  We explain the anomaly of election results between large cities and rural
areas in terms of urban scaling in the 1948-2016 US elections and in the 2016
EU referendum of the UK. The scaling curves are all universal and depend on a
single parameter only, and one of the parties always shows superlinear scaling
and drives the process, while the sublinear exponent of the other party is
merely the consequence of probability conservation. Based on the recently
developed model of urban scaling, we give a microscopic model of voter behavior
in which we replace diversity characterizing humans in creative aspects with
social diversity and tolerance. The model can also predict new political
developments such as the fragmentation of the left and 'the immigration
paradox'.
