  Let $\rho(G)$ be the spectral radius of a graph $G$ with $m$ edges. Let
$S_{m-k+1}^{k}$ be the graph obtained from $K_{1,m-k}$ by adding $k$ disjoint
edges within its independent set. Nosal's theorem states that if
$\rho(G)>\sqrt{m}$, then $G$ contains a triangle. Zhai and Shu showed that any
non-bipartite graph $G$ with $m\geq26$ and
$\rho(G)\geq\rho(S_{m}^{1})>\sqrt{m-1}$ contains a quadrilateral unless $G\cong
S_{m}^{1}$ [M.Q. Zhai, J.L. Shu, Discrete Math. 345 (2022) 112630]. Wang proved
that if $\rho(G)\geq\sqrt{m-1}$ for a graph $G$ with size $m\geq27$, then $G$
contains a quadrilateral unless $G$ is one of four exceptional graphs [Z.W.
Wang, Discrete Math. 345 (2022) 112973]. In this paper, we show that any
non-bipartite graph $G$ with size $m\geq51$ and
$\rho(G)\geq\rho(S_{m-1}^{2})>\sqrt{m-2}$ contains a quadrilateral unless $G$
is one of three exceptional graphs. Moreover, we show that if
$\rho(G)\geq\rho(S_{\frac{m+4}{2},2}^{-})$ for a graph $G$ with even size
$m\geq74$, then $G$ contains a $C_{5}^{+}$ unless $G\cong
S_{\frac{m+4}{2},2}^{-}$, where $C_{t}^{+}$ denotes the graph obtained from
$C_{t}$ and $C_{3}$ by identifying an edge, $S_{n,k}$ denotes the graph
obtained by joining each vertex of $K_{k}$ to $n-k$ isolated vertices and
$S_{n,k}^{-}$ denotes the graph obtained by deleting an edge incident to a
vertex of degree two, respectively.
