  The provision of fire services plays a vital role in ensuring the safety of
residents' lives and property. The spatial layout of fire stations is closely
linked to the efficiency of fire rescue operations. Traditional approaches have
primarily relied on mathematical planning models to generate appropriate
layouts by summarizing relevant evaluation criteria. However, this optimization
process presents significant challenges due to the extensive decision space,
inherent conflicts among criteria, and decision-makers' preferences. To address
these challenges, we propose FSLens, an interactive visual analytics system
that enables in-depth evaluation and rational optimization of fire station
layout. Our approach integrates fire records and correlation features to reveal
fire occurrence patterns and influencing factors using spatiotemporal sequence
forecasting. We design an interactive visualization method to explore areas
within the city that are potentially under-resourced for fire service based on
the fire distribution and existing fire station layout. Moreover, we develop a
collaborative human-computer multi-criteria decision model that generates
multiple candidate solutions for optimizing firefighting resources within these
areas. We simulate and compare the impact of different solutions on the
original layout through well-designed visualizations, providing decision-makers
with the most satisfactory solution. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our
approach through one case study with real-world datasets. The feedback from
domain experts indicates that our system helps them to better identify and
improve potential gaps in the current fire station layout.
