  Conventionally, experiments probing the quantum nature of gravity were
thought to be prohibitive due to the extremely high energy scales involved.
However, recent and rapid advances at the intersection of quantum information
and gravity, along with quantum technologies that allow preparation and control
of mechanical systems in the quantum regime, indicate that such tests may well
be within reach of upcoming experimental capabilities. The microgravity of
space offers a unique environment to carry out this endeavor, allowing
possibilities to control and manipulate delicate quantum characteristics in
larger systems, better than current Earth-based setups. In this white paper, we
lay out the science case for furthering a community effort to study and lead
progress in both theoretical and experimental aspects for space-based tests of
fundamental physics, particularly to probe the elusive quantum nature of
gravity.
