  Dynamics of strange particles produced in proton induced nuclear reactions
near threshold energies has been investigated within the Lanzhou quantum
molecular dynamics (LQMD) transport model. The in-medium modifications on
particle production in dense nuclear matter are considered through corrections
on the elementary cross sections via the effective mass and the mean-field
potentials. It is found that the attractive antikaon-nucleon potential enhances
the subthreshold $\bar{K}$ production and also influences the structure of
inclusive spectra. The strangeness production is strongly suppressed in proton
induced reactions in comparison to heavy-ion collisions. The measured
K$^{-}$/K$^{+}$ ratios in the $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C and p+$^{12}$C collisions from
KaoS collaboration have been well explained with inclusion of the in-medium
potentials.
