  The recent implementation of the Electronic Health Record (EHR) in France is
part of a more general process of digitizing information flows, as the world
enters the fourth industrial revolution in a phenomenon known as Industry 4.0.
Behind this concept lies the concern to allow Man to remain permanently in
control of his destiny, despite an increasingly interconnected world (Internet
of Things, cooperative robots, augmented reality, etc.). Accordingly, the
implementation of EHR must guarantee the respect for the private life of each
citizen. From this perspective, healthcare professionals will therefore have to
constantly ensure the protection of medical confidentiality during Electronic
Data Interchange (EDI). This paper summarises the current state of the use of
EHR in France. Based on a survey conducted by the European Commission to assess
the deployment of digitalisation in the health sector in EU countries, this
article aims to highlight the opportunities and perspectives that Industry 4.0
could bring to the health sector in France. However, this study also identifies
a number of limits related to the application of such a system, the first of
which is cyber threat or transhumanism. To this end, a SWOT matrix identifies
the strengths and weaknesses related to the implementation of the French EHR.
