  In the past few decades, artificial intelligence (AI) technology has
experienced swift developments, changing everyone's daily life and profoundly
altering the course of human society. The intention of developing AI is to
benefit humans, by reducing human labor, bringing everyday convenience to human
lives, and promoting social good. However, recent research and AI applications
show that AI can cause unintentional harm to humans, such as making unreliable
decisions in safety-critical scenarios or undermining fairness by inadvertently
discriminating against one group. Thus, trustworthy AI has attracted immense
attention recently, which requires careful consideration to avoid the adverse
effects that AI may bring to humans, so that humans can fully trust and live in
harmony with AI technologies.
  Recent years have witnessed a tremendous amount of research on trustworthy
AI. In this survey, we present a comprehensive survey of trustworthy AI from a
computational perspective, to help readers understand the latest technologies
for achieving trustworthy AI. Trustworthy AI is a large and complex area,
involving various dimensions. In this work, we focus on six of the most crucial
dimensions in achieving trustworthy AI: (i) Safety & Robustness, (ii)
Non-discrimination & Fairness, (iii) Explainability, (iv) Privacy, (v)
Accountability & Auditability, and (vi) Environmental Well-Being. For each
dimension, we review the recent related technologies according to a taxonomy
and summarize their applications in real-world systems. We also discuss the
accordant and conflicting interactions among different dimensions and discuss
potential aspects for trustworthy AI to investigate in the future.
