  Recent progress on caloric effects are reviewed. The application of external
stimuli such as magnetic field, hydrostatic pressure, uniaxial stress and
electric field give rise respectively to magnetocaloric, barocaloric,
elastocaloric and electrocaloric effects. The values of the relevant quantities
such as isothermal entropy and adiabatic temperature-changes are compiled for
selected materials. Large values for these quantities are found when the
material is in the vicinity of a phase transition. Quite often there is
coupling between different degrees of freedom, and the material can exhibit
cross-response to different external fields. In this case, the material can
exhibit either conventional or inverse caloric effects when a field is applied.
The values reported for the many caloric effects at moderate fields are large
enough to envisage future application of these materials in efficient and
environmental friendly refrigeration.
