  We introduce shape-changing swarm robots. A swarm of self-transformable
robots can both individually and collectively change their configuration to
display information, actuate objects, act as tangible controllers, visualize
data, and provide physical affordances. ShapeBots is a concept prototype of
shape-changing swarm robots. Each robot can change its shape by leveraging
small linear actuators that are thin (2.5 cm) and highly extendable (up to
20cm) in both horizontal and vertical directions. The modular design of each
actuator enables various shapes and geometries of self-transformation. We
illustrate potential application scenarios and discuss how this type of
interface opens up possibilities for the future of ubiquitous and distributed
shape-changing interfaces.
