A set of programmes have been created taking into consideration:
- The prioritised development issues under the three pillars of GPRS II;
- The National goal, Municipal development goals, objectives and strategies;
- The revised pro-poor programmes based on the poverty profiling, mapping and pro-poor programming exercise as well as vulnerability and social protection programmes.
The following sections list the strategies of the Municipality under the three pillars of GPRS II.APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABILITY TOOLSSustainability Test
Each of the strategies identified in Section 3.5 were analysed based on a sustainability criteria. The criteria included three categories: economic, social, and environmental sustainability. A strategy was considered sustainable under each category where it met the needs of today’s generation while allowing future generations to meet their own needs. A strategy that was strongly sustainable in a category was denoted with a 5, sustainable with a 4, neutral with a 3, unsustainable with a 2, and strongly unsustainable with a 1. In turn, the scores under each category were added together and averaged to determine the overall sustainability of each strategy. Table 4.2.1 presents the results ranked by sustainability.
Based on the sustainability criteria, it was determined that the average score ranged from 4.3 to 3.3. Specifically, 14 of the strategies were found to be sustainable while 15 of them were neutral. In conclusion, none of the proposed strategies are unsustainable and some of the strategies support sustainability.
When considering the overall sustainability of the Development Plan however, it was found that the Plan was sustainable in two categories and slightly unsustainable in one. Specifically, the strategies together had an average score of 4.2 for economic sustainability, 4.5 for social sustainability, and 2.9 for environmental sustainability. To enhance the environment sustainability of the strategies, they should be implemented through the use sustainable design.
Sustainable design may include but is not limited to the following:
Internal Consistency and External Compatibility Matrix
- In the construction of buildings such as school blocks, office and residential accommodation, theatre and mortuary, trees should be planted to replace those ones destroyed. In addition, grass should also be grown around the structure to protect the building and open spaces from erosion. Pavement should be provided as walkways to the structures in order to avoid erosion and further harm to vegetation.
- Land fills should be managed in such a manner that the effect of the environmental pollution on the surrounding area is minimised or completely avoided. Measures to be used include making sure that the sites are not located near the courses of rivers and streams. Land fill sites that are to capacity should be covered completely with dirt and trees should be planted overtop.
- Sector plans should be prepared for the orderly layout of new settlements. The plans should make adequate provision for sanitary areas, parks, gardens, residential areas, lorry parks, markets, and other required land uses. Where there are sector plans, site and building plans should be prepared in relation to the plans to ensure that structures are well distributed over space in order to avoid haphazard development.
- Boreholes drilled should be provided with soak-away pumps so as to avoid contamination of the water. The area around the pump should be paved, sanitary, and away from development that may containment the water.
- Construction of both household and public toilets should be done in a way to avoid slopes so that water bodies down stream are not contaminated. When full, the night soil should be drawn and deposited in trenches purposely prepared for that purposes.
- During the construction of roads, trees and other vegetation are often removed. After the completion of roads, vegetation should be planted along the side of the road to replaces those destroyed during the course of construction where appropriate.
- In areas where drains are to be constructed, care should be taken to ensure that the run off and sewage does not flow directly into water bodies but is allowed to percolate into the ground.
Each of the strategies identified in Section 3.5 were analysed based on an internal consistency and external compatibility matrix. The purpose of the analysis was to determine if strategies were compatible with each other in terms of their effects on livelihood, health, vulnerability to risks and institutional factors. Where two strategies where mutually supportive with each other, the box was marked with an “X”. Where two strategies had the potential to conflict with each other, the box was left blank. In the case where there was no significant interaction, the matrix was marked with an “O”. Appendix C: Internal Consistency and External Compatibility Matrix presents the matrix.
The level of compatibility between the different strategies was high. Specifically, no strategy was in conflict with another and almost every strategy provided some level of support to another. The construction of markets, construction, upgrade, and extension of roads, and construction of health posts/clinics and hospitals provide the most support to other strategies. However, stadium renovation and construction of community centres did not appear to directly support any of the initiatives. However, these two strategies may have indirect benefits. Chart 4.2.1 presents the strategies and how mutually supportive of other strategies they were.