  It has been shown recently that the overpotential originating from ionic
conduction of alkali-ions through the inner dense solid-electrolyte interphase
(SEI) is strongly non-linear. An empirical equation was proposed to merge the
measured resistances from both galvanostatic cycling (GS) and electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at 25$^{\circ}$C. Here, this analysis is extended
to the full temperature range of batteries from -40$^{\circ}$C to
+80$^{\circ}$C for Li, Na, K and Rb-metal electrodes in carbonate electrolytes.
Two different transport mechanisms are found. The first one conducts
alkali-ions at all measured temperatures. The second transport mechanism
conducts ions for all seven measured Li-ion electrolytes and one out of four
Na-ion electrolytes, however, only above a certain critical temperature $T_C$.
At $T_C$ a phase transition is observed switching-off the more efficient
transport mechanism and leaving only the general ion conduction mechanism. The
associated overpotentials increase rapidly below $T_C$ depending on alkali-ion,
salt and solvent and become a limiting factor during galvanostatic operation of
all Li-ion electrolytes at low temperature. In general, the current analysis
merges the SEI resistances measured by EIS ranging from 26 $\Omega$cm$^2$ for
the best Li up to 292 M$\Omega$cm$^2$ for Rb electrodes to its galvanostatic
response over seven orders of magnitude. The determined critical temperatures
are between 0-25$^{\circ}$C for the tested Li and above 50$^{\circ}$C for Na
electrolytes.
