The human pelvis is a complex and vital part of the body that plays a crucial role in supporting the body, protecting the internal organs, and facilitating movement. The pelvis anatomy includes several bones, including the sacrum, the coccyx, and the hip bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis). These bones are fused together to form the pelvic girdle, which provides support for the spine, the legs, and the internal organs.
It’s important to know about the pelvis anatomy to draw more accurate and detailed Medical Illustrations.
The pelvis is a complex structure located at the base of the spine that serves as the foundation for the lower body. It is formed by several bones, including the sacrum, the coccyx, and the hip bones (also known as the innominate bones).
The pelvic bones are divided into three parts: the ilium, the ischium, and the pubis. The ilium is the uppermost part of the hip bone and is the widest and most prominent part of the pelvis. The ischium is the lower and posterior part of the hip bone and is located behind the pubis. The pubis is the anterior part of the hip bone and is located in front of the ischium. These three bones fuse together to form the acetabulum, which is the socket of the hip joint.
What are the 3 parts of the pelvis anatomy
The pelvis can be divided into four parts: the hip bones, the sacrum, the coccyx, and the pelvic girdle. The hip bones, also known as the innominate bones, are two large bones that form the base of the pelvis. They consist of the ilium, ischium, and pubis bones. The sacrum is a triangular-shaped bone located at the base of the spine that connects the hip bones to the rest of the spine. The coccyx, also known as the tailbone, is a small bone located at the very bottom of the spine. The pelvic girdle is the ring of bones that surrounds the pelvis, formed by the sacrum and the hip bones.
The Pelvic floor muscles
What are the types of pelvises?
- Gynecoid: This is the most common type of pelvis, characterized by a rounded shape and a moderate-sized pelvic inlet. It is considered to be the “ideal” shape for childbirth.
- Android: This type of pelvis is more narrow and elongated, with a more heart-shaped pelvic inlet. It is more common in men and may make childbirth more difficult.
- Anthropoid: This type of pelvis is wider and shorter, with a more oval-shaped pelvic inlet. It is more common in some non-human primates and this pelvis anatomy may also make childbirth more difficult.
What muscles attach to the pelvis?
The muscles that attach to the pelvis include:
- The hip flexors (such as the iliacus, psoas, rectus femoris, and sartorius muscles) which are responsible for lifting the thigh towards the abdomen.
- The hip extensors (such as the gluteus maximus, hamstrings, and adductor muscles) which are responsible for extending the thigh backwards.
- The hip abductors (such as the gluteus medius and minimus muscles) which are responsible for moving the thigh away from the midline of the body.
- The hip adductors (such as the adductor longus, brevis, and magnus muscles) which are responsible for moving the thigh towards the midline of the body.
- The oblique muscles (such as the internal and external obliques) which are responsible for rotating the trunk and provide stabilization to the pelvis and spine.
- The transverse abdominal muscles that provide support to the abdominal wall and provide stability to the pelvis.
- The piriformis muscle that is responsible for rotation of the hip and thigh.
- The psoas muscle is responsible for flexion of the hip and thigh.
- The quadratus lumborum muscle is responsible for the extension of the lumbar spine and the rotation of the pelvis.
Please note that this list is not exhaustive and there are many other muscles that attach to the pelvis and work in conjunction with each other to provide movement and stability to the hip and trunk. For a more in-depth list, check out this journal article.