Note the article below, extracted
from the Daily Mail in the
already have shown a very solid basis for just such effects, and
published their work in prestigious scientific publications.
Connect this experimentally
demonstrated British “excess heat” effect by Calver et al. to the fact
that, as pointed out by Maxwell in 1878, the smaller parts (such as
the molecules) of every macrosystem are continually violating the old
second law of thermodynamics by taking on excess energy (i.e., from
the broken symmetry of the vacuum exchange of the charges). Quoting
"The truth of the second law is … a
not a mathematical,
truth, for it depends on the fact that
the bodies we deal with consist of millions of molecules… Hence the
second law of thermodynamics is continually being violated,
and that to a
considerable extent, in any sufficiently small group of molecules
belonging to a real body." [J. C.
Maxwell, “Tait's Thermodynamics II,” Nature
17, 278–280 (7 February
Note also that any system of
charges is a system of continuous exchanges between the seething
virtual state vacuum fluctuations and those charges. Every charge also
is known to polarize its surrounding active vacuum, forming a
dipolarity ensemble. And that is a known broken symmetry in physics
(Lee and Yang were promptly awarded the Nobel Prize in 1957 for
predicting broken symmetry, which was almost immediately proven
experimentally by Wu and her colleagues in Feb. 1957. With
unprecedented speed, the Nobel Committee awarded Lee and Yang the
Nobel Prize in the same year, in Dec. 1957. This was and is a giant
revolution in physics, but has not made it very much into chemistry,
and has not made it at all into the hoary old 1880s/1890s seriously
flawed electrical engineering.
Now realize that the
transient fluctuation theorem
(originally derived from or in accord with Einstein’s work on Brownian
motion) shows the negative entropy effect. For a modern
of the transient fluctuation theorem, see
D. J. Evans and D. J. Searles, "Equilibrium
microstates which generate second law violating steady states,"
Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 50, 1994, p. 1645-1648.
This paper advances the transient fluctuation theorem which predicts
appreciable and measurable violations of the second law of
thermodynamics for small systems over short time scales. The theorem
relates the relative probability of delivering negative versus
positive work to an experimental vessel. The theorem applies to
systems in a constant-temperature environment and initially at
Note the phrase “delivering
negative … work to an experimental vessel”. Delivering negative work
of course means “delivering positive excess energy”.
In other words, since smaller
parts of the system continually receive excess energy, it is possible
to “tap” some of this transient fluctuation excess energy in fluids
etc. as free work. In short, it is possible to produce excess heating.
For a further generalized form of
the transient fluctuation theorem, when one manipulates a system so as
to change its free energy, see Gavin E. Crooks,
"Entropy production fluctuation
theorem and the nonequilibrium work relation for free energy
differences," Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 60, 1999, p. 2721-2726.
For theoretical proof that real
physical systems can produce continuous negative entropy (i.e.,
continuous acquisition or receipt of excess potential energy), see
D. J. Evans and Lamberto Rondoni,
"Comments on the Entropy of Nonequilibrium Steady States,"
J. Stat. Phys.,
109(3-4), Nov. 2002, p. 895-920.
This paper proves that real physical systems can
produce continuous negative entropy, in total violation to the flawed
old second law of equilibrium
G. M. Wang, E. M. Sevick, Emil Mittag, Debra J.
Searles, and Denis J. Evans, "Experimental Demonstration
of Violations of the
Second Law of Thermodynamics for Small Systems and Short Time
Scales," Phys. Rev. Lett., 89(5), 29 July 2002, 050601.
demonstrates the integrated
theorem, which predicts appreciable and measurable violations
of the second law of thermodynamics for small systems over short time
scales. Entropy consumption is shown to occur over colloidal length
and time scales, for up to two seconds and
at micron size scales. Note
that in an average aqueous type fluid, a cubic micron volume contains
some 30 billion ions. This means that groupings of 30 billion ions
receiving excess energy (and increasing their potential energy
available) for up to two seconds can exist.
And as Steven Blau pointed out,
fluctuation theorem tested by Evans and coworkers applies to systems
in a constant-temperature environment and initially at equilibrium."
[Steven K. Blau, "The Unusual Thermodynamics of Microscopic
Systems," Physics Today, 55(9), Sep. 2002, p. 19-21. Quote is
from pp. 19-20].
If there is a method (say, near
the walls of the container) for this excess energy to be emitted as
heat, then this type effect can produce excess heat energy passing
through the walls and out of the container.
It may be just a problem of
“tailoring” the various ingredients of the fluid so that this “release
of excess transient fluctuation energy” occurs as heat passing on out
of the container. That is a very special kind of “disequilibrium”
where only a part of the fluid is far from thermodynamic equilibrium,
at any one time. If so, then nonequilibrium thermodynamics guarantees
that one is allowed to violate the hoary old second law of
“equilibrium” thermodynamics. One effect known to allow such violation
is sharp gradients.
So if the transient fluctuations
in their initial gain of excess energy then sharply decline, that
gives a sharp gradient that could definitely emit real heat through
the walls of the container.
The real reason it can do so (emit
excess EM energy in the form of heat) is that any “static EM field” of
an atom or molecule is not static at all. Instead, it is a steady flow
of real photons, emitted by the source charge or dipolarity to which
the “static” field is associated. For a beautiful analogy, see Van
Flandern’s analogy. Quoting Van Flandern on the question of a static
field actually being made of finer parts in continuous motion:
“To retain causality, we must
distinguish two distinct meanings of the term ‘static’. One meaning
is unchanging in the sense of no moving parts. The other meaning is
sameness from moment to moment by continual replacement of all
moving parts. We can visualize this difference by thinking of a
waterfall. A frozen waterfall is static in the first sense, and a
flowing waterfall is static in the second sense. Both are
essentially the same at every moment, yet the latter has moving
parts capable of transferring momentum, and is made of entities that
propagate. …So are … fields for a rigid, stationary source frozen,
or are they continually regenerated? Causality seems to require the
latter.” [Tom Van Flandern, “The speed of gravity – What
the experiments say,” Physics Letters A, Vol. 250, Dec. 21,
1998, p. 8-9].
Wang and the rest of the D. J. Evans group have pointed
out that the “transient” fluctuation theory can apply steadily (for
all time) when associated with a nonequilibrium steady state system.
“The fluctuation theorem (FT)
quantifies the probability of second law violations in small systems
over short time scales. While this theorem has been experimentally
demonstrated for systems that are perturbed from an initial
equilibrium state, there are a number of studies suggesting that the
theorem applies asymptotically in the long time limit to systems in
a nonequilibrium steady state. The asymptotic application of the FT
to such nonequilibrium steady states has been referred to in the
literature as the steady-state fluctuation theorem (or SSFT). In
this paper, we demonstrate experimentally the application of the FT
to nonequilibrium steady states, using a colloidal particle
localized in a translating optical trap. Furthermore, we show, for
this colloidal system, that the FT holds under nonequilibrium steady
states for all time, and not just in the long time limit, as in the
SSFT.” [G. M. Wang, J. C. Reid, D.
M. Carberry, D. R. M. Williams, E. M. Sevick, and Denis J. Evans.
“Experimental study of the fluctuation theorem in a nonequilibrium
steady state.” Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 71, 2005, 046142].
So indeed a very good basis exists
for systems that do permissibly emit excess heat energy continuously.
It would appear that Calver and
the other members of his British team had discovered one such system.
The foregoing work by Evans et al. have already shown a very strong
basis for just such an effect.
As we have so long pointed out, if
the scientific community will just unleash and fund some of its sharp
young doctoral candidates, postdoctoral scientists, and a few sharp
young professors and allow them to work in such areas, then in two
years there will never again be an energy crisis in the world
anywhere. It will solved cheaply, cleanly, and easily – and it will
also solve most of the present problem of human contribution to global
warming, by dramatically reducing or eliminating most harmful
emissions that contribute to it from all our power systems, autos,
Wednesday, September 19, 2007 10:47 AM
Latest Overunity Device
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Science & technology,
DAILY MAIL (UK)
HOW THIS 12INCH MIRACLE TUBE COULD HALVE HEATING BILLS
Amazing British invention creates MORE energy than you put into it -
and could soon be warming your home
Last updated at 21:09pm on 15th September 2007
It sounds too good to be true - not to mention the fact that it
violates almost every known law of physics.
But British scientists claim they have invented a revolutionary device
that seems to 'create' energy from virtually nothing.
Their so-called thermal energy cell could soon be fitted into ordinary
homes, halving domestic heating bills and making a major contribution
towards cutting carbon emissions.
Hot stuff: Ecowatts boss Paul Calver with the device
Even the makers of the device are at a loss to explain exactly how it
works - but sceptical independent scientists carried out their own
tests and discovered that the 12in x 2in tube really does produce far
more heat energy than the electrical energy put in.
The device seems to break the fundamental physical law that energy
cannot be created from nothing - but researchers believe it taps into
a previously unrecognised source of energy, stored at a sub-atomic
level within the hydrogen atoms in water.
The system - developed by scientists at a firm called Ecowatts in a
nondescript laboratory on an industrial estate at Lancing, West Sussex
- involves passing an electrical current through a mixture of water,
potassium carbonate (otherwise known as potash) and a secret liquid
catalyst, based on chrome.
This creates a reaction that releases an incredible amount of energy
compared to that put in. If the reaction takes place in a unit
surrounded by water, the liquid heats up, which could form the basis
for a household heating system.
If the technology can be developed on a domestic scale, it means
consumers will need much less energy for heating and hot water -
creating smaller bills and fewer greenhouse gases.
Jim Lyons, of the
independently evaluated the system. He said: 'Let's be honest, people
are generally pretty sceptical about this kind of thing. Our team was
happy to take on the evaluation, even if to prove it didn't work.
'But this is a very efficient replacement for the traditional
immersion heater. We have examined this interesting technology and
when we got the rig operating, we were getting 150 to 200 per cent
more energy out than we put in, without trying too hard.
People are sceptical - but somehow it works
'We are still not clear about the science involved here, because the
physics and chemistry are very different-to everything that has gone
before. Our challenge now is to study the science and how it works.'
The device has taken ten years of painstaking work by a small team at
Ecowatts' tiny red-brick laboratory, and bosses predict a household
version of their device will be ready to go on sale within the next 18
The project, which has cost the company £1.4million, has the backing
of the Department of Trade and Industry, which is keen to help poorer
families without traditional central heating or who cannot afford
rocketing fuel bills.
Ecowatts says the device will cost between £1,500 and £2,000, in line
with the price of traditional systems.
The development of the groundbreaking technology results from a chance
meeting between Ecowatts chairman Chris Davies, his wife Jane and an
Irish inventor, Christopher Eccles, while the couple were on holiday
near Shannon in 1998.
After the inventor showed the couple his laboratory experiments, Mrs
Davies, immediately signed a £20,000 cheque on the bonnet of her car
and handed it over to Mr Eccles.
He later became chief scientist of Ecowatts' parent company Gardner
Watts, but has since left after 'falling out' with the company,
according to insiders. Sadly, Mrs Davies died three years ago, so she
will be unable to share in the success of her husband's development of
Mr Davies, now 75, of
Essex, was unavailable for comment
But Ecowatts chief executive Paul Calver said: 'When Jane Davies
whipped out her cheque book, it turned out to be a very good
'She and Chris were always interested in ecology and now it looks as
if our heat exchanger system is ready to go on sale soon. We're
producing a device in the next nine months to heat radiators.
'Most British homes rely on gas, and the Government has admitted there
is a problem getting a substitute. Our device will help solve that.'
Sustainable energy expert Professor Saffa Riffat, of
also led a team investigating the system.
He said: 'The concept is very interesting and it could be a major
breakthrough, but more tests are required. We will be doing further
Here's a sample of the latest comments published. You can click view
all to read all comments that readers have sent in.
Keep testing, and make sure it can be reproduced in other labs by
If this is true, then let us hope that yet another great British
invention is not lost to this Country and then exploited by foreign
corporations and industry.
So the government will just raise the cost of power.
- Expatriot, Newquay
September 19, 2007