  As Mobile Networks (MNs) are advancing towards meeting mobile users
requirements, the rural-urban divide still remains a major challenge. While
areas within the urban space (metropolitan mobile space) are being developed,
rural areas are left behind. Due to challenges of low population density, low
income, difficult terrain, non-existent infrastructure, lack of power grid,
remote areas have low digital penetration. This situation makes remote areas
less attractive towards investments and to operate connectivity networks, thus
failing to achieve universal access to the Internet. In addressing this issue,
this paper proposes a new BS deployment and resource management method for
remote and rural areas. Here, two MN operators share their resources towards
the procurement and deployment of green energy-powered BSs equipped with
computing capabilities. Then, the network infrastructure is shared between the
mobile operators, with the main goal of enabling energy-efficient
infrastructure sharing, i.e., BS and its co-located computing platform. Using
this resource management strategy in rural communication sites guarantees a
Quality of Service (QoS) comparable to that of urban communication sites. The
performance evaluation conducted through simulations validates our analysis as
the prediction variations observed shows greater accuracy between the harvested
energy and the traffic load. Also, the energy savings decrease as the number of
mobile users (50 users in our case) connected to the remote site increases.
Lastly, the proposed algorithm achieves 51% energy savings when compared with
the 43% obtained by our benchmark algorithm. The proposed method demonstrates
superior performance over the benchmark algorithm as it uses foresighted
optimization where the harvested energy and the expected load are predicted
over a given short-term horizon.
