  Given a real algebraic variety $X$ of dimension $n$, a very ample divisor $D$
on $X$ and a smooth closed hypersurface $\Sigma$ of $\mathbf{R}^n$, we
construct real algebraic hypersurfaces in the linear system $|mD|$ whose real
locus contains many connected components diffeomorphic to $\Sigma$. As a
consequence, we show the existence of real algebraic hypersurfaces in the
linear system $|mD|$ whose Betti numbers grow by the maximal order, as $m$ goes
to infinity. As another application, we recover a result by D. Gayet on the
existence of many disjoint lagrangians with prescribed topology in any smooth
complex hypersurface of $\mathbf{C}\mathbf{P}^n$. The results in the paper are
proved more generally for complete intersections. The proof of our main result
uses probabilistic tools.
