  Traffic prediction has long been a focal and pivotal area in research,
witnessing both significant strides from city-level to road-level predictions
in recent years. With the advancement of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)
technologies, autonomous driving, and large-scale models in the traffic domain,
lane-level traffic prediction has emerged as an indispensable direction.
However, further progress in this field is hindered by the absence of
comprehensive and unified evaluation standards, coupled with limited public
availability of data and code. This paper extensively analyzes and categorizes
existing research in lane-level traffic prediction, establishes a unified
spatial topology structure and prediction tasks, and introduces a simple
baseline model, GraphMLP, based on graph structure and MLP networks. We have
replicated codes not publicly available in existing studies and, based on this,
thoroughly and fairly assessed various models in terms of effectiveness,
efficiency, and applicability, providing insights for practical applications.
Additionally, we have released three new datasets and corresponding codes to
accelerate progress in this field, all of which can be found on
https://github.com/ShuhaoLii/TITS24LaneLevel-Traffic-Benchmark.
