  In this paper, we propose an oversampling based low-resolution aware least
squares channel estimator for large-scale multiple-antenna systems with 1-bit
analog-to-digital converters on each receive antenna. To mitigate the
information loss caused by the coarse quantization, oversampling is applied at
the receiver, where the sampling rate is faster than the Nyquist rate. We also
characterize analytical performances, in terms of the deterministic
Cram\'er-Rao bounds, on estimating the channel parameters. Based on the
correlation of the filtered noise, both the Fisher information for white noise
and a lower bound of Fisher information for colored noise are provided.
Numerical results are provided to illustrate the mean square error performances
of the proposed channel estimator and the corresponding Cram\'er-Rao bound as a
function of the signal-to-noise ratio.
