in 79 CE – the year of the volcanic eruption?
@ The Romans ruled Pompeii in 79 CE.
56) What mountain erupted in 79 CE in Pompeii?
@ Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE in Pompeii.
a. Mount Helen
b. Mount Rhine
c. Mount Vesuvius
d. Mount Sorrento
57) Why is Pompeii referred to as the “lost city?”
@ The eruption was so severe it covered the city in ash – hiding it but almost mummifying it – for 1700
*a. It was hidden under 60 feet of ash for 1700 years.
b. The ruins are only partially visible to tourists.
c. The city was politically insignificant, but the geological importance is incredible.
d. It was situated on the coast before the eruption, but now it is more inland.
58) How many people lived in Pompeii at the time of the eruption?
@ 20,000 people lived in Pompeii at the time of the eruption.
59) Why was Pompeii discovered in 1738?
@ Workmen were building a summer palace for the King of Naples and discovered the lost city of
a. Archaeologists suspected its existence and sent a team to Pompeii.
*b. Workmen were building a summer palace for the King of Naples.
c. Another eruption cleared away centuries of debris.
d. An earthquake disturbed the city under the ash and allowed people to view the ruins.
60) What is the biggest problem facing Pompeii today?
@ The biggest problem facing Pompeii today is conserving the site and protecting it from the elements.
a. Lack of informed visitors
*b. Conserving the site and protecting it from the elements
c. Who owns the archaeological ruins
d. The potential for another eruption
Objective C-1: Analyze the impact of ancient civilizations on present-day society.
61) Why is Greece referred to as the “cradle of civilization” and the “birthplace of democracy?”
@ Greece is referred to as the “cradle of civilization” and the “birthplace of democracy” largely due to
the impact of its cultural and political achievements during the 5th and 4th centuries BCE on the rest of
the then known European Continent.
a. Due to the birth of many famous political leaders in the region during modern times.
*b. Due to the impact of its cultural and political achievements during the 5th and 4th centuries BCE.
c. Due to its location in the vibrant Mediterranean.
d. Due the historical connections to the current European Union.
62) Beginning in 509 BCE, what was the predominant form of government in the Rome?
@ Beginning in 509 BCE, Rome was a republic ruled by senators (wealthy landowners and elders) as well
as the people.
*a. Rome was a republic ruled by senators (wealthy landowners and elders) as well as the people.
b. Rome was a democracy with power shared between the people and elders.
c. Rome was a republic ruled by emperors and wealthy land barons.
d. Rome was a democracy styled after the Greek empire.
63) Where was the earliest democracy?
@ The earliest democracy in the world began in Athens, in 510 BC.
64) What does the word “democracy” mean?
@ Democracy means the rule of the people (in Greek).
a. rule of the gods
*b. rule of the people
c. rule by the elite
d. shared rule
65) Describe the Athenian justice system.
@ Juries decided criminal and property cases as well as whether or not laws were legal.
a. The Athenian justice system decided only criminal cases.
b. The Athenian justice system decided only property cases.
c. The Athenian justice system decided both criminal and property cases.
*d. The Athenian justice system decided both criminal and property cases as well as the legality of laws.
66) Who were the strategoi of Greece?
@ The stragoi of Greece were generals elected by the Assembly to control the navy and army and
basically ran the government, similar to US President.
a. Generals elected by the Assembly under the control of the Boule – much like the Speaker of the
b. Generals elected by the people who ran the army and navy – much like the Secretary of State
*c. Generals elected by the Assembly who essentially ran the government – much like the US President
d. Generals elected by the people who controlled the army and navy and ran the government
Objective C-2: Compare and contrast the ancient Athenian and Spartan civilizations.
67) Why were the Spartans able to focus on getting strong and preparing for war?
@ Spartans were able to focus on getting strong and preparing for war because they enslaved the
Messenians, whom they called "helots" and made them farm the land.
*a. Spartan men did not have to worry about farming because they had slaves to do it for them.
b. Spartans believed getting strong was more important than reading and writing.
c. Spartan women did all the cooking, cleaning, and weaving, so the men could focus on war.
d. Spartan women farmed the land, raised the children, and took on all household responsibilities.
68) Compare the views of ancient Sparta and ancient Athens on the subject of education.
@ Athenian males were expected to read and write above all else, while Spartan boys were expected to
a. Athens valued education and family, while Sparta valued only education.
*b. Athens valued education above all else, while Sparta valued physical fitness above all else.
c. Athens valued education for boys and girls, while Sparta valued education for boys only.
d. Athens valued education for boys, while Sparta believed in education for both boys and girls.
69) Compare the use of slaves in ancient Sparta and ancient Athens.
@ Both cities used slaves, but Athens used them to assist the Athenian men or do household chores,
while Sparta used them exclusively for working the land without Spartan assistance.
a. Both cities used slaves for similar purposes.
b. Athens did not believe in slaves, but Sparta used them relentlessly to work the fields.
*c. Athens and Sparta both used slaves, but Athenian men and women would work with the slaves to
complete necessary tasks.
d. Athens used slaves exclusively in the homes, while Sparta used slaves in the fields.
Objective C-4: Identify works of art from French Impressionists, and the characteristics of the
70) Below is the first painting to receive the label, Impressionist, who was the painter?
71) What was the goal of Impressionist art?
@ The goal of Impressionist art was concentration on the general impression produced by a scene or
object and simulating actual reflected light.
a. Impress paint upon the canvas to simulate a modern feeling.
*b. Focus on the general impression of the scene and simulate reflected light.
c. Create a painting that was slightly unclear in its subject.
d. Describe the emotions of the artist without allowing the viewer to see too much detail.
72) Where was Impressionism centered?
@ France was the center of Impressionism.
73) The painting below was done by an American Impressionist painter. Which one of the following
artists created the painting below?
@ Mary Cassatt, an American Impressionist painter, painted The Bath.
insert image: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cassatt_Mary_Lydia_Leaning_on_Her_Arms_1879.jpg
74) Which Impressionist artist painted the artwork below?
@ Pierre-Auguste Renoir painted La Moulin de la Galette, 1876, now at the Musée d'Orsay.
Insert image: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Renoir21.jpg
75) When did Impressionism, as a movement, begin to fade out as an intellectual school?
@ Impressionism, as a movement, began to fade out as an intellectual school at the end of the 19th
a. End of 17th century
b. End of 18th century
*c. End of 19th century
d. End of 20th century
Objective D-1: Explain acid deposition, its causes and solutions.
76) Which of the following are anthropogenic sources of acid rain?
@ Industrial emissions and other man-made polluters are anthropogenic sources of acid rain.
a. volcano emissions, lightning, and microbial processes
*b. industrial emissions and other man-made polluters
c. smokestacks and volcano emissions
d. microbial processes and fuel combustion
77) Which of the following are natural causes of acid rain?
@ Volcano emissions, lightning, and microbial processes are some of the natural causes of acid rain.
*a. volcano emissions, lightning, and microbial processes
b. industrial emissions and other man-made polluters
c. smokestacks and volcano emissions
d. microbial processes and fuel combustion
78) Although both humans and nature cause this corrosive precipitation, approximately what proportion
of acid rain is attributable to humans?
@ 2/3 of acid rain is attributable to humans.
79) Where are problems with acid deposition found?
@ Problems with acid deposition are found in aquatic environments, forests and human environments.
a. predominantly forests and human environments
b. forests and small bodies of water
c. predominantly aquatic environments
*d. aquatic environments, forests and human environments
80) How does acid deposition impact aquatic environments?
@ Fish that absorb the chemicals die, become sterile, or produce mutated offspring and are too full of
mercury to eat.
a. Fish do not often die, but they do become too full of toxins to be consumed by humans
b. Aquatic environments become temporarily lifeless while new species of fish who can tolerate the acid
deposition replenish the stock
*c. Fish that absorb the chemicals either die, become sterile or produce mutated offspring, and are too
full of mercury to eat
d. Aquatic environments are not directly impacted by acid deposition
81) What is the best solution to the problem of increasing acid deposition?
@ The best solution to the problem of increasing acid deposition is a combination of approaches
including technical fixes such as clean coal technology, catalytic converters on cars, combined with
schemes to reduce traffic in cities, education to encourage the public to use their cars less, and the
further development of alternative fuels that are not harmful to the environment.
a. Clean coal technology
b. Encouraging citizens to use their cars less
c. Alternative bio-fuel development
*d. A combination of approaches including all of the above.
Objective D-2: Describe the effects of glacial processes on the Alps.
82) What caused most of the current landscape features of the Alps region.
@ Many of the landscape features found owe their origins to ice movement and deposition of eroded
a. Tectonic plate movement
*b. Ice movement and deposition of eroded material
c. Accelerated river erosion
d. Global warming
83) What is the difference between erosional landforms and depositional landforms?
@ Erosional landforms tend to be located where the ice developed and moved from, while depositional
landforms tend dominate where the ice flowed to, namely towards the edges of an ice mass.
a. Erosional landforms dominate an area where the ice flows to, while depositional landforms are found
where ice flows from.
b. Erosional landforms and depositional landforms are two words for the same type of landform.
*c. Erosional landforms occur where ice developed and moved from, while depositional landforms are
found where ice flows to.
d. Erosional landforms and depositional landforms occur at the edges of an ice mass.
84) How were the deep ravines and rock steps of the Alps formed?
@ Thicker ice created greater erosion, causing deep ravines and rock steps. Faster flowing ice also
created more erosion.
*a. thicker ice and faster flowing ice
b. slow ice melt due to low temperatures
c. thin layers of ice melting gradually over time
d. There are no deep ravines and rock steps in the Alps region.
85) What is glaciation?
@ Glaciation is where precipitation in the form of snow has covered an area and has eventually been
converted into ice by force of gravity and pressure.
a. Glaciation is the process by which mountains are formed.
b. Glaciation is the process of melting ice caps due to global warming.
*c. Glaciation is the process whereby snow has been converted to ice by the force of gravity and
d. Glaciation is the process of ravine formation due to extensive ice coverage over a large area of land.
86) Where is most accumulation of glacial ice found?
@ The most accumulation of glacial ice is found near mountains or near the poles.
a. Arctic Circle
b. spread throughout the continents
c. predominantly near the equator, at high elevations
*d. mountains or near the poles
87) Generally when do glaciers advance downward, causing further erosional landforms?
@ During colder seasons glaciers tend to advance downward, causing further erosional landforms.
a. Throughout the entire year
*b. During colder seasons
c. During times of excess precipitation in the form of snow
d. November and December
Objective D-4: Analyze the process and impact of creating genetically modified food.
88) Which of the following can be genetically engineered?
@ Genetic engineering can be done with plants, animals, or micro-organisms.
*d. all of the above
89) Overall, what is the reaction in Europe to genetically engineered food?
@ Europe is leading the fight against genetically engineered food.
a. Europe has not taken a position on genetically engineered food.
b. Europe has the most scientists in the world dedicated to genetically engineering food.
*c. Europe is leading the fight against genetically engineered food.
d. Europe is supporting genetically engineered plants, but not genetically engineered animals.
90) Which of the following crops served as the lightning rod for the European debate over genetically
@ Amflora Potatoes served as the lightning rod for the European debate over genetically engineered
91. Why is Greece referred to as the “cradle of civilization” and the “birthplace of democracy?”
@ It is widely referred to as the cradle of Western Civilization and the birthplace of Democracy, largely
due to the impact of its cultural and political achievements during the 5th and 4th centuries BCE on the
rest of the then known European Continent.
92. What are some solutions to the problem of acid deposition?
@ The best solution to the problem of increasing acid deposition is a combination of approaches.
Technical fixes, such as clean coal technology and catalytic converters on cars might help reduce some
of the anthropogenic emissions. Reducing traffic in cities, educating people to use their cars less, and
building more greenways and bike paths could also help reduce man-made pollutants. Some people
suggest that further developing bio-fuels is also a way to reduce emissions, but that solution has its own
source of problems.
93. What are some of the potential risks and benefits to genetically modified organisms?
@Answers may vary. However, the responses could include any of the answers from the following
Potential Benefits of GMOs Potential Risks of GMOs
More nutritious food Unexpected or harmful genetic
Disease and drought resistant plants Extinction of original organism due to
Faster growing plants and animals Less resistant to some pests
Decreased use of pesticides More susceptible to certain diseases
Increased supply of food with longer Unexpected environmental effects
94. Compare the three distinct types of Western European agriculture. Identify the region and what is
grown or produced that makes that type of agriculture unique.
@ The distinct types of agriculture are Mediterranean polyculture, dairy farming, and mixed livestock
and crop farming. Mediterranean polyculture, subsistence agriculture, based on the triad of wheat, the
olive, and the grape. Dairy farming takes up a considerable area to the north of the Mediterranean.
This belt is located in the Alps of France, Switzerland, and Austria. A second dairy belt exists, in the
north, starting in the British Isles and the Breton Peninsula along the shores of the North and Baltic seas.
The best known type of integrated mixed farming is probably the case of mixed crop-livestock systems.
In Western Europe, this type of farming primarily occurs between the northern dairy belt and the ribbon
of Mediterranean polyculture.
95. How did the cultures of both ancient Greece and Rome influence the political system of the United
@ The earliest democracy in the world can be traced back to Athens. It began in 510 BCE. The very
word Democracy comes from a Greek word meaning government by the people. The Greek suffix -
kratia or kratos - means "power" or "rule" and the Greek word demos means “people.” The Greeks
even had leaders, called strategoi, who acted much like our President acts today. The strategoi were
elected by the Greek Assembly and controlled the navy and army and basically ran the government. The
impact of ancient Rome can also be seen in our modern system of government. Beginning as early as
509 BCE, Rome was a republic ruled by wealthy landowners and elders, who were called Senators, and
96. Why is Pompeii considered a “lost city?” What are the current issues facing the area and what is
being done to solve these issues?
@ The “lost city” of Pompeii was an incredible discovery in 1738. Since then, millions of tourists have
traveled to Italy to view this incredible discovery of a city completed buried in ash almost 2000 years
ago. The primary concern facing historians and archaeologists today is conserving this site and
protecting it from tourists and the elements.