The world’s forests face a “decisive year” as nations prepare to adopt the Sustainable Development Goals and gather for key climate talks.
In a UN report on forests, senior official Jose Graziano da Silva called slowing deforestation rates “positive”.
Area the size of South Africa lost since 1990
But he added that “this positive trend needs strengthening,” as the report showed that an area the size of South Africa had been lost since 1990.
The report was published at the World Forestry Congress, currently being held in Durban until 11 September. See our calendar for more information.
“The contribution of forests to the wellbeing of humankind are extraordinarily vast and far-reach,” said Mr Graziano da Silva, director-general of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
“Forests play a fundamental role in combating rural poverty, ensuring food security and providing decent livelihoods.”
Forests provide food, air, water, biodiversity and climate mitigation
He added that forests were also key components in the natural world’s ability to provide environmental services, such as clean air and water, biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation.
The UN’s Global Forest Resource Assessment 2015, compiled and published by the FAO, reports that an estimated 129 millions hectares of of forest (an area almost equivalent in size to South Africa) has been lost since 1990.
The assessment, which covered 234 countries and territories, reported the biggest losses of forest cover occurring in Africa, South America and South-East Asia.
Net annual rate of forest loss has slowed
However, globally, the study said that the net annual rate of forest loss had slowed from 0.18% in the early 1990s to 0.08% during the period between 2010 and 2015.
While the area of natural forests (which account for an estimate 93% of the globe’s forest cover) continued to decrease, the planted forest area had seen an increase, the report observed.
FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment Team leader Kenneth MacDicken said: “The management of forests has improved dramatically over the past 25 years.
“This includes planning, knowledge sharing, legislation, policies – a whole range of important steps that countries have implemented or are implementing,” he added.
Asia dominate the list of the top 10 nations that have reported the greatest forest area gain between 2010 and 2015, however there are honourable mentions for the US and France.
Home for half of world’s terrestrial species
Forests are also hotspots for biodiversity, providing a home for half of the world’s terrestrial species of animals, plants and insects.
Despite recent progress in increasing the area offered conservation protection status, the FAO warned that the threat to biodiversity continued.
Mr Graziano da Silva cautioned: “We will not succeed in reducing the impact of climate change and promoting sustainable development if he do not preserve our forests and sustainably use the many resources they offer us.”
By Mark Kinver. Source: BBC News
Nations report the greatest annual forest loss (2010-2015):
- Brazil 984,000
- Indonesia 684,000
- Myanmar 546,000
- Nigeria 410,000
- Tanzania 372,000
- Paraguay 325,000
- Zimbabwe 312,000
- DR Congo 311,000
- Argentina 297,000
- Venezuela 289,000
(Unit: hectares. Source: FAO FRA 2015)