  In this study, we investigate a Palatini $f(R)$ gravity model featuring a
quadratic term correction, aligning it with the most recent expansion rate
data, with a particular focus on the latest SNIa and BAO data. Our analysis
employs CC data as the fundamental dataset, complemented by contributions from
the SN sample and a combination of non-overlapping transversal BAO datasets. We
conduct a comprehensive MCMC analysis for each data set combination, yielding
constraints on all cosmological parameters within the model. Additionally, we
incorporate the latest Hubble constant value from the SH0ES Team. Finally, we
present a statistical comparison between the Palatini quadratic model and
$\Lambda$CDM using the AIC and BIC metrics, ultimately obtaining the constraint
$|\alpha| \leq 10^{49}\,\text{m}^2$. We also stress the significance of
studying stellar and substellar objects for obtaining more precise constraints
on modified gravity compared to those derived from cosmological observations.
