By Robert W. Bruce
This instruction manual covers the overall region of lubrication and tribology in all its elements: friction, put on lubricants (liquid, stable, and gas), greases, lubrication rules, purposes to numerous mechanisms, layout rules of units incorporating lubrication, upkeep, lubrication scheduling, and standardized assessments; in addition to environmental difficulties and conservation. the data contained in those volumes will relief in attaining powerful lubrication for keep watch over of friction and put on, and is one other step to enhance knowing of the complicated elements enthusiastic about tribology. either metric and English devices are supplied all through either volumes
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Extra resources for CRC Handbook of Lubrication: Theory and Practice of Tribology, Volume II: Theory and Design
This will initially lower the coefficient of friction, but at a still higher sliding speed there is a viscous drag which again causes an increase in coefficient of friction as shown in Figure 9. This McKee-Petroff curve is typical for a shaft rotated in a sleeve bearing. The abscissa Copyright © 1983 CRC Press LLC Volume II 43 is given in units of ZN′/P where Z is the viscosity of the lubricant, N′ is the shaft rotating speed, and P is the load transferred radially from the shaft to the bearing.
In such a case the stress to shear the interface is the shear strength of the material which is usually taken to be about half of the compressive yield strength, thus F/N = 1/2. Practical surfaces, as represented by curve ‘b’ usually have a coefficient of friction less than 1/2 because surface contaminants prevent or limit adhesion. If the surface species include a brittle oxide, chipping off of oxide can expose clean substrate surfaces which increases local adhesion to cause higher coefficients of friction as shown in curve ‘c’.
Thus, the shear force causes a further normal strain in asperities with the effect of increasing the area of contact. If adhesion increases in proportion to the area of contact, the area of contact will grow in proportion to the average shear stress that can be sustained or developed at the interface between the sphere and the flat plate. The final form of the model is expressed as, where k = Si/Ss, and Si is the shear strength of the interface between the sphere and the flat plate. If k = 1 in this model, µ = ∞.