  Fingerprinting is a popular indoor localization technique since it can
utilize existing infrastructures (e.g., access points). However, its site
survey process is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task, which limits the
application of such systems in practice. In this paper, motivated by the
availability of advanced sensing capabilities in smartphones, we propose a fast
and reliable fingerprint collection method to reduce the time and labor
required for site survey. The proposed method uses a landmark graph-based
method to automatically associate the collected fingerprints, which does not
require active user participation. We will show that besides fast fingerprint
data collection, the proposed method results in accurate location estimate
compared to the state-of-the-art methods. Experimental results show that the
proposed method is an order of magnitude faster than the manual fingerprint
collection method, and using the radio map generated by our method achieves a
much better accuracy compared to the existing methods.
