  We show that Koszul duality for operads in $(\mathrm{Top},\times)$ can be
expressed via generalized Thom complexes. As an application, we prove the
Koszul self duality of the little disk modules $E_M$. We discuss implications
for factorization homology, embedding calculus, and confirm an old conjecture
of Ching on the relation of Goodwillie calculus to manifold calculus.
