  There is increased awareness and recognition that public Cloud providers do
provide capabilities not found elsewhere, with elasticity being a major driver.
The value of elastic scaling is however tightly coupled to the capabilities of
the networks that connect all involved resources, both in the public Clouds and
at the various research institutions. This paper presents results of
measurements involving file transfers inside public Cloud providers, fetching
data from on-prem resources into public Cloud instances and fetching data from
public Cloud storage into on-prem nodes. The networking of the three major
Cloud providers, namely Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure and the Google
Cloud Platform, has been benchmarked. The on-prem nodes were managed by either
the Pacific Research Platform or located at the University of Wisconsin -
Madison. The observed sustained throughput was of the order of 100 Gbps in all
the tests moving data in and out of the public Clouds and throughput reaching
into the Tbps range for data movements inside the public Cloud providers
themselves. All the tests used HTTP as the transfer protocol.
