  We present a detailed study of the chemical diversity of the metal-poor Milky
Way (MW) using data from the GALAH DR3 survey. Considering 17 chemical
abundances relative to iron ([X/Fe]) for 9,923 stars, we employ Principal
Component Analysis (PCA) and Extreme Deconvolution (XD) to identify 10 distinct
stellar groups. This approach, free from chemical or dynamical cuts, reveals
known populations, including the accreted halo, thick disc, thin disc, and
in-situ halo. The thick disc is characterised by multiple substructures,
suggesting it comprises stars formed in diverse environments. Our findings
highlight the limited discriminatory power of magnesium in separating accreted
and disc stars. Elements such as Ba, Al, Cu, and Sc are critical in
distinguishing disc from accreted stars, while Ba, Y, Eu and Zn differentiate
disc and accreted stars from the in-situ halo. This study demonstrates the
potential power of combining a latent space representation of the data (PCA)
with a clustering algorithm (XD) in Galactic archaeology, in providing new
insights into the galaxy's assembly and evolutionary history.
