I don't understand how the following sentence meaning works in English.
Der Bus fährt an der Universität vorbei
Here vorbei means over, but how does it fit in the sentence?
Could someone please explain.
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The verb in this sentence is vorbeifahren. It is a separable verb, that splits up into its components »vorbei« and »fahren« in many tenses, and present tense is one of them.
Der Bus fährt an der Universität vorbei.
Der Bus wird an der Universität vorbeifahren.
»Vorbeifahren« is »to pass« or »to drive past« in English. (You can look it up in dict.leo.org for example, or in any other dictionary.)
Over is only a valid translation of vorbei in temporal contexts.
Bin ich zu spät?
Die Vorstellung ist seit fünf Minuten vorbei.
Am I to late?
The show has been over for five minutes.
(Note: not the most idiomatic translation into English but chosen for a maximally literal one.)
However, your example sentence uses vorbei in a locational context. In that case, it must be translated as past.
Ein Ire geht an der Bar vorbei.
An Irishman walks past a pub.