  X-ray spectra of galaxy clusters are dominated by the thermal emission from
the hot intracluster medium. In some cases, besides the thermal component,
spectral models require additional components associated, e.g., with resonant
scattering and charge exchange. The latter produces mostly underluminous fine
spectral features. Detection of the extra components therefore requires high
spectral resolution. The upcoming X-ray missions will provide such high
resolution, and will allow spectroscopic diagnostics of clusters beyond the
current simple thermal modeling. A representative science case is resonant
scattering, which produces spectral distortions of the emission lines from the
dominant thermal component. Accounting for the resonant scattering is essential
for accurate abundance and gas motion measurements of the ICM. The high
resolution spectroscopy might also reveal/corroborate a number of new spectral
components, including the excitation by non-thermal electrons, the deviation
from ionization equilibrium, and charge exchange from surface of cold gas
clouds in clusters. Apart from detecting new features, future high resolution
spectroscopy will also enable a much better measurement of the thermal
component. Accurate atomic database and appropriate modeling of the thermal
spectrum are therefore needed for interpreting the data.
