  Downstream wind turbines operating behind upstream turbines face significant
performance challenges due to reduced wind speeds and increased turbulence.
This leads to decreased wind energy production and higher dynamic loads on
downwind turbines. Consequently, real-time monitoring and control have become
crucial for improving wind farm performance. One promising solution involves
optimizing wind farm layouts in real-time, taking advantage of the added
flexibility offered by floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). This study
explores a dynamic layout optimization strategy to minimize wake effects in
wind farms while meeting power requirements. Two scenarios are considered:
power maximization and power set-point tracking. The methodology involves a
centralized wind farm controller optimizing the layout, followed by wind
turbine controllers to meet the prescribed targets. Each FOWT employs model
predictive control to adjust aerodynamic thrust force. The control strategy
integrates a dynamic wind farm model that considers floating platform motion
and wake transport in changing wind conditions. In a case study with a 1x3 wind
farm layout of 5 MW FOWTs, the results show a 25% increase in stable energy
production compared to a static layout in one hour for the first scenario. In
the second scenario, desired power production was swiftly and consistently
achieved.
