This document has been realized as part of the second phase of the City Assistance Project offered to the Municipality of Sao Paulo (Brazil) under the framework of the Climate and Clean Air...
- Financial: Comprehensive waste management can account for a significant share of municipal budgets, and many cities worldwide are challenged to fund adequate city-wide waste collection and disposal services. Further, despite its numerous benefits, many cities struggle to prioritise waste management and large investments for equipment, labour, and facilities, and are thereby unable to garner sufficient funds. Financial planning is an integral part of waste management.
- Social: Creation of new waste management regimens must account for informal waste management systems and implications for the poor and marginalised groups that often work in the informal sector. Public awareness is required to alter ingrained practices such as illegal dumping or waste burning.
- Organizational: Many cities in developing countries do not have waste management plans. Where management plans and programs do exist, implementing and enforcing the plans is challenging for city administrators.
- Technical: City staff are better able to devise plans of action and implement new waste management practices if they have appropriate technical expertise and knowledge of the waste management sector (e.g., managing complex collection routes, devising adequate fee structures, engineering sanitary landfill sites, operating landfill sites correctly).
- Political: Identifying a suitable location for waste transfer points or sanitary landfills is often controversial.