  In order to improve the key rate of the decoy-state method, we need to
jointly study yields of different bases. Given the delicate fact that pulses of
the same preparation state can have different counting rates if they are
measured in different bases, for example, those vacuum pulses and those
single-photon pulses, existing results of decoy-state quantum key distribution
using biased bases are actually flawed by assuming that they are equal. We fix
this flaw through using the idea that yields of pulses prepared in different
bases are same provided that they are prepared in the same state and also they
are measured in the same basis, for example, those single-photon pulses
prepared in different bases but measured in the same basis. Based on this, we
present correct formulas for the decoy-state method using biased bases. Taking
the effects of statistical fluctuations into account, we then numerically study
the key rates of different protocols with all parameters being fully optimized.
Our result confirms the prior art conclusion that decoy-state method using
biased bases can have advantage to the symmetric protocol with unbiased bases.
We obtain high key rates of our 4-intensity protocol (two in X bases and two in
Z bases) without using any vacuum source.
