  Spectating digital games can be exciting. However, due to its vicarious
nature, spectators often wish to engage in the gameplay beyond just watching
and cheering. To blur the boundaries between spectators and players, we propose
a novel approach called "Fused Spectatorship", where spectators watch their
hands play games by loaning bodily control to a computational Electrical Muscle
Stimulation (EMS) system. To showcase this concept, we designed three games
where spectators loan control over both their hands to the EMS system and watch
them play these competitive and collaborative games. A study with 12
participants suggested that participants could not distinguish if they were
watching their hands play, or if they were playing the games themselves. We
used our results to articulate four spectator experience themes and four fused
spectator types, the behaviours they elicited and offer one design
consideration to support each of these behaviours. We also discuss the ethical
design considerations of our approach to help game designers create future
fused spectatorship experiences.
