  Colour centre ensembles in diamond have been the subject of intensive
investigation for many applications including single photon sources for quantum
communication, quantum computation with optical inputs and outputs, and
magnetic field sensing down to the nanoscale. Some of these applications are
realised with a single centre or randomly distributed ensembles in chips, but
the most demanding application for a large-scale quantum computer will require
ordered arrays. By configuring an electronic-grade diamond substrate with a
biased surface graphene electrode connected to charge-sensitive electronics, it
is possible to demonstrate deterministic single ion implantation for ions
stopping between 30 and 130~nm deep from a typical stochastic ion source. An
implantation event is signalled by a charge pulse induced by the drift of
electron-hole pairs from the ion implantation. The ion implantation site is
localised with an AFM nanostencil or a focused ion beam. This allows the
construction of ordered arrays of single atoms with associated colour centres
that paves the way for the fabrication of deterministic colour center networks
in a monolithic device.
