  We study the single spin asymmetry in the back-to-back dijet production in
transversely polarized proton-proton collisions. Such an asymmetry is generated
by the Sivers functions in the incoming polarized proton. We propose a QCD
formalism in terms of the transverse momentum dependent parton distribution
functions, which allow us to resum the large logarithms that arise in the
perturbative calculations. We make predictions for the Sivers asymmetry of
hadronic dijet production at the kinematic region that is relevant to the
experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We further compute
the spin asymmetries in the selected positive and negative jet charge bins, to
separate the contributions from $u$- and $d$-quark Sivers functions. We find
that both the sign and size of our numerical results are roughly consistent
with the preliminary results from the STAR collaboration at the RHIC.
