  Surface charging phenomenon of asteroids, mainly resulting from solar wind
plasma and solar radiation, has been studied extensively. However, the
influence of asteroid's rotation on surface charging has yet to be fully
understood. Here neural network is established to replace numerical
integration, improving the efficiency of dynamic three-dimensional simulation.
We implement simulation of rotating asteroids and surrounding plasma
environment under different conditions, including quiet solar wind and solar
storms, various minerals on asteroid's surface also be considered. For
asteroids with rotation periods comparable to orbital period, effect of orbital
motion and obliquity also be studied. Results show that under typical solar
wind, the maximum and minimum potential of asteroids will gradually decrease
with their increasing periods, especially when solar wind is obliquely
incident. For asteroid has period longer than one week, this decreasing trend
will become extremely slow. During solar storm passing, solar wind plasma
changes sharply, the susceptibility of asteroid's surface potential to rotation
is greatly pronounced. Minerals on surface also count, plagioclase is the most
sensitive mineral among those we explored, while ilmenite seems indifferent to
changes in rotation periods. Understanding the surface charging of asteroid
under various rotation periods or angles, is crucial for further research into
solar wind plasma and asteroid's surface dust motion, providing a reference for
safe landing exploration of asteroids.
