  Strong Stokes and anti-Stokes one-photon luminescence from single gold
nanorods is measured in experiments. It is found that the intensity and
polarization of the Stokes and anti-Stokes emissions are in strong correlation.
Our experimental observation discovered a coherent process in light emission
from single gold nanorods. We present a theoretical mode, based on the concept
of cavity resonance, for consistently understanding both Stokes and anti-Stokes
photoluminescence. Our theory is in good agreement of all our measurements.
