  I consider the kinetics of water freezing and show that, at small sub-zero
temperatures, (i) the time of ice nucleation within the bulk water environment
is enormous and therefore cannot take place either in lakes of in living cells;
(ii) that the ice nucleation needs some ice-binding surfaces to occur, but
(iii) even this kind of ice nucleation can take place, as a rule, only at the
temperatures that are a few degrees below 0oC. Further, I discuss factors that
can drastically reduce the ice nucleation time at nearly-zero temperatures both
in open reservoirs, where water contacts with air, and in cells, where there is
no such contact.
