  Given the rapid advancement of large-scale language models, artificial
intelligence (AI) models, like ChatGPT, are playing an increasingly prominent
role in human society. However, to ensure that artificial intelligence models
benefit human society, we must first fully understand the similarities and
differences between the human-like characteristics exhibited by artificial
intelligence models and real humans, as well as the cultural stereotypes and
biases that artificial intelligence models may exhibit in the process of
interacting with humans. This study first measured ChatGPT in 84 dimensions of
psychological characteristics, revealing differences between ChatGPT and human
norms in most dimensions as well as in high-dimensional psychological
representations. Additionally, through the measurement of ChatGPT in 13
dimensions of cultural values, it was revealed that ChatGPT's cultural value
patterns are dissimilar to those of various countries/regions worldwide.
Finally, an analysis of ChatGPT's performance in eight decision-making tasks
involving interactions with humans from different countries/regions revealed
that ChatGPT exhibits clear cultural stereotypes in most decision-making tasks
and shows significant cultural bias in third-party punishment and ultimatum
games. The findings indicate that, compared to humans, ChatGPT exhibits a
distinct psychological profile and cultural value orientation, and it also
shows cultural biases and stereotypes in interpersonal decision-making. Future
research endeavors should emphasize enhanced technical oversight and augmented
transparency in the database and algorithmic training procedures to foster more
efficient cross-cultural communication and mitigate social disparities.
