  We derive a microscopic theory of the composite fermions describing the
low-lying edge excitations in the fractional quantum Hall liquid. Using the
composite fermion transformation, one finds that the edge states of the
$\nu=1/m$ system in a disc sample are described by, in one dimensional limit,
the Calogero-Sutherland model with other interactions between the composite
fermions as perturbations. It is shown that a large class of short-range
interactions renormalize only the Fermi velocity while the exponent $g=\nu=1/m$
is invariant under the condition of chirality. By taking the sharp edge
potential into account, we obtain a microscopic justification of the chiral
Luttinger liquid model of the fractional quantum Hall edge states. The approach
applied to the $\nu=1/m$ system can be generalized to the other edge states
with odd denominator filling factors.
