  Deterministic quantum computation with one qubit (DQC1) is iconic in
highlighting that exponential quantum speedup may be achieved with negligible
entanglement. Its discovery catalyzed heated study of general quantum
resources, and various conjectures regarding their role in DQC1's performance
advantage. Coherence and discord are prominent candidates, respectively
characterizing non-classicality within localized and correlated systems. Here
we realize DQC1 within a superconducting system, engineered such that the
dynamics of coherence and discord can be tracked throughout its execution. We
experimentally confirm that DQC1 acts as a resource converter, consuming
coherence to generate discord during its operation. Our results highlight
superconducting circuits as a promising platform for both realizing DQC1 and
related algorithms, and experimentally characterizing resource dynamics within
quantum protocols.
