  Power system models are a valuable and widely used tool to determine
cost-minimal future operation and investment under political or ecological
boundary conditions. Yet they are silent about the allocation of costs of
single assets, as generators or transmission lines, to consumers in the
network. Existing cost-allocation methods hardly suit large networks and do not
take all relevant costs into account. This paper bridges this gap. Based on
flow tracing, it introduces a peer-to-peer or more precisely an
asset-to-consumer allocation of all costs in an optimized power system. The
resulting cost allocation is both locally constrained and aligned with
locational marginal prices in the optimum. The approach is applied and
discussed using a future German scenario.
