  A long-distance quantum network for distributing entangled states would
support novel information applications, such as unconditionally secure
cryptography and distributed quantum computing. Realizing such a network
requires hardware that can reliably and efficiently establish entanglement over
long distances, despite challenges like loss and transmission delay. We propose
a new scheme for distributing entanglement that increases communication rates
one to two orders of magnitude over existing protocols. The method is less
sensitive to overall system loss because it transmits many signals within one
round-trip-time window and efficiently discriminates lost-photon events. While
the scheme applies to many types of matter qubits, we analyze a specific
implementation with optical quantum dots, showing that the method uses
practical hardware consistent with recent experiments.
