Perches, or fresh-water perches (an armor. Perca) — a sort of fishes of family окуневых. Includes three kinds: a river perch, a Balkhash perch and a yellow perch. In Russia as a perch usually understand a river perch.
Distinctive signs of a sort: all teeth щетинистые, sits on palatal bones and сошнике, language without the teeth, two back fins — the first with 13 or 14 beams; заднепроходный a fin with 2 thorns, prebranchiate and preorbital bones are jagged; scales small; a head from above smooth, branchiate beams 7, vertebras more than 24. Branchiate covers with 1 thorn, the scales sit strong, cheeks are covered by scales. Total three kinds which are found in fresh (and partly saltish) waters of northern moderate belt.
Ordinary perch from above dark green color, a side chartreuse, a belly yellowish, across a body last 5 — 9 dark strips instead of which sometimes there are dark wrong stains; the first back fin gray with the black stain, the second — chartreuse, chest red-yellow, belly and заднепроходный red, tail, especially below, reddish. Color considerably changes, depending on color of a ground; besides in color reproduction половозрелых copies differ большей brightness of colors (the marriage dress). The female on color doesn’t differ from the male. The body form too is subject to the considerable. To fluctuations, there are perches very high body (strongly humpbacked). The length ordinary doesn’t exceed 30 — 35 sm, but can be and twice more. Ordinary the weight doesn’t exceed 0,9 — 1,3 kg, but there are copies on 2,2 — 3 kg, even on 3,6 kg (in Onega), 4,5 kg (in Chudsky), 4,5 — 5,4 (in lakes of the Ekaterinburg area)
CATCHING OF THE PERCH.
Perch – fish gregarious. Only large perches keep aloof, without being afraid to be in holes in the neighbourhood with pikes. The biting of a perch begins in the early spring and comes to an end with the late fall. The best biting — soon after the spawning beginning in the end of April or in the beginning of May when water heats up to 10 °С. Conducting a day way of life, the perch bites since early morning and дотемна. At night, as a rule, it isn’t fed.
In catching of perches on a spinning are engaged only in the event that they are caught by weight 0,5 kg and more or in the absence of other predators.
Spinners for special catching of perches are used the small sizes. The technics of catching of a perch and a pike is identical, as ways of hunting of a pike and a perch behind extraction and places of their parking almost same, only at a grasp of a perch it is not necessary to do cutting in view of that thus it is possible to tear off his lip hook.
The perch is quick and strong. It pursues the extraction with the exclusive persistence adjoining on imprudence, surpassing in this respect a pike perch. It won’t stop hunting, yet won’t seize extraction. Except persistence, the perch differs the big greed and gluttony. Sometimes at a floating perch the swallowed fish who has not entered into the overflowed stomach sticks out of a mouth.
Resistance of the caught perch, despite it, rather small size, persistently and strongly. After cutting it sharply and shortly pulls and turns on a place; without having released, tries to get under snags, in a grass and etc. and at good luck often there gets confused. To avoid complication, it is necessary to try to deduce it on a pure place or at once to bring to coast.
The perch often enough gets on spinners at catching of pikes. In those reservoirs where it is a lot of a perch to catch it follows on easier spinning, for example одноручный, with easier лесой and a lead. At catching on depth over 10 m it is necessary to put two cargoes that the spinner went all time about a bottom.
Spinners are applied to catching of a perch of the small sizes — from 3 to 5 with a red strand of wood Obshcheupotrebitelny of a spinner see a tee and different narrow spoons.
Охотнее all the perch takes small small fishes of length of 5-6 sm, насаженных on снасточку with one hook or a small tee. It is applied снасточку with lead муфточкой, a small fish put in a mouth. It is necessary to achieve such equipment of a small fish that it fell on a bottom a head, and грузик on a cord was absent.
The best biting of a perch early in the morning at the cloudy sky and a small wind. The warm rain doesn’t harm to catching. In river ярах, under dams and in stone ridges the perch takes top dressing all the day long, but at a north leaves in depth or ceases to be interested in a bait.
In the end of autumn the perch gathers in the big flights of one age and leaves on wintering in deep places on usual становища. Within winter it seldom changes the holes, but by the spring, with approach of warm days, approaches to coast more close to a grass or to a mouth of the small river bearing in lake fresh water. Parking of perches can be found out under steep coast, especially in places where trees or bushes have sunk. The perch keeps also at border of grasses and a cane, likes to come in a mouth of small rivers where gathers fish молодь.
There are days when the perch doesn’t want to take a spinner, despite all shifts of the fisher. In such cases in a course start up a spinner with a nozzle. On a spinner hook насаживают the golden eye of a perch or some cranks, and a perch starts to take a spinner. If the biting of a perch has stopped, it is necessary to pass to other place.
Many fishers who are constantly engaged in ice fishing, apply прикормку to attraction of a perch to лунке. прикормкой it is considered the best a crank; oil cakes, bran, пареный oats are used also.
Прикормку lower on a bottom in special прикормочницах. At прикормки different small fishes scurry about, and behind them perches approach also.
In good weather the perch is caught all the day long. Sometimes it perfectly takes since morning and ceases to be caught towards evening, and on the contrary. It is Sometimes cool it suddenly stops, and after a while it again starts to suffice a bait.