  For over twenty years, ultra-cold atomic systems have formed an almost
perfect arena for simulating different quantum many-body phenomena and exposing
their non-obvious and very often counterintuitive features. Thanks to extremely
precise controllability of different parameters they are able to capture
different quantum properties which were previously recognized only as
theoretical curiosities. Here, we go over the current experimental progress in
exploring the curious one-dimensional quantum world of fermions from the
perspective of three subjectively selected trends being currently under
vigorous experimental validation: (i) unconventional pairing in attractively
interacting fermionic mixtures, (ii) fermionic systems subjected to the
artificial spin-orbit coupling, (iii) fermionic gases of atoms with high SU(N)
symmetry of internal states.
