  Ultra-short laser pulses with femtosecond to attosecond pulse duration are
the shortest systematic events humans can create. Characterization (amplitude
and phase) of these pulses is a key ingredient in ultrafast science, e.g.,
exploring chemical reactions and electronic phase transitions. Here, we propose
and demonstrate, numerically and experimentally, the first deep neural network
technique to reconstruct ultra-short optical pulses. We anticipate that this
approach will extend the range of ultrashort laser pulses that can be
characterized, e.g., enabling to diagnose very weak attosecond pulses.
