Symptoms of diabetes can be similar in type 1 diabetes, typically diagnosed in children and teens, and type 2 diabetes, which most often occurs in adults. Early symptoms of any type of diabetes are related to high blood and urine glucose levels and include
Other symptoms can include
- weight loss or gain,
- blurred vision, and
- increased susceptibility to infections.
Vaginal infections in women and yeast infections in both men and women are common. Other symptoms can include
Causes of diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is usually caused by insufficient production of insulin, production of defective insulin (which is uncommon), or the inability of the body's cells to use insulin properly (insulin resistance). Both genetics (inherited factors) and lifestyle factors (such as overweight or obesity) affect a person's chances of developing type 2 diabetes. The absolute lack of insulin, usually related to damage to or destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas likely due to an autoimmune reaction, is the cause of type 1 diabetes. There is also an inherited (genetic) risk for type 1 diabetes.
Kasper, D.L., et al., eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th Ed. United States: McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.
Main Article on Diabetes Symptoms and Signs
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Diabetes Symptoms and Signs
Examples of Medications for Diabetes Symptoms and Signs
- Actos (pioglitazone)
- Amaryl (glimepiride)
- chlorpropamide, Diabinese
- dapagliflozin, Farxiga
- exenatide, Byetta
- glipizide and metformin (Metaglip has been discontinued in the US)
- glipizide, Glipizide XL, Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL
- insulin glargine (Lantus)
- lisinopril (Zestril, Prinivil, Qbrelis) ACE Inhibitor
- losartan (Cozaar)
- metformin (Glucophage, Glucophage XR, Glumetza, Fortamet, Riomet)
- miglitol, Glyset
- nateglinide, Starlix
- piperacillin and tazobactam (Zosyn)
- pramlintide, Symlin
- Precose (acarbose)
- Qsymia (phentermine and topiramate extended-release )
- repaglinide, Prandin
- rosiglitazone, Avandia
- sitagliptin; Januvia
- Tradjenta (linagliptin)
- Victoza (liraglutide)