  We present a BRST analysis of supersymmetry anomalies of $\mathcal{N} = 1$
supersymmetric quantum field theories with anomalous R symmetry. To this end,
we consider the coupling of the matter theory to classical $\mathcal{N} = 1$
new minimal supergravity. We point out that a supersymmetry anomaly cocycle
associated to the $\mathrm{U}(1){}_\mathrm{R}$ field does exist for this
theory. It is non-trivial in the space of supergravity fields (and ghosts), but
it becomes BRST-exact in the functional space that includes antifields.
Equivalently, the $\mathrm{U}(1){}_\mathrm{R}$ supersymmetry anomaly cocycle
vanishes "on-shell". It is therefore removable. However, to remove it --
precisely because it is not trivial in the smaller space of fields -- one needs
to deform the supergravity BRST operator. This deformation is triggered, at
first order in the anomaly coefficient, by a local operator $S_1$ of ghost
number 1. We give a cohomological characterization of $S_1$ and compute it in
full detail. At higher orders in the anomaly coefficient, we expect a priori
that further deformations of the BRST rules are necessary.
