  Quantum Hall effect (QHE) is a macroscopic manifestation of quantized states
which only occurs in confined two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) systems.
Experimentally, QHE is hosted in high mobility 2DEG with large external
magnetic field at low temperature. Two-dimensional van der Waals materials,
such as graphene and black phosphorus, are considered interesting material
systems to study quantum transport, because it could unveil unique host
material properties due to its easy accessibility of monolayer or few-layer
thin films at 2D quantum limit. Here for the first time, we report direct
observation of QHE in a novel low-dimensional material system:
tellurene.High-quality 2D tellurene thin films were acquired from recently
reported hydrothermal method with high hole mobility of nearly 3,000 cm2/Vs at
low temperatures, which allows the observation of well-developed
Shubnikov-de-Haas (SdH) oscillations and QHE. A four-fold degeneracy of Landau
levels in SdH oscillations and QHE was revealed. Quantum oscillations were
investigated under different gate biases, tilted magnetic fields and various
temperatures, and the results manifest the inherent information of the
electronic structure of Te. Anomalies in both temperature-dependent oscillation
amplitudes and transport characteristics were observed which are ascribed to
the interplay between Zeeman effect and spin-orbit coupling as depicted by the
density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
