Networks And Their Applications
An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is an information-processing
paradigm that is inspired by the way biological nervous systems, such as the brain,
process information. The key element of this paradigm is the novel structure of
the information processing system. It is composed of a large number of highly
interconnected processing elements (neurons) working in unison to solve specific
problems. ANNs, like people, learn by example. An ANN is configured for a specific
application, such as pattern recognition or data classification, through a learning
process. Learning in biological systems involves adjustments to the synaptic connections
that exist between the neurons. This is true of ANNs as well.
Neural network simulations appear
to be a recent development. However, this field was established before the advent
of computers, and has survived several eras. Many important advances have been
boosted by the use of inexpensive computer emulations. The first artificial neuron
was produced in 1943 by the neurophysiologist Warren McCulloch and the logician
with their remarkable ability to derive meaning from complicated or imprecise
data, can be used to extract patterns and detect trends that are too complex to
be noticed by either humans or other computer techniques. A trained neural network
can be thought of as an "expert" in the category of information it has
been given to analyze. This expert can then be used to provide projections given
new situations of interest and answer "what if" questions.
advantages include: -
Adaptive learning: An ability to learn how to do tasks based on the data given
for training or initial experience.
2. Self-Organisation: An ANN can create
its own organization or representation of the information it receives during learning
3. Real Time Operation: ANN computations may be carried out in parallel,
and special hardware devices are being designed and manufactured which take advantage
of this capability.
4. Fault Tolerance via Redundant Information Coding:
Partial destruction of a network leads to the corresponding degradation of performance.
However, some network capabilities may be retained even with major network damage.
Neural networks have been
successfully applied to broad spectrum of data-intensive applications, such as:
1.Voice Recognition - Transcribing spoken words into ASCII text.
Recognition - Military application which uses video and/or infrared image data
to determine if an enemy target is present.
Diagnosis - Assisting doctors with their diagnosis by analyzing the reported symptoms
and/or image data such as MRIs or X-rays.
You may also like this : Quantum Cryptography , Speech Application Language Tags, VHDL, Tele-immersion, Voice Portals, Cluster Computing , Virtual Private Network , Optical Computer Cellular Communications, Graph Separators, Extended Mark Up Language, TCP/ IP, Third Generation, Palladium, Dynamic Synchronous Transfer Mode, Ambiophonics, GSM, Optical Fibre Cable, Integrated Voice and Data, Instant Messaging, Synchronous Optical Networking, Development of the Intenet, Design and Analysis of Algoritms, Infinite Dimensional Vector Space, Ethernet Passive Optical Network, Dynamic Cache Management Technique, Generic Framing Procedure, Dynamic Memory Allocation, Firewalls, Handheld Computers, Modems and ISDN, Internet Telephony Policy in INDIA, Optical Free Space Communication, Planar Separators, Wireless Internet, PON Topologies, Smart Cards, TCPA / Palladium, Sense-Response Applications, Cable Modems, Voice Quality, Wireless Application Protocol, Virtual Instrumentation, Bio-Molecular Computing , Blu Ray Disc, 64-Bit Computing, Code Division Duplexing , Delay Tolerant Networking, Dynamically Reconfigurability Computing , Inverse Multiplexing,IT Seminar Reports, PPT and PDF.