  We present the results of a first search for self-annihilating dark matter in
nearby galaxies and galaxy clusters using a sample of high-energy neutrinos
acquired in 339.8 days of live time during 2009/10 with the IceCube neutrino
observatory in its 59-string configuration. The targets of interest include the
Virgo and Coma galaxy clusters, the Andromeda galaxy, and several dwarf
galaxies. We obtain upper limits on the cross section as a function of the
weakly interacting massive particle mass between 300 GeV and 100 TeV for the
annihilation into b bbar, W+W-, \tau+\tau-, \mu+\mu-, and \nu \nu bar. A limit
derived for the Virgo cluster, when assuming a large effect from subhalos,
challenges the weak interacting massive particle interpretation of a recently
observed GeV positron excess in cosmic rays.
