  How adaptive evolution to one environmental stress improves or suppresses
adaptation to another is an important problem in evolutionary biology. For
instance, in microbiology, the evolution of bacteria to be resistant to
different antibiotics is a critical issue that has been investigated as
cross-resistance. In fact, recent experiments on bacteria have suggested that
the cross-resistance of their evolution to various stressful environments can
be predicted by the changes to their transcriptome upon application of stress.
However, there are no studies so far that explain a possible theoretical
relationship between cross-resistance and changes in the transcriptome, which
causes high-dimensional changes to cell phenotype. Here, we show that a
correlation exists between fitness change in stress tolerance evolution and
response to the environment, using a cellular model with a high-dimensional
phenotype and establishing the relationship theoretically. The present results
allow for the prediction of evolution from transcriptome information in
response to different stresses before evolution. The relevance of this to
microbiological evolution experiments is discussed.
