  The model under consideration is a classical 2D Coulomb gas of pointlike
positive and negative unit charges, interacting via a logarithmic potential. In
the whole stability range of temperatures, the equilibrium statistical
mechanics of this fluid is exactly solvable via an equivalence with the
integrable 2D sine-Gordon field theory. The exact solution includes the bulk
thermodynamics, special cases of the surface thermodynamics, and the
large-distance asymptotic behavior of the two-body correlation functions.
