  Using particle trajectory data obtained from x-ray tomography, we determine
two kinds of effective temperatures in a cyclically sheared granular system.
The first one is obtained from the fluctuation-dissipation theorem which
relates the diffusion and mobility of lighter tracer particles immersed in the
system. The second is the Edwards compactivity defined via the packing volume
fluctuations. We find robust excellent agreement between these two
temperatures, independent of the type of the tracers, cyclic shear amplitudes,
and particle surface roughness. We further elucidate that in granular systems
the viscous-like drag force is due to the broken symmetry of the local contact
geometry.
