  This study addresses the critical need for high signal-to-noise ratio in
optical detection methods for biological sample discrimination under
low-photon-flux conditions to ensure accuracy without compromising sample
integrity. We explore polarization-based probing, which often excels over
intensity modulation when assessing a specimen's morphology. Leveraging
non-classical light sources, our approach capitalizes on sub-Poissonian photon
statistics and quantum correlation-based measurements. We present a novel,
highly sensitive method for probing single-layer cell cultures using entangled
photon pairs. Our approach demonstrates capability in monolayer cell analysis,
distinguishing between two types of monolayer cells and their host medium. The
experimental results highlight our method's sensitivity, showcasing its
potential for biological sample detection using quantum techniques, and paving
the way for advanced diagnostic methodologies.
