  Variations of the azimuthal magnetic fields of the Sun in the 23-25 activity
cycles of the activity cycles are considered. To identify azimuthal magnetic
fields, the analysis of daily observations of LOS magnetic fields from the
regions near the solar limb was performed. It is shown that with a sufficiently
large averaging of the data, large-scale structures are distinguished that can
be interpreted by horizontal magnetic fields directed along the East-West line.
Azimuthal magnetic fields are visible both in the low-latitude zone and at high
latitudes. Azimuthal fields at the same latitudes have opposite directions in
the northern and southern hemispheres, and also change sign in even and odd
cycles of activity. The mechanism of formation of global azimuthal magnetic
fields and their role in the cycle of solar activity is discussed. The
near-surface azimuthal magnetic field is closely related to the activity cycle.
Apparently, the azimuthal field is formed from U-shaped flux tubes of active
regions (AR). Due to the presence of the tilt angle AR during differential
rotation, the subsurface magnetic fields are pulled in the azimuthal direction.
The role of azimuthal magnetic fields in solar activity cycles is considered. A
scheme for generating a magnetic field according to a scheme different from
Babcock-Leighton dynamo models is proposed.
