A large focus for us this year is to share how to use Story Grammar Marker® methodology for both Narrative and Expository text selections. As a manner of best practice, Maryellen Moreau, creator of the Story Grammar Marker® has always paired narrative and expository texts together in her workshops. Camp (2000) introduced a concept called “twin texts” describing a way to pair books together. “Twin texts” are two books, one fiction and one non-fiction that are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about learning and activate prior knowledge. (examples, above right) “Teachers can integrate language arts, science, social studies, and other content areas by using children’s literature as a bridge” (Camp, 2000, p. 400). This pairing of twin texts improves comprehension in three ways: “building background knowledge, developing text-related vocabulary and increasing motivation to explore the topic under discussion” (Soalt, 2005, p.680).
Another avenue for this idea of blending narrative and expository text is through “historical fiction” which integrates aspects of social studies right in with a story. The characters and the plot are fictitious, but the setting (time period, place and what usually happens there) are real. This setting may include historical figures, social conditions, clothing, lifestyles, foods, transportation, customs, cultures, etc. Examples of this type of literature are:
This helps children transition from narrative to expository text and to “realize that both types of text structure can be interesting, informational and meaningful” (Sanacore, 1990, p. 3).
There are also novels, children’s books, plays, TV shows and movies that are in the category of “based on a true story.” They are narratives that contain real characters in real settings and the story is constructed around the facts of an experience, event or a situation. Sometimes authors, playwrights or screen writers take artistic/creative/dramatic license in telling the story. Since this is Black History Month, here are some examples of blockbuster movies in this category:
For our next Black History Month lesson, we are going to share a true story with you that can be used for a lesson. We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning for our community in Springfield, Massachusetts. The book is set eighty-two years ago and shows the championing of the human spirit. The incident, or situation to be understood, occurred at a time very different from the present. Amazon.com’s summary is: “The true story of an all-star baseball team from Springfield, Massachusetts. When racial prejudice threatens to keep Bunny off the field, the team must choose to follow their dream of playing in the championship or to stand up for their teammate.”
A couple of years ago, Maryellen Moreau presented a webinar on Advanceweb.com using this story, A Home Run for Bunny by Richard Anderson. In this webinar, Maryellen demonstrated a lesson that includes rigorous opportunities for learning using the Story Grammar Marker® and ThemeMaker®. Through this narrative picture book along with newspaper articles, biographies, and other informational texts, participants will learn how Maryellen designs a narrative and expository lesson with multiple sources that is aligned to the Standards. Click here to register (for free) for access to the Advance Webinar and Handout.
Below is a photo of the 1934 all-star baseball team from Springfield, MA. “Looking back now, nothing we did on any ball field compares with what we did on August 23, 1934. Long before anyone had ever heard of Jackie Robinson, a team of fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield, Massachusetts, chose loyalty and respect over championships. Without swinging a single bat, we’d hit a home run—not just for Bunny, but for people everywhere.” You may purchase A Home Run for Bunny at Amazon Books.