  In this paper, a new approach called HDNA (HTML DNA) is introduced for
analyzing and comparing Document Object Model (DOM) trees in order to detect
differences in HTML pages. This method assigns an identifier to each HTML page
based on its structure, which proves to be particularly useful for detecting
variations caused by server-side updates, user interactions or potential
security risks. The process involves preprocessing the HTML content generating
a DOM tree and calculating the disparities between two or more trees. By
assigning weights to the nodes valuable insights about their hierarchical
importance are obtained. The effectiveness of the HDNA approach has been
demonstrated in identifying changes in DOM trees even when dynamically
generated content is involved. Not does this method benefit web developers,
testers, and security analysts by offering a deeper understanding of how web
pages evolve. It also helps ensure the functionality and performance of web
applications. Additionally, it enables detection and response to
vulnerabilities that may arise from modifications in DOM structures. As the web
ecosystem continues to evolve HDNA proves to be a tool, for individuals engaged
in web development, testing, or security analysis.
