  In this chapter, we discuss recent work on precision Earth laboratory tests
of different aspects of gravity. In particular the discussion is focused on
those tests that can be used to probe hypothesis for physics beyond Newtonian
gravity and General Relativity. The latter includes tests of foundations like
local Lorentz invariance, Weak-Equivalence Principle tests, short-range gravity
tests, gravimeter-type tests, and other frontier possibilities like the
free-fall of anti-matter and searches for non-Riemann gravity effects. The
focus is on key results in theory, phenomenology, and experiment in the last
few decades. We describe the motivations for continued interest in precision
tests of gravity in the laboratory, including the possibility to search for
physics beyond General Relativity. Test frameworks for describing deviations
from General Relativity are emphasized, including ones based on effective field
theory, allowing for generic violations of Lorentz symmetry, CPT symmetry, and
diffeomorphism symmetry.
