  Graphene is a one-atom-thick sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb
lattice. It was first obtained by exfoliation of graphite in 2004 and has since
evolved into a thriving research topic because of its attractive mechanical,
thermal, and electrical properties. Graphene's unique electrical properties
derive from the relativistic nature of its quasiparticles, resulting in
exceptionally high electron mobility. Graphene promises to revolutionize many
applications, ranging from solar cells and light-emitting devices to touch
screens, photodetectors, microwave transistors, and ultrafast lasers.
