  This contribution summarizes and explains various principles from physics
which are used for the simulation of traffic flows in large street networks,
the modeling of destination, transport mode, and route choice, or the
simulation of urban growth and regional development. The methods stem from
many-particle physics, from kinetic gas theory, or fluiddynamics. They involve
energy and entropy considerations, transfer the law of gravity, apply cellular
automata and require methods from evolutionary game theory. In this way, one
can determine interaction forces among driver-vehicle units, reproduce
breakdowns of traffic including features of synchronized congested flow, or
understand changing usage patterns of alternative roads. One can also describe
daily activity patterns based on decision models, simulate migration streams,
and model urban growth as a particular kind of aggregation process.
