  Cryosurgery has been consistently used as an effective treatment to eradicate
irregular tumor tissues. During this process, many difficulties occur such as
intense cooling may also damage the neighboring normal tissues due to the
release of large amount of cold from the cooling probe. In order to protect the
normal tissues in the vicinity of target tumor tissues, coolant was released in
a regulated manner accompanied with the nanoparticle to regulate the size and
orientation of ice balls formed together with improved probe capacity. The
phase change occurs in the target tumor tissues during cryosurgery treatment.
The effective heat capacity method is used for simulation of phase change in
bio-heat transfer equation to take into account the latent heat of phase
transition. The bio-heat transfer equation is solved by using element free
Galerkin method (EFGM) to simulate the phase change problem of biological
tissues subject to nano cryosurgery. In this study, Murshed model with
cylindrical nanoparticles is used for the high thermal conductivity of
nanofluids as compared to Leong Model with the spherical nanoparticle. The
important effects of the interfacial layer at the mushy region (i.e. liquid to
the solid interface), size and concentration of nanoparticles are shown on the
freezing process. This type of problem has applications in biomedical treatment
such as drug delivery. Application of cryosurgery in bio-fluids used for drug
delivery in cancer therapy can be made more efficient in the presence of
nanoparticles (such as Iron oxide ($Fe_{3}O_{4}$), alumina ($Al_{2}O_{3}$) and
gold ($Au$)).
