  Cryptography is vital for data security, but cryptographic algorithms can
still be vulnerable to side-channel attacks (SCAs), physical assaults
exploiting power consumption and EM radiation. SCAs pose a significant threat
to cryptographic integrity, compromising device keys. While literature on SCAs
focuses on real-world devices, the rise of sophisticated devices necessitates
fresh approaches. Electromagnetic side-channel analysis (EM-SCA) gathers
information by monitoring EM radiation, capable of retrieving encryption keys
and detecting malicious activity. This study evaluates EM-SCA's impact on
encryption across scenarios and explores its role in digital forensics and law
enforcement. Addressing encryption susceptibility to EM-SCA can empower
forensic investigators in overcoming encryption challenges, maintaining their
crucial role in law enforcement. Additionally, the paper defines EM-SCA's
current state in attacking encryption, highlighting vulnerable and resistant
encryption algorithms and devices, and promising EM-SCA approaches. This study
offers a comprehensive analysis of EM-SCA in law enforcement and digital
forensics, suggesting avenues for further research.
