  We report on an experimental and theoretical study of the
ionization-fragmentation dynamics of argon dimers in intense few-cycle laser
pulses with a tagged carrier-envelope phase. We find that a field-driven
electron transfer process from one argon atom across the system boundary to the
other argon atom triggers sub-cycle electron-electron interaction dynamics in
the neighboring atom. This attosecond electron-transfer process between distant
entities and its implications manifest themselves as a distinct phase-shift
between the measured asymmetry of electron emission curves of the
$\text{Ar}^{+}+\text{Ar}^{2+}$ and $\text{Ar}^{2+}+\text{Ar}^{2+}$
fragmentation channels. Our work discloses a strong-field route to controlling
the dynamics in molecular compounds through the excitation of electronic
dynamics on a distant molecule by driving inter-molecular electron-transfer
processes.
