  We study the possibility of realizing scale-separated type IIB Anti-de Sitter
and de Sitter compactifications within a controlled effective field theory
regime defined by low-energy and large (but scale-separated) compactification
volume. The approach we use views effective theories as truncations of the full
quantum equations of motion expanded in a trans-series around this asymptotic
regime. By studying the scalings of all possible perturbative and
non-perturbative corrections we identify the effects that have the right
scaling to allow for the desired solutions. In the case of Anti-de Sitter, we
find agreement with KKLT-type scenarios, and argue that non-perturbative
brane-instantons wrapping four-cycles (or similarly scaling effects) are
essentially the only ingredient that allows for scale separated solutions. We
also comment on the relation of these results to the AdS swampland conjectures.
For the de Sitter case we find that we are forced to introduce an infinite
number of relatively unsuppressed corrections to the equations of motion,
leading to a breakdown of effective theory. This suggests that if de Sitter
vacua exist in the string landscape, they should not be thought of as residing
within the same effective theory as the AdS or Minkowski compactifications, but
rather as defining a separate asymptotic regime, presumably related to the
others by a duality transformation.
