  We report momentum resolved charge excitations in a one dimensional (1-D)
Mott insulator studied using high resolution (~ 325 meV) inelastic x-ray
scattering over the entire Brillouin zone for the first time. Excitations at
the insulating gap edge are found to be highly dispersive (momentum
dependent)compared to excitations observed in two dimensional Mott insulators.
The observed dispersion in 1-D is consistent with charge excitations involving
holons which is unique to spin-1/2 quantum chain systems. These results point
to the potential utility of inelastic x-ray scattering in providing valuable
information about electronic structure of strongly correlated insulators.
