  Even though the phenomenon of evaporation is omnipresent and has immense
scientific and technological importance, the research effort to unveil its
fundamentals remains inadequately low. As one particular consequence, the
textbooks and educational courses are lacking detailed explanation of
evaporation and its effects. In order to advance fundamental theory of
evaporation and increase accuracy of evaporation simulation a novel evaporation
theory is presented. This integrated Atomistic(Molecular)-Kinetics-Gasdynamics
theoretical model that combines statistical mechanics, gas dynamics and
thermodynamics approaches opens a path to detailed description of
nonstationary, nonequilibrium evaporation of condensed matter. The main
innovation of the proposed approach is that, unlike all previous and current
models of evaporation that are based on the assumption of evaporation as
emission of the particles that are not bound within the condense phase, the
described new model treats evaporation of condensed phase as escape of the
particles of sufficient kinetic energy out of potential well located at the
boundary of condensed and gaseous phases. Correspondingly, the re-condensation
of the vapor onto the surface is treated as entrapment of the vapor particles
with kietic energy lower than the depth of the potential well. The described
novel research will open new opportunities to substantially advance our
knowledge and provide needed contributions to chemical, combustion,
environmental, climate and other sciences that utilize evaporation theory.
Additionally, it will provide invaluable new material for the undergraduate and
graduate educational courses in Physics, Chemistry, Engineering, and Material
Sciences.
