  The structure of the ground state nucleon and its finite-volume excitations
are examined from three different perspectives. Using new techniques to extract
the relativistic components of the nucleon wave function, the node structure of
both the upper and lower components of the nucleon wave function are
illustrated. A non-trivial role for gluonic components is manifest. In the
second approach, the parity-expanded variational analysis (PEVA) technique is
utilised to isolate states at finite momenta, enabling a novel examination of
the electric and magnetic form factors of nucleon excitations. Here the
magnetic form factors of low-lying odd-parity nucleons are particularly
interesting. Finally, the structure of the nucleon spectrum is examined in a
Hamiltonian effective field theory analysis incorporating recent lattice-QCD
determinations of low-lying two-particle scattering-state energies in the
finite volume. The Roper resonance of Nature is observed to originate from
multi-particle coupled-channel interactions while the first radial excitation
of the nucleon sits much higher at approximately 1.9 GeV.
