  For over hundreds of millions of years, sea turtles and their ancestors have
swum in the vast expanses of the ocean. They have undergone a number of
evolutionary changes, leading to speciation and sub-speciation. However, in the
past few decades, some of the most notable forces driving the genetic variance
and population decline have been global warming and anthropogenic impact
ranging from large-scale poaching, collecting turtle eggs for food, besides
dumping trash including plastic waste into the ocean. This leads to severe
detrimental effects in the sea turtle population, driving them to extinction.
This research focusses on the forces causing the decline in sea turtle
population, the necessity for the global conservation efforts along with its
successes and failures, followed by an in-depth analysis of the modern advances
in detection and recognition of sea turtles, involving Machine Learning and
Computer Vision systems, aiding the conservation efforts.
