  The success of a disaster relief and response process is largely dependent on
timely and accurate information regarding the status of the disaster, the
surrounding environment, and the affected people. This information is primarily
provided by first responders on-site and can be enhanced by the firsthand
reports posted in real-time on social media. Many tools and methods have been
developed to automate disaster relief by extracting, analyzing, and visualizing
actionable information from social media. However, these methods are not well
integrated in the relief and response processes and the relation between the
two requires exposition for further advancement. In this survey, we review the
new frontier of intelligent disaster relief and response using social media,
show stages of disasters which are reflected on social media, establish a
connection between proposed methods based on social media and relief efforts by
first responders, and outline pressing challenges and future research
directions.
