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Hydrogen bonding is done with hydrogen protons, which are the fundamental containment of positive charge in our universe, interacting with electrons;
protons, which are the fundamental containment of positive charge in our universe
when isolated by experiments,
These are not theoretical
but a persistent form of natural containment for positive and negative charge.
Not everything is useful in specific application of applied science.
This is why I stick to protons and electrons that formed when gravity and GR was huge.
Positrons are natural and can form from energy or directly from matter, such as with beta decay. But since we live in a matter universe, these are not that useful to applied science except for new type of bombs or perhaps energy generation
. It is like Joe the business owner and Joe the husband. It is one person with two roles, which may not always be easy to separate.
The proton, by not having its positive charge contained in a permanent way,
If we isolate a proton and an electron, both have a single charge, but their different natural containments styles impact the EM forces that each can and ill generate. The lighter electron is always in faster motion than the proton, except under high energy conditions; particle accelerators. At room temperature, the election generates a stronger magnetic component to the EM force of its negative charge, than proton does for its positive charge, by virtual of the higher average electron velocity. The charges may balanced, but the EM force is not balanced, at the conditions of life. This is the practical reality that I need to deal with, rather than try to force a square peg in a round hole.In water, if we compare the oxygen nucleus with the hydrogen proton, the hydrogen protons of oxygen can share positive charge better, within the oxygen nucleus, compared to the isolated hydrogen proton. The nucleus protons of oxygen can share with the electrons via the EM force, but also with the neutrons and other protons within the nucleus. Nucleus sharing should increase the magnetic contribution of the positive charge, due to its enhanced mobility in its confined nuclear space, with the enhanced magnetic wave addition able to overcome some of the positive charge repulsion; Pauli exclusion principle. This will not match the electron, in terms of nucleus orbital arrangements, due to less EM force potential, but it will have an impact on how the electrons need to align. After helium, spherical orbitals alone do not optimize all the magnetic addition of higher atoms.In the case of oxygen, the oxygen atom, as oxide, is able to hold two extra electrons compared to its nuclear protons. The enhanced magnetic fields of the electrons, compared to the protons and positive charge, need to lower EM potential by adding with each other, instead of with the protons, exclusively.Hydrogen bonding will require these induced electrons share also with the lower positive charge magnetic component of hydrogen proton. This allows for a binary switch between the two states. Within the hydrogen bond, all the forces of nature are in balance, including the nuclear forces of the oxygen via its positive charge sharing.In life, hydrogen protons are both reduced and oxidized. Reduced hydrogen such as with carbon contain more energy potential. These hydrogen are covalently bonded to carbon, but can share electron density via polar bonding; van der Waals, with other organics. The energy difference between these states is high, so this binary is not very useful expect for helping to trigger chemical reactions. The hydrogen proton, via hydrogen bonding has a better balance between polar and covalent bonding and can act as a switch. The difference has to due with the carbon and oxygen nucleus induction, with oxygen and hydrogen bonding more stable. Nitrogen is in the middle.
How did you think that the electron was considered to be two particles when absolutely nobody and nothing said that it was?
In life, hydrogen protons are both reduced and oxidized.
I was educated as an applied scientist.
I would like to look at the water and oil affect, from the POV of the unification of mass and negative charge
If we mix water and oil and shake, we will form an emulsion. If we let it settle, the water and oil will separate into two layers. This is driven by water and hydrogen bonding.
Puppy power tells it very well.
Sometimes people sound confused only due to the dilemma discovery. We make a discovery then try to dismantle it then it takes time to study and reassemble and make meaning of what we have. most of the time we can find the truth embedded within the confusion.
I'm lost for words.
It's a pity PuppyPower is seldom in that position.I don't know why he hasn't been banned as a troll.
Quote from: puppypower on 21/06/2021 15:37:27If we mix water and oil and shake, we will form an emulsion. If we let it settle, the water and oil will separate into two layers. This is driven by water and hydrogen bonding.If you shake a hydrocarbon oil like cyclohexane with a perfluorocarbon oil, they will form an emulsion, and if you let that settle, the two layers will separate out.But no hydrogen bonding will be present in either layer.So, your "explanation" makes no sense.
your "explanation" makes no sense.