  This is a paper to appear as a book chapter in The Chandra X-ray Observatory:
Exploring the high energy universe, Ed B Wilkes and W Tucker (Bristol: IOP
Publishing Ltd) AAS-IOP ebooks It reviews the results of the observations of
galaxies with the Chandra X-ray Observatory to-date, including: populations of
X-ray binaries and their evolution; the hot gaseous component; hidden AGNs, and
AGN-ISM interaction in nearby galaxies.
