  Satellite constellation systems are becoming more attractive to provide
communication services worldwide, especially in areas without network
connectivity. While optimizing satellite gateway placement is crucial for
operators to minimize deployment and operating costs, reducing the number of
gateways may require more inter-satellite link hops to reach the ground
network, thereby increasing latency. Therefore, it is of significant importance
to develop a framework that optimizes gateway placement, dynamic routing, and
flow management in inter-satellite links to enhance network performance. To
this end, we model an optimization problem as a mixed-integer problem with a
cost function combining the number of gateways, flow allocation, and traffic
latency, allowing satellite operators to set priorities based on their
policies. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed approach
effectively reduces the number of active gateways by selecting their most
appropriate locations while balancing the trade-off between the number of
gateways and traffic latency. Furthermore, we demonstrate the impact of
different weights in the cost function on performance through comparative
analysis.
