  This report (written in French) is devoted to studying special functions the
most used in physics. Special functions are a very broad branch of mathematics,
theoretical physics, and mathematical physics. They appeared in the nineteenth
century as solutions of equations in mathematical physics, particularly partial
differential equations of order two and four. Their knowledge is essential for
the proper handling and understanding of current problems in physics. They are
also related to the art of scientific computing in physics and mathematics.
Special functions are included in many computer algebra software such as
Matlab, Mathematica, and Maple, and students are strongly encouraged to take
part in this development which has become indispensable for the treatment of
almost all current problems in physics. The manuscript contains six chapters:
gamma and beta functions, Bessel functions, Fresnel error, and integral
function, exponential integral, sine integral, cosine integral, and logarithm
integral, orthogonal polynomials, and finally hypergeometric functions.
