  The possibility of utilizing quantum effects to enhance the performance of
quantum heat engines has been an active topic of research, but how to enhance
the performance by optimizing the engine parameters needs to be further
studied. In this study, the temperature difference and dissipation modes
affecting the performance of a three-level quantum heat engine were analyzed
using an orthogonal test. The results indicated that the dissipation mode
dominated the performance of the quantum heat engine. The quantum heat engine
performs best when there is only resonance and no detuning; however, when
detuning exists, a lower resonance can improve the efficiency by reducing
energy losses. Regarding the temperature difference, the best performance was
achieved at medium temperature difference owing to the decreasing heat leakage.
Finally, the quantum friction caused by the detuning could make the maximal
efficiency lower than the Carnot efficiency.
