  Measurement-based quantum computation is a model for quantum information
processing utilizing local measurements on suitably entangled resource states
for the implementation of quantum gates. A complete characterization for
universal resource states is still missing. It has been shown that
symmetry-protected topological order in one dimension can be exploited for the
protection of certain quantum gates in measurement-based quantum computation.
In this paper we show that the two-dimensional plaquette states on arbitrary
lattices exhibit nontrivial symmetry-protected topological order in terms of
symmetry fractionalization and that they are universal resource states for
quantum computation. Our results of the nontrivial symmetry-protected
topological order on arbitrary 2D lattices are based on an extension of the
recent construction by Chen, Gu, Liu and Wen [Phys. Rev. B \textbf{87}, 155114
(2013)] on the square lattice.
