  Trust is a key motivation in developing explainable artificial intelligence
(XAI). However, researchers attempting to measure trust in AI face numerous
challenges, such as different trust conceptualizations, simplified experimental
tasks that may not induce uncertainty as a prerequisite for trust, and the lack
of validated trust questionnaires in the context of AI. While acknowledging
these issues, we have identified a further challenge that currently seems
underappreciated - the potential distinction between trust as one construct and
\emph{distrust} as a second construct independent of trust. While there has
been long-standing academic discourse for this distinction and arguments for
both the one-dimensional and two-dimensional conceptualization of trust,
distrust seems relatively understudied in XAI. In this position paper, we not
only highlight the theoretical arguments for distrust as a distinct construct
from trust but also contextualize psychometric evidence that likewise favors a
distinction between trust and distrust. It remains to be investigated whether
the available psychometric evidence is sufficient for the existence of distrust
or whether distrust is merely a measurement artifact. Nevertheless, the XAI
community should remain receptive to considering trust and distrust for a more
comprehensive understanding of these two relevant constructs in XAI.
