  Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications are increasingly supporting
highway operations such as electronic toll collection, carpooling, and vehicle
platooning. In this paper we study the incentives of strategic misbehavior by
individual vehicles who can exploit the security vulnerabilities in V2I
communications and negatively impact the highway operations. We consider a
V2I-enabled highway segment facing two classes of vehicles (agent populations),
each with an authorized access to one server (subset of lanes). Vehicles are
strategic in that they can misreport their class (type) to the system operator
and get an unauthorized access to the server dedicated to the other class. This
misbehavior causes additional congestion externality on the compliant vehicles,
and thus, needs to be deterred. We focus on an environment where the operator
is able to inspect the vehicles for misbehavior. The inspection is costly and
successful detection incurs a fine on the misbehaving vehicle. We formulate a
signaling game to study the strategic interaction between the vehicle classes
and the operator. Our equilibrium analysis provides conditions on the cost
parameters that govern the vehicles' incentive to misbehave or not. We also
determine the operator's equilibrium inspection strategy.
