Consequently, main causes of food difficulties were largely outside its own agricultural production. Nevertheless, numerous studies and evaluations have shown that it was in 1970-1980-ies. aic Russia became increasingly obvious to lag behind the advanced countries of the world. Reforms led to a severe crisis of agriculture – and crop and livestock production. A characteristic feature of the agrarian reforms in transition economy is that the content of policy documents was transformed into practice exactly the opposite way.
As a result, have become apparent signs of destabilization of the agricultural sector, mainly related to: * liberalization of prices, which resulted in the aggravation of inter-sectoral disparity of economic relations and the removal of huge resources from agriculture; * privatization of processing and service enterprises and organizations Instead of creating conditions for development cooperation and agro-industrial integration; * focus on small-scale private enterprise that has not led to a more effective organizational structures; Standardization of credit policy that ignores the specifics of agricultural cycles of production, slow capital turnover, forced transition to a market economy without a minimum of necessary infrastructure that led to the ousting of the main part of rural producers to markets, transfer of functions of distribution of products to intermediaries, strengthening its market power processors and trade organizations. When privatization meant that the subsequently established mechanisms of transition the primary distribution of property in the hands of effective users. Such mechanisms has not been created, so much of the land and fixed assets without any use had been in practically stopped the normal functioning of households. Of positive change can be noted that on the basis of reorganized collective and state farms were created by joint stock companies, limited partnerships, agricultural production cooperatives, associations of peasant (farmer) facilities, collective agricultural enterprise. Formed in a rudimentary farming sector. By the beginning of the twenty-first century marked the following issues: * non-agricultural uses was derived about 30 million hectares of land; * removal of nutrients from the soil equipment decreased by 40-60%. Depreciation of equipment has reached 75%. Its rate of annual disposals in 3-4 times faster than the rate of renewal.
When you save such a trend a few years nothing will perform mechanical work. Debts farms exceed the annual revenue from the sale of all agricultural products. 55% of farms were unprofitable. During the reform government capital investment declined by 20 times. The most important principles of state regulation, are particularly important in a crisis of economic transition are: * financial support of agricultural producers, agricultural protectionism * * combination economic and social goals. In recent years, the current Russian government tried to take into consideration and rethink the mistakes made in the early years of transition. Now agriculture in our country develops the national project "Development of agriculture." Priority directions of development of this project is: * an accelerated development of livestock * stimulating the development of small-scale farming; * providing affordable housing for young families and young professionals in rural areas. The main objective of the project – the accelerated development of livestock and increased production of meat and milk for the gradual replacement of imported meat and dairy products. In throughout the Russian task was to increase by 2008, milk production by 4,5%, meat – by 7%. In Russia, state support of rural enterprise should not be limited budgetary subsidies and compensation. Is crucial to provide home care to rural entrepreneurs, including warranties of newly established farms, and support the formation of productive infrastructure, promoting establishment and development of reformed agricultural enterprises.