  Context: Software testing plays an essential role in product quality
improvement. For this reason, several software testing models have been
developed to support organizations. However, adoption of testing process models
inside organizations is still sporadic, with a need for more evidence about
reported experiences. Aim: Our goal is to identify results gathered from the
application of software testing models in organizational contexts. We focus on
characteristics such as the context of use, practices applied in different
testing process phases, and reported benefits & drawbacks. Method: We performed
a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) focused on studies about the application
of software testing processes, complemented by results from previous reviews.
Results: From 35 primary studies and survey-based articles, we collected 17
testing models. Although most of the existing models are described as
applicable to general contexts, the evidence obtained from the studies shows
that some models are not suitable for all enterprise sizes, and inadequate for
specific domains. Conclusion: The SLR evidence can serve to compare different
software testing models for applicability inside organizations. Both benefits
and drawbacks, as reported in the surveyed cases, allow getting a better view
of the strengths and weaknesses of each model.
