  Extra symmetries are shown to exist in the effective theory of heavy quarks
when both quarks and anti-quarks with the same velocity are included. These
symmetries mix the quark with the anti-quark sector and they resemble
axial-type of symmetries. Together with the known flavor and spin symmetries
they form a $u(4)$ algebra when a single flavor is considered. It is shown that
the full $U(4)$ set of symmetries breaks spontaneously down to $ U(2) \otimes
U(2)$. The Goldstone modes corresponding to the spontaneously broken currents
are identified. Finally, the precise connection of this theory with the
fundamental QCD is derived and it is investigated under some approximations.
Some physical processes where these extra symmetries may be relevant are
pointed out.
