  The COVID-19 pandemic began over two years ago, yet schools, businesses, and
other organizations are still struggling to keep the risk of disease outbreak
low while returning to (near) normal functionality. Observations from these
past years suggest that this goal can be achieved through the right balance of
mitigation strategies, which may include some combination of mask use,
vaccinations, viral testing, and contact tracing. The choice of mitigation
measures will be uniquely based on the needs and available resources of each
organization. This article presents practical guidance for creating these
policies based on an analytical model of disease spread that captures the
combined effects of each of these interventions. The resulting guidance is
tested through simulation across a wide range of parameters and used to discuss
the spread of disease on college campuses.
