  Recently, concepts of topological phases of matter are extended to
non-equilibrium systems, especially periodically driven systems. In this paper,
we construct an example which shows non-equilibrium topological phase
transitions using ultracold fermions in optical lattices. We show that the Rabi
oscillation has the possibility to induce non-equilibrium topological phases
which are classified into time-reversal-invariant topological insulators for a
two-orbital model of alkaline-earth-metal atoms. Furthermore we study the
non-equilibrium topological phases using time-dependent Schrieffer-Wolff-type
perturbation theory, and we obtain an analytical expression to describe the
topological phase transitions from a high-frequency limit of external driving
fields.
