  We present an investigation of the properties and environments of bright
extremely red objects (EROs) found in the fields of the quasars TXS 0145+386
and 4C 15.55, both at z ~ 1.4. There is marginal evidence from Chandra ACIS
imaging for hot cluster gas with a luminosity of a few 10^44 ergs/s in the
field of 4C 15.55. The TXS 0145+386 field has an upper limit at a similar
value, but it also clearly shows an overdensity of faint galaxies. None of the
EROs are detected as X-ray sources. For two of the EROs that have
spectral-energy distributions and rest-frame near-UV spectra that show that
they are strongly dominated by old stellar populations, we determine
radial-surface-brightness profiles from adaptive-optics images. Both of these
galaxies are best fit by profiles close to exponentials, plus a compact nucleus
comprising ~30% of the total light in one case and 8% in the other. Neither is
well fit by an r^1/4-law profile. This apparent evidence for the formation of
massive ~2 X 10^11 disks of old stars in the early universe indicates that at
least some galaxies formed essentially monolithically, with high star-formation
rates sustained over a few 10^8 years, and without the aid of major mergers.
