  The purpose of this white paper is to provide guidance to funding agencies,
leaders in the discipline, and its constituent departments about strategies for
(1) improving access to advanced education for people from populations that
have long been underrepresented and (2) improving the climates of departments
where students enroll. The twin goals of improving access to increase diversity
and improving climate to enhance inclusiveness are mutually reinforcing, and
they are both predicated on a fundamental problem of inequality in
participation. This white paper has been endorsed by the Board of Trustees of
the AAS.
