  CubeSats have the potential to expand astrophysical discovery space,
complementing ground-based electromagnetic and gravitational-wave
observatories. The CubeSat design specifications help streamline delivery of
instrument payloads to space. CubeSat planners have more options for tailoring
orbits to fit observational needs and may have more flexibility in rapidly
rescheduling observations to respond to transients. With over 1000 CubeSats
launched, there has been a corresponding increase in the availability and
performance of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) components compatible with the
CubeSat standards, from solar panels and power systems to reaction wheels for
three axis stabilization and precision attitude control. Commercially available
components can reduce cost CubeSat missions, allowing more resources to be
directed toward scientific instrument payload development and technology
demonstrations.
