  Multi-Channel Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks are special MitM attacks
capable of manipulating encrypted Wi-Fi wireless frames between two legitimate
endpoints. Since its inception in 2014, attackers have been targeting WPA Wi-Fi
networks to perform different attacks, such as cipher downgrades, denial of
service, key reinstallation Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks (KRACK) in 2017,
and recently FragAttacks in 2021, which widely impacted millions of Wi-Fi
Multi-Channel MitM (MC-MitM) devices, especially IoT devices. To the best of
our knowledge, there are no studies in the literature that KRACK holistically
review the different types of Multi-Channel MitM enabled attacks and analyze
their potential Internet of Things (IoT) impact. To this end, we evaluate the
capabilities of Multi-Channel MitM and review every reported attack in
Encryption the state of the art. We examine practical issues that hamper the
total adoption of protection mechanisms, i.e., Security security patches and
Protected Management Frames (PMF), and review available defense mechanisms in
FragAttacks confronting the Multi-Channel MitM enabled attacks in the IoT
context. Finally, we highlight the potential research problems and identify
future research lines in this field.
