  We initiate the treatment of KMS states on uniform Roe algebras
$\mathrm{C}^*_u(X)$ for a class of naturally occurring flows on these algebras.
We show that KMS states on $\mathrm{C}^*_u(X)$ always factor through the
diagonal operators $\ell_\infty(X)$. We show the study of those states splits
into understanding their strongly continuous KMS states and the KMS states
which vanish on the ideal of compact operators. We show strongly continuous
states are always unique when they exist and we give explicit formulas for
them. We link the study of KMS states which vanish on the compacts to the
Higson corona of $X$ and provide lower bounds for the cardinality of the set of
extreme KMS states. Lastly, we apply our theory to the $n$-branching tree.
