  This is part I of a two-part review of charm physics.
  After briefly recapitulating the history of the charm quantum number we
sketch the experimental environments and instruments employed to study the
behaviour of charm hadrons and then describe the theoretical tools for treating
charm dynamics. After discussing a wide range of inclusive production processes
we analyze the spectroscopy of hadrons with hidden and open charm and the weak
lifetimes of charm mesons and baryons.
  In part II we shall address exclusive charm decays, $D^0 - \bar D^0$
oscillations and CP violation.
  This review is meant to be both a pedagogical introduction for the young
scholar and a useful reference for the experienced researcher. We aim for a
complete description of the fundamental features while providing a guide
through the literature for purely technical issues.
