  In order to achieve greenhouse gas neutrality by 2045, the Climate Protection
Act sets emission reduction targets for the years 2030 and 2040, as well as
decreasing annual emission volumes for some sectors, including the building
sector. Measures to decarbonize the building sector include energy retrofits
and the expansion of renewable, decentralized power generators and low-CO2 heat
generators. These measures thus change both the load and the generation of the
future energy supply concept. Considering the interactions of the changed
installed technologies on the building level and their influence on the
electrical grid infrastructure is necessary. The grid operator will remedy the
future congested grid states by grid expansion measures and pass on the costs
to the connected grid users, which in turn could influence their behaviour and
decisions. The aim of this work is a holistic analysis of the staggered
interactions of generation expansion and grid expansion for a future
decentralized energy supply concept conditioned by the expansion in the field
of self-generation. To enable the analysis of the interactions, a
multi-criteria optimization procedure for expansion and operation decisions at
the building level is combined with an approach to determine grid expansion. As
part of this work, the effect of an expansion of hosting capacity on the grid
charges and thus the decision-making behaviour was investigated.
