  The redshift where the first stars formed is an important and unknown
milestone in cosmological structure formation. The evidence linking gamma ray
bursts (GRBs) with star formation activity implies that the first GRBs occurred
shortly after the first stars formed. Gamma ray bursts and their afterglows may
thus offer a unique probe of this epoch, because they are bright from gamma ray
to radio wavelengths and should be observable to very high redshift. Indeed,
our ongoing near-IR followup programs already have the potential to detect
bursts at redshift z ~ 10. In these proceedings, we discuss two distinct ways
of using GRBs to probe the earliest star formation. First, direct GRB counts
may be used as a proxy for star formation rate measurements. Second, high
energy cutoffs in the GeV spectra of gamma ray bursts due to pair production
with high redshift optical and ultraviolet background photons contain
information on early star formation history. The second method is
observationally more demanding, but also more rewarding, because each observed
pair creation cutoff in a high redshift GRB spectrum will tell us about the
integrated star formation history prior to the GRB redshift.
