  What makes quantum information science a science? These notes explore the
idea that quantum information science may offer a powerful approach to the
study of complex quantum systems. We discuss how to quantify complexity in
quantum systems, and argue that there are two qualitatively different types of
complex quantum system. We also explore ways of understanding complex quantum
dynamics by quantifying the strength of a quantum dynamical operation as a
physical resource. This is the text for a talk at the ``Sixth International
Conference on Quantum Communication, Measurement and Computing'', held at MIT,
July 2002. Viewgraphs for the talk may be found at http://www.qinfo.org/talks/.
