  A century of coherent experimental and theoretical investigations have
uncovered the laws of nature that underly nuclear physics. The standard model
of strong and electroweak interactions, with its modest number of input
parameters, dictates the dynamics of the quarks and gluons - the underlying
building blocks of protons, neutrons, and nuclei. While the analytic techniques
of quantum field theory have played a key role in understanding the dynamics of
matter in high energy processes, they encounter difficulties when applied to
low-energy nuclear structure and reactions, and dense systems. Expected
increases in computational resources into the exa-scale during the next decade
will provide the ability to numerically compute a range of important strong
interaction processes directly from QCD with quantifiable uncertainties using
the technique of Lattice QCD. These calculations will refine the chiral nuclear
forces that are used as input into nuclear many-body calculations, including
the three- and four-nucleon interactions. I discuss the state-of-the-art
Lattice QCD calculations of quantities of interest in nuclear physics, progress
that is expected in the near future, and the impact upon nuclear physics.
