  This paper studies energy-efficient joint transmit and receive beamforming in
multi-cell multi-user multiple-input multiple-output systems. We consider
conventional network energy efficiency metric where the users can receive
unicasting streams in addition to the group-specific common multicasting
streams which have certain rate constraints. The goal is to use the
transmission resources more efficiently to improve the energy efficiency, when
the users are equipped with multiple antennas. Numerical results show the
achieved energy efficiency gains by using the additional degrees of freedom of
the multicasting transmission to private message unicasting.
