  Shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) are fast routes to the final results of slow,
adiabatic changes of the controlling parameters of a system. The shortcuts are
designed by a set of analytical and numerical methods suitable for different
systems and conditions. A motivation to apply STA methods to quantum systems is
to manipulate them on timescales shorter than decoherence times. Thus shortcuts
to adiabaticity have become instrumental in preparing and driving internal and
motional states in atomic, molecular, and solid-state physics. Applications
range from information transfer and processing based on gates or analog
paradigms to interferometry and metrology. The multiplicity of STA paths for
the controlling parameters may be used to enhance robustness versus noise and
perturbations or to optimize relevant variables. Since adiabaticity is a
widespread phenomenon, STA methods also extended beyond the quantum world to
optical devices, classical mechanical systems, and statistical physics.
Shortcuts to adiabaticity combine well with other concepts and techniques, in
particular, with optimal control theory, and pose fundamental scientific and
engineering questions such as finding speed limits, quantifying the third law,
or determining process energy costs and efficiencies. Concepts, methods, and
applications of shortcuts to adiabaticity are reviewed and promising prospects
are outlined, as well as open questions and challenges ahead.
