  Since the 1920s, when the three oscillations ENSO, NAO and NPO were found and
defined, the theory of ocean-atmosphere coupling is particularly important in
explaining the phenomena of atmospheric physics, then defined more than ten
climate indexes, such as SOI, AO, AAO and Nino monitoring area and so on, the
indexes usually adopt standardized sea level pressure (SLP) difference or
standardized sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) difference definitions. The
survey is carried out with seventy stations runoff of major rivers in the world
shows that the correlation coefficient between these indexes and runoff is very
low, most of which is between 0.1-0.2, the impact of the index on the
hydrologic climate cannot be truly reflected, which has led to doubts about the
clear physical mechanism and even questions of teleological authenticity. This
is due to the fact that standardization is a nonlinear process, which changes
the structure of the original data, causing the correlation coefficient to be
low. Using sea surface temperature difference (SSTD) to define these climate
indexes, the correlation coefficient is significantly improved, the Hankou
station of Yangtze river, Darband station of Ind, Hope station of Fraser,
Bangui station of Oubangui generally exceeds 0.8 strong degree, which prove
that these relevant elements have a high resonance effect, there must be a
common driving physical quantity. We find that the sun-earth distance has a
very strong resonance effect, it is the earth's rotational orbit that
determines their common activity intensity and cycle characteristics. The
sun-earth distance can accurately calculate the tens and hundreds years of SST
and SSTD, if using the SST or SSTD as the climate indicators, which express
physical process of various ocean-atmosphere coupling, we can thoroughly solve
long-term ultra-long-term forecast of international difficulty problems.
