  We present the cosmological analysis of the configuration-space anisotropic
clustering in the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) extended
Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) DR16 galaxy sample. This sample
consists of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) spanning the redshift range $0.6 < z <
1$, at an effective redshift of $z_{\rm eff}=0.698$. It combines 174 816 eBOSS
LRGs and 202 642 BOSS CMASS galaxies. We extract and model the baryon acoustic
oscillations (BAO) and redshift-space distortions (RSD) features from the
galaxy two-point correlation function to infer geometrical and dynamical
cosmological constraints. The adopted methodology is extensively tested on a
set of realistic simulations. The correlations between the inferred parameters
from the BAO and full-shape correlation function analyses are estimated. This
allows us to derive joint constraints on the three cosmological parameter
combinations: $D_M(z)/r_d$, $D_H(z)/r_d$ and $f\sigma_8(z)$, where $D_M$ is the
comoving angular diameter distance, $D_H$ is Hubble distance, $r_d$ is the
comoving BAO scale, $f$ is the linear growth rate of structure, and $\sigma_8$
is the amplitude of linear matter perturbations. After combining the results
with those from the parallel power spectrum analysis of Gil-Marin et al. 2020,
we obtain the constraints: $D_M/r_d = 17.65 \pm 0.30$, $D_H/r_d = 19.77 \pm
0.47$, $f\sigma_8 = 0.473 \pm 0.044$. These measurements are consistent with a
flat $\Lambda$CDM model with standard gravity.
