  In health econometric studies we are often interested in quantifying aspects
related to the accessibility to medical infrastructures. The increasing
availability of data automatically collected through unconventional sources
(such as webscraping, crowdsourcing or internet of things) recently opened
previously unconceivable opportunities to researchers interested in measuring
accessibility and to use it as a tool for real-time monitoring, surveillance
and health policies definition. This paper contributes to this strand of
literature proposing new accessibility measures that can be continuously feeded
by automatic data collection. We present new measures of accessibility and we
illustrate their use to study the territorial impact of supply-side shocks of
health facilities. We also illustrate the potential of our proposal with a case
study based on a huge set of data (related to the Emergency Departments in
Milan, Italy) that have been webscraped for the purpose of this paper every 5
minutes since November 2021 to March 2022, amounting to approximately 5 million
observations.
