  For decades, hospital services have been faced with the challenge of ensuring
quality care for patients despite the pressures on staff due to workload
overload. Nursing staff are particularly affected by this reality, with a
patient/nursing staff ratio so imbalanced that it directly affects the quality
of care and the well-being of nurses. This article examines in detail the
workload of nursing staff, shedding light on the various factors influencing
this workload, including the type of care provided, the characteristics of
patients and nursing staff, as well as the organizational context. Furthermore,
different methods of calculating and estimating workload are analyzed, ranging
from workload calculation systems to advanced predictive models. Finally,
reflection is made on future research avenues, particularly concerning the
identification of factors influencing workload, data collection and processing,
and model validation.
