The fate of the river herring in Maine and along the Atlantic coast was solidly in the hands of the New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC), who gathered in Portland this week.
By midday Wednesday, they had voted to send a
recommendation to the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to require strict
oversight on large mid-water trawlers working three miles off the coast and up
to 200 miles out to sea.
More decisions affecting river
herring were expected by late in the day. NMFS is likely to act on the NEFMC
recommendations before the end of the
summer.Recreational and commercial fishermen, among
others, have pointed to the need for strict oversight of the large mid-water
trawlers that target Atlantic sea herring inshore but also scoop up marine
mammals, haddock, and river herring as unintended bycatch.
Alewives and blueback herring, collectively
known as river herring, spend most of their lives at sea and have been on the
decline for decades, in spite of efforts to improve habitat and build fish
ladders so spawning fish can make their way from the sea to freshwater in the
Fishing for river herring is illegal in
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island and North Carolina. The fish are
currently under review for listing under the federal Endangered Species Act,
with a recommendation for or against listing expected this summer.
Like their sea-dwelling cousins, river herring are an
important food species in the marine food web, providing food for groundfish,
stripers, tuna and others. At sea, river herring often school with Atlantic
Atlantic mid-water trawlers, with a fleet
numbering around 40 boats, are among the largest boats fishing in federal U.S.
waters today. Mid-water trawlers, such as those operated by O'Hara Corporation
in Rockland, tow submerged cone-shaped nets through the midsection of the water
column that funnel schooling fish towards the small end of the net, known as the
cod end. Working in pairs, with one larger net being pulled behind two boats,
trawlers can work an area in a grid pattern, catching up to 1,000,000 pounds of
fish in one haul, with the potential to clear out a local river herring
population in a day.
There have been no bycatch limits
on how many river herring can be caught. Catch caps may be set late
On Wednesday, NEFMC voted to require all
mid-water trawlers to carry a scientific observer on board to keep track of
bycatch numbers, with industry and the federal government sharing the cost. If
NMFS approves this requirement, it is likely to be implemented in spring of
Source: New England Fishery Management Council