  Direct and resolved photon interactions are shown to be intimately related
through the factorization mechanism. It is argued that in theoretically
consistent analysis of jet production in $\gamma$p and ep collisions the LO
resolved $\gamma$ contribution must be considered together with the NLO direct
$\gamma$ component. Recent data from HERA therefore do not provide a direct
evidence for the former component, but should rather be interpreted as a
manifestation of the $O(\alpha\alpha_s^2)$ term in $\gamma$p and, via the
Weizs\"acker-Williams approximation, in ep interactions.
