  People typically consider only European mathematics as orthodox, often
intentionally or unintentionally overlooking the existence of mathematics from
non-European societies. Inspired by Maria Ascher's two well-known papers on
sand drawings in Oceania and Africa, this paper focuses on the strong link
between modern mathematics and the mathematics behind the sand drawings.
Beginning with a comparison of the geography, history, and the cultural context
of sand drawings in Oceania and Africa, we will examine shared geometric
features of European graph theory and Indigenous sand drawings, including
continuity, cyclicity, and symmetry. The paper will also delve into the origin
of graph theory, exploring whether the famous European mathematician Leonhard
Euler, who published his solution to the Konigsberg bridge problem in 1736, was
the true inventor of graph theory. The potential for incorporating sand
drawings into the school curriculum is highlighted at the end. Overall, this
paper aims to make readers realise the importance of ethnomathematics studies
and appreciate the intelligence of Indigenous people.
