  Generative AI models, including large language models and multimodal models
that include text and other media, are on the cusp of transforming many aspects
of modern life, including entertainment, education, civic life, the arts, and a
range of professions. There is potential for Generative AI to have a
substantive impact on the methods and pace of discovery for a range of
scientific disciplines. We interviewed twenty scientists from a range of fields
(including the physical, life, and social sciences) to gain insight into
whether or how Generative AI technologies might add value to the practice of
their respective disciplines, including not only ways in which AI might
accelerate scientific discovery (i.e., research), but also other aspects of
their profession, including the education of future scholars and the
communication of scientific findings. In addition to identifying opportunities
for Generative AI to augment scientists' current practices, we also asked
participants to reflect on concerns about AI. These findings can help guide the
responsible development of models and interfaces for scientific education,
inquiry, and communication.
