  In this paper we explore the digital security experiences of marginalised
populations in Lebanon such as LGBTQI+ identifying people, refugees and women.
We situate our work in the post-conflict Lebanese context, which is shaped by
sectarian divides, failing governance and economic collapse. We do so through
an ethnographically informed study conducted in Beirut, Lebanon, in July 2022
and through interviews with 13 people with Lebanese digital and human rights
expertise. Our research highlights how LGBTQI+ identifying people and refugees
are scapegoated for the failings of the Lebanese government, while women who
speak out against such failings are silenced. We show how government-supported
incitements of violence aimed at transferring blame from the political
leadership to these groups lead to amplified digital security risks for already
at-risk populations. Positioning our work in broader sociological
understandings of security, we discuss how the Lebanese context impacts
identity and ontological security. We conclude by proposing to design for and
with positive security in post-conflict settings.
