  Tile assembly systems in the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) are
computationally universal and capable of building complex shapes, but DNA-based
implementations encounter formidable error rates that stifle this theoretical
potential. Slat-based self-assembly is a recent development wherein DNA forms
long slats that combine together in 2 layers, rather than the aTAM's square
tiles in a plane. While tiles tend to bind to 2 neighboring tiles at a time,
slats may bind to dozens of other slats. Large slat-based DNA constructions
have been implemented in the lab with incredible resilience to many of the
errors that plague tile-based constructions, but these come at a cost as
slat-based systems are often more difficult to design and simulate. Also, it
has not been clear if slats, with their larger sizes and different geometries,
have the same theoretical capabilities as tiles. Here we show that slats do, at
least at scale. We give constructions showing that any aTAM system may be
simulated by a system of slats and that these can be made more efficiently,
using shorter slats and a smaller scale factor, when simulating simpler classes
of systems. We consider 5 classes of aTAM systems with increasing complexity,
from zig-zag systems to the full class of all aTAM systems, and show how they
can be converted to equivalent slat systems. Zig-zag systems can be simulated
by slats at only a $2c \times 2c$ scale (where $c$ is the freely chosen
cooperativity of the slats), the full class of aTAM systems at only a $5c
\times 5c$ scale, and intermediate classes using scales between these.
Together, these results prove that slats have the full theoretical power of
aTAM tiles while providing constructions compact enough to potentially provide
designs for DNA-based implementations of slat systems that are both capable of
powerful algorithmic self-assembly and possessing the strong error resilience
of slats.
