  Modern facilities are poised to tackle fundamental questions within the
Standard Model, aiming to reveal the nature of confinement, its relationship to
dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) - the origin of visible mass - and
the connection between these two, key emergent phenomena. There is strong
evidence to suggest that they are intimately connected with the appearance of
momentum-dependent masses for gluons and quarks in QCD, which are large in the
infrared: $m_g \sim 500\,$MeV and $M_q\sim 350\,$MeV. DCSB, expressed in the
dynamical generation of a dressed-quark mass, has an enormous variety of
verifiable consequences, including an enigmatic result that the properties of
the (almost) massless pion are the cleanest expression of the mechanism which
is responsible for almost all the visible mass in the Universe. This
contribution explains that these emergent phenomena are expressed with
particular force in the partonic structure of hadrons, e.g. in valence-quark
parton distribution amplitudes and functions, and, consequently, in numerous
hadronic observables, so that we are now in a position to exhibit the
consequences of confinement and DCSB in a wide range of hadron observables,
opening the way to empirical verification of their expression in the Standard
Model.
