  As the ageing population and childlessness are increasing in rural China,
social pensions will become the mainstream choice for farmers, and the level of
social pensions must be supported by better social insurance. The paper
compares the history of rural pension insurance system, outlines the current
situation and problems, analyses China Family Panel Studies data and explores
the key factors influencing farmers' participation through an empirical
approach. The paper shows that residents' social pension insurance is facing
problems in the rural areas such as low level of protection and weak management
capacity, which have contributed to the under-insured rate, and finds that
there is a significant impact on farmers' participation in insurance from
personal characteristics factors such as gender, age, health and (family)
financial factors such as savings, personal income, intergenerational mobility
of funds. And use of the Internet can help farmers enroll in pension insurance.
The paper argues for the need to continue to implement the rural revitalisation
strategy, with the government as the lead and the market as the support, in a
concerted effort to improve the protection and popularity of rural pension
insurance.
