  In his seminal paper ``Computing Machinery and Intelligence'', Alan Turing
introduced the ``imitation game'' as part of exploring the concept of machine
intelligence. The Turing Test has since been the subject of much analysis,
debate, refinement and extension. Here we sidestep the question of whether a
particular machine can be labeled intelligent, or can be said to match human
capabilities in a given context. Instead, we first draw attention to the
seemingly simpler question a person may ask themselves in an everyday
interaction: ``Am I interacting with a human or with a machine?''. We then
shift the focus from seeking a method for eliciting the answer, and, rather,
reflect upon the importance and significance of this Human-or-Machine question
and the use one may make of a reliable answer thereto. Whereas Turing's
original test is widely considered to be more of a thought experiment, the
Human-or-Machine matter as discussed here has obvious practical relevance.
While it is still unclear if and when machines will be able to mimic human
behavior with high fidelity in everyday contexts, we argue that near-term
exploration of the issues raised here can contribute to refinement of methods
for developing computerized systems, and may also lead to new insights into
fundamental characteristics of human behavior.
