  We report on the successful demonstration of selective acceleration of
deuterium ions by target-normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) with a high-energy
petawatt laser. TNSA typically produces a multi-species ion beam that
originates from the intrinsic hydrocarbon and water vapor contaminants on the
target surface. Using the method first developed by Morrison, et al.,$^{1}$ an
ion beam with $>$99$\%$ deuterium ions and peak energy 14 MeV/nucleon is
produced with a 200 J, 700 fs, $>10^{20} W/cm^{2}$ laser pulse by cryogenically
freezing heavy water (D$_{2}$O) vapor onto the rear surface of the target prior
to the shot. Within the range of our detectors (0-8.5$^{\circ}$), we find
laser-to-deuterium-ion energy conversion efficiency of 4.3$\%$ above 0.7
MeV/nucleon while a conservative estimate of the total beam gives a conversion
efficiency of 9.4$\%$.
