  We obtain self-consistent macroscopic equations describing interlayer
Josephson effect and intralayer disequilibrium in one-dimensional array of
Josephson coupled layers. We show that ``nonequilibrium coupling'' can lead to
effective spatial and time synchronization and formation of coherent dynamic
resistive state (collective Josephson effect) in Nb-AlO-Nb stacked junctions
and HTSC (intrinsic Josephson effect). We propose it to be the origin of
collective switching phenomena observed in PbBiSrCaCuO.
