  Humans can learn new concepts from a small number of examples by drawing on
their inductive biases. These inductive biases have previously been captured by
using Bayesian models defined over symbolic hypothesis spaces. Is it possible
to create a neural network that displays the same inductive biases? We show
that inductive biases that enable rapid concept learning can be instantiated in
artificial neural networks by distilling a prior distribution from a symbolic
Bayesian model via meta-learning, an approach for extracting the common
structure from a set of tasks. By generating the set of tasks used in
meta-learning from the prior distribution of a Bayesian model, we are able to
transfer that prior into a neural network. We use this approach to create a
neural network with an inductive bias towards concepts expressed as short
logical formulas. Analyzing results from previous behavioral experiments in
which people learned logical concepts from a few examples, we find that our
meta-trained models are highly aligned with human performance.
