  Initial residual stress is omnipresent in biological tissues and soft matter,
and can affect growth-induced pattern selection significantly. Here we
demonstrate this effect experimentally by letting soft tubes grow in the
presence or absence of initial residual stress and by observing different
growth pattern evolutions. These experiments motivate us to model the
mechanisms at play when a growing bilayer tubular organ spontaneously displays
buckling patterns on its inner surface. We demonstrate that not only
differential growth, geometry and elasticity, but also initial residual stress
distribution, exert a notable influence on these pattern phenomena. Prescribing
an initial residual stress distribution offers an alternative or a more
effective way to implement pattern selection for growable bio-tissues or soft
matter. The results also show promise for the design of 4D bio-mimic printing
protocols or for controlling hydrogel actuators.
