  Stars that are collapsing toward forming a black hole but are frozen near the
Schwarzschild horizon are termed "black stars". Collisions of black stars, in
contrast to black hole collisions, may be sources of gamma ray bursts, whose
basic parameters are estimated quite simply and are found to be consistent with
observed gamma ray bursts. Black star gamma ray bursts should be preceded by
gravitational wave emission similar to that from the coalescence of black
holes.
