  In this Near Intermediate-Scale Quantum era, there are two types of near-term
quantum devices available on cloud: superconducting quantum processing units
(QPUs) based on the discrete variable model and linear optics (photonics) QPUs
based on the continuous variable (CV) model. Quantum computation in the
discrete variable model is performed in a finite dimensional quantum state
space and the CV model in an infinite dimensional space. In implementing
quantum algorithms, the CV model offers more quantum gates that are not
available in the discrete variable model. CV-based photonic quantum computers
provide additional flexibility of controlling the length of the output vectors
of quantum circuits, using different methods of measurement and the notion of
cutoff dimension.
