  Karl Pearson is the leading figure of XX century statistics. He and his
co-workers crafted the core of the theory, methods and language of frequentist
or classical statistics -- the prevalent inductive logic of contemporary
science. However, before working in statistics, K.Pearson had other interests
in life, namely, in this order, philosophy, physics, and biological heredity.
Key concepts of his philosophical and epistemological system of anti-Spinozism
(a form of transcendental idealism) are carried over to his subsequent works on
the logic of scientific discovery. This article's main goal is to analyze
K.Pearson early philosophical and theological ideas and to investigate how the
same ideas came to influence contemporary science, either directly or
indirectly -- by the use of variant theories, methods and dialects of
statistics, corresponding to variant statistical inference procedures and their
specific belief calculi.
