  Stress induced yielding/fluidization in disordered solids, characterized by
irreversibility and enhanced dissipation, is important for a wide range of
industrial and geological processes. Although, such phenomena in thermal
systems have been extensively studied, they remain poorly understood for
granular solids. Here, using oscillatory shear rheology and in-situ optical
imaging, we study energy dissipation in a dense granular suspension of adhesive
particles that forms yield stress solids far below the isotropic jamming point
obtained in the limit of hard-sphere repulsion. We find interesting non-linear
flow regimes including intra-cycle strain stiffening and plasticity that
strongly depend on the applied strain amplitude ($\gamma_0$) and particle
volume fraction ($\phi$). We demonstrate that such nonlinearity over the entire
parameter range can be effectively captured by a dimensionless variable termed
as the normalized energy dissipation ($E_N$). Furthermore, in-situ optical
imaging reveals irreversible particle rearrangements correlating with the
spatiotemporal fluctuations in local velocity, the nature of which strikingly
varies across the yielding transition. By directly measuring the critical
jamming packing fractions using particle settling experiments, we propose a
detailed phase diagram that unravels the role of inter-particle interactions in
controlling the flow properties of the system for a wide range of $\gamma_0$
and $\phi$ values.
