  Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) offers a powerful tool for label-free and
non-invasive characterization of biomolecular interactions. To date, several
experimental configurations, based on two fundamental physical phenomena, e.g.,
attenuated total reflection and diffraction, have been developed to measure the
SPR signal generated due to the resonant interactions between incident light
and plasma waves on the metal surface. These configurations are divided into
three categories: grating-based, prism-based, and waveguide-based coupling.
Among such techniques, one of the prism-based SPR coupling schemes, popularly
known as Kretschmann configuration, is most widely used due to its high
sensitivity, operational simplicity, lower cost, and real-time detection. This
chapter explains the basic instrumentation and reviews the recent trends in the
development of Kretschmann configuration-based SPR biosensors with its
applications.
