The ability to store electrical energy offers a valuable solution to energy efficient electricity systems. Batteries allow electrical systems to function without the need for a continuous connection to the grid.
The zinc–bromine flow battery is a type of hybrid flow battery fuelled by the reaction between zinc and bromide. The range of applications where zinc bromide energy storage solutions can achieve energy efficiency and environmental benefits is vast. The battery can be used in stationary storage applications such as in energy storage systems as part of a smart grid for smart cities and mobile applications, such as electric vehicles.
A zinc-bromine battery is formed of two tanks, of which both store a solution of zinc bromine. When the battery is charged, the solutions (electrolytes) are pumped through a reactor stack and back into the tank so that one contains the electrolyte for the positive electrode reactions and the other for the negative. The zinc-bromine battery acts as an electroplating machine1, as the metallic zinc is plated from the solution onto the negative electrode surfaces in the cell stacks. On discharge the reverse process occurs.
One of the distinct advantages of flow batteries is that they can be recharged rapidly by replacing the electrolyte which is stored outside the cell. These rechargeable batteries can be left fully discharged indefinitely, without damage. The zinc–bromine flow battery technology is highly carbon efficient during its entire life cycle. Overall, zinc-bromine batteries offer the cheapest method of energy storage and electricity production. Find out more!