  This tutorial review focuses on the basic theoretical backgrounds, their
working principles, and implementation of impedance spectroscopy in both
electroceramics and electrochemical research and technological applications.
Various contributions to the impedance, admittance, dielectric, and
conductivity characteristics of electroceramic materials can be disentangled
and independently characterized with the help of impedance spectroscopy as a
function of frequency and temperature. In polycrystalline materials, the
impedance, charge transport/ conduction mechanism, and the macroscopic
dielectric properties i.e., dielectric constant and loss are typically composed
of many contributions, including the bulk or grain resistance/capacitance,
grain boundary, and sample-electrode interface effect. Similarly,
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) endeavors to the charging
kinetics, diffusion, and mechanical impact of various electrochemical systems
widely used in energy storage (i.e., supercapacitor, battery), corrosion
resistance, chemical and bio-sensing, diagnostics, etc. in electrolytes as a
function of frequency. The understanding of various contributions in the EIS
spectra i.e., kinetic control, mass control, and diffusion control is essential
for their practical implications. It is demonstrated that electrochemical and
electroceramics impedance spectroscopy is an effective method to explain and
simulate such behavior. Deconvolute these contributions to obtain a detailed
understanding of the functionality of polycrystalline electroceramic materials.
This short review aims to endow the expertise of senior researchers in many
fields where both EIS (electrochemical and ceramics) are involved, as well as
to provide the necessary background information for junior researchers working
in these fields.
