  We proposed an analytical model for the calculus of illumination time of the
Earth for any time of year and any latitude, this model assumes the obliquity
of the ecliptic as constant, the light beams as parallels, the Earth as
spherical, the movement of translation of Earth as uniform circular, also this
model showed a context of the astronomy whereby the teachers can teach the
basic physics.It was built through a relationship between the movement of
translation and of rotation of the wave front light, then we found the of
illumination zone on the Earth and the illumination time is estimated in a
particular latitude with the uniform circular movement of Earth. Present model
was confronted with the numerical results of the Geoscience Australia Agency
and it is found a maxim perceptual error of 1,6%, this value was assigned
primarily to the difference between the circular trajectory, in this model, and
the elliptical trajectory that is the real. Without the use of spherical
trigonometry was obtained an analytical model that estimates very close the
solar illumination time at any time of year and any latitude on earth, the
model provides an authentic context for studying basic aspects of physics.
