  In underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWASN), energy-reliable data
transmission is a challenging task. This is due to acoustic transmission
disturbances caused by excessive noise, exceptionally long propagation delays,
a high bit error rate, limited bandwidth capability, and interference. One of
the most important issues of UWASN for research is how to extend the life span
of data transmission. Data transfer from a source node to a destination node in
UWASN is a complicated topic for researchers. Many routing algorithms, such as
vector base forwarding and depth base routing, have been developed in past
years. We propose a genetic algorithm-based optimization method for improving
the energy efficiency of data transmission in the routing path from a source
node to a destination node.
