  In the development of terahertz (THz) communication systems, the nanoantenna
is the most significant component. Especially, the focus is to design highly
directive antennas, because it enhances the performance of the overall system
by compensating the large path loss at THz and thus improves the
signal-to-noise ratio. This paper presents suitable material for nanoantenna
design and the advancement in their performance for THz communications. Copper,
Graphene, and carbon nanotube materials are used as promising candidates for
nanoantenna design. The performance of nanoantennas is carried out by analyzing
the properties and behavior of the material at THz. Results show that the
Graphene nanoantenna provides better performance in terms of miniaturization,
directivity, and radiation efficiency. Further, the performance enhancement of
the nanoantenna at THz is studied by dynamically adjusting the surface
conductivity via the chemical potential of Graphene using the electric field
effect. The performance of the nanoantenna is enhanced in terms of high
miniaturization, high directivity, low reflection, frequency reconfiguration,
and stable impedance. The THz nanoantennas using Graphene have the potential to
be used for THz communication systems. In view of the smart THz wireless
environment; this paper finally presents a THz Hypersurface using Graphene
meta-atoms. The user-side Graphene nanoantennas and environment-side Graphene
Hypersurface can build a promising smart THz wireless environment.
