  Electrical energy is considered as a fundamental parameter for inclusion in
Fermi gas theory, in addition to thermal energy. It is argued that electrical
energy can move some electrons to above the Fermi Level, providing free charges
to carry the electrical current, even at absolute zero temperature. The Drude
model, Ohm's law, quantum resistance, and the electrical resistivity due to
electron-electron scattering appear naturally as a consequence of the
theoretical description, which is based on the quantization of the angular
momentum and the Fermi-Dirac distribution, considering total energy as
${\epsilon}$ = k$_B$$T$ + ${\Phi}_0$$I$. The electrical and magnetic forces
acting on an electron are related to the ratio between the Fermi velocity and
the speed of light and show that the electron motion is due to helical paths.
Considering the center of mass description for the Bohr atom, it was possible
to show that the magnetic force is related to the electrical force as $F_M$ =
(${\alpha}$/${\pi}$) $F_E$, which demonstrates that the electrons move in
helical paths along the orbit. The helical motion naturally provides for
quantization of the magnetic flux, the spin of the electron, and the first
correction term of the anomalous magnetic moment. Applying the model to
describe the electron-electron scattering allows prediction of the behavior of
the electrical resistivity of many metals at low temperatures, which is in
excellent agreement with empirical observations.
