Bordetella causes kennel cough and ____ in swine
Bordetella are aerobic bacteria that infect the ______ of hosts
ciliated respiratory epithelium
Which Bordetella species have flagella?
Bordetella bronchiseptica and B. avium
True/False: Bordetella is highly variable
difficult for vaccination
Which species of Bordetella causes porcine atrophic rhinitis and Canine kennel cough?
*can lead to bronchopneumonia in many species
What species of Bordetella causes Turkey Coryza?
What virulence factor does Bordetella express, but only in warm environments of around 37 degrees?
BvgAS- bordetella virulence gene
*avirulent at 25 degrees
What kind of disease is associated with Bordetella?
Bordetella can cause _____
What important virulence factor of Bordetella helps with adherence to the respiratory tract?
Tracheal colonization factor
*This is only expressed by Bordetella Pertussis. Targets trachea. Not expressed in Bordetella Parapertussis or Bronchiseptica
What outer membrane proteins does Bordetella have?
Pertactin and Brk (Bordetella resistance to killing)
What siderphore is particular to Bordetella species?
What type of secretion system does Bordetella use?
Type III secretion system
What are the 5 exotoxins important with Bordetella and what do they do?
Tracheal cytotoxin- toxic to cells within the trachea
Dermonecrotic toxin- destruction of turbinates in atrophic rhinitis
Adenylyl cyclase toxin- results in fluid loss
Pertussis Toxin- only active in B. pertussis and results in fluid loss
Osteotoxin- lethal to tracheal and bone cells
How is Bordetella transmitted?
*needs close contact
Bordetella leads to depression of respiratory _____ and can lead to secondary ____ complications
depression of respiratory clearance
secondary pneumonia complications
In pigs, nasal irritation associated with Bordetella can open the doors for _____ to infect
What is the medical term for kennel cough?
Canine infectious tracheobronchitis
What other pathogens can co-infect with Kennel cough?
Dogs with ____ are at a higher risk for develping pneumonia associated with Bordetella because they are immunosuppressed
True/False: Coughing is common in cats with Kennel cough?
*couging is not common with cats
Atrophic rhinitis is associated with what two bacteria?
Bordetella Bronchiseptica and Pasteurella Multocida
Note on image: KNOW THESE IMAGES. B and C show pig after infection when there has been erosion of nasal turbinates
Atrophic rhinitis usually occurs in ____ pigs and _____ are carries that can spread the bacteria to their progeny and other progeny
occurs in young pigs
Sows are carriers
True/False: Turkey Corya is highly infectious and causes high mortality
it is highly contagious in young turkeys but has a low mortility rate of less than 5%
What does Turkey Coryza cause in the trachea?
tracheal degenration and flattening making it hard for the bird to breath
If Bordetella comes into the mix with Snuffles (P. multocida) then it can cause _____ in rabbits
Bordetella depresses the immune system by telling ____ cells not to secrete as much
Bordetella are strict ____
*they are in the respiratory tract
What is the best way to control Atrophic Rhinitis?
vaccines are available for pigs
*not treatable in advanced cases
What is the best way to control Canine tracheobronchitis?
ventilation of kennels to keep the air moving
*vaccination doesn't help much
Is there a vaccine available for Turkey Coryza?