  There have been initiatives that take advantage of information and
communication technologies to serve civic purposes, referred to as civic
technologies (Civic Tech). In this paper, we present a review of 224 papers
from the ACM Digital Library focusing on Computer Supported Cooperative Work
and Human-Computer Interaction, the key fields supporting the building of Civic
Tech. Through this review, we discuss the concepts, theories and history of
civic tech research and provide insights on the technological tools, social
processes and participation mechanisms involved. Our work seeks to direct
future civic tech efforts to the phase of by the citizens.
