Pyelonephritis Symptoms Treatment
pyelonephritis - an inflammatory disease of tubulointerstitial tissues of the kidneys and upper urinary tract that has an infectious character.In women, the disease is found six times more often than men, due to the structural features of the body.However, in the elderly noted a significant increase in the incidence of this disease is in men is associated with impaired urodynamics arising as a result of kidney stones, or prostatic hypertrophy.
pyelonephritis is considered sufficiently dangerous disease, because it is often asymptomatic, no disrupting normal human being, and therefore is the most frequent non-specific diseases of the upper urinary tract, which make up about 30% of all urological diseases.
In most cases, agents of the inflammatory process arising in the kidney are staphylococci, E. coli, enterococci, Proteus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The penetration of the infectious agent in the kidney most often associated with reflux of urine into the ki
In most cases, there is a sudden: a sharp increase in body temperature to 39-40 ° C, a headache, weakness, profuse sweating begins, you may experience nausea and vomiting.Along with the rise in temperature, there are usually one-sided lumbar pain, dull nature and of varying intensity.In the early days of the disease may be a high content of nitrogenous wastes in the blood and in the urine - a large number of bacteria, red blood cells, white and pus.Urinating in uncomplicated P. shape is not broken.
In most cases, is a consequence of not fully cured of acute pyelonephritis, acute inflammation of the lift when possible, but it did not completely destroy all pathogens in the kidney, and to restore the normal flow of urine.Chronic P. often found when measuring blood pressure or urine.Patients will complain of general weakness, loss of appetite, headache, frequent urination occurs, there may be constant dull aching pain in the lumbar region (especially in cold or wet weather).The skin becomes dry and pale.In the course of the disease, often revealed hypertension and decreased urine specific gravity.Further progression of bilateral AP can lead to kidney failure
Causes of pyelonephritis
the disease faced by people of any age, but most often they sick:
- Children up to seven years with the emergence of the disease is associated withanatomical features of
- Girls and women from eighteen to thirty years with the development of P. directly related to pregnancy and childbirth, as well as the onset of sexual activity
- Older men who suffer from BPH
also the most common cause ofpyelonephritis are conditions and diseases in which disrupted the normal flow of urine from the kidney: frequent bouts of renal colic and urolithiasis.
may contribute to the development of P. following factors: chronic inflammatory diseases, acute cystitis, the presence of stones and salts in the kidney, diabetes and reduced total immunity
acute form of the disease
treatment is conducted inhospital, where he immediately appointed bed rest and drinking plenty of fluids.Meals should be high-calorie, but with a significant decrease in the extractives.The use of salt should be moderate, within ten grams per day, excessive drinking about 2.5 liters per day.It is necessary to use any form of cranberries and lingonberries, which promote breeding and acidification of urine, the result created unfavorable conditions for the bacterial flora, which contributes to its removal from the body.
addition to non-drug therapies for acute pyelonephritis immediately appointed antibiotics.In case of obstruction - the first priority is to restore the normal passage of urine.
Antibiotic therapy is prescribed purely individual and based on the sensitivity of abjection.Of course it is about ten - fifteen days.In cases where the pathogen is unknown - therapy thumb is selected (in the absence of a positive effect after four and a half hours is necessary to revise the diagnosis or changing medications).In the case of the accompanying high fever appointed detoxification solutions and antipyretics.To relieve pain and improve the flow of urine used antispasmodics.
chronic form of the disease
Treatment of chronic P. depends on the current stage of the disease.During periods of exacerbation strategy is no different from the treatment of the acute form of the disease.During periods of remission treatment is aimed at preventing relapse and includes repeated courses of antibacterial drugs (monthly for six months ten-day course with a change of drugs), as well as herbal medicine
Prevention of pyelonephritis
Prevention prevention of this disease include:
- Timely elimination of the causes that can cause violation of urodynamics
- Remediation of foci of infection
- The use of different methods and means to improve the overall immunity
- Preventing infection of the urinary tract
- In the case of already developed disease spending mandatory prevention of exacerbations
More articles on the topic:
1. Cystitis 2. Polycystic kidney