  The advent of quantum computing poses a profound threat to traditional
cryptographic systems, exposing vulnerabilities that compromise the security of
digital communication channels reliant on RSA, ECC, and similar classical
encryption methods. Quantum algorithms, notably Shor's algorithm, exploit the
inherent computational power of quantum computers to efficiently solve
mathematical problems underlying these cryptographic schemes. In response,
post-quantum cryptography (PQC) emerged as a critical field aimed at developing
resilient cryptographic algorithms impervious to quantum attacks. This paper
delineates the vulnerabilities of classical cryptographic systems to quantum
attacks, elucidates the principles of quantum computing, and introduces various
PQC algorithms such as lattice-based cryptography, code-based cryptography,
hash-based cryptography, and multivariate polynomial cryptography. Highlighting
the importance of PQC in securing digital communication amidst quantum
computing advancements, this research underscores its pivotal role in
safeguarding data integrity, confidentiality, and authenticity in the face of
emerging quantum threats.
