  Blockchain technology has taken on a leading role in today's industrial
applications by providing salient features and showing significant performance
since its beginning. Blockchain began its journey from the concept of
cryptocurrency and is now part of a range of core applications to achieve
resilience and automation between various tasks. With the integration of
Blockchain technology into different industrial applications, many application
designs, security and privacy challenges present themselves, posing serious
threats to users and their data. Although several approaches have been proposed
to address the specific security and privacy needs of targeted applications
with functional parameters, there is still a need for a research study on the
application, security and privacy challenges, and requirements of
Blockchain-based industrial applications, along with possible security threats
and countermeasures. This study presents a state-of-the-art survey of
Blockchain-based Industry 4.0 applications, focusing on crucial application and
security and privacy requirements, as well as corresponding attacks on
Blockchain systems with potential countermeasures. We also analyse and provide
the classification of different security and privacy techniques used in these
applications to enhance the advancement of security features. Furthermore, we
highlight some open issues in industrial applications that help to design
secure Blockchain-based applications as future directions.
