  We derive the effective low-energy theory for single-wall carbon nanotubes
including the Coulomb interactions among electrons. The generic model found
here consists of two spin-1/2 fermion chains which are coupled by the
interaction. We analyze the theory using bosonization, renormalization-group
techniques, and Majorana refermionization. Several experimentally relevant
consequences of the breakdown of Fermi liquid theory observed here are
discussed in detail, e.g., magnetic instabilities, anomalous conductance laws,
and impurity screening profiles.
