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...the kidney, bladder, testicle, ovary, thyroid, and lung are known. Agenesis of the long bones of the arms or legs also may occur, called variously meromelia (absence of one or both hands or feet), phocomelia (normal hands and feet but absence of the long bones), and amelia (complete absence of one or more limbs).
...twins in which both members have the same type of limb abnormality, suggesting a hereditary predisposition to this type of malformation. Besides malformed individuals with rudimentary limbs (phocomelus; having “seal-like limbs”), others have incomplete or underdeveloped extremities (hemimelus, micromelus, ectromelus).
...absence of the collarbone, the radius (the long bone on the thumb side of the forearm), and the thighbone; congenital false joint in the shinbone (tibia); and absence of a middle segment of a limb ( phocomelia). Treatment of these conditions is difficult, often requiring advanced transplantation or orthopedic devices and sometimes necessitating amputation in childhood. Multiple abnormalities...
In amelia, one of the rarest of malformations of the extremities, limbs are completely absent. Ectromelia is the absence of one or more extremities. In phocomelia (“seal extremity”) the upper part of the limb is extremely underdeveloped or missing, and the lower part is attached directly to the trunk, resembling the flipper of a seal. Hemimelia is a condition in which the upper part...
...beginning in 1958. It was soon found to have teratogenic effects—producing severe malformations in infants born of mothers who had taken the drug during early pregnancy. These included phocomelia (“seal limbs,” in which the long bones in the arms and legs fail to develop) and other deformities such as absence or malformation of the external ear, fusion defects of the...
...was prescribed to treat morning sickness in pregnant women. Thalidomide had been on the market for several years before it was realized to be the causative agent of a rare birth defect, known as phocomelia, that had begun appearing at epidemic proportions. There was a dramatic reaction to the devastation caused by thalidomide, especially because it was considered a needless drug.
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