  This report summarises the work and results produced at the 146th European
Study Group with Industry/co-creation event with society on the challenge
\textit{Breaking barriers for women in Science}. The aim of this challenge,
proposed by the Cyprus-based non-profit AIPFE Cyprus-Women of Europe, was to
quantify the barriers that women face in science so that eventually policy
changes can take place in Cyprus and elsewhere. Two distinct but related
challenges were considered. The first challenge was to quantify the wage gap
between men and women in 28 European countries. In this connection, we analysed
Eurostat data and developed a mathematical model quantifying how probable it is
for countries to decrease their wage gap. Secondly, we analysed data provided
by the University of Cyprus and determined the percentage of women and men in
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) departments as they
move up the academic ladder, starting from the undergraduate level. Studying
the latter challenge is a first step in studying the wage gap in all Cypriot
universities and in other universities abroad. This work was supported
financially by the EU project SciShops.eu, the EU Mathematics for Industry
Network (MI-NET) and several other organisations.
