  This paper explores an integrated approach for improved sensing and
positioning with applications in air traffic management (ATM) and in the
Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS). The integrated
approach includes the synergy of 3D Vector Antenna with the novel
time-of-arrival and angle-of-arrival estimate methods for accurate positioning,
combining the sensing on the sub-6GHz and mmWave spectrum for the enhanced
non-cooperative surveillance. For the positioning scope, both uplink and
downlink 5G reference signals are investigated and their performance is
evaluated. For the non-cooperative sensing scope, a novel 5G-signal-based
imaging function is proposed and verified with realistic airport
radio-propagation modelling and the AI-based targets tracking-and-motion
recognition are investigated. The 5G-based imaging and mmWave radar based
detection can be potentially fused to enhance surveillance in the airport. The
work is being done within the European-funded project NewSense and it delves
into the 5G, Vector Antennas, and mmWave capabilities for future ATM solutions.
