  Between many prominent contributions of Markus Buttiker to mesoscopic
physics, the scattering theory approach to the electron transport and noise
stands out for its elegance, simplicity, universality, and popularity between
theorists working in this field. It offers an efficient way to theoretically
investigate open electron systems far from equilibrium. However, this method is
limited to situations where interactions between electrons can be ignored, or
considered perturbatively. Fortunately, this is the case in a broad class of
metallic systems, which are commonly described by the Fermi liquid theory. Yet,
there exist another broad class of electron systems of reduced dimensionality,
the so-called Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids, where interactions are effectively
strong and cannot be neglected even at low energies. Nevertheless, strong
interactions can be accounted exactly using the bosonization technique, which
utilizes the free-bosonic character of collective excitations in these systems.
In the present work, we use this fact in order to develop the scattering theory
approach to the bosonization of open quasi-one dimensional electron systems far
from equilibrium.
