  A search for the Higgs boson decaying to two oppositely charged muons is
presented using data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016 at
a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. Data are found to be compatible with the
predicted background. For a Higgs boson with a mass of 125.09 GeV, the 95%
confidence level observed (background-only expected) upper limit on the
production cross section times branching fraction to a pair of muons is found
to be 3.0 (2.5) times the standard model expectation. In combination with data
recorded at center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 and 8 TeV, the
background-only expected upper limit improves to 2.2 times the standard model
value with a standard model expected significance of 1.0 standard deviations.
The corresponding observed upper limit is 2.9 with an observed significance of
0.9 standard deviations. This corresponds to an observed upper limit on the
standard model Higgs boson branching fraction to muons of 6.4 $\times$
10$^{-4}$ and to an observed signal strength of 1.0 $\pm$ 1.0 (stat) $\pm$ 0.1
(syst).
