  In multi-infeed hybrid AC-DC (MIDC) systems, the emergency frequency control
(EFC) with LCC-HVDC systems participating is of vital importance for system
frequency stability. Nevertheless, when regional power systems are operated by
different decision-makers, the LCC-HVDC systems and their connected AC systems
might be unwilling to participate in the EFC due to the costs and losses. In
this paper, to incentivize the LCC-HVDC systems and their connected adjacent AC
systems to participate in the droop-based EFC, a novel control-parameter-based
incentive mechanism is proposed, which can deal with various possible emergency
frequency faults. Then, a non-cooperative-based incentive game model is
formulated to implement the incentive mechanism in the MIDC system. An
algorithm for seeking the Nash equilibrium is designed, and the uniqueness of
Nash equilibrium is proven. Moreover, the individual rationality, incentive
compatibility and social optimality of the proposed mechanism are analyzed and
proven. The effectiveness of the proposed incentive mechanism is verified
through a case study.
