  A large scale computational model of the basal ganglia (BG) network is
proposed to describes movement disorder including deep brain stimulation (DBS).
The model of this complex network considers four areas of the basal ganglia
network: the subthalamic nucleus (STN) as target area of DBS, globus pallidus,
both pars externa and pars interna (GPe-GPi), and the thalamus (THA).
Parkinsonian conditions are simulated by assuming reduced dopaminergic input
and corresponding pronounced inhibitory or disinhibited projections to GPe and
GPi. Macroscopic quantities can be derived which correlate closely to thalamic
responses and hence motor programme fidelity. It can be demonstrated that
depending on different levels of striatal projections to the GPe and GPi, the
dynamics of these macroscopic quantities switch from normal conditions to
parkinsonian. Simulating DBS on the STN affects the dynamics of the entire
network, increasing the thalamic activity to levels close to normal, while
differing from both normal and parkinsonian dynamics. Using the mentioned
macroscopic quantities, the model proposes optimal DBS frequency ranges above
130 Hz.
