  Bars and spirals are among the main drivers of the secular evolution of
galactic disks, and it is, thus, of prime importance to better understand their
exact nature and dynamics. In this respect, the Milky Way provides a unique
laboratory in which to study a snapshot of their detailed dynamical influence
in six-dimensional phase-space. With the advent of present and future
astrometric and spectroscopic surveys, such six-dimensional phase-space data
can be obtained for stars in an increasingly large volume around the Sun. Here,
we review the signatures of - and constraints on - disk non-axisymmetries
obtained from recent stellar kinematical data sets, including (i) the detection
of resonant moving groups in the solar neighbourhood, (ii) the non-zero value
of the Oort constants C and K, and (iii) the detection of a radial velocity
gradient of 4 km/s/kpc in the extended solar neighbourhood (d<2 kpc).
