  Energy nonlinearity and resolution in liquid scintillator (LS) detectors are
correlated and particle-dependent. A unified energy response model for liquid
scintillator detectors has been presented in details. This model has advanced a
data-driven approach to calibrate the particle-dependent energy response, using
both the monoenergetic $\gamma$-ray sources and the continuous $\beta$ spectra
of $^\mathrm{12}\mathrm{B}$ and Michel $e^-$ induced by cosmic muons. Monte
Carlo studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and robustness of the
proposed model, in particular, the positron energy resolution can be extracted
in the absence of positron sources. This work will provide a feasible approach
of simultaneous calibration of energy nonlinearity and resolution for the
running and future LS detectors.
