38. The American Cowboy
The cowboy is the hero of many movies.
He is, even today, a symbol of courage and adventure. But what was the life of
the cowboy really like?
The cowboy's job is clear from the word
cowboy. Cowboys were men who took care of cows and other cattle. The cattle
were in the West and in Texas. People in the cities of the East wanted beef
from these cattle. Trains could take the cattle east. But first the cattle had
to get to the trains. Part of the cowboy's job was to take the cattle hundreds
of miles to the railroad towns.
The trips were called cattle drives. A
cattle drive usually took several months. Cowboys rode for sixteen hours a day.
Because they rode so much, each cowboy brought along about eight horses. A
cowboy changed horses several times each day.
The cowboys had to make sure that the
cattle arrived safely. Before starting on a drive, the cowboys branded the
cattle. They burned a mark on the cattle to show who they belonged to. But
these marks didn't stop rustlers, or cattle thieves. Cowboys had to protect the
cattle from rustlers. Rustlers made the dangerous trip even more dangerous.
Even though their work was very
difficult and dangerous, cowboys did not earn much money. They were paid badly.
Yet cowboys liked their way of life. They lived in a wild and open country.
They lived a life of adventure and freedom.