  In this work, a novel optimal scheduling approach is proposed for isolated
microgrids (MGs) with renewable generations by incorporating demand response of
electric vehicles (EVs). First, a bi-level programming-based MG scheduling
model is proposed under real-time pricing environments, where the upper- and
lower- levels seek to minimize the MG net operating cost and the EV charging
cost. Second, a hybrid solution algorithm called JAYA-interior point method is
put forward to solve the model. And finally, the simulation results demonstrate
that incorporating demand response of electric vehicles is able to guide EV
users to actively participate in MG scheduling and achieve the peak load
shaving, which offers a fundamental way to balance the interests between MG and
EV users.
