  In response to the worldwide outbreak of the coronavirus disease COVID-19, a
variety of nonpharmaceutical interventions such as face masks and social
distancing have been implemented. A careful assessment of the effects of such
containment strategies is required to avoid exceeding social and economical
costs as well as a dangerous "second wave" of the pandemic. In this work, we
combine a recently developed dynamical density functional theory model and an
extended SIRD model with hysteresis to study effects of various measures and
strategies using realistic parameters. Depending on intervention thresholds, a
variety of phases with different numbers of shutdowns and deaths are found.
Spatiotemporal simulations provide further insights into the dynamics of a
second wave. Our results are of crucial importance for public health policy.
