  The clinical need for vascular grafts is associated with cardiovascular
diseases frequently leading to fatal outcomes. Artificial vessels based on
bioresorbable polymers can replace the damaged vascular tissue or create a
bypass path for blood flow while stimulating regeneration of a blood vessel in
situ. However, the problem of proper conditions for the cells to grow on the
vascular graft from the adventitia while maintaining its mechanical integrity
of the luminal surface remains a challenge. In this work, we propose a
two-stage technology for processing electrospun vascular graft from
polycaprolactone, which consists of plasma treatment and subsequent
immobilization of hyaluronic acid on its surface producing thin double-sided
graft with one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic side. Plasma modification
activates the polymer surfaces and produces a thin layer for linker-free
immobilization of bioactive molecules, thereby producing materials with unique
properties. The proposed modification does not affect the morphology or
mechanical properties of the graft and improves cell adhesion. The proposed
approach can potentially be used for various biodegradable polymers such as
polylactic acid, polyglycolide, and their copolymers and blends, with a
hydrophilic inner surface and a hydrophobic outer surface.
