  Various formal languages have been proposed in the literature for the
individual-based modelling of ecological systems. These languages differ in
their treatment of time and space. Each modelling language offers a distinct
view and techniques for analyzing systems. Most of the languages are based on
process calculi or P systems. In this article, we present a general overview of
the existing modelling languages based on process calculi. We also discuss,
briefly, other approaches such as P systems, cellular automata and Petri nets.
Finally, we show advantages and disadvantages of these modelling languages and
we propose some future research directions.
