When a soil becomes too firm and hard to allow good plant root growth
The decrease in volume and porosity of a sediment caused by burial beneath other sediments.
Compaction of soil is a lack of air or oxygen. Particles of soil are pressed together so tightly that there is insufficient air space. The obvious way this may occur is when a great weight is present, i.e., during construction when large trucks are daily rolled over the land. However, chemical overuse and poor irrigation are more common causes. In healthy soil, natural processes provide aeration, notably the presence of earthworms burrowing their way through the soil.
The use of weights or water to firmly pack fill, such as dirt. The constant mixing, turning or vibrating of a mixture of cement or mortar which is done to eliminate the spaces between the solid fragments during the mixing process which results in a smoother consistent mixture which is stronger and more easily troweled.
A compression process that reorients and reshapes the grains of a sediment in response to the weight of overlying deposits.
Tighter packing of sedimentary grains causing weak lithification and a decrease in porosity, usually from the weight of overlying sediment.
The densification of a soil by means of mechanical manipulation.
(4) a process resulting in a reduction in volume. The change typically results from externally applied loads, creating tighter packing of the solid particles. In fine soils in particular, this requires an egress of pore water. Greater compaction often result in consolidation.
The elimination of voids in construction materials, as in concrete, plaster, or soil, by vibration or tamping. Prevents “bubbles” and other imperfections.
Compaction is a term applied to soil deprived of proper aeration, suffers from excessive water runoff and poor conditions for plant rooting. Soil compaction can be corrected mechanically by core aeration. In nature, earthworms do a good job working against soil compaction. In reference to compost bins, compaction occurs under anaerobic conditions. Turning a compost pile frequently is one way to avoid such compaction.
Elimination of pore space in soil and destruction of soil structure, resulting in reduced soil volume and increased soil density. Compacted soils have poor tilth and limited production capabilities.
Compressed soil, particularly saturated clay and silt soils, resulting in poor aeration.
The process of consolidating soil by mechanical means, such as tractor wheels, the act or process of becoming compact. Involves an increase in bulk density.
Closely packed feed in the stomach and intestines of an animal causing constipation and/or digestive disturbances.
The mechanical compressing of loose soil to a structural standard capable of supporting a specific load.
The process of reducing the thickness of the soil, thus improving it's strength.
Consolidation of sediments resulting from the weight of overlying deposits.
Procedure able to transform an incoherent product to a dense one of the desired form and density. Can be done cold, or with greater ease, hot.
Compressing wastes to reduce their volume. Compaction allows for more efficient transport, but may reduce aeration.
The pressing together of soil particles into a more dense mass
Consolidating soils or making them dense by rolling, tamping, vibrating or soaking.
Usually accomplished by static rolling or vibratory rolling equipment on newly placed gravel and asphalt to maximize practical strength, to compress within compressible limits and to eliminate voids and create base strength. The most important step of any paving project.
an increase in the density of something
A procedure that involves treating wet (plastic) concrete with poker vibrators and/or vibrating screed bars to remove all occluded air voids which, if entrapped in only a small percentage volume in hardened concrete, can severely reduce strength, wear resistance and performance and cause high permeability to liquids.
The crushing and compression of a soil caused by vehicles or animal treading.
soil condition that results from lightly packed soil: Compacted soil allows for only marginal aeration and root penetration
The destruction of soil structure by machinery (such as tractors or haulers) or by livestock.
compressing a given volume of material into a lesser volume. A compacted subgrade and base is essential.
Soil that has become so dense that air and water cannot penetrate; usually caused by foot or vehicular traffic.
The result to soils that are compressed by activity (vehicles, heavy machinery, even heavy foot or animal traffic).
The use of a piece of equipment to intensely pack soil, base material and sand bedding. Often using a powered tamper or plate compactor.
squeezing of soil that results in loss of pore spaces.
in sedimentation: the formation of massive rock from loose sediment, normally brought about by the weight of the overlying sediments; in preservation: organic preservation in three dimensions, for example in peat or clay
The diagenetic process by which the volume or thickness of sediment is reduced due to pressure from overlying layers of sediment.
a decrease in the volume of sediments, largely through water loss, usually due to continued deposition above them
A process of lithification which involves the close packing of the individual grains, mainly by the elimination of pore space and expulsion of entrapped water. Normally brought about by the weight of the overlying sediments.
Occurs when the weight of overlying material compresses more deeply buried sediment. Along with cementation, this process converts sediments to solid rock.
The result of all air and moisture holding spaces being squeezed out from between soil particles by operation of heavy equipment during unfavorable ground conditions. All soils are generally more easily compacted when wet. Compacted soil is less productive and more erodible.
Reduction of the bulk of solid waste by rolling and tamping.
A process used to control fabric shrinkage by compressing fibers into a smaller area.
The compression of soil, causing a reduction of pore space and an increase in the density of the soil. Tree roots cannot grow in compacted soil.
This is what IBM calls compression if it is done in the tape drive. If the same function is implemented in the tape feature card it is called compression.
In crossflow filtration, as a result of pressure, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration membranes may get compressed and result in a decline in flux.
A process of increasing the density of the Asphalt by rolling or using other vibrating compactors.
The geological process whereby a soil mass loses pore space, becomes more dense, and thus increases its bearing capacity.
Whenever extra soil is added to a lot to fill in low places or to raise the level of the lot, the added soil is often too loose and soft to sustain the weight of buildings. It is necessary to compact the added soil so it can carry the weight of buildings without the danger of their tilting, settling or cracking.
The densification of soil by expulsion of air. The amount of compaction possible for a soil is determined using the Proctor test.
a process which forms a sedimentary rock. Pressure from overlying rocks causes â€˜compactionâ€™.
Soil compaction - Increasing the soil bulk density, and concomitantly decreasing the soil porosity, by the application of mechanical forces to the soil.
Used in reference to soil. Soil becomes hardened and compressed thereby making it difficult for roots to penetrate the soil. Air chambers in between soil particles are also greatly reduced or are nonexistent, making drainage and gas exchange from roots poor.
When soil is compressed naturally or otherwise to the extent that water cannot drain away or plant roots penetrate. Subsoiling is carried out to alleviate this.
The process of inducing close packing of solid particles such as soil, sand, or aggregate.
Increasing the density of a material by reducing the voids between the particles by mechanical effort.
the compression of air spaces in the soil by heavy machinery
The reduction in the number and size of airspaces caused by compression. It is most often the result of traffic. Compaction prevents adequate water and air penetration, and reduces turfgrass root growth.
An increase in bulk density and soil strength and a decrease in soil porosity by the application of mechanical forces to the soil. Wheel traffic, the action of tillage implements, and similar physical forces crush soil aggregates and push soil particles closer together, especially under wet soil conditions. Compacted soils or soil layers restrict root growth, water movement, and air exchange.
The densification of a soil by a mechanical process.
Volume change in soil in which air is expelled, but with the water content remaining constant. Compaction may occur due to vibration in loose sands and gravels, and in fill due to self-weight. In soil constructions, compaction is achieved by rolling, tamping or vibrating.
The elimination of voids in construction materials, as in concrete, plaster, or soil, by vibration, tamping, rolling, or some other method or combination of methods. The process of eliminating voids in the non-set concrete mixture that has been placed often using various vibration devices. A sister operation to placing, compaction rates should be about equal to the time it takes to place. See placing and rodding.
Is the term used to describe the action of compressing fill dirt to bear the weight of a building.
Compressing of soil so that it will support a structure.
Compaction is the process of a material being more closely packed together. A compactor is a device that performs compaction.