Coefficient of Conservatism:
Coefficient of Wetness:
R. W. Smith
Native farther south, where evergreen; cultivated and rarely escaped northward. Roadsides, near old homesites, and forests. First collected in Michigan in 1899 in Muskegon Co.
MICHIGAN FLORA ONLINE. A. A. Reznicek, E. G. Voss, & B. S. Walters. February 2011. University of Michigan. Web. September 24, 2021. https://michiganflora.net/species.aspx?id=726.