  The rapid increase in Electric Vehicle (EV) adoption provides a promising
solution for reducing carbon emissions and fossil fuel dependency in
transportation systems. However, the increasing numbers of EVs pose significant
challenges to the electrical grids. In addition, the number of Distributed
Energy Resources (DER) and Microgrids (MGs) is increasing on a global scale to
meet the energy demand, consequently changing the energy infrastructure.
Recently, energy-sharing methods have been proposed to share excess energy from
DERs and EVs in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (EVCI) and MGs.
Accommodating this sharing mechanism with the existing electrical distribution
systems is a critical issue concerning the economic, reliability, and
resilience aspects. This study examines the ever-changing field of EVCI and the
critical role of peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading in mitigating the problems
with grid management that result from unorganized EV charging and intermittency
in DER. Also, the possibility of energy sharing in electrical distribution
systems for microgrids and EVCI on various energy-sharing methods and
algorithms are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the application of market
clearing algorithms like game theory, double auction theory, blockchain
technology, optimization techniques, machine learning algorithms, and other
models from the existing literature are presented. This paper discusses the
policies, economic benefits, environmental impacts, societal advantages, and
challenges in distribution systems related to sharing in EVCI and MGs. A
roadmap for future research and sharing strategies is provided to guide
policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders toward a sustainable,
resilient, and efficient energy market by integrating P2P technology into EVCIs
and MGs.
