  We describe DeepMachining, a deep learning-based AI system for online
prediction of machining errors of lathe machine operations. We have built and
evaluated DeepMachining based on manufacturing data from factories.
Specifically, we first pretrain a deep learning model for a given lathe
machine's operations to learn the salient features of machining states. Then,
we fine-tune the pretrained model to adapt to specific machining tasks. We
demonstrate that DeepMachining achieves high prediction accuracy for multiple
tasks that involve different workpieces and cutting tools. To the best of our
knowledge, this work is one of the first factory experiments using pre-trained
deep-learning models to predict machining errors of lathe machines.
