German physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1954, with
Walther Bothe of Germany, for his statistical formulation of the behaviour
of subatomic particles. His studies of the wave function led to the
replacement of the original quantum theory, which regarded electrons
as particles, with an essentially mathematical description representing
their observed behaviour more accurately.
In 1933 Born fled the Nazis and became Stokes lecturer at the University
of Cambridge. He was elected to the Tait chair of natural philosophy
at the University of Edinburgh in 1936, becoming a British subject in
1939. After his retirement in 1953 Born returned to Gottingen.
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