  This paper addresses the physical mechanism of intermittent swimming by
considering the burst-and-coast regime of fish swimming at different speeds.
The burst-and-coast regime consists of a cycle with two successive phases: a
phase of active undulation powered by the fish muscles followed by a passive
gliding phase. Observations of real fish whose swimming gait is forced in a
water flume from low to high speed regimes are performed, using a full
description of the fish kinematics and mechanics. We first show that fish
modulate a unique intrinsic cycle to sustain the demanded speed by modifying
the bursting to coasting ratio while maintaining the duration of the cycle
constant. Secondly, we show using numerical simulations that the chosen
kinematics correspond to optimized gaits over the range of swimming speeds
tested.
