  Manufacturing hydrogels with identical electrochemical properties are
typically riddled with unresolved inquiries and challenges. Here, we utilized
ultra-light graphene flakes to trace the influence of convection phenomena
during reactions on hydrogels' formation and structural non-uniformity,
elucidating its mechanisms. Furthermore, we confirmed that an external electric
field induced the orientation of functional groups of hydrogels along the
direction of this field, revealing the mechanism of its influence on the
structural non-uniformity and electrochemical properties of hydrogels.
Additionally, we discovered that ion diffusion was "Stumbling-to-Fetters" by
the functional groups on the polymer chains within the hydrogel, unveiling this
mechanism and developing the Virginia Creeper (VC) model for hydrogels. We
demonstrated the scalability and application of the VC model. Furthermore, we
proposed a molecular-ion diffusion and current decay equation to describe the
electrochemical properties of hydrogels. As an application of the VC model, we
developed a bionic cardiovascular system and proved its potential to seamlessly
interface with living organisms and generate bio-like bioelectricity. Our
findings provide novel insights into triboelectricity and guidance for
producing hydrogels with identical electrochemical properties, and offer a new
pathway for bioelectric generation and the design of new hydrogel devices.
