  Computer-based modelling and simulation have become useful tools to
facilitate humans to understand systems in different domains, such as physics,
astrophysics, chemistry, biology, economics, engineering and social science. A
complex system is featured with a large number of interacting components
(agents, processes, etc.), whose aggregate activities are nonlinear and
self-organized. Complex systems are hard to be simulated or modelled by using
traditional computational approaches due to complex relationships among system
components, distributed features of resources, and dynamics of environments.
Meanwhile, smart systems such as multi-agent systems have demonstrated
advantages and great potentials in modelling and simulating complex systems.
