  Training deep neural networks on large datasets can often be accelerated by
using multiple compute nodes. This approach, known as distributed training, can
utilize hundreds of computers via specialized message-passing protocols such as
Ring All-Reduce. However, running these protocols at scale requires reliable
high-speed networking that is only available in dedicated clusters. In
contrast, many real-world applications, such as federated learning and
cloud-based distributed training, operate on unreliable devices with unstable
network bandwidth. As a result, these applications are restricted to using
parameter servers or gossip-based averaging protocols. In this work, we lift
that restriction by proposing Moshpit All-Reduce - an iterative averaging
protocol that exponentially converges to the global average. We demonstrate the
efficiency of our protocol for distributed optimization with strong theoretical
guarantees. The experiments show 1.3x speedup for ResNet-50 training on
ImageNet compared to competitive gossip-based strategies and 1.5x speedup when
training ALBERT-large from scratch using preemptible compute nodes.
