There are four main ways a camera moves,
Panning, where the camera moves left or right but the base of the camera stays still, Panning can be good to slowly reveal a part of a room.
Tracking, where the camera moves along sideways, following with action. the camera is moved on a set of rails, this allows the camera man to film while the actors are walking.
Tilting, is moving the camera up or down vertically, to show a tall building or female body to show sexual attraction, looking her up and down.
Handheld, is when the camera man holds the camera to create a more uneasy image, it is often used to communicate distress.
Extreme close up, captures only their facial features
Close up, captures their whole head
Medium close up, captures their head and shoulders
Mid shot, captures above the waist
Long shot, captures the full body
Extreme wide shot
Cut away, a shot of something other than the current action
Cut in- a part of the action in detail
Two shot- with two people in the shot
Over the shoulder shot