  By supplementing supersymmetric SO(10) with an anomalous ${\cal U}(1)$ flavor
symmetry and additional `matter' superfields carrying suitable ${\cal U}(1)$
charges, we explain the charged fermion mass hierarchies, the magnitudes of the
CKM matrix elements, as well as the solar and atmospheric neutrino data. We
stress bi-maximal vacuum neutrino mixings, and indicate how the small or large
mixing angle MSW solution can be incorporated. The ${\cal U}(1)$ symmetry also
implies that $\tau_{p\to K\nu}[SO(10)]\sim (10-100)\cdot \tau_{p\to K\nu}[{\rm
minimal}~SU(5)]$.
