Biomass is defined as the biodegradable fraction of biologically derived products, wastes and residues from agricultural activities (including substances of plant and animal origin), forestry and related industries as fisheries, aquaculture and the biodegradable fraction of industrial and municipal waste. Biomass can be classified according to their origin in: agricultural, forestry, livestock, industrial and domestic. In addition, biomass is the central element of the new bioeconomy, it acquires a strategic role in the context of the fight against climate change, also for reducing the dependence on fossil fuel imports. Therefore, the biomass sector has a priority role in the design and application of public policies related to the bioeconomy in Europe and particularly in Spain.
However, in the last issue of the magazine “Future Energy” an article was published entitled “Biomass: much more than energy”, where it’s mentioned how despite the enormous potential of existing biomass resources in Spain and its ability to contribute substantially to the objectives of environmental and socio-economic policies, the development of this sector is being less outstanding than other renewable technologies.
Currently, in Europe and also in Spain, biomass is understood as the basis of a new production model: The Circular Bioeconomy. In this production model, biomass will be the mechanism that allows the development of a type of industrial facility that may be new or an evolution of existing ones, in which will produce bioenergy (electric, thermal, biofuels, biofuels). These industrial facilities are called biorefineries and in them, through different processes of transformation of the raw material (biomass), bioenergy and a wide spectrum of bioproducts can be generated in a sustainable way and inducing a very positive socioeconomic impact.
These experiences in the bioenergy field are interesting and could contribute to countries like Mexico, which, given the great energy, environmental, demographic and public health challenges it currently faces, has the raw material and human resource capacity needed for the development of biorefineries, generating opportunities to advancing in the bioeconomy and achieve a strong base in the production of renewable energy.
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