  In order to provide wireless services for wide sea area, this paper designs
an integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime communication framework.
Specifically, the terrestrial base station (TBS) serves near-shore users, while
the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communicates with off-shore users. We aim
to improve the overall performance of integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime
communication system. Thus, it makes sense to jointly optimize transmit
beamforming at the TBS and LEO satellite. Due to sea wave fluctuation, the
obtained channel state information (CSI) is often imperfect. In this context, a
robust beamforming design algorithm is proposed with the goal of minimizing the
total power consumption of integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime
communication system while satisfying quality of service (QoS) requirements.
Both theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm the effectiveness of
proposed algorithm in maritime communications.
