  We present results of self-consistent, full-potential electronic structure
calculations for slabs of hexagonal graphite with stacking faults and for slabs
with one displaced surface layer. There are two types of stacking faults, which
differ qualitatively in their chemical bonding picture. We find, that both
types induce localized interface bands near the symmetry line K-M in the
Brillouin zone and a related peak in the local density of states (LDOS) very
close to the Fermi energy, which should give rise to a dominating contribution
of the interface bands to the local conductivity at the stacking faults. In
contrast, a clean surface does not host any surface bands in the energy range
of the pi and sigma bands, and the LDOS near the surface is even depleted. On
the other hand, displacement of even one single surface layer induces a surface
band near K-M. A special role play p_z-bonded dimers (directed perpendicular to
the layers) in the vicinity of one type of stacking faults. They produce a
half-filled pair of interface states / interface resonances. The formation
energy of both types of stacking faults and the surface energy are estimated.
