  We present here a detailed granular flow characterization together with force
measurements for the quasi-bidimensional situation of a horizontal cylinder
penetrating vertically at a constant velocity in dry granular matter between
two parallel glass walls. In the velocity range studied here, the drag force on
the cylinder does not depend on the velocity V_0 and is mainly proportional to
the cylinder diameter d. Whereas the force on the cylinder increases with its
penetration depth, the granular velocity profile around the cylinder is found
stationary with fluctuations around a mean value leading to the granular
temperature profile. Both mean velocity profile and temperature profile exhibit
strong localization near the cylinder. The mean flow perturbation induced by
the cylinder decreases exponentially away from the cylinder on a characteristic
length \lambda, that is mainly governed by the cylinder diameter for large
enough cylinder/grain size ratio d/d_g: \lambda ~ d/4 + 2d_g. The granular
temperature exhibits a constant plateau value T_0 in a thin layer close to the
cylinder of extension \delta_{T_0} ~ \lambda/2 and decays exponentially far
away with a characteristic length \lambda_T of a few grain diameters (\lambda_T
~ 3d_g). The granular temperature plateau T_0 that scales as (V_0^2 d_g/d) is
created by the flow itself from the balance between the "granular heat"
production by the shear rate V_0/\lambda over \delta_{T_0} close to the
cylinder and the granular dissipation far away.
