  We consider a possibility that inside the proton and, more generally, inside
the hadrons there are additional partons - tensor-gluons, which can carry a
part of the proton momentum. The tensor-gluons have zero electric charge, like
gluons, but have a larger spin. Inside the proton a nonzero density of the
tensor-gluons can be generated by the emission of tensor-gluons by gluons. The
last mechanism is typical for non-Abelian tensor gauge theories, in which there
exists a gluon-tensor-tensor vertex of order g. Therefore the number of gluons
changes not only because a quark may radiate a gluon or because a gluon may
split into a quark-antiquark pair or into two gluons, but also because a gluon
can split into two tensor-gluons. The process of gluon splitting suggests that
part of the proton momentum which was carried by neutral partons is shared
between vector and tensor gluons. We derive evolution equations for the parton
distribution functions which take into account these new processes. The
momentum sum rule allows to find the tensor-gluons contribution to the
Callan-Simanzik beta function and to calculate the corresponding anomalous
dimensions. This contribution changes the behavior of the structure functions,
and the logarithmic correction to the Bjorken scaling becomes more mild. This
also influences the unification scale at which the coupling constants of the
Standard Model merge, shifting its value to lower energies of order of 40 TeV.
