//Copyright 2003-2010 Christian d'Heureuse, Inventec Informatik AG, Zurich, Switzerland
//www.source-code.biz, www.inventec.ch/chdh
//
//This module is multi-licensed and may be used under the terms
//of any of the following licenses:
//
//EPL, Eclipse Public License, V1.0 or later, http://www.eclipse.org/legal
//LGPL, GNU Lesser General Public License, V2.1 or later, http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html
//GPL, GNU General Public License, V2 or later, http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
//AGPL, GNU Affero General Public License V3 or later, http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.html
//AL, Apache License, V2.0 or later, http://www.apache.org/licenses
//BSD, BSD License, http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
//MIT, MIT License, http://www.opensource.org/licenses/MIT
//
//Please contact the author if you need another license.
//This module is provided "as is", without warranties of any kind.
package com.cloudinary.utils;

/**
 * A Base64 encoder/decoder.
 * <p>
 * <p>
 * This class is used to encode and decode data in Base64 format as described in
 * RFC 1521.
 *
 * @author Christian d'Heureuse, Inventec Informatik AG, Zurich, Switzerland,
 *         www.source-code.biz
 */
public class Base64Coder {

    // The line separator string of the operating system.
    private static final String systemLineSeparator = System
            .getProperty("line.separator");

    // Mapping table from 6-bit nibbles to Base64 characters.
    private static final char[] map1 = new char[64];

    static {
        int i = 0;
        for (char c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; c++)
            map1[i++] = c;
        for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++)
            map1[i++] = c;
        for (char c = '0'; c <= '9'; c++)
            map1[i++] = c;
        map1[i++] = '+';
        map1[i++] = '/';
    }

    // Mapping table from Base64 characters to 6-bit nibbles.
    private static final byte[] map2 = new byte[128];

    static {
        for (int i = 0; i < map2.length; i++)
            map2[i] = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
            map2[map1[i]] = (byte) i;
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a string into Base64 format. No blanks or line breaks are
     * inserted.
     *
     * @param s A String to be encoded.
     * @return A String containing the Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static String encodeString(String s) {
        return new String(encode(s.getBytes()));
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a byte array into Base 64 format and breaks the output into lines
     * of 76 characters. This method is compatible with
     * {@code sun.misc.BASE64Encoder.encodeBuffer(byte[])}.
     *
     * @param in An array containing the data bytes to be encoded.
     * @return A String containing the Base64 encoded data, broken into lines.
     */
    public static String encodeLines(byte[] in) {
        return encodeLines(in, 0, in.length, 76, systemLineSeparator);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a byte array into Base 64 format and breaks the output into
     * lines.
     *
     * @param in            An array containing the data bytes to be encoded.
     * @param iOff          Offset of the first byte in {@code in} to be processed.
     * @param iLen          Number of bytes to be processed in {@code in}, starting
     *                      at {@code iOff}.
     * @param lineLen       Line length for the output data. Should be a multiple of 4.
     * @param lineSeparator The line separator to be used to separate the output lines.
     * @return A String containing the Base64 encoded data, broken into lines.
     */
    public static String encodeLines(
            byte[] in, int iOff, int iLen,
            int lineLen, String lineSeparator) {
        int blockLen = (lineLen * 3) / 4;
        if (blockLen <= 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        int lines = (iLen + blockLen - 1) / blockLen;
        int bufLen = ((iLen + 2) / 3) * 4 + lines * lineSeparator.length();
        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(bufLen);
        int ip = 0;
        while (ip < iLen) {
            int l = Math.min(iLen - ip, blockLen);
            buf.append(encode(in, iOff + ip, l));
            buf.append(lineSeparator);
            ip += l;
        }
        return buf.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a byte array into Base64 format. No blanks or line breaks are
     * inserted in the output.
     *
     * @param in An array containing the data bytes to be encoded.
     * @return A character array containing the Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static char[] encode(byte[] in) {
        return encode(in, 0, in.length);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a byte array into Base64 format. No blanks or line breaks are
     * inserted in the output.
     *
     * @param in   An array containing the data bytes to be encoded.
     * @param iLen Number of bytes to process in {@code in}.
     * @return A character array containing the Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static char[] encode(byte[] in, int iLen) {
        return encode(in, 0, iLen);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a byte array into Base64 format. No blanks or line breaks are
     * inserted in the output.
     *
     * @param in   An array containing the data bytes to be encoded.
     * @param iOff Offset of the first byte in {@code in} to be processed.
     * @param iLen Number of bytes to process in {@code in}, starting at
     *             {@code iOff}.
     * @return A character array containing the Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static char[] encode(byte[] in, int iOff, int iLen) {
        int oDataLen = (iLen * 4 + 2) / 3; // output length without padding
        int oLen = ((iLen + 2) / 3) * 4; // output length including padding
        char[] out = new char[oLen];
        int ip = iOff;
        int iEnd = iOff + iLen;
        int op = 0;
        while (ip < iEnd) {
            int i0 = in[ip++] & 0xff;
            int i1 = ip < iEnd ? in[ip++] & 0xff : 0;
            int i2 = ip < iEnd ? in[ip++] & 0xff : 0;
            int o0 = i0 >>> 2;
            int o1 = ((i0 & 3) << 4) | (i1 >>> 4);
            int o2 = ((i1 & 0xf) << 2) | (i2 >>> 6);
            int o3 = i2 & 0x3F;
            out[op++] = map1[o0];
            out[op++] = map1[o1];
            out[op] = op < oDataLen ? map1[o2] : '=';
            op++;
            out[op] = op < oDataLen ? map1[o3] : '=';
            op++;
        }
        return out;
    }

    /**
     * Decodes a string from Base64 format. No blanks or line breaks are allowed
     * within the Base64 encoded input data.
     *
     * @param s A Base64 String to be decoded.
     * @return A String containing the decoded data.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the input is not valid Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static String decodeString(String s) {
        return new String(decode(s));
    }

    /**
     * Decodes a byte array from Base64 format and ignores line separators, tabs
     * and blanks. CR, LF, Tab and Space characters are ignored in the input
     * data. This method is compatible with
     * {@code sun.misc.BASE64Decoder.decodeBuffer(String)}.
     *
     * @param s A Base64 String to be decoded.
     * @return An array containing the decoded data bytes.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the input is not valid Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static byte[] decodeLines(String s) {
        char[] buf = new char[s.length()];
        int p = 0;
        for (int ip = 0; ip < s.length(); ip++) {
            char c = s.charAt(ip);
            if (c != ' ' && c != '\r' && c != '\n' && c != '\t')
                buf[p++] = c;
        }
        return decode(buf, 0, p);
    }

    /**
     * Decodes a byte array from Base64 format. No blanks or line breaks are
     * allowed within the Base64 encoded input data.
     *
     * @param s A Base64 String to be decoded.
     * @return An array containing the decoded data bytes.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the input is not valid Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static byte[] decode(String s) {
        return decode(s.toCharArray());
    }

    /**
     * Decodes a byte array from Base64 format. No blanks or line breaks are
     * allowed within the Base64 encoded input data.
     *
     * @param in A character array containing the Base64 encoded data.
     * @return An array containing the decoded data bytes.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the input is not valid Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static byte[] decode(char[] in) {
        return decode(in, 0, in.length);
    }

    /**
     * Decodes a byte array from Base64 format. No blanks or line breaks are
     * allowed within the Base64 encoded input data.
     *
     * @param in   A character array containing the Base64 encoded data.
     * @param iOff Offset of the first character in {@code in} to be
     *             processed.
     * @param iLen Number of characters to process in {@code in}, starting
     *             at {@code iOff}.
     * @return An array containing the decoded data bytes.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the input is not valid Base64 encoded data.
     */
    public static byte[] decode(char[] in, int iOff, int iLen) {
        if (iLen % 4 != 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Length of Base64 encoded input string is not a multiple of 4.");
        while (iLen > 0 && in[iOff + iLen - 1] == '=')
            iLen--;
        int oLen = (iLen * 3) / 4;
        byte[] out = new byte[oLen];
        int ip = iOff;
        int iEnd = iOff + iLen;
        int op = 0;
        while (ip < iEnd) {
            int i0 = in[ip++];
            int i1 = in[ip++];
            int i2 = ip < iEnd ? in[ip++] : 'A';
            int i3 = ip < iEnd ? in[ip++] : 'A';
            if (i0 > 127 || i1 > 127 || i2 > 127 || i3 > 127)
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Illegal character in Base64 encoded data.");
            int b0 = map2[i0];
            int b1 = map2[i1];
            int b2 = map2[i2];
            int b3 = map2[i3];
            if (b0 < 0 || b1 < 0 || b2 < 0 || b3 < 0)
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Illegal character in Base64 encoded data.");
            int o0 = (b0 << 2) | (b1 >>> 4);
            int o1 = ((b1 & 0xf) << 4) | (b2 >>> 2);
            int o2 = ((b2 & 3) << 6) | b3;
            out[op++] = (byte) o0;
            if (op < oLen)
                out[op++] = (byte) o1;
            if (op < oLen)
                out[op++] = (byte) o2;
        }
        return out;
    }

    // Dummy constructor.
    private Base64Coder() {
    }

    public static String encodeURLSafeString(String s) {
        return encodeURLSafeString(s.getBytes());
    }

    public static String encodeURLSafeString(byte[] digest) {
        char[] encode = encode(digest);
        for (int i = 0; i < encode.length; i++) {
            if (encode[i] == '+') {
                encode[i] = '-';
            } else if (encode[i] == '/') {
                encode[i] = '_';
            }
        }
        return new String(encode);
    }

} // end class Base64Coder