  Notes from a course given at Oujda university, Morocco, october 2002 - march
2003 within the support of a fellowship from the Agence Universitaire de la
Francophonie.
  These notes present a brief introduction to Connes' non commutative geometry
description of the standard model of particle physics. The notion of distance
is emphasized, especially the possible interpretation of the Higgs field as the
component of a discrete internal dimension. These notes are in french and are
taken from the author's phD thesis.
