  The Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) plays a crucial role in male
reproductive health diagnosis and Infertility treatment. With the development
of the computer industry in recent years, a great of accurate algorithms are
proposed. With the assistance of those novel algorithms, it is possible for
CASA to achieve a faster and higher quality result. Since image processing is
the technical basis of CASA, including pre-processing,feature extraction,
target detection and tracking, these methods are important technical steps in
dealing with CASA. The various works related to Computer Assisted Sperm
Analysis methods in the last 30 years (since 1988) are comprehensively
introduced and analysed in this survey. To facilitate understanding, the
methods involved are analysed in the sequence of general steps in sperm
analysis. In other words, the methods related to sperm detection (localization)
are first analysed, and then the methods of sperm tracking are analysed. Beside
this, we analyse and prospect the present situation and future of CASA.
According to our work, the feasible for applying in sperm microscopic video of
methods mentioned in this review is explained. Moreover, existing challenges of
object detection and tracking in microscope video are potential to be solved
inspired by this survey.
