  Despite the success of quantum field theories, the origin of the mass of
elementary particles persists. The renormalization program is an essential part
of the calculation of the scattering amplitudes, where the infinities of the
calculated masses of the elementary particles are subtracted for the
progressive calculation of the higher-order perturbative terms. The
mathematical structure of the mass term from quantum field theories expressed
in the form of infinities suggests that there exists a finite dynamical mass in
the limit when the input mass parameter approaches zero. The Lagrangian
recovers symmetry at the same time as the input mass becomes zero, whereas the
self-energy diagrams acquire a finite dynamical mass of the quantum fields in
the 4-dimensional space when the dimensional regularization method of
renormalization is utilized. The complex forms of the QCD and QED interaction
potentials are obtained by replacing the fixed mass and coupling constants in
the Yukawa potential with the scale-dependent running coupling constant and the
corresponding dynamical mass. The derived QCD potential predicts quark
confinement and deconfinement, and the QED potential derived by the same method
predicts the sharply rising delta function potential near the contact distance
between the electron and positron.
