  Binary driven hypernova (BdHN) models long gamma-ray burst (GRBs) as
occurring in the binary systems involving a carbon-oxygen core (CO$_{\rm
core}$) and a companion neutron star (NS) or a black hole (BH). This model,
first proposed in 2012, succeeds and improves upon the fireshell model and the
induced gravitational collapse (IGC) paradigm. After nearly a decade of
development, the BdHN model has reached a nearly complete structure, explaining
all the observables of long bursts into its theoretical framework, and has
given a refined classification of long GRBs according to the original
properties of the progenitors. In this article, we present a summary of the
BdHN model and the physical processes at work in each of the envisaged Episodes
during its occurrence and lifetime, duly contextualized in the framework of GRB
observations.
