  An extension B\subset A of algebras over a commutative ring k is an
H-extension for an L-bialgebroid H if A is an H-comodule algebra and B is the
subalgebra of its coinvariants. It is H-Galois if the canonical map A\otimes_B
A\to A\otimes_L H is an isomorphism or, equivalently, if the canonical coring
(A\otimes_L H:A) is a Galois coring.
  In the case of a Hopf algebroid H=(H_L,H_R,S) any H_R-extension is shown to
be also an H_L-extension. If the antipode is bijective then also the notions of
H_R-Galois extensions and of H_L-Galois extensions are proven to coincide.
  Results about bijective entwining structures are extended to entwining
structures over non-commutative algebras in order to prove a Kreimer-Takeuchi
type theorem for a finitely generated projective Hopf algebroid H with
bijective antipode. It states that any H-Galois extension B\subset A is
projective, and if A is k-flat then already the surjectivity of the canonical
map implies the Galois property.
  The Morita theory, developed for corings by Caenepeel, Vercruysse and Wang,
is applied to obtain equivalent criteria for the Galois property of Hopf
algebroid extensions. This leads to Hopf algebroid analogues of results for
Hopf algebra extensions by Doi and, in the case of Frobenius Hopf algebroids,
by Cohen, Fishman and Montgomery.
