Learning theories relevant to multimedia learning objects (Knowing what…
Learning theories relevant to multimedia learning objects
Pavlov (classical conditioning)
Evoking a desired response from a new stimulus,
due to association
Skinner (operant conditioning)
Getting students to respond in a certain way for reward, i.e. good feedback
Merrill's five first principles:
Does it play on their past experiences?
Can students use what's being taught?
Is good practice demonstrated to students?
Laurillard's conversational framework
Does it allow students to constantly reflect
on their performance and objectives?
Laurillard's need for media to be discursive,
reflective, interactive and adaptive
Does it flexibly allow future learning?
Is it applicable to real-world situations?
Does it allow discussion and negotiation
between teacher and student?
Is it well paced to allow reflection and feedback?
Is it appropriately levelled?
Mayer's cognitive theory of multimedia learning: multimedia, signalling, coherence, redundancy principles (etc.)
Reduce extraneous processing
Cut out all the fun but distracting bits
Voice with pictures, without added text
Cue the important parts
Present images with voice at same time
Manage essential processing
Foster generative processing
Keep voices human and casual
Paivo’s dual coding theory
Baddeley’s model of working memory
Sweller’s cognitive load theory
Wittrock’s generative theory