  Blockchain in supply chain management is expected to boom over the next five
years. It is estimated that the global blockchain supply chain market would
grow at a compound annual growth rate of 87% and increase from \$45 million in
2018 to \$3,314.6 million by 2023. Blockchain will improve business for all
global supply chain stakeholders by providing enhanced traceability,
facilitating digitisation, and securing chain-of-custody. This paper provides a
synthesis of the existing challenges in global supply chain and trade
operations, as well as the relevant capabilities and potential of blockchain.
We further present leading pilot initiatives on applying blockchains to supply
chains and the logistics industry to fulfill a range of needs. Finally, we
discuss the implications of blockchain on customs and governmental agencies,
summarize challenges in enabling the wide scale deployment of blockchain in
global supply chain management, and identify future research directions.
