  Spatial dependency and spatial embedding are basic physical properties of
many phenomena modeled by networks. The most indicated computational
environment to deal with spatial information is to use Georeferenced
Information System (GIS) and Geographical Database Management Systems (GDBMS).
Several models have been proposed in this direction, however there is a gap in
the literature in generic frameworks for working with Complex Networks in
GIS/GDBMS environments. Here we introduce the concept of (geo)graphs: graphs in
which the nodes have a known geographical location and the edges have spatial
dependence. We present case studies and two open source softwares (GIS4GRAPH
and GeoCNet) that indicate how to retrieve networks from GIS data and how to
represent networks over GIS data by using (geo)graphs.
