  The quark recombination mechanism is proposed to explain the asymmetry
between production rates of $D^+$ and of $D^-$ in their inclusive productions,
and also asymmetries for other charmed hadrons. These asymmetries are observed
in experiment and are called as leading particle effects. In this work we give
a general analysis for contributions of quark recombination to these
asymmetries. The contributions consist of a perturbative- and nonperturbative
part. We perform two types of factorization by considering the produced hadron
with large transverse momentum and by taking charm quark as a heavy quark,
respectively. In the case of large transverse momentum the effect of quark
recombination is the standard twist-4 effect. We find that the contributions
are parameterized with four nonperturbative functions, defined with four quark
operators at twist-4, for initial hadrons without polarization. By taking charm
quark as a heavy quark the factorization can be performed with the heavy quark
effective theory(HQET). The effect of quark recombination is in general
parameterized by eight nonperturbative parameters which are defined as
integrals with matrix elements of four quark operators defined in HQET. For
unpolarized hadrons in the initial state, the parameters can effectively be
reduced to four. Perturbative parts in the two types of factorization are
calculated at tree-level.
