  We report the atomic layer deposition of titanium dioxide on carbon nanosheet
templates and investigate the effects of post-deposition annealing in a helium
environment using different characterization techniques. The crystallization of
the titanium dioxide coating upon annealing is observed using in-situ X-ray
diffraction. The (micro)-structural characterization of the films is carried
out by scanning electron microscopy and advanced transmission electron
microscopy techniques. Our study shows that the annealing of the atomic layer
deposition processed and carbon nanosheets templated titanium dioxide layers in
helium environment results in the formation of a porous, nanocrystalline and
photocatalytically active titanium dioxide-carbon nanosheet composite film.
Such composites are suitable for photocatalysis and dye-sensitized solar cells
applications.
