  Carpooling service is an effective solution to balance the limited number of
taxicabs and the soaring demands from users, Thus, how to motivate more
passengers to participate in carpooling is essential, especially in extreme
weather or in rush hours. Most of existing works focus on improving the
availability, convenience and security of carpooling service, while ignoring to
guarantee the quality of experience of passengers. In this work, we focus on
how to fulfill the expected sojourn time of passengers in carpooling service
using coalition game. We formulate the QoE guarantee problem as a benefit
allocation problem. To solve the problem, we quantify the impatience of
passengers due to detouring time delay, depending on their own expected sojourn
time and expected compensation per unit time of delay. The algorithm named PCA
is proposed to minimize the impatience of all passengers, under which we
calculate the compensation for passengers based on Shapley value. We prove that
PCA can guarantee the fairness of passengers. Extensive simulation results
demonstrate that PCA can minimize the impatience of passengers. Moreover,
compared with the existing algorithm DST, PCA can reduce the payment of each
passenger by 14.4 percent averagely with only 13.3 percent loss of driver's
revenue. However, the least expected revenue of the driver can still be
fulfilled, which produces a win-win solution for both passengers and drivers in
carpooling.
