  We reassess the claims of human parity and super-human performance made at
the news shared task of WMT 2019 for three translation directions:
English-to-German, English-to-Russian and German-to-English. First we identify
three potential issues in the human evaluation of that shared task: (i) the
limited amount of intersentential context available, (ii) the limited
translation proficiency of the evaluators and (iii) the use of a reference
translation. We then conduct a modified evaluation taking these issues into
account. Our results indicate that all the claims of human parity and
super-human performance made at WMT 2019 should be refuted, except the claim of
human parity for English-to-German. Based on our findings, we put forward a set
of recommendations and open questions for future assessments of human parity in
machine translation.
