  We study gender representation on the editorial boards of 435 journals in the
mathematical sciences. Women are known to comprise approximately 15% of
tenure-stream faculty positions in doctoral-granting mathematical sciences
departments in the United States. Compared to this pool, the likely source of
journal editorships, we find that 8.9% of the 13067 editorships in our study
are held by women. We describe group variations within the editorships by
identifying specific journals, subfields, publishers, and countries that
significantly exceed or fall short of this average. To enable our study, we
develop a semi-automated method for inferring gender that has an estimated
accuracy of 97.5%. Our findings provide the first measure of gender
distribution on editorial boards in the mathematical sciences, offer insights
that suggest future studies in the mathematical sciences, and introduce new
methods that enable large-scale studies of gender distribution in other fields.
