  The wireless backhaul network provides an attractive solution for the urban
deployment of fifth generation (5G) wireless networks that enables future ultra
dense small cell networks to meet the ever-increasing user demands. Optimal
deployment and management of 5G wireless backhaul networks is an interesting
and challenging issue. In this paper we propose the optimal gateways deployment
and wireless backhaul route schemes to maximize the cost efficiency of 5G
wireless backhaul networks. In generally, the changes of gateways deployment
and wireless backhaul route are presented in different time scales.
Specifically, the number and locations of gateways are optimized in the long
time scale of 5G wireless backhaul networks. The wireless backhaul routings are
optimized in the short time scale of 5G wireless backhaul networks considering
the time-variant over wireless channels. Numerical results show the gateways
and wireless backhaul route optimization significantly increases the cost
efficiency of 5G wireless backhaul networks. Moreover, the cost efficiency of
proposed optimization algorithm is better than that of conventional and most
widely used shortest path (SP) and Bellman-Ford (BF) algorithms in 5G wireless
backhaul networks.
