  With the shortage of physicians and surgeons and increase in demand worldwide
due to situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing interest in
finding solutions to help address the problem. A solution to this problem would
be to use neurotechnology to provide them augmented cognition, senses and
action for optimal diagnosis and treatment. Consequently, doing so can
negatively impact them and others. We argue that applying neurotechnology for
human enhancement in physicians and surgeons can cause injustices, and harm to
them and patients. In this paper, we will first describe the augmentations and
neurotechnologies that can be used to achieve the relevant augmentations for
physicians and surgeons. We will then review selected ethical concerns
discussed within literature, discuss the neuroengineering behind using
neurotechnology for augmentation purposes, then conclude with an analysis on
outcomes and ethical issues of implementing human augmentation via
neurotechnology in medical and surgical practice.
