  We explore a Leviathan analogy between neurons in a brain and human beings in
society, asking ourselves whether individual intelligence is necessary for
collective intelligence to emerge and, most importantly, what sort of
individual intelligence is conducive of greater collective intelligence. We
first review disparate insights from connectionist cognitive science,
agent-based modeling, group psychology, economics and physics. Subsequently, we
apply these insights to the sort and degrees of intelligence that in the
Lotka-Volterra model lead to either co-existence or global extinction of
predators and preys.
  We find several individual behaviors -- particularly of predators -- that are
conducive to co-existence, eventually with oscillations around an equilibrium.
However, we also find that if both preys and predators are sufficiently
intelligent to extrapolate one other's behavior, co-existence comes along with
indefinite growth of both populations. Since the Lotka-Volterra model is also
interpreted to represent the business cycle, we understand this finding as a
condition for economic growth around oscillations. Specifically, we hypothesize
that pre-modern societies may not have exhibited limitless growth also because
capitalistic future-oriented thinking based on saving and investing concerned
at most a fraction of the population.
