  We consider viscous, heat conducting mixtures of molecularly miscible
chemical species forming a fluid in which the constituents can undergo chemical
reactions. Assuming a common temperature for all components, we derive a closed
system of partial mass and partial momentum balances plus a mixture balance of
internal energy. This is achieved by careful exploitation of the entropy
principle and requires appropriate definitions of absolute temperature and
chemical potentials, based on an adequate definition of thermal energy
excluding diffusive contributions. The resulting interaction forces split into
a thermo-mechanical and a chemical part, where the former turns out to be
symmetric in case of binary interactions. For chemically reacting systems and
as a new result, the chemical interaction force is a contribution being
non-symmetric outside of chemical equilibrium. The theory also provides a
rigorous derivation of the so-called generalized thermodynamic driving forces,
avoiding the use of approximate solutions to the Boltzmann equations. Moreover,
using an appropriately extended version of the entropy principle and
introducing cross-effects already before closure as entropy invariant couplings
between principal dissipative mechanisms, the Onsager symmetry relations become
a strict consequence. With a classification of the factors in the binary
products of the entropy production according to their parity--instead of the
classical partition into so-called fluxes and driving forces--the apparent
anti-symmetry of certain couplings is thereby also revealed. If the diffusion
velocities are small compared to the speed of sound, the Maxwell-Stefan
equations follow in the case without chemistry, thereby neglecting wave
phenomena in the diffusive motion. This results in a reduced model with only
mass being balanced individually. In the reactive case ...
