  We perform an analysis of preliminary data on hadron yields and fluctuations
within the Statistical hadronization ansatz. We describe the theoretical
disagreements between different statistical models currently on the market, and
show how the simultaneous analysis of yields and fluctuations can be used to
determine if one of them can be connected to underlying physics. We perform
such an analysis on preliminary RHIC and SPS A-A data that includes particle
yields, ratios and event by event fluctuations. We show that the equilibrium
statistical model can not describe the $K/\pi$ fluctuation measured at RHIC and
SPS, unless an unrealistically small volume is assumed. Such small volume then
makes it impossible to describe the total particle multiplicity. The
non-equilibrium model,on the other hand, describes both the $K/\pi$ fluctuation
and yields acceptably due to the extra boost to the $\pi$ fluctuation provided
by the high pion chemical potential. We show, however, that both models
significantly over-estimate the $p/\pi$ fluctuation measured at the SPS, and
speculate for the reason behind this.
