Nowadays, children and adolescents are becoming less physically active and are adopting a sedentary life, in front of computers and television screens. However, at school, children get away from the above habits and become more active. Because of this increased physical activity, a lot of accidents are caused during school hours compared with the accidents that are caused during the rest of the day. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor performance and accident proneness in preschool and primary school children. Specifically, the factors, which have been contributed to accident proneness, have been studied. Finally, the relationship between motor performance and severity of injury has been investigated. Possible factors that contribute to an accident are proved to be age, gender, psychologicalbehavioural factors, the activity engaged, the surface or equipment used and insufficient organization. Regarding the frequency of accidents and the age, most researchers come to the conclusion that as children grow up become more prone to accidents. According to the relationship between sex and frequency of accidents most researchers claim that boys have higher accident rates than girls. It is also mentioned a significant relationship between accident frequency and measures of high hazard exposure. Finally, children’s motor development plays an important role in the avoidance of accidents. On the other hand, there is no research that studies the relationship between the seriousness of an accident with the level of motor ability and the tendency of a child to have accidents.