  In this paper, a novel mean-value exergy-based modeling framework for
internal combustion engines is developed. The characterization of combustion
irreversibilities, thermal exchange between the in-cylinder mixture and the
cylinder wall, and non-stoichiometric combustion allows for a comprehensive
description of the availability transfer and destruction phenomena in the
engine. The model is applicable to internal combustion engines operating both
in steady-state and over a sequence of operating points and can be used to
characterize the whole engine operating region, allowing to create static maps
describing the exergetic behavior of the engine as a function of speed and
load. The application of the proposed modeling strategy is shown for a
turbocharged diesel engine. Ultimately, the static maps, while providing
insightful information about inefficiencies over the whole operating field of
the engine, are the enabling step for the development of exergy-based control
strategies aiming at minimizing the overall operational losses of ground
vehicles.
