  Misinformation and intergroup bias are two pathologies challenging informed
citizenship. This paper examines how identity language is used in
misinformation and debunking messages about controversial science on Chinese
digital public sphere, and their impact on how the public engage with science.
We collected an eight-year time series dataset of public discussion (N=6039) on
one of the most controversial science issues in China (GMO) from a popular Q&A
platform, Zhihu. We found that both misinformation and debunking messages use a
substantial amount of group identity languages when discussing the
controversial science issue, which we define as science factionalism --
discussion about science is divided by factions that are formed upon science
attitudes. We found that posts that use science factionalism receive more
digital votes and comments, even among the science-savvy community in China.
Science factionalism also increases the use of negativity in public discourse.
We discussed the implications of how science factionalism interacts with the
digital attention economy to affect public engagement with science
misinformation.
