  We consider two fundamental and related issues currently faced by Artificial
Intelligence (AI) development: the lack of ethics and interpretability of AI
decisions. Can interpretable AI decisions help to address ethics in AI? Using a
randomized study, we experimentally show that the empirical and liberal turn of
the production of explanations tends to select AI explanations with a low
denunciatory power. Under certain conditions, interpretability tools are
therefore not means but, paradoxically, obstacles to the production of ethical
AI since they can give the illusion of being sensitive to ethical incidents. We
also show that the denunciatory power of AI explanations is highly dependent on
the context in which the explanation takes place, such as the gender or
education level of the person to whom the explication is intended for. AI
ethics tools are therefore sometimes too flexible and self-regulation through
the liberal production of explanations do not seem to be enough to address
ethical issues. We then propose two scenarios for the future development of
ethical AI: more external regulation or more liberalization of AI explanations.
These two opposite paths will play a major role on the future development of
ethical AI.
