  A new phenomenological model is proposed to describe the evolution of the
Fermi surface (FS) in a wide range of dopings. It reproduces the key features
of the cuprates in the underdoped phase above the superconducting temperature
$T_c$. It is shown that the explicit accounting of strong electron correlation
in the framework of the $t-J$ model taken in complementary to the translational
symmetry breaking induced by the charge density wave (CDW) gives rise to the
Fermi surface reconstruction (FSR) into small electron pockets. While the
strong Coulomb repulsion leads to an emergence of the arc-like Fermi surface in
the pseudogap (PG) phase, the Bragg reflection on the boundaries of the reduced
Brillouin zone (BZ) opens up a possibility to close the quasiparticle orbits.
Direct calculation of the FS properties allows us to unveil the scenario of the
experimentally observed transition to the CDW phase that sets in at the doping
level $\delta\approx0.08$ and is accompanied by a divergence of the carriers
effective mass and the sign reversals of the Hall and Seebeck coefficients.
