  This paper proposes a research direction to advance AI which draws
inspiration from cognitive theories of human decision making. The premise is
that if we gain insights about the causes of some human capabilities that are
still lacking in AI (for instance, adaptability, generalizability, common
sense, and causal reasoning), we may obtain similar capabilities in an AI
system by embedding these causal components. We hope that the high-level
description of our vision included in this paper, as well as the several
research questions that we propose to consider, can stimulate the AI research
community to define, try and evaluate new methodologies, frameworks, and
evaluation metrics, in the spirit of achieving a better understanding of both
human and machine intelligence.
