  Augmented Reality (AR) is becoming mobile. Mobile devices have many
constraints but also rich new features that traditional desktop computers do
not have. There are several survey papers on AR, but none is dedicated to
Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR). Our work serves the purpose of closing this
gap. The contents are organized with a bottom-up approach. We first present the
state-of-the-art in system components including hardware platforms, software
frameworks and display devices, follows with enabling technologies such as
tracking and data management. We then survey the latest technologies and
methods to improve run-time performance and energy efficiency for practical
implementation. On top of these, we further introduce the application fields
and several typical MAR applications. Finally we conclude the survey with
several challenge problems, which are under exploration and require great
research efforts in the future.
