  There remains wide interest in solar cells being made using inexpensive
materials and simple device manufacturing techniques to harvest ever-increasing
amounts of energy. New semiconductor materials and new quantum nanostructures
are exploited to fabricate high-efficiency next-generation solar cells. Quantum
dots have offered an attractive option for photovoltaics. A single photon
absorbed by a quantum dot produces more than one bound electron-hole pair, or
exciton, thereby doubling normal conversion efficiency numbers seen in
single-junction silicon cells. One potential is to use the solar cell
configuration which incorporates. Quantum Dots Super Lattice (QDSL). QDSL
provides a mechanism for the enhancement of solar sales due to their higher
band gap and absorption coefficient when compared to their bulk material
counterpart. The mini bands in the conduction, as well as the valence band of a
QDSL, play an important role in solar cells because the photogenerated carriers
are collected via transport using mini bands. In recent years, a lot of
research has been done on crystal growth, structural, electrical, and optical
properties of thin films and nanostructures as well as fabrication processes
and characterization of photovoltaic devices. In this paper, all the recent
developments in future generation quantum dot solar cells like a tandem,
intermediate band, and solution-processed band alignment engineering from
several research works will be presented.
