  The evolution of mobile mapping systems (MMSs) has gained more attention in
the past few decades. MMSs have been widely used to provide valuable assets in
different applications. This has been facilitated by the wide availability of
low-cost sensors, the advances in computational resources, the maturity of the
mapping algorithms, and the need for accurate and on-demand geographic
information system (GIS) data and digital maps. Many MMSs combine hybrid
sensors to provide a more informative, robust, and stable solution by
complementing each other. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of
the modern MMSs by focusing on 1) the types of sensors and platforms, where we
discuss their capabilities, limitations, and also provide a comprehensive
overview of recent MMS technologies available in the market, 2) highlighting
the general workflow to process any MMS data, 3) identifying the different use
cases of mobile mapping technology by reviewing some of the common
applications, and 4) presenting a discussion on the benefits, challenges, and
share our views on the potential research directions.
