  We provide a fairly complete discussion of electronic properties of
nanochains modelling the simplest quantum nanowires, within the recently
proposed approach combining Exact Diagonalization in the Fock space with an Ab
Initio calculations (EDABI method). In particular, the microscopic parameters
of the second-quantized Hamiltonian are determined and the evolution of the
system properties is traced in a systematic manner as a function of the
interatomic distance (the lattice parameter, R). Both the many-particle ground
state and the dynamical correlation functions are discussed within a single
scheme. The principal physical results are: (i) the evolution of the electron
momentum distribution and its analysis in terms of the Tomonaga-Luttinger
scaling, (ii) the appearance of mixed metallic and insulating features partial
localization) for the half-filled band case, (iii) the appearence of a
universal renormalized dispersion relation of electron energy, which
incorporates both the band-structure and the Hubbard-splitting features in the
presence of electron interactions, and (iv) the transformation from a
highly-conducting nanometalic state to the charge-ordered nanoinsulator in the
quarter-filled case. The analysis is performed using an adjustable Gaussian
1s-like basis set composing the Wannier functions, as well as includes the
long-range Coulomb interaction.
