  This study investigates finite-volume effects in physical processes that
involve the combination of long-range hadronic matrix elements with electroweak
loop integrals. We adopt the approach of implementing the electroweak part as
the infinite-volume version, which is denoted as the EW$_\infty$ method in this
work. A general approach is established for correcting finite-volume effects in
cases where the hadronic intermediate states are dominated by either a single
particle or two particles. For the single-particle case, this work derives the
infinite volume reconstruction (IVR) method from a new perspective. For the
two-particle case, we provide the correction formulas for power-law
finite-volume effects and unphysical terms with exponentially divergent time
dependence. The finite-volume formalism developed in this study has broad
applications, including the QED corrections in various processes and the
two-photon exchange contribution in $K_L\to\mu^+\mu^-$ or $\eta\to\mu^+\mu^-$
decays.
