  Quantum computers based on gate-defined quantum dots (QDs) are expected to
scale. However, as the number of qubits increases, the burden of manually
calibrating these systems becomes unreasonable and autonomous tuning must be
used. There has been a range of recent demonstrations of automated tuning of
various QD parameters such as coarse gate ranges, global state topology (e.g.
single QD, double QD), charge, and tunnel coupling with a variety of methods.
Here, we demonstrate an intuitive, reliable, and data-efficient set of tools
for an automated global state and charge tuning in a framework deemed
physics-informed tuning (PIT). The first module of PIT is an action-based
algorithm that combines a machine learning classifier with physics knowledge to
navigate to a target global state. The second module uses a series of
one-dimensional measurements to tune to a target charge state by first emptying
the QDs of charge, followed by calibrating capacitive couplings and navigating
to the target charge state. The success rate for the action-based tuning
consistently surpasses 95 % on both simulated and experimental data suitable
for off-line testing. The success rate for charge setting is comparable when
testing with simulated data, at 95.5(5.4) %, and only slightly worse for
off-line experimental tests, with an average of 89.7(17.4) % (median 97.5 %).
It is noteworthy that the high performance is demonstrated both on data from
samples fabricated in an academic cleanroom as well as on an industrial 300 mm}
process line, further underlining the device agnosticism of PIT. Together,
these tests on a range of simulated and experimental devices demonstrate the
effectiveness and robustness of PIT.
