  Socio-economic inequalities are manifested in different aspects of our social
life. We discuss various aspects, beginning with the evolutionary and
historical origins, and discussing the major issues from the social and
economic point of view. The subject has attracted scholars from across various
disciplines, including physicists, who bring in a unique perspective to the
field. The major attempts to analyze the results, address the causes, and
understand the origins using statistical tools and statistical physics concepts
are discussed.
