  Extremely Red Objects (EROs) offer a window to the universe at z~1 analogous
to that provided by the Lyman Break galaxies at z=3. Passive evolution and
hierarchical galaxy formation models make very distinct predictions for the K
(2.2um) surface density of galaxies at z~1 and EROs are a powerful constraint
on these theories. I present a study of nine resolved EROs with R-K>5.3 and
K<18 mag found in the 185 arcmin^2 of the Deep Multicolor Survey with
near-infrared imaging. Photometric redshifts for these galaxies shows they all
lie at z=0.8-1.3. The relatively blue J-K colors of these galaxies suggest that
most are old ellipticals, rather than dusty starbursts. The surface density of
EROs in this survey (>0.05 arcmin^-2), which is a lower limit to the total z~1
galaxy surface density, is an order of magnitude below the prediction of
passive galaxy evolution, yet over a factor of two higher than the hierarchical
galaxy formation prediction for a flat, matter-dominated universe. A flat,
Lambda-dominated universe may bring the hierarchical galaxy formation model
into agreement with the observed ERO surface density.
