  We are in this paper discussing conceptualisations of the relationship
between IT and organisational issues. To move beyond an IT enables/ constrains
position, we argue that it is necessary to take the specifics of an information
system (IS) more serious. A theoretical framework called actor network theory
from social studies of science and technology is presented as promising in this
regard. With respect to new organisational forms, the class of ISs which need
closer scrutiny is information infrastructures (INIs). They have
characteristics which distinguish them from other ISs, namely the role and
pattern of diffusion of standards. These standards are neither ready-made nor
neutral: they inscribe organisational behaviour deeply within their technical
details. Diffusion and adoption of standards depart from other kinds of ISs by
requiring the coordination of the surrounding actors, institutional
arrangements and work practices.
