  Influence of associative delusions (AD) onto development of physics and
mathematics is investigated. The associative delusion (AD) means a mistake,
appearing from incorrect associations, when a property of one object is
attributed to another one. Examples of most ancient delusions are: (1)
connection of the gravitation field direction with a preferred direction in
space (instead of the direction towards the Earth centre), that had lead to the
antipode paradox, (2) statement that the Earth (not the Sun) is the centre of
the planetary system, that had lead to the Ptolemaic doctrine. Now these ADs
have been overcame. In the paper one considers four modern and not yet got over
ADs, whose corollaries are false space-time geometry in the micro world and
most of problems and difficulties of the quantum field theory (QFT). One shows
that ADs have a series of interesting properties: (1) ADs appear to be
long-living delusions, because they are compensated partly by means of
introduction of compensating (Ptolemaic) conceptions, (2) ADs influence on
scientific investigations, generating a special pragmatic style (P-style) of
investigations resembling experimental trial and error method, (3) acting on
investigations directly and via P-style, ADs direct the science development
into a blind alley. One considers concrete properties of modern ADs and the
methods of their overcoming. From viewpoint of application the paper is an
analysis of mistakes, made in the quantum theory development. One analyses
reasons of these mistakes and suggests methods of their correction.
