  This article reports measurements of the angle between differently defined
jet axes in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 5.02$ TeV carried out by the ALICE
Collaboration. Charged particles at midrapidity are clustered into jets with
resolution parameters $R=0.2$ and 0.4. The jet axis, before and after Soft Drop
grooming, is compared to the jet axis from the Winner-Takes-All (WTA)
recombination scheme. The angle between these axes, $\Delta R_{\mathrm{axis}}$,
probes a wide phase space of the jet formation and evolution, ranging from the
initial high-momentum-transfer scattering to the hadronization process. The
$\Delta R_{\mathrm{axis}}$ observable is presented for $20 <
{p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{ch\; jet}}}< 100$ GeV/$c$, and compared to predictions
from the PYTHIA 8 and Herwig 7 event generators. The distributions can also be
calculated analytically with a leading hadronization correction related to the
non-perturbative component of the Collins$-$Soper$-$Sterman (CSS) evolution
kernel. Comparisons to analytical predictions at next-to-leading-logarithmic
accuracy with leading hadronization correction implemented from experimental
extractions of the CSS kernel in Drell$-$Yan measurements are presented. The
analytical predictions describe the measured data within 20% in the
perturbative regime, with surprising agreement in the non-perturbative regime
as well. These results are compatible with the universality of the CSS kernel
in the context of jet substructure.
