  Urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) is the ninth most common cancer that accounts
for 4.7% of all the new cancer cases globally. UCC development and progression
are due to complex and stochastic genetic programmes. To study the cascades of
molecular events underlying the poor prognosis that may lead to limited
treatment options for advanced disease and resistance to conventional therapies
in UCC, transcriptomics technology (RNA-Seq), a method of analysing the RNA
content of a sample using modern high-throughput sequencing platforms has been
employed. Here we review the principles of RNA-Seq technology and summarize
recent studies on human bladder cancer that employed this technique to unravel
the pathogenesis of the disease, identify biomarkers, discover pathways and
classify the disease state. We list the commonly used computational platforms
and software that are publicly available for RNA-Seq analysis. Moreover, we
discussed the future perspectives for RNA-Seq studies on bladder cancer and
recommend the application of new technology called single cell sequencing
(scRNA-Seq) to further understand the disease. Keywords: Transcriptome
profiling, RNA-sequencing, genomics, bioinformatics, bladder cancer
