  In analogy with the complex analytic case, Musta\c{t}\u{a} constructed (a
family of) Bernstein-Sato polynomials for the structure sheaf $\mathcal{O}_X$
and a hypersurface $(f=0)$ in $X$, where $X$ is a regular variety over an
$F$-finite field of positive characteristic (see arxiv:0711.3794). He shows
that the suitably interpreted zeros of his Bernstein-Sato polynomials
correspond to the jumping numbers of the test ideal filtration $\tau(X,f^t)$.
In the present paper we generalize Musta\c{t}\u{a}'s construction replacing
$\mathcal{O}_X$ by an arbitrary $F$-regular Cartier module $M$ on $X$ and show
an analogous correspondence of the zeros of our Bernstein-Sato polynomials with
the jumping numbers of the associated filtration of test modules $\tau(M,f^t)$
provided that $f$ is a non-zero divisor on $M$.
