  For heavy-ion synchrotrons an efficient Multi-Turn Injection (MTI) from the
injector linac is crucial in order to reach the specified currents using the
available machine acceptance. The beam loss during the MTI must not exceed the
limits determined by machine protection and by the vacuum requirements.
Especially for low energy and intermediate charge state ions, the beam loss at
the injection septum can cause a degradation of the vacuum and a corresponding
reduction of the beam lifetime. In order to optimize the injection of intense
beams a very detailed simulation model was developed. Besides the closed orbit
bump, lattice errors, the position of the septum and other aperture limiting
components the transverse space charge force is included self-consistently. The
space charge force causes a characteristic shift of the optimum tunes and a
smoothing of the phase space density.
