  The evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been significantly
accelerated by advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large
Multimodal Models (LMMs), gradually showcasing potential cognitive reasoning
abilities in problem-solving and scientific discovery (i.e., AI4Science) once
exclusive to human intellect. To comprehensively evaluate current models'
performance in cognitive reasoning abilities, we introduce OlympicArena, which
includes 11,163 bilingual problems across both text-only and interleaved
text-image modalities. These challenges encompass a wide range of disciplines
spanning seven fields and 62 international Olympic competitions, rigorously
examined for data leakage. We argue that the challenges in Olympic competition
problems are ideal for evaluating AI's cognitive reasoning due to their
complexity and interdisciplinary nature, which are essential for tackling
complex scientific challenges and facilitating discoveries. Beyond evaluating
performance across various disciplines using answer-only criteria, we conduct
detailed experiments and analyses from multiple perspectives. We delve into the
models' cognitive reasoning abilities, their performance across different
modalities, and their outcomes in process-level evaluations, which are vital
for tasks requiring complex reasoning with lengthy solutions. Our extensive
evaluations reveal that even advanced models like GPT-4o only achieve a 39.97%
overall accuracy, illustrating current AI limitations in complex reasoning and
multimodal integration. Through the OlympicArena, we aim to advance AI towards
superintelligence, equipping it to address more complex challenges in science
and beyond. We also provide a comprehensive set of resources to support AI
research, including a benchmark dataset, an open-source annotation platform, a
detailed evaluation tool, and a leaderboard with automatic submission features.
