  Data produced by on-chip sensors in modern SoCs contains a large amount of
information such as occurring faults, aging status, accumulated radiation dose,
performance characteristics, environmental and other operational parameters.
Such information provides insight into the overall health of a system's
hardware as well as the operability of individual modules. This gives a chance
to mitigate faults and avoid using faulty units, thus enabling hardware health
management. Raw data from embedded sensors cannot be immediately used to
perform health management tasks. In most cases, the information about occurred
faults needs to be analyzed taking into account the history of the previously
reported fault events and other collected statistics. For this purpose, we
propose a special structure called Health Map (HM) that holds the information
about functional resources, occurring faults and maps relationships between
these. In addition, we propose algorithms for aggregation and classification of
data received from on-chip sensors. The proposed Health Map contains detailed
information on a particular system level (e.g., module, SoC, board) that can be
compiled into a summary of hardware health status that in its turn enables
distributed hierarchical health management by using this information at a
higher level of system hierarchy, thus increasing the system's availability and
effective lifetime.
