  Long sentences have been a persistent issue in written communication for many
years since they make it challenging for readers to grasp the main points or
follow the initial intention of the writer. This survey, conducted using the
PRISMA guidelines, systematically reviews two main strategies for addressing
the issue of long sentences: a) sentence compression and b) sentence splitting.
An increased trend of interest in this area has been observed since 2005, with
significant growth after 2017. Current research is dominated by supervised
approaches for both sentence compression and splitting. Yet, there is a
considerable gap in weakly and self-supervised techniques, suggesting an
opportunity for further research, especially in domains with limited data. In
this survey, we categorize and group the most representative methods into a
comprehensive taxonomy. We also conduct a comparative evaluation analysis of
these methods on common sentence compression and splitting datasets. Finally,
we discuss the challenges and limitations of current methods, providing
valuable insights for future research directions. This survey is meant to serve
as a comprehensive resource for addressing the complexities of long sentences.
We aim to enable researchers to make further advancements in the field until
long sentences are no longer a barrier to effective communication.
