  Anisotropic lattice deformation plays an important role in the quantum
mechanics of solid state physics. The possibility of mediating the competition
and cooperation among different order parameters by applying in situ
strain/stress on quantum materials has led to discoveries of a variety of
elasto-quantum effects on emergent phenomena. It has become increasingly
critical to have the capability of combining the in situ strain tuning with
X-ray techniques, especially those based on synchrotrons, to probe the
microscopic elasto-responses of the lattice, spin, charge, and orbital degrees
of freedom. Herein, we briefly review the recent studies that embarked on
utilizing elasto-X-ray characterizations on representative material systems and
demonstrated the emerging opportunities enabled by this method. With that, we
further discuss the promising prospect in this rising area of quantum materials
research and the bright future of elasto-X-ray techniques.
