  The past few years have witnessed the rapid development of liquid metal
dealloying to fabricate nano-/meso-scale porous and composite structures with
ultra-high interfacial area for diverse materials applications. However, this
method currently has two important limitations. First, it produces bicontinuous
structures with high-genus topologies for a limited range of alloy
compositions. Second, structures have a large ligament size due to substantial
coarsening during dealloying at high temperature. Here we demonstrate
computationally and experimentally that those limitations can be overcome by
adding to the metallic melt an element that promotes high-genus topologies by
limiting the leakage of the immiscible element during dealloying. We further
interpret this finding by showing that bulk diffusive transport of the
immiscible element in the liquid melt strongly influences the evolution of the
solid fraction and topology of the structure during dealloying. The results
shed light on fundamental differences in liquid metal and electrochemical
dealloying and establish a new approach to produce liquid-metal-dealloyed
structures with desired size and topologies.
