  This preprint offers a detailed look, both qualitative and quantitative, at
districting with respect to recent voting patterns in one state: Pennsylvania.
We investigate how much the partisan playing field is tilted by political
geography. In particular we closely examine the role of scale. We find that
partisan-neutral maps rarely give seats proportional to votes, and that making
the district size smaller tends to make it even harder to find a proportional
map. This preprint was prepared as a chapter in the forthcoming edited volume
Political Geometry, an interdisciplinary collection of essays on redistricting.
(mggg.org/gerrybook)
