  The BFSS matrix model is a suggested non-perturbative definition of string
theory. Starting from a thermal state of this matrix model, we show how space
and time can emerge dynamically. Results from the IKKT matrix model indicate
that the $SO(9)$ symmetry of space is spontaneously broken to $SO(3) \times
SO(6)$, with the three-dimensional subspace becoming large. Given this initial
state for the universe, we show that cosmological perturbations and
gravitational waves with scale-invariant spectra are generated, without the
need of postulating an early phase of cosmological inflation. The Big Bang
singularity is automatically resolved.
