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ARTICLE 1: ÖTEKILESTIRME VE IŞLEVLERI
There are lots of definitions about the concept of ‘other’.
In the most rational way, ‘other’ is the personal definition of who is not ‘us’.
The most favored function of ‘other’ is that the concept of other is the key
that can open many doors.
That’s why it is important to study about the concept of ‘other’.
Özçalık, Sevil (2009).” ötekileştirme ve işlevleri”.
Every difference like religion,gender,education,skin color can be an issue for
Generalizations such as “Every black person is aggressive” , “all European act
immorally” are very crucial reasons of why there is othering.
Most people do not accept that generalizations are indeed limited with time and
place. This is one of the problems about generalisations.
For instance; a German person mostly think about a couple of Turkish people’s
behaviour are same for all Turkish people.
ARTICLE 2: ‘BİZ’LİK, ‘ÖTEKİ’LİK, ÖTEKİLEŞTİRME VE
Hakan Yılmaz (2010): “ ‘Biz’lik, ‘Öteki’lik, Ötekileştirme ve Ayrımcılık”
WHAT IS OTHERING?
o Removing from a person or a group of people due to seeing as
‘other’, labelling them as bad amd harmful and trying to destroy
these ‘others’ or to assimilate them..
o In order to live in peace, we should not see anyone as ‘other’ and
not think they are bad. We can only create peace in such a
We dont forget every person is a complex bundle of emotions, ideas,
motivations, reflexes, priorities, and many other subtle aspects
It’s easier to dismiss them as being in some way less human, and less
worthy of respect and dignity, than we are.
Considered as minorities in Turkey are exposed to some marginalized
Minorities live among us with lifestyles and traditions, which make them
different in our evaluation of these features has caused them to other.
InTurkey some of the minorities are Kurds who constıtute the largest
stateless nation in the Middle East.
People live ın Tukey who feel themselves as other out of the Kurds are
describes as Türk.
Since these people want to feel unsure in tehir living area.
When they are forced to show that they are different,it may lead to split
With this treaty anyone other than Muslims are Turkish and their religion was
considered as Islam.
As seen in tis case people are deprived of their liberty.
Prof. Dr. Binnaz Toprak bir süre önce kamuyla paylaştığı “Türkiye’de Farklı
Olmak” adlı araştırmasına ilişkin bilgileri paylaştığı konuşmasında, özellikle
Anadolu’da AKP hükümeti yüzünden kamu kurumlarında, Alevi ve Romanların
çalışmasına izin verilmediğini, bu kişilerin “ötekileştirildiklerini”
söyledi.(MİLLİYET - GÜLAY FIRAT / İstanbul - 26.4.2009)
Racism is the most extreme othering .
Racism does not occurs suddenly ,it occurs in a period of time.
In Turkey racism and ethnic discrimination are prevalent in its society and
throughout its history.
This racism and ethnic discrimination is also institutional against the non-
Muslim and non-Sunni minorities.
This appears mainly in the form of negative attitudes and actions by Turks
towards people who are not considered ethnically Turkish.
Such discrimination is predominately towards non-Muslim minorities such as
Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, and others, as well as hostility towards various
interpretations of Islam such as Alevis, Sufis, and other Muslim non-Turks
such as Kurds.
Why did the
concept of other
The effort to
class The relationship
based on other-
Demand to create
The effort to
The effort to
have power Patriarchal
Grup Üyeleri Media Policy Capitalist
Kübra 4 7 5 6
Sultan 5 6 4 7
Başar 3 6 5 7
Zeynep 4 5 7 6
Sum 16 24 21 26
% 18,40 27,50 24,10 30
Human Capitalist System Policy Media
o The Topic is decided with matrix diagram is
human, so we have covered some solutions
o Being tolerant is crucial to fight with
othering.Families and teachers have great
responsibility in this situation.They have to
get a series of seminars about othering and
being tolerant.These seminars will be
beneficial for parents in order to reach their
children and treat them.
o Inorder to overcome othering people have to get rid of
the structure of class society.Besides, people need to
perceive the problem of othering as an international
o Individual has to identify and understand and accept
himself/herself, after that he/she can accept and
understand others realities.
o People realize that differences are cultural beauties.In
order to breakdown the prejudices,families and teachers
must be educated.Government support
symposiums,forums and social debate to educate those
families and teachers about othering.
o With those, othering will be decrease and it can provide a
STEPS WEEKS 1 2 3 4 5
Approval of the
survey & data
CHECK Analysis of data
Preparing PPT &
Bezirgan Arar, Yurdagül ve Nuri Bilgin (2009).”Gazetlerde Ötekileştirme Pratikleri: Türk Basını
Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi:30, 1-15.
Özçalık, Sevil (2009).”Ötekileştirme ve İşlevleri”.
Toprak, Binnaz ve İrfan Bozan, Nedim Şener, Tan Morgül,(2008).”Türkiye’de farklı olmak:
din ve muhafazakarlık ekseninde ötekileştirilenler”.ii, 186 p.; 21 cm. ISBN 978-975-
Yılmaz, Hakan. 2010. “ 'Türkiye'de 'Biz'lik, 'Öteki'lik, Ötekileştirme ve Ayrımcılık:
Kamuoyundaki Algılar ve Eğilimler”. Açık Toplum Vakfı ve Boğaziçi Üniversitesi
tarafından eş katkıyla desteklenen araştırma projesi.
Köksal, Hayal (2014). “İmece Circle”. ED313 Conflict Resolution