  Shape memory structures are playing an important role in many cutting-edge
intelligent fields. However, the existing technologies can only realize 4D
printing of a single polymer or metal, which limits practical applications.
Here, we report a construction strategy for TSMP/M heterointerface, which uses
Pd2+-containing shape memory polymer (AP-SMR) to induce electroless plating
reaction and relies on molecular dynamics, which has both shape memory
properties and metal activity and information processing power. Through
multi-material DLP 3D printing technology, the interface can be 3D selectively
programmed on functional substrate parts of arbitrary shapes to become 4D
electronic smart devices (Robotics). Microscopically, this type of interface
appears as a composite structure with a nanometer-micrometer interface height,
which is composed of a pure substrate layer (smart materials), an intermediate
layer (a composite structure in which metal particles are embedded in a polymer
cross-linked network) and a pure metal layer. The structure programmed by
TSMP/M heterointerface exhibits both SMA characteristics and metal properties,
thus having more intelligent functions (electroactive, electrothermal
deformation, electronically controlled denaturation) and higher performance
(selectivity of shape memory structures can be realized control, remote
control, inline control and low voltage control). This is expected to provide a
more flexible manufacturing process as platform technology for designing,
manufacturing and applying smart devices with new concepts, and promote the
development of cutting-edge industries such as smart robots and smart
electronics.
