  One of the main drivers of 5G cellular networks is provision of connectivity
service for various Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Considering the potential
volume of IoT devices at a global scale, the next leap is to integrate
Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) into 5G terrestrial systems, thereby extend the
coverage and complement the terrestrial service. This paper focuses on the use
of Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations for two specific purposes:
offloading and backhauling. The former allows offloading IoT traffic from a
congested terrestrial network, usually in a very dense area. In the latter
application, the constellation provides a multi-hop backhaul that connects a
remote terrestrial gNB to the 5G core network. After providing an overview of
the status of the 3GPP standardization process, we model and analyze the user
data performance, specifically in the uplink access and the satellite multi-hop
constellation path. The evaluation of the collisions, the delay and the Age of
Information, and the comparison of the terrestrial and the satellite access
networks provide useful insights to understand the potential of LEO
constellations for offloading and backhauling of IoT traffic.
