  This paper firstly show that 2 Dimensional Intelligent Driver Model (Jiang et
al., PloS one, 9(4), e94351, 2014) is not able to replicate the synchronized
traffic flow. Then we propose an improved model by considering the difference
between the driving behaviors at high speeds and that at low speeds.
Simulations show that the improved model can reproduce the phase transition
from synchronized flow to wide moving jams, the spatiotemporal patterns of
traffic flow induced by traffic bottleneck, and the evolution concavity of
traffic oscillations (i.e. the standard deviation of the velocities of vehicles
increases in a concave/linear way along the platoon). Validating results show
that the empirical time series of traffic speed obtained from Floating Car Data
can be well simulated as well.
