 
A Comprehensive Writing on the Topic of Ijtihad and Taqleed

## Kashaful Haqaiq

With Supplementary Notes

Syed Baqir Nisar Zaidi

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Translated

by

Syed Jazib Reza Kazmi

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Copyright 2012 Syed Jazib Reza Kazmi

Published by Wilayat Mission Publications at Smashwords

Web: http://www.wilayatmission.com

Email: publications@wilayatmission.com

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the copyright holder.

First Published in 2012 by Wilayat Mission Publications

Lahore Pakistan

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# DEDICATION

I dedicate this book to my respected friend and teacher, Honorable Shah Abdul Aleem, whom Allah made a wasila (source) of my guidance from the darkness towards noor.

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## CONTENTS

Will You Pay Attention?

First Chapter Negligence

Three Kinds of Sins

Second Chapter Now It Has Come To This

Recognition of Shaitan (la)

Humans Natural Weakness

Third Chapter- Should We Remain Ignorant All of the Time?

Where to gain knowledge?

Who are the knowledgable?

Fourth Chapter-Ijtihad

BEGINNING OF IJTIHAD

Quranic Proof of Ijtihad

Fifth Chapter- Usool e Fiqha (Principles of Laws)

Zan (Presumption)

IJMA (Consensus)

Sixth Chapter Qiyas (Analogy)

Ilal Sharia (Reasons for Laws)

Fatwa

THE FINAL PROOF

Seventh Chapter- Differences

Eighth Chapter- Opposing Masoomeen (asws)

Hatred of Masoomeen (asws)

QUNOOT OF EID PRAYERS

Hatred of the Knowledge of Masoomeen (asws)

Hatred of the Azadari of Imam Hussain (asws)

Rejecting the shahadat (testimony) of Wilayat e Ali (asws)

Proof of the testimony of Wilayat e Ali (asws) in Kalima

CHAPTER 9: CLAIMS

HUJJAT UL ISLAM (PROOF OF ISLAM)

AYATULLAH (SIGN OF ALLAH)

Claim of being "IMAM"

CHAPTER 10: TAQLEED

Literal Explanation of Taqleed

Knowledge of a Mujtahid

Chapter Eleven- What should the shia do?

CHAPTER 12: KHUMS

The purpose of Khums

THE RIGHT OF THE IMAM (Asws)

CHAPTER 13: REVOLUTION

Who planned the Revolution?

Reason of the Revolution

What was this revolution?

RESULTS OF THE REVOLUTION

APPENDIX

Other Books available

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# Testimonies

I testify there is no god except Allah. I testify Muhammad (saw) is His servant and prophet. I testify Ali (as) is Wali of Allah, Master of Believers, and Imam of Muttaqeen. I testify Hasan (as) bin Ali (as), Hussain (as) bin Ali (as), Ali (as) bin Hussain (as), Muhammad (as) bin Ali (as), Jafar (as) bin Muhammad (as), Musa (as) ibn Jafar (as), Ali (as) ibn Musa (as), Muhammad (as) bin Ali (as), Ali (as) bin Muhammad (as), and Hasan (as) bin Ali (as) are the Walis of Allah and my Imams (as). I testify the owner of the time, Qaim Aale Muhammad (as) is Wali of Allah, Proof of Allah, Caliph of RasoolAllah (saw), Successor of RasoolAllah (saw), and my Imam (ajf). I testify no one has the right to adopt the titles which were divinely appointed to the Imams (as) other than the Imams (as) Themselves. Any one who does this is rebelling against the authority of Allah.

This book is written purely according to the beliefs of Shia. If non shia decide to read this book, it is purely up to them.

# Will You Pay Attention?

It has always been considered dangerous to swim against the flow of the river especially during a flood when the swell of the river is at its greatest, but I am compelled to do so when I see many people around me who are drowning or are desperately trying to stay afloat. I want to swim over and try to save them. This book is a small part of that effort of mine. It is natural for certain questions to arise in the human mind. Why is it the human being will be questioned and be subject to rewards and punishment? Why was it considered necessary for him to be given good news as well as warnings? Why was he given more importance than the other creations? There is only one answer to all these questions; because he has been endowed with intellect. Man has been given the power to decide and free will.

Intellect is that which gives man an exalted status over other creation and, without which, man would follow their instincts in the same way animals do; however, man acts lower than animals in certain ways. It is due to this intellect that he has been granted a superior status over the others. And when I refer to his intellect, I am not referring to something extraordinary, but rather, I am referring to the common sense which every human being possesses. It is possible that a person of low intellect may not comprehend the words of one with a higher intellect, or some words may also not be understood by one of higher intellect. These different levels of intellect are what creates different statuses amongst man. Common sense is the first proof of Allah for the human being, and can be found in all of mankind. This fact no one can deny.

For example, if one were to look at a constructed building then one will conclude that there has to be someone who has constructed it. And when one looks as its mode of construction and its design then one will also conclude that this is not the result of mere physical effort, but that wisdom and intelligence are behind it as well. These conclusions will be reached by all except those who are insane. The Holy Quran is written in such a way so that the people will use their common sense of and then in turn may ponder and reflect upon it. Allah has addressed all the people wherever He says 'O you people', and not only certain people of a particular level of intelligence. It is this very common sense that I am appealing to so that my message can reach and be understood by even those with the lowest intelligence.

Now it should be clear to you that if it is by the usage of his intellect the human being has achieved a high status, then by not using his intellect, he will be lowered in status. He will be rewarded based upon whether or not he made use of the level of intellect that he was given. This is the reason why my Master, Ameerul Momineen (asws) has said:

" _If one guarantees for me to firmly establish in himself one good quality I will credit him for it and forgive his other shortcomings. But I will not forgive him for his losing Intelligence and religion; abandoning religion is departing peace and security. Thus, life with fear and insecurity is unpleasant. Loss of Intelligence is loss of life. A person without Intelligence can be compared with no other thing but the dead."_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql, chapter 1, hadith 30)

So it has been proven from the above traditions that there are two groups of people who will be destroyed:-

The first type is one who follows the crowd blindly, and if the crowd were to walk towards a pit and fall into it, he will close his eyes, follow the crowd and fall into the same pit.

The second is one who is unaware of what the religion itself says and has placed his affairs into the hands of others.

Let me narrate to you another tradition: -

Imam Reza (asws), says _:"'Of the religious people, those who have no Intelligence deserve no credit.' I then asked, 'May Allah keep my soul in your service, of the people who support this cause (wilayat) we know a group who are considered acceptable in our opinion but they do not have such Intelligence.' The Imam (asws) then said, 'They are not of the people whom Allah has addressed when He created Intelligence and said to it, "Come forward." It came forward. He then said, 'Go back.' It went back. Then Allah said, "I swear by My Honor and Glory that I have not created anything better and more beloved to Me than you. I will grant blessings to you only and will hold only you responsible for the consequences of your deeds.'"_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql, chapter 1, hadith 32)

The questioner here is talking about those that can be referred to as Shia by virtue of their beliefs and their deeds. Apparently their deeds are not bad, but their beliefs are not based upon their intellect nor are their religious instructions by the use of their intellect. The Imam (asws) is neither classifying them as Shia nor as believers.

When Imam Ja'far Al Sadiq (asws) was asked about the definition of intellect, he replied "Intellect is that by which the Beneficent can be recognized". This book cannot be an explanation for this tradition, therefore I will only write that which is relevant to the topic. What I am trying to say is worship is only that which is done by the use of intellect, otherwise it can only be classified as physical exercise.

This has been explained in a hadith of RasoolAllah (saw): -

" _RasoolAllah (saw) has said, 'If you hear good things about a man, you should examine how good his Intelligence is; he will be rewarded according to his Intelligence.'_ "

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql chapter 1 hadith 9)

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) narrates, " _Intelligence is the support for man. From Intelligence comes insightfulness, understanding, memory and knowledge; and with Intelligence he gains perfection. Intelligence is his guide, his instructor and the key to his affairs. When his Intelligence is supported with light, he becomes a scholar, a keeper of knowledge, an intelligent recaller and a man of understanding. Through Intelligence he learns the answer to how, why, where or when. He learns who helps and who harms him. When he learns these facts he learns the channels, the connections and the differentiating factors. He then establishes pure belief in the oneness of Allah and acknowledges the need to obey Him. When he does so he finds the proper remedy for what he has lost and the right approach to whatever may confront him. He knows well his present involvement, why he is here, where he has come from and to what end he is headed. He will have all these because of Intelligence."_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql, chapter 1 hadith 23)

And in the end I am quoting such a tradition that anyone who has even an inkling of faith in the hereafter will be compelled to give his own life a second glance. Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) has said the following: _"The only thing standing between iman ( belief) and kufr (disbelief) is lack of Intelligence. People asked the Imam, 'How is that, O great-greatgreat- great grandson of Rasoolallah (saw)?' The Imam (asws) replied: 'Human beings depend on others than Allah to fulfill their expectations. If they become sincere to Allah He will grant their wish and fulfill their expectations more quickly.'"_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql chapter 1 hadith 33)

The Imam (asws) has clearly said that a person falls into kufr (disbelief) when they do not use their intellect.

If you have understood the importance of intelligence and its use in the light of the instructions of Masoomeen (asws) then it will be easy for me to move forward in my discussion. I ask you to put aside all of your prejudices and personal bias when you browse through this book, and evaluate my arguments on the basis of intellect alone. Then you will understand the reality of my message which is this book has neither been written in condemnation of any person nor in refutation of any viewpoints, but only to present to you true realities based on the Holy Quran and commentaries of the Masoomeen (asws) and you have been invited to use your intellect. So now, if sunrise brings an end to the night of darkness then all shall benefit from it. I have tried to present arguments either from the Holy Quran or the sayings of Masoomeen (asws). As far as the Holy Quran is concerned I have only made use of the explanations of Masoomeen (asws) for it is the unanimous view of the Shias that only they have the right to explain the Holy Verses as not only are they fully aware of the Desires of the Almighty Allah but in fact are His Desires themselves. Commentaries based on personal opinions are forbidden in our religion.

As far as the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) are concerned, I have taken these only from those books which are regarded as the fundamental books of hadiths of the Shia religion and around which the whole of the Shia religion revolves. For example, Nahj Ul Balagah, Nahj Ul Israar, Sahifa E Kamila, Usool E Kafi, Man La Yahzur Ul Faqih, Kitab Sulaim Bin Qais Hilali Etc. I have made all this effort so that there can be no possible way of refutation.

Only two situations arise when confronted with a proof. Either it has to be refuted by a proof that is more decisive or stronger than the first one and not making use of qiyas (conjecture, analogy ) and references from non masoom, or if it cannot be refuted by this means, then it must be accepted. There is no third situation. As far as stubbornness, mischief making, and giving preference to the words of non masoom over the words of the Masoomeen (asws) is concerned, then the people of intellect will always find this repulsive. This is why I am only addressing those with intellect.

Reading a Book is an Art

Writing a book is no doubt a difficult and arduous task, but it is even more difficult to read one. A book is a tool for sending a message across but it is also a monologue. It is up to the reader to understand the reality of what the author is trying to convey, and that requires concentration and the book has to be read in an organized and systematic manner. In order to fully understand the book, no comment or page of a book can be ignored, for it may contain a message. Therefore even the title of a page may contain a particular ayah of Quran and a message would be embodied therein. Thereafter the references for the arguments of a book have to be looked at so that the strength of the arguments can be gauged. When you look at the contents page, you would have an indication of the subject matters discussed in the book. The preface of the book needs to be read so that the purpose of the book can be understood. After this, one needs to read the book from its first page to its last which is the way it has been written.

It is only after having done all this that one achieves the purpose of reading the book and gets to be in a position to either refute or accept what has been said in the book. Reading a book from the middle or from its various parts haphazardly only leads to confusion and misunderstanding. This is the manner of reading of those whose intention is not to read the book but to pick up bits and pieces of information from it so that he can debate against people of low intellect and show off their intelligence within their circle of friends. I am certain my readers are those that will read this book in a manner that will give them the true and complete knowledge of it.

# First Chapter Negligence

Every religion has certain principles, which are embedded in its roots and executed through its codes of practice, and give out fruits through its branches. It is pointless to think about the branches when there are no roots. Therefore, survival of a tree is dependent upon its roots and not on its branches.

Based on intellect we can therefore conclude that the survival of a religion is also based on beliefs and not on the performed deeds. If the beliefs are incorrect then abundance of deeds are of no use whereas if beliefs are correct then the scarcity of deeds will be acceptable. Regarding this matter Allamah Hilli has written in his book 'Ahsan Ul Aqaaid' on page 9: 'The principles of religion are those which form the foundation of religion. If any one of these is removed then religion does not remain intact'. On page 10 he states: 'The acceptance of worship and deeds as well forgiveness depends upon the principles, understanding of a religion and its beliefs. It is the principles, which form the criterion for reward and punishment.'

Those that hold correct beliefs, but have ugly deeds will suffer punishment in the hereafter after which they will be the recipient of Divine rewards due to their correct beliefs. Eternal punishment is only for those unbelievers that do not believe in the usool e deen (principles of religion).

And (as for) those who believe and their offspring follow them in faith, We will unite with them their offspring and We will not diminish to them aught of their work; every man is responsible for what he shall have wrought. (52:21)

This verse does not state that the children were the doers of good deeds, rather it refers to the children who followed them in faith.

In 'Kitaab Ul Mo'min' Imam Muhammad Baqir asws has said: "On the Day of Judgment the Lord of the Universe will stop His true believer and make him count each and every one of his sins and forgive them all. Neither a prophet nor an angel would be aware of this".

In another narration, it has been narrated that Allah will cover up the sins of a believer and will not make his sins known to others. These sins will then be ordered to turn into good deeds. This has been revealed in this manner:

Except him who repents and believes and does a good deed; so these are they of whom Allah changes the evil deeds to good ones; and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. (25:70)

The last thing that I would like to say regarding this matter is that there is a unanimously accepted hadith of RasoolAllah (saw) that says : 'My Ummah would be divided into 73 sects, out of which only one would go to Paradise whilst 72 of them would go to Hell'. So, from the 72 sects that will go astray, even if one person were to go to Paradise then this tradition will become void. Likewise, if even just one from the one sect that is destined for Paradise goes to hell, then this hadith is also rendered false.

Now, it is a matter of fact that many sects have been formed, not on the basis of deeds but on the basis of beliefs. This argument of mine can be verified by Allama Hilli's book 'Ahsan Ul Aqaaid' where he said: 'From the nation of RasoolAllah (saw), the seventy two sects that are destined for Hell and one which is destined for Paradise, is not based on deeds, for the deeds of all the people to be the same is against reason. Some will be carrying out religious obligations without failure whilst others will be careless in performing them. Since people's deeds are not of the same status and kind, therefore punishment and rewards will also be different. The one sect that is destined for Paradise will surely be due to its beliefs and not due to its good deeds. Since all the people of a particular sect profess to have the same beliefs, therefore it is possible to refer to the whole sect as the one destined for Paradise or the one destined for Hell fire.' It is therefore imperative upon the 'Ummah' that they should analyze their beliefs on the basis of intellect. Wrong deeds can therefore be subject to forgiveness, but if the beliefs are wrong then the possibility of forgiveness does not exist. Now I will quote some more traditions for you from Al Kafi so that there will remain no possibility of refutation after this.

1.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) narrates, "Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has said, 'I will cause to suffer punishment all those who live a religious life in Islam who in and give acknowledgement of the guardianship of unjust scholars who are not divinely appointed by Allah, even though such followers are apparently virtuous and pious in their deeds. I will forgive all those who live a religious life in Islam who believe in and acknowledge the guardianship of an Imam who is just in his dealings and who is divinely appointed by Allah, even though such followers are sinners.'"

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Hujjat, Chapter 85, hadith 4)

2.Imam Jafar Sadiq asws said: 'No deed is harmful if one has the correct iman (belief) as sins will be forgiven but no deed is beneficial for one who dies in the state of Kufr (disbelief). Have you not pondered that Allah Says: There is nothing which is in the way of their forgiveness except for their denial of Allah and His Prophet saw as they eventually die in the state of Kufr."

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul iman o kufr , chapter 337 , hadeeth 3)

3.Imam Jafar Sadiq asws said: "If your iman (belief) is correct, then no wrongdoing will have effect on you in the hereafter. If your iman (belief) is incorrect and you die in the state of kufr (disbelief), then no good deed that you performed will be of any benefit for you in the hereafter."

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Iman o kufr , chapter 337 ,hadeeth 4)

4.Imam Jafar Sadiq asws said that Ameerul Momineen (asws) frequently used to say in His sermons: "O people! Remain inside the religion of islam. It is better to commit sins while believing in islam than doing good while believing in another religion. If you are a follower of Islam, your sins will be forgiven but if you are not, then your good deeds will not be accepted."

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Iman o kufr , chapter 337, hadeeth 6)

Now there is no doubt about the fact that forgiveness depends upon beliefs and not on the performed deeds. It is from here that I start my discussions. Now that the importance of the principles of beliefs has become clear a question arises in the mind. How much effort has gone into propagating the beliefs? How much teaching and preaching has been done to the Shia people about their beliefs except for the fact that they have been made to just remember them superficially? Place your hand on your heart and ask yourself how many Shias are aware of the concepts of Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) and Adalat (Divine Justice)? Who is there among them who understand Nabuwwat (Prophethood) and the secrets of Imamate? How many of them know what the Day of Judgment is and what will happen there? I would not be wrong if I say that 99.9% of them are unaware of these principles of religion, to the point they are unable to even explain what their basic definitions is. In their view, religion is only the performance of deeds, and they consider the usool (principles) as something that is simply a part of their culture and tradition.

## Three Kinds of Sins

It is an obligation upon us to keep ourselves safe from sins. This means that we have to keep away from zulm (oppression) because Allah has revealed in the Holy Quran that on the Day of Judgment a caller shall cry 'Curse of Allah is on the oppressor'.

It has been narrated from Imam Muhammad Baqir asws in Usool e Kafi , Kitabul Iman o Kufr, chapter 864 , hadeeth 1 that "Sin is of three types. The first type is one that Allah will forgive. The second is one that Allah will not forgive. The third is one Allah will not ignore until justice is done.The one which Allah will not forgive is 'SHIRK', and the one which Allah will forgive are those sins a person against himself in the matters which are between him and his Creator (such as prayers, fast etc). The one which will not be ignored until justice is done are those a person has committed against other human beings"

This is the scientific age and everything gets done scientifically. If someone were to give you multiple tasks to perform what would you do? Would you start from whatever tasks are in hand and take it from there or would you first make a priority list?

Let's say for example that you have run out of flour in your home and your family is hungry, and at the same time one family member happens to be ill and needs to go to the hospital. What would you do? Would you go and buy the flour first to feed the family or would you first take the sick person to the hospital? Obviously every person of intellect would take the sick to the hospital and then buy the flour because the other family members would still live, although they would be hungry, but not taking the sick to the hospital would endanger his life. My Master asws has divided sins to be of three types; One which will be forgiven, one which will only be forgiven after punishment or compensation and one which will never be forgiven. Now if you have the intention to stay away from sins, which of the sins will you worry about first? Which one the second? And which one is the third?

In my preface to this book, I have written many logical points that will appeal to the intellect. I am reiterating this appeal. You let me know using your own intellect whether you will first try and stay away from those sins which will never be forgiven, or not? Then you will worry about the second type and then lastly about those sins where my Master asws has given me hope of forgiveness.

So, now the list of sins to stay away from is somewhat like this:

1.Shirk

2.Dealing with others

3.Obligations of religion (prayers, fasting, etc)

But the scholars of our religion have reversed the above order completely. They have explained to us our obligations of religion and given them the top priority. They have placed the matters of dealings with others as second and lastly they have told us about Shirk. Even then, they have only said that we should not believe in more than one God. If you were to even pay a little attention to this you will see that at the present time hardly any work is taking place in the Shia world to explain the principles of religion. All our resources are being spent on explaining how to perform our wudhu (ablution) correctly, if we forget one rakat in our prayer then what shall we do etc. And most importantly, immense focus has been on how to collect Khums.

When you listen attentively to those that lead prayers and ascend the mimbars (pulpits), and analyze their speeches you will realize that their main purpose is Khums and nothing but Khums. How did this come about? Why were our preferences changed to this reverse order? Why have we been kept unaware of our beliefs? We shall consider all these points in the next chapter, but before we proceed to the next chapter please reflect upon this, as it is a matter of eternal life, either of damnation or salvation, eternal punishments or eternal rewards. Do not take this lightly as it could cost us an unrecoverable loss, an opportunity which will never be given to us again!

# Second Chapter Now It Has Come To This

InshaAllah, now we shall discuss the matter I mentioned in the previous chapter in greater detail. I will give you a hint by quoting this tradition of Ameerul Momineen (asws). The eminent scholar Zakir Husayn in his book 'Hamaare Murtaza Ki Shaan' has referred to this by way of example:

Questioner: 'What is this unity of the light of Muhammad (s.a.w.) and Ali (asws) that has been narrated in the hadiths?'

Maulana: 'Do you know the obligatory and the recommended acts in Namaaz (prayer) and wudhoo (ablution)?'

Questioner: 'Yes, whatever is necessary.'

Maulana: 'You do not have the complete knowledge of these things and you want to know about vain things? Go away and do not get involved in vain discourse.'

If you have got the general picture of what has happened here then I shall now quote what the Ameerul Momineen (asws) has said: 'Four things are proof of decline; Wasting of principles of religion, sticking to the branches of religion and considering them more important, elevating the dishonorable people, and looking down upon the honorable people.' (Nahj Ul Israr Page 77).

Keeping this tradition in mind, you will find it easier to understand what I am about to say. This will no doubt cause one to wonder why all our resources and efforts have been directed towards the branches of religion rather than at its principles. Have we been given this life so that we should only worry about whether we should wash our faces once or twice during wudhu (ablution)? Alas, after 1400 years, the rules of wudhu (ablution) have yet to be sorted out. This is simply playing with knowledge. Its only purpose is to divert the people from the purpose of their life and get them entangled in useless discussion.

Today there are differences in the most ordinary of regulations between the Marjas (Jurisprudents). The result of this is that today the believers have been divided into different groups and each group has its own way of doing things. This is despite the fact that Allah's Commands are decisive and there is only one Sharia (law) and not fifty thousand. You have seen from the above statements of Ameerul Momineen (asws) that by giving preference to the branches of religion over its principles is proof of decline. Now, reflect upon the decline that has set in on the Shia, both in their worldly matters as well as their religious matters, and ponder over what their causes might be.

## Recognition of Shaitan (la)

"There is no compulsion in religion; truly the right way has become clearly distinct from error; therefore, whoever disbelieves in the Shaitan and believes in Allah he indeed has laid hold on the firmest handle, which shall not break off, and Allah is Hearing, Knowing. "(2:256)

I would like to point out two things from this verse. There is only one handle to hold on to for all the people. Each person cannot hold on to his own handle. Secondly, it is necessary to disbelieve in Shaitan before believing in Allah. Believing and disbelieving must be done with understanding because that which is done in ignorance is void. How can a person accept or reject that which he does not even know? I am only touching upon the understanding of belief at the moment as this is away from the topic of this book. InshaAllah I shall deal with this matter at its appropriate time and place. Let me first deal with disbelieving Shaitan. In order to disbelieve in Shaitan we have to first understand him and his methods. Allah has told us in many places in the Quran to save ourselves from Shaitan, and so if we do not even know who he is how shall we save ourselves from him. We do not even know how he misleads us and what kind of web of deceit that he spins so that we can avoid falling into his trap. Let me now explain to you how he misleads people so that we can save ourselves from him.

Web of Shaitan (la)

There is a long sermon from Ameerul Momineen (asws) entitled 'The will to Kumayl Ibn Ziyad'. In this He has made Kumayl aware of all things big and small about this world and the hereafter. In this He sheds light on the workings of Shaitan. He says: 'O Kumayl! Iblees (la) has not made any promises for himself. The promise he made to his Lord was to lead the people towards sin so that they may be destroyed. O Kumayl! He will entangle you in his web with enjoyment, and he will tell you what he knows and you will follow him and will not be able to let go, because you will believe he is dear to you even though he is Satan, the accursed. Then when you go near him and are contented with him he will then show you ways that lead to destruction from where salvation would be impossible. O Kumayl! He has a web which he sets up. Fear this! So that you may not get entangled in it. O Kumayl! The world is full of his webs. No one will be able to attain salvation from it except through Us. O Kumayl! As you have been commanded, attain salvation from this through your love for Us so that Shaitan will not become a part of your wealth and children. O Kumayl! Do not be misled by those that prolong their prayers and keep fast all the time and give charity and are of the delusion that they have the correct understanding. O Kumayl! I swear by Allah that I have heard from RasoolAllah (saw) that when Shaitan wants to lead people towards desires like intoxication, eating the flesh of swine and other sins, then he first leads them to excessive prayers and prostrations, then he gets them to fall for the Imamate of the false Imams who will call towards Hell on the day of judgment when nobody will be helped." (Nahj Ul Israr Page 366-368).

Read again the last section from the words 'O Kumayl! Do not be misled' up to the end and think over it with all your concentration, so that you may understand the web of deceit spun by Shaitan and save yourself.

### Humans Natural Weakness

We now have to see why one by one the matters of religion have been changed. Why have the Commands of Allah, RasoolAllah (saw) and the Imams (asws) been disregarded? In order to answer this, we have to go back to the time of RasoolAllah (saw). Allah's Commands were given out by RasoolAllah (saw) and obedience to Him (RasoolAllah saw) was made compulsory, without any if's or but's. Then He continuously explained the secrets of Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) and Wilayat of Ali (asws). In the end, He announced this on the plains of Ghadeer because His complete Message was hanging on this particular matter. In other words RasoolAllah (saw) did two things. He gave out the apparent (zahir) commands that we have to follow and batin (hidden) command of Wilayah of Ali (asws).

Now it is an inherent human weakness to worship someone, from day one. When he could not understand the One Creator, he started worshipping stones, trees, moon, sun, stars etc. If nothing else, he started people under the guise of hero worship. The people at the time of RasoolAllah (saw) were not exempt from this. When you look at that history you will see, there were only a handful of people who obeyed the batin (hidden,underlying) commands. Most of them were busy in finding out the rules of Namaaz (prayer), Roza (Fast) and Zakaat (poor tax). That is why the foundation of their religion was not strong. You will see that the batin (hidden, underlying) knowledge only comes from Ahul Bayt (asws) and no one else. During the time of RasoolAllah (saw), people did not openly oppose Ahlul Bayt (asws). It was only after His demise that they began openly showing their animosity towards Ahlul Bayt (asws) and turned against Them. The enemies of Ahlul Bayt (asws) wanted the people to refer to them (enemies) and honour them in the same manner as the people honored the Ahlul Bayt (as). However, it is beyond their capabilities to steal this knowledge and status from Ahlul Bayt (as). Because this time was close that of RasoolAllah (saw), His words and commands were still fresh in the minds of the people. The enemies of Ahlul Bayt (asws) wanted high authority in the land and in matters of religion. This is why during the period of the first two caliphs it was forbidden to write down the narrations of RasoolAllah (saw). So as time went the words of RasoolAllah (saw) began to lose their importance in the daily lives of the people and the personal opinions of the leaders began to gain more importance. All this was as a result of greed, envy and enmity towards the Ahlul Bayt (asws).

The people after the time of RasoolAllah (saw) had to decide whether to choose between the apparent (zahir) knowledge and the batin (hidden, underlying) knowledge. Those who were with the batin (hidden, underlying) knowledge were often ignored by the people and hardly anyone referred to them in matters of religion. Who used to ask Salman (as.), Abu Dhar (r.a.) and Miqdad (r.a.)? Even then, at that time they used to refer to the people of fatwa like Ibn Abbas and Ibn Mas'ud etc.

There is no doubt that 'marjaiat' is gained from this apparent (zahir) knowledge and not from batin (hidden, underlying) knowledge. What glory they have. Hordes upon hordes of people are coming, kissing their hands, acquiring apparent commands, and presenting gifts. It's like mangoes are being sold at the price of their seeds. They had an open field to themselves. The sayings of RasoolAllah (saw) had already been lowered in the eyes of the people and the Holy Quran had already adorned the Mihrab. The scholars have abandoned the Quran and hadiths and have replaced them with their own qiyas (conjecture) and opinion.

1.When it comes to the Holy Quran, they prefer their own opinion and their own conjecture

2.When it comes to Hadeeth, they prefer their own opinion and their own conjecture

3.Where both of these are silent then they make up their own opinions instead.

There you are, now they have become the uncrowned kings of religion, and when they release their fatwas then no question can be asked of them, no references can be asked of them and no proofs either. You just follow them without any if's or but's, give them their dues for their efforts otherwise they will tell you to leave their marjaiat. Neither will you remain a religious person nor will any of your deeds be accepted as now they have taken this right for themselves. The authorization papers to enter Paradise are being issued right here in this world. It is another matter that even they themselves don't know whether their own deeds are being accepted or not, or whether they themselves are going to Paradise or not. So my dear readers, this was the beginning of Ijtihad.

# Third Chapter- Should We Remain Ignorant All of the Time?

I do not know whether you consider ignorance as something which is good or bad, but I know that every person begins teaching his child from about the age of three or four. Then he spends time and money on the child. He tries very hard to enable the child to be in a position to earn enough money in the battlefield of life. And if a child only manages to have a mediocre standard of education then he is reprimanded for it. However, when it comes to religion the situation is totally opposite. The father tells the son: 'My son, be ignorant, do not learn or reflect on any matter. I am ignorant, my father is ignorant, our forefathers were also ignorant people, and in fact our whole community is ignorant. So what is the problem? There are some people that we can ask from, and were they to tell us something wrong and we act upon it then Allah will question them and is not going to question us now is He?.'

Tell me the truth, is this not the situation? And RasoolAllah (saw) has also said, _"Seeking knowledge is obligatory for every Muslim. People should be aware that Allah loves those who seek knowledge.'"_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql chapter 2, hadith 1)

It is due to a conspiracy that has been established over centuries that the Shias have been told not to worry. Acquisition of religious knowledge is not an obligation on you. It is only for certain people. This is not 'Wajib Ayni', but it is 'Wajib Kifayi'. You are the general public and are crippled and therefore not subject to questioning. You go and get jobs, run businesses and enjoy yourselves, and when you have a religious matter to sort out then come to us for we are the specialists. The reward for our efforts is that you should give us a fifth of your wealth regardless of how you earned it. Then you are free for a whole year and no more burdens are on you. RasoolAllah (saw) did not leave a single stone unturned on this matter. He used the words 'on every Muslim' in the above tradition. So even if a single person were to opt out of the seeking of knowledge then he will no longer be a part of the whole. If you are still not convinced then look at another tradition:

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, " _O Bashir, there is nothing good in those of Our followers who do not acquire a good understanding of religion .If someone from amongst them does not have a good understanding of religion, then he asks those who oppose Us. When he asks them, they lead him astray without him even realizing."_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql chapter 3 hadith 6)

Now there should be no doubts in this matter. If you wish to be counted amongst the honored ones, or if you want to be regarded as one who follows RasoolAllah (saw) and the Imams (asws) and if you do not wish to enter the door ignorance, then acquire religious knowledge and act on it, no less no more.

### Where to gain knowledge?

Let it be clear that RasoolAllah (saw) did not tell us to acquire knowledge, rather He told us to seek it. Now it becomes necessary for us to find out from whom to seek knowledge. Were we to seek it from the wrong source then our efforts would be in vain, time would be wasted and we would be sinners. Come, let us ask the Holy Quran as to whom we should seek knowledge from.

Then let man look to his food, (80:24)

It has been explained in Tafseer Safi that Imam Baqir (asws) was asked the meaning of "food" in this ayah. Imam (asws) replied, "This is man's knowledge which he should seek." The commentator then said that what the Imam (asws) is saying is that knowledge should be acquired from the Ahlul Bayt (asws) in whose houses the revelation came down. Knowledge sought from other sources would be incomplete and weak.

In another narration Ameerul Momineen (asws) has said: 'Knowledge has been safeguarded with its inheritors and you have been commanded to seek the whole of it from those that have it (meaning from Ahlul Bayt asws)."

In another tradition Imam Ja'far Al Sadiq (asws) has said: "We, Ahlul Bayt (asws), are the inheritors of the knowledge of RasoolAllah (saw)."

## Who are the knowledgable?

The term 'knowledge' is an attribute which means 'to know' and 'ignorance' means 'not to know'. People of understanding know that the majority are normally in the opposition. Two opposite things cannot co-exist at the same place e.g. fire and water, similarly, intellect and ignorance cannot be in the same person at the same time. If you consider someone knowledgeable then you have to deny every kind of ignorance in him. If he is considered knowledgeable in matters of religion then you will have to deny his ignorance in all matters of religion. Now, is there anyone who can make this claim of being knowledgeable? Does anyone have the right to call someone knowledgeable? Apart from Masoomeen (asws) everyone else gains knowledge, and the more they gain the less ignorant they become. Those who gain knowledge are not the knowledgeable ones but can only be referred to as "the seekers of knowledge".

Compared to each other everyone is knowledgeable. I am knowledgeable compared to my son. Someone else is knowledgeable compared to me, and this chain has no bounds. Masoomeen (asws) have clarified this matter so that everyone cannot wear this crown on their heads. I am only presenting two traditions here which are sufficient for those who wish to understand.

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _'People are of three groups: Scholars, those who learn, and misled ones. We are the scholars. Our followers are the ones who learn. The rest of the people are the misled ones.'"_

(Usool e Kafi Kitabul Aql chapter 4, hadith 4)

" _O Kumayl! Remember that there are three kinds of people: one is those learned people who are highly versed in the ethics of truth and philosophy of religion, second is those who are acquiring the above knowledge and the third is that class of people who are uneducated. They follow every pretender and accept every slogan, they have neither acquired any knowledge nor have they secured any support of firm and rational convictions."_

(Nahj Ul Balagah pg no 850 Saying No. 146)

# Fourth Chapter-Ijtihad

Before I start discussing this important topic I think it is better if I were to mention a few points.

The majority of us, in fact the majorities of the majority are of the understanding that whatever you hear you should accept and not try to find out what the reality is. That is why when someone tries to explain the reality to them, they are surprised when it contradicts with their beliefs which they know nothing about, and then they start arguing. Therefore it is better for me to explain a few things beforehand so that it would cut out unnecessary arguments later on.

## IJTIHAD

Ijtihad is the maximum efforts of a jurist to enable him to get the presumption of a Sharia law – Allama Asad Haider.

This is not my definition but one that I have taken from a Mujtahid and therefore I am free from any blame. Anyhow, I thank Allah that in the very beginning it has reached the minds of my readers that Ijtihad has nothing to do with certainty. If the foundation of Sharia law were to be set on Ijtihad, which permits conjecture, then the result would be subject to doubt.

Let me quote another Mujtahid, Allama Bakhshahi of Tehran from his book 'Imam Ja'far Al Sadiq (asws) Peshwa U Mazhab', where he states: 'The significance of Ijtihad in relation to Islamic Law is such that a Mujtahid takes the raw material of information and then processes it by doing Ijtihad and then supplies the final product to the Islamic Society. This is why the thinker Agha e Mutahhari has referred to Ijtihad as the engine that drives Islam. Apparently it cannot be refuted that during the times of Masoomeen (asws) the term Ijtihad was not there, and even in the traditions it has never been used like it is being done today in reference to the Shia and the Sunni jurists. This term was neither used to refer to Masoomeen (asws) nor did they use it for any of Their companions who were scholars.

He goes on to say that, 'We also see that until the 4th and the 5th century Hijra, the scholars use to make use of the term Ijtihad in reference to analogy and opinion. For example Sheikh Tusi in his book 'Uddat Ul Usool', in one of his arguments has referred to Ijtihad to mean analogy'.

Let us take a moment here and ponder upon the following points;

1.The terms Ijtihad and Mujtahid have nothing to do with Masoomeen (asws) and they never used these words in the manner that is being done today.

2.Masoomeen (asws) never appointed any Mujtahid to be a guide for the people and therefore a Mujtahid can never be a NAIB-E-IMAAM. (Appointed representative).

3.The terms used by Masoomeen (asws) such as scholar or jurist can never be taken to mean Mujtahid.

4.In both the Sunni and Shia schools the terms Ijtihad and Mujtahid are both being used in the same meaning.

5.Ijtihad and qiyas (analogy) are two names of one thing.

It is my view the term Ijtihad has been clarified sufficiently, but for the contentment of the mind I would like to refer to Mufti Ja'far Hussain's commentary on Nahj Ul Balagah's Sermon No. 18: 'It is the view of the Imamia Sect that Allah has not authorized anyone to make laws of Sharia nor did He command anyone to act according to a Mujtahid's opinion. Neither has Allah issued different orders regarding one issue. However, if mujtahids are unable to reach a unanimous ruling regarding an issue, then whatever fatwa he issues regarding that matter, the people should follow. However, it should not be considered as a substitute for the divine command of Allah. Even though he is unable to obtain what is the actual divine command of Allah, he tried his absolute best. Therefore, the people should appreciate all of his efforts and encourage him so that he (mujtahid) does become dejected and will continue on in his efforts."

I have only mentioned the above so that their viewpoint can be understood. I will discuss its lies and contradictions in detail later on.

## QIYAS (ANALOGY)

In religion the meaning of Qiyas is the application of a command in one matter to another matter based on a common ground. This then demands that the order should be the same for the two matters. - (Commentary of Sahifa Kamila by Mufti Ja'far Husayn)

## LOGIC

This means the extraction of religious law based on the application of logic by the scholar. (Al-munjid)

Now that these three definitions have been explained, we will now return to the main topic of this book, Ijtihad.

## BEGINNING OF IJTIHAD

Whenever you wish to know about something then you have to look at its beginning, otherwise you will not be able to understand its conclusion. It's like trying to untangle a knot, one has first to look for one of its ends and then try and untangle it.

That is why my Master Ameerul Momineen (asws) has said: "When you are in doubt about a matter, you can understand it ending by looking at its beginning." Therefore it is necessary that we look at the beginning of Ijtihad so that we can understand its reality.

I have pointed out in Chapter 2 how Ijtihad entered among the Sunnis. In practical life this started during the era of the 1st caliphate and then the second and carried on to the extent that those who were considered to be the companions used to think that it was their birth right to use their own opinion in matters of religion. This is why the Sunnis regard all companions to be Mujtahids and cover up their mistakes by regarding it as an 'error of Ijtihad'. It was later on, at the time of Abu Hanifa that Ijtihad was done in an organized manner. He began commenting on the Holy Quran using his own opinion and declared some Hadeeth to be of a doubtful nature. This gave him an open field to play in. Later on many others followed his example and created their own sects. They also created the principles of jurisprudence which formed the basis of Sharia law. (Al Risalat Ul Ilmiya Fi Akhbar Ul Ma'sumeen – Al Risala for short) It has been quoted from Rawdat Ul Jannat by Muhammad Baqir Khonsari: 'It is the unanimous view of all the scholars that the first one to set the principles of jurisprudence was Shafi of the Sunnis'.

I am only delving into this for the sake of understanding it and not to narrate the history of Ijtihad among the Sunnis. This has nothing to do with us. It's their affair. We are only interesting in finding out where this plague came from and how it was established amongst the Shias. Allama Bakhshashi has quoted his book, 'Imam Ja'fer Al Sadiq (asws) Peshwa O Raees E Mazhab' that the first Shia scholar who used the term Ijtihad in the other meaning was Allama Hilli (died 726 AH) who in his book, in the chapter of Ijtihad used the term Ijtihad in the same meaning that it is being used today in. This was the time period when the term Ijtihad was accepted by the Shia.

Well, that was the 8th Century AH. Let us now go back a little. Allamah Muhammad Baqir Kamrohi's book, in his preface of Sheykh Saduq's book Al Khisal he says: "until the end of the 4th CenturyAH, the Shia used the Holy Quran and the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) as the source of law. When they started following the scholars of other sects, they then started writing books on Principles and Jurisprudence; then Ijma (Consensus) and Aqal (Evidence of reason) was introduced as sources of law. When it was pointed out to them that this was against the teachings of Ahlul Bayt (asws), they tried to explain it away by saying that the consensus includes Masoomeen (asws), whilst the evidence of reason on its own is not a source but is part of the evidence which forms the law. This then led to the introduction of analogy (Qiyas) in the Shia sect. This was the time when referring to the Holy Quran and the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) as sources of law came to an end. Those that hung on to these two weighty things as the only sources of law lost the attraction of the scholars and the attention of the people."

Let me clarify the claim that 'by consensus we mean that Masoom (asws) is included therein'. Now it is up to you if you wish to accept this claim without any evidence, however, it does not make sense. If you were to look at the discussions of these scholars you will see that they differ vigorously among themselves on many small and big issues. This proves that Masoom (asws) is not present amongst them and is not a part of their differences. The purpose of Imam (asws) is to remove differences and not to create them.

Furthermore, since they started to create a parallel system in contrast to the unconditional obedience to Masoom (asws), how is it possible for Imam (asws) to be part of this discussion and be agreeable to their qiyas (analogies)?

It has been clarified that the Shia Sect was clean from the impurities of Ijtihad up until the end of the 4th Century AH. Now, it is said that 'Excuse for the sin is worse than the commission of it'. In this way they have sacrificed the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) at the altar of the rules which they took from the Sunnis. Their assertion that the evidence of reason and consensus are the tools with which they uncover the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) is also invalid because these two tools were created by Shafi of the Sunnis. Therefore, they cannot have anything to do with Masoomeen (asws). Neither did Masoomeen (asws) mentioned them nor commanded the use of them. We are discussing the period of the 4th Century AH, but this matter goes further.

As I have said before, Marjaiat is an intoxicant like none other. Even at the time of the minor occultation, despite having respect for the last of the Imams (asws) they had started thinking about establishing their Marjaiat. The first thing they did was to introduce the term 'Naaib e Imam' (Representative of Imam) and adopt it for themselves. They were soon reprimanded for this from the letters that came from Imam (atfs.), and so the Shias were kept safe from the deceptive traps of Shaitan (la).

As soon as the major occultation started, the desires of these deceitful people came to fruition. What they then did was to refer the four messengers of the Imam (atfs) as 'the four representatives' and made them well known as such, despite the fact that these four noble people never used this term for themselves. There is no mention anywhere in history of the usage of this terminology for these four noble people. Al Kafi was compiled during the minor occultation and does not refer to this term anywhere. Man La Yahzur Ul Faqih was written immediately after the start of the major occultation and there is no mention of this terminology anywhere in it either. Is it not strange that the Shias of that time had neither heard of these 'representatives of the Imam' nor had any knowledge of the 'four representatives'. It was centuries later that some people had 'revelations' that these terms should be pasted onto these four messengers of the Imam (atfs) so that they should begin to be known as such amongst the people. This was done so strongly that if today someone were to try and uncover the veil in order to explain reality, then the people would oppose him vehemently. The whole purpose of this was that sometimes in the future they themselves would be able to adopt these terms for themselves and there would be no objection from the people. Those that referred to the four noble messengers of the Imam (atfs) as the four 'special representatives' (Naaib e Khaas), and who then adopted for themselves the term 'general representatives' (Naaib e Aam) . The messengers of Imam (atfs) were neither Mujtahids themselves, nor were they issuing any verdicts (Fatwas), nor did they believe in the principles of jurisprudence, nor did they ever invite people to follow them (do their Taqleed). These 'special representatives' only used to convey the commands of the Imams (asws) and that's it.

There are too many veils that have covered the events during the minor occultation and it is no easy task to lift these and come to know the reality. If you were to listen to the statements of these people or peruse their books you will feel that (maazAllah) the period of the minor occultation was devoid of guidance. Only a few of His (Imam atfs) letters and miracles will be seen, as if the whole of His (Imam atfs) network was engaged in the sole activity of the collection of Khums. Someone will be seen to be bringing Khums in a canister of oil or someone will be bringing it concealed in a piece of cloth.

When scholars realized the profitability of the situation, they then had the audacity to declare themselves as being representatives of the Imam (atfs), and during these days Ijtihad and the principles of Jurisprudence were systematically introduced among the Shias from the Sunnis.

## Ijtihad and Usool e Fiqha were taken from The religion of Sunnis and included in Shia

You may be shocked by this. These are not my words, but those of Allamah Syed Baqir Musavi Khownsari from his book 'Rowzat Ul Jannat Fi Ahwal E Ulama O Sadaat'. Muhammad Bin Junaid who was a resident of Baghdad, and was known by the title of KATIB (Writer), was the first person who laid the foundation of Ijtihad in the Shia world by adopting the principles of Jurisprudence from the adversaries. He followed Hasan Bin Aqeel Nu'mani in this concept and lived at the time of Muhammd Bin Yaqoub Kulayni. These two scholars are known as the Two Old Ones. Sheykh Toosi was the first one to follow the footsteps of Ibn Junaid who issued a number of religious commands against Yaqoub Kulayni, prompting the other scholars to try and affect a compromise between the two in order to prove both of them to be correct.

In this regard those that went against the companions of Masoomeen (asws) by using the evidence of reason, the art of theology and qiyas (analogy), were Muhammad Bin Junaid and Hasan Bin Aqeel Nu'mani. Then came Sheykh Mufeed, who made conjecture a beloved thing from what he wrote, and his companions Syed Murtadha and Sheykh Toosi who forwarded the method of Ibn Junaid and Ibn Abi Aqeel to the next generation. After this, Allama Hilli made the principles of the adversaries an obligation and got the aggressive support of both the Shaheed E Awwal and Shaheed E Thaani.

The first one to make the claim that the majority of hadiths upon which the Shias used to act and will continue to do so during the major occultation are to be taken from the books of the companions of the above mentioned people, was Sheykh Ali.

The Mujtahid Muhammad Idris Hilli was the first one to declare that any tradition which has only one narrator cannot be relied upon and no knowledge can be gained from it. Sheykh Ta'ifa, Syed Murtadha, and Sheykh Toosi all acted upon this regulation.

You have just seen what an old Mujtahid Allamah Muhammad Baqir Khonsari has explained above.

Now let us see what conclusions can be drawn from all this.

1.The Mujtahid Ibn Junaid is the founder of Ijtihad in the Shia Sect, but he was himself in the Taqleed of Hasan Bin Abi Aqeel Nu'mani and they both were at the time of the Minor Occultation.

2.These two elders are referred to as the 'Two Old Sheykhs' (Qadeemain')

3.Ibn Junaid is the first Shia Mujtahid to not only adopt the principles of Jurisprudence of the Sunnis but also made these a part of the Shia Sect.

4.The great Mujtahid who completed the adoption of these principles as part of religion was Sheykh Toosi.

5.Ibn Junaid lived at the time of Sheykh Yaqoub Kulayni the narrator of hadiths, and openly opposed him.

6.The words, 'Some Mujtahideen tried to make a compromise between the two and try and prove both of them to be correct' testifies that there were some scholars who had the same Ijtihad mentality.

7.The vehement opposition to Sheykh Yaqoub Kulayni shows that the process of Ijtihad had already started and the road to the guidance of Masoom Imam (atfs) was being blocked. These people were backed by the government of that time because Ibn Junaid was a minister of Mo'iz Ud Dowla in the Buyid period.

8.The Mujtahids of that time stopped following hadiths and started opposing the great collector of hadiths Sheykh Yaqoub Kulayni, who presented to us his monumental book 'Al Kafi', which is based on the original principles of religion and is regarded as a reliable book. They vehemently opposed him and started following their own opinions based on conjecture and analogies and gave preference to Ijtihad.

If this religion of the Mujtahids were to be analyzed, what would be the criteria for it? Personal opinions, personal choice, personal circumstances or the words of Masoom (asws)? Certainly those that are aware and love their religion would say that the criteria should be the words of Masoomeen (asws). So, without any hesitation I would like to quote one tradition from Al Kafi and let you decide.

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws.) said, " _People have been ordered to get Our understanding, and to turn to Us (rujoo) and obey what We say. If these people fast , offer prayers , and give testimony of Allah but do not turn towards Us for guidance and in obedience , they would become polytheists"_ –

AL KAFI.

Now look at some more from Rowzat Ul Jannat :

1.The first person to say that truth can only be reached by four sources – The Holy Quran, Coincidental traditions (Hadees), The Evidence of Reason (Aqal) and Consensus (Ijma), was Abu Huzaifa Wasil Bin Ata who was the first one to be referred to as a Mu'tazilite. He is the leader of the misguided and the father of the Mu'tazilites. He used to live in Medina and has the title Abu Huzaifa Ghazali.

2.It is the unanimously accepted view of all the scholars that it was Shafi who first made up the principles of jurisprudence.

The more you look into these Mujtahideen the more shocking revelations you will come across and you realize that the reins of this matter are in the hands of the adversaries. The main problem is that the Shia have been impressed by the general appearance of these Mujtahids who have adopted the apparent religion of Masoomeen (asws) but in reality are followers of Their (Masoomeen asws) enemies. The Shias, when they look at their turbans and cloaks that they wear, get easily influenced by them and consider their words as being the words of Masoomeen (asws).

## Quranic Proof of Ijtihad

It has now become clear from the words of the scholars themselves that Ijtihad, by its word and its meaning has been taken from the Sunnis and it has nothing to do with the religion of Ahlul Bayt (asws). The focus of the people has been turned away from Ahlul Bayt (asws) and towards the scholars. They quote from the Holy Quran in order to justify their misdirection and quite surprisingly the Shia have believed them. This is what happens when people go far from the religion. People begin listening to the opinions of others and abandoning the use of their own intellects. They not only lose their religion but their wealth as well. Then they make as their enemies those who reject the words of a non masoom and who only follow the words of Masoomeen (asws) and who only follow those whom Allah has commanded the people to obey, and they do not include others in this obedience.

Anyhow, let us now examine the ayahs which are presented as proofs of the establishment of ijtihad. Incidentally, these ayahs are the same that are presented by the Sunnis for the justification of their Ijtihad.

The ayah is **from Sura Tawbah (Repentance) 9:122** :

" _And the believers should not all go out to fight. Of every troop of them, a party only should go forth, that they (who are left behind) may gain sound knowledge in religion, and that they may warn their folk when they return to them, so that they may beware."_

Now, some of you will be of those who recite the Holy Quran quite regularly and some of you might have even read some of these commentaries. Tell me the truth, from the above translations; can you even catch a glimpse of the permission of Ijtihad or the justification for it?

Let me now quote from Syed Ali Haeri's book where he has referred to the above verse as, 'In Sura Tawbah it has been revealed that it is not the responsibility of all the believers to travel for the sake of acquiring knowledge, but a group from among them should endeavor to gain the knowledge of jurisprudence and wisdom so that when they return to their people and warn them then maybe they will fear the punishment of Allah '. He then comments on this that 'Therefore, a few matters can be proven from this verse.

Firstly, the acquisition of knowledge is a collective responsibility and not an individual one. Secondly, there is no need for the general public to indulge in this exercise as they are handicapped by simply being members of the general public. It is now obligatory on the educated ones to teach the ignorant about matters of religion. Thirdly, the warning has to be based upon the knowledge of halal and haram and the Commands of Allah. This warning deals with logic and verdicts because the Mujtahid talks without mentioning the Divine Verses and Hadeeth. Ijtihad is therefore necessitated because until such time as the Mujtahid is well versed in religious matters it is not possible for him to warn the people, and if he does, without being well versed, then he cannot be relied upon. Fourthly the words 'Maybe they will fear' prove Ijtihad, because the public is listening to them without any proofs. The people themselves do not possess the ability to acquire this knowledge because they are Muqalliden (followers of mujtahids). Ijtihad is thus proven."

I am certain after reading the above arguments your eyes will have been opened to the realities of ijtihad. The way Ijtihad has been proven by the above points makes me feel as if someone is telling me that 'The day has dawned, the sun is shining, there is also a cool breeze and the branches of the tree are in motion, this therefore proves that there is a crow sitting on the tree'.

The following points are actually proven from this discussion:

1.The words 'gain sound knowledge in religion' has been translated as 'The knowledge of Jurisprudence'.

2.Acquisition of knowledge is only for a few and not for all.

3.The whole of the Shia world has been described as illiterate, and this is what actually suits the Mujtahids as illiteracy of the people is profitable for their business.

4.The verdicts of the Mujtahids have been considered as the Commands of Allah.

5.'Warning' has been taken to mean Ijtihad and these warnings can only be done by logic and verdicts.

6.The idiocy and stupidity of the people has been made the reason for Ijtihad as they neither ask for any proofs nor for any references. They just bow their heads to the statements of the Mujtahids and follow them blindly.

7.The Mujtahids have been declared as being 'well versed in knowledge'.

If you go through the above points again you will realize that this mujtahid has placed certain accusations on the Words of Allah, the Holy Quran.

## 1st Accusation

The acquisition of knowledge is only for some people and not for all whereas Allah and RasoolAllah (Saw) have commanded us to do otherwise. Not only in the ayah under discussion, but in the entire Holy Quran there is no indication for the acquisition of religious knowledge incumbent upon only a few. This audacious attitude is only being promoted for the preservation of the institution of Marja'iat and to keep people ignorant in opposition to the Commands of Allah RasoolAllah (saw).

## 2nd Accusation

Not only in this ayah, but in the entire Holy Quran, Allah has never referred to the believers as illiterate, or stupid or dishonorable people like this Mujtahid has. In the Holy Quran words like 'Ignorant' etc. may have been used for the unbelievers, polytheists and the hypocrites but not for the believers. Allah has referred to the believers as 'people of intellect' etc. but never used any ugly words for them. Nowhere has it been said that the warner or the one who enjoins good and forbids evil should be a person of a particular level of knowledge. In fact this is proven from the fact that based on the verdicts of the Mujtahids themselves the enjoining of good and forbidding of evil has been included in the branches of religion thereby expecting everyone to perform these acts and not the Mujtahids only. People should warn others of those issues that they possess knowledge of and it is not necessary for one to be a Mujtahid before they do this.

## 3rd Accusation

Nowhere in the Holy Quran does it say you can make claims without evidence or proof. It is not allowed to issue verdicts without making any reference to Hadeeth as they claim it to be. There are many places in the Holy Quran where we have been told to ask for proofs and to give proofs. Allah Himself has given proofs of the claims that He has made and asked people to produce their proofs for their claims. So who are these people who consider themselves to be above the provision of proofs or evidence or reference? The Holy Quran has in fact forbidden the religions without proofs or blind imitations, and so from the Holy Quran, neither is Ijtihad proven nor Taqleed. The reason why the Mujtahids have made use of this ayah is because they saw the word 'Layatafaqqahu' in it and they thought that it would be a good idea if they were to translate it as 'Usool e Fiqh' (Principles of Jurisprudence), which were actually made up some 200 years after the demise of RasoolAllah (saw). In this way they altered the meaning of the ayah so they could place greater emphasis on jurisprudence in order to make the people think that the Jurisprudence of the Mujtahids has actually been commanded by Allah . This was despite the fact that this word has been used in many places in the Holy Quran to denote 'understanding'.

If we were to look at the statements of Masoomeen (asws) then we would see that this word has been used in the same manner. For example when Imam Hussain (asws) wrote a letter to Habib Ibn Mazahir to invite him for help, Imam Hussain (asws) addressed it as 'From Abu Abdillah Al Husayn (asws) to a man of understanding (Rajool Un Faqih) Habib Ibn Mazahir'.

Can someone now tell me as to which Usool e Fiqh did Habib Ibn Mazahir study or whether he used to issue any verdicts (Fatwas)? When you study the whole of Imam Hussain (asws)'s letter you will realize the connotation of the epitaph 'Man of Understanding' that Imam Hussain (asws) used for Habib Ibn Mazahir. Imam (asws) says in his letter 'O Habib! You are aware of Our station and position, therefore come to Our help'. It is now established that according to Imam Hussain (asws) the 'Faqih' is one who understands the position and the station of the Imam (asws). This word has no relationship with the branches (Furoo) of religion.

Now let us look at what the Mujtahids take to be the meaning of 'Faqih'.

" _Once a man asked a question from Imam Abu Jafar (asws) who replied to it, and then the man said, 'The Fuqaha (scholars of law) do not say this.' "The Imam (asws) then said, 'It is a pity. Have you ever seen a Faqih? The real Faqih is one who maintains restraint from worldly matters, who is deeply interested in the life hereafter and holds firmly to the Sunnah (noble tradition of the RasoolAllah saw).'"_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql chapter 23 hadith 8)

In **Al Khasal chapter Khasalit Haya Dogana hadith 23** Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) has said: " _A man becomes a FAQIH by leaving greed and personal desires to the extent that he becomes unaware of what he is wearing or has even eaten."_

These traditions have effectively eradicated the definitions of the Mujtahids. When we read history we see that most of the lives of our Imams (asws) have either been spent in prisons or in Their own homes. So then who used to give verdicts (Fatwas) in far flung areas where people did not have the direct contact with the Imams (asws.)? If people of those areas were in need of Mujtahids then who were the people appointed by the Imams (aws) as Mujtahids for those people? If there was no need for the Mujtahids at that time then there is no need for them today. As far as newly occurring problems as time goes on is concerned, InshaAllah, we shall discuss this in the next chapter.

The author of 'Al Risala' has indulged in additional discussion on this ayah. 'In this ayah two terms 'Fiqha' and 'Tanzeer' (Warning) are used by these people to prove Ijtihad. I have done the exposition of the term 'Fiqha" above. Now let us look at the other term 'Tanzeer' (Warning). Firstly let us look at the Mujtahideen of today. After the revolution of Iran, now that the government is in the hands of the 'Ayatullahs' (Signs of Allah) and the 'Hujjatullas' (Proofs of Allah), and they have their own schools of learning, it has become obligatory on every group that they should send their representatives to Iran in order to learn Jurisprudence from them so that on their return they can warn their own people who would then be able to save themselves from the 'punishment of Allah (s.w.t)'.

First of all they should explain to us as to how did the term 'Tanzeer' come to mean Ijtihad. This term actually means to warn people of the punishments of the hereafter if they were to indulge in bad deeds. For proof, I hereby refer you to the ayah revealed for the day of 'Be'that':

" _And warn your nearest relations", (26:214)_

I cannot understand which part of this verse indicates that Fatwas should be given based on analogies and consensus. This ayah neither proves Jurisprudence nor its principles, nor Mujtahids nor Ijtihad, nor the issuance of Fatwas.

After this illogical struggle of the Mujtahideen let me refer you to explanation of Masoomeen (asws) about this ayah. Sheykh Saduq has recorded in his book 'Allal U Sharaai' that Imam Reza (asws) in his explanation of the Pilgrimage (Hajj) said : " From whatsoever that is there for them in this congregation of Hajj, it is also that they should gain their understanding of religion of the Imams (asws) and spread it in every corner of this earth because Allah has Commanded in the Holy Quran "some people from all groups should come out and obtain their understanding of religion from Masoomeen (asws) in whose service Hajj is being done. And when they return back to their people they should relate to them the understanding that they have gained from Masoomeen (asws) and warn them so that they would save themselves from the haram things. They must be a witness over their own benefits."

I hope that after this it will be clear that this ayah 9:122 has nothing to do with Ijtihad or going to a 'Hawza' but it is for the annual Pilgrimage where the congregation is to gain knowledge of the hadiths of Masoomeen (asws) and spread them across the world. This whole issue of Ijtihad was created from not understanding religion and the misuse of the term 'Understanding of religions' (Tafaqqoh Fil Deen). When the meaning of religion will be explained to you, then it should become clear to you the deceit that has been done based upon the premise of the people being ignorant. You should know that religion (Deen) is a set of beliefs (Usool) whereas religious laws (Shari'at) is both of the 'Usools' (principles) and 'Fur'oos' (branches) put together. This is because the belief never changed because from Adam (a.s.) to RasoolAllah (saw) there was only one religion.

" _Surely the (true) religion with Allah is Islam," (3:19)_

Since Shari'at is a combination of 'Usools' (principles) and 'Fur'oos' (branches), therefore Shari'at keeps changing over time as the 'Fur'oos' change. For example let us look at what Allamah Hilli has said in his book 'Ahsan Ul Aqaaid' on pages 8 and 9 : 'In the Glorious Quran the Usool have been referred to as 'Deen' and the combination of both the 'Usools' and 'Fur'oos' has been referred to as Shari'at. Religion has always been one whereas Shari'ats have been five as in the ayah:

" _He has made plain to you of the religion what He enjoined upon Nuh and that which We have revealed to you and that which We enjoined upon Ibrahim and Musa and Isa that keep to obedience and be not divided therein; hard to the unbelievers is that which you call them to; Allah chooses for Himself whom He pleases, and guides to Himself him who turns (to Him), frequently." (42:13)_

The ayah clearly shows that the religion of all these five great prophets was one whereas they had five different set of laws. In fact all the prophets came with the one and only religion as has been mentioned in the ayah before that 'Surely the religion with Allah is Islam'. The point to ponder over is this that if there was a Command to ponder over Shari'at then some sort of argument could have been made to delve into the principles of jurisprudence, however, the Command is to ponder on religion (Deen) and therefore it can only mean to try and understand the beliefs. This is why Imam Hussain (asws) referred to Habib Ibn Mazahir as a 'Man of understanding' (Rajul Un Faqih). It is now proven that 'Fiqh' stands for the understanding of the station and position of the Imam (asws) and a Faqih is one who understands the station and position of the true Imam (asws).

I think more than enough has been written about this verse now, that those who reflect over their religious matters just as they do over their worldly affairs, will be able to come to the correct conclusion about it, and this is my aim. As for those that come under the definition of this sermon of the Ameerul Momineen Imam Ali (asws), 'The third group of people is one who responds to every caller and follows him, and change their direction according to whichever way the wind blows' as well as for those that consider it forbidden upon them to ponder over religious matters or reflect upon their hereafter, and prefer to blindly follow a non masoom as proof of their religiousness, and those who take pleasure in throwing away their religion and their wealth, then I have nothing to do with these people nor am I addressing them in this book. I am convinced that there is no shortage of people who consider intellect and pondering over matters to be a mark of a human being. If one were to make them aware of the truth then they will not refute it without thinking over it, or consider the weight of evidence or proofs.

The other verse that is used to prove Ijtihad is:

" _And when there comes to them news of security or fear they spread it abroad; and if they had referred it to the Messenger and to those in authority among them, those among them who can search out the knowledge of it would have known it, and were it not for the grace of Allah upon you and His mercy, you would have certainly followed the Shaitan save a few." (4:83)_

I shall deal with this verse in the chapter of 'Istambaat' later on. In the next chapter I shall deal with the 'Usool Fiqh' (Principles of Jurisprudence) about which you have read earlier on.

# Fifth Chapter- Usool e Fiqha (Principles of Laws)

People left Ahlul Bayt (asws) in favour of others and so the principles of Jurisprudence that were made up by Shafi entered the Shia Sect. Due to their frequent and widespread usage, not only did the original meaning of the term 'Usool E Fiqh' become obscured, but it is now being used mainly in the same meaning as held by our enemies. In fact the principles of Jurisprudence of both Sects are the same. I have previously mentioned the sources of law as being Qur'an, Hadith, Ijma (Consensus) and Qiyas (Analogy). The replacement of qiyas (analogy) with Evidence of Reason (Aqal) does not alter its meaning in any way, because from the Mujtahids of the earlier period to the ones of today, they all take 'Evidence of Reason' to mean qiyas (analogy) anyway. Let me first deal with the Holy Qur'an and hadiths.

As far as the Holy Quran is concerned, RasoolAllah (Saw) did not leave it for us on its own but provided its explainers with it, and made it obligatory on all of us to hold on to BOTH of them. This is because the Holy Quran cannot be understood without guidance from Ahlul Bayt (asws) and it is Their explanations that we will be in need of on the day of judgement. Masoomeen (asws) have stated that the Holy Quran has seven zahir (apparent) meanings and seven batin (hidden) ones. In another hadith the number is seventy, and that only a Masoom is aware of all of these meanings. It therefore means

that hadiths have to be depended upon if the Holy Quran is to be understood. I am sure there is not a single person amongst the Shia that will ever agree with the statement 'The Book of Allah is sufficient for us' regardless of how weak his beliefs may be or his lack of knowledge.

It is now clear the Holy Quran cannot be understood at all without the help of Masoomeen (asws) because Allah states in His Book that 'We have made our chosen ones to be the inheritors of this Book'. (Not anyone and everyone). Therefore it is the hadiths of Masoomeen (asws) around which the whole of the religion rotates. Therefore, before going further into our discussion, I will address the matter of hadiths so that the readers of the Holy Quran can realize what the actual source of the religion is.

## Importance of Hadiths

1.The great translator of AL Kafi, Allamah Zafar Hassan has written under the heading KUTUB E ARBA AUR HUM (The Four Books and Us): 'Since RasoolAllah (saw) placed Ahlul Bayt (asws) alongside the Holy Qur'an it therefore becomes obligatory for the Shia to keep the hadiths of Masoomeen (asws) in their homes just as they do the Holy Quran. Do you think Masoomeen (asws) would be pleased with this action of ours whereby we have kept the hadiths sacrificed at the altar of delusion, and never tried to find out what treasures have been bestowed upon us by Masoomeen (asws)?

2.Allamah Muhammad Hassan further states in his introduction to Al Kafi a tradition, which itself forms part of Al Kafi; Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) narrates, 'You must write down Hadith and spread your knowledge among your brethren. If you die your children will inherit your books. A time will come when people will face chaos and they will find no comfort except in their books.'"

(AL KAFI - H 149, Ch. 17, h11)

3.For this purpose the words of Allamah Majlisi in his compilation of Bihar Ul Anwaar are: 'I have never come across anything, the crux of which is not to be found in hadiths'.

4.He further states "The companions of Masoomeen (asws) always gave great importance to collecting and preserving the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) because this is what Masoomeen (asws) Themselves taught Their companions to do".

5.Sama'a ibn Mihran narrates, "Once I said to Imam Musa Kazim (asws), 'May I sacrifice myself for You, did RasoolAllah (saw) bring everything that people needed?' The Imam (asws) said, 'Yes, and all that they will need up to the Day of Judgment.' I then said, 'Is anything lost from it?' The Imam (asws) replied, 'No, it is with those to whom it belongs, Ahlul Bayt (asws).'"

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql chapter 21 hadith 6)

6.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) narrates, 'For every issue disputed between two people there is a solution for it in the book of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, however, due to man's level of intellect, he is unable to find it.'"

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql chapter 21 hadith 6)

7.Imam Musa Kazim (asws) narrates, " Everything is in the book of Allah and the hadiths of RasoolAllah (saw)".

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql chapter 21 hadith 10)

8.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) narrates, "There are three types of people. One are those who have the marifat of Aimmah (asws). The second are those who accept all things that come from Aimmah (asws). The third are those who avoid all things which come from Aimmah (asws) and dispute with Them."

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Hujjat chapter 64 hadith1)

9." _And if your Lord had pleased He would certainly have made people a single nation, and they shall continue to differ.Except those on whom your Lord has mercy; and for this did He create them; and the word of your Lord is fulfilled: Certainly I will fill hell with the jinn and the men, all together." (11:118-119)_

abu 'Ubayda al-Hadhdha' narrates: "Once I asked Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws), about the capability and the words of people. The Imam (asws) recited this verse of the Holy Quran: '. . . they still have different beliefs (11:118) except those upon whom Allah has granted His mercy. For this reason He has created them. . . .' (11:119) 'O abu 'Ubayda, people face differences in search for truth and all of them will be destroyed,' 'I (the narrator) then asked, "What about the words of Allah: '. . . except those who receive mercy from yourLord. . . .?'" (11:119) 'The Imam (asws) said, "Such people are Our followers whom He has created for His mercy. '. . . For this reason He has created them. . . .'" (11:119) '[He (Allah) has said that they are created to obey the Imam of 'Blessings' that He has mentioned in His words]: ". . . My mercy and blessings have encompassed all things. . . ." (7:156) [Such 'Blessing' is the knowledge of Imam (asws). The knowledge of 'A'immah Masoomeen (asws) is from His knowledge, which has encompassed all things. They (all things) stand for our Shi'a, followers]. '[Then He has said], ". . . I shall grant mercy to those who maintain piety [do not acknowledge the authority of and obedience to those who are not of 'A'immah] . . ." (7:156)

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Hujjat, chapter 107, hadith 83)

10.Imam Ali (a.s.) has said: 'When a person, comes across a difficult problem he does not understand, he should refer the matter to Us. Anyone who praised the Lord for the bounties received, and asked for forgiveness for his sins, befriended obedient servants of the Lord and praised them, and hated the rebellious people and thought them to be bad, this would suffice for his salvation if he were to refer the matter back to us'.

(Kitab Suleym Bin Qays Hilali)

Honorable readers, are all these statements of Masoomeen (asws) not sufficient? I presented seven traditions even though only one statement of a Masoom (asws) is sufficient. Now I am able to state that the religion is complete and all matters to the Day of Judgment are to be found therein. Allah did not abandon us with any normal person but made us to rely upon Masoomeen (asws) so that the believers can be distinguished from the hypocrites.

Therefore the burden of religious obligations upon us has been restricted to those orders which have come to us from Masoomeen (asws) and no more. Any matter for which an instruction has not been received by us from Masoomeen (asws), it is not obligatory for us to act upon it. It then follows that we should refrain from acting upon such a matter.

Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) narrates, _"Refraining from speaking when you are uncertain is better than delving into a destructive situation. Not narrating a hadith is better than narrating one that you have not verified."_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitabul Aql, chapter 17, hadith 9)

## Fitna of Refusing Hadiths

For those who peddle qiyas (analogy) as a business, the biggest stumbling block was the Hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws). This is because in the face of clear hadiths of Masoomeen (asws) it was not possible for them to call people towards them and collect their wealth. It therefore became imperative for them to escape from the hadiths.

Two groups came into being as a result of this. One group completely rejected the Hadeeth by claiming that the 'Book of Allah is sufficient for us'. It is another matter that this group actually never claimed to have the knowledge of the Holy Qur'an nor did it ever give any decision based on it. Whatever decisions made were either on the basis of Hadeeth or personal opinions or by consultations. This faction has always been present in every time period and is still present today. This group refers to itself as the 'Ahl E Qur'an' (The party of the Qur'an). In Pakistan their group leader was Mullah Pervaiz who used to publish a magazine called 'Tuloo Islam'.

The other group was one which did not have the courage to openly reject Hadeeth, but did not have any advantage in acting according to Hadeeth either. This group then further divided into two subgroups. The first one began creating false Hadeeth. They would issue their false hadiths whenever they could not find anything to suit their agendas. The Banu Abbas did not lag behind with regard to this. In their time period, a lot of Hadeeth were manufactured in favour of the 'Uncle' of RasoolAllah (saw), Abbas and his progeny. (In reality Abbas was not the son of Abd Ul Muttalib (as) but was his slave. He became known as Abdul Muttalib (as)'s son simply because he was raised by Abdul Muttalib (as). There are two records of the will of Hazrat Abd Ul Muttalib (as) in which Abbas and his mother have been mentioned as having been given to Abu Talib (as) – {The History of Islam by Allamah Muhammad Bashir Ansari).

Even in those dark ages, there was one place from where the true and correct Hadeeth of RasoolAllah (saw) used to be propagated. There were strict orders for these Hadeeth to be preserved in writing and to be passed on till the Day of Judgment. These were the Ahlul Bayt (asws) who, away from the crowd and political upheavals, were propagating the knowledge thus ensuring the survival of the true religion till the Day of Judgment. However, those who were attempting to establish their own authority were greatly affected by the efforts of Masoomeen (asws) and did everything they could to stop Masoomeen (asws) from passing on Their knowledge.

The second sub group then arose which started to make up its own rules in order to cast doubt on Hadeeths of Masoomeen (asws). They named this skill as 'Ilm Ul Rijaal' (Knowledge of Narrators). They based the health of the Hadeeth on the person of the narrator. This was the invention of the Sunnis, and the first one to write a book on this was Abu Mansoor.

If you were to take a closer look at the history of the lives of Masoomeen (asws),which is spread over a period of approximately three hundred and fifty years, you will realize that there was only one purpose in Their life and that purpose was the preservation of religion and propagation of knowledge. If a careful study of the Islamic books is made, especially books like 'Superman in Islam' (This book has been written by twenty five scholars from different parts of the world, two of which are Muslim. In this book they have discussed in detail the different kinds of knowledge that was propagated by Imam Ja'far Al Sadiq (asws.). I recommend all Momineen read this book. Then you will come to know that there is no knowledge which was not taught by Masoomeen (asws). They taught religious knowledge, as well as astronomy, chemistry and medicine. The point to ponder over is, if 'Usool Fiqh' (Principles of Jurisprudence) and 'Ilm Ul Rijaal' (Knowledge of the narrators) were necessary, they would have certainly taught it to Their companions and students. You can read through the entire Islamic literature and see for yourself, you will not find anywhere the teaching of Masoomeen (asws) on these subjects. Forget about teaching of these subjects, you will not even find it in any of their sayings and statements. This then means that these two subjects have nothing to do with the religion of Ahlul Bayt (asws). These are inventions of the Sunnis which have been introduced into the religion of Ahlul Bayt (asws).

## Ilm ul Rajal (Knowledge of Narrators)

Let us now look at how the people during the time of Imams (asws) determined the authenticity of hadiths. In his introduction to the translation of Usool e Kafi, the king of theologians, the president of Narrators, Allamah Muhammad Hassan, A Mujtahid, of 'Dar Ul Uloom' of Sarghoda, has written : 'Every 'News' (Hadeeth) has two possibilities – either it is narrated frequently (mutawaatir) or only once (wahid). Hadeeth which has been related from more than one source in such a way that it cannot be doubted, it would be a Mutawaatir one, otherwise it would have to be classified as a Wahid (solitary)'.

Now, during the time of Imams (asws) the people classified these solitary hadeeth into two categories – correct or incorrect. All such hadeeth which could be supported by additional factors, either within it or in other Hadeeth were considered to be correct whereas for those ones which could not be found to be compatible with the Holy Quran, they would consider them to be incorrect.

From this we get the following clarifications:

1.Hadeeth are of two types – Frequently narrated ones or solitary ones. (Since the quantity of the frequently reported Hadeeth is so low that they can virtually be counted on our fingers, it follows that most of our religious commands therefore will have to be extracted from the solitary ones).

2.According to the people of the era of the Imam (asws) hadeeth were only of two types – correct or incorrect.

3.Because the people of earlier era lived very close to the times of the Imams (asws), they had supportive factors in determining the reliability of a Hadeeth.

4.These earlier people used to refer to the Holy Quran in order to ascertain the Hadeeth. Those hadiths that agreed with Quran were considered as correct and those that went against the words of Quran were considered as incorrect.

These were the principles employed by the people of the earlier times in order to determine if a hadith was correct or incorrect. However, the people who lived in the later times abandoned these principles and started using the method of "ilm ul rajal" (knowledge of narrators) which was invented by Sunnis.

RasoolAllah (saw) never told anyone to invent their own knowledge in order to understand His statements. In order to probe the above, I once again refer to the same introduction to Usool e Kafi and see the types of hadeeth which are given there: -

**SAHIH** – Where the chain of narrators end at a Masoom (asws) and all its narrators are Shia and Just.

**HASAN** – Where the chain of narrators end at a Masoom (asws) and all its narrators are Shia but it is not known whether they were Just.

**QAWEE** –Where all the narrators are Shia but there is no information available as to their trustworthiness.

**MO'THIQ** – Where all the narrators are trustworthy but they possess incorrect beliefs.

**ZAEEF** – Where the above conditions are not met.

As you have seen from above, according to these people the one and only criteria for Hadeeth is to do with their narrators and NOT with its content.

"O you who believe! if an evil-doer comes to you with a report, look carefully into it, lest you harm a people in ignorance, then be sorry for what you have done." (49:6)

Allah has commanded us in the above verse that if an evil doer comes to you with a report then investigate the report in order to verify it. But what these people have done is to ignore the report and started investigating the reporter. Who his ancestors were and which tribe he belonged to etc. Or have these people decided that any person who is known to speak the truth will never lie and that a known liar will never ever speak the truth? Or are they saying that we should close our eyes and accept everything that is reported by one who normally speaks the truth and reject everything from one who normally tells lies without considering whether the report has any truth in it or not? Did you notice that in the categorization of Hadeeth, being a Shia is a precondition for it? This means that if we were to depend upon Ilm Ul Rijaal then we would have no option but to reject hundreds of Hadeeth written in Sunni books which are in praise of Ahlul Bayt (asws). This is what happens when you begin to adopt the ways of the enemies of Masoomeen (asws). Now let us see what Masoomeen (asws) have to say about this.

1.The famous Hadeeth of RasoolAllah (saw) states that: 'If you com eacross any narration attributed to me and it is in accordance with the Holy Quran the accept it, otherwise fling it at the wall (reject it)'.

2.Imam Ali (asws) has said: 'Do not see who is saying it, rather look at what is being said'.

3.Imam Ali (asws) said in Nahj Ul Balagah : ' _Acquire wisdom and truth from whomever you can because even a hypocrite can have them but unless they are passed over to a faithful Muslim and become part of wisdom and truth that he possesses, they have a confused existence in the minds of hypocrites'_ – **Saying 79**

4.Imam Ali (asws) said in Nahj Ul Balagah: ' _Knowledge and wisdom are really the privilege of a faithful Muslim. If you have lost them, get them back even though you may have to get them from the hypocrites_ – **Saying No. 80.**

5 _."Never reject a hadeeth, regardless of being narrated by a khariji , qudri ,or marji attributed to Us , may be it has some truth in it which you may not have grasped"_

From the above statements of Masoomeen (asws) it becomes very clear. Anyone who begins investigating into the narrators instead of looking at what is being said is completely going against the sayings of Masoomeen (asws). Not only are these so called scholars acting upon this but they have directed the whole community towards this. Because Shia took ijtihad from the Sunnis, they also had to take ilm ul rajal as well so they could cast doubts and suspicions on any sayings of Masoomeen (asws) that contradicted with their own agendas. In this way, they would become free to issue whatever fatwas they pleased and any hadiths that opposed or contradicted their actions, they simply declared the narrators as unreliable and discarded the hadiths.

Allamah Bakhshashi has quoted the Mujtahid Sheykh Tusi in his book he uncovers the secrets of the Mujtahids and complains that these Mujtahids have totally abandoned the Hadeeth and are only depending on their qiyas (analogies) and opinions to issue Fatwas (verdicts). Sheykh Tusi has been quoted as saying : 'I have been trying for quite some time now to write a book on Jurisprudence in which I should give those principles of Furoo without the use of qiyas (analogies) and personal opinion but instead base them on the Hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws). However, my personal circumstances did not permit me to do so. My enthusiasm was weakened greatly by the attitude of my group of Mujtahids who hardly pay any attention to this'. In this way, in the book Rowzat Ul Jannat, Allamah Khownsari Mujtahid shows how little Sheykh Murtadha used to believe in the Hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws). He writes, ''Sheykh Murtadha was a Mujtahid and only used to apply Jurisprudence. He used to have very little concern with the Hadeeth and did not base his decisions on these. This is not hidden from those who read the books of Allamah Murtadha. He is well known for his statements that 'these Hadeeth are solitary ones and therefore cannot be relied upon to get sure knowledge'. In this his actions were the same as Ibn Idrees''.

Syed Murtadha Alam Ul Huda is the leader of the Mujtahids, and is the elder brother of Syed Razi who has done a huge favour upon not only the Shias but for the whole Islamic world by compiling Nahj Ul Balagah. It is well know that Syed Razi never used to recite Namaaz behind his elder brother as he was aware of his double faced approach.

Now that a glimpse of the true nature of mujtahideen has been presented to you, let us share with you a saying of Imam Baqir (asws). This saying is from Usool e Kafi Kitabul Iman o Kufr; "Amongst My companions , he is my favorite who is the most intellectual, and looks after Our ahadeeth well ; and his case is the worst who hears a hadeeth narrated and attributed to Us and finds it not as per his liking, and thus dislikes it and rejects it and declares those who are acting as per that hadeeth disbelievers , despite the fact that he does not know that We have narrated that and given it authentication, just because of this action of his in which he rejects Our hadeeth , he is out of Our wilayat"

Now that you have seen that these people have been thrown out from Wilayah, meaning Shiaism, by the Imam (asws), and this is why the words of the author of Al Risala deserve to be written down in golden letters.

If the Mujtahids can place a thousand conditions before they accept the statements of Masoomeen (asws), then why should we not present two thousand conditions before we accept their statements based on their qiyas (analogies)?' The race to present the Hadeeth to be doubtful began with the inception of Ijtihad, and since then all the Mujtahids have been fighting each other in order to participate in this 'good deed'. In this day and age, this plague is at its peak. By way of example I present to you an excerpt from Agha Khomeini's book 'Hukumat e Ilsami Ya WIlayat e Faqih' (Islamic Government Or Mastership Of The Jurist) where he says :

"Anyhow, the Imams (asws) went through such difficult circumstances that the knowledge that They had taken from RasoolAllah (saw) could not be delivered by Them to the people in a collective form, e.g. in the form of a book'.

It may be that after reading the above statement you feel like kissing it and touch your eyes with it. Once you have done this you should read it again and when the statement begins to sink in then ponder over the next statement from the same page of that book.

'The heaps of praise and honour that has been awarded to the scholars and the Jurist is for the reason that they managed to spread the religious Commands and introduced the Sunnah of RasoolAllah (saw) to the people'.

Four points come out of these statements:

1.Masoomeen (asws) failed to convey the Commands of Allah and RasoolAllah (saw) to the people.

2.These Divine Commands did not reach to the people in the form of a book.

3.Despite the Divine Commands not reaching the people, the narrations in the praise of the scholars did reach them. (Please note that the 'narration' that has been referred to by him is a solitary one and has been termed as 'weak', but he considers it to be reliable. If you wish to praise Agha Khomeini for this then do so but there is no one who will be able to declare a solitary narration as a reliable one as has been explained before in this chapter.

4.Because the Holy Imams (asws) (maazAllah) failed to convey the religious,Commands to the people, Allah placed this responsibility upon the Mujtahids so that they can manufacture these commands by use of their own qiyas (analogies) and give them to the people.

Now what do I say. Any person who even has an inkling of understanding of religion will realize the enormity of the accusation that has been leveled against Masoomeen (asws).Whatever the reason may have been, the claim is that Masoomeen (asws) (maazAllah) failed to perform Their duty. The rest of the Prophets (a.s.) however, including RasoolAllah (saw), faced various kind of sufferings, such as stoning, exiles, imprisonment, even to the point of death, but they did not leave any stone unturned in the propagation of their Message. But our Imams (asws) were such that (maazAllah) They did not perform their duties due to fear of Their lives and took Their knowledge with Them when They left this world. This accusation is a challenge to the honourable Shia. Anyone who wants to accept these accusations as correct should understand that his name will be counted amongst the enemies of the Ahl Ul Bayt (asws) even if by name he is Shia.

Now let us analyse this acusation and see how much truth there is in it and what the motives behind it are behind. When you survey all the religions of this world and especially that of Masoomeen (asws), then you will see that what the Shia have received from their Imams (asws) far exceeds that which has been received by all the Imams of the others. As far as knowledge in the book form is concerned, the Kitab Suleym Bin Qais Hilali was written at the time of Moula Ali (asws) and was available in the form of a book. Imam Ali (asws) Ibn Husain (asws)'s book Sahifa E Kamila, which is a treasure chest of knowledge is available even today in book form. Various sermons of the Imam Hasan (asws.) and Imam Husain (asws) are present with us today. People are also aware that numerous statements of Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) are to be found in our 'Four Books' and others. In the time of Imam Ja'far Sadiq (asws) four hundred books were preserved, four thousand students used to sit with him and they used to bring their papers and pens to write down what was taught to them. then they used to return back to their localities and propagate that knowledge.

Even today there are so many narrations present in the 'Four Books' that they exceed the number of narrations to be found in other books. On top of all these there are thousands of other books in which the statements of Masoomeen (asws) are to be found. For anyone to believe such an accusation against Masoomeen (asws) their heart as well as their eyes must be blind. What kind of atrocity is this that all these narrations have now been declared to be doubtful in order to justify their fatwas based on their own qiyas (analogies)? Are they trying to prove that all the Shia literature is false and therefore unreliable?

And if they are saying that Masoomeen (asws) Themselves did not write any books then we are in agreement with this. Hujjahtullah (Proof of Allah) do not write and construct their own books. From Adam (a.s.) to RasoolAllah up to the Imam e Zamana (atfs) not one of Them has ever written His own book. I seek refuge from those people who throw accusations at the Proofs of Allah the inheritors of the Holy Quran, of not constructing and writing Their own books, and also from those people who agree with these accusations. I swear upon Allah that the Family of RasoolAllah (saw) was oppressed before and still is being oppressed today. Those before usurped Their caliphate and these marjas today are at the doors of their Wilayah and Imamate. Masoomeen (asws) (maazAllah) failed in Their duties to convey the Divine Commands, and this is why now in this fourteenth Century Hijra it has been left to these Mujtahids to perform this 'good deed' and succeed in it, and they are the true representatives of RasoolAllah (saw).

I think enough discussion has taken place over this issue for it to suffice for men of understanding. So far I have discussed the first two sources of Ijtihad i.e. the Holy Quran and Hadeeth. Now I shall turn my attention to the other two, Ijma (Consensus) and Qiyas (analogy). But first we must discuss what is Zan (Presumption). As you have seen before in the description of Ijtihad that this is 'the maximum efforts of a jurist to enable him to get the presumption of a Sharia law' , let us now see what this 'presumption' actually is, and what Masoomeen (asws) have said about this.

## Zan (Presumption)

There is a word called 'Shoba' (Uncertainty) from which we get 'Shabeeh' (Replica). This is used when a duplicate copy is made and it becomes difficult to distinguish between it and the original. The basis of conjecture is the same. For example, if you were to come across a shiny piece of glass and you think 'In my view this is a piece of diamond'. Now, this piece of glass will not turn into a diamond simply because of your conjecture regardless of whether or not you put it in your jewellry box for safekeeping. In the same way the Mujtahid looks at two similar problems and conjectures that the same Command is applicable to both of them. This methodology is known as Zan (presumption). It is nothing more than just another type of analogy (Qiyas). Now let us see what the Holy Quran and the Masoomeen (asws) have to say about this. Over here I will only refer to one Quranic ayah and two Hadeeth, and I will leave the rest for the discussion on Qiyas (analogy).

" _And most of them do not follow (anything) but conjecture; surely conjecture will not avail aught against the truth; surely Allah is cognizant of what they do."(10:36)_

Allah has stated that in the search for truth, conjecture is of no use. It therefore follows that any commands that are issued based on conjectured cannot possibly have anything to with truth.

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said regarding the words of Allah in the Holy Quran, ' _The idol worshippers, the idols, the rebellious ones (26:94) and the army of Satan will all be thrown headlong into hell,' (26:95) has said, 'They are the people who speak about justice a great deal but in their own practice they disregard it altogether.'"_

(AL KAFI - H 123, Ch. 15, h4)

Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) said : _"when Our narrations are presented to you people , their hearts wish to be at a distance from them because there is no following of presumptions in that , so who accept them , narrate more for them , and who do not , leave them as there is test in it for those so that the truth gets separated from lies and after this separation, we get the result which is We and Our shia"_

(Usool e Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 82 hadith 5)

From the above verse and Hadeeth a few points come to one's mind.

1.Truth can never be obtained by the usage of conjecture. Those that use this method cannot be certain about their own beliefs or actions. This kind of person should evaluate his own position.

2.Those who follow conjecture will be flung headlong into Hell.

3.Those who follow conjecture stay away from the Imams (asws) only for the reason that there is no conjecture there and that the Imams (asws) have excluded them from being Shia.

Let us now look at one more word called 'Istambaat'. There are a great many debates regarding this method in the world of ijtihad.Basically, as far as the scholar is concerned, it means the statement that he gives is based on his own opinion, logic, and rationalizations.

"And when there comes to them news of security or fear they spread it abroad; and if they had referred it to the Messenger and to those in authority among them, those among them who can search out the knowledge of it would have known it, and were it not for the grace of Allah upon you and His mercy, you would have certainly followed the Shaitan save a few." (4:83)

Now look at the explanation of this verse according to Masoomeen (asws).

1.In Tafseer Saafi it is reported that Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws.) has explained that "to those in authority among them, those among them who can search out the knowledge" here are Masoomeen (asws)

2.In Tafseer Ayyashi it is reported that Imam Ali Reza (asws) has explained that "to those in authority among them, those among them who can search out the knowledge " are Masoomeen (asws) as they extract knowledge from the Quran and they are the Proof of Allah over the people.

3.In Akmal ul Deen of Sheykh Saduq, it is narrated from Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) that: Whosoever regarded the people who do Istimbaat (search out the knowledge) to be those who are other that the Prophets (a.s.) and their Households, has gone against the Commands of Allah and regarded the ignorant as their Olil Amr (absolute master), and those devoid of guidance to be their guides, and conjecture that these are the one who do Istambaat (search out the knowledge). They thus forged lies about Allah and strayed away from the Commands of Allah and did not stay where Allah had placed His Grace. The result was that they went astray and led their followers astray as well. On the day of judgement, in front of Allah no excuse will be of any use to them."

We get the following results from the above commentaries.

1.The only ones who have the right to Istambaat (search out the knowledge by way of logic and reason) are Masoomeen (asws) as they know the Desires of Allah and in fact are His Desires themselves (a.s.).

2.Masoomeen (asws) are aware of the prohibited and the allowed (Halal and Haraam).

3.Those who give the right of Istambaat (to search out knowledge by logic and reason) to anyone other than Masoomeen (asws) are disobedient to Allah ignorant, false pretender to be the Olil Amr and a forger of lies against Allah

4.Such a person has himself gone astray as well as those that follow him.

5.These people can do what they want in this world and entrap whosoever they want in the web of Istambaat but on the Day of Judgment their void evidence will not avail them at all.

After reading the above, does is not surprise you that the Mujtahids actually use the above Verse in order to prove their Ijtihad? Strange, very strange! I would request you to read Allmah Haeri's book 'RISALAT UL TANQEED FIL ASBAAT IKTIHAD O TAQLEED', which would be sufficient proof of this debate for those who possess even a little bit of understanding. Let us now come to the third source of law of Ijtihad – Ijma (Consensus).

## IJMA (Consensus)

Ijma stands for the consensus of a group of people on a certain issue. First of all you should know that Ijma is done by people of different thinking and therefore cannot have anything to do with Masoomeen (asws) nor with the truth. This is because neither is there any difference of thought between Masoomeen (asws) nor are there difference types of truth. So, in the first step it has been proven that Ijma has nothing to do with Allah or Masoomeen (asws) This word has never been used in the Holy Quran or Hadeeth in order to prove anything. This principle has also been brought in from the enemies of Masoomeen (asws) in order to facilitate personal gain. Ijma is that weapon which was first used to usurp the rights of the Family of RasoolAllah (saw). It was on the strength of Ijma that Jalal U Din Suyuti had the audacity to write in his book 'Tareekh Ul Khulafa' (History of the Caliphs) :

'Yazeed was the rightful Caliph because there was Ijma of the Muslims on this, and Hussain (Asws) was not a Caliph because there was no Ijma on this'.

And when this weapon came into the hands of the Mujtahids, they used it against Divine Commands and in favour of their analogical verdicts and false commands. What people do not realize is in reality the so called scholars who use this method have placed their own opinions above those of Allah and RasoolAllah (saw). If a ijma (consensus) comes to an agreement regarding a certain matter, then that fatwa will be accepted as truth regardless of whether or not it contradicts with the orders of Allah and RasoolAllah (saw). This reached such a stage that a non Muslim writer commented that : 'Ijma is such aweapon in the hands of the Muslims that in front of it even their God and Prophet are seemed to be helpless'.

And now if a person who is blind of intellect were to say that Ijma is not for beliefs but only for actions (Furoo). Then one can only grive after hearing such words because it is from the roots (beliefs) that the branches (actions) grow.. How is it possible for dates to grow from an apple tree? Those of you who have been fortunate enough to have the desire for reading religious books or those elders among you who have been listening to great speakers since childhood will bear witness that not only Shia scholars but the Shia sect itself has always opposed Ijma and presented thousands of proofs against it.

Over here I would only give you one proof which the speakers of these days tend to relate. Even Allamah Talib Jowhari himself presented this proof from the pulpit in Nishtar Park. This is such a proof that no intellect can reject it. It is an eternal law that an incomplete cannot create a complete. For example if a hundred thousand blind people get together, their whole group would still be blind. It is not possible that a gathering of a hundred thousand blind people would result in all of them being able to see. In this way if a million zeroes were to be placed together then their total would still be zero. Based on this principle the consensus of non masoom would still be fallible. For those who are prone to errors, and delusions, and desires of the self were all to get together and agree upon something then they would still not be free from these deficiencies. This can neither be a proof nor can it be reliable enough to be acted upon.

As for their claim that a Masoom (asws) is part of their consensus then this has already been refuted before. Even if I were to agree with them for a while that a Masoom (asws) (maazAllah) is part of their consensus then surely, whenever there are differences between them the Imam (asws) would be rectifying their errors and removing their differences, and it would become obligatory for them to submit to His decision. In this way the decision would be the decision of the Masoom Imam (asws) and not a result of their consensus. I do not want to waste your time by writing more about this. But, I would definitely like to invite you to think over this question. After all, what is the reason behind the inclusion of this principle of Ijma, which is an enemy of the Shia religion and taken from the enemies of Masoomeen (asws) and put into the principles of Jurisprudence?

## A Clear Example of the Diastrous Effects of Ijma (consensus)

I hereby present to you a small example of the disastrous results of the use of Ijma and how it is being used as a weapon to contradict the statements of Masoomeen (asws). The discussion of the inclusion of the third testimony (Ali Ul Wali Ulllah) in Adhan, Iqamah and Tashahhud of Namaaz will be discussed later on in the chapter of 'Opposing Masoomeen (asws). There I will include a Hadeeth from Ihtijaj Tabarsi which has been narrated from Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) that : 'Whenever any one of you says 'La Ilaha Illa Allah and Muhamma Un Rasool Ulllah, he should straight away say 'Ali Un Ameerul Mo'mineen'. This is such a strong and correct Haddeeth of Masoom (asws) that no Mujtahid has ever had the courage to oppose it in any way whatsoever. And so scholars of repute have given this Hadeeth a place in their writings, but because of due Ijma they have to contradict this

Hadeeth even though they agree to its authenticity. In his book 'Shahada e Salisa' (Third Testimony) Allamah Muhammad Hussain Sabiqi under the heading 'It is only the consensus of the scholars which does not declare 'Ali Un Wali Ullah' as part of the Adhan, writes that : 'What is the proof of those Mujtahids who have refrained from declaring the third testimony as part of the Adhan'. For this I would like to present the statements of Ayatullah Muhammad Hassan from his book 'Al Jawahir Ul Kalaam', which is a very dependable explanation of the Sharia of Islam and forms part of the course of Ijtihad, says: 'There is no harm if we read it (the third testimony) as part of the Adhan so that the Hadeeth of Al Ihtijaj Tabarsi can be acted upon'. If the consensus of the Shia scholars had not been on it not being part of it from the beginning, then its declaration to be part of it would have been possible.

He then goes on to say that: 'The writer of Al Jawahir's claim is not without strength, but since the scholars have Ijma on this non inclusion therefore he could not give a Fatwa on this'. (Sirr Ul Emaan, Page 34).

In the discussion of these above verdicts, Allamah Sabiqi states that: 'It is clear from the statement of the writer of 'Al Jawahir' that based upon the evidence and the Hadeeth and proofs, the third testimony is part of the Adhan, but since the scholars have consensus about its non inclusion, and this has to be respected, then he refrained from issuing such a Fatwa. If Ijma were to be ignored then its inclusion in Adhan is clear'.

Did you see how the Hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws) was totally disregarded at the doorstep of ijma (consensus)? I seek refuge with Allah from this Ijma which is an enemy of Masoomeen (asws). I have already discussed the Holy Quran, Hadeeth, and Ijma. Now let us come to that which is the foundation of the principles of Jurisprudence. If you take a closer look you will see that both the Sunnis and the Shia have utilized the first three principles just to keep the people occupied. The reality is that the business of Ijtihad is wholly run on the basis of qiyas (analogy). This is why asking for proof from a Mujtahid has been regarded as an unpardonable offence. As soon as you ask for proof you will be thrown out of his Marjaiat. O servant of Allah, if you are giving Fatwas based on the Holy Quran and Hadeeth, then why are you refusing to give your references? Are all the Shia just donkeys and idiots that they will not be able to comprehend your proofs? The problem here is that, what proof can there be for qiyas (analogy)? And if the asking of questions and the provision of answers becomes required, then their whole Marjaiaat will be in danger. That is why they have made it obligatory to accept their fatwas without question and closed the doors of asking for proofs.

# Sixth Chapter Qiyas (Analogy)

In religion the meaning of Qiyas is the application of a command in one matter to another matter based on a common ground. This then demands that the order should be the same for the two matters. (Commentary of Sahifa Kamila by Mufti Ja'far Husayn).

You may now be getting tired of all this technical discussions, let me therefore relate to you a light hearted story so that you can relax your mind a little. This is a well known story of Sheykh Chilli. One day, in the midst of the summer heat, he decided to do some gardening. So he went to get his gardening tool which had become quite hot due to the summer heat. When he grabbed hold of his gardening tool, it burned his hand. So he asked someone to take a look at the gardening tool and see what the problem was. They said jokingly: 'Your gardening tool has got high fever. The solution is to tie a rope round it and immerse it into the water well so that its fever can come down'. So Sheykh Chilli followed the instructions and lo, the tool cooled down. By coincidence, after a few days his mother fell ill with high fever. So Sheykh Chilli then started thinking that surely there is a similarity here between the two cases. Therefore the way he rid his gardening tool of its fever should also rid his mother of her fever. He then tied a rope around his mother's neck and flung her into the water well.

After a few dips when he took her out, the fever was gone, but then so was his mother. I don't think Sheykh Chilli should be totally blamed for doing what he did as his error can be classified as an 'error of Ijtihad'.

### Kinds of Qiyas

RasoolAllah (saw) said: 'Every innovation is a sin and the punishment of every innovator is Hell'.

When our elder brothers (Sunnis) looked at this Hadeeth they thought: 'We are in trouble. Now where are we going to place innovations like the forbidding of Mutah, Nabeedh, As Salaat Khairun Min An Nawm etc.' Now, their Mujtahids were not going to be left behind anyone, so they put on their inventor's garb and divided Innovation into two types, good and bad. And so they classified the above innovations as good innovations as the one who issued this order was also a 'good' person. However, RasoolAllah (saw) had forbidden innovations in its entirety and not only certain kinds of it. After seeing how effectively sunnis had sidestepped the orders of RasoolAllah (saw), shia scholars decided to use the same method. They ignored the orders of Masoomeen (asws) to stay away from bidah (innovations) and divided their qiyas (analogy) into three parts.

Mufti Jafar Husayn writes that there are three types of analogies:

1.Qiyas Mansus Ul Ala – RasoolAllah (saw) said that wine is forbidden because it is an intoxicant, it therefore means that every intoxicant is forbidden. (One Mujtahid actually made tobacco unlawful based on this type of analogy).

2. Qiyas Ba Tariq Ul Ala – Allah Has Said in the Holy Quran 'Do not say UFF to your parents', it therefore means that we should not harm them in the least.

3. Qiyas Mustanbat Ul Ala – When one uses his own logic and reasoning to derive an order based solely on one's opinion. This Qiyas is incorrect from the Shiite point of view.

Here I would like to say that to divide Qiyas into three types is in itself Qiyas, for there is no such division of it to be found in the statements of Masoomeen (asws) who actually forbid Qiyas in its entirety. This division was only done to confuse the simpleton shias in order for them to persue their own personal agendas. They concluded that if a Masoom (asws) gives a particular reason for something then this is the only reason for it. However, just because Masoomeen (asws) gave only one reason does not mean that is the only reason. Masoomeen (asws) spoke to each person based upon their level of intellect. Those with higher intellect were given different reasons than those with lower intellects.. So where did these people get the right to use analogies in matters of religion, the interpretation of which is the sole right of a Masoom Imam (asws). RasoolAllah (saw) said that wine is forbidden due to the fact that it is an intoxicant. However, the same way they use their qiyas (analogies) to make all intoxicants forbidden, one can easily use it to make wine become halal. I can introduce you to many people who after drinking bottle upon bottle of wine do not become intoxicated by it. Now using the qiyas of these so called scholars these people can claim that wine should be halal (lawful) because it does not cause them to be intoxicated and RasoolAllah (saw) only forbade those things which cause intoxication.

So who gave these people the audacity to make these claims? It was obviously the people who use Qiyas when they regarded the intoxication to be the only reason for its unlawfulness. They did not consider the fact that there could be numerous other reasons such as the effect it would have on their future generations etc.

Let me give you another example, In Islam, two witnesses are required for every crime to be proven, but for adultery four witnesses are required. Masoomeen (asws) explained that as for adultery the criminals are two in number, hence twice as many witnesses are required, whilst for other crimes only two are sufficient. So, now, if two people were to murder one person, then according to their Qiyas, would we need to call four witnesses?

For adultery, the reason given was that children would not become impure. If we were to take this reason as the only one, and then consider the case of a person who has had vasectomy done, then according to their rules of Qiyas adultery would be allowable for him as he cannot have children.

O servants of Allah! For the sake of Allah have mercy on this religion and do not make it a laughing stock.

## Ilal Sharia (Reasons for Laws)

They have named these types of analogies as Illul Shara'i (Reasons for Laws). This has now given them a free license to issue whatever Fatwa they feel like. (The example of the forbidding of Tobacco has been given before). On top of this they have made it obligatory for the people to listen to their Fatwas and act upon them without any question otherwise their deeds would be nullified. Let us now see what Allah and Masoomeen (Asws) have to say about this.

Fighting is enjoined on you, and it is an object of dislike to you; and it may be that you dislike a thing while it is good for you, and it may be that you love a thing while it is evil for you, and Allah knows, while you do not know. "(2:216)

In Tafseer Ul Muttaqeen we find regarding this ayah, "This verse proves that as far as Divine Ordinances and Commandments are concerned, people have no right to act upon their own opinions. Allah is the Creator of people and is fully Aware of their nature, and Knows that humans, due to their deficient knowledge, are not capable of differentiating what is good from what is bad, and what is profitable for him and what is not, because no matter how high a person's intellect might be, there is still a limit to it. Above this level, it is up to RasoolAllah (saw) Chosen by Allah to provide guidance for them.

Most divince commands tend to be of a very high level and only Allah knows them fully. Sometimes people tend to adopt certain reprimands thinking them to be for their benefit, and so Allah has not allowed them any right of interference in the divine ordinances.

" _Uthman bin Isa narrates, "Once I asked Imam Musa Kazim (asws) about the use of qiyas (analogy) and the Imam (asws) said, 'What do you have to do with qiyas (analogy)? Allah will not ask how it was made lawful or unlawful.'"_

(AL KAFI - H 172, Ch. 19, h16)

Now that you are aware of the foundations of Qiyas, let us now see what Allah and Masoomeen (asws) have to say about this. I am presenting to you nine Divine Verses and eighteen Hadeeth. Now it is up to you and your faith. Please remember mujtahids themselves state that ijtihad is only done in those cases where the orders are not clear. So with the help of qiyas and ijma (analogy and conjecture) they issue their own fatwa regarding that particular issue even though Allah is the one who knows the true reason why an order has been given.

" _O men! eat the lawful and good things out of what is in the earth, and do not follow the footsteps of the Shaitan; surely he is your open enemy." (2:168)_

" _He only enjoins you evil and indecency, and that you may speak against Allah what you do not know."(2:169)_

Speaking without knowing has been regarded by Allah as doing the Taqleed of Shaitan.

AL KAFI - H 96, Ch. 11, h2

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said, _"'Beware of two forms of behaviour. It is such behaviours that have led many people to their destruction. Beware of giving fatwa to people on the basis of your own opinion and of following a religion without knowledge.'"_

" _Surely We revealed the Taurat in which was guidance and light; with it the prophets who submitted themselves (to Allah) judged (matters) for those who were Jews, and the masters of Divine knowledge and the doctors, because they were required to guard (part) of the Book of Allah, and they were witnesses thereof; therefore fear not the people and fear Me, and do not take a small price for My communications; and whoever did not judge by what Allah revealed, those are they that are the unbelievers."(5:44)_

" _And We prescribed to them in it that life is for life, and eye for eye, and nose for nose, and ear for ear, and tooth for tooth, and (that there is) reprisal in wounds; but he who foregoes it, it shall be an expiation for him; and whoever did not judge by what Allah revealed, those are they that are the unjust."(5:45)_

" _And two of camels and two of cows. Say: Has He forbidden the two males or the two females or that which the wombs of the two females contain? Or were you witnesses when Allah enjoined you this? Who, then, is more unjust than he who forges a lie against Allah that he should lead astray men without knowledge? Surely Allah does not guide the unjust people."(6:144)_

" _And, for what your tongues describe, do not utter the lie, (saying) This is lawful and this is unlawful, in order to forge a lie against Allah; surely those who forge the lie against Allah shall not prosper."(16:116)_

" _A little enjoyment and they shall have a painful punishment." (16:117)_

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says regarding this (16:116) ayah of Allah," _If any person were to commit a sin, regardless of its nature, then he ends up being expelled from faith and only the word 'Islam' is left for him. But when he repents and is forgiven, then he comes back into faith and will not go to unbelief. But if anyone declares what is halal (lawful) as haram (forbidden) or vice versa based on his opinion, then as far as We are concerned he not only leaves the fold of faith but ceases to be a Muslim as well. He is a kafir and his example is of one who goes to the Kaaba and commits a disgraceful act and then comes out and is killed and ends up in Hell'._

From this ayah, one can see where those who issue fatwas based upon their own opinions will go.

" _But if they do not answer you, then know that they only follow their low desires; and who is more erring than he who follows his low desires without any guidance from Allah? Surely Allah does not guide the unjust people." (28:50)_

Imam Musa Kazim (asws) explains this ayah as refering to those who do not act in accordance with the orders of the Imam (asws) of his time but instead follows his own opinions and deems them to be religious commands.

" _And whoever turns himself away from the remembrance of the Beneficent Allah, We appoint for him a Shaitan, so he becomes his associate. And most surely they turn them away from the path, and they think that they are guided aright" (43:36-37)_

In Tafser Saafi it has been narrated from Moula Ali (asws) said, "Anyone who has decided upon the commission of a sin and turned away from the remembrance of Allah and has stopped learning religious Commands from the one whom Allah has ordered to learn from, then Allah appoints a Shaytan to become his associate'.

Let us summarise the conclusions that we get from the above verses so that we can then move on to the Hadeeth.

In the first verse Allah has regarded the one who speaks without knowledge as being in the Taqleed of Shaytan.

In the second and the third verse, those people that make decisions based on other than what has been revealed, have been declared as kafirs and unjust. This means not accepting the decisions made by Masoomeen (asws) and basing decisions on personal opinions and analogies. On the day of judgement a caller will cry out 'The curse of Allah (s.w.t.) be on the unjust'.

In the fourth verse 'Or were you witnesses when Allah enjoined you this?' proves that no one is in receipt of revelation and no one is inspired from Allah except Masoomeen (asws). Allah equates issuing fatwas based upon one's own qiyas (analogy) with forging lies about Allah and leading people astray.

The fifth and the sixth verse are quite clear that issuing fatwas based on personal opinion and qiyas about halal (lawful) and haram(forbidden) is like forging lies about Allah. One can only gain profit from this in this world, but in the hereafter nothing but a grievous punishment awaits them, and according to the words of Imam (asws), he has left the religion altogether and become kafir.

In the seventh verse, Allah clearly says those who do not act according to the orders of Imams (asws) and those who consider their own opinions as religion have gone totally astray, are unjust, and such a person cannot be guided. In the books of hadeeth there is a story about a man who used to incur losses in whatever business deal that he transacted, until he became bankrupt and dependent upon others. And so Shaitan appeared to him in human form and said to him; 'Shall I show you a way to become rich?' So he replied in the affirmative. Shaytan then advised 'Then go and invent a religion and invite people towards it. You will get both fame and fortune'. So he did exactly that. Soon a large group collected around him and he became their 'Marja' and was awash with wealth.One day he had a reflective thought: 'What have I done? For the sake of a few coins not only have I gone astray but have led others astray as well'. He was overcome with intense regret so much so that one day he tied himself to a wooden pole in the heat of the sun and decided that he would keep himself in this situation until such time as his Lord forgives him. Allah then said: 'Even if this person were to stay in that position until such time as his meat melts away and bones decay, I shall not forgive him until each and every person that he has led astray does not repent and asks for forgiveness'. That is why in this verse it is stated that such a person cannot be guided.

In the eighth ayah, Moula Ali (asws) explains how Allah appoints a shaitan to those who ignore the orders of Masoomeen (asws) and instead follow their own opinions.

The ninth verse explains the tasks the appointed shaitan carries out. First the shaitan stops him from 'Sabeel Allah' (The Path of Allah ). (Now this is not the time for an exposition otherwise I would prove with sufficient evidence that the meaning of 'Sabeel Allah' here refers to the Imams (asws).). This ayah refers to anyone who directs peoples' attention away from the orders of Masoomeen (asws) or anyone who hides the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) so that others are unable to know them.) The second task that the Shaytan carries out is that he keeps on whispering to him that he is on the right path of guidance depite the fact that Allah has already testified that he has strayed away from 'Sabeel Allah.

We have gone through the verses of the Holy Quran and the statements of Masoomeen (asws). The conclusions that have been derived from these have been explained to you clearly. It is now up to you to ponder over these. I hereby pray that you will think over these Verses and will not be entrapped by the one who is 'blind from the remembrance of Allah'.

## Fatwa

Let us now come to hadeeth and first of all see what Masoomeen (asws) have said about those that issue Fatwas.

1.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"'I wish to warn you about two forms of behavior that lead a man to destruction. I advise you to not propagate the religion through the use of batil (falsehood) and from giving fatwa (verdict) to people regarding matters which you have no knowledge."_

(AL KAFI – Kitab e Aql, Ch. 12 h1)

2.It has been narrated from Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), _"There will be people who will be ever ready to issue Fatwas and they will also make the claim that all questions should be referred to them even though they may not be able to explain a single word correctly. Allah does NOT befriend such self-made people'_. – AL KHISAL Page 86.

3.3.In the will of Ameerul Momineen (asws) it is written, " _Do not issue fatwas regarding those matters about which you have no knowledge."_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 64, hadith 6)

4.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, " _Beware of two forms of behaviour. It is such behaviours that have led many people to their destruction. Beware of giving fatwa to people on the basis of your own opinion and of following a religion without knowledge.'"_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Aql, chapter 12 hadith 2)

5.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says _, "The angels of mercy and the angels of wickedness condemn those who give to people fatwas without knowledge and guidance. Such people will be held responsible for the sins of all those who have followed such fatwas."_

(AL KAFI – Kitab e Aql chapter 12 hadith 3)

6.Please try to understand that the above Hadeeth does not mean that those who follow Fatwas are free from responsibility. One way of explaining this through the example of a man riding a horse but is carrying his own bag on his head whilst riding the horse. The horse is carrying both the weights but the man is still carrying his own. Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) has said: ' _Flee from issuing Fatwas like you flee from a lion and do not make the people sacrificial lambs for your responsibilities'_. – (Nahj min Balaghat Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) SAYING NO. 5.)

Please pay attention to the above Hadeeth, especially the last one and then derive the correct conclusion from them.

7.In the Sermon of Moula Ali (asws) titled as 'Kufr and its pillars and branches', he says: 'Kufr is based upon four things – Fasiq (Sinfulness),Ghaloo (Exaggeration), Shak (Doubt) and Shuba (Suspicious).

(Some people will be very happy after reading the world ghaloo. However, they must remember that the majority believe this word was created for Ahlul Bayt (asws) and anyone who describes the attributes of Ahlul Bayt (asws) is considered a ghali (one who exaggerates). I ask such people to wait a moment and read what Moula Ali (asws) says about this word, and how Moula (asws) defines this word.)

Fasiq (Sinfulness) has four branches:

1.Jafa -Giving low priority to Divine Commands.

2.Umi-Following conjecture. – Standing against the Creator and then Shaytan overcomes him.

3.Ghaflat- Negligence

4. Ato-Considering one's own opinion as better than Divine Commadments. He will be disgraced by Allah

**GHULOO (exaggeration)** – using one's own opinion in the matters of religion and showing enmity towards Masoomeen (asws).

**Shak (doubt)** – Quarrelling about the bounties of Allah (According to Masoomeen (asws) bounties here refers to the wilayat of Moula Ali (asws) This then means to quarrel about Wilayat and establishing one's own Wilayat.)

**Shuba (suspicious)** – To place a barrier between haq (truth) and batil (falsehood).

This is found in a similar hadeeth:

Ameerul Momineen Ali (asws) ibn Abi Talib (as) says, _"Kufr is established on four pillars: Fasiq (Sinfulness), Ghaloo (exaggeration), Shak (Doubt) and Shuba (Suspicion). Sinfulness has four branches: harshness of manners, blindness of heart, neglect, and arrogance. Whoever behaves in a harsh manner belittles the truth, hates the people of profound understanding and persists in great sins. Whoever becomes blind of heart forgets to remember (the truth), follows guesses, opposes his Creator and Satan turns bold toward him. He asks forgiveness without repenting, feeling humble and without being unaware of sin."_

(AL KAFI - H 2852, CH 163, h 1)

8.Narrator asked Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws), _"What are the rights of Allah upon the people?" Imam (asws) replied, "They must say what they know and abstain from saying anything that they have no knowledge of.'"_

(AL KAFI – Kitab e Aql chapter 12 hadith 3)

9.Muhammad ibn Hakeem narrates, _"Once I asked Imam Musa Kazim (asws), " 'May Allah keep my soul in your service, please make us Faqih (people of proper understanding in religion). Allah has granted us the blessing of Your existence among us and has made it so we are not dependent on others. This blessing is so great that even if a whole group of us may come to one place, no one needs to ask another a question nor does any one need to prepare an answer for it. However, we may come across an issue for which we have heard nothing from You or from Your ForeFathers. We then look into the best resources available and the closest to Your guidance. Can we take such a finding as an authority?'_

Imam (asws) replied "Absolutely never I swear by Allah, O ibn Hakeem, many people have been destroyed in it."

Imam (asws) then said, 'May Allah condemn abu Hanifa (la) who says, "Ali (asws) said so and so, therefore, I said so and so.'"

Muhammad ibn Hakim then said to Hisham ibn al-Hakam, 'By Allah, I only wanted the Imam (asws) to give us permission to use qiyas (analogy) in the matters of religion.'"

(AL KAFI – Kitab e Aql, chapter 20 hadith 9)

10.Narrator asked Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), _"We may face an issue about which there is nothing said in the book of Allah or in the Sunnah, tradition of RasoolAllah (saw) can we use our own opinion in such matters?' The Imam (asws) replied, 'No, you must not do that. If you, in this way, find the truth you will receive no rewards for it, and if you missed the truth you have forged lies against Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious.'"_

(AL KAFI – Kitab e Aql, chapter 20 hadith 11)

This Hadeeth is sufficient to silence all those who claim that they are compelled to do Ijtihad when they cannot find what they want from the Holy Quran and Hadeeth. If anyone has any doubts after this then they must take a look at their own faith.

11.Imam Musa Kazim (asws) says, " _One who follows his own opinion in religious matters is destroyed"._

(AL KAFI –Kitab e Aql, Ch. 19, hadith10)

12.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"Whoever decides to use qiyas (analogical reasoning) as a source of authority, his whole life will remain in confusion. Whoever practices the religion of Allah by means of qiyas (analogical reasoning) will always find himself filled with doubts". Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) then said, "Whoever issues Fatwa on the basis of his personal opinion has practiced the religion of Allah by means of what is not knowledge. Whoever practices the religion of Allah without knowledge has opposed Him by making things halal (lawful) and haram (unlawful) through things he has no knowledge of.'"_

(AL KAFI – Kitab e Aql, Ch. 20, hadith 17)

13..Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, _"Do not take anyone closely and intimately between yourselves and Allah; if you did so it would cause you to become kafirs (unbelievers). On the day of judgement every matter and relation that is based upon shirk and biddah (innovation) will be of no use. Only those matters and relations which are based upon Quran will be of benefit to you ."_

(AL KAFI – Kitab e Aql, Ch. 20, hadith 23)

14.RasoolAllah (saw) said, _"All of the matters of halal (lawful) and haram (forbidden) have been mentioned and they are quite clear. As for those issues about which one is uncertain, one who abandons it will be rewarded and one who follows it will be punished." (Doing something while having doubt is certainly haram)._

(Al Kafi, Kitab e Aql, chapter 22 hadith 20)

15.In the tafseer of this ayah "and who is more erring than he who follows his low desires without any guidance from Allah?" (28:50), Imam Reza (asws) says, _"One who establishes his own religion without the guidance of Aimmah (asws.)_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 85 hadith 1)

16..Moula Ali (asws) says, " _Following a religious verdict (fatwa) is not correct unless it comes from Sahib e Sharia (Establisher of Religion) and there is no zan (logic) or qiyas (analogy) present in the fatwa. Momin does not use his own opinions in religious matters."_

(Usool e Kafi Kitab Kufr o Iman chapter 150 hadith 1)

17.In His Supplication No.20 On Noble Moral Traits Imam Ali (asws) bin Hussain (asws) said : _"O'Allah, Associate Me with those who are pious, who obey You, and belong to Your Party. Disassociate Me from those who create innovations (bidah) and follow their own qiyas."_ (Sahifa Kalima pg 199)

(In this supplication, Imam (asws) disassociates Himself from those who create innovations (biddah) and use their own opinion and this is called tabarra)

18..Someone asked Imam Muhammad Baqir (Asws), " _What is the minimum act that makes one become a mushrik (polytheist)?" Imam (asws) replied, "One who declares the pit of the date as a stone and the stone as the pit of the date and then establishes his religion upon his own personal opinions"._

(Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat)

You have just been through eighteen Hadeeth from Masoomeen (asws) but did not realise how great an act worship you have done. However, this act of worship would be incomplete if you were not to ponder over this and arrive at the correct conclusions. I have saved one Hadeeth so that it can be the final word on this matter. But, let us first discuss the above traditions. You already know the decision of Masoomeen (asws) about those that issue Fatwas. Let us see what Masoomeen (asws) have to say about those that utilize qiyas (analogy) and personal opinion;

1.It leads to destruction.

2.Allah does not befriend them.

3.They are cursed by both the angels of mercy and punishment.

4.They make people their sacrificial lambs for their own purpose.

5.Wherever there is no religious ordinance then it is better to abstain.

6.It is forbidden to use qiyas (analogy) in the absence of an order.

7.If a Mujtahid issues a correct fatwa there is no reward for it whereas issuance of an incorrect fatwa from him equates to forging a lie against Allah

8.A person who does not know religious ordinances and makes use of qiyas (analogy) will always be in a state of doubt and never achieve yaqeen (certainty). (Moula Ali (asws) has clearly stated that sleep with yaqeen (certainty) is better than a whole night's worship). One who deliberately makes divine commandments to be doubtful in favour of his own analogy has opposed Allah

9.Following someone who applies qiyas is polytheism.

10.Acting in a condition of doubt and uncertainty is harm (unlawfully).

11.One who extracts religious laws based on qiyas is not a momin.

12.It is the Sunnah of the Imam (asws) to perform tabarra (disassociate Himself) from the people who create bidah (innovations), use qiyas and personal opinion.

13.One who uses qiyas and places the foundation of religion on zan (presumption) is a mushrik (polytheist).

## THE FINAL PROOF

Let me now give you the Hadeeth that I have saved to the last as the final proof. This will lift the veils from your eyes and you will be able to see clearly the people who are being referred to in this Hadeeth. Every word of this Hadeeth deserves to be pondered over.

Ameerul Momineen (asws) said, "Of the most intensely disliked men in the sight of Allah, the Majestic, the Most Glorious, are two kinds of people: A man who cannot be guided, who deviates from the path of justice, and is extremely attracted toward the words of innovation and prefers his own opinions over the commands of Masoomeen (asws). He seems a master at performing prayer and fasting but is a mischief-maker to deceive people; he has strayed from guidance of the people before him and misleads those who may follow him in his lifetime and after his death. He carries the responsibility for others' sins and is a hostage of his own sins.

The other kind are those jurists and scholars who trap others in their own ignorance. They receive guidance and assistance from shaitan . The people with no intellect consider him as knowledgable even though in reality he has absolutely no knowledge of the commands of Allah. A sign of their ignorance is that they believe they have knowledge of all matters while in reality they have no knowledge of anything. They declare themselves as a scholar and believe it is their responsibility to remove the people from doubts. He may even oppose the ruling of the scholar before him. One can never tell whether his ruling will remain valid or if a scholar after him will overturn it just as he has done to the rulings of the scholars before him. If he faces complex and difficult issues he comes up with a great deal of his personal opinions and shapes them up as a clear-cut ruling. In fact, he has dressed himself up with doubtful issues the way a spider weaves his fragile web. He is not sure if he has done the right thing or the wrong one. He does not consider the fact that in an unknown case to have proper knowledge is necessary, and he does not see that beyond his opinion there is a school of law.

He uses qiyas without fear of whether or not his assumptions will turn out to be false. If an issue is unknown to him he hides it to hide his own ignorance so that people will not say he does not know. He then boldly issues rulings and thus he is the key to destruction, a storage of doubts, perplexed in ignorance, and he never regrets his lacking knowledge. The level of his knowledge never rises to absolute certainty so that he could benefit. He blows out Hadith like winds that blow away hay. The blood of the oppressed shouts against him. The halal (lawful) marital relations become haram (unlawful) because of his rulings and haram (unlawful) ones become halal (lawful). He has no confidence in the rulings he issues and he can never be trusted for judgments that he may make nor was he qualified for what he may have done in the matters in which he claimed to have true knowledge."

(AL KAFI – Kitab e Aql chapter 20 hadith 6)

Now read more about this from an extract from Nahju Ul Balagah Sermon No. 17.

"He sits among the people as a scholar responsible for solving whatever is confusing to the others. If an ambiguous problem is presented before him he manages a shabby argument regarding it of his own opinion and issues a fatwa (ruling) on the basis of his own opinion. In this way he is entangled in the confusion of doubts as in the spider's web, not knowing whether he was right or wrong. If he is right he fears lest he erred, while if he is wrong he hopes he is right. He is ignorant, wandering astray in ignorance and riding on carriages aimlessly moving in darkness. He did not try to find reality of knowledge. He scatters the traditions as the wind scatters the dry leaves."

May our lives be sacrificed for those Guides and Imams (asws) who closed all the doors of deviations from us. They have shown us how to save ourselves from going astray by pointing out each and every point of deviation. The only precondition is that we should stop following the non masoom who are prone to error and follow Masoomeen (asws) exclusively. Then not only will we find a solution to all our problems, but such doors of knowledge and understanding will open up for us that we have never even dreamt of. This is the only way to sort out our religion and problems of this world. Our Moula (asws) has already issued warnings to us that this world is full of Shaytan's traps. If we ignore the sayings of our Imams (asws) even for a moment then we will most certainly fall into one of these traps, and the biggest of the traps is the following of a non masoom.

Now I am going to give you certain signs from which you should try and draw a picture, then we shall see whose picture it is.

1.He becomes arrogant and declares those sayings of Masoomeen (asws) as doubtful which differs from his own opinions and diverts the people's attention towards his own fatwas in order to establish his own marja'iat and makes the people dependent upon his rulings instead of upon the orders of Masoomeen (asws). This is why Allah has said he cannot be guided.

2.He has strayed from the straight path and regards his own commands as beyond reproach and irrefutable he makes it obligatory upon the people to follow them.

3.Instead of taking commandments from the Holy Quran and basing decisions on correct proofs and understand the truth about religion and call people towards understanding Imam e Zamana (atfs) (As RasoolAllah (saw) has said that anyone who dies without having understood the Imam of his time has died the death of kufr (unbelief), nifaq ( hypocrisy) and jahil (ignorance)), he concentrates upon the zahir (apparent) ordinances of religion like Prayer, Fast, etc. and diverts the people towards these matters and away from the real purpose of life. This is to such an extent that they do not even think about anything else except the procedural matters of these acts and consider these to be the main purpose of life.

4.He is a source of mischief for his followers in this life as well as after his death. He has led them astray in this life and will do the same after his death.

5.He entraps others in ignorance. In other words he wishes to keep people in a perpetual state of ignorance.

6.The ignorant among the people consider him to be the most knowledgeable of all.

7.In matters of religion he is always in a state of uncertainty and doubt.

Although he never gains certainty (yaqeen), he still claims that he is removing doubts from the people.

8.He believes himself to be the most knowledgable while in reality he has no knowledge at all. You know very well that some people spend their entire lives in the pursuit of knowledge and are proud of it. If someone were to present the statements of Masoomeen (asws) to people then they get told 'Are you more knowledgeable or those who spend their entire lives in the pursuit of this?' Oh, only if they had indeed spent their entire lives in acquiring the commandments of Masoomeen (asws) and had not fallen in love with their own qiyas , and instead of the zahir (apparent) commands they would have directed people towards the true commands which is gaining the marifat (recognition) of Masoomeen (asws).

9.He has invalidated the Fatwa of the previous one and replaced it with his own, although he knows that the next person will come and invalidate his one and replace it with another one. He considers Sharia as his slave so that whosoever wishes can issue any command that he feels like.

10.The truth of religion is totally different from his qiyas.

11.If there is a similarity between two matters then he applies the same ruling on both of them and does not consider this to be wrong.

12.In matters that he has no knowledge of, he still audaciously issues a verdict on it.

13. He demeans the hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws) so that he can find a way for his own qiyas and personal opinions.

14..He is not worthy of the knowledge that he claims to possess nor is he worthy that people should sort out their problems through him.

15.He himself does not know whether or not the fatwa he has issued is correct. If it is right then he still doubts that it might be wrong and vice versa. (You can collect all the Fatwas of the Mujtahids and you will see that they will end with the words 'Allah Knows best'. The simple meaning of this is that 'I have issued this fatwa based on my qiyas but only Allah Knows what the correct ruling is).

16.Those who do not endeavor to acquire religious knowledge for themselves live an ignorant life and die in a state of deviation.

17.Moula Ali (asws) has defined their characteristics as : 'When the true meaning of the Holy Quran is presented to them they consider it to be worthless, whilst if meanings are derived from it by manipulation of verses then this becomes the most valuable thing for them'. (Refer to Ayatullah Ali AL Haeri's statements on Surah Al Tawba).

## Effect of Issuing Fatwas

This chapter is coming to an end but will remain incomplete if I do not explain the end result of all these Fatwas that are being issued. These are not my words but those of Allama Hilli. This is so famous that it does not require any proof.

After the death of Allama Hilli some good people saw him in a dream and asked him as to what had transpired with him after his death. He replied: "Had I not written the books 'AL FEYN' and 'ZIYARAT AL HUSSAIN (ASWS)', then my Fatwas would have destroyed me. The truth has been delivered to you. My proof over you is now completed. Who will be able to guide the one whom Allah has not guided?"

# Seventh Chapter- Differences

The basis of difference of views is not knowledge, but rather lack of it. It is easy for the people of intellect to understand that when two people differ from each other, then either both of them are in the wrong or at least one of them is. It is simply not possible for both of them to be right. Those who possess knowledge will never differ as there is only one reality and they will have grasped it. Imagine a classroom of fifty students where the teacher asks them to add ten and fifteen and give him the correct answer. Those students who have knowledge will give the correct answer of twenty five and all their answers will be the same, whereas all those who answer incorrectly will differ amongst each other. In the same way if a thousand people were to be presented with a problem and if they have the correct knowledge, then they will all apply the same solution to it, and if they are ignorant then they will differ.

This difference of opinion itself proves their ignorance. You will have to conclude either all of them are wrong or only one of them can be correct. But to be told that all of them are correct and we can act on any of them that we feel like, bears testimony to their ignorance and deviation from the right path. It is a well known fact that truth is only one. Wherever there is falsehood and deviation there will be differences. These differences prove that there is no truth there and unanimity proves that there is only one truth. It is not possible that there will be no differences in batil (falsehood). This is a protection given to haq (truth) from Allah and this cannot be refuted. There is a long tradition from Al Kafi – Book of Divine Authority, about differences, which I shall not be quoting here due to its length, but I would like to give you the conclusion of it by Mufti Ja'far Hussain about it: 'Whoever is prone to error will always end up with differences in his commands and in this situation there will be tampering with the Commands of Allah'.

Difference being proof of falsehood, is such a simple truth that even the layman can understand it. If an arrogant person wishes to oppose it then so be it, but otherwise everyone will accept it. I have been hearing for many years now that the reason why the Sunnis are wrong is because they have four "Imams" who all disagree with each other. On the other hand, despite the fact that we have twelve Imams (asws) there is not one difference amongst Them. Whatsoever was said by the first was said by the middle of them and was reiterated by the last of them. Shias have always presented this as proof of being on the right path. Even Allah has made this as a proof of His message.

" _Do they not then meditate on the Quran? And if it were from any other than Allah, they would have found in it many a discrepancy." (4:82)_

The following points emanate from this verse:

1.It is incumbent upon all to ponder over the Holy Quran. This command is not for a particular group of people and that the rest of the community is free from this responsibility.

2.This pondering over the Holy Quran is to see whether there are any discrepancies in it.

3.As we are not capable to get to all the meanings of the Holy Quran, we are therefore in need of guidance from those who have been endowed with such knowledge and appointed by Allah.

" _Nay! These are clear communications in the breasts of those who are granted knowledge; and none deny our communications except the unjust." (29:49)_

We should take our guidance from Them and believe that there are no discrepancies in the Holy Quran. History bears witness that in every age there have been people who have taken up this challenge of Allah and by looking at the apparent meaning of the Holy Quran they have tried to present differences and contradictions in the Holy Quran. A book titled 'Tanafuz Ul Quran' was published on this subject, and history is also witness to the fact that no one had the spirit to shut these people up. It was only the Ahlul Bayt (asws) who defended the Holy Quran every time. This is why unless one ponders over the explanations of Quran given to us by Masoomeen (asws) no benefit can derived from it. Even though decisions made are based on the Holy Quran, if they are not based upon the explanations of Masoomeen (asws) then these decisions will always be false.

4. In the statements of anyone other than Allah there will always be differences, otherwise Allah would not have made this the basis of His argument.

5.Those that do not differ in their statements cannot be regarded as being 'other than Allah'.

You will have noticed that Allah has given many decisions in just one Verse. It has also been concluded that whosoever displays differences in his statements, will be a representative of falsehood. You can go through the whole of the Holy Quran and you will find nothing but condemnation of differences. You will never find a single Verse where differences have been appreciated. In fact the purpose of the Prophet-hood of the Prophets has been to remove differences from amongst the people. There are too many ayahs in Quran regarding differences to present them all here to you. Therefore, I shall quote for you just a few examples

" _(All) people are a single nation; so Allah raised prophets as bearers of good news and as warners, and He revealed with them the Book with truth, that it might judge between people in that in which they differed; and none but the very people who were given it differed about it after clear arguments had come to them, revolting amongthemselves; so Allah has guided by His will those who believe to the truth about which they differed and Allah guides whom He pleases to the right path." (2:213)_

" _And we have not revealed to you the Book except that you may make clear to them that about which they differ, and (as) a guidance and a mercy for a people who believe."(16:64)_

" _And be not like those who became divided and disagreed after clear arguments had come to them, and these it is that shall have a grievous chastisement." (3:105)_

" _And We have revealed to you the Book with the truth, verifying what is before it of the Book and a guardian over it, therefore judge between them by what Allah has revealed, and do not follow their low desires (to turn away) from the truth that has come to you; for every one of you did We appoint a law and a way, and if Allah had pleased He would have made you (all) a single people, but that He might try you in what He gave you, therefore strive with one another to hasten to virtuous deeds; to Allah is your return, of all (of you), so He will let you know that in which you differed;" (5:48)_

" _Say: What! shall I seek a Lord other than Allah? And He is the Lord of all things; and no soul earns (evil) but against itself, and no bearer of burden shall bear the burden of another; then to your Lord is your return, so He will inform you of that in which you differed." (6:164)_

" _Whomsoever Allah guides, he is the one who follows the right way; and whomsoever He causes to err, these are the losers." (7:178)_

You will notice from the above verses that the singular form has been used for the 'guided one' whereas for the 'losers' it is in its plural form. The reason for this has been explained in Tafseer Safi, "Since those who are guided aright are one in their guidance and on the same path therefore the singular form has been used, whereas those who go astray have differing paths, the plural form has been used for them'.

You have read the above verses and will have drawn certain conclusions from them; however, I would like to draw your attention to some of them.

1.The purpose of all Prophets was to remove difference amongst their respective nations.

2.The purpose of revelation to RasoolAllah (saw)was to remove differences amongst us.

3. A grievous punishment has been prepared for those that create differences.

4. RasoolAllah (saw) was commanded to decide as per the Holy Quran.

5. It has been prohibited to abandon the divine commands and act according to one's desires.

6.The laws of Sharia are a test for the people so that it can be known as to who is acting according to divine commands and who is acting upon his own opinion.

7.Those who create differences and spread them will know the result of their actions on the day of judgement.

8. Everyone will have to bear their own burden. This totally contradicts the view that if one were to act according to the fatwa of a Mujtahid then the responsibility lies solely with the Mujtahid and one will escape it.

9.In the sight of Allah the creators of differences have gone astray.

If, after going through the above Verses, someone were to still make differences, then I leave it to you to decide about him. Let us now turn to the Hadeeth of the Masoomeen (asws) about this matter.

1.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, _"He has enabled the people who possess Divine Authority with knowledge. We are such people. Ask Us. If We will acknowledge you then be steadfast, but you will not do so. Our knowledge is clear. The appearance of the appointed time for Us in which religion will stand supreme through Us so much so that there will remain no differences among people, for such there is an appointed time that passes through the nights and days. When that time comes, the command of Allah will be only one. "I swear by Allah, it is already decreed that there will be no differences among the believers. For this reason they are made to witness the deeds of the people so that Muhammad (saw) will be witness over Us and We will be the witnesses over Our followers and Our followers will be witnesses over the people. Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, does not allow differences to take place in His judgment nor contradictions to take place amongst those who possess His knowledge."_

(Usool e Kafi – Kitab e Hujjat chapter 40 hadith 7)

2.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, _"Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has said about the Night of Determination, '. . . in this night every absolute command coming from Us becomes distinguishable.' (44:4) He has spoken of absolute and strong command. Absolute and strong command is not two things. It is only one thing. One who judges without disharmony and differences, his judgement is of the judgement of Allah, the Most Holy and the Most High. Whoever judges in a disharmonious manner, with differences, and considers it as the rightful way of judging he has judged with the judgement of the devil."_

(Usool e Kafi ,Hijab chapter 40 hadith 3)

What I fail to understand is why people need more proof after receiving such clear guidance from Masoomeen (asws. I cannot convince one who stubbornly refuses to believe. It is possible to wake up one who is sleeping but it is impossible to wake up the one who is already awake. This is why I would like to appeal to those who use their intellect. When Masoomeen (asws) have made it Their purpose to remove differences and disassociated Themselves from all differences then in what regard should we hold those whose main purpose is to create differences and spread them amongst the people? Whether or not you bow your head in submission to Masoomeen (asws) is of no benefit to me. I am only doing this in love for my fellow momin in faith. For this I would like to present this statement of Moula Ali (asws) from Nahj Ul Balagah Sermon 18:

'When a problem is put before anyone of them he passes judgement on it from his imagination. When exactly the same problem is placed before another of them he passes an opposite verdict. Then these judges go to the chief who had appointed them and he confirms all the verdicts, although their Allah is One (and the same), their Prophet is one (and the same), their Book (the Qur'an) is one (and the same). Is it that Allah ordered them to differ and they obeyed Him? Or He prohibited them from it but they disobeyed Him? Or (is it that) Allah sent an incomplete Faith and sought their help to complete it? Or they are His partners in the affairs, so that it is their share of duty to pronounce and He has to agree? Or is it that Allah the Glorified sent a perfect faith but the Prophet fell short of conveying it and handing it over (to the people)? The fact is that Allah the Glorified says: . . . We have not neglected anything in the Book (Qur'an) . . . (Qur'an, 6:38) And say that one part of the Qur'an verifies another part and that there is no divergence in it as He says: . . . And if it had been from any other than Allah, they would surely have found in it much discrepancy. (Qur'an, 4:82). Certainly the outside of the Qur'an is wonderful and its inside is deep (in meaning). Its wonders will never disappear, its amazements will never pass away and its intricacies cannot be cleared except through itself'. – SERMON NO. 18.

This sermon has cut off all the tongues of falsehood and has not left any excuse for those that issue differing views and verdicts. This is such a decisive sermon that any further explanation on this is like lighting a candle in front of the sun.

## A Joke

I shall discuss this sermon in more detail later on, but first I would like to share with you something amusing that happened with me. I shared this sermon with a friend of mine about three years ago and told him to find me an answer to this and for which I gave him a year. I told him to think over it and ask whoever that he feels like for help. He replied after three years and I would like to share his reply with you in this book so that you can also understand what I have to say about this as well. His reply was: "I thought over this for a long time and I have realized that the Muftis referred to here by Moula Ali (asws) are the ones that were appointed by Muawiya (la)and so what have our Muftis got to do with this"

Did you understand the strength of this argument? If I were to condemn a thief then it will only be a condemnation of that particular thief and not any other although it is the theft which is being condemned here and therefore whosoever were to steal then this condemnation would be applicable to him. However, let me accept my friend's argument and deal with him academically.

1.Syed Razi, the compiler of Nahj Ul Balagah, who was more aware of the statements of the Imams (asws) than we are at the moment, has never made any mention of this.

2.This book was compiled in the 5th Century AH, and since then numerous translations and commentaries have been written about it, but no one has yet to take the meaning from this that my friend has, not even Ibn Abil Hadeed Mu'tazali of the Sunnis to whom this would be more applicable.

3.Mufti Ja'far Hussain who has translated Nahj Ul Balagah and is a Mujtahid himself, has written extensively on this book, but even he has never expressed such an opinion that my friend has, and has actually defended Ijtihad and the Mujtahids. And so even a Mujtahid knows that the condemnation in this sermon is applicable to him.

4.The claim that the Muftis referred to in this sermon are the ones appointed by Muawiya (la) is falsified even when you look at the five preceding sermons and five of the following ones. There is no mention of this anywhere. It is my contention that there is not a single sermon anywhere in Nahj Ul Balagah in condemnation of the Muftis of Muawiya (la) only.

5.If for arguments sake I accept my friend's argument then we shall have to cast aside a large portion of the Holy Quran or consider these Verses to have been abrogated. A large portion of the Holy Quran, as you know, is about the actions of previous people and the punishments that they deserved. If I were to use my friend's argument then all these judgments about the previous people would not be relevant to us. But this is not so because Allah has reiterated many a time that He has given examples in the Holy Quran so that people of understanding can take lessons from them. And if it is not as my friend is saying, and indeed it is not, then to expect a person like Moula Ali (asws) who is Kalimatullah (word of Allah) and Nafsullah (nafs of Allah)', to marginalize these condemnations and make them applicable only to the Muftis of that particular time period is indeed a major accusation against Him.

So now I have refuted my friend. You have also seen how Sermon No. 18 has been dealt with and explained. Now I would like to ask my friend about his views on Sermon No. 50 and as to which Muftis are implicated in this one. I hereby give him one more year to come up with an answer.

Moula Ali (asws) said: 'The basis of the occurrence of evils are those desires which are acted upon and the orders that are innovated. They are against the Book of Allah. People co-operate with each other about them even though it is against the Religion of Allah. If wrong had been pure and unmixed it would not be hidden from those who are in search of it. And if right had been pure without admixture of wrong those who bear hatred towards it would have been silenced. What is, however, done is that something is taken from here and something from there and the two are mixed! At this stage Satan overpowers his friends and they alone escape for whom virtue has been apportioned by Allah from before.' –

Sermon No. 50 Nahj Ul Balagah.

Neither does this sermon require further explanation nor am I addressing young children. Those that come under the umbrella of the final words of this sermon 'they alone escape for whom virtue has been apportioned by Allah from before' should have no problems in getting to the truth. They will realise what is meant by those who issue Fatwas and the rule of the Fatwas in the name of Ahlul Bayt (asws). If the government of today were to ask these people to hand over the Fiqh of Ja'fariya to them so that it can be established in the land, then what is that thing that they will be handing over? Today we are in possession of several 'books of emulation' (Tawzih Ul Masail) in the name of Fiqh Ja'fariya, which are all different from each other. Maybe this is the reason why the organization which used to call itself 'Tehrik e Nafiz e Fiqh Ja'fariya' has amended its name to 'Tehrik e Fiqh Ja'fariya' only. The reality is right there in front of you. All you have to do is open your eyes.

Let us now look at what Mufti Ja'far Hussain has said regarding sermon No. 18. At first he placed a lot of importance in defending Ijtihad and the Mujtahids, but in the end he realized that they could not escape from it and so he said: 'It is the view of the Sect of the Imamiya that neither has Allah Commanded anyone to manufacture the laws of Sharia nor has He allowed anyone to follow the opinions of a Mujtahid'. Well, if that is the case then how is it so many fatwas are being produced and why are the people being compelled to follow the Mujtahids? Allah has not provided numerous solutions to one problem. When a Mujtahid comes across a problem the solution to which cannot be found in his book, then his personal opinion on the matter suffices not only for him but for his followers as well to act upon. He then goes on to issue differing rulings on the same problem despite the fact that his Creator Himself did not do this. Nevertheless, his capacity to issue these rulings in only based on the apparent facts and not based on reality which could be different. What I fail to understand is how this rulings based on apparent facts is a replacement for the ruling based on reality? If one cannot get hold of a glass of milk and instead drinks a glass of water, will one get the benefit of milk from the water? In this world, the one who waters down the milk is considered a liar and cheat. The reality is that the correct ordinance is one which Allah Has Given us and we have to obey these Instructions without any ifs or buts. The true ordinances are those which are the reality of the apparent ordinances. For example, Prayers, Fasts, Pilgrimage etc. are apparent orders whereas the order to have the understanding of the Masoomeen (asws) is the true order which forms the true purpose of the apparent orders. As Moula Ali (asws) has said: 'I am the prayer of momineen, his fast, his pilgrimage and his jihad (struggle in the way of Allah)'.

These are the true ordinances and not the ones that these people are hell bent on thrusting upon us. The claim that: 'The apparent orders are a replacement of the true ones' is baseless, without any evidence whatsoever. In the sight of wise people a baseless claim is completely worthless. Secondly, this is such a foolish statement that it can be laughed at, but not believed in. Another example of this would be if I were to tell someone to find a suitor for my daughter of about thirty years old, and that person then, after trying hard and making enquiries brings to me two lads of fifteen years each. This apparent solution in no way can be a replacement of the real one. This is the kind of mockery that is taking place in religion and most people are simply not prepared to listen otherwise.

What Mufti Ja'far Hussain is doing is just to confuse people with his statements; otherwise the only proper way to categorize the orders is 'true orders' and 'conjectural orders'.

The words of this Mufti: 'The Mujtahid becomes helpless in letting go of the true orders', still resonate in my ears. I am in agreement with his statement. When a person moves away from Masoomeen (asws) and manufactures his own ordinances then this is bound to happen. The problem is, why is it being made obligatory for people to follow such orders?

What the Mufti says is that 'The Mujtahid has not spared any efforts in order to extricate the laws from the stormy seas'. What I cannot figure out is that our religion is simple, and its ordinances are also simple enough for everyone to understand. Everything about our life and our hereafter has been explained quite clearly. What is that issue which the Masoomeen (asws) have not explained to us? The details of these have been preserved in writing in our books until this day and if one cannot even be bothered to look them up then what can be done with him? Even when a person buys a new television set he reads the instruction booklet that comes with it. I have never seen one buy a T.V. set, but asks its operations from the neighbors. But people have considered religion to be of such a low value that they have made it unlawful upon themselves to find out about it. It is quite straightforward. Either you ask the person who gave you the religion or else you read up on it from the books where his statements have been preserved. What kind of wisdom is there in being dependent upon others. If you can afford to buy an expensive T.V. set, why can't you buy books of Hadeeth like Al Kafi, Man La Yahzurul Faqih and so forth? Which are comparatively quite cheap. Read these books and then tell me what issue is not addressed therein and therefore you must be dependent upon others for the answer.

When these matters have been explained to us clearly and are within our reach, then what is the logic behind the 'deep sea diving' in order to extract religious ordinances from the stormy seas? Are they telling me that all the religious ordinances have been kept on the deep sea bed by Masoomeen (asws) and therefore only a deep sea diver can get to them? And that these 'deep sea divers' have been appointed by Masoomeen (asws) to extract the pearls of religion (but in fact have come up with nothing but mud), and that the people should remain ignorant by standing by the sea shore, awaiting these divers to come up regularly and get paid for their efforts regardless of whether they come up with something valuable or not.

The amount of money you spend on these people and time you spend on them listening to their speeches, had you spent these resources on yourself you would have ended up with a nice library of books from which you would have learned all these solutions to your problems.

My brother! You were sent to collect pearls from the sea bed but you ended up bring to us only its shells. What shall we do with these shells? Those that wanted to make a garland of pearls will not be able to use these shells, and if they were to attend a gathering having adorned themselves with garlands of shells then they would become a laughing stock.

The point here is that one cannot serve the purpose of the other. In the same way ordinances manufactured on the basis of qiyas cannot serve the purpose of the actual ordinance, which is the attainment of divine pleasure. The Mufti, by quoting the example of the pearls and the shells has ended up disproving himself.

The Mufti then goes on to say: 'The Mujtahid does not say that people should consider the shells to be the pearls and should be sold at that price'. What he is trying to say here is that people should not consider his decisions to be that of Allah nor should they value them as such. This is totally false. Let me quote you from a Mujtahid, Allamah Haeri from his book Al Risala: 'Taqleed, generally means to follow a Mujtahid and accept his decisions to be the decisions of Allah'.

You decide now. If we were to follow Mufti Ja'far Hussain then foolishness is proven and we have to accept falsehood as being the truth, whereas if we were to accept the words of Allamah Haeri then polytheism is proven. What shall we do now? Either we accept all this nonsense or come to the fold of Masoomeen (asws) by accepting the divine command:

" Whoever obeys the Messenger, he indeed obeys Allah, and whoever turns back, so we have not sent you as a keeper over them." (4:80)

And then the Mufti states: 'It is another matter that the evaluator of his efforts would give him half the price so that neither do his efforts go unrewarded nor does he get discouraged.'.

I do not know whether to laugh at this or cry. Let me give you a few examples about this situation.

1.I availed the services of a builder to build a wall for my house and he built it crooked. The house looked bad and the people passing by used to laugh at it and there was also fear that the wall itself might collapse any time.

2.I asked someone to get me a diamond, but he went to a distant market and got me a decorated piece of stone.

3.I asked my servant to get me some salt. The poor guy walked a long distance in the heat to get to the market but got me plaster instead.

Now you place yourself in my position and decide what you would do with people like these. Whatever you decided to do with them, is how Allah will treat them on the day of judgement for spoiling His religion. They made additions, deletions and amendments to His religion by the use of their own opinions, analogies and conjectures, and instead of a garland of pearls, they made the people wear a garland of shells.

After going through the whole chapter so far you will have come to the conclusion that differences, in the eyes of the Allah and Masoomeen (asws) is a grievious thing. The difference makers and their followers are the enemies of Allah and RasoolAllah (saw) and doom of Hell has been prepared for them. You have also read what Mufti Ja'far Hussain commented about Sermon No. 18, that Allah has not provided a multitude of solutions for one problem. You may have also heard this famous Hadeeth of RasoolAllah (saw) that: 'The halal (lawful) of Muhammad (s.a.w.) is halal until the Day of Judgement and the haram (unlawful) of Muhammad (s.a.w.) is haram until the Day of Judgement'. In other words, whatsoever was declared as halal by RasoolAllah (saw) cannot ever be declared as haram until the Day of Judgement and vice versa. And so it is impossible that one thing can be halal and haram at the same time. Let me give you a few examples about this.

Let us imagine for a moment that a dog is considered as haram in the jurisprudence of one sect while another sect considers it as halal. Now the dog is one, and it can either be halal or haram . It is not possible for it to be haram for the followers of one sect while being halal for the followers of another.

In the same way a thing is either pure or impure. It is not possible for one thing to be classified as pure by one Mujtahid and impure by another one. It cannot be both pure as well as impure at the same time.

There is not need to explain this further. According to Moula Ali (asws) those that manufacture these ordinances are committing polytheism with Allah and those that follow them are equal participants with them in this. Although what Mufti Ja'far Hussain has said is in complete contradiction to what I am saying, I cannot deal with my readers as being of the opposition camp. This is because they are either following Mujtahids without knowledge or they find it easier in their life to follow them rather than learn themselves. I am going to target those Fatwas of the Mujtahids that they have issued in the matters of the halal and haram, pure and impure, mustahab and makrooh actions, in which their differences are as wide as the distance between the earth and the sky, so that it will become easier for you to make correct decisions in the light of the Commands of Allah and Masoomeen (Asws). I will only give you a few examples for the sake of brevity, but I would advise you to read once more the Hadeeth that I had quoted before so that you will enjoy the coming discussion better.

" _One who judges without disharmony and differences, his judgement is of the judgement of Allah, the Most Holy and the Most High. Whoever judges in a disharmonious manner, with differences, and considers it as the rightful way of judging he has judged with the judgement of the devil."_

(AL KAFI - H 639, Ch. 41, h3)

ORDERS REGARDING UNCLEAN MATTERS (NAJASAAT)

With regard to the excretions of those animals whose meat is halal to eat.

1. Al Khomeini – These should be avoided.

2. Al Khoie – This is not a precautionary obligation.

3. Shariatmadari – The excretions of halal birds is clean.

With regard to the blood of hemorrhoids.

1. Al Khomeini – It is forgiven.

2. Al Shahroudi – It is not forgiven.

With regard to the volume of 'KUR' water.

1. Al Khomeini – 3.5 X 3.5 X 3.5 hands = 42.87 cubic hands.

2. Al Khoie – 3 X 3 X 3 hands = 27 cubic hands.

3. Shariatmadari – 3 X 3 X 4 = 36 cubic hands.

With regard to date juice in a pot which boils over due to heat.

1. Al Khomeini – It is najis and haram.

2. Al Khoie – It is clean and halal.

With regard to the sweat of a person who discharges semen due to a haram act.

1. Al Khomeini – It is najis (impure).

2. Al Khoie – It is pak (clean).

With regard to uncleanness due to urine.

1. Al Khomeini – Dunking twice in water of volume of 'Kur' of greater will purify. There is no need to squeeze the beard.

2. Al Khoie – It is necessary to squeeze the beard.

With regard to touching the Names of Allah Masoomeen (asws) in the state of Janabat.

1. Al Khomeini – It is haram.

2. Al Khoie – It is allowed.

ORDERS RELATED TO UTENSILS

With regard to the protection utensils of gold and silver.

(1) Al Khomeini – Protection of these is haram.

(2) Al Khoie – Protection of these is allowed.

With regard to the manufacture of utensils of gold and silver.

(1) Al Khomeini – It is haram.

(2) Al Khoie – It is allowed.

ORDERS REGARDING NAMAAZ (PRAYERS)

With regard to men and women praying together.

1. Al Khomeini – As a precaution they should not pray together whether the woman is in front or besides, or whether they are Mahram or not.

2. Al Khoie – It is allowable provided there is a distance of one hand between them.

With regard to Friday Prayers.

1. Al Khomeini – It is highly recommended to pray the Zohr prayers after the Friday Prayers.

2. Al Khoie – It is not necessary to pray the Zohr prayers after the Friday prayers.

ORDERS WITH REGARD TO THE SHEDDING OF BLOOD IN THE MOURNING OF IMAM HUSSAIN (asws)

It is the fatwa of most of the Mujtahids of Iran today that this is not allowed.

It is the fatwa of Allamah Muhammd Hussai Qazwini who was the teacher of Mujtahids like Agha e Burujardi and Mohsin Hakim that: 'All types of Matam are allowed'. In fact he has allowed the historical events to be portrayed in the form of dramas provided the role plays of women are done by men in women's attires. I have only given a few differences in Fatwas above for the sake of brevity otherwise this is a topic in itself and a lot can be written about this. Is there anyone today who can say with conviction that who is consuming lawfully and who is not? Whose actions are halal and whose are not? Who is consuming pure and whose consumption is impure? And if one cannot then all this is nothing but conjecture and imaginary. Allah has already stated that conjecture is of no use against the truth.

" _And most of them do not follow (anything) but conjecture; surely conjecture will not avail aught against the truth; surely Allah is cognizant of what they do."(10:36)_

In the light of this, these conjectures, analogies, opinions, differing Fatwas can be anything but the truth. And if they are not the truth then what are they? The opposite of truth is falsehood. After all this those people who think that the Mujtahid is issuing Fatwas based on the Holy Quran and Hadeeth should now open their eyes.

All my evidence and proofs that I have presented are either from the Holy Quran or from the Hadeeth, so that there remains no room for argument. The conclusion of this whole chapter is that any ordinance that has been which is not based of either the Holy Quran or Hadeeth will be conjecture and the person who gives Fatwas based on this as well as those that follow him will never achieve certainty (yaqeen). Their whole life will be spent in doubt. Just in case you have missed the point, I would like to present to you some Hadeeth so that you can relate to the statements of Masoomeen (asws) with regard to this.

1.In one sermon Ameerul Momineen (asws) says, _"Do not be suspicious for it will cause doubt. Do not doubt for you will become kafirs (unbelievers).'"_

(Usool e Kafi Kitab Kufr o Iman chapter 298 hadith 14)

2.Abu Baseer narrates, "Once I asked Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) about this saying of Allah, ' _Those who have accepted the faith and have kept it pure from injustice have achieved security and guidance.' (6:82)_ _Imam (Asws) said, , "It means one who has kept his belief pure from doubt.'_

(Usool e Kafi Kitab Kufr o Iman chapter 298 hadith 4)

3.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"Doubts and disobedience are from shaitan. Doubt and people who have doubts are not from Us nor is it associated with Us.'"_

(Usool e Kafi Kitab Kufr o Iman chapter 298 hadith 5)

4.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, _"No deed with doubt and denial will be of any benefit.'_ "

(Usool e Kafi Kitab Kufr o Iman chapter 298 hadith 7)

5.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"One who has doubt or Zann (presumptions) and lives with one of these conditions, Allah turns his deeds fruitless. '"_

(Usool e Kafi Kitab Kufr o Iman chapter 298 hadith 8)

Before concluding this chapter, I think I should give you some examples of conflicting Fatwas from the same person on the same issues, so that the discussion may be completed. These have been taken from the book 'Islamic Government And The Rule Of The Jurist', by Agha e Khomeini.

With regard to smuggling he says on page 9: 'I am amazed at the way these people think. They kill people for possessing ten grams of heroin and say, "That is the law" Inhuman laws like this are concocted in the name of a campaign against corruption, and they are not to be regarded as harsh. I am not saying it is permissible to sell heroin, but this is not the appropriate punishment. The sale of heroin must indeed be prohibited but the punishment must be in proportion to the crime'. Later on he set the death penalty for heroin smuggling. With regard to the punishment for adultery he says on page 106: 'If a jurist wants to impose the penalty on someone for adultery, then he should follow the set procedures and have him lashed a hundred times in front of people. He should ensure that he does not inflict a single lash more or even a slap or even hold him for a day in prison. Later on, he himself issued the order for a couple in Dezful to be shot for adultery.

With regard to the formation of a government he says on page 33: 'The Islamic Republic is not one where the people have the right to elect a president'. As soon as he took the reins of power in Iran, he established a republic and had presidential elections whereby Bani Sadr was duly elected. He was also one of the people who voted. With regard to the confiscation of the status of a jurist he says on page 52: 'However, in this regard the scholars are not permanent so that they have mastership over the other scholars whereby they can install or remove any of them'. As soon as he got into power, he confiscated the status of the Mujtahid Shariatmadari to the extent that his turban and his cloak were also taken away. His hundreds and thousands of followers were left to wander aimlessly not knowing what to do.

# Eighth Chapter- Opposing Masoomeen (asws)

1.Our first one is Muhammad (s.a.w.), our middle one is Muhammad (s.a.w.) and our last one is Muhammad (s.a.w.).

2.Ali (Asws) is Nafsullah (nafs of Allah), Nafsul Rasool (saw) (nafs of RasoolAllah saw), Tongue of Allah, Face of Allah, Eye of Allah, Ear of Allah, Hand of Allah, and Side of Allah

3.They do not want except for what Allah wants.

4.They are all the Will of Allah

5.Their word is the Word of Allah and Their actions are the Actions of Allah

6.Obedience to Them is obedience to Allah and disobedience to Them is disobedience to Allah

7.Haq (truth) is with Ali (Asws) and Ali (asws) is with haq (truth). O Allah turn haq (truth) to wherever Ali (asws) turns.

I have not presented the above quotations as some sort of evidence or proof, rather I have presented those established facts that all Shia living in every sector of the world would not have the audacity to oppose. The only ones that oppose this are those in whose hearts there is enmity towards Moula Ali (asws) and go around the community dressed up in Shia garbs. We have been warned of them by Moula Ali (asws) 'Save yourselves from the people of low nature who call themselves Shia'.

The purpose of listing certain beliefs of the Shia was to draw certain conclusions from these, but it seems that these conclusions have already reached your minds. I mean, any person that opposes any of Them, fights against any of Them, lies against any of Them, rejects any of Them, issues orders against any of Their orders, equates himself with any of Them, adopts any of Their virtues, or adorns for himself any of their special titles which Allah has Allocated to Them is neither a Shia nor a Muslim, nor has he anything to do with truth. He is falsehood from head to toe. Now if anyone were to associate these kinds of people with religion then he should think twice about his own faith, for any opposition to Masoomeen (asws) is opposition to Allah.

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said, _"One who disagrees with Us has disagreed with Allah and that is shirk. "_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Aql chapter 23 hadith 10)

Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) said _, "One who knows it is a hadith of a Masoom (asws) and still denies it is a kafir (unbeliever)"._

(Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 109 hadith 1)

I have nothing against any person or his status for that matter. I have simply stated certain principles with full responsibility. If anyone has anything against these principles then he should consider now whether he wishes to accept them and be a believer or reject them and become a kafir (unbeliever). It does not concern me at all, but, if these principles cannot be denied, and surely they can never be denied, then instead of being thrown out of their Mastership it would be better if we were to bow our heads in front of these personalities and say: 'O my Master, I am with those that help You and support You, and I am an enemy to those that oppose You regardless of who he may be. I fully agree with their statement: 'Befriend one who befriends Us even if he were your father's murderer, and be an enemy to one who shows animosity towards s even if he were yourown father''.

If you have opened your mind then the discussions which are to take place in this chapter and the following ones will not appear strange to you. Neither will you get angry nor will you roll up your sleeves, but rather you will side yourselves with those that have given you the guarantee of salvation.

The love for Them and the single tear which flows in Their grief, is sufficient to put out the fire of Hell. I am convinced that you will indeed be doing this. In opposition to Masoomeen (asws), will we then ally ourselves with people whose own salvation is in doubt; and that besides some worldly gain from them there is nothing more to achieve?

Now I come to the actual point I am trying to make and would like to present before you certain questions and ask you for justice. Before I do this I would like you to read the following statement of Moula Ali (asws) from Najul Balagha pg 856 saying 154," One who assents or subscribes to the actions of a group or a party is as good as having committed the deed himself. A man who joins a sinful deed makes himself responsible for two-fold punishments, one for doing the deed and the other for assenting and subscribing to it."

•If a Masoom (asws) were to explain a Verse from the Holy Quran and another person explains it differently?

•If a Masoom (asws) issues an order and someone else issues a contradictory one?

•If a Masoom (asws) performs an act in a particular way and someone else then performs it differently?

These are just a few questions which I have presented to you in order to draw your attention to the group which opposes Masoomeen (asws) You will no doubt be able to think of many more, provided you make the effort to look around.

Although the main purpose of this entire book is to point out to the you the opposition that is being done to Masoomeen (asws), I have made this topic a separate chapter, so that your attention does not get diverted from it. Please do not depend only on this chapter as only a few examples have been given herein.

Sayings of Masoom (asws):

" _And hold fast by the rope of Allah all together and be not disunited, and remember the favour of Allah on you when you were enemies, then He united your hearts so by His favour you became brethren; and you were on the brink of a pit of fire, then He saved you from it, thus does Allah make clear to you His communications that you may follow the right way." (3:103)_

In the tafseers of Masoomeen (asws) 'rope of Allah' here refers to the Wilayat of Moula Ali (asws).

Sayings of Scholar:

The Mujtahids on the other hand say : 'It is not obligatory upon all Muslims to unite on one Sect or on one point of view, rather it is obligatory upon them to act according to the Fatwas issued by their own Mujtahids' – (Kitab e Wahabbiat Tareekh Aqaid by Syed Muhammad Qazwini)

2.TAQAYYAH

This is to hide one's faith for the protections of one's life, wealth and honour, even if one has to speak a word of disbelief for it.

Let us first see whether the mention of Taqayyah in the Holy Quran is for the beliefs or for actions.

" _Let not the believers take the unbelievers for friends rather than believers; and whoever does this, he shall have nothing of (the guardianship of) Allah, but you should guard yourselves against them, guarding carefully; and Allah makes you cautious of (retribution from) Himself; and to Allah is the eventual coming." (3:28)_

When the unbelievers had captured the parents of Ammar Yasir and tortured them to renounce their newly acquired faith and praise the idols, they refused and were killed for it. Ammaar Yasir, under compulsion, uttered the words that the unbelievers wanted to hear. He then ran towards the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) crying and questioning whether he had become a kafir. This led to the revelation of this verse which had to do with beliefs and not with actions.

Sayings of Masoom (asws):

a)Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"Nine tenths of religion is in al-Taqiyyah (cautious measures). One who does not observe al-Taqiyyah has no religion. Al- Taqiyyah must be observed in all matters except wine and wiping (a part of Wuzu) over the socks.'"_ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 225 hadith 2)

It follows from above that 90% of taqaiyyah is related to principles and beliefs rather than actions.

b)Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"As the reappearance of Qaim (atfs) draws closer, al-Taqiyyah will be more intensely needed."_ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 225 hadith 17)

c)Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, _"Al-Taqiyyah is whenever the son of Adam is compelled; Allah has made it lawful for him.'_ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 225 hadith 18)

d)Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"Protect your religion and veil it with al-Taqiyyah (protective measures); one who does not observe al-Taqiyyah has no belief.._ '' (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 225 hadith 5)

Summary of the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) and Allah:

•It is to be done for the concealment of faith.

•It is related to everything.

•It is mostly related to beliefs rather than actions.

• In our time period it should be done even more intensely.

Sayings of Scholars:

In his book 'Islamic Government'. Khomeini said: 'Taqiyyah relates to the branches (furū') of religion; for example—performing ablution in different ways. But when the chief principles of Islam and its welfare are endangered, there can be no question of silence or taqiyyah.' (Hukmat Islami ya Wilayat e Faqih pg 112)

3. Desire of obtaining LEADERSHIP AND GOVERNMENT

Sayings of Masoom (asws):

a)Imam Reza (asws) says, " _In the religion of Muslims, the greediness of power is the most detested. It is like the presence of wolves amongst the sheep who have been separated from their shepherd"._ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 245 hadith 1)

b)Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, ' _Whoever seeks leadership is destroyed.'"_ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 245 hadith 2)

c)Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) narrates Hadith e Qudsi from RasoolAllah (saw) that Allah has said, "One who sells his iman (belief) in the love of this world is destroyed". Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 245 hadith 5)

d)Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"Do you think I do not distinguish the bad from good among you? Yes, by Allah, the bad ones among you are those who love people walking behind him. Such a person is inevitably a liar or a helpless one (due to his ignorance) in his opinion.'_ " (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 245 hadith 8)

e)Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, ' _RasoolAllah (saw) says, "Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, 'Woe upon those who treacherously use religion for their worldly goals and fight those who command people to yield to justice. Woe upon those among whom the believers live frightened and hide their belief. Are they deceiving Me or that they dare to oppose Me? I swear by Allah that I will allow them to be afflicted by means of such strife whereby the most forbearing will suffer confusion.'"_ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Iman o Kufr, chapter 246 hadith 1)

Sayings of Scholars:

In his book 'Islamic Government' Khomeini says: 'This is an individual obligation and if not then a collective one'. (Hukmat Islami ya Wilayat e Faqih pg 53)

4. QIYAS (ANALOGY)

Sayings of Masoom (asws)

a)Narrator says, _"Once I askedImam Jafar Sadiq (asws), 'We may face an issue about which there is nothing said in the book of Allah or in the Sunnah, tradition of the RasoolAllah (saw) can we use our own opinion in such matters?' The Imam (Asws) replied, 'No, you must not do that. If you, in this way, find the truth you will receive no rewards for it, and if you missed the truth you have forged lies against Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious.'"_ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Aql chapter 20 hadith 1)

Sayings of Scholars:

The scholars on the other hand claim that if a Mujtahid were to issue a wrong fatwa then he will get single reward for trying, whereas if he gets it right then he will get double the reward.

I have presented before, eighteen hadeeth that Qiyas is haram, but they have categorized it into three types of which two types have been declared as halal. I have discussed this in detail before.

5.Who are AHL UL ZIKR (PEOPLE OF REMEMBRANCE)?

Sayings of Masoom (asws):

a."so ask the followers of the Remembrance if you do not know" (16:43)(21:7)(52:11)(65:10)

In Tafseer Ayyashi, Tafseer Qumi, Tafseer Safi, and Ayun al Akhbar al Reza (asws), there are numerous hadiths stating "Ahlul Bayt (asws) are Ahlul Zikr (people of rememberance)."

b)(Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 19)

1.6th and 7th Hadiths from Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws)

2.4th and 5th Hadiths from Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws)

3.8th and 9th Hadiths from Imam Reza (asws)

These nine consecutive hadiths tells us that Ahlul Zikr are none other than Ahlul Bayt (asws).

Sayings of Scholars:

The Mujtahids say that "Ahlul Zikr" is in reference to them. (Allama al Ali al Haeri Al Risala, Al Taqeed al Jihad wa Taqleed, Kitab e Wahabbiat Tareekh Aqaid by Syed Muhammad Qazwini)

I am amazed at the people who make such claims and I find it even stranger that some people actually close their ears and accept these claims although the whole Shia world accepts that the world is never without a Divine Proof. These Verses can only refer to Masoomeen (asws) as there is not restriction on what one can ask of them. I mean the restriction is not only to questions on Fiqh, but the words are that whatsoever that you do not know then ask the People of Remembrance. It was only Masoomeen (asws) that made the claim "Ask us whatever you want to know'.

Imam Reza (asws) has said: ' _An Imam(asws) is not one who replies that he does not know when asked a question'._ History bears witness that in the time of each Imam (asws) They were asked questions of various topics and they all received an answer. I don't understand how is it possible that other people had the audacity to make these claims of being the People of Remembrance and where was the intellect of the people who accepted these claims of theirs. How is it that the Hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws) escaped their attention.

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said: ' _There will also be people who will be ready to give verdicts and tell the people to ask them whatever they want despite the fact that they may not even be able to explain a single word correctly. Allah does not befriend such people'_ – (Al Khisal pg no 86)

6. KHUMS

Sayings of Masoom (asws)

(8:1] [17:26] [ 59:7] [ 59:8]

In these verses, Khums and the spoils of war is the right of Allah, RasoolAllah (saw), the near of kin, the orphans, the poor and the travellers. You can go through all the commentaries of Ahlul Bayt (asws) and you will realise that the near of kin referred to here are Masoomeen (asws) The right of Allah is Theirs and so is the right of RasoolAllah (saw) As far as the right of the poor and the orphans and the travellers is concerned, this is also for the relatives of RasoolAllah (saw). The non- Syeds are not entitled to anything and even in narrations you will find that it is the right of the Syeds even if they are rich.

Sayings of Scholar:

Agha e Khomeini has said in his book, Islamic Government: 'such a tax is not merely the upkeep of the sayyids or the religious scholars, but on the contrary, something far more significant—namely, meeting the financial needs of the great organs and institutions of government'. (Hukmat Islami wa Wilayat e Faqih pg no 19)

7. Zahri (apparent) rule of Imam (asws) and its batin (unseen) association with His wilayat

Sayings of Masoom (asws):

•It is established from Shia books that Imam Mahdi (atfs) will make decisions based on His knowledge and not on the strength of witnesses, just like Prophet Dawood (a.s.) used to do.

•In the time of Moula Ali (asws) during the battle of Siffin on the Night of Hareer, the battle started in the morning and continued overnight until the next morning. During this period the time for Prayers (Namaaz) passed by. Neither did Moula Ali (asws) tell the combatants to pray the Prayer of Fear nor did he tell them to make up their missed Namaaz later on.

From the above two examples of the actions of Masoomeen (asws) we can understand that an Imam (asws) can and does use His batin (unseen) wilayat for His apparent governance. There is a deep relationship between the two aspects.

Sayings of Scholar:

Khomeini said in his book Islamic Government: 'This thing (Batini (unseen) Wilayat) has nothing to do with the government and caliphate'. (Hukmat Islami wa Wilayat e Faqih pg 54-55)

8.THE METHOD FOR RUKOO (BOWING)

Sayings of Masoom (asws):

a)Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) said: ' _In Rukoo place both the palms of yourhands on your knees, placing the right hand before the left hand, level your backand forward your neck'_ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Salat, chapter 23 hadith 1)

b)Imam Ali (a.s.) said: _'Whosoever does not level his back in Rukoo, his Prayer is not correct'_ " (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Salat, chapter 23 hadith 1)

Three points can be extracted from the above two Hadeeth:

1.The palms must rest on the knees.

2.The back must be level straight.

3.Without these two the Prayer is not correct.

Sayings of Scholar:

Khomeini says: 'In every cycle of prayer, you should bow down such that your hands should be placed on your hips, and this is known as Rukoo. If you cannot place both hands on your knees then it is not a problem'.(Tawzihul Masail Jadeed Khomeini pg no 159)

9. What is to be recited in the 3rd and 4th rakats of prayer?

Towqee Misbar e Imam e Zamana (atfs):

In a written reply of Imam Mahdi (atfs) He says: 'In both these rakat the recitation of Surah Al Fatiha abrogates the 'Tasbeehat e Arba'. However, that person can recite it who thinks that the recitation of Surah Al Fatiha will lead to forgetfulness or deteriorate his health'. (In other words the Tasbeehat e Arba can only be recited under those two conditions, otherwise only Surah Al Fatiha should be recited).

Sayings of Scholar:

In his Tawzih, Agha e Khomeini says: 'It is better to recite the Tasbeeh in both the cycles'. (Tawzihul Masail Jadeed Khomeini pg 158)

10. MAJOR SINS

**Sayings of Masoom (asws):** _"There are seven major sins"_

(Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Kufr o Iman, chapter 240 hadith 2, 3, and 14)

Sayings of Scholar:

According to the Mujtahids, the list of major sins is so long that I begin to wonder whether there is any such thing as a minor sin. I have in my possession the third volume of the Mujtahid Agha e Dastghayb Shirazi's book on sins, and I don't even know how many more are to follow.

The opposition that has taken place against Masoomeen (asws) is of great length. I suggest that you read this book once more, and in fact read it a few times so that you will realise that the main purpose of all these Mujtahids is to divert the people away from the Marji'at of Masoomeen (asws) and towards their own Marji'at whilst giving the impression that they are advancing the mission of Masoomeen (asws). These people have now transferred all the rights and titles of Masoomeen (asws) to themselves, and have given the impression to the people that they are the representatives of Imam (atfs) during His Ghaybat (occultation).

As per the statement of Mufti Ja'afar Hussain, the orders of the Mujtahids are sufficient for their followers. In other words, their followers have no need to refer to the Holy Quran and the Hadeeth. What I am trying to say is that if we were able to get along without the need of these mujtahids after the demise ofRasoolAllah (saw) then why is there a need for mujtahids now during Ghaybat e Kubra (major occultation)? My ears are burning after listening to debates against the people of saqifa from the pulpits. After all, what faults had the people of Saqifa committed? The mujtahids of today are doing the same exact actions as the people of saqifa. The people of saqifa replaced a Masoom (asws) with an ordinary person and so have the mujtahids. Gradually, the differences between the Mujtahids and the people of Saqifa are being removed, and today they are claiming that the only differences between them are those of Furoo (Actions) and this is indeed the reality. There are many Shia books that the government has confiscated, prohibited their publication, and even banned the people from keeping them in their houses. Libraries were raided and books confiscated, but was there any religious missionary who raised his voice against these measures? This means that all this was done with their blessings. Mujtahids have complied with this because they have realised that if the correct beliefs as taught by Masoomeen (asws) were to fall into the hands of the people then their businesses would shut down.

So far I have only raised the issue of the opposition to Masoomeen (asws) and you may have been surprised. However, I have present each and every argument of mine with evidence and proofs. This is why I am certain that you will not reject the statements of Masoomeen (asws) and accept the words of the ordinary people. If you come to a crossroads, then you will no doubt take the road that has been indicated by Masoomeen (asws)

## Hatred of Masoomeen (asws)

Do not be surprised when you are told that the whole marja'iat system is based on opposition of Masoomeen (asws). Otherwise you will get even more shocked later on because the word I have used 'opposition' is a very mild term. It is not a question of just opposition but it goes even further. I will prove to you in this chapter that in actual fact it is a matter of hatred with Masoomeen (asws) that forms the basis of the system. Mujtahids are making the people to do such things that will cause them to become deserving of the curses of Masoomeen (asws). The fate of such people is destruction, and to become the fuel of the fire of Hell. Those that doubt this fate of theirs are munafiqs (hypocrites). Come, let me show you such a statement of Imam Ali (asws) bin Hussain (asws)'s from Sahifa E Kamila, that after listening to it you will lament your previous life and will cry over those that put you on this road of yours. Yes, those that repent and hold on to Masoomeen (asws) and stopped usurping Their rights, Their forgiveness has been promised by Allah.

Before I present to you the statement of this Masoom (asws), let me tell you something about the book Sahifa E Kamila. This is a book of supplications. If you were to even ponder a little bit you will see that from the Torah to the Holy Quran, from the Hadeeth of RasoolAllah (saw) to the Hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws) all have been subjected to doubt and distortions by a large group of people who even believe in alterations to have taken place in the Holy Quran.

However, Sahifa E Kamila is such a book that from its inception up until today neither friend nor foe has had the audacity to point a finger at it. It is an established fact among the Shias that these are one hundred percent the statements of a Masoom (asws). It therefore follows that rejection of these statements is equal to casting doubt on Allah and rejecting the statements of Allah.

Before I present to you this supplication from Sahifa E Kamila, I would like you to cast aside any bias or doubts that you may have in your hearts and make the intention that: 'O Allah! I seek refuge in you from that I should cast doubt on your Proof or reject him. O my Master! Do not make me from among those on whom the Imam (asws) has cursed and save me from punishment'.

SERMON 48 – SUPPLICATION FOR Eid ul Adha AND FRIDAY

'O God! This station belongs to Your vicegerents, Your chosen ones while the place of Your trusted one in the elevated degree which You have singled out for them have been forcibly stripped! But You are the Ordainer of that, Your command is not overcome, the inevitable in Your governing is not overstepped! However You Will and whenever You will! In that which You Know best, You are not accused for Your creation or Your Will! Then Your selected friends, Your vicegerents, were overcome, vanquished, forcibly stripped; they see Your Decree replaced, Your Book discarded, Your obligations distorted from the aims of Your Laws, and the Sunnah of Your Prophet abandoned. O God! Curse their enemies among those of old and the later folk, and all those pleased with their acts, and their adherents and followers!'

You have now read what the Imam (asws) has said in His supplication. There is nothing complicated in this supplication, and it is my belief that whosoever has even an inkling of truth in his heart will have understood what the Imam (asws) has said.

Mufti Ja'far Hussain on pg 381 of his said about this: 'The Imam (asws) has clearly stated a few commands in this supplication. The Friday Prayers and the Prayers for the two Eids are exclusively for the Holy Imams (asws) and no other person has got the right to perform these. Abdullah Ibn Dinar has narrated from Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) that: 'O Abdullah! Be it the Eid of Azha or Fitr of the Muslims, the grief and sorrow of the Family of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) is freshened anew'. So I asked the reason for it and He replied: 'It is because they see Their rights in the hands of the others'.

In this way the right of the leadership of the Friday Prayers is not for anyone other than a Masoom (asws). Now that you have read what the Mufti has commented about this, then the gist of the supplication will have become even clearer to you. The Mufti has tried to hide half the truth here and only restricted himself to the 'Friday Prayers and the two Eids', and skipped over the curse part. The Holy Imam (asws) has cursed three types of people in this supplication:

1.The prayer leaders of the Friday Prayers and the two Eids.

2.Those that pray behind these leaders.

3.Those that neither lead these prayers nor pray behind them, but are happy with these happenings.

This Hadeeth about being an enemy to Masoomeen (asws) is so well known that you have probably heard it since childhood and is on the tongues of virtually every person. RasoolAllah (saw) said toMoula Ali (asws): 'Even if a person were to recite so many prayers that his back would become bent like a bow, fast so many fasts that he becomes thin, gives in the way of Allah gold and silver the size of the mountain of Ohad, and gets killed whilst doing SA'EE (The running between Safa and Marwa) in an oppressed state, O Ali (Asws)! If that person keeps You as an enemy then that person will be flung headlong into Hell'.

In another Hadeeth RasoolAllah (saw) said: 'O Ali (asws)! No one will love you except one who is a halali (legitimate birth) and no one will hate you except one who is a harami ( illegitimate birth)'.

The situation is so delicate that it is possible these words may have hurt some people, but they cannot hold anything against me. If they have the courage and the audacity then they should put up a fight against Masoomeen (asws) and say openly that they will not listen to Masoomeen (asws) and will only listen to their Mujtahids. As far as the explanation is concerned, then each and every sect of the Muslims produces evidence from the Holy Quran in justification for their beliefs and faith. The reality is that this supplication is so clear that no one will doubt it except a munafiq (hypocrite).

Imam (asws) has not restricted His statements to a particular time period and so it is applicable even today. The leading of these prayers is either for Masoomeen (asws). This principle does not change simply because circumstances have changed. This does not mean that once Imam e Zamana (atfs) went into ghaybat (occultation) then whosoever wishes can usurp these rights and adorn them for himself.

When Imam (atfs) makes His appearance then these conditions will be met and not before and so until such time these prayers, as they are congregational, cannot be recited.

Mufti Ja'far Husayn himself agrees to this: 'In the Friday Prayers and the Prayers for the two Eids, one of the conditions is the person of Imam (asws) Himself. Therefore, it follows that when the Imam (asws) is not here then these Prayers cannot be obligatory upon us, and whosoever leads them or follows them or is content with these being done, will come under the curse of Masoomeen (asws)."

Can any one with intellect accept that when Allah has Commanded the Friday Prayer to be prayed only in the presence of a Masoom Imam (asws) that someone will use his opinion to declare the presence of a Masoom Imam (asws) to be unimportant, change the wajib to "wajib takreeh" and then himself stand up to lead these prayers? Furthermore those who are enthusiastic about prayers would then join them in this by casting aside this condition? This problem has been so illuminated that anyone who has an inkling of the fear of Allah in him will never be disobedient in this regard and will save himself from the road which leads straight to Hell.

In this complete darkness, some Mujtahids have seen a ray of light and have issued Fatwas that Friday Prayers during the ghaybat (occultation) of Imam e Zamana (atfs) are forbidden. I am listing nine of these Mujtahids from the book Al Risala.

1. Allamah Noorullah Shustary (Shaheed e Thalith)

2. Maulana Hamza Salaad

3. Maulana Jalil Qazwini

4. Maulana Sheikh Ali Naqi

5. Maulana Muhammad Bin Idrees (Author of Sharai Ul Islam)

6. Maulana Hassan Bin Abdullah Tastary

7. Maulana Abdullah Bin Al Hajj Muhammad Touie

8. Maulana Ismail Mazandarani

9. Maulana Sheykh Suleiman Bin Ali Bin Abi Tayyib Al Shakhuri

People have abandoned their responsibilities in matters of religion so much so that today neither are they aware of the beliefs of the religion or its history. The reality is that during the Ghaybat (occultation), the Shias had never recited the Friday Prayers. This plague first started in Iran and India. This was first led in Lucknow by the Mujtahid Dildar Hussain Gufran. These Muslims started mocking those who do not pray the Friday Prayers. Therefore, in order to please their elder brothers they have accepted being the accursed by Masoomeen (asws).

As for the Prayers of the two Eids, this is the icing on the cake. I have gone through the Tawzeehs of Agha e Khomeini, Al Khoie, Shirazi, Al Araki and have found the words: 'As far as the prayers for the two Eids are concerned this was obligatory during the time of Masoomeen (asws) but during the Ghaybat (occultation) these are mustahab (recommended) acts'.

Along with this, in all their books I have found only one command of theirs regarding mustahab (recommended) prayers: 'The mustahab (recommended) prayers cannot be recited in congregation except for the 'Istisqa' in beseeching for the rainfall'.

Who is this 'person of power' whose control over matters is so wide that he has made this individual wajibat (obligatory act) of Allah into a mustahab (recommended) deed based upon his own opinion and then gets people to act on this? To consider the deeds that have been made wajib (obligatory) in certain circumstances by Allah to be obligatory in all circumstances and simply have to be done is not right. Allah has placed certain conditions which must be met on every act that He has deemed as wajib (compulsory), e.g. Prayers, Fasts, Hajj, Zakat, Khums, Jihad etc. If the attached conditions are not met then these acts are not wajib (obligatory). The Prayers of the two Eids also have conditions, one of which is the presence of a Masoom Imam (asws). What logic is this that if the conditions are not met then instead of praying with niyyat wajibat (intention that it is obligatory) let us now pray together with the intention of a mustahab (recommended) act. The purpose here is not obedience of Allah but rather it is the madness to please the elder brothers.

Secondly, if you are reciting these prayers as mustahab (recommended) acts then why are you doing so in congregation when the Fatwa of your own Mujtahid is that it cannot be done as such? All of them have only one answer to give. We are praying this with the intention of 'Ba Rajaae Matloobiyat'. You go and ask them for the meaning of this term. My only question is why have you been criticizing the Taraweeh Prayers of your elder brothers throughout the centuries? Maybe they will also give the same answer as you did. 'Ba Rajaae Matloobiyat'. At least now the reality has dawned upon us here through this. Apparently there are two sects, but in reality they are one and the same. Whatever I have said so far in this chapter is sufficient for those who think and want to understand. I have proven the opposition of the mujtahids to Masoomeen (asws) through their Fatwas and their animosity towards Masoomeen (asws) through the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) Themselves. But this animosity is not so ordinary that it is restricted to the Prayers for the two Eids and the Friday Prayers. It is spread out everywhere.

Animosity is on two aspects, life and glory. The enemies of the life of Masoomeen (asws) can be seen everywhere in history. The enemies of Their glory can be found in Their writings and I will show them to you.

## QUNOOT OF EID PRAYERS

You have just read about the Prayers for the two Eids. Let us now look at one of its most horrifying aspects, the supplication that is recited nine times in the Qunoot of the Prayer for Eid. Look at this supplication very carefully and then think how many times in your life you have earned the Wrath of Allah by the recitation of this. I do not want you to be in a state of despair from the door of repentance, but the crime is so grave that you will have to rub your head into the ground to ask for forgiveness. I don't think that it is possible to insult Masoomeen (asws) any more than what is being done in this supplication that is recited in Qunoot. They are making you recite two sentences in Qunoot which are blasphemous.

1.Ana ta dakhalni kul khair idakhalat feha Muhammadin wa Aal e Muhammad (asws)

" _And You may enter me into every of goodness with which You have entered uhammad (s.a.w.) and the Household of Muhammad (asws)"_

Now think over this sentence. Anyone with a little bit of sense will be able to understand that when someone is told to enter, then it means that he must have been outside first, or else he cannot be told to enter. What you are saying is that there was a time period when Masoomeen (asws) (maazAllah) were outside all goodness and then They were told to enter into them and so They did. You can imagine what state a person would be in if he is outside of all goodness.

However, Masoomeen (asws) have stated that They are the essence of all goodness Themselves; meaning that They existed before any goodness existed. Goodness came into existence through the acts of Masoomeen (asws). Any one who performs a good deed and does not have in his mind that Masoomeen (asws) are the source of all goodness then his good deeds will go to waste. Those who claim to be Shia, scream and scream at least nine times that Masoomeen (asws) were outside of all goodness and it was only after some time that Allah put Them into it. O Lord! Even after bestowing so much 'honour' on these pure personalities at least eighteen times a year, the Shia still remain Shia.

On top of this ugly insult, there is another point to think about and that is the desire to equate yourself with Masoomeen (asws) in Their goodness. The second sentence is even more dangerous than the first one.

2."Ana takhrajni min kul sua akhrajat minha Muhammad (saw)wa Aal e Muhammad (asws)"

" _And that You take me out from every evil from which You have taken out Muhammad (s.a.w.) and the Household of Muhammad (asws)"_

According to this sentence, you must accept that there was a time when Masoomeen (asws) (maazAllah) were immersed in every act of evil. Then Allah took Them out. The words used here are 'every evil', meaning that there is no evil in which They did not participate in its commission before They were taken out of it.

May Allah's Wrath descend upon these people who make these insulting assertions and those that are happy with them making these. Even now if someone does not open his eyes, then he should understand that his animosity towards Masoomeen (asws) has been increased.

I spoke about this Qunoot with a Mullah and he presented a strange defence to this. He said that the Arabic term 'Akhraj' means to keep far away. Then I was convinced that this new logic is not based on ignorance but it is a deliberate act of hatred. This Mullah is not that naive that he cannot differentiate between the simple Arabic terms of 'Akhraj' and 'Azhab'. Everywhere the term 'Azhab' is used to denote 'keeping away from' like in the Ayah of Purification (33:33).

You can look this up in any dictionary, and if you were to come across anywhere the term 'Akhraj' has been used to mean 'keeping away', then I accept my responsibility. This is all nothing but deliberate hatred towards Masoomeen (asws) and nothing else.

## Hatred of the Knowledge of Masoomeen (asws)

1.The foundation of the Shia sect is its belief of the Infallibility of Masoomeen (asws) and the basis of this infallibility is knowledge.

2.Upon the creation of the human beings it was decided that the scale of virtue is knowledge.

3." And those who disbelieve say: You are not a messenger. Say: Allah is sufficient as a witness between me and you and whoever has knowledge of the Book."(13:43)

4.Quran claims there is absolutely nothing that is not contained within Kitab e Mubeen. (6:59)

5.Quran claims there is nothing apparent or hidden that is not contained with in Kitab e Mubeen. (27:75)

6.It has been proven from above that whosoever has the knowledge of the Book will have the knowledge of the unseen and of everything. He will be a witness as well as have the knowledge of the apparent and the hidden. Imam Reza (asws) says, "Imam (asws) is one who when questioned will never say he does not know".

Moula Ali (asws) said, "Ask Me! Ask Me! Before you lose Me".

You have had a glimpse of the extent of the knowledge of Masoomeen (asws) from the above points. It is not possible to fully understand the extent of Their knowledge. To point accusing fingers at Them is to find fault with the Actions of Allah. Somebody posed a question at Imam Musa Kazim (asws), "What is meant by the phrase 'Allah is Knowledgeable'?" Imam (asws) replied: 'This means that Allah has created someone who has the knowledge of every thing'. In other words, He would possess the knowledge about every particle of the universe. I have stated in the beginning that the Shia religion is based on the infallibility of Masoomeen (asws) which is in turn based on knowledge. So, if a person were to find fault with Their knowledge then that would put Their infallibility in doubt as well. If there infallibility is put into doubt, then the whole Shia religion would collapse. Let us now see what the scholars of religion have to say.

1.(Al Risalat pg 138 ref Al Shafi by Syed Murtadha)

In the time of Syed Murtadha (one of the first Shia Mujtahids), the Sunni scholar Abdul Jabbar wrote an objection to the knowledge of Masoomeen (asws). He said:

'We, the Sunnis agree that the Imams of the Shia do have the knowledge necessary for Their position of Imamate, but you Shia consider it obligatory for your Holy Imams (asws) to possess all the knowledge which has no bearing on Their Imamate. This belief means that They possess the knowledge of the unseen'. Syed Murtadha replied to this on behalf of all the Mujtahids.

"Honourable judge, I hereby proclaim on behalf of the Shia that we also have the same beliefs that you do. We also believe that the Holy Imams (asws) are only knowledgeable to the extent it is necessary, in the performance of Their duties as Imams. We do not accept that They possessed all other knowledge including that of the unseen, and we seek refuge in Allah from this belief. You can rest assured that it is my responsibility to spread this belief among the Shia. Was-Salaam."

It can be seen from the letter of this Sunni scholar that the belief of Masoomeen (asws) having the knowledge of the unseen was so widespread amongst the Shia that even the Sunnis knew about this. It is impossible that a scholar like Syed Murtadha would be unaware of such a belief. Therefore only three conclusions can be drawn from this.

1. Syed Murtadha had completely rejected the beliefs of the Shia pertaining to the knowledge of Masoomeen (asws)

2. He was making amendments to this doctrine.

3. He had promised to spread these amended beliefs among the Shia.

I reserve my comment on this enemy of Masoomeen (asws) and will only reply to him through the words of Masoomeen (asws) which are quoted in the book Al RISALA.

•Moula Ali (asws) Master of the Universe has said: 'I have the knowledge of Lowa Mahfooz (Guarded Tablet). Allah gave this knowledge to Me'.

•Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said: "O Mufazzal! Whosoever is under the assumption that there is something which is written on the Guarded Tablet which Masoomeen (asws) are not aware of is a kafir."

You have read the replies of Masoomeen (asws) Now I am free from all blame. Let me now present to you the Fatwa of Mujtahid of Lucknow Maulana Naasir Hussain (Naasir Ul Millat).

2. 'The knowledge of reading and writing was given to RasoolAllah (saw) from Allah after the declaration of His prophethood.

•There is also a possibility that Moula Ali (asws)'s knowledge was acquired from some one else or maybe it was from Allah.The first case seems to be more correct although I have not come across this from any book of history as to who He had acquired it from. Allah Knows best. – **(Kashful Asrar Page No. 171.)**

If you would like to have a more detailed explanation of this Fatwa, then you should read the book Kashful Asrar. A lot of veils will be lifted from your eyes and you will be more convinced of their hatred towards Masoomeen (asws). What I would like to say to this Mufti is: 'Sir, if you could not find any historical reference, nor any reference from Hadeeth of the acquisition of knowledge of Imam Ali (asws) from another person, then how did this become 'more correct' in your view?'. There is always a reason to give preference to one thing over the other unless of course it is your heart's desire. Then you just prefer one over the other. Therefore, it is clear that it is your desire that Moula Ali (asws) should have acquired His knowledge from someone else the same way in which you did. For if you declare otherwise, then you cannot equate yourself with Him.

•At least the Mufti has regarded RasoolAllah (saw) as having acquired the knowledge of reading and writing after the declaration of His prophethood, but Syed Murtadha thinks that RasoolAllah (saw) did not acquire this even after the declaration of His prophethood – (Kashful Asrar pg 180)

•As you have seen that the Mufti has been pointing out the 'deficiencies' in a Masoom Imam (asws), now look at what epitaphs have been given to him – 'Kaaba tul Imaan' (The kaaba of faith) and 'Ma'dan Imaan Wal Islam' (The Centre of Faith and Islam). SubhanAllah! **(Kashaful Asrar pg 183)**

## Hatred of the Azadari of Imam Hussain (asws)

After the event that transpired in Karbala in 61 AH, the mourning and lamentations of Imam Hussain (asws) have been the purpose of the lives of us Shia. If all the tears that have flowed in the outpour of grief and mourning for Imam Hussain (asws) were to be collected, they would become an ocean. From the first Majalis of Syeda Zainab (sa) in Damascus up to this day where Majalis are taking place almost everywhere, this flow of tears shows no signs of stopping, and InshaAllah will not stop until the Day of Judgement. As soon as the moon of Muharram was sighted, Masoomeen (asws) could always be found sitting in grief and mourning the atrocities that were commited against Imam Hussain (asws). If the name of Imam Hussain (asws) was mentioned in front of Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) then for the whole of that day nobody ever saw Him smile. The Shia are proud of the fact they are the fruits of the supplication of Syeda Fatima Zahra (sa). In fact it is the purpose of their creation that they should sit in mourning for Imam Hussain (asws) and await the coming of their Imam (atfs.) who is Mahzer (manifestation) of Allah's attributes and whose purpose of return is to avenge the blood of Imam Hussain (asws). The Shia have only two things to do, mourn and wait.

Apart from this no other responsibility has been placed on the shoulders of the Shia. There is nothing in the sayings, orders, or actions of Masoomeen (asws) instructing the Shias to do anything other than these two things. They only gave one message: 'Whosoever mourns for Imam Hussain (asws) or makes others cry for Him or even expresses grief from his face then the Garden of Paradise is obligatory upon him'. Now, how come it has become obligatory? You go and ask Them as They own it and it is in Their control. It is up to Them who They give it to and who They don't.

•Imam Hussain (asws) said: ' _It is our right that, for whoever has shed even a single tear for Us, Allah should Grant him a place in the Garden of Paradise'_ **-( Al Balagaht Ul Hussain (asws) pg 250)**

•He (a.s.) also said **:** _'I am being killed as a stranger. When a mominremembers Me, then he will cry over Me'_ **.( Al Balagaht Ul Hussain (asws) pg 275)**

In Sura Furqan ayah 70, Allah has stated that the evil deeds of some people will be changed into good ones.Please understand this properly. The sins are not being pardoned here. They are actually being converted into good deeds. You should now think over this in isolation as to what kind of people are these that are so beloved of Allah that He does not even want to embarrass them or make them face remorse in any way that He is simply converting their evil deeds into good ones. Now refer back to the two Hadeeth of Imam Hussain (asws) quoted above. Today when they turn the Hussainiyas into their political arenas and instigate trouble and strife amongst the people as well as commissioning terrorist activities in the name of Imam Hussain (asws) they are giving the Shia sect itself a bad name. The result of all this has been the wholesale massacre of the Shia in Pakistan and there is no one to stop this.

Let us ask Imam Hussain (asws) as to what His mission was:

• _The place of my death has been fixed and I am going there. (Balaghatul Hussain (asws) pg no 120)_

• _Whoever among you can absorb the wound of a sword of a spear should come with us otherwise be separate from here.(Balaghatul Hussain (asws) pg no 128)_

• _I am not embarking upon this to achieve authority, or to spread strife and injustice in the land, but I am doing this for the correction of the ummah of My Grandfather and the Shia of My Father Ali (asws) ibn Abi Talib (as).(Balaghatul Hussain (asws) pg no 204)_

• _The Banu Umayya reduced My status amongst the people and I was patient, they looted My belongings and I remained patient, but now they are bent upon taking My life, therefore in order to protect My life I am leaving.(Balaghatul Hussain (asws) pg no 127)_

The following points can be made from the above quotations:

1. According the command of Allah,striving to protect one's life is to act upon the apparent command.

2. As Imam Hussain (asws) was the Mashiat (will) of Allah, He knew that despite His efforts His life would not be saved and so He told His companions accordingly.

3. Imam Hussain (asws)'s purpose was neither to fight a war, nor to form a government, nor to spread strife in the land. His mission was to correct the Shia.

What is meant by correction here? Are you telling me that the Shia had stopped reading namaaz? Did they no longer keep fast? Had they stopped performing hajj? Is this why Imam Hussain (asws) made His stand? Or maybe the Shia did not know the correct way to perform these tasks? Or maybe they were not aware of the procedures of obligatory baths? No person of intellect will accept this. It was the beliefs of the Shia which were being eroded by the Banu Umayya that Imam Hussain (asws) wanted to correct. This is the reason why only seventy two people came out of their houses to help Him and the rest saved their lives. This fear of death was a result of their weak beliefs and not their weakness in reading namaaz or fasting.

You have heard the reasons for Imam Hussain (asws)'s stand from His own words. Some historians have written all sorts of reasons in their books, like coveting the government and that He was killed by His own Grandfather's sword because He stood against the caliph of the time. History books over the centuries have borne witness that the Shia scholars and the people have claimed that Imam Hussain (asws) made His stand for no other reason than the protection of Tawheed (Oneness of Allah), and that is why one of His titles is 'Dalil Ala Tawheed' (Proof of the Oneness of Allah). The Khwaja of Ajmer has put this in his words 'Haqqa Ke Bina La Ila Ast Husayn' (The basis of the Oneness of Allah is Hussain asws).

Some people hungry for authority have discovered that the sayings of the Sunnis are correct, and that is why they have separated the grief of Imam Hussain (asws) from His mourning. They have turned the gatherings of mourning into tools for establishing the government of the scholars.. This is to the extent that is has been said that if these majalises do not establish the rule of the scholar then they are useless.

Agha Sharif Ud Din Musawi, in his book 'Usool E Azadari' (The Principles Of Mourning' states: 'The mourning of Imam Hussain (asws) in the eyes of Masoomeen (asws) is a political event'. What this means that if Masoomeen (asws) did not take any political advantage out of this then why shouldn't we? And so to achieve this aim they have pressed hard on the speakers and the poets to politicise the majalis and you can see the effects of this happening around you these days. I shall now show you how the Masoomeen (asws) have refuted this and what should our responsibilities be in our time.

• _When someone posed the question to Imam Hussain (asws) that who had the highest regard in His eyes, He said: 'The one who does not care in whose hands are the affairs of the world'.(Balaghatul Hussain (asws) pg no 285)_

• _And he (a.s.) also said: 'One who has loved Us for the sake of Allah then the both of Us will be with RasoolAllah (saw) like these two fingers of mine. The one who loves Us for the sake of this world, then whether good or bad, the world always comes to everyone'.(Balaghatul Hussain (asws) pg no 230)_

•' _People are the slaves of this world. So long as they are getting their livelihood from it they will take care of it, but when they fall into trials then only a few of them remain religious'.(Balaghatul Hussain (asws) pg no 261)_

As for our responsibilities during ghaybat (occultation), He said in a sermon: 'Therefore sit tight until such time as the signs of His appearance are not witnessed'. In order to be brief, I shall discuss this Hadeeth in the chapter on revolution later on.

## Hatred of Nohas and Marsiyas

The Mujtahids have, for some time now, prohibited nohas and marsiyas about Imam Hussain (asws) on the basis of the Hadeeth: 'Music/Singing (Ghina) is worse than adultery'. In other words, first they assumed them to be in the ambit of 'Ghina', and then issued the fatwas accordingly. This is the result of issuing Fatwas based on qiyas and shak (conjectures, analogies and doubts). They have done this despite the risk that they would be deserving the anger of Syeda Fatima (sa) and what would be the position of the one She is displeased with. Her Son's remembrance is taking place and the fire of Hell is being doused by the tears that are flowing from the eyes of the participants. Their minds are concentrating on the grief of the tragedy and hearts are being hardened against Their enemies, but these guys have nothing to do with all this. They are only concerned with their followers, and so not only fatwas are being issued in matters of Fur'oo, but now they are interfering with beliefs as well.

The whole mischief started when they classified these nohas as music and singing. Their followers did not even have the inspiration to ask, 'Sir, can you please define music so that we may place some value to your fatwa?' If someone were to declare theft as being prohibited but does not define it or prohibits adultery without having defined it, then these rulings would be meaningless.

Now if I were to say something then some people would raise objections on the basis that they do not consider me a scholar. Therefore, they will not listen to me. Okay, so I will not say anything, but the pleasure would be when they themselves admit that they are wrong. I will now quote you from a Mujtahid about whom Khomeini has referred to as a 'son of Islam', 'path of the Prophet of Islam and the 'Remembrance of Imam Hussain (asws)', and is the author of 'Gunahane Kabira' (Major Sins).

Agha e Abdul Husayn Dastagahib Shirazi has defined music and singing in his book as: "Every sound that is produced for entertainment and is capable of exciting passion is known as singing' and is haram." Can anyone explain to me how the Marshiyas and Nawhas would fit into the above definition of singing?

Dr. Ali Shariati in his book 'Zikr O Zakireen' (Remembrance and the Recitors) has a chapter entitled 'The Prohibition of Music and Singing'. He has discussed this in detail and says: "Singing and playing is that music which arouses feelings of love and animal desires". Now I would like to request those who walk away from the Marsiyas and Nohas when they are being recited, that they should ask for forgiveness from Syeda Fatima (asws) and beat their chests and see what feelings they get.

## Bombing in the shrine of Imam Reza (asws)

Abul Fariq Wasiti in his book 'Anwaar Ul Iqaan' quoting from a person who used to work for the British Embassy in Iran, says: 'For a long time now the Russians and the British have been dreaming to take control of Iran. The northern part of Iran was under the influence of the Russians whereas the influence of the British was more pronounced in the South. The Russians bought the iman (faith) of one Mujtahid by the name of Syed Tahir and made him their agent. He then started speaking out against the Russians and inflamed the fire of rebellion amongst the people. He started throwing accusations against the government of Iran saying that it is not competent enough to stand up to the Russians and free its people from their influence. He said that he will, on the orders of the Imam Mahdi (atfs), declare jihad on the Russians, and for which he used to go to many places to speak out. After some time thousands heeded his call and gathered around him. He then told them that I have received advice from Imam Reza (asws) that when you see a sword coming out of my Zareeh (tomb) you can start the Jihad, and that time is very near and I am also awaiting instructions from the Holy Imam (asws). In those days he used to make speeches in the courtyard of the Holy Shrine and kept on inflaming the people. Then there was a sound of cannon fire from the Russian Embassy, which as per their scheme was empty.He shouted 'Miracle! A miracle has happened! The cannon did not reach us and could not harm us!' This made the people even more courageous. Then there was a second fire and the same thing repeated itself. The crowd went wild. Then he came down from the pulpit and walked away. People kept shouting for him to declare Jihad but he was nowhere to be seen. Then the real cannons started falling on the people and thousands were massacred. The whole courtyard was full of the blood of the people.

## Boycotting the attributes of Masoomeen (asws)

In order to strengthen their own Marjiat these people have made it their mission to suppress the attributes of Masoomeen (asws). This claim does not require any proofs and in fact you may even bear witness to this yourselves. They have prepared a group which considers it prohibitive to speak the attributes of Masoomeen (asws) from the pulpits and they spend all their time explaining the problems of Fiqh, and the virtues of Iran. Yes, they do recite the injustices against Imam Hussain (asws) so that the people would think that a Majlis has indeed taken place. The reason is that the recitation of the 'Masaaib' (injustices) does not harm them in any way.

The people then return home after the majalis. The danger to the scholars is from the attributes. If the true attributes of Masoomeen (asws) were to get to the people then their schemes would be ruined. In order to stop the propagation of the attributes, scholars have invented a weapon called 'Ghuloo' (exaggeration). As soon as someone speaks out the attributes of Masoomeen (asws) he gets slapped with the accusation of being a ghali (exaggerator). The situation has deteriorated to such an extent that people are now scared of being labelled as ghalis (exaggerators) and so are beginning to deny the attributes of Masoomeen (asws). One speaker went as far as saying from the pulpit: 'Enough of these attributes have been said. The time for this has now passed. It is now time for action'. Alas! I am writing a book and not speaking to you, otherwise you would have heard my reply to this in beautiful words. I am only trying to show you their animosity towards Masoomeen (asws) and that is why I am only giving you certain points otherwise this is a matter of belief. What are those attributes of Masoomeen (asws) which are being stopped from reaching the believers? What is ghuloo (exaggeration), who is a ghali (exaggerator) and who is a Mukassir (Reducer of status), who will be forgiven and who will not. For this you will have to wait for my next book which will be on the subject of beliefs.

## Claim of Being One

In following the footsteps of the Najdis, it is being claimed that we and Masoomeen (asws) are of the same type, i.e. our births are the same, just as we have been created from an impure drop, so have They, we are both under the same compulsion. Neither can They give anything to anyone nor is it right for us to beseech Them for help. Loads of books are being written on this subject e.g. 'Ahsan Al Fawaaid', 'Usool Sharia' etc.

For this mission they chose a group of seven Mullahs (Mufti Jaffar Hussain, Yaar Shah, Akhtar Abbas Baloch, Mohammed Hussain Dhakku, Hussain Baksh Jara, Ghulab Shah Multani, and Mullah Saifullah) who would shoulder all the blame whilst the rest go free. Allah has purified the earth from the filthy origins of six of them, but the environment is full of the germs that they have left behind in the form of books among the Shia. If someone were to claim that these were the beliefs of the members of that particular group alone, then I say that within that group were some Mujtahids as well. Secondly, to keep silent about someone's actions is to agree with it. In these books they have heaped insults on Masoomeen (asws) to such an extent that they have even compared Masoomeen (asws) to flies and mosquitoes. Can someone show me even one Mujtahid who has refuted any of these books? Or even condemned them by speech only? But they would only have done this if those beliefs had contradicted their own. Those of you who have had the good fortune to visit the Holy Shrine In Mashad, should have given some thought to the beliefs of the people there would definitely believe what I am saying. You will not hear the phrase 'Ya Ali' from their mouths, but rather 'Ya Allah'.

Yes, those who have written in refutation of these books have been those scholars who had clear understanding. Scholars like Allamah Muhammad Bashir Hussain Ansari Fateh Texlai (Haqail ul Wasait), Allamah Mirza Yusuf Husayn Lucknowi (Haqaiq-ul-Aqaid), Syed Abdullah Shah Abd, Allamah Muhammad Hasnain Sabiqi Multan (Rosumay Shia Fi Mizan-e-Shariya) etc. I have only summarised the situation as I do not have the audacity to write here the insults that they have attributed to Masoomeen (asws). However, if the force of your faith is persuading you to find out these and the replies to them, then I would advise you to read the Allamah Muhammad Bashir's book 'Haqaaiq Ul Wasaait'. InshaAllah, your chests will radiate with light and you will come to know the real faces of these "mujtahids".

## Rejecting the shahadat (testimony) of Wilayat e Ali (asws)

Before discussing this topic I would like to present to you certain points from the book by Allamah Nazar Hussein Qamar 'Shahadat E Wilayat E Ali (asws)':

\- 1. And then Allah said to the Pen: 'Write', and the Pen asked 'What shall I write?', and Allah said: 'There is no God but Allah, Muhammad (saw) is the messenger of Allah and Ali(saw) is the Wali of Allah" – Madinat Ul Mo'ajiz, Kifayat Ul Mo'hideen.

2. After the creation of Adam (a.s.), as soon as he raised his head, he saw written on the Throne 'There is no God but Allah, Muhammed (saw) is the Prophet of Mercy and Ali (asws) is the established Proof' – Irshad Ul Quloob.

3. The words which were taught to the angels were these – Tafseer Furaat.

4. When Allah created the heavens and the earth He ordered the announcer to announce, 'I bear witness that there is no God but Allah', I bear witness that Muhammad (saw) is the Messenger of Allah, and I bear witness that Ali (asws) is Ameerul Momineen ', three times each –Al Amali of Sheykh Sadouq.

5. RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) said: 'When I went on Me'raj (Ascension to the heavens), I saw all the eight doors of Paradise and on every door was written, 'There is no God but Allah, Muhammad (saw) is the Messenger of Allah and Ali is the Wali of Allah' – Shajar E Tooba.

6. On the Arsh (Throne), Kursi ( the Chair), Loha Mahfooz ( the Guarded Tablet), the wings of Israfeel (as) and Jibraeel (as), the shores of the Heavens and the layers of the Earth, the mountain tops, the Sun and the Moon, the same words were inscribed – Al Ihtijaj Tabarsi.

7. All Prophets testified this – Tafseer Furaat.

8. These were the words inscribed on the seal of Prophet Suleyman (a.s.). (Tafseer Burhan)

The reason for quoting the above points was to emphasise that the testimony 'Ali Un Wali Allah', is not a mere custom or personal belief but it is a reality that permeates the whole Universe. Arsh (Throne) had not been set up, Kursi (Chair) had not been placed, the heavens and the earth and the sun and the moon and stars were not established until such time as these words were inscribed on it. My Master Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws)said: 'Religion is only Wilayat'.

Wilayat is such an Attribute of Allah that overwhelms all other Attributes, and its manifestation is my Master Moula Ali (asws). Therefore not accepting the Wilayat of Ali (asws) is not accepting the Divine Wilayat of Allah, which is why Moula Ali (asws) said: 'Without My Wilayat, Tawheed will not profit you, nor will you benefit from Nabuwwat as these testimonies are obligatory with each other' – (Shahadatay Wilayat e Ali (asws), ref Muqqadma Mishkat Ul Anwaar)

It is the Wilayat of Ali (asws) which differentiates us from others. Who is there to silence the tongues of the rejectors? Have they not rejected Allah or the Prophet or Revelations? The generality of people are not aware of what to accept and what to reject. They merely follow the representatives of their religion. The history of the human race from the time of Adam (a.s.) is witness that the amendments to the religion were not made by the common people but it was the priests of the religion that made them. The people merely followed them without any question. This was the main reason for the destruction of religions. It was these priests that were responsible for the killing of seventy thousand Prophets of the Israelites. This also happened with our Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) as well. The others, in order to establish their leadership, made the claim that RasoolAllah (saw) did not leave any successor and therefore they will now take over the running of religion in their hands. The Shia disagreed vehemently and said that RasoolAllah (saw) not only left one, but two things to hold on to for guidance. This is why the traditions of 'The two weighty things', is considered fundamental in the Shia sect and is accepted by all Shia. "I am leaving for you two precious and weighty symbols that if you adhere to both of them, you shall not go astray after me. They are, the Book of Allah, and My Progeny, that is, my Ahl al-Bayt (asws). Allah has informed Me that these two shall not separate from each other till they come to me by the Pool of Paradise-Al-Kawther."

Let us now consider this hadeeth and what conclusions we can reach from it;

1. The words 'I am leaving for you', proves that it is the right of RasoolAllah (saw) to hand over the religious affairs to someone else. The people have no right over this that they should take over by their own will.

2. The Arabic word 'Thaqalayn' has been translated as two precious and weighty symbols. Their value is that they should be obeyed till the day of judgement. We have to see who bears this weight and who does not and instead, puts his own burden on other people.

3. The words, if you adhere to both of them, you shall not go astray, mean that if you were to leave either one of these, then you will definitely go astray.

4. The words, these two shall not separate from each other till they come to me by the Pool of Kauthar means that during any time period if someone were to think that the Imam (atfs) is in ghaybat (occultation) and the Holy Quran has now been left alone and so let me make my own rationalizations (Istambaat) and derive whatever meaning that I feel like, is in actual fact attributing a lie to the statement of RasoolAllah (saw).

5. This Hadeeth is showing us that religion has had no connection with non masoom and never will it have in the future. There is no room for error, doubt, suspicion, mistakes, delusions, bad intentions, interference from worldly matters, and that religion should survive in the same form that it had been first revealed.

After going through the above points, can you please tell me if there is any room for the Mullahs in this religion? Are you telling me that RasoolAllah (saw) did not know that the twelfth Imam (atfs) would go into occultation? Then why did He say "these two things will never ever separate from each other till the day of judgement"? This was only to tell us that only a Masoom (asws) can give us the understanding of a Masoom (asws). You will have to admit that even in this time of Ghaybat e Kubra (greater occultation), the meanings and explanations of the Holy Quran can only be taken from the sayings of Masoom Imams (asws) and no one else. Now if someone were to make a claim that the Holy Quran is here in front of us and so we should now extract the religious law from it by the use of 'Istambaat', (deduction,) then he is surely forging a lie against RasoolAllah (saw). This was due to the fact that the Wilayat of Moula Ali (asws) was a thorn in their side and they went on to believe the Hadeeth of Thaqalayn through their actions, by abandoning the two things and creating a third thing in the form of a group of these scholars and made it obligatory upon the people to follow them. There was no danger for them from the Holy Quran as it is silent. Neither does it stop anyone nor does it rebuke any of them. They can take whatever meaning that they like from it and it will not say anything. Their danger was from the Wilayat of Moula Ali (asws) as its radiance was so bright that not even the blind could deny it. But these people became blinder than the blind and the first thing they did was to remove the testimony of Wilayat of Moula Ali (asws) from the Adhan, Iqamah (Call to prayer), and Namaaz. They then formed a ijma (consensus) that if this testimony were to form a part of these actions then it would invalidate them. Those few scholars that gave some flexibility to Moula Ali (asws) made it a mustahab (recommended) act. There was not one among them who made it a wajib (obligatory) act. They made this so well known that it has now become common knowledge and part of people's faith. It is very strange that the denial of the 'Kulle Iman' (Complete Faith) would become faith and people do not even think about it. They have lied for so long that the lie has became known as the truth and the truth is now considered a lie. It is for this time period that Moula Ali (asws) said: 'In those days nothing will be more hidden than haq (truth) and nothing will be more apparent than batil (falsehood)."

Now, a believer should think that the one, without whose name the universe cannot be spread out, without whose testimony the prophets cannot receive their Prophethood, without the announcement of whose Wilayah the religion would have remained incomplete and it would have been as if RasoolAllah (saw) had not delivered any of the message, how is it possible that your adhan and prayers would be acceptable? This is not an opportunity for me to give details about this matter and so I am only giving you a few verses and Hadeeth. Whosoever wishes can submit to these and whosoever wishes can reject these and make his own way from there.

## Proof of the testimony of Wilayat e Ali (asws) in Kalima

Please bear in mind that in the Arabic language has two forms of plural – the dual and the plural. The plural form is only used to denote three or more.

" Whoever desires honour, then to Allah belongs the honour wholly.

To Him do ascend the good words; and the good deeds, lift them up, and (as for) those who plan evil deeds, they shall have a severe chastisement; and (as for) their plan, it shall perish."(35:10)

The form used for 'good words' here is the plural form. As I have explained before this means three or more. We have seen that wherever in the universe, be it on the divine chair (Kursi) , divine throne (Arsh) , or on the guarded tablet (Lowa Mahfooz), the third testimony has always followed the second one. Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) responding to a question about these good words said: "Al Kalima Tayab is that saying of a momin when he says "La illaha illaha Muhammadin rasulullah Aliun waliullah"- (Tafseer Saafi, Tafseer Meerat Ul Anwaar and Tafseer Burhan). And so now, if a Shia were to raise objections to this, he would be in reality be raising an objection against the words of Masoomeen (asws) Themselves-(Shahaadat E Wilaayat E Ali (asws) pg no 151)

Now, I am not aware of which 'Kalema' you are reciting, but if there is any one which reaches Allah, then it is the one which includes the third testimony. Now if someone were to recite only two testimonies time and again and fill his pouch with it in the process, then his pocket may get filled up but these words will not reach Allah.

## THE THIRD TESTIMONY IN TASHAHHUD OF NAMAAZ

(Shahadatay Wilayat e Ali (asws) pg no 167) There is an obligatory part of Namaaz which is Tashahhud, and generally after sending salutations two testimonies are recited, but when we take a look at the Holy Quran we find it clear that:

" _And those who are faithful to their trusts and their covenant And those who are upright in their testimonies, And those who keep a guard on their prayer, Those shall be in gardens, honoured."(70:32-35)_

The form used here for 'trusts' and 'covenants' is the plural one, which denotes three or more. Allah is stating the virtures of those that bear three testimonies that they have protected their prayers and they shall be in gardens as honourable people. There you are, even in the Tashahhud of namaaz, the third testimony has been proven to be obligatory. Now it is a matter of choice whether you bear the third testimony and become deserving of virtues from Allah and be honoured in the gardens of Paradise, or whether you only bear two testimonies and collect your namaaz under your prayer mat. In the Hereafter you may be disgraced, but at least in this world people will look at the quantity of your prayers and honour you accordingly.

Now, from the book Shahaadat E Wilayat E Ali (asws) pg no 173-174, I am quoting a Hadeeth from Ihtijaj Al Tabarsi which I have already quoted before and one which is stuck in the throats of the enemies of the wilayat of Moula Ali (asws).

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) after describing how the testimony of Moula Ali (asws)was found to be in every corner of the universe, said: _'And so if anyone of you were to recite the La illaha illaha Muhammidin rasulullah, he must immediately follow it up with Ali (asws) Ameerul Momineen waliullah."_ In reality, the Imam (asws) is saying, why are you leaving the third testimony out of any of your actions when you have clearly been commanded to recite this? This is the reason it is said that whosoever does not have the Wilayah of Ali (asws) none of his actions are valid.

This hadeeth is to be found in many books of the Shia and is regarded as correct. You will have noticed that Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) has not restricted the third testimony in any way and that it is to be recited immediately after the second one regardless of the time or place or action involved.

Imam Reza (asws) narrates on **page 76 in the book Al Amaali Sheykh Sadouq** a hadith qudsi where Allah Says: _'I will not accept the deeds of a person who, after testifying to the Prophethood of Muhammad (s.a.w.), does not follow it up by bearing witness to the Wilayah of Ali (asws.)'_. It is obvious that Namaaz is also a deed, and how can this deed of ours be honoured if it does not include the testimony of the Wilayah of Moula Ali (asws).

I have presented to you clear evidence from the Holy Quran as well as the statements of Masoomeen (asws) about this matter. The only people left now are those who say that they will neither listen to Allah nor to the sayings of Masoomeen (asws). We will only listen to the statements of the Mujtahid. Go and get us a Fatwa from him and then we shall recite it. But I am not even addressing these kinds of people as I want people to recite the third testimony in obedience to Allah and not in obedience to any Mujtahid.

I will now present to you a statement of a Sunni scholar because testimony from an enemy in support of truth is always considered to be reliable. In the book Al Risala pg no 133 , Abu Laith Al Harwi, a Sunni scholar has quoted Allamah Ibn Hajar Al Athqalani as saying:

"'This statement of Ali Un Wali Ullah, in the last six months of RasoolAllah (saw) and nine months afterwards, used to be recited five times a day. This gave the opportunity to the Rafizees (Shia) and they started saying this in their Adhan and Iqamahs. But they do not know that this statement had been abrogated because the Sheikhain (abu bakr la, umar la and uthma la) during their caliphate did not allow this to be recited. And if one of them was found to be reciting this then the big Sheykh Umar Farooq used to deal very harshly with them. These Rafizees cling themselves to Ali (asws) and they act upon an abrogated order. They have made it a habit to say this in their Adhan and Iqamahs and are considering it true religion. They don't know that the Sheikhan went to great lengths to stop its recitation. If its recitation was allowed then the Sheikhan would have acted upon it themselves'."

This Sunni scholar Abu Laith has stated something which the Mujtahids of the Shia have hidden from the Shia for a very long time now. Let us summarise this in points below:

1. The third testimony "Aliun waliullah" was being recited by friend as well as foe for the last six months before RasoolAllah (saw) left this world.

2. This recitation continued for nine months after RasoolAllah (saw) left this world and friend as well as foe used to recite this.

3. After the nine months the Sheikhain (abu bakr la, umar la, and uthman la) stopped its recitation.

4. I am not going to discuss whether the Sheikhain had the right or not to abrogate the hadeeth of Ghadeer, but it is quite clear from the statement of Abu Laith that the Shia used to recite this despite the severe beatings and punishments given to them by Umar Ibn Khattab (la) because they considered it to be part of their faith. They used to consider this recitation such an obligation that could not be avoided under any circumstances, even if it meant they were punished severely for reciting it.

5. Is the Hadeeth of Ghadeer abrogated in the eyes of the Shia Mujtahid as well? Why have they expelled the third testimony from the Adhan, Iqamah and namaaz, whilst acting upon the sunnah of sheikhain (The Way of the Three Sheykhs abu bakr (la), umar (la) and uthman (la)). Those that insist upon its recital have been declared by them as "ghali" (exaggerators). If they do not think that this Hadeeth has been abrogated then why are they not getting their followers to act upon this.

This chapter is now coming to its end. I have proven both the opposition as well as hatred against Masoomeen (asws). However, the discussion would not be complete until I present to you this Hadeeth of Imam Hasan Al Askari (asws) taken from Ihtijaj Al Tabarsi:

'"There is a group amongst the scholars which harbours jealousy and animosity with Our friends and lovers (Mawaalis). This group does not have the courage to openly denounce Us and speak evil about Us. This group learns from some of Our knowledge in order to gain the attention of Our Shia and lovers. When they find out that some of our simpleton Shia of little knowledge have begun to respect them, these scholars then start showing the simpleton Shia deficiencies which they claim to have found about Us, and state these in front of the enemies of Our friends. Then with the use of their qiyas and Ijtihad they exaggerate these false deficiencies of Ours despite the fact that We are far from these deficiencies. Our simple Shia, thinking that they are listening to Our knowledge, get entrapped in the web of these people and are led astray. This group affects Our Shia even more than they have been by the army of Yazeed (la) which wrought injustices on Hussain (asws) and His companions. This is because this group not only takes away the faith of Our simpleton Shia with little knowledge, but takes away their wealth as well. This group is the evil scholars. This is the group which harbours jealousy and enmity towards Our Mawaalis and entangles them by saying that they are the ones who love the Ahlul Bayt (asws) and hates Their enemies. This group of scholars then changes its garb and infects the minds of Our Shia who have little knowledge with doubts and confusion. The result is that these Shia of Ours then are deprived of the conviction on Our status and glory. This is the group which leads them astray and stops them from the path of truth'. "

Tell me! Has a clear picture come to your mind or not? This is the picture that I wanted to show you.

# CHAPTER 9: CLAIMS

There has never been a period in history where somebody has not declared himself to be God nor is there anya shortage of people who not only believed in him but have actually done the propagation of this belief. And then there were those that worshipped him as such.

Some people declared themselves as prophets and people followed them and created a religion out of this. Some people declared themselves as Imams and people created their own sects out of this. And some people made claim on Wilayat and people started begging for their desires to be fulfilled by him.

If you were to survey all these people who made these claims you will notice the common denominator amongst them is worldly gain. Just because someone makes a claim and huge multitudes of people have gathered around him does not mean his claim is true. Being a majority can never be a proof for truth. The only proof of truth is truth itself, and the claim is dependent upon proofs. Belief in a person's claim does not prove it to be correct. Therefore, every claim needs proof and every proof is subject to a measure of evaluation. For example if someone were to make a claim in poetry, then it will be evaluated in the background of the rules of poems. If someone were to make a scientific claim then it will be evaluated according to the rules of science. Likewise, if a person were to make a claim about religion then it should also be evaluated according to the principles of religion. Accepting somebody's claim based on rumours is stupidity and does not befit the honour of a human being. Allah has compared these kinds of people to four legged animals.

## Compulsory Acts of Making a Claim

It has not been left up to the people to determine the status of a claimant. Otherwise every other person would make some sort of a claim, and there is not a shortage of stupid people who would fall for these false claims. There may also come a time when there would only be claimants in this world and no followers. Therefore, we must decide who has the right to make a claim. In order to eliminate this problem, Allah has given us the decision in this manner:

" And your Lord creates and chooses whom He pleases; to choose is not theirs; glory be to Allah, and exalted be He above what they associate (with Him)."(28:68)

This verse has decisively stated that people have no right to chose or make their own claims. This right belongs to Allah and whoever does this would be committing 'Shirk'. If someone were to make a claim then we will have to see whether he has got the divine authorisation in order to do so or not. If he does, then we will bow down our heads and accept his claim even if no one else does, but, if he does not, then we will reject him even if the whole world were to accept him. If you were to browse through the Holy Quran you will see that whenever Allah chose a prophet, Allah orders him to make a general announcement to all of the people not to simply whisper it amongst a few.

Let us now look at some verses.

" _And the Jews say: The Christians do not follow anything (good) and the Christians say: The Jews do not follow anything (good) while they recite the (same) Book. Even thus say those who have no knowledge, like to what they say; so Allah shall judge between them on the day of resurrection in what they differ."(2:113)_

" _Certainly We sent Our messengers with clear arguments, and sent down with them the Book and the balance that men may conduct themselves with equity; and We have made the iron, wherein is great violence and advantages to men, and that Allah may know who helps Him and His messengers in the secret; surely Allah is Strong, Mighty."(57:25)_

This means that whenever Allah sent someone then it was accompanied with clear proofs and arguments. When someone was sent as a 'Wali' then:

" _Only Allah is your Wali and His Messenger and those who believe, those who keep up prayers and pay the poor-rate while they bow. And if He wanted someone to be obeyed then:"(5:55)_

" _O you who believe! obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority from among you; then if you quarrel about anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you believe in Allah and the last day; this is better and very good in the end"(4:59)_

All this initial groundwork has been laid so that it would become easier to understand the claims that have been made by the scholars. Claims a great multitude of people have accepted. Those who do not accept their claims have either been declared as outside of the religion. There is a long list of these claims which they keep making time and again, and this list is getting longer by the day. I shall discuss some of these claims in the light of the guidance from Masoomeen (asws) so that no blame shall rest on me.

Claims of mujtahids can be divided into two categories – claim to their titles and claim to their status. Before I discuss this in detail, let me clarify one point. There are some words which have two meanings – one literally and one allegorical. For example the Arabic word 'Dharb' has a literally meaning which is to 'hit'. However, when it comes to mathematics it is used to mean 'multiplication'.

The Sufis actually use it to mean their chants of 'Allah Hu, Allah Hu'. In the same way the Holy Quran has also used certain words in two meanings. The words that have been used in the Holy Quran in its literal meanings, we can also only use them in the same manner.

For example, the word 'Rasool' (Messenger). This word has been used for Prophets, ordinary people, angels and even for a crow. Therefore we can use this word in its literal form. In Arab countries this is also used for someone who brings you news.

There are some words that the Holy Quran has not used in its literal form but in its allegorical meaning. Therefore, whenever we use this word in religious affairs it will be used in this manner. No one has the audacity to use it differently. For example the literal meaning of the word 'Nabi' is 'one who gives news'. Now if you were to take into the account the radio presenters, T.V. newscasters, newspapers etc. are all giving us news and in fact we also give each other lots of news, but, is there anyone who has the courage to call himself a 'Nabi'? Of course not! This is because the Holy Quran has already used this word to mean one who reveals the "news" or message of Allah to humanity. Therefore, no one can use it in its literal form. Let me now discuss the claims that the scholars have made to the titles of Masoomeen (asws).

## HUJJAT UL ISLAM (PROOF OF ISLAM)

This word is being used for every Mujtahid, and if you do not use this word before his name then he considers it to be an insult. Let us now look at this great word which is being used for people who are fallible and commit sins. Hujjat means proof. When this word is used for someone then it means that that person is proof of Islam from head to toe. Meaning, that his person is sufficient to prove Islam as the religion of truth. By looking at him, at his blessed face, listening to his speech, his actions, and his character, the truth of Islam would dawn upon the people. There would be no need to provide any intellectual argument or proofs. If you were to now use your common sense a little bit you will realise the gravity of the situation when someone uses this title for himself as the whole of the building of religion is based on this foundation and would eventually collapse if the claim is false.

Forget about the other Sects. The Shia Sect itself would be invalidated as it is based on the concept of the infallibility of its Holy Imams (asws). There can be no room for suspicion and doubt. According to our belief the religion of Allah is Masom (infallible) and Allah Himself has made it that way. There is no room for mistakes, errors or forgetfulness, and those that believe in this are attributing these to Allah. This religion is on such a level of infallibility that Allah did not let even a shadow of a normal person to fall on it. The religion was sent down by Allah who is free from any deficiencies. The Archangel that carried the Message was himself trustworthy and beyond errors. RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) who was the recipient was also Masoom. Those to whom the religion was handed over to and who are the inheritors of it, and who were made responsible for it explanations were all Masoom. This religion is was made in such a way that Allah has not left any room for a non masoom in it. Now we have established that Islam is free from all deficiencies, sins, mistakes, errors and is complete. Then it goes without saying, the proof of this religion can only be one who is also Masoom free from all deficiencies, sins, mistakes, and errors and not just any normal person. The proof of a complete can only be a complete. Something that is incomplete can never be proof for that which is complete. If a normal person were to be regarded as proof of

Islam then all of his deficiencies will have to be regarded as the deficiencies of Islam, and in this way the whole religion would become unreliable. The person who is accepted as the proof of Islam would then be regarded as one who is above any mistakes or disagreements for this is the way of the people from day one. If you were now to reflect upon my points then you will see that it does not befit any ordinary person to make the claim that they are "Hujjatul Islam" (proof of Islam).

## AYATULLAH (SIGN OF ALLAH)

The word Ayatullah (sign of Allah) is such a glorious word in the Holy Quran that the its glory cannot be imagined. This is not merely my opinion. I will produce evidence for it. A man of limited knowledge like myself has extracted fifty six verses of the Holy Quran where the term Ayatullah has been used. Wherever the term Ayatullah has been used, it has been immediately followed by a judgement from Allah that whoever rejects, falsifies, does not place his faith in Them, mocks Them, is unaware of Them, turns his face away from Them, or fights against Them has been referred to as either an kafir (unbeliever), munafiq (hypocrite), person of Hell, one on whom is Divine Wrath, sinner, one whose deeds have been confiscated, unjust, the most unjust, blind, deaf, dumb, mischief maker, criminal, a drowned person, one without posterity, dog, accursed, loss maker, evil doer or unthankful. I have tried in this whole book of mine to be brief, but this is such an important issue that I have to quote at least eighteen Verses out of fifty six so that you can understand what an Ayatullah actually is. Then I shall show you from the Hadeeth what is meant by an Ayatullah. Firstly you should seek refuge in Allah from Satan the accursed, only then you should go through the Verses.

1." And (as to) those who disbelieve in and reject My signs, they are the inmates of the fire, in it they shall abide."(2:39)

2." And abasement and humiliation were brought down upon them, and they became deserving of Allah's wrath; this was so because they disbelieved in the signs of Allah and killed the prophets unjustly; this was so because they disobeyed and exceeded the limits."(2:61)

3." Surely they who disbelieve in the signs of Allah they shall have a severe chastisement; and Allah is Mighty, the Lord of retribution." [3:4]

4." Surely those who disbelieve in the signs of Allah and slay the prophets unjustly and slay those among men who enjoin justice, announce to them a painful chastisement.Those are they whose works shall become null in this world as well as the hereafter, and they shall have no helpers" [3:21-22]

5."And indeed He has revealed to you in the Book that when you hear Allah's signs disbelieved in and mocked at do not sit with them until they enter into some other discourse; surely then you would be like them; surely Allah will gather together the hypocrites and the unbelievers all in hell." (4:140)

6." And they who reject our signs are deaf and dumb, in utter darkness; whom Allah pleases He causes to err and whom He pleases He puts on the right way." [6:39]

7." And (as for) those who reject Our signs, chastisement shall afflict them because they transgressed." [6:49]

8." Or lest you should say: If the Book had been revealed to us, we would certainly have been better guided than they, so indeed there has come to you clear proof from your Lord, and guidance and mercy. Who then is more unjust than he who rejects Allah's Signs and turns away from them? We will reward those who turn away from our Signs with an evil chastisement because they turned away." [6:157]

9." Surely (as for) those who reject our signs and turn away from them haughtily, the doors of heaven shall not be opened for them, nor shall they enter the garden until the camel pass through the eye of the needle; and thus do We reward the guilty." [7:40]

10." But they called him a liar, so We delivered him and those with him in the ark, and We drowned those who rejected our signs; surely they were a blind people." [7:64]

11." So We delivered him and those with him by mercy from Us, and We cut off the last of those who rejected our signs and were not believers." [7:72]

12."And when your Lord brought forth from the children of Adam, from their backs, their descendants, and made them bear witness against their own souls: Am I not your Lord? They said: Yes! we bear witness. Lest you should say on the day of resurrection: Surely we were heedless of this."(7:172)

13." And when you bring them not a revelation they say: Why do you not forge it? Say: I only follow what is revealed to me from my Lord; these are clear proofs from your Lord and a guidance and a mercy for a people who believe." [7:203]

14." Who is then more unjust than who forges a lie against Allah or (who) gives the lie to His communications? Surely the guilty shall not be successful." [10:17]

15." And this was Ad; they denied the communications of their Lord, and disobeyed His messengers and followed the bidding of every insolent opposer (of truth). And they were overtaken by curse in this world and on the resurrection day; now surely Ad disbelieved in their Lord; now surely, away with Ad, the people of Hud." [11:59-60]

16." He shall say: My Lord! Why hast Thou raised me blind and I was a seeing one indeed? He will say: Even so, Our Signs came to you but you neglected them; even thus shall you be forsaken this day.And thus do We recompense him who is extravagant and does not believe in the communications of his Lord, and certainly the chastisement of the hereafter is severer and more lasting." [20:125-127]

17." And when a wave like mountains covers them they call upon Allah, being sincere to Him in obedience, but when He brings them safe to the land, some of them follow the middle course; and none denies Our signs but every perfidious, ungrateful one." [31:32]

18." His are the treasures of the heavens and the earth; and (as for) those who disbelieve in the communications of Allah, these it is that are the losers." [39:63]

You have now seen the verses about the Ayatullahs and the Fatwas of that has been issued to those that reject them. Can now someone please tell me whether there is any person on the face of this earth who can make the claim that if someone were to oppose him or reject him then that person would become a kafir (unbeliever)? And if there is no one who can make this claim, then they also cannot make the claim of being an Ayatullah and has gone against the order of Allah.

Let us look at this from another angle. Say there are two Mujtahids who call themselves Ayatullahs. One of them has declared something halal (lawful) while the other one has made it haram (forbidden). Can you now tell me whether they are verifying each other or falsifying each other? You will have to admit that they are actually falsifying each other. And they are both Ayatullahs. And you have seen above the result of the one who falsifies or opposes an Ayatullah. Don't these two people come under the divine verdicts? The amusing part is that not only have they claimed to be Ayatullahs, but they have gone further to claim to be Ayatullah Uzmas (Grand Ayatullahs) and Ayatullah Kubra (Greatest Sign of Allah).

Now what can I say about that?

I think it would be appropriate here if I were to explain what the Ayatullah Kubra is, the Greatest Sign of Allah.

In order to understand this you will have to understand the Me'raj (Night Ascension) of RasoolAllah (saw). This is part of our religious beliefs, and according to Masoomeen (asws) if anyone does not believe in the physical ascension of RasoolAllah (saw), then he is a kafir (unbeliever). Me'raj means greatest status. Now understand that the cummulative status of one hundred and twenty three thousand nine hundred and ninety nine Prophets at their pinnacle is equal to the status of the Seal of the Prophets. Now let us see what the pinnacle of RasoolAllah (saw) is, and the story of Me'raj that we refer to, what it actually is and what its actual purpose was. For this I present to you thirteen Verses of the Holy Quran; _Sura Najm ayah 7-18:_

" _And he is in the highest part of the horizon. Then he drew near, then he bowed So he was the measure of two bows or closer still. And He revealed to His servant what He revealed. The heart was not untrue in (making him see) what he saw. What! do you then dispute with him as to what he saw? And certainly he saw him in another descent, At the farthest lote-tree; Near which is the garden, the place to be resorted to. When that which covers covered the lote-tree; The eye did not turn aside, nor did it exceed the limit. Certainly he saw of the greatest signs of his Lord (Ayatul Kubra)."_

The claimants should have the fear of Allah. Even if they do not, then at least my readers should fear the divine wrath. Was there anyone sitting there wearing a turban and a cloak that RasoolAllah (saw) went to see? If you are curious to find out who or what this Ayatullah Kubra was then don't use your imagination, let us now look at what Masoomeen (asws) Themselves had to say regarding this.

1.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said,' _The signs and warnings are of no avail to the disbelieving people.' (10:101)_ " _Signs in this ayah refers to Us, Aimmah (asws)"_ (AL KAFI – Kitab e Hujjat chapter 17 hadith 1)

2.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) " _Signs in this ayah of Allah 'However, they rejected all Our signs. . . .' (54:42)_ _refers to all of the successors_.'" (AL KAFI – Kitab e Hujjat chapter 17 hadith 2)

3.Ameerul Momineen (asws) said, " _There is no sign of Allah which is greater than Me (Ayatul Kubra) and I am the greatest news of Allah"._ (AL KAFI – Kitab e Hujjat chapter 17 hadith 3)

The false claimants know that from amongst their followers are many of those that read the Holy Quran. They may also be keeping an eye on some commentaries as well. And so they say that they are not using this term in the same manner that is being used in the Holy Quran, rather they are using it to denote a degree of achievement. Meaning that when one ascends to a certain degree of religious education then he becomes an Ayatullah. This explanation of theirs is even more amusing than their false claims. First of all, I have already explained before that when the Holy Quran uses a term in a particular form then that is the form it is to be used in. Secondly, if their logic were to be accepted then religion would become nothing more than a laughing stock. This is like a big Mullah were to open a Madressa and awards his degrees in this manner:

1. Whoever completes the first level his title would be 'Muslim'.

2. After completion of the second level he becomes Muttaqi ('Pious).

3. After completion of the third level he becomes – Momin (Believer).

4. After completion of the fourth level he becomes – Nabi (Prophet).

5. After completion of the fifth level he becomes – Khatim Nabieen (Seal of the Prophets)

6. After completion of the sixth level he becomes – 'Imam'.

7. After completion of the seventh level he becomes – 'Wali'.

8. After completion of the eight level he becomes – 'Allah'.

Now, if this Mullah were to tell you that these degree names are not in the same meaning as they are being used in the Holy Quran, but in another meaning, will you accept these degrees with these names? And if you will not, then how can you accept the degrees of 'Ayatullah', 'Ayatul Uzma' and 'Ayatul Kubra'? In reality this is a mockery of Masoomeen (asws) and the Holy Quran.

" _And it shall be said: Today We forsake you as you neglected the meeting of this day of yours and your abode is the fire, and there are not for you any helpers:That is because you took the Signs of Allah for a jest and the life of this world deceived you. So on that day they shall not be brought forth from it, nor shall they be granted goodwill." [45:34-35]_

In Tafseer Safi and Tafseer Qummi, this has been explained in this manner: 'The 'Signs of Allah' in this ayah is a reference to Masoomeen (asws) and those that mocked them will be told that these are the ones you used to falsify and mock'.

The reality is that these false claims of the mujtahids to the titles of Masoomeen (asws) is nothing more than them showing their arrogance and hatred of Masoomeen (asws). These mujtahids are attempting to equate their status to that of Masoomeen (asws). No one from the olden times up until recently has ever used these titles nor did they have the courage to do so. Sheykh Mufeed and Sheykh Tusi who are so greatly admired are nothing more than just Sheykhs, while today's marjas have become Hujjatullah, Ayatullah and I don't know what else. We have to see where this innovation came from. This title of Ayatullah was first used by Mullah Muhammad Qasim Nanotovi the founder of the Madressa of the Deobandis.

We have no complaints about him as he does not believe in either the true Ayatullahs (asws) or true Hujjatullahs (asws). The strange part is that our people thought: 'Why should we be left behind the Deobandis. Why not attach some wings to our turbans as well'. This is how this atrocity began. Allah is the One Who knows what the intentions were and I do not wish to say more about this. However, their attempts to equate themselves to Masoomeen (asws) has been proven. I am only inviting you to ponder over this. If you can, then fine and if not, then allow us to be and you can worry about your own hereafter later on. After having discussed the claims against the titles, I now turn my attention to the claims against the status of Masoomeen (asws).

## Claim of being NA'IB E IMAM (REPRESENTATIVE OF THE IMAM)

Earlier on I had explained that this term was used in reference to the four messengers of the Twelfth Holy Imam (atfs) so that Centuries later t it would be easier to use this term for themselves. All the Imams (asws) from the first Imam (asws) to the eleventh Imam (asws) had Their own representatives in different areas but these "representatives" never used this title for themselves. What was the reason then for labelling these four as such when it was used by no one before then nor anyone else during their time? There is also no reference for this in history books.

Yes, the only one who claimed to be the representative was Shamalghani, who was immediately reprimanded by way of a letter. The Shia then used to go in front of his house and send curses upon him. He is being referred to as the accursed one even today. (Maybe the Shia of that time comprehended the weight of this title). There is only one reason as to why this label was stuck to the four messengers, and that is to profit from it during the time of Ghaybat (occultation) so that a parallel system of rule can be established. They then classified the four as special representatives and themselves as general representatives. However, this is an invalid act as the special representation has yet to be proven and so how can you prove general

Representation? Even if the special representation is somehow proven, that still does not prove their general representation because:-

•None of the four representatives were mujtahids which these people have now become.

•None of these ever used the weapon invented by the sunnis (Usool E Fiqh) in order to refute the hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws)

•None of them has ever issued a fatwa.

•None of them had ever considered the people to be ignorant, placed a collar of taqleed on their necks, published any of their tawzeehs, or created their own respective group of followers.

•None of them tried to equate themselves with Masoomeen (asws)

•None of them ever had the audacity to say: 'Without their taqleed none of your deeds are acceptable'.

•All of them were just contact points between the people and the Holy Imam (atfs) Their job was just to take questions to the Holy Imam (atfs) and bring back the answers from Him

•The system of representation was ended by the Holy Imam (atfs) is His last letter to the fourth of them which has been recorded by Allama Muhammad Baqir Majalisi in Bihar Ul Anwaar vol 12;

"O' Ali bin Muhammad Samari listen! You are going to die in six days, may Allah grant patience to your brother's in faith on your departure. So, be prepared, but appoint no one in your place, because from the day of your death the period of my major occultation (Ghaibat e Kubra) will begin. Hence forth, no one will see me, unless and until Allah makes me appear. My reappearance will take place after a very long time when people will have grown tired of waiting and those who are weak in there faith will say: What! Is he still alive? When will men become cruel and inconsiderate, and the world will be full of injustice and violence. Very soon some men will claim to have seen me. Beware! Anyone who makes such a claim before the coming out of Sufyani and the sound from heaven announcing my reappearance, is a liar and imposter. There is no Might nor Strength except in Allah'.

In this letter, the Holy Imam (atfs)has advised Ali bin Muhammad Samari to wrap up his affairs and not to appoint anyone else. This proves two things. The appointees were also the same ones who appointed, not the Imam (atfs) Himself. This announcement of appointment is also made the the appointee himself not by the Imam (atfs). The Holy Imam (atfs) put an end to this chain of appointment completely. He did not differentiate between the special and the general representatives nor did he say that, if, from now on anyone wearing a turban on his head were to come to you then you should accept him. He also said that from now on if anyone claims to have seen me is a liar and an imposter. Therefore, today, if someone makes the claim that the Holy Imam (atfs) comes to him and explains the solutions to the problems, then that person has surely forged a lie against the Holy Imam (atfs).

The main reason for making the claim of being the Holy Imam (atfs)'s representative is so that all of the affairs of Imam (atfs) get transferred unto him and no one would be able to challenge him because the Imam (atfs) will no longer be reprimanding him by way of a letter. People would then consider their orders instead of the orders of Imam (atfs). Since, without being in the Taqleed of the Holy Imams (asws.) none of our deeds are acceptable. Now these mujtahids falsely claim the same for themselves because they are now the "representatives" of the Imam (atfs). They are now handling the affairs of religion and there is no real need for the Holy Imam (atfs.) to be here. And now if He were not to make His reappearance then there is no problem as all the affairs have been taken care of. Why should we wait for His reappearance? After all, He will only indulge in killing. However, they are the ones doing this. A large portion of the budget has been allocated for weaponry even though the general populace remains hungry and unclothed.

## Claim of being "IMAM"

My ears perked up the day I heard that they had started claiming to be the Ayatullah Kubra (Great Sign of Allah) and I thought, surely now the Naib E Imam is going to get promoted. I was right because soon after, the cry of "Imam"was heard everywhere on Radio, T.V., Newspapers and even the organisations under them were all at it. All their efforts were diverted to ensure that those Shia who previously had not even thought that Imams could be more than twelve and never imagined that an ordinary person could also be called an Imam, would change their thoughts and accept this. As Hitler had said before, 'Tell lies consistently so that it would become the truth'. They managed to do just this. At first some people were reluctant to accept it but now they have no problems with it as they have been told that this term is being used in its literal form and not in the form used by the Holy Quran. I have dealt with this lame excuse before. They did have recourse to other words in their language, for instance, leader, representative, guide etc. But they decided not to use any of them and to take the word 'Imam' from the Arabic language which itself proves the invalidity of their argument. It has been proven that this word is being used in its real meaning. The same meaning that is used in the Holy Quran. I have already established that if the Holy Quran were to use a word in a particular form then no one else has the right to use it in a different form. Therefore there is no way out but to accept that this word is being used in the same form that it has been used in the Holy Quran.

This is not an ordinary word. Therefore, we must not take its discussion of its use lightly. We shall now see what Masoomeen (asws) and Holy Quran have to say about people who make light of this word and adopt it for themselves. Think about the seriousness of the situation. We do not call Masoomeen (asws) as "Imam (asws)" out of love for Them. We do so because our gathering will take place behind the Imam (asws) on the day of judgement, regardless of what meaning we use it in.

"One day Ameerul Momineen (asws) was with some people. Eight of them asked to leave as they had something urgent to do. They agreed to meet Him again on Friday. When they walked away they saw an iguana and they jokingly said to each other, 'Let us make this iguana as our imam. So they caught it and placed their hands on it as a symbol of allegiance and then they let it go. When they went to the Mosque on Friday, Ameerul Momineen (asws) was delivering a speech in which He was explaining this ayah, "(Remember) the day when We will call every people with their Imam; then whoever is given his book in his right hand, these shall read their book; and they shall not be dealt with a whit unjustly." (17:71)

When Ameerul Momineen (asws) saw them He stopped and said: 'I am currently looking at eight people who will be called on the Day of Judgment with an iguana as their Imam'.

Now stop worrying about 'this meaning' and 'that meaning'. Let us ask the Holy Quran and Masoomeen (Asws) about this.

1.Sura Zumar ayah 60: "And on the day of resurrection you shall see those who lied against Allah; their faces shall be blackened. Is there not in hell an abode for the proud?"

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) narrates in the tafseer of this ayah 'On the day of judgement you will see the faces of those who had invented falsehood against Allah blackened. . . .' (39:60) The Imam (asws) said, 'It refers to those who claim to be the Imam but in fact, are not the Imam." The people then asked, 'Even if he is a Alawi, Fatimi, or from the Offspring of Ali (asws)?' Imam (asws) replied, "Without any doubt even if they are from these".

(Tafseer al Muttaqeen ref Tafseer Safi, Qummi, and Ayyashi)

2.Sura Qasas ayah 41-42: "And we made them Imams who call to the fire, and on the day of resurrection they shall not be assisted. And We caused a curse to follow them in this world, and on the day of resurrection they shall be of those made to appear hideous."

In the tafseer of this ayah, Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said, "In the book of Allah, two kinds of Imams are mentioned. Allah said, "We appointed them as 'A'immah to guide the people through Our command not according to their own desire".

There are two types of Imams. One is appointed by Allah and the other kind are self appointed. Those who are appoint themselves as Imam prefer their own opinions over the commands of Allah. They follow their own desires instead of following the orders of Allah.

(Tafseer al Muttaqeen ref Tafseer Safi, and al Kafi)

(For more details on this kindly refer back to the chapter on 'Usool E Fiqh' under the heading of 'Ijma'.)

Some easy conclusions can be drawn from the above: -

•The Holy Quran has not used the word Imam in its literal meaning.

•In the whole of the Holy Quran only two kinds of Imams are mentioned. There is no third kind.

•One kind is that which has been appointed by Allah and guides according to divine commands of Allah.

• The second kind is that which have declared themselves as Imams and call people to the Fire. They consider their own opinions and orders over the orders of Allah. They forge lies against Allah.These are the arrogant people. On the Day of Judgment their faces will be blackened. Their place is in Hell whether or not they be the children of Ali (asws) and Fatima (sa).

•There is no third category of Imams. Thefore, anyone who claims to be an Imam has to be from one of the two previously mentioned categories. It is meaningless to claim to be of any other kind. From the time of RasoolAllah (saw) until today, whoever has claimed to be an Imam has done so in the meaning of being a leader and never has anyone claimed to be Divinely Appointed. Even so, we have still rejected them. How is it possible that now we are showing great respect to those that are making these false claims today?

Let us now see what Masoomeen (asws) have to say about this.

1.Sayings of Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), " _Whoever claims to be the Imam and, in fact, is not the Imam is a kafir (unbeliever)."_ (Al Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 84 hadith 2)

2.Sayings of Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), _"One who lays claim to the Imamate, Allah will make his life in this world filled with disgrace"_ (Al Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 84 hadith 5)

3.Although we have mentioned this hadith previously, we will mention it once again as a reminder. Sayings of Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws); "Allah says, _"I will cause to suffer punishment all thosewho live a religious life in Islam with belief in and acknowledgement of the wilayat of unjust 'A'immah (non masoom) who do not possess authority from Allah, even though such followers are (apparently) virtuous and pious in their deeds. I will forgive all those who live a religious life in Islam with belief in and acknowledgement of the wilayat of an Imam who is just in his dealings and possesses authority from Allah, even though such followers are not virtous nor pious in their deeds.'"_ (Al Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 85 hadith 4)

4.Sayings of Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), _"Allah will punish anyone who worships Allah in a way that is not from the Divinely appointed Imam" (because he has worshipped without following the hadiths of the divinely appointed Imam (asws))_ (Al Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 94 hadith 1)

Now you have known who are those who falsely lay claim to the Imamate and those who follow them. Now read this hadith. There is another group of people besides these two. Read carefully and fully understand how sensitive the issue of Imamate is:

5.Sayings of Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), _"There will be three kinds of people to whom Allah will not look at on the Day of Judgment. He will not purify them and they will suffer painful punishments. The first are those who claim to be the Imam (regardless of what sense) but are not divinely appointed by Allah. The second kind are those who reject the divinely appointed Imam, and the third kind are those who think the first two are within the realms of Islam (anyone who considers them muslim is also kafir).'"_ **(Al Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 84 hadith 21)**

I am convinced that you have now understood the importance of the word Imam, and also recognised the true nature of those who unjustly claim this title for themselves. This is sufficient for those of you who are serious about their hereafter. I have no concern with people who have no interest in their hereafter and are only engrossed in their worldly affairs.

## Claim of Being the Caliph of RasoolAllah (saw)

There are many matters which most people are unaware of. When someone makes them aware of these, they find it hard to believe and start arguing with that person. In this chapter you will come across a few things which would be difficult for some people to accept. In order to escape from any blame I should only tell you things from their own statements rather than my opinion. I will only quote from well known Mujtahids, especially Agha Khomeini so that there would be no room for any counter arguments.

It would seem that there is a personality clash between me and my opponents, but when you look at it carefully you will see that the difference is on the subject matter and not the person. The Shia understanding is that we cannot follow one who is a non masoom. The others do not have this and so they have left room for other people to make certain claims. The Shia scholars then decided to adopt the definitions of the others so that they may be able to make room for themselves to make their own claims. One of these is the caliph of RasoolAllah (saw).

For the Shia it has always been:-

•Only a masoom can be the caliph of a masoom.

•The caliph is not appointed by RasoolAllah (saw) instead the caliph is appointed by Allah.

•The caliph of a Prophet has to do with guidance and not with establishment of a government. Governance only forms part of it and you will see that only a few prophets got to rule. However, that did not mean they were not caliphs. There is no doubt that the right of being a leader is in the hands of a caliph but govering is not the only task of the caliph.

In opposition to all this the others adopted the following view:-

•Infallibility is not a pre-condition to be the caliph; being just is sufficient. (This condition was also set aside later on). In order to be in agreement with this, they came to regard all the companions to be just.

•The caliphate is not appointed by Allah

• The caliphate is for governance and the safeguarding of the affairs of the Muslims. This then led to the declaration of even a person like Yazeed (la)to be a caliph.

Let us now see how Agha Khomeini has defined the appointment of the caliph. He writes in his book "Islamic Goverance or Wilayat e Faqih" on pg no 13: "When the Prophet (s) appointed a successor, it was not only for the purpose of expounding articles of faith and law; it was for the implementation of law and the execution of God's ordinances. We believe in government and believe that the Prophet (s) was bound to appoint a successor, as he indeed did. Was a successor designated purely for the sake of expounding law? The expounding of law did not require a successor to the Prophet. He himself, after all, had expounded the laws; it would have been enough for the laws to be written down in a book and put into people's hands to guide them in their actions. It was logically necessary for a successor to be appointed for the sake of exercising government. Law requires a person to execute it."

Did you see how big a blow has been struck on the beliefs of the Shia sect? He says that there is no need of a successor to expound the laws and that it would have been enough for the laws to be written down in a book, and only to execute it. Do you understand how many blows have been dealt to the beliefs of the Shia? The only reason was to pave the way for himself to make the claims and there would be no objections raised against it.

He then goes on to say: "Here is a narration totally without ambiguity. The Commander of the Faithful ('a) relates that the Most Noble Messenger (s) said: "O God! Have mercy on those that succeed me." He repeated this thrice and was then asked: "O Messenger of God, who are those that succeed you?" He replied: "They are those that come after me, transmit my traditions and practice, and teach them to the people after me."

There cannot be the least doubt that the tradition we have been discussing refers to the governance of the faqih, for to be a successor means to succeed to all the functions of prophethood.

These are some of the points that come out of the above discussion:

1. Whatever status is for RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) and Ameerul Momineen (asws) is the status of the scholars.

2. The caliphate of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) is not restricted to the Holy Imam (asws)

3. It cannot be that RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) would establish His rule and the scholars should just explain solutions to the problems.

4. According to his fatwa the scholar should be the caliph then it follows that the Holy Imams (asws) were also scholars. Here I would like to narrate to you the statement of Sheykh Khalsi a Mujtahid who said: 'In my view Imam Ja'far Al Sadiq (asws) was also a Mujtahid, and Mujtahids are prone to error'.

Let us now consider what ugliness comes out of this claim.

1. If we were to accept the claim that the caliph of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) is a Jurist, then they would all queue up for it. In every age there have been thousands of jurists, and according to him they are all deserving of being caliphs. Therefore in the presence of so many caliphs at any one time will result in nothing but chaos and mischief.

2. And if they say that by 'jurists' they mean only the elite of them, then sometimes there are six of them.

3. This whole claims falsifies the universally accepted Hadeeth of RasoolAllah (saw) that after Him there will be 12 caliphs.

4. This claim also falsifies the Verse:

" _(Such has been) the course of Allah with respect to those who have gone before; and you shall not find any change in the course of Allah." [33:62]_

It is also clearly proven that a caliph of a masoom would also be masoom. From the time of Prophet Adam (a.s.) up to the time of prophet Isa (a.s.) their caliphs have always been masoom. How is it then possible that the caliph of RasoolAllah (saw) would be ordinary people?

## Claim of Being Divinely Appointed

Agha khomeini then goes on to say on pg no 53: "Now that this much has been demonstrated, it is necessary that the fuqaha proceed, collectively or individually, to establish a government in order to implement the laws of Islam and protect its territory. If this task falls within the capabilities of a single person, it has personally incumbent upon him the duty to fulfill it; otherwise, it is a duty that devolves upon the fuqaha as a whole. Even if it is impossible to fulfill the task, the authority vested in the fuqaha is not voided, because it has been vested in them by Allah."

If you have not understood by the term 'vested' then try and understand it from these Verses:

" _So when you are free, nominate.And make your Lord your exclusive object." [94:8]_

What he is saying is that the scholars are nominated in the same way that the Imam (asws) has been nominated. As Imamate forms part of the beliefs of religion then why can't the Wilayah of Faqih?According to these mujtahids the Shia beliefs are incomplete and need to be completed. Therefore, the scholars can now establish a government even though Allah may not have authorised it.

## Claim of being Successor of RasoolAllah (saw)

On pg no 118, Agha Khomeini then goes on to present a hadeeth from Man La Yazherul Faqih, which in reality goes against what he says. He writes: "Ameerul Momineen (Asws) said to Shurayh: "The seat you are occupying is filled by someone who is a Prophet ('a), the successor of a Prophet, or else a sinful wretch."

He then uses this Hadeeth to prove his claim and says: "It is clear from the foregoing tradition that the position of judgement may be exercised only by a prophet ('a) or by the successor of a Prophet. No one would dispute the fact that the function of scholar belongs to the just fuqaha, in accordance with their appointment by the Imams ('a). Considering the fact that the fuqaha do not have the rank of prophethood, and they are indubitably not "wretched sinners," we conclude that, in the light of the tradition quoted above, they must be the legatees or successors of the Most Noble Messenger(s). In any event, we deduce from the tradition quoted above that the fuqaha are the successors, at one remove, of the Most Noble Messenger (s) and that all the tasks he entrusted to the Imams ('a) are also incumbent on the fuqaha; all the tasks that Messenger (s) performed, they too must perform, just as Ameerul Momineen ('a) did."

Have you noticed his proof? You tell me honestly, does this Hadeeth go in his favour or does it prove his crime? The sentence "Considering the fact that the fuqaha do not have the rank of Prophethood, and they are indubitably not "wretched sinners," we conclude that, in the light of the tradition quoted above, they must be the legatees or successors of the Most Noble Messenger (s)" involves very strange logic. Even if we were to accept this logic, then why restrict this to only scholars? By this proof whosoever is not "wretched sinners," would end up being successor of RasoolAllah (saw).

## Claim of being Hujjatullah (proof of Allah)

On pg no 125, Agha Khomeini then says: "A hujjatullah "proof of Allah" is one whom Allah has designated to conduct affairs; all his deeds, actions, and sayings constitute a proof for the Muslims. Today, the fuqaha of Islam are proof to the people. Just as the Most Noble Messenger ('a) was the proof of Allah---the conduct of all affairs was entrusted to him so that whoever disobeyed him had a proof advanced against him---so, too, the fuqaha are the proof of the Imam ('a) to the people. All the affairs of the Muslims have been entrusted to them. Allah will advance a proof and argument against anyone who disobeys them in anything concerning government, the conduct of Muslim affairs, or the gathering and expenditure of public funds. There can be no doubt concerning the meaning of the tradition we have quoted, although it is possible to have certain reservations about its chain of transmission. Nonetheless, even if one does regard the tradition as being in its own right, a proof of the thesis we have advanced, it serves to support the other proofs we have mentioned."

## Claim of Wilayat (Wilayat e Faqih)

What is Wilayat?What is its standing in religion? Who is the Wali? What is his authority? All these matters concern beliefs and InshaAllah I shall discuss them later on. For now though you must understand that without wilayat, there is no religion. This is why Masoom (asws) said 'Religion is Wilayat'. All our beliefs and all our actions, all of Allah's Attributes and His Created universe, whatsoever there is, it is under the Wilayat. This is why Allah said:

" _Allah is the Wali of those who believe. He brings them out of the darkness into the light; and (as to) those who disbelieve, their Walis are Shaitans who take them out of the light into the darkness; they are the inmates of the fire, in it they shall abide." [2:257]_

Allah has ensured no one else can make this claim.

" _Only Allah is your Wali and His Messenger and those who believe, those who keep up prayers and pay the poor-rate while they bow." [5:55]_

Even those who are not well versed in Arabic will have understood from the speakers from the pulpits that the word 'Innama' is a word like a fortress. It does not allow whatever is outside it to enter nor does it allow what is inside of it to exit. This means that 'those and only those', when the word is used. So, for the verse above, the word 'innama' has been used to denote only those that are mentioned to the exclusion of all others. It does not matter how great a scholar is, even if he has read mountains of books, the usage of the word "Innama" has ensured that the door to this claims remains closed forever.

The ugly methods that others have used in matters of religion have been presented to you before. They reduced the status of Prophethood, Imamate and Wilayah so much that every Tom, Dick and Harry had the courage to make these claims without feeling any remorse. It was due to the beliefs of the Shia being based on infallibility which safeguarded it from these goings-on. However, the love of fame and glory is a temptation from which no one is safe. As long as Masoomeen (asws) walked amongst the people, they did not act upon their desires. However from the time Imam (atfs) went into ghaybat (occultation) until today, these people have been making false claims against every title and station of Masoomeen (asws).

They could not make false claims against prophet hood due to their fear of the peoples' reaction and because this status is seen as very high amongst all people. This would have shocked the world, but the status of Imam and Wali has been degraded so much in the eyes of the other muslims that any leader can now make that claim. The Shia had reserved these terms in their hearts for only Masoomeen (asws). However, after centuries of brain washing, the Shia were made to accept these claims from ordinary people, partially at least, if not fully. Some people did object openly about this, but the governmental networks and their propaganda machinery subdued them and slowly over time they came to accept these terms for ordinary people. This situation has deteriorated to such an extent today that if one of them was to declare himself to be god then the people would happily accept this claims, 'if not in this meaning then the other'.

This is the situation of the term 'Wali'. Allah has used the word specifically for Masoomeen (asws). The mujtahids, in order to further their aims, divided this term into different categories, of which these two are fundamental.

**Wilayah Takwini** – Authority over everything in the universe.

**W ilayah Tashri'ee** – Authority over the Sharia and its implementation.

Although it is wrong to divide wilayat into categories, the meaning that they derive from Wilayah Tashri'ee is definitely incorrect. However, I shall deal with that matter in my next book.

They could not have possibly made a claim on Wilayah Takwin. Otherwise their followers would have asked them to perform such miracles like returning the sun, rendering the moon asunder into two pieces, turning a person into an animal etc.

And so they decided to choose for themselves Wilayah Tashri'ee, the explanation of which they gave themselves to the people.

And so today, the people have begun using the terms 'Wali Ul Amr' and 'Wali Ul Asr' for them and still declare themselves to be Shias.

As time went by, these people started establishing themselves under this category of Wilayah and slowly but surely started equating themselves Masoomeen (asws). This was done in such a subtle way that people did not even realise it. I am now presenting to you some examples of this so that you can believe what I am saying. These are from Agha Khomeini's book Islamic Government and Wilayat e Faqih pg no 41:

He says: "The idea that the governmental power of the Most Noble Messenger (s) were greater than those of Ameerul Momineen ('a), or that those of Ameerul Momineen('a) were greater than those of the faqih, is false and erroneous."

He said this in his third speech which caused a great uproar. Therefore, in his next speech which can be found on pg 52 he clarified this by saying: "It is as if the Imam were to appoint someone to the guardianship of a minor, to the governorship of a province, or to some other post. In cases like these, it is not reasonable that there would be a difference between the Prophet and the Imams ('a), on the one hand, and the just faqih, on the other. Now, the penalty for the fornicator is one hundred lashes. If the Prophet (s) applies the penalty, is he to inflict one hundred fifty lashes, Ameerul Momineen ('a) one hundred, and, the faqih fifty? The ruler supervises the executive power and has the duty of implementing Allah's laws; it makes no difference if he is the Most Noble Messenger (s), Ameerul Momineen ('a) or the representative or judge he appointed to Basrah or Kufah, or a faqih in the present age'.

Have you seen how the concept of Wilayah has been polluted? Anyone who raises a claim in the name of Islam would end up being in government. (Just like the family of Al Saud). In this government the police officer, the deputy commissioner or even a normal magistrate will also be eligible for Wilayah as they all issue orders. On top of this is the claim that this is the Wilayah that was given to RasoolAllah (saw) and Moula Ali (asws). Even an enemy will not be able to insult these Holy personalities in this manner. This is something nobody has observed.

In order to establish their own Wilayah, they have established that the purpose of

Wilayah is the establishment of orders. O servant of Allah! This work of the implementation of orders was also done by the servants of Masoomeen (asws), governors and judges. Does this now mean that they are equal in Wilayah to these divine personalities? This incomplete picture of Wilayah is based on the lack of understanding of Masoomeen (asws). Masoomeen (asws) were not obedient to the Sharia, but rather the Sharia was obedient to Them. What is Sharia? Sharia is the statements that They made. This is the true and original Sharia. To equate Their authority to that of the magistrate or the deputy commissioner is to make a mockery of Sharia. This was justified by saying that if the punishment of fornication is one hundred lashes then this is what the mujtahids will apply, no less no more. They do not have the authority to even forgive this.

Take a look at the two Hadeeth that I have taken **from Illul Sharai pg no 435** in order to understand the truth behind all this.

1.Someone asked Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) about his friend's punishment who had committed bestiality, and Imam (asws) replied: _'He should be flogged but of a reduced number to what is in Sharia'._

You tell me now, has not the Holy Imam (asws) reduced the punishment that is prescribed in the Sharia or not? Has the mujtahid got this right? (It would not surprise me that in the near future this right will be allocated to the mujtahideen. These days the general conception is that the Holy Imam (atfs) has gone into occultation.Therefore mujtahids can do as they please. Whoever takes whatever he can and runs away with it).

2.Muhammad bin Muslim narrates that once he asked the Holy Imam (asws) about a drunkard, and Imam (asws) replied: ' _If he has drunk it by mistake then I issue reduced punishment for him, but if he is a habitual drunkard then I deal with him harshly so that he would not permit himself of what is forbidden'._

Now the punishment for drinking is fixed in Sharia, and according to this Mujtahid, the mujtahids have no right to either increase or decrease it. Can someone now tell me how is it that the Holy Imam (asws) has issued different penalties on different people?

I presented the two Hadeeth above regarding the reduction of punishment. I will now present examples from Hadeeth about the increasement of punishment from the same book **, Illul Sharia pg 437:**

1.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) has narrated that one day Moula Ali (asws) rendered judgement about a man who had married another man's wife. Moula Ali (asws) declared she should be stoned to death and the man should be lashed. He then turned towards the man and said that _"If you had deliberately married this woman when she was already married to someone else then I would have crushed your head with a stone'._

Can someone tell me whether the Sharia has prescribed the punishment of adultery to be crushing the head with a stone?

2.Musa Bin Bijli has narrated from Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), _"Ameerul Momineen (asws) saw a couple in the same house and had them lashed less than one hundred times. The narrator then asked, 'Without evidence?' He replied, 'Leave him now, if there was evidence then I would have issued the complete punishment'._

Has any mujtahid got the right to issue punishment without any evidence? I am now quoting below two Hadeeth from Manaqib ibn Shahr Ashoob where the punishment was withdrawn.

1. **Pg no. 310** : _"A man who had committed sodomy with his slave was brought before Ameerul Momineen (asws) for punishment. The Holy Imam (asws) gave him three options – death by sword, by fire or by being crushed under a wall. He chose to be burnt in the fire. The man then requested that he be allowed to pray two rakats of prayer. After praying he raised his head towards the sky and said: 'O Allah! I committed one sin and have come to your Wali as a repentant and I have chosen to be burnt in the fire for it so that You may forgive me and save me from the fire of Hell'. Ameerul Momineen (asws) wept and so did the people surrounding him. He then said: 'Go, Allah has forgiven you'. One person asked whether Ameerul Momineen (asws) had removed one of the punishments from the Sharia. Ameerul Momineen (asws) replied: 'Woe be to you. When a person repents in front of Allah and an Imam appointed by Allah,then Allah forgives him."_

Does anyone have the courage now to refrain from issuing any punishment which is in Sharia? If not, then how can the one who does and the who does not even have the courage to do so be equal?

2. **Pg 394** : _"Hatimi has narrated from his teacher Ibn Abbas (ra), "One day a black man who was accused of theft was brought before Ameerul Momineen (asws). Moula Ali (asws) asked the man three separate times whether or not he was guilty. All three times the man replied, "Yes". The man then said: "O' Ameerul Momineen (asws)! I have indeed committed theft, so please purify me'. Moula Ali (asws) cut his hand off as punishment for his crime. The man left and along the way met Ibn Qawa. Ibn Qawa asked him who had cut off his hand. In reply to this the thief started extolling the virtues of Moula Ali (asws) and praising Moula Ali (asws) in such a way that ibn Qawa was shocked and said, 'You are praising one who has had your hand cut off?' The man replied, "If Moula Ali (asws) had even cut me into pieces my love for Him would have actually increased." Ibn Qawa then rushed to Moula Ali (asws) and told Moula Ali (asws) about what the man had just said. Moula Ali (asws) replied, 'O Ibn Qawa! As for those that love Us, if We were to even cut them into pieces, their love for Us would increase, whereas as for those who hate Us, even if We were to give them honey and food their hatred towards Us would increase'. Then Moula Ali (asws) turned towards his son Imam Hasan (asws) and instructed Him to go and bring the man back. Then Moula Ali (asws) put the cut hand back in its place, covered it with His cloak, and recited some words. The man's hand was restored and he spent the rest of his life alongside Moula Ali (asws). He fought in many battles with Moula Ali (asws). He was martyred in the battle of Nahrwan. His name was Aflah."_

Does any mujtahid have the authority and the ability to restore a man's hand after having had it cut off? Once the hand is restored then where is the punishment? Now, let me return back to Agha Khomeini's book, Islamic Government and Wilayat e Faqih on pg 170 where he quotes the Hadeeth of the time of Muawiya (la): "The rank of the faqih in the present age is like that of the prophets of the Children of Israel." And then quoting the Verse "The Prophet has higher claims on the believers than their own selves," and concludes that Wilayah is proven for the scholars.

This tradition does not require much thought. Anyone with a little bit of common sense would realise that it is a fake. Let us now think over it.

1.The Prophets of Bani Israel include the prophets Musa (a.s.) and Isa (a.s.) who are among the great Prophets, who were given the Law as well as the Book. Which Law was revealed to the mujtahids and which Book was given to them? And who testifies to them?

2.The Prophets are masoom whereas the mujtahids are not.

3.The knowledge of the Prophets is from Allah and acquired through revelation whereas the knowledge of the mujtahids is doubtful and acquired through books.

4.The birth of the Prophets is pure whereas the normal person, including the mujtahid, is born from impurity.

It is clear from the above points that no one in his right mind would rely on this Hadeeth and wash his faith away. But this claim of theirs does not surprise me because if they can equate themselves to RasoolAllah (saw) and Moula Ali (asws), then there is nothing that would stop them from equating themselves with other prophets (as) as well. What surprises me is the usage of the Verse "The Prophet has higher claims on the believers than their own selves" to consider themselves higher than others. The Hadeeth that has been quoted above, Allah is witness that it is not for the prophets of Bani Israel but for RasoolAllah (saw). This is because the word used is 'Al Nabi' and not 'Nabi'. If one were to include all the Prophets under this Verse then one will have to include them again in the Verse of salutation where the same word has been used. However, this is not so. Secondly, this Verse has to do with the permanent Wilayah and not only for the implementation of orders. The sermon of Ghadeer by RasoolAllah (saw) testifies to this.

Wilayah of Faqih is such a subject that much can be written about it, but whatever has been written so far is sufficient to prove my point. You will read more about it later on in this book which will enlighten you even more. Let us now look at another one of their claims.

## Claim of being Ahlul Dhikr (people of rememberance)

This claim is made on the basis of the Verse:

" _And We did not send before you any but men to whom We sent revelation- so ask the followers of the Reminder if you do not know" [16:43]_

Allama Haeri in his book Al Risalat Tanqeed fi Isbatul Ijtihad wa Taqleed has used his own opinion and rationalizations to claim this ayah is proof of ijtihad. I have discussed this Verse in detail before in this book and presented numerous Hadeeth to explain that ' Ahlul Zikr (the people of remembrance)' are none other than the Ahlul Bayt (asws). There is no room for someone to go to school and come out with whatever qualifications that he may have acquired and make these Divine claims. He can only be referred to as one who has refuted the Ahlul Bayt (asws) and nothing else. There is no point in discussing this further as any claim that is based on refutation of the Ahlul Bayt (asws) proves itself false anyhow. I shall discuss more about this in the next chapter. However, I shall now quote from Allamah Haeri's book: 'The Ahl Ul Zikr here are the scholars of the Holy Quran. They are those who are immersed in knowledge'.

First claim: _" Then we gave the Book for an inheritance to those whom we chose from among our servants; but of them is he who makes his soul to suffer a loss, and of them is he who takes a middle course, and of them is he who is foremost in deeds of goodness by Allah's permission; this is the great excellence" [35:32]_

There are numerous commentaries that the inheritors are Masoomeen (asws).

Second claim: _" And those who disbelieve say: You are not a messenger. Say: Allah is sufficient as a witness between me and you and whoever has knowledge of the Book." [13:43]_

The commentaries of Sunnis as well as Shia are unanimous that the words 'whoever has knowledge of the Book' refers to Moula Ali (asws). Only a few commentaries of the Sunnis have declared Abdullah Ibn Salam, a Jew, as the one who has the knowledge of the Book. Now, I don't know whether the claimants are making the claim of Moula Ali (asws) or Abdullah Ibn Salam. I leave this to you to decide.

Third claim _:[Shakir 13:43] And those who disbelieve say: You are not a messenger. Say: Allah is sufficient as a witness between me and you and whoever has knowledge of the Book."_

The commentaries of Sunnis as well as Shiites are unanimous that the words 'whoever has knowledge of the Book' denote Imam Ali (a.s.). Only a few commentaries of the Sunnis have declared Abdullah Ibn Salam, a Jew, as the one who has the knowledge of the Book. Now, I don't know whether the claimants are making the claim of Imam Ali (a.s.) or Abdullah Ibn Salam. I leave this to you to decide.

[Shakir 3:7] He it is Who has revealed the Book to you; some of its verses are decisive, they are the basis of the Book, and others are allegorical; then as for those in whose hearts there is perversity they follow the part of it which is allegorical, seeking to mislead and seeking to give it (their own) interpretation. But none knows its interpretation except Allah, and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge say: We believe in it, it is all from our Lord; and none do mind except those having understanding."

In other words, these people who are firmly rooted in knowledge know the same interpretation that Allah (s.w.t.) Knows. To be a partner in their knowledge means to be a partner in Allah (s.w.t.)'s Knowledge. I will not say anything more than this.

There have been so many claims that if we were to take these claims to court then the Judges would abandon their chairs and run away. You must be getting fed up with all these claims, although there are many more yet. I will now deal with one final claim and leave its exposition to you. You should also do some good deeds.

## Claim of Being Olil Amr (absolute command)

All I will say here is before making such a claim they should first understand what "amr" (command) is.The ugliness we see here is the same as the one we saw in the claim of 'Caliph of RasoolAllah (saw). The Shia, based on the Holy Quran and the statements of Masoomeen (asws) believe that 'Amr' stands for every thing that The Pen (Qalam) has written on The Guarded Tablet (Lawh Mahfooz). This includes everything in the universe, spirit and body, life and death, sustenance and children, sickness and health. Everything that is a 'thing' comes under this. Olil Amr, therefore, will be that person who has control over everything and whose obedience has been made obligatory upon one and all. Not a single atom of the universe would be outside His Wilayah and He would be Mahzer (manifestation) of the attribute of Allah "Maalik ul Mulk" (Master of the Universe). According to Shia beliefs, He would be the Master of everything regardless of whether the apparent authority has been vested unto him or not. It is another matter that, due to His being the Caliph of the Merciful, He gives enough rope to the criminals so sufficient proof can be established regarding their treachery. He is the real person of authority with His strength as well as His deeds.

In contrast the Sunnis are of the opinion that Olil Amr is one who established himself in authority in any corner of the world. The only condition is that he should be a Muslim. Now we have to see, between the two, as to which one have the mujtahids made the claim for. They have mixed these issues so much that a person would be utterly confused. The purpose is to get themselves recognised and accepted. I am now going to present to you the statements made by Allamah Haeri in his book Al Risalat Tanqeed fi Isbatul Ijtihad wa Taqleed .The problem is, when I started looking at his claim, I then came across a few more. I don't know which claim to deal with and which ones to leave out. Anyhow, you go through this and decide for yourself what claims have been made.

He says that: "'The word 'Olil Amr' in this ayah "if they had referred it to the Messenger and to those in authority among them, those among them who can search out the knowledge of it would have known it" (Sura Nisa ayah 83) means that there is more than one of them. The literal meaning of this is 'Masters or governors of the kingdom'. Those who wish to debate this point will take this to be the authority of a Prophet, or in His place to be the ruler of all of mankind. The Mujtahid is a ruler in the same meaning that a king would be. He represents the Imam (asws) in religion and the world, and covers the same territory that the imam (asws) does. Those people that are ignorant about these matters should refer to the Mujtahid as he, despite his angelic characteristics and authority as well as experience, is one of them. This is because the Mujtahid uses logic and rationalizations to extract the knowledge of Allah's commands and he knows the will of Allah, and then the mujtahid conveys them to the people so that the people would follow them'.

1.Mr. Mujtahid has used that particular meaning of the word Olil Amr that Allah has used for RasoolAllah (saw) and Masoomeen (asws). For this he has neither presented any divine verse, any statement of Masoomeen (asws) nor any intellectual argument for it. However, Mr. Khomeini restricted himself to only partial commands. What this means is that each Mujtahid is using this word in a different meaning. It is true that falsehood does not have any legs to stand on.

2.The claim is that they are the rulers of all mankind and not only the Shia. According to their own statements, they only have authority over their own followers (Muqallideen). This means that if a person was to be a follower of one Mujtahid, then the other mujtahids have no authority over him nor is he required to follow their fatwas. Look at the Divine Plan here that Allah has made them show that by their own words that their claims are false.

3.Then they change direction and restrict their authority to that of a King in power.

4.Then they remember their previous claims and so they include religion along with the world and become masters of the territory of Masoomeen (asws). If only my readers would understand this phrase 'become masters of the territory of the Holy Imams (asws.)' then they would seek refuge from these people who make such enormous claims. Imam Muhammad Taqi (asws) said, "Allah created Us and then created everything else. Then Allah made obedience to Us obligatory on everything'. "This is the extent of the territory of Masoomeen (asws). Even this is limited to our imagination. Only Allah is aware of its true depth and meaning.

5.He makes the claim that the Mutahid has angelic characteristics and has the same authority as them.

Let us now look at the characteristics of angels and then we will talk about their authority.

•The angels are creatures of light.

•The angels are sinless.

•The angels do not disobey Allah even for a moment.

•The angels get their knowledge from Allah directly.

Are these people entitled to make such claims as they do? Now let us look at the authority of angels;

•They bring about rainfall.

•They give out sustenance.

•They move the winds.

•They sort out the affairs of the world.

•They shape the foetus in the mother's womb.

•They take the souls out of the bodies.

Are these people making these claims? It is for sure though that they do interfere in the last deed. They may not take the soul out of the bodies but they surely take the faith out of us. If they say that they have used these words 'angelic characteristics and has the same authority as them' metaphorically, then I cannot accept this defence of theirs. No sane person of integrity would ever use these words for a start, nor would he make himself such a laughing stock. And then they say that despite these characteristics they are still one of the people. This clearly shows that they expected to be of a different species. Then the claim that 'This is because the Mujtahid uses his logic and reason to extract the knowledge of Allah's Commands and knows His Will" means that they are the ones referred to in the Verse:

" _And you do not will except that Allah wills, surely Allah is Knowing, Wise;" [76:30]_

I am not going to say anything at all about this, except that I seek justice from you.

# CHAPTER 10: TAQLEED

I have now come to the main topic of this book. As I previously mentioned, in every age there have been people who have called others to themselves and there has never been a shortage of people who heeded their calls and followed them. Moula Ali (asws) condemned people of this type who act like a flock of sheep and placed them at the bottom rung of the ladder of humanity. I have already quoted a hadeeth about this before and there is no need to do it again. Moula Ali (asws) declared those who run behind others and answer the call of any and every one as a kafir (unbeliever). A believer is one who is surrounded by the light of his intelligence by which he achieves guidance, safeguards his faith and stops him from going astray. In actual fact people did not understand intelligence and so got entangled and ended up with differences. The logician defines intellect in one way while the man of ethics defines it differently. The businessman understands it differently to the politician. This is the reason why every person considers himself to be clever and takes others to be as idiots. Only the creator of the intellect has the right to define its meaning. Thefore, the Tongue of Allah, Moula Ali (asws) defines it in this way: 'Intellect is that which makes a person gain the marifat of his Guide. That much intellect is sufficient for a man that enables him to recognise his Guide'. Now that intellect has been defined thus, there is no need to give any evidence to prove that the purpose of intellect is not to interfere in religious ordinances but to recognise them.

Now, every part wishes to associate itself with the whole and be with it. Likewise, our partial intellect also desires to be with the complete intellect. It then only has to follow the orders of the total intellect without any questions or doubts. This is because the partial intellect has already been through that stage and so if the total intellect orders the partial intellect to jump in a well then it should do so as the matter of knowledge, wisdom and infallibility is proven for the total intellect. All mistakes, faltering and delusions are its opposites and necessarily do not exist in the total intellect.

It therefore follows that blind following of total intellect is the correct use of intellect and this is Taqleed. This is the Taqleed which is an individual obligation without which none of a person's deeds are accepted. A deed performed without use of intellect is not acceptable anyhow.

Muhammad ibn 'Ubayda narrates, _"Once I was with Imam Musa Kazim (asws)when Imam (asws) asked me, 'O Muhammad, do you observe Taqlid more strictly than the group of Marja' does? I replied, 'They observe Taqlid and we observe Taqlid.' The Imam (asws)then said, 'I did not ask you about this.' I replied, "I did not have any answer other than the first one." The Imam (asws) then said, 'The group of Marja chose a man to whom obedience was not obligatory according to the commands of Allah but they obeyed and followed him strictly. You chose a man and considered obedience to him necessary according to the commands of Allah and then you did not follow him strictly. Therefore, they are stricter in Taqlid (following) than you are.'"_

(Usool e Kafi Kitab e Aql chapter 19)

As I have said before that Taqleed can only be done of one who possesses knowledge regarding every matter in the universe. There is no room for error or uncertainty. Every action they perform must be done with yaqeen (certainty). Therefore, based upon this understanding, performing taqleed of a non masoom is proof one's lack of intelligence because a non masoom is always prone to error and uncertainty. All of their actions are based upon qiyas and doubt. Therefore, intellect demands the one to whom taqleed is done must be a masoom.

Certain points come out of the above hadeeth:

1. Taqleed is done only to those Masooms that Allah has made Their obedience wajib upon all.

2. Performing taqleed of one whose obedience is not made wajib by Allah is haram (forbidden).

3. The one who performs taqleed of one whose obedience is not wajib cannot be considered a shia.

4. Those who perform taqleed of non masoom are very strict in their belief.

Once proving taqleed can only be for a Masoom, then automatically taqleed of a non masoom is proven haram. Look at what horrific results that are gained from such acts:

1.Narrator says, _"Once I asked Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) about the verse of the Holy Quran that says,_ _'People (unconditionally) obeyed the rabbis and the monks and worshipped the Messiah, son of Mary, as they (people) should have obeyed Allah . . .' (9:31)._ _The Imam (Asws) replied, 'By Allah they (rabbis) did not call people to worship them. If they had done so people would not have accepted it. The rabbis and monks made haram (unlawful) things halal ( lawful) for them and the halal (lawful) things as haram (unlawful). In this way they (people) worshipped (obeyed) them unintentionally.'"_ (Usool e Kafi Kitab e Aql chapter 19 hadith 1)

2.In this same chapter Imam (Asws) further says regarding this ayah _"People (unconditionally) obeyed the rabbis and the monks and worshipped the Messiah, son of Mary, as they should have obeyed Allah . . ." (9:31) The Imam (asws) said, 'By Allah, they (the people) did not pray or fast for them (rabbis and monks) but they (rabbis and monks) made halal (lawful) for the people what was haram (unlawful) and haram ( unlawful) what was halal ( lawful) and people followed them accordingly.'"_

This can also be proven from the following two ayahs:

" _And they have taken gods besides Allah, that they should be to them a source of strength;By no means! They shall soon deny their worshipping them, and they shall be adversaries to them" [19:81-82]_

In the explanation of these Verses, it has been narrated in Tafseer al Muttaqeen ref Tafseer Saafi and Tafseer Qummi that Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said, "Any person who disobeyed Allah and was obedient to a person then he has indeed made that person to be his god. On the day of judgement these 'gods' would then disassociate themselves from their worshippers (followers)'." I have already explained the differences in Fatwas of the Mujtahids in the chapter on differences before. You have just read two verses and one hadeeth where Taqleed of a non masoom has been categorised as 'Shak fil Ibaadat' (Doubt in worship) and those who perfom such acts have been declared as mushriks (polytheists). Shirk has a brother called kufr and they are with each other at all times. It is only better that I should now discuss this brother of shirk.

I am now quoting from Kitab Sulaim bin Qays Hillali pg no 65 a hadeeth of Ameerul Momineen (asws). Someone asked Ameerul Momineen (asws) what is the least act that makes a person become a kafir? Ameerul Momineen (asws) replied, 'The smallest thing which makes a person to be a kafir is that when a person adopts a religious act believing it to be the command of Allah even though it may or may not be. Then he makes a habit out of practicing it regularly. Instead of staying away from others like this he moves close to them. In his mind he thinks that he is acting according to the commands of Allah'.

Certain points come out of this hadeeth;

1.These people do not have correct belief regarding the real commands of Allah. Instead they depend upon their own presumptions and qiyas (analogies) to extract the law. They then act upon their own presumptions as if they were the orders of Allah. They do not even consider that Allah may have forbidden them to depend on their own qiyas.

2.They then collect these presumptuous orders and make a religion out of it.

3.They love people who do this. They consider those who do not do this as their enemies.

4.They worship their priests thinking that they are worshipping Allah.

This has now been clarified by this hadeeth. Keep this Hadeeth in your mind. When I discuss to you the definitions of taqleed given by the mujtahids, this hadith will be useful to you. I have already defined Taqleed above. Its obligation and its necessity for the acceptability of the deeds has been clarified. I have also explained the people whose Taqleed is obligatory upon us and whose is forbidden, the disastrous consequences of this has also been explained so that no doubt should remain now. It is up to you now to think as to where this Taqleed of non masoom came from. Moula Ali (asws) says, 'When you are in doubt about a matter, you can understand its ending by looking at its beginning'. We will now have to look at the history of the previous people to understand our position. We see that whenever a Prophet came, propagated a Religion, presented a Law, gave a Book and then after his death, his religion was changed, his Law was derided and his Book was altered. Then Allah sent another Prophet, and the whole cycle repeated itself. This is what happened from Adam (a.s.) up to Isa (a.s.).

Now my question is this. Who made these amendments to the religions, the people or the priests? Obviously,the priests. The people simply did not have the knowledge to do all these amendments. If this is what has happened since Adam (a.s.) then how can we say that this did not happen after the demise of RasoolAllah (saw)? At least in the time of the previous Prophets there was hope that another Prophet will come and sort things out again. Immediately after RasoolAllah (saw) left this world, the other people started acting upon the 'Sunnah' of the previous people. The Shia were saved from this by the presence of Masoomeen (asws) who put a stop to all the innovations. However, despite their presence the Ismailis started their own sect and after the seventh Holy Imam (asws) the Waqifiyya made their own sect. Allamah Majlisi writes that as soon as the eleventh Imam Hasan Al Askari (asws) left this world, and His body was still in the veranda of His house, the Shia divided themselves into sixteen sects. Can you imagine that if the Shia can do this during the physical presence of Masoomeen (asws), then what they are capable of during the ghaybat (occultation)?

The Shia scholars then had the golden opportunity to establish themselves as the leaders of religion. You have read in the chapter on Ijtihad that they had started taking parts out of religion during ghaybat (occultation). The work had already begun to classifying hadiths as doubtful whilst at the same time taking the principles of jurisprudence from the enemies of Masoomeen (asws). Thus causing confusion amongst the Shia. Confusion questions were being presented to the Shia and slowly they were being brainwashed into believing that religion is too complicated for them. In the seventh and the eight century Hijra, they received the reward of their efforts when they declared themselves worthy of Taqleed and invited the Shia to follow them. Some Shia who were firm in their beliefs opposed this new religion they were making. However, they were in a minority, and the more medicine the religion got, the more critical its condition became.

When this matter was started among the Sunnis their four sects became well known. A lot of them became marja's and built their own mosques. The government of the time was alarmed that if they keep going at this rate the Muslims would be split into thousands of sects. They then passed a law that whichever sect has been formed should pay a sum of one hundred thousand dirhams as a registration fee to the government treasury. This effectively closed the door of Ijtihad among them for good. The four sects paid over this sum and got their sects registered. But the Shia sect could not get registered – why? You will realise this in a moment. At that time both the scholars, Sheykh Mufid as well as Syed Murtaza were present, and both used to receive government stipends.

Both were financially well off, and it was not beyond their means to get hold of the money in order to register the Shia sect. Against them was Syed Razi, who was not a scholar. He was a 'malang' type fellow. He collected donations from the people but could not meet the government deadline. The question that should be in every one's mind is how come these two scholars kept quiet whilst a non scholar ran around making great efforts? As a matter of principle these two scholars should be making the effort. The harder you think about it the more you will realise that if the Shia sect had been registered then the doors of ijtihad would have been closed for them and they would not have been capable of having people perform their taqleed. This is why they kept this door open, and considering the Shia to be like sheep, kept them ignorant of their religion and established their Taqleed on them. Now, if the Shia do not accept their Taqleed and do not pay them their Khums, neither can their deeds be accepted nor can they achieve forgiveness. Now the people are at the mercy of the Mujtahids. If mujtahids want they can send the people to Paradise or if they want they can get the people flung into Hell. If you can understand this beginning, then you shall come to know its ending. The only conditions are, of being just and having a pure intention.

If you were to go thorough the Holy Quran with concentration you will see that whenever Allah has ordered us to follow someone it has always been a Masoom. When you look at Allamah Hilli's book 'Alfeyn' and Allamah Majlisi's book 'Haq Ul Yaqeen' in the first volume you will see that these two great Sheykhs have dicussed the concept of Imamate in great lengths and have concluded that Infallibility is a necessity. They have made a Verse of the Holy Quran as their basis that since an ordinary person is prone to error, therefore he may give a correct decision and sometimes he may not. Therfore, obedience to a non masoom is a horrendous thing and Allah cannot give such an order. As far as obedience to a non masoom is concerned, this has been condemned time an again in the Holy Quran. Every prophet has declared the people who do this as kafir and mushriks.

"Nay! they say: We found our fathers on a course, and surely we are guided by their footsteps." [43:22]

If now someone were to tell you that this is to do with beliefs whereas the Mujtahids are telling you to follow them in actions, then this is just an attempt to lead you astray. It was not so that the unbelievers were following their fathers in their beliefs but used to follow RasoolAllah (saw) in actions. Therefore the condemnation is for both the following in beliefs as well as actions. Taqleed has gone very far in this day and age. At first they used to say that there is no Taqleed in beliefs, but only in actions. Nowadays this is slowly changing. Whatever beliefs they teach you is what they expect you to have and no more. If any Shia were to speak on matters of beliefs any more that what they have taught him, then they straight away issue a fatwa on him of being a ghali (exaggerator). If they have no right to interfere in beliefs then why these fatwas on matters of belief? They have now included Taqleed in matters of Principles of Religions (Usool E Deen) and they make the claim that without this none of our deeds are

acceptable. It is obvious that the acceptability of deeds is based on beliefs.

## Literal Explanation of Taqleed

I am now coming to the issue of Taqleed as explained by Allamah Haeiri in his book Al Risalat Tanqeed fi Isbatul Ijtihad wa Taqleed . Afterwards I will give you its refutation accordingly. He has defined Taqleed as: "'In its literal form the root word of Taqleed is 'Qaladah'. This is the collar worn on the neck, just like when a rope is tied around the neck of an animal. In this way the ignorant people put the Mujtahid's collar around its neck and follow him accordingly, and cannot go against his will. "In its general usage Taqleed is the adoption of a Mujtahid's statements and acting upon it without asking for any proofs'." Is this because the general populace is ignorant and they do not need any proofs? They should now consider the statements of the Mujtahids as the Commands of Allah and act on them.

In the previous pages there was a discussion about the hadeeth of Moula Ali (asws) where He was asked as to what is the minimum that turns one to kafir. I hereby request you to read that again and in its background survey the above definitions.

Allamah Haeri then goes on to say: 'In the absence of the RasoolAllah (Saw) and Masoomeen (asws), there are two types of people upon whom the ordinances of religion are obligatory –knowledgeable and ignorant'. It is obvious that since the muqqalid (follower) has given his leash in the hands of the Mujtahid then he does not have the right to any proof, but if he does pluck up the courage to ask for proofs then he should be ready to hear the answer: 'You should go and give your leash in the hands of some other Mujtahids if you do not accept what I say'.

## Proofs of Taqleed

I am now going to present to you the proofs of Taqleed as given by Allamah Haeri in his book Al Risalat Tanqeed fi Isbatul Ijtihad wa Taqleed and from various other Mujtahids.

First Proof

They present this Verse:

" _And We did not send before you any but men to whom We sent revelation-- so ask the followers of the Reminder if you do not know" [16:43]_

1."'The order 'so ask' applies to those upon whom the religion has been made obligatory."

(I say that this is applicable to the Mujtahids as well because the religion is also obligatory on them.)

2."This order to ask is valid till the day of judgement as people will always have the need to ask'.

(What this means is that the existence of the Mujtahids will also be there until the day of judgement, even after the reappearance of Imam e Zamana (atfs).)

3.'"The Taqleed can only be done to the Ahlul Zikr (people of rememberance) who are alive because a dead person does not have the capability to answer questions'.

(MashaAllah! These days taqleed to the dead mujtahids is being done. Therefore they will either have to refute this proof of theirs or make the claim that a dead Mujtahid does have the capability of answering questions.)

4."'It is established from ijma (consensus) and hadiths of the Muslims that the Holy Quran is the 'Zikr' and that the people of the 'Zikr' are the people of the Holy Quran."

" **Allah has prepared for them severe chastisement, therefore be careful of (your duty to) Allah, O men of understanding who believe! Allah has indeed revealed to you a reminder," [65:10]**

This claim can only be made by those who are immersed in the knowledge of the Holy Quran. They are experts regarding it. They possess oceans of knowledge regarding its ayahs. They know which ayahs are abrogated, allegorical, general or special, and they know its revelation and exposition. The first category is of the Ahl Ul Bayt (asws). After that is there are two types of scholars. The first is of those companions like Ibn Abbas and Ibn Mas'ud. The next category is of the scholars from the type of the repentants 'Tawwabeen' until the scholars of today'.

Critique of the First Proof

Firstly, there is no doubt that this verse is a command and it is obligatory to ask if you do not know. However, this is a divine command from Allah, and for someone to interfere in this with his opinion is to argue against Allah Himself. Now that it has been agreed that it is obligatory to ask, we have to see who the questioner is and who is to be asked. The Verse is clear that the ones to be questioned are the 'Ahl Ul Zikr' and that everyone apart from them are the questioners. It is also obligatory for the Ahl Ul Zikr to exist until the day of judgement for people to question them.

This is the same as in the Verse:

" _O you who believe! be careful of (your duty to) Allah and be with the true ones." [9:119]_

This means that in every day and age there must be at least one 'true one' in existence. These both Verses actually prove Imamate. How is it possible that Allah tells us to ask the Ahl Ul Zikr but does not tell us who they are and for us to be with the truthful without letting us know who the true ones are? Even a normal person would realise it cannot be that Allah gave the order to question the Ahl Ul Zikr but leaves it to the people to chose whosoever they want to question. In this way every sect would simply question those which they consider to be knowledgeable. If this were to be accepted then there would be no distinction between right and wrong resulting in the Holy Quran and religious ordinances being toys in the hands of the people.

This is because the word 'scholar' has a very wide meaning. The one who has read ten books is a scholar, but so is the one who has read one hundred books. If we were to say that it is those who have studied in a religious Madressa who are being refered to here then the scholars of Al Azhar University of Cairo would be the most eligible to make this claim of being the Ahl Ul Zikr as this is an internationally recognised university. This is making a mockery of the Holy Quran and religion. So every person of intellect will realise that Allah must have informed us as to whom the Ahl Ul Zikr are so that the Ummah does not get involved in differences. I have already discussed this verse before and presented to you the Hadeeth which have clearly established that Ahlul Zikr are none other than Masoomeen (asws).

The ghaybat of Imam (atfs) does not mean that all of His rights have now been transferred to non masoom. Questioning someone does not necessarily mean that it must be done in front of him. When we say 'let us ask the Holy Quran what it has to say about this', it does not mean that we speak to it and it speaks back at us. In the same way during the ghaybat of our Imam (atfs), we cannot ask Him directly and so we have to refer to those statements which have already been made. Because the 'one to be questioned' is the Holy Imam (atfs) and no one else. However, there is one important thing to note. While it is obligatory on us to ask, it is not obligatory on Them to answer. Therefore, if we cannot find the answer in Their sayings, then it is obligatory on us to refain from performing the act until such time as we can find out what it is They have to say because this is what They have ordered us to do.

Imam (asws) said, _" Restraint in confusing cases is better than indulging in destruction.'_ " (Kafi, Kitab e Aql chapter 23 hadith 10)

There are nine **Hadeeth in Al Kafi – Kitab e Hujjat chapter 19** which clearly state that the Ahl Ul Zikr are the Imams (a.s.) of the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.s.), I will only be quoting three of them here for brevity.

1. **Hadith 3:** Narrator says, " _Once I said to Imam Reza (asws), 'May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, what is the meaning of the words of Allah, "Ask the people of Dhikr if you do not know"? (16:43, 21: 7) The Imam (asws) said, 'Dhikr is Prophet Muhammad (saw) and We are His Family (Ahlul) who must be asked for guidance.' I further asked, 'Are you the ones who must be asked for guidance and we will be the ones to ask questions?' The Imam (asws)said, 'Yes, that is true.' I then asked, 'Will it be obligatory upon us to ask You?' The Imam (asws) , said, 'Yes, it is so.' I then asked, 'Will it be obligatory on You to answer us?' The Imam (asws) said, 'No, We will decide. We may or may not answer. Have you not heard the words of Allah, the Most Holy, and the Most High that say, "This is a gift from Us. You may give to others and oblige or keep without being held accountable.'"_

2. **Hadith 2:** Someone asked Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) regarding this ayah, _"'Ask the people of Dhikr if you do not know.' (16:43, 21: 7)_ _The Imam (asws) said, 'Prophet Muhammad (saw) is Dhikr and We are Ahlul Dhikr who must be asked for guidance.' I also asked about, '_ _It is a reminder for you and for your people and you all must be asked (for guidance).' (43:44)_ _The Imam (asws) said, 'It is a reference to Us. We are Ahlul Dhikr and We must be asked for guidance.'"_

3. **Hadith 8:** Imam Reza (asws) says, _"Imam Ali (asws) bin Hussain (asws)has said, " 'Certain obligations for 'A'immah are not obligatory for Their followers and certain obligations of Our followers are not obligatory for Us. Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has commanded them to ask Us their questions saying, "Ask Ahlul Dhikr if you do not know," thus, Allah has commanded them to ask Us their questions for Guidance but it is not obligatory for Us to answer them. We may answer them or may not answer them.'"_

After all this there should not remain any doubt that Ahl Ul Zikr are Masoomeen (Asws) and no one else. Whosoever claims someone else is Ahlul Zikr, they are forging lies against Masoomeen (asws) and thereby Allah as well. I leave it to you to decide what the verdict should be of one such a claimant.

Allamah Haeri has gone even further. Not only does he make this claim for himself but he has included Ibn Abbas and Ibn Masu'd and the Tabeiin as well. These people were alive during the times of Masoomeen (asws). In reality what he is saying is not only during the period of ghaybat but during the presence of Masoomeen (asws) as well there were some people who were known as "Ahlul Zikr". Can it be imagined that these people are the ones that the people have been commanded to question?

Another weak point in their argument is that they have included the ijma (consensus) of muslims alongside the Hadeeth of Masoomeen (Asws). It may be that according to them Masoomeen (asws) may not be giving the complete explanation of the Holy Quran and that the consensus of the Muslims therefore became necessary for them. This just goes to show exactly how much they regard Masoomeen (asws) and Their sayings.

Then he goes on to claim that according to the Verse it is established that the Holy Quran is Zikr and that the people of Zikr are the people of the Holy Quran. This is an invalid point to make. Take a look at the Verses:

" _Allah has prepared for them severe chastisement, therefore be careful of (your duty to) Allah, O men of understanding who believe! Allah has indeed revealed to you a reminder, A Messenger who recites to you the clear signs of Allah so that he may bring forth those who believe and do good deeds from darkness into light; and whoever believes in Allah and does good deeds, He will cause him to enter gardens beneath which rivers now, to abide therein forever, Allah has indeed given him a goodly sustenance." [65:10-11]_

These clearly state that the 'Zikr'(a reminder) is RasoolAllah (saw) and therefore, the Ahl Ul Zikr would be Masoomeen (asws) and not Allama Haeri or Ibn Abbas or Ibn Mas'ud etc. It is another altogether if they consider themselves and these persons to be part of Ahlul Bayt (asws). Finally, the questioners have been obligated to do Taqleed, which has not been proven anywhere. There is no mention of either Taqleed, or Mujtahid or Ijtihad anywhere in the Verse. Whatever has been said by Allama Haeri has been based on his own qiyas. Now the first proof of Allamah Haeri has hereby been refuted.

Second Proof

Allamah Haeri then presents his second proof of Taqleed based on a Hadeeth:

When RasoolAllah (saw) designated Sa'ad Bin Muadh Bin Jabal as a judge in Yemen RasoolAllah (saw) asked him: 'O Sa'ad! How will you pass judgement amongst these people?' He replied: 'From the Book of Allah'. RasoolAllah (saw) then asked:' And if you cannot find it in the Book of Allah?' Sa'ad said: 'From Your statements'. RasoolAllah (Saw) then asked: 'And if you cannot find it there either then how will you pass judgment?' Sa'ad then replied: 'I shall do Ijtihad with my own opinion'. RasoolAllah (saw) then performed a sajda e shukr (prostration of thanksgiving) to Allah that He has endowed His (RasoolAllah saw) companion with that which is beloved to Allah and also liked by His Prophet (saw)."

By presenting this proof Allamah Haeri has broken all limits. He also forgot the well known Hadeeth that even children are aware of where RasoolAllah (saw) has said: '"If a hadith is attributed to Us and it contradicts Quran, then fling it against the wall". The Hadeeth that he has presented not only contradicts one but many a verse in the Holy Quran.

1.Sura Ma'aida ayah 44: "and whoever did not judge by what Allah revealed, those are they that are the kafirs."

2.Sura Ma'aida ayah 45: "and whoever did not judge by what Allah revealed, those are they that are the oppressors"

3.Sura Ma'aida ayah 47: "whoever did not judge by what Allah revealed, those are they that are the sinners."

4.Sura Anaam ayah 144: "Who, then, is more unjust than he who forges a lie against Allah that he should lead astray men without knowledge? Surely Allah does not guide the unjust people."

According to the above verses one who does not judge according to what Allah has revealed is a sinner, oppressor, unjust, and kafir. If I were to rely on the hadeeth that has been presented by Allamah Haeri then it would mean that (maazAllah) Allah and RasoolAllah (saw) regard the sinners, oppressors, unjust and kafirs to be beloved.

Now what do you say? Shall we accept this hadeeth? Now that this hadith which is the basis for taqleed has been proven false not only is their proof invalidated but their entire claim as well.

For the refutation of this Hadeeth, whatever has been said so far is sufficient. To the Mujtahid worshippers I say that this Hadeeth does not even meet the standards of their own criteria. The famous traditionist Al Tirmidhi has commented on this Hadeeth that not only is it extremely weak but it has a broken chain of its narrators. It also contradicts the Hadeeth in which RasoolAllah (saw) told Sa'ad Bin Muadh to write to Him (RasoolAllah saw) for an explanation of things he (Sa'ad) does not know about and he shall receive a written reply.

Third Proof

Allamah Haeri then presents his third proof of Taqleed which is based upon the Hadeeth from Masoomeen (asws) which says: 'It is upon Us to give you the principles of the Commandments of Allah and its analysis is upon you'.

Well, first of all there has never been any muhaddith (narrator of hadith) who lived amongst Masoomeen (asws) that has narrated this saying. This is sufficient as a proof of its invalidity.

Secondly, this Hadeeth neither contains the words 'Ijtihad', 'istambaat' or 'Taqleed', so how can this be a proof of all these?

Thirdly, there is nothing in this Hadeeth to suggest that Masoomeen (asws) are addressing mujathids only. This Hadeeth is addressed to one and all.

Fourthly, if they are saying that it was the responsibility of Masoomeen (asws) to give the principles to the Mujtahids only, then did Masoomen (asws) do so or not? If so, when and to which Mujtahid? What were those principles given? What is the most ridiculous is that they have taken the principles of jurisprudence from the enemies of Masoomeen (asws) and based the whole of Ijtihad on this. On the other hand they are claiming to have taken these from Masoomeen (asws). They are therefore forging lies against Masoomeen (asws).

Fifthly, there is no time limit indicated in this hadeeth that for how long will the Holy Imam (asws.) give us the principles and from when will they stop. There is also no indication to suggest what will happen to this during the period of ghaybat as it is not necessary for the Holy Imam (atfs) be present in front of us to give us these principles. This can also be given to us in our hearts if we were to incline our hearts to the Holy Imam (atfs.). How is it possible for these to be inspired in the hearts which contain the principles of the enemies of Masoomeen (asws)? Therefore, if on the basis of this Hadeeth, these principles are being given, then on whom are they being given? What method is being used and at which place are they being given? In refutation of their claim, their own differences of opinion are sufficient. It is not possible that a Masoom (asws) would inspire one thing to one Mujtahid and an opposite thing to another Mujtahid. Neither is a Masoom part of their differences nor is His purpose to create conflicts.

Sixthly, if the Holy Imams (asws) can inspire principles, They can also explain them. Was it lack of time that stopped Them from doing so? They were present among us for over three hundred years. Is this not sufficient time for the explanations of these principles? Are they telling me that the explanations of these principles was left to these people of deficient intellects?

It has been proven from the above discussion that this hadith is false and has been falsely attributed to Masoomeen (asws).

Fourth Proof

For his fourth proof Allamah Haeri presents this Hadeeth narrated from Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws). Imam (asws) says, 'O Aban Bin Taghlub! You should sit in the Mosqueof RasoolAllah (saw)and issue fatwas as it would please Me if the world can see a shia mufti like you".

The time of Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) was a period of taqayyah as the rule was of the Banu Umayyah. This is why I cannot understand how a Shia Mufti can sit in the mosque of RasoolAllah (saw) (Which was in governmental control and was the centre of their affairs) and openly issue fatwas in such a repressive time. However, this hadith still is not a proof for Taqleed nor is it a proof for Ijtihad. The concept that someone can issue fatwas based on his own opinion in the presence of a Masoom Imam (asws) is simply a dream. At the utmost you can see is that Aban Bin Taghlub would be using the verses of the Holy Quran and the available hadeeth for his fatwas and no more. Neither was he allowed to use his own qiyas nor was he told to invite people to do his Taqleed. If a Mujtahid issues a fatwa based on a hadeeth then it is acceptable. Otherwise anything based on qiyas is to be refuted. This Hadeeth, instead of proving Taqleed, actually proves my point.

Fifth Proof

Allamah Haeri presented his fifth proof based on an incomplete Hadeeth. Imam (asws) said: 'I forbid you to give fatwas to the people on matters which you know not'.

However, this hadeeth is completely against the mujtahid as he really does not know the matter on which he issues fatwas. This was testified by Mufti Jafar Hussain when he said that a mujtahid's fatwa is based on qiyas and conjecture and that ijma (consensus) and qiyas (analogy) are two important pillars of Ijtihad. Moula Ali (asws)said, 'Even when he issues a fatwa he has doubt whether the fatwa he has gives is correct or not. And when he gives an incorrect fatwa he doubts that maybe it was correct'. Therefore this hadeeth has no bearing whatsoever on Taqleed and the whole foundation of Ijtihad crumbles based upon this.

I have no idea why he has used this hadeeth for his proof, or was it divine inspiration that made him do it so that his own pen would bear witness against himself. It's like he has cut his own foot with his own axe.

Sixth Proof

For his sixth proof he presents this hadith;

Imam (asws) said, _"'I hereby forbid you to issue fatwas based on your opinion and qiyas (analogy)'."_

This hadeeth is actually cutting off the branch on which all the mujtahids have built their houses and their whole businesses are being invalidated with this. This is completely contradicting the hadeeth he presented before for his second proof whereby RasoolAllah (saw) congratulated Sa'ad Bin Muadh for using his opinions and fell into sajda e shukr to Allah. You can see for yourself the state of their proofs.

Seventh Proof

For his seventh proof he present the Hadeeth: 'Whosoever issues Fatwas without knowledge gets cursed by the angels of Mercy'. This is an incomplete hadeeth. I have given this complete Hadeeth before. The hadeeth has actually broken the back of Ijtihad and made it the target of the curses from the angels of mercy and punishment. All this misappropriation is happening because they have taken the principles of ijtihad, like analogy and consensus, from the enemies and are going around wearing the Hadeeth of Thaqalayn like an amulet around their necks.

Eighth Proof

For his eighth proof he presents the Hadeeth:

Imam (asws) said, ' _Whosoever issues Fatwa without knowing the abrogated and the unabrogated Verses is in destruction and will remain in punishment eternally'._

First of all tell me, has anyone else apart from Masoomeen (Asws) ever made a claim to know all these various verse of the Holy Quran? Now let us look at the status of the claims of the mujtahids and their knowledge.

## Knowledge of a Mujtahid

Remember that in order to become a mujtahid, one only studies up to 500 ayahs of the Holy Quran from the abrogated and unabrogated and the clear and the allegorical. The other ayahs he does not learn about. Before someone objects to what I have said, I will quote from Allamah Hilli's book 'Mabadi Al Wusool Ala Ilm Ul Usool':

'A Mujtahid should have the capability to enable him to implement Sharia law based on evidence. This is only possible when he understands the meanings of the words and the Divine Pleasure and the infallibility of RasoolAllah (saw). He should achieve a standard whereby he can understand the Divine Intention and the apparent meaning of the words in their solitary form as well as the context in which they have been used. He should be able to maintain the sequence of the words as well as preserve their apparent and inner meanings. Along with this he should be aware of the abrogated and the unabrogated Verses. He should also be in the know which Hadeeth are solitary and which are multiple. He should also know the basis of giving preference to a Hadeeth or a verse and how to apply the proofs on these. This can only be gained from the understanding of the Holy Quran. The whole of the Holy Quran is not necessary for this. The 500 ayahs that are related to commands is sufficient for knowing all of this. There is also no need to memorise all the hadeeth. The knowledge of only those hadeeth related to those five hundred verses is sufficient. Arrangements should be made so that the necessary Verse or hadeeth should be brought to the fore. Then he should also understand the concept of consensus (Ijma) so that he does not end up issuing Fatwa against the consensus. He should also know the limits of proofs (Burhan). He should also know the Arabic grammar and syntax and also have an eye on the narrators of Hadeeth. When he comes to know all this then he is, without doubt, a Mujtahid.

Did you see the claims regarding the issues the mujtahid should have knowledge of:

1.Be aware of Divine Pleasure.

2.Know the Intentions of Allah

3.Know all the abrogated and the unabrogated verses.

4.Know all the apparent and the hidden meanings of the verses.

5.Know the clear and the allegorical Verses.

And how is this going to be achieved? By referring to only five hundred verses of the Holy Quran which pertain to the ordinances, and only those Hadeeth. The funny part is that despite having the knowledge of the whole Quran, his knowledge would still remain deficient unless he has the knowledge of consensus. Was there any deficiency in the Holy Quran which this consensus will complete it?

Ninth Proof

Allamah Haeri then gives five questions as his ninth proof of Taqleed.

1.Do you not make use of your intellect?

2.Do you not utilise analysis?

3.Do you not ponder?

4.O people of vision, take lesson from this.

5.O people of heart and wisdom, take lesson from this.

All these five points are actually translations of the verses of the Holy Quran. Look at these points again and then tell me whether there is any mention here of a Mujtahid, or Taqleed or Ijtihad anywhere? The more you ponder over these the more you will realise that these points in actual fact are contradicting the concept of Taqleed. Do not sell your vision and intellect to others. Use your own mind. This will lead you to conclude that since your intellects are deficient, it becomes necessary to seek refuge in an Masoom Imam (asws) to remove any possibility of stumbling. This will give us yaqeen (certainty) that our actions are correct. If we refer to people of deficient intellect then we will end up spending all our lives in doubt and confusion. Allamah Haeri is using these very ayahs of Quran which in reality are against taqleed as his proof for taqleed. What can I say now? Everything is permissible for him now since he is aware of divine pleasure. He says: 'The Verses which have been quoted above have a very wide and general meaning. They not only prove the following of a live Mujtahid but also prove Marja'iat. He then goes on to present four Hadeeth to prove the system of representatives of the Imam (Atfs).

Tenth Proof

He uses the Hadeeth of RasoolAllah (saw), 'My scholars are like the Prophets of Bani Israeel', as his tenth proof of Taqleed. The reason for using this hadeeth is to safeguard the people from ignorance and stop them from straying from the Holy Quran and religious ordinances. These scholars are therefore to be given the same status as Prophets and that it be made obligatory upon the people to take religious ordinances from them.

I have already dealt with this hadeeth in the chapter on CLAIMS before and there is no need to repeat the discussion again here. Just as a reminder, please note that this hadeeth is not to be found in Shia books, but it has been taken from the books of the Sunnis. However, even by their own standards, this hadith has been classified as doubtful. This is in clear contradiction to the Holy Quran and so should be left aside. Forget about making claims to be equal to the Prophet Suleyman (a.s.) and Prophet Musa (a.s.), we cannot even imagine any such thing.

Eleventh Proof

And for his eleventh proof of Taqleed he uses the tradition of Umar Ibn Hunzala from Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) which is accepted by all as being correct. Only part of the tradition is quoted here:

'They must look for one amongst you who has narrated Our Hadith and has studied what is halal (lawful) and haram ( unlawful) according to Our teachings and has learned Our laws. They must agree to settle their dispute by his judgement; I have given him authority to settle your disputes. If he issues a judgement according to Our commands but then it is not accepted, the dissenting party has ignored the commands of Allah and it is a rejection of Us. Rejecting us is rejecting Allah and that is up to the level of paganism and shirk.'

I don't understand whether Allamah Haeri is presenting proofs of his argument or making a charge sheet against himself. How does this hadeeth prove Ijtihad and Taqleed? This Hadeeth proves him to be a pagan and mushrik (polytheist). Let us now see what conclusions can be drawn from this hadeeth;

1.There is no mention of Ijtihad, or Taqleed of a Mujtahid.

2.The judge is one to narrates hadeeth and judges according to the commands of Masoomeen(asws) and not base them on his own zan (conjectures) and qiyas (analogies).

3.He knows what is lawful and unlawful and passes judgements based on them. Ijtihad is only done when one does not know what is halal (lawful) and haram (unlawful).

4.The judge knows the teachings of Masoomeen (asws). If the Mujtahids knew these then they would not have taken principles of jurisprudence from the enemies and started Ijtihad.

5.The only judge acceptable is one who judges according to the teachings of the Masoomeen (asws) and not one who does so based upon his own opinion.

6.Not accepting the orders of Masoomeen (asws) is to reject the commands of Allah

7.Whosoever rejects the commands of Masoomeen (asws) is actually rejecting the commands of Allah

8.The crime of rejecting the statements of Masoomeen (asws) is so great that it amounts to shirk. Allah has already stated shirk can never be forgiven.

And so Allamah Haeri, instead of planting the flag of Taqleed should try and save his skin.

Twelfth Proof

For his twelfth proof Allamah Haeri uses this Hadeeth:

' _Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) sent me to His companions to tell them that when you have any dispute in your dealings and if you need to consult these judges, then instead you should chose amongst you one person who understands what we have made halal and haram. Then I appoint such a person to be a judge over you'._

Once again we are talking about people who narrate hadeeth. There is no mention here about Ijtihad or Mujtahid or Taqleed.

Thirteenth Proof

For this he has quoted a hadeeth of Imam Hasan Al Askari (asws) from Al Ihtijaj Tabarsi. Imam (asws) says, "'Whoever among the jurists who is free from personal bias, safeguards his religion, contradicts his own self desires and is obedient to his master, the people are allowed to do his Taqleed'.

The explanation of this hadeeth is extremely necessary as they have used it as a weapon to establish their businesses and deceived the people into falling into their trap of Taqleed.

The first thing is that in this Hadeeth the Holy Imam (asws) has not used the word Ijtihad or Mujtahid but Faqih (jurist) has been used. Therefore it becomes necessary first of all to understand who a Faqih actually is. I have explained before in the chapter of IJTIHAD that this word has never been used in the Holy Quran or byMasoomeen (asws) for the purposes of 'Furoo', but that this version is the invention of the offices of the Mujtahids. Imam Hussain (asws)'s reference to Habib Ibn Mazahir as a 'Faqih' proves the point. I will now quote again one Hadeeth and then another one so that you can understand who a Faqih actually is, because it has been implanted in your brains that Faqih means a Mujtahid.

Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) said: _'A person who is a Faqih has two characteristics – He has no greed and is not even concerned with what he is wearing or eaten'_ – (Al Khisal chapter Khisalat Hadeeth No. 22.)

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said: _"Know the position of Our Shia through their good reports from Us because We do not consider the faqih from among them to be faqih unless he becomes a Muhaddith_ (Narrator of traditions)." (Wilayat e Faqih)

It is clear that at the time of Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) the word Faqih was being used in the same meaning that it is being used today i.e. Mujtahid. The process of making hadeeth to be doubtful and the process of opinions and qiyas were in full swing. In this context, the hadeeth above assumes even more importance because a faqih is not someone who issues fatwas based on his opinion but one who narrates hadiths. They do not say anything from themselves but just deliver the message to the people in its pure form. Therefore it follows that in the hadeeth quoted as proof by Allamah Haeri we will have to take the faqih to mean the narrator of hadiths not those for whom the hadeeth takes second place. Their whole business is being run on opinions and qiyas. There is no way we can use the term faqih to mean a mujtahid in this hadeeth. Even the narrators of hadeeth are not all to be taken as faqihs as Imam (asws) has placed certain conditions on them. Thefore we can draw the following points from this discussion:

1.The term faqih denotes a Muhaddith (narrator of hadith) and not a Mujtahid.

2.The faqih is one who keeps himself clean from the impurity of personal bias. (Does not issue Fatwas based on opinions or enriches himself from religion).

3.The faqih is one who safeguards his religion. (How can a person, who adopts other people's views and depends on only part of the Holy Quran, be one of these? In fact he is a double criminal – one to spoil his own religion and destroying the faith of his followers as well).

4.The faqih goes against his own desires. (A person who struggles for government and considers this as his religion, and sacrifices millions of people for it will not be one of these)

5.A faqih who is obedient to his master (Imam (asws) This condition is so clear that there is no need for further explanation. I would like you to refer to the Eighth Chapter "Opposing Masoom (asws)" for this context. The opponent as well as his follower, both are criminals here.

6.Therefore only one who meets all these conditions will be found to be deserving to be followed. No one else. He will only give out narrations and nothing personal from himself. His adherance will in reality be the Taqleed of Masoomeen (asws) because it will only be Their orders that are being followed and no one else's. This Taqleed is the obligatory one without which no deeds are acceptable.

Based on the above discussion, to consider the Mujtahids as the ones to be followed is to deceive one's self. There is nothing of Ijtihad in this hadeeth here, nor is there anything to accept the Taqleed of one who, instead of narrating the hadeeth of Masoomeen (asws) makes people follow his own fatwas.

Allmah Haeri's proofs are now complete. However, a book was published by the 'Jamiat Ta'alimaat Islami of Karachi', run under the supervision of Mujtahid Agha Al Khoie, named 'Ijtihad and Taqleed'. In this book they not only gave Allamah Haeri's arguments discussed above, but some more as well. I would now like to go through those so that no point remains unresolved. I shall now present two proofs of theirs and then discuss them, as they are both similar.

Fourteenth Proof

Sheykh Muhammad Bin Hassan Amili in Wasaail Us Shia has a Hadeeth that Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) said to Muadh: 'O Muadh! I have heard that you sit in the Mosque and issue Fatwas?' He replied: 'Yes master. This is how it is. Whatever I have got from you I relate it to your Shia and your friends'. Imam (asws) replied: 'Keep doing that'.

Fifteenth Proof

In Wasail Us Shia there is a narration that one day a man called Abdul Aziz came to Imam Reza (asws) and told Imam (Asws) that he lives far away and cannot come to Him (the Imam asws) to solve any problems, and so will he allow him to ask Yunus Ibn Abdul Rahman? The Imam (asws) replied: 'Yes'.

Five conclusions can be derived from the two proofs presented above.

1. Both the persons i.e. Muadh as well as Abdul Aziz were companions Masoomeen (Asws)

2. Both of them are deriving the ordinances from Masoomeen (asws)

3. Both of them are muhaddiths (narrators of hadeeth) and not mujtahids.

4. Both of them consider personal opinions and qiyas to be prohibited.

5. Both of them are under the Wilayah of Masoomen (asws) Neither have they been thrown out of the Wilayah nor did they make claim to be Walis.

And so both these proofs have been refuted.

Sixteenth Proof

Tradition from Imam Al-Mahdi (atfs) in a reply to Ishaq ibn Ya'qub:

_"As far as newly occurring circumstances are concerned, you should turn (for guidance) to the narrators of Our ahadith, for they are my proof over you just as I am Allah's proof."_ – (Kamal ul Deen al Sudooq and Ahtijaj al Tabrisi)

The institution that presented this proof translated it correctly into urdu, however, the scholars of them fooled the people by explaining it as thus: 'It is clear from this hadeeth that during the major occultation the Shia should refer to the Mujtahids for the answers to their problems'.

Now, the hadeeth above neither mentions Ijtihad nor Mujtahid. Everyone is not ignorant that they would all fall into this trap. The reference is clearly to the narrators of hadeeth and not to Mujtahids. This is because the basis of the Fatwa of the Mujtahid is on opinion and qiyas, whereas the Muhaddith simply relates the words of Masoomeen (asws) exactly as they are. Fatwa has been defined as the 'Personal opinion of the Mujtahid after using his logic and reason to deduce the knowledge regarding the matter at hand".

Seventeenth Proof

"We hereby present to you the statement of the great scholar, narrator and special representative of our Imam (asws.), Uthman Bin Sa'eed Umari. When he gave the reply prohibiting something, to one of the questioners, he made an addition to it. He said: 'I am not giving you this decision from myself. I am not allowed under any circumstances to make lawful anything. I am just giving you the statement of Masoomeen (asws)''

It is completely useless to comment upon this proof as this has completely uprooted the foundations of ijtihad and made fatwas to be prohibited. I have already given you the proof against Ijtihad and Taqleed from which these points were established:

The sect of the Mujtahids is completely opposite to the sect of Ahl Ul Bayt (asws)

1.The Mujtahids have taken all the tools of Ijtihad from the Sunnis, which have nothing to do with Masoomeen (asws)

2.The Mujtahids have established a worldly and religious order against Masoomeen (asws). They have made obedience to themselves obligatory upon the Shia and do not permit them to ask whether their Fatwas are according to the Masoomeen (asws) or not.

3.The Mujtahids have made claims of Imamate and Wilayah and their slogan is 'Death to the deniers of Wilayat e Faqih' (marg bar munkire wilayate Faqih).

4.The Mujtahids have usurped the titles and positions of Masoomeen (asws) and allocated it for themselves.

5.The beliefs of the Mujtahids are in contradiction to the beliefs of the Shia and the Masoomeen (asws). They even reject those virtues of Masoomeen (asws) which Masoomeen (Asws) themselves have related to us, and those that believe in these attributes are termed as ghalis (exaggerators).

6.They consider themselves to be replacements of the Prophets (a.s.) and Masoomeen (asws).

7.The Mujtahids in their oppositions to Masoomeen (asws) do not refrain from even insulting Masoomeen (asws)

8.The Mujtahids in their hatred of Masoomeen (asws) leave no stone unturned as has been explained by Imam Hasan Al Askari (asws)

9.The Mujtahids peform certain acts that ensures they will be cursed by Masoomeen (asws). They make others to perform these acts as well.

10.The Mujtahids, instead of getting people to follow Masoomeen (asws), make them follow a non masoom(Mujtahid). According to the statement of Masoomeen (asws) they are then outside of their Wilayah.

11.The leadership of the Mujtahids which is based on qiyas and errors has been condemned by the Holy Quran.

12.The Mujtahids have insulted the people by considering them to be ignorant and stupid, to the extent that they have been likened to animals with a collar round their necks, the leash of which is in the hands of the Mujtahid.

13.The verses and the hadeeth that the Mujtahids have used to prove their Ijtihad and Taqleed in actual fact in condemnation of them.

14.These conclusions have been derived from the previous discussions that I have made. I have deliberately kept this topic of Taqleed at the end so that you can first understand the definition, history and the principles of Ijtihad. You can also come to know the beliefs of the Mujtahids and their claims. This would then make it easier to understand the reality of Taqleed and you can also come to the same conclusions that have been listed above. Even now if someone were to dilly dally and argue then there is no treatment for his illness. Allah has said about these types of people:

" _And it is alike to them whether you warn them or warn them not: they do not believe." [36:10]_

Lastly I would like to clarify two weapons that they use to lead people astray away from Masoomeen (asws) and towards themselves by claiming that obedience to them is the obedience of Masoomeen (asws) The first weapon they use is the period of ghaybat (occultation). This has given them ample time to usurp all the titles and assume all the responsibilities of the Imam (atfs).

The second weapon they have used is that they have mixed up the two terms 'Muhaddith' and 'Mujtahid'. They then endowed themselves with those Hadeeths that were for the Muhaddiths (Narrators of Hadeeth) only.

## DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MUHADDITH AND A MUJTAHID

If you understand the difference between the two terms then InshaAllah you will neither get confused nor will you get trapped with a noose round your neck. A narrator is one who narrates a Hadeeth word for word exactly, and says that these are not his words but are the words of Masoomeen (asws). A Mujtahid is one who uses the four tools of Ijtihad and uses his own opinion to extract the laws and then issues fatwas based upon his opinions.

The conditions set forth by Masoomeen (asws) are for the narrators of Hadeeth. The Mujtahids have nothing to do with these conditions. If these people can show me Ijtihad, and the Taqleed of a Mujtahid from the Verses of the Holy Quran and the Hadeeth, then I will not only retract this book of mine, but I will beg forgiveness from them.

And if they cannot do this, then I will not say anything to them as it is to do with their stomachs. I will say this much to you though. Do not reject the truth after having seen it and recognised it as such. Otherwise you will get into trouble. Your worldly life may pass in happiness but in the hereafter, you know very well what will happen to the one who rejects the truth after having seen it.

# Chapter Eleven- What should the shia do?

### Toys

According to the Mujtahids the only true proofs of Ijtihad and Taqleed are the ones that I have covered so far, and they have all been refuted. However, they have gave to people some toys to play with to keep them amused, and taught them some rhymes which they keep repeating in one form or another. Thus being;

1. If we do not know the answer to something, then who should we ask? The Imam (atfs) is not here.

2. Who will give us the solutions to the newly occurring problems of the modern times?

3. When a person gets sick he goes to the doctor for treatment. He does not cure himself. And so if we have a religious problem then who shall we go to? The Imam (atfs) is not here.

These are such hilarious questions it is a waste of time to even bother answering them. However, I have to explain these things to my readers. Thefore, it becomes necessary for me to deal with them.

This situation is like when a person runs out of food in his home and has only poison left. When he gets hungry he decides to eat poison instead as food is not available. O slaves of Allah! Think a little. Can a knowledge based on conjecture ever be a replacement for knowledge of revelation? This is like arguing with Allah that: 'O Allah! Since you have closed all the doors of guidance to me, therefore it is up to me now where I get guidance from. Your Divine Guide is not here and so now we will make one ourselves and follow him and be obedient to him'. Is this not sheer stupidity? Have you noticed the underlying chant of this song? 'The Imam (Atfs) is not here'. All these questions are based on the premise that the Imam (atfs) is in occultation and is not providing us with guidance, or solving any of our problems or removing any of our doubts. We are therefore forced by circumstances to imagine someone to be His representative and be obedient to him instead. I have used the word 'imagine' here. Because in all the proofs that they have presented so far, there is nowhere in these that the Holy Imam (asws) has been quoted to say; "if anyone were to come back from Qum after learning, then you should make him your teacher and be obedient to him." In reality, these claims are all without proofs. They have turned them into beliefs and impregnated the minds of the people with these.

What they are basing everything on is their belief that during the period of occultation neither can the Imam (atfs) provide guidance to us nor can He remove any of our doubts. At this juncture I would like to present to you a debate of a companion of Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), Hisham Ibn Hikam, with Umar Ibn ubayd. Then we shall draw some conclusions from this. I will only present to you that part of the debate which he related back to Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) for the sake of brevity.

Hisham: 'Have you got eyes?'

Umar: 'Yes I do'.

Hisham: 'What do you use them for?'

Umar: 'I look at colours and bodies'.

Hisham: 'Have you got a nose?'

Umar: 'Yes I do'.

Hisham: 'What do you do with it?'

Umar: 'I smell aroma and foul smell with it'.

Hisham: 'Have you also got ears?'

Umar: 'Yes I do'.

Hisham: 'What use do you make of these?'

Umar: 'I hear sounds with them'.

Hisham: 'You have got a tongue?'

Umar: 'Yes'.

Hisham: 'What is it utilised for?'

Umar: 'Taste of food gets recognised with this'.

Hisham: 'You also have a heart? '

Umar: 'Yes I have'.

Hisham: 'What work does it perform?'

Umar: 'When I doubt any of the sensory perceptions, then I refer it to the heart

and achieve certainty from it and remove all doubts'.

Hisham: 'So has Allah created the heart for the removal of doubts?'

Umar: 'Most certainly'.

Hisham: 'So without the heart, the doubts from these limbs cannot be dispelled? '

Umar: 'Absolutely not'.

Hisham: 'If Allah does not leave these five limbs without a guide for the removal of doubts, then how can it be conceived that Allah will leave the people without an Imam (asws) for the removal of doubts and differences?'

Listening to this, Umar Ibn Ubayd remained silent.

The Holy Imam (asws) said: 'O Hisham! Who has taught you this?'

_He replied: 'I have learnt this from you.' The Holy Imam (asws.) said: 'This is to be found in the Books of Prophet Ibrahim (a.s.) and Prophet Musa (a.s.)_ '.

(Kafi Kitab e Hujjat)

You have read the above hadith and heard the reply of Imam (asws) that this can be found in the books of the Prophets Musa (as) and Ibrahim (as).Now I would like to ask the same questions Hisham asked Umar to those people who say that our twelfth Imam (atfs) is in occultation and therefore does not provide us with guidance or remove our differences or dispel our doubt. 'If Allah does not leave these five limbs without a guide for the removal of doubts, then how can it be conceived that Allah will leave the people without an Imam (atfs.) for the removal of their doubts and differences among them?' If their answer is that this is impossible, then I have achieved my objective. Or if they were to say that indeed this has happened, then Hisham's argument would be falsified. However, this would also void the sayings of Imam (asws) as well as what is written in the Books of the two great Prophets. This will then entitle them to complain to Allah on the day of judgement that since there was no Guide for them, why are they now being questioned? You tell me, which of these answers you would prefer.

Now, if someone were to say that during the occultation these tasks of the removal of differences and dispelling of doubts and providing guidance is being done by the scholars whom they refer to as the representatives of the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) (And nowadays mashaAllah as "Imams") then there is none more devoid of wisdom than him. These scholars are virtually at each other's throats and the differences between them are too numerous to be counted. When they are themselves engulfed in doubts and confusion, then how will they remove doubts from other people? The level of differences among the Shia today is such that everyone seems to be performing their deeds in a different way to others and doubts whether his actions are the ones to be found in the sharia or not? In the mosques two congregations are taking place for prayers. One is praying with the intention of an obligatory act while the other is praying with the intention of a mustahab (recommended) act. Who is responsible for these differences? These mujtahids are responsible.

So it has been established that the Holy Imam (atfs) is indeed carrying out His duties as have been prescribed to Him by Allah. One only needs to ponder upon this slightly to realize its truth.

If you align the antenna of your T.V. towards 'Doordarshan'(Indian tv channel) and then complain that you are not getting of P.T.V. (Pakistani tv channel) broadcasts, then this is not the fault of the P.T.V., but yours. Hence, to consider the Holy Imam (atfs) to be incapable of carrying out His work is their way of covering up their own faults. I don't want to say anything to the one who has taught all this, but I would like to request you to isolate yourself somewhere and think with a cool heart about this. Then you will realise how big an accusation is being made here not only against the Holy Imam (atfs) but against the adl (justice) of Allah as well.

Do you ever see Shaitan? Have you ever heard his voice? Have you ever met him personally? Has anyone asked Shaitan for methods of committing sins? Everyone believes that ever since Shaitan was thrown out of the gathering not only has he been leading people astray, but is doing so today and will continue to do so until the appearance of the Holy Imam (a.tfs.). Now you think for yourself how big an injustice you are doing by saying that Shatian can mislead people whilst being unseen but the Holy Imam (atfs.) cannot guide when in occultation. How big an accustation against Allah that He has left the one who misguides free to misguide, whilst tying up the hands and feet of the Guide so that the people keep on going astray? Then on the day of judgement Allah would not have any reason to punish them as it would not be their fault they went astray but Allah's instead.

You think about this again and again and keep on thinking about this and ask forforgiveness from your Holy Imam (atf.s.). Turn your attention completely towards him and see for yourself whether you get the guidance from Him or not. And if you say that the Holy Imam (atf.s.) cannot do anything whilst in occultation then why are you supplicating to him? Why are you then seeking His help? Why are you sending requests (Areeza) to Him? Be honest, do you receive help? Do your wishes come true? Then if this help can come to you from Him then why can't guidance? How long will you keep running from reality and keep trying to find some excuse for following someone else? You think for yourself how Shaitan leads people astray. He neither comes in front of you, nor does he say anything to you nor does he throw you in the quicksand of sins. He only whispers into your heart.

" _Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of men, The King of men, The god of men, From the evil of the whisperings of the slinking (Shaitan), Who whispers into the hearts of men, From among the jinn and the men." [114:1-6]_

As a result of these whisperings a person becomes unjust, a mischief maker and an kafir. This means that Shaitan has the power to instil doubts in a person's mind and lead him astray without coming in front of him and by whispering into his heart, but the Holy Imam (atfs.) cannot come near a believer's heart and clear his doubts and uncertainties? It is an accursed heart that is ever ready to receive misguidance from the Shaitan but is never ready to received guidance from the Holy Imam (atfs.).

However, let us leave the matter of the Holy Imam (atfs.) to one side. Have you ever seen Allah? Have you ever met Him? Have you ever heard His Voice? Then how come Allah is making the claim that guidance comes from Him and that the guided heart is one which has been guided by Him? How does Allah guide us whilst remaining unseen? Now if someone were to say that He guides us through His representatives, then I refer you to these Verses:

" _And the soul and Him Who made it perfect, Then He inspired it tounderstand what is right and wrong for it;" [91:7-8]_

Now tell me who is in between the soul and Allah? Did not Allah inspire directly? And you know that inspiration is always direct. And in this way the representative of Allah (Imams asws)can also inspire people. And if you say the the Holy Imam (atfs.) is just sitting free in the period of occultation and is not providing guidance then why are you supplication at least ten times:

" _Keep us on the right path." [1:6]_

Are you supplicating to your Mujtahids? When I surveyed this situation, I found four types of people involved in these accusations? The first type are those who are trying to establish their leadership by deceiving the people and taking their wealth.The second type are the ones who promote their leadership and are happy to take whatever crumbs they are given. The third type are those who do not receive any crumbs from the leadership but are happy with whatever advantage they are given in their worldly affaris. The fourth type are those who are the fearful ones who are terrified that if they do not do this then their deeds would be nullified. Most people are those who think that since everyone else is doing this then it must be the right thing to do. Everyone knows that there is not a single verse in favour of the majority.

" _most of them are transgressors" (3:110)_

" _most of them do not know." [10:55]_

" _most of them do not understand. "[29:63]_

Allah clearly praises the minority in His ayahs and has given a clear verdict:

" _very few of My servants are grateful." [34:13]_

Therefore do not go for the majority. You can be certain that the believers will always be few in number. The majority will never be believers. I will now present to you some Hadeeth about the believers being few in numbers so that you will come to know what kind of believers there will be during the time of occultation. Will they be having a good time? Taking out demonstrations and calling meetings? Be involved in infighting? Or will they be in a different state?

1.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _'The female believer is more valued than a male believer and a male believer is more valued than red Ruby. Who among you has ever seen red ruby ?'_ " (Al Kafi Kitab Iman o Kufr chapter 228 hadith 1)

2.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, ' _People are animals except a few momin. (He repeated this three times) Momineen are very rare in this world (He repeated this three times.'_ " (Al Kafi Kitab Iman o Kufr chapter 228 hadith 2)

3.Sayings of Imam Musa Kazim (asws), _'Not everyone who speaks of our Walayat is a momin. Some are from the company of momins .'"_ (Al Kafi Kitab Iman o Kufr chapter 228 hadith 7)

Now let us what will be the condition of the believers during the occultation period. I am taking this from the book "Alaimul Zahoor";

1.Sheik Sudooq writes in his book "Jami al Akhbar" that RasoolAllah (saw) said: 'There will come a time when the faces of the people will be human but their hearts will be of Shaitans. They will be like fierce animals. If they were to be followed or taken as companions then they will put you into uncertainty and doubt. If you talk to them they will make you out to be liars. If your views do not coincide with theirs then they will backbite you. They will be regarding Sunnah as innovation and innovation as Sunnah. A momin will be disgraceful in their eyes and a sinner will be honoured by them'. (pg 61)

2.A momin will be disgraced and a munafiq (hypocrite) will be honoured. (pg 60)

3.A momin's example will be like holding fire on your hand. (pg 62)

4.A momin will not have the authority to stop people from bad deeds. (pg 79)

5.A momin will be without authority and a sinner will be with authority. (pg 157)

6.Munafiqs (hypocrites) will be strong and make up speech and their statements will be accepted. The people of haq (truth) will be seen to be weak and silent.

Did you see what the conditions of the believers will be? Therefore, do not be distracted by political speeches, gatherings and demonstrations. Turn your attention towards the momin who will not be found there but will be in an isolated and unknown state.

Now let us look at the conditions of the scholars in the period of ghaybat:

1.Their scholars will be the worst creation on the earth. (pg 61)

2.People will not recognise the scholars except by their dress. (pg 63)

3.They will extract laws of religion (Istinbaat) according to their desires. (pg 79)

4.The scholars will learn the religious ordinances for worldly benefits. (pg 82)

5.The call to prayer will be charged for. (pg 84)

6.There will be abundance of scholars who lead people astray. (pg 87)

7.The people will act on religious ordinances according to personal opinions rather than from the Holy Quran. (pg 88)

8.The ones who know the true fiqh (laws) will have died and the scholars who will lead people astray will be alive. (pg 99)

9.The worst of creation will be the scholars of these types. (More hadiths such as these can also be found in Biharul Anwar vol 12 pg no 72)

10.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) narrates that RasoolAllah (saw) said:

' _There will come a time upon my Ummah when the Holy Quran will only remain as part of culture. Islam will only remain in name; the people will be Muslims in name but they will be far from Islam. Their Mosques will appear full but will be devoid of guidance. Their scholars will be the worst of them under the sky. Trials (Fitna) will start from them and end with them'._

I will pause this discussion here to explain a very important point. One of the deceptions of those who worship mujtahids is to only associate these hadiths with the scholars of sunnis. They say that these scholars who have been condemned are the scholars of the Sunnis and not the Shias. You should know that among the Sunnis, only four mujtahids have ever lived. All four of them have died a thousand years ago. Whoever of them is left now are they Muqallideen (followers) regardless of how big his position might be. These people, the mujtahids, by the grace of Allah are only to be found among the Shia. All the above Hadeeth are related to the mujtahids of the Shia including the one which says that upon the reappearance of Imam (atfs) He will kill sixty thousand scholars.

Let us now discuss the toys which were listed at the beginning of the chapter.

## THE FIRST TOY

If we do not know the solution to a problem, then who do we ask from?

The straightforward answer to this is that you should ask from those whom Allah has Commanded you to ask.

" _And We did not send before you any but men to whom We sent revelation, so ask the followers of the reminder if you do not know." [21:7]_

This Verse has sorted out this issue until the day of judgement. As long as this Verse is present in the Holy Quran and as long as the Holy Quran exists, it has now become obligatory upon everyone who does not know to refer to the Ahl Ul Zikr for an answer. I have discussed this matter in detail before and there is no need for repetition here. I have also established Masoomeen (asws) are the only ones meant here and not anyone else. And now, if after all this someone were to still think of somebody else as the one to ask, then he can be on his religion and I can be on mine. There are plenty of people who have some inclination towards religion and they will never make the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) void. By asking for an answer is not meant to ask in front of Him and received a direct answer personally from Him. To ask is to seek the answer to a problem by inquiring into it. The answer does not have to be in sound but through a statement in writing as well. I shall discuss this later on.

I am only trying to remind you that we should not consider our Imam (atfs.) to be sitting and waiting, but rather He is guiding us and safeguarding us as explained before. Just like there is a crowd of people who consider the Holy Imam (atfs.) to be redundant, there is also a group of people who believe that they are not without a Guide who is safeguarding our religion and they are benefitting from Him in the period of ghaybat just as they will benefit from Him when He is not in ghaybat.

Do you not know that the existence of life on this planet, the growth of vegetation and the destruction of life threatening germs etc. are due to the light from the sun? And so when the sun gets covered by the clouds, does this planet not benefit from it in the same way as before? Sometimes the sun remains hidden from view for many months in certain places; this does not cut off the benefits from it.

In one of His letters, the Holy Imam (atfs.) wrote: ' _Do not ask me what loss or benefit you will get from me during the ghaybat. This is like when the sun is hidden behind the clouds and still benefits the people. I am a safety for the life on this earth in the same way as the stars are for life in the skies. Therefore close the doors to those questions that do not concern you, and try to find out that which you need to find out. And keep praying more and more for my appearance as in this there is betterment for you'._

(Biharul Anwar chapter 12 pg no 778)

In the light of the above Hadeeth you will no doubt realise the intentions behind the questions:

•If we go to the moon in which direction will we pray?

•If we go to the North Pole how will we pray?

•Are test tube babies permissible?

If you ponder over this you will realise that these questions have been created to confuse the people so that they will depend on the mujtahids for every problem. However, after listening to the above Hadeeth of the Holy Imam Mahdi (atfs.), you will not have any uncertainty, confusion, or doubts nor will you run towards someone else for your problems.

## THE SECOND TOY

Who will solve the new problems of the modern world?

You will have heard this misleading question many a time. The thought might have occurred to you that there are indeed many problems which did not exist before, but now due to the scientific progress and the technological revolution, they do, and so who do we go to for a solution? The Holy Quran had already been completely revealed and the period of all the eleven Holy Imams (a.sws.) as well as the minor occultation period of the twelfth Holy Imam (a.tfs.) was only up until 329 AH. These problems were never encountered then. This is not a question but a trap of Shaitan to crucify your faith without you even realising it.

Those who established this question based it on the premise that the solution to the problems of the modern world are not to be found in the Holy Quran or the Hadeeth, or at least are not apparent. This is why we will now find the solutions ourselves and act upon whatever we deduce for ourselves. If we were to accept their logic then indeed it does seem to make sense that since the Holy Imam (a.tfs.) is not here then who should we turn to? We cannot change the circumstances we are in. Somehow we will have to get the religion of the fifth century to fit into the fifteenth century hijra. We are not against obedience, our question is why should we only follow Masoomeen (asws)?

If the Holy Imams (a.sws) are Imams then so are we. If They are Olil Amr then so are we. If They are Ahl Ul Zikr then so are we. If They are Nafs Ulllah (Self of Allah) then we are Ruhullahs (The spirit of Allah). Why do we then not have the right to find the solutions to our problems in our time period? We have an example of a scholar at the time of Prophet Musa (a.s.) who found a solution to the problem of his time when Musa (as) went away and was delayed a bit. Allah has preseved this in His book for ever. But if you do not accept their logic then you will see that they have made an enormous accusation not only against Masoomeen (asws) but against the adl (justice) of Allah as well. They are accusing Allah of giving to us a sharia that is meant to be until the day of judgement, but not only giving us the solutions to issues contained within a very limited period of time and not for the problems of later times. Allah claimed that everything is to be found in His book but He did not put the solutions of the modern times or (maazAllah) He forgot to include them.

Secondly, maybe they are accusing Jibraeel (as) of not bringing all of the solutions giving to him by Allah. Of only bringing those solutions for problems that would arise before 329 AH and hiding the rest in his wings and returning back with them.

Thirdly, maybe it happened that RasoolAllah (saw) (maazAllah) did not deliver the full Message and only gave us a part of it.

Fourthly, maybe Masoomeen (asws) (maazAllah) sat in Their homes and did not explain everything for fear of Their lives.Thus causing this burden to fall upon the shoulders of the poor mujtahids. They then must open factories for the manufacturing of solutions and charge the believers in the form of Khums for their products. Then the mujtahids must act according to these manufactured solutions and force their muqqalids (followers) to do so as well.

You tell me now, out of the four above doubts, which one would you like to adopt? If you were to adopt any of these then your faith is with you. First you must sort out your iman (beliefs) and leave the question regarding deeds for later. If you have been endowed with the grace of Allah and reject the logic on which the whole building of the Taqleed of a non masoom is standing, then think as to which problems of the modern times affect you so much that you need to go to these people?

I am explaining this to you in simple words so that no doubts remain. These terms of modern times and olden times are only there to confuse you. In reality, our purpose is one, and that is obedience to Allah's commands. If there are no commands then how can we be obedient to Him? Let me explain this by way of an example.

Suppose that you keep a servant in the house for housework. Whenever you give him an order to do some housework he will do it. Otherwise he just sits in one place. He will not make up your orders on his own and act upon them. This is the situation with our religion. To suppose that the purpose of our life is to do deeds regardless of whether the order has been given or not is sheer madness, and to manufacture orders and act upon those is 'Shirk Fil Amr' (Partnership in Commands). If you do not find an order despite searching for it, then refraining would be the obedience to Allah while to act would make it disobedient and rebellious.

I am telling you again to do deeds according to the knowledge you have and be greedy for knowledge. Increase your knowledge. The more you increase your knowledge the more your deeds will increase and these deeds will be accepted. It is better to perform fewer deeds with knowledge than to perform numerous deeds without knowledge.

For proof of this let us look at hadiths from **Al Kafi Kitab e Aql chapter 13:**

•Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, " ' _Working without understanding and insight is like travelling in the wrongdirection; it only takes one further away from the destination_.' **" (hadith 1)**

•RasoolAllah (saw) says _," 'Those who work without knowledge destroy more than they gain._ ' **" (hadith 3)**

## THE THIRD TOY

When a person gets sick he goes to the doctor for treatment. He does not cure himself. And so if we have a religious problem then who shall we goto?

This proof is even more hilarious than the first two. It looks like the one who has invented this question must have become sick sometimes in his past and tried to cure himself by going to the doctor. Instead of the doctor he must have ended up with a con artist who must have made his condition even worse, and in order to demand revenge, he took it out on the believers. He then applied his situation to the religious matters without realising that his proof actually goes against himself.

Listen to me carefully. Human nature is always on the lookout for infallibility. The human being always loves completeness and does not like deficiencies. When a person buys something he tries to ensure that it is not faulty. Even when he draws money out of the bank he does not accept torn notes. When he wants to construct a house he employs an architect whose work he has already seen before to be perfect. If he wants a lawyer he finds one who has not lost a case before. If he wants a teacher for his children he finds out first whether any of his students have failed in their exams or not. The situation is the same for a doctor. When a person gets sick he goes to a doctor who has a good record of curing people. Only a complete idiot will go to a doctor who, instead of curing people, keeps populating the graveyard with his prescriptions.

The point I am trying to make is that human beings are naturally attracted to infallibility. In matters of religion this is the case as well. In fact it becomes a necessity as one's hereafter is at stake. We cannot afford to make a mistake as we will not get a second chance. The smallest mistake could take us away from obedience to Allah and towards obedience to Shaitan. Then how does it make sense that for worldly affairs a person looks towards infallibility but in matters of religion goes after fallible people who not only destroy his worldly life but his life in the hereafter as well. This is far from intellect and no wise person will want to accept it. All this mischief is based on the view that 'the Imam (atfs.) is not here', which we have already proven as false.

Remember, just as the human body gets sick, so does the soul. The sickness of the body is 'the dysfunction of the parts of the body', and this can be cured by medicine. The sickness of the soul is shak ('doubt) and this is cured by yaqeen (certainty). Doubt cannot be the cure for doubt, and neither can conjectures and opinions. Therefore it follows that only Masoomeen (asws) can cure the illnesses of the soul. This is not within the grasp of others. Whoever wants to ruin his worldly and eternal life, then that is his choice.

Another amusing thing about this toy is that the problem has been referred to as an illness. If you do not know the meaning of a word, will you open a dictionary to find out or will you run towards a mujtahid? In the same way if you do not know a religious ordinance will you open a book to find out or will you go to a scholar to tell you what the orders of Masoomeen (asws) are? (Not his personal opinion). If you find an order then act upon it otherwise refrain. Refraining from action in this situation is obedience to Allah not acting upon personal opinions. All this has happened because the people have been discouraged from seeking knowledge by placing the collar of Taqleed on their necks. It keeps them ignorant by stopping them from reading those books which contain the sayings of Masoomeen (asws). They have been led to believe that their Holy Imam (atfs.) quietly went into ghaybat and the other Holy Imams (asws) did not inform them of what they need to do during this period. So now we make a university, and whosoever achieves a degree will become a representative of the Holy Imam (atfs.) Therefore in this current situation, following these mujtahids is the true religion.

I am telling you not to get involved in this error. Masoomeen (asws) have given us detailed instructions regarding what is to be done during the period of ghaybat. Not a single Holy Imam (a.sws) has avoided this issue. It is not possible for me to relate all the Hadeeth on this issue. The ten Hadeeth that I am quoting now should be sufficient for the seeker of truth.

What should the Shia do during the ghaybat (occultation) of the Imam (atfs)?

1.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, " _When this happens then attach yourself to the first Imam until such time as it becomes clear who the next Imam is'_ **."** (Biharul Anwar vol 11 pg no 671)

2.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"When such a time comes and you cannot meet your Imam (atfs), then keep acting upon those orders which are already with you_ _."_ (Biharul Anwar vol 11 pg no 672)

3.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"You should keep living in the same way that you have been until such time as the 'Saahib Ul Amr' (Final Authority) makes His appearance'._ (Biharul Anwar vol 11 pg no 672)

4.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, " _You should remain on what you have until such time as Allah makes the star rise"_. (Biharul Anwar vol 11 pg no 673)

5.Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says, _"Remain steadfast on what you were given from before until such time as Allah sends the 'Saahib Ul Amr'_." (Biharul Anwar vol 11 pg no 674)

If two hadiths contradict each other then what should we do?

1.In His Toqee, Imam e Zamana (atfs) writes in a reply to a question that was asked of Him, " _When two momins dispute regarding an issue and each produces a specific hadith, then what should they do? Imam (atfs) replied, "Follow one of them with the intention that you are following the orders of Masoomeen (asws) and not with the intention that you prefer one saying over the other."_ (Al Kafi Kitab e Aql chapter 22 hadith 7)

2.Narrator says, "I asked Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), _"'If we receive a Hadith from the First Imam (asws) and also Imam Zainul Abideen (asws) or any of the Imams (asws) after Him, which one should we follow?' The Imam (asws) replied, "Act upon the words of the Latest until such time as you receive a different order from the Imam (asws) of that time. When it comes from a living Imam, follow his words.' The Imam (asws) then said, 'We by Allah wish for the religion to be an ease for you.'_ (Al Kafi Kitab e Aql chapter 22 hadith 9)

If we cannot find an order from Masoomeen (asws) regarding a specific act then what shall we do?

I have given hadeeth on this topic before but it is better to give it again to refresh your memory.

1.Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) says, _" Restraint in confusing matters is better than indulging in destruction.'"_ (Al Kafi Kitab e Aql chapter 22 hadith 10)

2.Ameerul Momineen (asws) says, _"Allah has made certain things wajib upon you, do not waste them. Allah has set limits for you, do not try to cross them. Allah has ordered you to refrain from certain things, do not disobey Him. Those things He did not issue an order regarding, it is not as if He forgot to do so, so do not try to know about them"._ (Najul Balagha pg no 835 saying no 105)

3.Imam e Zamana (atfs) wrote in one of His Toqee _: 'Therefore close the doors to those questions that do not concern you, and try to find out about those things which you need. And keep praying more and more for My reappearance as in this there is betterment for you'._ ( Bihar Ul Anwar Vol. 12 pg no 778)

4.Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, " _"Holding back in an uncertain condition is better than indulging in a destructive situation. Your not narrating a Hadith is better than narrating one about which you are uncertain."_ (Al Kafi Kitab e Aql chapter 17 hadith no 9)

I have now given you detailed instruction from Masoomeen (asws). I am convinced that anyone who even has a little bit of faith or even a little respect for his Masoomeen (asws) and believes in the Day of Judgment will never attribute lies to Them. He will only do whatever his Holy Imam (a.sws) has told him to do.

What remains now is the complaint that 'we do not have necessary books with us'. My reply to you is that the Tawzeeh Ul Masaail that you have did not come free of charge to you. Since you have paid for these, why can't you pluck up the courage to pay for Al Kafi and Man La Yahzurul Faqih? This is a one off expense, after which your children will also benefit from these books. When you go through these books you will realise there is no problem for which you cannot find the solution amongst the words of Masoomeen (asws).

As far as the problem of praying on the surface of the moon or in the North Pole is concerned, do not pay attention to these things as per the advice of your Holy Imam Mahdi (atfs.).

The statement that since these people are more knowledgeable and so we should ask them is void. If we accept this argument then the difference between truth and falsehood will disappear and all the religions of the world will become correct. Whenever you go to anyone of any religion he will give you the same answer, 'Our priests know it all as they have spent their entire lives studying our religion. Do they know more or you who have become a scholar by studying only a couple of books? This means that the Holy Quran, or Hadeeth or the strongest arguments have no value. The only proof acceptable is whatever the scholars say because they have spent their entire lives studying it. It is obvious that no one will accept this frivolous argument.

# CHAPTER 12: KHUMS

Khums is such a blessed thing which unites people, mends broken hearts, and all those scholars who have differences between them whether small or big become one. If there is any perfect example of Ijma (consensus) then this is it. Although this is not a very lengthy subject, nevertheless its importance has made me deal with it in a separate chapter altogether. I will attempt to addres various aspects of it so that believers will be able to remove themselves from the trap they have been pushed into. In this chapter I have tried to deal with various aspects of it including Jizya (tax). All this effort of mine is so that instead of debating about this issue we should try to get to its reality. I am not trying to refute or compliment anyone. It is simply a matter of understanding the issue. It is also your duty not to read this chapter from a debating point of view but rather as an investigation into the matter. If you were then to see reality in this then your faith dictates that you should immediately accept it. Because if there is faith then that is everything. If there is no faith then there is nothing. I have looked at this problem of Khums from an investigative point of view and surveyed its various aspects so that you may not come under pressure from anyone. You will simply act according to the statements of Masoomeen (asws) and sort out both your world as well as the hereafter.

Allah has made some arrangement in the lives of the muslims. Therefore, He has separated them into two groups – Ummah and the Progeny of RasoolAllah (saw).For the Ummah he has made Zakaat (poor tax), and in this there is no share for the Progeny of RasoolAllah (saw). For sadaat has made 'Anfaal' (Spoils of war) and Khums in which the Ummah has no share. The whole of the Anfaal is for the descendants of RasoolAllah (saw) whereas only a fifth of Khums is set aside for them. Allah has kept the Progeny of RasoolAllah (saw) separate from the rest of the Ummah so that They should be kept away from the dirt and filth of the people and that no one would have the audacity to equate himself to Them.

First Ayah

Sura Anfal ayah 1; "They ask you about the anfaal. Say: The anfaals are for Allah and the Messenger. So be careful of (your duty to) Allah and set aright matters of your difference, and obey Allah and His Messenger if you are believers."

Imam Muhammad Baqir (Asws) says in Tafseer Safi and Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) says in al Kafi ; _"Anfaal is that which is gained from the land on which no blood has been shed. i.e. land which has been gained without war. Either the people make a peace treaty or give it of their own accord. Uninhabited land and valleys will all be classified as Anfaal, and this is all the kingdom of Allah. Whatever belongs to Allah also belongs to RasoolAllah (saw). It is up to Him (RasoolAllah saw) how He distributes it. After RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) it belongs to the Holy Imams (asws.)'._

In Al Kafi it is also written from Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), _"when a person dies without inheritors then his wealth is also Anfaal."_

Second Ayah

Sura Anfal ayah 41; " And know that whatever thing you gain, a fifth of it is for Allah andfor the Messenger and for the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, if you believe in Allah and in that which We revealed to Our servant, on theday of distinction, the day on which the two parties met; and Allah has power overall things."

In Tafseer Saafi it is narrated that one of the meanings of this ayah is that wealth which is gained by defeating the kafirs. In Al Kafi there is a narration from Imam

Jafar Sadiq (asws _). " this is the daily profit"._ In Tafseer Saafi reference Al kafi Ameerul Momineen (asws) says: _'"Near of Kin here is a reference to Us, those who are nearest to Allah and His Rasool. The orphans and the poor and the travellers are Our orphans and Our poor and Our travellers. This is because Allah has kept no share for Us in the Zakat and He has honoured Us and RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) by keeping Us from eating people's dirt and filth._ In Al Tahzeeb Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) says, _"The khums of Allah is the right of the Imams (asws) just as the khums of RasoolAllah (saw) is the right of Imams (asws). The khums for "the near ones" is also the right of the Imams (asws) due to Our kinship with RasoolAllah (saw). The orphans, poor and travellers are the ones from the progeny of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.). Khums is not the right of anyone except for Them."_

Third Ayah

Sura Bani Israel ayah 26; "And give to the near of kin his due and (to) the needy and the wayfarer, and do not squander wastefully."

In Tafseer Saafi ref Tafseer Qummi it is written, " _The 'near of kin' referred to in this Verse are those who are near to RasoolAllah (saw) and this verse has specially been revealed for Syeda Fatima Zahra (sa). RasoolAllah (saw) had left Fadak as inheritance for Her. The poor and travellers mentioned here are theones from Her Offspring._

Fourth Ayah

Sura Room ayah 38; "Then give to the near of kin his due, and to the needy and the wayfarer; this is best for those who desire Allah's pleasure, and these it is who are successful."

In Tafseer Saafi it has been reported from Imam Muhammad Baqir (a.sws) and Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws.) said, _"When this verse was revealed, RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) gave control of Fadak to Syeda Fatima Zahra (sa)."_

Fifth Ayah

Sura Hashir ayah 7; "Whatever Allah has restored to His Messenger from the people of the towns, it is for Allah and for the Messenger, and for the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, so that it may not be a thing taken by turns among the rich of you, and whatever the Messenger gives you, accept it, and from whatever he forbids you, keep back, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; surely Allah issevere in retributing (evil):"

In Tafseer Saafi reference Al Kafi Ameerul Momineen (asws) said: ' _The near ones mentioned here are Us and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer are the ones from Us. This is why Allah has kept no share for Us in zakat and made zakat haram for Us. Allah has honoured Us and RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) by not allowing Us to eat the dirt and filth of the people."_

These points come out of these verses:

1. Anfaal is that which comes without war.

2. Fey is that which is acquired through warfare.

3. Khums is a fifth of Fey.

4. Both these things are especially for Ahlul Bayt (asws) because the right of Allah and RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) is Their right. They are the ones referred to as the near of kin. The orphans, the travelers and the needy are also from the children of Syeda Fatimah Zahra (sa). The distribution of this will also be in the hands of Masoomeen (asws). This means Masoomeen (asws) are the only rightful owners of khums.

## The purpose of Khums

According to the above evidence, the purpose of khums is to strengthen the economic situation of the Aal e Muhammad (asws) so that They do not have to depend on the dirt of others. These verses have confirmed that the taxpayers are those of the Ummah who are not from the progeny of RasoolAllah(s.a.w.) and that the recipients are from the children of Syeda Fatima Zahra (sa). Furthermore, this is an individual obligation and not a collective one.

Who gives khums and who receives khums?

From the above mentioned ayahs it is clear that those who pay the khums are those from the ummah who are ghair sadaat (not from the progeny of Syeda Fatima Zahra sa) and those who receive khums are only the Imams (asws) and the Offspring from Syeda Fatima Zahra (sa) (sadaat).

Wajib Aini (Absolute Wajib)

From the above mentioned ayahs it is clear that khums is wajib aini (absolute wajib) not wajib kifai.

Upon which things is it wajib to pay khums on?

In the tafseers of the above ayahs, Masoomeen (asws) in Their sayings have told us what things are wajib for us to pay khums on.

1.Usool e Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 128 hadith 4:

From the sayings of Imam Musa Kazim (asws), " _"Al-Khums (one fifth tax) is due on five categories ofproperties. It is due on (1) spoils of war, (2) properties acquired from deep sea diving, (3) the treasures found, (4) the mines and (5)salt mines._

2.Usool e Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 128 hadith 8:

Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, " ' _Minerals such as gold, silver, iron, lead, and zinc are subject to al-Khums.'"_

3.Usool e Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 128 hadith 11 and 12:

Imam Reza (asws) says, _" 'It is due on all small and large gains that people make.'"_

4.Min La Yazherul Faqih chapter Khums hadith 1642:

From the sayings of Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), " ' _Khums is not on anything but on the wealth of Ghanimat (spoils of war)'._

5.Min La Yazherul Faqih chapter Khums hadith 1653:

Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) says, " ' _Whenever dhimmi (a non muslim living under the protection of the Islamic government)buys land from a Muslim, there will be Khums on it'._

It is clear from the above statements of Masoomeen (asws) that Khums is payable on the following:

1. Minerals like gold, silver, brass, aluminium, petrol, gas etc.

2. Treasures acquired by deep sea diving like pearls etc.

3. Profits from a business.

4. Profits from farming.

5. Spoils of war.

_6. Land sold to a dhimmi_.

From what we have seen above, is Khums being explained today exactly as Masoomeen (asws) have defined it or is it being portrayed as something else. Let us now look at one point at a time.

First Point

The only rightful owner of Khums is Masoomeen (asws)

From the above tafseers of Quran and hadiths of Masoomeen (asws) it becomes clear that the one upon whom khums is wajib must ensure that the khums reaches the Imam (asws). There are only two ways of ensuring this. Either we go and personally deliver this tax to the Holy Imam (atfs.) Himself or we must follow His instructions, either oral or written, to hand it over to His agent. Only then do we become free from our responsibilities.

During the Ghaybat Sugra the people had written instructions from the Holy Imam (atfs.) to hand over their Khums to named agents. Hence in this period the matter was clear and people had no doubts whom to give their Khums to.

The situation during Ghaybat Kubra is completely different. The system of direct representation and ambassadorship was cut off at the inception of Ghaybat Kubra and those that claim to be the representatives of Imam (atfs) have been labeled as liars and fabricators by Masoomeen (asws). There has never been a single statement of Masoomeen (asws) whereby They have instructed us that during Ghaybat Kubra, any person who claims to be a scholar whom a few regard as their teacher or one who achieves a degree from a university of Qum, the Shia should hand over their Khums to him. Not a single Mujtahid has ever made the claim that he hands over the Khums monies to the Holy Imam (atfs.), and if he were to do that then he would be included in the label of a liar and a fabricator.

If the Mujtahid is not capable of delivering the Khums to the Holy Imam (atfs.) then how can the Khums payer know that his Khums money has reached the Holy Imam (atfs.)? If someone deliberately gives his Khums money to someone who has not been specifically named by the Holy Imam (atfs.) but who instead has declared himself to be a representative , then the payer is as much a usurper of the rights of the Holy Imam (atfs.) as the recipient is. InshaAllah I shall discuss the state of the usurpers of the rights of the Holy Imam (atfs.) later on.

Second Point

The purpose of Khums is to strengthen economic status of the Family of RasoolAllah(saw)

This has been clarified by the hadeeth and that the purpose is to honour and

keep away from Aal e Muhammad (asws) the dirt and filth of the people.

Therefore to declare the purpose of khums to be anything other than this is to oppose the sayings of Masoomeen (asws) and attribute lies with Them. The point is that Allah made Khums to be only for the Family of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.). However, some people then assumed the responsibilities of the religion were upon them to perform. Then when the burden of the state and religious affairs became heavy on them, they took it upon themselves the distribution of Khums and established the notion that Khums and Anfaal is the right of the government. The claim of Syeda Fatima (sa) for Her right of the Land of Fadak was also refuted on the basis of, 'If we give this to you then how will we feed the army?'

The spoils of wars from all the battles was also regarded as the right of the government which will also decide how to spend it. This view had such pull over the Shia that they even made it one of their basic principles.

Agha e Khomeini wrote on pg 19 of his book 'Islamic Government and Wilayat e Faqih':

"The purpose for the imposition of such a tax is not merely the upkeep of the Sayyids or the religious scholars, but on the contrary, something far more significant—namely, meeting the financial needs of the great organs and institutions of government. How could the sayyids ever need so vast a budget? It was established with the aim of providing for the needs of the people, for public services relating to health, education, defense, and economic development."

If you wish to applaud this outlandish statement then do so, for I can only weep over it and beseech Allah for justice. The invalidity of this claim is obvious that there is no need for detailed refutation. I am only giving you some indications.

1. Khums has been regarded as the right of the government of the time.

2. In contradiction to the Commands of Allah and Masoomeen (asws) Khums has been regarded as being for the betterment of general people regardless of whether they are from the progeny of Syeda Fatima Zahra (sa) or not.

3. It has been assumed that all those from the progeny of Syeda Fatima Zahra (sa) are leading a happy and contented life.

4. When khums is the right of the progeny of Syeda Fatima Zahra (sa), then it does not matter how much it is, it will always remain Their right. How can someone have the right to say 'how can they need so much?' It is like when someone comes to your house and says to you, 'What is your need for such a big house, keep one room for yourself and give the rest over to me'.

5. If Khums is for the betterment of all people then does it apply only to the people of Iran? Then tell me what has been done for the betterment of other people? Are the Shia paying Khums so that only the people of Iran should benefit from it while the other Shia keep dying of hunger?

6. If Khums is the right of the government of the scholars, then on what basis was Khums being collected before they came into the leadership of the government? And if they were collecting it then how much did they do for the betterment of the Shia of the world? These works for the betterment of the Shia can also be done without being in government.

Third Point

Khums is the right of the Sadaat

When the Holy Quran and Masoomeen (asws) have clearly indicated the identities of the tax payer and the recipient then a non Sadaat cannot take even a penny from khums and Sadaat cannot be made to pay it. This is their right whether they are rich or poor. It is another matter that the needy and the orphans and the travellers among them will get priority. From the revelation of Khums until today you will not find a single incident in history where the Sadaat have been made to pay it. The Sadaat have always been the recipients and never the payers. Today the situation is such that even if the Mujtahid is a non-Sadaat, he still collects Khums from everyone. In whose obedience is this being done? However, regarding the rights of the Imam (asws), they are both unjust.

Fourth Point

No Mujtahid has even declared it to be a collective obligation

The fact that Khums is an individual obligation is so established that no one will ever dispute it. Not a single person is free from this obligation. For example, Namaaz is an individual obligation and so it is obligatory upon the Mujtahid as well as his followers. The same goes for other acts of worship, and since it has been established that khums is an individual obligation, then it is so on the Mujtahid as well as all his followers. Now it is up to you to find out which Mujtahid is paying Khums and to whom. If you say that they are paying to an 'Aalam' (the most knowledgeable), then who is he paying it to, as it would be obligatory on him as well. The more you think about this the more you will realise that this is not a religious matter but it is just an excuse to collect money from the people. If this was a religious issue then they would not have placed the whole burden on the people but they would have borne some of it themselves. But the strange thing is that on one hand Khums has been declared as an individual obligation and on the other hand they have excused the Mujtahids from it and made it a collective obligation.

If after all this you still cannot get to the bottom of this then it is not my fault. You have seen from the statements of Masoomeen (asws) regarding the things on which Khums has been made obligatory – Minerals, Sea treasures, Business Profits, Agricultural Profits etc. Why don't you now go and collect all the Fatwas of the Mujtahids and take a tour of all the mosques and see for yourself. You will see a very long list off all the items on which they want you to pay Khums including things like unused food items, cosmetics, clothes etc. Virtually nothing has been left out from this list. The purpose is so they can get their hands on as much as they can. No one in his right mind would accept this in his religion. Anyone with clear intellect will be able to see through this misappropriation.

## When did the problem of Khums start?

Those of you who are interested in history will know that when the Verse of Khums was revealed, RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) distributed it among the Banu Hashim and this continued throughout His time. After this the government of the time decided that it is their right and a fifth of the spoils of war began to be sent to the Caliph of the time who used to spend it on the affairs of his government. The Banu Hashim only got the same share as everyone else until it was the time for the caliphate of Ameerul Momineen (asws) He did not make any changes to this matter just as He did not make any claims to the land of Fadak. I cannot find any incident during His caliphate that anyone had come and given

Khums to Moula Ali (asws). This was the also the case for Imam Hasan (asws) and Imam Hussain (asws) so much so that if there was any delay of payment from the government Their situation was extremely difficult.

After this was the period of Imam Zainul Abideen (asws) and Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws.). I cannot find any incident of anyone paying Khums to Them. However, there are certain incidents during the time of Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) where some people used to bring some wealth to Him but we should be careful not to misunderstand this. Sometimes the Shia used to bring presents and gifts to Him but not in the name of Khums. In the book Min La Yazherul Faqih chapter on Khums there is a hadith where someone asked Imam (asws) regarding khums:

hadith 1659: Younis bin Yaqoub has said that: 'One day when I went to Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) a toymaker came to see Him and said, 'I have made good profit from my business and we know that Your share in this is established but we are not able to give you Your share'. Imam (asws) replied: 'If these days I were to ask you for My share then it would not be justice'.

In the book 'Superman in Islam' pg no 1373 and 1374, there is written a debate between Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) and an atheist by the name of Abu Shakir. In a reply to Abu Shakir's accusation that the Imam (asws) was collecting money from people in the name of religion, Imam (asws) replied: 'O Abu Shakir! You are saying that I aim to collect wealth in the name of worshipping Allah, by deceiving people. I tell you that ever since I have invited people to worship Allah until today I have only accepted small gifts like fruit etc. A friend of Mine has a date farm, and in the autumn when the dates ripen, he sends Me a crate of them through his servant and I only accept this gift from him so that he may not get offended by My refusal. I also have another friend who has a garden of pomegranates in Taif and he sends Me a crate with the caravan which comes to Medina and I only accept this because I do not want him to be offended due to My refusal. Will you testify that a person will not propagate religion until such time as he does not get some dates and pomegranates?'

The period of the Imams (asws) after Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) was even more difficult as they used to be under the scrutiny of the hostile government of the time. In this period it cannot even be imagined that They would instruct Their Shia to bring the Khums to Them and thus endanger all their lives nor has any such incident ever been recorded. The uproar regarding Khums started in the time of the tenth Imam Ali Naqi (asws). The enemies were counting the numbers of the Imams (asws) so that they can kill the twelfth Imam (atfs) and cut off the system of guidance altogether. Among the Shia also were those who were greedy for the worldly things were also counting the numbers so that they can profit from the twelfth Imam (atfs.) going into ghaybat. After Imam Musa Kazim (asws.) a sect by the name of Waqifiyya came into being. They claimed that Imam Musa Kazim (asws) had not died but had gone into ghaybat. They then claimed that until such time as He (Imam Musa Kazim asws) reappears they will handle the affairs and so usurped all the wealth and refused to hand it over to Imam Reza (asws) who sent lanat upon them for the lies they forged against the Imam (asws). What I would like to ask is that if the Imam (atfs) were to make His reappearance today and asks for His Khums that has been collected over the years, is there anyone who will be able to give it back to him? How will this be returned when it has already been digested?

Anyway, at the time of Imam Ali Naqi (asws) the people had realised that the time of ghaybat was near. A whole system was put into place and a web of narrations was spun in such a way that gave the impression that Masoomeen (asws) had only come into the world for two purposes only – to explain the ordinances and collect Khums. As time went on the situation got worse, until we come to the time of Ghaybat Sugra. This gave the worshippers of the world a golden opportunity. If you were to survey the history of this period you will see nothing apart from playing around with Fatwas and cries of 'Khums, Khums'. You think for yourself, in this difficult time period when the hostile government was severely suppressing the Shia, and was raiding many places in search of the twelfth Imam (atfs.), who could have thought of only Khums. Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) Himself stated in the above Hadeeth that it would not be fair for Him to ask for this from His Shia during those times.

The reason why the fraud of the representation of the Imam (atfs.) was enacted was to make it easier for them to collect the khums from the people, and whatever is happening today is the direct result from all this. This will only come to an end when the Holy Imam (atfs) makes His reappearance and then people's food items, cosmetics, clothes etc. will be safe, or when people use their clear intellects and get to the bottom of all this. Only then will all this looting be stopped by blind following of Taqleed.

## THE RIGHT OF THE IMAM (Asws)

It has been proven from the Verse of the Holy Quran and the statements of the Masoomeen (asws) that khums is the right of the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) and no one else. No one else has the right to claim this for himself.

" _Who is there that will offer to Allah a good gift so He will double it for him, and he shall have an excellent reward." [57:11]_

It has been narrated in Tafseer Saafi and Tafseer Qummi that Imam Musa Kazim (a.s.ws) has said that this verse was revealed about the right of the Imam (a.s.ws) and Imam Jafar Sadiq (a.s.ws) said that the rights of Allah (s.w.t.) reaches his 'Wali'. Now there should not be any doubt or confusion that Khums and the Anfaal are the rights of the Wali of Allah. No one else can even look at it. It is another matter if someone were to declare himself as Wali just to grab hold of this right, and this would be nothing new anyhow. The Holy Quran also testifies that throughout history it has been the custom that the religious leaders have taken control of the wealth of the people.

" _O you who believe! most surely many of the doctors of law and the monks eat away the property of men falsely, and turn (them) from Allah's way; and (as for) those who hoard up gold and silver and do not spend it in Allah's way, announce to them a painful chastisement." [9:34]_

I am not surprised at the devourers of the wealth, but at those that feed them, who without thinking, give the right of the Holy Imam (a.sws.) to someone else and end up being in the list of the usurpers of the rights of the Imams (a.s.ws). They have confused the people by dividing Khums into 'Sehme Imam' (Portion of Imam (a.s.ws)), 'Sehme Sadaat, 'Sehme Yatama' etc. Remember that the division of this and the distribution of it are exclusively for the Holy Imam (a.sws.). We have to hand over the whole of it to Him.

Zurara narrates, _"The Imam (Asws) before the distribution, has the right to spend from (booties of war), to give as gifts, grants and other causes.."_ (Usool e Kafi, Kitab e Hujjat chapter 128 hadith 9)

Therefore do not get diverted by this division of Khums. The whole of it belongs to the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) and it is up to Him who will receive it and who will not. After all this discussion you should also consider what will be the fate of those that usurp the rights of the Imams (a.sws.).

" _(They are) listeners of a lie, devourers of what is forbidden; therefore if they come to you, judge between them or turn aside from them, and if you turn aside from them, they shall not harm you in any way; and if you judge, judge between them with equity; surely Allah loves those who judge equitably." [ 5:42]_

In Al Kafi Imam Muhammad Baqir (a.s.ws) says, _"'devourers of what is forbidden' are those that take the Imam (a.s.ws)'s wealth fraudulently."_

Let me now present to you four hadeeth from Imam al Mahdi (atfs.)

**Hadith 1: Imam e Zamana (atfs) Toqee Mubarak Biharul Anwar vol 12 pg 777;** ' _Those people who are aware of Our rights and eats even a little bit from it, then he has eaten fire'._

**Hadith 2: Imam e Zamana (atfs) Toqee Mubarak Biharul Anwar vol 12 pg 782; '** _Any person who permits for himself even one Dirham from Our right which is prohibited for him, then he is cursed by Allah, His angels and all the people'._

**Hadith 3: Imam e Zamana (atfs) Toqee Mubarak Biharul Anwar vol 12 pg 782;** _Whoever eats anything from our right then he is filling his stomach with fire and will burn in Hell'._

**Hadith 4: Imam e Zamana (atfs) Toqee Mubarak Biharul Anwar vol 12 pg 780;** _And the person who has control over Our wealth makes it permissible upon himself, and he distributes it without Our authorisation, as if he is distributing his own wealth, is an accursed one and on the day of judgement We will be claimants against him. And so RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) has said: 'Whoever permits himself this wealth which belongs to My family and Allah has forbidden it, then he is cursed by Mine as well as the tongues of all the Prophets (a.s.). Whoever is unjust to Us he will be with those who have done injustice to Us in the past and they have been cursed by Allah. And so Allah has said: '_ _The curse of Allah is on the unjust''. " And the dwellers of the garden will call out to the inmates of the fire: Surely we have found what our Lord promised us to be true; have you too found what your Lord promised to be true? They will say: Yes. Then a crier will cry out among them that the curse of Allah is on the unjust." [7:44]_

If a person still has doubts after reading these sayings of Imam e Zamana (atfs), then he should take a second look at his iman.

A Couplet

I heard some poetry regarding khums. I don't know who wrote this, but regardless of who wrote it, it is a fantastic example of truth. You should also read this poetry and show your appreciation for the poet.

" _Giving khums is a condition of muwaddah. If you don't give, then it is a sin equal to snatching the right of Syeda (sa), Fadak. When I hear tabarra from one who never paid khums and never showed respect to sadaat, I begin laughing."_

The first thing the poet says is khums is a condition of muwaddah. We all know that muwaddah is the Ajr (reward) of Risalat (prophecy). Without paying Ajr e Risalat, you cannot be a momin. Any person who is eating khums instead of giving, how is it possible for him to be a momin and how can one even imagine doing taqleed of such person? Those thoughts I felt it best to not say have been said by this poet in a few simple words. More interestingly, the second part of this poetry testifies for the first part. Every child of our nation knows what is the truth of Fadak. It is not like the present government took a loan from Syeda (sa) and was refusing to pay it back. The truth is the government of that time usurped the right of Syeda (sa) and claimed it as their own. They were using Her wealth as if it was their own. This is what this poet is trying to say. The incident of Fadak is an example until the day of judgement. In every era, whoever tries to usurp the right of Syeda (sa) will be considered the same as those who oppressed Syeda (sa).

## Final Orders regarding Khums

I can see my readers to be of three categories. The first is that group which closes its eyes from reality and without even going through any of the proofs I have provided, they will be angrily asking why I have written against them. The second group would be of those that are thinking about the proofs that I have provided and evaluating their level of reliability. The third group is of those who understand the situation and are surveying the whole of the matter in the background of what is around them very thoroughly and have got respect for Masoomeen (asws) in them. I have nothing to do with the first group of readers and they are welcome to curse me if they wish. It will only increase my reward in the hereafter, for which I would like to thank them. I am addressing the last two types of readers who are evaluating what I have said. They are thinking with their minds and not getting emotional about religion and will not waste any time in accepting the truth when they see it. I am making it a duty upon myself to remove their confusion. As they will most surely be in confusion as the question still remains; during ghaybat, who should the Khums be paid to? The importance of Khums cannot be denied and refutation of viewpoints is not sufficient. More proofs need to be given so that the believers can achieve yaqeen (certainty). Then they will be able to base their actions on this. You will have noticed in this book of mine that I have not raised an issue but that I have concluded it. InshaAllah, in the matter of khums as well I shall not leave you halfway. I will now give such clear statements of Masoomeen (asws) no one except a munafiq (hypocrite) will refute.

The point is that the one whose right is this Khums is also the sole one in charge of it. He decides who to give it to and who not to give it to. It is up to Him to waive this tax or not to forgive it. You must fully understand that the Holy Imams (a.s.ws) have forgiven this tax on Their Shia but have not forgiven it on Their enemies. I am concerned that the Shia are the ones going around worrying about Khums when it has been forgiven to them. It is the enemies of Ahlul Bayt (asws) who are the ones that need to be worried because they are the ones it has not been forgiven for. You may be getting worried about the enormity of the claim I have just made, but do not be worried. I have not made this claim of my own accord but I shall be presenting my proofs for it from thestatements of Masoomeen (Asws). I will do this with the certainty that a Shia will never give preference to the statements of other people over and above those of Masoomeen (asws).

OUR FIRST ONE IS MUHAMMAD (saw), OUR LAST ONE IS MUHAMMAD (saw), OUR MIDDLE ONE IS MUHAMMAD (saw) , ALL OF US ARE MUHAMMAD (saw)

This is such a well known Hadeeth that no one amongst the Shia will not know about it regardless of the level of his faith. I have now chosen for you two Hadeeth from the first Imam (a.sws.), three from the fifth and sixth Imam (asws) and one letter from the twelfth Imam (atf.s.) so that the above Hadeeth can have the backing of all the fourteen Masoomeen (asws.). If someone has the courage to reject any of these then he will reject all fourteen of Them and ensure his place in Hell.

Order of First Imam, Ameerul Momineen (Asws)

**Hadith 1:** Muhammad bin Hasan narrates from Muhammad bin Hasan Safar that Abbas bin Maroof narrates from Hamad bin Isa who narrates from Hariz who narrates from Zarara who narrates from Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws), Imam (asws) said, _"Ameerul Momineen (Asws) has made khums halal for Shia so that their offspring will be legitimate."_ (Allul Sharia, pp. 289)

**Hadith 2** : Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) narrates, " _Ameerul Momineen (asws) said, "People do not pay Our right therefore they will be destroyed. However, remember this is halal for the Shia and their offspring"_ (Allul Sharia, pp. 289)

Orders of the Fifth and Sixth Imams (asws)

**Hadith 1** :Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said, " _All of the people are living upon that which they usurped from Us through oppression. However, we have made it halal for Our Shia."_ (Allul Sharia, pp. 289)

**Hadith 2** : 'Umar ibn Yazid narrates: _"I saw Misma' in Madina. In that year he had tried to deliver a certain amount of property to Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws), who returned the property to him. I ('Umar) asked Mism'a about the reason for the return. Mism'a said, "When I took the property tothe Imam (asws) I said, 'I had become the person in charge of the pearls in Bahrain and I have made a four hundred thousand Dirham profit. I have brought eighty thousand Dinars as Your share. I did not want to keep Your share and disregard what Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has decreed to be for You from our properties.' The Imam (Asws) said, 'Is there no more from earth and what Allah takes out of it besides one fifth for Us, O abu Sayyar? The whole earth belongs to Us. Whatever Allah causes to come out therefrom belongs to Us.' I then said, 'I will bring all the property to You.' He said, 'O abu Sayyar, We have made it a gift for you and relieved you of its liabilities. Take your property with you. Whatever land is in the hands of Our Shi'a, it is lawful for them until al-Qa'im will rise with Divine Authority and power. He will make an agreement with them about whatever land is in their hands and will give them permission to use. Whatever land is in the hands of others, their earning from it is not lawful until al-Qa'im will rise with Divine Authority and power. He will take such lands away from them and will remove them humiliated.'"_ (Al Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 104 hadith 3)

Hadith 3: (Al Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 128 hadith 20 and Min La Yazherul Faqih Second Edition chapter Khums pg no 20 hadith 1654)

Muhammad ibn Muslim from Sadiqeen (Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) and Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws)) narrates, "Imam (asws) said, "The most serious trouble that one may face on the day of judgement is when a person with the right to receive al-Khums will stand up and say, 'Lord, my al-Khums was not paid.' However, We have gifted it to Our Shi'ato cleanse and purify their birth."

Orders of Imam e Zamana (atfs)

In reply to a question asked by Ishaq bin Yaqoub regarding khums, Imam e Zamana (atfs) said, _"I made khums halal upon My Shia and it is halal upon Them until My reappearance so that their offspring will be legitimate"._ (Bihar-ul-Anwar, vol 12, pp. 778)

The solution to the problem has now been clarified for you and the sayings from "All of Us are Muhammad (Saw)" have been presented to you above. If somebody has a hobby of disobeying Masoomeen (asws) and wasting his wealth, then he is welcome to participate in this hobby of his.

# CHAPTER 13: REVOLUTION

Apparently this topic appears to be unrelated to the subject of this book. I wouldnot have picked up my pen for this, but since this is being considered as part of religion nowadays, and those who oppose it are regarded as the enemies of religion, I consider it my duty to get rid of this misunderstanding as well. This would sort out the truth from falsehood and remove uncertainty and doubt.

What is Revolution?

Revolution means to turn, revolve, etc. and this can be applied to everything. The major ones are:

1. Governmental revolution.- change in the political system

2. Political revolution – change in the economic system.

3. Revolution in life – Change is lifestyles.

4. Intellectual and spiritual revolution – Change of mind.

5. Religious revolution – Diverting people towards one religion away from others.

Let us now see what kind of revolution it is that has happened today and what is behind all this. It has generally been portrayed as a Shia revolution whose purpose is to spread religion all over the world. This is so that the work about which Allah Says 'You wait and We too are waiting' and for which Allah has kept the Imam e Zamana (atfs) for, should get donebefore its time. It is another matter that based on the principle of 'All deeds are based upon intentions' that the complete opposite seems to be occurring. It is a habit of mine that whenever I need to find out about any matter I refer to Moula Ali (asws)'s saying no 76 in Nahj Ul Balagah 'Whenever you are uncertain about a matter you can know its ending by looking at its beginning". I have been thinking about this revolution in Iran for a long time now and suddenly I came across a book entitled 'Sunni V/s Shia A Pitiful Outcry'. This book presented such facts that answered all my questions and when you go through the arguments below you will also realise that whatever it may be, this revolution in Iran was definitely not a Shia revolution to spread the Shia faith. This was only the establishment of the government of the Mullahs.

How did the idea of forming a government come into the minds of Mullahs? Micavelli has written in his book 'The Prince', that in order to establish religious ordinances, the formation of a government is necessary. This is because, regardless of the actions of the government, the people tend to accept the orders from the government entity more easily without much opposition and then discipline is established in the society . People tend to feel the governments are beyond reproach..

For this he quoted the example of the Roman emperor Romulus's heir Numa who diverted his people towards religion and happily governed them in peace and security.

The point is that from the governments of the Banu Umayya and Banu Abbas to the Othmania caliphates, all of them were dependent on the Fatwas of the accursed people. Even an eternally accursed ruler like Yazeed (la) depended upon a Fatwa for the killing of Imam Hussain (asws). Even in Iran the mullahs were heavily involved with the previous Shah's government. In all these periods the Fatwas of the mullahs were for sale and strengthening the grip of the kings. Slowly, slowly the realisation dawned upon the mullahs their Fatwas they sold for a few pennies to the rulers was what established their rule, then why can't the mullahs themselves take over the leadership on the basis of all their Fatwas? They spun their web of Taqleed and formed a large group of their followers (muqallideen). So much Khums money was being collected from them that it even exceeded the national budget of many small countries. In other words a government within a government had been formed. It was inevitable that at some point the thought of forming their own government would come to them.

Khomieni writes in his book 'Islamic Government and Wilayat e Faqih ': 'Their plan is to keep us backward, to keep us in our present miserable state so they can exploit our riches, our underground wealth, our lands, and our human resources. They want us to remain afflicted and wretched, and our poor to be trapped in their misery. Instead of surrendering to the injunctions of Islam, which provide a solution for the problem of poverty, they and their agents wish to go on living in huge places and enjoy lives of abominable luxury.(pg 11)

We believe in government and believe that the Prophet (s) was bound to appoint a successor, as he indeed did. Was a successor designated purely for the sake of expounding law? The expounding of law did not require a successor to the Prophet. He himself, after all, had expounded the laws; it would have been enough for the laws to be written down in a book and put into people's hands to guide them in their actions. It was logically necessary for a successor to be appointed for the sake of exercising government. Law requires a person to execute it. We need righteous and proper organs of government; that much is self-evident. Today, we have 700 million Muslims in the world, 170 million or more of whom are Shi'ah. They are all ready to follow us, but we are so lacking in resolve that we are unable to lead them. We must establish a government that will enjoy the trust of the people, one in which the people have confidence and to which they will be able to entrust their destiny.'

Beginning

Now that you have heard this from the man behind the revolution itself you should have little problems in understanding the rest of the chapter. I would like to get rid of the misunderstanding that this is a Shia revolution. As you can see there was no such concept in the minds of the people who created this revolution. There was no differentiation in the minds between the Shia and the Sunnis. The fact is that they neither believed in a Shia government nor a Sunni government, but an Islamic government in which there is no difference between the two. Their Islam is the one which revolves around government. The main purpose of the revolution was to form a government.

You know that I do not say anything without evidence, which I aim to present later on. Let me first tell you that apart from a few minor differences in their 'Furoo' there is no difference between the two sects. Both sects are in fact one and the same. The teachings of Masoomeen (asws) and the injustices They suffered, Their killings, the suppression of the Shia and their killings, being cemented in the walls whilst still alive, etc. which have been related in thousands on books over the centuries have all been regarded as fairy tales. Those who have been to Iran will see that the Shia religious ordinances are slowly but surely being made to be ever closer to the Sunni ones, and the day is not farmwhen apart from the matter of grieving for Imam Hussain (asws) no difference will remain between the two. Every one is aware that there is a world of difference between the two sects in the beliefs as well as actions. Take a look at a few examples.

1. **Kalima** : The major differences is in the testimonies being borne. The Shia bear three testimonies which includes testifying to the Wilayat of Ameerul Momineen (Asws) whilst the others just stop at two.

2. **Tauheed:** The Shia do not ascribe a body to Allah and consider Him to be beyond sight. The other sects, however, ascribe a body for the Divine Creator and they all agree that He can be seen.

3 **.Adl (Justice):** The Shia believe in the Justice of Allah to be part of their primary beliefs whereas the others do not.

4. **Nabuwat (Prophethood):** The Shia believe in the Infallibility of RasoolAllah (saw) whereas the other sects believe that He is prone to error. The Shia believe that RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) was a prophet from His zahoor whereas the others consider Him to be a normal person before the announcement of His prophet hood.

5. **Imamate:** The Shia believe Imamate is part of their fundamental beliefs whereas this concept simply does not exist amongst the others.

6 **.Qiyamat** : The Shia believe before the day of judgement the Raj'at (Return) will occur whereas the others have no such belief.

I have merely glanced at the summary of the beliefs and have not paid any attention to the actions even though there is a great deal of differences in the actiosn as well. You can see from above that the two major sects are fundamentally different and those who consider them to be similar are either deluding themselves or others.

Even so, the Fatwa of Khomeini has been given on page 54 of the book 'Sunni Shia differences an unreal' "This act of differences among the Ummah is forbidden in law and it is obligatory upon all Muslims to oppose this". This tune of the amalgamation of the two Sects is so embedded in their minds that even the Shia today have lost faith in their own beliefs to the extent that they are not sure whether they will be going to Paradise or become the fuel of the fire of Hell. They have started blaming Allah for creating the differences between the two Sects and so these people are now trying to amalgamate the two Sects against the Plan of Allah.. In the first page of the above book it has been stated: 'Whatever the reason might be behind the formation of the Sects, but the reality is that we have had to pay a very heavy price for this as the existence of these Sects has given strength to the enemies of Islam. The Shiite/Sunni difference is only a difference of actions, and this small difference does in no way justify the division of this nation into two. As it will become clear from reading this book, at the most the difference between the two is the same as the differences which exist among the four Sunni schools of thought'. Did you realise what type of people these are and what type of Islam they have, and how much it relates to the Shia sect? This is then evidenced further in the book: "'New constructions and the leaders of the oil rich states and their puppets know full well that neither an army is needed nor weapons, but only a handful of pretenders are needed who can issue Fatwas as and when needed. They then got some of them to declare the revolution as a Shia revolution'."

In order to remove all doubts I am now quoting the words of Khomeini from page 54 of the book so that it can be concluded that this revolution has nothing to do with the Shia religion: "'We desire that we should have an Islamic government and that our decisions would be in accordance with Islamic law; the same Islam that was revealed unto RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) in which there was no concept of Sunni or Shia sects. There were only Muslims, and the difference schools of thought did not exist'." I don't understand how this belief came to the lips of this man and which Islam it was that he is talking about. The Islam which reached us through Masoomeen (asws) is the Shia sect, whilst the one which came through the companions formed the Sunni sects. They are trying to stop these two types of Islam and are adopting for themselves a third type. There is no doubt that the correct Islam is the one which was revealed unto RasoolAllah (s.a.w.), but how did this Islam get to them directly? Maybe someone can untangle this knot. This much is for sure that in their view both the companions as well as Masoomeen (asws) are unreliable. In the madness of the unity of the Muslims, the have falsified their own religion and the people regard this as some sort of an achievement. It is further stated: '"The stand for the unity of Muslims was regarded by some as impossible to achieve while others deemed it to be possible. They said that we should unite on common beliefs, on which faith is not necessary, neither are these from the fundamental beliefs nor from those necessities of religion who avoidance is prohibited, and respect each others emotions'." You can realise how dangerous this ground is they are taking us on. Based on this, the other sects have nothing to lose, but the Shia faith is based on Justice of God (Adaalat) and Imamate, and if these two are taken away from it then where would it leave the Shia sect?

In order to achieve their aims they have ignored what is right and what is wrong. They created a belief that it does not really matter which Sect you follow for they will all lead you to Paradise, and so on page 25 they printed a statement of Sheykh Shaltout: 'Allah's religion and its laws are not based on any particular school of thought. These are all sects based on jurisprudence and are all acceptable in front of Allah. They have then quoted Sheykh Muhammad Al Ghazali: 'Both groups have paced their beliefs on the Oneness of Allah and the Prophethood of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) and none of them has any preference over the others about this,and they are seekers of salvation'."

## Who planned the Revolution?

There were three groups who planned this:

1. A specialist group of Iranian Mujtahids.

2. The Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan Al Muslimeen).

3. Jamaa't Islami Pakistan.

Let me first introduce to you the Muslims Brotherhood.

Who are the Akhwan al Muslimeen (Muslim Brotherhood)?

This organisation was set up by an Englishman called John Phelby who changed his name to Sheykh Muhammad Phelby. The details of this can be found in the book 'History of the Family of Al Saud' by Nasir Al Saeed. John Phelby got together a lot of the followers of Sheykh Abdul Wahhab with long beards and the students of Usool E Fiqh. He got them to issue Fatwas that whosoever opposes Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud is a kafir and should therefore be killed. An army of religious people were collected who were obedient to these Sheykhs, who were named as 'Jaysh Al Ikhwan' (Army of the Brotherhood). Ibn Saud collected an army of thirty thousand of these equipped with British weapons. This army was known as 'Jaysh Al Ikhwan Ul Muslimeen' (The Army of the Muslim Brotherhood). This is the Muslim Bortherhood which made an appearance in Egypt. It had its branches in many parts of the world under different names. In Pakistan its branch is called Jama'at E Islami. All these branches had one aim and purpose – to take control of the affairs of the country.

They met with stiff opposition as there are four schools of thought among the Sunnis who opposed them. In Egypt all their activists, whose leader was Syed Qutb, were lined up and shot by the then leader Jamal Abdel Nasser. In Pakistan they were rejected by the people and their mission failed. However, in Iran where the majority of the people were Shia, a special group of Mujtahids found it easier as a lot of them were in their Taqleed. They stepped over the dead bodies of more than a hundred thousand people and claimed the government. This was a short introduction of The Muslim Brotherhood about which the author writes: 'In this book the position of the Shia in the well known organisation of the Arab world, The Muslim Brotherhood, has been clearly set out. The top Scholars of the Shia world are the founding fathers of this' - (Page 3). Now we come to the main purpose of the revolution which is to be found on page 143 of the book.

"' _In the book Al Harkat Al Islami Wa Tahdeeth, Ghanoushi has considered this new thinking to be the same as the one by Imam Hassan Al Banna, Allama Mawdudi, Syed Qutb and Imam Khomeini'."_

The compiler is of the opinion that a new discipline will emanate from Iran. Under the heading 'What do we mean by a new movement?', he writes: 'Our purpose is that thinking which will come about from the formation of an Islamic government and this explanation is in accordance with all the three movements – The Muslim Brotherhood, Jama'at E Islami Pakistan, and Iran's Islamic revolution'.

THE STARTING POINT

In the book 'Sunni V/s Shia A Pitiful Outcry' he writes on page 17 : "One of the thinkers of The Muslim Brotherhood, Suleym Al Hansawi, has written in his compilations Al Sunnat Al Muftara: 'During the formation of this organisation for the unity of the Muslim countries Imam Hassan Al Banna and a Shia Mujtahid were present. Unity between The Muslims Brotherhood and the Shia was created resulting in the tour of Cairo by Nawwab Safavi in 1954. Everyone knows that Imam Hassan Al Banna met Ayatullah Kashani in 1948 during Hajj and there was an understanding and similarity of views between them'. And when Nawwab Safavi went to Damascus he met the caretaker of The Muslim Brotherhood Dr. Mustafa Al Sibai. When Dr. Sibai complained about the irreligousness of the Shia and their inclinations towards nationalistic parties, Nawwab Safavi said in clear words, 'Those Shias who wish to be true Ja'faris should join The Muslim Brotherhood. This is the Nawwab Safavi who was the leader of the Fidayee E Islam. Despite having the Shia ideology they still hold the belief in Muslim Unity and they have with them a detailed plan for this. On page 19 he is quoted as saying: 'Come, let us all work together for Islam and forget everything else in this struggle. Hasn't the time arrived for the Muslims to become aware and eradicate the differences between the Shiites and the Sunnis.

When the Shah of Iran ordered the execution of Nawwab Safavi, Fateh Yaqin of The Muslim Brotherhood commented: 'In this way a Shia Muslim has become part of the martyrs of The Muslim Bortherhood. Is there any Nawwab present in Iran today who can correct what is happening?' The writer says: 'And so Fated Yaqin was waiting for another Nawwab from Iran. Why are these people so worked up about the Nawwab of Iran? These Nawwabs are greater than the previous ones'.

Reaction to the Revolution

If you were now to think over this drama played out in the name of Muslims Unity, you will not come across the names of the Hanafis, Shafeis, Malikis and Hanbalis anywhere. Are they not all Muslims? Should they not have been included in this Muslim unity? But no! In all this they are nowhere to be seen. Only two groups stand out as hot headed in this. The Muslim Brotherhood and its branches and some Iranian Mujtahids. This is sufficient for you to realise what the purpose of all this was.

The following conclusion can be drawn from all the evidence presented above:

1. On Page 12 there is a statement from The Muslim Brotherhood: 'This revolution is under the leadership of such an Imam who is the collective pride of Islam and the reason for the high status of the Muslims'.

2. On page 41 – In west Germany a historical leader of The MuslimBrotherhood, Assam Al Attar, sent quite a few congratulatory telexes to Imam Khomeini and asked the Imam of the Ummah to supplicate for him. His recorded cassettes have been distributed among the young Muslims.

3. On Page 141 - In Sudan, The Muslim Brotherhood had a great demonstration in the University of Khartoum and Hassan Al Turabi who is a well known politician, went to see Imam Khomeini and expressed his full support.

4. On Page 43 – Faqih Yaqeen, a leader of The Muslim Brotherhood has made more than one trip to Iran and has expressed his support in his speeches. In Jordan, Abdul Rahman Khalifa, who is the leader of The Muslim Brotherhood there, has also expressed his support for the revolution, before and after it. Niyaz Yusuf, a poet, has advised all Muslims to support Imam Khomeini in his poems. He says: 'Khomeini is the Imam and Guide who has got rid of injustice. (It is surprising that he has not seen the injustices in Saudi Arabia and did not start a movement over there. This is because they have already established themselves over there. Their main purpose was for the destruction of the Shia Sect in which they have succeeded. And so if they do not celebrate over this then what else will they do?) We have given our commitment to Imam Khomeini and we will eradicate the darkness of polytheism with our blood so that there will be light in the universe.

5. The Fatwa of Maulana Maudid of the Jama'at E Islami Pakistan has been printed in the magazine 'Al Dawah' of 1979: 'Khomeini's revolution is an Islamic revolution. All the Islamic organisations and youth groups are involved in this. All Muslims in general and Islamic organisations in particular should help this revolution in every which way they can'.

6. On Page 50 – Maulana Maudidi, who was a great thinker of this century and is revered by many has said that it is the religious, moral and legal duty of every Muslim to support this revolution.

You have seen the praise of Maulana Maududi. It has been assumed that it is the religious, moral and legal duty of every Muslim to follow Maulana Maududi. Their predicament is that they could not even manage to hold a gathering in their own headquarters due to lack of support. The situation of Jamaat E Islami is in front of your eyes and all Sects are aware of this. Sometimes they seek support from the Hanafis and sometimes from the Deobandis. There is a very strong and deep relationship between the revolutionaries and the Jamaat E Islami Pakistan. This can even be gauged by the fact that soon after the revolution, the first group that visited Iran was not a Shia one but a group of Jamaat E Islami Pakistan under the leadership of Mian Tufail Muhammad.

THE DREAM OF RULING THE WORLD

The plan of the Mullahs was not restricted to Iran, but they were aspiring to rule the world and they wanted all the people to be clothed in this. And so, on page 55 of the book it says: 'Iranian Muslims, alongside the true believers have lifted the banner of the preservation of all religions'. And on Page 42,: 'It was thought that the armies of the other countries would bring down their respective governments just as the Iranian brought down the regime of the Shah'. Apparently, these are just a few words, but ponder over this and you will see that what this was leading to was wholesale bloodshed and destruction'.

On Page 47, this was issued from the international organisation of The Muslim Brotherhood: 'Kill the opposition in your area for this opportunity may never arise again'. Iqbal had told the truth when he said: 'The religion of the Mullahs is mischief in the way of God'. They had even carved out their authoritative boundaries, after their conquest of the world.

On Page 29: 'The Muslims Brotherhood's leader of the first line of the current times, Syed Hadi, writes in his book 'Al Islam: 'Each sect will have autonomous authority in its own area and they will chose their own leaders. It will be obligatory upon all of them that they should be obedient to the caliphate'.

## Reason of the Revolution

It has been proven from above that this revolution had nothing to do with the Shias. It was due to the fact that the leaders were Shias, therefore they needed some sort of legitimacy for this, and so they made use of two things as a shield. The Holy Quran and the life of Masoomeen (asws) The problem was not of Caliphate or Imamate or Trusteeship or Olil Amr, but of making claims to these so that legitimacy can be obtained for their actions.

On Page 72 of the book 'Islamic Government and Wilayat e Faqih': 'That Quran whose stance is against the Emperors'. What I am saying is that if someone were to hold this belief without referring to the Holy Quran then that is another matter. Those that are aware of the Quranic Injunctions or those that read the Quran with its translation will find it difficult to believe this stance. The Holy Quran is the Proof of Allah on His servants and not a declaration of an emperor. Go and read the whole Quran. There is no place where Allah has instructed His Prophet to overcome a king. Allah did not send the Prophets so that they should leave aside the propagation of religion and get involved in political affairs and the achieving the rulership of governments. Did any Prophet tell the king of his time that he should abdicate in his favour? The Prophet Musa (a.s.) did not tell the Pharaoh that he should hand over his government to Him. Musa (a.s.) told the Pharaoh to hand over the Israelites so that He (Musa as) should guide them and correct them. In the story of Prophet Dawood (a.s.) also we cannot see that He was told by Allah to overturn the throne of Goliath, but it was the people who requested Prophet Dawood (a.s.) to appoint a king for them so that they can defend themselves. Prophet Dawood (a.s.) fought against Goliath, in the army of Talut as an ordinary soldier. It was not HIs aim to dethrone Goliath and become the king. It was a defensive battle which is ingrained in human nature. Out of all the Prophets, only four of them had a government – Prophet Dawood (a.s.), Prophet Sulayman (a.s.), Prophet Yusuf (a.s.) and RasoolAllah (s.a.w.). None of them struggled to achieve their governments and none of the other Prophets expressed such an intent. RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) did not overcome Madina and established a government there. He fled from Mecca due to the dangers there and migrated at the request of the people of Madina. RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) did indeed call them towards the true religion but did not aspire for their government. And so for the claim that: 'The Holy Quran's whose struggle is for standing against the emeperors', is nothing but a false accusation against the Holy Quran and make is a plaything. It is possible for this to be the view of Hassan Al Banna, or Nawwab Safavi or The Muslim Brotherhood, but the Holy Quran is free from such frivolities.

How the Revolution was Established

Although evidence from the Holy Quran was given to prove the creation of the revolution, you will be taken by surprise when you realise the factors behind this revolution. The Holy Quran is nowhere to be seen.

On Page 152 – 'When I was in prison, I came across the books of Nehru. He wrote these books when he was in prison and did not know whether he will be released or be killed. He had mad a plan for the independence of India. When he was released, he acted upon the very same plan that he had conceived of whilst in prison, and he became the prime minister of four hundred million people'. I have no need to say any more about this. The plan of Nehru and the shield of the Holy Quran. Anyhow, this was his first reason. The second reason was the reference to the lives of Masoomeen (Asws) which is even more dangerous than the first. The first thing he did was to speculate on the thinking of the Holy Imams (a.s.ws). What would they have done in this situation? What would they think about? He found all this out and in this inspirational state he did not even spare the Holy Imams (a.s.ws). The second thing he did was to utilise the situation of the Banu Abbas with the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.). Why did he do that? Only for the gaining of government.

On Page 74 – 'The oppressor rulers knew full well that if the Holy Imam (a.sws.) has time to spare then they will surely take a stand and make life difficult for us. You can see that Haroun kept the Holy Imam Musa Kazim (a.sws.) in prison for many years and Manoun kept the Holy Imam Ali Reza (a.sws.) under close scrutiny and eventually had him poisoned. This was not because they were of the Family of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) but Haroun and Mamoun understood them to be on the true religion. This was because they believed that the children of Ali (a.sws.) were desirous of government and claim that the Caliphate is rightfully theirs. They thought that if the Holy Imam Musa Kazim (a.sws.) were to be left free then it is possible that when the circumstances are favourable to Him then He would take a stand and destroy their governments. This is why they never gave them respite. Do not have any doubts that had Imam Musa Kazim (a.s.ws) been given the opportunity He would have definitely taken a stand and brought down their governments. These people were desirous of the governments of Banu Abbas and would sacrifice everything for that. They did not have any particular enmity with the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.s.ws). You have read the reasoning given above. Remember this! There is no honour for anyone except that which has been given in charity from the door of Masoomeen (asws). If anyone were to degrade Masoomeen (asws) in anyway then this is the action we should take and their words should be rejected without a moment's hesitation. Otherwise, you will end up being considered as an oppressor of Masoomeen (asws). They have done this because they have considered the Holy Imams (a.sws.) to be similar to themselves – helpless. They have assumed that the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) would also be dependent upon reasons just like us. The Imam (asws) has no personal actions. He reacts to the prevalent circumstances. Therefore, if nothing could be done then He kept quiet. As if keeping quiet is due to his helplessness and not his policy. All this is either due to the lack of understanding of the station and greatness of the Holy Imams (a.sws.) or is being done deliberately. You tell me! How was it possible that Moula Ali (Asws) who lifted the door of Khyber with his two fingers, was taken away by a few people with a rope around his neck? And if they say that Moula Ali (asws) was alone, then how come not one from amongst the many had the courage to exhume the body of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.)? Moula Ali (asws) was alone then. Does this person who has offered this lame excuse not realise that each of the Holy Imams (a.sws.) has His own purpose to fulfil which He does so at its appropriate moment in time? He does not do anything else except fulfil this purpose regardless of the circumstances that prevail.

Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said, " _'O Muhammad, this is your will to the noble onesin your family.' He asked, 'Who are the noble ones in my family, O Jibril (Gabriel)?' He then said, 'They are Ali ibn abu Talib and his sons, recipients of divine supreme covenant,' On the document there were several seals of gold. The Prophet, (Saw), delivered it to (Amir al- Mu'minin) Ali, (Asws), and commanded him to open one seal and follow the instructions for him therein. (Amir al-Mu'minin) Ali,(Asws) then opened one seal and followed theinstruction in it. Then he delivered it to his son al-Hassan,(asws). He opened a seal and followed that which was therein (tofollow). He then delivered it to al-Hussain, (asws).. He opened one seal and found therein instructions that asked him to rise formartyrdom with a group of people. That there will be no martyrdom for them except along with you and sell yourself to Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High._

_He followed all the instructions. Then he delivered it to Ali (asws) ibn al-Hussain,(Asws). He opened one seal and found therein instructions that asked him to fix his gaze just before him and remain silent,secluded in his house, and worship his Lord until his death will arrive. He did as he was instructed and then delivered it (the sealed document) to his son Muhammad (asws) ibn Ali, (Asws). He opened one seal and found therein instructions that asked him to speak to people and make them learn. That he should not fear anyone except Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High; no one can harm him. He followed the instructions and then delivered it to his son Ja'far, (asws).. He opened one seal and found therein instructions that asked him to speak to people, make them learn, propagate the knowledge of his family (Ahl al- Bayt) and affirm the veracity of his righteous ancestors. That he should not be afraid of anyone except Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High; he is secure and safe. He did as was instructed and then delivered it to his son Musa, (Asws).. In the same way Musa,(asws), will deliver it to thesucceeding Imam and so on up to the appearance of al-Mahdi, (Atfs)'"_ (Usool e Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 20 hadith 2)

Hariz narrates: " _I said to Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, why is it that you, members of the family of the Prophet, live such short lives? Your deaths are so close and soon after the other Imam even though people need you so much?' "The Imam (asws) said, 'For every one of us there is a document that contains what he needs to do within his time. When his assignment according to the commandments therein is complete, he learns that his time of death has arrived. The Prophet, (Saw), comes to him to give the news of his death and informs him of all that is for him with Allah.'_ (Usool e Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 20 hadith 5)

Can you accept that a seeker of knowledge like myself is aware of these statements while the one who is followed by multitudes of people is unaware of this? And his statement, 'Do not have any doubts that had the Holy Imam Musa Kazim (a.sws.) been given any leeway He would have definitely taken a stand and brought down their governments', how much does it carry in the light of these hadiths ? Only two possibilities exist based on his reasoning. Either the Holy Imam (a.sed.) was unaware of his plan of action or else He did not carry it out due to lack of courage. Whichever of the options you chose, you will end up losing your faith. The only possibility that exists otherwise is to openly falsify the one who is reasoning like this.

The reality is that historically as well as from the statements of Masoomeen (asws) this reasoning which has been presented, cannot be proven. If Imam Musa Kazim (asws) wanted to overthrow the government He could have done so, but he decided to keep quiet as this was the right thing to do. If Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) wanted to rule, He would have accepted the requests of the Khorasanis and assumed the Caliphate, as this was a golden opportunity for Him, but did not do so. Alas! These accusations have been thrown as the Masoomeen (Asws) that They used to make war preparations at home, and had the opportunity arisen, they would have taken a stand and overthrown the government. What is strange is what he has said about the Banu Abbas that they neither had any particular hatred against RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) nor against the Holy Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.). This was just a political matter just like when Aurangzeb had his brothers killed and Mamoun had his brother Ameen killed.

This is despite the fact that every page of history as well as the statements of the Masoomeen (Asws) bear witness that these accursed people were enemies of Allah , enemies of religion, enemies of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) and His Family (a.sws.). They were thirsty for Their blood and used to envy the greatness of Their position and status. They were afraid that the multitudes of followers of the Holy Imams (a.s.ws) might rise up against them, although Masoomeen (asws) never made any such moves and They always used to reiterate that this will be done by the Al Qaim (a.tfs.). Despite this, a lot of people of low understanding (whose understanding was similar to the Mujtahids of today) used to take a stand against the governments, and they never had the support of Masoomeen (Asws).

What was this revolution?

From the discussion above it has become crystal clear that this revolution was at the most a political revolution. It was never ever a sectarian, religious or spiritual one. If you were to ask me proof of this then I will say that there is no better proof than witnessing it. Hearsay evidence is something else whereas eyewitness is something else. I hereby invite you to go to Iran and survey the situation for yourself. I am not saying this by just sitting in my living room, rather I am making this statement after having been there myself and interacted with the people of Iran. These are the conclusions that I have reached:

1. The Iranian currency has fallen in value by a third.

2. Inflation is sky high.

3. People's purchasing power is on its last breath.

4. People are complaining about their poverty.

5. People are finding it difficult to make ends meet.

6. Harsh and crazy laws have resulted in the virtual obliteration of the tourist industry. In this situation, calling this a cultural revolution is a joke.

Intellectual, religious and spiritual revolution is one where the people's thoughts have been changed and they freely adapt to the new life. Changing people's lives by the force of law cannot be called a revolution. When you survey the situation you will see that the situation is quite opposite to the drum that is being beaten that the people have changed into being pious, God-fearing overnight and that they are now avoiding frivolities,

1. The people's appearance is different from their actual lives. The women observe Hijaab when they go out and about, but at home they are the same as what they used to be during the previous regime.

2. During marriage and other occasions, the custom of dancing is still being carried on to the extent that the bride herself participates in dancing.

3. Music is being played commonly. Recorded tapes are being sold openly in the market place. They used to listen in secret before, but now it is being done in the open. It looks as if the government is turning a blind eye to this desire of its public. This is being done in the buses, hotels, and even in the parks which are under the control of the government. It is apparent from this that music has been accepted as part of life in Iran.

4. Drugs taking has increased and even under aged children can be seen to be smoking cigarettes openly. This is due to the cultural environment prevalent.

5. Men and women can be seen to be walking around hand in hand in parks and other places. It is another matter that the woman is clad in Hijaab.

6. Gambling dens have increase. If you were to take a tour of Isfahan especially at Pul Khwaju you will see a completely different world over there.

7. The custom of keeping beard is slowly decreasing and now more and more men are shaving off their beards.

8. The custom keeping a rosary in the hand and playing with it is also on the decrease. People are slowly returning back to their previous lifestyle.

9. They are considering the Holy Shrine of the Holy Imam Reza (a.sws.) as a goldmine. Instead of respecting and honouring the visitors, they are profiteering from them. The shopkeepers, taxi drivers and the government itself is involved in this. They are charging the visitors more in places where tickets need to be bought. In this situation, to call this a religious, spiritual, intellectual and moral revolution is a insane man's dream. It is clear that this was nothing but a political revolution whose main purpose was to achieve power regardless of the price which needs to be paid. This has had not effect on the individual or the collective state of the people.

## RESULTS OF THE REVOLUTION

The background and the powers on which this revolution was brought about, those in the know knew full well the logical results of this. Whipping up religious fervour and madness to bringing about a revolution and to expect good results is in itself a crazy thought. And so enmity, envy, narrow mindedness, extremism, hard attitudes, revengefulness, expressed itself in this religiousness. The attitude of respecting other people's views was eroded and the thinking 'I am the only one who is right and everyone else is wrong' was created. In the political, cultural, national and international arenas a hard-line attitude was adopted instead of an understanding one. Internally people were forced to adopt a robotic life. Killings and looting became a daily routine. Fear was implanted upon the people with the help of religious military forces so that no one would have the courage to lift his head. On the international scene Iran became isolated due to these policies. Only a few day had passed after this revolution, there was talk about exporting it to other countries based on the policies of The Muslim Brotherhood. As the Shia were greatly influenced by the Mullas, those countries where the Shia were the majority, it was only natural for the rulers to take notice and alarms bells started ringing. The Iran Iraq war was due to this.

One day the veil will be removed as to who was behind this revolution. It is necessary to take a look at the effects of this in the Shia world and in Iran itself was well.

1. The biggest effect was that Iran stopped becoming a nuclear power. All the agreements had been signed with European countries, technology from China, and Plant from Russia.

2. Before the revolution Iran had become the Superman of the area and no one had the courage to do anything about it. Iran had such a large array of helicopters which was even bigger than that of America itself. It had an air force which was even more modern than that of Israel. It had more than forty thousand tanks and other hardware which cannot even be numbered. After the revolution I don't what happened to this. Did the earth swallow this or the sky took it up. The situation was such that even a small country like Iraq invaded Iran and got it embroiled in a baseless eight year war. Iran was moved fifty years back in its progress. Historically, a lot of powers have wreaked destruction upon Iran, but the destruction that was brought about by this revolution far exceeds all of these enemies.

3. Religious terrorism became the rule from which no one was safe. The police Savak was replaced by the revolutionary guards who considered everyone as their slaves. Even today they are treating visitors like prisoners of war in the name of security. The situation in Iraq is even more difficult but they do not treat visitors like this.

4. A show off society was born which had made apparent worship as its bedspread and cover. These people had prostration marks on their foreheads and rosaries in their hands, but their purpose was to gain the world in the name of religion.

5. Beliefs were destroyed and Mullah worshipping reached its peak. The Kalema was changed and the national kalema was adopted from the adversaries. In the Adhaan, instead of saying Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar separately, it was being recited together. From the third testimony, 'Ameerul Mo'mineen Imamul Muttaqeen Aliyyun Wali Ullah' was taken out. In the prostration they started using their knees instead of their palms. In the Salam they have started looking left and right.

These were just a few examples, otherwise a whole book can be written about this.

THE EFFECTS OF THE REVOLUTION ON PAKISTANI SHIAS

There is a basic difference between the religious background of Iran and Pakistan. In Iran, both the Mehraab and the Mimbar were in the hands of the Fuqaha, and so during and after the revolution they used these two tools to their full extent. They had very few obstacles in this. In Pakistan the Mehraab was in the hands of those who play around with Fatwas whilst the Mimbar had always been in the hands of the Zakireen who used to teach people about their beliefs and recite the praises of the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.s.ws) and their grief and thus strengthen their faith. From the smallest to the biggest of the Zakireen, all their methodologies were the same and they hand control over the beliefs of the people and so the Fatwa players had difficulties in spinning their webs here. And so started the conflict between the Mehraab and the Mimbar. An organization was set up to discredit the Zakireen and that the control should rest with the Fatwa players. It was either the centuries old tradition or the grace of the Imam (Asws) that the people stayed focussed towards the praises of the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.s.ws).

From the Mahraab, instead of the praises of the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.s.), they started heaping praises on the leaders of Iran and got people acquainted with their titles. Such an environment was created as if the Holy Imam (a.sws.) had himself appeared in the shape of these Mullahs. It became obligatory to obey the Mullahs just like obedience is obligatory to the Holy Imam (a.sws.). A group of seven Mullahs was created to discredit the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.) as much as possible through their lectures. These satanic thoughts of their is to be found in books like 'Ahsan Al Fawaaid' and 'Usool al Shara'ie' which are available even today. Since all this was done with the blessings of the government, there it kept quiet about it and did not oppose them even the slightest. This was the government's purpose anyhow that the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.) should be discredited to such an extent so that their own leaders should have some respect among the people. But the Zakireen did oppose these lectures of theirs and a lot of books were written against them, but nevertheless, a group of people came into being that started worshipping the Mullahs and was happy with the disrespect of the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.). This small group is still existing today and is a thorn in the hearts of the Shia.

Over here a paramilitary force was set up similar to the revolutionary guards of Iran. This group's purpose was that if anyone were to speak against any mullah then it would act against him. And so attacks were started against the Zakireen who used to explain the true beliefs of the Shia and expose their deceit. For example the attacks against Allamah Taaj Ud Deen Hyder and Allamah Abdul Hakeem Buturabi. They used to recite slogans even during the Majalises of the Holy Imam Hussain (asws) in order to divert the attention of the people away from the Holy Imam Hussain (asws) and towards their own leaders. They changed the Durood and started singing the praises of the Mullahs which was the constitution of this group. I even heard a person say: 'The reason why Imam Hussain (asws) did not pray the afternoon prayer was because he was drenched in blood which is unclean and so prayer could not be done'. This group is still around today and has closed its eyes on the hereafter in it worship for authority and government.

The common Shia is fearful of this group and is scared of speaking out against them. This group has forgotten the lessons of history and does not understand that there is nothing that is eternal over here and there is an ending to every beginning over here. Maybe these people are unaware of what is to happen after this ending.

On the other hand in Iran a group of Mullahs was set up to start heaping praise on the revolutionary leaders rather than the Holy Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.) so that people would slowly become unaware of their true beliefs and divert them towards exoteric acts of worship. This was because the people would then be dependent upon the Mullahs for their exoteric acts of worship and the mission of the Mullahs would move forward.

What happened is Pakistan was the religious terrorism became a way of life.,Paramilitary groups began to be set up whose declared intention was to preserve;the Azadaari of the Holy Imam Hussain (Asws) but in reality it was to beat up and kill those Shias who did not conform to their views. Contemporary history is witness to all this. In this way it became common knowledge that the Shiites of Pakistan were also trying to bring about a revolution similar to the one in Iran.

The other Sect vehemently opposed this. Apart from Jamaat E Islami, all the others strongly opposed this. The other Sect then set up their own paramilitary forces whose main purpose was the general massacre of the Shias. The indoctrination of these forces was that Paradise would become obligatory on the one who kills Shias, or loot their properties, or inflict some sort of loss on them.

There were some people among the Shia leadership who added fuel to this fire instead of calming things down. They were waiting for the time when massacres of the Shia would become commonplace and there would be no safety for them. When this situation arose, their dreams, which had had dreamt along with The Muslim Brotherhood and Jamaat E Islami, came true. When you look at the big picture you will see that these dreams were not of their but of their masters, and that they were nothing but pawns in the big game. And so they started their slogans once again which they had at the start of the revolution who purpose was the destruction of the Shia beliefs. In order to stop this bloodshed an inter Muslim organisation was set up and an agreement was signed. Have a look at this agreement and see for yourself.

Unanimous Consensus

I am quoting this from page 3 of the magazine Zulfiqar of 12th September 1995: 'The honour of the RasoolAllah (s.a.w.), the Holy Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.), the Holy Imam Mahdi (atf.s.), the pure wives of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.), the honourable companions, and the rightly guided caliphs are part of faith. The who rejects them is outside the fold of Islam. Insulting them and discrediting them is forbidden and a crime'. This was signed on the 14th April 1995 by Mawlana Shah Ahmad Noorani, Mawlana Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi, Mawlana Syed Ali Al Musawi, Mawlana Muhammad Fazal Hyder (General secretary of Wafaq Shia Ulama), Mawlana Mureed Abbas Yazdani, Mawlana Qazi Husayn Ahmad, Mawlana Samee Ul Haq, Mawlana Zia Ul Qasim, Professor Sajid Meer, Mawlana Agham Taza Pooya, etc. etc. Since there is a mention of the 'rightly guided caliphs' in this covenant that was signed, the magazine then goes on to explain this term.

RIGHTLY GUIDED CALIPHS

In explanation of the famous statement of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) that there will be twelve caliphs after Him, the famous Sunni Judge Qazi Ayyaz has written in his book 'Al Shifa', and the scholar Ibn Hajar Askalani in his commentary of Sahih Al Bukhari, jalal Ud Deen Suyuti in Taarikh Ul Khulafa, Mulla Ali Qadri in Sharah Fiqah Akbar and Shah Wali Ullah Dehlavi in his book Azaalat Ul Khifa have listed them as follows: -

1. Abu Bakr

2. Umar

3. Uthman

4. Ali (a.s.ws)

5. Muawiya

6. Yazeed

7. Abdul Malik Bin Marwaan

8. Walid

9. Suleyman

10.Yazeed Bin Abdul Malik

11.Hisham

12.Walid Bin Abdul Malik

Then there is a quote from Ibn Taymiyya, 'Some are of the opinion that Yazeed (la) was from among the companions and some think he was a prophet and some think he was from among the rightly guided caliphs'. Under this there was an excerpt from a interview of the Sipah E Sahaba leader Mawlana Qasimi: 'Despite our sacrifices, we only agreed with this covenant to be signed because if this can stop the cursing of the companions then we would have achieved our purpose. In 1400 years these two Sects have finally agreed that the one who abuses the rightly guided caliphs, the pure wives, the honourable companions, has nothing to do with Islam. Sajid Naqvi and Mured Abbas Yazdani are signatories to this that those who abuse the rightly guided caliphs, the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.) and the companions of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) is outside the fold of Islam'.

And so it is my advice to the Shia that they should investigate the happenings at Saqeefa, the injustice upon the Ahl Ul Bayt (a.sws.), the burning of the door of the Syeda Fatima (sa.) and the martyrdom of her unborn child Mohsin (asws), the battles of jamal, Siffeen and Nahrwaan, the killing of Moula Ali (Asws) and Imam Hassan (a.sws.), the tragic events of Karbala and the treatment of the Holy Family (a.s.ws), and the injustices that were heaped upon the other Holy Imams (a.sws.), and forget about all that has been written in their books now. They should stop their mourning sessions of Imam Hussain (asws) as the finger now points to big people, and they might now end up being outside the fold of Islam. They should now come to a new Islam which was the one presented by the originators of the revolution. There is victory for them in this. We come from Allahand to Him we return. I have no more strength now to write any more about this revolution. Whoever wants to do whatever can do it. My work was only for the uncovering of the veil. And that I have done. The reality is that all this audacity and courage was possible because the public was fooled into believing that the Holy Imams (a.s.ws) were just sitting tight at home and did not leave any guidance for us. The Holy Imam Mahdi (a.tfs.) did not guide us as to what our way of life should be during the major occultation and so the complete running of the affairs of religion is in the hands of the Mullahs. They cant turn and twist it as they feel like. They can play with it as they like and we have no choice but to be obedient to them.

In order to do away with this misunderstanding I am hereby quoting the Hadeeth of Masoomeen (Asws) in reference to what our way of life should be during Ghaybat Kubra. There are numerous such Hadeeth and it is obvious that it is not possible for me to quote all of them and so I am only quoting a few of them by way of sample in which Masoomeen (asws)have strongly forbidden us to get involved with the formation of government, political affairs of the state, violent demonstrations, and armed rebellions.

Hadith 1:Imam Muhammad Baqir (a.sws.) said: ' _I am advising you to fear Allah, stay away from the crowds of people and stay at home. Stay away from those of our family that take up armed rebellions as they have no purpose or destination. Know this as well that whichever group that takes a stand will not be able to eradicate injustice not will it be able to bring honour to religion, but afflictions will come upon them which will break them up' –_ (BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 11; PAGE 676 hadith 677)

Hadith 2:Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) said: ' _You people sit at home. When you see me that I have associated myself with someone, then arm yourselves and come towards me'._ – (BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 11; PAGE 678)

Hadith 3:Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) said; ' _At this time sit at home and your coming out will create strife as Allah will occupy with those matters which they do not approve of._ –(BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 11; PAGE 678)

Hadith 4: Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said: ' _You keep your mouths closed and sit at home as this matter will not be for you nor for the people' –_ (BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 11; PAGE 679)

Hadith 5:Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) said: ' _So long as the earth and the sky are silent, you remain silent as well and do not come out as when Imam e Zamana (atfs) comes it will not be hidden from anyone. –_ (BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 11; PAGE 681)

Hadith 6: in Nahj Ul Balagah Ameerul Momineen (asws) says in a sermon of His: ' _Hold on to the earth and be patient during afflictions, do not give movement to your hands and your swords at all, hold your tongues. When Allah is not in a hurry for you then why are you in a hurry?_ –(BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 11; PAGE 691)

Hadith 7:Imam Ali (asws) Ibn Hussain (Asws) (Imam Zainul Abideen asws) said: _'I swear by Allah, if anyone were to take a stand before the appearance of Imam e Zamana (Atfs) his example is that of a baby bird whose wings have not yet fully developed. Comes out of its nest and the children capture it and start playing with it'._ – **(BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 12 PAGE 675)**

Hadith 8: Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) said: ' _Sit at your homes silently so long as the earth and the sky remain silent, but when you get the news that Sufyani has made his stand then immediately come to us even though you may have to walk all the way'. –_ (BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 12; PAGE 75 ref Usool e Kafi)

Hadith 9: Imam Muhammad Baqir (asws) said: ' _There is no better Jihad in this time than Hajj, Umrah and nearness to the Holy Imam (a.s.ws)'._ (Al Kafi Kitab e Hujjat chapter 40 hadith 7)

The nine Hadeeth above and the one I am about to quote completes my book and they should be taken as the conclusion of this last chapter. I do not have any better proof than this nor does any person of faith has any need for it. Look at this last Hadeeth and remember me in your prayers.

Hadith 10: Imam Jafar Sadiq (asws) said: ' _Before the appearance of Al Qaim (atf.s.), whichever standard (flag) is raised, then know that its leader is Taghoot (Satan) who is worshipping someone other than Allah'_ (BIHAR UL ANWAAR VOL 11; PAGE 688)

This book (urdu version) was completed in November 1999 which corresponds to Rajab 1420.

# APPENDIX

Greetings

I am presenting a gift to all those believing men and women who had aligned themselves with falsehood only due to lack of knowledge. As they had not been exposed to the truth before therefore they should now come towards it as a bird returns to its nest and prove the fact that 'Everything returns to its origins'.

Reaction

I have no idea how many drowned and how many survived, but I am certain that the number of those who survived far exceed those that drowned, for which there is no amount of thanks that I can give in the presence of Imam e Zamana (Atfs) which will be sufficient. The reactions which I have received from not only Pakistan, but India, England and other countries as well, clearly prove to me that no matter how strong falsehood may be, it is not possible for it to eradicate the truth. Falsehood is not something which can be eradicated and that tells me that the believers hearts are not bereft of movement in matters of faith. As Iqbal has said – Soften yourself and you will see that this clay is very fertile. The only regret I have is that so far I have not received any academic response to my book. For example someone may have pointed out that in this book a particular reference is incorrect, or a particular Verse is incorrect or the conclusions that have been reached from them are not correct. The voice that was heard was that 'The write is an unbeliever! He has taken money frommAmerican and Israel. The buying of this book, reading it and keeping it at home amounts to disbelief'. Etc. Etc. Only those that do not have any evidence or proofs make this kind of talk. There is no basis for these kind of reactions. These kind of crazy assertions are not something on which time or paper should be wasted in response to it, but I do not want the Shiites to be left in any misunderstanding, no proof should be left out and there should be no room for escape.

WHAT IS THIS NEW THING?

One thing that was said was, 'This has been happening for a long time now andno one has raised a voice against it, so who is this guy who is creating new,things in matters of religion?' The point is that if a blind person were to be given eyesight all of a sudden then everything will look new to him. This is their condition. These people have kept the Shia in the dark about their real religion, and so many lies have been spoken that the Shia have now come to believe these lies as the truth, and so if someone were to speak the truth to them then they would consider it to be a new thing. When you read this book you will realize that I have presented the interpretation of the Verse of the Holy Quran as explained by Masoomeen (Asws.). The Hadeeth I have presented are from extremely old Shia source books. 'Kitab Suleym Bin Qays Hilali' is the first Hadeeth book of the Shia Sect written at the time of Moula Ali (asws.). This book has been verified by three Masoom Imams (asws.) – The fourth, fifth and sixth Holy Imams (a.sws.). I have presented quotations from this book. I have also quoted from Al Kafi which was written during the minor occultation of the Holy Imam Mahdi (a.s.). There is no record of any reprimand about this from the Holy Imam (a.s.) and so this cannot be doubted.

Then there is the period of Shaykh Sadouq which is very near to the beginning of the major occultation. I have quoted from his books Man La Yahzurul Faqih and Illul U Shara'ie. I have also quoted from the sermons of Moula Ali (asws) from Nahj Ul Balagah and Nahj Ul Israr. Sahifa Kamila is collection of supplications as taught by Imam Ali (asws) bin Hussain (asws) and is considered to be a very authentic book. I have quoted from this book as well. Nobody can dispute against the person of Allamah Majlisi, I have quoted from his books as well. I have also quoted from the well known Mara'jas, Allamah Hilli, Allamah Toosi, Allamah Muhammad Baqir Khowansari, Allamah Bakhshashi, Agha e Khomeini, Allamah Dastaghayb, Mufti Ja'far Hussain etc. Can you please tell me where have I brought a new thing from? The inventors of new things are those who have spoiled the map of the Shia Sect and have established a religion which has neither to do with the Ahlul Bayt (as) nor with Their religion. They have prohibited the asking of questions and in this way the whole population has been made to be subservient to them.

Cry of a Thief

The second accusation that has labelled against me is that I am breaking up the community and creating differences between them. MashaAllah! The people who are throwing this accusation at me are the very ones who have been doing nothing but this for centuries. Every person has his own set of beliefs, his actions are difference from others, some are emulating this guy and some the other (Taqleed), some are reciting something as an obligatory act and some as a recommended one, some are considering a thing to be prohibited whilst the same thing is considered by others as lawful and permissible, in one Mosque two congregational prayers are seen. Who has created these differences? Me? I have a pamphlet on me which has a photograph of a particular Ayatullah and people have been invited to do his Taqleed as he is the real Ayatullah. Then there is a reference to a particular person who was given the title of Ayatullah whilst he was in prison in order to save him from the death penalty. Who has done all this mess? And the blame is on me? If in a crowd of falsehood, the raising of the voice of truth an inviting people to it equates to the spread of dissension, then I accept this accusation willingly. If you were to take dissension to mean who you are saying it to be then all the Prophets (a.s.) would come under this as whenever a Prophet (a.s.) the people became divided into two groups of those with the truth and those with the falsehood. There can never be a compromise between truth and falsehood. Whoever reads my book will testify that its very purpose is to eradicate dissension, and that is through obedience to Masoomeen (Asws). Is this not a central point on which the whole Shia world can get united on? Is it no obligatory upon all to grab hold of the Firm Handle (Urwat Ul Wusqa)? I have a whole chapter dedicated to differences in my book where this matter has been extensively discussed in the light of Divine Verses and the statements of Masoomeen (Asws). Who is there who can accuse me of spreading dissension? Except for the one whose income has been adversely affected of course.

Knowledgeable Book

This is also some sort of a joke. The accusation is that this is not an academic book. And when questioned as to why this is so, then answer comes back that this has been written in a layman's language and is therefore not a scholarly work. MashaAllah!MashaAllah! These people are in need of a psychologist. Remember this and know this well that this is also a conspiracy which has been played out on the Shia throughout the centuries that the books should be written in such a manner that it would be impossible for the common man to understand them and the knowledge should become exclusive to a particular group of people only and that the people would always be dependent upon them and keep their collars round their necks. And now if someone were to bring the knowledge to the doorsteps of the common people in their own language then obviously this would be unacceptable to them as their conspiracy would break up.

DOCTOR PHOBIA

I am surprised that despite all the evidence and proofs these people, be they learned or ignorant, keep on repeating the same thing over and over again that 'If someone is sick then he needs to see a doctor and therefore if a religious problem arises then he needs to go and consult the scholar'. From the first day they said from the pulpit of 'Baab Ul Ilm' that: 'This person wants everyone to become a Mujtahid and if this were possible then everyone would also become doctors'. This is a very big false accusation against me. I definitely do not want every person to become a Mujtahid. In fact I do not want anyone to become a Mujtahid. That thing which has nothing to do with the religion of Ahlul Bayt (asws) and has been taken from Their enemies, how can I encourage people towards it? Medical science is a worldly profession and Allah hasn't told us to adopt worldly professions that everyone should become doctors, engineers or lawyers. This is up to the individual which branch of knowledge he wishes to learn and which one he wishes to ignore. He can even decide not to do that and earn his living doing menial jobs. Allah has regarded all types of methods to earn a living to be an act of worship provided they are lawful in religion. In the matter of religion, however, Allah has not left us free to decide but has made the acquisition of knowledge and obligation upon all Muslims. The Pure and Holy Imams (a.sws.) has severely reprimanded those who depend upon others for knowledge and do not bother acquiring it themselves. Therefore the example of medical science with the knowledge of religion cannot be valid. The second point which is necessary to make is that whether it is a doctor or an engineer, going to them is merely for consultation. You may have seen advertisements in various hospitals promoting medicine after which there are the words, 'If the symptoms persist consult your physician'. You will also have seen that we can go to any doctor that we feel like and there are no restrictions. We do not have to go to a particular one only. Going to a particular doctor does not restrict us from going to another one. There is also another warning which is displayed in the hospitals, 'Medication can be dangerous'. In other words, it could be dangerous to treat ourselves through medication without having consulted the doctor first. Now, if these people have decided that the cure for religious 'ailments' has been given to us by RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) and Masoomeen (asws) and then if someone were to create his own 'medication' in the form of religious laws and get other people to partake from it, would this not constitute 'self-medication'?

The third thing is that, be it a doctor or a lawyer, we have to consult them out of necessity. These illiterate friends of mine have taken this to equate to Taqleed

**(Blind following).** Even the most serious person will not be able to hold back his smile at this. When we need to have a haircut we go to the barber for it, does this now mean that we are in his Taqleed? When we want to have our shoes repaired and go to the shoemaker for it does this mean that we are now his Muqallideen?

**(Followers** ) And so by consulting the doctors we are not emulating him, butmrather we are only consulting him. When turning towards a doctor does not constitute Taqleed then how can consultation with a priest, be so. Why are we being forced into it? This matter will become more clear by way of an example. Supposing a priest were to become sick and goes to the doctor. According to them he will then be doing his Taqleed. Now, the situation would be that both of them are in each other's Taqleed according to them. This like the chicken and egg situation. Which came first? Only those who are blind of intellect will regard the turning towards the doctors and engineers as Taqleed. These people do not understand what connotations come out of this. It is proven from history that whenever RasoolAllah (saw) or Masoomeen (asws) fell ill, they consulted the physicians. But these people have their businesses to run and if Masoomeen (Asws) get degraded in the process then so be it.

IGNORANT RESPONSE

One Allamah expressed intense disgust over my book. Someone asked him: 'Sir! If this book is so bad and a lot of people are being misguided with it, why do you not write a response to it?' He replied arrogantly, 'We do not respond to ignorant people!' First of all, I have neither claimed to be a scholar, nor have I adorned myself with any titles. Furthermore RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) has defined an ignorant person in this way: 'One who claims to be learned is the ignorant'. SubhanAllah! I fall outside of the definition of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.). This Allamah should worry about himself as he has adorned himself with the title of 'The Most Knowledgeable One' (Allamah).

Shia Finance

One person was so impressed with this book that he expressed his feelings that he agreed with all of it. Then he met this 'teacher of angels' who said to him: 'My friend! This book is very dangerous'. He asked: 'And why is that so?' The guy said: 'Have you not read the chapter on Khums? This is a conspiracy to destroy the Shia way of life'.

Firstly, someone should ask him what connection do the Shia have with Khums, for it is only for the Family of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) and not for the general public. Now, listen to me about the attitude that prevail against the Family Member of RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) (Sadaat).

First of all they ruin their honour by asking them for proof of being Seyyids. Now where on earth is he supposed to get this certificate from? And even if he does succeed in doing so, when are they going to accept it anyhow? The want a mullah to certify it as he also has a living to make. Now, how does a strange Mullah know whether a person is a Seyyid or not? He just has to take some money and issue a certificate. And when this Seyyid gets this certificate to go and collect Khums he find that there is a long queue before him. And when he finally gets his turn, he gets a miserly two hundred rupees in his hand from which he has to run his home, pay for hospital care and educate his children with it. The correct thing for these degenerate people to do would be to deliver the Khums monies directly to the homes of the Seyyids and not to make them queue up for it. When the government imposes a tax, does it come to their doors to collect it or do they go running towards their office to pay it in case they get imposed with a penalty. This situation of the Seyyids was either seen during the rule of the Umayyid and the Abbasid dynasties or it is being seen now at the hands of those who call themselves Shiites.

AN IMPORTANT OBJECTION

I have discussed 'Conjecture' as being a principle of Ijtihad in my book condemningly. I have presented Divine Verses and the statements of Masoomeen (Asws) which have strictly forbidden the use of conjecture. An objection was raised against me and a couple of Hadeeth were sent to me without any references attached to them. The first one quoted an incident whereby RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) was leading prayers when a cry of a child was hear from inside his house. He shortened his prayers and went inside the house. When He returned the companions asked him: 'O Prophet Of Allah! Why did you shorten the prayers?' RasoolAllah (saw) replied: 'I surmised that it was Hussain (asws) that was crying'. Over here the Arabic word 'Zann' has been used by Him. The other Hadeeth which they presented to me is to be found in Sermon

No. 54 of Nahj Ul Balagah. When the people crowded around the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) pressuring Him to accept the Caliphate, He said: 'I surmised that they would kill me'. Over here also the Arabic word 'Zann' has been used. The question they raised was that if Masoomeen (asws) can act upon conjectures then why can't we? What I am saying is that they have only given me a couple of Hadeeth but I am referring them to a Verse of the Holy Quran where Allah has used the term 'Zann' for his truthful Prophet.

" _And he said to him whom he presumed would be delivered of the two: Remember me with your lord; but the Shaitan caused him to forget mentioning (it) to his lord, so he remained in the prison a few years." [12:42]_

There you are! Now it has been established that the word 'Zann' has been used for a truthful Prophet and so I hereby present my congratulations to these people. I don't think this argument has been presented to me out of ignorance. I am of the conclusion that this is a joke which has been played on our religion. What I find to be strange is that these people do not even shirk from falsifying Divine Verse and Holy Narrations in order to justify their conjectures. The Holy Quran is quite clear is stating that the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) NEVER used to speak of his own accord. Whatsoever was revealed unto HIm is what He spoke. What has revelation got to do with conjecture? And the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) is reported to have said that even if all the veils were to be lifted from him, it would not make an iota of a difference to his conviction. Despite this, these people have the audacity to associate these Holy Personalities with conjecture. Any aware person will testify that a word used by different people does not always carry the same meaning. We refer to ourselves has being alive and Allah also refers to Himself as being Alive. Does the term 'alive' carry the same meaning for both? We have also been referred to as people and so have the Prophets (a.s.) and Holy Imams (a.s.ws). Does this mean that we are all the same? I would have never bothered to answer these frivolities, but as this is an academic discussion therefore I want my readers to understand this correctly.

At this juncture I would like to discuss five term which have been used for both Masoomeen (asws) as well as the generality of people.

First Term: Those Firmly Rooted in Knowledge

" _But the firm in knowledge among them and the believers believe in what has been revealed to you and what was revealed before you, and those who keep up prayers and those who give the poor-rate and the believers in Allah and the last day, these it is whom We will give a mighty reward. The believers from among the People of the Book have been referred to as 'Those who are firmly rooted in knowledge'." [4:162]_

" _He it is Who has revealed the Book to you; some of its verses are decisive, they are the basis of the Book, and others are allegorical; then as for those in whose hearts there is perversity they follow the part of it which is allegorical, seeking to mislead and seeking to give it (their own) interpretation, but none knows its interpretation except Allah, and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge say: We believe in it, it is all fromour Lord; and none do mind except those having understanding." [3:7]_

In this Verse it is Masoomeen (asws) that have been referred to as those who are rooted in knowledge. How can we conclude from this that they are both equally firmly rooted in knowledge.

Second Term: Oppressors

Take a look at these two Verses:

" _And as to those who believe and do good deeds, He will pay them fully their rewards; and Allah does not love the oppressor." [3:57]_

" How shall Allah guide a people who disbelieved after their believing and (after) they had borne witness that the Messenger was true and clear arguments had come to them; and Allah does not guide the oppressors."

There are numerous such Verses in the Holy Quran. Two things can be established with these two Verses – (1) Allah (does not guide the oppressors. In other words the oppressors would be a people gone astray. (2) Allah does not befriend the oppressors. In other words the oppressors would be the enemies of Allah. Let us now look for the same wordings used for Prophets (a.s.).

" _And We said: O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in the garden and eat from it a plenteous (food) wherever you wish and do not approach this tree, for then you will be of the oppressors." (2:35)_

" _And Yunus, when he went away in wrath, so he thought that We wouldnot straiten him, so he called out among afflictions: There is no god but Thou, glory be toThee; surely I am of those who make themselves to suffer loss." [21:87]_

Now if someone has the courage he should come forward and say that this word has been used in the same meaning here that it was used for other people. Then the ugly connotations of this would be assigned to the Prophets (a.s.) (maazAllah) I know that these people are now going to teach me the difference meanings of the word 'oppressor'. One thing is for certain, whatever type of oppression it may be, it is the opposite of justice.

Third Term: KNOWLEDGE

" _And certainly We tried those before them, so Allah will certainly know those who are true and He will certainly know the liars." [29:3]_

" _And most certainly Allah will know those who believe and most certainly He will know the hypocrites." [29:11]_

" _Certainly We sent Our messengers with clear arguments, and sent down with them the Book and the balance that men may conduct themselves with equity; and We have made the iron, wherein is great violence and advantages to men, and that Allahmay know who helps Him and His messengers in the secret; surely Allah is Strong,Mighty." [57:25]_

If we were to take the same meaning from this word, then the conclusion would be that even Allah does not know the future events. (maazAllah)

Fourth Term: MAYBE (LA'ALLA)

This word is used when the speaker is not convinced of what he is saying. Allah has Used this same word for Himself on numerous occasions. A few examples of which are:

" _O men! serve your Lord Who created you and those before you so that you may guard (against evil)." _[ 2:21]_

" _Then We pardoned you after that so that you might give thanks. And when We gave Musa the Book and the distinction that you might walk aright." [ 2:52-53]_

Are we now to conclude (maazAllah) that even Allah speaks without certainty?

Fifth Term: KINGDOM

" _Say: O Allah, Master of the Kingdom! Thou givest the kingdom to whomsoever Thou pleasest and takest away the kingdom from whomsoever Thou pleasest, and Thou exaltest whom Thou pleasest and abasest whom Thou pleasest in Thine hand is the good; surety, Thou hast power over all things." [3:26]_

" _Or do they envy the people for what Allah has given them of His grace? But indeed We have given to Ibrahim's children the Book and the wisdom, and We have given them a grand kingdom." [4:54]_

Are we now to take kingdom to mean the same in all these situations? This is the reason why the translators and the commentators have made use of interpretation on these occasions. The word 'conjecture' (Zann) also has to be looked at in the same manner. Masoomeen (Asws) are at such a high level that the mere thought of uncertainty does not arise. For ignorant people like us, acting upon conjecture is shameful and prohibited as yaqeen (certainty) is a condition for actions.

" _And most of them do not follow (anything) but conjecture; surely conjecture will not avail aught against the truth; surely Allah is cognizant of what they do." [10:36]_

After all these clarifications, no doubt remains, but I would still like to explain further as to what meanings are to be taken when this word gets used for the Prophets (a.s.) and the Holy Imams (a.sws.). Zann has three literal meanings– conjecture, doubt, and conviction. This is to derive a conclusion based on witnessing something based on knowledge and intellect. When you realise the difference between the knowledge and intellect of the Holy Imams (a.s.ws) and ordinary people, the matter would become clear. All scientists, philosophers and wise people are unanimous in concluding that the human being does not use more than a third of his brain. If he were to use more than this then he would become paralysed and go mad. In this way two thirds of the brain remains unused. This is where the first stage of revelations begins. Anyway, these are the possibilities. Practically, all the intellectuals and scientists so far have only managed to used five percent of their brain. The human has yet to exceed these levels. This means that ninety five percent still remains untapped. It is irrefutable that when a human being uses his deficient intellect to get to some conclusions, the matter will always be subject to doubt. In contrast Masoomeen (asws) use their complete intellect. It is the same with knowledge. Our knowledge is restricted and localised, whereas the knowledge of Masoomeen (asws) unrestricted and universal. And so whatever conclusions that will be reached by Them based on Their knowledge will be free from uncertainty and doubt. This is the reason why Allah has condemned our conjectures whereas those of Masoomeen (asws) have been Praised.Too try and equate our conjectures with Theirs is proof of our ignorance.

FRIDAY PRAYERS

Al lot of questions came to me regarding Friday and Eid Prayers. I never respond to irresponsible talk and am not going to do so now. However, I will respond to academic questions which are raised with good intentions. Basically, all these questions can be summarised into one: 'Why should we not pray the Friday Prayers when there is an explicit Order for it in the Holy Quran?' This is a reasonable question and I consider it an obligation upon myself to answer it.

The first point to note is that the Friday Prayer is completely different from other Daily Prayers. It is an obligation to 'make up' for the missed Daily Prayers but there is not such regulation surrounding the Friday Prayer. There is no Order to leave aside trading for the Daily Prayers like there is for the Friday Prayer. The sermon forms an obligatory part of the Friday Prayer and there is not such obligation for the Daily Prayers. It is such and obligation that during the sermon no other prayer can be prayed. The purpose of the sermon is to achieve andunderstanding the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) of our time and announce his apparent governance. The Prayer leader has to hold a stick in his hand during the sermon.

All these factors point to one thing that the purpose of this is to explain the honour and dignity of the Holy Imam (a.sws.). It stands to reason that this can only be done when the Holy Imam (a.sws.) is physically present among us (Has come out of the major occultation). Allah (neither gives us any pointless Orders nor is He in need of any of our Prayers.

Conditional Wajib

Whatever obligatory acts that the mujtahids deal with, they all come with conditions attached to them. These acts are only obligatory if the pre-conditions for it are met or else they become prohibited. For example, for a Prayer to be done it is a must that the clothes that we wear and the place where we Pray are not usurped property. Now if someone were to wear usurped clothes and start praying on usurped land and then respond to objections by saying that: 'Why should I not pray when there is an explicit order for it in the Holy Quran?', then this would testify to his ignorance and lack of intellect. And if in this condition this person does pray, then instead of worshipping Allah he would have ended up being disobedient to Him . Similarly, for fasting, it is a pre-condition that a person is not sick or on a journey. And in this condition is a person insists on fasting saying that 'Why should I not fast when there is an explicit order for it in the Holy Quran', then he will end up being disobedient to Allah despite having fasted. For Zakaat (Poor tax) possession of taxable wealth is necessary.

If someone were to say: 'Why should I not give Zakaat when there are explicit orders for it in the Holy Quran?' when he is in possession of taxable wealth, then he will have rebelled against Allah. It is a pre-condition of Hajj that a person has disposable income and if someone were to say: 'Why should I not perform hajj when there is an explicit order for it in the Holy Quran?' then he is being stubborn against Allah (s.w.t.).

For Jihad the order of the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) is necessary and if someone were to adorn himself with weapons and come out saying: 'Why should I not do Jihad when there is an explicit order for it in the Holy Qur'an', then this will be classified as bloodshed and strife, not an act of worship. It is the same with Friday Prayers. This is indeed an individual obligation and whoever disputes this, is a kafir and an accursed one. It is necessary to understand that the Holy Quran contains summarised Orders the explanations for which were give by RasoolAllah (s.a.w.) and the Holy Imams (a.sws.).

If you were to obtain a list of the pre-conditions of the Friday Prayer from any Mujtahid you will see that from all the pre-conditions the most important one is thepresence of the Holy Imam (a.sws.). Even Mufti Ja'far Husain has accepted this. If this was not the case then there would not have been so many difference interpretations of the Quranic Verses. If there is an explicit Order to pray the Friday Prayer then how come the Mujtahids differ in the Verdicts. Some say it is obligatory, some say it is a recommended Prayer while some say it is almost an obligation, when it is an individual obligation. Agha e Khoie says that after the Friday Prayer the Mid-day Prayer (Zohr) has to be recited while Agha e Khomeini says that it should not be done. The reason for all these differences is that the occultation of the Holy Imam (a.tfs) is stuck in their throats and in the interests of Muslim unity and in their desire to please their elder brothers, these Mujtahids keep giving different Verdicts for this matter. There is something fishy going on.

Let me explain this by way of an example. We have freedom to eat and drink all those things which have been declared as lawful by Allah but in the month of Ramadhan these very same things become unlawful unto us during fasting. The time period that we are living in today can be regarded as the month of Ramadhan. The occultation of the Holy Imam (a.tfs.) has rendered many things as redundant, like Friday Prayer, Edi Prayers Holy War etc. InshaAllah when our Holy Imam (atf.s.) makes his appearance, we will pray these Prayers and we will also take part in Holy Wars. To perform these actions out of desire when the pre-conditions have not been met equates to rebellion against Allah and obedience to Shaytan.

I have written all this in order to explain these matters to you so that you may understand better otherwise for a believer the order of the Holy Imam (a.sws.) is sufficient. If the Holy Imam (a.tfs.) had not been in occultation then the believers would not wander around here and there. I have presented the order of the Holy Imam Ali (Asws) ibn Hussain (asws) from Sahifa E Kamila in my book, and not if someone were to go against that in his obedience to someone else then he should know that this is a sign of hypocrisy.

ALTERNATE VIEW

So far I have dealt with question and objections that have been levelled against me, but I have also received letters from those who say that what I have written is insufficient and that I have omitted many other matters. The basic purpose of my book was to rectify the situation and so I included whatever I thought was necessary for it and avoided those matters which would have provoked pointless discussion. These people have sent me some questions regarding the topics of

Ijtihad and Taqleed, and I think it is necessary to mention them here, but with precaution, as this has nothing to do with me but it has to do with those who are busy in promoting this system for worldly benefit. It is not on me to answer these questions but on those that indulge in Ijtihad, because the secrets of the home are known to the people of the household. These Mujtahids, their representatives and their workers should answer these questions with full responsibility, and with historical references, since they have assumed the position of being guides of the people. The people should consider it an obligation upon themselves to extract answers from these people. They should ensure that their answers are received in writing with their seals on it so that it can be verified.

QUESTIONS

1 – Although the four special representatives of the Holy Imam Mahdi (a.tfs.) themselves never claimed to be so, they were labelled with this and this became popular. Then the claim was made of general representation. The question is: 'Who was the fifth representative?' In other words, who was the FIRST PERSON to declare himself as the representative after the death of Hussai Bin Muhammad (the fourth one)? How long after his death was this first claim made? What was the name of his book, which in the language of jurisprudence is referred to as Tawzeeh Ul Masaail, and when did it first reach the hands of the people? It is being rumoured that the Abbasides burnt our libraries and so this book was also burnt with it and is no longer available these days. The question is that in those very libraries, very old books of ours like Al Kafi, Man La Yahzur Ul Faqih, Tahzee, Istibsaar, Nahj Ul Balagah,and numerous sermons of the Holy Imam Ali (a.sws.), were present. How come these books were preserved whereas the only book that burned was the first Twazeeh Ul Masaail. Is there anyone who can unravel this mystery?

2 – The Mujtahids claim to be the representatives of the Holy Imam Mahdi (atf.s.) and it is a principle that a representative always does the same as what the his mentor does. When we recite the salutations to our Holy Imam (a.tfs.) we use the words: 'Peace be on you O Imam of the Men and Jinn'. The person has asked: 'In the Holy Quran Allah has Declared that He did not create the Jinn and the men but for worshipping Him' Worship denotes obedience to Commands and these have been given to us by Masoomeen (asws). Now that these Mujtahids are claiming to be the representatives of the Holy Imam (a.tfs.), then it follows that commands should also must emanate from them. The commands should be for the Jinn as well as Men as obedience is obligatory upon both of them. For Men they claim to be the representatives of the Holy Imam (atf.s.), but, has the obligation been lifted from the Jinns? Who is the representative for them? Do the Jinns also come to these famous people to sort out any of their problems?

A few more questions arise from the above:

•The Holy Imam (a.tfs.) has come as a guide to all mankind and all of the Jinns and so no one can be equal to them. The origin of the Holy Imam (atf.s.) is different to those of the Jinn and the Men. Do these Mujtahids claim to be of a different origin from that of the Jinn and Men? And so how can they claim to be the representatives?

•In our salutation to the Holy Imam (a.s.) we say: 'Peace be upon you O partner of the Holy Quran!' Can a person who is prone to errors ever be a partner with the Holy Quran?

•In our salutation to the Holy Imam (a.s.) we say: 'Peace be upon you O Caliph of the Most Beneficent!' Can the representatives of this Holy Imam (a.s.) claim to be a Caliph of Allah ? And if they cannot then how can they be the representatives?

According to the well known Hadeeth, all Masoomeen (Asws) have been referred to as 'Muhammad'. The Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) never spoke without revelation and therefore none of the Holy Imams (a.s.ws) did either. How come these claimants are making statements without Divine Commands?

3 – There is a strange claim in the Tawzeeh Ul Masaail of Syed Ali Sistani which reads: 'By following the rules in this book, you will be free from giving account on the Day of Judgment for your actions'.

" _O people! guard against (the punishment of) your Lord and dread the day when a father shall not make any satisfaction for his son, nor shall the child be the maker of any satisfaction for his father; surely the promise of Allah is true, therefore let not this world's life deceive you, nor let the arch-deceiver deceive you in respect of Allah." [31:33]_

" _Say: What! shall I seek a Lord other than Allah? And He is the Lord of all things; and no soul earns (evil) but against itself, and no bearer of burden shall bear the burden of another; then to your Lord is your return, so He will inform you of that in which you differed." [6:164]_

" _Whoever goes aright, for his own soul does he go aright; and whoever_

goes astray, to its detriment only does he go astray: nor can the bearer of a burden bear the burden of another, nor do We chastise until We raise a messenger." [17:15]

" _And a burdened soul cannot bear the burden of another and if one weighed down by burden should cry for (another to carry) its burden, not aught of it shall be carried, even though he be near of kin. You warn only those who fear their Lord in secret and keep up prayer; and whoever purifies himself, he purifies himself only for (the good of) his own soul; and to Allah is the eventual coming." [35:18]_

" _If you are ungrateful, then surely Allah is Self-sufficient above all need of you; and He does not like ungratefulness in His servants; and if you are grateful, He likes it in you; and no bearer of burden shall bear the burden of another; then to your Lord is your return, then will He inform you of what you did; surely He is Cognizant of what is in the breasts" [39:7]_

" _That no bearer of burden shall bear the burden of another-" [53:38]_

The six Verses above quite clearly state that on the Day of Judgment, no one will bear the burden of anyone else. Each person will have to answer for his deeds himself. The Holy Quran has also stated that the deceivers will surely deceive us in this regard. These Mujtahids must be fathers to their own children and if they cannot bear the burden of their own children then how can they make the claim to bear the burden of other people? Does not this person who has made this claim in blatant violation of it?

4 – Who was the first person to claim that it is obligatory to emulate (Do the Taqleed of) a nonmasoom. And when was this claim first made?

5 – Who was the first person to make the claim that without being in the Taqleed of a non masoom none of the deeds are acceptable? When was this claim first made? Between the time of the last special representative of the Holy Imam (atf.s.) till the time that this claim was first made, how much time had elapsed? And what will happen to those believers who left this world without being in the Taqleed of a Mujtahid?

6 – Who was the first person to have claimed to be an Ayatullah? And when he made this claim, what meaning did he make it in? And what is meant by this title these days? By placing the words 'Great' and 'Grand' along with this, what benefit is derived from it?

7 – What was the deficiency in the Mujtahids of old who never made the claim to be Naaib e Imam (atf.s.), Hujjat Ul Islam and Ayatullah type of titles, and what is the speciality of the Mujtahids of today which has compelled them to make these claims. These questions have been presented to the scholars and myself as well as my readers are awaiting answers from them. We hope that they will give us replies that is befitting of their glorious status. Instead of throwing accusations they will adopt the way of academic discourse which should never be turned into political duels. What is acceptable is that which can be proven by evidence not by the might of an individual.

News Alert

I had already completed my discussion and my book had already gone to press, so it was not possible for me to add a few pages to it afterward. I have just received a letter today from someone who says that he used to be my enemy, but after reading this book he now regrets his actions and presented his apologies to me. He is my brother in faith and InshaAllah a believer in the sight of Allah . Concerning the book, he says that someone gave it to him and requested some answers and so he passed them on to me. This book, 'Concerns regarding Ijtihad and Taqleed', which has been printed by Hassan Printers of Chowk, Karachi, Pakistan. For contact they have given their phone number which is 2623515. The price tag of forty rupees has been printed on the book so that it can be established that it is indeed a book and not a pamphlet produced by way of charitable donations.

Practically speaking, whoever I have spoken to is prepared to keep the Holy Quran on his head that this book was distributed freely in Masjid E Kahyr Ul Amal in Ancholi after the Majlis. It is strange that the very people who are against the distribution of free food 'Tabarruk' in a Mosque the ones distributing this forty rupee book. The real problem was that since my book came in to the market, the Mujtahids and their workers came under great pressure to write and answer to it. But it will be impossible for them to falsify my book till the Day of Judgment for falsifying my book will be like falsifying the Holy Quran Masoomeen (asws) and their own Mujtahids, because in this book there are no other references other than from these sources. And so they were trapped both ways, whether they give an answer to it or not. Now, everyone thinks that this is indeed an answer to my book 'Kash Ul Haqaaiq', but in reality it is not. In this book there is absolutely no reference whatsoever to my book nor have any of the points raised in the book an answer to my points. Yes, the have certainly mentioned in their book matters which have nothing to do with the intellect nor reality in order to mislead the blind and push them into a pit. I have no concern with the blind but whatever that I have written is for people of understanding.

Writing is not a problem for me, but there is no point in purposeless discussions. If you were to look carefully into it you will see that this book actually verifies what is written in my book and does not refute it. All you need is an inquiring mind. The have presented on Quranic Verse and ten Hadeeth, which have all been explained already in my book to prove my point. Had they dealt with the points that I have made in my book then at least an academic discussion would have ensued. What have they gained from repeating the same points all over again?

For their information, they have only presented eleven arguments whilst I have seventeen in my book. They should now write another book and mention the six arguments that they have missed out. This is what has been happening for centuries now. What I have said is sufficient for this book but I think I should present a summary of it for the benefit of the publishers. But I have a slightly different approach of introducing matters. I have divided their book into different 'books' (sections) and summarised these separately. I never let go of truth-seeking, and so I apologise in advance.

BOOK OF Wonders

First of all this book is like a child for whom no one is prepared to be his father. There is no mention of the author of the book. One Page there is a statementwhich reads that: 'A group of scholars' have pulled their resources to put this book together. From this I can gather that all these scholars are unanimous in the views mentioned in the book. Whoever has read my book will see that I have only presented the statements of Masoomeen (asws) and I have invited people only towards Them. Their book is against this approach and there is a statement of the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) that: 'Whenever a consensus is reached against Masoomeen (asws) these people will be munafiqs (hypocrites) '. They should have at least written the name of one of the 'group of scholar' so that he can be recognised and the book can at least be associated to him. The term, 'A group of scholars' is a very wide one and had different meanings in different areas. In the west even an owl is referred to as 'wise'. If they get hold of this book of theirs, they will wonder how a group of owls have reached a consensus over it. The second strange thing about this book is that it has proven that a child is born first then a father comes into existence.

On Page 2 it is written, 'Second Edition 2002' when there is no mention of the first edition and no one is aware of its existence.

The third strange this appears of Pages 52 and 59 of their book where they have listed the criteria required for the understanding the Holy Quran and Hadeeth. For the understanding of Hadeeth they have listed forty nine pre-conditions. What they mean is that neither is anyone going to be able to meet these forty nine conditions nor is he ever going to touch a book of Hadeeth. In this way they have prohibited the reading of the Hadeeth of the Masoomeen (asws), except for the Mujtahids. Let me list some of these conditions that they have listed.

1. The knowledge of all the narrators from the beginning till to date.

2. From the time of the companions and the Tabi'een (Repentants) till now, the knowledge of the narrators and their clans. In other words, in the past fourteen centuries whatever narrator of Hadeeth has lived, it is necessary to know the family background, lineage, etc. of all of them otherwise you cannot read Hadeeth. It is better if you remain ignorant.

3. The knowledge of the origin of the narrators. In other words he should have the knowledge of geography otherwise he cannot read Hadeeth.

4. The knowledge of the brother and sisters of the companions and the Tabi'een.

5. The knowledge of the children and slaves of the companions and the Tabi'een. This is only possible when a person is related to them and is a frequent visitor to their homes. What is beyond understanding is the connection between a Hadeeth and the brothers and sisters of the companions and the repentants. Anyhow, without this Hadeeth cannot be understood and therefore it is prohibited to touch a book of Hadeeth.

6. The knowledge of the intention of the companions and the Tabi'een. In other words, unless someone has the knowledge of the unseen, he can neither read Hadeeth nor understand it.

I don't understand whether Masoomeen (asws) came to give religion to the people or to establish the leadership of a group. People should try and understand what kind of game is being played here.

Book of Jokes

Incidentally this group of scholars are experts in human psychology. They are aware that if the book is monotonous their readers would become bored and so they have stated certain things for their amusement.

On Page 79 they have quoted a Hadeeth: 'We have forgiven Khums for our Shiites'. As the Mujtahids have full knowledge of the brothers, sisters, brother-inlaws etc. f the narrators, they have therefore derived different meanings for this statement. Some say that it is forgive for ever, some say that it is not forgive but it is not necessary for it to reach the Holy Imam (a.s.ws) and so it should be buried in the ground so that when He makes His appearance, then the ground would regurgitate this wealth and it will then have reached Him. You must have found this joke amusing. In the whole book, people have been diverted into remaining ignorant to the extent that on Page 71 they have quoted a Hadeeth of the Holy Imam Ja'far Al Sadiq (a.s.): 'Seventy sins of an ignorant will be forgiven before one of a knowledgeable one'. Then they have quoted another one of the same Page 71: 'The scholars indulge in contemplation whilst the idiots only copy'. Then they have quoted the Holy prophet (s.a.w.); 'Whoever did not spend his life in seeking good knowledge has wasted it'. You have to decide whether one has to seek knowledge or to remain ignorant.

With regard to Friday Prayer they have quoted a Hadeeth on Page 79: 'Friday Prayer cannot be done in the absence of the Imam (atfs)'. They have also quoted the Fatwa of Syed Murtaza 'In the period of the major occultation the praying of the Friday Prayer is unlawful'. Then they have also quoted from other Mujtahids who have taken the word Imam to be a prayer leader rather than the person of the Holy Imam (a.tfs.) and have come to the conclusion that the Friday Prayer is permissible.

On Page 87 they have quoted two Hadeeth:

(1) It is obligatory to pray the Friday Prayer.

(2) It is obligatory to lead the Friday Prayer.

In the eyes of these people Masoomeen (Asws) have made statements with double meanings attached to them so that people would remain confused till the Day of Judgment. This is the end result of being familiar with the brothers, sisters and the brother in laws of the narrators.

On Page 51 they have written that: 'Therefore it is the responsibility of every person to investigate who is better than a Mujtahid on the basis of knowledge. The principles of 'the testimony of two just people' will be a guide in this regard, otherwise a person should have the capabilities of determining this and emulate (do the Taqleed of) a particular Mujtahid'. Each of you can understand quite clearly that it is not possible for a less knowledgeable person to understand a more knowledgeable on whether he be just or otherwise. And so they have quoted the Hadeeth of Moula Ali (asws) ,"'A knowledgeable person understand the ignorant one as he was ignorant before, but an ignorant person can not understand the knowledgeable one as he we never knowledgeable before'. This statement has actually sunk the ship of Ijtihad and Taqleed right here. Since it is not possible for a less knowledgeable person to know the knowledgeable one then how is it possible for him to do his Taqleed. In real life, it is the Mujtahid with the strongest lobby, and whose agents manage to convince the people of his stature, that draws the biggest following, be he the most knowledgeable or not. I have many examples of this in front of me but I don't think it would be appropriate for me to quote them over here.

On Page 64 the write: 'If the Holy Imam (a.tfs.) wanted to appoint representatives then He would have done so as soon as he went into Ghaybat Kubra. It is the view of the group of scholars the He should have left a ten kilometer long list of people to be followed from the start of Ghaybat Kubra up until the time of His appearance'. The point is that whenever a person becomes enemy of Masoomeen (asws.), Allah (s.w.t.) crucifies his intellect.

Book of Issues

This book contains such statements that give rise to questions.

On Page 54 they write: 'The work of a Mujtahid is to find the solutions to all the problems of ordinary people from the Holy Quran and the Sunnah, and not get involved in discussions outside of this'.

The question is that if the limits of the Mujtahids are as defined by them above then why did they jump into politics? Why did they get involved in the formation and the break-ups of governments? Are these matters to do with the future topics of Ijtihad? If they are then why did the Mujtahids of old avoid this? In this very age, why did Agha E Khoie sit in a corner away from all of them?

On Page 40 they have written: 'It is proven from history that the first one to divert people away from Ijtihad and Taqleed was the founder of the Akhbari Sect Mullah Muhammad Amin Astarabadi, who wrote in his book 'Fawaaid Al Madina' the first treatise against Ijtihad and Taqleed in eleventh century Hijra. Over here also a question arises. This was the situation of the people of that time. The people who are against Ijtihad and Taqleed are being accused of receiveing dollars from America and this is being advertised in their sermons and pamphlets. The question is, who was giving dollars to Muhammad Amin Astarabadi in the eleventh century. Did America exist at that time? We can prove that it was the English that created the group of people who wear black and white turbans on their heads. Whoever has read the book, 'Memoirs of Hempher' will testify to this.

Book of Kufr (Disbelief)

This book contains such statements that give rise to disbelief.

One Page 7 they have quoted the Holy Imam Mahdi (atf.s.): 'The Mujtahids that meet all the conditions are my example and are trustees of the prophets (a.s.) and the Imams (a.s.ws)'. These people should drown themselves. For the sake of a few worldly gains they are adamant at selling their hereafter. They are so ignorant that neither do they know the meaning of the word 'example (Misl)' nor are they aware of the meaning of the word 'trustee (Waaris)'. They should first ask their superiors for the correct meanings of these words before slapping themselves in the face.

Neither the origincal Arabic of these 'Hadeeth' have been give nor their references. I hereby challenge anyone to bring me these 'Hadeeth' in Arabic with these very words being used, from even the most torn book, then I will give him a reward of then thousand rupees. If not, then it becomes obligatory upon all the believes to supplicate to Allah to send curses upon the liars. The fear of God has left their hearts and in the protection of a non infallible person prone to errors, they are prepared to do anything. In their very book they have quoted a Hadeeth of the Holy Imam Jafar Sadiq (Asws) on Page 27: 'Whoever is bereft of the fear of Allah cannot be a scholar'.

On Page 24 they have written: 'It is not right to say that that knowledge and Hadeeth should be sought from the Holy imam (a.s.ws) when the trustees of Prophets (a.s.) are present'. Both of the points made in this are against the Hol Quran. I will only believe them when they give me a written falsification of Ziyarat

E Warisa. O group of scholars! What have you to say?'

On Page 71 it is written: 'The Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) has said: "Whoever welcomes a scholar it is as if he has welcomed me; whoever visited a scholar it is a though he has visited me; whoever sits near me it is a though he has sat near me and whoever sits near me it is as though he has sat near Allah '. If the meaning derived from the word 'scholar' is taken to denote the Mujtahids then understand that you have washed you hands off Tawheed. The scholars are those who are Mahzer of Allah whose will is the Will of Allah (and whose intentions are the intentions of Allah . Looking at them is like looking at Allah, the understanding of whom is like understanding Allah , obedience to whom is obedience to Allah , whose words are the words of Allah and whose actions are Allah's actions. This is not a reference to those who have been born from a impure clot and is entrapped in the affairs of this world. Take pity on yourself. You are not going to live in this world forever. Doubts have been raised, for example – Who is a scholar, the meaning of Fiqh, Faqeeh and Tafaqqoh, difference between a Mujtahid and a Narrator of Traditions etc. I have no need to write on these once again. You should refer to the appropriate chapter in my book. I have been very brief in my introduction of their book, otherwise there are many other things to say about this. But I have neither the strength nor desire to deal with all these frivolities. In the end I only want to ask one thing: 'You have not mention the Eid Prayers or the supplication recited therein, anywhere in your entire book. What have you to say about this disbelief that you are committing and getting others to do so as well?' Do you not know that the word 'Khayr' (good) is in reality Masoomeen (asws) themselves? If good were to separate from them even for an instant then it would lose its existence. Then what does it mean by the sentence 'O Allah make us enter into good in the same way as you have made Muhammad (s.a.w.) and His Family (a.sws.) enter'? Have you any instance whereby good was separate from them (a.s.) even for an instant? Do you also not know what is meant by the word 'Suu' (evil)? Evil is evil, be it small or large. In your supplications you used the words 'Kulli Suu' (all evil). Then what is meant by the sentence: 'O Allah remove us from all evil just like you have removed Muhammad (s.a.w.) and His Family (a.s.ws)? Have you any instance in your mind when these pure persons were immersed in all evil even for an instant? Do you not believe in the Verse

Allah only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! and to purify you a (thorough) purifying.(33:33)

O have you exceeded the Jew in the enmity towards the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) and His blessed Family (a.sws.)?

With none but Allah is the direction of my affair

# Other Books available

Kashaful Tauheed

Kashaful Wilayat

Kashaful Ahkam

Kashaful Aqaid

Kashaful Tazaad

Kashaful Moarif

English translations are available through Wilayat Mission on their website http://www.wilayatmission.com

or email for more info:

publications@wilayatmission.com

Urdu copies of all Syed Baqir's books are available for purchase at the following locations:

Alamdar Book Depot and Book sales, Qamar Nagina Center, Imambargah Shuhada e Karbala, Ancholi Federal Area Karachi

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