There are several types of fuel cell, the most common being based on a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM). Such fuel cells can be thought of as electrolysers in reverse. They generate electricity by consuming hydrogen and oxygen. The process is electrochemical and as such is silent and more efficient than combustion. Fuel cells have found application in several stationary and mobile applications, in particular emergency, back-up and remote power systems, electric and hybrid vehicles.
- Electricity generation by consuming hydrogen and oxygen
- Efficient conversion (circa 50-60%)
- No moving parts
- Continuous operation given a continued supply of reactants
The membrane material can be considered to be the heart of the fuel cell. ITM’s suite of ionic materials is equally suited to use in both electrolyser and fuel cells. They have demonstrated exceptional performance (up to 5.5W/cm² at 10A/cm²) when operated in the laboratory using hydrogen and oxygen gasses.
Increases in power density offer a route to fuel cell cost reduction via miniaturisation. The technology also offers solutions where the packaging volume and weight requirements are particularly challenging.
ITM are currently exploring, with the support of the Carbon Trust, the benefits of ITM’s materials for use in fuel cells which use air as oxidant rather than pure oxygen.