  As a crucial facilitator of future autonomous driving applications, wireless
simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has drawn growing attention
recently. However, the accuracy of existing wireless SLAM schemes is limited
because the antenna gain is constrained given the cost budget due to the
expensive hardware components such as phase arrays. To address this issue, we
propose a reconfigurable holographic surface (RHS)-aided SLAM system in this
paper. The RHS is a novel type of low-cost antenna that can cut down the
hardware cost by replacing phased arrays in conventional SLAM systems. However,
compared with a phased array where the phase shifts of parallelfed signals are
adjusted, the RHS exhibits a different radiation model because its
amplitude-controlled radiation elements are series-fed by surface waves,
implying that traditional schemes cannot be applied directly. To address this
challenge, we propose an RHS-aided beam steering method for sensing the
surrounding environment and design the corresponding SLAM algorithm. Simulation
results show that the proposed scheme can achieve more than there times the
localization accuracy that traditional wireless SLAM with the same cost
achieves.
