  Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an emerging concept that is believed to help
realise the vision of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). IoV has become
an important research area of impactful applications in recent years due to the
rapid advancements in vehicular technologies, high throughput satellite
communication, Internet of Things and cyber-physical systems. IoV enables the
integration of smart vehicles with the Internet and system components
attributing to their environment such as public infrastructures, sensors,
computing nodes, pedestrians and other vehicles. By allowing the development of
a common information exchange platform between vehicles and heterogeneous
vehicular networks, this integration aims to create a better environment and
public space to the people as well as to enhance safety for all road users.
Being a participatory data exchange and storage, the underlying information
exchange platform of IoV needs to be secure, transparent and immutable in order
to achieve the intended objectives of ITS. In this connection, the adoption of
blockchain as a system platform for supporting the information exchange needs
of IoV has been explored. Due to their decentralized and immutable nature, IoV
applications enabled by blockchain are believed to have a number of desirable
properties such as decentralization, security, transparency, immutability, and
automation. In this paper, we present a contemporary survey on the latest
advancement in blockchain for IoV. Particularly, we highlight the different
application scenarios of IoV after carefully reviewing the recent literatures.
We also investigate several key challenges where blockchain is applied in IoV.
Furthermore, we present the future opportunities and explore further research
directions of IoV as a key enabler of ITS.
