  The neutrino mass hierarchy can be determined, in principle, by measuring a
phase in the disappearance oscillation probability in vacuum, without relying
on the matter effect, using a single channel. This phase is not the same for
the normal and inverted neutrino mass spectra. In this paper, we give a
complete description and physics understanding of the method. The key feature
of the method is to detect advancement (normal) or retardation (inverted) of
the phase of the atmospheric-scale oscillation relative to the solar-scale
oscillation. We then show that this method can be realized with the recently
proposed resonant $\bar{\nu}_{e}$ absorption reaction enhanced by M\"ossbauer
effect. The unique feature of this setup is the ultra-monochromaticity of the
observed \bar{\nu}_{e}'s. Because of this feature the phase advancement or
retardation of atmospheric-scale neutrino oscillation is detectable after 20 or
more oscillations if the source and the target are made sufficiently compact in
size. A quantitative estimate of the sensitivity to mass hierarchy resolution
is given. We have also examined how a possible continuation of such experiment
can be carried out in order also to achieve high precision (few %)
determination of the solar-scale oscillation parameters \Delta m^2_{21} and
\theta_{12}.
