  We present the first release of the Calar Alto CAFOS direct imaging data, a
project led by the Spanish Virtual Observatory with the goal of enhancing the
use of the Calar Alto archive by the astrophysics community. Data Release 1
contains 23903 reduced and astrometrically calibrated images taken from March
2008 to July 2019 with a median of the mean uncertainties in the astrometric
calibration of 0.04 arcsec. The catalogue associated to 6132 images in the
Sloan gris filters provides accurate astrometry and PSF calibrated photometry
for 139337 point-like detections corresponding to 21985 different sources
extracted from a selection of 2338 good-quality images. The mean internal
astrometric and photometric accuracies are 0.05 arcsec and 0.04 mag,
respectively In this work we describe the approach followed to process and
calibrate the images, and the construction of the associated catalogue,
together with the validation quality tests carried out. Finally, we present
three cases to prove the science capabilities of the catalogue: discovery and
identification of asteroids, identification of potential transients, and
identification of cool and ultracool dwarfs.
