  The Internet of Things (IoT), the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), and
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) have become essential for our daily lives in
contexts such as our homes, buildings, cities, health, transportation,
manufacturing, infrastructure, and agriculture. However, they have become
popular targets of attacks, due to their inherent limitations which create
vulnerabilities. Honeypots and honeynets can prove essential to understand and
defend against attacks on IoT, IIoT, and CPS environments by attracting
attackers and deceiving them into thinking that they have gained access to the
real systems. Honeypots and honeynets can complement other security solutions
(i.e., firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems - IDS) to form a strong defense
against malicious entities. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the
research that has been carried out on honeypots and honeynets for IoT, IIoT,
and CPS. It provides a taxonomy and extensive analysis of the existing
honeypots and honeynets, states key design factors for the state-of-the-art
honeypot/honeynet research and outlines open issues for future honeypots and
honeynets for IoT, IIoT, and CPS environments.
