  Davis (2008) analyzes citations from 2004-2007 in 11 biomedical journals. 15%
of authors paid to make them Open Access (OA). The outcome is a significant OA
citation Advantage, but a small one (21%). The author infers that the OA
advantage has been shrinking yearly, but the data suggest the opposite. Further
analyses are necessary:
  (1) Not just author-choice (paid) OA but Free OA self-archiving needs to be
taken into account rather than being counted as non-OA.
  (2) proportion of OA articles per journal per year needs to be reported and
taken into account.
  (3) The Journal Impact Factor and the relation between the size of the OA
Advantage article 'citation-bracket' need to be taken into account.
  (4) The sample-size for the highest-impact, largest-sample journal analyzed,
PNAS, is restricted and excluded from some of the analyses. The full PNAS
dataset is needed.
  (5) The interaction between OA and time, 2004-2007, is based on retrospective
data from a June 2008 total cumulative citation count. The dates of both the
cited articles and the citing articles need to be taken into account.
  The author proposes that author self-selection bias for is the primary cause
of the observed OA Advantage, but this study does not test this or of any of
the other potential causal factors. The author suggests that paid OA is not
worth the cost, per extra citation. But with OA self-archiving both the OA and
the extra citations are free.
