  Under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure, it is believed that
quarks and gluons (particles that mediate the interaction between quarks) can
be "free" in a given volume. This hypothetical phase of matter is called plasma
of quarks and gluons, QGP for its acronym in English. It is speculated that it
existed in the first moments after the \textit{Big Bang} and that it exists
inside N\^eutron stars due to the enormous energy density in these places.
These conditions of very high temperature and energy density can be reproduced
in the laboratory with the collision of heavy ions in an ultra-relativistic
regime in accelerators such as the RHIC and the LHC. However, due to the
extremely short duration of the QGP phase after the collision, we were unable
to directly observe the plasma, only the so-called \textit{final observables},
such as the particles generated by this set of quarks, gluons and energy and
the distribution of momentum of these particles. Therefore, mathematical
modeling is an essential tool in understanding the behavior of the system, for
example, to have an idea of the value of viscosities in this phase.
