  Digital Twin in construction and the built environment have started to
attract the attention of researchers and practitioners in recent times. Its
anticipated value proposition is focussed on its capability of generating new
understanding and insights into an asset at all stages of its life cycle,
exploiting diverse data sets from a multitude of sources and professions, in
real or near real-time. However, there is still a significant debate about the
delineation (i.e. communalities and differences) between digital twin and other
related concepts, particularly Building Information Modelling (BIM) and
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). To date, this debate has been confined to social
media discussions, insights blogs and position papers. This paper addresses
this challenge using a systematic review. The aim is to investigate
communalities and differences between the three concepts, Digital Twin, BIM and
CPS. The results of this paper are expected to foster the discussion around
this theme within construction and the built environment.
