  India is now among the major knowledge producers of the world, ranking among
the top 5 countries in total research output, as per some recent reports. The
institutional setup for Research & Development (R&D) in India comprises a
diverse set of Institutions, including Universities, government departments,
research laboratories, and private sector institutions etc. It may be noted
that more than 45% share of India's Gross Expenditure on Research and
Development (GERD) comes from the central government. In this context, this
article attempts to explore the quantum of research contribution of centrally
funded institutions and institution systems of India. The volume, proportionate
share and growth patterns of research publications from the major centrally
funded institutions, organised in 16 groups, is analysed. These institutions
taken together account for 67.54% of Indian research output during 2001 to
2020. The research output of the centrally funded institutions in India has
increased steadily since 2001 with a good value for CAGR. The paper presents
noteworthy insights about scientific research production of India that may be
useful to policymakers, researchers and science practitioners in India. It
presents a case for increased activity by the state governments and private
sector to further the cause of sustainable and inclusive research and
development in the country.
