  The tempered Lefschetz thimble method is a parallel-tempering algorithm
towards solving the numerical sign problem. It uses the flow time of the
gradient flow as a tempering parameter and is expected to tame both the sign
and multimodal problems simultaneously. In this paper, we further develop the
algorithm so that the expectation values can be estimated precisely with a
criterion ensuring global equilibrium and the sufficiency of the sample size.
To demonstrate that this algorithm works well, we apply it to the quantum Monte
Carlo simulation of the Hubbard model away from half-filling on a
two-dimensional lattice of small size, and show that the numerical results
agree nicely with exact values.
