  The study of hadronic showers, which are produced by cosmic rays penetrating
the Earth's atmosphere, is essential for shedding light on the origins and
characteristics of high-energy particles originating from space and reaching
our planet. At the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, there are plans to conduct a
short run of proton--oxygen collisions in 2025 to refine the modeling of
hadronic showers. This work explores the potential impact on constraining
models of hadronic showers by measuring interactions facilitated by
color-neutral objects such as photons, pomerons, and pions. These interactions
are often characterized by high-energy protons or neutrons produced at forward
rapidities and can be tagged using dedicated forward proton and neutron
detectors.
