  Rotation curve measurements provided the first strong indication that a
significant fraction of matter in the Universe is non-baryonic. Since then, a
tremendous amount of progress has been made on both the theoretical and
experimental fronts in the search for this missing matter, which we now know
constitutes nearly 85% of the Universe's matter density. These series of
lectures, first given at the TASI 2015 summer school, provide an introduction
to the basics of dark matter physics. They are geared for the advanced
undergraduate or graduate student interested in pursuing research in
high-energy physics. The primary goal is to build an understanding of how
observations constrain the assumptions that can be made about the astro- and
particle physics properties of dark matter. The lectures begin by delineating
the basic assumptions that can be inferred about dark matter from rotation
curves. A detailed discussion of thermal dark matter follows, motivating Weakly
Interacting Massive Particles, as well as lighter-mass alternatives. As an
application of these concepts, the phenomenology of direct and indirect
detection experiments is discussed in detail.
