  This is a historian's view of how modern astronomy data can be used to
discuss the shifting historical worldview of Late Antiquity. In this article an
attemp is made to construct an approximate model of how the cycles of
astronomical bodies' visible rotation aaffected the writing of history and
self-representation of the Roman empire's powerful people. It is argued that
while rare outstanding events like solar eclipses might have caused a short
stir in the minds of the rulers and their environment, long-term cycles based
on the synchronization of the Moon's phases with the solar calendar and the
cycles of the planets lining up in the same disposition (in relationship to the
Moon or without this relationship) were the foundation of astronomy-based
Christian chronological system. The emergence of the Christian historical
worldview in the 5th century was marked by appearance of a significant
eschatological strain in it. Historians paid attention not only to the
theology-defined signs of the end of the world, but also, as it has been
suggested in modern studies, to the some outstanding celestial phenomena. In
this paper I would like to address several criteria which may help understand
what in the celestial motions interested the astronomers and historians of the
5th century. This paper uses the first approximation of astronomical data for
solving the problem of how relevant the skies were for historians, although all
numeric parameters are taken from the up-to-date astronomy reference
publications. It is an attempt to understand whether the very basic
approximations can be related to what historians know from the array of sources
available to them. The analysis suggests that there is a whole array of
occasions when the dates of astronomical events, received with the help of
these basic approximations, coincide with the data from historical sources.
