  One of the key issues in facial expression recognition in the wild (FER-W) is
that curating large-scale labeled facial images is challenging due to the
inherent complexity and ambiguity of facial images. Therefore, in this paper,
we propose a self-supervised simple facial landmark encoding (SimFLE) method
that can learn effective encoding of facial landmarks, which are important
features for improving the performance of FER-W, without expensive labels.
Specifically, we introduce novel FaceMAE module for this purpose. FaceMAE
reconstructs masked facial images with elaborately designed semantic masking.
Unlike previous random masking, semantic masking is conducted based on channel
information processed in the backbone, so rich semantics of channels can be
explored. Additionally, the semantic masking process is fully trainable,
enabling FaceMAE to guide the backbone to learn spatial details and contextual
properties of fine-grained facial landmarks. Experimental results on several
FER-W benchmarks prove that the proposed SimFLE is superior in facial landmark
localization and noticeably improved performance compared to the supervised
baseline and other self-supervised methods.
