  The thermo-spin conversion provides new concepts for further developing the
green energy-harvesting technology because spin can be controlled with minimal
energy in nanostructures. Through theoretical analysis of thermo-spin
generation, transportation and conversion in ferromagnet/non-ferromagnet/heavy
metal (FM/NM/HM) vertical structures, we found that the output transverse
thermo-spin voltage is independent of the structure's width, but varies in a
linear function with the structure's length. To validate our predictions, we
fabricated the thermo-spin devices with a CoFeAl/Cu/Pt structure. Our results
indicate that FM/NM/HM structures can be utilized to design flexible
thermo-spin conversion devices.
