Any prime number is prime to any number which it does not measure.
| Ἅπας πρῶτος ἀριθμὸς πρὸς ἅπαντα ἀριθμόν, ὃν μὴ μετρεῖ, πρῶτός ἐστιν. Ἔστω πρῶτος ἀριθμὸς ὁ Α καὶ τὸν Β μὴ μετρείτω: λέγω, ὅτι οἱ Β, Α πρῶτοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους εἰσίν. ||Any prime number is prime to any number which it does not measure. Let A be a prime number, and let it not measure B; I say that B, A are prime to one another. For, if B, A are not prime to one another, some number will measure them. Let C measure them. Since C measures B, and A does not measure B, therefore C is not the same with A. Now, since C measures B, A, therefore it also measures A which is prime, though it is not the same with it: which is impossible. Therefore no number will measure B, A.|