  The number of active shooter incidents in the US has been increasing
alarmingly. It is imperative for the government as well as the public to
understand these events. Though both analytic and agent-based models have been
proposed for studying active shooter incidents, there are only a few analytic
models in the literature, and none incorporates civilian resistance. This
article analytically investigates the optimal action of a civilian during an
active shooter incident when he can hide, fight, or run.
