  Recently, mobile ad hoc clouds have emerged as a promising technology for
mobile cyber-physical system applications, such as mobile intelligent video
surveillance and smart homes. Resource management plays a key role in
maximizing resource utilization and application performance in mobile ad hoc
clouds. Unlike resource management in traditional distributed computing
systems, such as clouds, resource management in a mobile ad hoc cloud poses
numerous challenges owing to the node mobility, limited battery power, high
latency, and the dynamic network environment. The real-time requirements
associated with mobile cyber-physical system applications make the problem even
more challenging. Currently, existing resource management systems for mobile ad
hoc clouds are not designed to support mobile cyber-physical system
applications and energy-efficient communication between application tasks. In
this paper, we propose a new energy-efficient resource management system for
mobile ad hoc clouds. The proposed system consists of two layers: a network
layer and a middleware layer. The network layer provides ad hoc network and
communication services to the middleware layer and shares the collected
information in order to allow efficient and robust resource management
decisions. It uses (1) a transmission power control mechanism to improve energy
efficiency and network capacity, (2) link lifetimes to reduce communication and
energy consumption costs, and (3) link quality to estimate data transfer times.
The middleware layer is responsible for the discovery, monitoring, migration,
and allocation of resources. It receives application tasks from users and
allocates tasks to nodes on the basis of network and node-level information.
