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The GI tract is an impressive and intricate organ. About 30 feet long and comprised of trillions of cells, the GI tract provides a secondary line of defense (after the skin) against toxins, and is the primary line of defense for anything harmful we ingest.
70-90 percent of our immune system is found in the gut. Of the trillions of cells in it, 100 trillion are bacterial cells, and these cells have a profound effect on our health.
The collective group of both good and bad bacteria in the gut is called the gut flora. Gut flora help maintain the integrity of the lining of the GI tract three ways:
- First, they convert unabsorbed dietary sugars into short-chain fatty acids, which are a major source of energy for epithelial cells.
- Second, they adhere to the mucosa, forming a protective layer and blocking harmful bacteria.
- And third, they secrete immunoglobulin A (IgA or sIgA), which is an antibody that plays a critical role in immunity and helps prevent infection.
The gut flora can also assist in preventing allergies by balancing the histamine response and down-regulating inflammation.
Sugar, additives and preservatives, pesticides, herbicides, hormones, and antibiotics all have an impact on the balance of good and bad bacteria. Non-dietary influences include prescription and over-the-counter medications,
such as NSAIDS, stress (physical, psychological, or physiological), radiation, immune deficiencies, and aging.
As harmful bacteria levels rise, the intestines become more permeable, making them less likely to keep harmful pollutants out and to aid in the absorption of nutrients. Bacteria, toxins, and undigested proteins and fats can leak into the bloodstream and trigger an autoimmune reaction, which increases the levels of histamine, cortisol, and cytokines. This situation is often referred to as “leaky gut syndrome.”
When the health of the gut continues to decline, food sensitivities and autoimmune disorders can develop.
Our digestive health and function largely determines our ability to maintain optimal health, fitness, and performance.