  Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), along with the cosmic background radiation
and the Hubble expansion, is one of the pillars ofthe standard, hot, big bang
cosmology since the primordial synthesis of the light nuclides (D, $^3$He,
$^4$He, $^7$Li) must have occurred during the early evolution of a universe
described by this model. The overall consistency between the predicted and
observed abundances of the light nuclides, each of which spans a range of some
nine orders of magnitude, provides impressive support for the standard models
of cosmology and particle physics. Here, the results of recent, statistically
consistent tests of BBN are described. This new confrontation between theory
and data challenges the standard model. The crises confronting BBN are
identified and several possible resolutions are outlined.
