  Algorithms and other formal models purportedly incorporating human values
like fairness have grown increasingly popular in computer science. In response
to sociotechnical challenges in the use of these models, designers and
researchers have taken widely divergent positions on how formal models
incorporating aspects of human values should be used: encouraging their use,
moving away from them, or ignoring the normative consequences altogether. In
this paper, we seek to resolve these divergent positions by identifying the
main conceptual limits of formal modeling, and develop four reflexive
values--value fidelity, appropriate accuracy, value legibility, and value
contestation--vital for incorporating human values adequately into formal
models. We then provide a brief methodology for reflexively designing formal
models incorporating human values.
