  We study 4-dimensional SU(N) gauge theory with one adjoint Weyl fermion and
fundamental matter - either bosonic or fermionic. Symmetries, their 't Hooft
anomalies, and the Vafa-Witten-Weingarten theorems strongly constrain the
possible bulk phases. The first part of the paper is dedicated to a single
fundamental fermion or boson. As long as the adjoint Weyl fermion is massless,
this theory always possesses a $\mathbb{Z}_{2N}^\chi$ chiral symmetry, which
breaks spontaneously, supporting $N$ vacua and domain walls between them for a
generic mass of the matter fields. We argue, however, that the domain walls
generically undergo a phase transition, and we establish the corresponding 3d
gauge theories on the walls. The rest of the paper is dedicated to studying the
multi-flavor fundamental matter. Here, the phases crucially depend on the ratio
of the number of colors and the number of fundamental flavors. We also discuss
the limiting scenarios of heavy adjoint and fundamentals, which align neatly
with our current understanding of QCD and $\mathcal{N}=1$ super Yang-Mills
theory.
