  Here we introduce three-dimensional single-shot ptychography (3DSSP). 3DSSP
leverages an additional constraint unique to the single-shot geometry to
deconvolve multiple 2D planes of a 3D object. Numeric simulations and analytic
calculations demonstrate that 3DSSP reconstructs multiple planes in an extended
3D object with a minimum separation consistent with the depth of field for a
conventional microscope. We experimentally demonstrate 3DSSP by reconstructing
orthogonal hair strands axially separated by 5 mm. Three-dimensional
single-shot ptychography provides a pathway towards volumetric imaging of
dynamically evolving systems on ultrafast timescales.
