  Situated visualization has become an increasingly popular research area in
the visualization community, fueled by advancements in augmented reality (AR)
technology and immersive analytics. Visualizing data in spatial proximity to
their physical referents affords new design opportunities and considerations
not present in traditional visualization, which researchers are now beginning
to explore. However, the AR research community has an extensive history of
designing graphics that are displayed in highly physical contexts. In this
work, we leverage the richness of AR research and apply it to situated
visualization. We derive design patterns which summarize common approaches of
visualizing data in situ. The design patterns are based on a survey of 293
papers published in the AR and visualization communities, as well as our own
expertise. We discuss design dimensions that help to describe both our patterns
and previous work in the literature. This discussion is accompanied by several
guidelines which explain how to apply the patterns given the constraints
imposed by the real world. We conclude by discussing future research directions
that will help establish a complete understanding of the design of situated
visualization, including the role of interactivity, tasks, and workflows.
