  The Mobile Internet Protocol (Mobile IP) is an extension to the Internet
Protocol proposed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) that addresses
the mobility issues. In order to support un-interrupted services and seamless
mobility of nodes across the networks (and/or sub-networks) with permanent IP
addresses, handover is performed in mobile IP enabled networks. Handover in
mobile IP is source cause of performance degradation as it results in increased
latency and packet loss during handover. Other issues like scalability issues,
ordered packet delivery issues, control plane management issues etc are also
adversely affected by it. The paper provides a constructive survey by
classifying, discussing and comparing different handover techniques that have
been proposed so far, for enhancing the performance during handovers. Finally
some general solutions that have been used to solve handover related problems
are briefly discussed.
