  In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, acquisition of the
channel state information at the transmitter side (CSIT) is crucial. In this
paper, a practical CSIT estimation scheme is proposed for frequency division
duplexing (FDD) massive MIMO systems. Specifically, each received pilot symbol
is first quantized to one bit per dimension at the receiver side and then the
quantized bits are fed back to the transmitter. A joint one-bit compressed
sensing algorithm is implemented at the transmitter to recover the channel
matrices. The algorithm leverages the hidden joint sparsity structure in the
user channel matrices to minimize the training and feedback overhead, which is
considered to be a major challenge for FDD systems. Moreover, the one-bit
compressed sensing algorithm accurately recovers the channel directions for
beamforming. The one-bit feedback mechanism can be implemented in practical
systems using the uplink control channel. Simulation results show that the
proposed scheme nearly achieves the maximum output signal-to-noise-ratio for
beamforming based on the estimated CSIT.
