  Machine learning (ML) has shown increasing abilities for predictive analytics
over the last decades. It is becoming ubiquitous in different fields, such as
healthcare, criminal justice, finance and smart city. For instance, the
University of Northampton is building a smart system with multiple layers of
IoT and software-defined networks (SDN) on its new Waterside Campus. The system
can be used to optimize smart buildings energy efficiency, improve the health
and safety of its tenants and visitors, assist crowd management and
way-finding, and improve the Internet connectivity.
