  Using the LHCb and ALICE detectors in the fixed-target mode at the LHC offers
unprecedented possibilities to study the quark, gluon and heavy-quark content
of the proton and nuclei in the poorly known region of the high-momentum
fractions. We review our projections for studies of Drell-Yan, charm, beauty
and quarkonium production with both detector set-ups used with various nuclear
targets and the LHC proton beams. Based on this, we show the expected
improvement in the determination of the quark, charm and gluon proton and
nuclear PDFs as well as discuss the implication for a better understanding of
the cold-nuclear-matter effects in hard-probe production in proton-nucleus
collisions.
