  The task of scientific Natural Language Inference (NLI) involves predicting
the semantic relation between two sentences extracted from research articles.
This task was recently proposed along with a new dataset called SciNLI derived
from papers published in the computational linguistics domain. In this paper,
we aim to introduce diversity in the scientific NLI task and present MSciNLI, a
dataset containing 132,320 sentence pairs extracted from five new scientific
domains. The availability of multiple domains makes it possible to study domain
shift for scientific NLI. We establish strong baselines on MSciNLI by
fine-tuning Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) and prompting Large Language
Models (LLMs). The highest Macro F1 scores of PLM and LLM baselines are 77.21%
and 51.77%, respectively, illustrating that MSciNLI is challenging for both
types of models. Furthermore, we show that domain shift degrades the
performance of scientific NLI models which demonstrates the diverse
characteristics of different domains in our dataset. Finally, we use both
scientific NLI datasets in an intermediate task transfer learning setting and
show that they can improve the performance of downstream tasks in the
scientific domain. We make our dataset and code available on Github.
