  In recent years, Information Security has become a notable issue in the
energy sector. After the invention of The Stuxnet worm in 2010, data integrity,
privacy and confidentiality has received significant importance in the
real-time operation of the control centres. New methods and frameworks are
being developed to protect the National Critical Infrastructures like energy
sector. In the recent literatures, it has been shown that the key real-time
operational tools (e.g., State Estimator) of any Energy Management System (EMS)
are vulnerable to Cyber Attacks. In this chapter, one such cyber attack named
False Data Injection Attack is discussed. A literature review with a case study
is considered to explain the characteristics and significance of such data
integrity attacks.
