  The production of molecules from dual species atomic quantum gases has
enabled experiments that employ molecules at nanoKelvin temperatures. As a
result, every degree of freedom of these molecules is in a well-defined quantum
state and exquisitely controlled. These ultracold molecules open a new world of
precision quantum chemistry in which quantum statistics, quantum partial waves,
and even many-body correlations can play important roles. Moreover, to
investigate the strongly correlated physics of many interacting molecular
dipoles, we can mitigate lossy chemical reactions by controlling the
dimensionality of the system using optical lattices formed by interfering laser
fields. In a full three-dimensional optical lattice, chemistry can be turned on
or off by tuning the lattice depth, which allows us to configure an array of
long-range interacting quantum systems with rich internal structure. Such a
system represents an excellent platform for gaining fundamental insights to
complex materials based on quantum simulations and also for quantum information
processing in the future.
