  Complex, interdependent systems are necessary to the delivery of goods and
services critical to societal function. Here we demonstrate how interdependent
systems respond to disruptions. Specifically, we change the spatial arrangement
of a disruption in infrastructure and show that -- while controlling for the
size -- changes in the spatial pattern of a disruption induce significant
changes in the way interdependent systems fail and recover. This work
demonstrates the potential to improve characterizations of hazard disruption to
infrastructure by incorporating additional information about the impact of
disruptions on interdependent systems.
