  The current research work has developed two novel algorithms for image-based
measurement of Percentage Closure of Eyes-PERCLOS and Saccadic Ratio-SR. The
PERCLOS is estimated by correlation filter-based technique. An innovative
combination of gray scale and Near Infrared sensitive camera with passive NIR
illuminator helps to achieve higher accuracy than the existing art. Two novel
techniques have been developed for the detection of iris centre and eye
corners. We propose an index called Form Factor to find the iris position. The
saccadic velocity profile can be estimated from the temporal information of the
iris positions using standard tracking algorithm such as Extended Kalman
filter. Experimental results indicate that the estimation of both SR and
PERCLOS can predict the level of alertness of an operator from onset of
diminished alertness to fatigue.
