  This paper presents results from the SESAR ER3 Domino project. Three
mechanisms are assessed at the ECAC-wide level: 4D trajectory adjustments (a
combination of actively waiting for connecting passengers and dynamic cost
indexing), flight prioritisation (enabling ATFM slot swapping at arrival
regulations), and flight arrival coordination (where flights are sequenced in
extended arrival managers based on an advanced cost-driven optimisation).
Classical and new metrics, designed to capture network effects, are used to
analyse the results of a micro-level agent-based model. A scenario with
congestion at three hubs is used to assess the 4D trajectory adjustment and the
flight prioritisation mechanisms. Two different scopes for the extended arrival
manager are modelled to analyse the impact of the flight arrival coordination
mechanism. Results show that the 4D trajectory adjustments mechanism succeeds
in reducing costs and delays for connecting passengers. A trade-off between the
interests of the airlines in reducing costs and those of non-connecting
passengers emerges, although passengers benefit overall from the mechanism.
Flight prioritisation is found to have no significant effects at the network
level, as it is applied to a small number of flights. Advanced flight arrival
coordination, as implemented, increases delays and costs in the system. The
arrival manager optimises the arrival sequence of all flights within its scope
but does not consider flight uncertainties, thus leading to sub-optimal
actions.
