  Rapidly Exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithms, notably used for nonholonomic
vehicle navigation in complex environments, are often not thoroughly evaluated
for their specific challenges. This paper presents a first such comparison
study of the variants Potential-Quick RRT* (PQ-RRT*), Informed RRT* (IRRT*),
RRT*, and RRT, in maritime single-query nonholonomic motion planning.
Additionally, the practicalities of using these algorithms in maritime
environments are discussed and outlined. We also contend that these algorithms
are beneficial not only for trajectory planning in Collision Avoidance Systems
(CAS) but also for CAS verification when used as vessel behavior generators.
  Optimal RRT variants tend to produce more distance-optimal paths but require
more computational time due to complex tree wiring and nearest neighbor
searches. Our findings, supported by Welch`s t-test at a significance level of
Alpha = 0.05, indicate that PQ-RRT* slightly outperform IRRT* and RRT* in
achieving shorter trajectory length but at the expense of higher tuning
complexity and longer run-times. Based on the results, we argue that these RRT
algorithms are better suited for smaller-scale problems or environments with
low obstacle congestion ratio. This is attributed to the curse of
dimensionality, and trade-off with available memory and computational
resources.
