  Oxidative stress, a reaction caused by the imbalance between the reactive
oxygen species of human organism and its ability to detoxify reactive
intermediates and to repair the resulting damage plays an important role in
HIV-infections. On one hand, HIV infection is responsible for the chronic
oxidative stress of the patients. On the other hand, the oxidative stress
contributions to the HIV disease pathogenesis. In this paper, we integrate
oxidative stress into an HIV infection model to investigate its effects on the
virus dynamics. Through mathematical analysis, we obtain the basic reproduction
number R0 of the model which describes the persistence of viruses. In
particular, we show that for R0 > 1, the model has a bistable interval with
virus rebound threshold and elite control threshold. Numerical simulations and
bifurcation analysis are presented to illustrate the viral dynamics under
oxidative stress. Our investigation reveals the interplay between viruses and
the reaction of human organism including immune response and oxidative stress,
and their effects on the health of human being.
