  This study aims to propose an approach for spatiotemporal integration of bus
transit, which enables users to change bus lines by paying a single fare. This
could increase bus transit efficiency and, consequently, help to make this mode
of transportation more attractive. Usually, this strategy is allowed for a few
hours in a non-restricted area; thus, certain walking distance areas behave
like "virtual terminals." For that, two data-driven algorithms are proposed in
this work. First, a new algorithm for detecting itineraries based on bus GPS
data and the bus stop location. The proposed algorithm's results show that 90%
of the database detected valid itineraries by excluding invalid markings and
adding times at missing bus stops through temporal interpolation. Second, this
study proposes a bus stop clustering algorithm to define suitable areas for
these virtual terminals where it would be possible to make bus transfers
outside the physical terminals. Using real-world origin-destination trips, the
bus network, including clusters, can reduce traveled distances by up to 50%,
making twice as many connections on average.
