  The transition between shear-flowing and shear-arrested states of frictional
granular matter is studied using constant-stress discrete element simulations.
By subjecting a dilute system of frictional grains to a constant external shear
stress and pressure, friction-dependent critical shear stress and density are
clearly identified with both exhibiting a crossover between low and high
friction. The critical shear stress bifurcates two nonequilibrium steady
states: (i) steady state shear flow characterized by a constant deformation
rate, and (ii) shear arrest characterized by temporally decaying creep to a
statically stable state. The onset of arrest below critical shear stress occurs
at a time $t_{c}$ that exhibits a heavy-tailed distribution, whose mean and
variance diverge as a power law at the critical shear stress with a
friction-dependent exponent that also exhibits a crossover between low and high
friction. These observations indicate that granular arrest near critical shear
stress is highly unpredictable and is strongly influenced by interparticle
friction.
