  The recent COVID-19 pandemic has become a major threat to human health and
well-being. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as contact tracing solutions
are important to contain the spreads of COVID-19-like infectious diseases.
However, current contact tracing solutions are fragmented with limited use of
sensing technologies and centered on monitoring the interactions between
individuals without an analytical framework for evaluating effectiveness.
Therefore, we need to first explore generic architecture for contact tracing in
the context of today's Internet of Things (IoT) technologies based on a broad
range of applicable sensors. A new architecture for IoT based solutions to
contact tracing is proposed and its overall effectiveness for disease
containment is analyzed based on the traditional epidemiological models with
the simulation results. The proposed work aims to provide a framework for
assisting future designs and evaluation of IoT-based contact tracing solutions
and to enable data-driven collective efforts on combating current and future
infectious diseases.
