  Using data from the Web of Science (WoS), we analyze the mutual information
among university, industrial, and governmental addresses (U-I-G) at the country
level for a number of countries. The dynamic evolution of the Triple Helix can
thus be compared among developed and developing nations in terms of
cross-sectorial co-authorship relations. The results show that the Triple-Helix
interactions among the three subsystems U-I-G become less intensive over time,
but unequally for different countries. We suggest that globalization erodes
local Triple-Helix relations and thus can be expected to increase
differentiation in national systems since the mid-1990s. This effect of
globalization is more pronounced in developed countries than in developing
ones. In the dynamic analysis, we focus on a more detailed comparison between
China and the USA. The Chinese Academy of the (Social) Sciences changes
increasingly from a public research institute to an academic one, and this has
a measurable effect on China's position in the globalization.
