  The nucleon-nucleon interaction in the region of the nucleon kinetic energy
up to 1000 MeV is analysed together with the reaction $\gamma d \to pn$ in the
photon energy range $E_{\gamma}=0-400$ MeV. Nine nucleon-nucleon $s$-channel
partial amplitudes are reconstructed in the dispersion relation $N/D$ method:
$^1S_0$, $^3S_1-^3D_1$, $^3P_0$, $^1P_1$, $^3P_1$, $^3P_2$, $^1D_2$, $^3D_2$
and $^3F_3$. Correspondingly, the dispersive representation of partial
amplitudes $N\Delta \to pn$, $NN^* \to pn$ and $NN\pi \to pn$ is given. Basing
on that, we have performed parameter-free calculation of the amplitude $\gamma
d \to pn$, taking into account: $(i)$ pole diagram, $(ii)$ nucleon-nucleon
final-state rescattering $\gamma d \to pn \to pn$, and $(iii)$ inelastic
final-state rescatterings $\gamma d \to N\Delta(1232) \to pn$, $\gamma d \to
NN^*(1400) \to pn$ and $\gamma d \to NN\pi \to pn$. The $\gamma d \to pn$
partial amplitudes for nine above-mentioned channels are found. It is shown
that the process $\gamma d \to pn \to pn$ is significant for the waves $^1S_0$,
$^3P_0$, $^3P_1$, at $E_{\gamma} =50 -100$ MeV, while $\gamma d \to N\Delta \to
pn$ for the waves $^3P_2$, $^1D_2$,$^3F_3$ dominates at $E_{\gamma} > 300$ MeV.
Meson exchange current contributions into the deuteron disintegration are
estimated: they are significant at $E_\gamma =100-400$ MeV.
