  The present chapter reviews current neutron and x-ray scattering techniques
employed to elucidate the magnetic structures and spin dynamics of magnetic
materials. Both techniques provide measurements as a function of the energy and
the momentum transferred from the spin system to the probe particles, in terms
of five-dimensional data sets as a function of various thermodynamic fields at
the control of the experimenter. These scattering techniques yield fundamental
information about the equal-time correlations such the magnetic configuration
and symmetry, as well as the dynamics that determine the exchange interactions
for prototypical systems that behave as linear, planar, or three-dimensional
systems. Historically, neutron scattering has been the magnetic scattering
technique of choice for such investigations, but the extraordinary advances in
resonant x-ray scattering techniques have enable new types of magnetic
scattering measurements. The type of information obtained with the two
techniques is largely complementary and depends on the interests of the
investigators. We discuss these possibilities and provide numerous examples of
the techniques applied to different classes of magnetic systems.
