  To understand applications' memory usage details, engineers use instrumented
builds and profiling tools. Both approaches are impractical for use in
production environments or deployed mobile applications. As a result,
developers can gather only high-level memory-related statistics for deployed
software. In our experience, the lack of granular field data makes fixing
performance and reliability-related defects complex and time-consuming. The
software industry needs lightweight solutions to collect detailed data about
applications' memory usage to increase developer productivity. Current research
into memory attribution-related data structures, techniques, and tools is in
the early stages and enables several new research avenues.
