  The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a biological control technique that can
be used either to eliminate or decay a wild mosquito population under a given
threshold to reduce the nuisance or the epidemiological risk. In this work, we
propose a model using a differential system that takes into account the
variations of rainfall and temperature over time and study their impacts on
sterile males releases strategies. Our model is as simple as possible to avoid
complexity while being able to capture the temporal variations of an Aedes
albopictus mosquito population in a domain treated by SIT, located in
R{\'e}union island. The main objective is to determine what period of the year
is the most suitable to start a SIT control to minimize the duration of massive
releases and the amount of sterile males to release, either to reduce the
mosquito nuisance, or to reduce the epidemiological risk. Since sterilization
is not 100% efficient, we also study the impact of different levels of residual
fertility within the released sterile male population. Our study shows that
rainfall plays a major role in the dynamics of the mosquito and the SIT
control, that the best period to start a massive SIT treatment lasts from July
to December, that residual fertility has to be as small as possible, and that
increasing the size of the releases is not always necessarily interesting. We
also highlight the importance of combining SIT with mechanical control, i.e.
the removal of breeding sites, in particular when the initial mosquito
population is large.
