  Recent advances in ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy provide access to hidden
phases of correlated matter, including light-induced superconducting states,
but the theoretical understanding of these nonequilibrium phases remains
limited. Here we report how a new type of chiral superconducting phase can be
stabilized in photodoped frustrated Mott insulators. The metastable phase
features a spatially varying order parameter with a $120^\circ$ phase twist
which breaks both time-reversal and inversion symmetry. Under an external
electric pulse, the $120^\circ$ chiral superconducting state can exhibit a
second-order supercurrent perpendicular to the field in addition to a
first-order parallel response, similar to a nonlinear anomalous Hall effect.
This phase can be tuned by artificial gauge fields when the system is dressed
by high-frequency periodic driving. The mechanism revealed in this study
applies to Mott insulators on various frustrated lattices and the hidden
superconducting phase can be realized in both cold-atom quantum simulators and
correlated solids.
