  Layered superconductors have provided some interesting fields in condensed
matter physics owing to the low dimensionality of their electronic states. For
example, the high-Tc (high transition temperature) cuprates and the Fe-based
superconductors possess a layered crystal structure composed of a stacking of
spacer (blocking) layers and conduction (superconducting) layers, CuO2 planes
or Fe-Anion layers. The spacer layers provide carriers to the conduction layers
and induce exotic superconductivity. Recently, we have reported
superconductivity in the novel BiS2-based layered compound Bi4O4S3. It was
found that superconductivity of Bi4O4S3 originates from the BiS2 layers. The
crystal structure is composed of a stacking of BiS2 superconducting layers and
the spacer layers, which resembles those of high-Tc cuprate and the Fe-based
superconductors. Here we report a discovery of a new type of BiS2-based layered
superconductor LaO1-xFxBiS2, with a Tc as high as 10.6 K.
