Haiti is one of the poorest States in the word: more than half of the population lives below the poverty line. Although the majority of Haitians live on agriculture, this sector represents only a small percentage of the country's economy. A land reform has been approved several times, but was never implemented, leading to no real investment plans for this sector. In addition, the institutional context is characterized by the absence of Government, especially in rural areas, the weakness of civil society and the inadequacy of the local development strategies in regards to existing needs. To reduce the vulnerability of the rural population in dealing with the shock due to sudden climate change, it is essential to increase the capacity for action of civil society and to strengthen local authorities in the design and implementation of local development plans, as well asto increase resources to start up community-driven productive projects.