  For centuries extremely-long grazing fireball displays have fascinated
observers and inspired people to ponder about their origins. The Desert
Fireball Network (DFN) is the largest single fireball network in the world,
covering about one third of Australian skies. This expansive size has enabled
us to capture a majority of the atmospheric trajectory of a spectacular grazing
event that lasted over90 seconds, penetrated as deep as ~58.5km, and traveled
over 1,300 km through the atmosphere before exiting back into interplanetary
space. Based on our triangulation and dynamic analyses of the event, we have
estimated the initial mass to be at least 60 kg, which would correspond to a30
cm object given a chondritic density (3500 kg m-3). However, this initial mass
estimate is likely a lower bound, considering the minimal deceleration observed
in the luminous phase. The most intriguing quality of this close encounter is
that the meteoroid originated from an Apollo-type orbit and was inserted into a
Jupiter-family comet (JFC) orbit due to the net energy gained during the close
encounter with the Earth. Based on numerical simulations, the meteoroid will
likely spend ~200kyrs on a JFC orbit and have numerous encounters with Jupiter,
the first of which will occur in January-March 2025. Eventually the meteoroid
will likely be ejected from the Solar System or be flung into a trans-Neptunian
orbit.
