  We study the large scale structure formation in Eddington-inspired
Born-Infeld (EiBI) gravity. It is found that the linear growth of scalar
perturbations in EiBI gravity deviates from that in general relativity for
modes with large wave numbers ($k$), but the deviation is largely suppressed
with the expansion of the Universe. We investigate the integrated Sachs-Wolfe
effect in EiBI gravity, and find that its effect on the angular power spectrum
of the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is almost the same
as that in the Lambda-cold dark matter ($\Lambda$CDM) model. We further
calculate the linear matter power spectrum in EiBI gravity and compare it with
that in the $\Lambda$CDM model. Deviation is found on small scales ($k\gtrsim
0.1 h$ Mpc$^{-1}$), which can be tested in the future by observations from
galaxy surveys.
