  Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. The ring $R\times R$ can be
viewed as an extension of $R$ via the diagonal map $\Delta: R \hookrightarrow
R\times R$, given by $\Delta(r) = (r, r)$ for all $r\in R$. It is shown that,
for any $a, b\in R$, the extension $\Delta(R)[(a,b)] \subset R\times R$ is a
minimal ring extension if and only if the ideal $<a-b>$ is a maximal ideal of
$R$. A complete classification of maximal subrings of $R(+)R$ is also given.
The minimal ring extension of a von Neumann regular ring $R$ is either a von
Neumann regular ring or the idealization $R(+)R/\mathfrak{m}$ where
$\mathfrak{m}\in \text{Max}(R)$. If $R\subset T$ is a minimal ring extension
and $T$ is an integral domain, then $(R:T) = 0$ if and only if $R$ is a field
and $T$ is a minimal field extension of $R$, or $R_J$ is a valuation ring of
altitude one and $T_{J}$ is its quotient field.
