  Recent experiments have demonstrated superradiant Raman scattering from a
Bose-Einstein condensate driven by a single off-resonant laser beam. We present
a quantum theory describing this phenomenon, showing Raman amplification of
matter wave due to collective atomic recoil from 3-level atoms in a
$\Lambda$-configuration. When atoms are initially in a single lower internal
state, a closed two-level system is realized between atoms with different
internal states, and entangled atom-photon pairs can be generated. When atoms
are initially prepared in both the lower internal states, a fraction of atoms
recoiling in the backward direction can be generated.
