  Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are systems composed by a physical component
that is controlled or monitored by a cyber-component, a computer-based
algorithm. Advances in CPS technologies and science are enabling capability,
adaptability, scalability, resiliency, safety, security, and usability that
will far exceed the simple embedded systems of today. CPS technologies are
transforming the way people interact with engineered systems. New smart CPS are
driving innovation in various sectors such as agriculture, energy,
transportation, healthcare, and manufacturing. They are leading the 4-th
Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) that is having benefits thanks to the high
flexibility of production. The Industry 4.0 production paradigm is
characterized by high intercommunicating properties of its production elements
in all the manufacturing processes. This is the reason it is a core concept how
the systems should be structurally optimized to have the adequate level of
redundancy to be satisfactorily resilient. This goal can benefit from formal
methods well known in various scientific domains such as artificial
intelligence. So, the current research concerns the proposal of a CPS
meta-model and its instantiation. In this way it lists all kind of
relationships that may occur between the CPSs themselves and between their
(cyber-and physical-) components. Using the CPS meta-model formalization, with
an adaptation of the Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) formal approach, this paper
presents a way to optimize the modelling of CPS systems emphasizing their
redundancy and their resiliency.
