GOOD TIMES WITH HEALTH AND SAFETY
Human Development and Family Studies
Colorado State University Cooperative Extension
Jack and Jill went up
the hill to fetch a pail of water
Jack fell down and
broke his crown and
Jill came tumbling after.
- Nursery rhyme
Jack's broken head was certainly a serious accident. Some children's nursery rhymes tell of accidents and illnesses. Real life may be like nursery rhymes. Children sometimes fall and get hurt. It is true that accidents kill more children than any disease. We can expect one of every three children to suffer an accident every year that is serious enough to require hospital medical attention.
Good health feels good. When we feel good we work and play better. Life is much more fun when we feel good. Good health can prevent many accidents and illnesses. Good health is the result of eating the right food and getting enough rest and exercise. Proper vaccinations (shots) may also prevent diseases.
Although accidents are natural during childhood, some children have more accidents than others. Accidents like drowning, falls, cuts, burns, and poisoning can often be prevented. Caregivers can provide a safe place for children. Those who care for children - parents and sitters - must teach children how to avoid danger. Although we cannot prevent every accident, it is the job of the caregiver to keep children alive and safe. This can be done by preventing accidents and doing the right thing quickly in an emergency.
Ninety percent of all childhood accidents are preventable.
First aid is the first thing you do to help yourself or somebody else who gets sick or hurt. First aid is what you do to help out until a doctor or nurse who knows a lot about treating sickness or injuries gets there. The American Red Cross First Aid Book has definitions and more information.
1. Study child development.
2. Know when and where accidents are likely to happen so you can prevent them and be prepared for them.
3. Set a good example.
4. Always tell children the truth.
5. The following list includes some poisonous items found in the home that can kill or hurt children if used in the wrong way.
drain and toilet cleaners
insect & rat poison
lye meat tenderizer
nail polish remover
paint and varnish
plant leaves and flowers (rhubarb leaves, castor beans, azaleas, lily-of-the-valley, jimson weed).
6. Know the location of, and how to use, emergency equipment.
7. When the hurt is not serious, a child may need comfort and attention more than first aid. A small adhesive bandage, and a big hug will sometimes be sufficient to calm the child. Your reassurance that "It will be all right," also is helpful. The caregiver's reaction will often affect the child's reaction.
8. Tell children why they cannot do certain things. Give good reasons for being careful. Be a safety teacher all the time.
This is the "giggle, roll, and put in the mouth" age. All children enjoy exploring. An infant lying in a crib is looking, touching, hearing, and learning about people and things. Babies have no sense of danger and are curious. The caregiver must make the home safe.
Wherever the infant sleeps, check the following:
Severe falls are the most common form of injury to infants. Never leave infants alone on a table, bed, or countertop where they might roll off. Be sure high chairs are well balanced and the infant will not slide out. Use approved seat restraints in automobiles to protect the child from injury. Be certain infants in carriages and strollers are not left alone.
Infants will put nearly everything in their mouths. It is important that every toy be checked for small parts that could come off and be swallowed.
Close all safety pins. Never put pins in your mouth. Keep coins, beads, buttons, marbles, beans, and balloon pieces away from infants. Tiny watch and calculator batteries contain alkaline chemicals that can be fatal, if swallowed. Avoid hard foods like popcorn, nuts, and carrot sticks. Infants may choke on any of these.
Never use medication unless the parents or guardians have explained its use and the instructions.
Set water heater temperatures no higher than 120°F. This prevents scalding if caregiver or child accidentally turns on the water tap.
Falling lids on toy chests have been one cause of death for children between 10 and 12 months of age. Chests without tops or with sliding doors are best.
A toddler moves around with speed and skill. Toddlers can open doors and drawers, creep and climb. They are still curious like infants, but now they are physically and mentally able to explore. They can take things apart and love to play in water. They wonder and wander, but they are not able to judge whether something is safe or not. Unsafe things do not frighten them. You can begin to teach toddlers basic safety ideas. They can follow simple directions.
During the first two years, typical accidents include falls, inhaling foreign objects, poisonings, burns, drownings, and motor vehicle accidents. Special precautions must be taken with toddlers.
The preschool child has the skill and coordination to do things that will surprise you.
Teaching safe play is important at this age. Teach a preschool child:
Preschoolers can travel long distances in a short time without tiring. Any caregiver must watch them constantly when they are in unfenced play areas outside. Set firm limits for outdoor play, including no playing in streets or driveways. Preschoolers can understand basic safety rules. It is important for the caregiver to make sure preschoolers follow the rules.
The most important thing any caregiver can do is set a good example. Always behave in safe ways. Children are watching and will do what you do. The following are things to remember about safe places for preschoolers.
Help older preschoolers memorize their name, home phone number, and address.
Preschoolers must be taught not to talk with strangers or take gifts from strangers. They should never go with a stranger. If a stranger bothers any child, the child must be taught to report that to a familiar adult.
The most common causes of death and injury due to accidents for this age group involve motor vehicles, drownings, recreational toys, falls, burns, and fires.
School-age children (ages 6 to 9) are independent. They do most activities without adult supervision. They must understand and obey safety rules on their own. Sometimes children this age will not follow rules, and discipline may be needed. See *Good Times With Guidance and
Discipline* for information about proper discipline.
Children of this age may have chores to do around the home and yard. They must be properly instructed in the use of power equipment. Power machinery like lawn mowers, tractors, and snow blowers are dangerous. Children who use them must have good instruction and be able to show their skill. Power machinery should never be considered a toy or used in a playful manner.
Six- to 9-year-olds are active. They can travel great distances in a short time on a bicycle, skateboard, or roller skates. It is important that they have the right-sized equipment and good safety instructions. Because of the cost of a bicycle, many parents purchase a two-wheeler that is too large for the young, inexperienced rider. This makes it difficult for the child to control the bike.
In 1980, 175,000 children between the ages of eight and went to the hospital because of a bicycle accident. More than 10,000 children are hit by cars while riding bicycles every year! More than 80,000 children break a bone in a bicycle accident every year! The four major causes of bicycle accidents are:
1. hitting a bump, rock, or curb;
2. doing stunts;
3. riding double;
Caregivers must be prepared to restrict use of bikes and other toys with wheels, if rules are broken. This will emphasize the serious risk of breaking rules about riding. All wheeled toys sometimes share space with automobiles and even a full size bicycle cannot compete with an
automobile. Teach children these bicycle safety rules:
In the park and on the playground, accidents often occur because of faulty equipment or the misuse of equipment. A majority of these victims are between 5 and 10.
Accidents often are associated with falls from equipment, swings, climbing equipment, slides, and seesaws.
The exploring nature of 6- to 9-year-olds will lead them into unfamiliar places. Explain carefully and clearly that dumps and junkyards, underground holes, mine shafts, blasting sites, railroad property, abandoned structures, new construction sites, quarries, irrigation ditches, and excavation projects are always off limits. When they still want to explore, arrange a supervised field trip, tour or visit.
In general, children under 10 cannot fully understand complicated traffic events. Traffic situations often mean they must hear, see, judge distance, guess how much time things will take, and what drivers will do. Accidents occur when crossing streets in the middle of the block, darting out into the street, and walking on the wrong side of the street. If children must walk on a roadway, teach them to walk facing oncoming traffic, and wear white or luminous clothing at night. Teach children to obey the school safety patrol.
Another cause of death for the 5- to 14-year-old child is fire. Playing with matches and careless smoking are two reasons for unexpected fires. Many 6- to 10-year-olds will experiment with matches and building fires. It is best for adults to instruct children in the proper use of matches. Strict rules should be set on where fires can be built with adult supervision. Never leave children in a room alone when there is a fire in a fireplace.
Children ages 12 and over sometimes may be responsible for younger children. The older children must know proper procedures for evacuating a burning building.
Children in this age group enjoy toys that fly, shoot, and come apart. They often are involved in projects where safe use of sewing equipment, leather-craft and woodburning tools, and chemistry sets is important. Use of these tools can be approved after the child demonstrates knowledge and skill in use, care, and storage of equipment.
Great caution is important any time a child plays with toys that fly or shoot. Gun use should be forbidden until a youth has good coordination and the maturity to control emotions without adult supervision. No youth should hunt before passing an approved hunter safety course. Even toy guns with parts that can be shot out of the barrel can be harmful, if misused.
Animals: Supervise all children playing with animals. Small children most often are bitten or scratched by pets in their own home. Children should play gently with a pet.
Aspirin: Children with flu or chicken pox should not be given aspirin.
Bathtubs: Never leave a preschool child alone in the bathtub. The child could fall and get hurt or drown.
Bicycles: Teach children the rules for safe bike riding. By learning to ride a bike correctly and by following these rules, the chance of an accident will be lessened.
Boats: Children should always wear a life jacket when riding in a boat. An adult should always accompany children in any boat.
Bruises: Ice or a very cold cloth will keep bruises from swelling too much. After a bad bump, if a child becomes sleepy, has dizziness or a stiff neck, call a doctor immediately.
Burns: For a mild burn (surface redness), cold water will take away some of the pain. For bad burns (blisters, skin burned away), get adult help right away. Cover the burn with a clean cloth, bandage or gauze. Do not press it against the burn.
Calm: Stay calm in an emergency. Keep children calm.
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation): Learn how to use CPR. Use this treatment only if you are trained and certified.
Cars: Teach children to look both ways before crossing a street and to never cross when cars are coming. Always cross in the marked crossing lanes.
Checkup: A checkup with a doctor every year will help children stay healthy. Encourage parents to schedule regular checkups for their child, if they are not doing so.
Chemicals: Many chemicals are dangerous (see list under Ways to Help Children Grow Up Safely - Accidents Happen). Never put chemicals in a child's mouth or on the skin, or leave them where a child might reach them.
Choking: Learn to use the following methods correctly. If the person is 6 years or older and cannot talk (talking indicates that air can get in and out):
Colds: Colds are spread by contact with persons who have a cold. Cold viruses can be spread for up to three hours after they have dried. Contact with any object touched by someone who has a cold within the three-hour time limit can give a cold. Teach children to cover their mouth when coughing and to wash their hands. Do not accept caregiving responsibilities if you have a cold.
Convulsions: When you see someone having a seizure it may be frightening to you. Don't panic. Don't try to hold the victim down. Do protect them from nearby objects. Loosen tight clothing. Keep breathing passage open. If seizure lasts more than five minutes, call for medical help.
Cribs: Children should no longer sleep or nap in a crib once the height of the side rail is less than three-fourths the child's height. Be sure the mattress fits the crib snugly. Crib slats should be no wider than 2 3/8 inches apart. Be sure all slats and fasteners are secure.
Cuts: First stop the bleeding. For small cuts, wash with soap and water, then press a clean cloth or bandage over the cut. Press tightly until bleeding stops. Then cover with a bandage. For large or deep cuts, press a clean cloth on the cut and get adult help quickly. Keep the cut part higher than the rest of the body.
Diet: Provide foods from the four food groups every day. Never give fruit juices, formula, milk, or soft drinks to infants at nap time or bedtime. The sugar left in the infant's mouth while sleeping will form acids that destroy tooth enamel. See *Good Times at Mealtime* and *Good Times with Snacks* for more information.
Drugs: Never give drugs to a child unless the parents or guardian tell you to do so. Give them exactly as the doctor instructs.
Electric Shock: In case of shock, first shut off power. Break contact with electric current, but do not use your bare hands. Use a broom, oven mitt, or rubber gloves. If a person has been shocked, proceed with CPR, if you have been trained, and have someone call a doctor. Never use electrical equipment near water.
Electrical Outlets: Never let a child play near electrical outlets. Cover outlets that are not in use with safety plugs.
Exercise: Physical exercise every day is important for good health. Provide physical activities for children every day.
Exits: Know where the exits are located in any house, school, theatre, or public building, in case of fire. Have practice fire drills with the children.
Extinguishers: Know where fire extinguishers are located. Learn how to use them before you need them.
Eyes: When something gets in the eyes, close them until they water, or pull the top eyelid gently over the lower eyelid. Do not rub the eye.
Fainting: Quickly move the head lower than the body. Loosen clothing, apply cold water to the face.
Falls: To prevent falls, keep stairways, walkways, and sidewalks clear of toys and trash. Try not to hurry. For toddlers, keep stairways blocked off unless you are watching and helping the child.
Fever: A fever is one of the body's defenses against infection, so unless a child is prone to convulsions, a low temperature does not need to be treated. Learn to take a child's temperature by mouth and rectally. If the temperature is over 101°F notify the parents and ask for instructions. Cool (not cold) baths or towels may help lower the temperature.
Fire: In case of fire, leave the building immediately, taking children with you. Then notify a neighbor or call the emergency number or fire department from a nearby phone. Memorize the number to call. For clothing or hair fires, stop, drop to the ground, and roll. If a skillet or food is on fire, turn off range and carefully slip a metal lid over the pan to cut off all oxygen. Regular fire drills are important. See "Smoke" to learn what to do when a house or building is smoky.
Floods: In case of rapidly rising rivers or streams climb to high ground.
Food Poisoning: To prevent food poisoning, keep hot food hot, and cold food cold.
Frostbite: Soak affected area in lukewarm water. Do not rub or expose to excessive heat.
Glass: Whenever you see broken glass, pick it up and put in a trash can. Teach children not to play with broken glass.
Guns: Never touch a gun that is not yours. Some guns are loaded with shells, and it is hard to tell when they are not loaded. Be sure all guns are in locked cabinets.
Heat: Too much heat is not healthy for people or animals. Do not leave children or animals in a closed car when it is hot outside. In fact, it is best to never leave a child alone in a car.
Heat Rash: This itchy red rash is relieved by keeping children cool and dry.
Hitting: Never hit a child no matter how angry you are. Hitting a child may bruise or hurt their body. Hitting always damages a child's feelings. See *Good Times with Guidance and Discipline* for good ways to discipline children and change their behavior.
Home: Remember, most accidents happen at home.
Hot: Heating appliances or heaters and their cords should not be within reach of a child. Heating toys should be used only if they will not burn. Play with heating toys should be supervised by an adult.
Hypothermia: Overexposure to cold air without protection may cause hypothermia. This is a condition marked by an abnormally low internal body temperature, 95°F, or lower. Symptoms are drowsiness, confusion, slurred speech, and low blood pressure. Keep children inside when it is very cold and windy outside. If they need to go out, dress them in layers of clothing so it can be removed a layer at a time, if they get too warm.
Ice: Ice is useful to keep down swelling of bumps and bruises.
Iodine: This liquid will prevent infection in minor cuts and wounds. It stains, so use it carefully.
Irrigation Ditches: Never allow a child to play in or near an irrigation ditch.
Ivy: If poison ivy is touched with the skin, a painful red rash will result. Poison ivy has three leaves with red stems.
Junk: Junk and trash in play areas can cause falls, cuts, and bruises. Keep play areas free of junk and litter.
Kites: Never fly a kite in a storm. Keep kites away from electrical power lines.
Knives: Be sure knives are stored in a safe place out of reach of small children.
Locks: Check to see that dangerous medicine, sharp objects, and household chemicals are locked in special cabinets or suitcases.
Lost: Children should be taught to "hug-a-tree" if lost in the woods or mountains. This keeps them from wandering far from their group and helps searchers know where to look. Provide a whistle for each child to use, if he or she needs help.
Matches: Children should never use matches without adult supervision. Children cause five percent of all fires.
Medicine: Do not give medicine to children except as prescribed by a physician. Be sure you read and understand the instructions before giving medicine. Even aspirin should be given only as directed by parents. Keep medicine stored out of children's reach in locked cabinets. Any medicine is not safe if taken in excess.
Nosebleeds: To stop a nosebleed, have the child sit up with head forward. Hold nostrils together until bleeding stops (usually seven to eight minutes), or hold nostrils together using a cold wet cloth. Do not blow the nose. Keep the child calm and patient. After seven to eight minutes, if there is still bleeding, insert gauze or a piece of clean absorbent cloth loosely into nostril and press outside of nostril. If the bleeding lasts much longer, call a doctor.
Pets: Children can be seriously hurt by animals, even their own pets. Supervise all play between small children and pets.
Phone Calls: Never tell a caller that you are alone in a house. Caregivers should keep all personal phone calls short. Memorize the emergency phone numbers in your community.
Pillows: Do not use a pillow with infants who are unable to turn over in their cribs.
Plastic Bags: Keep all plastic bags away from children, their toys, play areas, and beds. Children can suffocate if the bags are put on their head or face.
Poisoning: The principle of poison first aid is to get the poison out, or off, or to dilute it. When someone eats or drinks something poisonous, act quickly. Read the container label for first aid instructions. First, call the operator (dial 0) and ask for the number of the nearest Poison Control Center. It is good to have this number ready when you need it. Second, call that number right away, and they will tell you what to do. Have the container ready so you can read the label to the Poison Control Center helper. Have a 1-ounce bottle of Syrup of Ipecac available, in case a physician advises its use.
Pots and Pans: Keep the handles of all cooking utensils turned toward the back of the stove so children cannot reach them.
Police: Police are helpers. Call them in an emergency, or if you need help.
Prevention: It is always better to prevent an accident than to have to treat the victim.
Quick: Quick action can keep an accident from becoming a serious problem. Know what to do, and act quickly!
Rest: Getting enough rest will help prevent accidents. Naps are important for small children and active older children.
Rides: Teach children never to accept a car ride from a stranger, even if the people in the car say they know the child's parents.
Seat Belts: Automobile accidents kill and hurt more children than any other accident. Make sure that all children are strapped into a car seat or wearing a seat belt, whenever they are riding in a car, truck, or van. Children under 40 pounds must ride in child's car seat and be strapped in. Children who weigh 40 pounds or more are safe using an adult seat belt.
Shock: Signs of shock are cold, clammy skin, pale face, chills, shallow breathing, nausea, or vomiting. Have the victim lie down, with feet elevated, unless the injury would be made worse. Keep them lightly covered.
Skull and Crossbones: This sign means danger or poison.
Slivers: Wash injured part with soapy water. Remove sliver with sterilized needle. Wash. Call the parents to see if tetanus protection is needed. If this is not an emergency, you can wait until the child's parent returns to take the sliver out.
Spills: Wipe up all spills quickly to prevent slipping and falls.
Smoke: Crawl low in a smoky room or hall. The air near the floor is better. Get any children and yourself outside as soon as possible.
Smoking: Smoking is not healthy for children or adults. Medical research shows that young children run a higher risk of respiratory infection and hospitalization for bronchitis and pneumonia when they are cared for by someone who smokes.
Snakes: Rattlesnakes can strike without rattling first. Have children wear boots that cover the ankles when hiking. Approach sunny ledges and rocks carefully in summer. Avoid dark cracks.
Snake Bites: If bitten, do not use ice. Bandage the bitten area, and keep the child from moving the bitten part. Get to a medical facility right away.
Sprains: Use the ICE treatment. "I" stands for application of ice. "C" stands for compression (or pressure, but not very tight) with a bandage. "E" stands for elevation, try to rest the injured part higher than the heart.
Stings: Put something cold on the place where the child has been stung. If the stinger is still there, scrape it out with your fingernail. Applying a paste made from baking soda and water will take away the sting or itch of many insect bites.
Stomach aches: Stomach aches can be minor or serious. Emotional stress can cause stomach aches. Vomiting and diarrhea can cause stomach aches. Stomach aches accompanied by a fever and pain may indicate a serious internal problem such as appendicitis. Getting the child to a doctor or emergency room is important.
Sunburn: Avoid sunburn by using a sunscreen. Use shirts and bonnets for extra protection. Infants are especially susceptible to sunburn, even in bright shade. Cool, wet cloths applied for 25 minutes, four times a day will soothe a minor sunburn.
Swimming: Be certain that children can swim before you allow them to play in water. Never let children swim alone. Wait an hour after eating before swimming. Always have parents' permission before you take children swimming.
Telephone Numbers: Keep a list of telephone numbers to use in emergency situations by the telephone. Memorize the emergency numbers for fire and ambulance.
Thermometer: Use a thermometer in the mouth with children 4 years or over. For children under 4, learn to take their temperature rectally.
Tiny Objects: Very young children should never play with small objects. Examples are: fruit pits, safety pins, coins, dried peas, beans, and hard candies. Children are often hurt when they put them in their ears, nose or mouth.
Tooth Injuries: If a permanent tooth is knocked out, a replant of the tooth within 30 minutes by a dentist, gives a 90 percent chance of tooth survival. Put the tooth in milk, then get to a dentist quickly.
Tornado: If there is a tornado warning, take cover quickly. Move to the southwest corner of the basement or storm cellar. Get under a heavy table or workbench that will help protect you from flying objects. If there is no basement, use an interior closet or a small room with no windows. Never stay in a mobile home. If outside, lie down in a ditch that will not be flooded by water.
Toys: Keep toys picked up. Many falls result from toys on the stairs, toys left on the floor where people walk, or toys left on the sidewalk. To learn more about choosing toys for children, see *Good Times with Toys* and *Good Times at Play*.
Trash: Keep trash picked up and thrown away. Trash can cause falls, fires, and cuts.
Vomiting: Call a doctor if: vomiting is accompanied by fever, irritability, listlessness, and painful neck movement; is forceful in an infant; or recurs over 24 hours and prevents intake of liquids.
Water: Never leave a child near a swimming pool, lake, river, irrigation ditch, or any body of water unless there is a competent adult swimmer supervising the activity or area. In the boat, always wear a properly fitting life jacket (not inflatable plastic rings or wings). A small child can drown in a plastic wading pool or bathtub.
Wounds: See Cuts.
Yuk: A picture of Mr. Yuk means children should stay away because there is poison inside. It is the poison warning symbol of the National Poison Center Network, Children's Hospital, 125 DeSota Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213. They are available free.
Zippers: When dressing a child in a front zipper garment, use care not to catch their skin as you zip up to their neck.
1. Remove or correct at least 10 things that could cause an accident or fire in your home, school, or church. Be sure to ask permission at your school or church.
2. Make a fire exit plan for your house and homes in which you care for children. Have a fireman approve your plan. Then have a practice fire drill. Organize a home safety tour for your friends or club members.
3. Write a safety story for your local or school newspaper.
4. Give a presentation to an elementary school classroom that emphasizes special safety precautions during Halloween or December holidays.
5. Create and display a safety poster with a special theme.
6. Give a demonstration on proper care of teeth.
7. Learn and demonstrate the Heimlich maneuver.
8. Complete a course in CPR.
9. Complete a first aid course. If you are under 14 you can take the Red Cross Junior First Aid course. If you are 14 or older, you can take the standard course.
10. Compile your own medical history, including immunization records, allergies, medical exams, dental records, surgery, illness and disease dates, causes, etc. Keep a record on the children you care for, including doctor's name and telephone number, who to call in an emergency, and medication and how it should be given if parents instruct you to do so.
11. Create a play or skit about toy safety.
12. Participate in a campaign to increase automobile seat restraint use.
13. Write out an answer to the following safety concerns.
14. Demonstrate how to put out the following kinds of fires: electrical, grease, clothing.
15. Ask your fire department to obtain free stickers to put in windows of rooms where children sleep, so fire fighters will know where to look in an emergency. Help with the publicity and distribution.
16. Study about and report to your group information on safety procedures to use during tornadoes, floods, and electrical storms.
17. Survey a local playground for unsafe equipment and unsafe play areas. Present a report to the group responsible for the upkeep of the playground.
18. Initiate Project Hug-A-Tree in your community. This program teaches children proper action when lost. Write to Ab Taylor, 6465 Lance Way, Department WD, San Diego, California 92120, for information. Enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope.
19. Organize the clean up of a neighborhood play area.
20. Teach three children how to be safe in water using the Lanoue water-survival technique.
21. Perform a safety inspection of a child's bicycle or tricycle.
22. Walk through your house making a list of all poisonous household products. Then move every item to a space that small children cannot reach. Locks can be used to secure some storage spaces.
23. Demonstrate the use of five different techniques for putting out a fire.
*A Brief First Aid Summary*. Traveler's Insurance Companies, Hartford, Connecticut 06101
*A Holiday Safety Guide*. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Guaranty Bank Building, Suite 938, 817 17th Street, Denver, Colorado 80202
*Child Proofing*. Paperback, pocket, 32 pp., 1980. Child Safety Corporation, P.O. Box 1019, Port Washington, N Y 11050
*Child Safety Series*. Auto Safety and Child Restraints, Children's Clothing, Furnishings and Equipment, Home Fire Safety, Poison Prevention, Toy Safety, Water Safety for Children. Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service Manhattan, Kansas 67463. [This organization is an independent regulatory agency charged with reducing unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products.]
*Coloring Books for Children*. Farm Safety Association, Inc. Unit 22, 340 Woodlawn Rd. West Guelph, Ontario NIH7K6
*Family Day Care Exchange of Information and Ideas - Health and Safety, Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service, Ames, Iowa 50010. [This organization is an independent regulatory agency charged with reducing unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products.]
Films and booklets on safety are available. Write for a listing from: General Motors, Film and Booklet Library, Detroit, MI 48202
*First Aid Textbook*. The American National Red Cross Doubleday and Company, Inc., Garden City, NY 11530
*First Things First: Your First Book About First Aid*, Barbara Balch, 1981. Upjohn First Things First, Third Floor, 99 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016
*Hypothermia*. U.S. Coast Guard, 1982. A program kit with script, slides, cassette tape, and game, that gives symptoms, treatment, and circumstances that may lead to hypothermia.
National Child Safety Council, Jackson, Michigan 49204
Official Safety Manual, Children under Six
Official Safety Manual, First Grade
Official Safety Manual, Ages 7 to 9
Official Safety Manual, Ages 9 to 12
National Fire Protection Association. *Sparky's Coloring Book*, 50 for $8.50. Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269
O'Reilly, Lawrence B. *New Horizons in 4-H Health Education: Guidelines for Programming*, National 4-H Council, 7100 Connecticut Avenue, Chevy Chase, MD 20815
Safety tip books. Available free while supply lasts from: U.S. Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. *Little Big Kids*, ages 3 to 5, 17 pp. *Medium Big Kids*, ages 6 to 9, 24 pp. *Big, Big Kids*, for ages 10 to 12, 16 pp. They are intended to be read together by caregiver and child. Each book provides safety tips relevant to child's age group. If supply is exhausted, they are available from: ERIC Document Reproduction Service, Computer Microfilm International, P.O. Box 190, Arlington, Virginia 22210. The ERIC price is $2.00 each, plus postage.
*Safety for All Seasons*. A year-round guide to better living for 4-H youth and leaders. CSU Bulletin Room, F3000
*Standard First Aid and Personal Safety*. Doubleday and Company, Inc., Garden City, NY 11530
*Stay Well Series*. Complete set $2.00. Write for free copy. Health and Safety Education Division, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., One Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010
*Toy and Sports Equipment Safety * Free, 20 pp., Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. [This organization is an independent regulatory agency charged with reducing unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products.]
*What To Do About Safety * Safety for 6- to 12-year-olds. Pennsylvania State University Cooperative Extension Service, University Park, PA 16802. [Write for current prices.]
Colorado State University Audio Visual Services (films donated by U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission). 16mm.
"Bubble, Bubble, Toys and Trouble" - A film which demonstrates hazards of unsafe toys.
"Play It Safe" - Actors portrayed as a professional sports team competing in safe practices in use of power mowers and hedge trimmers.
"Feeling of Falling" - Falls are one of the biggest home hazards. The film illustrates several types of falls.
"Saved by The Bell" - The doorbell, telephone, and other bells, help the hero's dog to prevent him from being injured through carelessness.
"Travel of Timothy Trent, The" - While his mother is preoccupied with guests, the toddler explores his home and encounters several hazards.
Prudential Insurance Company of America "Child Safety Is No Accident." 13-minute color film #30375. Pay return postage only. Order from: Modern Talking Picture Service, Cromars AV Center Corp., 4725 Oakland, Denver, CO 20239. Phone: (303) 371-6911
National Safety Council, 425 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL60611
National Commission on Safety Education, National Education Assoc., 1201 6th St., NW, Washington, DC 20036
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