  Optical-resolution fluorescence imaging through and within complex samples
presents a significant challenge due to random light scattering, with
substantial implications across multiple fields. While significant advancements
in coherent imaging through severe multiple scattering have been recently
introduced by reflection-matrix processing, approaches that tackle scattering
in incoherent fluorescence imaging have been limited to sparse targets, require
high-resolution control of the illumination or detection wavefronts, or a very
large number of measurements. Here, we present an approach that allows direct
application of well-established reflection-matrix techniques to scattering
compensation in incoherent fluorescence imaging. We experimentally demonstrate
that a small number of conventional widefield fluorescence-microscope images
acquired under unknown random illuminations can effectively construct a
fluorescence-based virtual reflection matrix. This matrix, when processed by
conventional matrix-based scattering compensation algorithms, allows
reconstructing megapixel-scale fluorescence images, without requiring the use
of spatial-light modulators (SLMs) or computationally-intensive processing.
