  Deep Geothermal Energy, Carbon Capture, and Storage and Hydrogen Storage have
significant potential to meet the large-scale needs of the energy sector and
reduce the CO$_2$ emissions. However, the injection of fluids into the earth's
crust, upon which these activities rely, can lead to the formation of new
seismogenic faults or the reactivation of existing ones, thereby causing
earthquakes. In this study, we propose a novel approach based on control theory
to address this issue. First, we obtain a simplified model of induced
seismicity due to fluid injections in an underground reservoir using a
diffusion equation in three dimensions. Then, we design a robust tracking
control approach to force the seismicity rate to follow desired references. In
this way, the induced seismicity is minimized while ensuring fluid circulation
for the needs of renewable energy production and storage. The designed control
guarantees the achievement of the control objectives even in the presence of
system uncertainties and unknown dynamics. Finally, we present simulations of a
simplified geothermal reservoir under different scenarios of energy demand to
show the reliability and performance of the control approach, opening new
perspectives for field experiments based on real-time regulators.
