  The LOCKSS program has developed and deployed in a world-wide test a system
for preserving access to academic journals published on the Web. The
fundamental problem for any digital preservation system is that it must be
affordable for the long term. To reduce the cost of ownership, the LOCKSS
system uses generic PC hardware, open source software, and peer-to-peer
technology. It is packaged as a ``network appliance'', a single-function box
that can be connected to the Internet, configured and left alone to do its job
with minimal monitoring or administration. The first version of this system was
based on a Linux boot floppy. After three years of testing it was replaced by a
second version, based on OpenBSD and booting from CD-ROM.
  We focus in this paper on the design, implementation and deployment of a
network appliance based on an open source operating system. We provide an
overview of the LOCKSS application and describe the experience of deploying and
supporting its first version. We list the requirements we took from this to
drive the design of the second version, describe how we satisfied them in the
OpenBSD environment, and report on the initial
