  In this paper, we utilize Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) models to
compare the energy efficiency and performance of a server-centric Passive
Optical Networks (PON)-based data centers design with different data centers
networking topologies for the use in fog computing. For representative
MapReduce workloads, completion time results indicate that the server-centric
PON-based design achieves 67% reduction in the energy consumption compared to
DCell with equivalent performance.
