  Millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system for the
fifth generation (5G) cellular communications can also enable single-anchor
positioning and object tracking due to its large bandwidth and inherently high
angular resolution. In this paper, we introduce the newly invented concept,
large intelligent surface (LIS), to mmWave positioning systems, study the
theoretical performance bounds (i.e., Cram\'er-Rao lower bounds) for
positioning, and evaluate the impact of the number of LIS elements and the
value of phase shifters on the position estimation accuracy compared to the
conventional scheme with one direct link and one non-line-of-sight path. It is
verified that better performance can be achieved with a LIS from the
theoretical analyses and numerical study.
