  We report on the implementation of a quantum process tomography (QPT)
technique known as direct characterization of quantum dynamics (DCQD) applied
on coherent and incoherent single- qubit processes in a system of trapped
calcium 40 ions. Using quantum correlations with an ancilla qubit, DCQD reduces
exponentially the number of experimental configurations required for standard
QPT. With this technique, the system's relaxation times T1 and T2 were measured
with a single experimental configuration. We further show the first complete
characterization of single-qubit processes using a single generalized
measurement realized through multi-body correlations with three ancilla qubits.
