  In this thesis we deal with different aspects of quantum field theory,
particularly in non-perturbative but also perturbative regimes, applied to the
intellectual construction that is the Standard Model for Particle Physics (SM),
but also its extension via effective theories.
  We have developed the following practical contributions in different
subfields of Particle Physics: qualitatively assessing why the SM has those
specific symmetries, explaining the $^3P_0$ mechanism of meson decay from
fundamental Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) calculations, experimentally
distinguishing Effective Theories of the Electroweak sector beyond the SM in
accelerators, extrapolating LHC data (low energies) to possible resonant
regions of new physics (high energies) with controlled uncertainties and
studying precision calculations of QCD (high energies) in coordinate space.
