  The current chapter aims at establishing a relationship between artificial
intelligence (AI) and hardware security. Such a connection between AI and
software security has been confirmed and well-reviewed in the relevant
literature. The main focus here is to explore the methods borrowed from AI to
assess the security of a hardware primitive, namely physically unclonable
functions (PUFs), which has found applications in cryptographic protocols,
e.g., authentication and key generation. Metrics and procedures devised for
this are further discussed. Moreover, By reviewing PUFs designed by applying AI
techniques, we give insight into future research directions in this area.
