  This paper presents the first public data release of the S-PLUS Ultra-Short
Survey (USS), a photometric survey with short exposure times, covering
approximately 9300 deg$^{2}$ of the Southern sky. The USS utilizes the
Javalambre 12-band magnitude system, including narrow and medium-band and
broad-band filters targeting prominent stellar spectral features. The primary
objective of the USS is to identify bright, extremely metal-poor (EMP; [Fe/H]
$\leq -3$) and ultra metal-poor (UMP; [Fe/H] $\leq -4$) stars for further
analysis using medium- and high-resolution spectroscopy.}{This paper provides
an overview of the survey observations, calibration method, data quality, and
data products. Additionally, it presents the selection of EMP and UMP
candidates.}{The data from the USS were reduced and calibrated using the same
methods as presented in the S-PLUS DR2. An additional step was introduced,
accounting for the offset between the observed magnitudes off the USS and the
predicted magnitudes from the very low-resolution Gaia XP spectra.}{This first
release contains data for 163 observed fields totaling $\sim$324 deg$^{2}$
along the Celestial Equator. The magnitudes obtained from the USS are
well-calibrated, showing a difference of $\sim 15$ mmag compared to the
predicted magnitudes by the GaiaXPy toolkit. By combining colors and
magnitudes, 140 candidates for EMP or UMP have been identified for follow-up
studies.}{The S-PLUS USS DR1 is an important milestone in the search for bright
metal-poor stars, with magnitudes in the range 10 $ < r \leq 14$. The USS is an
ongoing survey; in the near future, it will provide many more bright metal-poor
candidate stars for spectroscopic follow-up.
