  Let $\Gamma$ be a lattice in $\mathrm{SO}_0(n, 1)$. We prove that if the
associated locally symmetric space contains infinitely many maximal totally
geodesic subspaces of dimension at least $2$, then $\Gamma$ is arithmetic. This
answers a question of Reid for hyperbolic $n$-manifolds and, independently,
McMullen for hyperbolic $3$-manifolds. We prove these results by proving a
superrigidity theorem for certain representations of such lattices. The proof
of our superrigidity theorem uses results on equidistribution from homogeneous
dynamics and our main result also admits a formulation in that language.
