The traditional Guitar , also called Spanish guitar , is an musical instrument of the family of the Guitare S.
It is distinguished by a certain number of characteristics:
It is an instrument Acoustique with cords pinches. The sound is amplified by a Caisse of resonance;
very old Instrument whose origins go back to highest antiquity (the word guitar could come from the Persian word kitar), whose form and dimensions evolved/moved during the centuries, of the guitar rebirth, then baroque to the modern traditional guitar, created by Antonio de Torrès, large Spanish violin maker of the 19th century, which remains the current standard;
the traditional guitar consists of a case of resonance made up of a sounding board out of tender wood (spruce or Cèdre in general), fish-plates and of a bottom out of hard wooden (Palissandre, Acajou, maple,…) and of a handle (in Mahogany tree or Cedar) carrying a key (in Purple wood or ebony) hooped. On the instruments of quality, wood are massive and the choice of the gasolines used and the various parameters of construction strongly impacts sonority of it. On the instruments the bottom-of-the-range one, the case of resonance and even the sounding board can be out of plywood, and their construction is standardized for a mass production;
In general, it has six cords tied on a rest stuck on the sounding board. However, certain traditional guitars have seven cords or more, in order to widen tessiture towards the low notes and to reinforce the harmonics of it. These instruments make it possible to play the old music written for Luth S with more than six cords or many modern parts written specifically for these instruments;
In the beginning, the cords were manufactured starting from Catgut (derivative of the Intestin of Mouton, in spite of the name), but nowadays they use the Nylon, in opposition to the cords in Métal found on the majority of the other guitars. These cords have a quite less tension compared to the steel cords, which authorizes handles entirely made out of wood. The three lower cords (known as “low cords”) are however spun with metal, generally of the money or Nickel;
the handle tends to being broader than on the guitars having of the steel cords, which facilitates the phrased complex ones but can require a more difficult position for the left hand (of the right hand for a guitar of left-handed person);
to produce the sound, the cords are usually pinches with the fingers of the right hand (left for a guitar of left-handed person) according to two techniques, the obstinate one and the drawn one. For that, the majority of the players use their long nails with the right hand (or left), carefully cut and polished. By modifying the way of attacking the cords, it is possible to produce a vast pallet of sonorities, of a great softness until sounds particularly claquants;
Rather played and known as instrument solo because of its relatively modest sound power, the traditional guitar was also used out of instrument soloist or of orchestra by many traditional type-setters such as Vivaldi, Paganini, Giuliani, Mahler, Granados, Albéniz, Rodrigo, Manuel of Falla, Villa-Lobos;
This instrument popular with the innumerable possibilities of expression is exploited by the many ones and various styles of musics in the world. Its very vast repertory includes/understands the old musics and baroques (of Aiming, Bach), the classical music (Chopin, Schubert, and Paganini was in love ones with the guitar), the Spanish romantic music (Tarrega), the Latin musics in South America, the Brazilian musics (chôro, Worked-nova), cuban and even modern (Ohana, Koshkin, Takemitsu). It should be noted that the guitar known as flamenca used for the Spanish Flamenco is related for him, although being different from it on many points (construction, technique of play, sonority);
Of many variations of the traditional guitar was born at the 20th century - guitars of accompaniment and folk, guitars of jazz, electric guitars - and made it possible ad infinitum to extend the possibilities and the styles of music of this instrument impossible to circumvent today.
The traditional guitars are normally played without amplification. The first “golden age” of the traditional repertory of the guitar goes back to the 19th century.
Ambitus of the traditional guitar
Type-setters for guitar of the 19th century
Dionisio Aguado (1784-1849)
- Julián Arcas (1832-1882)
- Luigi Boccherini (1743-1805)
- Jose Broca (1805-1882)
- Matteo Carcassi (1792-1853)
- Ferdinando Carulli (1770-1841)
- Napoleon Coste (1806-1883)
- Anton Diabelli (1781-1858)
- Fernando Ferandiere (1771-1816)
- François de Fossa (1775-1849)
- Mauro Giuliani (1781-1829)
- Luigi Legnani (1790-1877)
- Antoine de Lhoyer (1768-1852)
- Antonio Jiménez Manjón (1866-1919)
- Wenzeslaus Matiegka (1773-1830)
- Johann Kaspar Mertz (1806-1856)
- Francesco Molino (1768-1847)
- Giulio Regondi (1822-1872)
- Fernando Sor (1778-1839)
- Francisco Tárrega (1852-1909)
- Miguel Llobet (1878-1925)
- Marco Aurelio Zani of Ferranti (1800-1878)
Type-setters for guitar of the 20th century and contemporaries
Many type-setters not-guitarists wrote for the instrument.
Traditional guitarists of the 20th century and contemporaries
The guitarists also often play of the transcription S of music originally written for other instruments, such as the Luth. The transcriptions of the Rebirth and the era baroque are common.
- List of manufacturers of guitars
- Traditional Guitar Magazine French Magazine treating on the Traditional Guitar.
- Delcamp.net 2000 pages of partitions and 3300 MP3 for traditional guitar, forums, course of guitar on line.
- HTTP: /fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/Guitare traditional Department Guitar of the Faculty of Music of Wikiversité.
- History of the traditional guitar
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