  Spin coating technique was employed to fabricate CuO films at different spin
speeds for different time duration, and they were annealed at different
temperatures for different time durations in air. These thin films were
characterized using UV Visible spectrometer and solar cell simulator. As the
spinning rate increases, the corresponding band gap energy of the thin film
increases. However, the annealing temperature does not affect the optical band
gap. Moreover, the optical band gap does not depend on the annealing time and
spin time. It was observed that the optical band gap decreases with the number
of CuO layers. The optical band gap values of CuO thin films were between 1.843
and 1.869 eV. Inclusion of the two additives enhances the photocurrent,
photovoltage and efficiency. Photocurrent density can be enhanced from 0.1464
to 1.172 mA per cm2 using the additive ethylene glycol. Properties of CuO films
synthesized using sol gel dip coating technique were compared with those of CuO
films grown using spin coating method.
