Which of the following would most likely not be used on a craniotomy for a cerebellar tumor?
An AP radiographic film is taken which way?
under the patient
The cause of floating spots before the eye in retinal detachment is
free pigment or blood cells in the vitreous
The aorta bifurcates at the level of the fourth lumbar verterbra into the
right and left common iliac arteries
Name the structure that exits the renal pelvis
True statment statements regarding male and female urethras are
*the female urethra is approx. 4cm long *the male urethra is 18-22cm long *blood is supplied to the female urethra by the internal pudendal and vaginal arteries
Which graft requires preclotting by the surgical team?
knitted polyester graft
Name the funnel-shaped portion of the fallopian tube.
An indirect inguinal hernia occurs
lateral to the inferior epigastric artery
This structure is a vertical cleft on the medial aspect of the kidney where the renal artery enters and the renal vein and renal pelvis exit.
Describe a pantaloon hernia.
A combination of direct and indirect hernia
The difference between gastroenterology and gastrointestinal surgery is
GI surgery is a subspecialty of general surgery concerned with surgical management of the GI tract; gastroenterology is a medical specialty
True statements regarding a ventriculoperitoneal shunt
*The ventricles can be approached from a burr hole *The vp shunt is a completly internal drainage system *The reservoir connects the proximal and distal catheters and rests inside the burr hole
The cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and the liver (some texts say cystic artery instead of liver) form what landmark?
Which clamp is removed last during a carotid endarterectomy?
internal carotid artery
True statements regarding the placement of the bone flap
*The bone flap is placed after the dura has been securely closed *The bone flap remain on the sterile field throughout the procedure, typically in a solution of antibiotic saline *The bone flap can be fixated to the skull with the use of titanium miniplates and screws
Name the thin membranous sheath surrounding the kidney and perirenal fat.
Describe the internal inguinal ring.
opening from the abdomen to the inguinal canal formed by the transversalis fascia
Pre-op markings to determine nipple positioning for reduction mammoplasty will be drawn on the patient's chest while
sitting upright or standing
True statment regarding the suture for peripheral vascular surgery.
Before tying polypropylene sutures, the surgeon's hands should be wet
An example of a bacterium that requires oxygen to sustain life is
The patient being admitted for vascular surgery should be assessed for
*nutritional status *use of alcohol and cigarettes *existence of any skin lesions
Injury due to improper positioning can result in ALL members being named in a law suit for
What is commonly used to retract the spermatic cord to repair defects in the floor and internal ring of the inguinal canal (adults)
The upper dome-like portion of the uterus is referred to as the
What is usually a result from a tear in the branch of the middle meningeal artery and can cause rapid deterioration?
Which arteries supply the pelvis and perineum with blood?
What is the longest vein in the body?
The obsolete anme for axillary process or tail is
Tail of Spence
Which duct joins the common bile duct as it enters the duodenum at the hepatopancreatic or major duodenal papilla?
The cystic duct joins the common hepatic duct to form the
bile duct or common bile duct
For an aortofemoral bypass, these statements are correct
*The patient will be prepped from midchest to midthigh and as far as possible on each side *The circulator should ensure that blood is available for the patient *2-0 or 3-0 silk ties can be used to ligate larger, deeper vessels
What incision is most indicated when early control of the vascular pedicle is a concern, such as with renal neoplasms or arterial lesions?
transabdominal or thoracoabdominal
The spleen is the most commonly injured intraabdominal organ in blunt trauma. *True or False
Large-gauged, interrupted, nonabsorbable sutures placed lateral to a primary suture line for wound reinforcement are called
The kidneys are located in which space?
Postoperative recovery time fo the obese patient is increased because
adipose tissue retains anesthetic agents longer
The uterine arteries branch from the
What drug is given to counteract the effects of Heparin, a commonly used anticoagulant?
This is the section of the gallbladder connecting to the cystic duct.
Which approach would be best for an aortofemoral bypass?
anterior abdominal groin
Which arteries supply blood to the spinal cord and its meninges?
Which artery supplies the upper portion of the digestive tube, the spleen, and the liver?
___ is the most frequently acquired nosocomial infection.
Urinary tract infection
Scalp bleeding can be reduced by:
*digital pressure *scalp clips *local anesthetic with epi
What is a true statement regarding necessary equipment for a craniotomy?
the use of a perforator facilitates the making of burr holes
A modified radical mastectomy preserves the
Contraindications to laparoscopic splenectomy include
A patient who has had his throat slashed and has had his lower trachea severed may have also experienced injury to his
Claudication refers to
What are indications for reduction mammoplasty?
*back pain *intertrigo *shoulder grooving from bra straps
True statements regarding aneurysm clips.
*aneurysm clips should be made of an MRI-compatible material such as vitallium *once the jaws of a permanent aneurysm clip have been opened, it should not be opened and used again *aneurysm clips come in a variety of shapes, styles, and sizes
True statements regarding enlarged prostate gland or BPH are
*the gland projects into the urinary bladder *it affects virtually every male who lives long enough *BPH increases the risk of cystitis and kidney damage
True statements regarding arterial embolism.
*emboli can be in the form of air, blood, fat, or tumor *emboi can lodge at bifurcations and vessel narrowing *some emboli can be treated with specialized enzymes or high doses of heparin
Which medication is often added to injectable saline for intra-arterial irigation?
The position for a lap Nissen fundoplication is
low (modified) lithotomy
True statement concerning abdominal aneurysms.
most abdominal aneurysms arise below the level of the renal arteries
True statements regarding the arterial supply of the spleen are
*the splenic artery arises from the celiac trunk *the splenic artery divides into 5 or more branches that enter the hilum *the splenic artery passes anterior to the left kidney
A direct hernia is a weakness in the
floor of the inguinal canal
The ___ nervous system functions independently and continuously without conscious effort.
An indication for laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is
gastroesophageal reflux disease
Which arteries communicate with the basilar artery to form the circle of Willis?