  Buffaloes are farm animals that contribute to food security by providing high
quality meat and milk. They can better tolerate the adverse effects of global
climate change on their meat and milk production. Despite their advantages,
buffaloes are heavily neglected animals with fewer studies compared to other
farm animals, hence, the real potential of buffaloes has never been realized.
The complete genome sequencing projects of buffaloes are essential to better
understanding the buffalos biology and production since they allow scientists
to identify important genes and understand how the gene networks interact to
determine the critical features of buffaloes. The genome projects are also
valuable for gaining better knowledge of growth, development, maintenance, and
determining factors associated with increased meat and milk production.
Furthermore, having access to a complete genome of high quality and
comprehensive annotations provides a powerful tool in breeding programs. The
current review surveyed the publicly available buffalo genome projects and
studied the impact of incorporating genomic selection into the buffalo breeding
program. Our survey of the publicly available buffalo genome projects showed
the promise of genomic selection in developing water buffalo science and
technology for food security on a global scale.
