  Rock properties are environment- and condition-dependent which render
field-laboratory comparisons ambiguous for a number of known and unknown
reasons that constitute the upscaling problem. Unknowns are first transformed
into knowns in a controlled environment (laboratory) and second in a volatile
environment (field). Causality-bound dispersion and attenuation are
respectively defined as rock properties that are frequency- and
distance-dependent: dispersion implies non-zero attenuation and vice versa.
Forced-Oscillation (FO), Resonant-Bar (RB), and Pulse-Transmission (PT). are
the customary techniques to measure rock properties at Hz, kHz, and MHz
frequencies. Notably FO has emerged as the current champion in bridging the
field-laboratory void in recent years. Not only is FO probing seismic (Hz)
frequencies but with $\sim10^{-6}$ strain amplitudes it is also similar to
field seismic. RB and PT are concisely however FO is verbosely elaborated by
chronologically compiling most (if not all) FO studies on sedimentary rocks and
comparing all available FO measurements on reference materials such as lucite,
aluminium, and PEEK. First of its kind, this inter-laboratory comparison may
serve as a reference for others who seek to verify their own results.
Differences between FO are discussed with alternative strain and stress sensors
being the focal points. Other techniques such as Resonant Ultrasound
Spectroscopy (RUS), Laser UltraSonics (LUS), and Differential Acoustic
Resonance Spectroscopy (DARS) that are similar to FO, RB, and PT are also
described. Only time will tell what the future holds for FO but plausible
improvements for the future are ultimately given which may elevate it even
further. Experimental combined with numerical novelty will extend the probeable
frequencies beyond their current limits.
