  When translating Japanese nouns into English, we face the problem of articles
and numbers which the Japanese language does not have, but which are necessary
for the English composition. To solve this difficult problem we classified the
referential property and the number of nouns into three types respectively.
This paper shows that the referential property and the number of nouns in a
sentence can be estimated fairly reliably by the words in the sentence. Many
rules for the estimation were written in forms similar to rewriting rules in
expert systems. We obtained the correct recognition scores of 85.5\% and 89.0\%
in the estimation of the referential property and the number respectively for
the sentences which were used for the construction of our rules. We tested
these rules for some other texts, and obtained the scores of 68.9\% and 85.6\%
respectively.
