Spanish chamomile (Anacyclus pyrethrum) and pyrethrum (Tanacetum cineraiifolium): organic and natural pesticides and treasure of medicinal herbs
Keywords:Anacyclus pyrethrum; medical herb; natural pesticide; pyrethrum; Tanacetum cineraiifolium
Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cineraiifolium) which is a natural insecticide has many properties, but the most important are raid action, very low toxicity for mammalian, lack of insect immunity, broad of activity, lack of persistence and degraded quickly by UV in sunlight and very effective insect repellent. Organic farmers can use pyrethrins as an insecticide for fruit and vegetable crops. Easily degraded by oxygen, light and temperature, pyrethrum compounds are environmentally friendly and compatible with organic farming. A. pyrethrum roots contain anacyclin, pellitorine, hydrocarolin, inulin, traces of volatile oil and seasamin. The roots of A. pyrethrum are used in traditional medicine of different countries to treat epilepsy, rheumatism, cephalalgia, paralysis and hemiplegia. N-alkylamids and ester pyrethrine are the main constituents of roots which have tremendous medicinal values. The plant is also a natural pesticide with considerable antimicrobial properties. It has also possessed antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsive, antimicrobial, local anaesthetic, oxidative DNA damage preventive, immunostimulatory, saliva-stimulating, male libido enhancing, anti-mutagenesis and insecticidal activities.
Abdollahi Fard M, Shojaii A (2013). Efficacy of Iranian traditional medicine in the treatment of epilepsy. BioMed Research International 692751:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/692751
Ahmed KA, Venkataraman BV (1999). Assessment of a polyherbal ayuvedic medicine for sexual activity in rats. Indian Drugs 36:576-582.
Atkinson BL, Blackman AJ, Faber H (2004). The degradation of the natural pyrethrins in crop storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52(2):280-287. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0304425
Bendjeddou D, Lalaoui K, Satta D (2003). Immuno-stimulating activity of the hot water-soluble polysaccharide extracts of Anacyclus pyrethrum, Alpiniagalanga and Citrullus colocynthis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88(2-3):155-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00226-5
Bhat BK, Menary RC (1984). Pyrethrum production in Australia: Its past and present potential. Journal of the Australian Institute of Agricultural Sciences 52:189-192. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1984.0011183x002400030047x
Bhuiyan MAHB, Groom T, Nicolas ME, Taylor PWJ (2015). Histopathology of S. tanaceti infection in pyrethrum leaf lamina. Australian Plant Pathology 44:629-636. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-015-0377-0
Bhuiyan MAHB, Groom T, Nicolas ME, Taylor PWJ (2018). TaqMan PCR assay for detection and quantification of Stagonosporopsis tanaceti in pyrethrum seed and seedlings. European Journal of Plant Pathology 150:1041-1048. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-017-1343-1
Boonen J, Sharma V, Dixit V, Spiegeleer BD (2011). New N-alkylamides from Anacyclus pyrethrum. Planta Medica 77-94. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1282578
Canli K, Yetgin A, Akata I, Altuner EM (2017). Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition screening of anacyclus pyrethrum root. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 51(3):s244-s248. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.51.3s.22
Casida JE (1990). Pesticides and alternatives: innovative chemical and biological approaches to pest control. Elsevier Science Publishers, New York. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(91)90086-2
Chesang PK, Simiyu GM, Were P (2017). Assessment of efficacy of unstabilized pyrethrins and diatomaceous earth admisture on sitophilus zeamais in maize grains. International Journal of Entomology Research 2(1):51-54. https://doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.105894
Duchon S, Bonnet J, Marcombe S, Zaim M, Corbel V (2009). Pyrethrum: A mixture of natural pyrethrins has potential for malaria vector control. Journal of Medical Entomology 46(3):516-522. https://doi.org/10.1603/033.046.0316
Elliott M (1995). Chemicals in insect control. In: Casida JE and Quistad GB (Eds). Pyrethrum Flowers: Chemistry, Toxicology and Uses. Oxford University Press, New York pp 3-31. https://doi.org/10.2307/2807884
Fulton D (1998). Agronomic and seed quality studies in pyrethrum, (Tanacetum cinerariaefolium). Sch. Bio. PhD thesis, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart.
Haghmorad D, Mahmoudi MB, Haghighi P, Alidadiani P, Shahvazian E, Tavasolian P, … Mahmoudi M (2019). Improvement of fertility parameters with Tribulus Terrestris and Anacyclus pyrethrum treatment in male rats. International Brazilian Journal of Urology 45(5):1043-1054. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2018.0843
Hanane E, Aminata S, Fatima E, Amar B, Mohamed AE, Touriya Z (2014). Phytochemical study of Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) of Middle Atlas (Morocco), and in vitro study of antibacterial activity of pyrethrum. Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences 8:131-140.
Hay FS, Stirling GR, Pethybridge SJ, Chung B (2008). A survey of nematodes associated with pyrethrum in Tasmania, Australia, and the susceptibility of pyrethrum cultivars to root-lesion nematode. Australian Plant Pathology 38:1-5. https://doi.org/10.1071/ap08068
Grdisa M, Carovic-Stanko K, Kolak I, Satovic Z (2009). Morphological and biochemical diversity of Dalmatian pyrethrum (Tanacetum cineraiifolium (Trevir.) Sch. Bip.). Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 74:73-80.
Greening HG (1983). An investigation of protectant treatments for farm-stored grain in New South Wales. Pyrethrum Post 15(3):78-84.
Jalayer Naderi N, Niakan M, Khodadadi E (2012). Determination of antibacterial activity of Anacyclus pyrethrum extract against some of the oral bacteria: an in vitro study. Journal of Dental, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 13(2):59-63.
Jansen J-P, Defrance T, Warnier AM (2010). Effects of organic-farming-compatible insecticides on four aphid natural enemy species. Pest Management Science 66:650-656. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.1924
Ji R, Quan Q, Guo X, Zhang J, Song Y, Zhu M, … Liu Y (2019). Simultaneous determination of five N-alkylamides in the root of Anacyclus pyrethrum by HPLC and profiling of components in its methanolic root extract by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 29(2):152-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.12.011
Keskitalo M, Angers P, Earle E, Pehu E (1999). Chemical and genetic characterization of calli derived from somatic hybridication between tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) and pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Schultz-Bip.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98:1335-1343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051200
Khaleghi Ghadiri M, Gorji A (2004). Natural remedies for impotence in medieval Persia. International Journal of Impotence Research 16:80-83. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijir.3901153
Kimani SM, Sum KS (1999). Bio efficacy of essential oils extracted from pyrethrum vegetables waxy resins and green oils against stored product insect pests, Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae. Pyrethrum Post 20(3):91-99.
Kiriamiti HK, Camy S, Gourdon C, Condoret JS (2003). Pyrethrin extraction from pyrethrum flowers using carbon dioxide. Journal of Supercritical Fluids 26:193-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0896-8446(02)00165-1
Manouze H, Bouchata O, Chemseddoha Gadhi A, Bennis M, Sokar Z, Ba-M,hamed S (2017). Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant activities of methanol and aqueous extracts of Anacyclus pyrethrum roots. Frontiers in Pharmacology 8:598. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00598
Manouze H, Bouchatta O, Bennis M, Sokar Z, Ba-M’hamed S (2019). Anticonvulsive and neuroprotective effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Anacyclus pyrethrum root in kainic acid-induced-status epilepticus in mice. Epilepsy Research 158:106225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.106225
Mohammadi A, Mansoori B, Baradaran PC, Baradaran SC, Baradaran B (2017). Anacyclus pyrethrum extract exerts anticancer activities on the human colorectal cancer cell line (HCT) by targeting apoptosis, metastasis and cell cycle arrest. Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer 48(4):333-340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-016-9884-7
Moslemi A, Ades PK, Crous PW, Groom T, Scott JB, Nicolas ME, Taylor PWJ (2018). Paraphoma chlamydocopiosa sp. nov. and Paraphoma pye sp. nov., two new species associated with leaf and crown infection of pyrethrum. Plant Pathology 67:124-135. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12719
Pahuja M, Mehla J, Reeta KH, Joshi S, Gupta YK (2012). Root extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum ameliorates seizures, seizure-induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in experimental animals. Epilepsy Research 98(2-3):157-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.09.006
Parleviet JE, Brewer JG (1971). Suggestion and recommendation for the agronomic sector of the pyrethrum industry. Ministry of Agriculture, Kenya, Molo.
Pavela R (2016). History, presence and perspective of using plant extracts as commercial botanical insecticides and farm products for protection against insects- a Review. Plant Protect Science 52(4):229-241. https://doi.org/10.17221/31/2016-pps
Pethybridge SJ, Wilson CR (1998). Confirmation of ray blight disease in pyrethrum in Australia. Australian Plant Pathology 27:45-48. https://doi.org/10.1071/ap98004
Pethybridge SJ, Hay FS, Wilson CR (2004). Pathogenicity of fungi commonly isolated from foliar disease in Tasmanian pyrethrum crops. Australian Plant Pathology 33:441-444. https://doi.org/10.1071/ap04027
Pethybridge SJ, Hay FS, Esker PD, Gent DH, Wilson CR, Groom T, Nutter FW Jr (2008). Diseases of pyrethrum in Tasmania: challenges and prospects for management. Plant Disease 92(9):1260-1272. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-9-1260
Rachida A, Maryam M, Hanane K, Hind F, Loubna F, Fatiha C, … Abderrahman C (2014). Scopolamine-induced impairment in conditioning and exploratory behaviours is enhanced by Anacyclus Pyrethrum in rats. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology 3(4):1757-1761.
Rehman H, Aziz AT, Saggu S, Abbas ZK, Mohan A, Ansari AA (2014). Systematic review on pyrethroid toxicity with special reference to deltamethrin. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2(6):60-70.
Rimbau V, Risco E, Canigueral S, Iglesias J (1996). Antiinflammatory activity of some extracts from plants used in the traditional medicine of North-African countries. Phytotherapy Research 10(5):421-423. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1573(199608)10:5
Roncevic S, Svedruzic LP, Nemet I (2014). Elemental composition and chemometric characterization of pyrethrum plant materials and insecticidal flower extracts. Analytical Letters 47:627-640. https://doi.org/10.1080/00032719.2013.845898
Sastry KP, Dinesh K, Radhakrishnan K, Saleem SM, Sushil K (2001). Flowering characteristics of pyrethrum Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium clones selected for high capitulum yield. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences 22/23:344-347.
Selles C, Dib MEA, Djabou N, Beddou F, Muselli A, Tabti B, … Hammouti B (2013). Antimicrobial activity and evolution of the composition of essential oil from Algerian Anacyclus pyrethrum L. through the vegetative cycle. Natural Product Research 27(23):2231-2234. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2013.811409
Shahrajabian MH, SunW, Zandi P, Cheng Q(2019a). A review of chrysanthemum, the eastern queen in traditional Chinese medicine with healing power in modern pharmaceutical sciences. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 17(6):13355-13369. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1706_1335513369
ShahrajabianMH, Sun W, Cheng Q (2019b). A review of astragalus species as foodstuffs, dietary supplements, a traditional Chinese medicine and a part of modern pharmaceutical science. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 17(6):13371-13382. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1706_1337113382
ShahrajabianMH, Sun W, Cheng Q (2019c). Clinical aspects and health benefits of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in both traditional Chinese medicine and modern industry. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B-Soil & Plant Science. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2019.1606930
Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q (2020a). Traditional herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of cold and flu in the Autumn of 2020, overlapped with COVID-19. Natural Product Communications 15(8):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1177/19345778x20951431
Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q (2020b). Product of natural evolution (SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2); deadly disease, from SARS to SARS-CoV-2. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1797369
Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Shen H, Cheng Q (2020c). Chinese herbal medicine for SARS and SARS-CoV-2 treatment and prevention, encouraging using herbal medicine for COVID-19 outbreak. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B- Soil and Plant Science. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2020.1763448
Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q (2021). Improving health benefits with considering traditional and modern health benefits of Peganum harmala. Clinical Phytoscience 7(1):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40816-021-00255-7
Sharafzadeh S (2011). Pyrethrum, coltsfoot and dandelion: important medicinal plants from Asteraceae family. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 5(12):1787-1791.
Sharma V, Thakur M, Chauhan NS, Dixit VK (2010a). Immunomodulatory activity of petroleum ether extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum. Pharmaceutical Biology 48(11):1247-1254. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880201003730642
Sharma V, Thakur M, Chauhan NS, Dixit VK (2010b). Effects of petroleum ether extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum DC. On sexual behaviour in male rats. Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine 8(8):767-773.
Sing DK, Babbar SB, Mir BA (2020). Antioxidant activity of explants specific calli of Anacyclus pyrethrum. Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature 10(3):183-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/22311866.2020.1789504
Subasri G, Ahmed John S (2016). Screening of phytochemical compounds, trace metals and antimicrobial activity of Anacyclus pyrethrum. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 2(1):32-37. https://doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v2i1.2891
Sun W, Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q (2019a). Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), a dominant spice and traditional medicinal herb for both food and medicinal purposes. Cogent Biology 5(1673688):1-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/23312025.2019.1673688
Sun W, Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q (2019b). The insight and survey on medicinal properties and nutritive components of shallot. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research 13(18):452-457. https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2019.6836
Sun W, Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q (2021a). Health benefits of wolfberry (Gou Qi Zi) on the basis of ancient herbalism and Western modern medicine. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine 11(2):109-119. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40816-021-00255-7
Sun W, Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q (2021b). Barberry (Berberis vulgaris), a medicinal fruit and food with traditional and modern pharmaceutical uses. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 68(1-2):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10019
Sun W, Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q (2021c). Fenugreek cultivation with emphasis on historical aspects and its uses in traditional medicine and modern pharmaceutical science. Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 21(6):724-730. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557520666201127104907
Sujith K, Darwin CR, Sathish, Suba V (2012). Memory-enhancing activity of Anacyclus pyrethrum in albino Wistar rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 2(4):307-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60067-x
Toth S, Stricik M, Tyr S, VeresT (2012). The possibilities of Slovakian pyrethrum production. Journal Pesticides and Phytomedicine 27(3):245-252. https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1203245t
Tyagi S, Mohd, Mansoori H, Singh NK, Shivhare MK, Bhardwaj P, Singh RK (2011). Antidiabetic effect of Anacyclus pyrethrum DC in alloxan induced diabetic rats. European Journal of Biological Science 3(4):117-120.
Usmani A, Khushtar M, Arif M, Siddiqui MA, Sing SP, Mujahid M (2016). Pharmacognostic and phytopharmacology study of Anacyclus pyrethrum: An insight. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 6:144-150. https://doi.org/10.7324/japs.2016.60325
Vaghefi N, Hay FS, Pethybridge SJ, Ford R, Taylor PWJ (2016). Development of a multiplex PCR diagnostic assay for the detection of Stagonosporpsis species associated with ray blight of Asteraceae. European Journal of Plant Pathology 146:581-595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0944-4
Veryser L, Taevernier L, Roche N, Peremans K, Butvenich C, De Spiegeleer B (2014). Quantitative transdermal behaviour of pellitorine from Anacyclus pyrethrumextract. Phytomedicine 21(14):1801-1807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2014.08.015
Wandahwa P, van Ranst E (1996). Qualitative land suitability assessment for pyrethrum cultivation in west Kenya based upon computer-captured expert knowledge and GIS. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment 56:187-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(95)00641-9
Zaidi SMA, Pathan SA, Jain GK, Ahmad FJ, Jamil S, Singh S, Khar RK (2009). Anticonvulsant and neuropharmacological studies of Anacycluspyrethrum root extract. Neuroscience Research 65(1):S250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.1423
How to Cite
Papers published in Notulae Scientia Biologicae are Open-Access, distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
© Articles by the authors; licensee SMTCT, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright/to retain publishing rights without restriction.
Open Access Journal - the journal offers free, immediate, and unrestricted access to peer-reviewed research and scholarly work, due SMTCT supports to increase the visibility, accessibility and reputation of the researchers, regardless of geography and their budgets. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.