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As illustrated in the graph above, natural increase was the major component of population growth in the Australian Capital Territory at 70.7% (3,200 persons) Tasmania at 62.2% (2,500 persons), New South Wales at 58.7% (42,800 persons) and the Northern Territory at 56.4% (2,800 persons) for the year ended 31 December 2007.
The number of births registered for the 12 months ended 31 December 2007 increased in all states and territories. Queensland recorded the largest percentage increase of 17.8%. This increase in Queensland birth registrations, is likely to be in part the result of changes in procedures for processing birth registrations in Queensland (see Notes on page 2).
The number of deaths registered for the 12 months ended 31 December 2007 increased in all states and territories except Victoria, with the Northern Territory recording the largest percentage increase of 12.4%.
Net Overseas Migration
Net overseas migration for the year ended 31 December 2007, as illustrated in the previous graph, was the major component of population growth in South Australia at 79.0% (13,100 persons). This was followed by New South Wales at 74.3% (54,200 persons), Victoria at 59.5% (49,000 persons), Western Australia at 58.3% (28,900 persons) and Queensland at 37.0% (35,800 persons). All other states and territories experienced positive net overseas migration.
Net Interstate Migration
For the year ended 31 December 2007, Queensland experienced the highest positive net interstate migration with a gain of 25,600 persons. Other states and territories that experienced positive net interstate migration were Western Australia (3,800 persons), the Northern Territory (860 persons) the Australian Capital Territory (350 persons) and Tasmania (290 persons). Negative net interstate migration was experienced by New South Wales (24,000 persons), South Australia (3,800 persons) and Victoria (3,100 persons).
Interstate migration, Arrivals, Departures and Net - States and territories - Year ended 31 December 2007
FINAL REBASED POPULATION ESTIMATES
After each Census, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) uses the new information obtained to rebase the estimated resident population (ERP) of Australia and its states and territories. In this issue, the ABS has used the 2006 Census of Population and Housing (2006 Census) to produce final rebased estimates of the resident population.
For further information, refer to the following feature article Final Rebasing and Revision of Australia's Population Estimates, September Quarter 2001 - June Quarter 2006, on page 13 of this publication.
POPULATION AND GROWTH, 1986 TO 2006
Over the last 20 years (June 1986 to June 2006), the ERP of Australia has grown from just over 16 million to just under 20.7 million, an increase of 29% (4,680,000 persons). During this period the national annual growth rate has varied between 1.7% in 1989 and 1.0% in 1993. The average annual growth rate over this 20 year period was 1.2%.
Since Federation, natural increase has generally contributed more to Australia's annual population growth than net overseas migration (NOM). Over the past 20 financial years NOM has exceeded natural increase in five years: 1988, 1989, 2001, 2003 and 2006. Quarterly analysis shows NOM has exceeded natural increase for one third of the 20 year period.
POPULATION AND GROWTH, 2001 TO 2006
The final rebased ERP of Australia at 30 June 2006 was 20,698,000 persons, an increase over the most recent intercensal period (2001-2006) of 1,285,000. During this five year period, the population grew by 6.6% compared with 6.0% for the previous intercensal period (1996-2001).
At 30 June 2006, the final rebased ERP for the states and territories were as follows: New South Wales 6,816,000, Victoria 5,127,000, Queensland 4,091,000, South Australia 1,568,000, Western Australia 2,059,000, Tasmania 490,000, the Northern Territory 210,600 and the Australian Capital Territory 334,100.
Over the five years (2001-2006), all states and territories experienced population growth. Queensland experienced the fastest growth, increasing 12.7%. This was followed by Western Australia (8.3%), Victoria (6.7%), the Northern Territory (6.5%), the Australian Capital Territory (4.6%), Tasmania (3.8%) and then South Australia and New South Wales both with the smallest growth (3.7%). When compared to the previous five year period (1996 to 2001), New South Wales and the Northern Territory were the only two jurisdictions that did not experience a higher growth rate. Tasmania, when compared to the previous five year period, experienced the largest change to its population growth, changing from negative to positive growth.
The national average annual growth rate for the five year period from June 2001 to June 2006 was 1.3%. This was more than the 20 year average (1986-2006) and the previous intercensal period (1996-2001) both at 1.2%. The annual population growth rate for the year ending 30 June 2006 was higher than these averages at 1.5%.
Over the last intercensal period (2001-2006), the average annual growth rates for the states and territories from highest to lowest were as follows: Queensland 2.4%, Western Australia 1.6%, Victoria and the Northern Territory both at 1.3%, the Australian Capital Territory 0.9%, Tasmania 0.8% and the lowest growth being shared between New South Wales and South Australia both at 0.7%.
COMPONENTS OF POPULATION CHANGE
During the five years (2001-2006), natural increase contributed 601,400 persons to Australia's total population growth, 0.1% lower than the previous intercensal period (1996-2001). Net overseas migration, on the other hand, contributed 597,500 persons which was 18.2% higher than that recorded for the previous intercensal period.
Although all states and territories experienced positive population growth over the five year period, 2001 to 2006, the proportion each component contributed to, or subtracted from, population growth varied considerably between the states and territories.
As illustrated in the graph above, for the five year period 2001 to 2006, natural increase was the main component of population growth for the majority of the states and territories including the Northern Territory, the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria.
When comparing the number of births recorded between the last intercensal period (2001 to 2006) and the previous intercensal period (1996 to 2001), there was a 1.0% increase at the national level. However, not all states and territories experienced an increase. Those recording a decrease in births were South Australia (down 3.0%), New South Wales (2.1%), Tasmania (1.9%), and the Australian Capital Territory (0.4%), whereas an increase was recorded by Queensland (up 6.4%), Victoria (3.0%), the Northern Territory (1.3%) and Western Australia (1.0%).
Comparing the number of deaths recorded between the last intercensal period and the previous intercensal period showed there was an increase for all states and territories with a national increase of 3.0%.
Net overseas migration
Net overseas migration made a contribution to population growth of each state and territory for the five year period 2001 to 2006. New South Wales (78.4%) and Western Australia (52.9%) were the only states where NOM was the major component of population growth during the intercensal period.
As illustrated in the previous graph, the contribution to population growth made by NOM over the five year period (2001-2006) was very close to that of natural increase in New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Queensland and at the national level. For the Northern Territory, the Australian Capital Territory and Tasmania, NOM contributed a relatively small amount to population growth compared to natural increase.
Net interstate migration
During the five years (2001 to 2006) Queensland was the only state or territory where net interstate migration was the major component of population growth.
During the same period, Queensland consistently recorded the highest positive net interstate migration, with an increase of 164,500 persons. Tasmania (3,300) and Western Australia (2,700) also received growth through interstate migration. The remaining states and territories all lost population through net interstate migration over this same five year period; New South Wales (a net loss of 140,600), South Australia (11,300), the Northern Territory (6,200), Victoria (5,100) and the Australian Capital Territory (3,200).
Interstate migration, Arrivals, Departures and Net - States and territories - 5 Years ended 30 June 2006
Over the five year period (2001-2006), the largest interstate migration movement was the 289,400 persons moving from New South Wales to Queensland. The second largest movement was the inverse of this, with 180,000 persons moving from Queensland to New South Wales. The next largest movement was those persons moving from New South Wales to Victoria (130,400 persons ).
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