  The analysis of the scattered signal was carried out in the cases of ground
scatter and ionospheric scatter. The analysis is based on the data of the
decameter coherent EKB ISTP SB RAS radar. In the paper the signals scattered in
each sounding run were analyzed before their statistical averaging. Based on
the analysis, a model is constructed for ionospheric scatter and ground scatter
signal, based on previously studied mechanisms. Within the framework of the
Bayesian approach and based on large number of the data, the technique for
identifying the two types of signals is constructed based on their different
nature. The technique works without using traditional SuperDARN methods for
estimating scattered signal parameters - spectral width, Doppler drift velocity
or ray-tracing. The statistical analysis of the results was carried out. The
total error produced by our IQ algorithm over the selected data was $13.3\%$,
that is about two times less than total error produced by traditional
algorithms.
