  A determination of the jet energy scale is presented using proton$-$proton
collision data with a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV, corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of 140 $\mbox{fb\(^{-1}\)}$ collected using the
ATLAS detector at the LHC. Jets are reconstructed using the ATLAS particle-flow
method that combines charged-particle tracks and topo-clusters formed from
energy deposits in the calorimeter cells. The anti-$k_\mathrm{t}$ jet algorithm
with radius parameter $R=0.4$ is used to define the jet. Novel jet energy scale
calibration strategies developed for the LHC Run 2 are reported that lay the
foundation for the jet calibration in Run 3. Jets are calibrated with a series
of simulation-based corrections, including state-of-the-art techniques in jet
calibration such as machine learning methods and novel in situ calibrations to
achieve better performance than the baseline calibration derived using up to 81
$\mbox{fb\(^{-1}\)}$ of Run 2 data. The performance of these new techniques is
then examined in the in situ measurements by exploiting the transverse momentum
balance between a jet and a reference object. The $b$-quark jet energy scale
using particle flow jets is measured for the first time with around 1%
precision using $\gamma$+jet events
