  This is a textbook, in Spanish, for an introductory short course that
focusses on the ergodic properties of topological and statistical attractors.
It is directed to graduate students in Mathematics and related Science, in
particular to the students-participants of the XXVI Escuela Venezolana de
Matem\'atica. The first three chapters include a review of the basic concepts
and properties of the ergodic theory and of the topological and differentiable
dynamics of systems that evolve on discrete time. They do not require from the
reader previous knowledge on Dynamical Systems. The latter three chapters
develop the theory of topological attractors, SRB measures, and the existence
of Gibbs and physical measures for hyperbolic and sufficiently differentiable
systems. Finally, for continuous and non necessarily differentiable systems, we
include a review of Milnor's and Ilyashenko's or statistical attractors, the
proof of their existence and the relation between statistical attractors and
the "SRB-like" or pseudo-physical measures.
