  Crystallography is the leading technique to study atomic structures of
proteins and produces enormous volumes of information that can place strains on
the storage and data transfer capabilities of synchrotron and free-electron
laser light sources. Lossy compression has been identified as a possible means
to cope with the growing data volumes; however, prior approaches have not
produced sufficient quality at a sufficient rate to meet scientific needs. This
paper presents Region Of Interest BINning with SZ lossy compression (ROIBIN-SZ)
a novel, parallel, and accelerated compression scheme that separates the
dynamically selected preservation of key regions with lossy compression of
background information. We perform and present an extensive evaluation of the
performance and quality results made by the co-design of this compression
scheme. We can achieve up to a 196x and 46.44x compression ratio on lysozyme
and selenobiotinyl-streptavidin while preserving the data sufficiently to
reconstruct the structure at bandwidths and scales that approach the needs of
the upcoming light sources
