  Thermoelectric films and periodic structures have particularly intriguing
electrical and thermal transport features due to their low dimensionality. As a
result, they have piqued the attention of researchers from across the spectrum
of disciplines. Their applications span from cooling fast CPUs to providing
energy for wearable devices. The progress in the techniques for synthesizing TE
materials and fabricating thin films has facilitated the emergence of a
flourishing research domain in the field of electrical and thermal transport at
the nanoscale. Further, a significant proportion of contemporary electronic,
opto-electronic, and solar energy components are composed of materials
featuring numerous interfaces and nanoscale contacts. Consequently, it is
imperative to explore the thermal energy transfer and charge carrier transport
across the films with thickness dimensions in the nanometer range. The
development of cutting-edge approaches for grasping complicated processes at
the nanoscale is critical. This review provides a concise overview of the
prevalent methodologies developed over the last two decades and employed for
the characterization of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical and thermal
conductivity of thermoelectric films.
