  This article takes the inspiration from two milestones in the study of non
minimal actions of groups on the circle: Duminy's theorem about the number of
ends of semi-exceptional leaves and Ghys' freeness result in analytic
regularity. Our first result concerns groups of analytic diffeomorphisms with
infinitely many ends: if the action is non expanding, then the group is
virtually free. The second result is a Duminy's theorem for minimal codimension
one foliations: either non expandable leaves have infinitely many ends, or the
holonomy pseudogroup preserves a projective structure.
