  Valuation-Based~System can represent knowledge in different domains including
probability theory, Dempster-Shafer theory and possibility theory. More recent
studies show that the framework of VBS is also appropriate for representing and
solving Bayesian decision problems and optimization problems.
  In this paper after introducing the valuation based system (VBS) framework,
we present Markov-like properties of VBS and a method for resolving queries to
VBS.
