  The surface of both Jupiter and Saturn has magnificent vortical storms which
help shape the dynamic nature of their atmospheres. Land- and space-based
observational campaigns over time have established several properties of these
vortices, with some being similar between the two planets, while others are
different. Shallow-water hydrodynamics, where the vortices are treated as
shallow weather-layer phenomenon, is commonly evoked for explaining their
formation and properties. Here we report novel formation mechanisms for
vortices where the primary driving mechanism is the deep planetary convection
occurring in these planets. Using three dimensional simulations of turbulent
convection in rotating spherical shells, we propose two ideas: (1) rotating
turbulent convection generates deep axially-aligned cyclones and anticyclones;
(2) a deep planetary dynamo acts to promote additional anticyclones, some as
large as Jupiter's Great Red Spot, in an overlying atmospheric layer. We use
these ideas to interpret several observational properties of vortices on
Jupiter and Saturn.
