  COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been declared a
pandemic by the World Health Organization, which has reported over 18 million
confirmed cases as of August 5, 2020. In this review, we present an overview of
recent studies using Machine Learning and, more broadly, Artificial
Intelligence, to tackle many aspects of the COVID-19 crisis. We have identified
applications that address challenges posed by COVID-19 at different scales,
including: molecular, by identifying new or existing drugs for treatment;
clinical, by supporting diagnosis and evaluating prognosis based on medical
imaging and non-invasive measures; and societal, by tracking both the epidemic
and the accompanying infodemic using multiple data sources. We also review
datasets, tools, and resources needed to facilitate Artificial Intelligence
research, and discuss strategic considerations related to the operational
implementation of multidisciplinary partnerships and open science. We highlight
the need for international cooperation to maximize the potential of AI in this
and future pandemics.
