  As of July, 2020, acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus COVID-19
is spreading over the world and causing severe economic damages. While
minimizing human contact is effective in managing the outbreak, it causes
severe economic losses. Strategies solving this dilemma by considering
interrelation between the spread of the virus and economic activities are in
urgent needs for mitigating the health and economic damage. Here we propose an
abstract agent-based model for the outbreak of COVID-19 in which economic
activities are taken into account. The computational simulation of the model
recapitulated the trade-off between health and economic damage associated with
lockdown measures. Based on the simulation results, we discuss how macroscopic
dynamics of infection and economy emerge from the individuals' behaviours. We
believe our model can serve as a platform for discussing solutions to the
abovementioned dilemma.
