  Realizing and characterizing interacting topological phases in synthetic
quantum systems is a formidable challenge. Here, we propose a Floquet protocol
to realize the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model with power-law decaying
interactions. Based on analytical and numerical arguments, we show that this
model features a quantum phase transition from a liquid to a valence bond solid
that spontaneously breaks lattice translational symmetry and is reminiscent of
the Majumdar-Ghosh state. The different phases can be probed dynamically by
measuring the evolution of a fully dimerized state. We moreover introduce an
interferometric protocol to characterize the topological excitations and the
bulk topological invariants of the interacting many-body system.
