  The last two decades have witnessed an exponential growth and tremendous
developments in wireless technologies and systems, and their associated
applications. In the recent years following 2006, there has been a great surge
in interest in the newly emerging plasmonics nanotechnology because this new
device technology provides tremendous synergy between electronic and photonic
devices. Electronics devices are down-scalable up to the nanoscale size but
have limited processor speed due to thermal and signal delay issues associated
with electronic devices. On the other hand, photonic devices have extremely
high speed and high data carrying capacity but are limited in size to the
diffraction law such that the size of a photonic device should be equal to
about half of its operational wavelength. The size mismatch between electronic
devices and photonic devices inhibits the advantageous interfacing between
these two device technologies and here plasmonics nanotechnology plays the
important role of interfacing these two technologies. Plasmonics technology
provides high speed interconnections with high data carrying capacity between
nano-scale electronic devices opening a new field of research which is on-chip
high speed nano-networks [28]. It is this great advantage of plasmonics
technology that made it a very interesting technology for implementation for
the design of a miniature real-time biosensor. In our plasmonic biosensor
design, we utilized a subset of plasmonics technology which is surface plasmon
wave generation in order to continuously monitor the concentration of a desired
analyte.
