  The brain is a powerful tool used to achieve amazing feats. There have been
several significant advances in neuroscience and artificial brain research in
the past two decades. This article is a review of such advances, ranging from
the concepts of connectionism, to neural network architectures and
high-dimensional representations. There have also been advances in biologically
inspired cognitive architectures of which we will cite a few. We will be
positioning relatively specific models in a much broader perspective, while
comparing and contrasting their advantages and weaknesses. The projects
presented are targeted to model the brain at different levels, utilizing
different methodologies.
