  This paper considers channel estimation and uplink achievable rate of the
coarsely quantized massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with
radio frequency (RF) impairments. We utilize additive quantization noise model
(AQNM) and extended error vector magnitude (EEVM) model to analyze the impacts
of low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and RF impairments
respectively. We show that hardware impairments cause a nonzero floor on the
channel estimation error, which contraries to the conventional case with ideal
hardware. The maximal-ratio combining (MRC) technique is then used at the
receiver, and an approximate tractable expression for the uplink achievable
rate is derived. The simulation results illustrate the appreciable
compensations between ADCs' resolution and RF impairments. The proposed studies
support the feasibility of equipping economical coarse ADCs and economical
imperfect RF components in practical massive MIMO systems.
