Located north of Salta, almost in Bolivia, the Quebrada de Humahuaca is a place unlike anything else in Argentina. A gorge in between two mountain ranges offers multi-coloured hills, forests of cacti, a unique culture and many historical sights. It is not a surprise that this valley was declared a world heritage site by Unesco.
One of Paraguay’s biggest tourist attractions are the Jesuit missions located in the south of the country. When researching Paraguay, I could not find much practical information about them, so I decided to put together a guide on how to visit those ruins and also the ones located on the other side of the river, near Posadas in Argentina.
If you’ve never heard of the Jesuit missions, they are settlements founded by the Jesuits in colonial times. They were inhabited by natives, who were westernised and educated in Christianity, but in return were protected from enslavement.
The Jesuits’ power grew so much that the Spanish crown got afraid of them and eventually expelled them from South America. Their missions fell into disrepair and their ruins, located in Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil, can now be visited.
To visit those sites, you should base yourself either in Encarnación, on the Paraguayan side, or in Posadas, on the Argentinian side of the Paraná river. Regular busses go from one city to the other. Remember that if you are not travelling with a South American passport, you will need to get off at immigration on both sides of the border to get stamped in and out of the countries. You always need two stamps in your passport for one border crossing.
Jesuit missions in Paraguay
The largest Jesuit mission in Paraguay is located in Trinidad. To get there, you must first go to the bus terminal in Encarnación. From here, you will find lots of busses leaving towards Ciudad del Este via Trinidad. The bus drivers will find you and sell you tickets. If not, just ask around and someone will point out the right bus to you.
As of November 2017, a bus ticket costs 10.000 guarani. If you do not have any Paraguayan money, you will see lots of money changers at the bus terminal. Just say ‘cambiar dolares’ (or pesos or whatever you have) and people will direct you towards the closest person willing to change money.
With that money, you buy a bus ticket (and also a bottle of water if you don’t have one yet) and then leave for Trinidad. Make sure to tell the bus driver that you want to see the ruins in Trinidad and he will eventually tell you where to get off.
It is a fifteen minute walk northwards from the bus stop to get to the ruins. Here, you will buy your entrance ticket and are then free to walk around the archaeological site as you wish. We barely saw any visitors when we came here, so this is a great chance to have a tourist attraction (almost) all to yourself.
When you are done visiting the ruins in Trinidad, you should continue to Jesús. There are two ways to get there and both require you to walk back to the main street. Turn right and keep walking until you see a gas station to your left. This is the road leading to Jesús and from the intersection, you can either take a bus that is supposed to leave hourly or a taxi that will be waiting there for you. It is also here that you can find a small and cheap restaurant, if you get hungry.
We went by taxi and paid 40.000 guarani for the round trip. Our taxi driver dropped us off in front of the ruins. The ticket you get in Trinidad is valid here as well and allows you to enter Jesús. Once we were done, the driver waited for us in the parking lot and took us back to the intersection in Trinidad.
From here, you can easily catch a bus back to Encarnación. Just wave at any bus going past. The fare is another 10.000 guarani for going back to Encarnación.
Jesuit missions in Argentina
The Jesuit missions in Argentina are just as easy to visit as the ones in Paraguay. To get here, you have to start in Posadas. Try to arrive at the bus terminal early enough – the last bus you can take is at 12:30pm. You need to ask around the bus station for someone to sell you tickets to San Ignacio Miní. Don’t buy your return ticket yet, as you do not know how long you will need and can easily do so on the bus back.
Once again, you should tell your bus driver that you want to go to San Ignacio so he can let you know where to get off. From the bus station, you walk northwards to get to the ruins.
While the Jesuit missions in Paraguay are well preserved, standing tall in grassy areas, the ones in Argentina are overgrown by jungle. Some have been reconstructed, others have been left as they were found. The one in San Ignacio Miní is the one that has seen the most reconstruction and you can easily spend an hour or two here to see everything.
Once you are done with the ruins, you need to get back to the bus station. While it is possible to visit the other ruins by public transport, it involves a lot of walking and takes a long time. The far easier way is to take a taxi from the bus station. We paid 450 pesos for the taxi (as of October 2017), including wait time at both Missions.
The first ruins we visited were in Loreto. They are the most crumbled ones and in many places, you can barely see the rocks overgrown by jungle. From here, we went on to Santa Ana. At both ruins, guides showed us a museum and the layout of the missions, so we knew what we were looking at.
From the mission in Santa Ana, it is a very short drive to the bus station. Our driver dropped us off here and a local guide selling delicious cheese bread helped us flag down a bus to get back to Posadas. In case there is nobody at the bus station (which is highly unlikely), just wave at a passing bus and say “Posadas” to the bus driver. They are very helpful.
On a side note, I have heard of people who have done the missions on both side of the border in one day, starting in Argentina in the morning and then crossing over to Paraguay. It is doable with a taxi, but if you have come that far already, shouldn’t you take your time to properly enjoy those sites?
Let me know if you’re planning on seeing the missions in Argentina or Paraguay. And if you found this guide useful, I would love to hear some feedback.
I did not know much about Paraguay before going there. In the guidebook, I had vaguely read up on Jesuit missions in the country’s south. I knew that Ciudad del Este was a shopping town located next to Iguazu Falls. And I knew that Asunción was Paraguay’s capital.
So when it came to crossing the border, my friend and I made a rough plan. Go to Asunción, see the Jesuit missions and figure out everything else along the way. Up until we arrived in the capital, I did not have a clue on what to see there either. It wasn’t until half an hour before our bus arrived that I finally opened my guidebook and looked into it.
Now, if you’re planning on visiting Asunción, let me give you one piece of advise. Don’t count on spending days in the city without running out of things to see. You can do a day trip to the countryside, but the capital itself can easily be visited in one day. If you’re wondering on how to spend that day, here are the main things to do:
The cayman did not blink. I looked down on it and wondered how much closer I could get before it would jump and bite off one of my legs. I seemed to be the only one with such concerns. A white bird landed next to the reptile and in the distance, a capybara sniffed the ground, also getting dangerously close to one of the many caymans. I smiled and raised my camera. Click.
My Lonely Planet guidebook described São Paulo as a monster and our plan was to stay here for two nights and leave as soon as possible. I hadn’t heard great things about the city. What I mostly associated with it were high crime rates and dirty streets and I wasn’t too keen on staying any longer than necessary. But then we unexpectedly had to stay three nights instead of two and discovered that there is much more to São Paulo. Great museums, beautiful parks and friendly people – it would have been a shame to miss out on all of it.
Here are some of the city’s highlights:
When talk comes to food in South America, people mention steaks and ceviche. Argentina is praised for its excellent beef and Peru for its huge variety of dishes. Nobody ever talks about Bolivia.
But as I found out while visiting this Andean nation, Bolivia has a lot of delicious food to offer. From market stalls to fancy restaurants, you will never run out of possibilities to try yet another dish. And if you really want to delve into Bolivian food, I recommend the foodie tours in La Paz, run by Red Cap Tours.
For now, let me recommend the food I enjoyed most while travelling through Bolivia.
The coast in between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo is made up of hills, bays, jungle, beaches and thousands of islands. Going from one city to another, travellers find many places worth visiting along their way. We spent two weeks on this stretch of coast and in the giant cities. Since it is such an easy and rewarding itinerary for travellers, I have decided to put together its highlights. There are, of course, many more things to do along the way, but those were my personal favourites. They are put together in a geographical order, starting in Rio and going along the coastline all the way to São Paulo.
I have been to Rio de Janeiro twice and each time, I was surprised by the city’s beauty. The Portuguese settlers couldn’t have chosen a better location. In between the mountains, the bay and the sea, with islands dotted along the coast, a white city sprawls out so far, it is impossible to see its limits.
Rio de Janeiro has its problems, with high crime rates and gangs winning back favelas. I had a long discussion with my Pantanal tour guide about whether or not you should call a city like Rio beautiful. In the end, we agreed that despite everything happening in the city, its location was stunning and it is worth a long visit.
And this post isn’t about Brazil’s problems and politics. It is about how to enjoy Rio de Janeiro and to make the most out of your stay in one of my favourite cities in South America.
For me, Porto Alegre was a necessary stopover on the way to Rio de Janeiro. We arrived on an overnight bus from Montevideo and left the next morning on a plane. I did not have any plans for this city. The guidebook had mentioned two museums and that was all I knew about Porto Alegre when I arrived.
Fortunately, we came across a very helpful woman at the tourist information who helped us make the best of the day we spent in Porto Alegre. And the best about it? All attractions mentioned below are free and perfect for budget-concious travellers.
Uruguay looks tiny when compared to its giant neighbours Argentina and Brazil. Many travellers arrive on day trips from Buenos Aires or just plan a quick stop in this country. But Uruguay has enough touris attractions to keep you busy for at least a week or two. We had seven days in this amazing country and barely managed to see its highlights. In fact, I think we could easily have spent another one or two weeks here.
Here is an overview to give you a taste of Uruguay and so you know what not to miss: