  We present a novel global QCD analysis of charged $D^{*}$-meson fragmentation
functions at next-to-leading order accuracy. This is achieved by making use of
the available data for single-inclusive $D^{*}$-meson production in
electron-positron annihilation, hadron-hadron collisions, and, for the first
time, in-jet fragmentation in proton-proton scattering. It is shown how to
include all relevant processes efficiently and without approximations within
the Mellin moment technique, specifically for the in-jet fragmentation cross
section. The presented technical framework is generic and can be
straightforwardly applied to future analyses of fragmentation functions for
other hadron species, as soon as more in-jet fragmentation data become
available. We choose to work within the Zero Mass Variable Flavor Number Scheme
which is applicable for sufficiently high energies and transverse momenta. The
obtained optimum set of parton-to-$D^{*}$ fragmentation functions is
accompanied by Hessian uncertainty sets which allow one to propagate
hadronization uncertainties to other processes of interest.
