  An alternative theory of gravity that has attracted much attention recently
is the novel four-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (4D EGB) gravity. The
theory is rescaled by the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) coupling constant $\alpha
\rightarrow \alpha/(D - 4)$ in $ D $ dimensions and redefined as
four-dimensional gravity in the limit $D \rightarrow 4$. Thus, in this manner,
the GB term yields a non-trivial contribution to the gravitational dynamics. In
fact, regularized black hole solutions and applications in the novel 4D EGB
gravity have also been extensively explored. In this work, motivated by recent
astrophysical observations, we present an in-depth study of the optical
features of AdS black holes in the novel 4D EGB gravity coupled to exponential
nonlinear electrodynamics (NED), such as the shadow geometrical shape, the
energy emission rate, the deflection angle and quasinormal modes. Taking into
account these dynamic quantities, we investigate the effects on the black hole
solution by varying the parameters of the models. More specifically, we show
that the variation of the GB and NED parameters, and of the cosmological
constant, imprints specific signatures on the optical features of AdS black
holes in the novel 4D EGB gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics, thus
leading to the possibility of directly testing these black hole models by using
astrophysical observations.
