A buffer is a solution that resists changes in pH.
It is composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.
Buffer Range = pKa ± 1
|H3PO4||2.1, 7.2, 12.4|
|3 Ways to Prepare a Buffer|
|Weak Acid / Conjugate Base1 : 1|
|Weak Acid / Strong Base2 : 1|
|Weak Base / Strong Acid2 : 1|
Calculations with buffers
What is the pH of a solution having 0.10M CH3COOH and 0.080M CH3COONa? (Ka = 1.76×10-5)
What would be the pH if 5.0mL of 0.10M HCl were added to 100mL of the buffer solution above?