  Atomically thin semiconductors such as transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)
monolayers exhibit a very strong Coulomb interaction, giving rise to a rich
exciton landscape. This makes these materials highly attractive for efficient
and tunable optoelectronic devices. In this article, we review the recent
progress in the understanding of exciton optics, dynamics and transport, which
crucially govern the operation of TMD-based devices. We highlight the impact of
hBN-encapsulation, which reveals a plethora of many-particle states in optical
spectra, and we outline the most novel breakthroughs in the field of
exciton-polaritonics. Moreover, we underline the direct observation of exciton
formation and thermalization in TMD monolayers and heterostructures in recent
time-resolved ARPES studies. We also show the impact of exciton density, strain
and dielectric environment on exciton diffusion and funneling. Finally, we put
forward relevant research directions in the field of atomically thin
semiconductors for the near future.
