  While a large body of literature suggests that large language models (LLMs)
acquire rich linguistic representations, little is known about whether they
adapt to linguistic biases in a human-like way. The present study probes this
question by asking whether LLMs display human-like referential biases using
stimuli and procedures from real psycholinguistic experiments. Recent
psycholinguistic studies suggest that humans adapt their referential biases
with recent exposure to referential patterns; closely replicating three
relevant psycholinguistic experiments from Johnson & Arnold (2022) in an
in-context learning (ICL) framework, we found that InstructGPT adapts its
pronominal interpretations in response to the frequency of referential patterns
in the local discourse, though in a limited fashion: adaptation was only
observed relative to syntactic but not semantic biases. By contrast, FLAN-UL2
fails to generate meaningful patterns. Our results provide further evidence
that contemporary LLMs discourse representations are sensitive to syntactic
patterns in the local context but less so to semantic patterns. Our data and
code are available at \url{https://github.com/zkx06111/llm_priming}.
