  Blockchain's influence extends beyond finance, impacting diverse sectors such
as real estate, oil and gas, and education. This extensive reach stems from
blockchain's intrinsic ability to reliably manage digital transactions and
supply chains. Within the oil and gas sector, the merger of blockchain with
supply chain management and data handling is a notable trend. The supply chain
encompasses several operations: extraction, transportation, trading, and
distribution of resources. Unfortunately, the current supply chain structure
misses critical features such as transparency, traceability, flexible trading,
and secure data storage - all of which blockchain can provide. Nevertheless, it
is essential to investigate blockchain's security and privacy in the oil and
gas industry. Such scrutiny enables the smooth, secure, and usable execution of
transactions. For this purpose, we reviewed 124 peer-reviewed academic
publications, conducting an in-depth analysis of 21 among them. We classified
the articles by their relevance to various phases of the supply chain flow:
upstream, midstream, downstream, and data management. Despite blockchain's
potential to address existing security and privacy voids in the supply chain,
there is a significant lack of practical implementation of blockchain
integration in oil and gas operations. This deficiency substantially challenges
the transition from conventional methods to a blockchain-centric approach.
