  In recent years, numerical models that were developed for Earth have been
adapted to study exoplanetary climates to understand how the broad range of
possible exoplanetary properties affects their climate state. The recent
discovery and upcoming characterization of nearby rocky exoplanets opens an
avenue toward understanding the processes that shape planetary climates and
lead to the persistent habitability of Earth. In this review, we summarize
recent advances in understanding the climate of rocky exoplanets, including
their atmospheric structure, chemistry, evolution, and atmospheric and oceanic
circulation. We describe current and upcoming astronomical observations that
will constrain the climate of rocky exoplanets and describe how modeling tools
will both inform and interpret future observations.
