  In this paper, we solve a North-type Energy Balance Model (EBM) using an
analytical method, the Boundary Integral Method. This approach is discussed in
light of existing analytical techniques for this type of equation. We use the
method to demonstrate that the placement of a zonally symmetric continent, with
an altered ice-albedo feedback dynamic, introduces new equilibrium states. A
finite difference algorithm is implemented to solve the time-dependent equation
and assess the stability of the equilibrium states, along with a numerical
perturbation scheme. Bifurcation diagrams are drawn and we show that the
bifurcation curve is extremely sensitive to the placement of a continent. The
continent is initially configured with meridional symmetry, and we investigate
how the system dynamics respond to a gradual reduction of the system's symmetry
properties. We find that meridional symmetry increases the number of fold
bifurcations and equilibria. Additionally, we discuss how the emerging
bifurcation structures may provide insights into the complex dynamics involved
as one ascends the climate model hierarchy.
