  As automated vehicles receive more attention from the media, there has been
an equivalent increase in the coverage of the ethical choices a vehicle may be
forced to make in certain crash situations with no clear safe outcome. Much of
this coverage has focused on a philosophical thought experiment known as the
"trolley problem," and substituting an automated vehicle for the trolley and
the car's software for the bystander. While this is a stark and straightforward
example of ethical decision making for an automated vehicle, it risks
marginalizing the entire field if it is to become the only ethical problem in
the public's mind. In this chapter, I discuss the shortcomings of the trolley
problem, and introduce more nuanced examples that involve crash risk and
uncertainty. Risk management is introduced as an alternative approach, and its
ethical dimensions are discussed.
