  A sample-based stochastic model is presented to investigate the effects of
uncertainties of various input parameters, including laser fluence, laser pulse
duration, thermal conductivity constants for electron, and electron-lattice
coupling factor, on solid-liquid phase change of gold film under nano- to
femtosecond laser irradiation. Rapid melting and resolidification of a free
standing gold film subject to nano- to femtosecond laser are simulated using a
two-temperature model incorporated with the interfacial tracking method. The
interfacial velocity and temperature are obtained by solving the energy
equation in terms of volumetric enthalpy for control volume. The convergence of
variance (COV) is used to characterize the variability of the input parameters,
and the interquartile range (IQR) is used to calculate the uncertainty of the
output parameters. The IQR analysis shows that the laser fluence and the
electron-lattice coupling factor have the strongest influences on the
interfacial location, velocity, and temperatures.
