  Public sector is a large consumer of ICT systems and services, used for
various public services. Tendering for such systems is governed by laws aimed
at eliminating unfair advantages and offering all possible parties equal
opportunities to participate in the tendering process. In this article, we
study in-house rpocurement, where the acquiring organization is an owner of the
subcontractor that delivers the system or the service. Municipalities' purchase
invoice data is used to determine how much municipalities in Finland depend on
in-house procurement. In conclusion, the understanding if included
municipalities have ICT service and development units within the organizations
needs closer examination, as in-house companies may offer municipalities with
limited resources divided costs in the public procurement process.
