  Emerging new applications demand the current Internet to provide new
functionalities. Although many future Internet architectures and protocols have
been proposed to fulfill such needs, ISPs have been reluctant to deploy many of
these architectures. We believe technical issues are not the main reasons as
many of these new proposals are technically sound. In this paper, we take an
economic perspective and seek to answer: Why most new Internet architectures
failed to be deployed? How to enhance the deployability of a new architecture?
We develop a game-theoretic model to characterize the outcome of an
architecture's deployment through the equilibrium of ISPs' decisions. This
model enables us to: (1) analyze several key factors of the deployability of a
new architecture such as the number of critical ISPs and the change of routing
path; (2) explain the deploying outcomes of some previously proposed
architectures/protocols such as IPv6, DiffServ, CDN, etc., and shed light on
the "Internet flattening phenomenon"; (3) predict the deployability of a new
architecture such as NDN, and compare its deployability with competing
architectures. Our study suggests that the difficulty to deploy a new Internet
architecture comes from the "coordination" of distributed ISPs. Finally, we
design a coordination mechanism to enhance the deployability of new
architectures.
