  We develop an effective theory which describes black holes with quantum
mechanical horizons that is valid at scales long compared to the Schwarzschild
radius but short compared to the lifetime of the black hole. Our formalism
allows one to calculate the quantum mechanical effects in scattering processes
involving black hole asymptotic states. We point out that the EFT Wightman
functions which describe Hawking radiation in the Unruh vacuum are not Planck
suppressed and are actually {\it enhanced} relative to those in the Boulware
vacuum, for which such radiation is absent. We elaborate on this point showing
how the non-Planck suppressed effects of Hawking radiation cancel in classical
observables.
