  Wireless communication is rapidly evolving, and future wireless
communications (6G and beyond) will be more heterogeneous, multi-layered, and
complex, which poses challenges to traditional communications. Adaptive
technologies in traditional communication systems respond to environmental
changes by modifying system parameters and structures on their own and are not
flexible and agile enough to satisfy requirements in future communications. To
tackle these challenges, we propose a novel self-evolving communication
framework, which consists of three layers: data layer, information layer, and
knowledge layer. The first two layers allow communication systems to sense
environments, fuse data, and generate a knowledge base for the knowledge layer.
When dealing with a variety of application scenarios and environments, the
generated knowledge is subsequently fed back to the first two layers for
communication in practical application scenarios to obtain self-evolving
ability and enhance the robustness of the system. In this paper, we first
highlight the limitations of current adaptive communication systems and the
need for intelligence, automation, and self-evolution in future wireless
communications. We overview the development of self-evolving technologies and
conceive the concept of self-evolving communications with its hypothetical
architecture. To demonstrate the power of self-evolving modules, we compare the
performances of a communication system with and without evolution. We then
provide some potential techniques that enable self-evolving communications and
challenges in implementing them.
