  In this article, we review the dynamics of charge carriers in graphene and
related 2D systems from a quantum field theoretical point of view. By allowing
the electromagnetic fields to propagate throughout space and constraining
fermions to move on a 2D manifold, the effective theory of such systems becomes
a non-local version of quantum electrodynamics (QED) dubbed in literature
pseudo or reduced QED. We review some aspects of the theory assuming the
coupling arbitrary in strength. In particular, we focus on the chiral symmetry
breaking scenarios and the analytical structure of the fermion propagator in
vacuum and under the influence of external agents like a heat bath, in the
presence of a Chern-Simons term, anisotropy and in curved space. We briefly
discuss the major advances and some new results on this field.
