  The ``Swampland Program'' aims to discriminate consistent-looking effective
field theories that do not admit a UV completion in quantum gravity from those
that do. While most often developed under the umbrella of string theory,
several swampland criteria have been explored also in other contexts,
especially asymptotically safe gravity. A comparison between different
approaches can help to clarify the dependence of low-energy constraints on UV
physics and thereby shed light on the universality of quantum gravity itself.
In this short review we summarise what is known about three important swampland
conjectures in string theory and in asymptotic safety. We point out future
lines of research that can help to understand to what extent swampland
conjectures are absolute, i.e. hold in quantum gravity in general, or relative,
i.e. belong only to a specific UV framework.
