You can write a bash script such that it receives arguments specified when the script is called from the command line. This method is used when a script has to perform a slightly different function depending on the values of input parameters (the arguments).
For example, you may have a script called “stats.sh” that performs a particular operation on a file, such as counting its words. If you want to be able to use that script on many files, it is best to pass the file name as an argument, so that you can use the same script for all the files to be processed.
Source: How to Pass Arguments to a Bash-Script (Lifewire)