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Sep 18, 2013To look at causes/effects of colo embrittlement in material
At normal temperatures, steels and other materials have the ability to flex andTo look at causes/effects of colo embrittlement in material
At normal temperatures, steels and other materials have the ability to flex and deform in a ductile manner, this is due mainly to a process known as “slip”. In steels, slip planes exist between the grain boundaries in the existing crystal structure.
If the temperature of the steel drops appreciably and the service conditions are still, maintained. Then the ability of the material to “give” and flex under the normal process of “slip” is reduced.
At these lower temperatures, such as can exist in service areas including, cryogenic pipework. Offshore structures (oil/gas platforms) in very cold waters. The ability of the slip planes to move normally virtually stops and a phenomenon known as cold embrittlement can take place. Materials being subjected to this type of conditions are much more likely to fail in a brittle manner in effect the slip planes almost become immobile and fractures can begin and propagate throughout the material, resulting in catastrophic failure.
In materials such as plastics and some ceramics the effects of solar ray containing U.V can be very damaging. Over long periods, plastics can begin to “craze” resulting in very fine cracks being formed on the surface. If the materials is in service under a “stressed” condition the surface crazing can turn into deeper cracks and eventual failure. There are obvious ways in which the effects of U.V can be reduced i.e by changing the constituents of the base material, applying coating etc
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