  This study compares participant acceptance of the property graph and
edge-labelled graph paradigms, as represented by Cypher and the proposed
extensions to the W3C standards, RDF* and SPARQL*.
  In general, modelling preferences are consistent across the two paradigms.
When presented with location information, participants preferred to create
nodes to represent cities, rather than use metadata; although the preference
was less marked for Cypher. In Cypher, participants showed little difference in
preference between representing dates or population size as nodes. In RDF*,
this choice was not necessary since both could be represented as literals.
However, there was a significant preference for using the date as metadata to
describe a triple containing population size, rather than vice versa. There was
no significant difference overall in accuracy of interpretation of queries in
the two paradigms; although in one specific case, the use of a reverse arrow in
Cypher was interpreted significantly more accurately than the ^ symbol in
SPARQL. Based on our results and on the comments of participants, we make some
recommendations for modellers.
  Techniques for reifing RDF have attracted a great deal of research. Recently,
a hybrid approach, employing some of the features of property graphs, has
claimed to offer an improved technique for RDF reification. Query-time
reasoning is also a requirement which has prompted a number of proposed
extensions to SPARQL and which is only possible to a limited extent in the
property graph paradigm. Another recent development, the hypergraph paradigm
enables more powerful query-time reasoning. There is a need for more research
into the user acceptance of these various more powerful approaches to modelling
and querying. Such research should take account of complex modelling
situations.
