  Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) audiences have long complained about caption
qualities for many online videos created by individual content creators on
video-sharing platforms (e.g., YouTube). However, there lack explorations of
practices, challenges, and perceptions of online video captions from the
perspectives of both individual content creators and DHH audiences. In this
work, we first explore DHH audiences' feedback on and reactions to YouTube
video captions through interviews with 13 DHH individuals, and uncover DHH
audiences' experiences, challenges, and perceptions on watching videos created
by individual content creators (e.g., manually added caption tags could create
additional confidence and trust in caption qualities for DHH audiences). We
then discover individual content creators' practices, challenges, and
perceptions on captioning their videos (e.g., back-captioning problems) by
conducting a YouTube video analysis with 189 captioning-related YouTube videos,
followed by a survey with 62 individual content creators. Overall, our findings
provide an in-depth understanding of captions generated by individual content
creators and bridge the knowledge gap mutually between content creators and DHH
audiences on captions.
