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Texas, one of the West South Central states of the U. S., bordered
on the N. by Oklahoma, on the NE by Arkansas, on the E. by Louisiana, on
the SE by the Gulf of Mexico, on the SW by Mexico, and on the W. by New
Mexico. The Red River forms part of the N. boundary, the Sabine R. forms
part of the E. boundary, and the Rio Grande forms the border with
Texas entered the Union on December 29, 1845, as the 28th State.
Two 20th Century U. S. Presidents, Dwight D. Eisenhower and Lyndon B.
Johnson were born in Texas. In the 19th Century the Texas economy
was based on cattle breeding, cotton growing, and other agricultural
activities. After 1900 petroleum and natural gas production became
very important and the state also developed a diversified manufacturing
sector. In the early 1980's Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio were
the state's largest cities and among its important industrial centers.
The state's name is derived from tejas, the mid 16th Century rendering
of a Caddo Indian term meaning, "friends." It was adopted and
spelled as Texas in 1836, the year it became independent of Mexico.
Texas is known as the Lone Star State for the single star on its flag.
Nickname: Lone Star State
State Song: "Texas Our Texas"
State Tree: Pecan
State Flower: Bluebonnet
State Bird: Mockingbird
Area: 266, 807 sq. mi.; 2nd largest state
Coastline: 367 mi.
Highest Point: Guadalupe Peak, 8749 ft.
Lowest Point: Sea level at the Gulf Coast
Electoral Votes: 29
U. S. Congress: 2 senators, 27 representatives
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