  The performance of quantum error correction schemes depends sensitively on
the physical realizations of the qubits and the implementations of various
operations. For example, in quantum dot spin qubits, readout is typically much
slower than gate operations, and conventional surface code implementations that
rely heavily on syndrome measurements could therefore be challenging. However,
fast and accurate reset of quantum dot qubits--without readout--can be achieved
via tunneling to a reservoir. Here, we propose small-scale surface code
implementations for which syndrome measurements are replaced by a combination
of Toffoli gates and qubit reset. For quantum dot qubits, this enables much
faster error correction than measurement-based schemes, but requires additional
ancilla qubits and non-nearest-neighbor interactions. We have performed
numerical simulations of two different coding schemes, obtaining error
thresholds on the orders of $10^{-2}$ for a 1D architecture that only corrects
bit-flip errors, and $10^{-4}$ for a 2D architecture that corrects bit- and
phase-flip errors.
