  The European Space Agency (ESA) has a clear mission to go forward to the Moon
in preparation of human presence on Mars. One of the technologies looked at to
increase safety and efficiency of astronauts in this context is Augmented
Reality (AR). This technology allows digital visual information to be overlaid
onto the user's environment through some type of display or projector. In
recent years separate studies have been conducted to test the potential value
of AR for astronauts by implementing a few functionalities on an AR display
followed by testing in terrestrial analogue environments. One of the groups
contributing to these investigations is Spaceship EAC (SSEAC). SSEAC is a group
of interns and trainees at the European Astronaut Centre (EAC) focusing on
emerging technologies for human space exploration. This paper presents an
outcome of SSEAC's activities related to AR for lunar extravehicular activities
(EVAs), in which an approach similar to design thinking was used to explore,
identify, and structure the opportunities offered by this technology. The
resulting categorization of AR use cases can be used to identify new
functionalities to test through prototyping and usability tests and can also be
used to relate individual studies to each other to gain insight into the
overall potential value AR has to offer to human lunar exploration. The
approach adopted in this paper is based on the Fuzzy Front End (FFE) model from
the innovation management domain. Utilising a user-driven instead of
technology-driven method resulted in findings that are relevant irrespective of
the hardware and software implementation. Instead, the outcome is an overview
of use cases in which some type of AR system could provide value by
contributing to increased astronaut safety, efficiency and/or efficacy.
