  The anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) has been investigated in
alternately-stacked multilayer films comprising paramagnetic and ferromagnetic
metals. We found that the ANE is enhanced with increasing the number of the
paramagnet/ferromagnet interfaces with keeping the total thickness of the films
constant, and that the enhancement appears even in the absence of magnetic
proximity effects; similar behavior was observed not only in Pt/Fe multilayers
but also in Au/Fe and Cu/Fe multilayers free from proximity ferromagnetism.
This universal enhancement of the ANE in the metallic multilayers suggests the
presence of unconventional interface-induced thermoelectric conversion in the
Fe films attached to the paramagnets.
