  The current study investigated the presence of different anxiety profiles in
schoolchildren in order to understand whether Mathematics and Test Anxiety are
a manifestation of a general form of anxiety, or the expression of specific
forms of anxiety. Moreover, we also examined the influence of personal
protective factors. The results of a latent profile analysis, conducted on 664
children attending grades 3 to 6, clearly identified three different profiles
distinguished on the basis of the level of general, test and mathematics
anxiety. Protective factors, such as self concept and resilience, were
differently related to anxiety: The former was clearly lower when the risk
profile was higher, whereas students were able to maintain a certain level of
resilience up to an average risk of developing forms of anxiety. The
implications of these findings may lead to the development of specific
intervention programs aimed at reducing students' anxiety and fostering self
concept and resilience.
