  Mobility-on-demand (MOD) services have the potential to significantly improve
the adaptiveness and recovery of urban systems, in the wake of disruptive
events. But there lacks a comprehensive review on using MOD services for such
purposes in addition to serving regular travel demand. This paper presents a
review that suggests a noticeable increase within recent years on this topic
across four main areas: resilient MOD services, novel usage of MOD services for
improving infrastructure and community resilience, empirical impact evaluation,
and enabling and augmenting technologies. The review shows that MOD services
have been utilized to support anomaly detection, essential supply delivery,
evacuation and rescue, on-site medical care, power grid stabilization, transit
service substitution during downtime, and infrastructure and equipment repair.
Such a versatility suggests a comprehensive assessment framework and modeling
methodologies for evaluating system design alternatives that simultaneously
serve different purposes. The review also reveals that integrating suitable
technologies, business models, and long-term planning efforts offers
significant synergistic benefits.
