Heart Valve Repair The is basically a pump made out of muscle tissue. The heart will be having four pumping chambers, two upper chambers called as atria and two lower chambers called as ventricles. In order to keep the blood flowing forward during the journey through the heart, there will be valves between each of the heart’s pumping chambers such as: Tricuspid valve will be Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle Pulmonary valve will be located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery Mitral valve will be Located between the left atrium and the left ventricle Aortic valve will be Located between the left ventricle and the aorta The replacement or repair of the heart valve surgery will be done when the valves are diseased or damaged and don't work the way they should. The conditions which can cause heart valve dysfunction are valve regurgitation (leaky valve) and valve stenosis (stiffness). The diseased valve will be repaired using a ring which will support the damaged valve, or the whole valve can be removed and replaced by an artificial valve. The artificial valves can be made up of plastic or tissue (which are made from animal valves or human valves that are taken from the donors). There are cons and pros of every type, it is better to talk with your doctor about which is best for you.