  Maritime surveillance (MS) is of paramount importance for search and rescue
operations, fishery monitoring, pollution control, law enforcement, migration
monitoring, and national security policies. Since ground-based radars and
automatic identification system (AIS) do not always provide a comprehensive and
seamless coverage of the entire maritime domain, the use of space-based sensors
is crucial to complement them. We reviewed space-based technologies for MS in
the first part of this work, titled "Space-based Global Maritime Surveillance.
Part I: Satellite Technologies" [1]. However, future MS systems combining
multiple terrestrial and space-based sensors with additional information
sources will require dedicated artificial intelligence and data fusion
techniques for the processing of raw satellite images and fuse heterogeneous
information. The second part of our work focuses on the most promising
artificial intelligence and data fusion techniques for MS using space-based
sensors.
