  Acceleration of urbanisation is posing great challenges to sustainable
development. Growing accessibility to big data and artificial intelligence (AI)
technologies have revolutionised many fields and offered great potential for
addressing pressing urban problems. However, using these technologies without
explicitly considering responsibilities would bring new societal and
environmental issues. To maximise the benefits of big data and AI while
minimising potential issues, we envisage a conceptual framework of Responsible
Urban Intelligence (RUI) and advocate an agenda for action. We first define RUI
as consisting of three major components including urban problems, enabling
technologies, and responsibilities; then introduce transparency, fairness, and
eco-friendliness as the three dimensions of responsibilities which naturally
link with the human, space, and time dimensions of cities; and further develop
a four-stage implementation framework for responsibilities as consisting of
solution design, data preparation, model building, and practical application;
and finally present a research agenda for RUI addressing challenging issues
including data and model transparency, tension between performance and
fairness, and solving urban problems in an eco-friendly manner.
