  Turbulence is defined as an eddy-like state of fluid motion where the
inertial-vortex forces of the eddies are larger than all the other forces that
tend to damp the eddies out. Fossil turbulence is a perturbation produced by
turbulence that persists after the fluid ceases to be turbulent at the scale of
the perturbation. Because vorticity is produced at small scales, turbulence
must cascade from small scales to large, providing a consistent physical basis
for Kolmogorovian universal similarity laws. Oceanic and astrophysical mixing
and diffusion are dominated by fossil turbulence and fossil turbulent waves.
Observations from space telescopes show turbulence and vorticity existed in the
beginning of the universe and that their fossils persist. Fossils of big bang
turbulence include spin and the dark matter of galaxies: clumps of ~ 10^12
frozen hydrogen planets that make globular star clusters as seen by infrared
and microwave space telescopes. When the planets were hot gas, they hosted the
formation of life in a cosmic soup of hot-water oceans as they merged to form
the first stars and chemicals. Because spontaneous life formation according to
the standard cosmological model is virtually impossible, the existence of life
falsifies the standard cosmological model.
