  We adopt the energy momentum relation of charged particles to study the
thermodynamics laws and weak cosmic censorship conjecture of $D$-dimensional
$f(R)$ AdS black holes in different phase spaces by considering charged
particle absorption. In the normal phase space, it turns out that the laws of
thermodynamic and the weak cosmic censorship conjecture are valid. In the
extended phase space, though the first law of thermodynamics is valid, the
second law of thermodynamics is invalid. More interestingly, the weak cosmic
censorship conjecture is shown to be violated only in higher-dimensional
near-extremal $f(R)$ AdS black holes. In addition, the magnitudes of the
violations for both the second law and weak cosmic censorship conjecture are
dependent on the charge $Q$, constant scalar curvature $f'(R_0)$, AdS radius
$l$, dimension parameters $p$, and their variations.
