The virus is host-specific: It is because certain types of viruses attack only the certain type of host cell. So, they are said to be host-specific for e.g. Rhino virus attacks only the nasal tissues but cannot infect the blood.
Plant virus: The virus that attacks plant is called plant virus. E.g. - TMV (Tobacco Mosaic Virus) is one of the e.g. of a plant virus. Plant viruses are less host-specific because they can attack not only the particular plant but different species of plants.
Animal virus: The virus, that attacks animals tissues is called an animal virus.
Bacteriophages: The virus that infects bacteria is known as bacteriophages. Actually, bacteriophages are the eater of bacteria.
|S.N||Name of the disease/incubation period||Causative agent||Mode of transmission||Symptoms||Affected organs or||Control measures|
|1||Common cold (1-3) days.||Rhino virus||(Droplet infection.) (Direct or indirect contact.)||(Runny nose.) (Sneezing and Coughing.) (Headache and Watery eyes.)||Upper parts of respiratory tract.||(Taking antibiotics.) (Take vaccination.)|
|2||Measles (10-12) days||Paramyxo virus||(Droplet infection.) (Direct contact.) (Kissing.)||(Runny nose.) (Dizziness.) (Sore throat.)||Mouth, skin, respiratory tract, intestine.||(Vaccination) MMR.|
|3||Polio (9-14) days||Polio virus||(Through faeces.)||(Nasal secretes.) (High fever.) (Headache.) (Paralysis.)||Pharynx, blood, intestine, spinal cord||(Vaccination) Polio Drops.|
|4||Mumps (12-26) days||Paramyxo virus||(Droplet infection.) (Through faeces.)||(Swelling of the paratid.) (Swelling of breasts.) (Severe fever.)||Testes of male, breasts of female.||(Vaccination) MMR|
|5||Rabies (14 days too many months.)||Rhabdo virus||(Bite of rabid animal.) (Through saliva.)||(Fear of water.) (Headache.) (High fever.)||Spinal cord Salivary.||(vaccination)|
|6||AIDS (15-75 months.)||Retro virus||(Unsafe sexual intercourse.) (Infected blood transfusion.)||(Fever.) (Cough.) (Pneumonia.)||Blood||(Avoiding unsafe sexual contact.) (Avoiding use of drugs.)|
It stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome as immunity power of the body is drastically reduced. (HIV/AIDS) itself is not a disease but promotes many diseases. Due to AIDS, the immune system of the body is totally reduced. As a result, the disease-fighting capacity of the person become weak and s/he will be very likely to be attacked by the germs of other diseases. Therefore, we say that (HIV/AIDS) is not a disease in itself. The person dies off due to her/his poor immunity power.
Virus is the smallest micro organism. As they survive and reproduce only inside other organisms, viruses are called obligatory parasites.
The two characteristics of virus that make it living are:
There are two types of virus. The virus that has DNA as its genetic material is called DNA virus e.g. Bacteriophage. The virus that has RNA as its genetic material is called RNA virus e.g. HIV.
The three preventive measures of AIDS are-
A preventive measure for polio is the administering of polio drops. Rabies can be prevented by using anti-rabies vaccine.
The full form of AIDS is Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. The four main methods by which the virus that causes AIDS gets transmitted from one person to another are:
Polio virus attacks nervous system and affects the motor nerve resulting in high fever and stiff neck. When virus weakens the musculature, polio victims become paralyzed.
The person suffering from AIDS may die of any other disease because AIDS makes immune system very weak and the body cannot fight against any invading organisms.
As the dog or human infected with rabies virus has fear of water, rabies is called hydrophobia.
Any virus that has RNA as its genetic material and is involved in making DNA from RNA is called a retro virus. HIV is a retro virus.
The structure that covers the genetic material of the virus is called capsid. It is made up of small protein units called capsomeres.
Based on the nature of host cells, there are three types of virus- Animal virus (attacks animals), plant virus (attacks plants) and Bacteriophages (attacks bacteria).
i. They had mumps.
ii. The causative agent is Paramyxo virus.
iii. Its main preventive measure is the control of droplets from spreading during sneezing.
HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus AIDS- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome DNA- Deoxy ribo Nucleic Acid RNA- Ribo Nucleic Acid
In some people, the T cells decline and opportunistic infections that signal AIDS develop soon after. But, most people do not develop symptoms for 10-12 years and a few remain symptom-free for much longer. As with most diseases, early medical care can help prolong a persons life.
You cannot tell by looking at someone whether he or she is infected with HIV or has AIDS. An infected person can appear completely healthy. But, anyone infected with HIV can infect other people, even if he or she has no symptoms.
The viruses are called host species because they attack only a particular type of host or a particular type of tissue. Generally, virus that attack a particular type of host do not attack other types of hosts.
Virus is the smallest microorganism. As they survive and reproduce only inside other organisms, viruses are called obligatory parasites.
The causes of the given diseases are:-
The preventive measures are:
As the virus of AIDS (HIV) is found only in body fluids, AIDS does not transmit through kissing.
The modes of transmission of the given diseases are:-
The organs or parts of the body that are affected in the given diseases are:
AIDS is a disease in which body's immune system breaks down and is unable to fight off infections, known as 'opportunistic infections' and other illness that take advantages of weakened immune system.
The two differences between a virus and other living things are:
|Other living things|
The smallpox virus contains vitamins like riboflavin and biotin.
The study of virus called virology
Which one of the following is living characters of virus?
Made up of nucleic acid i.e. DNA and RNA.
All of them
Reproduce inside the living cells.