  Before developing a Document Layout Analysis (DLA) model in real-world
applications, conducting comprehensive robustness testing is essential.
However, the robustness of DLA models remains underexplored in the literature.
To address this, we are the first to introduce a robustness benchmark for DLA
models, which includes 450K document images of three datasets. To cover
realistic corruptions, we propose a perturbation taxonomy with 36 common
document perturbations inspired by real-world document processing.
Additionally, to better understand document perturbation impacts, we propose
two metrics, Mean Perturbation Effect (mPE) for perturbation assessment and
Mean Robustness Degradation (mRD) for robustness evaluation. Furthermore, we
introduce a self-titled model, i.e., Robust Document Layout Analyzer (RoDLA),
which improves attention mechanisms to boost extraction of robust features.
Experiments on the proposed benchmarks (PubLayNet-P, DocLayNet-P, and
M$^6$Doc-P) demonstrate that RoDLA obtains state-of-the-art mRD scores of
115.7, 135.4, and 150.4, respectively. Compared to previous methods, RoDLA
achieves notable improvements in mAP of +3.8%, +7.1% and +12.1%, respectively.
