  The formation and dynamics of a wide variety of binary two-dimensional
ordered structures and superlattices are investigated through a phase field
crystal model with sublattice ordering. Various types of binary ordered phases,
the phase diagrams, and the grain growth dynamics and structural transformation
processes, including the emergence of topological defects, are examined. The
results are compared to the ordering and assembly of two-component colloidal
systems. Two factors governing the binary phase ordering are identified, the
coupling and competition between the length scales of two sublattices and the
selection of average particle densities of two components. The control and
variation of these two factors lead to the prediction of various complex binary
ordered patterns, with different types of sublattice ordering for integer vs.
noninteger ratios of sublattice length scales. These findings will enable
further systematic studies of complex ordering and assembly processes of binary
systems particularly binary colloidal crystals.
