  In this paper, particle-hopping cellular automaton (CA) models of elastic
demand are used to investigate the value added to plug-in electric vehicles
(PEV) aggregators by adopting vehicle-to-grid (V2G) responsive services. CA
models used earlier to study load-sifting responses are modified to capture
discharge/ recharge capabilities of V2G. Results on ramping responses from CA
are then analysed to discuss the small contribution to system controllability
added by V2G responsive services.
