  This Letter presents a measurement of $\gamma \gamma \rightarrow \mu^{+}
\mu^{-}$ production in Pb+Pb collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the
Large Hadron Collider at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV with an integrated
luminosity of 0.49 nb$^{-1}$. The azimuthal angle and transverse momentum
correlations between the muons are measured as a function of collision
centrality. The muon pairs are produced from $\gamma \gamma$ through the
interaction of the large electromagnetic fields of the nuclei. The contribution
from background sources of muon pairs is removed using a template fit method.
In peripheral collisions, the muons exhibit a strong back-to-back correlation
consistent with previous measurements of muon pair production in
ultra-peripheral collisions. The angular correlations are observed to broaden
significantly in central collisions. The modifications are qualitatively
consistent with rescattering of the muons while passing through the hot matter
produced in the collision.
