  We investigate the effects of the pairing in spherical nuclei. We use the
same finite-range interaction of Gogny type in the three steps of our approach,
Hartree-Fock, Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer, and quasi-particle random phase
approximation calculations. We study electric and magnetic dipole, quadrupole
and octuple excitations in oxygen and calcium isotopes and also in isotopes
with 20 neutrons. We investigate the pairing effects on single particle
energies and occupation probabilities, on the excitation energies, $B$-values
and collectivity of low-lying states including the isoscalar electric dipole
and the magnetic dipole excitations, and also the giant resonances. The
inclusion of the pairing increases the values of the excitation energies in all
the cases we have studied. In general, the effects of the pairing are too small
to remarkably improve the agreement with the available experimental data.
