  Objective: The reservoir of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) latently
infected cells is the major obstacle for eradication of acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Due to the noisy environment and multiple
influencing factors in the organism, current dynamical models cannot reach a
common understanding of the molecular mechanism of HIV latency. In this work,
through a new dynamical structure decomposition, the deterministic part of the
equation can be separated from the stochastic noise. Thus, the fixed-point
analysis of ordinary differential equation is enough to obtain the different
steady states of the system. Methods: We established a dynamical model of HIV
transcription process by using continuous stochastic differential equations,
which simplifies the dimensions of equations needed to describe the system and
increases the explorable space of the model. Different states between latency
and activation of virus and their relations can be intuitively represented by
potential functions and probability distribution functions. Results: Based on
our model, the influence of different dynamical parameters on stability is
quantitatively analyzed, the parameter ranges of the system in bistable and
monostable states are obtained respectively. The theoretical basis of this work
is verified by comparing the effects of different factors on dynamic
bifurcation with the results of biological experiments. Conclusion: This paper
goes beyond previous discrete stochastic methods, and can quantitatively
analyze the dynamic mechanism of HIV transcriptional regulation through
ordinary differential equations, which is beneficial to the promotion to deal
with the high-dimensional situation, and further study the occurrence and
development of AIDS in vivo, so as to guide the design of experiments and
search for clinical treatment.
