  Estimating vehicles' locations is one of the key components in intelligent
traffic management systems (ITMSs) for increasing traffic scene awareness.
Traditionally, stationary sensors have been employed in this regard. The
development of advanced sensing and communication technologies on modern
vehicles (MVs) makes it feasible to use such vehicles as mobile sensors to
estimate the traffic data of observed vehicles. This study aims to explore the
capabilities of a monocular camera mounted on an MV in order to estimate the
geolocation of the observed vehicle in a global positioning system (GPS)
coordinate system. We proposed a new methodology by integrating deep learning,
image processing, and geometric computation to address the observed-vehicle
localization problem. To evaluate our proposed methodology, we developed new
algorithms and tested them using real-world traffic data. The results indicated
that our proposed methodology and algorithms could effectively estimate the
observed vehicle's latitude and longitude dynamically.
