  I argue that there are two modes of global star formation. Disks and smaller
spheroids form stars relatively inefficiently as a consequence of
supernova-triggered negative feedback via a sequence of ministarbursts (S
mode), whereas massive spheroids formed rapidly with high efficiency via the
impact of AGN jet-triggered positive feedback (J mode) that generates and
enhances ultraluminous starbursts. Supermassive black hole growth by accretion
is favoured in the gas-rich protospheroid environment as mergers build up the
mass of the host galaxy and provide a centrally concentrated gas supply.
Quasi-spherical outflows arise and provide the source of porosity as the
energetic jets from the accreting central SMBH are isotropised by the
inhomogeneous interstellar medium in the protospheroid core. Super-Eddington
outflows occur and help generate both the SMBH at high redshift and the strong
positive feedback on protospheroid star formation that occurs as dense
interstellar clouds are overpressured and collapse. SMBH form before the bulk
of spheroid stars, and the correlation between spheroid velocity dispersion and
supermassive black hole mass arises as AGN-triggered outflows limit the gas
reservoir for spheroid star formation. The super-Eddington phase plausibly
triggers a top-heavy IMF in the region of influence of the SMBH. The
Compton-cooled Eddington-limited outflow phase results in a spheroid core whose
phase space density scales as the inverse 5/2 power of the core mass, and whose
mass scales as the 3/2 power of SMBH mass. This latter scaling suggests that
SMBH growth (and hence spheroid formation) is anti-hierarchical.
