  A recent editorial in Nature noted that cognitive neuroscience is at a
crossroads where it is a thorny issue to reliably reveal brain-behavior
associations. This commentary sketches a big data science way out for cognitive
neuroscience, namely population neuroscience. In terms of design, analysis, and
interpretations, population neuroscience research takes the design control to
an unprecedented level, greatly expands the dimensions of the data analysis
space, and paves a paradigm shift for exploring mechanisms on brain-behavior
associations.
