  A scheme for addressing individual atoms in one- or two-dimensional optical
lattices loaded with one atom per site is proposed. The scheme is based on
position-dependent atomic population transfer induced by several standing-wave
driving fields. This allows various operations important in quantum information
processing, such as manipulation and measurement of any single atom, two-qubit
operations between any pair of adjacent atoms, and patterned loading of the
lattice with one atom per every nth site for arbitrary n. The proposed scheme
is robust against considerable imperfections and actually within reach of
current technology.
