  Automatic identification of TV programs within TV streams is an important
task for archive exploitation. This paper proposes a new spatial-temporal
approach to identify programs in TV streams in two main steps: First, a
reference catalogue for video grammars of visual jingles is constructed. We
exploit visual grammars characterizing instances of the same program type in
order to identify the various program types in the TV stream. The role of video
grammar is to represent the visual invariants for each visual jingle using a
set of descriptors appropriate for each TV program. Secondly, programs in TV
streams are identified by examining the similarity of the video signal to the
visual grammars in the catalogue. The main idea of identification process
consists in comparing the visual similarity of the video signal signature in TV
stream to the catalogue elements. After presenting the proposed approach, the
paper overviews the encouraging experimental results on several streams
extracted from different channels and composed of several programs.
