  With the emergence of 5G, Internet of Things (IoT) has become a center of
attraction for almost all industries due to its wide range of applications from
various domains. The explosive growth of industrial control processes and the
industrial IoT, imposes unprecedented vulnerability to cyber threats in
critical infrastructure through the interconnected systems. This new security
threats could be minimized by lightweight cryptography, a sub-branch of
cryptography, especially derived for resource-constrained devices such as RFID
tags, smart cards, wireless sensors, etc. More than four dozens of lightweight
cryptography algorithms have been proposed, designed for specific
application(s). These algorithms exhibit diverse hardware and software
performances in different circumstances. This paper presents the performance
comparison along with their reported cryptanalysis, mainly for lightweight
block ciphers, and further shows new research directions to develop novel
algorithms with right balance of cost, performance and security
characteristics.
