All of the samples studied have a different sequence of mitochondrial DNA HVR I (Table). An analysis of haplotype structure enabled its attribution to five mitochondrial DNA haplogroups: western Eurasian U2e, U5a, T and eastern Eurasian C and A10. A mixed gene pool structure combining mitochondrial DNA groups typical of human populations from western and eastern parts of Eurasia, have been ascertained for all ancient Western-Siberian forest-steppe human populations that we have studied to date (Pilipenko, 2010).The authors identify two components in the population: (i) the "indigenous" mixed population of West Eurasian (U2e+U5a) and East Eurasian (A10+C), and (ii) the intrusive Andronovo (Fedorovka) (T). They also hint about a special article on the autochthony of the A10 lineages in the region. We now seem to have fairly good data about the existence of a wide West/East Eurasian interaction zone from eastern Europe to Siberia, and it would certainly be interesting to see when this zone was first formed; in any case, it seems clear that at least in the central-northern parts of Eurasia admixture between East and West has been going on for a while.
The more interesting question is where did the mtDNA haplogroup-T in Fedorovo groups come from? In Europe, for which we have the best data, T makes its appearance with early Neolithic groups, but it's difficult to imagine that this was the source of T in West Siberia. I would not be surprised if the entrance of T into the boreal zone occurred via the Caucasus, although Grigoriev derives them "from the Near East through Iran and Central Asia into the Irtish basin." Ancient DNA reveals the gradual appearance of new players in both Europe and West Siberia, but their ultimate source(s) and migratory paths remains elusive.
Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Volume 40, Issue 4, December 2012, Pages 62–69
An Analysis Of Mitochondrial Dna From The Pakhomovskaya Population Of The Late Bronze Age, Western Siberia
V.I. Molodin et al.
This article presents the results of an analysis of mitochondrial DNA extracted from bone samples from Stary Sad – a burial ground representing the eastern variant of the Late Bronze Age Pakhomovskaya culture in the Baraba forest-steppe, Western Siberia. Comparison with mitochondrial DNA data from earlier populations of the region and also with archaeological facts, points to the origins of the Pakhomovskaya people. Certain components of their gene pool were evidently derived from the local pre-Andronovo populations, others from the actual Andronovo (Fedorovka) population and also from later immigrants. In this article an integrative reconstruction based on biological and cultural facts is proposed.