  The rise of e-hailing taxis has significantly altered urban transportation
and resulted in a competitive taxi market with both traditional street-hailing
and e-hailing taxis. The new mobility services provide similar door-to-door
rides as the traditional one and there is competition across these various
services. In this study, we propose an innovative queueing network model for
the competitive taxi market and capture the interactions not only within the
taxi market but also between the taxi market and urban road system.
  An example is designed based on data from New York City. Numerical results
show that the proposed modeling structure, together with the corresponding
stationary limits, can capture dynamics within high demand areas using multiple
data sources. Overall, this study shows how the queueing network approach can
measure both the taxi and urban road system performance at an aggregate level.
The model can be used to estimate not only the waiting/searching time during
passenger-vehicle matching but also the delays in the urban road network.
Furthermore, the model can be generalized to study the control and management
of taxi markets.
