  We advocate a new approach to study models of fermion masses and mixings,
namely anarchy proposed in hep-ph/9911341. In this approach, we scan the O(1)
coefficients randomly. We argue that this is the correct approach when the
fundamental theory is sufficiently complicated. Assuming there is no physical
distinction among three generations of neutrinos, the probability distributions
in MNS mixing angles can be predicted independent of the choice of the measure.
This is because the mixing angles are distributed according to the Haar measure
of the Lie groups whose elements diagonalize the mass matrices. The
near-maximal mixings, as observed in the atmospheric neutrino data and as
required in the LMA solution to the solar neutrino problem, are highly
probable. A small hierarchy between the Delta m^2 for the atmospheric and the
solar neutrinos is obtained very easily; the complex seesaw case gives a
hierarchy of a factor of 20 as the most probable one, even though this
conclusion is more measure-dependent. U_{e3} has to be just below the current
limit from the CHOOZ experiment. The CP-violating parameter sin delta is
preferred to be maximal. We present a simple SU(5)-like extension of anarchy to
the charged-lepton and quark sectors which works well phenomenologically.
