  In this work, we present a topological characterization of superconductivity
in a prototype electron fractionalization model for doped Mott insulators. In
this model, spinons and holons are coupled via the mutual Chern-Simons gauge
fields. We obtain a low-lying effective description of the collective current
fluctuations by integrating out the matter fields, which replaces the
conventional Ginzburg-Landau action to describe the generalized rigidity of
superconductivity. The superconducting phase coherence is essentially
characterized by a topological order parameter related to a Gaussian linking
number, and an experiment is proposed to probe this topological property. We
further show that a gauge-neutral fermionic mode can naturally emerge in this
model, which behaves like a Bogoliubov quasiparticle.
