  The microcanonical statistical mechanics of a set of self-gravitating
particles is analyzed in mean-field approach. In order to deal with an upper
bounded entropy functional, a softened gravitational potential is used. The
softening is achieved by truncating to N terms an expansion of the Newtonian
potential in spherical Bessel functions. The order N is related to the
softening at short distances. This regularization has the remarkable property
that it allows for an exact solution of the mean field equation. It is found
that for N not too large the absolute maximum of the entropy coincides to high
accuracy with the solution of the Lane-Emden equation, which determines the
mean field mass distribution for the Newtonian potential for energies larger
than $E_c\approx -0.335 G M^2/R$. Below this energy a collapsing phase
transition, with negative specific heat, takes place. The dependence of this
result on the regularizing parameter N is discussed.
