  This review describes the properties of hadronic phases of dense matter in
compact stars. The theory is developed within the method of real-time Green's
functions and is applied to study of baryonic matter at and above the
saturation density. The non-relativistic and covariant theories based on
continuum Green's functions and the T-matrix and related approximations to the
self-energies are reviewed. The effects of symmetry energy, onset of hyperons
and meson condensation on the properties of stellar configurations are
demonstrated on specific examples. Neutrino interactions with baryonic matter
are introduced within a kinetic theory. We concentrate on the classification,
analysis and first principle derivation of neutrino radiation processes from
unpaired and superfluid hadronic phases. We then demonstrate how neutrino
radiation rates from various microscopic processes affect the macroscopic
cooling of neutron stars and how the observed X-ray fluxes from pulsars
constrain the properties of dense hadronic matter.
