  In this article, an electrolyte flow rate control approach is developed for
an all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) system based on the linear parameter
varying (LPV) framework. The electrolyte flow rate is regulated to provide a
trade-off between stack voltage efficiency and pumping energy losses, so as to
achieve optimal battery energy efficiency. The nonlinear process model is
embedded in a linear parameter varying state-space description and a set of
state feedback controllers are designed to handle fluctuations in current
during both charging and discharging. Simulation studies have been conducted
under different operating conditions to demonstrate the performance of the
proposed approach. This control approach was further implemented on a
laboratory scale VRB system.
