  We have explored the redshift evolution of the luminosity function of red and
blue galaxies up to $z=3.5$. This was possible joining a deep I band composite
galaxy sample, which includes the spectroscopic K20 sample and the HDFs
samples, with the deep $H_{AB}=26$ and $K_{AB}=25$ samples derived from the
deep NIR images of the Hubble Deep Fields North and South, respectively. About
30% of the sample has spectroscopic redshifts and the remaining fraction
well-calibrated photometric redshifts. This allowed to select and measure
galaxies in the rest-frame blue magnitude up to $z\sim 3$ and to derive the
redshift evolution of the B-band luminosity function of galaxies separated by
their rest-frame $U-V$ color or specific (i.e. per unit mass) star-formation
rate. The class separation was derived from passive evolutionary tracks or from
their observed bimodal distributions. Both distributions appear bimodal at
least up to $z\sim 2$ and the locus of red/early galaxies is clearly identified
up to these high redshifts. Both luminosity and density evolutions are needed
to describe the cosmological behaviour of the red/early and blue/late
populations. The density evolution is greater for the early population with a
decrease by one order of magnitude at $z\sim 2-3$ with respect to the value at
$z\sim 0.4$. The luminosity densities of the early and late type galaxies with
$M_B<-20.6$ appear to have a bifurcation at $z>1$. Indeed while star-forming
galaxies slightly increase or keep constant their luminosity density, "early"
galaxies decrease in their luminosity density by a factor $\sim 5-6$ from
$z\sim 0.4$ to $z\sim 2.5-3$. A comparison with one of the latest versions of
the hierarchical CDM models shows a broad agreement with the observed number
and luminosity density evolutions of both populations.
