  Information on the $^{38}$S level scheme was expanded through experimental
work utilizing a fusion-evaporation reaction and in-beam $\gamma$-ray
spectroscopy. Prompt $\gamma$-ray transitions were detected by the Gamma-Ray
Energy Tracking Array (GRETINA) and recoiling $^{38}$S residues were selected
by the Fragment Mass Analayzer (FMA). Tools based on machine-learning
techniques were developed and deployed for the first time in order to enhance
the unique selection of $^{38}$S residues and identify any associated
$\gamma$-ray transitions. The new level information, including the extension of
the even-spin yrast sequence through $J^{\pi} = 8^{(+)}$, was interpreted in
terms of a basic single-particle picture as well shell-model calculations which
incorporated the empirically derived FSU interaction. A comparison between the
properties of the yrast states in the even-$Z$ $N=22$ isotones from $Z=14$ to
$20$, and for $^{36}$Si-$^{38}$S in particular, was also presented with an
emphasis on the role and influence of the neutron $1p_{3/2}$ orbital on the
structure in the region.
