  The concept of entropy has been pivotal in the formulation of thermodynamics.
For systems driven away from thermal equilibrium, a comparable role is played
by entropy production and dissipation. Here we provide a comprehensive picture
how local dissipation due to effective chemical events manifests on large
scales in active matter. We start from a microscopic model for a single
catalytic particle involving explicit solute molecules and show that it
undergoes directed motion. Leveraging stochastic thermodynamics, we calculate
the average entropy production rate for interacting particles. We then show how
the model of active Brownian particles emerges in a certain limit and we
determine the entropy production rate on the level of the hydrodynamic
equations. Our results augment the model of active Brownian particles with
rigorous expressions for the dissipation that cannot be inferred from their
equations of motion, and we illustrate consequences for wall aggregation and
motility-induced phase separation. Notably, our bottom-up approach reveals that
a naive application of the Onsager currents yields an incorrect expression for
the local dissipation.
