  In this article, we report the $\rho$ resonance study using the HAL QCD
method. We calculate the $I=1$ $\pi \pi$ potential at $m_{\pi} \approx 0.41$
GeV by a combination of the one-end trick, sequential propagator and covariant
approximation averaging (CAA). Thanks to those techniques, we determine the
non-local $I=1$ $\pi \pi$ potential at the next-to-next-to-leading order
(N$^2$LO) of the derivative expansion for the first time and obtain the pole of
the S-matrix corresponding to the $\rho$ resonance. We also discuss the
comparison between our result and a previous calculation, done by L\"uscher's
method.
