  This paper presents the first comprehensive tutorial on a promising research
field located at the frontier of two well-established domains: Neurosciences
and wireless communications, motivated by the ongoing efforts to define how the
sixth generation of mobile networks (6G) will be. In particular, this tutorial
first provides a novel integrative approach that bridges the gap between these
two, seemingly disparate fields. Then, we present the state-of-the-art and key
challenges of these two topics. In particular, we propose a novel
systematization that divides the contributions into two groups, one focused on
what neurosciences will offer to 6G in terms of new applications and systems
architecture (Neurosciences for Wireless), and the other focused on how
wireless communication theory and 6G systems can provide new ways to study the
brain (Wireless for Neurosciences). For the first group, we concretely explain
how current scientific understanding of the brain would enable new application
for 6G within the context of a new type of service that we dub braintype
communications and that has more stringent requirements than human- and
machine-type communication. In this regard, we expose the key requirements of
brain-type communication services and we discuss how future wireless networks
can be equipped to deal with such services. Meanwhile, for the second group, we
thoroughly explore modern communication system paradigms, including Internet of
Bio-nano Things and chaosbased communications, in addition to highlighting how
complex systems tools can help bridging 6G and neuroscience applications.
Brain-controlled vehicles are then presented as our case study. All in all,
this tutorial is expected to provide a largely missing articulation between
these two emerging fields while delineating concrete ways to move forward in
such an interdisciplinary endeavor.
