  In this thesis we investigated, at partonic level and leading order, the LHC
potencial operating with $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV and integrated luminosity of
$L=100\;{fb}^{-1}$ to probe "pure" (without triple vertex contributions)
anomalous electroweak quartic couplings, $WWWW$ and $WWZZ$, in the semileptonic
$pp \rightarrow l^{\pm}\nu_{l}jjjj$ channel, enhanced by the Vector Boson
Fusion collider signatures. Deviations on SM quartic couplings were
parameterized in a model independent approach, realized linearly ($L_{S0}$ and
$L_{S1}$ operators) or not ($L_{4}$ and $L_{5}$ operators), on the basis of
effective lagrangians. Being our analysis essentially events counting-and-cut
based, we took into account all possible backgrounds (irreducible, QCD and top
quarks processes) considered at ${\cal O}(\alpha_{em}^{6})$, ${\cal
O(\alpha_{em}^{4}\alpha_{s}^{2})$ and ${\cal
O}(\alpha_{em}^{2}\alpha_{s}^{4})$. In this way, we have obtained the following
constraints for the non-linear $\alpha_{4}$ and $\alpha_{5}$ anomalous
couplings: $|\alpha_{4,5}| \lesssim 0.01$ to 0.02 at 3$\sigma$. Based on
non-linear results, we have estimated, for a specific choice of factorization
and renormalization scale, the linear parameters $f_{0}$ and $f_{1}$
constraints as $-22 \leq \dfrac{f_{0}}{\Lambda^{4}}\;({TeV}^{-4}) \leq 20,
\quad {and} \quad -26 \leq \dfrac{f_{1}}{\Lambda^{4}}\;({TeV}^{-4}) \leq 24$ at
3$\sigma$. On a different approach, manipulating one extension of the SM named
$331_{RHN}$, we have evaluated the contribution of new sources of FCNC for the
difference of mass of neutral meson systems, $K_{0}-\bar{K_{0}}$,
$D^{0}-\bar{D^0}$ and $B^0_d-\bar{B^0_d}$. Bounds related to these systems may
be significantly strengthened in the presence of these new interactions
allowing stronger constraints on the parameter space of the model.
