Officers passed a vote of no confidence in Jacqui Smith
Officers are furious at Home Secretary Jacqui Smith's decision not to backdate a 2.5% pay rise for police in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Ms Smith has said she does not believe most officers want the right to strike.
But at a meeting, Police Federation members passed a vote of no confidence in Ms Smith and demanded she resign.
Independent tribunal
Chairwoman Jan Berry said: "I don't remember such a call by the Police Federation being made previously but I also don't remember a home secretary who has betrayed the police service in the way that this home secretary has."
The 2.5% pay deal was decided through the independent Police Arbitration Tribunal.
It will see all police constables paid a minimum of £21,500, with those with the longest service receiving £33,800.
But officers say if it is introduced this month and not backdated to September, an entry level police constable will lose £131, and a sergeant will lose £206.
In Scotland, the pay rise has been backdated but Scottish officers have come out in support of colleagues in the rest of the UK.
Rank-and-file police vent anger at what they see as government "betrayal"
In pictures
They will also be balloted on seeking the right to go on strike - police officers across the UK are currently banned from taking strike action.
Scottish Police Federation chairman Norrie Flowers said the Scottish Executive had honoured its agreement to backdate the pay deal and that Ms Smith "should do the same".
Critics say that without backdating, it amounts in real terms - due to inflation - to an increase of only 1.9%.
'Vital work'
The retail prices index, on which many pay deals are based, puts the current level of inflation at 4.2%.
But Gordon Brown told MPs that police pay had risen by 39% over the last 10 years and that Scotland had only been able to backdate its pay rise by putting plans to recruit 500 new officers on hold.
POLICE PAY ROW Earnings lost if 2.5% rise not backdated to September 2007 Rank Salary Loss PC (entry level) £21,009 £131 PC (after training) £24,813 £155 Sergeant £32,985 £206 Inspector £42,264 £264
A Home Office statement said that the government was "grateful for the vital and hard work which police officers carry out every day".
But it said it had to ensure that pay settlements were "affordable and consistent with wider pay policy".
Some 78 MPs have signed a motion tabled by the home affairs select committee chair, Keith Vaz, urging a rethink on the issue.
Officers from each of the 43 forces in England and Wales attended Wednesday's crisis summit in London.
They were joined by representatives from all the police staff associations, including the Police Superintendents' Association and the Association of Chief Police Officers.
PUBLIC SECTOR PAY Police constables currently start on £21,009 Teachers' starting salary is £19,161 in England and Wales. In Scotland it is £23,316 New prison officers earn £18,483 in England and Wales. In Scotland they receive £14,373 Lower grade civil servants, such as administration assistants, begin on between £11,750 and £14,083 depending on department Firefighters start on £20,396, rising to £27,185 after reaching "competent" status Source: Unison 2006 figures, Fire Brigades Union
Public sector pay comparisons
The BBC's Julian Joyce said the decision to call on the home secretary to resign appeared to be popular among the rank and file.
Neil Cratchley, general secretary of the Police Federation's largest branch - the Metropolitan Police, said: "This is a process that has gone on for seven months and it's now crystal clear that she never had any intention of honouring the agreement.
"We are dealing here with matters of trust and the home secretary has breached that trust."
PC Mike Taylor from Nottinghamshire said the dispute was "not about the money at all".
He said: "The money we're talking about is probably about £200 to £400 between the ranks, and that's nothing at all really.
"The real problem with this is the way the Home Office have handled the negotiations from start to finish."
Police on foot patrol
Police officers and officials at an emergency meeting have voted to ballot every United Kingdom police officer over the right to strike. They also called for the home secretary, Jacqui Smith, to resign over the current dispute and further passed a vote of no confidence in the home secretary's ability to deal with pay and conditions.

Under current UK law, it is illegal for police officers to stage walk outs as part of protests or disputes, however some members of the force want to strike over the pay package dispute and thus are lobbying for the right to strike to be allowed once again. This has also been supported by a petition, started by Keith Vaz, chair of the home affairs select committee, which has been signed by 78 MPs.

This comes after the decision by the UK government not to backdate a 2.5% pay rise to September 2007, leading to a loss of income, from £130 - £264. However the government says that this is necessary to control inflation in the UK.