  It is challenging to translate names and technical terms across languages
with different alphabets and sound inventories. These items are commonly
transliterated, i.e., replaced with approximate phonetic equivalents. For
example, "computer" in English comes out as "konpyuutaa" in Japanese.
Translating such items from Japanese back to English is even more challenging,
and of practical interest, as transliterated items make up the bulk of text
phrases not found in bilingual dictionaries. We describe and evaluate a method
for performing backwards transliterations by machine. This method uses a
generative model, incorporating several distinct stages in the transliteration
process.
