  Single particle tracking systems monitor cellular processes with great
accuracy in nano-biological systems. The emissions of the fluorescent molecules
are detected with cameras or photodetectors. However, state-of-the-art imaging
systems have challenges in the detection capability, collection and analysis of
imaging data, penetration depth and complicated set-ups. In this article, a
\textit{signaling based nanoscale acousto-optic radar and microfluidic particle
tracking system} is proposed based on the theoretical design providing
nanoscale optical modulator with vibrating F{\"{o}}rster resonance energy
transfer (VFRET) and vibrating CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) on graphene
resonators. The modulator structure combines the significant advantages of
graphene membranes having wideband resonance frequencies with QDs having broad
absorption spectrum and tunable properties. The solution denoted by chirp
spread spectrum (CSS) Tag (\textit{CSSTag}) utilizes classical radar target
tracking approaches in nanoscale environments based on the capability to
generate CSS sequences to identify different bio-particles. Numerical and
Monte-Carlo simulations are realized showing the significant performance for
multiple particle tracking (MPT) with a modulator of $10 \, \mu$m $\times$ $10
\, \mu$m $\times$ $10 \, \mu$m dimension and several picograms of weight,
signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the range $-7$ dB to $10$ dB and high speed
tracking capability for microfluidic and in-body environments.
