  The increasing use of private vehicles for transportation in cities results
in a growing demand for parking space and road network capacity. In many
densely populated urban areas, however, the capacity of existing infrastructure
is insufficient and extremely difficult to expand. Mobility-on-demand systems
have been proposed as a remedy to the problem of limited parking space because
they are able to satisfy the existing transportation demand with fewer shared
vehicles and consequently require less parking space. Yet, the impact of
large-scale vehicle sharing on traffic patterns is not well understood. In this
work, we perform a simulation-based analysis of consequences of a hypothetical
deployment of a large-scale station-based mobility-on-demand system in Prague
and measure the traffic intensity generated by the system and its effects on
the formation of congestion. We find that such a mobility-on-demand system
would lead to significantly increased total driven distance and it would also
increase levels of congestion due to extra trips without passengers. In fact,
38% kilometers traveled in such an MoD system would be driven empty.
