The column consists of steel wool which increases the magnetic field gradient
to maximize separation efficiency when the column is placed between the permanent magnets.
Flexoelectricity is the generation of electric polarization under mechanical strain gradient or mechanical deformation due to the electric field gradient
The principle of MNP transport is based on the magnetic polarization and magnetophoretic mobility when an external magnetic field gradient
is applied .
While analyzing the magnetic memory signal of a metal structure, the extent of corrosion damage on the metal surface can be effectively measured with changes of magnetic field gradient
: the greater the changes of magnetic field gradient
are, the more serious the corrosion damage is [39, 40].
Applied magnetic field and magnetic field gradient
together with the vascularization of target region are particularly important when considering the distance from the magnets to the locations where particles are still effectively captured .
Charge and mass transport in the phenol-2,4-disulfonic acid-polyvinyl alcohol ion exchange membranes studied by pulsed field gradient
NMR and impedance spectroscopy.
"The external magnetic field and field gradient
can guide cells to sites of injury and, using MRI, the iron-oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles can be visualized as they travel to the site of injury.
Consequently, we achieved a maximum accelerating electric field gradient
of 41 MV/m (performance required for ILCs: at least 35 MV/m).
Magnetic field gradient
also contribute significantly to the corrosion behaviors of ferromagnetic materials.
With a saturation magnetization of ~20 emu/g, dMNP-DTPA conjugates can be easily manipulated and separated from solution in less than 1 min by applying an external magnetic field with a field gradient
of above 300 G/mm.
"You get a very sharp field gradient
with these bulk superconductors.
Therefore, the force on a particle is proportional to the strength of magnetic field and the field gradient
. Thus the final expression for the Kelvin body force is: