  Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) is a diagnostic communication protocol used
in electronic control units (ECUs) within automotive electronics, which is
specified in the ISO 14229-1. It is derived from ISO 14230-3 (KWP2000) and the
now obsolete ISO 15765-3 (Diagnostic Communication over Controller Area Network
(DoCAN). 'Unified' in this context means that it is an international and not a
company-specific standard. By now this communication protocol is used in all
new ECUs made by Tier 1 suppliers of Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), and
is incorporated into other standards, such as AUTOSAR. The ECUs in modern
vehicles control nearly all functions, including electronic fuel injection
(EFI), engine control, the transmission, anti-lock braking system, door locks,
braking, window operation, and more.
