  Exploring the time-dependent characteristics of AB-type effects holds
significant importance in contemporary physics and its practical applications.
Here, we delve into the investigation of time-dependent topological effects
emerging in AB-type experimental setups. We first analyze the topological
effects on magnetic dipoles moving in closed trajectories around the
time-varying magnetic field source solenoid, then on electrical dipoles around
a time-varying electric field source in 2+1 dimensions without any
approximation. Last, we discuss the characteristics of the topological effects
by considering the identity and dualities between phases from an integrated
perspective.
