  Recent years have seen both a revival of space programs, mostly propelled by
private industry's increasing interest, but also the emergence of strong
resistance to human space activities on several levels. This is partly a
manifestation of a wider counter-Enlightenment Zeitgeist, as detectable in
other sectors of public life in the West, and partly a reaction against the
widespread engagement of the private sector. While it still does not dominate
the discourse on space issues, space skepticism is surprisingly wide-ranging
and decentralized phenomenon, gathering together heterogeneous strands of
thought from pro-Enlightenment liberals to rabid "deep ecology" activists to
philosophical pessimists to antiglobalists of all colors. There has been
precious little in way of actively opposing this cultural trend so far,
however. While space engineers and entrepreneurs conduct their "business as
usual", there are plethora of risks hidden in this cultural climate, esp. if
one adopts much repeated (and rarely adequately understood) maxim that
"politics is downstream of culture." The present article will review major
strands of thought within this big tent cultural movement, offer plausible
counter-arguments to space skeptics, and outline important cultural and
public-outreach work which needs to be done to balance the scales.
