  Oceans, covering 70% of Earth's surface, arelargely unexplored, with about
95% remaining a mystery.Underwater wireless communication is pivotal in various
domains,such as real-time aquatic data collection, marine surveillance,disaster
prevention, archaeological exploration, andenvironmental monitoring. The
Internet of Things has openednew avenues in underwater exploration through the
underwaterInternet of Things concept. This innovative technology
facilitatessmart ocean research, from small case studies to
large-scaleoperations. UIoT networks utilise underwater equipment andsensors to
gather and transmit data in aquatic environments.However, the dynamic nature of
these environments poseschallenges to the network's structure and
communication,necessitating efficient routing solutions.
Quality-of-service-awarerouting is vital as it minimises energy usage, extends
battery life,and enhances network performance. This paper delves into
thechallenges and limitations of UIoT networks, highlighting recentrouting
methodologies. It also proposes a comparison frameworkfor routing methods,
focusing on the quality of service inunderwater IoT networks, to foster more
optimal route selectionand better resource management.
