  We consider a linear Schr\"odinger equation, on a bounded interval, with
bilinear control.
  Beauchard and Laurent proved that, under an appropriate non degeneracy
assumption, this system is controllable, locally around the ground state, in
arbitrary time. Coron proved that a positive minimal time is required for this
controllability, on a particular degenerate example.
  In this article, we propose a general context for the local controllability
to hold in large time, but not in small time. The existence of a positive
minimal time is closely related to the behaviour of the second order term, in
the power series expansion of the solution.
