  With rapid advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, electrical
devices in the near future is expected to have IoT capabilities. This enables
fine-grained tracking of individual energy consumption data of such devices,
offering location-independent per-device billing. Thus, it is more fine-grained
than the location-based metering of state-of-the-art infrastructure, which
traditionally aggregates on a building or household level, defining the entity
to be billed. However, such in-device energy metering is susceptible to
manipulation and fraud. As a remedy, we propose a decentralized metering
architecture that enables devices with IoT capabilities to measure their own
energy consumption. In this architecture, the device-level consumption is
additionally reported to a system-level aggregator that verifies distributed
information and provides secure data storage using Blockchain, preventing data
manipulation by untrusted entities. Using evaluations on an experimental
testbed, we show that the proposed architecture supports device mobility and
enables location-independent monitoring of energy consumption.
