  This paper proposes a bilevel transit network design problem considering
supply side uncertainty. The upper level problem determines frequency settings
to simultaneously maximize the efficiency and equity measures, which are
defined by the reduction in the total effective travel cost and the minimum
reduction in the effective travel cost of all OD pairs, respectively. The lower
level problem is the reliability based transit assignment problem that captures
the effects of supply-side uncertainty on passengers route choice
behavior.Numerical studies demonstrate that 1) the Pareto frontier may not be
convex; 2) it is possible to improve the efficiency and equity objectives
simultaneously; 3) increasing the frequency could worsen the equity measure; 4)
passengers risk attitude affects the rate of substitution between the two
objectives.
