  Over the past thirty years, logistics has undergone tremendous change from a
purely operational performance that led to sales or production and focused on
securing supply and delivery lines to customers, with the transformation of
intelligent technologies into a professional operator. In today's world, the
fourth generation of industry has forced companies to rethink how their supply
chain is designed. In this case, in addition to the need for adaptation, supply
chains also have the opportunity to reach operational horizons, use emerging
digital supply chain business models, and transform the company into a digital
supply chain. One of the transformational technologies that has had a
tremendous impact on the supply chain in this regard is IoT technology. This
technology, as one of the largest sources of data production, can facilitate
supply chain processes in all its dimensions. However, due to the presence of
the Internet and the location of supply chain components in the context of
information networks, this digital supply chain always faces major challenges.
Therefore, in this paper, an attempt was made to examine and prioritize the
most important challenges of implementing a supply chain 0/4 using a nonlinear
hierarchical analysis method. In order to investigate these challenges, the
opinions of experts active in the supply chain of Fast-moving consumer goods
industries (FMCG) were used as a case study as well as some academic
experts.The results show that the lack of technological infrastructure and
security challenges are the most important challenges of implementing supply
chain 0/4 in the era of digital developments, which should be given special
attention for a successful implementation.
