  Neutrinos from supernovae (SNe) are crucial probes of explosive phenomena at
the deaths of massive stars and neutrino physics. High-energy neutrinos are
produced through hadronic processes by cosmic rays, which are accelerated
during interaction between the supernova (SN) ejecta and circumstellar material
(CSM). Recent observations of extragalactic SNe have revealed that a dense CSM
is commonly expelled by the progenitor star. We provide new quantitative
predictions of time-dependent high-energy neutrino emission from diverse types
of SNe. We show that IceCube and KM3Net can detect about 1000 events from a SN
II-P (and about 300000 events from a SN IIn) at a distance of 10 kpc. The new
model also enables us to critically optimize the time window for dedicated
searches for nearby SNe. A successful detection will give us a multienergy
neutrino view of SN physics and new opportunities to study neutrino properties,
as well as clues to the cosmic-ray origin. GeV-TeV neutrinos may also be seen
by KM3Net, Hyper-Kamiokande, and PINGU.
