  Multi-particle cumulants and corresponding Fourier harmonics are measured for
azimuthal angle distributions of charged particles in $pp$ collisions at
$\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 and 13 TeV and in $p$+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02
TeV, and compared to the results obtained for low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions
at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV. These measurements aim to assess the collective
nature of particle production. The measurements of multi-particle cumulants
confirm the evidence for collective phenomena in $p$+Pb and low-multiplicity
Pb+Pb collisions. On the other hand, the $pp$ results for four-particle
cumulants do not demonstrate collective behaviour, indicating that they may be
biased by contributions from non-flow correlations. A comparison of
multi-particle cumulants and derived Fourier harmonics across different
collision systems is presented as a function of the charged-particle
multiplicity. For a given multiplicity, the measured Fourier harmonics are
largest in Pb+Pb, smaller in $p$+Pb and smallest in $pp$ collisions. The $pp$
results show no dependence on the collision energy, nor on the multiplicity.
