  The strategic induction of cell death serves as a crucial immune defense
mechanism for the eradication of pathogenic infections within host cells.
Investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying immunogenic cell pathways has
significantly enhanced our understanding of the host's immunity. This review
provides a comprehensive overview of the immunogenic cell death mechanisms
triggered by pathogen infections, focusing on the critical role of pattern
recognition receptors. In response to infections, host cells dictate a variety
of cell death pathways, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and
lysosomal cell death, which are essential for amplifying immune responses and
controlling pathogen dissemination. Key components of these mechanisms are host
cellular receptors that recognize pathogen-associated ligands. These receptors
activate downstream signaling cascades, leading to the expression of
immunoregulatory genes and the production of antimicrobial cytokines and
chemokines. Particularly, the inflammasome, a multi-protein complex, plays a
pivotal role in these responses by processing pro-inflammatory cytokines and
inducing pyroptotic cell death. Pathogens, in turn, have evolved strategies to
manipulate these cell death pathways, either by inhibiting them to facilitate
their replication or by triggering them to evade host defenses. This dynamic
interplay between host immune mechanisms and pathogen strategies highlights the
intricate co-evolution of microbial virulence and host immunity.
