3. The Judgement
1. The judgement and its elements
We call judgement to the mental act in which we affirm o deny a concept from another. For example: The sun is bigger than the Earth and the Moon doesn't have own light.
In the judgement we affirm or deny something. If there is not affirmation or negation, there is not judgement. Examples: I wish to go for a stroll, it is not a trial. This cyclist runs a lot, it is a trial.
The elements of the judgement are three: subject, copula and predicate.
The subject is the person from whom we affirm or deny something. Example: In the judgement "the Sun is bigger than the Earth", the subject is "The Sun".
The copula is the element that connect the subject and the predicate. It is usually a form of the verb: "is".
The predicate is what we affirm or deny. In the last example: "bigger than the Earth".
In the judgement can be missed the copula and the subject too, but never the predicate.
The judgement can be of two kinds: true and false.
The judgement is true when it is said what the reality is actually. Or when it is said what the reality is not actually. Example: "The Earth is not as bigger as the Sun", it is a judgement trial.
The judgement is false when it is said what the reality is not; or when it is said the contrary to what the reality is.
When the judgement doesn't have subject or copula is irregular.