  Recently, deeply bound pionic states were found experimentally in (d, $^3$He)
reactions on $^{208}$Pb. They found an isolated peak structure in the bound
region below the pion production threshold. We study theoretically these
excitation functions in (d, $^3$He) reactions on $^{208}$Pb at T$_d$=600 MeV.
We found very good agreement with the (d, $^3$He) excitation functions and
could identify the underlying structures of the pionic states. We study the
energy dependence of the (d, $^3$He) reactions and the change of the excitation
functions with the incident energy.
