  Interacting with pedestrians is challenging for Autonomous vehicles (AVs).
This study evaluates how AV operations /associated signaling and roadway
infrastructure affect pedestrian behavior in virtual reality. AVs were designed
with different operations and signal indications, including negotiating with no
signal, negotiating with a yellow signal, and yellow/blue negotiating/no-yield
indications. Results show that AV signal significantly impacts pedestrians'
accepted gap, walking time, and waiting time. Pedestrians chose the largest
open gap between cars with AV showing no signal, and had the slowest crossing
speed with AV showing a yellow signal indication. Roadway infrastructure
affects pedestrian walking time and waiting time.
