Background[ edit ] Picture of author, Tulsidas published in the Ramcharitmanas, This also makes Tulsidas a contemporary of William Shakespeare. The Valmiki Ramayana is centered on the narrative of Rama , the scion of the family tree of king Raghu of the Sun Dynasty. Rama was the crown prince of Ayodhya and is considered in Hindu tradition as the seventh Avatar of Vishnu.
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Background[ edit ] Picture of author, Tulsidas published in the Ramcharitmanas, This also makes Tulsidas a contemporary of William Shakespeare. The Valmiki Ramayana is centered on the narrative of Rama , the scion of the family tree of king Raghu of the Sun Dynasty.
Rama was the crown prince of Ayodhya and is considered in Hindu tradition as the seventh Avatar of Vishnu. However, the Ramacharitmanas is by no means a word-to-word copy of the Valmiki Ramayana nor an abridged re-telling of the latter. Ramcaritmanas has elements from many other Ramayanas written earlier in Sanskrit and other Indian dialects as well as stories from Puranas.
Tulsidas himself never writes Ramcharitmanas as being a retelling of Valmiki Ramayana. Tulsidas claims to have received the story through his guru, Narharidas. His guru graciously repeated it again and again so that he could understand and remember it.
Then he narrated the story and named it Ramcharitmanas as Shiva himself called it. The epic poem is, therefore, also referred to as Tulsikrit Ramayana literally, The Ramayana composed by Tulsidas. Some believe it to represent a challenge to the dominance of high-class Brahmanical Sanskrit,    echoing the revolt of Buddha against Brahmanical elitism.
It was the attempt of Tulsidas to reconcile the different stories of Rama and to bring the story within the reach of the common man. The work is primarily composed in the Chaupai metre four-line quatrains , separated by the Doha metre two-line couplets , with occasional Soratha and various Chhand metres.
It is customary of the Indian tradition of writing that the author begins a new book with invocation to the Gods to ensure that the sankalpa is finished unhindered. Narrative[ edit ] Ramcharitmanas is structured around three separate conversations. The conversations happen between Shiva and Parvati , Sages Bharadwaj and Yajnavalkya and finally Kakbhushundi and the king of birds, Garuda.
Some scholars are of the opinion that there is also an underlying personal conversation between Tulsidas and Lord Rama all through the text of Ramcharitmanas. Homage is paid to Valmiki for bringing the Ramayana to the devotees of Rama. Next are introduced and praised the various characters of the epic beginning with the birthplace of Rama , the holy city of Ayodhya.
Tulsidas then praises King Janaka , the father-in- law of Rama , and his family. Next, the characters of Sita and Rama are introduced.
The birth of the four sons of Dasharatha. The story of Ramcharitmanas is then underway. It begins with the meeting of two sages - Bharadwaj and Yajnavalkya. Bharadwaj asks Yajnavalkya to narrate in detail the story of Rama. Yajnavalkya begins with how Shiva came about retelling the story of Rama to his wife Parvati. Shiva explains five different reasons as to why Rama incarnated on earth in different ages Kalpa aeon.
Each of these stories is discussed in detail, with the primary message being that Rama incarnated on earth to protect the righteous who follow the path of Dharma. The story then moves to the birth of Ravana and his brothers.
Post this point, the narration is done at different times by Shiva , Yajnavalkya , Kakbhushundi and Tulsidas. The story now moves to the abode of Brahma where Brahma and the other Hindu Devas are found mulling on the ways to rid the earth of Ravana and his excesses.
Unable to find a solution, they pray to Shiva and ask him for his guidance on where to find the supreme God who will come to their rescue. Brahman shows compassion to all and announces in an Akashvani that he will be born in the Sun Dynasty to save the Devas and His devotees from the demons.
The story then moves to Ayodhya. One fine day, Dasharatha , the king of Ayodhya , realizes that he has become old and still issueless. He conveys his distress to sage Vasistha , the family guru , and seeks the way forward. Vasistha comforts Dasharatha and tells him that he will have four sons. Tulsidas states that the birth of Rama and his brothers took place on the ninth day of the Chaitra month.
It was the fortnight of the moon, known as the shukla period. The story then moves on and Rama and his brothers are now grown-up boys. Sage Vishvamitra lived in the forest and was performing great sacrifices. However, the demons Maricha and Subahu would always desecrate the ceremonial offerings. He knew that Rama had taken birth on earth to protect his devotees and so he decided to visit Dasharatha to ask him a favor. The sage asks the king to let his sons accompany him to the forest.
Reluctantly the king agrees. Rama knew beforehand the intention of Vishvamitra in asking him to come along with him. He assures the sage that he would obey his commands. Lakshman kills Subahu and Rama kills Tataka and defeats Maricha , the dreaded demons. Vishvamitra looks as Ram breaks the bow, to win the hand of Sita in marriage. The story then moves to the deliverance of Ahalya. Rama, Lakshman and Vishvamitra venture on a journey and reach the beautiful kingdom of the Videhas , Mithila. Janaka is overcome by great emotion as he is able to sense the true nature of their mission.
In the meanwhile, King Janaka arranges a swayamvara ceremony for his daughter Sita. A swayamvara ceremony is a Vedic ritual in which a prospective bride selects her groom from among a group of suitors who attend the ceremony. Janaka puts a condition to identify the right groom for Sita. The great bow of Shiva by the name of Pinaka was kept in the arena. Any suitor who would be able to string Pinaka would be married to Sita.
Many princes try but fail to even nudge the mammoth bow. This causes great distress to Janaka who wonders aloud if the earth has become devoid of brave men.
This statement of Janaka angers Lakshman who retorts that no one talks in this vein, when a gathering like this, has the presence of scions of the Sun Dynasty.
Rama gently nudges him to keep calm as Vishwamitra asks him to break the bow and make Janaka happy once again. Rama steps in and effortlessly lifts and strings the divine bow. In a swift move, he breaks the bow. The breaking of Pinaka causes a great noise that disturbs the great sage Parashurama in his meditation and he storms into the swayamvara arena in great anger vowing to kill whoever had dared to break the bow of lord Shiva.
Lakshman enters into an argument with Parashurama , paying scant respect to the sage who was known for his bursts of anger and was known to slay whoever dared to oppose him. Ultimately, Rama brings him around.
Parashurama comes to know the real nature of Lord Rama as the ultimate Brahman , pays his respects and leaves for the forests for meditation. Sita places the wreath of victory around the neck of Rama in accordance with the rules of the swayamvara and is thus wedded to him.
However, Sita being his beloved daughter, Janaka desires to conduct a grand marriage of Sita and Rama in accordance with both Vedic and laukik traditional customs. Janaka dispatches messengers to Ayodhya to inform Dasharatha and his family about the marriage of Rama and Sita and invites them for the formal consummation of marriage ceremony.
After a grand wedding, the kind of which had never been witnessed in the universe, Rama and Sita return to Ayodhya where there was a great celebration and much rejoicing.
He decided to start the ceremonies for his coronation the very next day. The Devas however became very concerned at the prospect of Rama remaining in Ayodhya and not pursuing the wicked Ravana, and vanquishing him.
Something had to happen if Rama was to embark on his mission to rid the world of Ravana. They approached Goddess Saraswati for help. King Dasharatha has three wives. Queen Kaushalya is the principal queen and the mother of Rama.
At that time Bharata is in Kaikeya country visiting his uncle and so he is unaware of what is happening in Ayodhya. Manthara reminds Queen Kaikeyi of the two boons that the King had promised her. Kaikeyi enters the private room in the royal palace, where the King gives audience to his queens and awaits Dasharatha. Dasharatha is greatly alarmed and concerned that Kaikeyi is sitting in the sulking chamber, while the entire population of Ayodhya is greatly happy and eagerly anticipating the coronation of Rama.
Queen Kaikeyi speaks harshly to Dasharatha, which surprises the king. She reminds him of the two boons he promised her and to his bewilderment, asks him to install her son Bharata as Prince Regent and send Rama into the forest for 14 years. Queen Kaikeyi speaks to Rama and explains to him the boons that she had asked of His father. The people of Ayodhya remonstrate against Queen Kaikeyi who firmly believes that she is doing the right thing. Rama attempts to dissuade Lakshman and Sita from joining him but is unable to do so.
The scene becomes very emotional as Rama, Sita and Lakshman greet their mothers before finally going to Dashratha to take leave of him. Dasharatha attempts, in vain, to try to talk Sita out of joining Rama in the forest.
Rama, Sita, Lakshman and Sumantra go incognito and in the dead of the night leave the city and move into the forest.
They leave for a place called Sringaverapur after which they meet Guha, the Nishad king. Rama meets with the Sage Bharadwaj at his ashram. Rama is overwhelmed with the reception and love shown by the people inhabiting the banks of the Yamuna. Rama then meets Sage Valmiki , the author of the Ramayan at Chitrakoot dham. Valmiki recognises the true opulence of Rama and sings His praises. At this point Tulsidas takes great care to describe the beauty of the land of Chitrakoot with some inspiring poetry.
Rama asks Sumantra to return to Ayodhya which saddens Sumantra. He not only wants to stay with Rama, he is also afraid of going back only to face the anger and wrath of the citizens of Ayodhya. Rama persuades him to go back.
Bal Kand : Ramcharitmanas Bal Kand रामचरितमानस बाल काण्ड, पाठ, विडियो
The exact date is stated within the poem as being the ninth day of the month of Chaitra, which is the birthday of Rama, Rama Navami. The Ramcharitmanas is written in vernacular Awadhi language and was composed at Ayodhya, Varanasi and Chitrakoot. India was under the reign of Mughal emperor Akbar CE during this period. This also makes Tulsidas a contemporary of William Shakespeare. In the year Vikram CE , Tulsidas started composing the Ramcharitmanas in Ayodhya on Tuesday, Ramnavami day ninth day of the bright half of the Chaitra month, which is the birthday of Rama. Tulsidas himself attests this date in the Ramcharitmanas. He composed the epic over two years, seven months and twenty-six days, and completed the work in Vikram CE on the Vivaha Panchami day fifth day of the bright half of the Margashirsha month, which commenrates the wedding of Rama and his wife Sita.
श्री रामचरितमानस अर्थ सहित सम्पूर्ण | RamCharitManas in Hindi
Mukesh Your browser does not support the audio element. On the banks of the Sarayu river stood the magnificent city of Ayodhya, the capital of the kingdom of Kosala. King Dasaratha, its ruler performed ceremonial sacrifice to fire God for having desirable son putreshthi yagna. As they grew, sacred thread ceremony was held for all the four brothers. Dasharatha was apparently hesitant as Ram and Laxman were of tender age at that time and were not ready for a fight against mighty demons. However Dashratha consented as sage Vashishta advised him that it would be in their best interest.
Part of a series on. Finally, the wedding of Rama and Sita took place. Ramayan Summary — 2. Ramayan Summary — 1. Bal Kand Saints pick up good in everything. The capital of Kosala kingdom, King Dasarath its ruler undoubtedly. But the path was not all rosy for Ram.