  As the design of single-component battery electrodes has matured, the battery
industry has turned to hybrid electrodes with blends of two or more active
materials to enhance battery performance. Leveraging the best properties of
each material while mitigating their drawbacks, multi-component hybrid
electrodes open a vast new design space that could be most efficiently explored
through simulations. In this article, we introduce a mathematical modeling
framework and open-source battery simulation software package for Hybrid
Multiphase Porous Electrode Theory (Hybrid-MPET), capable of accounting for the
parallel reactions, phase transformations and multiscale heterogeneities in
hybrid porous electrodes. Hybrid-MPET models can simulate both solid solution
and multiphase active materials in hybrid electrodes at intra-particle and
inter-particle scales. Its modular design also allows the combination of
different active materials at any capacity fraction. To illustrate the novel
features of Hybrid-MPET, we present experimentally validated models of
silicon-graphite (Si-Gr) anodes used in electric vehicle batteries and carbon
monofluoride (CFx) - silver vanadium oxide (SVO) cathodes used in implantable
medical device batteries. The results demonstrate the potential of Hybrid-MPET
models to accelerate the development of hybrid electrode batteries by providing
fast predictions of their performance over a wide range of design parameters
and operating protocols.
