  We show how our theory of large-scale gravitational quantization explains the
large angle gravitational lensing by galaxies without requiring "dark matter".
A galaxy is treated as a collective system of billions of stars in each
quantization state with each star experiencing an average gravitational
environment analogous to that for nucleons in the atomic nucleus. Consequently,
each star is in an approximate finite depth square well type of gravitational
potential. The "effective potential" is shown to be about ten times greater
than the Newtonian gravitational potential, so the gravitational lensing
effects of a galaxy are about ten times greater also, in agreement with the
measured gravitational lensing.
