  Upon the arrival of emerging devices, including Extended Reality (XR) and
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the traditional communication framework is
approaching Shannon's physical capacity limit and fails to guarantee the
massive amount of transmission within latency requirements. By jointly
exploiting the context of data and its importance to the task, an emerging
communication paradigm shift to semantic level and effectiveness level is
envisioned to be a key revolution in Sixth Generation (6G) networks. However,
an explicit and systematic communication framework incorporating both semantic
level and effectiveness level has not been proposed yet. In this article, we
propose a generic goal-oriented semantic communication framework for various
tasks with diverse data types, which incorporates both semantic level
information and effectiveness-aware performance metrics. We first analyze the
unique characteristics of all data types, and summarise the semantic
information, along with corresponding extraction methods. We then propose a
detailed goal-oriented semantic communication framework for different
time-critical and non-critical tasks. In the goal-oriented semantic
communication framework, we present the goal-oriented semantic information,
extraction methods, recovery methods, and effectiveness-aware performance
metrics. Last but not least, we present a goal-oriented semantic communication
framework tailored for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) control task to validate
the effectiveness of the proposed goal-oriented semantic communication
framework.
