  We report a detection of a faint near-Earth asteroid (NEA), which was done
using our synthetic tracking technique and the CHIMERA instrument on the
Palomar 200-inch telescope. This asteroid, with apparent magnitude of 23, was
moving at 5.97 degrees per day and was detected at a signal-to-noise ratio
(SNR) of 15 using 30 sec of data taken at a 16.7 Hz frame rate. The detection
was confirmed by a second observation one hour later at the same SNR. The
asteroid moved 7 arcseconds in sky over the 30 sec of integration time because
of its high proper motion. The synthetic tracking using 16.7 Hz frames avoided
the trailing loss suffered by conventional techniques relying on 30-sec
exposure, which would degrade the surface brightness of image on CCD to an
approximate magnitude of 25. This detection was a result of our 12-hour blind
search conducted on the Palomar 200-inch telescope over two nights on September
11 and 12, 2013 scanning twice over six 5.0 deg x 0.043 deg fields. The fact
that we detected only one NEA, is consistent with Harris's estimation of the
asteroid population distribution, which was used to predict the detection of
1--2 asteroids of absolute magnitude H=28--31 per night. The design of
experiment, data analysis method, and algorithms for estimating astrometry are
presented. We also demonstrate a milli-arcsecond astrometry using observations
of two bright asteroids with the same system on Apr 3, 2013. Strategies of
scheduling observations to detect small and fast-moving NEAs with the synthetic
tracking technique are discussed.
