Butterfly farming is the sustainable breeding of pupae for sale to local butterfly exhibits or for export to zoos and live exhibitions overseas.
Butterfly farms are situated in close proximity to areas of natural forest and provide an alternative, sustainable income to rural communities. Farms have been established in many tropical countries worldwide – including the Philippines, Cambodia, Costa Rica, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania.
Most types of agriculture in tropical countries require forest clearance and this habitat destruction is a major cause of species extinction. Butterfly farming requires intact forest, thus providing an economic incentive to conserve habitats. As butterflies are bred and reared in enclosures with limited extraction from the wild, farming has a negligible impact on the health of wild populations.
Butterfly farming allows the local community to diversify their income generating activities. Work is carried out at home and can be fitted around childcare and domestic duties, providing a rare opportunity for women to participate. It also raises awareness among residents and decision makers of the benefits of conservation.