  Physics is living an era of unprecedented cross-fertilization among the
different areas of science. In this perspective review, we discuss the manifold
impact that ultracold-atom quantum technologies can have in fundamental and
applied science through platforms for quantum simulation, computation,
metrology and sensing. We illustrate how the engineering of table-top
experiments with atom technologies is engendering applications to understand
problems in condensed matter and fundamental physics, cosmology and
astrophysics, foundational aspects of quantum mechanics, quantum chemistry and
the emerging field of quantum biology. We take the perspective of two main
approaches, i.e. creating quantum analogues and building quantum simulators,
highlighting that independently of the ultimate goal of a universal quantum
computer to be met, the remarkable transformative effects of these achievements
remain unchanged. We convey three main messages. First, atomic quantum
technologies have enabled a new way in which quantum technologies are used for
fundamental science, even beyond the advancement of knowledge, which is
characterised by truly cross-disciplinary research, extended interplay between
theoretical and experimental thinking, and intersectoral approach. Second,
quantum many-body physics is taking the center stage in frontier's science.
Third, quantum science progress will have capillary impact on society. Thus,
the adoption of a responsible research and innovation approach to quantum
technologies is mandatory, to accompany citizens in building awareness and
future scaffolding. Following on all these reflections, this perspective review
is aimed at scientists active or interested in interdisciplinary research,
providing the reader with an overview of the current status of these wide
fields of research where ultracold-atomic platforms play a vital role in their
description and simulation.
