  After some general remarks about the interrelation between philosophical and
statistical thinking, the discussion centres largely on significance tests.
These are defined as the calculation of $p$-values rather than as formal
procedures for ``acceptance'' and ``rejection.'' A number of types of null
hypothesis are described and a principle for evidential interpretation set out
governing the implications of $p$-values in the specific circumstances of each
application, as contrasted with a long-run interpretation. A variety of more
complicated situations are discussed in which modification of the simple
$p$-value may be essential.
