  Let $p_{1}, p_{2}$ be two distinct prime integers, let $n$ be a positive
integer, $n$$\geq 3$ and let $\xi_{n} $ be a primitive root of order $n$ of the
unity. In this paper we obtain a complete characterization for a quaternion
algebra $H\left(p_{1}, p_{2}\right)$ to be a division algebra over the $n$th
cyclotomic field $\mathbb{Q}\left(\xi_{n}\right)$, when
$n$$\in$$\left\{3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12\right\}$ and also we obtain a
characterization for a quaternion algebra $H\left(p_{1}, p_{2}\right)$ to be a
division algebra over the $n$th cyclotomic field
$\mathbb{Q}\left(\xi_{n}\right)$, when $n$$\in$$\left\{5,10\right\}$. In the
4th section we obtain a complete characterization for a quaternion algebra
$H_{\mathbb{Q}\left(\xi_{n}\right)}\left(p_{1}, p_{2}\right)$ to be a division
algebra, when $n=l^{k},$ with $l$ a prime integer, $l\equiv 3$ (mod $4$) and
$k$ a positive integer. In the last section of this article we obtain a
complete characterization for a quaternion algebra
$H_{\mathbb{Q}\left(\xi_{l}\right)}\left(p_{1}, p_{2}\right)$ to be a division
algebra, when $l$ is a Fermat prime number.
