  Combining ab initio calculations and effective models derived from them, we
discuss the electronic structure of oxygen doped gold chains when one Au atom
is replaced by any transition-metal atom of the $3d$ series. The effect of O
doping is to bring extended Au $5d_{xz}$ and $5d_{yz}$ states to the Fermi
level, which together with the Au states of zero angular momentum projection,
lead to three possible channels for the screening of the magnetism of the
impurity. For most 3d impurities the expected physics is similar to that of the
underscreened Kondo model, with singular Fermi liquid behavior. For Fe and Co
under a tetragonal crystal field introduced by leads, the system might display
a non-Fermi liquid behavior. Ni and Cu impurities are described by a $S = 1$
two channel Kondo model and an SU(4) impurity Anderson model in the
intermediate valence regime, respectively. In both cases, the system is a Fermi
liquid, but the conductance shows some observable differences with the ordinary
SU(2) Anderson model.
