  Understanding collective mobility patterns is crucial to plan the restart of
production and economic activities, which are currently put in stand-by to
fight the diffusion of the epidemics. In this report, we use mobile phone data
to infer the movements of people between Italian provinces and municipalities,
and we analyze the incoming, outcoming and internal mobility flows before and
during the national lockdown (March 9th, 2020) and after the closure of
non-necessary productive and economic activities (March 23th, 2020). The
population flow across provinces and municipalities enable for the modelling of
a risk index tailored for the mobility of each municipality or province. Such
an index would be a useful indicator to drive counter-measures in reaction to a
sudden reactivation of the epidemics. Mobile phone data, even when aggregated
to preserve the privacy of individuals, are a useful data source to track the
evolution in time of human mobility, hence allowing for monitoring the
effectiveness of control measures such as physical distancing. We address the
following analytical questions: How does the mobility structure of a territory
change? Do incoming and outcoming flows become more predictable during the
lockdown, and what are the differences between weekdays and weekends? Can we
detect proper local job markets based on human mobility flows, to eventually
shape the borders of a local outbreak?
