  Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field that enables exponential
speed-up over classical algorithms. At the heart of this revolutionary
technology are quantum circuits, which serve as vital tools for implementing,
analyzing, and optimizing quantum algorithms. Recent advancements in quantum
computing and the increasing capability of quantum devices have led to the
development of more complex quantum circuits. However, traditional quantum
circuit diagrams suffer from scalability and readability issues, which limit
the efficiency of analysis and optimization processes. In this research, we
propose a novel visualization approach for large-scale quantum circuits by
adopting semantic analysis to facilitate the comprehension of quantum circuits.
We first exploit meta-data and semantic information extracted from the
underlying code of quantum circuits to create component segmentations and
pattern abstractions, allowing for easier wrangling of massive circuit
diagrams. We then develop Quantivine, an interactive system for exploring and
understanding quantum circuits. A series of novel circuit visualizations are
designed to uncover contextual details such as qubit provenance, parallelism,
and entanglement. The effectiveness of Quantivine is demonstrated through two
usage scenarios of quantum circuits with up to 100 qubits and a formal user
evaluation with quantum experts. A free copy of this paper and all supplemental
materials are available at
https://osf.io/2m9yh/?view_only=0aa1618c97244f5093cd7ce15f1431f9.
