  Galactic spheroids can form as a result of galaxy interactions and mergers of
disks. Detailed analyses of the photometric properties, the intrinsic orbital
structure, the line-of-sight velocity distributions and the kinemetry of
simulated merger remnants, which depend critically on the geometry and the gas
content of the interacting progenitors, indicate that low and intermediate mass
rotating ellipticals can form from mergers of disks. The masses and
metallicities of all massive ellipticals and the kinematics of some massive
non-rotating ellipticals cannot be explained by binary mergers. Thus these
galaxies might have formed in a different way.
