  We present a comprehensive theory of the spectra and atmospheres of
irradiated extrasolar giant planets. We explore the dependences on stellar
type, orbital distance, cloud characteristics, planet mass, and surface
gravity. Phase-averaged spectra for specific known extrasolar giant planets
that span a wide range of the relevant parameters are calculated, plotted, and
discussed. The connection between atmospheric composition and emergent spectrum
is explored in detail. Furthermore, we calculate the effect of stellar
insolation on brown dwarfs. We review a variety of representative observational
techniques and programs for their potential for direct detection, in light of
our theoretical expectations, and we calculate planet-to-star flux ratios as a
function of wavelength. Our results suggest which spectral features are most
diagnostic of giant planet atmospheres and reveal the best bands in which to
image planets of whatever physical or orbital characteristics.
