  A study of charged-current muon neutrino scattering on hydrocarbon in which
the final state includes a muon and a proton and no pions is presented.
Although this signature has the topology of neutrino quasielastic scattering
from neutrons, the event sample contains contributions from both quasielastic
and inelastic processes where pions are absorbed in the nucleus. The analysis
accepts events with muon production angles up to 70$^{\circ}$ and proton
kinetic energies greater than 110 MeV. The extracted cross section, when based
completely on hadronic kinematics, is well-described by a simple relativistic
Fermi gas nuclear model including the neutrino event generator modeling for
inelastic processes and particle transportation through the nucleus. This is in
contrast to the quasielastic cross section based on muon kinematics, which is
best described by an extended model that incorporates multi-nucleon
correlations. This measurement guides the formulation of a complete description
of neutrino-nucleus interactions that encompasses the hadronic as well as the
leptonic aspects of this process.
