  Applying supersymmetric localization for superstring worldsheet theory with
N=(1,1) supersymmetries on a cylinder and with arbitrary boundary interactions,
we find the most general formula for the Ramond-Ramond (RR) coupling of
D-branes. We allow all massive excitations of open superstrings, and find that
only a finite number of them can contribute to the formula. The formula is
written by Quillen's superconnection which includes higher form gauge fields,
and the resultant general Chern-Simons terms are consistent with RR charge
quantization. Applying the formula to boundary string field theory of a BPS
D9-brane or a D9-antiD9 brane system, we find that any D9-brane creation via
massive mode condensation is impossible.
