Some of us have a hard headache and it will cause pain. It happen frequently especially when you are in stress. Beware of it, maybe it is a migraine.
What is Migraine ?
It is a neurological syndrome that causes headaches and nausea. Patient will suffer in migraine and display a perceptions change in body. Most of migraine will lasts about 4 – 72 hours and effect their sensory, visual or olfactory. The triggers for migraines include stress, allergic reaction, inadequate food vitamin, alcohol addiction and smoking.
Types of Migraine
There are several types of migraine, including:
- migraine with aura – where there are specific warning signs just before the migraine begins, such as seeing flashing lights
- migraine without aura – the most common type, where the migraine occurs without the specific warning signs
- migraine aura without headache, also known as silent migraine – where an aura or other migraine symptoms are experienced, but a headache doesn’t develop
Some people have migraines frequently, up to several times a week. Other people only have a migraine occasionally. It’s possible for years to pass between migraine attacks. (NHS )
Migraine attack is different from other. It has 4 phase to infect patient. The phase are :-
Phase of migraine
1. The prodrome, is a phase that consist of irritability, depression or euphoria, fatigue, yawning, altered mood, and craving for certain food.
2. The aura phase accompany migraine attack happen because focal neurological phenomena . It effect from 5 to 20 minutes. Some of it last almost 60 minutes.
3. The pain phase may be occur on the onset or start on one side. It will become generalized, and alternates sides to attack other side
4. The postdrome make patient feel tired or hunger. It also cause cognitive difficulties, head pain, mood changes, and weakness.
There are many symptoms of migraine such as :-
1. Long period Throbbed sensations . The person will sensitive to movement, sound and light.
2. Become immobile. They can’t move because it cause pain.
3. Exhaust, Diarrhoea and nausea
4. An aura form. Some of them lose coherent speech temporary.
Complications of migraines
There are some complication of migraines that must be known such as :-
1. Headaches are the common complications resulting out of a migraine attack.
2. Nausea also one of common complications.
3. Eye pain, vascular headache and visual impairment.
The treatment for migraines depends upon on how frequently the headaches occur and how long the headaches last.
The treatment of an acute migraine headache may vary from over-the-counter medicines (OTC), like acetaminophen (Tylenol and others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, etc.), naproxen sodium (Aleve) to prescription medications.
- Triptans (sumatriptan, rizatriptan, eletriptan, zolmitriptan, naratriptan, almotriptan, and frovatriptan), may be extremely effective in treating migraines and may be prescribed to help the patient treat their migraine at home. A combination of naproxen and sumatriptan is now available. Additionally, sumatriptan is now available as a patch which delivers the medication though the skin.
- Not every patient can take these medications, and there are specific limitations regarding how often these medications can be used.
- Other medication regimens may also be used to control migraine headache.
- Some medications are appropriate for home use and others require a visit to the health-care professional’s office or emergency department.
Other migraine treatments
- Dihydroergotamine (DHE 45) can be administered intravenously or by nasal spray; this medication cannot be used if a triptan has been used within the preceding 24 hours.
- Diclofenac potassium for oral solution (Cambia) is a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication approved for treatment of migraine.
- Antiemetic medications, including intravenous (IV) metoclopramide, and IV or intramuscular (IM) chlorpromazine and prochlorperazine can be used both to relieve nausea and vomiting and migraine pain.
Narcotic pain medications are not necessarily appropriate for the treatment of migraine headaches and are associated with the phenomenon of rebound headache, where the headache returns — sometimes more intensely — when the narcotics wear off. In all cases of migraine, the use of acute pain therapies must be watched closely so that a patient does not develop medication overuse headache.
Overuse of many of the medications used to treat migraine headache can lead to increased headache frequency, or even daily headaches. This type of headache phenomenon is known as medication overuse headache.