  The next generation of ground-based gravitational-wave interferometers is
expected to generate a bounty of new astrophysical discoveries, with
sensitivities and bandwidths greatly improved compared to current-generation
detectors. These detectors will allow us to make exceptional advancements in
our understanding of fundamental physics, the dynamics of dense matter, and the
cosmic history of compact objects. The fundamental design aspects of these
planned interferometers will enable these new discoveries; however, challenges
in technical noise, data quality, and calibration have the potential to limit
the scientific reach of these instruments. In this work, we evaluate the
requirements of these elements for next-generation gravitational-wave science,
focusing on how these areas may impact the proposed Cosmic Explorer
observatory. We highlight multiple aspects of these fields where additional
research and development is required to ensure Cosmic Explorer reaches its full
potential.
