  The twenty-first century has ushered in the age of big data and data economy,
in which data DNA, which carries important knowledge, insights and potential,
has become an intrinsic constituent of all data-based organisms. An appropriate
understanding of data DNA and its organisms relies on the new field of data
science and its keystone, analytics. Although it is widely debated whether big
data is only hype and buzz, and data science is still in a very early phase,
significant challenges and opportunities are emerging or have been inspired by
the research, innovation, business, profession, and education of data science.
This paper provides a comprehensive survey and tutorial of the fundamental
aspects of data science: the evolution from data analysis to data science, the
data science concepts, a big picture of the era of data science, the major
challenges and directions in data innovation, the nature of data analytics, new
industrialization and service opportunities in the data economy, the profession
and competency of data education, and the future of data science. This article
is the first in the field to draw a comprehensive big picture, in addition to
offering rich observations, lessons and thinking about data science and
analytics.
