  We relate the Belavin--Drinfeld cohomologies (twisted and untwisted) that
have been introduced in the literature to study certain families of quantum
groups and Lie bialgebras over a non algebraically closed field $\mathbb K$ of
characteristic 0 to the standard non-abelian Galois cohomology $H^1(\mathbb K,
\mathbf H)$ for a suitable algebraic $\mathbb K$-group $\mathbf H.$ The
approach presented allows us to establish in full generality certain
conjectures that were known to hold for the classical types of the split simple
Lie algebras.
