  In recent months, the social impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has
gained considerable public interest, driven by the emergence of Generative AI
models, ChatGPT in particular. The rapid development of these models has
sparked heated discussions regarding their benefits, limitations, and
associated risks. Generative models hold immense promise across multiple
domains, such as healthcare, finance, and education, to cite a few, presenting
diverse practical applications. Nevertheless, concerns about potential adverse
effects have elicited divergent perspectives, ranging from privacy risks to
escalating social inequality. This paper adopts a methodology to delve into the
societal implications of Generative AI tools, focusing primarily on the case of
ChatGPT. It evaluates the potential impact on several social sectors and
illustrates the findings of a comprehensive literature review of both positive
and negative effects, emerging trends, and areas of opportunity of Generative
AI models. This analysis aims to facilitate an in-depth discussion by providing
insights that can inspire policy, regulation, and responsible development
practices to foster a human-centered AI.
