Cell Differentiation; Leukemoid Reaction; Preleukemia; Hematologic Neoplasms
Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (AMKL) is a rare form of pediatric leukemia that affects
megakaryocytes, which are platelet-making blood cells. The disease most commonly strikes very
young children and is associated with an extremely poor outcome with an average survival time of only eight months from diagnosis despite aggressive medical therapy. Approximately
30% of pediatric patients diagnosed with AMKL are infants who have a specific
genetic abnormality that involves two genes, RBM15 and MKL1. These genes may play important roles in
normal blood cell development.
However, when they are incorrectly linked together, they may contribute
to leukemia. The focus of my research is to identify the mechanisms underlying the development of AMKL.
Extensive Research Description
Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (AMKL) is a rare form of pediatric leukemia that disproportionately affects children. AMKL associated with the chromosomal translocation
fusing RNA Binding Motif 15 gene (RBM15) on chromosome 1 upstream of the
transcriptional cofactor Megakaryoblastic Leukemia 1 gene (MKL1) on chromosome
22 (t1;22), is most commonly diagnosed in infants less than three months of age and requires aggressive medical
management. Thus, it is likely that the leukemia originates in utero when the hematopoietic system is in its embryonic or fetal
stages. We have successfully
recapitulated megkaryopoiesis in vitro using
human embryonic stem cells and established a model system in which to study
megakaryocyte differentiation. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) offer a mechanism to study embryogenesis and to understand the processes of fetal blood maturation and leukemia development. We seek to further define the roles of MKL1 and RBM15 during hESC-derived megakaryopoiesis. Furthermore, we
hypothesize that the fusion product (RBM15-MKL1) promotes the leukemic
phenotype by causing aberrant Notch signaling and subsequent derangement of the
RB tumor suppressor pathway. We are currently studying the interactions of RBM15,MKL1 and RBM15-MKL1, with regulators of cell growth and differentiation during megakaryocyte development using both primary AMKL patient samples and this in vitro model of developmental hematopoieisis.