  Decades of research in artificial intelligence (AI) have produced formidable
technologies that are providing immense benefit to industry, government, and
society. AI systems can now translate across multiple languages, identify
objects in images and video, streamline manufacturing processes, and control
cars. The deployment of AI systems has not only created a trillion-dollar
industry that is projected to quadruple in three years, but has also exposed
the need to make AI systems fair, explainable, trustworthy, and secure. Future
AI systems will rightfully be expected to reason effectively about the world in
which they (and people) operate, handling complex tasks and responsibilities
effectively and ethically, engaging in meaningful communication, and improving
their awareness through experience.
  Achieving the full potential of AI technologies poses research challenges
that require a radical transformation of the AI research enterprise,
facilitated by significant and sustained investment. These are the major
recommendations of a recent community effort coordinated by the Computing
Community Consortium and the Association for the Advancement of Artificial
Intelligence to formulate a Roadmap for AI research and development over the
next two decades.
