  We report the reconstruction of the mass component spectra of cosmic rays
(protons, helium, carbon, silicon and iron) and their mean mass composition, at
energies from 1.4 to 100 PeV. The results are derived from the archival data of
the extensive air shower experiment KASCADE. We use a novel machine learning
technique developed specifically for this reconstruction, and post-LHC hadronic
interaction models: QGSJet-II.04, EPOS-LHC and Sibyll 2.3c. We have found an
excess of the proton component and a deficit of intermediate and heavy nuclei
components compared to the original KASCADE results. The spectra of protons and
helium show a knee-like behavior at ~ 4.4 PeV and ~ 11 PeV, with significances
5.2${\sigma}$ and 3.9${\sigma}$, respectively. The spectrum of the iron
component has a hint (2.4${\sigma}$) of a hardening at ~ 4.5 PeV, which can be
interpreted as a counterpart of a hardening in the proton spectrum at 166 TeV,
recently reported by the GRAPES-3 experiment. The systematic uncertainties of
our analysis were found to be smaller than those of the original KASCADE, as
well as those of IceTop and TALE experiments, over the most part of the energy
range studied. We also estimated separately the uncertainty related to the
difference between the three mentioned hadronic interaction models. We also
compute a mean logarithm mass of cosmic ray flux as a function of energy. It is
in agreement with the results of IceTop, TALE and LHAASO within the
uncertainties.
