  In this study, we introduce "CosmoAgent," an innovative artificial
intelligence framework utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) to simulate
complex interactions between human and extraterrestrial civilizations, with a
special emphasis on Stephen Hawking's cautionary advice about not sending radio
signals haphazardly into the universe. The goal is to assess the feasibility of
peaceful coexistence while considering potential risks that could threaten
well-intentioned civilizations. Employing mathematical models and state
transition matrices, our approach quantitatively evaluates the development
trajectories of civilizations, offering insights into future decision-making at
critical points of growth and saturation. Furthermore, the paper acknowledges
the vast diversity in potential living conditions across the universe, which
could foster unique cosmologies, ethical codes, and worldviews among various
civilizations. Recognizing the Earth-centric bias inherent in current LLM
designs, we propose the novel concept of using LLMs with diverse ethical
paradigms and simulating interactions between entities with distinct moral
principles. This innovative research provides a new way to understand complex
inter-civilizational dynamics, expanding our perspective while pioneering novel
strategies for conflict resolution, which are crucial for preventing
interstellar conflicts. We have also released the code and datasets to enable
further academic investigation into this interesting area of research. The code
is available at
https://github.com/MingyuJ666/Simulating-Alien-Civilizations-with-LLM-based-Agents.
