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|Nerve: Axillary nerve|
|Brachial plexus. (Axillary nerve is visible in gray near center.)|
|The suprascapular, axillary, and radial nerves. (Axillary labeled at upper right.)|
|Gray's||subject #210 934|
|Innervates||deltoid, teres minor, axilla|
|From||posterior cord (C5, C6)|
The axillary nerve is a nerve of the human body, that comes off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus at the level of the axilla (armpit) and carriers nerve fibers from C5 and C6. The axillary nerve travels through the quadrangular space with the posterial circumflex humeral artery and vein.
Muscular and sensory innervationEdit
The axillary nerve also carries sensory information from the shoulder joint, as well as the skin covering the inferior region of the deltoid muscle (which is innervated by the Superior Lateral Cutaneous Nerve branch of the Axillary nerve).
When the axillary nerve splits off from the posterior cord, the continuation of the cord is the radial nerve.
It then winds backward, in company with the posterior humeral circumflex artery, through a quadrilateral space bounded above by the Subscapularis, below by the Teres major, medially by the long head of the Triceps brachii, and laterally by the surgical neck of the humerus, and divides into an anterior and a posterior branch.
- The anterior branch (upper branch) winds around the surgical neck of the humerus, beneath the Deltoideus, with the posterior humeral circumflex vessels, as far as the anterior border of that muscle, supplying it, and giving off a few small cutaneous branches, which pierce the muscle and ramify in the skin covering its lower part.
- The posterior branch (lower branch) supplies the Teres minor and the posterior part of the Deltoideus; upon the branch to the Teres minor an oval enlargement (pseudoganglion) usually exists. The posterior branch then pierces the deep fascia and is continued as the lateral brachial cutaneous nerve, which sweeps around the posterior border of the Deltoideus and supplies the skin over the lower two-thirds of the posterior part of this muscle, as well as that covering the long head of the Triceps brachii.
The trunk of the axillary nerve gives off an articular filament which enters the shoulder-joint below the Subscapularis.
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
|Nerves of upper limbs (primarily): the brachial plexus|
| supraclavicular: dorsal scapular - suprascapular - to the subclavius - long thoracic
posterior cord: subscapular (upper, lower) - thoracodorsal - axillary (superior lateral cutaneous of arm) - radial (muscular, inferior lateral cutaneous of arm, posterior cutaneous of arm, posterior cutaneous of forearm, superficial branch, deep branch, posterior interosseous)
- de:Nervus axillaris
- fr:Nerf axillaire
- sv:Nervus axillaris
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