  A three-dimensional model is presented for the prediction of solidification
behavior using a nonlinear transformation of the enthalpy equation in a
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) discretization. The effect of phase
change in the form of release and absorption of latent heat is implemented
implicitly as variable source terms in the enthalpy calculation. The developed
model is validated against various experimental, analytical, and numerical
results from the literature. Results confirm accuracy and robustness of the new
procedure. Finally, the SPH model is applied to a study of suspension plasma
spraying (SPS) by predicting the impact and solidification behavior of molten
ceramic droplets on a substrate.
