Periodontics is the study of the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and tissues that support the teeth. One of the most common periodontal (gum) diseases is gingivitis, a minor complaint which is generally cured by periodic cleanings and good hygiene. This disease may develop into periodontitis, a serious problem which can cause the teeth to fall out or require removal.
The best prevention against gum disease is proper brushing and using dental floss on a daily basis. This is the only way to remove the dental plaque that is constantly deposited on the teeth. Daily cleaning will keep the formation of plaque to a minimum, although it cannot be prevented entirely.
In order for a toothbrush to effectively perform its function without damaging the hard or soft tissue, it must be proportioned to allow it to reach every part of the mouth. Dental floss is a necessary accessory for removing plaque from between teeth, where a brush cannot reach.
Maintaining a high level of oral hygiene requires periodic professional cleaning. Teeth cleaning consists of removing the dental plaque and stains from teeth.
It is done in three simple steps. First, the accumulated plaque and tartar are removed. The peridontal pockets are then removed. And lastly, the surface of the tooth, the enamel, is polished.
It is advisable to schedule a teeth cleaning approximately every six months. This is a recommendation, as the frequency will depend on each individual case.
Tartar is removed by scaling, curettage and root planing. This treatment involves eliminating the plaque and pockets that form around the teeth, polishing and smoothing the roots in order to remove the bacteria. It allows the gum to reattach to the tooth and eliminates inflammation. The name curettage comes from the curette, which is a specific tool used to treat this gum disease.
Scaling involves removing the tartar which has been deposited above and below the gum line. Root planing eliminates any rough areas in that part of the tooth.
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