  The faithful distribution of entanglement over noisy channels is a vital
prerequisite for many quantum technological applications. Quantum information
can be encoded in different degrees of freedom (DOF) of photons, where each
encoding comes with its own advantages and disadvantages with respect to noise
resilience and practicality in manipulation. In this work, we experimentally
implement a deterministic entanglement purification protocol that allows us to
faithfully distribute entanglement in one DOF over a noisy channel and then
remotely transfer it to another DOF for manipulation. In particular, we
distribute robust energy-time entanglement and transfer it to polarization
entanglement at the communicating parties. The remotely obtained polarization
state is independent of the polarization noise during distribution and reaches
fidelities to a Bell state of up to 97.6%. Our scheme enables robust and
efficient polarization entanglement distribution in the presence of arbitrary
polarization noise, which is relevant for future large-scale quantum networks.
