  In this paper, we explore the behavior of light ray trajectories in the
exterior geometry of a rotating black hole within the Rastall theory of
gravity, which is surrounded by an inhomogeneous anisotropic electronic cold
plasma. By specifying the plasma's frequency profile, we derive fully
analytical solutions for the temporal evolution of spacetime coordinates using
elliptic integrals and Jacobi elliptic functions. These solutions illustrate
various possible orbits. Throughout the study, we compare results with the
vacuum case, emphasizing the influence of the plasma. Additionally, we utilize
the analytical solutions to establish the lens equation for the considered
spacetime. The investigation also addresses the significance of spherical
photon orbits in critical trajectories, by presenting several examples.
