  Power losses in electrical power systems especially, distribution systems,
occur due to several environmental and technical factors. Transmission &
Distribution line losses are normally 17% and 50% respectively. These losses
are due to the inappropriate size of the conductor, long distribution lines,
low power factor, overloading of lines etc. The power losses cause economic
loss and reduce the system's reliability. The reliability of electrical power
systems can be improved by decreasing network power loss and by improving the
voltage profile. In radial distribution systems, power loss can also be
minimized through Distributed Generation (DG) system placement. In this thesis,
three different grid strategies including real power sharing, reactive power
injection and transformer tap changing are discussed and used to minimize line
losses. These three proposed grid strategies have been implemented using a
power flow study based on Newton-Raphson (NR) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). To
minimize line losses, both methods have been used for each grid strategy. The
used test system in this research work is the IEEE-30 bus radial distribution
system. Results obtained after simulation of each grid strategy using NR and GA
shows that real load sharing is reliable with respect to minimization of line
loss as compared to reactive power injection and transformer tap changing grid
strategy. Comparative analysis has been performed between GA and NR for each
grid strategy, results show that Genetic Algorithm is more reliable and
efficient for loss minimization as compared to Newton-Raphson. In the base case
for optimum power flow solution using genetic algorithm and Newton-Raphson,
real line losses are 9.481475MW and 17.557MW respectively. So, GA is preferable
for each proposed grid strategy to minimize line losses than NR.
