  Coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations are presented in which the
sensitivity of the ice nucleation rate to the hydrophilicity of a graphene
nanoflake is investigated. We find that an optimal interaction strength for
promoting ice nucleation exists, which coincides with that found previously for
a face centered cubic (111) surface. We further investigate the role that the
layering of interfacial water plays in heterogeneous ice nucleation and
demonstrate that the extent of layering is not a good indicator of ice
nucleating ability for all surfaces. Our results suggest that to be an
efficient ice nucleating agent, a surface should not bind water too strongly if
it is able to accommodate high coverages of water.
