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The function of the parenchyma is storage. This is because they have a huge intercellular space they are well suited for storage. They usually store starch and rather than having chloroplasts, they expand the special structure (amyloplasts) for example, this structure has high amount of starch present within the roots crops such as potatoes and cassava. Along side of starch they can store water as well in succulent plants.
Transport is another function of the cell, only some of them are adapted to transport nutrients and substances etc. and the other ones are known as transfer cells as they transport a lot of quantities over a small distance. They have modifications such as presence of ridges and folds order, so the surface is increased for better absorption. They have thicker non-lignifies secondary cell wall. The other one’s transport fewer amounts but over long distances and some are responsible for transporting light form the surface to the soil.
Photosynthesis is another function carried out by the cell, some of the cells carry a lot of chloroplast for photosynthesis. They make up the chlorenchyma tissue which is present in stem and leaves. The chlorenchyma is formed by two things the palisade and the sponge chlorenchyma. The palisade one is made from parenchyma cells which consists of small intercellular spaces. This helps the plant to maximize the surface area to sunlight. The other spongy one has cells with massive gaps in distances, so it can facilitate aeration.
Structure: The shape of the cell is to be known as isodiametric as they have fin walls and the shape of them is to be controlled by the function of pressure and tension. They maximize their volume capacity, so it would have to spread out the pressure all over and they create a spherical shape. They carry chloroplasts, ribosomes, ER and Golgi bodies. Also, they can carry starch, proteins, fats pigments and crystals. The cell walls ae packed with cellulose, hemicellulose and calcium pectate.The cell gives the cell support with its structure. It protects the plant by giving it an inner framework they work a bit like bones in mammals. They are opened to different structural challenges as if the cells were not in plant cells then they would be fragile and would not be able to stand up, they would end up being with when rain hits upon them and they would easily blow away with the wind. The thickened walls allow them to produce other supports to different areas of the plant. They provide support to the parts which grow in the plant for example shoots and leaves. They fill in the vacant spaces. (tensile strength, mechanical support)
Structure: The cells are long cells which have a thick cell wall that provides the support and structure for the cell. The walls consist of compounds of cellulose and pectin. There are different types of collenchyma cells and have different functions and structures.The cells support the plant and mostly occur as fibres. They are long cells and they interlock which provides them as much support possible for the plant. They are found in the stem, roots and vascular bundles of leaves. The main function for it is to provide support to the plant. (main source of mechanical support and the cell wall main components are cellulose and lignin)Main function of xylem tissue is to transport water and minerals from roots to leaves. Also, it strengthens the stem. The structure of the tissue contains dead cells which have a thick, strong cellulose cell wall. The wall has hallowed lumen and within the tube there are holes called pits this is where water enters from.The main function of phloem tissue is to transport tissues and other organic nutrients (sucrose and amino acids) which from the leaves to the rest of the plant. The structure of the tissue is that it is a long tube which is next to the xylem tissue. They are made of sieve plates along the side. The cell is made of living cells.
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