  During the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. power sector witnessed remarkable
electricity demand changes in many geographical regions. these changes were
evident in population-dense cities. This paper incorporates a techno-economic
analysis of energy storage systems to investigate the pandemic's influence on
ESS development, In particular, we employ a linear program-based revenue
maximization model to capture the revenues of ESS from participating in the
electricity market, by performing arbitrage on energy trading, and regulation
market, by providing regulation services to stabilize the grid's frequency. We
consider five dominant energy storage technologies in the U.S., namely,
Lithium-ion, Advanced Lead Acid, Flywheel, Vanadium Redox Flow, and
Lithium-Iron Phosphate storage technologies. Extensive numerical results
conducted on the case of New York City allow us to highlight the negative
impact that COVID-19 had on the NYC power sector.
