  Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of today's most relevant emergent
technologies. In view thereof, this paper proposes that more attention should
be paid to the philosophical aspects of AI technology and its use. It is argued
that this deficit is generally combined with philosophical misconceptions about
the growth of knowledge. To identify these misconceptions, reference is made to
the ideas of the philosopher of science Karl Popper and the physicist David
Deutsch. The works of both thinkers aim against mistaken theories of knowledge,
such as inductivism, empiricism, and instrumentalism. This paper shows that
these theories bear similarities to how current AI technology operates. It also
shows that these theories are very much alive in the (public) discourse on AI,
often called Bayesianism. In line with Popper and Deutsch, it is proposed that
all these theories are based on mistaken philosophies of knowledge. This
includes an analysis of the implications of these mistaken philosophies for the
use of AI in science and society, including some of the likely problem
situations that will arise. This paper finally provides a realistic outlook on
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and three propositions on A(G)I and
philosophy (i.e., epistemology).
