  We consider the problem of uplink power control for distributed massive
multiple-input multiple-output systems where the base stations (BSs) are
equipped with 1-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). The scenario with a
single-user equipment (UE) is first considered to provide insights into the
signal-tonoise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR). With a single BS, the SNDR is a
unimodal function of the UE transmit power. With multiple BSs, the SNDR at the
output of the joint combiner can be made unimodal by adding properly tuned
dithering at each BS. As a result, the UE can be effectively served by multiple
BSs with 1-bit ADCs. Considering the
signal-to-interference-plus-noise-anddistortion ratio (SINDR) in the multi-UE
scenario, we aim at optimizing the UE transmit powers and the dithering at each
BS based on the min-power and max-min-SINDR criteria. To this end, we propose
three algorithms with different convergence and complexity properties.
Numerical results show that, if the desired SINDR can only be achieved via
joint combining across multiple BSs with properly tuned dithering, the optimal
UE transmit power is imposed by the distance to the farthest serving BS (unlike
in the unquantized case). In this context, dithering plays a crucial role in
enhancing the SINDR, especially for UEs with significant path loss disparity
among the serving BSs.
