  The post-reionization $(z \le 6)$ neutral hydrogen (HI) 21-cm intensity
mapping signal holds the potential to probe the large scale structures, study
the expansion history and constrain various cosmological parameters. Here we
apply the Tapered Gridded Estimator (TGE) to estimate
$P(k_{\perp},k_{\parallel})$ the power spectrum of the $z = 2.28$ $(432.8\,
{\rm MHz})$ redshifted 21-cm signal using a $24.4\,{\rm MHz}$ sub-band drawn
from uGMRT Band 3 observations of European Large-Area ISO Survey-North 1
(ELAIS-N1). The TGE allows us to taper the sky response which suppresses the
foreground contribution from sources in the periphery of the telescope's field
of view. We apply the TGE on the measured visibility data to estimate the
multi-frequency angular power spectrum (MAPS) $C_{\ell}(\Delta\nu)$ from which
we determine $P(k_{\perp},k_{\parallel})$ using maximum-likelihood which
naturally overcomes the issue of missing frequency channels (55 \% here). The
entire methodology is validated using simulations. For the data, using the
foreground avoidance technique, we obtain a $2\,\sigma$ upper limit of
$\Delta^2(k) \le (133.97)^2 \, {\rm mK}^{2}$ for the 21-cm brightness
temperature fluctuation at $k = 0.347 \, \textrm{Mpc}^{-1}$. This corresponds
to $[\Omega_{\rm HI}b_{\rm HI}] \le 0.23$, where $\Omega_{\rm HI}$ and $b_{\rm
HI}$ respectively denote the cosmic \HI mass density and the \HI bias
parameter. A previous work has analyzed $8 \, {\rm MHz}$ of the same data at
$z=2.19$, and reported $\Delta^{2}(k) \le (61.49)^{2} \, {\rm mK}^{2}$ and
$[\Omega_{\rm HI} b_{\rm HI}] \le 0.11$ at $k=1 \, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$. The upper
limits presented here are still orders of magnitude larger than the expected
signal corresponding to $\Omega_{\rm HI} \sim 10^{-3}$ and $b_{\rm HI} \sim 2
$.
