John Stith Pemberton, a Confederate Lieutenant Colonel, served in the defense of Columbia, Georgia, during the Battle of Columbus in April 1865, where he sustained a saber wound to the chest. During his recovery from the wound, he became addicted to morphine, which he used to dull the pain. Seeking a cure from his addiction, Pemberton, in 1866 began to experiment with making painkillers that were opium-free alternatives to morphine. Eventually he began experimenting with coca and coca wines, creating a recipe he dubbed Pemberton’s French Wine Coca. The medicine was sold and advertised in Atlanta to war veterans suffering drug addiction, depression, and alcoholism, and to “ladies, and all those whose sedentary employment causes nervous prostration.” In 1886, when Atlanta enacted temperance legislation, Pemberton produced a non-alcoholic alternative to his French Wine Coca, which included blending the base syrup with carbonated water. He decided then to sell it as a fountain drink rather than a medicine. Frank Robinson, who served as bookkeeper and partner to Pemberton, gave the syrup formula the name Coca-Cola, where Coca came from the coca leaves used and Cola for the kola nuts.