  We discuss the gauge field theory approach to protein structure study, which
allows a natural way to introduce collective degrees of freedom and nonlinear
topological structures. Local symmetry of proteins and its breaking in the
medium is considered, what allows to derive Abelian Higgs model of protein
backbone, correct folding of which is defined by gauge symmetry breaking due
hydrophobic forces. Within this model structure of protein backbone is defined
by superposition of one-dimensional topological solitons (kinks), what allows
to reproduce the three-dimensional structure of the protein backbone with
precision up to 1A and to predict its dynamics.
