  Multiscale finite element methods for 2D/1D problems have been studied in
this work to demonstrate their excellent ability to solve real-world problems.
These methods are much more efficient than conventional 3D finite element
methods and just as accurate. The 2D/1D multiscale finite element methods are
based on a magnetic vector potential or a current vector potential. Known
currents for excitation can be replaced by the Biot-Savart-field. Boundary
conditions allow to integrate planes of symmetry. All presented approaches
consider eddy currents, an insulation layer and preserve the edge effect. A
segment of a fictitious electrical machine has been studied to demonstrate all
above options, the accuracy and the low computational costs of the 2D/1D
multiscale finite element methods.
