  The rapid and successful strides in quantum chemistry in the past decades can
be largely credited to a conspicuous synergy between theoretical and
computational advancements. However, the architectural computer archetype that
enabled such a progress is approaching a state of more stagnant development.
One of the most promising technological avenues for the continuing progress of
quantum chemistry is the emerging quantum computing paradigm. This
revolutionary proposal comes with several challenges, which span a wide array
of disciplines. In chemistry, it implies, among other things, a need to
reformulate some of its long established cornerstones in order to adjust to the
operational demands and constraints of quantum computers. Due to its relatively
recent emergence, much of quantum computing may still seem fairly nebulous and
largely unknown to most chemists. It is in this context that here we review and
illustrate the basic aspects of quantum information and their relation to
quantum computing insofar as enabling simulations of quantum chemistry. We
consider some of the most relevant developments in light of these aspects and
discuss the current landscape when of relevance to quantum chemical simulations
in quantum computers.
