  Periodic structures with subwavelength features are instrumental in the
versatile and effective control of electromagnetic waves from radio frequencies
up to optics. In this paper, we theoretically evaluate the potential
applications and performance of electromagnetic metasurfaces made of
periodically patterned graphene. Several graphene metasurfaces are presented,
thereby demonstrating that such ultrathin surfaces can be used to dynamically
control the electromagnetic wave reflection, absorption, or polarization.
Indeed, owing to the graphene properties, the structure performance in terms of
resonance frequencies and bandwidths changes with the variation of
electrostatic bias fields. To demonstrate the applicability of the concept at
different frequency ranges, the examples provided range from microwave to
infrared, corresponding to graphene features with length-scales of a few
millimeters down to about a micrometer, respectively. The results are obtained
using a full-vector semianalytical numerical technique developed to accurately
model the graphene-based multilayer periodic structures under study.
