One of the greatest threats to regulated sport hunting of wildlife is illegal take (poaching) by criminals. Unlawful acts resulting in the illegal take of wildlife can cause problems with monitoring and modeling populations of game species, jeopardize species that are sensitive to over-harvest, and in some cases, endangers the public due to unsafe practices. Of equal concern is that the public largely equates the perpetrators of often highly publicized poaching cases as “hunters” rather than criminals or poachers. At the recent annual meeting of the National Assembly of Sportsmen’s Caucuses, the Boone and Crockett Club, working with Wildlife Management Institute, announced its plans to lead a long-term Poach & Pay anti-poaching program. The intent is to work with state wildlife agencies, state legislators, and members of the state judiciaries to improve the detection, conviction, and punishment of poachers.