  The success of graphene for nanopore DNA sequencing has shown that it is
possible to explore other potential single- and few-atom thick layers of 2D
materials beyond graphene, and also that these materials can exhibit
fascinating and technologically useful properties for DNA base detection that
are superior to those of graphene. In this article, we review the state-of-the
art of DNA base detection using 2D materials beyond graphene. Initially, we
present an overview of nanopore-based DNA sequencing methods using biological
and solid-state nanopores, and discuss several challenges that limit their use
for single-base resolution. Then we outline the progress, challenges, and
opportunities using graphene. Additionally, we discuss several potential 2D
materials beyond graphene such as hexagonal boron nitride, elemental 2D
materials beyond graphene, and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. Finally, we
highlight the potential of using van der Waals materials for advanced DNA base
detection technologies.
