  Meta-learning, or learning to learn, has gained renewed interest in recent
years within the artificial intelligence community. However, meta-learning is
incredibly prevalent within nature, has deep roots in cognitive science and
psychology, and is currently studied in various forms within neuroscience. The
aim of this review is to recast previous lines of research in the study of
biological intelligence within the lens of meta-learning, placing these works
into a common framework. More recent points of interaction between AI and
neuroscience will be discussed, as well as interesting new directions that
arise under this perspective.
