  Space debris, also known as "space junk," presents a significant challenge
for all space exploration activities, including those involving human-onboard
spacecraft such as SpaceX's Crew Dragon and the International Space Station.
The amount of debris in space is rapidly increasing and poses a significant
environmental concern. Various studies and research have been conducted on
space debris capture mechanisms, including contact and contact-less capturing
methods, in Earth's orbits. While advancements in technology, such as
telecommunications, weather forecasting, high-speed internet, and GPS, have
benefited society, their improper and unplanned usage has led to the creation
of debris. The growing amount of debris poses a threat of collision with the
International Space Station, shuttle, and high-value satellites, and is present
in different parts of Earth's orbit, varying in size, shape, speed, and mass.
As a result, capturing and removing space debris is a challenging task. This
review article provides an overview of space debris statistics and
specifications, and focuses on ongoing mitigation strategies, preventive
measures, and statutory guidelines for removing and preventing debris creation,
emphasizing the serious issue of space debris damage to space agencies and
relevant companies.
