  The recent progress in the field of hydrogen storage in carbon and boron
nitride nanostructures has been summarized. Carbon and boron nitride
nanostructures are considered advantageous in this prospect due to their
lightweight and high surface area. Demerits of pristine structures to hold
hydrogen molecules for mobile applications have been highlighted by many
researchers. In such cases, weak van der Waals interaction comes into account,
hence, the hydrogen molecules are weakly bonded with the host materials and
hence weak adsorption energy and low hydrogen molecules uptake. So, to tune the
adsorption energy as well as overall kinetics, methods such as doping, light
alkali-alkaline earth metals decoration, vacancy, functionalization, pressure
variation, application of external electric field, and biaxial strain has been
adopted by many researchers. Physisorption with atoms decoration is promising
for hydrogen storage application. Under this condition, the host materials have
high storage capacity with considerable average adsorption energy, feasible
adsorption/desorption kinetics.
