Presentation on theme: "TIME : Refers To Specific, Completed Past Actions."— Presentation transcript:
1TIME : Refers To Specific, Completed Past Actions. THE PRETERITE TENSETIME : Refers To Specific, Completed Past Actions.
2KEY PHRASESThe preterite tense allows you to refer to specific past actions performed:At a fixed point in time.A specific number of times.During an enclosed amount of time.The key is the quantitative nature of the action. If the action is in the past you will use the preterite tense.
3FIXED POINT IN TIME I called you at 3:00. He bought the car on Tuesday afternoon.We saw the movie last night.
4SPECIFIC NUMBER OF ACTIONS I called you five times.They ate ten sandwiches.She read the book twice.
5ENCLOSED AMOUNT OF TIME I worked for eight hours.The movie lasted two and a half hours.He lived there for two years.In each of the preceding sentences, the action’s time is specific, measured in some way, either by the clock, the calendar, or number of times the action occurred.
6STRUCTURE I Simple tense: Verb base + ending Regular verbs in the preterite:Simple tense: Verb base + endingAr verbs: drop the ar and add the following endings:yo è nosotros amostú aste vosotros asteisèl/ella ó ellos aron
7EXAMPLES palomitas. Yo hablè I spoke. Tú miraste la película You watched the movies.Ella me llamó tres veces She called me three times.Hablamos con Juan We spoke with John.Vosotros comprasteis You bought popcorn.palomitas.
8STRUCTURE II Regular verbs in the preterite: Simple tense: Verb base + endingEr and Ir verbs: drop the er or ir and add the followings endings:yo í nosotros imostú iste vosotros isteisèl/ella ió ellos ieron
9EXAMPLES Escribí una carta I wrote a letter. Comimos pizza We ate pizza.Vendiste tú casa You sold your home.Ella bebió tres vasos de leche She drank three glasses of milk.Rompisteis las ventanas You broke the windows.Ellos abrieron las cajas They opened the boxes.
10ORTHOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN REGULAR VERBS There are three standard orthographic(spelling) changes in Spanish which affect verbs in the preterite, these changes occur only in the first person singular yo form. They are as follows:Verb ending in gar insert a u before the e: yo lleguè(I arrived)Verb ending in car the c changes to qu before the letter e: yo practiquè ( I practiced)Verb ending in zar the z changes to c before the letter e: yo empecè ( I began)The reason for the first two changes is phonetic.
11VERBS WITH THE PRETERITE YO FORM 1.Lleguè to arrive yo lleguèJugar to play yo juguèPagar to pay(for) yo paguèRegar to water(a plant) yo reguèSegar to mow( grass) yo seguèTragar to swallow yo traguèVagar to wander yo vaguè
12VERBS WITH THE PRETERITE YO FORM 2.Aparcar to park yo aparquèBuscar to look for, search yo busquèClarificar to clarify yo clarifiquèClasificar to classify yo clasifiquèDestacar to stand out yo destaquèEmpacar to pack yo empaquèJustificar to justify yo justifiquèPracticar to practice yo practiquèSacar to take out, take a yo saquèpictureTocar to touch, play(an yo toquèinstrument)
13VERBS WITH THE PRETERITE YO FORM 3.Autorizar to authorize yo autoricèComenzar to begin yo comencèEmpezar to begin yo empezèOrganizar to organize yo organicèRezar to pray yo recèSimbolizar to symbolize yo simbolicèTrazar to trace yo tracèTropezar (con) to bump (into) yo me tropecè
14IRREGULAR VERBS IN THE PRETERITE The following eleven verbs all take this set of endings: yo e tú iste el/ ella o nosotros/nosotras imos vosotros/vosotras isteis Ellos/ ellas ieron
15VERBS Andar to walk anduv Estar to be estuv Tener to have tuv Caber to fit cupHaber to have hubPoder to be able to pudPoner to put, place pusSaber to know supHacer to make, do hicQuerer to want quisVenir to come vin
16Note:Verbs 1-3 take the letters u v in the new stem; 4-8 take a u; and 9-11 take an i.The only exception is the third person singular of hacer , which is hizo.There are no accent marks on these irregular endings.