Occidental's operations are governed by strict federal, state, and international laws that aim to improve the environmental quality, including those imposed by Cercla and other federal, state, local, and international laws. These laws may be enforced retrospectively, regardless of fault, and may include monitoring remedial activities and government or private proceedings related to alleged past practices. Environmental proceedings may involve sampling, risk assessment, cleanup measures, and legal proceedings seeking compensation for alleged property damage, civil penalties, injunctive relief, and government oversight costs.