  Lymphoid infiltration at tumor margins is a key prognostic marker in solid
tumors, playing a crucial role in guiding immunotherapy decisions. Current
assessment methods, heavily reliant on immunohistochemistry (IHC), face
challenges in tumor margin delineation and are affected by tissue preservation
conditions. In contrast, we propose a Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)
staining-based approach, underpinned by an advanced lymphocyte segmentation
model trained on a public dataset for the precise detection of CD3+ and CD20+
lymphocytes. In our colorectal cancer study, we demonstrate that our H&E-based
method offers a compelling alternative to traditional IHC, achieving comparable
results in many cases. Our method's validity is further explored through a
Turing test, involving blinded assessments by a pathologist of anonymized
curves from H&E and IHC slides. This approach invites the medical community to
consider Turing tests as a standard for evaluating medical applications
involving expert human evaluation, thereby opening new avenues for enhancing
cancer management and immunotherapy planning.
