  It is often stated that cosmology is an extreme form of archeology that deals
with aeons of time extending back to thousands of millions of years. One talks,
for instance, of relics of the early Universe, and phases in the history of the
Universe that resemble the division of phases in human development used by
archeologists to interpret the data they gather in the field. In this text we
shall analyze these "linguistic" similarities, and the differences between
these two scientific activities paying some attention on the role played by
their theoretical guidelines.
