What would happen if a strong gravitational wave passed through a human body or any other kind of material?
The shape of the human body would change?
Would the human body be distorted apart?
If so, would the person survive?
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It depends what you mean by "very strong".
The announced first detection (14th September 2015) was considered a very strong signal and that still only stretched the 4 km detector arms by less than the width of a proton (a tiny particle inside the nucleus of an atom). This wave would have no effect on a person.
You could hypothesis a stronger wave that would stretch and squish a person, I'm not sure what effect this would have but there are no objects in nature capable of producing waves this strong, even something as close as our sun becoming a supernova wouldn't be that strong, so it will never happen in real life.