  Roughly half of the radiation from evolving galaxies in the early universe
reaches us in the far-infrared and submillimeter wavelength range. Recent major
advances in observing capabilities, in particular the launch of the Herschel
Space Observatory in 2009, have dramatically enhanced our ability to use this
information in the context of multiwavelength studies of galaxy evolution. Near
its peak, three quarters of the cosmic infrared background is now resolved into
individually detected sources. The use of far-infrared diagnostics of
dust-obscured star formation and of interstellar medium conditions has expanded
from rare extreme high-redshift galaxies to more typical main sequence galaxies
and hosts of active galactic nuclei, out to z>~2. These studies shed light on
the evolving role of steady equilibrium processes and of brief starbursts, at
and since the peak of cosmic star formation and black hole accretion. This
review presents a selection of recent far-infrared studies of galaxy evolution,
with an emphasis on Herschel results
