  In gauge theories, not all rigid symmetries of the classical action can be
maintained manifestly in the quantization procedure, even in the absence of
anomalies. If this occurs for an anomaly-free symmetry, the effective action is
invariant under a transformation that differs from its classical counterpart by
quantum corrections. As shown by Fradkin and Palchik years ago, such a
phenomenon occurs for conformal symmetry in quantum Yang-Mills theories with
vanishing beta function, such as the N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. More
recently, Jevicki et al demonstrated that the quantum metamorphosis of
conformal symmetry sheds light on the nature of the AdS/CFT correspondence. In
this paper, we derive the conformal Ward identity for the bosonic sector of the
N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory using the background field method. We then
compute the leading quantum modification of the conformal transformation for a
specific Abelian background which is of interest in the context of the AdS/CFT
correspondence. In the case of scalar fields, our final result agrees with that
of Jevicki et al. The resulting vector and scalar transformations coincide with
those which are characteristic of a D3-brane embedded in AdS5 x S5.
