  Blockchain technology has been used to build next-generation applications
taking advantage of its decentralised nature. Nevertheless, there are some
serious concerns about the trustworthiness of blockchain due to the
vulnerabilities in on-chain algorithmic mechanisms, and tedious disputes and
debates in off-chain communities. Accordingly, blockchain governance has
received great attention for improving the trustworthiness of all decisions
that direct a blockchain platform. However, there is a lack of systematic
knowledge to guide practitioners to perform blockchain governance. We have
performed a systematic literature review to understand the state-of-the-art of
blockchain governance. We identify the lifecycle stages of a blockchain
platform, and present 14 architectural patterns for blockchain governance in
this study. This pattern language can provide guidance for the effective use of
patterns for blockchain governance in practice, and support the architecture
design of governance-driven blockchain systems.
