  Young stars are mostly found in dense stellar environments, and even our own
Solar system may have formed in a star cluster. Here, we numerically explore
the evolution of planetary systems similar to our own Solar system in star
clusters. We investigate the evolution of planetary systems in star clusters.
Most stellar encounters are tidal, hyperbolic, and adiabatic. A small fraction
of the planetary systems escape from the star cluster within 50 Myr; those with
low escape speeds often remain intact during and after the escape process.
While most planetary systems inside the star cluster remain intact, a subset is
strongly perturbed during the first 50 Myr. Over the course of time, 0.3 % -
5.3 % of the planets escape, sometimes up to tens of millions of years after a
stellar encounter occurred. Survival rates are highest for Jupiter, while
Uranus and Neptune have the highest escape rates. Unless directly affected by a
stellar encounter itself, Jupiter frequently serves as a barrier that protects
the terrestrial planets from perturbations in the outer planetary system. In
low-density environments, Jupiter provides protection from perturbations in the
outer planetary system, while in high-density environments, direct
perturbations of Jupiter by neighbouring stars is disruptive to habitable-zone
planets. The diversity amongst planetary systems that is present in the star
clusters at 50 Myr, and amongst the escaping planetary systems, is high, which
contributes to explaining the high diversity of observed exoplanet systems in
star clusters and in the Galactic field
