  Flux compactification of string theory generates an ensemble with a large
number of vacua called the landscape. By using the statistics of various
properties of low-energy effective theories in the string landscape, one can
therefore hope to provide a scientific foundation to the notion of naturalness.
This article discusses how to answer such questions of practical interest by
using flux compactification of F-theory. It is found that the distribution is
approximately in a factorized form given by the distribution of the choice of
7-brane gauge group, that of the number of generations $N_{\rm gen}$ and that
of effective coupling constants. The distribution of $N_{\rm gen}$ is
approximately Gaussian for the range $|N_{\rm gen}| \lesssim 10$. The
statistical cost of higher-rank gauge groups is also discussed.
