  A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) uses a constellation of
satellites around the earth for accurate navigation, timing, and positioning.
Natural phenomena like space weather introduce irregularities in the Earth's
ionosphere, disrupting the propagation of the radio signals that GNSS relies
upon. Such disruptions affect both the amplitude and the phase of the
propagated waves. No physics-based model currently exists to predict the time
and location of these disruptions with sufficient accuracy and at relevant
scales. In this paper, we focus on predicting the phase fluctuations of GNSS
radio waves, known as phase scintillations. We propose a novel architecture and
loss function to predict 1 hour in advance the magnitude of phase
scintillations within a time window of plus-minus 5 minutes with
state-of-the-art performance.
