  Fake fingerprint representation pose a severe threat for fingerprint based
authentication systems. Despite advances in presentation attack detection
technologies, which are often integrated directly into the fingerprint scanner
devices, many fingerprint scanners are still susceptible to presentation
attacks using physical fake fingerprint representation. In this work we
evaluate five different commercial-off-the-shelf fingerprint scanners based on
different sensing technologies, including optical, optical multispectral,
passive capacitive, active capacitive and thermal regarding their
susceptibility to presentation attacks using fake fingerprint representations.
Several different materials to create the fake representation are tested and
evaluated, including wax, cast, latex, silicone, different types of glue,
window colours, modelling clay, etc. The quantitative evaluation includes
assessing the fingerprint quality of the samples captured from the fake
representations as well as comparison experiments where the achieved matching
scores of the fake representations against the corresponding real fingerprints
indicate the effectiveness of the fake representations. Our results confirmed
that all except one of the tested devices are susceptible to at least one
type/material of fake fingerprint representations.
