  With the development of the subway and the pressing demand of environmentally
friendly transportation, more and more people travel by subway. In recent
decades, the issues about passenger passive safety on the train have received
extensive attention. In this research, the head injury of a standing passenger
in the subway is investigated. Three MADYMO models of the different standing
passenger postures, defined as baseline scenarios, are numerically set up.
HIC15 values of passengers with different postures are gained by systematic
parametric studies. The injury numerical simulation results of various
scenarios with different friction coefficients, collision acceleration,
standing angle, horizontal handrail height, and ring handrail height are
analyzed. Results show that the horizontal handrail provides better protection
in the three different standing passenger postures. Different friction
coefficients and the standing angle have great impact on the head injuries of
passengers in three different scenarios. The handrail height also has some
effects on head injury of passengers with different standing postures, so it is
necessary to be considered when designing the interior layout of the subway.
This study may provide guidance for the safety design of the subway and some
advices for standing subway passengers.
