  Future Tele-operated Driving (ToD) applications place challenging Quality of
Service (QoS) demands on existing mobile communication networks that are of
highly important to comply with for safe operation. New remote control and
platooning services will emerge and pose high data rate and latency
requirements. One key enabler for these applications is the newly available 5G
New Radio (NR) promising higher bandwidth and lower latency than its
predecessors. In addition to that, public 5G networks do not consistently
deliver and do not guarantee the required data rates and latency of ToD. In
this paper, we discuss the communication-related requirements of tele-operated
driving. ToD is regarded as a complex system consisting of multiple research
areas. One key aspect of ToD is the provision and maintenance of the required
data rate for teleoperation by the mobile network. An in-advance prediction
method of the end-to-end data rate based on so-called Radio Environmental Maps
(REMs) is discussed. Furthermore, a novel approach improving the prediction
accuracy is introduced and it features individually optimized REM layers.
Finally, we analyze the implementation of tele-operated driving applications on
a scaled vehicular platform combined with a cyber-physical test environment
consisting of real and virtual objects. This approach enables large-scale
testing of remote operation and autonomous applications.
