  Classical polarimetry is a well-established discipline with diverse
applications across different branches of science. The burgeoning interest in
leveraging quantum resources to achieve highly sensitive measurements has
spurred researchers to elucidate the behavior of polarized light within a
quantum mechanical framework, thereby fostering the development of a quantum
theory of polarimetry. In this work, drawing inspiration from polarimetric
investigations in biological tissues, we investigate the precision limits of
polarization rotation angle estimation about a known rotation axis, in a
quantum polarimetric process, comprising three distinct quantum channels. The
rotation angle to be estimated is induced by the retarder channel on the Stokes
vector of the probe state. The diattenuator and depolarizer channels, acting on
the probe state, can be thought of as effective noise processes. We explore the
precision constraints inherent in quantum polarimetry by evaluating the quantum
Fisher information (QFI) for probe states of significance in quantum metrology,
namely NOON, Kings of Quantumness, and Coherent states. The effects of the
noise channels as well as their ordering is analyzed on the estimation error of
the rotation angle to characterize practical and optimal quantum probe states
for quantum polarimetry. Furthermore, we propose an experimental framework
tailored for NOON state quantum polarimetry, aiming to bridge theoretical
insights with empirical validation.
