  We look at what astronomy from the Moon might be like in the visible over the
next few decades. The Moon offers the possibility of installing large
telescopes or interferometers with instruments larger than those on orbiting
telescopes. We first present examples of ambitious science cases, in particular
ideas that cannot be implemented from Earth. After a general review of
observational approaches, from photometry to high contrast and high angular
resolution imaging, we propose as a first step a 1-metre-class precursor and
explore what science can be done with it. We add a proposal to use the
Earth-Moon system to test the Quantum Physics theory.
