  Road damage is an inconvenience and a safety hazard, severely affecting
vehicle condition, driving comfort, and traffic safety. The traditional manual
visual road inspection process is pricey, dangerous, exhausting, and
cumbersome. Also, manual road inspection results are qualitative and
subjective, as they depend entirely on the inspector's personal experience.
Therefore, there is an ever-increasing need for automated road inspection
systems. This chapter first compares the five most common road damage types.
Then, 2-D/3-D road imaging systems are discussed. Finally, state-of-the-art
machine vision and intelligence-based road damage detection algorithms are
introduced.
