  We study the Jesuit mission churches in America, which for almost two
centuries were the most representative constructions in the process of
Christian evangelisation on the continent until the expulsion of the Order in
1767. The main objective is to discern possible orientation patterns in the
structures studied and to evaluate whether these orientations are related to
the rising of the sun or other celestial bodies on the local horizon, as
suggested by the texts of early Christian writers, which could provide
important and novel information about their history and construction.
Archaeoastronomical fieldwork has been carried out in the past in two large
regions of South America: the historic provinces of Paraquaria and
Chiquitan\'ia (eastern present-day Bolivia). These data must now be interpreted
within a broader cultural and geographical context. Thus, in order to obtain a
more complete picture of religious architecture on the continent, it is
necessary to analyse and compare the results with the orientation of Jesuit
churches built in the 17th and 18th centuries in North America (viceroyalty of
New Spain). We approached this project through the historical and cultural
analysis of the former mission sites and by means of satellite imagery. In this
paper we present some preliminary results we have reached.
