  Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies featuring long-range
communication capability and low power consumption will be important for
forming the Internet of Things (IoT) consisting of many geographically
distributed objects. Among various appearing LPWAN technologies, LoRa has
received the most research attention due to its open specifications and gateway
infrastructures unlike the closed designs and/or managed gateway
infrastructures of other LPWAN technologies. While existing studies on LoRa has
focused on network connectivity and performance, accurate positioning of LoRa
end devices is still largely an open issue. In this paper, we discuss and
analyze the physical layer features of LoRa that are relevant to localization.
Our discussions and analysis illustrate the opportunities and challenges in
implementing LoRa-based localization.
