  In nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics experiments, calorimeters are
used to measure the properties of particles with kinetic energies that range
from a fraction of 1 eV to 10^20 eV or more. These properties are not
necessarily limited to the energy carried by these particles, but may concern
the entire four-vector, including the particle mass and type. In many modern
experiments, large calorimeter systems play a central role, and this is
expected to be no different for experiments that are currently being
planned/designed for future accelerators. In this paper, the state of the art
as well as new developments in calorimetry are reviewed. The latter are of
course inspired by the perceived demands of future experiments, and/or the
increasing demands of the current generation of experiments, as these are
confronted with, for example, increased luminosity. These demands depend on the
particles to be detected by the calorimeter. In electromagnetic calorimeters,
radiation hardness of the detector components is a major concern. The generally
poor performance of the current generation of hadron calorimeters is considered
inadequate for future experiments, and a lot of the R&D in the past decade has
focused on improving this performance. The root causes of the problems are
investigated and different methods that have been exploited to remedy this
situation are evaluated. The use of calorimetric methods to detect energy
deposits at the Joule level in astrophysics experiments and at the (sub-)eV
level in experiments searching for dark matter is briefly described in separate
sections.
