  High-energy muons generated from cosmic-ray particle showers have been shown
to exhibit properties ideal for imaging the interior of large structures. This
paper explores the possibility of using a single portable muon detector in
conjunction with image reconstruction methods used in nuclear medicine to
reconstruct a 3D image of the interior of critical infrastructure such as the
Zero Energy Deuterium (ZED-2) research reactor at Canadian Nuclear
Laboratories' Chalk River site. The ZED-2 reactor core and muon detector
arrangement are modeled in GEANT4 and Monte Carlo measurements of the resultant
muon throughput and angular distribution at several angles of rotation around
the reactor are generated. Statistical analysis is then performed on these
measurements based on the well-defined flux and angular distribution of muons
expected near the surface of the earth. The results of this analysis are shown
to produce reconstructed images of the spatial distribution of nuclear fuel
within the core for multiple fuel configurations. This one-sided tomography
concept is a possible candidate for examining the internal structure of larger
critical facilities, for example the Fukushima Daiichi power plant where the
integrity of the containment infrastructure and the location of the reactor
fuel is unknown.
