  In spite of significant advances in replication technologies, methods to
produce well-defined three dimensional structures are still at its infancy.
Such a limitation would be evident if we were to produce a large array of
simple and, especially, compound convex lenses, also guaranteeing that their
surfaces would be molecularly smooth. Here, we report a novel method to produce
such structures by cloning the 3D shape of nectar drops, found widely in
nature, using conventional soft lithography.The elementary process involves
transfer of a thin patch of the sugar solution coated on a glass slide onto a
hydrophobic substrate on which this patch evolves into a microdroplet. Upon the
absorption of water vapor, such a microdroplet grows linearly with time and its
final size can be controlled by varying its exposure time to water vapor. At
any stage of the evolution of the size of the drop, its shape can be cloned
onto a soft elastomer by following the well-known methods of molding and
crosslinking the same. A unique new science that emerges in our attempt to
understand the transfer of the sugar patch and its evolution to a spherical
drop is the elucidation of the mechanics underlying the contact of a deformable
sphere against a solid support intervening a thin liquid film. A unique aspect
of this work is to demonstrate that higher level structures can also be
generated by transferring even smaller nucleation sites on the surface of the
primary lenses and then allowing them to grow by absorption of water vapor.
What results at the end is either a well-controlled distribution of smooth
hemispherical lenses or compound structures that could have potential
applications in the fundamental studies of contact mechanics, wettability and
even in optics.
