  Clustering properties and peculiar velocities of halos in large-scale
structure carry a wealth of cosmological information over a wide range of
scales from linear to nonlinear scales. We use halo catalogs in a suite of
high-resolution $N$-body simulations to construct mock catalogs of galaxies
that resemble the SDSS-like luminous early-type galaxies at three redshift bins
in the range $0.15\le z\le 0.7$. To do this we include 10 nuisance parameters
to model variations in halo-galaxy connections for each redshift bin; the halo
occupation distribution, and the spatial and velocity distributions of galaxies
in the host halos. We evaluate the Fisher information matrix for the
redshift-space power spectrum of SDSS-like galaxies using different sets of the
mock catalogs that are generated from changes in each of model parameters;
cosmological parameters ($\sigma_8$ and $\Omega_{\rm m}$), the halo-galaxy
connection parameters, and the cosmological distances ($D_{\rm A}$ and $H$
parameters at each redshift bin) for modeling an apparent geometrical
distortion of the redshift-space power spectrum (the Alcock-Paczynski effect).
We show that combining the monopole and quadrupole power spectra of galaxies
allows for accurate estimations of the cosmological parameters and the
cosmological distances, even after marginalization over the halo-galaxy
parameters, by lifting the parameter degeneracies that are otherwise inevitable
if either of the two spectra alone is used. When including the galaxy power
spectrum information up to $k=0.3\,h\,$Mpc$^{-1}$, we find about factor of 6
gain in the cosmological information content of ($\sigma_8,\Omega_{\rm
m},D_{\rm A}$'s and $H$'s) compared to $k=0.2\,h\,$Mpc$^{-1}$.
