  We organized a workshop on the "Present and Future Frameworks of Theoretical
Neuroscience", with the support of the National Science Foundation. The
objective was to identify the challenges and strategies that this field will
need to tackle in order to incorporate vast and multi-scale streams of
experimental data from the technologies developed by the BRAIN initiative. The
participants, divided in workgroups, identified five key areas that, while not
exhaustive, cover multiple aspects of current challenges needed to be
developed: Dynamics-statistics; multi-scale integration; coding; brain-body
integration; and structure of neuroscience theories. While each area is
different, there were coincidences on finding theoretical paths to incorporate
biophysics, energetics, and ethology with more abstract coding and
computational approaches. Each workgroup has continued to work after the
meeting to develop the ideas seeded there, which are started to being
published. Here, we provide a perspective of the discussions of each workgroup
that point to building on the present foundations of theoretical neuroscience
and extend them by incorporating multi-scale information with the objective of
providing mechanistic insights into the nervous system.
