An increase in global temperatures, rainfall and greenhouse gases promotes the increased growth of various plants (such as trees, weeds and grasses), as well as molds. Increasing pollen and mold spore counts, brought on by longer and more pronounced pollen and mold seasons, will likely lead to increased sensitization to those with atopy, and increased allergy symptoms in those who already suffer from allergic diseases.
Global Warming and Allergic RhinitisEvidence of climate change over the past 40 years has coincided with a dramatic increase in allergic rhinitis incidence in the United States population: a rise from 10 to 30 percent. Similar increases have been seen in other westernized countries such as Canada, and based on predictions on the continued rise in global temperatures, the rate of allergic rhinitis is expected to increase by 40% in Japan by 2050.
Climate change has led to an increase in temperatures and rainfall, which in turn results in pollen seasons that occur earlier, have higher peak pollen and mold spore counts, and last longer than expected. This increase in pollen and mold spore counts leads to worsened allergic rhinitis symptoms in affected people, and could result in the development of asthma in susceptible people.
Global Warming and Atopic DermatitisWhile sun exposure and warm weather are generally helpful for the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, climate change could result in the worsening of those symptoms. High temperatures, associated with high humidity, often result in an increase in sweating—well known to worsen the symptoms of atopic dermatitis. In addition, an increase in pollen and mold spore counts, for the reasons outlined above, could result in worsened symptoms of itching, causing more symptoms of eczema in people with atopic dermatitis.
Global Warming and AsthmaThere could be many affects on asthma as a result of climate change. Generally, warmer weather is associated with fewer asthma exacerbations, as viral respiratory tract infections are less likely to occur during this time. But the increase in pollen and mold counts, as well as higher pollutant levels associated with global warming, are all likely to cause worsening of asthma symptoms in affected people. The worsened allergic rhinitis symptoms that occur with climate change may also make an impact on asthma symptoms.
Many studies have shown that, with increases in average daily temperatures, there have been increases in the rate of asthma and asthma symptoms. Emergency room visits for asthma have also been shown to increase on days when pollen and mold counts are higher. Asthma exacerbations also occur on days after thunderstorms, which are known to cause pollen grains to release allergenic particles as a result of increased moisture and static charge in the air.
Read about how pollen counts can help you plan your outdoor activities.
Hidalgo-Dapul G, Bielory L. Climate Change and Allergic Diseases. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012;109:166-72.
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