  Chandra ACIS-S observations of the galaxy cluster A3112 feature the presence
of an excess of X-ray emission above the contribution from the diffuse hot gas,
which can be equally well modeled with an additional non-thermal power-law
model or with a low-temperature thermal model of low metal abundance. We show
that the excess emission cannot be due to uncertainties in the background
subtraction or in the Galactic HI column density. Calibration uncertainties in
the ACIS detector that may affect our results are addressed by comparing the
Chandra data to XMM MOS and PN spectra. While differences between the three
instruments remain, all detect the excess in similar amounts, providing
evidence against an instrumental nature of the excess. Given the presence of
non-thermal radio emission near the center of A3112, we argue that the excess
X-ray emission is of non-thermal nature and distributed throughout the entire
X-ray bandpass, from soft to hard X-rays. The excess can be explained with the
presence of a population of relativistic electrons with ~7% of the cluster's
gas pressure. We also discuss a possible thermal nature of the excess, and
examine the problems associated with such interpretation.
