R. Timothy Hunt, in full Richard Timothy Hunt, (born February 19, 1943, Neston, Cheshire, England), British scientist who, with Leland H. Hartwell and Sir Paul M. Nurse, won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2001 for discovering key regulators of the cell cycle.
After receiving a Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in 1968, Hunt conducted research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York. He later taught at Cambridge (1981–90) and in 1991 became principal scientist at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund (now Cancer Research UK).
Hunt’s research centred on the chain of events that a cell undergoes from one division to another. Known as the cell cycle, the process includes growth, DNA duplication, and division. Concentrating on cyclins, the proteins that form and break down during the cell cycle, he was able to isolate the first cyclin in 1982 using sea urchins. Hunt discovered that cyclin binds to the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) molecules discovered by Nurse, functioning as a biochemical enabling agent to activate the CDKs (key enzymes involved in many cell functions). Hunt also showed that the periodic degradation of cyclin is an important general regulatory mechanism in the cell cycle. By 2001 about 10 cyclins had been identified in humans. Hunt’s work aided in the understanding of cancer-cell development. In addition to writing numerous papers on the cell cycle, he has served on editorial boards for several journals.