  In neutron stars, flavor-changing weak interactions determine the equilibrium
fraction of protons over neutrons. In binary neutron-star mergers, violent
changes in density modify this equilibrium value at timescales of milliseconds,
comparable to those required for weak interactions to take place. As a result,
the fraction of protons evolves out of phase with the density oscillations,
giving rise to irreversible processes. The corresponding shift in pressure
leads to dissipative work that can be modeled as an effective bulk-viscous
correction. In this work, we derive the relevant equations of motion of
Israel-Stewart hydrodynamics within this context. Using a toy model, we compute
the second-order transport coefficients. Finally, we comment on the use of a
realistic equation of state. Our results are expected to be useful for the
study of viscous effects in numerical simulations of binary mergers.
