  The $1S$, $2S$, $1P$ and $2P$ states of light baryons are investigated within
the chiral quark model, paying particular attention to the well-known order
reverse problem of $1P$ and $2S$ states. Besides a nonperturbative
linear-screened confining interaction and a perturbative one-gluon exchange
between quarks, we incorporate the Goldstone-boson exchanges taking into
account not only the full octet of pseudoscalar mesons but also the scalar one.
The scalar meson exchange potential simulates the higher order multi-pion
exchange terms that appear in the chiral Lagrangian and its omission has been
already admitted as a deficiency of the original model in describing, for
instance, the $\rho-\omega$ splitting. The numerical approach to the three body
bound state problem is the so-called Gau\ss ian expansion method, which is able
to get a precision as good as Faddeev calculations. With a set of parameters
fixed to different hadron and hadron-hadron observables, we find that the
chiral potential could play an important role towards the issue on the mass
order reverse problem. We extend our calculation to the $qqQ$ and $qQQ$ sectors
(with $q$ representing a light $u$-, $d$-, or $s$-quark and $Q$ denoting the
charm quark or the bottom one) in which many new states have been recently
observed. Some tentative assignments are done attending to the agreement
between theoretical and experimental masses; however, we admit that other
sources of information are needed in order to make strong claims about the
nature of these states.
