  Hydrogen and carbon capture and storage are pivotal to decarbonize the
European energy system in a broad range of pathway scenarios. Yet, their timely
uptake in different sectors and distribution across countries are affected by
supply options of renewable and fossil energy sources. Here, we analyze the
decarbonization of the European energy system towards 2060, covering the power,
heat, and industry sectors, and the change in use of hydrogen and carbon
capture and storage in these sectors upon Europe's decoupling from Russian gas.
The results indicate that the use of gas is significantly reduced in the power
sector, instead being replaced by coal with carbon capture and storage, and
with a further expansion of renewable generators. Coal coupled with carbon
capture and storage is also used in the steel sector as an intermediary step
when Russian gas is neglected, before being fully decarbonized with hydrogen.
Hydrogen production mostly relies on natural gas with carbon capture and
storage until natural gas is scarce and costly at which time green hydrogen
production increases sharply. The disruption of Russian gas imports has
significant consequences on the decarbonization pathways for Europe, with local
energy sources and carbon capture and storage becoming even more important.
