  Federated learning has emerged as a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving
collaboration among different parties. Recently, with the popularity of
federated learning, an influx of approaches have delivered towards different
realistic challenges. In this survey, we provide a systematic overview of the
important and recent developments of research on federated learning. Firstly,
we introduce the study history and terminology definition of this area. Then,
we comprehensively review three basic lines of research: generalization,
robustness, and fairness, by introducing their respective background concepts,
task settings, and main challenges. We also offer a detailed overview of
representative literature on both methods and datasets. We further benchmark
the reviewed methods on several well-known datasets. Finally, we point out
several open issues in this field and suggest opportunities for further
research. We also provide a public website to continuously track developments
in this fast advancing field: https://github.com/WenkeHuang/MarsFL.
