  Spin Hall Effect is relativistic quantum mechanical effect which enables
non-magnetic materials show magnetic phenomena without the application of a
magnetic field. With spin Hall Effect, one can realize spintronics devices
operating purely on electrical and optical means and eliminate the use of
ferromagnets which have associated fringe fields. In this review article, we
present the experimental developments and current understanding of the Spin
Hall Effect Phenomena. We discuss various experiments as well as device
structures which employ electrical, optical or both techniques to demonstrate
Spin Hall effect. Most of these devices structures are simple and easy to
fabricate in modern laboratories.
