  This study employs a high-resolution (10m) System for Atmospheric Modeling
(SAM) coupled with the Spectral Bin Microphysical (SBM) scheme to thoroughly
investigate the processes governing the evolution of aerosol properties within
and outside a shallow cumulus cloud. The model encompasses the complete life
cycle of cloud droplets, starting from their formation through their evolution
until their complete evaporation or sedimentation to the ground. Additionally,
the model tracks the aerosols' evolution both within droplets and in the air.
Aerosols are transported within the droplets, grow by droplet coalescence, and
are released into the atmosphere after droplet evaporation (regeneration
process). The aerosol concentration increases by droplet evaporation and
decreases along with falling drops. So, the effects of clouds on the
surrounding aerosols depend on the microphysical and dynamic processes, which
in turn depend on the amount of background aerosols; here, we compare clean and
polluted conditions. It is shown that clouds significantly impact the vertical
profile of aerosol concentration in the lower troposphere, as well as their
size distribution, and can serve as a source of large (giant) cloud
condensation nuclei. Furthermore, it is shown that both precipitating and
non-precipitating boundary layer clouds contribute to a substantial increase in
aerosol concentration within the inversion layer due to intense evaporation.
