  We perform a comprehensive phenomenological analysis of the twin Pati-Salam
theory of flavour, focussing on the parameter space relevant for interpreting
the $B$-anomalies via vector leptoquark $U_1$ exchange. This model provides a
very predictive framework in which the $U_1$ couplings and the Yukawa couplings
find a common origin via mixing of chiral quarks and leptons with vector-like
fermions, providing a direct link between the $B$-anomalies and the fermion
masses and mixing. We propose and study a simplified model with three
vector-like fermion families, in the massless first family approximation, and
show that the second and third family charged fermion masses and mixings and
the $B$-anomalies can be simultaneously explained and related. The model has
the proper flavour structure to be compatible with all low-energy observables,
and leads to predictions in promising observables such as
$\tau\rightarrow3\mu$, $\tau\rightarrow\mu\gamma$ and $B\rightarrow
K^{(*)}\nu\bar{\nu}$ at Belle II and LHCb. The model also predicts a rich
spectrum of TeV scale gauge bosons and vector-like fermions, all accessible to
the LHC. In this updated version we have included an extended analysis
considering the new 2022 LHCb data on $R_{K^{(*)}}$, which has slightly shifted
the preferred parameter space with respect to the 2021 case. The model can
still explain the $R_{D^{(*)}}$ anomalies at 1$\sigma$ in a narrow window,
however we expect small deviations from the SM on the $R_{K^{(*)}}$ ratios, to
be tested in the future via more precise measurements by the LHCb
collaboration. We also predict $\Delta R_{D}= \Delta R_{D^{*}}$, with future
measurements shifting the world averages to slightly smaller central values.
