  Autonomous Wireless Sensors (AWSs) are at the core of every Wireless Sensor
Network (WSN). Current AWS technology allows the development of many IoT-based
applications, ranging from military to bioengineering and from industry to
education. The energy optimization of AWSs depends mainly on: Structural,
functional, and application specifications. The holistic design methodology
addresses all the factors mentioned above. In this sense, we propose an
original solution based on a novel architecture that duplicates the
transceivers and also the power source using a hybrid storage system. By
identifying the consumption needs of the transceivers, an appropriate
methodology for sizing and controlling the power flow for the power source is
proposed. The paper emphasizes the fusion between information, communication,
and energy consumption of the AWS in terms of spectrum information through a
set of transceiver testing scenarios, identifying the main factors that
influence the sensor node design and their inter-dependencies. Optimization of
the system considers all these factors obtaining an energy efficient AWS,
paving the way towards autonomous sensors by adding an energy harvesting
element to them.
