  As current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices suffer from
decoherence errors, any delay in the instruction execution of quantum control
microarchitecture can lead to the loss of quantum information and incorrect
computation results. Hence, it is crucial for the control microarchitecture to
issue quantum operations to the Quantum Processing Unit (QPU) in time. As in
classical microarchitecture, parallelism in quantum programs needs to be
exploited for speedup. However, three challenges emerge in the quantum
scenario: 1) the quantum feedback control can introduce significant pipeline
stall latency; 2) timing control is required for all quantum operations; 3) QPU
requires a deterministic operation supply to prevent the accumulation of
quantum errors.
  In this paper, we propose a novel control microarchitecture design to exploit
Circuit Level Parallelism (CLP) and Quantum Operation Level Parallelism (QOLP).
Firstly, we develop a Multiprocessor architecture to exploit CLP, which
supports dynamic scheduling of different sub-circuits. This architecture can
handle parallel feedback control and minimize the potential overhead that
disrupts the timing control. Secondly, we propose a Quantum Superscalar
approach that exploits QOLP by efficiently executing massive quantum
instructions in parallel. Both methods issue quantum operations to QPU
deterministically. In the benchmark test of a Shor syndrome measurement, a
six-core implementation of our proposal achieves up to 2.59$\times$ speedup
compared with a single core. For various canonical quantum computing
algorithms, our superscalar approach achieves an average of 4.04$\times$
improvement over a baseline design. Finally, We perform a simultaneous
randomized benchmarking (simRB) experiment on a real QPU using the proposed
microarchitecture for validation.
