  We investigate the shock-induced flow through random particle arrays using
particle-resolved Large Eddy Simulations for different incident shock wave Mach
numbers, particle volume fractions and particle sizes. We analyze trends in
mean flow quantities and the unresolved terms in the volume averaged momentum
equation, as we vary the three parameters. We find that the shock wave
attenuation and certain mean flow trends can be predicted by the opacity of the
particle cloud, which is a function of particle size and particle volume
fraction. We show that the Reynolds stress field plays an important role in the
momentum balance at the particle cloud edges, and therefore strongly affects
the reflected shock wave strength. The Reynolds stress was found to be
insensitive to particle size, but strongly dependent on particle volume
fraction. It is in better agreement with results from simulations of flow
through particle clouds at fixed mean slip Reynolds numbers in the
incompressible regime, than with results from other shock wave particle cloud
studies, which have utilized either inviscid or two-dimensional approaches. We
propose an algebraic model for the streamwise Reynolds stress based on the
observation that the separated flow regions are the primary contributions to
the Reynolds stress.
