  The concept of intelligent software is flawed. The behaviour of software is
determined by the hardware that "interprets" it. This undermines claims
regarding the behaviour of theorised, software superintelligence. Here we
characterise this problem as "computational dualism", where instead of mental
and physical substance, we have software and hardware. We argue that to make
objective claims regarding performance we must avoid computational dualism. We
propose a pancomputational alternative wherein every aspect of the environment
is a relation between irreducible states. We formalise systems as behaviour
(inputs and outputs), and cognition as embodied, embedded, extended and
enactive. The result is cognition formalised as a part of the environment,
rather than as a disembodied policy interacting with the environment through an
interpreter. This allows us to make objective claims regarding intelligence,
which we argue is the ability to "generalise", identify causes and adapt. We
then establish objective upper bounds for intelligent behaviour. This suggests
AGI will be safer, but more limited, than theorised.
