  Gravitational-wave (GW) and gravitational slingshot recoil kicks, which are
natural products of SMBH evolution in merging galaxies, can produce active
galactic "nuclei" that are offset from the centers of their host galaxies.
Detections of offset AGN would provide key constraints on SMBH binary mass and
spin evolution and on GW event rates. Although numerous offset AGN candidates
have been identified, none have been definitively confirmed. The ngVLA offers
unparalleled capabilities to identify and confirm candidate offset AGN from
sub-parsec to kiloparsec scales, opening a new avenue for multi-messenger
studies in the dawn of low-frequency GW astronomy.
