Socratic reading is an old technique that works very well and is a traditional approach to getting the most from reading. It is not quick and if you read at speed you are definitely not getting much from it!
Socratic reading means that you read slowly, questioning and interrogating the information you are reading to get maximum understanding from it. Part of Socratic reading is writing small questions in the text as you think of them while reading. For example, you could write down a question that you would ask if you were the examiner. Sometimes these questions are accompanied by your thoughts and answers to the question.
Socratic reading is a reflective process where you carefully analyse the information to see if you understand it, to see if you agree with it, or to see if it fits with other knowledge that you have. You might note down on the text how it has made you feel.