  Cyberspace is full of uncertainty in terms of advanced and sophisticated
cyber threats which are equipped with novel approaches to learn the system and
propagate themselves, such as AI-powered threats. To debilitate these types of
threats, a modern and intelligent Cyber Situation Awareness (SA) system need to
be developed which has the ability of monitoring and capturing various types of
threats, analyzing and devising a plan to avoid further attacks. This paper
provides a comprehensive study on the current state-of-the-art in the cyber SA
to discuss the following aspects of SA: key design principles, framework,
classifications, data collection, and analysis of the techniques, and
evaluation methods. Lastly, we highlight misconceptions, insights and
limitations of this study and suggest some future work directions to address
the limitations.
