  Fingerprint-based biometric systems have experienced a large development in
the last years. Despite their many advantages, they are still vulnerable to
presentation attacks (PAs). Therefore, the task of determining whether a sample
stems from a live subject (i.e., bona fide) or from an artificial replica is a
mandatory issue which has received a lot of attention recently. Nowadays, when
the materials for the fabrication of the Presentation Attack Instruments (PAIs)
have been used to train the PA Detection (PAD) methods, the PAIs can be
successfully identified. However, current PAD methods still face difficulties
detecting PAIs built from unknown materials or captured using other sensors.
Based on that fact, we propose a new PAD technique based on three image
representation approaches combining local and global information of the
fingerprint. By transforming these representations into a common feature space,
we can correctly discriminate bona fide from attack presentations in the
aforementioned scenarios. The experimental evaluation of our proposal over the
LivDet 2011 to 2015 databases, yielded error rates outperforming the top
state-of-the-art results by up to 50\% in the most challenging scenarios. In
addition, the best configuration achieved the best results in the LivDet 2019
competition (overall accuracy of 96.17\%).
