  There is a correspondence between the circulation of blood in all higher
animals and the circulation of sap in all higher plants - up to heights h of
140 m - through the xylem and phloem vessels. Plants suck in water from the
soil, osmotically through the roothair zone, and subsequently lift it
osmotically again, and by capillary suction (via their buds, leaves, and
fruits) into their crowns. In between happens a reverse osmosis - the
endodermis jump - realized by two layers of subcellular mechanical pumps in the
endodermis walls which are powered by ATP, or in addition by two analogous
layers of such pumps in the exodermis. The thus established root pressure helps
forcing the absorbed ground water upward, through the whole plant, and often
out again, in the form of guttation, or exudation.
