  We study the nuclear enhancement of the transverse momentum imbalance for
back-to-back particle production in both p+A and e+A collisions. Specifically,
we present results for photon+jet and photon+hadron production in p+A
collisions, di-jet and di-hadron production in e+A collisions, and heavy-quark
and heavy-meson pair production in both p+A and e+A collisions. We evaluate the
effect of both initial-state and final-state multiple scattering, which
determine the strength of the nuclear-induced transverse momentum imbalance in
these processes. We give theoretical predictions for the experimentally
relevant kinematic regions in d+Au collisions at RHIC, p+Pb collisions at LHC
and e+A collisions at the future EIC and LHeC.
