  In Singapore, there has been a rise in misinformation on mobile instant
messaging services (MIMS). MIMS support both small peer-to-peer networks and
large groups. Misinformation in the former may spread due to recipients' trust
in the sender while in the latter, misinformation can directly reach a wide
audience. The encryption of MIMS makes it difficult to address misinformation
directly. As such, chatbots have become an alternative solution where users can
disclose their chat content directly to fact checking services. To understand
how effective fact checking chatbots are as an intervention and how trust in
three different fact checkers (i.e., Government, News Outlets, and Artificial
Intelligence) may affect this trust, we conducted a within-subjects experiment
with 527 Singapore residents. We found mixed results for the fact checkers but
support for the chatbot intervention overall. We also found a striking
contradiction between participants' trust in the fact checkers and their
behaviour towards them. Specifically, those who reported a high level of trust
in the government performed worse and tended to follow the fact checking tool
less when it was endorsed by the government.
