  This article expands on the ideas presented in arXiv:1910.08759. The article
demonstrates that within a unified monitoring system, cities can collect not
only detailed resource consumption data but also information on the
environmental conditions under a common set of rules. A method for constructing
asynchronous sensor monitoring systems for controlled parameters in Smart City
is proposed. The controlled parameters include: resource consumption in
apartment buildings (electricity, cold and hot water, heat, gas); indoor and
outdoor air pollution indicators (carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides,
hydrocarbons, dust, heavy metals, radiation levels, etc.); meteorological
parameters (air temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and
direction). In an asynchronous sensor monitoring system, an event occurs when
the value of a controlled parameter changes by a specified amount. This enables
adjusting the granularity of the collected data. More detailed data contains
more information and is therefore more valuable. Transitioning from traditional
synchronous systems, where the value of a controlled parameter is recorded at
set time intervals, to asynchronous systems allows for the abandonment of
complex "smart meters" and the use of extremely simple and inexpensive sensors.
Standardizing the data transmission protocol for all types of controlled
parameters and reducing the cost of the most widespread equipment in the system
-- sensors -- leads to lower expenses for creating and operating a monitoring
system. Lower costs and increased value of collected data enable the potential
opening of a new market -- a market for data on resource consumption and
environmental parameters in Smart City, attracting private businesses to this
area and accelerating the energy transition towards a global economy with zero
greenhouse gas emissions.
