  The algebraic structures known as {\it Leavitt path algebras} were initially
developed in 2004 by Ara, Moreno and Pardo, and almost simultaneously (using a
different approach) by the author and Aranda Pino.
  During the intervening decade, these algebras have attracted significant
interest and attention, not only from ring theorists, but from analysts working
in C$^*$-algebras, group theorists, and symbolic dynamicists as well. The goal
of this article is threefold: to introduce the notion of Leavitt path algebras
to the general mathematical community; to present some of the important results
in the subject; and to describe some of the field's currently unresolved
questions.
