  The value-alignment problem for artificial intelligence (AI) asks how we can
ensure that the 'values' (i.e., objective functions) of artificial systems are
aligned with the values of humanity. In this paper, I argue that linguistic
communication (natural language) is a necessary condition for robust value
alignment. I discuss the consequences that the truth of this claim would have
for research programmes that attempt to ensure value alignment for AI systems;
or, more loftily, designing robustly beneficial or ethical artificial agents.
