  Reducing wealth inequality and increasing utility are critical issues. This
study reveals the effects of redistribution and consumption morals on wealth
inequality and utility. To this end, we present a novel approach that couples
the dynamic model of capital, consumption, and utility in macroeconomics with
the interaction model of joint business and redistribution in econophysics.
With this approach, we calculate the capital (wealth), the utility based on
consumption, and the Gini index of these inequality using redistribution and
consumption thresholds as moral parameters. The results show that:
under-redistribution and waste exacerbate inequality; conversely,
over-redistribution and stinginess reduce utility; and a balanced moderate
moral leads to achieve both reduced inequality and increased utility. These
findings provide renewed economic and numerical support for the moral
importance known from philosophy, anthropology, and religion. The revival of
redistribution and consumption morals should promote the transformation to a
human mutual-aid economy, as indicated by philosopher and anthropologist,
instead of the capitalist economy that has produced the current inequality. The
practical challenge is to implement bottom-up social business, on a foothold of
worker coops and platform cooperatives as a community against the state and the
market, with moral consensus and its operation.
