The fuel parts of your car delivers the fuel needed by the engine for your car to run. Tuned, working fuel parts are necessary to sustain the transmission of fuel to the motor giving your car the means to power its movement. Like a human's circulatory system, a car's fuel system is made up of several key fuel parts working in concert to store and supply the lifeblood of the car: the fuel. These are the major fuel parts of your car:
1. Fuel tank
Since it takes up precious space, most fuel tanks are located in the vehicle's rear under the trunk compartment. It serves as the holding tank for the fuel, storing it until such time it is needed by the engine, when the fuel is then released. Fuel tanks are made from either metal or high density plastic. Steel and aluminum fuel tanks are good in restricting fuel emissions, but are being increasingly replaced by plastic tanks that do not corrode and have partial-zero emissions. Most fuel tanks have baffles to hold the fuel in place, and a fuel gauge that connects to the fuel meter on the dashboard. The fuel tank has a fuel filler pipes going to the engine and to a vent for releasing emissions.
2. Fuel pump
The fuel pump is the heart of the fuel parts system: it draws the fuel out of the fuel tank and feeds it to the engine through the fuel injectors. Cars made before the 1970's have mechanical or diaphragm pumps mounted on the fuel tank. Using the engine's motion, a rocker arm contracts the diaphragm by moving up and down, sucking the fuel out of the tank. This method, combined with heat from the engine and hot weather, sometimes brings the gasoline to a boil and turns it into vapor. Since the mechanical pump is designed to draw liquids, it will not be able to obtain more fuel, resulting in a condition known as vapor lock. Most fuel pumps today are electric and submerged inside the fuel tank to move it away from the engine's heat. Once the ignition switch is activated, current is sent to a relay that activates the fuel pump. The pump relay usually becomes oxidized for handling high voltage and in newer cars, pulse width modulation is used to control the voltage to prolong the relay's life.
3. Fuel injectors
Fuel injectors are small, electrically controlled valves that meter out the fuel to the car's engine. Fuel supplied by the fuel pumps enters the injection filters and is then forced out through a very small opening, turning liquid fuel into vapor. Liquid gas must be turned into vapor to make it burn faster in the combustion engine. The ideal fuel to air ratio of atomized fuel is 14.7:1. Several sensors monitor the amount of oxygen, fuel, and voltage metered by the fuel injectors to achieve the desired engine operating conditions.
4. Fuel filters
Since the fuel injection nozzles have very tiny openings, it is essential to filter the fuel entering the valves. A fuel filter, located at the fuel injection opening, screens the incoming fuel for contaminants like dirt, rust, and paint chips. Without fuel filters, these harmful particles can clog the injection nozzles and accelerate the wear and tear of your fuel parts. Optimal engine performance requires clean fuel, devoid of impurities.
Keeping the fuel parts in good repair is a primary car maintenance tenet, which is advisable for you to follow.