  Symmetry protected topological phases (SPTs) have universal degeneracies in
the entanglement spectrum in one dimension (1D). Here, we formulate this
phenomenon in the framework of symmetry-resolved entanglement (SRE) using
cohomology theory. We develop a general approach to compute entanglement
measures of SPTs in any dimension and specifically SRE via a discrete path
integral on multi-sheet Riemann surfaces with generalized defects. The
resulting path integral is expressed in terms of group cocycles describing the
topological actions of SPTs. Their cohomology classification allows to identify
universal entanglement properties. Specifically, we demonstrate an equi-block
decomposition of the reduced density matrix into symmetry sectors, for all 1D
topological phases protected by finite Abelian unitary symmetries.
