CHAP. XII. FEAR. 289 lie has heard that this is their usual gesture on such oc- casions. Captain Speedy informs me that the Abys- sinians place their right hand to the forehead, with the palm outside. Lastly, Mr. Washington Matthews states that the conventional sign of astonishment with the wild tribes of the western parts of the United States " is made by placing the half-closed hand over the mouth; in doing this, the head is often bent forwards, and words or low groans are sometimes uttered." Catlin 14 makes the same remark about the hand being pressed over the mouth by the Mandans and other Indian tribes. Admiration..—Little need be said on this head. Ad- miration apparently consists of surprise associated with some pleasure and a sense of approval. When vividly felt, the eyes are opened and the eyebrows raised; the eyes become bright, instead of remaining blank, as under simple astonishment; and the mouth, instead of gaping open, expands into a smile. Fear, Terror.—The word ' fear; seems to be derived from what is sudden and dangerous;15 and that of terror from the trembling of the vocal organs and body. I use the word ' terror' for extreme fear; but some writers think it ought to be confined to cases in which the imag- ination is more particularly concerned. Fear is often preceded by astonishment, and is so far akin to it, that both lead to the senses of sight and hearing being in- stantly aroused. In both cases the eyes and mouth are widely opened, and the eyebrows raised. The frightened 14 * North American Indians,' 3rd edit. 1842, vol. i. p. 105. 18 H. Wedgwood, Diet, of English Etymology, vol. ii. 1862, p. 35. See, also, Gratiolet (' De la Physionomie,' p. 135) on the sources of such words as * terror, horror, rigidxis, frigidus,' <&c.