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This title was assumed by the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar.
The Jews paid tribute to Caesar (Matt. 22:17), and all Roman citizens had the right of appeal to him (Acts 25:11). The Caesars referred to in the New Testament are Augustus (Luke 2:1), Tiberius (Luke 3:1; 20:22), Claudius (Acts 11:28), and Nero (Acts 25:8; Phil. 4:22).