  Octupole deformed shapes in neutron-rich actinides and superheavy nuclei as
well as extremely deformed shapes of the N~Z light nuclei have been
investigated within the framework of covariant density functional theory. We
confirmed the presence of new region of octupole deformation in neutron-rich
actinides with the center around Z~96, N~196 but our calculations do not
predict octupole deformation in the ground states of superheavy Z~108 nuclei.
As exemplified by the study of 36Ar, the nodal structure of the wavefunction of
occupied single-particle orbitals in extremely deformed structures allows to
understand the formation of the alpha-clusters in very light nuclei, the
suppression of the alpha-clusterization with the increase of mass number, the
formation of ellipsoidal mean-field type structures and nuclear molecules.
