  Stephen Wolfram has recently outlined an unorthodox, multicomputational
approach to fundamental theory, encompassing not only physics but also
mathematics in a structure he calls The Ruliad, understood to be the entangled
limit of all possible computations. In this framework, physical laws arise from
the the sampling of the Ruliad by observers (including us). This naturally
leads to several conceptual issues, such as what kind of object is the Ruliad?
What is the nature of the observers carrying out the sampling, and how do they
relate to the Ruliad itself? What is the precise nature of the sampling? This
paper provides a philosophical examination of these questions, and other
related foundational issues, including the identification of a limitation that
must face any attempt to describe or model reality in such a way that the
modeller-observers are included
