  In the current research, we investigate the concept of spontaneously
nonequilibrium dimension (SND), and show that a SND-based system can break the
second law of thermodynamics. The main characteristic of the SND is the
inherent nonequilibrium particle crossing ratio. A locally nonchaotic energy
barrier is employed to form the model system. On the one hand, when the barrier
width is much smaller than the mean free path of the particles, the system
cannot reach thermodynamic equilibrium; on the other hand, the nonequilibrium
particle distribution allows for production of useful work in a cycle by
absorbing heat from a single thermal reservoir. Such system performance is
demonstrated by a Monte Carlo simulation. It should be attributed to the
unbalanced cross-influence of the thermally correlated thermodynamic forces,
incompatible with the conventional framework of statistical mechanics. No
Maxwell's demon is involved. Similar effects may be achieved by a number of
variants, e.g., when the barrier is switchable or there are distributed
nonchaotic traps.
