  The dynamics and structure of nonequilibrium liquids, driven by
non-conservative forces which can be either external or internal, generically
hold the signature of the net dissipation of energy in the thermostat. Yet,
disentangling precisely how dissipation changes collective effects remains
challenging in many-body systems due to the complex interplay between driving
and particle interactions. First, we combine explicit coarse-graining and
stochastic calculus to obtain simple relations between diffusion, density
correlations and dissipation in nonequilibrium liquids. Based on these results,
we consider large-deviation biased ensembles where trajectories mimic the
effect of an external drive. The choice of the biasing function is informed by
the connection between dissipation and structure derived in the first part.
Using analytical and computational techniques, we show that biasing
trajectories effectively renormalizes interactions in a controlled manner, thus
providing intuition on how driving forces can lead to spatial organization and
collective dynamics. Altogether, our results show how tuning dissipation
provides a route to alter the structure and dynamics of liquids and soft
materials.
