  The temperature distribution of the intracluster medium (ICM) in the Virgo
cluster of galaxies has been derived from extensive mapping observations with
ASCA covering an area of 19 deg^2. In the spectral analysis, the inner region
within a radius of ~60' from M87 is characterized by an ICM temperature of kT
\~2.5 keV with little variation. On the other hand, the outer regions indicate
significant variation of the temperature with an amplitude of about 1 keV. The
temperature map was produced from the hardness ratio (H.R.) values with a
resolution of about 5'. Besides the previously reported hot region with kT > 4
keV between M87 and M49, several hot regions with kT = 3-4 keV are detected in
the cluster outskirts. The auto-correlation function for the H.R. variation
shows that the temperature variation is correlated within a size of about 300
kpc, suggesting that gas blobs falling in the Virgo cluster have a typical size
of groups of galaxies. A correlation with the velocity dispersion of member
galaxies shows that only the north-west region indicates an unusually large
beta_spec value of 2-4. The upper limit for extended non-thermal emission in
the Virgo cluster is obtained to be L_X ~9 x 10^41 ergs/s in the 2 - 10 keV
band. We discuss that these features consistently indicate that the Virgo
cluster is in a relatively early stage of the cluster evolution.
