  In this thesis we study physics beyond the standard model focusing on the
quantum field theory in higher-dimensional space-time with some boundary terms.
The boundary term causes nontrivial consequences about the vacuum structure of
the higher-dimensional theory. We take particular note of two independent
solutions to the weak and Planck hierarchy problem: ``low scale supersymmetry''
and ``dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking.'' From a viewpoint of the low
scale supersymmetry, we study $F$ and $D$ term supersymmetry breaking effects
on sparticle spectra from a boundary. While we also investigate a
nonperturbative effect caused by a bulk (nonsupersymmetric) gauge dynamics on a
fermion bilinear condensation on a boundary, and analyze the dynamical symmetry
breaking on the brane. From these analyses we conclude that the field
localization in higher-dimensional space-time involves in a nontrivial vacuum
structure of the theory, and the resultant low energy four-dimensional
effective theory has phenomenologically interesting structure. In a framework
of purely four-dimensional theory, we also construct the above nontrivial
effect of localization in the extra dimension.
