  Practical challenges in simulating quantum systems on classical computers
have been widely recognized in the quantum physics and quantum chemistry
communities over the past century. Although many approximation methods have
been introduced, the complexity of quantum mechanics remains hard to appease.
The advent of quantum computation brings new pathways to navigate this
challenging complexity landscape. By manipulating quantum states of matter and
taking advantage of their unique features such as superposition and
entanglement, quantum computers promise to efficiently deliver accurate results
for many important problems in quantum chemistry such as the electronic
structure of molecules. In the past two decades significant advances have been
made in developing algorithms and physical hardware for quantum computing,
heralding a revolution in simulation of quantum systems. This article is an
overview of the algorithms and results that are relevant for quantum chemistry.
The intended audience is both quantum chemists who seek to learn more about
quantum computing, and quantum computing researchers who would like to explore
applications in quantum chemistry.
