  Coral reefs play a vital role in maintaining the ecological balance of the
marine ecosystem. Various marine organisms depend on coral reefs for their
existence and their natural processes. Coral reefs provide the necessary
habitat for reproduction and growth for various exotic species of the marine
ecosystem. In this article, we discuss the most important parameters which
influence the lifecycle of coral and coral reefs such as ocean acidification,
deoxygenation and other physical parameters such as flow rate and surface area.
Ocean acidification depends on the amount of dissolved Carbon dioxide (CO2).
This is due to the release of H+ ions upon the reaction of the dissolved CO2
gases with the calcium carbonate compounds in the ocean. Deoxygenation is
another problem that leads to hypoxia which is characterized by a lesser amount
of dissolved oxygen in water than the required amount for the existence of
marine organisms. In this article, we highlight the importance of physical
parameters such as flow rate which influence gas exchange, heat dissipation,
bleaching sensitivity, nutrient supply, feeding, waste and sediment removal,
growth and reproduction. In this paper, we also bring out these important
parameters and propose an ensemble machine learning-based model for analyzing
these parameters and provide better rates that can help us to understand and
suitably improve the ocean composition which in turn can eminently improve the
sustainability of the marine ecosystem, mainly the coral reefs
