Health and development 1. According to PAHO (2009), the world is more unequal among nations, classes and social groups and that is part of the complexity; the economic paradigm enables the free market in the health sector. The Alma Ata Declaration is the largest health event in the world; Primary Health Care, PHC, is a strategy within the “health for all ” system that is the goal. There is a relationship between health and development. PHC means essential care but has been distorted to the first level of care or elementary care.
Community Care has made the most progress in the PHC approach. There are greater conditions for building equity in health; for example, the human rights approach has improved the right of access to health, universality and the right of access to health. Professor National Faculty of Public Health. University of Antioquia. March 2013.
The largest health event in the world
4 invisibility of economic and Social Rights which improve equity. The starting point is the existence of subjects with rights that demand obligations and these, mechanisms to achieve equity in health. Rights guide policies; the principle of inclusion transforms policy into health.
Latin America, AL, presents high rates of injustice in health and makes it more difficult to achieve equity in health. Health systems have a lot to say about health equity. Scientific evidence shows that PHC facilitates equity in health. 2. In Colombia, according to Guzman (2010), the process of social participation in health decision-making (setting priorities) is very incipient. By choosing a model that relies on Market Regulation, health reform began to conceive patients as “consumer customers” and gives them the power to choose the insurer, doctors and hospitals where they want care; the participatory approach is eminently individualistic.
The health reform of the 90s in Latin America, works the policies of prevention and promotion through lifestyles; in 2005, Montevideo raised the need to develop health systems based on Primary Health Care, PHC, as a strategy to achieve the universal right to health. It attempts to overcome barriers that prevented its implementation: segmentation of health systems, poor coordination between the community and relevant agencies, inadequate use of information, insufficient intersectoral collaboration and low investment in human resources.
Public health problems a problem is a particular
Public health problems a problem is a particular issue or an issue that requires a solution. At the social level, this is a specific situation that, when it is resolved, brings benefits to society (such as reducing a country’s poverty rate or rebuilding buildings destroyed by an earthquake).
A public health problem is a situation that adversely affects the well-being of individuals and the population and can be analysed from its magnitude or lethality. 1. Catalina Reyes Cardenas (in hygiene and Health), describes the problems of Hygiene and Public Health at the beginning of the twentieth century in Medellin which were similar to those of other Latin American cities, and were associated with accelerated growth, urbanization and industrialization.
In Colombia at the time, alarming mortality figures were presented due to epidemics caused by poverty, marginalization, overcrowding, malnutrition, lack of hygiene standards and absence of Ramón Eugenio Paniagua Suarez. Professor National Faculty of Public Health. University of Antioquia. March 2013. 5 of public health measures. The slow improvement of residential public services such as: Aqueduct, Sewerage and electric power, improved hygiene habits, health and quality of life.
The slow improvement of residential public services
Medicine had great power in society and doctors, they were establishing health control over specific population groups such as: the poor, prostitutes, workers, in addition to factory premises. In 1914, the charge for cleaning services began due to the need to clean the streets of the city. Since 1930, a group of doctors from the social hygienist movement associated the living conditions of workers with tuberculosis; for them, malaria and tuberculosis were associated with economic causes.
The first water plant with iron pipe was built in 1925 and by 1957, it had the Sewerage of the city of Medellin. The hygienist discourse of the doctors also warned of the dangerous relationships between alcoholism, and diseases such as syphilis and tuberculosis as well as crime. The control of working class leisure time was a serious problem for religious and employers ‘ institutions. 2. According to Marquez (2010), around 1916 in Colombia, doctors worked with morbidity tables to determine the most frequent diseases and are developing a “medical nosology” and a “medical statistics” that later gave rise to the nosology of diseases and epidemiology.
The Colombian sanitary model was characterized by its assistance to the poor and among its tasks it managed to classify the most disadvantaged population: workers in the countryside and the city, peasants, the indigent, orphans, crippled and widows. The new health model standardizes the professions of doctors and pharmacists; it also expresses its interest in hygiene and sanitation of human habitats, and occupational hygiene and medicine.
And occupational hygiene and medicine
For the mayor of Medellin, Sergio Fajardo (2005) the main problem of Public Health, SP is to recover the value of life; turning violence into coexistence. Social development cannot be done in the midst of death. Domestic violence and teenage pregnancy should be looked at with all rigour. 4. For the governor of Antioquia, Anibal Gaviria (2005), more than half of the population is poor; one million people live in poverty; 80% of the population outside the metropolitan area is poor; the department is reaching high levels of insurance. Ramón Eugenio Paniagua Suarez. Professor National Faculty of Public Health.
University of Antioquia. March 2013. 6 conclusion poverty and substance use of alcoholic beverages persist as a public health problem; violence persists and it can be said that marginal gains in quality of life and well-being have occurred with the technological development of Colombia and the progress of the urbanization process.