  The Thomson effect induces heat release or absorption under the simultaneous
application of a charge current and a temperature gradient to conductors. Here,
we theoretically investigate the temperature profile due to the
Thomson-effect-induced heat release/absorption in junctionless single
conductors which can be a simple temperature modulator. We also perform
analysis of the temperature profile for realistic conductors. As a result, we
find that, for a conductor with a large Thomson coefficient, the temperature
derivative of the Seebeck coefficient, the Thomson-effect-induced heat
absorption overcomes the Joule heating, resulting in current-induced cooling in
the bulk region. We also elucidate that a feedback effect of the Thomson effect
stabilizes the system temperature to one-side of the heat bath, which reflects
the fact that the Thomson effect is dependent on the position and proportional
to the local temperature gradient. This work will be the basis for thermal
management utilizing the Thomson effect.
