  Independent electron surface hopping (IESH) is a computational algorithm for
simulating the mixed quantum-classical molecular dynamics of adsorbate atoms
and molecules interacting with metal surfaces. It is capable of modelling the
nonadiabatic effects of electron-hole pair excitations on molecular dynamics.
Here we present a transparent, reliable, and efficient implementation of IESH,
demonstrating its ability to predict scattering and desorption probabilities
across a variety of systems, ranging from model Hamiltonians to full
dimensional atomistic systems. We further show how the algorithm can be
modified to account for the application of an external bias potential,
comparing its accuracy to results obtained using the hierarchical quantum
master equation. Our results show that IESH is a practical method for modelling
coupled electron-nuclear dynamics at metal surfaces, especially for highly
energetic scattering events.
