  Urban regions are complicated functional systems that are closely associated
with and reshaped by human activities. The propagation of online geographic
information-sharing platforms and mobile devices equipped with Global
Positioning System (GPS) greatly proliferates proximate sensing images taken
near or on the ground at a close distance to urban targets. Studies leveraging
proximate sensing imagery have demonstrated great potential to address the need
for local data in urban land-use analysis. This paper reviews and summarizes
the state-of-the-art methods and publicly available datasets from proximate
sensing to support land-use analysis. We identify several research problems in
the perspective of examples to support training of models and means of
integrating diverse data sets. Our discussions highlight the challenges,
strategies, and opportunities faced by the existing methods using proximate
sensing imagery in urban land-use studies.
