  Software applications continue to challenge user privacy when users interact
with them. Privacy practices (e.g. Data Minimisation (DM), Privacy by Design
(PbD) or General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)) and related "privacy
engineering" methodologies exist and provide clear instructions for developers
to implement privacy into software systems they develop that preserve user
privacy. However, those practices and methodologies are not yet a common
practice in the software development community. There has been no previous
research focused on developing "educational" interventions such as serious
games to enhance software developers' coding behaviour. Therefore, this
research proposes a game design framework as an educational tool for software
developers to improve (secure) coding behaviour, so they can develop
privacy-preserving software applications that people can use. The elements of
the proposed framework were incorporated into a gaming application scenario
that enhances the software developers' coding behaviour through their
motivation. The proposed work not only enables the development of
privacy-preserving software systems but also helping the software development
community to put privacy guidelines and engineering methodologies into
practice.
