  Data-driven models for audio source separation such as U-Net or Wave-U-Net
are usually models dedicated to and specifically trained for a single task,
e.g. a particular instrument isolation. Training them for various tasks at once
commonly results in worse performances than training them for a single
specialized task. In this work, we introduce the Conditioned-U-Net (C-U-Net)
which adds a control mechanism to the standard U-Net. The control mechanism
allows us to train a unique and generic U-Net to perform the separation of
various instruments. The C-U-Net decides the instrument to isolate according to
a one-hot-encoding input vector. The input vector is embedded to obtain the
parameters that control Feature-wise Linear Modulation (FiLM) layers. FiLM
layers modify the U-Net feature maps in order to separate the desired
instrument via affine transformations. The C-U-Net performs different
instrument separations, all with a single model achieving the same performances
as the dedicated ones at a lower cost.
