  We propose a distributed quantum computing (DQC) architecture in which
individual small-sized quantum computers are connected to a shared quantum gate
processing unit (S-QGPU). The S-QGPU comprises a collection of hybrid two-qubit
gate modules for remote gate operations. In contrast to conventional DQC
systems, where each quantum computer is equipped with dedicated communication
qubits, S-QGPU effectively pools the resources (e.g., the communication qubits)
together for remote gate operations, and thus significantly reduces the cost of
not only the local quantum computers but also the overall distributed system.
Our preliminary analysis and simulation show that S-QGPU's shared resources for
remote gate operations enable efficient resource utilization. When not all
computing qubits (also called data qubits) in the system require simultaneous
remote gate operations, S-QGPU-based DQC architecture demands fewer
communication qubits, further decreasing the overall cost. Alternatively, with
the same number of communication qubits, it can support a larger number of
simultaneous remote gate operations more efficiently, especially when these
operations occur in a burst mode.
