  We introduce a one-dimensional system of fermionic atoms in an optical
lattice whose phase diagram includes topological states of different symmetry
classes. These states can be identified by their zero-energy edge modes which
are Majorana fermions. We propose several universal methods of detecting the
Majorana edge states, based on their genuine features: zero-energy, localized
character of the wave functions, and induced non-local fermionic correlations.
