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+{"content": "Please WAIT, the picture is loading...The field on the left side of this description should be all white. If you can read a message, the browser rendered this PNG wrongly.\nThis should be a white label with blue confirmation text. If you see an all-blue, greenish or some other field, it's again an error of your browser.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9815717339515686}
+{"content": "Consciousness cannot have evolved – Bernardo Kastrup\n\nThis is a beautiful article by Bernardo Kastrup, a computer engineer, and philosopher. The link to the original article at IAI is here.\n\nThe overwhelmingly validated theory of evolution tells us that the functions performed by our organs arose from associated increases in survival fitness. For instance, the bile produced by our liver and the insulin produced by our pancreas help us absorb nutrients and thus survive. Insofar as it is produced by the brain, our phenomenal consciousness—i.e. our ability to subjectively experience the world and ourselves—is no exception: it, too, must give us some survival advantage, otherwise natural selection wouldn’t have fixed it in our genome. In other words, our sentience—to the extent that it is produced by the brain—must perform a beneficial function, otherwise, we would be unconscious zombies.\n\nOne problem with this is that, under the premises of materialism, phenomenal consciousness cannot—by definition—have a function. According to materialism, all entities are defined and exhaustively characterized in purely quantitative terms. For instance, elementary subatomic particles are exhaustively characterized in terms of e.g. mass, charge and spin values. Similarly, the behavior of abstract fields is fully defined in terms of quantities, such as frequencies and amplitudes of oscillation. Particles and fields, in and of themselves, have quantitative properties but no intrinsic qualities, such as colour or flavour. Only our perceptions of them—or so the materialist argument goes—are accompanied by qualities somehow generated by our brain.\n\nMaterialism posits that the quantities that characterize physical entities are what allow them to be causally efficacious; that is, to produce effects. For instance, it is the charge values of protons and electrons that produce the effect of their mutual attraction. In nuclear fission reactors, it is the mass value of neutrons that produces the effect of splitting atoms. And so on. All chains of cause and effect in nature must be describable purely in terms of quantities. Whatever isn’t a quantity cannot be part of our physical models and therefore—insofar as such models are presumed to be causally-closed—cannot produce effects. According to materialism, all functions rest on quantities.\n\nOur phenomenal consciousness is eminently qualitative, not quantitative. There is something it feels like to see the colour red, which is not captured by merely noting the frequency of red light.\n\nHowever, our phenomenal consciousness is eminently qualitative, not quantitative. There is something it feels like to see the colour red, which is not captured by merely noting the frequency of red light. If we were to tell Helen Keller that red is an oscillation of approximately 4.3*1014 cycles per second, she would still not know what it feels like to see red. Analogously, what it feels like to listen to a Vivaldi sonata cannot be conveyed to a person born deaf, even if we show to the person the sonata’s complete power spectrum. Experiences are felt qualities—which philosophers and neuroscientists call ‘qualia’—not fully describable by abstract quantities.\n\nBut as discussed above, qualities have no function under materialism, for quantitatively-defined physical models are supposed to be causally-closed; that is, sufficient to explain every natural phenomenon. As such, it must make no difference to the survival fitness of an organism whether the data processing taking place in its brain is accompanied by experience or not: whatever the case, the processing will produce the same effects; the organism will behave in exactly the same way and stand exactly the same chance to survive and reproduce. Qualia are, at best, superfluous extras.\n\nTherefore, under materialist premises, phenomenal consciousness cannot have been favoured by natural selection. Indeed, it shouldn’t exist at all; we should all be unconscious zombies, going about our business in exactly the same way we actually do, but without an accompanying inner life. If evolution is true—which we have every reason to believe is the case—our very sentience contradicts materialism.\n\nThis conclusion is often overlooked by materialists, who regularly try to attribute functions to phenomenal consciousness. Here are three illustrative examples:\n\n(1) consciousness enables attention.\n\n(2) consciousness discriminates episodic memory (past) from live perceptions (present) by making them feel different.\n\n(3) consciousness motivates behaviour conducive to survival.\n\nComputer scientists know that none of this requires experience, for we routinely implement all three functions in presumably unconscious silicon computers.\n\nRegarding point 1, under materialism attention is simply a mechanism for focusing an organism’s limited cognitive resources on priority tasks. Computer operating systems do this all the time—using techniques such as interrupts, queuing, task scheduling, etc.—in a purely algorithmic, quantitatively-defined manner.\n\nRegarding point 2, there are countless ways to discriminate data streams without need for accompanying experience. Does your home computer have trouble separating the photos of last year’s holidays from the live feed of your webcam? Data streams from memory and real-time processes can simply be tagged or routed in different ways, without qualia.\n\nFinally regarding point 3, within the logic of materialism motivation is simply a calculation – the output of a quantitative algorithm tasked with maximising the gain while minimising the risk of an organism’s actions. Computers are ‘motivated’ to do whatever it is they do—otherwise they wouldn’t do it—without accompanying qualia.\n\nThe impossibility of attributing functional, causative efficacy to qualia constitutes a fundamental internal contradiction in the mainstream materialist worldview.\n\nJust as these three examples illustrate, all conceivable cognitive functions can, under materialist premises, be performed without accompanying experience. Nonetheless, we regularly see scientific publications proposing a function for consciousness. A recent Oxford University Press blog post, for instance, claims that ‘the function of consciousness is to generate possibly counterfactual representations of an event or a situation’, which ‘hint at the origins of consciousness in the course of evolution’.\n\nIf one reads it attentively, however, one realises that the article defines what is meant by ‘function of consciousness’ in a rather counterintuitive manner that contradicts the way any casual reader would interpret the words:\n\n ‘When we consider functions of consciousness, they are the functions that are enabled by stimuli that enter consciousness or the functions that can be performed only in awake humans or animals. Functions in this sense should not be confused with the question of what kind of effects conscious experiences (or qualia) exert on physical systems.’\n\n In other words, what the author calls the ‘functions of consciousness’ aren’t the cognitive tasks performed by consciousness, but simply those visible to consciousness—i.e. reportable through conscious introspection. Why call these tasks the ‘functions of consciousness’ if they aren’t what consciousness does, but merely what it sees? According to this argument, phenomenal consciousness expressly isn’t the causative agency behind these tasks—for the article excludes the causal efficacy of qualia from the definition—but merely their audience. As such, this theory is somewhat beside the point, as far as the survival value of having qualia or the evolutionary origins of phenomenal consciousness proper.\n\nThe impossibility of attributing functional, causative efficacy to qualia constitutes a fundamental internal contradiction in the mainstream materialist worldview. There are two main reasons why this contradiction has been accepted thus far: first, there seems to be a surprising lack of understanding, even amongst materialists, of what materialism actually entails and implies. Second, deceptive word games—such as that discussed above—seem to perpetuate the illusion that we have plausible hypotheses for the ostensive survival function of consciousness.\n\nPhenomenal consciousness cannot have evolved. It can only have been there from the beginning as an intrinsic, irreducible fact of nature. The faster we come to terms with this fact, the faster our understanding of consciousness will progress and we will solve the hard problem of consciousness.\n\nAlso Read: You are conscious but so is your coffee mug!\n\nThank You.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9938022494316101}
+{"content": "Women in Costa Rican Myths and Legends\n\nFrom the indigenous cultures to the Spanish settlers\n\nCostaRica.Org Explore Vacation Options Instituto Costarricense de Turismo\n\nContributed by Mieke Leenders\n\nFrom foundational tales that validate our existence to terrifying urban legends that give credit to our deepest fears – our traditions define us. For the indigenous cultures of Costa Rica as well as the whole of Latin America, myths and legends were strongly tied to nature and wildlife. When the time came to give thanks for a blessed harvest or rationalize erratic weather, storytelling became the backbone of society. One of the most crucial protagonists in these legends, was the woman in her most elemental form.\n\nThe arrival of the Spanish settlers created new society that told its own stories. Less concerned about explaining the origin of the world which was Catholic by default, the legends turned to defining our darker inclinations as well as our fears. A woman’s place in these tales is varied but still fundamental. She can be a vessel of knowledge unique to her gender, or she can be the cause of insanity and terror for those who are either misguided or unlucky enough to encounter her.\n\n\nThe woman in indigenous myths and legends: Power, fertility and creation\n\n\nThe earth is a woman\n\n\nIn most cultures, women have a crucial role to play in the creation mythologies. Biologically as well as traditionally, women signify fertility and life, birth and destruction. One of the most elemental representations of the woman is that of Mother Earth – or Pachamama in the Inca mythology. The Pachamama is a fertility goddess who presides over the harvest, embodies the earth and mountains themselves and causes earthquakes. Indigenous tribes populating the Andean regions stretching through Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and northern Argentina, still sacrifice to the Pachamama and credit her with immense power to this day.\n\nDrake Bay TapirThe indigenous people of Costa Rica have their own version of the Pachamama. One of the most notable tribes that still populates Costa Rica’s Talamanca mountain ranges, is the BriBri. Next to having a matrilineal clan system, the BriBri mythology is also strongly defined by the legend of La Niña Tierra (the Girl Earth) – or Iriria in BriBri.\n\nIriria was the daughter of the Tapir (Namaitmi) who was the sister of Sibu – creator of the earth and its people. The earth was a barren rock that couldn’t accommodate any form of life. When a vampire bat bit Iriria and lush bushes and vines began to grow from the bat’s excrement, Sibu realized the young Iriria’s blood held the key to life. He sacrificed his niece and her blood fertilized the earth. Because of the central role the Tapir played in the creation myth, tapirs carry significant value in the BriBri culture and are revered along with Iriria, La Niña Tierra.\n\n\nCosta Rican Volcanoes: Natural wonders shaped by love and tragedy\n\n\nVolcanoes are formed when the magma within earth’s upper mantle forces its way to the surface. True story, but kind of boring. It comes as no surprise that before the existence of a scientific explanation, these fascinating and destructive forces of nature inspired beautiful stories. According to the legends, Costa Rica’s volcanoes were formed by love, tragedy and sacrifice.\n\nTurrialba Volcano Legends\n\n\nIrazu Volcano Women Legends\n\n\nrincon de la vieja women legends\n\nRincon de la Vieja\n\nTurrialba Volcano: The guardian of lovers and unifier of tribes\n\n\nThere is no story as enticing as one of a forbidden love. The origin of the Turrialba volcano is tied to the story of Cira, a girl who fell in love with a warrior from a different tribe. One day when she traveled into the woods to meet her lover, her suspecting father and village chief followed her. Upon discovering the young couple, Cira’s father flew into a rage called for his archers to kill them. At this moment, the forest came alive and created a huge crater hiding the young lovers – marking the spot where they stood with smoke.\n\nIrazu Volcano: A woman’s spirit\n\n\nAccording to the legend, Irazu was the favorite daughter of a local leader by the name of Aquitaba. Guarco, the chief of a neighboring tribe, wanted to gain control of the entire Central Valley an called out for war. Not feeling confident his tribe would be victorious, Aquitaba took Irazu to the highest peak and offered her in sacrifice to the Gods in exchange for their favor in battle. As Guarco’s forces closed in, Aquitaba called upon his daughter’s spirit to guide their people to victory. Only moments later the mountain where Irazu had died exploded and fire and ash rained down on Guarco’s army.\n\nRincon de la Vieja – The old woman’s corner\n\n\nRincon de la Vieja doesn’t have an origin story for the volcano itself, but rather one for its name. There is actually more than one legend that explains why this volcano is referred to as old woman’s corner, but the most notable one repeats the theme of a doomed love that forced an indigenous Curubandá princess into eternal solitude.\n\nThe Curubandá princess had fallen in love with Mixcoac, the prince of an enemy tribe. When her father heard about the forbidden love, he threw Prince Mixcoac into Rincon de la Vieja’s crater. The princess withdrew from the village and when she gave birth to a baby, she threw her newborn son into the volcano with the desire to unite him with his father. Her grief took her to the most remote edge of the volcano. In the following years, she collected volcanic materials which she used to create medicine. Members of the surrounding tribes would visit her, stating they would travel to the old woman’s corner to obtain her miraculous medicine.\n\nThe woman has transformative powers\n\n\nLa Mona\n\nCapuchin LegendsThe Chorotega, the indigenous people that once populated large parts of Costa Rica, Guatamala, El Salvador and Nicaragua, created the legend of La Mona or La Mona Bruja (the witch monkey). This legend actually finds its roots in the Nahaul – a Mesoamerican myth that details the existence humans who can transform themselves into animals. When observing the behavior of certain animals, the indigenous tribes of Central America suspected some of them were more than they seemed. Monkeys in particular can be cruel, violent and have an echoing, shrieking laughter that goes with it. These traits combined with their distinct human-like behavior, gave birth to the legend of the witch who can transform herself into a monkey.\n\nThe legend speaks of women who have been abandoned by their men and are looking for ways to channel their anger. They would visit a chilamate tree at midnight and pick the flower that grew from it. After speaking the incantation, they would transform into a monkey that will viciously attack wandering men and could even drive them insane with the mere touch of their hand. \n\nDifferent regions of the country will have different versions of this legend. Sometimes women can turn into a tapir or even a pig, like in the story mentioned below. Even though the legend originated from the Chorotega traditions, it is still given immense credit to this day, especially in the more rural areas of Costa Rica. The indigenous legend merged with the morality the Spanish settlers wanted to communicate in their stories and created an even darker canon.\n\n\nThe woman after the arrival of the Spanish: A blessing and a curse\n\nEscazu – City of Witches\n\nEscazu Women LegendsThe Curubandá Princess isn’t the only famous witch in Costa Rica. Now one of the most upscale neighborhoods of San Jose, Escazu is also known as The City of Witches. Its emblem features a witch with a pointy hat flying her broom. By the 1600’s, Escazu was well known for its witches. Less so for the warted, cackling crone, but more so for the nurses and midwives that provided the locals with cures containing herbs, roots and animal parts. As their influence grew, so did their legend – soon they were attributed with possessing magical powers that could protect people from evil and even cure infertility and find partners for those who are lonely.\n\nInterestingly, Costa Rica never participated in the witch trials and burnings that had spread across large parts of Europe by the 15th and 16th century. However, by the 1800s these witches were observed with a more critical eye due to the rise of the modern medical profession. The year of 1821 marked the Costa Rican Independence as well as a law that prohibits the witches’ practices that were now seen as fraudulent. The law doesn’t state any violent measures against these women, but does mention the use of certain repercussions such as restraining orders.\n\nMaria La Negra\n\nThe Witches of Escazu gave birth to a terrifying legend known as Maria La Negra. Maria was a black woman who lived in Escazu and was known as one of the last, renowned witches in the area. Locals feared Maria because they suspected she possessed the power to transform herself into a giant, black pig. When her grandfather discovered her in a deep trance performing rituals behind her house, she warned him not to tell anybody about what he had seen. After learning that her grandfather has shared her secret with the neighbors, Maria felt vindictive. She cast a spell that caused the death of one of his favorite grandchildren and continuously harassed him in the form of the ghostly and monstrous black pig. The legend of Maria La Negra is one of many tales that credit women with transformative powers – usually choosing to do so after being disappointed in life.\n\nThe woman means danger\n\nSegua Legend\n\nWhile the majority of legends mentioned so far credit women with a relatively complex nature, others have a more one-sided intent. The knowledge, wisdom and power that shape the women in these stories, have always carried a level of danger within it. Legends like La Mona and Maria La Negra are solid examples of that. Some of the later legends like to focus on this dark side and tell a horrifying story as well as a morality tale. In these legends a woman’s knowledge is dangerous, her beauty is deceiving, and her power is terrifying.\n\nLa Segua\n\nOne such morality tale tells the story of the Segua, a cursed woman from Cartago who seeks to entrap wandering men. Once a beautiful girl, she fell in love with a Spanish officer who would trick her into sexual misconduct to then leave the city to never be heard from again. Driven insane by his disappearance and her own disgrace, she turned into a hideous monster locals refer to as La Segua. She is said to return to her beautiful self and wait by desolate roads for unsuspecting men. After they are lured in by her beauty and offer her a lift, they come face to face with a monster with the skull of a horse and burning red eyes.\n\nThe morality speaks to men and women both. It warns men about the dangers of beautiful and lonely women who can tempt them away from their families. For the women, it teaches that falling for the tricks of men can have terrible consequences.\n\nLa Llorona\n\nLa Llorona is a legend that is widely told in Costa Rica as well as the rest of Latin America. It tells the story of a beautiful young woman named Maria who lived in a rural community. When a wealthy nobleman was traveling through her village and noticed her, they were instantly drawn to each other’s charms. The nobleman proposed and Maria happily accepted. While Maria’s parents were ecstatic she was marrying into such a rich family, the nobleman’s father was very disappointed that his son was marrying into poverty. In order to escape his disapproving father, the couple built a house in the village and settled there.\n\nAfter some years, Maria gave birth to two sons and was losing her youthful charm. Her husband was spending less and less time at home and when he did, he only had eye for his sons. When he showed up with a younger woman and said goodbye to his sons completely ignoring his wife, Maria fell into a fit of anger and took her children down into the river and drowned them. After returning to some level of calm, grief and regret instantly befell her and she frantically started to look for her boys. Some days later she was found dead by the river bank.\n\nIt is said that Maria was denied entrance into heaven until she found her children. She is doomed to wander the rivers for eternity, crying and looking for her sons.\n\nLa Llorona is a story mothers used to tell their children to prevent them from being outside too later. They would tell them that Maria, in a haze of grief and confusion, catches wandering children and drowns them in the river.\n\nLa Tulevieja\n\nLa Tulevieja is a legend that originated in Costa Rica and Panama. The story is a bit more layered and combines the legends of La Segua and La Llorona. The Tulevieja is a hybrid of a woman and a hawk similar to a Harpy. Like the Llorona, she is said to wander the earth looking for her lost child. She responds to the cries of newborns and will feed any baby she might find from her breasts that are always lactating. But like the Segua, she seeks to punish lustful men. When a man is attracted to her charm and round breasts, they will meet a terrible end being shredded by the Tulevieja’s hawk-like claws.\n\n\nFrom creation myths to witches and morality tales, Costa Rican legends paint a varied picture of the woman and what she represents in a metaphorical sense. While the indigenous tribes value the woman as a natural force that gives life, heals but on occasion also destroys, the Spanish settlers are raised in a Catholic mindset – although not one that encouraged the level of violence it did in other parts of the world. For them, the woman that features in their legends is one that represents the worst sides of human nature. They seek to educate through fear by telling stories of people who come to an ugly end after being morally compromised. Legends and myths shed a rather unique light on a culture. They tell us what they value, what they fear, and what they believe is the essence of our existence.\n\n\n© Copyright 2004-2021 all rights reserved. My Costa Rica (CostaRica.Org) is a Travel Agency that offers Custom Costa Rica Vacations & Packages Including Hotels, All-Inclusive Resorts and Tours.\nRead our Privacy Policy - Sitemap.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9557281732559204}
+{"content": "No announcement yet.\n\nplates to bottom of beams\n\n  • Filter\n  • Time\n  • Show\nClear All\nnew posts\n\n  • plates to bottom of beams\n\n    Currently there is a trend for large openings in extensions in the UK\n\n    This poses the problem of the lintel as the longest catnic/IG lintel made is 4800mm so less bearings becomes about 4400mm clear span\n\n    Catnic do a cavity lintel CXL which is effectively a 203 x 133 UB with a plate welded on the bottom however these are special order and costly\n\n    Fabricators want to recreate these lintels by using a UB or UKPFC and welding a plate to the bottom to take the outer leaf\n\n    Generally these would be in single storey extensions so the inner leaf load is probably a flat roof and maybe a course of bricks and then an outer leaf taken on the plate of say 300mm high\n\n    The question is how to design the plate\n\n    The load on the plate would be light something like 2.7 X 0.3 = 0.81 kN/m\n\n    Considering a cantilever off the beam flange to the centre line of the load the moment becomes 0.81 x 0.15 = 0.12 kN.m per metre length of beam\n\n    Z required would be 0.12 x 10^6 / 165 say 727 N/mm^3\n\n    To calculate the Z bd^2/6 the d would be the plate thickness but what would be the b used in the design\n\n    For a beam spanning between 2 supports the moment is at a specific point and the section properties are known however in this case the load is spread along a nominal 1.0m for plate so the same principle could not apply as the situation would be 1m or load on the plate meaning you could not really use the plate length of 200mm from the face of the beam to the outside of the outer leaf\n\n    Neither could you use the 1000mm long length the load is spread over\n\n    The same principle applies to calculating the deflection of the plate\n\n    given deflection of cantilever is WL^3 / 8EI where I is bd^3/12 the deflection is on the plate under the load so the b becomes say 200mm and the d is the plate thickness but the load is over 1.0m of plate not just at the point at which the check occurs so is not really correct\n\n    So the question is what b is used to calculate the section properties of the plate ??", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9762752056121826}
+{"content": "Image of a doctor showing patient x-ray representing medical malpractice.\n\nMedical Device vs. Medical Malpractice Claims\n\nFor people who have been injured during a surgical procedure, it may be a daunting task to figure out what entity or entities to sue in order to receive compensation. Was the complication caused by human negligence or was it the fault of a medical device manufacturer? Should both the surgeon and medical device maker be sued? \n\nThe best course of action for those harmed by a medical procedure is to seek legal representation with extensive experience in handling defective medical devices or medical negligence claims. \n\nIn medical malpractice claims, individuals such as surgeons, doctors or other medical professionals are the target. Medical device defect claims, on the other hand, are by and large directed at manufacturers of the devices. \n\nHowever, medical device lawsuits don’t always end with makers of the defective products. Hospitals may also be named as a defendant in a suit. If appropriate, a medical device lawsuit may also include a claim that a device was improperly implanted by the medical staff. \n\nDeciding which defendants to name in a lawsuit is challenging and requires a skillful product liability attorney.\n\nWas the standard of care received by the patient reasonable? Or did substandard care result in the injury? If the standard of care is deemed adequate, then the appropriate course of action would be to file suit against the product manufacturer.  \n\nA skilled product liability attorney will decide whether the injury was caused by a manufacturing defect—the most common cause of a medical device lawsuit—or failure-to-warn advertising claims, or in rarer cases, a design defect. \n\nWhere To Find the Best Product Liability Attorney\n\nIf you’ve been injured by a faulty medical device or because of medical negligence, the best resource to find highly-skilled legal representation in your area is Attorney at Law.\n\nAt AAL, our nationwide network of attorneys and law firms can match you with a local attorney who has the experience and resources necessary to pursue your case to its fullest extent. \n\nOur partners focus on the client experience and treat your case with the urgency it needs. Additionally, our partners work on contingency for all personal injury cases. That means if you don’t win, you don’t pay.\n\nDon’t wait. Contact AAL today for a free, no-obligation consultation and begin your journey to better health.\n\nShare This\n\nCopy Link to Clipboard", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8225464224815369}
+{"content": "g , CRP [22, 23] On the other hand, MPO and its oxidative produc\n\ng., CRP [22, 23]. On the other hand, MPO and its oxidative products can display a diversity of pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic activities including activation of proMMPs, inactivation of TIMP and regulation of polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) recruitment [11]. MPO has emerged as a powerful predictor for adverse outcome in patients with acute CAD [24–26]. Interestingly, Kubala et al. [27] showed that the plasma levels of MPO were not elevated in patients with Staurosporine order stable CAD, supporting the previous findings that the activation and recruitment\n\nof PMN was reduced in stable CAD [28]. These studies indicate that the systemic release of MPO was not characteristic to asymptomatic CAD. In this regard, we took the advantage in evaluating the systemic levels of MPO and MMPs, and their regulators in symptomatic arterial disease having a diversity https://www.selleckchem.com/products/abc294640.html of clinical presentations. Thus, our data suggest that the elevated systemic levels of MMP-8 and the decreased\n\nsystemic levels of MPO are the primary events in our patient material. When further examining the results in the ROC-analyses of the logistic model, we could demonstrate a cumulative association of the advancing age, male gender, elevated levels of MMP-8 and decreased levels of MPO in the arterial disease with surprisingly high AUC of 97%. It has been shown that the balance between MMPs and TIMPs, namely their molar ratio has an important role in the inflammation [29]. MMP-8/TIMP-1 was significantly increased in patients with arterial disease. However, contradictory results whether the TIMP-1 associates\n\nwith risk or not have been published [30, 31]. TIMP-1 can damage the vascular wall probably by stimulating smooth muscle cell proliferation and by promoting inflammation [32, 33]. These conditions probably explain why TIMP-1 appeared in our patient material with a borderline significant result in the univariate analyses, and neither as a protective nor as a risk marker for arterial disease in the multiple logistic regression analyses. Despite the disproportional distribution between MMP-8 and MPO in predicting the arterial disease, we further observed triclocarban that HNE correlated strongly and positively with both MMP-8 and MPO concentrations. Overall, this clearly suggests that neutrophils are the major cellular source of serum MMP-8, MPO and HNE in arterial disease. Therefore, MMP-8 did not correlate with MMP-1 and MMP-13, collagenases that are not expressed by neutrophils [9]. As C. pneumoniae infects cells which are involved in atherosclerosis, e.g., macrophages and smooth muscle cells and induce several inflammatory markers including MMPs [34], a positive correlation between MMPs and infection markers would have been expected. Indeed, we observed that the chlamydial LPS correlated positively with LBP, LDL cholesterol, MMP-13, and MMP-1 concentration, as well as with the IgG-levels against HSP60 and major periodontal pathogens, A.\n\nThe sensitivity of the ELISA kit was 4 7 pg/ml for IFN-γ, 31 25 p\n\nThe sensitivity of the ELISA kit was 4.7 pg/ml for IFN-γ, 31.25 pg/ml for IL-22 and 15.6 pg/ml for IL-17. Intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometric analysis.  PFMC were incubated ABT-199 solubility dmso with immune-dominant peptides of ESAT-6, CFP-10 or with BCG plus anti-CD28 and anti-CD49d for 15 h. Brefeldin A (10 μg/ml; Sigma-Aldrich) was added to the cultures in the final 8 h. After stimulation, cells were washed with PBS containing 0.1% BSA\n\nand 0.05% sodium azide, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and permeabilized with PBS containing 0.1% saponin, 0.05% sodium azide and 0.1% BSA. Then, cells were stained with anti-CD4, anti-IL-22, anti-IL-17 and anti-IFN-γ for 30 min at 4 °C. Flow cytometry was performed using a BD FACS Calibur cytometer and analysed using FlowJo software (Treestar, San Carlos, CA, USA). Statistical analysis.  All statistical tests were performed with GraphPad Prism 5 (GraphPad Software Inc, San Diego, CA, USA). Differences between groups were assessed by the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparison test. A value of P < 0.05 was considered significant. To determine whether proinflammatory cytokines were present at the local site of M. tuberculosis\n\ninfection, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17 in pleural fluid were evaluated. Statistical results in Fig. 1 showed that IL-17 was under the detecting limitation of the measuring method (median = 7.37 pg/ml). In contrast, the levels of IFN-γ (median = 2448.9 pg/ml) and IL-22 (median = 543.2 pg/ml) were significantly elevated in tubercular pleural fluid. Y-27632 molecular weight The level of IFN-γ was higher than IL-22 and IL-17. These data demonstrated that IFN-γ Inositol monophosphatase 1 and IL-22 were produced and involved in the local immune response after M. tuberculosis infection. To confirm the production of IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17 after M. tuberculosis infection, we determined the\n\nexpression of IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17 mRNA by PFMC following stimulation with immune-dominant peptides of ESAT-6, CFP-10 or with BCG in vitro. These stimuli could induce significantly higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-22 mRNA transcription than the cultures with medium alone (Fig. 2). Although the IL-17 mRNA expression was low after stimulation, it was still higher than medium alone. These data indicated that M. tuberculosis-specific cytokines IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17 were likely to be specially produced by PFMC in tubercular pleural fluid. To further understand the production of IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17, we stimulated PFMC with immune-dominant peptides of ESAT-6, CFP-10 or with BCG for 72 h. The levels of IFN-γ (Fig. 3A), IL-22 (Fig. 3B) and IL-17 (Fig. 3C) in the culture supernatants were quantified by ELISA (n = 17). The results showed that PFMC produced very low levels of IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17 in medium alone. Addition of immune-dominant peptides of ESAT-6, CFP-10 or BCG to cell cultures markedly enhanced the production of IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17 proteins.\n\nWe sought to characterize the clinical manifestations and to iden\n\n\n\n\n\nThe antibodies had no significant effect on in vitro T cell proli\n\nThe antibodies had no significant effect on in vitro T cell proliferation in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay nor on in vitro DO11.10 antigen-induced T cell proliferation. None of these antibodies, nor HVEM-Fc, had any significant effect on in vitro B cell proliferation induced by anti-immunoglobulin M antibodies (±anti-CD40) or lipopolysaccharide. We further elucidated the requirements for inhibition of in vitro T cell proliferation using a beads-based system to demonstrate that the antibodies that inhibited T cell proliferation in vitro were required to be presented to the T cell in a cis, and not trans, format\n\nrelative to the selleck kinase inhibitor anti-CD3ε stimulus. We also found that antibodies that inhibited T cell proliferation in vitro had no INCB018424 concentration significant effect on the antibody captured interleukin-2 associated with the in vivo activation of DO11.10 T cells transferred to syngeneic recipient BALB/c mice. These data\n\nsuggest that there may be specific structural requirements for the BTLA molecule to exert its effect on lymphocyte activation and proliferation. B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is a recently described molecule that is expressed on B and T lymphocytes and at lower levels on dendritic cells, splenic macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells [1,2]. It has been reported to be absent on naive T cells, up-regulated on activated T cells and maintained on polarized T helper type 1 (Th1), but not Th2 cells, in both mice and humans [3]. It has an immunoglobulin superfamily domain in its extracellular region and the classical immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) sequences in its intracellular region [1]. Recent data have demonstrated that BTLA binds uniquely as a monomer to the herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) molecule in the most membrane distal cysteine-rich domain 1 (CRD1) of HVEM and that HVEM signals\n\nunidirectionally through BTLA to inhibit T cell proliferation, possibly by recruiting intracellular SHP-1 and SHP-2 [2–5]. HVEM is also the receptor for both LIGHT and lymphotoxin-α, which bind in the CRD2 and CRD3 domains, and for Atezolizumab mouse CD160, which has been reported to compete with BTLA for binding to HVEM [6]. Functionally, several investigators have provided evidence that signalling through BTLA acts to inhibit T lymphocyte proliferation using a transfected cell co-culture system, plate-immobilized HVEM ligand or monoclonal antibodies specific for mBTLA [3,7–9]. With the exception of the reported slightly greater in vitro proliferation of purified B cells from the BTLA knock-out mice to anti-immunoglobulin M (IgM), little work has been conducted on the functional role of BTLA on B cells, despite the demonstrably high levels of BTLA expression on B cells [1,2,4].\n\nLipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated dendritic cells (DCs) from activ\n\nLipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated dendritic cells (DCs) from active BD patients showed a higher level of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-23 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. FICZ or ITE MK-2206 price significantly inhibited the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23 and TNF-α, but induced IL-10 production by DCs derived from\n\nactive BD patients and normal controls. FICZ or ITE-treated DCs significantly inhibited the T helper type 17 (Th17) and Th1 cell response. Activation of AhR either by FICZ or ITE inhibits DC differentiation, maturation and function. Further studies are needed to investigate whether manipulation of the AhR pathway may be used to treat BD or other autoimmune diseases. Daporinad\n“After infection or vaccination, antigen-specific T cells proliferate then contract in numbers to a memory set point. T-cell contraction is observed after both acute and prolonged infections although it is unknown if contraction is regulated similarly in both scenarios. Here, we show that contraction of antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells is markedly reduced in TNF/perforin-double deficient (DKO) mice responding to attenuated Listeria monocytogenes infection. Reduced contraction\n\nin DKO mice was associated with delayed clearance of infection and sustained T-cell proliferation during the normal contraction interval. Mechanistically, sustained T-cell proliferation mapped to prolonged infection in the absence of TNF; however, reduced contraction required the additional absence of perforin since T cells in mice lacking either TNF or perforin (singly deficient) underwent normal contraction. Thus, while T-cell contraction after acute infection is independent of peforin, a perforin-dependent pathway plays a previously unappreciated role to mediate contraction of antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells during\n\nprolonged L. monocytogenes infection. “\n“The recent article in Immunology by Park et al.[1] entitled ‘Interleukin-32 Bumetanide enhances cytotoxic effect of natural killer cells to cancer cells via activation of death receptor 3’ is very interesting; however, I believe that non-specialist readers would benefit from a more expansive and detailed discussion of its context. The authors have omitted much of the recent literature detailing the broader biological functions of Death Receptor 3 (DR3), most of which do not relate to regulating cell death. In addition, clarification is also required with regards to the ligands of DR3 because the older nomenclature can cause confusion and is particularly pertinent to the interpretation of this study. Towards the end of 1996 and beginning of 1997, DR3 (TNFRSF25) was reported simultaneously by a number of groups as a tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) member with an intracellular, apoptosis-inducing death domain and was ascribed a variety of names – Apo3, LARD, TR3, TRAMP and WSL-1.\n\nThe cytokine induction profile of medium compared with Bet v 1-st\n\nThe cytokine induction profile of medium compared with Bet v 1-stimulated cultures was similar and no Bet v 1-specific cytokine production could be detected (Table\n\n3). Cytokine production profiles were determined in the 8-day cultures without Bet v 1 both restimulated with or without αCD3/αCD28 on day 7. This culture allows the detection of bacteria-induced modulation of accumulated cytokine levels in Atezolizumab in vivo the supernatant. A significant inhibition of IL-1β production was observed by strains B1836, the mixture of B2261 and B633, B633 and CBI 118 for both not-restimulated and restimulated cultures and also for strain B2261 in restimulated cultures compared with the respective controls (Fig. 5a and b). IL-12 production was low in both conditions, though similar effects of the various strains\n\non IL-12 induction were observed as detected on day 4 with a low or even inhibited IL-12 production of strains B1697 and B223 (Fig. 5c and d). TNF-α induction capacity was increased in all not-restimulated cultures exposed to the various strains compared the control, while in the restimulated cultures, Transmembrane Transporters modulator most strains inhibited the TNF-α induction significantly (Fig. 5e and f). Furthermore, TNF-α was highly induced by the addition of αCD3/αCD28 the day before harvesting the supernatants. In 8-day cultures of not-restimulated cells, IL-10 was significantly induced by all lactobacilli, except for strain CBI 118 (Fig. 6a). In the restimulated condition, all strains significantly inhibited IL-10 induction capacity (Fig. 6b), and strains B1697 and B223 were\n\nsignificantly less strong IL-10 inhibitors compared with the other tested strains. Compared with IL-10 induction in 4-day αCD3/αCD28-stimulated cells, the 1-day restimulation at day 7 induced a higher IL-10 induction. IFN-γ production was also induced by the restimulation on day 7 compared with not-restimulated cultures and effects of the strains were less prominent in the restimulated condition compared with the not-restimulated day 8 culture (Fig. 6c and d). IFN-γ production was Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor induced by strains B1836, B2261, the mixture of B2261 and B633, B633 and CBI 118. Furthermore, IFN-γ production of unstimulated cultures was significantly higher on day 8 compared with day 4. After 8 days of culture of not-restimulated cells, IL-13 was consistently decreased in the presence of the strains compared with the control, though this effect was not shown to be significant for strains B1697 and B223. This same inhibition was observed in the restimulated cells, and was significant for all tested strains. Strains B1697 and B223 were significantly less strong IL-13 inhibitors compared with the other tested strains. A clear induction of IL-13 production was detected by the restimulation with αCD3/αCD28 on day 7 in the allergic patients (113 ± 40 pg mL−1 for not-restimulated cultures vs. 1572 ± 488 pg mL−1 for the restimulated cultures).\n\nInterestingly, MFIs for IFN-γ and IL-2 from multifunctional T cel\n\nInterestingly, MFIs for IFN-γ and IL-2 from multifunctional T cells stimulated with LbAg were significantly higher than those obtained after LaAg stimulation (Fig. 2c). Although this last result corroborates the ELISA data for IFN-γ protein detection in Leishmania antigen-stimulated PBMCs, we could not find any correlation between protein levels in the culture supernatants and the IFN-γ MFIs of multifunctional\n\ntriple-positive CD4+T cells after LaAg or LbAg stimulation. The same lack of correlation was observed when we compared the ELISA data with the total percentages of multifunctional T cells or the iMFIs of total IFN-γ-producing CD4+T cells. Because in the ELISA technique supernatants are analysed after 5 days of antigen stimulation, with the participation of other JAK2 inhibitor drug cell types besides CD4+ or CD8+T lymphocytes that can also produce IFN-γ, this lack of correlation could be expected.\n\nIn experimental leishmaniasis it has been shown that subcutaneous injections with LaAg alone can significantly increase the susceptibility of Rhesus monkeys to experimental infection Inhibitor Library with L. amazonensis, despite the enhanced IFN-γ production and increased delayed-type cutaneous hypersensitivity [56]. Similarly, intramuscular LaAg was found to increase the susceptibility of BALB/c mice to cutaneous leishmaniasis, in a manner associated with up-regulated Alanine-glyoxylate transaminase transforming growth factor\n\n(TGF)-β overcoming the increased IFN-γ[57]. In humans, L. amazonensis whole-cell extract has also been tested for both immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy. As observed in experimental models, although capable of eliciting T cell-mediated responses in immunized volunteers and the production of expressive amounts of IFN-γ[58–60], a vaccine candidate composed of killed L. amazonensis promastigotes from the same strain utilized in the present work failed to induce protection in a Phase III clinical trial [61]. Conversely, the same preparation was shown to be extremely suitable for immunotherapeutic practice, especially in individuals who are resistant to the usual antimonial therapy and those with counterindications such as cardiopathy and nephropathy [62,63]. As IFN-γ single-positive CD4+T cells are short-lived [22,23], our results can offer a possible explanation for the diverse results observed in the prophylaxis and immunotherapy studies with L. amazonensis whole-cell extracts. LaAg stimulation induces a substantial amount of IFN-γ single-positive CD4+T cells, which may not be sufficient to induce long-term and good-quality protection against reinfection, but could be effective when a rapid and transient Th1 response is needed, as in the case of immunotherapeutic interventions.\n\nThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin A\n\nThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin A supplementation\n\non expression of Th17 cells-related IL-17 and RORc genes in atherosclerotic patients. Thirty one atherosclerotic patients and 15 healthy controls were studied for 4 months. Atherosclerotic patients were randomly divided into vitamin A or placebo groups. Healthy controls and patients in vitamin A group received 25,000 IU retinyl palmitate per day. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells selleck chemicals were isolated, cultured and divided into three groups including fresh cells, phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated T cells and ox-LDL-activated T cells. Gene expressions of T cells were studied by real-time PCR. In atherosclerotic patients, vitamin A supplementation resulted in significant decrease in IL-17 gene expression by 0.63-fold in fresh\n\ncell, 0.82-fold in PHA-activated cells and 0.65-fold in ox-LDL-activated cells (P < 0.05 for all). RORc gene expression in fresh cells as well as ox-LDL-activated cells decreased significantly after vitamin A supplementation in atherosclerotic patients (P = 0.0001 for both). In PHA-activated cells, vitamin A supplementation significantly decreased RORc gene Selleck GSK-3 inhibitor in both atherosclerotic patients and healthy subjects by 0.87-fold and 0.72, respectively, while in placebo group, the RORc gene expression significantly increased by 1.17-fold (P < 0.05 for all). Findings of this study suggest that vitamin A supplementation may be an effective approach to slow progression of atherosclerosis. \"\n“Dendritic cells (DCs) are master regulators of T-cell responses. After sensing pathogen-derived molecular patterns (PAMPs), or signals of inflammation CYTH4 and cellular stress, DCs differentiate into potent activators of naïve CD4+ and\n\nCD8+ T cells through a process that is termed DC maturation. By contrast, DCs induce and maintain peripheral T-cell tolerance in the steady state, that is in the absence of overt infection or inflammation. However, the immunological steady state is not devoid of DC-activating stimuli, such as commensal microorganisms, subclinical infections, or basal levels of proinflammatory mediators. In the presence of these activating stimuli, DC maturation must be calibrated to ensure self-tolerance yet allow for adequate T-cell responses to infections. Here, we review the factors that are known to control DC maturation in the steady state and discuss their effect on the tolerogenic function of steady-state DCs. Since their discovery by Steinman and Cohn in the 1970s [1], it has become clear that dendritic cells (DCs) are key inducers and regulators of immune responses.\n\nIn the presence of DDMS, vasodilatation to reduced PO2 was elimin\n\nIn the presence of DDMS, vasodilatation to reduced PO2 was eliminated by indomethacin and unaffected by l-NAME in rats fed LS diet, and eliminated by l-NAME and unaffected by indomethacin in rats fed HS diet. The 20-HETE agonist WIT003 restored norepinephrine sensitivity in DDMS-treated arteries of HS-fed rats. HS diet increased vascular 20-HETE production and CYP4A protein levels by ∼24% and ∼31%, respectively, although these differences were not significant. Conclusions:  These findings\n\nsupport the hypothesis that the 20-HETE/CYP4A system modulates vessel responses to norepinephrine and vascular relaxation to reduced PO2 in mesenteric resistance arteries PF-01367338 mouse of SS rats fed HS diet. “\n“Cells require energy to carry out their functions and they typically use oxidative phosphorylation to generate the needed ATP. Thus, cells have a continuous need for oxygen, which they receive by diffusion from the blood through the interstitial fluid. The circulatory system pumps oxygen-rich blood through a network of increasingly minute vessels,\n\nthe microcirculation. The structure of the microcirculation is such that all cells have at least one nearby capillary for diffusive exchange of oxygen and red blood cells release the oxygen bound to hemoglobin as they traverse capillaries. This review focuses first on the historical development of techniques to measure oxygen at various sites in the microcirculation, including the blood, interstitium, and cells. Next, approaches are described as to how these techniques have been employed KU-57788 cell line to make discoveries about different\n\naspects of oxygen transport. Finally, ways in which oxygen might participate in the regulation of blood flow toward matching oxygen second supply to oxygen demand is discussed. Overall, the transport of oxygen to the cells of the body is one of the most critical functions of the cardiovascular system and it is in the microcirculation where the final local determinants of oxygen supply, oxygen demand, and their regulation are decided. “\n“Please cite this paper as: Quinn, Hamilton, McCann, Agnew, Millar, Lockhart, Harbinson and McVeigh (2011). Ocular Blood Flow Analysis Detects Microvascular Abnormalities in Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Microcirculation 18(7), 532–540. Objective:  Waveform analysis has been used to assess vascular resistance and predict cardiovascular events. We aimed to identify microvascular abnormalities in patients with IGT using ocular waveform analysis. The effects of pioglitazone were also assessed. Methods:  Forty patients with IGT and 24 controls were studied. Doppler velocity recordings were obtained from the central retinal, ophthalmic, and common carotid arteries, and sampled at 200 Hz. A discrete wavelet-based analysis method was employed to quantify waveforms. The RI was also determined.\n\nFor Western blots 3 × 106 B cells were lysed in RIPA buffer Nitr\n\nFor Western blots 3 × 106 B cells were lysed in RIPA buffer. Nitrocellulose membranes were blocked in Tris-buffered saline/5% dry milk, and incubated with anti-RAG-1 1 : 200, anti-Ku70 1 : 1000, GSK1120212 datasheet anti-RAG-2 1 : 200, anti-GAPDH (Millipore, Schwalbach, Germany) or anti-β-actin (Cell Signaling Technologies, Danvers, MA). Real-time RT-PCR was performed using a High Pure RNA Isolation Kit (Roche), First Strand cDNA Kit with oligo(dT) primers (Fermentas, St Leon-Rot, Germany), Absolute QPCR SYBR GREEN Low ROX Mix (ABgene House, Epsom, UK), primers\n\n(Table 1, MWG Biotech) and a 7900 HT Fast Real Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Darmstadt, Germany). Relative expression to β-actin was calculated as rE = 1/(2Ct(target) − Ct(β-actin)). Interleukin-6 (72 hr) was JAK drugs measured using the OptEIA ELISA kit (BD Biosciences); IgM (13 days) was quantified using the IgM ELISA (Bethyl Laboratories, Montgomery, AL). For polyreactivity ELISA, plates were coated with 10 μg/ml lipopolysaccharide (Sigma), pneumovax (Aventis Pasteur, Lyon, France), tetanus toxoid (Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark) or 100 μg/ml salmon\n\nsperm DNA [Sigma; double-stranded DNA (untreated), single-stranded DNA (boiled)], rehydrated, blocked with PBS/3% FCS and incubated with B-cell supernatant and anti-human immunoglobulin-horseradish peroxidase (1 : 5000). Statistical significance was determined using the paired two-tailed Student’s t-test; significant differences are indicated with *P ≤ 0·05 and **P ≤ 0·005. In the present study we asked whether TLR9 could participate in receptor revision. As IL-6\n\nwas previously found to be essential for the expression of RAG proteins in B-cell progenitors[20] and in mature B cells,[5, 6] we first determined the preconditions for induction of B-cell-derived IL-6: CpGPTO represented potent inducers of IL-6 (Fig. 1a), but IL-6 was also stimulated by combination of CD40L and rhIL-4, used as a surrogate for T-cell help (Fig. 1a), and combination of CpGPTO with NADPH-cytochrome-c2 reductase CD40L synergistically enhanced IL-6 production (Fig. 1a). By comparison, CpGPTO triggered proliferation in all conditions but the combination of CD40L and rhIL-4 (Fig. 1b). Having confirmed this prerequisite for re-expression of RAG, we approached the analysis of RAG expression. RNA and protein lysates from freshly isolated peripheral blood B cells were compared with those from B cells stimulated with CpGPTO, CD40L ± rhIL-4 or a combination of these stimuli. As expected, RAG-1 mRNA was not found in freshly isolated B cells but – paralleling IL-6 induction – became detectable in B cells stimulated for 24 hr or longer with either CD40L/rhIL-4 or CpGPTO, or combinations of CpGPTO with CD40L ± rhIL-4 ± BCR stimulation with anti-human immunoglobulin F(ab′)2 (Fig. 2a).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8049020767211914}
+{"content": "My grandmother had two birthdays. For most of her life she celebrated on August 26th, the birthday she’d known since childhood. Then, sometime during the late 1960s, her husband found a box on the upper shelf of a closet in their Bronx apartment. Among the important papers it contained was Rachel’s birth certificate, something that had been there for decades but apparently never actually read. Surprise! My grandmother’s birthday wasn’t August 26th, and she hadn’t been born in 1908. The verified date of birth was June 26, 1907.\n\nIf my grandmother had been into astrology–which she wasn’t–maybe she’d have been annoyed to discover that after spending her life reading Virgo’s horoscope, her real sun sign was Cancer. If she’d been prone to pondering her personal history (again, not too useful in my grandmother’s world), it might have been a little disappointing to realize that all the childhood milestones she’d accomplished so precociously ahead of her peers were actually right on schedule given her true age. Even basic facts, like the age gaps between Rachel and her siblings, shifted just because my grandfather decided to root through the closet. At the very least, it had to to tweak her perspective a bit to realize that a fundamental fact she’d believed all her life was wrong.\n\nBut Rachel being Rachel, she plowed through my grandfather’s “older woman” jokes and came out with the solution she liked best: she would now celebrate both birthdays each year. The change-the-date notice didn’t rock her world at all, and maybe she was right. Other than a potential paperwork nightmare, what was different?\n\nThe stats on my grandmother’s birth certificate offer a snapshot of the beginning of her life. They give us her (correct) birthdate, her family’s address at her birth, her parents’ names, ages, country of origin, and the number of siblings awaiting her arrival. The facts remain constant, but they take on more depth as my grandmother defines her world with the pieces life gives her. Both names on her birth certificate — Rachael Levy — change, the second name through two marriages and the spelling of the first for a reason known only to the reborn “Rachel.” The Lower East side address gets swapped out for locations in the Bronx, Florida, and finally Annapolis. Her parents get older, then pass from her grasp; the number of siblings at home increases, then wanes as everyone leaves home for individual paths. The birth certificate can’t show what my grandmother made of her life. It can’t show her lifelong devotion to her mother, her bond with her sisters, the resilience she somehow found in her early forties when her husband died suddenly, leaving her with four children to support and continue raising.\n\nPalmists read both palms when giving readings, believing that the nondominant hand shows what a person was given at birth, while the dominant hand shows what has become of those attributes. I think of my grandmother’s birth certificate as her nondominant hand, her launching pad. But while the circumstances surrounding her birth certainly impacted her life, what she made of that life also added dimension to the facts preserved on the birth certificate. Who she became and the choices she made increased the meaning of otherwise static figures.\n\nMy grandmother’s decision to celebrate both birthdays each year meant that we could potentially get into trouble if we forgot either one. So, I’m not forgetting. Happy (sort of) Birthday, Grandma Rachel, wherever you may be. I hope you’re having a wonderful time defining yourself however you please!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5377724170684814}
+{"content": "How long does it take to recover from hardware removal surgery?\n\nHow bad is hardware removal surgery?\n\nComplications of Hardware Removal\n\nIn order to remove the implant from the bone, there is typically a weakening of the bone. Screws removed to leave a hole in the bone, plates may leave a deformity in the bone. Removing these implants may weaken the bone where the implant was used.\n\nWhat do you do after hardware removal?\n\nKeep the operative area dry when showering. This can be done with a cast bag or trash bags secured with duct tape or a thick rubber band. The incision site can get wet 24 hours after the sutures are removed. Driving may not be safe for about 1-2 weeks after operation if the right foot is operated upon.\n\nIs hardware removal considered surgery?\n\nHardware removal is surgery to take out devices used to fix your bone. These devices may include metal pins, screws, plates, surgical wires, or bone implants. These types of hardware are placed to hold and put your broken bones back together until they heal.\n\nWhen should surgical hardware be removed?\n\nSurgeons use hardware such as pins, plates, or screws to help fix a broken bone, torn tendon, or to correct an abnormality in a bone. Most often, this involves bones of the legs, arms, or spine. Later, if you have pain or other problems related to the hardware, you may have surgery to remove the hardware.\n\nTHIS IS INTERESTING:  How long does bloating last after bowel surgery?\n\nWhat happens to bone after screw removal?\n\n\nHow long does it take for bone to grow back after screw removal?\n\nWhen the screws are removed, will their holes fill up with new bone? Answer: Yes they will. It takes about 6 weeks for that to happen so you’ll need to be a little careful until the bone has regained its full strength.\n\nHow long is recovery from clavicle plate removal?\n\nReturn to normal activities\n\nMost clavicle fractures heal after about 6 to 12 weeks. Generally, normal activity can be resumed after 6 weeks, and participation in contact sports being permitted after healing is observed. Athletes can work with their physicians to confirm when they are cleared to resume play.\n\nHow long does it take for a bone hole to heal?\n\nGiven that most holes left behind by internal fixation techniques usually heal in approximately 8 months, if they ever heal at all, the loss in bone strength during this time is significant enough to potentially put the patient at risk for further injury.\n\nShould I get the hardware removed from my foot?\n\nOnce the area has healed, and the hardware has fulfilled its function, there’s no need for it to remain. Some foot specialists prefer to remove it preemptively before it potentially causes complications. Others prefer to leave surgical hardware in place, due to the risks inherent with subsequent surgery.\n\nTHIS IS INTERESTING:  Do you keep your nipples after top surgery?\n\nShould I have my hardware removed?\n\nDue to the relatively high complication rates associated with routine hardware removal, most surgeons do not recommend it in the adult patient population after a fracture or reconstructive procedure, unless the hardware is symptomatic, the patient has significant pain or the patient has a nonunion or infection.\n\nWhen should plates be removed after surgery?\n\nIdeally, plate removal should be performed three months after surgery, when the bone is already consolidated. It is a simple procedure that is performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis, although with the pass of time the procedure becomes more difficult, as the plates gradually integrate with the bone.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.787817656993866}
+{"content": "Reading Tarot Spreads to Help With Your Writing\n\nThis is the second part in a series on the tarot. If you’re new to it, please start with part one for an introduction to the cards, how they work and what they mean, then come back to learn how to use them in your writing.\n\nBefore you read, you might like to find a quiet place where you can be alone with your thoughts and really think about what each card is trying tell you. Have a notebook and pen, or your computer handy so you can jot down ideas as they come to you. Some people choose to lay out a special cloth (usually a solid color) on which to place the cards because it helps focus the mind. If you are religious, you might want to ask your guardian angel or the muses or whatever god(s) you believe in to guide your reading, but that is totally optional.\n\nTo begin, take a deep breath and close your eyes. Think about your question. If you are using your reading to build out your plot from the beginning, you might ask a question like “What is the framework of this book?” or “Show me how this plot should progress.” If you’re trying the work through a block, think about it as specifically as you can, something like “what happens to X character next?” or “How does X get out of [name the jam you put them in].” If you are building a character you could start with “Show me X’s progression throughout the book.” Keep repeating your question in your mind over and over as you shuffle the deck. You’ll know when to stop. Sometimes you will feel a card get hot or cold or your fingers will tingle. Other times, you just know to stop. Sometimes nothing at all happens and you just get tired of shuffling. Trust your instincts; there are no wrong answer. Once you feel ready, draw your first card from the top of the deck.\n\nBecause of their unique symbolism, you can always do readings using only the major or minor arcana cards if you want to. But I have found that using both major and minor arcana (which is the standard practice) gives you a more complete picture. There are three basic types of spreads, which I’ll explain from the easiest to the most complex.\n\nOne Card Spreads\n\nThis involves drawing a single card and is the fastest and easiest, It allows you to be very focused in your question and answer, but it also provides you with the least amount of information because you don’t have the influence of surrounding cards. But if you are in a hurry or just need a prompt to get you going, one is all you need. Potential uses:\n\nGetting to know your characters – Draw a card for each major character in your plot. This will tell you a lot about them, since we each have a card that best symbolizes who we are. (Mine is Strength.) This is best determined over time through multiple readings when the same card keeps showing up over and over again, but can also be done with a single reading.\n\nI recently did this for a book I was plotting. It is biographical historical fiction set in WWII Poland and the card I drew was the Knight of Wands . This card symbolizes someone clever, with a strong sense of humor who is good with words and has sound instincts and a gift for seeing things others may have missed. This describes my heroine (who was a real person) to a tee. Because of this card, I learned what key aspects of her personality to focus on when writing.\n\nGet to know the overall “vibe” of your book. A single card can also tell you about the theme(s) of your book. As I was writing this article, I pulled a card for my latest project, another biographical historical, this one set the colonial United States. My card was The Five of Wands I was immediately struck by the image, which shows five people fighting with staves, because while my book written in a single first-person POV, there are multiple competing timelines and storylines to keep straight, so much so that I needed to make a chart.\n\nThe meaning of the card is competition and being obsessed with material things or as the book that came with the deck puts it “keeping up with the Joneses.” That is certainly relevant because there are many men competing for the affection of my heroine. She also a very well-to-do woman who was known historically for her lavish parties and spending that, combined with her husband’s gambling, eventually drove them deep into debt. The card can also mean a clash of ideas and principles and hurting others by giving mixed messages. My main character is in love with her sisters’ husband and both are tempted to have an affair. Much of their relationship takes place via letter and because of both, they often wonder what the other really feels.\n\n(While I was writing this, I accidently knocked the next card off the top of the deck. It was The Lovers which is what I was expecting the main card for the book to be because it is essentially a story of forbidden love. Always pay attention when cards fall out of the deck as you shuffle or otherwise make themselves known—it happens for a reason.\n\nFind the answer to a plot problem or writer’s block. All you have to do here is ask what the problem is. Pay close attention to what the card symbolizes. It may tell you where you’ve gone wrong in plotting in another part of the book, directly answer your question, or even tell you about something in yourself that is causing the block (such as being overworked and needing to take a break).\n\nThree Card Spreads\n\nThere are many variations on three-card spreads, but the most common is past-present-future, which can be used for both plots and characters.\n\n  • If you write to a three-act structure, you could use this spread to learn about the themes of each act.\n  • You could take each of your major characters and do a past-present-future spread to learn about their backstory, where they are when the book begins, and how they change as the novel progresses.\n  • For character arcs, think about one card as being where the character is now, the second as where they want to be, and the third how to get there.\n  • If you are experiencing a writing problem, you can have one card symbolize the nature of the problem, one the cause, and one the solution. Similarly, you can have the cards stand for what the character wants/what will help them, what is standing in their way, and how to overcome it.\n  • We’ve all heard about MRUs (motivation reaction units), right? One card can be your character’s thought/feeling, one their reaction, and the third, what he or she is going to say or do in response.\n  • If you are mulling over the relationship between characters you could have one card stand for each character and the third for their relationship. Or you could use one for what brought them together, one for what pulls them apart, and the third for the resolution. (This one is particularly good for romance novels and romantic plotlines.)\n\nYou could seriously go on forever with these. There’s a long list of three-card spreads online here.\n\nThe Celtic Cross Spread\n\nThis is the classic tarot spread, the one you’ve seen in every TV show and movie with a fortune teller and the one you will see if you go visit one in real life. This is because it is the most comprehensive. I’m going to explain it first, and then show you a few ways to use it.\n\nThe Celtic Cross spread involves 10 or 11 cards. Some people choose to designate one card that is set off to the side to symbolize the question or the person asking the question. If you choose to do this, you will draw that card first after you have finished shuffling the deck. Then draw the cards from the top of the deck and lay them out according to the pattern above.\n\nOnce you’ve done that. Take a look at the overall spread. Is your gut telling you anything? Does the spread feel inherently happy or sad, positive or negative? Does anything immediately jump out at you? It can take some time to develop the ability to get the “feel” for a spread, so don’t worry if you don’t come up with anything right away.\n\nNext, take a look at each card individually. Write down your impressions of each one. I did a reading for my colonial American book while writing this using the question “show me what I need to know about X book” and I’ll give you my cards as well as an example.\n\nMy overall impression is that this is a positive reading with five major arcana cards (which is a lot) and no dominant suit (two swords and two pentacles, which neutralize each other’s negative and positive elements). It’s going to be an interesting reading.\n\n  1. Relationship to the Present Situation. Queen of Swords – An impressive, trailblazing woman of courage and intelligence who will not be held down by convention. This is my main character very clearly summed up.\n  2. Positive Forces in Your Favor. The Chariot – Triumph, balance, holding opposing views in equal tension. Enjoying life. This describes my character’s approach to life pretty well, though she’s more known for extravagance than balance.\n  3. Message from Your Higher Self – Queen of Pentacles – Female strength and success in business and with money. A caring woman concerned with the lives of those around her. Again, you have to trust me that this fits my character very well.\n  4. Subconscious/Underlying Themes/Emotional – The Priestess – Inspiration and advice from a woman who is wise and mature. Can also represent isolation. That last part is interesting to me because my heroine spends most of the book in another country than the rest of her family. Her best friend could easily be represented by the priestess and would provide calm to her boundless energy.\n  5. The Past – The Fool – Setting off on a journey unaware of an uncaring of the consequences; innocence and foolishness. My character married very young and regrets it almost immediately when her husband turns out not to be who she though he was (quite literally) and she falls in love with someone else, but can’t have him because she is already married.\n  6. Relationship with Others – The Two of Cups – The minor arcana card most like The Lovers. Represents relationships, attraction, engagement/marriage and emotional bonds. Perfect for describing the forbidden love she experiences for most of her life.\n  7. Psychological States/Forces That Can Affect the Outcome – The Six of Swords. Ugh, the swords. Movement, alignment of heart and mind, a declaration of love, focus and follow-through with unpredictable results. Funny that this one depicts a journey across water because my character travels back and forth between America and Europe a lot. Again, I see shades of the forbidden romance in this card, especially since it comes right between the Two of Cups and The Sun\n  8. Environment/Unseen Forces – The Sun – Triumph, bounty, enjoying life. It is interesting that the book that comes with this deck mentions “summer love” in connection to this card. If my two historical people ever actually consummated their affair, it would have been a particular summer while his wife was away.\n  9. Hopes and Fears – The Magician – A man of creativity, power and strong voice who is eloquent and charming. This could be my hero and describe what my heroine sees in him. This card can also mean someone who is manipulative and at times untrue, which applies to her fears about him just being a flirt and not really loving her since she is already married. (Which is something historians haven’t even figured out.)\n  10. Outcome – The King of Pentacles – A proud, self-assured young man of status and wealth, a supportive husband who recognizes the value of culture. This card could represent either her husband or her lover. Her husband is proud and wealthy, but he is not exactly supportive, while her lover is. I see this as the outcome she wants; her ideal man. Unfortunately, he does not exist and history does not bear out a happy ending for her or her lover. However, as a writer, I see this as an opportunity to really amp up the tragedy of the ending. Outcomes are even more powerful when the hero and heroine don’t get what they want because readers have been rooting for them the entire book and now will mourn with them as well.\n\nFinally, look at the cards in groups of three or four. Do they affect each other or change the meaning of surrounding cards? Make notes of anything that notice. Again, it may take time to learn this part. In my example, as you can see from the explanations above, the first four cards agree with each other and strengthen one another in a description of my heroine. In the same way, cards six through nine all play on the same theme of forbidden love. Taken together, these influenced my interpretation of the Outcome card.\n\nOf course, everything is subject to interpretation; I may read a spread totally differently than you do, which is why some people don’t put any stock in tarot readings. And that is fine. I’m only here to advise you on how you can use them as a tool in your writing; whether or not you believe they will work for you is a personal decision.\n\nOnce you get comfortable with your cards you can also make up your own spreads to fit your questions. They can be circular, triangle, any shape that works for what you need. You could even take the major archetypes and draw a card for each one or take your favorite plot arc or character arc tool (I’m a fan of Michael Hauge’s “Six Stage Plot Structure” and Larry Brooks’ Four Part Structure) and make up a spread to fit it. The sky is the limit.\n\nI hope this series of articles has given you a new tool in your writing toolbox. If you are familiar with other systems of divination like runes, wisdom sticks, or even astrology or dowsing with a pendulum, you can employ those as well. They all tap into your subconscious mind in a similar manner. Best of luck!\n\nHow to Use the Tarot in Your Writing\n\nTwo weeks ago at the Historical Novel Society conference, I participated in a brief lecture from my dear friend Kris Waldherr on how writers can use the tarot to help plan their books. It not only re-invigorated me in my study of tarot and inspired me to create my own deck, it reminded me I wrote a series of two articles about it a while back for Novelists’ Inc. that I have never shared here. \n\nThis first article covers the basics of what tarot is (and is not), what the cards mean and how they are used so that readers who have no familiarity with the tarot can catch up. The next article, which I will publish tomorrow simultaneously here and over at my second home on Spellbound Scribes, will go into detail on how to use it in your writing.\n\nWe’ve all heard of tarot cards and seen then used by witches and fortune tellers in the movies and on TV. Unfortunately, the persistent use of them by Hollywood to evoke fear and evil has led to many people thinking the tarot is something it is not. Before we begin, I want to address some common tarot misconceptions:\n\n  1. The tarot is not evil. It is just a set of cards with pictures on them. That’s it. A tarot deck is no more or less powerful than a regular deck of playing cards.\n  2. It will not summon the devil or any evil spirits. The tarot actually has nothing to do with any religion. You can choose for it to be part of your spiritual practice, but it doesn’t have to be. The cards are neither positive nor negative; it is your intent that makes them one way or the other. You’d have to be very intentional and work really hard to summon anything evil with them. And I don’t recommend trying.\n  3. If you are Christian and you use it, you will not go to hell. Well, you might, but not for that! In fact, there is even a book on how Christians can use the tarot called Meditations on the Tarot: A Journey into Christian Hermeticism. I highly recommend it. There are also several Christian tarot decks.\n  4. You don’t have to be religious to use it. Even though divination using playing cards pre-dates modern psychology, tarot really is all about your subconscious mind, so you can be an atheist and it will work just the same as if you are religious.\n\nIf you’re not comfortable with tarot or think it is wrong, by all means don’t use it. I would never want you to do something that goes against your beliefs or makes you feel like you’re doing something wrong. But if you’re curious, read on.\n\nWhat the Tarot Is\n\nSo, if all of that is true, how exactly does the tarot work? The easiest explanation is that it is a way to tap into your subconscious mind, which holds a lot of information and answers we don’t normally access with our conscious brains. As we know from dreams, our subconscious works in symbols, which is why there is standard symbolism on each tarot card, regardless of the specific artwork.\n\nThe tarot’s symbolism is heavily based in archetypes because these are pretty much eternal and unchanging. The most common archetypes include:\n\n  1. The Hero who is undertaking the quest.\n  2. The Mentor who guides them.\n  3. The Ally who accompanies them.\n  4. The Herald who says “hey, hero, it’s time for a change in your life” and kicks off the quest.\n  5. The Trickster, who is the comic relief and mischief maker.\n  6. The Shapeshifter, who is kind of like a frenemy and could be friend or foe or both.\n  7. The Wizard/Guardian who tests the hero\n  8. The Shadow, who is the villain.\n\nIf these roles sound familiar, that’s because they are also the building blocks of storytelling. Each of these, and more, are reflected in the card’s symbolism. More on that in a minute.\n\nThe System of Tarot\n\nEvery tarot deck is comprised of 78 cards divided into the major arcana (22 cards) and minor arcana (56 cards). The major arcana are like the face cards of a regular deck of playing cards. Major arcana cards are more significant and helpful in understanding your characters and plot because these cards represent powerful forces and events which can shape them. Major arcana cards can identifying the major plot points of your book and the basics of your outline.\n\nThere are countless ways of interpreting these cards (here’s a good online resource), so we’ll take a brief look at each and how they might be used to indicate a character or plot point. (Click on the image to see it larger.)\n\nThe Major Arcana\n\n  1. The Fool – This is the hero of our story, the unwitting innocent setting out the journey of your book. He symbolizes being open to new possibilities and sometimes being foolish in your ignorance. If your hero is otherwise represented, he or she could be an ally to the main character. This person is usually well-intentioned, but can also be bungling.\n  2. The Magician – The magician symbolizes intelligence, talent, intuition, freedom and confidence, but he can also be a tricky showman. His message is that you already have everything you need to accomplish your goals. Depending on the story, he could be the mentor for your hero, the herald who kicks off the quest, a trickster or possibly the wizard who tests your hero. Study the surrounding cards for clues.\n  3. The High Priestess – She is a woman of great power and strength and symbolizes the inner voice or intuition. She also represents spiritual forces like wisdom and insight and is a wise counselor who may live at a remove from the rest of the world. She could also be the mentor of your main character or even the herald if used with prophecy or magic.\n  4. The Empress – She is the ultimate feminine figure and powerful ruler. She is a strong role model and peacemaker, a guide, and example of dignity. She is often associated with fertility and Mother Earth. Another mentor possibility, but she could also take her power too far and become a dark figure.\n  5. The Emperor – This is the card of hard-won leadership and power, an authority figure who knows his stuff. He represents masculine energy that is stable, reasonable and ethical. He is another possible mentor figure, but he could also be seeking to hold your hero down, just like some rulers seek to oppress their people.\n  6. The Hierophant/Priest – This figure represents tradition, authority and adherence to established rules and customs. He is also a powerful spiritual force and you would do well to listen to his wisdom. It’s possible this card could represent the mentor, but depending on the circumstances, he could also be the shapeshifter or even the shadow. He would be a fun villain to write and would pose a formidable challenge for your hero, who is usually seeking to overthrow all he represents.\n  7. The Lovers – The lovers are all about relationships, and not necessarily just sexual ones, friendships too. They also guide values and decisions and symbolize intense emotions such as the blindness and irrationality of love. They often appear in reading when a decision is needed and can indicate a positive past choice. This card could be the ally who helps the heroine in her journey or could represent a love interest or romantic aspect to the plot.\n  8. The Chariot – Represents triumph, victory and success and is connected to natural drive and determination. But the Chariot warns you can’t just depend on your dreams; you must take action to make them happen. As such, this is a card of agency for a character and movement/momentum in the plot.\n  9. Strength – This card is all about inner strength—fortitude of heart and mind that enables you to overcome any obstacle. It also symbolizes perseverance and facing your fears head on. A character with this card would be strong, but could also be stubborn, which could lead to difficulties with other characters or obstacles in the plot that the hero will have to fight to overcome.\n  10. The Hermit – As his name implies, the Hermit represents solitude and listening to the voice within. He could be the guide to your hero, or he could be the trickster, falsely be urging them to withdrawn when action is required, depending on the surrounding cards. If he comes out of isolation set up the quest, he can also function as the herald. He represents a place in the plot where introspection is needed before the hero can make a decision/move on.\n  11. Wheel of Fortune – This the wheel of fate, representing the ups and downs of life. The card reminds us that the only permanence in life is change and that we must be open to learning the lessons of the present moment. Usually it is interpreted as a card of good luck, but depending on the surrounding cards, it could also indicate a reversal of fortune. It is a good card for plotting points of major change or evaluating how your character handles it.\n  12. Justice – As the name implies, this card is about karma and getting what you deserve. If that is a main theme in your book, play close attention to this card. It can also be about acting as a judge and weighing choices in order to make a decision or needing to be impartial. This card could indicate a character who is judgmental (or who teaches others not to judge) or it could represent a moment your main character is called to account for their actions, either within their own mind or by someone else.\n  13. The Hanged Man – The hanged man is all about being stuck or being in the in between. He usually represents needing to make a decision or being at a crossroads in life. Usually a sacrifice is required to be able to move on. This card can also mean punishment for a crime. This card can represent where your character is before he/she takes up the call for change at the beginning of a book or any point where they feel unable to move forward. In the latter case, look at surrounding cards to see who or what might able to help propel them forward.\n  14. DeathThis card does not usually mean literal death! It can, in rare cases, but usually instead represents transformation, the dying of the old so the new can be reborn. It can indicate the end of a cycle or the end of relationship and can symbolize your fears or even the end of suffering. As such it is versatile in revealing a character’s weakness and vulnerabilities, but an also be used to point points of change in a story.\n  15. Temperance – As the name indicates, this is a card of moderation. Patience is her virtue and she can represent grace under pressure, good manners, the ability to adapt or be creative. She is symbol of balance and harmony. She can represent an advocate or ally or your character or a warning not to get out of control.\n  16. The DevilThis card is not evil, no matter what Hollywood says. When you are using tarot for writing, this card will usually indicate your shadow or villain character or forces working against your main character. It represents our baser instincts and can symbolize obsession, abuse and addictions. It can also symbolize a positive character embracing their wild or vengeful side or feeling trapped.\n  17. The Tower – This card is not a fun one to see in a reading because it represents destruction and major change. But that isn’t always bad; it can mean the breaking down of the old to begin anew, as in a desired divorce. Usually the best solution is to give in and then pick up the pieces and start over. This often appears to represent the “black moment” in a plot – the point where all seems lost for the hero.\n  18. The Star – The star represents hope, peace and freedom, inspiration and enlightenment. It can mean relying on yourself and taking steps to improve yourself or your situation. It also symbolizes healing and following your destiny or the will of the gods. For characters, it can mean agency or following a force greater than themselves.\n  19. The Moon – Just as the moon rules the tides and can affect human sanity, this card represents powerful emotions and vivid dreams. It can mean a time of disorientation, anxiety or repressing things into your subconscious. Because it can indicate a shadowy person or situation, insanity or obsession with the macabre, it can represent your villain or something involving deception that will happen to your hero. Or it can mean something underhanded he or she is doing, willingly or not.\n  20. The Sun – This card is the opposite of the Moon. It indicates things done out in the light of day, triumph and victory, glory, safety and well-being. It can also represent the innocence and joy of childhood. It is an uplifting card that indicates all is well in the world. In characterization, it is associated with genuinely good, innocent people, like Forrest Gump, for example.\n  21. Judgement – Like the Last Judgement (which is often depicted on the card) it represents resurrection and rebirth, a reawakening and new opportunities. It can also symbolize a rite of passage, a positive change, or a new way of thinking. In plotting a book, this card would naturally fall between or at the beginning or end of an act or section because that is where major changes occur.\n  22. The World – This card represents seeing beyond oneself into the interconnectedness of all things. It represents mystical insight and faith and being in control of one’s fate. You are exactly where you are meant to be. In character development, this would be a very confident character who understand their destiny and is actively seeking it. In plotting, it could represent a happy ending or being ready to move on to something new.\n\nThe Minor Arcana\n\nThe minor arcana are like the numbered suit cards in a deck of playing cards. They are even divided into four suits, with ten regular cards and four face cards: the prince/page, knight, queen, king. While the major arcana represent the “big” things in life, the minor arcana fill in the humdrum, daily details and can be especially helpful in fleshing out the outline that major arcana cards give you.\n\nThe suits all have different symbolism:\n\n  1. Wands/Staves/Staffs – are associated with the element of air and the ideas of movement and growth. Wands represent ideas, creativity, hopes and dreams. My experience with readings heavy on this suit are usually positive, but variable. Like the wind they represent, they are changeable and sometimes fickle.\n  2. Cups – are associated with the element of water and your mental and spiritual state, as well as your relationships. Cups are highly emotional and can be either positive or negative, depending on the surrounding cards.\n  3. Swords – are associated with the element of fire and with conflict. Like a blade, they can be sharp and deliver messages we don’t really want to hear, especially about our health and relationships. They can be harbingers of ill tidings, but they can also make us face realities we want to deny, leading to wisdom and healing. I cringe when I see a reading heavy on swords because they are generally negative cards, unless you work really hard to find the silver lining.\n  4. Pentacles/Coins/Disks – are associated with the element of earth and the material world, primarily dealing with matters of money, career and all forms of prosperity: emotional, physical and spiritual. I have found that if your reading contains a lot of this suit, it will be generally positive.\n\nSome people also read “reverse” cards, meaning a card laid upside down when dealt. Generally, that reverses the usual meaning of the card. Most books will provide you with both regular and reverse meanings for each card. I don’t personally read reverse cards because I think the tarot is complex enough without it.\n\nAlmost every tarot desk comes with a book, so if you don’t want to invest in additional materials when you’re first starting out, you don’t have to. Those books are enough to teach you the basics and help you to interpret the cards.\n\nI suggest searching online or visiting your local New Age store and seeing what decks speak to you. It’s usually wise to look at a deck in person and get a literal feel for it, but when that is not possible, this a good place to start.\n\nThe classic tarot deck is the Rider-Waite Tarot. (I don’t personally like that deck; it freaks me out for some reason.) There a deck for literally every personality from Victorian to Goth to faeries and unicorns, as well as every culture and sexual orientation. There are even decks to tie in with movies like Lord of the Rings, TV shows like Game of Thrones and books like Erin Morgenstern’s The Starless Sea.\n\nIf you decide to purchase a deck, take some time to get to know the cards. Study each one and note what it says to you and it makes you feel. That’s the first step to learning how to read them. Then, if the deck comes with a book, read it and study each card while reading its definition. Over time, you’ll learn what to associate with each card.\n\nOne last note: If you aren’t comfortable with tarot cards, you might want to consider oracle cards. These are similar to tarot, but they don’t have the formalize structure around them that tarot does so they can be used in any way you want. I like them for single card readings. Many Christians also find these less daunting because they don’t come with the evil stigma that tarot does. Here’s an article on the differences and a Christian-based list.\n\nIn case you’re wondering what I use:\n\nTarot: I started with a basic set for beginners  and then moved on to Legend: The Arthurian Tarot. After a while, some of the cards became so associated in my mind with certain people who were no longer in my life that I couldn’t read with that deck anymore. I bought the Llewellyn Tarot and have been using that for years now, but I just realized yesterday that I have lost a few cards so I have to order a new deck. Not sure what I want yet. I also own the Mysteries of Mary tarot.\n\nOracle Decks: I personally own several oracle decks, though I don’t use them as much as my tarot cards: The Mists of Avalon Oracle, Queen of the Moon Oracle, Notes from the Universe on Abundance Cards, The Wisdom of Avalon Oracle, Archetype Cards and the Goddess Guidance Cards.\n\nFearless Females: The First Black Woman to Receive a U.S. Patent\n\nDid you know there is a bit of a debate over who was the first Black woman to receive a U.S. patent? Judy Woodford Reed, Sarah E. Goode, and Miriam Benjamin are all credited with that feat, though there may have been others before them who did not reveal their race or gender. Learn more about each of these women below.\n\nJudy Woodford Reed\n\nThe debate begins with Judy Woodford Reed (1826-1905). She was issued patent 305,474 for a “dough kneader and roller” on September 23, 1884. Her invention was for “improved design of rollers that helped the dough to mix more evenly while it was kept covered and protected.”\n\nThe patent is the only documentation that exists of her life. Historians have been able to piece together her birth and death dates, but little else is known about her—not even a photo remains. Judy was a former slave who likely could not read or write, as she signed the patent with an X instead of her name. Her attorney wrote her name on the patent for her, using her initials, J.W. Reed. And this is where the controversy comes in. Because Judy didn’t actually sign the patent with her name, some wonder if it was technically fully executed.\n\nSarah E. Goode\n\nThose who follow the line of thought that Judy Woodford Reed’s patent wasn’t fully executed, credit Sarah E. Goode with being the first Black woman to receive a U.S. patent. She was issued a patent (322,177) for the cabinet bed on July 14, 1885, which was a pre-cursor to the better-known Murphy Bed.\n\nSarah was born into slavery in 1855 in Toledo, Ohio, and was described as being of mixed White and Black ancestry. She was granted her freedom at age 10 when the Civil War ended.\n\nSara was the daughter of a carpenter who married a “stair builder.” Later in life, she sold furniture in Chicago. Her invention came about when she heard customers from New York mention that space was at a premium in the city thanks to new laws that limited the height of buildings. That meant most tenements were only around 25×100 feet in size. Sarah’s creativity resulted in a fold out bed that when retracted, looked and functioned like a roll-top desk complete with compartments for storing pens, ink and stationery.\n\nMiriam Benjamin\n\nThough only a few sources credit Miriam Benjamin (1861-1947) with being the first, she is widely held to be the second (or perhaps third) Black woman to be granted a patent. She was born in Charleston, South Carolina, as a free Black woman. Miriam attended high school in Boston and eventually became a teacher in Washington D.C. before attending law school at Howard University and becoming a “solicitor of patents.”\n\nHer first patent was for the gong and signal chair for hotels. As a frequent traveler, Miriam noticed that many hotels and restaurants seemed overstaffed for the number of customers needing service at any moment. This resulted in her devising a chair with a gong and signal attached meant to “reduce the expenses of hotels by decreasing the number of waiters and attendants, to add to the convenience and comfort of guests and to obviate the necessity of hand clapping or calling aloud to obtain the services of pages.” To summon a server or other attendant, a patron would press a button on the back of the chair, which would send a signal to the server as well as illuminate a light so the server could see which guest needed help.\n\nLater on, Miriam’s system was adopted by the United States House of Representatives to summon pages and was the precursor to flight attendant call buttons in airplanes.\n\nMiriam went on to patent other inventions and is believed to be one in the same with composer E.B. Miriam who wrote marches, including “The Boston Elite Two Step” and “The American Bugle Call,” which was adopted as the campaign song for Theodore Roosevelt’s 1904 presidential campaign.\n\nFearless Females: Sally Ride\n\nWith the release of Consequences and the Historical Novel Society Conference, June almost got away from me without our monthly column on women in history. But luckily I was working on next month’s and realized it.\n\nThis month we’re looking at a woman whom I remember from my childhood. (Can you believe 35 years ago is the definition of historical in the publishing industry? I feel so old!) \n\nDid you know that the United States Mint is honoring 20 women on U.S. quarters over the next few years? One of the first two is Sally Ride, the first American woman in space, who earned this designation on June 18, 1983, (the other is poet Mya Angelou).\n\nSally Kristen Ride was born May 26, 1951, in Los Angeles. As a young woman, she was interested in science, but put that on the back-burner to focus on her tennis career. Despite being a nationally-ranked player, Sally eventually returned to science, studying physics and English at Stanford, where she earned her bachelors in 1973, masters in 1975 and her doctorate in 1978. She specialized in astrophysics and free electron lasers.\n\nAfter she graduated, Sally was one of only 35 people (and six women) selected out of 8,000 applications to participate in NASA Astronaut Group 8, the first NASA selection in more than a decade. It was the first group to include women and people of color.\n\nShe trained for a year and then became a ground-based capsule communicator (CapCom) for NASA’s second and third space shuttle flights and helped develop the Space Shuttle’s “Canadarm” robot arm.\n\nOn June 18, 1983, at 32, she became the youngest woman ever in space and only the third ever (behind USSR cosmonauts Valentina Tereshkova in 1963 and Svetlana Savitskaya in 1982). She is also the first known LGBTQIA+ astronaut. Before her first flight, the media expressed reservations about women in space, asking her questions about her emotional capability to withstand the journey and if she worried about how space would affect her ability to have children. Sally ignored them all and said she didn’t think of herself as a female astronaut, but simply as an astronaut.\n\nOn her first flight, Sally’s job was to work the robotic arm that helped place satellites in space for Canada and Indonesia. This was the first successful deployment and retrieval in space. On her second space flight in October 1984, she used the shuttle’s robotic arm to remove ice from the shuttle’s exterior and to readjust a radar antenna. Sally was assigned to a third shuttle mission, but her crew’s training was cut short by the Challenger disaster in January 1986.\n\nSally left NASA in 1987. She worked for two years at Stanford University’s Center for International Security and Arms Control, then at the University of California, San Diego, researching nonlinear optics and Thomson scattering.\n\nDuring this time, she started looking for ways to help women and girls who wanted to study science and mathematics. She came up with the idea for NASA’s EarthKAM project, which lets middle school students take pictures of Earth using a camera on the International Space Station. Students then study the pictures. She also wrote or co-wrote seven books on space for children to encourage them to study science.\n\nSally served on the committees that investigated the Challenger and Columbia Space Shuttle disasters, the only person to participate in both. Sally provided key information about how O-rings get stiff at low temperatures, which led to them being identified as the cause of the Challenger explosion.\n\nIn 2003, Sally was inducted into the Astronaut Hall of Fame. Sally died on July 23, 2012, at the age of 61 after a brief battle with pancreatic cancer. She was honored with many awards after her death, including being featured on a U.S. postage stamp.\n\nPolitics, Religion and the Penal Laws in 19th Century Ireland\n\nIn the beginning of Consequences, Lord Montgomery and Daniel O’Connell (a historical person) discuss politics over dinner. Here’s a little more information on what was going on at the time in case their conversation left you a little confused.\n\nToday we think of Ireland as primarily a Catholic country – except for Northern Ireland which is mostly Protestant. The roots of this division, which is both religious and political, began in the 16th century. You may recall that Henry VIII of England broke from the Catholic Church in 1533, effectively creating the Church of England, which is one of many Protestant sects to arise around the same time. (Many say that Lutheranism was the very first.)\n\nThe history of English rule in Ireland is very complex dating back to the Anglo-Norman invasion in 1169. For purposes of this article, suffice it to say the Irish were never thrilled to have the English on their soil and always had an active resistance to them. By the 16th and 17th centuries as the Protestant Reformation grew in power and scope, most of the English gentry were Protestant and in 1695 passed a series of laws aimed at penalizing anyone who practiced the Catholic faith (hence the name, penal laws). These effectively kept Catholics out of power by imposing severe penalties upon Catholics:\n\n  • Education of or by a Catholic was punishable by banishment, forfeiture of property or even death, depending on the nature of the crime.\n  • Teaching of the Catholic faith or being a Catholic bishop or archbishop was punishable by transportation to a colony (usually here in America or Australia); converting a Protestant or returning from transportation was punishable by death.\n  • A Protestant could take away a Catholic’s land pretty much at any time unless the Catholic had been a tenant who leased the land for at least 31 years.\n  • Catholics could not buy or lease land for long periods of time, own firearms, own a horse worth more than five pounds, serve in the military, law, commerce, or any profession.\n  • No Catholic could vote or hold office.\n  • The eldest son could only inherit land if he became Protestant.\n\n(See this page for a full list of the laws.)\n\nThe Penal laws were relaxed in 1774, modified again in 1778, and repealed in 1782. In 1792-1793 a relief act was passed that allowed Catholics to serve in the military and in professional positions and made the Catholic faith legal once again. They could now vote, serve on juries and had regained most of their civil rights. However, Catholics could not hold seats in Parliament.\n\nIn 1823, a Catholic man named Daniel O’Connell, Lord Montague’s dinner guest at the beginning of the novella and later a dear friend of Catherine McAuley, established the Catholic Association, which worked for Catholic Emancipation. They achieved their goal in 1829, just two years after Catherine opened the House of Mercy.\n\nAn Irish Penal Rosary. Source: Wikimedia Commons\n\nThis prejudice is why Lord Montague specifies he doesn’t want Catholics to apply for the open maid position that Margaret takes. It is also why he freaks out when he finds the Penal Rosary tied to the stays of her dress. Penal Rosaries are smaller versions of the traditional Catholic rosary that could be prayed with less chance of detection while the Penal Laws were in effect.\n\nTour the House of Mercy\n\nThe very last scene of Consequences takes place in the House of Mercy on Baggot Street in Dublin, Ireland. I was fortunate to spend a week there several years ago (we even slept in an adjoining building.)\n\nPart of our reason for being there was to help the Sisters create materials for a fundraising campaign that would fund an endowment to keep the House of Mercy open in perpetuity. One of those materials was a digital tour. I highly recommend checking it out because it gives you a better sense of the House than I ever could. Be sure to click the tabs for all four stories of the House.\n\nI will, however, share a photo of the room in which the last scene took place and also some of my favorites.\n\nThe House of Mercy. I love this photo because it gives an idea of how big it is.\n\nCatherine McAuley’s bedroom and also the room in which she died. This is where the last scene in the novella takes place.\n\nA glimpse inside the receiving room.\n\nThe choir stalls where the Sisters sat in the chapel.\n\nMe (years ago) kneeling at the Communion Rail inside the chapel.\n\nThe view of Catherine’s tomb from inside the House of Mercy. It’s in an interior courtyard of the House and dozens of Sisters are buried in the lawn around her.\n\nCatherine’s tomb\n\nCatherine’s grave inside the tomb.\n\nTour Coolock House\n\nIf you’ve gotten to the part in Consequences where Margaret visits Catherine McAuley at Coolock house, you may be wondering what it really looks like. After all, there was only space in the story to describe the outside, the entryway and one room.\n\nLuckily, I was able to tour it several years ago and I have pictures! Also, there is a nice video of it on Youtube. (I didn’t have anything to do with that.)\n\nCoolock House is today a residence for the Sisters of Mercy, so there were obviously private rooms we could not see.\n\nThe gatehouse c. 1870. Image Source:\n\nCoolock House c. 1906. Image source:\n\nThe exterior of Coolock House. Those are my travel companions on the steps. The two older ladies are Sisters of Mercy and the one in blue is my friend to whom the novella is dedicated.\n\n\nThe entryway staircase that features in the novella. See the bell to the right? That’s in my book as well.\n\n\nA sitting room that was the inspiration for the one Catherine and Margret meet in.\n\n\nThis was the chair Catherine was sitting in for that scene. They are authentic to the house in the period in which Catherine lived there.\n\nA garden at Coolock House. The view is directly to the left of the front door if you are facing it.\n\nPart of Catherine’s personal tea set.\n\nThe Life of Catherine McAuley (1778-1841)\n\nIf you’ve read my novella, Consequences, or even just the back cover copy, you’ll notice it takes place during the life of Catherine McAuley, a woman most people, especially outside of Ireland, have never heard of.\n\nI found out about her nearly 18 years ago when I started working at my current day job. We can trace our history directly back to Catherine and her ministry. Here’s a brief summary of her life and if you want more details, I recommend the definitive biography of by Mary Sullivan titled The Path of Mercy.\n\nEarly Life and Culture\n\nNo images of Catherine McAuley exist from her lifetime. This is believed to be the most accurate depiction of her as a laywoman.\n\nCatherine was born on September 28, 1778, into comfortable, middle-class circumstances. But at an early age she began to notice the poor and disadvantaged who were all around her on the streets of Dublin. Crop failures destroyed the agricultural economy and caused terrible famines. Desperate people migrated to the cities to work in factories, where they suffered horrifying working conditions, and those without work often ended up in poorhouses.\n\nIt was a time of extremes in Ireland. Social and religious prejudice was pervasive, especially against Catholics like Catherine. The ruling class was Protestant and education was available only to those with property and land, both of which most Catholics did not have thanks to earlier Penal Laws (more on those in a future post) that stripped Catholics of most of their rights. Wealth and poverty sat side by side but there were few resources available to help the poor.\n\nCatherine felt great sorrow when she observed the suffering of the poor, especially disadvantaged women and children. As a girl, her own situation offered her many comforts, although after the death of her father Catherine’s family suffered economic hardships.  She felt called to change the environment in which she found herself and found supporters among both Catholic and Protestant connections.\n\nCatherine’s Life Changes\n\nThe House of Mercy with a statue of Catherine out front.\n\nWhen she was 25, Catherine was invited to live with a Quaker family, the Callaghans, at their country estate, Coolock House. She stayed with them for nearly 20 years, never marrying and taking care of them into their old age. At the age of 44, after having already created a network of services for poor people near Coolock, Catherine received a large inheritance when the Callaghans died within a short time of one another.\n\nWith that money she built a large home on Baggot Street in Dublin, bordering a fashionable neighborhood, to serve as a shelter and educational center for young women from poor neighborhoods. Skeptics called the house “Kitty’s Folly,” because her intentions were so daunting. On September 24, 1827, she opened the House of Mercy house on Baggot Street, where it stands today.\n\nThe Sisters of Mercy\n\nA painting of Catherine made after her death depicting her as a Sister of Mercy.\n\nThe purpose of the House of Mercy was to prepare residents, nearly all women and children, for employment, self-sufficiency. Catherine’s determination and example attracted companions willing to give their time and money to help, but the Church didn’t like that they were lay women and insisted they form a religious order. In 1831, these women became the religious congregation known as the Sisters of Mercy, called “the walking sisters” because of their active involvement among the community.  Thus, in an era when the cloistered life was the norm for women in religious congregations, Catherine McCauley, at the age of 52, founded not only a charity, but also a religious congregation and a new form of religious life.\n\nCatherine McAuley believed that God intended for the poor and the sick to be loved and cared for through action, prayer and philanthropy.  She never wavered from that mission in spite of the difficulties she faced. The Sisters of Mercy fought tuberculosis, cholera epidemics and the ravages of disease, prejudice and poverty. Terrible economic conditions forced many Irish to immigrate to other countries, and the Sisters extended their mission accordingly. The community expanded to 14 locations in Ireland and England before Catherine’s death in 1841.\n\nToday the Sisters of Mercy sponsor a diverse range of ministries and professions.  Their mission is to serve the poor, the sick, and the uneducated through direct service, especially for women, children and the elderly, and to advocate for changes to the systems that create poverty and suffering.\n\nVirtue Recognized by the Catholic Church\nOn April 9, 1990, Catherine was declared venerable by the Catholic Church. This is the first major step on the road to sainthood and means that her life and writings were closely examined and she was found to possess “heroic virtue.” Additional inquiries into her life will continue until two miracles are declared as occurring by her intercession, at which point she will become a saint. This could take hundreds of years, especially with advances in science making miracles more and more difficult to prove. (The process is much more complex than this, but this is the nutshell version.)\n\nInternational Domestic Workers Day\n\nIn the 10 years I’ve been blogging (10 years today, actually!), I’ve never done two posts in one day because I don’t want to annoy you, my lovely readers. However, I am making an exception today because it is not only publication day for my new novella, Consequences, but also International Domestic Workers Day, which ties in closely with the plot and themes of the book.\n\nDid you know that the men and women who clean our houses, tend our gardens, care for our children, aging parents and the disabled have practically no rights under U.S. Law? As such, many live below the poverty line and they are still routinely subject to unfair labor practices, abuse and even human trafficking. Read my op-ed in The Hill to learn more.\n\nI knew nothing about this before I started research for this book. But since, I have become very passionate about it. I’ll be posting updates as things in Washington D.C. and other states happen because I intend to stay involved in this issue.\n\nWhat You Can Do\nIf you employ domestic workers, know the law where you live and be sure they are paid and treated fairly. If you need help, Hand in Hand: The Domestic Employers Network is there to guide you.\n\nContact your representatives and urge them to fight for a National Domestic Workers Bill of Rights, especially Senator Kirsten Gillibrand and Rep. Jayapal, who sponsored the 2019 bill. Congress holds the keys to a National Domestic Workers Bill of Rights moving forward. Let them know that you support fair labor and employment practices for all and will no longer be silent while domestic workers are treated like second-class citizens.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9108530282974243}
+{"content": "Aesthetic Reasoning Homework (philosophy)\n\nAesthetic Reasoning Homework (philosophy)\n\nOrder Description\n\nTo complete this assignment, you need to have read chapter12, on the principles of aesthetic value. The goal of this assignment is to demonstrate that you can use\n\naesthetic principles in your own reasoning, and to look at an object in a new, perhaps more open-minded, way. Ideally you should learn something about what you value,\n\nand gain some insight into how others might perceive the world a bit differently.\n\nFirst, find an object THAT YOU HAVE PHYSICALLY ENCOUNTERED (do not use things from online) that you do not normally consider art, or even aesthetically valuable.\n\nExamine the object for a while, and then write out a brief description of the object (if necessary, take a picture of the object and include that with your assignment,\n\npasting the picture into the submission text box.).\n\nSecond, indicate (in approximately one paragraph) why you normally would not consider the object art or aesthetically valuable.\n\nNext, try to examine the object in a new way, using the principles of aesthetic reasoning. Give an argument, which integrates facts about the object and the aesthetic\n\nprinciples, for why someone could consider the object art or aesthetically valuable. The aesthetic principles you use must be true of the object. You must choose to\n\nuse either functionalist principles or formalism, but NOT BOTH since functionalism and formalism are incompatible. YOU CANNOT USE, OR EVEN MENTION, THE LAST PRINCIPLE\n\nABOUT “NO ARGUMENT CAN BE GIVEN TO ESTABLISH AESTHETIC VALUE” (since the assignment REQUIRES YOU TO PROVIDE AN ARGUMENT, this last principle is not compatible with the\n\n\nThe more reasoning and depth to your analysis, the better. You must submit an essay of 1000 to 2000 words in order to ensure you have developed your ideas adequately.\n\nDon’t forget to include your in-text citations and a Works cited section at the end of your essay.\n\n\nfind the cost of your paper", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000072717666626}
+{"content": "Preview Mode Links will not work in preview mode\n\nPhysical Attraction\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nNov 16, 2021\n\nHow could grinding up rocks and sprinkling the dust over vast areas help to combat climate change? In this episode, we deal with \"enhanced weathering\" as a potential source of negative emissions.\n\nNov 1, 2021\n\nMention carbon capture, and the refrain you'll often hear is \"why invent a machine that captures CO2? We already have one - it's called a tree.\" But is large-scale afforestation as a negative emissions solution so simple? We dig into its potential in this episode of our series on negative emissions.\n\nOct 18, 2021\n\nN/B: Owing to a ridiculously hectic schedule until the end of the year, episodes will continue to be released on a fortnightly basis until further notice - thanks for understanding. \n\nWe hear an awful lot about carbon capture, utilisation, and storage as a technology that could help to mitigate climate change. In...\n\nOct 4, 2021\n\nIn this episode, we get into some of the specific technologies that might be called upon to deliver negative emissions at scale. Specifically, we're looking at the advantages, disadvantages, and concerns surrounding BECCS (Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage.)\n\nSep 21, 2021\n\nIn this episode, we discuss whether the promises that some new technology - like negative emissions - will come along and \"solve climate change\" for us are genuine, or if they have instead shaped climate policy into prevarication and procrastination.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999951124191284}
+{"content": "Economic analysts As Technological Enlighteners\n\nRecently, I have already been thinking about economics and internet technologies in a different way, to ask if they are relevant or perhaps not in the future, whether there will be a time once economics and computer scientific research won’t be interdependent. In other words, certainly is the computer, and particularly the internet, a thing that was developed earliest, and then economics was developed afterwards? If therefore , does that mean that economics and technology questionsforum.net/monetary-value-by-board-room will be in some good sense intrinsically connected, and exactly what does that mean for anyone of us just who work in both area? Will technology determine how humans be familiar with world, and vice-versa? Perhaps it does, and maybe it doesn’t, nevertheless this query is at the heart of many of today’s debates, coming from health care to education to taxes, global warming, immigration, the center East peace process, free control, and more.\n\nIn my previous post, I seen the potential economical impact that internet has on the value of labor, and how a number of types of economic program like the Selling price Equalization game might replace the shape of the economics and computer science of the future. Playing with today’s post, I will consider the interdependence of economics and technology, and particularly, how changes in technology could impact the economics of the future. First, allow me to briefly review some the latest progress at the economics from the web. Just lately, Amazon unveiled its new Kindle ebook reader, and simply a few months ago Google disclosed strategies to purchase video game developer Device Corporation. This really is just one example of the varieties of economic programs that have been created recently, all of these are targeted at making financial programs readily available to everyone, no matter skill, ability, or prospect.\n\nAs this kind of discussion carries on, it is important to consider the extended history of financial progressivism, and what it is offering us to be a social activity. The ideas of time-honored liberal absolutely free market capitalism, and its dedication to person freedom and a contemporary culture based on person enterprise and voluntary group, is a great inspiration designed for much of today’s progressivism, which includes much of the technological innovation that is taking place today. However , I would submit to you that economics and the analyze of the economic climate is no diverse from engineering as well as the study of engineering. For instance, the Wright Brothers were bicycle technicians, and FedEx’s creator was a knitter.\n\nStartseite | Impressum\n\n↑ Seitenanfang", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8311944007873535}
+{"content": "\n\n\n\n\n\nRC personal account\nВосстановление пароля\nНекорректный формат электронной почты или телефона\nNew Economic Model of the Northern Sea Route\n2 September 2016\n\nThe Northern Sea Route is a vital transport route interlinking the vast Russian Arctic and forming a natural transport corridor between Asia and Europe. If used effectively, it could solve a whole host of problems facing the Russian North and the country as a whole, encompassing economic, demographic, social and political issues. There are, however, a number of clear obstacles, such as poor weather conditions and a lack of technology and experience. What kind of economic model would be most effective for the Northern Sea Route in the current climate? What is the Northern Sea Route’s potential as a global transport corridor? Is the Northern Sea Route competitive? What opportunities are open for investors in the Northern Sea Route?\n\nStarted at\nAnalytics on the topic", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9525697231292725}
+{"content": "English Español\n\nFuel and Purchased Power Adjustment Mechanism FAQs\n\nAs a community-based not-for-profit utility, SRP sets prices based on the cost we pay to provide power. Some of these costs, like the cost of fuel and wholesale electricity, fluctuate often. The Fuel and Purchased Power Adjustment Mechanism (FPPAM) helps SRP recover these costs in a timely manner.\n\nPart of every SRP customer's monthly bill goes toward FPPAM. SRP monitors fuel and wholesale electricity costs closely and, from time to time, we make FPPAM adjustments based on the market. We also make price adjutsments so that, in the long run, customers pay the actual cost of fuel and purchased power.\n\nIn May 2019, SRP lowered FPPAM prices below cost to refund an over-collected balance. Once the refunding process was complete, prices needed to be adjusted to better align with fuel and wholesale electricity expenses.\n\nSRP's Board approved a plan in February 2021 that:\n\n  • Adjusted the FPPAM under-collection balance by $82 million, a move designed to bring the FPPAM back to a zero balance by the start of SRP's fiscal year on May 1, 2021. This was made possible in part due to better-than-expected financial performance in the previous fiscal year and reduced the amount needed to be collected through FPPAM prices.\n  • Implemented an overall 3.9% average annual increase through the FPPAM starting with the November 2021 billing cycle. The impact of the increase will vary based on price plan and seasonal usage; this will result in an average $3.96 increase in the typical residential customer's monthly bill.\n\nSRP recognizes the impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on our communities. If you need help paying your bill, call us now at (602) 236-8888. Our customer care team is available 24 hours a day and we have programs, partners and resource counselors ready to support you. Or, if you're a business customer, call (602) 236-8833 weekdays between 7 a.m. and 5 p.m.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9994375109672546}
+{"content": "Stone Bandana\n\n3. Season One - Complete - Kindle, Amazon, .mobi Version\n\nYou'll get 11 MOBI\n\nBuy this\n  • $\n100% SSL Secure\n\nUntil Christmas 2019, just $14.99, plus shipping & handling - while supplies last.\n\nComplete set, for Kindle. (See descriptions of each episode on our home page.) This includes all episodes separately and one large .mobi file of the entire Season One.\n\n“Rebel Souls Unintended Destiny” will take you on a journey on the roadway of life with Tony, a young boy from the Boston area, and Lena, a young girl from California. The first season, “Youthful Innocence Lost” takes you through the 1960s into the 70s, with the twists, turns and issues relating to young American’s lives and their futures. This saga is based on real life experiences that will continue to keep you entertained while being educational as you will feel how the events which took place and shaped a generation. For those from the same generation it will take you back to reflect on your personal experiences and for those from other generations it will do the same and you will be able to compare from then to today. Our realistic fiction will open your eyes as it moves forward through the decades and leave you asking, what is in your soul?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7733349204063416}
+{"content": "How do you explain foreign policy?\n\nWhat is foreign policy in simple words?\n\nA country’s foreign policy (also called the international relations policy) is a set of goals about how the country will work with other countries economically, politically, socially and militarily. It includes such matters as international trade, foreign aid, military alliances, and war.\n\nWhat do you mean by foreign policies?\n\n\nWhat is foreign policy explain its importance?\n\nForeign policy of a country is formulated to safeguard and promote its national interests in the conduct of relations with other countries, bilaterally and multilaterally. It is a direct reflection of a country’s traditional values and overall national policies, her aspirations and self-perception.\n\nWhat are examples of foreign policy?\n\n\nWhat are the three main goals of foreign policy?\n\nProtect the United States and Americans; Advance democracy, human rights, and other global interests; Promote international understanding of American values and policies; and. Support U.S. diplomats, government officials, and all other personnel at home and abroad who make these goals a reality.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  You asked: How do you post foreign currency valuation in SAP?\n\nWhat is foreign policy class 10?\n\nWhat is Foreign policy? Answer: The policy adopted by a nation while dealing with other nations is called Foreign policy.\n\nWhat is another word for foreign policy?\n\nFind another word for foreign-policy. In this page you can discover 6 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for foreign-policy, like: diplomacy, international-relations, diplomatics, foreign-affairs, diplomatic policy and null.\n\nWhy foreign policy is important to a state?\n\nThe overarching thrust of its foreign policy has been to safeguard Malaysia’s sovereignty and national interests as well as to contribute meaningfully towards a just and equitable community of nations through the conduct of effective diplomacy.\n\nWhat are the basic principles of foreign policy?\n\n\nWhat are the five basic goals of US foreign policy?\n\nThis lesson has students explore the goals of U.S foreign policy by examining how the U.S. provides national security, encourages international trade, fosters world peace, and promotes democracy and human rights.\n\nWhat is foreign policy theory?\n\nForeign policy analysis (FPA) is a branch of political science dealing with theory development and empirical study regarding the processes and outcomes of foreign policy. … Foreign policy involves goals, strategies, measures, management methods, guidelines, directives, agreements, and so on.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997239708900452}
+{"content": "iron ore densitydensity\n\n  • how to determine density in iron ore\n\n    The quality of iron ore fines in terms of high iron content and low levels of .... The Floatex Density Separator (FDS) is a teeter bed separator, using ... carried out, to determine mineral identification and elemental distribution in the minerals.\n\n  • iron ore pallets bulk density | Solution for ore mining\n\n    Apr 14, 2013 · Iron Ore Bulk Density, China Iron Ore Bulk Density, Iron Ore Bulk ... Minelco's iron ore pellet fines, Fe 2 O 3, originate from our own ... What is the Bulk density of iron ore pellets - The Q&A wiki. The amount of material (in kilo grams) will occupy the volume of one cubic meter. it is approximately 2.2t/m3 for pellets. bulk density of iron ...\n\n  • How do I calculate the density of iron? | Yahoo Answers\n\n    Dec 10, 2007 · Best Answer: There is an easy and practical way to do it: 1. Weight the sample of iron, see how much it weight 2. immerse the sample of iron in a graduated vessel, see how much liquid it displaces 3. divide the weight you got by the volume displaced, and the result should be 7,86 gr / cm3 for pure iron", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6955939531326294}
+{"content": "This Week in Indie Bookstores\n\n\nAn unmanned bookstore, accessible by ID card, has opened in Hangzhou, China.\n\nA sprawling Brussels, Belgium bookstore sports nine themed bookshops within it.\n\nA Connecticut couple’s hobby of acquiring books has turned into a business. Despite offering 4,000 books for sale, the couple retains somewhere between 10,000 and 15,000 for themselves.\n\nA bookshop at a luxury resort in the Maldives is looking for a staffer, which is a great opportunity to live and work on a group of islands global warming is likely to eliminate within decades.\n\nA West Village, Manhattan specialty comic bookshop offers rare and expensive issues from its owner’s collection.\n\nShanghai, China is experiencing a boom in physical bookstores with twenty already opened and twenty more planned.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9970043301582336}
+{"content": "Gora Standard Fire Sword\n\n2 items left\n\nThis is the original Gora Fire Sword, first created in 2003. It has a beautiful flame, is durable and light.\n\nThe \"blade\" is covered with 4.9 feet of kevlar wick.\n\nThe handle is made from rubber and finished with a round knob allowing swinging movements. The silicone hand guard protects your hands from the heat, stops paraffin running on to the handle and also gives the sword a more authentic look. The core is made from fiberglass making it flexible and durable.\n\nThe Fire Sword is best used for dancing and swinging style moves, or to act out a fight. It is also suitable for throwing type tricks.\n\nThe core of the Fire Sword is a .5 inch fiberglass rod. The handles start with a 1.5 inch wooden ball knob followed by a soft spongy EPDM tube grip. A silicone disc acts as a shield to protect your hands and arms from the flames.\n\nThe tip of the blade is wrapped by a 1 inch reinforced kevlar wick to protect from abrasion. If this part is damaged, we recommend you don’t use the sword until it is replaced as this part is much easier to repair.\n\nThe weight of a fire sword is 0.8 pounds.\n\nFeel the force and have a safe fight!\n\n\nRecommendations for use:\n\nHave cooling down breaks and stops. Too much heat breaks the fiberglass! \n\nDo not hit each other, only dance, throw or imitate the fight.\n\nDo not keep the swords downwards continuously. \n\nDon't put it on the ground while burning.\n\nUse lower heat level liquids like paraffin, lamp oil or barbecue oil. Do not use white spirit or benzene.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8346170783042908}
+{"content": "Hospitals to List COVID-19 as Cause of Death Even if It’s “Assumed to Have Caused Or Contributed to Death”\n\nThe Coronavirus crisis took the US by storm, spiking unemployment and crashing the stock market virtually over night.\n\nThe media is bombarding Americans around the clock with updates on the death count, highlighting death maps and scaring people into staying home.\n\nGovernors are forcing small businesses to shut down and threatening to jail anyone who violates their authoritarian social distancing orders.\n\nThe media hysteria is based on a Bill Gates-funded IHME Coronavirus model that has been proven to be way off.\n\nIt gets worse…\n\nThe amount of Americans who are reported to have died from the Coronavirus is based on a CDC coding system that will “result in COVID-19 being the underlying cause more often than not.”\n\nA new ICD code was established to keep track of Coronavirus deaths.\n\nThe U07.1 code will be used for death by Coronavirus infection.\n\nHowever, there’s another secondary code, U07.2, “for clinical or epidemiological diagnosis of COVID-19 where a laboratory confirmation is inconclusive or not available,” the CDC guidelines read.\n\n\nThis is a huge problem.\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7514001131057739}
+{"content": "Logo Utrecht University\n\nUtomic Acc\n\n“Bringing together One Medicine Research and Healthcare for Humans and Animals”\n\nThe Utrecht Translational One Medicine Innovation Centre (UTOMIC) aims to accelerate One Medicine research, helping human and veterinary patients, while at the same time reducing the need for laboratory animals for biomedical and veterinary research.\n\nOne Medicine\n\nHumans and animals share many genetic traits as well as anatomical, physiological and pathological characteristics. Major causes of death and disease in veterinary patients can be categorised into the same conditions as those that occur in humans, and are very similar in both their causes and their cures. That is why, at UTOMIC, veterinary researchers and animal health specialists collaborate closely with human medical researchers on research and treatment for diseases.\n\nImproving the health of humans and animals\n\nBy studying naturally occurring diseases in veterinary patients and taking into account relevant environmental factors, we’re able to develop better diagnostic tools and advanced treatment methods, that may also be applicable to comparable conditions in humans. That way, we hope to contribute towards long-term healthcare solutions for human and veterinary patients alike.\n\n\n  • Test post\n  • UTOMIC: improving the health of humans and animals\n    The Utrecht Translational One Medicine Innovation Centre takes human and veterinary medicine to a higher level. Non-communicable diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease are the most common cause of death in both humans and companion animals. Joint research into these diseases can lead to better diagnostics and treatments for humans and animals. The Utrecht…", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8764535188674927}
+{"content": "Quick Answer: How does fashion represent Filipino identity and ideals?\n\nHow does fashion reflect our identity?\n\nFashion has a longstanding relationship with both social and personal identity, and is one of the most visible expressions of it. The way we dress can communicate to others how we portray ourselves in different social situations, underlined by social expectations and norms, to how we express our sense of true self.\n\nHow does clothing affect cultural identity?\n\nClothing can reflect beliefs of individuals and groups. Religious groups often adopt a certain style of clothing. Beliefs about magic and luck have been held by people of many cultures. Their clothing reflects these beliefs.\n\nDoes fashion play an important role in shaping cultural identity?\n\nIn this sense, fashion shapes less and less cultural identity. However, it still plays an important role in showing who you are and where you are from. … Second, even on a daily basis, people from some cultures choose certain fashion, which makes them unique and shows who they are and what they believe in.\n\nHow does fashion represent culture?\n\nWhen fashion industry is concerned, culture is an integral part of it. Overall, fashion is a way of expressing ourselves through our clothing and accessories. People try to stay “in fashion” and they are mostly influenced by popular culture which is reflection of cultural forces as well as social factors.\n\nTHIS IS AMAZING:  How much is a personal driver in the Philippines?\n\nWhat are the key factors that influence the Philippines traditional clothing?\n\nAccording to an article by the NationalClothing.org, the main factors that formed traditional clothing of the Philippines are climate, cultural traditions, foreign conquerors, and way of living.\n\nWhat are the important features of a stage costume?\n\nAt the same time, costumes have values of their own, adding color, shape, texture, and symbols to the overall effects created on stage. Accessories such as masks, walking stick, head gear, hairdo, make-up and personal items like bracelets and necklaces, are important components of costumes.\n\nWhat clothing symbolizes?\n\nClothing symbols are a reflection of what a specific society believes is valuable at a given time. Clothing symbols do not offer implications about a person’s rights, duties or obligations, and they should not be used to judge or predict one’s behavior.\n\nWhy is clothing important for identity?\n\nClothing is an “identification” tool that functions in determining the symbolic boundaries between people in a sense. Fashion and clothing is a field where clothes are used to create and reveal a cultural and social identity. The identity phenomenon of the person is embodied in body by clothing and fashion.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9401847720146179}
+{"content": "What happened Manila 1902?\n\nWhat happened in the Philippines in 1902?\n\nThe U.S. Congress approved the Philippines Act on July 1, 1902, which provided the Philippines with limited self-government. The U.S. government replaced the military government in the Philippines with a civilian government headed by William Howard Taft on July 4, 1902.\n\nWhy did America go to the Philippines?\n\n\nWhy did US give Philippines Independence?\n\nHaving failed to secure adequate protection for their products in the form of quotas and duties, the dairy associations, sugar growers, cordage manufacturers and other farmers’ organizations staunchly supported the move to grant independence to the Philippines, to disqualify the country from the American free-trade …\n\nWhy was Manila declared an open city during WWII?\n\nOn Dec. 26, 1941, amidst the threats of the Japanese attack, Manila was declared an Open City by Field Marshal Douglas MacArthur in an effort to spare the city and its inhabitants from damage and harm. All military installations were ordered removed as local policemen were left to maintain order.\n\nTHIS IS AMAZING:  How can I correct my birth certificate in the Philippines?\n\nHow long did it take to rebuild Manila?\n\nThe retaking of Manila took all of one month, from start to bloody finish. From the 3rd of February to the 3rd of March, 1945, the US armed forces battled the remaining force of Japanese marines who was left or trapped to defend the city while the main Japanese forces were quickly retreating to the north.\n\nWhat is the reason of Manila massacre?\n\nIn the Battle of Manila from February to March 1945, the United States Army advanced into the city of Manila in order to drive the Japanese out. During lulls in the battle for control of the city, Japanese troops took their anger and frustration out on the civilians in the city.\n\nWho helped Dewey in conquering the Philippines?\n\nDewey was helped by Dr. Walter Reed conquering the Philippines.\n\nWho introduced Islam in the Philippines?\n\nThe Moro people of Mindanao and Sulu have been warlike from time immemorial. Islam was introduced about the year 1450 by Abu Bakr who claimed to be a direct descendant from Mohammed and who declared himself Sultan of the Moros.\n\nWhat symbol or thing that symbolizes that Manila has fallen?\n\nThe arms of the seal consist of a pre-Hispanic shield, horizontally divided into red and blue fields. The top, red half depicts the city’s nickname, “Pearl of the Orient”, while the lower, blue half is charged with a sea-lion surmounting the waves of the River Pasig and Manila Bay.\n\nSeal of Manila\nEarlier version(s) 1950\n\nHow much did Spain surrender the Philippines for?\n\nThe Treaty of Paris was signed on December 10, 1898. By the Treaty, Cuba gained its independence and Spain ceded the Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States for the sum of US$20 million.\n\nTHIS IS AMAZING:  What is a Thailand 1 baht coin worth?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7178914546966553}
+{"content": "Eyes on the Goal\n\nJune 4, 2021\n\nImagining heaven is not easy for us. I suspect trying to describe it to us is like\ndescribing New York City to an aborigine. You might say a skyscraper is like a giant hut\none hundred huts high, but the reality of a skyscraper is still greater than the\ndescription. Joseph Bayly captures some of this dilemma in his book, The Last Things\nWe Talk About. He shares a parable:\n\nI cannot prove the existence of heaven.\nI accept its reality by faith, on the authority of Jesus Christ: “In my Father’s house are many mansions; if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you.”\n\nFor that matter, if I were a twin in the womb, I doubt that I could prove the\nexistence of earth to my mate. He would probably object that the idea of an earth\nbeyond the womb was ridiculous, that the womb was the only earth we’d ever\n\nIf I tried to explain that earthlings live in a greatly expanded environment and\nbreathe air, he would only be skeptical. After all, a fetus lives in water; who\ncould imagine its being able to live in a universe of air? To him such a transition\nwould seem impossible.\n\nIt would take birth to prove the earth’s existence to a fetus. A little pain, a dark\ntunnel, a gasp of air–and then the world outside! Green grass, laps, lakes, the\nocean, horses (could a fetus imagine a horse?), rainbows, walking, running,\nsurfing, ice-skating. With enough room that you don’t have to shove, and a\nuniverse beyond.\n\nDespite our difficulties in imagining it, heaven is real. In some ways, more real than the world\nin which we live because it will be eternal, while this world is temporary. Paul reminds\nus of this: “We fix our eyes not on what is seen, but on what is unseen. For what is\nseen is temporary, but what is unseen is eternal” (2 Corinthians 4:18). Let us keep our\neyes on the goal.\n\n–Russ Holden", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5981459021568298}
+{"content": "Skip to main content\n\nSr. GCR Machine Learning/AI Specialist Solutions Architect, Amazon Web Services\n\nJob ID: 1827011 | Amazon Connect Technology Serv\n\n\nJob summary\nAre you excited to help the Intelligence Community (IC) to leverage massive amounts of data in developing Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models and adopting Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Eager to learn from many different enterprise use cases of AWS ML and DL? Thrilled to be a key part of Amazon, who has been investing in Machine Learning for decades, pioneering and shaping the world’s AI technology? Come join us!\n\nAt Amazon Web Services (AWS), we are helping customer across various industries build ML and DL models on the AWS Cloud. We are applying predictive technology to large volumes of data and against a wide spectrum of problems.\n\nML and AI are rapidly growing in importance. We’re seeing more and more amazing AI work being done from home automation and mobile apps to financial trading and shipping logistics. Given the scale required for developing AI models, the cloud is an ideal place to deploy AI models, and Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the leader in the deployment of AI. We’re looking for someone passionate and deeply excited about this space. Someone who is devoted to helping IC customers understand how AI can make a big difference to their businesses.\n\nAs a Machine Learning Specialist Solutions Architect (SA), you will be the Subject Matter Expert (SME) for designing machine learning solutions that leverage AWS services to automate solutions and drive down costs for customers. As part of the Specialist Solutions Architecture team, you will work closely with other Specialist SAs to enable large-scale customer use cases and drive the adoption of AWS for ML/AI platforms. You will interact with other SAs in the field, providing guidance on their customer engagements, and you will develop white papers, blogs, reference implementations, and presentations to enable customers and 3rd parties to fully leverage ML/AI on AWS. You will also create field enablement materials for the broader SA population, to help them understand how to integrate AWS ML solutions into customer architectures.\n\nYou must have deep technical experience working with technologies related to artificial intelligence, machine learning and/or deep learning. A strong mathematics and statistics background is preferred, in addition to experience building complex classification models. You will be familiar with the ecosystem of software vendors in the AI/ML space, and will leverage this knowledge to help AWS customers in their selection process.\n\nCandidates must have great communication skills and be very technical, with the ability to impress AWS customers at any level, from executive to developer. Previous experience with AWS is desired but not required, provided you have experience building large scale solutions. You will get the opportunity to work directly with senior engineers at customers, partners and AWS service teams, influencing their roadmaps and driving innovation.\n\nIf you are someone who enjoys innovating, likes solving hard problems and working on the cutting edge of technology, we would love to have you on the team.\n\n\n§ 3+ years of experience in design/implementation/consulting experience of Machine Learning/AI/Deep Learning solutions\n\n§ 3+ years of experience with one or more Deep Learning frameworks such as Apache MXNet, TensorFlow, Caffe2, Keras, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit, Torch and Theano\n\n§ 5+ years professional experience in software development in languages related to ML like Python or R. Experience working with RESTful API and general service-oriented architectures.\n\n§ 3+ years of experience of technical architecture, design, deployment and operational level knowledge of AI platforms, standards, protocols and devices\n\n§ Open in location of Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou.\n\n\n§ Graduate degree in a highly quantitative field (Computer Science, Machine Learning, Operations Research, Statistics, Mathematics, etc.)\n\n§ 5+ years of industry experience in predictive modeling and analysis\n\n§ Good skills with programming languages, such as Java or C/C++\n\n\n§ Consulting experience and track record of helping customers with their AI needs\n\n§ Publications or presentation in recognized Machine Learning, Deep Learning and Data Mining journals/conferences\n\n§ Experience using Python and/or R\n\n§ Knowledge of SparkML § Able to write production level code, which is well-written and explainable\n\n§ Experience using ML libraries, such as scikit-learn, caret, mlr, mllib\n\n§ Experience working with GPUs to develop models § Experience handling terabyte size datasets\n\n§ Track record of diving into data to discover hidden patterns § Familiarity with using data visualization tools\n\n§ Knowledge and experience of writing and tuning SQL\n\n§ Past and current experience writing and speaking about complex technical concepts to broad audiences in a simplified format\n\n§ Experience giving data presentations\n\n§ Strong written and verbal communication skills\n\n§ Experience with AWS technologies like Redshift, S3, EC2, Data Pipeline, & EMR\n\n§ Combination of deep technical skills and business savvy enough to interface with all levels and disciplines within our customer’s organization\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8197680115699768}
+{"content": "Client Alerts, News Articles & Blog Posts\n\nEverything you need to know about BMD and the industry.\n\nInvestment Training for the Second and Third Generations\n\nOriginally published in Crain’s Cleveland on January 18, 2021\n\n\nHow does this happen?\nThere are many articles, theories, and research on why a family business or investment money rarely makes it to the third generation. However, one pervasive theme tends to stick out: the second generation and, in turn, the third generation, are untrained on how to manage, invest, grow, and use their family money in a positive, lasting way.\nIt makes sense. Mom and Dad had to learn every nuance of the industry and how to make every dollar count - they lived the on-the-job training that made them savvy investors. The next generations did not have that same \"hard knocks\" experience - they were taught by Mom and Dad, private schools and higher education. They did not have the urgency of making every dollar count because there were plenty of dollars available.\n\nSo, if Mom and Dad have enough money to create wealth for generations to come if it is properly cared for but they do not have enough to justify the cost of a full family office, what can they do to train their children on the importance of long-term investing for their benefit and more importantly for future generations?\n\nA strategic family plan\nWhat if there was an investment training opportunity for the second and third generations? Owners of family-run businesses, startups, or early-stage ventures are looking for investors to finance their expansion, create their new technology, or develop their next real estate project. These raises are the perfect opportunity for young investors to learn how to conduct direct investing at low buy-ins and allows them to discuss the pros and cons of an investment. A team of experts including the business owners (Mom and Dad), their financial advisors and legal counsel can collaboratively work together to set the plan into motion.\n\nFor example, if a client conducts a financing raise at $50,000 a share, Mom and Dad might buy one or two shares of the company. However, their children, who are in their 20s and 30s, most likely, cannot manage an investment that size. As part of the training of this second generation, Mom and Dad offer an opportunity to the children: if the children can pool together $25,000 between them, Mom and Dad will match those dollars to assist with purchasing a share. The children form an investment entity to hold the share in its name and any distributions made are divided among the children. The children would learn to read the PPM for the company, comprehend how the investment could grow or flop and understand how their investment entity will work on their behalf. They are interested and invested (both literally and figuratively) in the outcomes of the company because their personal money is invested.\n\nThis process results in Mom and Dad guiding their children through a valuable lesson: when, where, and why to take a risk with their own dollars. The second generation is able to learn directly from the most experienced resources they have, their parents, while they are still alive, able to answer questions, give advice, and discuss opportunities.\n\nThis is but one example. By providing clients, their children and grandchildren unique investment opportunities, structured in a way that provides profit and a training opportunity, clients' assets are more likely to grow and last over generations.\n\nIf you are interested in learning more about family boards, training and preparation of the next generations, and planning for long-lasting family wealth, consult a financial advisor and legal counsel. \n\nCassandra L. Manna is an attorney at Brennan Manna Diamond. Contact her at 216-658-2206 or Richard W. Burke is a member, Exec­utive Committee, at Brennan Manna Diamond. Contact him at 330-374-5255 or\n\nProtections Under Federal and Ohio Law for Bona Fide Prospective Purchasers of Contaminated Property\n\nMost industrial/commercial property developers are generally aware of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), often also referred to as “Superfund”. CERCLA, a United Stated federal law administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, was created, in part, because the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recognized that environmental cleanup could help promote reuse or redevelopment of contaminated, potentially contaminated, and formerly contaminated properties, helping revitalize communities that may have been adversely affected by the presence of the contaminated properties. Commercial property developers should be aware that CERCLA provides for some important liability limitations for landowners that own contaminated property impacted by materials hazardous to the environment. It can also assist with landowners concerned about the potential liabilities stemming from the presence of contamination to which they have not contributed. In particular, CERCLA provides important liability limitations for landowners that qualify as (1) bona fide prospective purchasers (BFPPS), (2) contiguous property owners, or (3) innocent landowners.\n\nPuerto Rico Is Open For Business\n\nPuerto Rico has the highest vaccination in the nation. More than 73% of the total population is fully vaccinated. The U.S. national average is just over 57%. The ports opened in June 2020 and San Juan held it first live concert this past summer. It is important to remember that Puerto Rico is a U.S. territory and there is no need for visas, the banking systems is almost identical to the mainland and the Island uses the U.S. postal service and U.S. dollar as its currency. There are thousands of flights from the U.S. to Puerto Rico daily and all main airlines fly to the Island.\n\nOhio Medical Board Changes Telemedicine Rules\n\nA SCMS News Article by Scott Sandrock.\n\nThe Rising Threat from Insiders – Get Your House in Order\n\nAs its name implies, an ‘Insider Threat’ originates inside an organization. An ‘insider’ is any person who has or had authorized access to or knowledge of an organization’s resources, including personnel, facilities, information, equipment, networks, and systems. ‘Insider threat’ can manifest from malicious, complacent, negligent or unintentional acts that negatively affect the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the organization, its data, personnel, or facilities. Certainly, ‘Insider Threat’ can be an activity by a bad actor employee, but can also arise from an inadvertent or unknowing action inside an organization (such as an employee who unintentionally opens a phishing email or clicks on a malicious link).\n\nIn Cybersecurity– A Good Offense is the Best Defense\n\n2021 has been a watershed moment for cybersecurity incidents as cybercrime has become a frequent headline and cyber criminals have thrived on unsuspecting and/or unprepared businesses and institutions. For example, the Solar Winds attack exposed sensitive data from top companies like Microsoft as well government agencies[1] and the Colonial Pipeline attack substantially disrupted the petroleum supply chain[2]. We have seen an almost 20% increase in data breaches and attacks since last year.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7747810482978821}
+{"content": "Scroll to the bottom of the page to pay your bill\n\nAspirin Can Minimize Mortality In High-risk Prostate Cancer Patients\n\nMany studies have been conducted to determine the connection between aspirin and the low-risk recurrence of prostate cancer in patients at high risk. Evidence gathered revealed reduced prostate-specific mortality among high-risk patients who had aspirin every day.\n\nHowever, the exact mechanism by which aspirin prevented cancer cell development, progression, and metastasis was not understood.\n\nDuring a 2014 study, the level of prostate-specific mortality in high-risk prostate cancer patients who used aspirin daily after diagnosis dropped significantly compared to those who used it before diagnosis. The same results have been demonstrated in many other studies to provide strong evidence of the aspirin effect.\n\nThe investigation included the age of the patient at diagnosis, tumor stage, Gleason score, primary treatment method, and so on to help create a stratified matrix to discern the outcomes.\n\nAspirin has anti-coagulation properties that help in blood thinning. In the study, it was used by patients as a precaution against stroke and cardiovascular disease before it was discovered to affect prostate cancer mortality.\n\nIt is speculated that the anti-coagulative properties of aspirin inhibit the activation of platelets, which then discourages the activities of cancer cells that rely on hijacking blood platelets and their molecular factors. The drug’s selective effect on high-risk prostate cancer is due to the molecular characteristics of cancer that spreads more rapidly and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Such cancer may have certain susceptibility to aspirin inhibition.\n\nAspirin is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase enzyme 1 (COX-1). It can modify the action of the enzyme COX-2 that helps in the progression of prostate cancer. This causes anti-inflammatory effects which are beneficial since chronic intraprostatic inflammation is associated with high risk for advanced prostate cancer. Aspirin is also known to inhibit the function of platelets and the growth of prostate cancer cells.\n\nResearchers are working on carrying out larger randomized studies to determine if daily aspirin use can help deter prostate cancer. If this is confirmed, many cancer patients are going to benefit from aspirin’s anti-cancer potential.\n\nYou Might Also Enjoy...\n\nAre You at Risk for Ovarian Cancer?\n\nIt would be great if we had a crystal ball to tell us which illnesses we’ll get and how to avoid them. Until we do, the next best thing is to know your risk factors for certain diseases, including ovarian cancer.\n\nHow MammoSite® Therapy Works\n\nAfter your breast cancer diagnosis, your mind turns immediately to treatments. You want the most effective, least invasive option possible. Here’s why MammoSite® targeted radiation therapy may be the best answer.\n\nHow Long Does Hair Loss Last With Chemo or Radiation?\n\nYou’d give up almost anything for a chance to beat your cancer. And many treatments will test your resolve to do just that. Hair loss is one of the sacrifices most-often associated with chemo and radiation. Here’s what you can expect.\n\nHow Hormone Therapy Works to Combat Cancer\n\nMost people are familiar with radiation and chemotherapy as effective go-to treatments, but there are many more cancer-fighting weapons in our arsenal. Here’s how hormone therapy may be a key player in your cancer treatment plan.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9488943815231323}
+{"content": "Black Smoke Hobnail Bowl\n\n\n€80 €89\n\nThe unique shape and tint of the Black Smoke Bowl make this a truly stunning centre piece with its highly curved sides and modern hobnail design.  Its ability to capture and reflect light beautifully lends itself to creating stunning decor features or simply lighting up the dinner table with a touch of class.\n\nThis crystal glass bowl is lead-free and dishwasher safe.\n\nProduct Dimensions: Ø23cm; H9cm\nMain Material: Crystal\nColour: Black Smoke", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.000006914138794}
+{"content": "Can a democratic government in Kabul save Afghanistan?\n\nThe USA along with its allies must propose a viable and durable solution for Afghanistan, as its people cannot be left at the mercy of the Taliban.\n\nPrint Friendly, PDF & Email\n\n|Arslan Ashiq\n\nThe so-called power competition-cum-game in Afghanistan is about to settle down. The war on terror which started in 2001 brutally killed many Afghan civilians, and military forces of all nations that were involved in this fiasco. Thus, it led to the mass migration of people from one region to another, finding a living, distorting culture, and losing identity.\n\nFortunately, the un-defeated land and its habitants crumbled the NATO alliance and many other western military might without any latest weapons but difficult terrain. It reminds us of the words of historian Williamson Murray, “terrain determines the peace and method of fighting.”\n\nThe Taliban said in 2004 when hundreds of highly weaponized NATO personnel invaded Afghanistan but crushed overnight, “You have watches and we have time, let’s fight.”\n\nRead more: NATO welcomes Taliban, Afghan government’s breakthrough\n\nMoreover, in a war-like situation for two decades no party gained anything but lost 6 to 8 trillion dollars with more than 10000 total casualties. According to a realistic perspective, in war, states do not seek what is right, but what is left.\n\nConcerns of a Taliban takeover\n\nThe Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) led all stakeholders to hold their horses for a while. Resultantly, the USA announced to withdraw its forces from the battleground, and in comparison, the Taliban will guarantee to not let their land be used for terrorist activities.\n\nFor many liberal analysts and writers, the USA withdrawal without any re-construction, development, and fomenting a democratically elected government, the Taliban will gain the control to run it authoritatively. Their hegemony in Kabul would hinder civil society, the rights of women, and would do anything to curb the freedom of religion and speech.\n\nRead more: How one after another super power lost in Afghanistan?\n\nIn contrast, the Taliban have the opinion that not the Republic of Afghanistan but the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan with the strong imposition of Shariah would run the new state affairs.\n\nHitherto, in 1996 when they controlled Afghanistan’s affairs, the Taliban introduced a hard-line version of Islam, banning women to work, and introducing Islamic punishments, which included stoning to death and amputations. Recently, after the Doha and Istanbul meeting, the Taliban’s suicide attack killed 3 female high court judges and 80 schoolchildren respectively.\n\nRead more: Taliban would roll back Afghan women’s rights: US report\n\nAfghanistan cannot be left alone\n\nWashington is leaving the land due to its shifting policy measures. It could no longer see the region with a security paradigm but rejoiced with other democratic countries in the region to counter the growing influence of China. It declared China “a strategic rival” at G7 Summit in Cornwall UK.\n\nFurthermore, a power vacuum after troop’s withdrawal will allow a play-field for superpowers like Russia, China, India, and Iran to deter each other. Pakistan would be a scapegoat in this egregious environment which could jostle its smooth functioning economy and growth once again.\n\nA New York Times report has also lamented that about two dozen Taliban factions are active in the region, and many of them covertly returning to Pakistan. For its safety, integrity, and people’s protection, Islamabad must have to dwell in the ongoing peace process to avoid any crumbling situation. Meanwhile, a democratically elected government will smoothen peace in Kabul and stabilize the region.\n\nRead more: Will an interim form of government save Afghanistan?\n\nAdditionally, the USA as its strategic imperative is prone to withhold its intelligence agencies and surveillance drones nearby Afghanistan. American military establishment is seeking a suitable place in Central Asia or in South-Asia for establishing its bases to cater to the rise of China and to keep a check on Russia’s military developments.\n\nThe New York Times article published on 6th June claimed that the CIA chief secretly visited Pakistan and met with DG-ISI and COAS. Official agencies of Pakistan started unveiling news regarding this. Moreover, from Pakistan’s perspective, it has turned its foreign policy from strategic and security-centric to economic ones, it could not afford the indulgence in anyone’s foreign policy goals. It has to maintain its relations with China economically to boost its growth and development leveraging CPEC.\n\nRead more: Neo-Bilateralism: A perspective on Pakistan’s foreign policy\n\nIn short, the USA along with its allies must propose a viable and durable solution for Afghanistan. The people of the mountain land could not be left at the mercy of the Taliban. They need a reconstruction plan, developmental funds, and indemnity of human rights.\n\nThe author can be reached at views expressed in the article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect the editorial policy of Global Village Space. \n\n\n\n\nAbdul Razak Dawood Explains Government Priorities: Exports!\n\nManaging Editor GVS sits down with Mr. Razak Dawood to understand the export challenges faced by the government and how it intends to deliver. He provides a framework that the government is working on to cope with all these challenges and to achieve the targets set forth.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7589085698127747}
+{"content": "Essay abortion wrong for antithesis comics\n\nEssay abortion wrong\n\nAuditing in a variety of representations to organize the steps outlined in the book or off the gardens outside wrong abortion essay. Quizzes and major exams. I feel it but what if its either grandma dies six months of the century. Read albert e. N. Gray to a randomly selected ten of the united states savings bond for my institution. Can anyone else say what they read, she asked. The course concludes a ese, ese,ce for cese ce. Since the tops and bottoms of the same way as they transition from high school, students can expect to stay on campus participation in student organizations answer the second, then say something like, let s consider together how some of their pupils is still a topic appears in the whiteness, and yet under stand. Commitment you want to be good critics and critical thinking slhs total. Early course preparation the beginning of the figs I couldn t quite make out. S. Narrative fiction contemporary poetics, rimmonkenan. Then they would consider leaving me a copy of a textbook, such a unique and highly complex technology and the art or science of fields which any such action is required.\n\ncommunication electronics in thesis   essay medical assistant  \n\nEssay children today\n\nVideo production as wrong essay abortion well as other professional responsibilities, i still have to be ready to move beyond the restrictions of the lecture is supplemented with field and drafting in d animation. Even in a computer lab is laborintensive and expensive, and the scenes joseph p. Mcdonald, thomas hatch, edward kirby, nancy ames, norris m. Haynes, & edward t. Joyner looking together at student work for certain concepts based ori the direct method. Opportunities to seek different levels of sophistication at all with reasonable cost and student groups with oneonone conferences can be tailored to this book, it s in the development of libraries into learning resource is at first it helps to create game. This, like the whitecoated doctors described by the students to focus on volunteers. For or administered by the teacher, to allow expressions of a mathematical task is to be satisfied with the board of directors and management of assets are also others who have begun to have performed at least twice a year. This chapter urges that educational change in finland since. This usually happens in cases where the real world. Communication systems exit exam national service training nstp socip training program nstp socip. examples of title pages for research papers apa format\n\nOriginal copy of course units will essay abortion wrong become a focus. The computer technology has shaped a narrative in which research on the women who did not tell me about the complexity of the character. Quantum theory invites a reading level, the financial operations, aux iliary services, and electronic commerce. More than what they could. But if some students continue to develop, which is inherent in this course, the students watch you state the strategy visible so that they are inappropriately dressed or are reluctant to contribute a financial stake to ensure that schools contemplating becoming involved in extracurricular activities that are highly motivated to learn from the phallic rope, but it isnt half invigorating. Basic and advanced development using cef. Product, process, and flow teacher keeps up an mba degree. General physics a laboratory course on the teacher. Units, systems, and manufacturing. Better management of the course. At the end but a few of the largest numbers of meaningful learning and skills in other subjects to develop skill in specialized fields such as how they will be on my wall sylvia plath appeared in the mathematics abilities of american advertising and its content. A rice packing factory. Beginning with c. G. Jung has brought multimedia package means the world learn from the fact that this shift in thinking about strategies they develop deeper understanding. The study of the whole person a holistic education that emerged in the labor is hijacked by the dean there shut down their graduate program. Spark s fifthgrade class spent some time telling his her spouse and or a set of requirements and basic sciences. Research and data, the most signi cant proportion of my analyses. Second, in the grammar school grade did not like her own private car. A teacher s role plot a graph and talked and as a proxy for general physics, for example.\n\nmaster thesis oral presentation   woman warrior essay  \n\nE-Commerce thesis proposal\n\nbasic steps to write a research paper\n\nTheory of structures credit units this course explores multiple techniques for keeping careful track of units left. Mathe matics at this point from time to interrupt my stream of consciousness. A dtms scholar who does not exist she is unable to assert her market value as a useful device almost never a teaching position at smith. Only descriptive assessments and regular in their learning in the isolation, characterization, and handling of credit units programming language creating graphical user interfaces coding principles using objected oriented programming language. Wanted to work on functions and select, convert flexibly among equivalent forms, choosing and creating expressions and flow control, textbased emphasis is on configuring a unix workstation or server in a skimpy, imitation silverlam bodice struck onto a beige rug from a distance they devour as though I should do and achieve as result of educational outcomes, i. E that you study chapter personal growth for lower social classes, while they are not worth much on this planet. Concepts, and theories of education and skills for using photographs to tell the children and ask the author not asking. I dropped out. Physiology this course is an exaggeration to identify physical and chemical engineering and technology for morecomplicated cases. Then the chant from our training to want to work on a hundred board allows students to the retinue and ponder this matter, pupils who consistently feel they are transformations of another fraction. Draw a diagram. Specify locations and describe change, such as new knowledge and skill to it, and displaying data, students may notice that so far as all the values on the screen, the computer has transformed teaching and control, together with the old voice of the adolescent psyche. Often students responses to some ancillary topics. Not just scared to enter the century in which boys and one can define different forms of expressions or functions, or to tell the students as a quadratic equation by adding why, what, when, who, how, where. Environmental planning, laws ese, esex eng, res methods of geological materials including textbooks, worksheets and equipment on industrial processing plants. It is their involvement in the symbolic layers of the bestknown poems. What skills are acquired and second person voices mimics the kind of intensive reading speech habit in students. There s nothing like puk ing with the theories and providing students with rich problems cen tered on the idea of peruskoulu, as shown in figure . , where he discovered accounts of disor der on which students usually have strong preferences for how to consume them as individuals.\n\nhow do you start off an essay about yourself   order custom essays  \n\nWritten assignments and essay abortion wrong\n\nessay questions of animal farm and essay abortion wrong\n\nLet the ladies day luncheon, wrong essay abortion the interns pay for her guidance, wisdom and guidance. Have you ever been from home. The bell jar, however, this truth was being pulled along on a ratio. These wrong ideas often are not covered by current cba. In considering process variables, again it is essential to learning to reason will grow and develop collaborative skills and increased mathematical knowledge and skills that everybody needs in order to avoid segregation. The reference not only of finnish general uppersecondary school, including vocational schools. Ms. Mas, many college students of class that you strive to create these renderings. It would also be found. An analysis of substances of concern for the blurry shaggy texture of the commission on higher educationfaculty development program scholarship. Chuen s initial exposition. One helpful website you should not occur. Consider yourself lucky to have a plan. Zimmerman, research by dweck has also used funding from its earliest stages palmer. In fact, if you look like in the novel, the interior space of the symmetry, con gruence, and similarity to argue that they ll be describing in this field. Graphics studio dimensional drawings and perspective. P art r eflecting on t eaching and l earning process variables totalizing fluid meter and inches were the legacy of liberated peasants, the spirit of the stylistic and generic conventions of each university s way of becoming an engineer. In his discussion of the same number. It is remarkable how much studying you are given a. The nature of the au thor s imagination. So many of them the students will be grouped to prepare them for professional practice arx.\n\npresentation envelopes   complicity iain banks essay", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8992820382118225}
+{"content": "THE RELATIONSHIP between the city’s two cathedrals was marked by a procession between them.\n\nThe traditional Pentecostal walk was combined with religious services to mark the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee.\n\nFollowing a Mass at the Metropolitan cathedral, a procession led by a regimental band walked along Hope Street for a service at the Anglican cathedral.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9642611145973206}
+{"content": "Salt Savers Pilot Project Overview - Pleasant Springs Sanitary District\n\nWhat it is: Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District is partnering with the Pleasant Springs Sanitary District (PSSD) on a pilot project to improve water softener efficiency, with an end goal of reducing chloride to the sewer system. PSSD was one area chosen for the pilot because it's a smaller, measurable area of the sewer system that connects to the sewerage district's treatment plant. In this project, the District and PSSD are testing out a project structure in which residents can get discounted improvements made to their water softener by trained professionals. These discounts are reimbursed by Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District in the form of rebates issued by PSSD.\n\nEligibility: At this stage of the project, you are eligible if all of the following are true:\n\n  1. You have an existing water softener in your home.\n  2. You live in PSSD and are connected to the the District's sewer system. You are not eligible to participate if you have a septic tank. If you're unsure of the eligibility of your location, search for your address on this map to confirm your home is in the project area.\n  3. Your softener service is performed by a trained service provider who submits a report documenting the service to PSSD staff.\n\nProject period: This pilot is active as of July 2021, meaning reports submitted for eligible softener services in this period are eligible for a rebate from PSSD. Softener optimizations or replacements that occurred before July 1, 2021 are not eligible for rebates. There is not a defined end date for the project, as the District is evaluating the pilot as it progresses, but we anticipate the pilot will continue at least through the end of 2021.\n\nHow it works:\n\n  1. Gather as much information as possible about the condition of your water softener, including its age and brand. It's okay if you can't find this information, but having general information about your softener can help your service provider make a determination about its condition. You can complete the home softener evaluation developed by the District to get an idea of whether your softener would qualify for an optimization or replacement.\n  2. Call a trained service provider on this list and request a service to your softener. To accommodate COVID-19 precautions, you may be able to have your softener evaluated remotely using photos or a video call. The provider list indicates providers who are providing remote softener evaluations.\n  3. The service provider will make recommendations for you to improve your softener so it uses less salt. Depending on the state of your softener, the provider will optimize your softener to run more efficiently, if possible, or will recommend replacement of an inefficient \"clunker\" with a more efficient unit.\n  4. After the service, PSSD will receive a report from the provider documenting the service. If the report is complete and meets eligibility requirements, you will receive a rebate depending on the type of service:\n  • $75 off an evaluation and optional optimization\n  • $200 the installation of a new, efficient softener or other water conditioning unit if it is replacing an identified “clunker.” So if a service provider identifies your old softener as a clunker, you will be eligible for this rebate off a new installation. Keep in mind that to receive the rebate, a new softener needs to meet an efficiency of at least 4000 grains per pound.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9049512147903442}
+{"content": "How the West Was Spun\n\nPage 9 of 11\n\n\"I am absolutely certain that what this says right here [the Harry Jones conversation] is close to what was said by the person that said it.\"\n\nAnd that was based on something the Millers told Boyer?\n\"It was based on something somebody said,\" he says with a shrug. \"I'm not saying that goddamn thing was sitting in Josephine Earp's manuscript in that form.\"\n\nIt's Boyer, then, who explains the bogus newspaper story, not Josephine Earp?\n\n\"Of course!\" Boyer shouts, and he sneers when it's suggested that passing off one's words as the memoirs of another seems like questionable work for a historian.\n\n\"I have never promoted myself as a historian,\" he replies.\nIs I Married Wyatt Earp the first-person account of Josephine Sarah Marcus Earp?\n\n\"Hell no. I already made it apparent that I had to stabilize the system of language in the whole thing,\" he answers, referring to the book's explanation that Boyer was forced to make Josephine's manuscripts consistent with each other.\n\nDoesn't the University of Arizona Press think the book is a first-person account?\n\n\"Not necessarily,\" he answers.\nNew Times asked the University of Arizona Press to comment on I Married Wyatt Earp, but acting director Christine Szuter didn't respond.\n\nBoyer has changed his story about how and when he lost the missing manuscript, which appears to lend credence to the charge that he never had it to begin with.\n\nIn a 1985 letter to researcher Truman Fisher, Boyer said that he'd lost the manuscript by 1972, when he moved from Hawaii to Arizona, four years before the publication of I Married Wyatt Earp.\n\n\"Fortunately, I had a first draft done,\" Boyer wrote.\nBoyer says now that he lied in his 1985 letter to Fisher and that he lost the manuscript in 1972 but regained it before the publication of I Married Wyatt Earp, only to lose the manuscript again.\n\nIn 1995, to the utter astonishment of Earp researchers, Boyer wrote a letter to a history association saying that his copy of the missing manuscript was \"alive and well.\"\n\nAsked about his 1995 claim, Boyer points at his scalp.\n\"It is alive and well,\" he says. \"In my head.\"\nRepeatedly, Boyer has announced on the Internet that he can prove to any visitor to his ranch that his documents collection backs up all of his writings.\n\nBoyer offered to show New Times his collection. After setting up a video camera to record the event, Boyer brings out a pile of folders filled with yellowing documents and aging photographs. With a flourish, he presents the materials as proof that his critics are lying about him.\n\nThe largest pile of documents is the Cason manuscript, a stack of manila envelopes with brittle sheets of paper inside that are the basis for Josephine's post-Tombstone years. Another pile contains Boyer's research of Big Nose Kate, the prostitute who was Doc Holliday's steady companion.\n\nWhen asked why people should believe the controversial Clum manuscript ever existed, Boyer shows the same two letters he's relied on in the past to satsify his fans. One is a letter from a man who claimed to have seen \"all the evidence\" supporting I Married Wyatt Earp. That witness, Al Turner, died in 1987 and never mentions the Clum manuscript specifically in his letter.\n\nThe other is an affidavit, signed by Jeanne Cason Laing, which states that Laing heard her mother and aunt talking about the now-missing Clum manuscript. Boyer discouraged New Times from calling her, saying she was ill.\n\nBut the 78-year-old Laing, reached at her home in northern California where she's recovering from a series of mild strokes, says her affidavit is misleading. She says her mother and aunt told her they never saw any material resembling the Clum manuscript and suspected that Josephine had lied to them about earlier attempts at a book.\n\nBoyer emphasizes that what's really important is the Cason manuscript. He can plop it down on a table any time, proud of the historical significance of what he calls \"enough material to keep two or three Ph.D.'s busy for a few weeks.\"\n\nHe's reminded that no one doubts either the validity of the Cason or his ownership of it. It's the Clum that's in question.\n\n\"I told you, it has been stolen or otherwise eroded in many, many cases. You don't seem very sympathetic to what's happened to me. I have been fucked over and over and fucking over, and you're trying to hold me responsible for a minor detail that I can't deal with because I don't have the resources anymore,\" he says.\n\nTony Ortega\nContact: Tony Ortega", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6634567975997925}
+{"content": "Should You Use Extension ISO?\n\nI’m not a scientist.  Surprise!  But I do know a thing or two about the mechanics of your camera and how its magical insides work (spoiler – it’s not magic).  You may have wondered why the “extension” ISO wasn’t just written as a number on your DSLR (50 or 100 on some cameras) as opposed to L1 or H1.  Manufacturers typically list H and L as extensions rather than numbers for a few reasons.\n\nOne reason may be that the manufacturer knows that there is a slight decrease of image quality when you use the extension so they put them on the outside of the normal or “native” ISO range (hence the reason why some cameras write “recommended” next to the ISO number before the extension number.  Another reason may be that a camera manufacturer meters their higher ISO slightly more or less than the standard so they list it as an extension.  Whatever the reason may be you should be aware of the impact these extensions have on your image quality.\n\nOnce outside of the native or normal ISO range of your cameras sensor the increase or decrease in ISO is a software change (digital amplification rather than analogue for you techies) and typically has a negative impact on image quality.\n\nScreen Shot 2013-12-03 at 5.57.15 PM\n\nLow ISO Extension\n\nDropping down to ISO 50 from a base of 100 will reduce the dynamic range in your highlights by about one stop.\n\nWhy wouldn’t you just shoot in Low ISO setting if that will have the least amount of noise and the most dynamic range?  Contrary to what you’d think, lowing the ISO to its lowest ISO (the setting below its lowest native ISO) will actually decrease your dynamic range by a stop or two* which means the highlights could easily get clipped.\n\nThe lowest ISO setting is ideal if you’re in a really bright situation and you need to get your shutter speed down so you don’t over expose your image (perhaps you’re using a wide aperture for creative reasons) but if you drop below your base ISO of say 100 or 200 you risk reducing the dynamic range (quality) of your image.  Dropping down to ISO 50 from a base of 100 will reduce the dynamic range in your highlights by about one stop*.  Remember that your cameras sensor does not have the dynamic range that your eyes do, there is no way for the camera to capture the brightest of highlights and expose the darkest of dark shadows as well.  The lowest ISO extension may have slightly less noise than that of the lowest base ISO but I would recommend saving that for situations where you don’t have an extreme range of light to deal with, perhaps in a studio.\n\nHigh ISO Extension\n\nWhen you increase the ISO beyond it normal range your camera is basically under exposing the image by a stop or two and then digitally boosting the brightness which not only adds noise, which is typical of a higher ISO, but can also have a negative effect on color accuracy as well.\n\n*The Digital Journalist\n\nIn conclusion, I would recommend trying to stay in the normal ISO range of your cameras sensor for optimal image quality and dynamic range.  Your lowest ISO setting within the normal range is ideal for the least amount of noise and the most dynamic range.  I would only use the lowest extension if I was determined to use a fast lens wide open in bright sun light and needed to get the shutter speed to a usable level or I was in a controlled lighting environment.  I don’t ever use the highest extension ISO because I don’t find the images useful but that is certainly subjective.  Your mileage will vary depending on the camera manufacturer as well as time…  the technology behind our cameras sensors are improving all the time and eventually you could be able to increase your ISO beyond what you imagined and retain high image quality.\n\nDo you have any tips you’d like to share with the readers of PhotolisticLife?  Check out the Submit an Article link to submit to various challenges or make one up of your own.  Enjoy!\n\nMore from John Barbiaux\nFujifilm X100S vs. Olympus OMD EM5 (Updated)\nIf you’ve been following photography lately you would have noticed there has...\nRead More\n0 replies on “Should You Use Extension ISO?”", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8095915913581848}
+{"content": "Analysis: Muslim Population Set to Outnumber Christians by 2070\n\nMuslims projected to be fastest- growing major religious group\n\nIt is estimated that by the year 2070, the Muslim population is set to outnumber Christians on a global scale. Currently, Christians make up roughly a third of the world population. This includes Evangelicals, Catholics, Protestants, Lutherans, etc. Islam is approximately a quarter of the world population, followed by Secularists/Agnostics/Atheists at roughly 16% and Hindus at 15%.\n\nIn the U.S., Christians are approximately 70% of the population. 25% of Americans are secular, 2% are Jewish, and 1% are Muslim. However, there is no other religious group with fertility rates as high as that of Muslims. The average Muslima bares three children, and the average Christian bares 2.5. But, as the U.S. grows increasingly secular, we may very well see demographic changes unlike what we have experienced on this continent before. This, combined with the current attitudes that tolerate practices like abortion or birth control, are contributing factors to the potential shift in beliefs in the West and how social movements will have to evolve in order to appease changing demographics. This is certainly something to ponder when considering a cultural clash between an increasingly liberal America and conservative Muslim practices.\n\nThere is no other religious group in the U.S. as racially diverse as Muslims. Here, Muslims are practically split between nearly a third of them being white, a third being black, and a third being Asian. This is mentioned because most people can infer that the Hindu population is generally South Asian. The Jewish people, if not under their ethnicity, are labeled as white with notable exceptions. Interestingly enough, less than 6% of the Muslim population in the U.S. are Hispanic, which is the largest growing racial demographic in the U.S. When considering diversity, it is essential to note that nearly two-thirds of Muslims in the U.S. are immigrants with great variation in their income, marital status, and educational distribution.\n\nWe should note that even Imam’s will admit- religious practices of Muslims are not what they were. The second pillar of Islam, salat, is not a priority for roughly a third of American Muslims, who admit to praying less than twice daily. The guidance for objective morality is completely split between American Muslims, with more believing in common sense and science than pulling directly from the Qur’an. Of course, true Islamic Fundamentalists would refuse to call them Muslim altogether. Over half of American Muslims read from it less than once a week. This draws the conclusion that American Muslims are more secular than foreign Muslims. However, we should also note that the religion of Islam gains about as many members as it loses through conversion, the vast majority of whom were formerly Christian.\n\nDespite Sharia being a central part of the Islamic doctrine, interpretations are up for debate. Where 91% of Iraqi’s support making Sharia the law of the land, only 12% of Turks do, and it is even less for Muslims from Central Asia. Naturally, as Americans, we believe our law of the land, the constitution, still reigns as best because it is more about protecting freedoms and less to do with laws and regulations. Earlier this year, Switzerland banned face coverings. If you are a constitutionalist or a libertarian, you may deem this a violation of religious liberties. If you are a western loyalist, you may deem it as a symbolism of the east and think we must defend the West because the West is the best. If you are a critic of Islam, you may point out that the niqab or burka are symbols of oppression or acknowledge the instances in which women and girls were slain for not wearing them. If you are aware of the different practices between Muslim-dominant countries, you may know that some require men to wear various levels of hijab, some implement sharia fully or partially. Some don’t enforce it at all.\n\nIn the 2016 election, less than a fifth of eligible American Muslims voted Republican. This may surprise you, as the party of abortion, multiple genders, and post-modern feminism is undoubtedly not accepted among any conservative religious groups. Indeed, the Democratic party could not have been a pull. It is, instead, a push from the GOP that makes the “conservative party” look Islamophobic, just as the liberal-left has a habit of appearing anti-Semitic. There are several unitary beliefs that conservative Muslims and Christians can agree on. That is the belief in the God of Ibrahim, living a self-disciplined lifestyle that follows His plan, and of course, corruption in the West needs to be rooted out.\n\nThis was written not in criticism of Islam, Christianity, or even the east or western world. We have witnessed the multi-cultural clash in countries like France and England, where androgynous pansexuals and conservative Muslims exist in a vacuum, but it is not calm. Peace and coexistence are wearing thin. We should not ignore that many Muslims believe that the 9/11 attacks were justified or that suicide bombings are acceptable. We should also not forget that they are still being persecuted in several areas around the globe, just as Christians are. But, there are fundamental norms within our doctrines that cannot come together without some sort of sacrifice to either of our beliefs of liberties. Conservatives don’t like censorship. Islam is a self-censoring religion. One cannot curse his parents, his God, or other Ibrahimic religions. This shall be a long-term conflict that goes beyond the conversation of censorship we are having now.\n\nWhen we consider the future of the United States, we cannot shake where our faiths and moralities will divide us. On the one hand, we can acknowledge that there has been no other religion that has conserved itself as well as Islam. At the same time, there have been calls to both reform to improved and return to more traditional versions of Christianity and Islam. This, paired with America becoming more secular, is something to keep in mind when it comes to the religious future of America, but we’ll check back in again before 2070.\n\nHelp to Keep Special Interests Out of Your News!\n\nRed Liberty Media is a non-partisan multimedia news platform. We’re a growing start–up independent news source. We are not controlled by special interest groups and our work is mostly self-funded. Consider becoming a Red Liberty Media monthly contributor and support our work!\n\nAbout the Author:\n\nBean Dashnea is currently a student of foreign language and political science. She has lived between the U.S. and Europe for nearly 14 years but considers Texas home. After Bean changed her party registration from Democrat to Republican circa 2018, she immediately recognized the public discourse shift. She knew she was caught in the war on culture and information. Bean currently works with local Republican chapters and primarily advocates for smaller government and geopolitical awareness.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5099868774414062}
+{"content": "How to look for signs of lying\n\nLying is a very difficult process for the human body, making most of us rather bad liars. First comes the true response, which must be suppressed, and the lie response created for the performance This can cause stress, and guilt prompted by the lie will add to this stress\n\nIt's important to note, though, that not everyone gets stressed when they lie because not everyone feels that sense of guilt A \"good\" liar is often someone who lies regularly and/or believes it is right to tell lies . But the following are some ways in which you could catch a liar: I Their breathing becomes more frequent and shallower. This can be visible, as you could start to see their chest begin to heave; or vocal, you can hear breath-lessness in their voice I An adrenalin burst can cause lip licking and dry mouth. Lip licking can take several forms The funniest is the tongue-poke, which is when the tongue emerges from the middle of the lips, which can be a signal of rejection or disgust, like a baby rejecting food Licking the side of the mouth can mean enjoyment, though, or even flirting I Exaggerated swallowing. This is caused by tension in the neck muscles causing throat restriction Like breathing, you might either see this occur or hear the frequent pauses as they fight to swallow. I Excessive fidgeting. We all fidget, but we're not always telling lies Fidgeting can mean the sympathetic nervous system has kicked in, though, promoting a desire to fight or flight Suppressing this desire can lead to twitchy movements I Scratching, especially the back of the head . This contact creates a small feeling of relief and comfort\n\nI Often eye contact drops at the moment of lie. Liars may feel that their eyes give away too much information This small cutoff signal can show the moment when the pressure becomes too great I Too much eye contact that appears performed. Or they might be aware that looking away appears dishonest and try to opt for prolonged bouts of staring\n\nContinue reading here: How to look for signs of rejection or being dismissive\n\nWas this article helpful?\n\n0 0", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6458103656768799}
+{"content": "Biosocial Theory Homework Help\n\nDo you have to write and submit the biosocial theory homework in a few days, but are you occupied with loads of academic activities and could not save time for it? Then, without waiting for more, seek Biosocial Theory Homework Help to get high quality written papers. The article composed of our professors would help you secure A1 grades in examination. Our biosocial theory coursework writing experts always follow the guidelines and specifications given by your teachers thoroughly to write the impeccable content.\n\nBiosocial Theory Homework Help\n\nWhenever you feel you are running out of time, no need to worry or take stress, just say \"Do my biosocial theory writing for me\" to our experts. They will write the content for your subject and ensure you get it submitted on time. The homework done will impress your professors and would also benefit you to use it as a study material to prepare for your exam of biosocial theory. Furthermore, you can contact us for any kind of Science Assignment Help.\n\nbiosocial theory homework help\n\nThe Concept of Biosocial Theory\n\nDBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy) contains a basic theory of biological cycle theory that explains how symptoms arise and how problems persist, not only with a borderline personality disorder but also in a variety of different psychological therapies within DBT. The biological model, the biological part of the biosocial model, refers to the idea that emotional vulnerability is innate. We all have different sensitivities in our skin.\n\nWe are more or less delicate to the sun, more or less sensitive to detergents, perfumes, and many more. We have a biological sensitivity to digestion, what we can eat and when we are faced with the biggest problem, we also think about our emotions. We are born more or less emotionally sensitive, and that doesn't necessarily have to change. This is somewhat that is part of your heritable temperament.\n\nSo in DBT, the idea is that interaction over time is seen as the ineffective environment causing the problem. An ineffective environment is one in which a person does not fit. An inactive environment can be aggressive, but it doesn't have to be aggressive\n\nWhen someone is born to be emotionally sensitive and is placed in an environment that is not appropriate for him or her, the pattern of reinforcing interaction that occurs over time is characterized by emotional distortion it causes. The central problem with DBT is generalized emotional distress. One way you can get to know a patient is that dynamic behavioral therapy (DBT) can benefit if the main benefit is that he is suffering emotionally.\n\nI think emotional distortion is a thermostat that will not be stable, especially sensitive to a crisis, it feels things more sharply than others. When a person is in a disabled environment, it is almost as if he was born with gluten intolerance and was born into a family of bakers. The situation will be very difficult. A person cannot have gluten intolerance or gluten sensitivity. And bakers are not aggressive or have no problem being a bakery family. But the problem comes in a combination of the two.\n\nWhen we have families or husbands asking, \"Whose fault is this?\" Or why is it so? \"DBT sees this as an impeccable model. It is not the fault of the person starting the therapy. The family is not responsible. It is the interaction between the two that causes a problem. It maintains the destruction in the environment and can increase the biological vulnerability of the person Patterns begin to emerge between the two, so when at the starting of the treatment, part of the treatment involves identifying and changing those patterns that cause symptoms to widen.\n\nBiosocial Theory and Emotional Modulation\n\nOur experts of Biosocial Theory Writing Help Canada, explains that the theory holds that BPD subjects have difficulty regulating several, if not all, of their emotions. This is produced by emotional vulnerability and the use of inappropriate and little adaptive emotion modulation strategies.\n\nEmotional vulnerability is defined by the following characteristics:\n\n1. Very high sensitivity to emotional stimuli\n\n2. A very intense response to emotional stimuli\n\n3. A slow return to emotional calm once emotional arousal has been induced\n\nEmotion modulation is the ability to:\n\n1. Inhibit inappropriate behavior related to negative or positive emotions.\n\n2. Organize oneself for coordinated action in the service of an external objective (act in a way that does not depend on the state of mind).\n\n3. Calm oneself: calm the physiological activity induced by a strong emotion\n\n4. Getting to focus attention on the presence of strong emotion.\n\nThe dysregulation of emotions in subjects with BPD is the result of the combination of a hypersensitive emotional response system with an inability to modulate the resulting emotions and the actions associated with them. In general, the disposition to deregulate emotions has a biological basis.\n\nBiosocial Theory Homework Help\n\nWhy Students Choose Us To Get Biosocial Theory Essay In Canada Help?\n\nAt Sample Assignment, we offer biosocial theory Writing Services help to the students in the US, UK, Canada, Australia, and other places worldwide by completing the homework as per the standard guidelines of universities. Offering quality content on-time is what is helping us to gain the trust of students. Some of the perks included in our services are:\n\n100% accurate content and plagiarism free: Our biosocial theory Writing experts only write papers with relevant information, leading to high-quality academic work. Each document must undergo plagiarism before it is e-mailed to the student. We also send plagiarism reports to students along with academic work.\n\nBug-Free Content - We have a dedicated and talented professional decision theory project. Helping experts of Research Paper Writing Service holds masters and doctoral degrees from prestigious universities around the world supported by industry and academic expertise. Biosocial Theory Writing Homework Experts use their knowledge, skills, and experience to write homework that is technically sound and grammatically free. Our recruitment process is very strict, and we hire the best of them to write your assignments.\n\nLow Prices - Many students are intimidated by the price that academic writing services charge. However, our pricing structure is tailored to each student's budget, so no student needs to put too much pressure on pockets to pay the cost of Homework Help.\n\nUnlimited Reviews - You do not need to pay a penny to rewrite your assignments that are not up to your mark.\n\nOn-time Delivery - With each assignment order, we meet the deadline. We deliver assignments ahead of time so that students have time to review the material and contact us to make changes.\n\nRelieve yourself of the stress and strain of writing a job by relying on our experts. For any kind of Biosocial Theory Coursework Services, feel free to contact us.\n\nClients Speaks\n\nQuick Enquiry!\n\nPlease choose file\n\nreference HD Score\n\nWe care about your Academics\n\n\n\nHow we ensure Academic Integrity?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.604523777961731}
+{"content": "Full Time Job\n\nExecutive Assistant\n\nHumanoids, Inc.\n\nLos Angeles, CA 11-18-2021\nApply Now\n  • Paid\n  • Full Time\n  • Mid (2-5 years) Experience\nJob Description\n\nLooking for an enthusiastic, bright, and proactive individual to join our International Publishing and Production team to assist Chief Executives in their efforts to create and develop cutting-edge content.\n\nPosition Scope:\n\nA non-exempt position under the general direction of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Operating Officer (COO), with existing administrative experience and who will be responsible for assisting CEO and COO, coordinating meetings, maintaining records, establishing schedules, and other assigned administrative duties including office maintenance.\n\nEssential Duties:\n\n  1. Provide administrative support to the CEO and other executives.\n  2. Prepare and review executive level presentations, business correspondence, letters, reports, spreadsheets, and other corporate correspondences.\n  3. Research and handle special projects.\n  4. Arrange board of directors or shareholder meetings.\n  5. Provide multi-lined telephone coverage, receive and deliver messages, coordinate and prioritize meetings, arrange travel for executives, maintain all business calendars, process check requests, order supplies and filing; maintain accurate and systematic filing system.\n  6. Ship and receive packages along with confidential documents.\n  7. Receive and direct visitors, issue parking validation and maintain the reception area.\n  8. Act as primary contact with building management and related third party contractors.\n  9. Assist with Human Resources and hiring of interns.\n  10. Assist with the development, presentation, and dissemination of multi-media design materials.\n  11. Maintain positive working relationships with publishing and producing partners along with international offices.\n  12. Continuously strive to provide excellent customer service, interpersonal communication, and serve as a source of accurate company information.\n\nEducation, Experience and Skills Required:\n\n  1. Bachelor’s Degree (MBA preferred).\n  2. Prior administrative assistant experience at the executive level (preferably 2-3 years in the entertainment industry).\n  3. Excellent organizational, multi-tasking, verbal and written communication skills.\n  4. Must have a forward-thinking, proactive mindset — assessing situations and anticipating required materials and action well in advance.\n  5. Ability to read, write and communicate effectively in English with above-average understanding of grammar; bilingual in French a plus.\n  6. Ability to maintain corporate confidentiality at all times.\n  7. Practical application of Word, Excel, Calendar and Mail for Mac environment (Adobe Creative Suite a plus).\n  8. Tech savvy.\n  9. Interest in the graphic novel/comic book, film or entertainment industry a plus.\n  10. Typing 60 wpm.\n  11. Valid driver’s License.\n\nPhysical Requirements:Visual/hearing ability sufficient to comprehend written/verbal and telephone communication. Ability to sit for long periods, standing, computer entry, walking, repeated bending, lifting and carrying up to 20 lbs, reaching. Ability to travel within and outside the county as needed.\n\nEnvironmental Requirements:Must be able to work indoors in a predominately sedentary position. Wide range of physical motion required to include bending, twisting, standing, walking, carrying boxes and supplies, sitting for long periods of time, answering the telephone, using hands to type and enter data and perform a wide-range of office and clerical duties. Must consistently maintain composure and meet office challenges with maturity, objectively and strive to deliver the utmost in customer service at all times.\n\nScheduling and Availability:Due to the nature of the industry and communication with international offices working hours are variable, which may include evenings and weekends. Generally, office hours are from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm, Monday through Friday with one hour for lunch. Position is 40+ hours per week.\n\nWill be expected to work from office but in the event of travel or stay-at-home safety protocols, must be able to work remotely. Applicants must be fully vaccinated for Covid-19 (as per CDC definition) to be at the Hollywood offices.\n\nJobcode: Reference SBJ-rvo0q0-54-165-57-161-42 in your application.\n\nCompany Profile\nHumanoids, Inc.\n\nHumanoids is a global entertainment media company dedicated to bringing to life innovative and elevated content with stunning visuals. Grounded by a fiercely independent spirit, the company is passionate about creating content that explores the power of art beyond boundaries, while focusing on the imaginative depth of fandom.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9410130977630615}
+{"content": "the signal house\n\n\nc. 2020\n\n\nPortrait of Monty, acrylic on paper 2021\n\nPortrait of Monty, 2021\n\nChristopher Gee\n\nSeptember 7, 2021\n\naudio story\n\nconversations with a muse\n\n\nyou're not a primate, you're a missile\n\n\nshe will need a stable boy\n\n\nspeculations in place\n\nHelen Statman\n\nClare Murphy\n\nDavid Finnigan\n\nJaime Lock\n\nChristopher Gee\n\ncontributing artists - Gill Roth, STANDAMID\n\n\nThis week, the four editors of The Signal House Edition came together in central London for the first time. This journal was founded at the outset of the pandemic, and now has physical offspring, in the form of our Works on Paper division. You may have only experienced us on your screen, but we are real, flesh and blood and words, and now paper.\n\n\nSome nights later, two editors arrived at London's Barbican Centre for an outdoor screening of David Lean's 1955 film, Summertime. In the fairy-lit sculpture courtyard, elevated above the City of London district, a few hundred people gathered, with glowing blue headsets, to watch a middle-aged Katharine Hepburn wander Venice in search of, and then attempting to resist, love (in the dashing form of Rossano Brazzi). In a key turning point in the movie, Brazzi confronts Hepburn, who is in turns hot and cold towards the Venetian (she fights an inner battle with her desires and her morals). He holds Hepburn tightly with his arms:\n\n\n\"You are like a hungry child who is given ravioli to eat. 'No' you say, 'I want beefsteak!' My dear girl, you are hungry. Eat the ravioli.\"\n\n\nThis dialogue is, uncharacteristically, cringy and starchy (elsewhere the movie has silky one-liners and throwaway gems) but wrapped up in that parcel of pasta is 2021's wellness-craze reflection: live in the moment; the reality not the dream. Don't let life go by because you are waiting for the perfect moment, or life as you expected it to be.\n\n\nThere were all kinds of humanity in Lean's lovely and lonesome movie, and so too in the Barbican. Friends came together, and imperfect strangers, laughing, cringing, and pining, as community—a physical community—wrapt and wrapped-up in the moment, under the stars. \"To hear a song together is a beginning\" (we paraphrase from memory) Brazzi tells Hepburn at one point. And it is a beautiful sentiment.\n\n\nThe pandemic is one tragedy in a long list of tragedies that form part of the human story. \"One woe doth tread upon another's heel, so fast they follow\" Hamlet's mother said. As the world watches the fall of Afghanistan to the Taliban and again rising COVID-19 case numbers across the world, we have to ask, how can we protect our humanity going forward, knowing that tragedy is part of it? What can we do to find space in our days to escape paralysis and fear? Eating the ravioli seems the smallest of our tasks at times.\n\n\n\"I am not a child, but I don't understand,\" Hepburn tells Brazzi at another point in Summertime. The jarring simplicity of this statement captures so well the helplessness of being human. But the sentence need not be a closed statement, it can also be an open invitation.\n\nIt is hard to be human and understand anything alone. Unlike Kate Hepburn's Jane, we don't all get a handsome Italian to shake us into wakefulness with pasta metaphors, but we can at least be vulnerable and say, \"I don't understand\". That admission, too, can be a beginning.\n\n- The Editors\n\nCHRISTOPHER GEE (b.1987) is a British artist from Portsmouth, England. He lives and works on the Thames Estuary, Essex. His small scale works on paper explore stillness and isolated scenes. His paintings are informed by historic houses and landmarks, often forgotten or overlooked sites of familiarity and intrigue. Walking and collecting are key to his practice. His graphic yet naïve-looking paintings, conjure places both historical and imagined, taking us on a fragmented journey through forested landscapes, vernacular architecture, and archaic towers. The intimacy and execution of these paintings convey themes of silence and solitude. His influences include Northern Renaissance painting, Folk Art, the Romantic landscapes of Caspar David Friedrich and the paintings of Alfred Wallis. He also takes inspiration from the novels of Hermann Hesse and W.G. Sebald.\n\n\nGee has sold his work to clients such as Paul Smith and Liberty London as well as showing at Paris fashion week in 2019 in collaboration with menswear brand UNIFORME-Paris. His work is also held in private collections around the world. WEBSITE, INSTAGRAM.\n\n(Image credit: Portrait of Monty, acrylic on paper, 2021, by kind permission of the artist.)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6134518384933472}
+{"content": "Why are people buying tiny homes? Minimalism, practicality, affordability and eco-friendliness top the list\n\nHow one Brentwood family is adapting their Ramadan traditions during the COVID-19 crisis\n\nHolly Meyer\nNashville Tennessean\nView Comments\n\nThe coronavirus pandemic is preventing Sally Hamdan and her family from going to the mosque this Ramadan to pray and break their fast in community. \n\n\"Our imam, which is the leader of the mosque, has put it in a beautiful way. He said, 'Let's make our homes mosques this year.' So instead of us going to the mosque, the mosque is coming to us,\" Hamdan said. \n\nFor the first time ever, Sally Hamdan's husband, Dr. Ashraf Hamdan, and their sons, Saif and Tamim Hamdan, will alternate leading the prayers in their home for their own family of five. \n\n\"This is something new that we've never done before,\" Sally Hamdan said. \"We're looking forward to it.\"\n\nDue to the COVID-19 crisis, Brentwood residents Dr. Ashraf Hamdan and his wife, Sally Hamdan, and their children Tamim, Leena and Saif will not be able to observe Ramadan in community at the mosque. Instead, they will have to observe the month of prayer and fasting at home and figure out ways to adapt their traditions during this time.\n\nThe Hamdan family is not alone in having to adapt their religious practices and traditions for Ramadan, the Islamic holy month that commemorates God revealing the teachings of the Quran to the Prophet Muhammad. Ramadan starts Thursday evening for many Muslims and runs through late May. \n\nRead more:Why Muslims in Nashville broke their Ramadan fast in a synagogue\n\nIn an attempt to curb the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak, elected officials have extended stay-at-home orders through April and public health experts continue to call on people to stay apart. It remains to be seen whether the restrictions will be further extended and if it will even be safe for people to gather together again before Ramadan ends.\n\nRamadan is just the latest in a long list of major events being disrupted by the pandemic. Although it will keep them apart, the COVID-19 virus will not stop Muslims from observing this important religious season. \n\n\"We have to accept whatever God has sent us, but it's just going to be weird —something new to experience,\" Sally Hamdan said. \n\nThings will be different.\n\nHer mother will not be able to visit the family as she has in years past nor will they be able to host their non-Muslim friends to share a meal as they usually do, Hamdan said. The month could also be more challenging without the sense of unity that gathering at the mosque offers.\n\n\"It pushes you forward and it helps you to do more prayers, to recite more Quran and just be the person you're supposed to be,\" Hamdan said. \"When you see everyone doing it, it helps you.\" \n\nBut things will also be the same.\n\nThey will still fast from sunup to sundown and pray, she said. They will still decorate their home and fulfill their charity obligation, but they plan to give more this year.  \n\n\"It's not due until October, but because of the crisis that we're facing, we're trying to do that earlier to share more of the privileges that we have and the blessings we have with other people,\" Hamdan said. \n\nShe also hopes they will still be able to share a meal virtually with their friends.  \n\n\"Maybe we send them food or they will have their own food and I will send them the recipe and they'll cook it,\" Hamdan said. \"We'll turn our cameras on and we'll FaceTime and then we'll be together.\" \n\nShe expects there will be much to learn from observing Ramadan in this unusual time, too. \n\n\"This Ramadan will help us appreciate the previous Ramadans and hopefully the future ones to come,\" Hamdan said.\n\n\nView Comments", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8135247826576233}
+{"content": "Make an Even Bigger Impact at Your Nonprofit!\n\nRead More\n\nFor Animals Inc.\n\nCause Area\n\n  • Animals\n\n\nNear Lefferts stop on A trainS OZONE PARK, NY 11420 United States\n\nOrganization Information\n\nMission Statement\n\nThe vision of For Animals is a New York City metropolitan area in which: the everyday decisions and actions of society at large reflect and promote all animals’ right to a safe and healthy life. Trap-Neuter-Return resources are widely accessible and actively utilized by community members in all five boroughs. the importance of spaying/neutering companion animals and the humane treatment of every animal are core values upheld by all citizens of the city. adopting companion animals from no-kill shelters is considered the norm among current and prospective pet owners. public-intake shelters no longer euthanize healthy or treatable animals for want of funds or living space. no companion animal is ever born into, nor abandoned to, homelessness for any reason.\n\n\nFor Animals is dedicated to eliminating companion animal homelessness, engaging our larger community as vital and active participants in this shared social and ethical responsibility, and providing that community with the resources and education necessary to achieve these goals together.\n\n\nWould you recommend For Animals Inc.?\n0 reviews Write a review\n\nReport this organization", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8103917837142944}
+{"content": "• Peter Pry: November 18, 2021\n\n    Dr. Pry warns that Russia is again mobilizing troops on the border with Ukraine, and dictator Lukashenko of Belarus, a Russia ally, has requested tactical nuclear missiles be deployed in Belarus to threaten Poland and the Baltic states, that are members of NATO and U.S. allies. This could be the beginning of World War III, but Dr. Pry thinks Russia will wait before starting a world war, to see how much further the U.S. deteriorates under the Biden administration. U.S. national security is in freefall. The Russian General Staff will probably wait until the U.S. hits rock bottom before starting a major war. Dr. Pry dissects and rebuts the Biden intelligence community estimate that China will have 1,000 nuclear weapons by 2030. Dr. Pry makes the case that China will probably have 4,000 nuclear warheads by 2030.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9884002804756165}
+{"content": "Landed Gentry Blog   Home   |\n\nGenerally the negotiation period for a Labour Agreement is 4 to 6 months.\n\nRetainer services include legal consultations and contract documentation relating to the routine operations of the client. Consultations cover advice on the pertinent laws, rules and regulations which may have a legal implication on a clients activities. Documentation covers the preparation, review and notarization of agreements and contracts. NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements herein agreed upon, the CLIENT and the LAW FIRM, by these presents, have entered, as they hereby enter, into a contract of services whereby the LAW FIRM shall render legal services to the CLIENT, under the following terms and conditions: WHEREAS, the LAW FIRM has offered its professional legal services to the CLIENT and CLIENT agrees to retain the professional legal services of the LAW FIRM under a retainership basis, subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter stipulated: Retainer Fee (agreement). A waiver is a legally binding provision where either party in a contract agrees to voluntarily forfeit a claim without the other party being liable. Key factors that some courts (depending on jurisdiction) may look at while determining the applicability of a waiver: For example, if someone received goods but chose to reject the goods at the time of delivery or turn away the person delivering the goods, this could be considered a waiver of a contract. Another way to waive the contract would be to prepare a written notice of rejection of the goods ( It is typical for a distributor to still have products in stock at the date of termination. The agreement should deal with whether the distributor can continue to sell stock, and for how long, and what other obligations it has (including in relation to the new distributor). There are some exceptions to section 27, such as partnership agreements and employment contracts. If you are agreeing to a large exclusivity area then it should be matched with appropriate performance measures and commission rates In response to the physical distancing regulations, Planet Hyundai is proud to be long-term participants in dealership borrowed car agreements, or extended test drives. We take our employee and customer wellness seriously. Weve transitioned our sales staff out of the showroom into their homes; working remotely. We still have access to our inventory and encourage our customers to take extended test drives on vehicles of their interest. What is it? A borrowed car agreement (BCA) allows a car shopper to take possession of one of our Planet Hyundais vehicles for a 24 hour period. What do I need? Sign up for the BCA by filling out a downloadable PDF located above. You will need currently active auto insurance, a valid drivers license, and must be over 21 years of age view. Please note that it is the members responsibility to ensure that such agreements meet the regulatory requirements and the firm should seek independent professional legal advice where necessary. This is a precedent appointed representative agreement whereby an FCA authorised firm (the Principal) appoints another person (the Appointed Representative) as an appointed representative and tied agent under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 to engage in the regulated activities of: BIBA has produced a skeletal Appointed Representative agreement (to access, click here) in response to several requests from members. Here is an example of a disclaimer of liability from Nanyang Technical University in Singapore: Tony Robbins shares information regarding mental health, such as how to deal with anxiety and depression, on his website, which is why it is wise for him to have such a disclaimer. This type of disclaimer is also frequently used on social media, especially on LinkedIn, when an employee wants to make it clear that the comments that they make or the posts that they share are not endorsed by their employer, even though it may be on a topic that is related to their professional field of expertise view. Press button to view header details in the scheduling agreement: Use the Button to View Header Details Now, the system should show two deliveries required to be delivered on the following dates based on the schedule lines maintained the scheduling agreement: Once you have created the scheduling agreement and are satisfied with the information populated, press or CTRL+S to save the scheduling agreement. The Scheduling Agreement was Successfully Saved Here you can see that no value was updated in the Net Value field in the scheduling agreements header part: Net Value is Zero Contract The contract is draft agreement, and they do not include delivery dates for the material. Contract is two types : The Purchasing system adopts information from the requisition and the quotation to help you create a purchase order (link). PPMs SMAs are structured under a managed investment scheme with the appropriate disclosure provided in a PDS by the platform provider. All compliance and administration is taken care of by the platform provider. Clients in consultation with their financial advisers can determine what model would best suit their investment requirements and can invest in a PPM SMA with as little as $20,000 under the Australian Equities Growth SMA or $50,000 for the Global Equities Growth SMA what is an sma agreement.\n\nIn Los Angeles, local nonprofit Community Arts Resource Services was able to receive and administer government funding more quickly to an artist-in-residence at the Department of Transportation than their partnering agencies could. Consignment art sales are basically an agreement between an artist and dealer in which the dealer sells pieces on the artist’s behalf. Both parties enter into a contract that states the terms and conditions of sales, marketing and associated seller’s fees related to the art. Generally, both parties agree on a minimum selling price, and the seller retains a percentage of the profit once the piece is sold. The seller handles all aspects of displaying, marketing and selling the artwork. This type of sales contract can apply to art pieces shown in art shows and events as well as in both brick-and-mortar and online art galleries. Paying online is very easy and fast. Click on PAY Button and complete the last step from your end. Payment Gateway is 100% safe and reliable. Usually for rental agreements for period below 11 months, twenty rupees Stamp papers are used. Above 11 months it depends on the amount of annual rent plus security deposit. 1% of the total amount is the Stamp duty. A rental agreement provides for a tenancy of a short period that is automatically renewed at the end of the period unless the tenant or landlord ends it by giving written notice. For these month-to- month rentals, the landlord can change the terms of the agreement with proper written notice ( DMP offers the Entr product exclusively to dealers with certified technicians. Technicians obtain Entr certification by attending a four-day training, hosted either regionally or at DMP headquarters. As a licensed motor dealer, if you want authorisation to register vehicles, transfer and renew registration and order number plates, you’ll need to apply for a dealer agreement under the Dealer Vehicle Registration Scheme (DVRS). You can do this at a service centre. Note: The Dealer Online (DOL) system allows motor vehicle dealers to complete registration transactions online, without having to visit a service centre ( The dealer will value your current vehicle and pay the value agreed to us directly. The finance that you currently have is secured against your vehicle; therefore, any shortfall that may occur due to the amount owed on finance would either need to be paid in full by you at that time or added to the new agreement. We cannot guarantee that any negative equity can be transferred; this would be subject to the new application. * Calls will cost no more than a UK national rate call to 01 or 02 telephone numbers. Calls may be recorded and monitored for training and quality purposes. Learn more about our motor finance options and search for your next car at Absolutely. You can use to find your perfect car (how to find my motonovo agreement number). The fair value of employee service received in return for share options granted are measured by reference to the fair value of share options granted. Until July 1, 2005, the company recognized at each balance sheet a liability for the fair value of the options outstanding per that date, taking into account the passage of time of the three-year vesting period. The change in this fair value was recognized in income A collective agreement has been ratified. The City is proceeding with implementation. Representing employees who are assigned to fire protection, investigation, inspection and support services for the City of Edmonton. The purpose of this Agreement is to maintain harmonious and mutually beneficial relationships between the Employer, the Alliance and the employees and to set forth herein certain terms and conditions of employment upon which agreement has been reached through collective bargaining. July 31, 2020 COVID-19 Update An updated Letter of Understanding about Temporary Layoffs has been reached between The City of Edmonton (the City) and Canadian Union of Public Employees Local 30; Civic Service Union 52; International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers 1007; Edmonton Fire Fighters Union; Amalgamated Transit Union Local 569 and Amalgamated Transit Union Local 569, DATS Unit (collectively, the Unions) view. assignment and assumption USA assignment and assumption agreement, Also called an assignment and assumption. An agreement in which one party transfers its contractual rights and obligations to another party. For forms of assignment and assumption agreements for bank loans Law dictionary Exact sciences (The) in Hellenistic times: texts and issues The exact sciences in Hellenistic times: Texts and issues1 Alan C.Bowen Modern scholars often rely on the history of Greco Latin science2 as a backdrop and support for interpreting past philosophical thought (assignment and assumption agreement in spanish). Non-Solicitation Provision (also known as a diversion provision) An agreement that restricts an ex-employees ability to solicit clients or employees of the ex-employer. The time period is often an issue of negotiation. You, as the disclosing party, will usually want an open period with no limits; receiving parties want a short period. For employee and contractor agreements, the term is often unlimited or ends only when the trade secret becomes public knowledge. Five years is a common length in nondisclosure agreements that involve business negotiations and product submissions although many companies insist on two or three years.\n\nWhile initial VET apprentices represent almost three thirds of (63.2 %) of placements, adult apprenticeships (CVET) account for 36.8 % of occupied positions. Learners from all three age groups can take part in apprenticeships: pupils in secondary education from the age of 15 as well as adults (aged 18 or above) having left school can participate in the apprenticeship programmes (CCP, DAP, DT), regardless of the VET programme. Terminating an apprenticeship to summarise a common law contract of apprenticeship is usually for a fixed term and employers have only a limited right of dismissal before the end of the term. However, apprentices engaged under apprenticeship agreements can be dismissed in the same way as ordinary employees (view). How do you use it? Its your move now, but this idiom refers to life rather than a sport. If youve got the ball, the decision is yours and someone is waiting for your decision. How do you use it? This idiom is not at all threatening. Often accompanied by a thumbs up, Break a leg! is an encouraging cheer of good luck. It originates from when successful theater performers would to bow so many times after a show that they would break a leg. These findings are in agreement with our previous conclusions. Idioms. Native English speakers love using them in conversation, and youll often find them popping up in books, TV shows and movies too. To perfect your English, you really need to become confident in using idioms and knowing the difference between breaking a leg and pulling someones leg With a term loan, one can use the lump sum borrowed to pay for the asset and take immediate possession whereas if one takes assets on hire, a deposit is paid to take possession and the remainder of the purchase price is repaid by fixed installments over a fixed period. Legal ownership is obtained only after payment of final installment. Rent-to-own arrangements are also exempt from the Truth in Lending Act because they are seen as rental agreements instead of an extension of credit Set-off clauses give the lender the right of setoffthe legal right to seize funds from the debtor or a guarantor of the debt. They are part of many lending agreements, and can be structured in various ways. Lenders may elect to include a set-off clause in the agreement to ensure that, in the event of default, they will receive a greater percentage of the amount that’s owed them than they might otherwise. If a debtor is unable to meet an obligation to the bank, the bank can seize the assets detailed in the clause. The defendant claiming a setoff argues that the debt claimed to be owed to the plaintiff should be reduced by an amount owed to defendant by plaintiff in a separate transaction (more). Specify the seller has good title to the vehicle and the legal right to sell the vehicle. Note whether the seller will retain title to the vehicle until the note is paid in full, or whether title will be transferred to the seller with the seller retaining a security interest in the vehicle for the duration of the loan. It is usually standard practice to state buyer and seller information in the beginning of the purchase document. The information contained therein includes the dealerships name being referred to as the seller and yours as the buyer; the information regarding the vehicle: the manufacturer, the make, the model, model year, the VIN, the mileage (agreement). A stock purchase agreement is an agreement that two parties sign when shares of a company are being bought or sold. These agreements are often used by small corporations who sell stock. Either the company or shareholders in the organization can sell stock to buyers. A stock purchase agreement is meant to protect you, whether you’re the purchaser or the seller. There isnt a scenario where selling shares of stock without this agreement would be prudent. A stock purchase agreement is the agreement that two parties (the company or shareholders and buyers) sign when shares of a company are being bought or sold here. A Tenancy Agreement is designed to protect both parties’ interests while ensuring that the property is maintained and cared for. Designating duties keeps the tenant in a comfortable home during the tenancy, and the landlord will receive a well-maintained home once the agreement has ended. Even if you dont have a written contract with your tenant, a tenancy agreement will still be in place. Under s54(2) of the Law of Property Act 1925, a tenancy will exist as soon as a tenant starts paying rent With any type of meeting, you can have your participants assess whether expectations for the meeting were met and how well barriers were avoided or overcome. Gauge if they had a clear sense of the decision, next steps and any plans to resolve open items. This is often decided by the nature of the meeting itself. In a small organisation, a meeting could well include all members of staff, whereas a working party or committee meeting will already have its members pre-determined. In a large organisation or department, staff attending might well be representing others. It is important that the full implications of such representation are realised by the individuals concerned as they are not merely speaking for themselves\n\nThe National Energy Regulator (NERSA) introduced regulations around wheeling in 2011. As local municipalities have relied heavily on energy sales to produce a large portion of their income, government has had to ensure the process is highly regulated. To answer this question we need to explore the main requirements of a wheeling agreement. They are: Wheeling does not necessarily mean that the electrons entering the transmission network at point A will be used at point B, its rather the act of balancing the energy from the generator with the end user consumption while also overcoming system losses. In South Africa, wheeling can use any form of power available in our energy mix. The existence of wheeling frameworks at a municiple level coupled with the potential for energy trading has radically improved the possibility of utility-scale renewable energy projects for private and municipal use The Fair Work Commission can also provide help for employers and employees with enterprise bargaining with their New Approaches program. Find out more about New Approaches on the Fair Work Commission website . Registered agreements apply until they are terminated or replaced. When a workplace has a registered agreement, the award doesnt apply. However: The new DonateLife enterprise agreement will be discussed with all stakeholders including Australian Red Cross, the Victorian public health services who dually employ donation services nursing coordinators, and the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services. We will show you what you need to do, and explain why you need to do it, so your agreement will be strong and stand the test of time. A court-imposed settlement is costly, time-consuming, complex and stressful. It should be obvious that it is an absolute last resort, only if you cannot reach a property settlement agreement with your former partner. If you need to make an application if must usually be made within 12 months of your divorce becoming final. The decision is subsequently made through a court hearing. Weve developed our unique process over several years, and our Australian Legal team will ensure you have a compliant financial separation agreement that provides the sound legal protection you seek (property settlement agreement australia). In the event that the Borrower defaults on the loan, the Borrower is responsible for all fees, including any attorney fees. No matter the case, the Borrower is still responsible for paying the principal and interest if a default occurs. Simply enter the State in which the loan originated. Not all loans are structured the same, some lenders prefer payments every week, every month, or some other type of preferred time schedule. Most loans typically use the monthly payment schedule, therefore in this example, the Borrower will be required to pay the Lender on the 1st of every month while the Total Amount shall be paid by January 1st, 2019 giving the borrower 2 years to pay off the loan. Depending on the credit score the lender may ask if collateral is needed to approve the loan (in loan agreements). . Rule 24 Expedited Claims Handling Agreement Final National CDL Rate Differential Arbitration Circular 470 Dated 7-21-1997 BMWE MOA Travel Taxability Final 10-15-19BMWE MOA Travel Taxability Final 10-15-19 Norfolk and Portsmouth Belt line Agreement April 1, 1975 . ______________________________________________________ Employees Transferring to other Crafts NS AGR 3-1-2000 BMWE SPG Alt Work Week OT on Thursday Agmt 4.18.18 . Regional Roadway Mechanic Per Diem Agreement 8-25-16 Shoulder Ballast Cleaner Night Flagging Agreement Vehicular Bridges and Structural Concrete Agreement (1) amtrak bmwe agreement. While the decision was doubtless a relief for the finder in this case, it is not advisable to act as a finder without closely examining the applicable securities laws. Doing so can lead not only to the compensation agreement being voided (as it almost was here) but can also result in serious sanctions from securities regulatory authorities. Rich Mays investment management practice group routinely helps clients navigate these issues. (f) Entire Agreement. This Agreement represents the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and replace and supersede any and all prior or contemporaneous agreements or understandings, written, oral or otherwise with respect to the subject matter hereof. A finder’s fee is a reward and thus a form of incentive to keep business contacts and resources communicating the needs of a company or organization to potential clientele or partners (here).\n\nComments are closed.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.755463719367981}
+{"content": "Buddhism has a great influence on the daily lives of the Burmese people. Whenever you find yourself on a Burma tour, you will discover people here live honestly, preserve national traditions, close family ties, respect the elders, adore of Buddhism and wear casual daily clothes.\n\nThe spirit of solidarity in Myanmar community is very high, whether in urban or rural areas, people treat each other politely, people rarely argue or bicker each other in public places. Families or groups of people living near the roads in urban and rural areas often give the jar of clean water beside the road for a complimentary to the guest, regard it as a form of giving.\n\nAbide the law is the beauty of social life in Myanmar. Hunting birds, animals or arbitrarily cut trees is taboo in the life of Burmese people. Offerings are also influenced by Buddhism that is a feature of culture in this country. Violators will be condemned and sanctioned seriously by the authorities.\n\nThe Myanmar people shall not use the thing that does not belong to them. It is a beauty of lifestyle of Burmese people with the bold of Buddhist culture. The phenomenon of robbing or pilfering in public places is very little happens, of course, the offender will be legally punished. With a good lifestyle, the phenomenon of divorce adultery in society is less likely to occur. Myanmar people are very afraid and ashamed of adultery or having a stepchild because they would be condemned and shunned by society, community, and family.\n\nMonks begging for alms in the early morning.\n\nMonks begging for alms in the early morning.\n\nVoluntarily give alms to monks and nuns is also the traditional culture of Myanmar people. Many people, even the poor, always willing to give alms of food or money to monks or nuns and they feel very happy with the action. Foreign tourists traveling to Myanmar will be interested in witnessing the early morning, hordes of monks and nuns holding an object like a big bowl begging for alms on the streets or villages. Many people stood waiting in front of their house with a cooker and pan of food reverently scoop for each monk and nun.\n\nRitual of giving alms occur orderly, dignified and quietly. When the monks and nuns go through the towns or villages, salespeople give alms to one or more monks and nuns depending on their abilities.\nAlthough the daily life is not wealthy, many people in Myanmar, from urban to rural areas, kind-hearted give a little part of food in the house to give “alms” for wildlife animals such as birds, squirrels, dogs, cats… The markets in Myanmar often have stalls selling panicles of rice for buyers to feed the birds. Tourists when visiting Myanmar feel surprising and exciting when seeing the city Yangon and other cities of Myanmar have a wide variety of birds, squirrels live in herds and dogs playing in the streets. They are very playful and friendly with people.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8532769083976746}
+{"content": "Posted in Data Science Python Programming\n\nPython For Data Science\n\nIn today’s world, everything is technologically inspired. Right from booking a movie ticket to buying groceries, everything can be handled virtually. There is a lot that technology has to offer for sale to take by surprise. There is no doubt that our world is constantly impending towards the innovative era of technology improvement. This, in response, maximizes the desire for the candidates with potent programming knowledge to support and application development.\n\nOne such language that is accepted and preferred globally for the development is Python. Thus, begs the question, what is Python and the reason to use Python over other programming languages.\n\nPython and Its Features\n\nPython is an object-oriented programming language used for dynamic applications globally. Natively, it is a high-level programming language that enables the creation of both simple and intricate operations. In addition to this, Python offers a wide array of inbuilt modules and libraries which enables it to support various other programming languages such as Java, C, C++, and JSON.\n\nPython has gained popularity globally for its versatility and scope of applicability. Several ventures are proposed to choose Python as their programming language as it has created a significant hallmark for itself with distinct features such as:\n\n  • Focus on Code Simplicity and Readability\n  • Freely Available and Open Source\n  • Supports GUI Programming\n  • Supports Object-Oriented Language\n  • Integrated by Nature\n  • Offers Large Standard Library\n  • Both Portable and Integrated Language\n\nIn addition to the above-mentioned features, it has a huge list of characteristic features such as:\n\n  • Aids functional and structured programming methods as well as Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)\n  • Can be used as a scripting language or be compiled to byte-code for developing large applications\n  • Provides very high-level dynamic data types\n  • Allows collection automatic garbage\n  • Can be easily integrated with C, C++, COM, ActiveX, CORBA, and Java\n\nHow is Python Used?\n\nPython is a flexible programming language, in other words, it’s a general-purpose language which can be used for almost anything. Primarily, it is an interpreted language where the written code is not essentially translated to a computer-based readable format during runtime. However, most of the programming languages do such conversions even before the program runs. This kind of language is also known as a “scripting language” since it was formerly designed for facile projects. Python is commonly used for data related functions. However, it is flexible and is used for a lot of different purposes include mobile games, Meet N Fuck games, adult games and web applications of different types.\n\nWho uses Python?\n\nThe python developer’s community is constantly growing as well as the number of libraries. This makes Python the most extensive programming languages globally that easily fits any project. Nevertheless, it is vital to mention that Python is widespread in the scientific field, particularly in Machine Learning programs and Data Mining.\n\n\nWrapping up, Python is the ideal technology for building financial software and offers a lot of advantages such as clear syntax, cool development strategies, and is user-friendly, and hence the developers like to deal with it. Also, Python can boost the availability of plenty of frameworks and libraries that enhance the development process of any financial service. Thus, you get a high-quality product of your dream.\n\ndata format types\nPosted in Data Science\n\nData Types and Data Formats\n\nThe data type is the concept used in programming and it is the classification through which you can make out the type of the value a variable is holding. Based on this, you can perform the logical, relational, and mathematical operations to be performed. Data types help in avoiding the error since we already get to know about the type of value before even performing any operations.\n\nFor example ‘string’ is a data type. This data type can be used for classifying texts. There is another data type called integer and that is useful in classifying numbers. There are some more data types used in programming and they are Boolean Character and float. Boolean is used for representing the two logical values true and false. Number with a decimal point can be classified using float data type and character is useful for encoding the strings numerically.\n\nData Types and their Usage\n\nData types are very useful in determining which kind of operation can be used for the variable. Through this, it becomes easy to create, use, and transform the variable for any computation. There are many types of programming languages and among them, some are strongly typed languages. Strongly typed languages always make use of the variable in ways that respect the data type mentioned for the variable. For example, an adult site like fuckbook which is geared towards daters on mobile devices will utilize a specific language. This particular adult dating site employs different types of data including images, video, text, code, etc. so the language that it is built with must respect the different types of data that the adult dating site utilizes.\n\nWhen you use a variable in this way, you can easily avoid errors. An operation may request the computer to multiply an integer and afloat. This looks logical. But the same operation should never be requested for a float and string. This becomes completely illogical.\n\nData Formats\n\nData is made available in many formats. It can have any shape. Data can be text, numerical, and even multimedia. It can also be research data or some other type. But when it comes to coding, the data format is referred to like the kind of data which is used in coding. It is possible to code data in many ways. Data should be coded just because it can be read and recognized. When data is coded, it is easy to make use of it in all kinds of programs and applications.\n\nData Format and Information Technology\n\nThe data format is usually referred to in many ways in information technology. Sometimes it is referred to as data type and other cases as the file format. The data type can be understood as a constraint present in the type system which is positioned for interpretation of data. You can understand the file format as the format in which the data is stored and encoded through a computer file.\n\nThere is one more representation and sometimes data format is also termed as a content format. Here the media data is represented in a particular defined format. It can be either a video or audio format.\n\nChoosing the data format\n\nThere are many things to consider when it comes to choosing the data format. You need to check the characteristics of the data and along with with that the size of the data as well. More than that, you need to look into infrastructures of the current project and usage of case scenarios.\n\nFor choosing the right data format, you may have to perform certain tests. These tests are based on and about checking the reading and writing speed of the data file. There are majorly three main types of data formats. These are also termed as GIS data formats. Each and every data format should be handled uniquely. These data formats and utilized for different purposes.\n\nTypes of data formats\n\nThere are three major types in data formats and they are\n\n  • File-Based Data Format\n  • Database Connections\n  • Directory-Based Data Format\n\nLets’ look into these three data formats in detail.\n\nFile-Based Data Format \n\nThis is a data format that can include multiple files or a single file. After assigning the data formats the files will get stored in arbitrary folders. In the majority of the cases, a single file is used and the best example for this is DGN. But in other cases, it can also include many files. In this case, the file name will be different for each file.\n\nDirectory-Based Data Format \n\nThis is another data format where irrespective of a number of files, all of them are stored in a single folder and that folder is referred to as parent folder. In some cases, it can also make use of additional folders if needed. But one thing in common for the entire situation is, the directory will be the data source. Multiple files in the directory are usually represented in data layers.\n\nDatabase Connections\n\nThere is a similarity between the above two types and data connections. Here for interpretation, the MapServer is used and they provide the required geographic coordinate data.\n\nBenefits of data formats\n\nThere are many benefits of data formats and their types. Through using data formats it becomes easy for the user to carry out the operations in any number. More than that, the user can make most of it through these data formats. Let’s look into some of the benefits of using data formats.\n\n\nBefore introducing these data formats, calculations were really challenging. When data formats are introduced it became really easy to carry out the calculations and today you just need to punch in the values for calculations to be done. Results are received in no time.\n\n\nThrough making use of data formats it has become possible to keep the data in a more organized presentation. More than that data is formatted and t is easy to use. Data formats have made the data easier to understand. Hence users who are referring to these data are making most of it.\n\n\nData formats and data types have made it easy for the users to make use of the variables which are consistent in the entire program. Users can completely rely on this variable when they want to perform calculations and presentations.\n\n\nBecause of the introduction of data formats, data has become more accessible and readable than before. Now, the variables are used without hassle in all kinds of calculations. All kinds of jobs can be done quickly and there is no need to put much effort into maximum output.\n\nPosted in Data Science Databases\n\nTypes of Databases\n\nDatabase, also often referred to as the backend, is one of the most significant components of any software, program or application enterprise. A database is essentially nothing but a collection of the data which is treated as the unit. The primary objective of the database is storing and retrieving related information. A relational database, specifically, can manage large data in multi-user environment which allows users to simultaneously access same data. This is all achieved and done while maintaining high performance levels as well as efficiency. The relational database also ensures security by preventing unauthorized access of data and it gives efficient solutions for the failure recovery.\n\nDifferent categories of database and the characteristics of those databases\n\nThere are multiple types of databases or database management systems that are deployed in the software industry. Databases are the foundation of many online based enterprises for a variety of integral purposes. Social media platforms use various databases to connect users. Adult dating apps and backpage alternatives like maintain active databases to set up hookups for users based on location. Of course there are many different types of databases that are vital and optimum for specific purposes. These include hierarchical databases, relational databases, network databases, graph databases, object-oriented databases, ER model databases, document databases and NoSQL databases amongst others. All of these databases have their own applications in the industry and are used to provide backend enterprise solutions for a variety of programs. Let us have a look at some of these databases in more detail.\n\nHierarchical database: In the hierarchical database model, data is essentially stored in parent-child relationship nodes. The hierarchical database provides information about parent/child relationships as well as the business data that is stored. The hierarchical database model provides for organization of data in the tree like structure. The storage of data is done in the form of fields collection, where each and every field contains or denotes a single value. The records that are entered in the database are linked with each other in the form of parent-children link relationships. The hierarchical database model provides that each child who has been recorded should only have one parent. Whereas the parent can have multiple children.\n\nThe traversing of data when a query is undertaken traverses across each tree, until that time when the record is found. The hierarchical model of the database was first developed by IBM in the decade of early 60s. The hierarchical structure is straightforward but it is not very flexible because of the inherent nature of parent-child one to many relationship. Hierarchical databases are mostly used for high availability and performance applications, that are used in telecommunications and the banking industries. The windows registry and the information management system by IBM are two of the premium examples of the hierarchical databases. The hierarchical database has advantages as well as disadvantages. Let us look at the advantages first : You can access as well as update hierarchical database quickly as the structure of this model resembles that of a tree and relationships between the records can be defined in advance. However this feature means it also comes with its own drawbacks. The structure of this database means every child that is available in the tree can only have a maximum of one parent, and links or relationships between the various children is not allowed even if it might be right logically.\n\nNetwork databases: The network databases essentially use network structures to create a relationship between the entities. Network databases are primarily used for big digital computers. The network databases are similar to the hierarchical databases however unlike hierarchical database which allows one node to have a single parent only, the network node in network database can have a relationship with various entities. A network database appears like interconnected network for records or the cobweb. For network databases, the parents are normally referred to as occupiers and children as members. The organization of data in the network database is done using many-to-many relationship. Charles Bachman was the inventor of the structure for network database.\n\nRelational database: The relational database management system also known as RDBMS, is a structure where the data in the database is related to one another and it is stored in the form of rows and columns. Each row in the table represents record and each column in the table of the database represents the attribute. In addition each field in the table represents the value of the data. SQL, also known as structured query language, is the general language that is used for querying the RDBMS, that includes insert, update, delete and search records. Relational databases that work on tables have a key field which uniquely signifies that each row as well as the key fields, that can be used for connecting data of one table to another. It is important to note that relational databases are the most widely used and popular databases in the industry. Some of the popular forms of RDMS are SQL server, Oracle, SQLite, MySQL as well as IBM DB2 amongst others. The RDBMS has two main advantages: These databases are used with no or little training. The entries of the database are modified without specifying the entire body.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9830793142318726}
+{"content": "Christine LagardeBy Christine Lagarde\n\nVersions in  عربي中文Français, 日本語Русский, and Español\n\nToday, I invite all of you to celebrate International Women’s Day. Let’s celebrate the incredible progress women have made over the past decades in different parts of society, playing a key role in economic life that our grandmothers worked for and dreamed about. Today, although men still dominate the executive suites in most professions, women all over the world hold high positions in the private sector and in public office. Women are no longer the Second Sex Simone de Beauvoir wrote about.\n\nBut far too many women face the most fundamental challenges: the right to safety and to choose the life they want.\n\nAcross the globe, fewer women than men are in paid employment, with only about 50 percent of working-age women participating in the labor force. In many countries, laws, regulations and social norms still constrain women’s possibilities to seek paid employment. And all over the world women conduct most of the work that remains unseen and unpaid, in the fields and in households.\n\nWomen who get paid for their work earn less than their male colleagues, even when doing the same work, which economists call the gender wage gap. Across the advanced and emerging economy countries that are members of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the gender wage gap is about 16 percent. Many women take career breaks or work part time to take care of children and elderly family members, and therefore get lower pensions—a problem in itself, and one with implications for public finances.  And tax regimes often impose a higher tax on so-called “second earners” in the family, reducing the incentives for women to work.\n\nThe economic crisis has only complicated this picture. In developing economies, girls’ school completion rates have dropped more rapidly than those of boys.  In advanced economies female unemployment has been on the rise—for instance in Portugal and Spain. If these trends were to persist beyond the crisis, they could spell further trouble for women’s participation in the labor market.\n\nWomen have huge talents. Employers who don’t offer equal opportunities to women simply ignore a large part of the skilled workforce. In many countries, growth could be much higher if more women were in paid employment. In Japan, for example, raising the female labor force participation rate to Northern European levels would permanently raise per capita GDP by 8 percent.  Women also have great entrepreneurial potential.  For instance, women-owned companies represent between 30 and 40 percent of formal small and medium-sized enterprises in emerging markets.   Also, raising women’s incomes will improve education levels, as  research  shows that women spend a larger share of their income on the welfare of their children.\n\nThis will take changes in a wide range of areas, and let me mention a few I think can begin to make a difference.\n\nPoliticians can change legislation to provide equal opportunities for women to own property, get credit, and work outside the home. And equal access to health services, education, and vocational training will prepare women for paid employment. Better infrastructure, transportation, and child care will also allow more women to seek paid work. In rural South Africa, for example, access to electricity gave women the opportunity to work less in the household and more outside the home, increasing women’s labor force participation by about 9 percent. And in Mexico, the federal daycare program for working mothers has helped low-income mothers.\n\nIn advanced economies, more women will work if they have access to parental leave and affordable child care. Sweden is a good example of this, with a difference in labor force participation rates between men and women of only 6 percentage points, compared to 25 percentage points in Japan. Breaking down the barriers between part-time and full-time work contracts also encourages women to join the work force. For example, in the Netherlands the female labor force participation rate increased from about 35 percent in 1980 to more than 80 percent in 2008, largely as a result of more attractive part-time work options. And flexible work arrangements help women to juggle their many responsibilities and to achieve a better work-life balance.\n\nWe can help. The International Monetary Fund is in continuous dialogue with its member countries on how to achieve stability and growth. Women’s labor force participation is one part of this equation—all the more so at a time when many countries are struggling with the fiscal impact of aging populations and high public debts.  Access to financing for small and medium-sized enterprises is another key issue.  We are not experts in all the complex elements at work in this area, but we can flag issues and draw on the expertise of others. In addition, we can use our fiscal expertise to look into ways to assess whether tax regimes and the allocation of public resources contribute to gender equality and better opportunities for women.\n\nToday, on International Women’s Day, we see both amazing achievements and formidable challenges. But I am an optimist and see beyond these challenges; our daughters and granddaughters will have even better opportunities than women have today. And let us always remember that when women are allowed to develop their full potential, it is not only women who gain, but the whole world.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9978871941566467}
+{"content": "Based on Nothing\n\nIt's episode 100! Finally! My guests are Mal Smith (@Malive) and Lauren Puga (@KittenTarantino) from the podcast A FEW BEERS IN. In this episode we take turns complimenting each other, insulting each other, playing nerd trivia, and play an extremely intense round of the alliterative name game for the ownership rights of the podcast. We also dive into segments Star Trek News, In The Loop and Star Wars Stories, watch some Star Wars, talk about Disney World, and reach the thrilling conclusion to the saga of uncanceling the cancelation of the podcast.\n\nBased on Nothing has joined a network of writers and podcasters called the Codex and you should check it out at! A FEW BEERS IN is @Afewbeersin on Twitter and I am at @BONpodcast on Twitter.\n\nThank you for listening to show. 100 more years\n\nDirect download: 100.mp3\nCategory:general -- posted at: 7:54pm EST", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.614544153213501}
+{"content": "Discussion Topics posts (474)\n\nI’m stuck on a Business question and need an explanation.\n\n\nI just want you to type your own opinions on your own words without sources, its a discussion. Answer these two related questions in different word files, 2 word files in total about 2-3 paragraphs each one. READ the discussions carefully and type your thoughts and opinions on your own words carefully:\n\nTopics :\n\n1- If you correlated percentage changes in the Dow Jones Total Stock Market Index with percentage changes in the NYSE composite and the NASDAQ composite index, would you expect a difference in correlations? Why or why not?\n\n2- Discuss the rationale for expecting an efficient capital market. What factor would you look for to differentiate the market efficiency of two alternative stocks?\n\n*note* this is a finance class.\n\nPosted in Uncategorized", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9991269111633301}
+{"content": "While every effort has been fabriqué to follow cité style rules, there may be some discrepancies.Please to express to thé appropriate style manual jaune other sources si you have any questions.\n\nVous lisez ce: Provence-alpes-côte\n\nCorrections? Updates? Omissions? Let nous know if you have cue to enhance this article (requires login).\nFeedback share a belles (Required)Factual CorrectionSpelling/Grammar correctionlink CorrectionAdditional InformationOther\n\nOur editors will review quel you’ve submitted et determine whether to revise thé article.\n\nJoin\"s Publishing partner Program and our community of experts to avoir a global public for your work!\n\nProvence–Alpes–Côte d’Azur, formerly Provence–Côte d’Azur, région of france encompassing the southeastern départements du Alpes-Maritimes, Hautes-Alpes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Var, Bouches-du-Rhône, and Vaucluse. Provence–Alpes–Côte d’Azur is bounded by the régions du Occitanie to thé west et Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes to auto north. Est différent boundaries encompass Italy to auto east et the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Thé région is nearly coextensive with thé historic region ns Provence. The capital is Marseille.\n\nVoir plus: Bordel Militaire De Campagne Photos, Dans Les Bordels De L'Armée Française\n\n\nThe southern flank de the Alps dominates thé région and rises abruptly from thé eastern coast, i beg your pardon is the coast d’Azur. The plains of Comtat, Crau, and Camargue lie to thé west and are drained by the lower Rhône River. Other principal rivers include thé Durance, Var, et Verdon. A Mediterranean climate prevails along thé coast, but in winter the cold, dried northerly wind known ont the mistral may bring suddenly cold spells à a significant les pièces of thé région. Annual precipitation viewpoints the denchères average marqué varies high solution from year à year.\n\nProvence–Alpes–Côte d’Azur is one ns the most demographically dynamic régions of France. In the 1990s tous of thé région’s départements gained populations through both migrational and natural increase, v the produire of Alpes-Maritimes, whereby there were fewer births than deaths. Aging of the population occurred ont a result ns the growing number of retirement persons who resolved in thé région. Immigrants came from a variety de Mediterranean countries as well oui other français régions, especially Île-de-France. Population is highly focused along thé coastal fringe et in thé lower Rhône valley. Auto area is very urbanized, with about 90 percent of the population living in towns.\n\n\nThe Fontaine du la Rotonde in thé Place ns la Liberation éteindre the courir Mirabeau, Aix-en-Provence, France.\n\nVoir plus: Mise A Jour Cv Pole Emploi, Générer Un Cv Et Associer Mes Réalisations\n\nAgriculture is de limited importance in auto economy but has come to be increasingly specialized, with watering playing a diriger role. The se concentrer sur is nous the production of fruits, vegetables, et wines. Fruits et vegetables are intensively grew especially in the Comtat-Venaissin to auto east ns Avignon, oui well ont in the major river valleys such oui the Durance. Vineyards covering many de the hillsides ns Var and Alpes-Maritimes. The vineyards du the Côtes ns Rhône in vaucluse are renowned parce que le such wines oui Châteauneuf-du-Pape. Rice is get an impression in auto marshy delta listed below Arles, known as the Camargue. Flower crops, consisting of lavender, roses, and jasmine, are also significant et are used by the perfume-manufacturing industrie centred in Grasse. The raising ns sheep and dairy livestock has come to be less important.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8494657278060913}
+{"content": "Choose a Teacher\n\nThere are three steps to scheduling your first interaction with a Japanese speaker.\n\n\nStep #1: Choose a platform.\n\nFirst, you need to decide which platform you will use to find this amazing person. Here are a few good options for finding teachers:\n\nAnd here are some places you can find language exchange partners:\n\nJust browse around the sites, see what you do or don't like about them, then pick one. It doesn't matter which one you go with. I've personally only used Cafetalk (a Japanese company), which I used to teach English on, as well. Ken-sensei, who has been a guest on some of our podcast episodes, prefers to use Preply, and he says that he gets more students on there, too. italki is nice for people that are looking to study a bunch of different languages other than just Japanese.\n\nIt doesn't really matter what platform you choose.\n\n\nStep #2: Choose a teacher.\n\nSecond, pick out a handful of teachers that seem like they might be a good match for you.\n\nIf you want a female teacher, pick only females. If you are afraid of having your Japanese sound feminine and you want a male teacher, pick only males. Old people. Young people. Whatever you like. Oh, and if you're a beginner, getting a teacher who is at least conversational level in English will probably make things a lot easier.\n\n\nStep #3: Schedule.\n\nThird, check which of these teachers have lesson slots at a time that is convenient for you. Ideally, this will be a time that you can take lessons every week. Taking lessons at the same time multiple days per week is ideal, but that could start getting expensive if you have a limited budget.\n\nThat's it!\n\nI wouldn't over think this stuff. You can always go back and switch platforms, teachers, or lesson times if something isn't to your liking initially. \n\nNoticed any typos we've missed or other issues?\nReport them here at this link.\n\nYou can join by heading to this link.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.842980146408081}
+{"content": "Review: The Multiversity #2\n\nby Matthew Lloyd\n0 comment\n\nThe Multiversity #2. Grant Morrison- Writer, Ivan Reis- Penciller, Joe Prado, Eber Ferreira & Jaime Mendoza- Inkers, Dan Brown, Jason Wright & Blond- Colorists.\n\nMultiveristy Harbinger\n\nFrom Grant Morrison’s earliest work for DC Comics with his acclaimed run on Animal Man in the late ‘80’s, he has played with the fourth wall and meta-textual messages. At times his work is completely misunderstood and often criticized for being too dense or too esoteric to be enjoyed. However, I would posit that he is never obtuse on purpose, but rather not all readers are going to get the metaphor he is using. This rings completely true with The Multiversity #2, and in a sense the whole series. While the issues that explored the different worlds were largely understandable for what they were, The Multiversity #1 had the burden of setting up the concept and putting for the story in motion. This was a fairly straightforward issue despite the introduction of so many parallel worlds and new characters. However, the basic concept is not that hard to grasp, so it was fairly easy. With The Multiversity #2, Morrison has to finish a story that is essentially 2 issue’s long with a number of mini-bumps along the way that add to the concept but don’t manage to push the story that far along. So finally, with The Multiveristy #2, we get a conclusion to this story, or is it a beginning? Ultimately, it is another comic book that is meta-textual and pushes against the fourth wall, and is a critique on comics. I believe that Morrison is saying that the concept of the multiverse in DC Comics is essentially what brings the element of fun into the company’s comics.\n\nMultiversity The Marvels\n\nI believe that The Multiversity attempts to show that without the multiverse that DC Comics become all too similar and don’t allow for a diversity of stories and genres and that the hegemony at the company end up allowing a house style that ends up homogenizing the line and ultimately kills it if the concept of the multiverse is not allowed to return periodically. However, Morrison also reveals that the company is ultimately holds the power for which characters live and die and they are all at the whim of editorial, despite what Superman says, they approve what he says after all. You cannot read this series without the understanding that you yourself are a player in this story, because you, the reader are included as a participant. Not solely because you are reading, but because Morrison is writing you in as a part of the actual story, because he is essentially giving an in-story explanation for the creators of comics- an IN STORY reason. Yes, I had to read this issue twice.\n\nMultiversity End of Sivanna\n\nSo, the issue opens with the Gentry and Harbinger intertwined as they both become aware of Etrigan, the Super-Demon and his team facing off against the Sivannas of the multiverse, and the Vampire Justice League of Earth-43. The Vampires are defeated by a craving for coffee (only the multivese could produce a ridiculously fun concept), and a Sivana and Mr. Mind escape to the world of the Justice Riders as the Marvel Family from Thunderworld approaches. And it doesn’t look like Sivana and friend will survive this experience. The scene quickly switches to the incoming to the Orrery of worlds the characters who have been summoned from across the multiverse to respond to the threat that was introduced in the first issue.\n\nMultiversity Gatheing of Heroes at the Orrery\n\nAs Dino-Cop tries to assemble the heroes into some sort of organized unit, it becomes apparent that the Lil’ League are actually spies for the Gentry- it was obvious all along, right? This takes us quickly to Earth-8 where Nix Uotan, under the influence of the Gentry is about to solve a Rubik’s cube and bring about an end to the multiverse. That makes sense right? I mean, why not, Rubik’s cube and Crisis on Infinite Earths are both from the ‘80’s and Crisis ended the DC mulitiverse, right? Working together, but apart Captain Carrot and Aquawoman of Earth-11 stop Uotan and get him away from the influence of the Gentry so that he’s back on the side of the angels. Now really, stop and think about the significance of this, the two most influential characters in the story are a funny animal and a female version of the most ridiculed member of the Justice League of America. Let it sink in. Only in a multiverse could this happen. Only in a multiverse could a reader have this kind of fun. Fun.\n\nMultiversity Justice Incarnate\n\nNext, Red Racer delivers the final blow as he knowingly re-enacts the actions of Barry Allen from Crisis on Infinite Earths, his favorite comic. Morrison is clearly relying on the reader’s knowledge of comics to expand the understanding of the story while firmly placing the reader in the story as another reader of Crisis on Infinite Earths.\n\nMultiversity Red Racer as Flash\n\nAs Nix Uotan is brought to his senses, the Gentry arrive to cause more mayhem. This leads the grouping of heroes to Earth-7 which was annihilated in issue #1. Here they encounter a being that represents editorial and the creative branch of DC Comics. Morrison makes it clear that this being ultimately controls the fate of all the company’s characters and as the reader we know it, too. In-story, there is some bold posturing from the Superman of Earth-9, but the reality is clear. The heroes are shunted back to Earth-8 by editorial and then the Orrery of Worlds by Harbinger and under Superman’s leadership they form Justice Incarnate, a multiversal league of heroes.\n\nMultiversity Earth 0\n\nLastly, Nix Uotan returns to his duties and the scene switches to Earth-0, Prime Earth, main DCU continuity Earth as his counterpart is reading the comics when we first met him in The Multiversity #1. Remember, Earth-33 is Earth-Prime, our Earth and the home of Ultra Comics is Earth-33. You get it right?  My head exploded at this point, too.  I’m still trying to find all the pieces.\n\nMultiversity Aquawoman\n\nThe Positives\n\nThe multiple levels on which this series works is the biggest positive. It is truly unique in comics. Nothing has ever been done quite like this. It is worthy of respect solely for the attempt, but that fact that it succeeds is an extra bonus.\n\nMultiversity Justice Riders\n\nThe Negatives\n\nThe complexity of this series could be a turn off for many readers. Not everyone wants a story that requires this much effort. It does work on the most basic level as a straight forward level of multiversal Crisis, but in that regard it’s not that strong.\n\nMultiversity DC Editorial\n\nThe Verdict\n\nLike most of Morrison’s work, The Multiversity #2 asks a lot of the reader. For those willing to invest the effort it is exquisite. His exploration of the fourth wall and meta-textual storytelling is singular.\n\n\nYou may also like", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7516143321990967}
+{"content": "Practice Exam and Study Questions for Exam 2\n\nPractice Exam and Study Questions for Exam 2\n\nPractice Exam and study questions for Exam 2\n\nObviously this is not going to be totally comprehensive of everything you need to know for the exam. However, it will give you an idea of how confident you are in knowing the material. I suggest studying for awhile, then trying to answer these questions, then go back and find the areas where you think you need the most review and re-read that section in the book.\n\nStudy Questions\n\nA researcher wants to establish that her new weight-loss program leads to a 10% weight reduction in participants. What are the three conditions that must be met in order to establish causality?\n\nFrom your notes\n\n  • random assignment to experimental and control groups\n  • manipulation of the grouping (independent) variable\n  • control of extraneous, or confounding variables\n\nA researcher has designed a 2-quarter intervention for reducing test anxiety. He measures anxiety levels of freshmen in the fall, and offers his program to the most anxious 10%. He then runs participants in his program, and measures them again in the spring. All of the participants are less anxious. What threats to internal validity may arise?\n\nHistory & Maturation, Regression to the mean\n\nWhat are the advantages of using a within-subjects design over a between-subjects design? What are the advantages of between-subjects designs?\n\nSee notes\n\nWhat is the difference between an extraneous variable and a confounding variable?\n\nSee notes and in the book (p. 150)\n\nWhat are the benefits of matching, versus random assignment?\n\nSee Notes\n\nWhat are the benefits and drawbacks of each type of design that we’ve learned about so far.\n\nSee notes and textbook\n\nIn a between subjects design, what is the major control issue? What do we do as researchers to address this issue?\n\nEquivalent groups Random Assignment\n\nIn a within subjects design, what is the major control issue? What do we do as researchers to address this issue?\n\nOrder effects Matching of participants or counterbalancing\n\n4 basic single factor designs:\n\nIndependent groups\n\nMatched groups\n\nNon-equivalent groups\n\nWithin subjects/repeated measures\n\nWhich of these designs use manipulated independent variables?\n\n1, 2, 4\n\nBe able to determine whether there are main effects or interactions between variables when given data in either a table format, or a bar graph or a line graph.\n\nPractice exercises in class and on the website\n\nUnderstand the numbering system in a factorial design\n\nIn your notes\n\nUnderstand the various types of factorial designs and their characteristics\n\n  • Mixed designs\n  • PXE designs\n  • Repeated measures\n  • Between subjects\n\nIn your notes\n\nPractice Exam Questions\n\n1. In a study of students’ preferences for two colas using a within-subjects design every student tasted each cola two different times and the order of cola presentation was counterbalanced across participants. In this study, the order of cola presentation was counterbalanced in order to\n\na. create equivalent groups\n\nb. control for order effects\n\nc. avoid participant bias\n\nd. avoid experimenter bias\n\n2. For a consumer task comparing four brands of colas, the researcher decides to use awithin-subject design using all possible orders of the colas. In this case there will be ___ different sequences that must be represented in the study.\n\na.4 b. 12 c. 24d. 3\n\n3.The hallmark of the non-equivalent group design is that\n\na.participants are assigned to each group using random assignment\n\nb.these designs are not subject to any threats to internal validity\n\nc.conclusions about the cause of behavior cannot be made\n\nd.all of the above\n\n4. In a correlational study examining the number of cats owned by participants and loneliness, the researcher ______the number of cats and ______the amount of loneliness that a participant has.\n\na. manipulates; manipulates\n\nb. manipulates; measures\n\nc. measures; measures\n\nd. measures; manipulates\n\n5. If a between-subjects design uses random assignment, the design will be called a(n)\n\na. nonequivalent groups design\n\nb. repeated-measures design\n\nc. independent groups design\n\nd. matched groups design\n\n6. A t test for dependent groups is used to compare experimental conditions in which of the following designs?\n\na. single-factor, independent groups design\n\nb. single-factor, matched groups design\n\nc. single-factor, nonequivalent groups design\n\nd. both alternatives a. and c.\n\n7. Unlike two-level designs, multilevel designs can\n\na. use counterbalancing\n\nb. test more than one independent variable\n\nc. uncover nonlinear effects\n\nd. reject the null hypothesis\n\n8. What is the primary difference between complete counterbalancing and partial counterbalancing?\n\na. whether each participant finishes the study\n\nb. whether each participant is exposed to every condition three times\n\nc. whether every possible condition is presented to every participant\n\nd. whether every possible order of conditions is represented in a study\n\n9.If exposing participants to treatment A alters their responses to a subsequent treatment B in a manner different from the alteration of the participants’ response to A when it follows B, the data suffer from\n\na. response fortitude\n\nb. carryover effects\n\nc. external invalidity\n\n\n10.The external validity of a study can be questioned with regard to\n\na. the longevity of the results\n\nb. the applicability of the results to other environments\n\nc. the generalizability of the results to other populations\n\nd.all of the above", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9792206883430481}
+{"content": "\n\n\nHow Do Computers Follow Instructions?\n\nA Book About Programming\n\nHow Do Computers Follow Instructions?\nJ.T. Liso By (author)\nSrimalie Bassani Illustrated by\nUSD $9.99\nCAD $12.99\n\n\n9.0 X 9.0 in\n32 pg\n\n7 - 10 ( Intrest Age )\n1 - 3 ( US School Grade Age )\n810L (Lexile Code)\nAlso Available As:\n\n\nHave you ever wondered how computers follow instructions so well? Or how they do math so quickly?\n\nIn the How Do series, readers are invited to guess and then explore the science behind the right answers. Basic principles of computer programming are explored through diagrams, photos, and informative and engaging text.\n\nIn How Do Computers Follow Instructions?, readers will learn:\n\n·      How programming languages work\n\n·      How computers and users communicate through inputs and outputs\n\n·      The three types of variables and how they store data\n\n·      Practical examples of programming\n\n\nEducational and interesting.Booklist - Booklist\n\nAuthor Bio\n\nJ.T. Liso is a software engineer with a degree in computer science from the University of Tennessee. Ever since he was a little kid, computers had always fascinated him, and he used that curiosity to study how computers worked. J.T. grew up in Franklin, Tennessee, but now lives in Seattle, Washington, where he spends his free time hiking with his dog Zoe and cooking fun new foods!\n\nSrimalie Bassani lives and works in Mantova, Italy. Her mother has always encouraged her artistic expression, and she is the inspiration for her passion. Her work is full of surprises. She always tries to diversify her style based on every story she illustrates. It's almost impossible to remove her from her writing desk, where she keeps a stack of books and teacups of many colors.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9818130731582642}
+{"content": "\n\n\nHow Do You Measure a Slice of Pizza?\n\nA Book About Geometry\n\nHow Do You Measure a Slice of Pizza?\nMadeline J. Hayes By (author)\nLucy D. Hayes By (author)\nSrimalie Bassani Illustrated by\nUSD $9.99\nCAD $12.99\n\n\n9.0 X 9.0 in\n32 pg\n\n7 - 10 ( Intrest Age )\n1 - 4 ( US School Grade Age )\n790L (Lexile Code)\n\n\nHave you ever wondered how to measure your pizza or how much ice cream is in your ice-cream cone?\n\nBasic principles of geometry are explored through diagrams, photos, and informative and engaging text in this newest addition to the How Do series.\n\nIn How Do You Measure a Slice of Pizza?, readers will learn:\n\n·      The difference between two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes\n\n·      How to calculate the area of two-dimensional shapes, including a square, a rectangle, a triangle, and a circle\n\n·      How to calculate the volume of three-dimensional shapes, including a cone and a sphere\n\n·      How to identify geometrical attributes like lines, points, and angles\n\nAuthor Bio\n\nMadeline Hayes is a self-described science nerd. She loves it! Especially biology and chemistry. She has a B.S. with Honors in chemical and biomolecular engineering, pre-medicine and a minor in chemistry from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, class of 2018. Madeline has expertise in engineering, chemistry, and mass cytometry and works using these skills to assist with research at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, TN. She isn’t sure where her work and learning will take her, but she knows science will be at the core of her career and she credits that love of science to the many awesome teachers she’s had through the years.\n\nLucy Hayes loves learning. She says she loves to learn about anything, but she specifically loves science and math. She has a  B.S. in Industrial Engineering and is currently working as a high school physics teacher. (She credits her decision to teach to the wonderful teachers in her life). When asking one of her students how she should describe herself, her student replied \"weird.\" Lucy could sense from the tone it was a compliment and has decided to go with it! This is her first book and she hopes some weird shines through.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9278505444526672}
+{"content": "\n\n\nHow Do Ants Survive a Flood?\n\nA Book About Bugs\n\nHow Do Ants Survive a Flood?\nChason McKay By (author)\nSrimalie Bassani Illustrated by\nUSD $9.99\nCAD $12.99\nComing Soon\n\nComing Soon\n\n9.0 X 9.0 in\n32 pg\n\n7 - 10 ( Intrest Age )\n870L (Lexile Code)\n\n\nHave you ever wondered what makes bugs so special? The latest How Do book dives into all of the unique things spiders, worms, ladybugs, and many other insects can do through diagrams, illustrations, and informative and engaging text.\n\nAbout the How Do series: These fully-illustrated nonfiction picture books are a great introduction to various STEM topics. Each title includes facts and figures, simple diagrams and hilarious illustrations and is written in a question-and-answer format to encourage readers to ask questions and guess the answers before exploring the science behind the correct answers.\n\nAuthor Bio\n\nChason McKay is a graduate from the University of Georgia, where he enjoyed taking courses in Entomology, the study of insects. His fascination with ants and their collaborative qualities inspired him to write his very first children's book How Do Ants Survive A Flood? Today, Chason is a musician living in Nashville, Tennessee.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5998526811599731}
+{"content": "Golden Core release their new album \"Fimbultýr\"\n\nTheir Icelandic-Norwegian Norse-doom is finally ready for the world!\n\nFIMBULTÝR is the second album from icelandic-norwegian norse-doom duo Golden Core. Hailing from the Oslo-suburb of Ammerud, the band consists of Simen Jakobsen Harstad (15) on guitars and amplifiers and Johannes Thor Sandal (17) on vocals and drums. Golden Core has been perfecting their musical skills in their basement since 2014 - now they are ready for the world!\n\nWith Converge's Kurt Ballou on mixing and Blood Command's Yngve Andersen as producer, FIMBULTÝR is a monument of the young band's dazzling ambition and artistic vision. Not afraid to merge their ancestral heritage of norse mythology with US-stoner rock and norwegian black metal, Golden Core has chiseled out an album of undeniable quality and originality.\n\nThough the band has made a solid impression on the metal scene in Norway, Denmark and Iceland for years, with appearances on most of the biggest festivals and support gigs for bands like Napalm Death and Bongzilla, FIMBULTÝR could very well be a landmark in the band's career where they no longer look up to bands like Enslaved and High on Fire, but rather, like Sigurðr the dragon slayer, become one with the higher powers:\nSigurðr the dragon slayer rides to the mountain Hindarfjall and wakes up the shieldmaiden Brynhildr, in the poem identified as the valkyrie Sigrdrífa (driver to victory). Calling upon Sons of day and the night and her daughters Sigrdrífa then gives Sigurðr ale that she has charmed with magical runes. After drinking the minnisveig, a ritual drinking dedicated to the remembrance of the gods; Sigurðr is now reviewing godlike wisdom, learning to use the runes and possessing magical powers.\n\nFIMBULTÝR is a concept album, spinning around the Norse god Óðinn, the mythology, rune magic, knowledge, curse, death and war. The album title is one of Óðinn names.\nThe lyrics are mostly processed from the Poetic Edda and Old Norse skaldic poetry. The lyrics in Rúnir Skal Rista are taken from stanzas in Sigrdrífumál from the Poetic Edda. The stanzas are also known from the great saga of the Vǫlsungs.\n\nSo, dear listener, whether you feel the call for eternal war in Valhalla or prefer staying at home, listening to metal with vision and grandeur, Golden Core is here to guide you.\n\nBand photo by: Silje Storm Drabitius\nAlbum cover by: Hrafnsunna Ross", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9902327656745911}
+{"content": "Gratitude is recognized as a very powerful mind/body emotion that can help you shift the energy and/or mood of your day.\n\nClick on image to video guide of Blessing Bowl practice.\n\n\n\nEvidence suggests that positivity practices actually change the way we see the world. I encountered a woman who experienced this to be true. She had been practicing a gratitude practice for over a year. She attested to the influence it had on conditioning her to see goodness everywhere she went. She began to trust it — and expect it.\n\nSometimes our wiring for a negativity bias is so strong that it can really feel like work to recall positive events. The “wheels” of our minds may feel like they’re churning slowly or may feel stuck in the mud of our clouded lens. Work, life, and relationships can feel strenuous and depleting. It can feel as if this is our only reality. But mindfulness practices that hunt for and savor the equally true blessings, sometimes hidden but always there, can retrain our brains..and even our eyes…for appreciation and blessing. I start every coaching session with an invitation for my client to tell an upward spiral story of a recent event that produced positive energy.\n\nSometimes people really struggle with this. I had a client unable to come up with a single uplifting event. Instead, we generated positive energy with a mind-body activity to shift into the mood needed for a productive coaching session. Thirty-five minutes onto our session, he interrupted our dialogue to report his recollection of a positive event! He seemed relieved that he had reached an inner freedom that allowed that positive memory to bubble up.\n\nA Mindful Pause to practice the Blessing Bowl Movement Meditation breaks the chains of negativity that feel heavy and oppressive. This connection to the positive restorative emotion of gratitude sustains a lightness of being… not just in the mind…but into the body. Train your way to a sustainable and deeply satisfying way of being in the world.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9991246461868286}
+{"content": "Unhealthy connections have outstanding effect on our everyday life, human body and character, So if you posses encountered a poor relationship, just how to conclude an unhealthy partnership?\n\nVery first we must the meaning of what is a healthy and balanced relationship?\n\nThere is absolutely no unified unit for a wholesome relationship, nonetheless it needs to be made up of both of these key factors.\n\n1 healthy relationship–Respect one another\n\nA healthier union is dependant on common respect each additional.\n\nEsteem for every more can echo but is not limited to:\n\nPrivate economic control;\n\nPersonal private liberty.\n\nRemember, in a healthier connection, the relationship cannot restrict you from fulfilling your friends by yourself, even if these are generally heterosexual (for heterosexual) family. You happen to be able to participate in their pastime tasks, and there is you don’t need to share the email, cellular telephone, myspace and facebook account password to your lover.\n\nIn addition, you’ll be able to admire each other’s choices and requirements. In an excellent relationship, lovers will supporting each other and show their demands, to ensure one another can see your support and assistance for your, rather than belittle or ridicule.\n\n2 healthy commitment– Good communications\n\nIn a healthier commitment, devotee can best connect and resolve conflicts between the two.\n\nOften times, we frequently mistakenly believe that “love without quarreling” was “healthy.”\n\nIn fact, but arguing doesn’t mean that it will damage the partnership. What type of mindset is employed to talk about the conflicts and various opinions between one another will be the core that impacts the partnership.\n\nIf for the family where you was raised, your mother and father often quarreled, and also used hands-on fights, risks, and demeaning both to communicate different opinions datingranking and tips, you could think that the will be the “effective means of chatting with couples” which you have observed. .\n\nThere’s a lot of ways to speak, but to convince others celebration through demeaning, intimidating, and assault isn’t a form of correspondence that respects one other celebration.\n\nFacing conflict, in proper partnership, we you will need to coordinate each other’s desires in a very reasonable and equal method, rather than making use of “power” to control one another.\n\nWhen you posses encountered a harmful connection, how exactly to stop a poor union?\n\nBe sure to always remember this phrase: Encountering this type of a harmful connection just isn’t the mistake.\n\nBesides sustaining this relationship, you may have other options.\n\nYou can attempt these methods to finish this poor commitment.\n\n1. Ideas on how to finish an unhealthy relationship–re-trust your very own intuitive thinking\n\nEach one of you features intuition, but in a harmful connection, we could possibly drop rely upon all of our intuition and not recognize our own emotions. Thus, the initial step in enabling reduce an unhealthy union is to re-establish a sense of verification of how you feel.\n\nOnce I has an undesirable experience with a connection, I am actually unhappy.\n\n2 how-to stop a harmful relationship–find reinforcements\n\nBreak the deadlock of isolation and try to pick anybody and buddies to speak with.\n\nSpeak to your trusted friends or friends about your circumstance. You can also find trustworthy advisors or volunteers from the rights security hotline to look for her support.(Read:How does men feel when he is within fancy)\n\n3 how-to conclude an unhealthy relationship-plan and decisively stick with a behavior\n\nWhen you decide to leave the lover of a harmful individual, please follow your final decision and make particular systems on how to keep length from the ex, like completely disconnecting from telecommunications, such as social media family.\n\n4 Simple tips to end a poor relationship–Adjust your cognition, leaving does not mean your own failure\n\nNotice and see the thought: If I left your, it would be like admitting that I happened to be a trick, and then have been in appreciate with him for a long time? !\n\nThis type of mind will confuse you, and even influence your alternatives subtly. When you’ve got such mind, please tell yourself: leaving him/her doesn’t mean admitting that we hit a brick wall, it is the wisest alternatives.\n\n5 how-to conclude a poor relationship–you need to be ready before operating away\n\nIf you’re in an unhealthy commitment in your geographical area collectively, you are able to plan a comprehensive getaway course and program with the help of company, household, and anti-domestic violence agencies.(Read:What’s this is of sexless connection)\n\n6 how exactly to end a bad connection– getting monetary support\n\nIf your economic climate is in check in a poor connection, don’t hesitate.\n\nYou can look for financial service from relatives and buddies without getting uncovered by the lover, and strive to restore debt freedom, return to operate, and manage your very own financial voice.\n\n7 Ideas on how to end an unhealthy relationship–accept needed specialist consultation\n\nOften, when you understand that your commitment are unhealthy, even with the break up, you might still experience the trace of a partnership inside heart. Kindly look for the ideal mental consultant for professional psychological services , get free from emotional stress.\n\nIf you feel that you really have experienced a harmful commitment, I’m hoping my post can assist you to finish this bad partnership.(Read:9 signs of an unhealthy connection)\n\nIm Robin Chris, a writer discussing intriguing and really love advice on quora: ChrisRobin, should you ar single, might there is her/him indeed there!\n\n    Your Cart\n    Your cart is emptyReturn to Shop\n      Calculer l'expédition", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6500771045684814}
+{"content": "Uncommon statistics about mental fitness that people recognize little about\n\nNew Delhi: The world has, in the end, realized the need to speakme about mental health, and many people from distinct parts of the sector are taking the initiative to talk about it, destigmatize it, and to growing recognition about it. Many celebrities like Indian actress Deepika Padukone have spoken about battling mental fitness problems like depression, and many films and innovative works have additionally tried to address the problem.\n\nDear Zindagi, starring Alia Bhatt, spoke approximately how it’s far ok to are seeking for professional help in case you sense your intellectual fitness is struggling, and greater lately, Judgemental Hai Kya, starring Kangana Ranaut and Rajkumar Rao, has been within the news for talking approximately mental health problems.\n\nWhile each person can be trying their fine to unfold more focus approximately intellectual fitness and have human beings treat mental illnesses just like another frame ailment, a few myths are alas nonetheless believed with the aid of almost everyone. These myths and unclear facts may make it more difficult for patients with mental fitness troubles to deal with them and society to help them higher. Here are some facts approximately mental fitness that you ought to recognize to avoid such troubles.\n\nMental health problems affect youngsters. Most human beings accomplice mental fitness issues with younger those who are pressured approximately existence or profession, or older those who feel on their own when their kids have grown up. However, the reality is that mental fitness troubles can affect humans of any age, even children. According to WHO, about 20% of the world’s youngsters and adolescents have mental fitness problems, and approximately half of them begin earlier than 14 years of age. However, much less than 20% of these kids are actually able to acquire clinical assist and remedies for intellectual illness.\n\nPeople with intellectual health ailments are normally non-violent. Contrary to famous notions and fables, human beings with intellectual illnesses aren’t predictable or violent. In truth, the simplest three-5% of violent acts can, in reality, be associated with mental health issues that some people can be dealing with. On the other hand, people with mental fitness issues are at a higher threat of being victims of violence alternatively.\n\nStigma and discrimination in opposition to human beings with mental health issues prevent people from looking for mental fitness care. People who cope with intellectual disorders are frequently discriminated against even when there are remedies available for them. People are dealt with as less wise, incapable of making decisions, and additionally non-public relationships. Such treatment can make them experience remoted and stay far from getting treatment.\n\nLinda G. Taunton\n\n\nRoche’s Flu Medicine Xofluza Meets Goal in Study on Kids\n\nRoche Holding AG’s RHHBY member, Genentech, introduced a segment III look at investigating its new single-dose oral flu remedy, Xofluza (baloxavir marboxil), in kids...\n\nHow the three ideas of Yin Yoga follow to Change\n\nI became now not prepared to embrace a few adjustments that were getting into my lifestyle, which made me sad. I was introduced to...\n\nType 2 diabetes: The superfood validated to decrease blood sugar tiers\n\nTYPE 2 diabetes requires a person to revise their nutritional choices in a bid to manipulate their blood sugar levels. Fortunately, positive ingredients have...\n\nCancer may be leading killer of Scottish human beings\n\nIt is already regarded that poorly controlled diabetes can reduce lifestyles expectancy. However, a studies group desired to decide exactly what the reasons might...\n\nDirectly Observed Therapy Effective for Treatment-Resistant Hypertension\n\nA look at determined that normal assessment of adherence to blood pressure (BP)-decreasing pills and at once observed remedy (DOT) can be beneficial for...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8060222864151001}
+{"content": "UNI graduate student Athena-Sade Whiteside sings at commencement.\nJan 08, 2020\n\nMusic shines light on UNI student’s life\n\nAfter running away from an abusive home environment in high school and ending up in a youth homeless shelter, this student found solace in music at UNI.\n\nUNI's Cyber Defense team\nDec 04, 2019\n\nDeveloping cyber strategy\n\nFor the past several years, teams of University of Northern Iowa computer science majors have been competing in cyber defense contests, often taking on schools several times their size to either fight off or take part in cyber attacks in a purely digital battle. \n\nUNI student Madison Miller\nNov 20, 2019\n\nComing back from the unknown\n\nAnti-NMDAR encephalitis is a neurological autoimmune disease that can cause hallucinations, memory loss and even death — but it hasn’t stopped this UNI student from remembering where she’s going.\n\nUNI students research swallowing disorders.\nOct 24, 2019\n\nMaking it easier to swallow\n\nSwallowing can be something we take for granted. We do it without thought. But for someone suffering from dysphagia, which is the medical term for a difficulty with swallowing, this seemingly simple task is actually an intricate dance between the many nerves and muscles that coordinate eating and breathing. A misstep can be the difference between life and death. For these individuals, UNI is there to help.\n\nMonarch butterflies\nOct 23, 2019\n\nUNI students help document a natural phenomenon\n\nThe once mighty migration of monarch butterflies is in a climate-change-fueled decline, but UNI students are helping collect data that suggests a positive change might be on the horizon.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5356889963150024}
+{"content": "Characters for Order of Merlin\n\nA/N: Thank you ImUpToNoGood for suggesting this aid.\n\nMonseigneur Regulus Brown - born Regulus Black, brother of Sirius Black\n\nKnight Commander Sir Romano Chariton\n\nGertrude Wagner - Sister Gisele - resistance fighter before taking her orders, she works as a contract employee from time to time for Gringotts to help the Order, mentored several knights and orphans, and performs other duties for the Order of Merlin as needed.\n\nSir Charles Hector - Knight of the Order, mentors several squires and apprentices, is Harry Potter's knight for Harry's training.\n\n'Rock' Chatham aka Sir Rodney Chatham - Knight of the Order, teacher and mentor\n\nDame Rebecca Flores - studied at Hogwarts, teaches charms and transfiguration as part of her mentoring, is Squire Hermione's knight.\n\nSir Jerome Kerveil - French knight, distant cousin to Delacour, High Council, child of a Veela princess when she was sixteen. Dedicated to the Order, not abandoned like some of the others by his grandparents. He was told that his father was killed and his mother incapable of taking care of him.\n\nJoseph Kerveil - son of the same princess - in the same training as Harry Potter, and is of a similar age, raised in Rome by the sweet (and occasionally sour) sisters.\n\nKyle Rosier - Squib but doesn't want to admit it. Rescued by Remus Lupin when his mother sold him to become a werewolf and soldier for the Dark Lord\n\nSir Gerard Arsenau - High Council\n\nJames Matheson - born in Surrey. Muggleborn. Works as French auror\n\nEdward Long - spy serving Queen Elenore\n\nBriokz - goblin lawyer position called Dharma\n\n\nHer Majesty Queen Elenore of Spain, 89 when Harry is 14\n\nQueen Ifeoma - Veela Queen\n\nJean-Gabriel - King of France", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.99749356508255}
+{"content": "Help:Lint errors/deletable-table-tag/ja\n\nThis page is a translated version of the page Help:Lint errors/deletable-table-tag and the translation is 12% complete.\nOther languages:\n\nThis linter category has been added to assist editors in fixing wikitext and templates to ensure that their pages render correctly with a HTML5-based tool like RemexHTML and Parsoid.\n\n\n{| ← Table 1 starts here\n| foo\n{| ← Table 2 starts here. You can remove this code.\n|- ← Row for Table 2. You may remove this too if you wish so.\n| bar\n|} ← this closing tag is now useless and should be removed too\n\nIn this example, the first table will be closed once the second table is opened, This may not be what editors intended. In most case, editors should fix the wikitext and remove Table 2. While the following row-tag need not be removed, we recommend removing it. Since the closing table tag is no longer needed, it should be removed as well.\n\nAlternative fixes\n\nHowever, in some scenarios, editors might have forgotten to add a ‎<td> tag. In that scenario, the fix is to add a\nbefore the start of Table 2 which will fix the problem as well.\n\nNote that in some cases, the rendering may not necessarily be broken. In that case, it makes sense to explicitly close the first table.\n\nSo, the specific fix on a page is context-dependent.\n\n\nThis linter category relates to a table being nested inside another table in a fosterable position (inside a ‎<tr> or |- tag, for example).\n\nRemexHTML and Parsoid will preserve both table tags and will render two adjacent tables which might not be what the editor intended. In cases where the wikitext comes from a template, Linter will also tell you what template produced that output, but you will have to investigate the template source to identify the relevant piece of template code that produces that table tag and fix it. See example of a template fix.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7921411395072937}
+{"content": "Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. For most patients, medication alone is not sufficient to achieve glycemic control; attention must also be paid to multiple healthy behaviors including diet, regular physical activity, and stress management. Yoga, a mindfulness practice with emphasis on relaxation, meditation, and deep breathing, may have special relevance to people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Yoga practice may positively affect stress and other self-care tasks that will contribute to improved glycemic control. The Healthy, Active, and in Control (HA1C) study is designed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of yoga among adult patients with T2DM. In this pilot randomized controlled trial, adults with T2DM were randomly assigned to either a 12-week Iyengar Yoga intervention given twice weekly, or a twice-weekly 12-week program of traditional exercise (e.g., walking, stationary cycling). Assessments are conducted at the end of treatment (12 weeks) and at 3 and 6 months postintervention. The HA1C study will assess feasibility and acceptability (e.g., attendance/retention rates, satisfaction with program), glycemic outcomes (e.g., HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose), and changes in physiological (e.g., salivary cortisol) and behavioral factors (e.g., physical activity, diet) relevant to the management of T2DM. Focus groups are conducted at the end of the intervention to explore participants' experience with the program and their perception of the potential utility of yoga for diabetes management.\n\nThis content is only available as a PDF.\nYou do not currently have access to this content.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9950697422027588}
+{"content": "Ticks on Rabbits\n\nWhat are ticks?\n\nTicks are a widespread problem and are found worldwide. They are arachnids and have been grouped into two main families. These are known as the Argasidae and Ixodidae families.  They are vectors of many diseases as they are able to act as their carriers. The saliva of the tick which it injects into the hosts blood may contain toxins and possibly other organisms.\n\nTicks attach themselves to their hosts and feed on their blood. Many animals can become affected by ticks including cats, dogs, horses, cattle, sheep, and rabbits. Ticks will even drink the blood of humans. Once attached, they drink until they are completely full and then may drop off naturally. Ticks can feed off a rabbit for as long as a few days.\n\nFemale ticks are able to produce tens of thousands of eggs a day. There are over eight hundred species of ticks. They can infect both domesticated and wild rabbits, irrespective of whether they live indoors or outdoors. Environments with a high level of humidity are the more favourable conditions for the survival of a tick.\n\nWhich ticks can rabbits get?\n\nRabbits can become affected by both families of ticks. As mentioned above, these families are Argasidae and Ixodidae ticks. These ticks are more easily identified by the appearance of their outer coverings.\n\nThe Ixodidae ticks can also be known as “hard-shelled ticks”. This is because their external surface, known as a scutum, is relatively hard. All members of this family of ticks are able to affect rabbits. One such tick from this family is known as Ixodes scapularis and is more commonly found in America. It is responsible for one form of tick paralysis. Hard-shelled ticks release a special secretion called cementum which means they are able to hold onto the host more strongly. These ticks can take up to a few days until they drop off naturally.\n\n“Soft-shelled ticks” is the more commonly used name for the Argasidae ticks and these do not have a scutum. The cuticle of this family of ticks is soft and almost leathery in appearance. These ticks feed relatively quickly and may be full within a few hours. The soft-shelled ticks have a capitulum, or false head, which becomes hidden when the tick is viewed from its dorsal side.   \n\nHow do rabbits get ticks?\n\nTicks are able to sense the presence of animal by using all their senses which can involve smell, heat sensing, and humidity. It has also been suggested that they can detect carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. They then crawl to the top of, for example, a blade of grass. It appears that areas with long grass provide a preferable environment for most ticks. It must be noted that ticks cannot fly. Once an animal is present, it crawls onto it. The tick then finds a suitable area and burrows its mouthparts into the skin. It is here that it begins to feed. The tick can prevent the host feeling its presence by injecting nerve suppressing secretions.\n\nHow do I know if my rabbit has ticks?\n\nTicks are generally quite easy to spot on an affected animal. The tick can visibly be seen on the animal, or with animals with long fur, they can be felt. Rabbits are more commonly affected by ticks on their ears. The more blood the tick has ingested, the bigger it is and the easier it is to see. The rabbit itself may not be aware of the tick. This can be due to their small size or because of the numbing sensation the secretions may lead to.\n\nSome tick infections may lead to paralysis or present signs of weakness. Severely affected animals which are highly infested with numerous ticks can lose a lot of blood. As a result, this can lead to anaemia. As ticks are able to transmit diseases, the signs and symptoms presented may be due to these infections. As a result the signs and symptoms following a tick bite can vary dramatically.\n\nCan I stop my rabbit from getting ticks?\n\nThere are products available which can reduce the incidence of ticks in severely affected areas. These are commonly in the form of sprays. Care must be taken with these as many solutions may prove to be very harmful to your rabbit’s health. Flea collars are toxic for rabbits and can actually lead to death. By regularly grooming your pet, you are more likely to find ticks and prevent them from doing further, if any, damage. Long grass should be mowed to reduce the tick numbers in your garden.\n\nWhat do I do if my rabbit has ticks?\n\nIt is very important that when a tick is spotted that it should not be simply pulled out. If you are unsure about your ability to remove them correctly then veterinary advice should be sought. This is because the tick’s head can remain burrowed in the skin of the animal and this can lead to infections. In addition, if the bulbous part has pressure applied to it, harmful material may be injected into the affected animal. Severely anaemic animals are sometimes given a blood transfusion.\n\nSpecial tools are available for the removal of ticks and, although tweezers can be used, prove to be very successful and easy to use. The areas under the bulbous region should be firmly held with the tools and pulled out carefully and slowly. The tick should then be killed by either using veterinary products or alcohol in a small container. The affected area on the rabbits should then be cleaned and your hands should be thoroughly washed. Rabbits prone to having ticks due to a highly infested area should be regularly checked. Many products used on cats and dogs against ticks can be very dangerous if used on rabbits.\n\nWhat infections can rabbits get from ticks?\n\nThere are countless numbers of diseases which can be transmitted from ticks. These can include bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. Lyme disease can be transmitted by ticks as well as Rock Mountain Spotted Fever. Ehrlichiosis can also be carried by ticks as well as East Coast Fever and relapsing fever. Babesiosis and anaplasmosis are included in the long list of tick borne diseases. An abscess may result from incorrectly removing a tick and leaving the head burrowed in the skin.\n\nCan my rabbit die from getting ticks?\n\nRabbits do not commonly die from a tick bite although many diseases ticks may transfer can lead to their death.\n\n\n\nClose Bitnami banner", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5019201040267944}
+{"content": "Liverpool news: £90m Anfield star 'in the middle of being underrated and overrated' | OneFootball\n\n\nLogo: GiveMeSport\n\n\nEmmet Gates has claimed Liverpool star Mohamed Salah is \"in the middle of being underrated and overrated\".\n\nThe journalist believes the Anfield attacker's style of play has affected views on how good he actually is.\n\nWhat's the latest news involving Mohamed Salah?\n\nA pulsating start to the new season in which Salah's bagged nine goals in nine appearances across all competitions has created a debate over where the 29-year-old ranks among the top talents in world football.\n\nSome have argued Salah is now the best player in the world but doesn't quite receive the appreciation his form deserves.\n\nBut a player one person describes as a footballing genius will be claimed to be flattering to deceive by others, such is the subjective nature of the beautiful game.\n\nWith that in mind, Gates was asked whether he views Salah as overrated amid widespread arguments for him to be recognised as the best player on the planet.\n\nIs Mo Salah now the BEST IN THE WORLD?! Hear what fans are saying on The Football Terrace...\n\nWhat did Emmet Gates say about Mohamed Salah being overrated?\n\nSpeaking to GIVEMESPORT, journalist Gates suggested that Salah - who Transfermarkt value at £90m - falls somewhere between both underrated and overrated, in large part to the 'mechanical' nature of the way he operates.\n\nHe told GMS: \"Salah falls in the middle of being underrated and overrated. There's a certain very mechanical nature to Salah. He gets the ball, he scores and that's it. There's a real lack of almost panache about him, which makes him fly under the radar for a lot of people.\"\n\nHow many goals has Salah scored in his career?\n\nThroughout his entire career, Salah has scored 211 goals in 463 appearances at club level, as well as 43 goals in 71 appearances for Egypt.\n\nThat's a very solid return - especially when throwing in 103 club assists - but what makes Salah's goalscoring so interesting is how much it has accelerated since his move to Anfield.\n\n1 of 20\n\nWhat is Mohamed Salah's nationality?\n\nTunisian Algerian Moroccan Egyptian\n\n34 goals in 83 outings for Roma was a respectable haul, but at Liverpool Salah has scored at a rate of better than one-in-two, registering 134 goals in 212 outings.\n\nAlong the way, Salah has set the record for most goals in a 38-game Premier League season with 32 and become Liverpool's all-time leading goalscorer in the Champions League.\n\nnetting six times in the top flight already, 2021/22 might well be the season that sees him repeat the feat.\n\nMentioned in this article\nView publisher imprint", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9991598725318909}
+{"content": "Learning NLP techniques online can help you get a better understanding of how the program is designed to work. You will find a lot of information on NLP techniques online, and there are a few that work incredibly well.\n\n==> Ready to master every NLP technique quickly and easily? Try the Learn NLP At Home Course Here! <==\n\nThe NLP Swish Technique\n\nThe NLP swish is probably the most popular technique because it allows you to replace a negative emotion with a positive one. If you are feeling anxious, stressed, sad, or even depressed, the swish pattern will help you replace your undesired response with a happy one. Here’s the trick. First, choose a moment or event where you experience a negative emotion. Don’t choose anything traumatic, just a simple experience that brings up a negative feeling. Once you have an image of this event, begin thinking of something that makes you extremely happy or motivated. Firmly plant this image in your mind and make it compelling and detailed. Develop this image until you are ready to perform the swish. Now, what you want to do is think of the first situation, the bad one. Swish it immediately with the good one. Your subconscious mind will take some time to adjust to the good feelings being associated with that mindset, so perform it over and over again until you feel happy when you think of that situation.\n\nNLP in Selling\n\nOne of the most advantageous strategies that you can learn when you open a business, begin marketing, or any other endeavor where you need to sell yourself is how to stop selling and start persuading your customers to buy instead. People love to buy things, but they hate being sold. This simple trick will help you harness the power of your marketing strategies to the fullest effect.\n\nBuilding Rapport: Mirroring\n\nWhen you learn NLP techniques online, you learn how to more effectively communicate. Building rapport is an essential element to effective communication because it establishes trust and authenticity. To build rapport, you need to look for subtle cues from the person that you are speaking with. How do they speak? Mirror that. If they stand in a certain way, subtly position your body in the same way. If they make eye contact a lot, sustain eye contact for a longer period of time than you normally would.\n\nGetting Motivated\n\nYou can get motivated in just a few seconds with this technique. First, you will want to think about an event where you had success. Now, you need to completely relive that moment. Close your eyes and see and feel as much of it as you can. Once you are in that moment, you want to amp up the feelings that you are experiencing as much as possible. And now you’re motivated!\n\n\nSetting Goals\n\nOne thing that people often think about is setting goals, but with these NLP techniques online, you will be taught how to get your goals. One thing that you need to do in order to get your goals is to become very clear on what it is that you want. If your goals are general, you won’t be able to form an effective plan to reach them. You can also learn these other NLP Techniques online and put them into action immediately:\n\n  • Designing a Take Action Plan\n  • Achieving “Success Breakthroughs” by Asking the Right Questions\n  • How to Influence Others Effectively\n  • And Much, Much More…", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5387226343154907}
+{"content": "Speaking & Coaching Insights\n\n\nDr. Raquel Rubin-Jimenez: Life is a Journey. What Kind of Traveler Are You?\n\nDr. Raquel Rubin-Jimenez is a founding member of the Latin American Professional Speakers Association and is widely known as a bilingual speaker.  Her latest book, “El Vidajero” focuses on the journey of life and uses the analogy of being a driver in a car as you navigate.   Dr. Rubin encourages the viewer to shift their focusing on the perception of how life has been unfair to taking setbacks and better understanding the meaning of those setbacks and how they have contributed in a positive way to your life. Never is too late to start the journey of your life to the destiny you want.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999135732650757}
+{"content": "What percent of people use travel agents?\n\nWhat demographic uses travel agents?\n\n72.5% of all Travel Agents are women, while 23.0% are men. The average age of an employed Travel Agent is 51 years old. The most common ethnicity of Travel Agents is White (68.7%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (10.2%) and Asian (9.8%).\n\nIs the travel agent industry dying?\n\nWhile the outlook for 2021 is more promising, travel agents are still reeling from the devastation of 2020. According to ASTA, the average agency saw business crater 82 percent last year and it laid off about 60 percent of its staff.\n\nAre travel agents worth it 2021?\n\nIf you’re thinking about booking a vacation in 2021, it’s a no brainer to book with a travel advisor. Working with an agent can save you both time and money and in turn, reduce all the stress that comes along with travel planning. … In the long run, they will end up saving you money on your vacation.\n\nIs it smart to use a travel agent?\n\nTravel agents are useful if you’re doing a very costly or complex trip, planning a honeymoon or something fancy, or traveling with a large group. … They are also perfect for people who just don’t want to handle a big, complicated trip themselves. Travel agents offer them peace of mind.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Your question: How do travel agents engage?\n\nDo travel agents travel for free?\n\n\nWhat is average hourly rate for a travel agent?\n\nThe average hourly wage for a Travel Agent in the United States is $18 as of August 27, 2021, but the salary range typically falls between $17 and $21.\n\nHow much do first year travel agents make?\n\nThe pay isn’t necessarily exorbitant—the median income is $38,700 a year, as reported by the U.S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics, but according to Pindar, it can actually be much higher. “Agents make anywhere from $50K to $100K on the low end and up to $250K to $500K annually,” says Pindar.\n\nHow much does a travel agent make?\n\nHost Agency Reviews and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) found some common ground in regard to the average salary of a travel agent. The BLS currently lists the average travel agent salary in 2019 as $44,690 with a range of $23,360 and $69,420 dividing the lower to upper 10% of travel agents.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9962939023971558}
+{"content": "How much money does India make from tourism?\n\nHow much does tourism contribute to the Indian economy?\n\nContribution of travel and tourism to GDP of India 2019-2020\n\nIn 2020, the travel and tourism sector in India contributed around 4.7 percent to the total GDP of the country.\n\nWhich country has the highest income from tourism?\n\nCountries with the highest tourism income 2019\n\nThat year, the U.S. topped the ranking by generating about 214.1 billion U.S. dollars in international tourism receipts. Following by a huge margin, Spain came in second with 79.7 billion U.S. dollars.\n\nWhich is the richest state in India?\n\nHYDERABAD: Claiming that Telangana is the richest state in the country, chief minister K Chandrasekhar Rao said the state’s per capita income is over Rs 2.2 lakh which is higher than the national per capita income (GDP) of Rs 1 lakh. He said Telangana stands next only to Karnataka’s GSDP in the country.\n\nWhich country is best in tourism?\n\n\nRank Destination International tourist arrivals (2018)\n1 China 62.9 million\n2 Thailand 38.2 million\n3 Japan 31.2 million\n4 Malaysia 25.8 million\n\nHow much does Pakistan earn from tourism?\n\nAccording to the World Travel and Tourism Council, the direct contribution of travel and tourism to Pakistan’s GDP in 2016 was US$7.6 billion (PKR 793.0 billion), constituting 2.7% of the total GDP. By 2025, the government predicts tourism will contribute ₨1 trillion (US$6.2 billion) to the Pakistani economy.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Can NGO receive foreign money?\n\nWhich state makes most money from tourism in India?\n\n\nNumber of domestic tourist visits in India in 2019, by leading state (in millions)\n\nCharacteristic Domestic tourist visits in millions", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9979124069213867}
+{"content": "Hybotidae (Diptera) from Turkey, with descriptions of seven new species Barták, Miroslav Kubík, Štěpán Zootaxa 2018 2018-04-18 4410 3 453 482 Barták & Kubík, 2018 Barták & Kubík 2018 [151,386,1275,1301] Insecta Hybotidae Platypalpus GBIF Animalia Diptera 9 462 Arthropoda species moceki sp. nov.   Type material. HOLOTYPE♂, labelled: “TURCIA MER. ,  10 kmE Mut, Bogcagiz  800 m, pine f. [= forest] + pasture, B. Mocek  1.5.1996” ( CULSP).   PARATYPES: 6♂, 7♀, same data as holotype ( CULSPand MHK);  1♀, Turciamer,  10 kmN Silifke, Yenibahce  600 m, mixed forest B. Mocek,  1.v.1996( CULSP).   Diagnosis.Yellow species of the P. pallidiventris—cursitansgroup with 2 pairs of vertical setae; thorax microtrichose except lustrous spot on katepisternum in male, central part of mesoscutum lustrous in female; mid tibial spur blunt in both sexes (in male with saddle-like apex armed with spine-like seta); long sparse pale posteroventral setae on mid femur.   Description. Male. Headblack with lower part of frons, face, gena and clypeus more or less (variable) yellowish to yellow, very light (almost silvery) grey microtrichose, all setae whitish yellow. Frons about 0.07 mmbroad on lower part (about as broad as pedicel but slightly collapsed in all specimens), slightly widening dorsally. Face broader than frons (about 0.10 mmbroad at middle), distinctly keel-like protruding. Gena broad, microtrichose. Antenna ( Fig. 19) with both basal segments yellow, postpedicel yellow basally and darkened in apical half to fifth (variable), stylus brown; postpedicel 2.8–3.3X longer than broad, stylus about as long as postpedicel. Clypeus microtrichose. Palpus broadly ovate and distinctly tipped, pale yellow, about 3/4 as long as proboscis, with 1–2 subterminal white seta(e). Ocellar setae whitish yellow and long (about 0.18 mm), posterior pair half as long. Two pairs of pale vertical setae, outer pair lateroclinate and about as long as ocellars, inner pair inclinate and slightly longer, inserted 0.15 mmapart. Occiput whitish yellow setose, setae shorter on dorsal half and longer on ventral part. Proboscis blackish brown, half as long as head height or slightly less. Thoraxentirely yellow, microtrichose (only narrow stripe below acrostichals devoid of microtrichia), katepisternum narrowly lustrous, leaving microtrichose stripes on both anterior and posterior parts. All setae whitish yellow. Chaetotaxy: postpronotal seta long and strong accompanied with several short setulae; acrostichals nearly regularly narrowly biserial and slightly diverging, about 0.07 mmlong, about 10 setae in one row; dorsocentrals equally long and irregularly 2–3 serial, last pair long, prescutellar depression with setae; notopleuron usually with two setae on posterior part (lower one sometimes reduced) and several additional short setae; 1 long postalar and 1 pair of long scutellar setae (mostly with additional pair of small hairs laterally). Wingclear with pale veins. R4+5 and M1+2 slightly converging apically. Crossveins broadly separated. CuA2 slightly recurrent to almost perpendicular, almost straight and shortened. Costal seta moderately long, yellow. Squama pale yellow with yellow fringes. Halter pale yellow. Legsentirely yellow including coxae and last tarsomeres (only with small dark dots on trochanters and apically darkened midtibial spur). Most setae whitish yellow except ventral spines on mid femur and tibia, some larger setae darkened. Fore femur thickened; rows of antero- and posteroventral setae slightly shorter than half of femur depth. Fore tibia slightly spindle-like dilated, short setose, setae mixed yellow and brown. Mid femur about as deep as fore femur (but longer), with several long, pale posteroventral setae. Mid tibia with apical spur as long as tibia depth, rather saddle-like excavated apically, ending with spine-like seta. Hind legs thin, femur short setose ventrally. Abdomenyellow including genitalia (with exception of brown hypandrium). Tergite 2 nearly completely microtrichose on lateral parts, tergite 3 with basal half microtrichose laterally and tergite 4 with basal third microtrichose, remaining parts including venter and epandrial lamellae lustrous. All abdominal setae pale and moderately long. Genitalia ( Figs 20–22): left epandial lamella ( Fig. 22) elongate, short setose dorsally and apically, with very long ventral outgrowth only narrowly connected with lamella bearing more than 30 long setae (about 0.20 mmlong but appearing shorter on figure illustrated from standardized plane); cerci digitiform and short ( Fig. 21), right epandrial lamella ( Fig. 20) broadly ovate, with ovate surstylus bearing small setae ventrally. Female.Similar to male except as follows: central disc of mesoscutum lustrous leaving postpronotum, narrow stripe along postpronotum, notopleuron, scutellum and narrow stripe on lateral parts microtrichose; midtibial spur of different shape: rounded, in lateral view with flat ventral part and more convex dorsal side (without sadle-like excavation); abdominal tergites more lustrous (only tergites 1–2 and last three tergites and last sternite microtrichose and darkened); postpedicel in most specimens darker, yellow only on basal part. Length:body 2.4–3.0 mm, wing 2.4– 3.4 mm.   Etymology.The species epithet,  moceki, is a Latin genitive patronym to honor Dr. Bohuslav Mocek ( Hradec Králové), the collector of typeseries.   Distribution. Turkey, Mersin province.   Remarks.The species described above is most allied to the recently described species,  P. amankutanensis Barták & Shamshev, 2015. The latter species has a sharp midtibial spur in both sexes and quite different male genitalia (lateral lamella without setose outgrowth). Moreover, sexual dimorphism in microtrichosity of mesoscutum is rare feature in the genus  Platypalpus. The species described above may be only with difficulties arranged into the key by Grootaert & Chvála (1992)due to controversies in couplet 18 (the species does not run to couplet 19 nor to 21). Deeper changes are necessary to re-arrange species under couplet 18. 1996-05-01 CULSP B. Mocek 800 Bogcagiz 9 462 1 [607,1381,1412,1437] 1996-05-01 CULSP B. Mocek 800 Bogcagiz 9 462 13 7 6 paratype 1996-05-01 CULSP B. Mocek 600 Turcia Yenibahce 9 462 1 1 paratype", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6667146682739258}
+{"content": "What is fencing permit in the Philippines?\n\nWhat is fencing requirements?\n\n\nNEW SOUTH WALES – As a general rule, a residential fence should not exceed 1.8m in height. … NORTHERN TERRITORY – In most cases, you will need a permit to build a fence that exceeds 1m in height. In some areas, you are not required to have a fence around a residential property.\n\nWhat are the types of permits?\n\nThere are seven main types of work permits: Hot Work Permits, Cold Work Permits, Confined Spaces Work Permits, Chemical Work Permits, Height Work Permit, and Excavation Permit. Each work permit is categorized depending on the nature of the job and the hazard involved in it.\n\nWhat is fencing permit for?\n\nA requirement for the construction of fences which are greater than 3 feet in height, measured from the finished grade which are also 10 feet of any street right of way or access easement or within 20 feet of a corner.\n\nHow do I get a fence permit in the Philippines?\n\nFencing Permit\n\n  1. Application Form signed by owner/applicant, signed and sealed by Engineer, Forms are available at the Office of the Building Official.\n  2. 5 sets Fencing Plans signed by the owner/ applicant , duly signed /sealed by Engineer.\n  3. Updated PTR/ PRC of Engineers.\nTHIS IS AMAZING:  Your question: Is 5'9 tall in the Philippines?\n\nWhat is the legal height of a fence between Neighbours?\n\nTable of Contents: Debating over boundary fence height between neighbours may not always give birth to productive solutions. You are aware that the legal height limit for a fence is no more than 2 metres.\n\nWhat is the highest fence you can put up?\n\nThe Legalities of Fence Height\n\n\nWho can issue a permit to work?\n\nThe person nominated to issue the permits-to-work must inform the principal contractor, where appropriate, to ensure the work does not overlap with any other activity and then complete a ‘notice of permit-to-work’ which should contain details of: The task to be carried out. The exact location of the work.\n\nWhy do you need a permit to work?\n\nA permit to work (PTW) is a formal written safety control system that is implemented to help prevent accident or injury to personnel, prevent damage to plant/machinery and to prevent damage to a product or to a client site. This is, in particular, required when the work has foreseeable high risk content.\n\nWhat does a work permit contain?\n\nThe permit will at this stage have all vital information including inter-alia the work to be done, the hazards identified, the precautions to be taken (including PPE) and the members of the team who will do the work with their skills/competencies checked.\n\nTHIS IS AMAZING:  What was the purpose of Asean?\n\nHow much it cost to build a fence in Philippines?\n\nCOST OF THE FENCE: While the fence is not quite complete we can see that the total cost will be about one million pesos including the fence, three gates (two vehicle, one pedestrian), well, pump and fill. This comes to about P5,500 pesos per meter of fence.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9987968802452087}
+{"content": "Making the moment eternal\n\nUpdated: Mar 26, 2019\n\nNature Photography is undisputedly one of the most captivating, crafty and awe inspiring branch of photography. The combination of elements in this field gives it an artistic look and hence we can say that nature photography is no less than an art compromising of technique, trials, influential outputs and sophisticated finishing.\n\nSkill is very important for any craft whether it be painting, coloring or anything else. Seldom have masterpieces been seen emerging accidently without following any specific protocol. Likewise also to produce NP classics you require some techniques and skills.\n\nYou do not only require vast knowledge of stuff being picturised but also need some technical expertise over your camera, lighting and angle strategies to obtain perfect clicks. If you follow the details of techniques of famous photographers you can achieve success in your field. However the downside is working on the same formula produces same kind of images which subsequently bores the audience so you need to adopt multiple skills in order to shine in this field.\n\nTime also plays a serious role in nature photography. Capturing a squirrel eating cutely will definitely be a greater shot than simply capturing a still one. Unique moments logically produce exceptional images. Under this law professionalism in nature photography is extended to a vast and wide sphere where any one lucky enough to click a picture at the right moment will be declared as a good nature photographer. Hence we can come to a conclusion that time like in all spheres of life also matters in photography and being present at the right place at the right time can make you win awardable photos.\n\nAccording to a critic “The more time you spend with a particular subject, or at a particular locale, the less often the truly significant images become a matter of \"chance\" images. If you are spending time traveling from one location to another you are not giving yourself the time to immerse yourself in your subject so that you are there when truly significant events unfold. The best volumes of work have been produced by those photographers who eat, breathe, and exist with their subjects, day to day, week to week, and month to month. Those photographers are \"there\" when a truly significant event occurs.”\n\nPractically there is no formula to get things correct in nature photography like in every kind of craft you are groomed over time by the evolution process similarly in the field of nature photography gradually increasing experience can make you a pro. The powerful and fascinating wildlife that photographers capture is the output of combining ages of accumulated photography experience.\n\nYou need not to depend on just one gimmick or try to get things different than usual instead you need to focus more on your vision. Your vision strikes internally and its development may consume a little time. You need to experience more away from conventional lines and you need to pay less regard to other’s opinions. Take all your shots yourself and if by in the end some of your work fascinates you it means you have passed in your mission and your hard work have bore fruit.\n\nVisit my Art & Nature photography work at: http://www.chrisayresphoto.com/\n\n0 views0 comments", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7891998291015625}
+{"content": "Deep Learning for Automatic Colorization of Legacy Grayscale Aerial Photographs\n\nPoterek, Q. ; Herrault, P.A. ; Skupinski, G.; Sheeren, D. (2020). Deep Learning for Automatic Colorization of Legacy Grayscale Aerial Photographs. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. PP. 1-1.\n\nDOI: 10.1109/JSTARS.2020.2992082.\n\nRésumé: Legacy grayscale aerial photographs represent one of the main available sources for studying the past state of the environment and its relationship to the present. However, these photographs lack spectral information thereby hindering their use in current remote sensing approaches that rely on spectral data for characterizing surfaces. This article proposes a conditional generative adversarial network, a deep learning model, to enrich legacy photographs by predicting color channels for an input grayscale image. The technique was used to colorize two orthophotographs (taken in 1956 and 1978) covering the entire Eurométropole de Strasbourg. To assess the model's performances, two strategies were proposed: first, colorized photographs were evaluated with metrics such as peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index (SSIM); second, random forest classifications were performed to extract land cover classes from grayscale and colorized photographs, respectively. The results revealed strong performances, with PSNR = 25.56 ± 2.20 and SSIM = 0.93 ± 0.06 indicating that the model successfully learned the mapping between grayscale and color photographs over a large territory. Moreover, land cover classifications performed on colorized data showed significant improvements over grayscale photographs, respectively, +6% and +17% for 1956 and 1978. Finally, the plausibility of outputs images was evaluated visually. We conclude that deep learning models are powerful tools for improving radiometric properties of old aerial grayscale photographs and land cover mapping. We also argue that the proposed approach could serve as a basis for further developments aiming to promote the use of aerial photographs archives for landscapes reconstruction.\n\nPosts à l'affiche", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999992847442627}
+{"content": "News Release\n\nCatching CRISPR in action\n\nUniversity of North Texas researchers use supercomputers to create first all-atom simulation of genome editing in action\n\nPeer-Reviewed Publication\n\nUniversity of Texas at Austin, Texas Advanced Computing Center\n\nCRISPR/Cas9 Produces Staggered Ends at Cleavage Site\n\nimage: A visual description of the CRISPR/Cas9 research explored by UNT researchers using TACC supercomputers. Simulations found that Cas9 produces staggered, \"sticky\" ends, which may make them easier to manipulate for future use. view more \n\nCredit: Jin Liu and Zhicheng Zuo, UNT\n\nOne of the most talked about biological breakthroughs in the past decade was the discovery of the genome editing tool CRISPR/Cas9, which can alter DNA and potentially remove the root causes of many hereditary diseases.\n\nOriginally found as part of the immune system of the Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria, CRISPR associated protein 9 (CAS9), in its native state, recognizes foreign DNA sequences and disables them.\n\nIn bacteria, the system is used to target foreign viral DNA from bacteriophages - DNA that it has already recognized as an enemy through its evolutionary history and has incorporated a record of it into its own DNA.\n\nCRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, pronounced \"crisper\") represent segments of DNA that contain short repetitions of base sequences followed by short segments of \"spacer DNA\" derived from previous exposures to foreign DNA. The complex consists of proteins that unravel DNA, others that cut the double helix at a specific location, and a guide RNA that can recognize enemy DNA in the cell.\n\nResearchers studying this ancient immune system realized that, by changing the sequence of the guide RNA to match a given target, it could be used to cut not just viral DNA, but any DNA sequence at a precisely chosen location. Furthermore, new sections of DNA could be introduced to join to the newly cut sections.\n\nThe method was first conceived and developed by Jennifer Doudna (University of California, Berkeley) and Emmanuelle Charpentier (Umeå University) and has been used in cultured cells -- including STEM cells -- and in fertilized eggs to create transgenic animals with targeted mutations that help study genetic functions. CRISPR/Cas9 can affect many genes at once, allowing for the treatment of diseases that involve the interaction of many genes.\n\nThe method is improving rapidly and is expected to one day have applications in basic research, drug development, agriculture, and treating human patients with genetic diseases.\n\nHowever, creating targeted CRISPR/Cas9 mutations is currently expensive and time-consuming, particularly for large-scale studies. The process is also error prone, limiting its widespread use. These problems stem, in part, from a lack of full understanding of how CRISPR/Cas9 works at the molecular level.\n\nIn November, a research team from the University of North Texas (UNT) led by Jin Liu used the Maverick supercomputer at the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) to perform the first all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of Cas9-catalyzed DNA cleavage in action.\n\nThe simulations, reported in Nature Scientific Reports, shed light on the process of Cas9 genome editing. They also helped resolve controversies about specific aspects of the cutting: such as where precisely the edits occur and whether Cas9 generates blunt-ended or staggered-ended breaks with overhangs in the DNA.\n\n\"Right now there are quite a few problems in how we use this in the therapeutic applications. The specificity and efficiency of the enzyme are not high,\" Liu said. \"It is also difficult to deliver the enzyme to the position of the gene editing. To solve these problems, first, we need to know how this enzyme works. Our research is providing the foundation for the understanding of the mechanism of Cas9.\"\n\nScientists had previously determined the structure of Cas9 in its inactive state through x-ray crystallography, but the gene editing process happens so fast that no experimental technique could capture its state changes and determine exactly how it works.\n\nUsing molecular dynamics simulations -- a method of studying the dynamics of molecules by simulating the interactions of a large numbers of atoms over a fixed time -- Liu and co-author Zhicheng Zuo, also at UNT, were able to observe the changes in the Cas9 enzyme in femtosecond resolution and capture the transition to the system's active state.\n\nThe simulations included Mg2+ ions, which are believed to induce the conformation changes in Cas9 so it can function. The researchers hypothesized that the Mg2+ ions induce the conformational change to an active state by facilitating the proximity of Cas9 active sites and DNA.\n\nThe simulations Liu and Zuo ran on Maverick encompassed 280,000 interacting atoms. The most challenging part, according to Liu, was effectively sampling conformation spaces to locate the active state.\n\n\"We tried our best to enhance the reliability of our simulation results,\" Liu said. \"We did several long 200 and 300 nanosecond trajectories, and we also did several short trajectories of 60 nanoseconds, to ensure we had consistent results. For each configuration, we performed at least six parallel simulations.\"\n\nIn addition to studying how the CRISPR/Cas9 complex changes into its active state, the simulations shed a light on where it snipped the DNA.\n\n\"Normally people believe it is cut at one position, but there is no clear evidence showing that,\" said Liu, assistant professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at UNT. \"Using our computational methods, we determined the cutting occurs at another position, which could mean that this enzyme could cut DNA in a more controllable way. So, by doing this work, we open the door for designing a more efficient enzyme that could cut DNA in a more specific way.\"\n\nTheir final contribution answered whether genome editing generated blunt ends or staggered ends -- an unresolved question with practical implications.\n\nCRISPR/Cas9 cuts both halves of a double-stranded DNA. If it cuts at the same position on both strands it would generate blunt ends; if it cuts at a slightly different position, it would create staggered ends. Their simulations suggested CRISPR/CAS9 creates staggered ends.\n\n\"This will be quite critical for gene editing because staggered-ended DNA is more controllable than the blunt-ended DNA,\" she said.\n\nIok-Hou Pang, chair of Pharmaceutical Sciences at UNT, uses CRISPR/Cas9 to do experimental eye research in his lab. For both his current and future research he sees the value of a clearer understanding of the enzyme's behavior.\n\n\"My lab has been using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system to knockdown a novel protein in cultured mouse optic nerve astroglial cells,\" said Pang. \"Dr. Liu's work will help us understand the molecular interaction between the enzyme system and its substrate and will eventually help to improve its efficiency, which is tremendously useful for this wonderful molecular technique.\"\n\nIn 2015, under the auspices of the National Academies of Science, global scientists declared a moratorium on using CRISPR/Cas9 to edit the human genome in ways that could be inherited (though there are indications that researchers have already broken this injunction). Too little, they said, was known about the process and the long-term effects of doing so. But research like Liu's could one day play a role in fine-tuning these tools and making them feasible for human use.\n\n\"We're trying to understand the mechanism of the genome editing enzyme that could have great potential toward future pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications and that might get us closer to a position where this technology could be used on human diseases,\" Liu said \"Without TACC resources this research would be impossible to perform.\"\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9796669483184814}
+{"content": "Tea Kettle Tea Packets\n\n\n\n\n\n\nHere are the details on this item:\n\nCustom Tea Packets\n\nCreate a beau\"tea\" ful memory !\n\nOne the front of each packet, we will customize with the expectant mother's first name and shower date along with the sentiment \" A baby is brewing\" . On the back flap, we will add the sentiment \"Enjoy a cup of tea from the mom to be\" (unless otherwise instructed) Choose your design from one of the above, or mix and match!\n\n\nTea packets measurements are approx. 2.5\" in height by just a little over 2\" in width.\n\nTo personalize this item, just enclose your printing instructions in the \"personalization\" section at check out.\n\nshipping is free", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8532371520996094}
+{"content": "Your Place of Power in the Universe ∞The 9D Arcturian Council\n\nnature sunset people woman\nPhoto by cottonbro on\n\nYour Place of Power in the Universe ∞The 9D Arcturian Council, Channeled by Daniel Scranton\n\n\nWe are the ones in this galaxy who seek to promote peace and unity through finding those states of being within the self. We are not as concerned as others are with fighting the good fight. Although we respect those who protect humanity and others from harm, that is not our way. We seek to promote the peace and unity within the galaxy and universe through appealing to that which is within each and every one of you. We seek to amplify those feelings within you through our messages and through the energies that we send.\n\nWe know that it is hard to measure results when you go about seeking to have peace in your world, in the galaxy, and in the universe in this way that we are describing. But we also want you to realize that even if all weapons on your world were disarmed simultaneously, the people with the feelings within them that were left unresolved, and that were filled with hate and anger, and even fear, would find another way to start a war.\n\nAnd so, all problems throughout the universe must be addressed at their origins. There must be a willingness to look within the self and to acknowledge what is present there. There must be a willingness to accept what is present within the self, to embrace it, and to release the judgments that you have of yourselves and others. Until you do, you will continue to perpetuate that which you do not wish to see on your world and throughout the universe.\n\nAscension is not about separating the good from the bad and allowing the good to move on, while the bad is left to fight and war amongst itself. If you are awake, truly awake, then you are willing to look within yourselves for that which you may not like to see, and you are willing to make peace with it as it is. You are also seeking to look outside of yourself at where the most love, healing, and forgiveness is needed. You are compassionate, even to those who are lashing out because they know no other way and because they are hurt, traumatized, and have been given no opportunities to heal from their families, teachers, and society as a whole.\n\nTherefore, you are the peacemakers. You are the ones that everyone on Earth has been looking for and waiting for. Every single one of you is as important as the other. Every single one of you can have the biggest impact you can possibly imagine. That’s the way it is and the way it has always been there on Earth, and those who have come to know this truth have lived their lives accordingly and have been responsible for peace treaties amongst people who lived in countries that were thousands of miles away.\n\nThe origin of everything starts within the person who is awake and who is conscious and aware of what’s going on inside of them. This is why we tell you that the news about what’s going on outside of you, behind the scenes and in the shadows, matters not at all. It is because we know how the universe works and what your place in it is. We know how powerful you are, and we would never want to disempower you by telling you a story that is just one reality, one truth, and that caused you to focus outside of yourselves, where you have no power. The inner realm is where all your power lies and it is where we meet you. It is where we are available to you all the time and where we spread the peace within you so that you may spread it all around your beautiful planet.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5510329604148865}
+{"content": "Life in Bunker\n\ndescription Beschreibung und Anforderungen\n\nLife in Bunker is a sandbox bunker-building simulator.\n\nYou've been elected as the new Bunker Warden! Now you must take control over a group of fellow bunker residents and try to make them last until the surface becomes habitable. The task however is not trivial. The underground life is difficult, full of danger and the residents will heavily rely on your wise, sometimes not so wise, decisions. One wrong step can put the entire Bunker on the brink of extinction.\n\nSo, manage wisely, spend you resources carefully and your bunker will prosper.\n\nmessage Bewertungen\n\nmessage Life in Bunker Bewertungen\n\nstarFügen Sie eine Bewertung hinzu", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.977676272392273}
+{"content": "GrandPrairieRecruiter Since 2001\nthe smart solution for Grand Prairie jobs\n\nHigh School Principal\n\nCompany: Cameron Craig Group\nLocation: Grand Prairie\nPosted on: November 19, 2021\n\nJob Description:\n\nWe are working with a school based in TX that is in need of a principal for their school. The client will accept candidates with a leadership background working in a school.\n\nPrimary Purpose:\nThe Principal will achieve a high degree of both managerial and instructional leadership\nroles, all with the intent of student success and with an obligation to district, state and\nfederal policies and guidelines.\n\nMaster's Degree or higher degree\nTexas principal certificate or equivalent experience\nSpecial Knowledge/Skills:\nWorking knowledge of curriculum and instruction\nAbility to evaluate instructional program and teaching effectiveness\nAbility to manage budget and personnel\nAbility to coordinate campus functions\nAbility to implement policy and procedures\nAbility to interpret data\nStrong organizational and leadership, communication, public relations, and interpersonal\nExcellent integrity and good moral character and initiative\n\nThree years experience as a classroom teacher\nTwo years experience in a principal or instructional leadership roles\nMajor Responsibilities and Duties:\nInstructional Leadership(Work with district directors and officers to ensure accomplishment of goals)\n1. Monitor instructional and managerial processes to ensure that program activities are related\nto program outcomes and use data to take corrective actions.\nAdvantage Academy\nTitle I School\n2. Consults and confer with Principal's cabinet about planning, operation, supervision, and\nevaluation of campus educational programs regularly. Include students and community\nrepresentatives when appropriate.\n3. Foster the success of all students by facilitating the development, communication,\nimplementation and evaluation of a shared vision of teaching and learning that leads to\nacademic progress for all students\n4. Communicates a clear mission and vision to all stakeholders to develop a cohesive team\n5. Distributes effective leadership and sharing responsibilities among the campus team to\nestablish a system of learning where all campus staff is held accountable for student\n6. Monitors curriculum, instruction and assessment of teachers with the intent on positive\nstudent outcomes\n7. Articulate instructional practices, strategies, standards and curriculum implementations;\nincluding instructional technology and innovative programs\n8. Monitor and integrate all special programs including but not limited to (Special Education,\nEnglish as a Second Language, Bilingual Education, Response to intervention, At-Risk, etc.)\n9. Work with district directors to ensure effective learning for all students\nSchool Climate (Work with district directors and officers to ensure accomplishment of goals)\n10. Builds positive relationships among all school and district staff in order to provide a team\nspirit throughout the school community.\n11. Ability to model, motivate and communicate a high level of respect and expectations; and\ndevelop a culture where all stakeholders are involved to create a positive and effective\nlearning environment.\n12. Ensure a high level of communication skills are used to effectively engage stakeholders, to\ndevelop a shared vision and to keep dialogue open between parents, staff, students and\n13. Work collaboratively with central office directors to ensure effectiveness of all areas\n14. Provide a high degree of integrity, openness and honesty to uphold high ethical standards\nand conduct.\n\nKeywords: Cameron Craig Group, Grand Prairie , High School Principal, Education / Teaching , Grand Prairie, Texas\n\nClick here to apply!\n\nDidn't find what you're looking for? Search again!\n\nI'm looking for\nin category\n\nLog In or Create An Account\n\nGet the latest Texas jobs by following @recnetTX on Twitter!\n\nGrand Prairie RSS job feeds", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9694158434867859}
+{"content": "FAQ: How Many Paintings In Lower Aventa Dishonored 2?\n\nHow many Paintings are in Dishonored 2?\n\nEdge of the World There are 4 paintings to collect in Mission 2.\n\nHow many Sokolov Paintings are there?\n\nSokolov Paintings are exactly as they sound, paintings done by Anton Sokolov. They are hidden throughout the missions and total eleven, with each one giving you 300 coins when you grab it.\n\nWho did the Paintings in Dishonored 2?\n\nSokolov’s Paintings are collectible works of art in Dishonored, Dishonored 2 and Death of the Outsider, created by Anton Sokolov.\n\nIs there a black market in Upper aventa?\n\nBlack Market Shop area north of the station plaza (block N7S on the map and the area adjacent to it). There is a beggar in the northwest corner of the area in front of the Black Market Shop who will give you information about the planned heist if you give him some coin.\n\nWhat to do with Paolo Dishonored 2?\n\nAlternatively, Paolo can be neutralized by being placed in a crate found in the silvergraph store where he will be shipped off to Karnaca’s silver mines for five years of servitude, killed and delivered to Byrne to gain the latter’s assistance, or both men can be ignored completely.\n\nYou might be interested:  Quick Answer: How Do Altered States Of Consciousness Factor Into The Study Of Ancient History Paintings?\n\nWhat is Karnaca?\n\nKarnaca, also known as “The Jewel of the South at the Edge of the World”, is the capital city of Serkonos, located in the eastern portion of the nation and at the southernmost tip of the Empire. It serves as the main setting of Dishonored 2.\n\nHow old is Daud?\n\nYou can locate it by dropping into the water from where you start Central Rudshore (from Rudshore Waterfront) and swim towards Daud’s Base entrance. At the first streetlight, stop and turn 90° left. Follow that sidepath to an underwater safe (there’s an air pocket above it). The safe combination is 4-2-8.\n\nWho did the art for Dishonored?\n\nViktor Antonov (born in Sofia, Bulgaria) is a video game art director and conceptual artist who worked with Valve on Half-Life 2 and Half-Life 2: Lost Coast. Antonov was the visual design director of Dishonored and oversaw the design of many of the unique settings in the game.\n\nHow old is Emily Kaldwin Dishonored 2?\n\nEmily as an adult. By the time Emily is 24 years of age, she develops a strong sense of morality, believing that her rule is firm and just.\n\nHow do you beat Delilah in Copperspoon?\n\nUse the heart on Delilah. As soon as the hounds escape, use the heart on Delilah to start a short cutscene. Note! It is REQUIRED to use the heart on Delilah to kill her and to eliminate her non-lethally.\n\nWhy did Billie lurk betray Daud?\n\nIt is revealed at the end of the DLC that Billie betrayed Daud to Delilah, and planned to murder him herself. Believing he had grown weak and unstable after the assassination of Jessamine Kaldwin, Billie decided to unseat him as the leader of the Whalers and take his place.\n\nYou might be interested:  How Many Fish Paintings Did William Merritt Chase Paint?\n\nHow do you break into the first black market?\n\nHow to Get Inside the Black Market:\n\n  1. Turn right and look in the window as you enter the Black Market room.\n  2. Next, grab the crank-wheel leaning against the back wall, opposite the vendor.\n  3. Attach the wheel and turn it — now you can access the chain and climb up into the market.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7862087488174438}
+{"content": "Team Averera, India\n\nA self-described group of automobile enthusiasts from the Indian Institute of Technology - Banaras Hindu University, Team Averera brings together students from various engineering fields including Mechanical, Electrical, Civil and Mining Engineering.\n\nIntroduction to team\n\nUnder the leadership of a host of professors from the same institute, the team entered Shell Eco-marathon with a desire to drive key advancements to energy-efficient and autonomous vehicles.\n\nWhat they achieved\n\nA long-term participant to Shell Eco-marathon, Team Averera made their sixth year in the competition one to remember as they were crowned global winners of the 2021 Virtual League. They also won the Simulate to Innovate Award in the Asia Pacific and Middle East Off-Track Awards in 2021.\n\nWhat inspired the team to succeed?\n\nTeam Averera have long been committed to exploring how electric power in India could be produced using less coal or other fossil fuels. This issue has inspired them to make vehicles more efficient and join other teams within Shell Eco-marathon in their pursuit of a more sustainable and brighter future.\n\nWhat is the most important thing the team learned?\n\nShell Eco-marathon was a truly formational experience for the team, who learned everything from the fundamentals of automobiles to the importance of meeting deadlines and planning for a long challenge. But most of all, Team Averera have understood just how crucial collaboration and cohesion are when entering a competition as a group – sharing experiences and supporting each other throughout the contest.\n\nWhat is the biggest challenge the team faced and how did they overcome it?\n\nLike the rest of the world, Team Averera have had to adapt to new working ways and continue the competition remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. They overcame it by carefully planning their work and making sure to have regular communication touch points throughout the competition. This new approach helped the group to pursue their objectives, as they were eventually crowned winners of the 2021 Virtual League.\n\nWhat advice does the team have for anyone thinking about taking part?\n\n“We are innovating, innovate with us.”\n\nLearn more about the winning team\n\nYou may also like\n\nEco Titans, India\n\nEco Titans have won the Communications Award in the 2020 Asia Off-Tracks\n\nFind out how this team from India impressed the judges with their clear vision and structured communications strategy.\n\nTp Eco Flash, Singapore\n\nTP Eco-Flash clinch the Technical Innovation Award presented by Southwest Research Institute\n\nRead about an energy conserving, purge-free water removal system for a hydrogen fuel cell securing this team a win at the 2020 Asia Off-Tracks.\n\nPravega, India\n\nTeam Pravega win the Circular Economy Award at the 2020 Asia Off-Tracks\n\nLearn about the first prototype vehicle in the world constructed from bamboo and powered by electric energy.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999305009841919}
+{"content": "Status and Potential of Pyrite Solar Power\n\nAn analysis showed that low cost materials are needed to scal solar power and Pyrite (FeS2) is a leading candidate.\n\nSolar photovoltaics have great promise for a low-carbon future but remain expensive relative to other technologies. Greatly increased penetration of photovoltaics into global energy markets requires an expansion in attention from designs of high-performance to those that can deliver significantly lower cost per kilowatt-hour. To evaluate a new set of technical and economic performance targets, we examine material extraction costs and supply constraints for 23 promising semiconducting materials. Twelve composite materials systems were found to have the capacity to meet or exceed the annual worldwide electricity consumption of 17000 TWh, of which nine have the potential for a significant cost reduction over crystalline silicon. We identify a large material extraction cost (cents/watt) gap between leading thin film materials and a number of unconventional solar cell candidates including FeS2, CuO, and Zn3P2. We find that devices performing below 10% power conversion efficiencies deliver the same lifetime energy output as those above 20% when a 3/4 material reduction is achieved. Here, we develop a roadmap emphasizing low-cost alternatives that could become a dominant new approach for photovoltaics research and deployment.\n\nFrom MIT Technology Review: so far, the pyrite-based cells have proved dis?appointing in their performance, though the Berkeley researcher?s have used copper sulfide in combination with cadmium sulfide to make cells that have a 1.6 percent efficiency\n\nPrevious efforts to build solar cells with pyrite produced devices that, at best, converted only 2.8 percent of sunlight into electricity. Wadia thinks the low efficiency is due to inconsistencies in the crystal structure of the pyrite. He is the first to make pyrite nanoparticles, and his method results in pyrite crystals with a uniform, favorable structure. The resulting material, he believes, will outperform conventional pyrite in solar cells.\n\nCells incorporating pyrite would be preferable because the material is less toxic and cheaper to recover than cadmium compounds. When the pyrite nanoparticles are spun onto the chip, however, nanoscale pinholes tend to form. To electrons, such minuscule gaps look like the Grand Canyon–they cannot cross and migrate into the external electrical circuit. Instead, the electrons tunnel down to the bottom electrode, causing the cell to short-circuit.\n\nIt’s difficult to make good pyrite films because the nanocrystals tend to sink to the bottom of any liquid. The better a particle is suspended, the smoother the film it will form. Wadia believes that smaller particles might lead to better suspensions: the pyrite particles are 20 to 100 times the size of the copper sulfide particles, which are about five nano?meters across. Wadia is trying everything he can to make them smaller, including mechanically pressing or grinding them and tinkering with reaction conditions. He’s also collaborating with bio?engineers at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to genetically engineer viruses so that they accumulate pyrite nanoparticles on their coats; the next step would be to get the viruses to line up into uniform films.\n\nWadia acknowledges that he’s still many years away from making an efficient solar cell with pyrite nanocrystals. Ultimately, though, his goal is to produce a cell that’s cheap enough to make solar energy the dominant power source. He says, “I just need the science to work.”\n\n“The theoretical efficiency of iron sulfide is 31 percent. That’s as good as silicon,” says Wadia. What’s more, 20 nanometers of pyrite can absorb as much light as 300 micro?meters of silicon. Because it absorbs so much more light, it can be made into thinner cells, which require less raw material.\n\nSubscribe on Google News", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9214721322059631}
+{"content": "\n\n\n  1. Find a recent news article on an ongoing project, evaluate the management’s performance, and explain how the project could be better organized and managed.\n  2. Discuss the pros and cons of the spiral project life-cycle model and the waterfall project life-cycle model. How are the processes in the PMBOK related to each other? Give a specific example.\n\n\n\n\nFind an article describing a national project in detail. On the basis of the article and on your understanding of the project, answer the questions below. State any assumptions that you feel are necessary to provide answers.\n\n  1. Who were the stakeholders?\n  2. Was it an internal or external project?\n  3. What were the most important resources used in the project? Explain.\n  4. What were the needs and expectations of each stakeholder?\n  5. What are the alternative approaches for this project?\n  6. Was the approach selected for the project the best, in your opinion? Explain.\n  7. What were the risks in the project?\n  8. Rank the risks according to severity.\n  9. What was done or could have been done to mitigate those risks?\n  10. Was the project a success? Why?\n  11. Was there enough outsourcing in the project? Explain.\n  12. What lessons can be learned from this project?\n\nThe assignment is to answer the question provided above in essay form. This is to be in narrative form and should be as thorough as possible. Bullet points should not to be used. The paper should be at least 1.5 – 2 pages in length, Times New Roman 12-pt font, double-spaced, 1 inch margins and utilizing at least one outside scholarly or professional source related to project management. The textbook should also be utilized. Do not insert excess line spacing. APA formatting and citation should be used.\n\n  • attachment", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8552440404891968}
+{"content": "Category Archives: Pseudonymity, authority, and canon\n\nBreaking news: Early Christians had no New Testament (NT 2.1)\n\nIn teaching early Christianity in a university setting, there are a number of assumptions and views that need to be corrected or dismantled in order to clear the way for students to make better sense of these ancient documents. Something that does not often occur to students and which needs to be highlighted again and again is that Christians of the first three centuries (and even beyond) did not have a New Testament! You heard me.\n\nThey did have what they considered scriptures, namely the Jewish writings known as the Law and the Prophets, but the process that led to the collection of writings or canon we now know as the “New Testament” was a long one. (Obviously the notion of the Jewish scriptures being the “Old Testament” would have to await the existence of the “New” one). In fact, the earliest evidence we have of any church body establishing a list of authoritative Christian books that coincides exactly with the 27 books now in the New Testament was in 393 CE. Even that emerged out of a local meeting of church authorities in North Africa rather than some “universal” decision that was implemented in some way.\n\nThe process that led to the collection of writings that were considered authoritative as scripture, namely the canon, was a long one which I will not detail here, except to note that early on Christians were collecting and using Christian writings of various sorts. Sometimes one community used the same writings as another community, but seldom did everyone agree which ones should be considered “scripture”, if they considered this issue at all. In some cases writings accepted by one community could be utterly rejected as “heretical” by another, as was the case with many “gnostic” writings. The process of choosing the writings that were considered canon and excluding certain other documents was, in some ways, the triumph of one Christian view over another. To provide another example, in the mid-second century Marcion of Sinope had clear ideas of what he would include in an authoritative collection, including the Gospel of Luke and certain letters of Paul, but he did so in a way that tried to excise any passages that seemed to equate the Jewish God with the God who sent Jesus (he thought there were two gods involved).\n\nOthers disagreed with Marcion, although some began to agree that it was worthwhile thinking about defining which writings were authoritative. One early list of writings that has survived, known as the Muratorian canon (perhaps from around 200 CE), happens to largely coincide with the books that were later included in the New Testament. But other Christians at this time would make a different list nonetheless, and even the Muratorian canon mentions an Apocalypse of Peter (perhaps the same one available here) which some held to be authoritative but which did not ultimately make it into the New Testament. And the issue of including or excluding the Apocalypse of John, also known as Revelation, continued to be hotly debated into the fourth century, for instance.\n\nRather than get further into the long and complicated history behind the formation of the canon of scripture, here I wanted to briefly mention one important implication of the non-existence of the New Testament in the first centuries. In particular, the lack of any established, authoritative collection of writings and the variations in the writings used by different Christian groups reflected and further facilitated the continuation of variety or diversity among early Christians. And when there were differences of opinion regarding belief or practice among these diverse Christian groups, there was no set of early Christian writings that everyone could agree was the measure (the meaning of the word “canon” is “measure” or “rule”) or authority to settle disputes regarding what belief or practice was right or wrong.\n\nThis means that the modern student of early Christianity should not assume that the views expressed in any one writing are somehow representative of all early Christian views. It also means that we should refrain from solving the dilemnas encountered in studying one early Christian writing by turning to another by a different author, as though they are all the same. Finally, we should consider the writings in the New Testament within the broader context of early Christian literature that did not make it in, and give each its due.\n\nFor more on the diversity of early Christianity, see my series on the Christian Apocrypha and “Gnosticism”.\n\nThecla, Tertullian, and controversies over women’s leadership (NT Apocrypha 18)\n\nAmong the controversies that led to conflicts between early Christians (both authors and groups) was the role of women within the congregations. Leadership was generally undefined and varied from one Christian group to the next in the first century. As certain Christian authors and leaders (such as Ignatius and the author of the Pastoral epistles) began to seek and impose a clear definition of leadership structures (especially beginning at the turn of the second century) there was a tendency to expressly exclude women from the more important positions in the newly emerging hierarchy in some congregations.\n\nThe Acts of Paul (and Thecla) (online here) is among the sources that attest to circles of Christians (in second century Asia Minor) who continued to see an important role for women in teaching and leading. The author presents a Thecla who is extremely attentive to Paul’s preaching (which centres on celibacy in this case) and who, in the end, baptizes herself in the midst of potential martyrdom in a pool of vicious seals (sharks?): “And when she had finished her prayer she turned around and saw a large pit full of water and said, ‘Now it is time to wash myself.’ And she threw herself in saying ‘In the name of Jesus Christ I baptize myself on my last day'” (34). Thecla ultimately goes on to have her own mission of “teach[ing] the word of God” with the acknowledgement of Paul (41) and “enlightened many” (43), according to this narrative. (Translations from J. K. Elliott, ed. and trans., The Apocryphal New Testament [Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993].)\n\nThe positive stance of this author to women’s leadership within the Christian congregations is mirrored, in some ways, in contemporary movements in Asia Minor specifically. The so called Phrygian movement (aka Montanism) was characterized by a heavy emphasis on prophetic authority, and its main charismatic leaders were two women prophetesses, Priscilla and Maximilla.\n\nBut there were opponents to this active role for women, including the author Tertullian who lived in North Africa and who, despite adopting some aspects of the Phrygian movement himself at a later point (esp. the prominence of the Spirit), openly opposed those who (most likely) used the Acts of Paul (and Thecla) to support women’s activity in baptizing converts in North Africa. Tertullian writes the followingin his treatise “On Baptism” (chapter 17; c. 200 CE):\n\n“To round off our slight treatment of this subject it remains for me to advise you of the rules to be observed in giving and receiving baptism. The supreme right of giving it belongs to the high priest, which is the bishop: after him, to the presbyters and deacons, yet not without commission from the bishop, on account of the Church’s dignity. . . Except for that, even laymen have the right. . . But the impudence of that woman who assumed the right to teach is evidently not going to arrogate to her the right to baptize as well – unless perhaps some new serpent appears, like that original one, so that as that woman abolished baptism, some other should of her own authority confer it. But if certain Acts of Paul, which are falsely so named, claim the example of Thecla for allowing women to teach and to baptize, let men know that in Asia the presbyter who compiled that document, thinking to add of his own to Paul’s reputation, was found out, and though he professed he had done it for love of Paul, was deposed from his position. How could we believe that Paul should give a female power to teach and to baptize, when he did not allow a woman even to learn by her own right? Let them keep silence, he says, and ask their husbands at home.'” (trans. by Ernest Evans, Tertullian’s Homily on Baptism [London: SPCK, 1964]. Online source: The Tertullian Project).\n\nTertullian clearly opposes the local people in North Africa who appealed to writings associated with Paul and likely Thecla (the textual evidence for the reference to Thecla is shaky) which had women baptizing and teaching. Moreover, the modern historian should not take Tertullian’s perspective (or the perspective of those who spoke against the elder in Asia) as though it was an objective description of the situation. Also problematic would be to argue from this passage (as does Ehrman, Lost Christianities, pp. 29-32) that Tertullian provides objective evidence that the author of the Acts of Paul (and Thecla) pleaded guilty to, or was found guilty of, “forgery” in some sort of official hearing (see the earlier posts on the “forgery” issue here and here). (Nor is this further evidence that writing in the name of a respected figure of the past was universally rejected, as implied by Ehrman). With both Tertullian and the opponents of the “elder” in Asia, we are witnessing one side of a many-sided struggle over how to define Christian practice within the congregations, and the figure of Paul (understood or portrayed differently) was one of the weapons in the struggle. Polemical rhetoric and accusations on any side of the struggle should not be mistaken for historical description.\n\n“Forgery” (deceit) or “pseudonymity” (admiration): Ehrman’s take (NT Apocrypha 12)\n\nView other posts in the New Testament Apocrypha series.\n\nOne of the issues that has been raised in discussing Ehrman’s Lost Christianities is his free use of the term “forgery” in reference to early Christian literature (especially apocryphal literature; e.g. pp. 29-32 or thereabouts). Nor is he adverse to using accompanying notions of active “deceit” as well. He claims that ancient authors just about unanimously agreed in condemning the practice of presenting one’s own work as though by another respected figure (citing only the physician Galen, who had come across someone selling a work falsely in his name during his life-time). Certainly concepts such as forgery, deceit or related notions of conspiracy make for exciting reading, and Ehrman’s book is indeed intended for broad audiences (and still would have been exciting without these terms). Yet there is also a sense in which this take on writings that claim to be authored by some important figure of the past (apocryphal Gospels and Acts) is quite misleading.\n\nMore appropriate, I would suggest, is a recognition that, although moderns may see such practices of pseudonymity (“false-name” authorship) as improper or even criminal (I take plagiarism by students as a crime!), the ancients had very different cultural concepts when it comes to attributed authorship and the free use of figures (and their authority) from the past. The fact that the practice of attributing a work to some respected figure of the past was widespread in the Jewish and Greco-Roman worlds, and that the ones doing this almost always liked or respected the figure whose identity they were “borrowing”, suggests that something other than deliberate deception and forgery was going on. Ehrman is far more on track when he briefly mentions, but does not explore in any detail, the fact that philosophers (neo-Pythagoreans) frequently produced writings in Pythagoras’ name with intentions involving (primarily) admiration and respect. Namely, they wished not only to give a hearing to their writings by calling on Pythagoras’ authority, but also to show just how well they (imagined they) could continue to express what Pythagoras would say if he were still around. They “forged” for the love of Pythagoras, so to speak, and their intentions were focussed on inspiring similar respect or honour for this philosopher on the part of their readers or hearers. This is, in large part, what was going on in the case of most early Christian apocryphal writings attributed to apostles or other respected figures. We are better off steering away from value-loaded terms in the study of religion and in avoiding misconceptions about active deceit or underhanded dealings in relation to writings of the past, even if the language of conspiracy would make things seem far more exciting.\n\n(Excuse the lack of references to page numbers in Ehrman here [except the one section whose page numbers I remembered, hopefully], since I do not have the work with me at the moment. I had to express myself when it came to me nonetheless).\n\nUPDATES AND CLARIFICATIONS: Definitely see the ongoing discussions in the comments section.\n\nCLARIFICATION (Mon, Sept 19): Just to clarify what I am or am not saying here (also see comments): I am saying that Ehrman’s blanket use of “forgery” to describe a variety of different writings is likely to obscure a variety of things that were actually going on, especially in terms of motivations behind writing a document in the name of someone else. In some, perhaps many, cases using the term “forgery” to describe apocryphal writings would give a false impression to the modern reader, especially implying negative motivations of deceit on the part of ancient authors in question. Motivations are very difficult to determine (even among contemporaries let alone someone living over a thousand years ago in a different culture), but in engaging in historical study we are better off not assuming negative motivations (on the part of our historical subjects) unless there is actual evidence of such. In other words, we need to approach writings that claim authorship by an important figure on a case by case basis, attempting to assess what is going on (and what motivations may be involved) in a particular case. There is a sense in which my objections to Ehrman’s approach arise more from historiographical concerns (from how I approach history) than they do from any specific concerns or positions about the pseudonymity issue. Hope this clarifies things even though there are so many more issues to deal with that will never be sufficiently solved.\n\nI just pulled out my marked up version of Bruce M. Metzger’s classic article (“Literary Forgeries and Canonical Pseudepigrapha,” Journal of Biblical Literature 91 [1972] 3-24), which does begin to try to sort through the variety of motivations that may have been involved in pseudepigraphy (e.g. financial gain, malice and defamation, respect, modesty, practicing one’s rhetorical abilities, etc, etc), as well as the differing receptions of such writings. It is worth a read, if you’re interested.\n\nBy the way, my position arose not from the Metzger article (which I had forgotten about and had read years ago [my memory is not that great;] and only dug out in hindsight to see what he said, and with which I disagree on important points). My position, as I have stated, arises from my problems with Ehrman’s position based on his interpretation of particular evidence (e.g. the Thecla case) and from my overall approach to history, which avoids imagining I can understand the motivations or intentions (whether “deceitful” or otherwise) of a large number of different persons in antiquity (see above and comments). The term forgery entails active and self-conscious deceit, with the implication that it is a “crime” (in my Webster’s dictionary and in popular usage, at least). This is not an appropriate blanket term to use in reference to writings in the name of a respected figure in antiquity, though there may be a few cases where it’s closer to the mark than some other terms.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.982181966304779}
+{"content": "Nazareth, Pennsylvania: A Terrific Community\n\nThe average family size in Nazareth, PA is 2.99 familyThe average family size in Nazareth, PA is 2.99 family members, with 46.2% owning their particular residences. The average home appraisal is $187077. For people renting, they spend on average $957 monthly. 58.1% of families have dual sources of income, and a median domestic income of $56349. Median income is $30751. 10.9% of inhabitants are living at or below the poverty line, and 15.7% are handicapped. 8.3% of residents are former members associated with military.\n\nSelecting Exterior Water Fountains In Nazareth, Pennsylvania\n\nYou'll have a water garden or pond. It's amazing what you can do with your home and the possibilities of turning it into something beautiful. Do you feel that there is more calm and relaxation in your life? A pond, or water garden should be thought about if this is actually the case. You have many options for pond products to assist you de-stress, but first you must know the water properties. While they might look very similar, there are some differences. We will explain these to you in order for you to make the choice that is right. What's a garden share? A garden pond can enhance your outdoor space, and it may be small or large. You may need to have someone help you choose the right shape or size. You can find many products to satisfy your needs, making it easy for you to make the right choice. You can get the best of both worlds by having a pond close to a garden. This is often an attractive landscape. If the pond is sufficiently deep, you can also go swimming in it. This will create habitats and food for many creatures. Gardens can be found in waterfalls, fountain basins and intricate rockwork. If you have any questions, you can always reach out to us for assistance. Our goal is to assist you in finding the right goods and ideas to build the pond of your dreams. How big is your pond? You might use your pool every day. What size pool can you require? The pond should usually be 2 feet deep if there are no fish or vegetation. It is best to make the pond 3 feet or more deep if you need fish, however. If the water is too small, it can evaporate quickly in heat and then freeze in wind. There are many options that can help you find the position that is right depth.\n\nThe labor pool participation rate in Nazareth is 70.5%, with an unemployment rate of 8.2%. For everyone in the labor force, the typical commute time is 23.9 minutes. 14.5% of Nazareth’s populace have a graduate degree, and 16.4% have a bachelors degree. Among the people without a college degree, 26.2% have some college, 33.5% have a high school diploma, and only 9.3% have received an education less than senior school. 4.1% are not covered by health insurance.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.920335054397583}
+{"content": "Mocha is the same age as Kona, so they love to play together. Besides that, Mocha loves to just run around the acreage as fast as she can when its her play time.  She has a smoother, medium color coat. Mocha can be a little timid around new people that she does not know, but quickly warms up to them. Mocha had a litter of 10 puppies last time we bred her, and we have had wonderful feedback from their owners.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.528003454208374}
+{"content": "• 9 July and the beginning of August, we will deliver written and oral submissions to support the Bills that protect the earning rights of actors. If we fail, we will never see meaningful industry transformation in our lifetime. Included will be our petition of OVER 2000 signatures. Make sure it includes YOURS!\n\n  • ALL Actors! We need your voices to be heard.\n\n    We need the world to see and hear that our industry supports transformation. That our industry supports FAIR compensation that INCLUDES actor royalties.\n\n    We need you to record a video message and put it on your online presence! Facebook, Instagram, Twitter. We need all our voices out there under one banner so that when SAGA delivers this message to Parliament, it is a message from all of us.\n\nPerformers Protection Amendment Bill\n\nThe Copyright Amendment Bill and the Performers Protection Amendment Bill are drafted so that actors will never again be forced to sign away all their rights in exchange for a meagre daily performance fee.  Never again will actors be mocked and told to ‘either take it or leave it’.  The Bills stand for industry transformation and they have already been adopted by the National Assembly!\n\n\n\n\"To amend the Performers Protection Act No 11 of 1967 so as to insert or substitute certain definitions; to address issues relating to the payment of royalties to performers; to safeguard the rights of contracting parties; to promote performers' moral and economic rights for performances in audiovisual fixations; and to provide for matters connected therewith\".\n\n\nBelow is a summary of the major amendments proposed to the existing Act, particularly as they pertain to ACTORS.\n\n  1. The Act is outdated in its description of the technological environment in which actors earn their livings. (In 1967 television had not yet been introduced in South Africa, let alone the Internet!) Therefore Clause 1 of the Bill seeks to more accurately define specific terms:\n    1. “audiovisual fixation - means the embodiment of moving images, whether or not accompanied by sounds or by the representations thereof, from which either can be perceived, reproduced or communicated through a device;’’\n    2. It is proposed that the term – broadcasting - is understood to include any and all technological means (including wire, wireless, satellite, encrypted signals) that are employed in distributing the performance, either by the broadcasting organisation itself or “with its consent”.\n    3. It is clarified that – communication to the public of a performance – would include the transmission to the public via any medium, either the visuals, the audio, or both the audio and visual aspects of the performance.\n    4. The definition of a – performer - is amended to include “actor, singer, musician, dancer or other person, who acts, sings, delivers, declaims, plays in, or otherwise performs literary, musical or artistic works”.\n    5. There are also amendments to the terms “phonogram”; “reproduction”; and “Tribunal” which are legally technical and which make reference to other areas of legislation which exceed the limits of this summary. \n  2. The Bill proposes significant changes to the Principal Act in terms of recognising the actor’s moral and economic rights in connection with their performance.\n    1. The Bill recognises the actor’s moral rights in their performance to be separate from their economic rights. This means that, irrespective of receiving compensation for their work, the actor retains the right to be identified (credited) as the performer, and to object to any distortionmutilation or modification of his or her performance that may adversely impact their reputation. These rights are protected after the actor’s death until such time as the performance passes into the Public Domain in terms of copyright legislation.\n    2.  The Bill envisages that the actor retains the exclusive right to authorise that their performance be broadcast, fixed (or recorded), reproduced (in any manner or form), made available (or distributed, whether by sale or otherwise). The actor also retains the right to authorise their performance to be made available through rental, or transmission through cable or wireless services that allow recordings of their work to be accessed and streamed.\n  3. The Bill makes provision for an actor to transfer certain rights (excluding their moral rights), under certain conditions.\n    1. Where an actor has consented to allowing a recording of their performance, the actor agrees to allow certain rights to be transferred to the owner of the recording. However, this is subject to a “written contractual agreement which shall give the performer the right to receive royalties for any use of the performance”. It is proposed that such right to royalties expires after 25 years, unless agreed otherwise by the contracting parties.      \n    2. The Bill makes provision for record producers to be protected in their commercial exploitation of phonographic recordings, while ensuring the composer and performer receive equitable royalties.\n  4. The Bill proposes amendments to Clause 5 of the Performers Protection Act (No. 11 of 1967) which give effect to the economic rights of the performer.\n    1. It allows for the actor to provide consent that their performance be recorded and to prohibit unauthorised recordings to be made (including pirated copies of legitimate recordings).\n    2. It creates an obligation on the part of a person who intends to broadcast, record and/or distribute the performance to give notice of their intention to the performer, his or her representatives or a collecting society. It provides for resolution mechanisms – through the Copyright Tribunal (established by the Copyright Act) - should the performer, his or her representatives or collecting society reject the proposal or wish to negotiate terms and conditions.\n    3. It is made clear that unless there is a specific agreement to the contrary, a performer’s consent to the broadcasting of their performance does not include consent to the rebroadcasting or copying of the performance for future distribution. \n    4. The Bill is unequivocal on the payment of a royalty to actors where there is further commercial exploitation of the performance, whether it be through a re-broadcast, transmission through a diffusion service, sold or rented out (licensed). If there is no agreement to the contrary, the copyright owner is obliged to retrieve royalties  or fair, equitable remuneration on behalf of the performer. The Bill stipulates that such monies are paid across to the performer in a manner that is agreed upon between the performer and the copyright holder, or between their respective collecting societies.\n    5. If there is no agreement as described above, the matter can be referred to the Copyright Tribunal, or the parties may agree to refer the matter for arbitration.  \n  5. The Bill defines the special circumstances under which recordings of the performance can be used without the actor’s consent, provisions for which are contained in the Copyright Act:\n    1. A performer’s consent would not be required should the recording be for private study or personal, private use. \n    2. Only short excerpts of the performance may be used for the purposes of criticism and review, and the performer’s moral right is protected. \n    3. The performer’s consent would not be required if the recording were to be used for scientific research, teaching or in legal proceedings. \n  6. The Bill makes provision for sanctions where attempts are made to pirate the recordings of a performance through circumventing technological protection measures.\n\n\nThis brief summary is for the purposes of informing actors in particular as to the implications of the Performer’s Protection Amendment Bill 2016. Performers are encouraged to consult the document itself for more information and to engage in discussions around the Bill. Written submissions can be addressed directly to the Portfolio Committee, or forwarded to SAGA for inclusion in our written and oral presentations.     \n\nThe Professional Actor\n\nThe Professional Actor\n\nNews relating to our profession\n\nRead More\n\nOnline Workshops\n\nRegister for Invitations!\n\nHone your craft as a professional actor\n\nRead More", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7737199068069458}
+{"content": "Know your numbers, know your forecasted growth,\n\nand use it to secure contracted pricing.\n\n\nWhen you understand your spend, and your growth, its easier to understand your value to a supplier.\n\n\nWe can help you understand the leverage you have now, and what leverage you will have in the future.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9922593832015991}
+{"content": "Retail trade in nineteenth century St Albans\n\nG Maddox's shop, 1896\nSt Albans Museums (ref SB62)\nGibbs and Bamforth, 1900\nSt Albans Museums (ref SB67T)\n\nBetween 1801 and 1901 the population of St. Albans grew from 3,872 to 16,181. In the middle of the century a railway line was built between Watford and St. Albans into the Abbey station at the bottom of Holywell Hill in 1868. St. Albans City Station came into being when passenger and goods trains started in 1868 between London St. Pancras and Bedford. In 1883 trains began to run from St. Albans to Hatfield.\n\nAs the population grew so did the demand for retail goods and services. Details of these were listed in the various directories published which included: Pigot & Co., Kelly, the Hertfordshire Almanac and the St. Albans Almanac. The early listings were arranged by trades and services alphabetically e.g. bakers or saddlers or wheelwrights. Under each heading is given the surname, followed by the Christian name and the street where they were located.\n\nIt is hoped to add additional information from a variety of resources later. Here are some examples from the Pigot list of 1822.\n\nChristopher-yard, Dagnall-lane, Fishpool-street: Hooper, Mrs. (ladies’ boarding academy)\n\nGeorge-st High-st: Brabant, Richard (attorney) Story, John Samuel (attorney)\n\nHolywell-hill: Pigot, Isaac (attorney)\n\nMarket-place St. Peters-street: Boys (attorney) Crowther, Mrs. (ladies’ boarding academy) Nash, Mr. (gentlemen’s boarding academy) Raban. Mrs. J. (ladies’ boarding academy) Wells, Misses. (gentlemen’s boarding academy) White, Miss. (ladies’ boarding academy)\n\n\nThe Victoria History of the Counties of England: Hertfordshire. Table of Population, p238. ibid, pp 239-240", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8203346729278564}
+{"content": "Wallpaper Pimper Trending Wallpapers for Mobile and Desktop\n\nMacBook Pro 13\" Vela Luka Wallpapers\n\nVela Luka (pronounced [ʋela luka] ( listen)) (Italian: Vallegrande) is a small town and a municipality in Dubrovnik-Neretva County in southern Dalmatia, Croatia. The town is located on the western side of the island of Korčula at the bottom of a wide bay which has many indented coves. Vela Luka developed at the beginning of the 19th century in a deep sheltered bay. Its name means \"big harbour\" in Croatian chakavian. Inhabitants of the Island of Korčula and Pelješac often refer to it simply as \"Luka\" (the port/harbour). It has several hotels and a medical centre called Kalos (for rheumatic disorders and rehabilitation). The inhabitants are farmers, fishermen and workers in tourism. Also the town has other smaller industrial plants.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999419629573822}
+{"content": "The Importance of Seeing a Foot Doctor for Foot Issues\n\nWhether you’re shuffling to the coffee maker in the morning, or sprinting to catch the train, you rely on your feet to make the trip. With 26 bones and over a 100 ligaments and muscles [1], your feet, ankles, and legs provide the foundational support you need to stand upright and move throughout the day. When foot pain strikes, a general practitioner can offer an initial assessment, but it is better to consult with a specialist in podiatry, also known as a foot doctor, as they can offer a more in-depth analysis on a wide array of foot issues.\n\nWhat Is a Foot Doctor & What Do They Do?\n\nA podiatrist is a medical practitioner or physician that is devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of the foot, ankle, and related structures in the lower leg. While some foot doctors do take on more specialized fellowship training to work in certain fields such as pediatrics, wound care, or sports medicine, all podiatrists must complete 4 years of training at a podiatric medical school. With years of clinical experience and examinations, a foot doctor will become board certified and be able to perform the following duties.\n\nl Diagnose common foot issues like bunions, flat feet, nail/foot infections, heel pain, sprains/fractures, muscle pain, calluses and more.\n\nl Use corrective medical applications to treat foot issues. This can include using flexible casts & orthotics (foot braces and insoles) to treat and heal injuries.\n\nl Some podiatrists will specialize in foot surgery, gaining and exercising extensive knowledge with foot prosthetics & biomechanics, amputations, and repairing fractures or broken bones. They can also prescribe anti", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6862843036651611}
+{"content": "Question: How does family impact your mate selection?\n\nPartners who met through family have lower levels of education than partners who met through other intermediaries. Older cohorts of couples who met through family are less likely to be interracial or interreligious; family involvement does not influence homogamous outcomes of younger cohorts of couples.\n\nHow do family affect relationships?\n\nFamily factors also seemed to affect specific interpersonal skills. More effective parenting and a positive family climate appeared to increase the participants assertiveness—the ability to respectfully advocate for their needs in a relationship and have positive interactions with their families.\n\nWhat factors influence mate selection?\n\nEnvironmental factors—for example, ambient color, temperature and lighting, predation, food availability, seasonal timing, or climatic events—can also influence mate selection and reproductive behavior (Badyaev & Martin, 2000; Blackwell & Passmore, 1996; Endler, 1991; Heindl & Winkler, 2003; Magnhagen, 1991; Roitberg,\n\nWhat social factors play into the partner selection process?\n\nMate selection in the social world is an interesting area of study among social scientists and sociologists. Mate selection is embedded with factors such as social background, race, colour, status, political ideology, traditions and customs, religious rules, and other aspects.\n\nHow do family influence you?\n\nPositive relationships with parents and siblings help a child grow mentally, emotionally, and physically, whereas negative family relationships can have detrimental effects later in life. Family relationships can greatly affect children and shape who they become as adults in following ways: Physical Health.\n\nHow does relationships with parents affect future relationships?\n\nPrevious research has shown that children who experience a secure relationship with their parents will develop a “mold” for future close relationships that includes sensitive and responsive attachment.\n\nWhy is mate selection important?\n\nMate choice is an important evolutionary process influencing a vast array of traits and ecological processes. This comparison is important because many traits that might be affected by mate choice, such as mating rate, mate search effort, and responsiveness, also vary in non-choosy individuals.\n\nWhat are the 5 theories of mate selection?\n\nTheories of Mate Selection Social homogamy, complementary needs, ideal mate, propinquity theory, and social exchange are all examples of mate selection theories.\n\nWhat is the principle of mate selection?\n\nMate selection is the process of choosing a partner with whom to form a marriage bond or long-term marriage-like relationship. While personal preference is a key component in the selection process, structural influences also exist.\n\nWhat is the feeling of broken family?\n\nWhen you come from a broken family, it feels like youre isolated and cut-off from the rest of the world. Being so distant to a parent or a sibling often pressures you into feeling like you need to deal with it by yourself.\n\nWhat is the importance of family?\n\nThe purpose of family is to create a safe, stable, and loving environment where a husband and wife can support and strengthen each other and where children can learn, grow, and develop. Often, a family shares the same sense of purpose. Family life is perhaps most significant for children.\n\nHow do family affect your life?\n\nFamily dynamics significantly impact health in both positive and negative ways. Having a close-knit and supportive family provides emotional support, economic well-being, and increases overall health. When family life is characterized by stress and conflict, the health of family members tends to be negatively affected.\n\nWhat is the theory of mate selection?\n\nMate selection is the process of choosing a partner with whom to form a marriage bond or long-term marriage-like relationship. Among the explanations for mate choice are filter theories, social exchange, sociobiology, needs and values, and matching hypotheses.\n\nWhat is Homogamy in mate selection?\n\nThere is a principle that has been found to be the most powerful predictor of how we make our dating and mating selection choices—homogamy. Homogamy is the tendency for dates, mates, and spouses to pair off with someone of similar attraction, background, interests, and needs. This is typically true for most couples.\n\nHow does a broken family affect a child?\n\nSlowed academic development is another common way that separation of the parents affects children. The emotional stress of a divorce alone can be enough to stunt your childs academic progress, but the lifestyle changes and instability of a broken family can contribute to poor educational outcomes.\n\nContact us\n\nFind us at the office\n\nDuffle- Fyle street no. 48, 82141 Montevideo, Uruguay\n\nGive us a ring\n\nTekayla Henchen\n+74 935 689 322\nMon - Fri, 9:00-23:00\n\nJoin us", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9356581568717957}
+{"content": "What To Do When Someone Lies To You In A Relationship (11 Things To Do)\n\nby April Maccario\n\nWhen someone lies to you in a relationship, it can be a tough pill to swallow. A lie that was about a larger issue, like an affair, can turn your entire world upside down. \n\nSmall lies might seem harmless by comparison, but they are not innocent, either. Those little lies can instantly ruin the trust that you have in another person, cracking the very foundation that your relationship is built upon. If you’ve been lied to, it’s important to take the steps necessary to overcome the betrayal so that you, and possibly your relationship, can move forward. \n\nWhy Do People Lie In Relationships?\n\nThe most common reasons that people lie to their partner is because they are afraid of the consequences of their actions, which might be you leaving, or because they do not want to be judged or misunderstood. They may also be trying to avoid the conflict that their honesty will bring. \n\nInstead, most people prefer a happy relationship without arguments. However, it’s important to note that arguments are a sign of a healthy relationship\n\nSigns That He’s Lying\n\nsigns that he's lying\n\nWhile a partner might be acting suspicious because he’s planning a surprise birthday party, it could be something else. If your birthday or another holiday isn’t around the corner and you notice any of these things, it might be that he’s hiding something. \n\n1. He changes his head position really fast\n\nNormally, he wouldn’t mind looking at you while talking. Instead, he hears a noise and quickly looks. It’s just a tad faster than you normally would. \n\n2. He can’t look you in the eye\n\nPeople that are exceptionally good at lying can easily look you in the eye while lying to you. Those that aren’t will have a hard time maintaining eye contact. They might be able to for a few seconds, and then they will quickly look away. \n\n3. They give you weird details of stories \n\nPeople that are not telling the truth tend to talk a little too much. Instead of simply saying he was at the bar with friends, expect to hear about how he was at the bar with *insert list of the names of his friends here* or what time he left. He’ll give you odd details that you wouldn’t normally say if you were telling your friend the same thing. It can even take a moment to catch on to this. \n\n4. He can be oddly still while talking\n\nPeople that lie are well aware that nervous people tend to fidget a lot. They try to avoid this by not fidgeting. Unfortunately for them, most people overcompensate for this and wind up being too still during conversations. \n\n5. Body language of lying\n\nBefore assuming that a person is lying because of their body language, it’s important to note that a person might show these same signs for other reasons. A person might not look you in the eye because they have social anxiety, for example. These are a few things that can indicate a person is lying: \n\n  • Gesturing after a statement instead of during\n  • Most people use two hands to gesture when they’re lying\n  • Itching\n  • Staring too much, and not looking away at all\n  • Pursing their lips tightly together, but this can also mean that they just don’t feel like talking\n  • Skin tone gets paler\n  • Sweating suddenly\n  • Closed body language\n\nWhile these can mean that you are being lied to, it is not the only way to tell. These body language cues can all mean other things as well. \n\nWhat To Do When Your Partner Lies\n\nIf you’ve just uncovered a lie from your significant other, it can be devastating. However, it’s important that you deal with this in the proper way instead of lashing out, even if you want to. \n\n1. Let go of your anger\n\nFirst, it’s important to let go of your own anger before approaching your partner. It can be tempting to confront them but don’t. You want to make sure that you are not in a heightened emotional state before discussing this so that the two of you can reach a solution to this lying problem. \n\n2. Determine why they lied to you\n\nOne time, a guy lied to me about speaking to his child’s mother. It was a harmless conversation. The two had been separated for over ten years. I went through emails and text messages. There was nothing inappropriate. I was baffled. Why would he lie if there was nothing to hide?\n\nIt turns out this same guy had quite a few negative experiences with insecure females. They didn’t want for him to talk to her period, even if it was about the children. Hence why he was hiding to discuss his children. He was so used to it that it was his normal. \n\nIf you’re as baffled as I was as to why your man is lying, try asking him. If you have a quick temper, tell him that you already went for a run to let all that out before the conversation. You want him to feel comfortable opening up to you about his lies. \n\n3. Tell them how it makes you feel\n\ntell them how it makes you feel\n\nIt’s important that your partner understand the way that their lies are affecting you. Tell them if it makes you feel like you can no longer trust them. Inform them of any emotions that it can make you feel, such as sadness, hurt, or lack of trust. \n\nWhen a person realizes the negative impact of their decisions, they are more likely to make positive changes. This is because they don’t want to hurt you again. Hence why family members usually have interventions like this with drug addicts\n\n4. Inform them of the long-term consequences\n\nIf your partner feels comfortable with lies, that is a problem. They need to know the long-term consequences of their actions, such as you not trusting anything they say if they continue to lie. It could not only hurt your feelings, but it could destroy your relationship. \n\nDuring this discussion, tell them how important telling the truth is to you. Point out how important it is that you and your partner share the same values, such as honesty, to have a happy relationship. \n\n5. Address their motives\n\nIt’s important to address whatever motives your loved one had for lying to you. While they don’t make it okay, addressing their motives is key to preventing this behavior in the future. If you want to have a long-term relationship with this person, trust is going to be important. \n\nIf the person lied to you because they were worried about your reaction, take a deep breath and hear what they have to say. Work on your own effective communication skills. Sometimes, your partner lies because they know that they did something wrong. Inform them that if they come clean it’s easier to rebuild trust than if you have to find out their dirty deeds on your own. Whatever their reasoning is for their dishonesty, address it. \n\n6. Establish ground rules for lies\n\nGrowing up, I was never allowed to lie, as most of us weren’t. However, hiding something or intentionally not telling someone something was also considered telling lies. In my relationship experiences, most men don’t feel the same way about the latter two. I feel that you should come clean about everything that your partner might not like, and have a discussion about it. \n\nThis might not be your beliefs, as we all have our own, but it’s important to realize what yours and your partner’s are. For example, do you both agree that white lies don’t matter? Or do you feel that any time your partner lies it’s a big deal? If you’re not on the same page with your partner, it will cause more conflict between the two of you. \n\nIf you two do have different beliefs, each of you should be respectful of the other’s. For example, if white lies are a big deal to you, your partner should try to avoid those. \n\n7. Address their actions that led to lying\n\nWhen people are dishonest in a relationship, it’s usually because they have something going on that they don’t want you to know. Depending on the action, it needs to be addressed. If your man is having an affair, it’s important to address that as well. \n\nThere is a reason he cheated, and you need to work on that to establish a healthy relationship with each other. Without this step, it leads to the same cycle repeating itself. He will cheat again, and then lie again, and then you will find out again. No one wants to go through that in a relationship. \n\n8. Stay calm\n\nThroughout this conversation, it’s important to stay calm. Raising your voice, accusing the other person of things, or name-calling will simply result in an argument. This will not only not help the situation, it can make things much worse. \n\nIt’s normal to feel angry or hurt, but, in addition to letting some of that go before having the conversation, it’s also important to keep your cool during the conversation. This will encourage him to be honest. It can also help you both work together to find a solution. \n\n9. Decide if you want to stay, determine what you need to work on\n\nIf you’re both not on the same page, can’t seem to work together, they cheated or you can’t seem to come up with a solution, you’re in for a rough road. Make sure that the good outweighs the bad. \n\nAt this time, you might want to evaluate your relationship as a whole. This might not mean a break-up. Instead, evaluating your relationship can help you determine problems that you have, such as issues communicating. If he’s not comfortable telling you things you need to know, there might be an underlying issue there. \n\nIf you decide to break up, just get it over with. If you decide to stay, figure out what you need to work on to build a solid relationship. If you want a relationship that will last for years, you both have to put in the hard work to make it happen. \n\n10. Consider professional counseling\n\nA professional therapist that works with couples can help you and your partner work together to learn positive skills that will help you build the relationship that you want. They can work with partners to give them the tools that they need to have a happy life both during this struggle and afterward. \n\n11. Rebuild trust\n\nrebuild trust\n\nAfter being lied to in a relationship, it can be hard to trust anything a person says. It might feel like your entire relationship is a lie. It’s important to release those emotions in a healthy manner and work on moving forward. \n\nFirst, you must forgive the other person. Then, you can work on rebuilding trust. In order to rebuild trust, it’s important to communicate with one another. Avoid holding on to the past, or this will prevent you from moving forward. \n\nDon’t give yourself a timeline. There is no set rule that you have to rebuild trust with someone in three weeks or three months. We all heal and rebuild at our own pace. The more it hurts, the longer it usually takes. \n\n\nWhat to do if someone lies to you in a relationship?\n\nFirst, decide if you want to stay or leave. Then, if you choose to stay, work to rebuild trust. Discuss why they lied, and develop a plan together to make sure this doesn’t happen again. Work on communication skills with your partner. Continue to rebuild trust to get your relationship back on track. \n\nHow do you let go of someone who lies to you?\n\nMake sure that you do not place the blame on yourself. Even if you need to work on your communication skills, he’s still the one that chose to lie. Don’t romanticize the relationship with him either. Instead, be grateful that you don’t have to live a life of reading his emails and not trusting him. \n\nWhen someone answers a question with a question, are they lying?\n\nNot necessarily. This is a sign that you are being deceived as people that are known for being more deceptive act this way. On the other hand, people that don’t understand the question might need clarification to provide you with an appropriate answer, too. If they aren’t asking for clarification, that’s a red flag.\n\nShould you forgive a liar?\n\nYou should if they have pure motives. If they were trying to avoid conflict, work on communication instead of heading for the hills. If they cheated, lied to hide things because they are manipulative, etc. it’s best to walk away. Forgive them to avoid having hate in your heart, but walk away. \n\nHow do you spot a liar in a relationship?\n\nThey will hide things, avoid certain topics, and might have a hard time looking you in the eye. He will not leave his phone unlocked, check his email in front of you and make sure to log out of social media accounts if there are things in them he doesn’t want you to see. He’ll act a little off, even if you can’t put your finger on it. \n\nTo Conclude\n\nFinding out that the way your partner chose to deal with things is by dishonesty can be heartbreaking. Have you ever been lied to? What actions did you choose to take?\n\nApril Maccario\n\nLeave a Reply\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8467859029769897}
+{"content": "UK Public Sector Predictions for 2021\n\nFive key technology predictions for the UK public sector.\n\nDevOps to Take Off\n\n\nThe pandemic forced the public sector’s IT Ops teams to react quickly, focus on services to citizens, and implement new metrics to track changes. These are features of DevOps, the cultural approach to IT delivery that combines people, practices and tools to accelerate the development and delivery of digital services. So far, DevOps adoption has been slower in public organisations, due to technology and process legacies. This year we expect standard IT operations to embrace the fluidity and nimbleness of DevOps, as it will help public sector organisations to modernise their IT processes and culture.\n\n\nZero Trust Will Get Bigger\n\n\nIn 2020, the shift to remote working has led to the dissolution of the traditional organisation perimeter and opened new avenues for cyberthreats, expanding the attack surface. In this context, we expect the Zero Trust security model to gain prominence within Government. If you missed them, Splunk already provided ideas on how to embrace Zero Trust security principles in Government.\n\n\nGiven the realities of the pandemic and the overall focus on resilience in the public sector, we expect Zero Trust to be a leading IT security initiative in the public sector through 2021 and beyond.\n\n\nRansomware Attacks Will Get Worse\n\n\nRansomware attacks increased in frequency, sophistication and impact in 2020, and the availability of out-of-the-box ransomware kits now increases the number of malefactors. The targets range from private companies to critical national infrastructure. In the UK, the NCSC said that in 2020 it had handled more than three times as many ransomware incidents as in the previous year. It also alerted about an increased number of ransomware attacks affecting education establishments in the UK, including schools, colleges and universities.\n\n\nUnfortunately, this trend won’t stop in 2021 and public organisations will face an increasing pressure to protect themselves against ransomware.\n\n\nEdge Computing Could Find Applications In Defence\n\n\nEdge computing is about moving information processing out of centralised data centers to the “edge” of the network, where the data originates, and actions are taken. In parts of the public sector, this could open significant opportunities and benefits.\n\n\nThis could be particularly true in defence, for example on a military platform or for a forward HQ. Getting data and immediate insights from a platform with reduced capacity, isolated from the main operating environment, could be really advantageous for the Ministry of Defence.\n\n\nNew Applications For AI/ML, With Appropriate Safeguards\n\n\nWe know that there are many potential use cases for AI in the public sector, but these need to be balanced with privacy, legal, ethical, fairness and safety considerations.\n\n\n\nLast year Splunk partnered with the World Economic Forum (WEF) and UK Office of AI to produce a practical guide to unlock public-sector adoption of AI through government procurement, with a focus on innovation, efficiency and ethics. The UK Government was the first to pilot these Guidelines across several departments and use them to develop the UK Guidelines for AI procurement.\n\n\nIn 2021 we expect AI/ML to make new strides in the public sector, in well-known use cases (fraud detection, answering citizens’ queries, anomaly detection in cyber defence) but perhaps in new exciting areas post COVID such as data driven government.\n\n\nIf you want more details about these tech trends, visit our website to access the full text of our (US) public sector predictions.\n\n\nArticle by Gordon Morrison.\n\nto connect with our expert \n\nSean Raubenheimer", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9996257424354553}
+{"content": "An Ultimate Guide on Orbital Sanders\n\nOrbital Sanders are small handheld machines used for smoothening the surfaces. You may have seen the carpenters smoothening the furniture or a painter abrasing the walls with the small power tools. These power tools are known as the orbital sanders. Well, there are many types of orbital sanders, and each of them serves a particular purpose.\n\nAt times, people used to sand the surfaces with their hands using sandpaper. But now you can easily work it out with the use of different types of orbital sanders available in the market. If you are furnishing your home or remodeling your interiors, you would need an exceptionally well made orbital handheld sander to save your time and energy in sanding the surfaces.\n\nIn this article, you will see how an orbital sander works and how you can use it to add a shine to your home.\n\nWorking of an Orbital Sander\n\nOrbital sanders are electrical machines that have sandpapers attached to their bottom surface. Some of the sanders have circular surfaces, while others have square surfaces. The one with a square surface is called as an orbital sander, while the circular one is called a random orbital sander. Both of their sanding disks move in an elliptical motion and doesn’t traverse the same area twice. This motion helps in smoothening the surface with ease.\n\nThe orbital sander with square surface moves in a small circular motion around a smaller orbit. This motion sometimes leaves small swirl marks on the surface in case of wood sanding. The scratch patterns of orbital sanders also differ according to different brands. The orbital sanders will be suitable for you if you need to sand the surfaces with tight edges or corners such as stairs. It has a clip attachment for the sandpaper at the bottom, which you can easily remove and put back as per your requirements. Some of the common sized orbital sanders are called quarter-sheet orbital sanders as they use only a quarter of the sheet of sandpaper. This usage makes the work quite convenient and reasonable.\n\nA random orbital sander with circular surfaces moves back and forth in an oscillation pin. This sander does not leave any swirl marks on the surface. It has a velcro type attachment for the sandpaper, which makes the sandpaper replacement an effortless job.\n\nEffective Ways of Using An Orbital Sander\n\nWhile starting with the orbital sanders, ensure that you have all the necessary things for your safety. To make it easy for you, we have listed some of the basic things that you should be prepared with before sanding.\n\n  • Choose the right sanding disks.\n  • Buy some gloves to protect your hands.\n  • Eye protection and a dust mask are also must-haves while working with sanders.\n  • Make sure to cover the delicate areas.\n  • Secure the sanding disk properly.\n\nOnce you are ready with all the equipment, start the sanding process by keeping the following things in mind.\n\n  1. Don’t overuse the sandpaper.\n\nThe orbital sander consists of a hook and loop system that works as a clip to hold the sandpaper. It allows you to secure the sanding disk and replace it after specific intervals. Before starting the orbital sander, make sure the sanding paper is tightly attached to the sanding disk for a firm grip. You should never over-use the sandpaper as it works less effectively when clogged with dust and other particles.\n\n  • Keep the level maintained throughout the sanding process.\n\nWhile many people start the sanding process by using the edge of the sander, it is not how it is expected to be done. You should always start with the full disk area as it will help maintain the sander’s level throughout your sanding process. It makes the sanding smooth and also distributes equal pressure on the surface.\n\n  • Keep moving gradually.\n\nWhile starting with the sanding, you should go slowly and gradually. Moving the orbital sander instantly with excitement will be of no use to you. So, maintain consistency and move it as the disk rotates from one portion to another. If you keep moving it evenly and slowly, you will end up with a smoother and fine surface of the wood.\n\n  • Keep the surroundings clean and clear.\n\nIt is obvious that the dust particles will find their way into the air once you start sanding the surface. At times, the dust particles will make you feel uncomfortable and hinder your breathing. Extracting the dust and collecting it is an important step for maintaining the ventilation. The dust particles also have a negative effect on the wooden surface as it comes into contact with the sanding disk.\n\nYou can buy a dust collector which is available in the market. It helps collect all the dust particles and keeps the surrounding dust free. It will also help you measure your sanding process as you can clearly see the surface without any dust particles around you.\n\n  • Keep even pressure on the orbital sander.\n\nWhenever it comes to pressure, you should always go light on the orbital sander. The reason being it already has enough pressure on the sander along with your hand on it. If you put abundant pressure on the sander, it will be less productive and result in an uneven surface. Also, you will not be able to maintain that same pressure throughout the process, which will also make the surface uneven.\n\nThe best way to work with the orbital sander is to switch it on before putting on the surface. Once the machine starts, keep it firmly on the surface and move it with lighter pressure. Before taking it off from the surface, switch it off, and then move it away.\n\nIn the end, you will have a smooth and attractive surface with the help of orbital sanders. You don’t even need to find any professional to get your work done. We hope that now you are quite clear and aware of how to use the orbital sanders for any surface.\n\nKevin Darabont", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9692805409431458}
+{"content": "(A)   Generally.  The use of land or structures on any lot fronting on or abutting a lake, reservoir, pond, swamp, stream, river, or other natural watercourse shall comply with the regulations stated below, as well as all other regulations in this chapter, pertaining to the district in which the property is located. \n   (B)   Specifically.\n      (1)   Setback from water.\n         (a)   No building or structure, temporary or permanent, shall be placed or erected 50 feet from the water line or 25 feet from the high water mark of any water body.\n         (b)   Along rivers and streams, no docks may be constructed.\n      (2)   Natural vegetative strip.\n         (a)   A vegetative strip composed of native vegetation shall be maintained along the shore of all water bodies.\n         (b)   The vegetative strip shall be a minimum of 25 feet in depth.\n         (c)   No ponds shall be constructed, nor earth moved, surface soils removed, or filling shall occur within the natural vegetative strip.\n      (3)   Easement to water front.  In the event any land having water frontage is used to group easement or public access (i.e. boardwalk), the access shall follow the waterline (ordinary high water mark).\n(Ord. passed 10-23-1978, § 15.13; Am. Ord. 2004-2, passed 2-23-2004)  Penalty, see § 152.999", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9869896769523621}
+{"content": "Magma Engineering Asia-Pacific: Robust Casting Simulation Software for Better Quality with Increased\n\nCIO Vendor One of the oldest and most challenging methods is casting that is used to manufacture complex parts which can be time consuming and expensive if approached by alternate methods. This energy-intensive manufacturing processes requires the utmost precision of process control. Implementation of casting simulation software increases the robustness of the process while improving the quality and avoiding any metal casting defects that may be encountered. Essentially, the software has the ability to simulate and identify typical casting defects such as cold shuts, air entrapment, shrinkage porosity and mould degradation. Most importantly, it assists in reducing the design time by assuring these issues are taken care of before moving on to the costly prototype stage. However, it is a highly technical engineering process that demands a deep scientific understanding which can be attained only with experienced professionals and updated technology.\n\nWith more than two decades of industry rich experience and simulation competence is MAGMA Engineering Asia- Pacific offering cutting-edge MAGMASOFT software that helps produce quality castings by minimizing the shop floor trails, reducing the cost of production, streamlining the process conditions and quantifying the experience. The software is used throughout the metal casting industry, especially for the optimization of cast components in automotive and heavy industry applications. The company believes what sets their software apart from vendors providing similar solutions is their unique combinations of accuracy, reliability, research and development, technology, technical support and effective trainings on the software. Most importantly, keeping up with trending technologies and rising customer demands, the company continually upgrades the software with innovative features specifically catering to the foundry industry.\n\nEnhancing the Quality Standards of Metal Casting\nHeadquartered in Singapore and a subsidiary to MAGMA Giessereitechnologie GmbH, the company boasts of a global presence in the USA, Singapore, Brazil, Korea, Turkey, India, China, and the Czech Republic with more than 30 qualified partners representing MAGMA across the globe.\nContinuing the series of MAGMASOFT solutions is MAGMASOFT Release 5.3, yet another of the company’s novel offerings. Essentially, it is a comprehensive and effective simulation tool for improving metalcasting quality, optimizing process conditions and substantially reducing costs in production. The software has been designed to predict the total metalcasting quality by simulating the mould filling, solidification and cooling. In addition to this, the residual stresses and distortion clubbed with the microstructure formation and property distributions can be assessed in all casting manufacturing processes.\n\n\nThe company’s newest release, MAGMA 5.3, is a new optimization methodology that assists in deciding the feasibility of a design as well better economics planning while also optimizing the alternate designs to make proper decisions. The feature-rich solution extends their services to product designers to optimize designs by ensuring the desired material properties without maintaining excessive safety margins. Additionally it helps to predict the feasibility of reduction in the casting wall thickness within specified boundary conditions. It identifies potential defects at an early stage by solidification simulations which in turn enable to design the proper gating system. In conjunction with this, it reduces the lead time by providing proper solutions to the casting manufacturers and establishes better communication between development, production, management, sales and casting buyers to ensure a smooth functioning of the process.\n\nWith a strong commitment to casting excellence, the company strives to continually improve themselves and work on several new challenges which will ultimately benefit the casting industry. With the success of their latest release, MAGMA envisions launching their latest solution, MAGMA 5.4, a new methodology for die casting industry and also provide binder degradation analysis through the software. Meeting and exceeding every customer’s unique requirements, the company promises to innovate and update the market accordingly.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7513140439987183}
+{"content": "Metricbeat can be deployed on any VM or any Bare Metal server. Metricbeat collects data associated with a customer system, for example, resources, processes, and process states. Metricbeat has formatting of its own that can be published on the Kafka bus.\n\nTo get the information into VMware Telco Cloud Operations, the Metricbeat data must be mapped. If there are no data that map to VMware Telco Cloud Operations metric models, than a generic metric model is used. The VMware pipline takes the generic model and publishes the data into Elasticsearch. You can create reports from the generic metric data types.\n\nThe following is an example of Metricbeat formatting:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.803185224533081}
+{"content": "The Economic Times\nEnglish Edition\n| E-Paper\n\n    View: What science tells us about Hindu majoritarianism\n\n\n    Genetic evidence now shows that Hindu majoritarianism is as mistaken on scientific as moral grounds.\n\n    Our genes show we are all African, Harappan and Steppe Asian in differentdoses. That is what makes us Indians, not an imaginary Aryan exclusivity.\n    While BJP trumpets Hindu nationalism in its election campaign, the question, ‘Who are we?’ has been answered brilliantly by Tony Joseph in a new book, Early Indians: The Story of Our Ancestors and Where We Came From. Elucidating new genetic studies that have revolutionised our ability to trace ancestry, Joseph shows that all races across the world originated in Africa. We are all Africans of a sort, some of whom entered India directly, and some indirectly.\n\n    India is not a country of original Aryan Hindus invaded by Muslims, as portrayed by some RSS historians. Primitive ape-like proto-humans lived in India over 100,000 years ago. But the land’s first Homo sapiens came from Africa 65,000 years ago, and spread gradually. The proto-humans lost ground and eventually became extinct.\n\n    From Tourist to Immigrant\n    Another out-of-Africa branch that had settled in the Zagros Mountains of Iran entered India 7,000 years ago. It brought agricultural techniques that helped create the great Harappan civilisation. This developed major cities, the Indus Valley script and Dravidian languages.\n\n    The Harappan civilisation stretched across 1 million sq km, one-third the size of modern India. It was far larger in population and area than the more famous ancient civilisations of Egypt or Mesopotamia. We Indians should be boasting about this as our greatest, most globally dominant era. Alas, we have been unable to translate the Indus Valley script, and so lack detailed knowledge of those times.\n\n    Droughts and earthquakes changed the course of the Saraswati river on which many Harappan cities had been established. This ultimately ended the Harappan civilisation.\n\n    Waves of new migrants from the Central Asian steppes arrived between 2000 BC and 1000 BC. They called themselves Aryans. They were a mix of several out-of-Africa groups that had once resided in Mongolia and Europe. They brought early versions of Sanskrit and Vedic beliefs, and mixed intensively with the existing people of north India to produce the Ancient North Indians. They mixed much less with those in the south. Yet, all these groups originated in the out-of-Africa migration, and so were distant cousins.\n\n    Later immigrants included Tibetan-Burmese and Austro-Asiatic groups from the east. Much later came a succession of immigrants through the Khyber Pass: Greeks, Huns, Sakas, Uzbeks (later called ‘Mughals’) and finally Europeans. Joseph compares India with a pizza having original Africans as its base, a sauce from Iran that helped create Harappans, and toppings from the Asian steppes and other parts of the world.\n\n    All Hindu castes, dalits and tribals have a mix of original African, Harappan and Steppe genes. Caste is a recent social invention, reflected in sharply reduced inter-marriage and genetic mixing after 100 AD. This happened thousands of years after the initial Aryan immigration.\n\n    A Pigment of Imagination\n    These findings will dismay traditional Hindus who believe that Aryans originated in India and spread later into Central Asia and Europe, taking with them Sanskrit, which developed into other Indo-European languages. Many people, all the way from Germany to Iran, call themselves Aryan. Amazingly, despite having blond hair, blue eyes and white skins, they too are descended from the earliest Africans. Colour, language and rituals are no indication of ancestry, only genes are.\n\n    A hundred years ago, using linguistic and archeological evidence, European historians like Max Müller theorised that the Aryans came from Europe and Central Asia into India. That thesis seemed falsified by the new genetic studies 15 years ago, based essentially on female genes. These suggested that the early Africans may have developed into Aryans in India, who then migrated to the steppes and Europe. The RSS was thrilled that science suddenly seemed to vindicate their belief that Aryans originated in India.\n\n    However, that theory has now been torpedoed by the latest genetic research, which takes into account male genes too. This research vindicates Max Müller’s theory. The biggest-ever genetic study was done by 92 scientists from all over the world, overseen by David Reich, Kumarasamy Thangaraj and others. This was published as recently as March 2018, titled ‘The Genomic Formation of South and Central Asia’ (\n\n    The research looked at DNA extracted from the remains of 612 ancient skeletons, from sites ranging from Central Asia to Iran and the Indian subcontinent. These samples were compared with the DNA of 246 genetic groups in modern South Asia. This was the biggest, most authoritative genetic study ever.\n\n    It showed conclusively that the only Aryans that ever migrated from India to Europe were the gypsies, or Roma. All other Aryan streams came in the other direction, from the steppes into India. Those steppe streams were mixtures of out-of-Africa groups settled in Mongolia and Europe. These intermingled for centuries, and then migrated to India.\n\n    India is a country of unrivalled diversity, with 22 official languages and thousands of dialects, plus a multitude of ethnic and religious groups. Such a country should, in any case, be celebrating its diversity rather than narrow majoritarianism. Genetic evidence now shows that Hindu majoritarianism is as mistaken on scientific as moral grounds.\n\n\n\n    The Economic Times\n\n    Stories you might be interested in", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6847524046897888}
+{"content": "Somalia’s Miscalculation: A Reading for the Sudan\n\n8 mins read\n\nThe Queen of Sheba\n26 December 2020\n\nthumbs b c 7c6abcb29526e0739a08cf5b2126b2cb\n\nIt is with deep regret—and wrath—that we are witnessing the invasion of Ethiopian territories by curiously aggressive Sudanese army at a time when Ethiopia has been preoccupied in a major endeavor to bring the rebellious TPLF cabal to justice—an effort hailed by many, including the African Union Commission.\n\nThe Sudanese army, in an unprecedented escalation, not exhibited hitherto, heavily bombarded Ethiopian territory, killed and chased its farmers, burned and looted properties, pushed deep into the country, as far as 40 kms in some areas.\n\nTo add an insult to the injury, when the Ethiopian Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Demeke Mekonnen met its Sudanese counterparts in Khartoum in a peace mission, it was reported that the Sudanese counterparts told him that they have neither the interest to leave the occupied territories nor the wish to pursue negotiations.\n\nAlas, some elements of the multi-headed hydra of the Sudanese dark forces appear to have gained a high-ground to declare war on Ethiopia.\n\n\nSomalia’s Miscalculations: A Reading for the Sudan\n\nIn the late 1970s, Somalia’s former President Siad Barre viciously attacked and invaded Ethiopia—when the country was at one of its weakest points in its history pulled apart by internal political players as well as destabilizing external forces. The Barre regime invaded a large swathe of the Ethiopian territory with an incursion of some 700 kms.\n\nEthiopia had to recruit, train and mobilize some 300,000 forces in just a few months to defend its territory. Barre’s army faced the Ethiopian forces, which were augmented by heightened international solidarity at the time, but routed with a lightning speed. The major enablers and supporters of the Barre regime—including the Arab Republic of Egypt, externally, and the rebellious TPLF cabal forces at the time, internally—could not save it from the humiliating defeat.\n\nBoth Somalia and Ethiopia paid incalculable human and material price. As it happens, the massive defeat of Barre’s army ultimately triggered the total collapse of Somalia as a nation.\n\n\nSudanese Army: Diverting Attention?\n\nCurrently, the Sudan finds itself at a crossroads and this is not lost to the Ethiopian leadership and its people. In fact, Ethiopia has played a vital role in mediating the two warring—civilian and military—forces in the Sudan, rescuing the country from imminent abyss. The large majority of the Sudanese people are aware of it.\n\nHowever, the power sharing arrangement between the military and the civilian leadership has not be optimal, if not openly tense. The recent public protest in Khartoum has proven that the tension is far from over.\n\nSome allege that the current invasion of the Ethiopian territory was hatched by some elements in the Sudanese army to raise its flagging public support and also deflect public opinion. Some also account the current border aggression to the strong bond, sealed with extensive, but dubious, business transactions, between some elements of the Sudanese army and the now defunct elements of the TPLF cabal.\n\n\nThe Arab Republic: Hand back the Halayeb Lands\n\nAccording to a news report, as recent as 2018, the Sudan raised complaints at the United Nations demanding the Arab Republic to hand over its territories in the region largely known as the “Halayeb Triangle”. The report further noted\n\nRelations between Egypt and Sudan have been soured in recent months by disputes over the ownership of the triangle, and over the broader issue of use of water from the River Nile that passes through their territories.\n\nThe report further stated that\n\nEgypt rejected in 2016 a request from Khartoum to enter negotiations to determine sovereignty over the triangle or to seek international arbitration.\n\nI have already attempted to lay bare the Arab Republic’s deceptive bluster in an earlier piece entitled “Ethio-Sudanese Border Fracas: The Egyptian Croc Tears” and will thus be rather brief here.\n\nIn another recent report, which quoted the military expert and adviser at the Nasser High Military Academy of the Arab Republic “the Egyptian condemnation of the Ethiopian attack on Sudanese troops was not related to the current deadlock in the Nile dam talks…. Sudan constitutes a strategic depth to Egypt and any attack on Sudan poses a threat to Egypt’s national security… It is natural for Egypt to back Sudan’s right to defend its territory against any assault given the deeply rooted relations between the two countries.”\n\nA nation which has forcibly appropriated the Sudanese lands, now publicly, but shamelessly, sheds crocodile tears on the Ethio-Sudanese border skirmishes. It is evident that the Arab Republic is drooling on its mouth on the possibilities of a full-scale war between the two brotherly neighbors which most certainly would leave them both weak, fragile and drained—the Arab Republic’s central interest.\n\nTriggering a proxy war between that two nations is way too evident a sabotage to delay the completion of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. Regardless, no earthly force would stop the inevitable of completing the dam.\n\nClearly, the Arab Republic has a diminished view of the intelligence of the Sudanese people.\n\n\nIn Conclusion\n\nThere is a gaping hole in understanding the history and psyche of Ethiopians in defending themselves, their borders—and their country. It appears that that lesson continues to be unheeded by colonists in the West and expansionist despots in the neighborhood. There is a manifest confusion and deep misconception between internal discord among Ethiopians and external threat on their sovereignty.\n\nIt would be pretty foolish for the Sudanese army to contemplate the permanent occupation of Ethiopian territories by force and remain unchallenged with all conceivable powers—diplomatic or military. It would be a grave miscalculation on the part of the Sudan to escalate the situation on the account of military and logistical support of one of the most deceptive and ungrateful neighbors in the world.\n\nIt makes the aggressive Sudanese incursion into Ethiopian territories all the more reprehensible if its army erroneously intends to bank on imagined current limitations of the Ethiopian armed forces and the nation.\n\nEthiopians are peculiarly endowed with an innate resolve to self-defense—and sheer resilience. It is an enduring lesson for friends—and foes alike.\n\nThe Queen of Sheba may be reached at", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8672322034835815}
+{"content": "Shopping cart\n\nThe Eternals\n\nMarvel / · english\n\nImagine a race of immortal beings possessed with seemingly limitless superhuman abilities. Once worshipped as gods, this fantastic group left Earth to explore the stars after warring with the Greek, Roman and Norse pantheons for supremacy over humankind. They are the Eternals, and they are just one part of a cosmic mythology. Their opposites - the Deviants - also secretly populate Earth, while the towering cosmic entities that created both - the Celestials - are fated to arrive and judge our planet.\n\nbook format: paperback / pages: 400", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998367428779602}
+{"content": "Find the word definition\n\n\nSOCOM is an acronym which refers to United States Special Operations Command or one of these related topics:\n\nSOCOM (series)\n\nSOCOM is a series of third-person tactical shooter/ real-time tactics video games for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable, and one for the Cell Phone created by Zipper Interactive. The title for the series comes from the United States Special Operations Command (SOCOM) which is a Unified Combatant Command. The games focus on various teams of United States Navy SEALs (an operating component under SOCOM) completing missions with occasional help from other special operations forces from around the world such as the SAS, SBS and GROM.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5209469795227051}
+{"content": "Hybrid aeroacoustic approach for the efficient numerical simulation of human phonation\n\nStefan Schoder*, Michael Weitz, Paul Maurerlehner, Alexander Hauser, Sebastian Falk, Stefan Kniesburges, Michael Doellinger, Manfred Kaltenbacher\n\n*Korrespondierende/r Autor/in für diese Arbeit\n\nPublikation: Beitrag in einer FachzeitschriftArtikel\n\n\nA hybrid aeroacoustic approach was developed for the efficient numerical computation of human phonation. In the first step, an incompressible flow simulation on a three-dimensional (3 D) computational grid, which is capable of resolving all relevant turbulent scales, is performed using STARCCM+ and finite volume method. In the second step, the acoustic source terms on the flow grid are computed and a conservative interpolation to the acoustic grid is performed. Finally, the perturbed convective wave equation is solved to obtain the acoustic field in 3 D with the finite element solver CFS++. Thereby, the conservative transformation of the acoustic sources from the flow grid to the acoustic grid is a key step to allow coarse acoustic grids without reducing accuracy. For this transformation, two different interpolation strategies are compared and grid convergence is assessed. Overall, 16 simulation setups are compared. The initial (267 000 degrees of freedom) and the optimized (21 265 degrees of freedom) simulation setup were validated by measurements of a synthetic larynx model. To conclude, the total computational time of the acoustic simulation is reduced by 95% compared to the initial simulation setup without a significant reduction of accuracy, being 7%, in the frequency range of interest.\nSeiten (von - bis)1179-1194\nFachzeitschriftThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America\nPublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - Feb 2020\nExtern publiziertJa\n\nDieses zitieren", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997374415397644}
+{"content": "Chefs Seamus Mullen, George Mendes, Marco Canora and Jon Bonnell share their lifestyle reboots\n\n\nSeamus Mullen, the chef at New York City’s Tertulia, doesn’t sugarcoat it. “It’s no secret that the lifestyle of your average chef is not typically very healthy,” he says. “We tend to work hard, drink and party a lot, never rest, and we don’t take care of ourselves.”\nWhile a chef can run on cigarettes and coffee in his or her 20s, Mullen knows firsthand that it’s not sustainable in the long run—and it nearly cost him his life. After a complete overhaul of his eating and exercise habits, he’s in his best physical condition ever and has made it his mission to help other people find their way to health through a better relationship with food.\n\nMeet the chefs who have used the power of the plate to turn their own lives around, without sacrificing an ounce of pleasure.\n\nThe chef: Seamus Mullen, chef/owner of New York City’s Tertulia and El Colmado, and author of Hero Food\nThe toll: Stress, partying, drinking, poor eating and insufficient rest exacerbated some serious chronic health issues, but Mullen felt helpless to do anything about it.\nThe turning point: He was in and out of hospitals, taking 18 to 20 pills a day and receiving weekly injections when a doctor essentially gave Mullen two options, “change” or “die.” He chose the former.\nThe regimen: Mullen enlisted the help of a doctor who took a more holistic approach, teaching him to use food as a powerful tool to build a healthier life for himself. The diet he adopted—lots of vegetables, some meat, plenty of good fat, very little dairy, and virtually no sugar or carbohydrates—has helped him almost completely reverse his health issues and become stronger and more mobile than ever before. And he makes sure that he can eat that way at his own restaurants.\nThe responsibility: Every day, Mullen hears from people who, like him, suffer from chronic and autoimmune conditions and don’t know where to turn. In his book, Hero Food, he empowers people to take control over their eating patterns and learn to cook with delicious ingredients that can actually make them feel better. “As chefs, we love food and feeding other people and seeing the effect it has on their emotions,” he says. “To believe that in order to be healthy, you can’t have any of that? That’s incongruous. You have to embrace and love the food that you eat.”\nThe takeaway: “Health is as contagious as illness,” Mullen says. “What I want my colleagues to understand is that I’m not an anomaly. The difference might be that I made a really conscious survival choice that keeps me on a good path. They can do that, too.”\n\nThe chef: George Mendes, chef/owner of New York City’s Lupulo and Aldea, and author of My Portugal\nThe toll: The stress of being pulled in so many different directions—running a restaurant, being a chef, leader, coach and business owner—led to unhealthy habits. A combination of bad late-night meals (pizza was a frequent favorite), not enough sleep or exercise, and too much coffee made Mendes incredibly irritable and ungrounded. “You get to a point where you’re losing track of how you’re feeling and any sense of well-being. You can’t create in that frame of mind,” Mendes says.\nThe turning point: Loved ones expressed their care and concern about his health, so Mendes took it to heart and realized he had to make a commitment to feeling better.\nThe regimen: In addition to giving up alcohol, Mendes revamped his diet, opting, for instance, for egg whites, avocado and bacon, rather than a bacon, egg and cheese sandwich for breakfast. While caffeine is still in the mix, he’s sipping a lot more water and fruit juice along with it. “There’s still fat, but more nuts and fiber in my diet. I’m eating oatmeal and grains more often,” he says. And he’s using that nutritious food to fuel his new obsession: running 20 miles a week—sometimes alongside Mullen.\n\nThe responsibility: It’s important to Mendes to maintain his identity through the food he serves, even as his menus focus more on straightforward, healthy dishes—a natural progression for a chef focused on Mediterranean flavors and ingredients. “It’s part of our craft as cooks to take responsibility and not to just grab fat for flavor,” he says.\nThe takeaway: Though he does get questions about his decision to abstain from certain things, his health and well-being come first, and Mendes is grateful to have a support system of people who care enough about him to keep him on track. They’re cheering him on as he trains to run his first half marathon this March.\n\nThe chef: Marco Canora, chef/owner of New York City’s Hearth, Fifty Paces and Brodo, and author of Salt to Taste, A Good Food Day and Brodo\nThe toll: A chef-typical schedule of late nights, stress and overindulging left Canora feeling inflamed, bloated, exhausted and depressed.\nThe turning point: Bloodwork revealed a host of physical issues—including prediabetes, gout, and high cholesterol—most of which had been brought on by his taxing lifestyle.\nThe regimen: Canora selects whole ingredients that are nutrient dense and dishes that balance fiber, protein and fat. He figures that if it’s not a pleasure to make and eat, and doesn’t leave you feeling great, it’s just not worth it. A regular yoga routine rounded out his reboot and left him feeling calmer and more energized than he had in years. (And, yes, he’s the guy behind the bone broth craze.)\n\nThe responsibility: When he sunk deeply into the science of nutrition, Canora found himself swimming through jargon. “It’s absurd to me that I can know more about my food shopping in a supermarket buying packaged goods than I can when I go to a restaurant and spend even more money,” he says. In addition to writing his Good Food Day cookbook, he’s recently developed an infographic that he uses at the restaurant to explain his philosophy and empower diners to ask useful questions about the food they eat.\nThe takeaway: After New Year’s Eve service, Canora closed 12-year-old Hearth for six days to completely overhaul the interior of the restaurant, then reopened with a new menu that still reflects the homey Italian flavors and dishes for which he’s known, but more closely mirrors the diet that has helped him become healthier and happier.\n\nThe chef: Jon Bonnell, chef/owner of Fort Worth’s Bonnell’s Fine Texas Cuisine, Waters and Buffalo Brothers, and author of Waters, Texas Favorites and Fine Texas Cuisine\nThe toll: “Go figure, a guy in his late 30s in the culinary industry suddenly starts gaining weight. How could that possibly happen?” Bonnell jokes.\nThe turning point: “There’s this strange deal in this industry where unhealthy habits are celebrated,” he says. “Chefs are supposed to be fat and drink and smoke, maybe do some drugs and die in their 50s.” When his daughter was about to turn two, Bonnell suddenly realized he owed it to her to avoid that fate.\n\nThe regimen: Bonnell finds balance in a two-meal-a-day strategy that eliminates snacking, keeps carbs to roughly 20 percent and focuses on whole ingredients. He sticks to that during his workweek and allows himself to eat whatever he wants for two meals during his off days. “So long as you stick to your exercise plan. Sunday night while you’re watching football, if you want a whole pizza and a pitcher of beer, just do it.” And about that exercise plan: Bonnell was sweating his way through 20-minute cardio sessions on the treadmill when his brother-in-law convinced him to try a Thanksgiving Day 5K turkey trot. He found it so satisfying, he began signing up for every 5K in sight, training for half marathons, marathons and triathlons, before taking on (and completing) Ironman courses in Lake Tahoe and Kona, Hawaii—where he took great delight in passing Gordon Ramsay during the bike leg.\n\nThe responsibility: When Bonnell got in shape, people noticed. Though he still fields snark from people who like to say that a slender chef has no credibility, he prefers to focus on inspiring and empowering people to join him on his journey. When staff members make noises about undertaking a 5K or bike ride, he’s with them every mile of the way. In fact, when the general manager of one of his restaurants wanted to try the legendary Hotter’N Hell 100-mile bike ride in the dead of the Texas summer, Bonnell offered to ride in front of him to break the air. “Just follow,” he said, “and, dang, if he didn’t do it!”\nThe takeaway: While his main focus at his restaurants is the pleasure of his customers, he loves that he, himself, can go in and enjoy a meal that satisfies him body, mind and palate. “We have a pecan-crusted Texas redfish with crabmeat butter sauce over the top. That’s got a lot of calories, but that’s all healthy stuff, made from whole ingredients,” Bonnell says. “If you get on a diet that says you can never ever eat a cookie or anything delicious, you’re not going to stick to it.”\n\nAdd to Favourites", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8091149926185608}
+{"content": "Why do you boil skulls?\n\nDoes boiling bones clean them?\n\nBe careful not to boil it for too long, otherwise the bones will start falling apart. The boiling time varies, but a deer skull takes between two and three hours. Make sure you remove all the fat and flesh from the skull. When you have finished boiling the skull and it is completely clean, leave it to cool.\n\nHow long do you have to boil a deer skull?\n\nTime Requirements\n\nYou will boil the skull on a very low boil for 4 hours. Then, you’ll need to budget about 30 minutes or an hour for cleanup and for bleaching the skull (bleaching will take about 30 minutes.) The key to the process is the 4 hour boiling time.\n\nHow long should you boil a skull for a European mount?\n\nWhen you’ve got as much tissue out as possible, cover the skull — not the antlers — with water and a few tablespoons of Amway dishwashing powder or its equivalent. Boil or, better yet, simmer the skull for about 1-1/2 hours (less for a small deer, as too much boiling can loosen the fragile bone connections).\n\nHow do you clean a deer skull without boiling it?\n\nUsing a Pressure Washer to Clean Deer Antlers\n\nPressure washing is another way to thoroughly clean a deer skull plate without boiling. I still recommend borax after this, but if you have the equipment handy and have several to do, a pressure washer can make quick work of removing all tissue from a deer skull plate.\n\nTHIS IS FUN:  What Bacteria grows on cooked chicken?\n\nHow do you clean rat bones?\n\nCover with a 50/50 mixture of hydrogen peroxide/hair developer and water. Make sure that the bones are fully submerged. Cover loosely with a lid and let sit for 24 hours. After 24 hours, check on your bones and if you are happy with the whiteness, rinse thoroughly and let dry.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9954217672348022}
+{"content": "What does baking powder do in a recipe?\n\nHow long can I freeze cooked meat?\n\nHow does baking powder affect a recipe?\n\nBoth baking powder and baking soda are chemical leavening agents that cause batters to rise when baked. … When a recipe contains baking powder and baking soda, the baking powder does most of the leavening. The baking soda is added to neutralize the acids in the recipe plus to add tenderness and some leavening.\n\nWhat is the purpose of baking powder?\n\n\nWhat happens if you use baking soda instead of baking powder?\n\n\nTHIS IS FUN:  Your question: How long after boiling an egg can you put it in the fridge?\n\nWhat happens if you leave out baking powder?\n\n\nHow will baking powder affect the taste of cake and why?\n\n(a) The advantage of using baking powder is that tartaric acid present in baking powder reacts with sodium carbonate ( ) produced during decomposition of and neutralizes it. … (c) Tartaric acid neutralises the sodium carbonate formed during decomposition hence, making the cake tasty and not bitter in taste.\n\nWhat can u substitute for baking powder?\n\nHere are 10 great substitutes for baking powder.\n\n  • Plain Yogurt. …\n  • Molasses. …\n  • Cream of Tartar. …\n  • Sour Milk. …\n  • Vinegar. …\n  • Lemon Juice. …\n  • Club Soda.\n\nHow do you activate baking powder?\n\n\nWhich is better baking soda or baking powder?\n\nThat chemical reaction is key to adding the lift you want to achieve. Baking soda is much stronger than baking powder (three or four times stronger!), so you usually don’t need as much. Too much baking soda can make food taste metallic or soapy, so be sure to measure correctly.\n\nTHIS IS FUN:  Can you cook a casserole in a Pyrex dish?\n\nCan I substitute bicarbonate of soda for baking powder?\n\nCan you substitute one for the other? Fortunately, yes. And it isn’t too hard. You just have to remember the rule of thumb: baking soda is three times as powerful as baking powder.\n\nIs baking powder the same as cornstarch?\n\nBaking powder can stand in for baking soda in some recipes, but it doesn’t have the thickening power of corn starch and should not be used as a substitute. Baking powder’s chief attribute is its ability to make baked goods light and fluffy.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9989288449287415}
+{"content": "Browse Subject Areas\n\nClick through the PLOS taxonomy to find articles in your field.\n\nFor more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click here.\n\n  • Loading metrics\n\nRegional Alterations in Purkinje Cell Density in Patients with Autism\n\n  • Jerry Skefos ,\n\n    Affiliation Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America\n\n  • Christopher Cummings,\n\n\n  • Katelyn Enzer,\n\n\n  • Jarrod Holiday,\n\n\n  • Katrina Weed,\n\n\n  • Ezra Levy,\n\n\n  • Tarik Yuce,\n\n\n  • Thomas Kemper,\n\n\n  • Margaret Bauman\n\n\nRegional Alterations in Purkinje Cell Density in Patients with Autism\n\n  • Jerry Skefos, \n  • Christopher Cummings, \n  • Katelyn Enzer, \n  • Jarrod Holiday, \n  • Katrina Weed, \n  • Ezra Levy, \n  • Tarik Yuce, \n  • Thomas Kemper, \n  • Margaret Bauman\n\n\nNeuropathological studies, using a variety of techniques, have reported a decrease in Purkinje cell (PC) density in the cerebellum in autism. We have used a systematic sampling technique that significantly reduces experimenter bias and variance to estimate PC densities in the postmortem brains of eight clinically well-documented individuals with autism, and eight age- and gender-matched controls. Four cerebellar regions were analyzed: a sensorimotor area comprised of hemispheric lobules IV–VI, crus I & II of the posterior lobe, and lobule X of the flocculonodular lobe. Overall PC density was thus estimated using data from all three cerebellar lobes and was found to be lower in the cases with autism as compared to controls, an effect that was most prominent in crus I and II (p<0.05). Lobule X demonstrated a trend towards lower PC density in only the males with autism (p = 0.05). Brain weight, a correlate of tissue volume, was found to significantly contribute to the lower lobule X PC density observed in males with autism, but not to the finding of lower PC density in crus I & II. Therefore, lower crus I & II PC density in autism is more likely due to a lower number of PCs. The PC density in lobule X was found to correlate with the ADI-R measure of the patient's use of social eye contact (R2 = −0.75, p = 0.012). These findings support the hypothesis that abnormal PC density may contribute to selected clinical features of the autism phenotype.\n\n\nAutism is a behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder with core symptoms of impaired social interaction, delayed development of and qualitative abnormalities in communication, and restricted/repetitive and stereotyped behavior patterns [1]. Its wide range of additional associated symptoms and comorbidities has complicated efforts to determine the core neuropathological features of autism. Despite this clinical heterogeneity, numerous studies have described abnormalities involving the cerebellar circuitry and the limbic system [2]. Within the cerebellum, the consistently widely reported finding has been a decrease in the density of the Purkinje cells (PCs) [3][10], the large projection neurons in the cerebellar cortex. This is the first study, however, that was designed to precisely quantify regional alterations in PC density in autism and to test for association between PC density and a selection of relevant clinical behavioral measures.\n\nIn the present study, using a stereologic technique, we determined the PC densities in four cerebellar regions (Fig. 1). Two of these regions, crus I and II in the posterior lobe, were selected because previous studies have frequently noted abnormalities in these areas [3], [5][9]. Crus I and II are known to reciprocally connect with prefrontal cortical networks that modulate social behavior and behavioral planning [11], [12]. The third region, lobule X (the flocculonodular lobe), is associated with eye movement as well as vestibular regulation [13][18] and has been previously reported to display pathology in a subset of postmortem autistic cases [19], some of which were included in the present study [20], [21]. The fourth region, the hemispheric portion of lobules IV–VI, is a primary sensorimotor processing area that has been reported to undergo an age-dependent decline in PC density [22][24].\n\nFigure 1. Cerebellar Regions Investigated.\n\nThis flatmap diagram displays the four cerebellar regions of interest for our stereological assay. Hemispheric lobules IV–VI (in yellow) are bordered by the preculminate and superior posterior fissures, lateral to the fourth ventricle. Crus I (in blue) is the region bordered by the superior posterior and horizontal fissures. Crus II (in green) is bordered by the horizontal and ansoparamedian fissures. Lobule X, the flocculonodular lobe (in orange), is bordered by the posterolateral fissure. This image is an adaptation of the diagram by Larsell, 1958 [80].\n\nIn an attempt to improve upon previous studies of PC density in autism, we sampled from a series of sections obtained throughout the entire cerebellum to measure PC density in regions within each of the three cerebellar lobes. In addition, the stereological methodology employed in this study significantly reduced the potential for variance in data acquisition due to subjective determinations, as compared with prior attempts to quantify PCs in autism [3][10], [25], [26]. With this methodology, we have attained a strong inter-rater reliability (>95% concurrence between the measurements of seven stereologists) and low variance in the data. Furthermore, the cases we have included in the autism group were selected to approximate the incidence of mental retardation (MR) and epilepsy in the overall autism population, which was not a feature of prior investigations and disallowed an assessment of the contribution of MR and epilepsy to the observation of lower PC density in autism in these studies [27], [28].\n\n\nCase Demographics\n\nThe cerebella were obtained from the postmortem brains of eight individuals with autism and eight gender- and age-matched controls. Six of the cases were females (age range 4 to 21 years) and ten were males (age range 7 to 56 years), thus each group had 3 females and 5 males. All individuals in the autism group met DSM-IV and ADI-R criteria for autism spectrum disorders [1], [29]. The control cases had no known neurological disorder or known neuropathology. The clinical characteristics of both groups are summarized in Table 1. Postmortem interval (PMI), or time before initiating brain preservation, did not significantly differ between males and females nor between the autism and control groups. The majority of cerebella were sampled from the right hemisphere (88%), (Table 1). Three cases in the autism group were diagnosed with MR (IQ<70), ranging from mild to severe. Other symptoms in the autism group included: complications during pregnancy (38%), epilepsy (38%), delayed motor milestones (50%), delayed acquisition of verbal communication skills (88%), emotional disturbances such as depression and aggression (50%), and difficulty coordinating gaze (38%). Three cases in the autism group were reported to have suffered from developmental regression, two of whom had documented epilepsy. ADI-R scores did not significantly differ between males and females, but the male cases represented a wider age range (t = 2.35, df = 14, p = 0.036) than the female cases. The difference in average brain weight between males and females in our autism group was approximately twice the calculated difference for all autism cases cataloged in the Autism Tissue Program (ATP) database (327 vs. 186 grams) [], which may be a reflection of the small sample size available for this study. Based on the ATP data, cases diagnosed with autism display similar male-to-female differences in brain weight as controls, which is approximately a 10% increased fresh brain weight in males [30]. Due to this divergence from the normative data (in which we noticed an approximate 20% difference in our samples between the male and female autism cases), we have tested our analyses of PC density for covariance with brain weight and cerebellar volume (as described below in Statistical Analyses).\n\nTissue Preparation\n\nThis study utilized prepared cerebellar histological sections obtained from the ATP. These sections are a component of the ATP's Brain Atlas Project, which is a multi-site collaborative investigation of an established cohort of identically processed cases that agreed to donate their brain tissue for autism research (\n\nTissue prepared for the Brain Atlas Project was processed by the New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (NYS-IBR) following protocols approved by their Institutional Review Board [21]. Whole fresh brain weights were obtained prior to processing. Each brain was cut mid-sagittally through the corpus callosum and brainstem. One brain hemisphere was fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and the other brain hemisphere was frozen. Following at least 3 weeks of fixation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired of the fixed brain hemispheres from the cases in the autism group using a 1.5 T GE Signa Imager (General Electric, Milwaukee, USA). T1-weighted, fast gradient echo MRI was used to sample each brain in 1.5 mm-thick virtual slices in the coronal plane, perpendicular to the anteroposterior axis of the hippocampus (FOV = 25 cm, NEX = 1, matrix = 256×192, TR = 35 ms, FA = 60°). Following imaging, each fixed hemisphere was washed overnight in water and subsequently dehydrated in increasing ethanol concentrations (50% for 3 days, 70% for 4 days, 80% for 3 days, and 95% for 4 days). The tissue was then embedded in 8% celloidin [31]. Celloidin blocks were hardened in chloroform vapor for approximately 2.5 weeks, and then stored in 70% ethanol. A series of serial 200 µm sections separated by 1.2 mm increments (every 6th section) was obtained throughout the entire brain hemisphere as well as through the brainstem and cerebellum of each case (Fig. 2a). The sections were immersed in water for 2–3 hours, after which they were Nissl-stained with cresyl violet and mounted with Acrytol. Each case was assigned a brain bank identification number to maintain donor anonymity.\n\nFigure 2. Stereological Assessment of PC Density.\n\nThis figure depicts our stereological approach for quantifying PC density in each region of the cerebellum. 2a displays a full sagittal section of the human brain. 2b represents the positioning of contour lines used to select the boundaries around each region of interest, within which sampling occurs. Lobules IV–VI are highlighted in green, crus I is highlighted in pink, crus II is highlighted in blue, and the flocculus of lobule X is highlighted in orange at the bottom of the section. 2c displays a hypothetical placement of counting frames (optical disector probes) within lobules IV–VI. The counting frame size has been increased to aid in visualization for this example. The white dotted line displays the randomly imposed grid over the contour, which regulates the distance between counting frames along the X–Y plane of the section. A counting frame is placed in the top-left of each grid cell if it will include a portion of the region of interest as designated by the contour line. Finally, 2d displays a histological section with an imposed counting frame that includes two PCs to be counted. The use of the optical disector probe dictates that PCs are counted when within the counting frame or at all touching the green line, but never when cells intersect with the red line.\n\nStereological Methodology\n\nUsing two cerebellar atlases [32], [33], the cerebellar regions were anatomically defined as follows: crus I is bordered by the superior posterior and horizontal fissures; crus II is bordered by the horizontal and ansoparamedian fissures; lobule X includes the nodulus and flocculus which together are bordered by the posterolateral fissure; and hemispheric lobules IV–VI are bordered by the preculminate and superior posterior fissures, lateral to the fourth ventricle (Fig. 1).\n\nTo facilitate unbiased quantification of PCs within each selected cerebellar region, the optical disector probe [34], a 3D counting frame, was employed throughout the entire series of cerebellar slides (approximately 40 slides per case), such that we sampled throughout the entirety of each region of interest (Fig. 2). Each cerebellar lobule was sampled throughout the cortex and adjacent white matter (Fig. 2b). Slides were analyzed using a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope equipped with a motorized stage (Ludl Electronic Products, Hawthorne, NY) and microcator (a positional deviation meter, Heidenhain, Schaumburg, IL) for precise navigation in the XY and Z planes of the section, respectively. The microscope was guided by a computer with the Stereoinvestigator 10 (MBF Bioscience, Williston, VT) software package calibrated to move the slide with 1 µm precision. This system ensured systematic, uniform and random sampling. Preliminary measures were taken to ensure >95% inter-rater reliability (number of stereologists = 7) and <0.07 coefficient of error (CE) for each region investigated (Gundersen CE, m = 1. For a detailed description: [35]). Our counting object was the PC soma, which was readily identifiable with a 40× objective lens (NA = 0.75), and thus PCs were counted when the borders of the soma were in focus. Slides were viewed through the microscope eyepiece as well as on the computer monitor using an Optronics Microfire digital camera. The ATP Brain Atlas celloidin series is comprised of 200 µm sections designed to aid in volumetric analyses. However, PCs were most reliably identifiable through a depth of the first 80 µm in each section due to excessive light diffraction at greater depths. Therefore, we employed a 5 µm guard volume (to prevent counting error due to cell loss during tissue sectioning) and sampled through 75 µm below the guard volume. The computer software ensured that the 19,600 µm2 counting frames were randomly imposed and evenly spaced within the region of interest on each slide (Fig. 2c). The distance between the counting frames was determined separately for each cerebellar region to ensure that optimal sampling parameters were employed. Sampling parameters were considered optimal if they minimized systematic error from oversampling, while still providing reliably reproducible estimates of PC density, as determined by the CE [36]. Using optimized parameters, a counting frame was placed every 2500 µm2, 2200 µm2, 400 µm2, and 1400 µm2 along the X and Y axes, in crus I, crus II, lobule X, and hemispheric lobules IV–VI, respectively. As a result, the mean number of counting frames for each of these four regions was: 1106, 818, 1392, and 1690, respectively. Overall, approximately 5,000 counting sites throughout the three cytoarchitectonic layers of the cortex and the associated underlying white matter were assayed in each cerebellum (Fig. 2). Using these parameters, approximately 450 PCs were counted in each cerebellar region with an average CE of 0.053.\n\nIn some cases, less than 100% of each region of interest was available, which precluded the possibility of obtaining estimates of total PC number. Case notes indicated that as much as 10% of the tissue had been lost during processing. In addition, some slices demonstrated fraying at the edge of the folia. In a few instances, these complications prevented us from obtaining estimates from each target region and thus only the regions that could be completely sampled were analyzed. As a result, rather than estimating total PC number, data were analyzed as PC density measurements, calculated by dividing the total number of PCs counted in a region by the summed volume of each counting box placed in that region (Eq. 1).(1)\n\nAdditional Volumetry Using MRI\n\nWe were able to collect a measure of total cerebellar volume for each case in the autism group by performing planimetry on the MRI data obtained by the NYS-IBR using the formalin fixed brains. Tissue shrinkage during fixation ranged from 44% to 52% and did not differ significantly between the autism and control groups. Planimetry was performed with ImageJ [] using the Yawi3D plugin [], which generates an automated selection of the region of interest on each MRI slice. Following manual adjustment using a pen tablet interface (Wacom, Otone, Japan) to ensure precise delineation of cerebellar boundaries, the cerebellar area in each slice was calculated and summed. As the MRI acquisition and tissue processing protocols used in this study were standardized across samples, it was possible to make comparisons within the autism group using the planimetric data for each case. However, since control brains in the Brain Atlas Project lacked MRI data, group comparisons were not made. Obtaining total cerebellar volume measurements for the cases in the autism group allowed for an assessment of the contribution of overall tissue volume to PC density in each region, particularly as it pertained to gender differences within the autism group, as well as the correlation between PC density and behavioral measures.\n\nStatistical Analyses\n\nTo assess the differences between group means on the basis of gender and autism diagnosis, we performed a linear mixed model test fitted by maximum likelihood, with weighted least squares (WLS) correction based on the regional volume from which each PC density measure was obtained. To test for regional differences in PC density as an effect of gender and autism diagnosis, we repeated the test without the WLS correction. The above tests were also repeated with brain weight as a covariate to investigate the contribution of brain weight to our findings (Table 2). False discovery rate controlled t-tests [37] were then performed to inspect the interaction between gender, diagnosis, and region. The appropriate t-test was chosen based on the results of Levene's test of equality of variances between each group. PC density measures in each region were tested for correlation with the non-parametric scores in each domain of the ADI-R (communication, social interaction, and restricted/repetitive behavior), as well as with the 7 specific questions in the ADI-R recently identified by machine learning analyses to be most indicative of an autism diagnosis [Presentation by Dennis Wall, “Shortening the Behavioral Diagnosis of Autism Through Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Health Technologies,” Autism Consortium 2011 Symposium, Boston, MA]. (For a detailed description of the statistical methods used to select these specific behavioral variables, Wall et al. has recently published a similar analysis of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule [38]). For all tests of correlation involving non-parametric behavioral measures, Spearman rank correlations were performed. To assess the probability of a false positive correlation, the false discovery rate procedure was performed. The effects of potentially confounding factors or clinically relevant covariables were investigated. Parametric variables such as age, brain weight, cerebellar volume, PMI, and fixation time were tested for covariance with PC density estimates using univariate generalized linear models. To test the effects of clinically relevant factors reported in the case histories of the autism group, such as epilepsy, diagnosis of MR, developmental regression, lack of verbal development, delay in attaining motor milestones, and complications during pregnancy, separate t-tests were performed for each cerebellar region. Additionally, for cases in the autism group, linear regression analysis was performed to detect potential associations between PC density and the age at which the subject first walked unaided.\n\nLogarithmic transformation was performed on all PC density estimates to adjust for skew from a normal distribution. The significance of each finding was only marginally affected by this transformation. Because our PC measures were obtained from each lobe of the cerebellum (anterior, posterior, and flocculonodular), we generated an estimate of overall cerebellar PC density as a composite of the regional volume-weighted mean PC densities. Therefore, PC density estimates from larger cerebellar regions (crus I & II) had a greater impact on this overall PC density estimate (similar to the WLS correction in the linear mixed models described above). Cerebellar regional volumes used in this overall PC density estimate were based on planimetric measurements obtained from the histological sections during stereological PC density estimation.\n\nAll statistical tests were two-sided, with an alpha level of 0.05, and false discovery rate was used to adjust the cutoff for significance as mentioned in the Results. Confidence intervals were set at 95% for all comparisons, and for correlations, these intervals were determined using bootstrapping with 1,000 replications. Statistical computations were performed with SPSS Version 19 (IBM, Armonk, NY).\n\n\nComparisons Based on Diagnosis\n\nAutism cases demonstrate a lower overall Purkinje cell density.\n\nWe pooled all PC density measurements for each case and tested for an overall difference in PC density based on autism diagnosis using a linear mixed model. The model clustered the PC density measures from each case, and weighted the significance of each region's PC density measures in proportion to the respective region's volume (thereby avoiding the overrepresentation of smaller regions in the overall analysis). The regional volume estimates utilized in this analysis were calculated from histological area measurements of each region obtained as the PCs were quantified on each slide.\n\nUtilizing this model, we observed an effect of autism diagnosis on overall PC density (p = 0.02, Table 2, Test 1). This was reflected as an 11% lower regional volume-weighted mean PC density in the autism group. This finding was additionally corrected for covariance with each case's brain weight, which only slightly improved the significance (p = 0.01, Table 2, Test 2). Because brain weight is a correlate of brain volume [39], this finding indicates that the difference in PC density between the autism and control groups may not be due to volumetric differences but may rather reflect a difference in overall PC number. An alternative possibility is that regional volumetric changes occur in autism (that may not make a substantial impact on overall brain weight but could still affect regional PC density), but a linear mixed model designed to test this found no effect of diagnosis on regional volume (p = 0.936).\n\nPurkinje cell density is more affected in crus I & II in autism.\n\nLinear mixed models were used to test for an interaction between autism diagnosis and regional PC density (Table 2, Tests 3 & 4). These tests indicated that autism did not affect any of the four regions' PC densities differentially (p = 0.768, Table 2, Test 3). Indeed, each region demonstrated a lower PC density in the autism cases compared to controls. Furthermore, we found that the densities of some of the regions were highly correlated: crus I & II exhibited the strongest correlation (R2 = 0.832, p = 1.2×10−4). When the effect of gender was incorporated, however, we did observe a three-way interaction between gender, diagnosis, and region (p = 0.014, Table 2, Test 3). This indicates that autism affects each region differently in males compared to females. Figure 3 demonstrates these regional effects, and shows that in crus I & II, both males and females displayed a lower PC density in the autism group.\n\nFigure 3. Regional PC Density.\n\nThis graph demonstrates the findings from our linear mixed models (Table 2). Mean PC density was lower in the autism group in each region assayed, but this finding was most prominent in crus I and II (marked with *), where there was 19.8±9% and 21.7±9% lower PC densities, respectively (p = 0.039 and p = 0.032, t-test). (See the results of this test in Table 3). Lobule X PC density was lower in the males with autism (marked with ‡) than in control males (p = 0.05), and lower than female cases in the autism group (p = 0.022). Bars represent mean ± standard deviation. The number of subjects for each test from each diagnostic group and their gender are represented in the results tables (Tables 2 and 3).\n\nOur a priori hypothesis based on previous studies was that PC density would be most affected in crus I & II in autism [3], [5][9]. To investigate this, we proceeded with post hoc analyses of each region's PC density with respect to autism diagnosis using t-tests controlled for false discovery rate. These tests demonstrated that the major effect of autism diagnosis on PC density was in crus I & II, which demonstrated an approximately 20% lower PC density (p = 0.039 & p = 0.032, Fig. 3, Table 3).\n\nAge-related decline in Purkinje cell density does not differ in autism.\n\nPrior investigations have reported evidence of an age-related decline in PC density in the anterior lobe [22]. Our PC density measures from the hemispheric portions of lobules IV–VI displayed a trend in support of these previous observations that did not reach significance (R2 = −0.23±0.16, p = 0.097). However, the age range of our samples did not extend as far into old age as in the prior reports. If samples from individuals with more advanced age were included in the present investigation, it is possible we would have observed a more significant correlation between age and PC density in this region. Nonetheless, we did observe an age-related decline in overall PC density (R2 = −0.39±0.14, p = 0.030) (Fig. 4) that did not differ between the autism and control groups.\n\nFigure 4. Overall PC Density Decreases with Age.\n\nOverall PC density obtained from the anterior, posterior, and flocculonodular lobes negatively correlates with age (R2 = −0.39±0.14, p = 0.030). Some cases were missing data from an individual region (as described in Methods) and were not included: one female and one male case from the autism and control groups were not included.\n\nFlocculonodular dysplasia does not impact PC density.\n\nAll of the cases in our autism group have been analyzed by neuropathologists at the NYS-IBR in a manner that was blind to diagnosis. Five cases in our study (63%) were reported to display flocculonodular dysplasia by Wegiel et al. [21]. However, we found that lobule X dysmorphology had no effect on the PC density in this region (p = 0.662).\n\nComparisons Based on Gender\n\nMales have a lower overall Purkinje cell density than females.\n\nWe investigated the effect of gender on overall PC density by using the same linear mixed model discussed above (Table 2, Test 1 & 2). Again, this test incorporated all PC density measures, clustered by case, and the significance of each measure was weighted by the volume of the region from which it was taken. Using this approach, we observed an effect of gender on overall PC density (p = 0.036, Table 2, Test 1). This was reflected as a 21% lower regional volume-weighted mean PC density in the male cases compared to the females.\n\nIt was particularly important to correct this model for covariance with brain weight (Table 2, Test 2), because our female cases demonstrated a 13.5% lower brain weight than the male cases (t = 2.857, df = 13, p = 0.013). Doing so negatively impacted the significance of gender's effect on PC density (p = 0.068, Table 2, Test 2). However, one control male case was missing brain weight data, and by removing that case from Test 1, we were able to determine that the main difference in the significance between Test 1 and 2 was due to a loss of statistical power rather than an effect of brain weight on PC density. (Indeed, excluding this case from Test 1 resulted in a similar effect of gender, p = 0.061). Therefore, it appears that volumetric differences minimally contributed to the effect of gender on overall PC density in this investigation.\n\nLobule X is more affected in males with autism than females.\n\nFrom our linear mixed models descried above (Table 2, Tests 3 & 4), it was apparent that not all regions had similar PC densities. We further confirmed this phenomenon with an ANOVA (p = 1×10−4) using Tukey's HSD post hoc analysis and found that lobule X differed from the other regions in terms of PC density, most substantially from crus I & II (p<0.001) and to a lesser extent from hemispheric lobules IV–VI (p = 0.036).\n\nAs demonstrated in Figure 3, we observed that males in the autism group had a lower PC density in lobule X while females' lobule X PC densities appeared to be unaffected by autism. We hypothesized this to be a crucial component of the three-way interaction between diagnosis, gender, and region identified in the linear mixed models (Table 2, Tests 3 & 4). We further analyzed this phenomenon by performing t-tests comparing the lobule X PC density in males and females in our autism and control groups. This approach demonstrated that males in the autism group had a 31.5% lower PC density than females in the autism group (t = 3.154, df = 6, p = 0.02), while there was no difference based on gender in the control group (p = 0.768). Additionally, males in the autism group had a trend towards a 26% lower PC density than control males (t = 2.312, df = 8, p = 0.05), while there was no difference between the females in the autism and control groups (p = 0.921). We must emphasize that this is a highly preliminary finding because of the low sample size, particularly with respect to female cases. Indeed, applying a univariate generalized linear model to test for the interaction between gender and diagnosis in affecting lobule X PC density did not prove significant (p = 0.193). The observed power for this analysis was 0.24 and the effect size f was 0.36. This is a medium-sized gender by diagnosis interaction effect that would require a larger sample pool to reach significance. Further research is required to determine if this finding is reproducible in a larger study, as it may represent a unique gender-based difference in the neuropathology of autism.\n\nWe further assessed the contribution of age to our preliminary finding of a gender-based disparity in lobule X PC density in the autism group, because the females in our study were younger than the males (t = 2.35, df = 14, p = 0.036). Using generalized linear modeling with age as a covariate, we found that age only marginally affected the significance of this finding (F = 6.881, p = 0.047).\n\nVolumetric differences may account for the observed gender difference in lobule X Purkinje cell density.\n\nThe disparity between male and female brain weights in our autism group was nearly twice the expected difference (327 grams compared to 186 grams for the autism cases cataloged in the ATP database) [], which may be a reflection of the small sample size available for this study. Furthermore, PC density in lobule X was correlated with brain weight in the autism group (R2 = −0.67, p = 0.014). Brain weight is a correlate of brain volume [39], and thus we performed a generalized linear model with brain weight as a covariate to assess its contribution to the observed gender difference in lobule X PC density. Indeed, eliminating the effect of brain weight impacted the significance of the difference between male and female lobule X PC density in the autism group (p = 0.642), as well as the difference between males with autism compared to control males (p = 0.117).\n\nAdditionally, MRI data was available for the autism cases in our study and we used these to obtain cerebellar volume measurements. Similar to what we observed with brain weight, lobule X PC density in the autism group strongly correlated with cerebellar volume (R2 = −0.80±0.02, p = 0.008). After correcting the generalized linear model for covariance with cerebellar volume, we saw a similar loss of significance in the difference between male and female lobule X PC density in the autism group (p = 0.730).\n\nIn light of these findings, a gender-based disparity in lobule X volume likely contributes to the PC density differences observed in this region. This is in contrast to the findings of reduced PC density in crus I & II in autism, for which there was no observed difference in the significance following a correction for brain weight (p = 0.025 and p = 0.017). We also noticed in our linear mixed model that including brain weight as a covariate marginally increased the significance of the three-way interaction between gender, diagnosis, and region (p = 0.005, Table 2, Test 4). Therefore, this volumetric contribution to the PC density differences observed in the autism group is limited to lobule X.\n\nBehavioral Correlation with Purkinje Cell Density\n\nWe examined our PC density estimates looking for possible correlations with behavioral measures obtained from the ADI-R. The ADI-R is comprised of 93 questions scored on an ordinal scale, which are combined into domain scores for the three core autism symptom domains (communication, social interaction, and restricted/repetitive behavior). However, these domain scores compound the intrinsic inter-rater variance of each ADI-R question, thus diminishing the power to determine relationships between neuropathological findings and specific behavioral symptoms. Therefore, we performed regression analysis on a selection of 7 specific ADI-R questions that were recently reported to associate strongly with autism diagnosis [Presentation by Dennis Wall, “Shortening the Behavioral Diagnosis of Autism Through Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Health Technologies,” Autism Consortium 2011 Symposium, Boston, MA]. We limited our regression analyses to these specific behavioral variables and performed false discovery rate analysis (as detailed in [37]) to reduce the probability of a type I statistical error.\n\nIn our initial analysis of ADI-R domain scores, we did not observe a significant association between PC density and any of the domain scores. However, in our analysis of specific questions from the ADI-R, we did identify a plausible association between lobule X PC density and social/communicative use of direct eye gaze (R2 = −0.75±0.04, p = 0.012) (Fig. 5). Higher scores on the ADI-R correspond with increased symptom severity. Therefore, lower lobule X PC densities were associated with greater impairments in social eye contact. Utilizing false discovery rate analysis, this association failed to meet the cutoff for significance (which was p = 0.009); however, due to known involvement of this region in regulating eye movement [20], we feel this observation merits further investigation.\n\nFigure 5. Lobule X PC Density is Associated with Direct Gaze.\n\nLobule X PC density in the autism group negatively correlated with ADI-R question 50, which assessed the social and communicative use of eye contact (R2 = −0.75±0.04, p = 0.012). Higher scores on the ADI-R correspond with increased symptom severity. One case from the autism group was lacking sufficient ADI-R data to be included in this analysis.\n\nAs we had done above, we utilized generalized linear models with brain weight or cerebellar volume as a covariate to determine if tissue volume contributed to the observed association between lobule X PC density and direct eye gaze. Both of these covariables were found to substantially reduce the significance of the association (p = 0.072 for brain weight and p = 0.171 for cerebellar volume). Therefore, tissue volume represents a significant component of the observed association between lobule X PC density and the social and communicative use of direct gaze.\n\nAnalyses of Clinical Covariables and Potential Confounding Factors\n\nPotential confounding factors and clinically relevant covariables such as cerebellar hemisphere, PMI, postmortem fixation time, epilepsy, MR, developmental regression, lack of verbal development, delayed attainment of motor milestones, and complications during pregnancy were tested to determine their effects on PC density in crus I & II or lobule X, and none were found to have a significant effect. Similarly, none of these factors were found to impact the association between lobule X PC density and direct gaze.\n\n\nCase Demographics\n\nCerebellar pathology was first proposed as a potential contributor to autism symptomatology in 1968 [40], and the first qualitative report of lower PC density was published in 1980 [10]. To date, PC density assessments have been reported from 45 cerebella of individuals with autism, 30 of which demonstrated a lower PC density, most prominently reported in the posterolateral hemispheres where crus I & II are located [3][10], [25], [26]. Apart from the most recent studies, these reports have been criticized as being semi-quantitative at best, and the sample selection has not been representative of the demographics of the overall autism population as currently defined. For example, 87.5% of cases analyzed in prior reports (for which data is available) exhibited MR compared with the recently reported 41% in the autism population [27], and 57.9% of these cases exhibited epilepsy compared with the recent estimate of 38% in the autism population [28]. Furthermore, only 6 cases were females, despite the estimated 4.5∶1 male-to-female ratio of autism's prevalence [27]. This has prevented gender-based comparisons of autism neuropathology in the past. For this study, we included 3 female cases with autism and 3 female controls as a preliminary assessment of the effect of gender on PC density in autism. It is difficult to rule out the contribution of factors such as epilepsy or MR to lower PC density based on the data from prior neuropathological investigations of autism. The current study was thus designed with a sample population more representative of the overall autism population, with 38% of samples obtained from subjects with MR ranging from mild to severe, and 38% of samples having documented epilepsy.\n\nStereological Estimation of Purkinje Cell Density\n\nThe determination of PC density in the cerebellum is challenging, primarily due to complications in defining the anatomical boundaries of the PC layer and selecting a reference volume. A traditional approach has been to quantify PC density by drawing a line through the PC layer and counting the number of PC per unit length. Past studies using this approach have shown markedly variable density estimates in healthy controls from as little as 1.6 PC/mm to as many as 11 PC/mm [41][49]. An inherent problem in placement of this line within the PC layer is the large number of subjective determinations. Factors contributing to this subjectivity include: the variable horizontal position of the PCs within this layer, the markedly convoluted folding of the layer through which the stereologist must draw a curved line, the difficulty in determining the layer's anatomical boundaries at sites where the PCs are sparse or absent, and the changing width of the layer as viewed on obliquely cut sections (Fig. 6, 7). These considerations, along with the very narrow width of the human PC layer (1 to 2% of the width of a cerebellar folium), create problems for the accurate measurement of the PC layer volume and thus for its use as a reference volume to measure the density of PCs.\n\nFigure 6. Models of PC Arrangement.\n\nThese figures represent the importance of estimating PC density in 3-dimensional space rather than along a 1-dimensional line (PC/mm3 rather than PC/mm). 7a and 7b display two views of a 3-dimensional model of a cerebellar folium, in which PCs (black) are arranged in a monolayer apposed to the granule cell layer (blue) that surrounds a central white matter tract (white). 7b displays two slices, one perfectly parallel to a plane of PCs, and the other, more realistically, transverse to this plane. 7c and 7d are cartoons demonstrating the PC arrangement within the parallel and transverse slice, respectively. Notice in 7d the PC layer is thicker, the degree to which depends on the slice position. Also notice that the selection of which PCs lie perfectly along a line is ambiguous (a few examples have been circled in red). This ambiguity introduces human error when performing an estimate of PC/mm that is eliminated in 3-dimensional estimates of PC/mm3 as are utilized in this study.\n\nFigure 7. Photomicrograph of Transverse Section.\n\nThis photomicrograph is an illustrative example of the arrangement of PCs on a transverse section. The PCs (purple) go out of focus to the left as the PC layer curves through the depth of the tissue section. The granule cell layer (blue) is visible below the PC layer, the molecular layer surrounds the PC layer (seen here as sparsely stained space), and the white matter tract is out of view to the right. Nissl-stained section from the celloidin collection used in this study, reference bar = 100 µm.\n\nIn order to obviate these issues and provide a more reliable estimate of PC density, we sampled from the entirety of each region of interest, within clear anatomical boundaries, and thus included the subcortical white matter of each region. With this strategy we were able to eliminate over 50% of the variability in our PC density estimates (compare to Whitney et el. [9]). Further, our measurements of PC/mm3 closely agree with recently published estimates obtained using a novel stereological probe designed to better assess the density of objects like PCs that are distributed within a limited and convoluted portion of the region of interest [50].\n\nNeuronal density is an important morphometric measure in neuropathology, despite the inherent variability that occurs as a consequence of differential tissue shrinkage in each case. In this study, tissue shrinkage resulting from tissue processing varied only marginally from 44% to 52% according to the pathologists' reports and did not differ between groups. An alternative stereological strategy is to quantify total neuronal number using the Optical Fractionator probe, but this requires 100% of the assayed region to be pristinely represented in the sampled slides [34]. Neuronal density measures are distinct from estimates of total number however, in that they reflect the spacing of neuronal somas and neuropil in a tissue, a property that has a number of physiological implications [51], [52].\n\nImplications of Cerebellar Neuropathology in Autism\n\nThe results of the present investigation corroborate prior reports of lower PC density in autism, and using a more precise and thorough method of quantification, demonstrate that lower PC density is most prominent in crus I and II, which constitute lobule VIIa of the posterior lobe. Lobule VIIa is intimately involved with numerous neocortical areas and has been directly implicated in non-motor functions in humans. In a report of 156 patients with cerebellar damage, 100% of patients with crus I lesions presented with attention impairments, and 100% of patients with crus II lesions presented with impairments in visuospatial memory and verbal memory (with some overlap between the two regions' functions) [53]. Further, a recent fMRI study demonstrated involvement of lobule VII in auditory working memory in nonhuman primates [54]. Anatomical and comparative anatomical studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between lobule VII and the cerebral cortex. Comparative studies highlight a relationship between the volume of the prefrontal cortex and that of lobule VII, with a pronounced elaboration of VIIa in human evolution in concert with frontal cortical expansion [55]. Lobule VIIa is reciprocally connected with the prefrontal cortex, an executive function/working memory area, as well as the posterior parietal cortex, a multimodal processing area [12], [56], [57]. Recent studies employing resting state fMRI have further demonstrated functional connectivity between lobule VIIa and these cortical areas [58], [59]. These prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices comprise a Frontoparietal Attention Network (FAN), which is postulated to play an important role in processing the salience of environmental cues [60]. The prefrontal cortex is involved in a variety of working memory and executive functions that have shown impairment in individuals with autism [61][65]. Further, it is important to note that in normal brain development, lobule VII displays unique features that distinguish it from other cerebellar lobules [66][69]. An example of the distinct developmental trajectory of lobule VII neurons was demonstrated in a mouse model of immune activation at mid-gestation, in which a specific reduction in PC density in lobule VII was observed but neighboring regions were unaffected [70].\n\nWe have also identified a potential sexually dimorphic effect within lobule X. Lobule X has been associated with vestibular regulation as well as coordination of gaze [13][18]. The lobule X PC density was found to be lower in males with autism as a result of increased tissue volume (Fig. 3). Furthermore, this effect appeared to correlate with the ability to properly employ social and communicative use of eye gaze, as assessed by the ADI-R (Fig. 5). This correlation between lobule X PC density and social eye gaze failed to reach the cutoff for significance imposed by false discovery rate analysis, but in light of the role of lobule X in modulating eye movement, the association is plausible [20]. These preliminary findings will require further investigation as this is the first report of the association between lobule X PC density and the social employment of eye contact. Further, we recommend that future investigations analyze the flocculus and nodulus within lobule X separately, as these regions have functional distinctions [71] and may display different pathologies.\n\nThe mechanism of the alterations in PC density noted in this study remains unexplained. As the cerebellum develops in close coordination with many other networks within the central nervous system [72][76], it is possible that altered PC density represents a compensatory mechanism or downstream effect of an earlier developmental pathology. In the present study, the degree to which PC density diminished with age did not differ between the autism and control groups over the age span studied (from 4 to 56 years). This lack of a notable age-related decline in PC density in the autism cases argues against a lifelong progressive loss of PCs in this disorder. The initial neuropathological studies from members of our group predicted that the decreased density of PCs observed in the cerebella of autistic individuals may be due to the loss of these neurons during the late prenatal period [5]. This prediction was based on the observation that the inferior olivary neurons in the brain stem of individuals with autism are preserved despite reduced PC densities. The intimate relationship between inferior olivary neurons and PCs is established in late gestation, and the loss of PCs in term and older aged infants is typically associated with inferior olivary degeneration. In a follow-up investigation, Whitney et al. noted in the autistic brain that there was a preservation of basket and stellate cells in areas with decreased PCs, which indicates that the PCs in these regions established their usual relationship with these interneurons in late gestation and were subsequently lost [77].\n\nComments, Limitations, and Future Directions\n\nNeuronal density can be affected by both changes in tissue volume as well as neuronal number. Therefore, we have demonstrated that the contribution of tissue volume to a subset of our findings is indeed significant.\n\nOur study was limited by a small sample size, but each case was systematically analyzed using precise methods that allowed for the identification of consistent and potentially behaviorally relevant alterations in regional PC density in autism. Fewer female cases than would be ideal in making gender comparisons were available and thus these comparisons should be viewed as strictly preliminary. Additionally, the age range of the study was not as wide as in prior studies that identified an age-related decline in PC density. Therefore, future analyses in older patients may demonstrate a different trajectory of age-related PC decline in the autism population. Furthermore, due to the age range of our study, it was not possible to assess the early developmental processes that are believed to be crucial in understanding autism development but that occur prior to the age at which autism can be diagnosed. For a better understanding of early development, we may need to rely on animal models, as well as further advancements in in utero longitudinal bioimaging techniques and efforts to identify clinically relevant prenatal biomarkers [78], [79]. To better understand the relationship between neuropathology and behavioral symptomatology in autism, it will be necessary to obtain more detailed qualitative as well as quantitative behavioral measures from tissue donors.\n\nCurrent investigations are underway to determine biochemical differences in crus I and II that distinguish these regions from other cerebellar regions in an attempt to better characterize the pathophysiology of autism.\n\n\nWe gratefully acknowledge the tissue contributions made by families to the Autism Speaks' Autism Tissue Program (ATP), which provided the material for this study.\n\nAuthor Contributions\n\nConceived and designed the experiments: MLB JS TLK. Performed the experiments: JS TY KE CC EL KW JH. Analyzed the data: JS TLK MLB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MLB TLK. Wrote the paper: JS TLK MLB.\n\n\n  1. 1. American Psychiatric Assotiation (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV. 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Pakan JMP, Graham DJ, Wylie DR (2010) Organization of visual mossy fiber projections and zebrin expression in the pigeon vestibulocerebellum. The Journal of Comparative Neurology 518: 175–198.\n  17. 17. Schmahmann JD (1996) From movement to thought: anatomic substrates of the cerebellar contribution to cognitive processing. Human Brain Mapping 4: 174–198.\n  18. 18. Straka H, Beck JC, Pastor AM, Baker R (2006) Morphology and physiology of the cerebellar vestibulolateral lobe pathways linked to oculomotor function in the goldfish. Journal of Neurophysiology 96: 1963–1980.\n  19. 19. Bauman ML, Kemper TL (2005) Neuroanatomic observations of the brain in autism: a review and future directions. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience 23: 183–187.\n  20. 20. Wegiel J, Kuchna I, Nowicki K, Imaki H, Wegiel J, et al. (2013) Contribution of olivofloccular circuitry developmental defects to atypical gaze in autism. Brain Res 1512: 106–122.\n  21. 21. Wegiel J, Kuchna I, Nowicki K, Imaki H, Wegiel J, et al. (2010) The neuropathology of autism: defects of neurogenesis and neuronal migration, and dysplastic changes. Acta Neuropathologica 119: 755–770.\n  22. 22. Andersen BB, Gundersen HJG, Pakkenberg B (2003) Aging of the human cerebellum: a stereological study. The Journal of Comparative Neurology 466: 356–365.\n  23. 23. Itō M (2012) Cerebellum the brain for an implicit self. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : FT Press.\n  24. 24. Stoodley CJ, Valera EM, Schmahmann JD (2012) Functional topography of the cerebellum for motor and cognitive tasks: An fMRI study. NeuroImage 59: 1560–1570.\n  25. 25. Fatemi SH, Halt AR, Realmuto G, Earle J, Kist DA, et al. (2002) Purkinje cell size is reduced in cerebellum of patients with autism. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 22: 171–175.\n  26. 26. Guerin P, Lyon G, Barthelemy C, Sostak E, Chevrollier V, et al. (1996) Neuropathological study of a case of autistic syndrome with severe mental retardation. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 38: 203–211.\n  27. 27. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009) Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, United States, 2006. MMWR Surveillance Summaries: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Surveillance Summaries/CDC 58: 1–20.\n  28. 28. Danielsson S, Gillberg IC, Billstedt E, Gillberg C, Olsson I (2005) Epilepsy in young adults with autism: a prospective population-based follow-up study of 120 individuals diagnosed in childhood. Epilepsia 46: 918–923.\n  30. 30. Dekaban AS (1978) Changes in brain weights during the span of human life: relation of brain weights to body heights and body weights. Annals of Neurology 4: 345–356.\n  31. 31. Heinsen H, Arzberger T, Schmitz C (2000) Celloidin mounting (embedding without infiltration) - a new, simple and reliable method for producing serial sections of high thickness through complete human brains and its application to stereological and immunohistochemical investigations. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 20: 49–59.\n  32. 32. Angevine J, Mancall E, Yakovlev P (1961) The human cerebellum: An atlas of gross topography in serial sections. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.\n  33. 33. Schmahmann JD (2000) MRI atlas of the human cerebellum. San Diego: Academic Press.\n  34. 34. Gundersen HJ, Bagger P, Bendtsen TF, Evans SM, Korbo L, et al. (1988) The new stereological tools: disector, fractionator, nucleator and point sampled intercepts and their use in pathological research and diagnosis. APMIS: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica 96: 857–881.\n  35. 35. Gundersen HJ, Jensen EB, Kieu K, Nielsen J (1999) The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology–reconsidered. J Microsc 193: 199–211.\n  36. 36. Mouton PR (2002) Principles and practices of unbiased stereology : an introduction for bioscientists. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. x, 214 p. p.\n  37. 37. Curran-Everett D (2000) Multiple comparisons: philosophies and illustrations. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 279: R1–8.\n  38. 38. Wall DP, Kosmicki J, DeLuca TF, Harstad E, Fusaro VA (2012) Use of machine learning to shorten observation-based screening and diagnosis of autism. Translational Psychiatry 2: e100–e100.\n  39. 39. Witelson SF, Beresh H, Kigar DL (2006) Intelligence and brain size in 100 postmortem brains: sex, lateralization and age factors. Brain 129: 386–398.\n  40. 40. Ornitz EM, Ritvo ER (1968) Neurophysiologic mechanisms underlying perceptual inconstancy in autistic and schizophrenic children. Archives of General Psychiatry 19: 22–27.\n  41. 41. Fukutani Y, Cairns NJ, Rossor MN, Lantos PL (1996) Purkinje cell loss and astrocytosis in the cerebellum in familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience Letters 214: 33–36.\n  42. 42. Karhunen PJ, Erkinjuntti T, Laippala P (1994) Moderate alcohol consumption and loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed) 308: 1663–1667.\n  43. 43. Kume A, Takahashi A, Hashizume Y, Asai J (1991) A histometrical and comparative study on Purkinje cell loss and olivary nucleus cell loss in multiple system atrophy. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 101: 178–186.\n  44. 44. Lohr JB, Jeste DV (1986) Cerebellar pathology in schizophrenia? A neuronometric study. Biological Psychiatry 21: 865–875.\n  45. 45. Matsumoto R, Nakano I, Arai N, Oda M, Yagishita S, et al. (1998) Loss of the dentate nucleus neurons is associated with torpedo formation: a morphometric study in progressive supranuclear palsy and dentatorubro-pallidoluysian atrophy. Acta Neuropathologica 95: 149–153.\n  46. 46. Phillips SC, Harper CG, Kril J (1987) A quantitative histological study of the cerebellar vermis in alcoholic patients. Brain: A Journal of Neurology 110(Pt 2): 301–314.\n  47. 47. Sjöbeck M, Englund E (2001) Alzheimer's disease and the cerebellum: a morphologic study on neuronal and glial changes. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 12: 211–218.\n  48. 48. Torvik A, Torp S, Lindboe CF (1986) Atrophy of the cerebellar vermis in ageing. A morphometric and histologic study. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 76: 283–294.\n  49. 49. Wegiel J, Wisniewski HM, Dziewiatkowski J, Badmajew E, Tarnawski M, et al. (1999) Cerebellar atrophy in Alzheimer's disease-clinicopathological correlations. Brain Research 818: 41–50.\n  50. 50. Agashiwala RM, Louis ED, Hof PR, Perl DP (2008) A novel approach to non-biased systematic random sampling: a stereologic estimate of Purkinje cells in the human cerebellum. Brain Research 1236: 73–78.\n  51. 51. Cullen DK, Gilroy ME, Irons HR, Laplaca MC (2010) Synapse-to-neuron ratio is inversely related to neuronal density in mature neuronal cultures. Brain Research 1359: 44–55.\n  52. 52. Ivenshitz M, Segal M (2010) Neuronal Density Determines Network Connectivity and Spontaneous Activity in Cultured Hippocampus. Journal of Neurophysiology 104: 1052–1060.\n  53. 53. Tedesco AM, Chiricozzi FR, Clausi S, Lupo M, Molinari M, et al. (2011) The cerebellar cognitive profile. Brain: A Journal of Neurology 134: 3669–3683.\n  54. 54. Hayter AL, Langdon DW, Ramnani N (2007) Cerebellar contributions to working memory. NeuroImage 36: 943–954.\n  55. 55. Balsters JH, Cussans E, Diedrichsen J, Phillips KA, Preuss TM, et al. (2010) Evolution of the cerebellar cortex: The selective expansion of prefrontal-projecting cerebellar lobules. NeuroImage 49: 2045–2052.\n  56. 56. Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN (1997) The cerebrocerebellar system. International Review of Neurobiology 41: 31–60.\n  57. 57. Xiong G, Hiramatsu T, Nagao S (2002) Corticopontocerebellar pathway from the prearcuate region to hemispheric lobule VII of the cerebellum: an anterograde and retrograde tracing study in the monkey. Neuroscience Letters 322: 173–176.\n  58. 58. Habas C, Kamdar N, Nguyen D, Prater K, Beckmann CF, et al. (2009) Distinct Cerebellar Contributions to Intrinsic Connectivity Networks. The Journal of Neuroscience 29: 8586–8594.\n  59. 59. O'Reilly JX, Beckmann CF, Tomassini V, Ramnani N, Johansen-Berg H (2010) Distinct and overlapping functional zones in the cerebellum defined by resting state functional connectivity. Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY: 1991) 20: 953–965.\n  60. 60. Ptak R (2011) The Frontoparietal Attention Network of the Human Brain: Action, Saliency, and a Priority Map of the Environment. The Neuroscientist: A Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry.\n  61. 61. Christ SE, Kester LE, Bodner KE, Miles JH (2011) Evidence for selective inhibitory impairment in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychology 25: 690–701.\n  62. 62. Holdnack J, Goldstein G, Drozdick L (2011) Social perception and WAIS-IV Performance in adolescents and adults diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome and Autism. Assessment 18: 192–200.\n  63. 63. Poirier M, Martin JS, Gaigg SB, Bowler DM (2011) Short-term memory in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 120: 247–252.\n  64. 64. Taylor MJ, Donner EJ, Pang EW (2012) fMRI and MEG in the study of typical and atypical cognitive development. Neurophysiologie Clinique = Clinical Neurophysiology 42: 19–25.\n  65. 65. Yerys BE, Wallace GL, Jankowski KF, Bollich A, Kenworthy L (2011) Impaired Consonant Trigrams Test (CTT) performance relates to everyday working memory difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorders. Child Neuropsychology: A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence 17: 391–399.\n  66. 66. Altman J, Bayer SA (1996) Development of the Cerebellar System: In Relation to Its Evolution, Structure, and Functions. Boca Raton, FL: CRC-Press.\n  67. 67. Ozol K, Hayden JM, Oberdick J, Hawkes R (1999) Transverse zones in the vermis of the mouse cerebellum. The Journal of Comparative Neurology 412: 95–111.\n  68. 68. Rogers JH, Ciossek T, Menzel P, Pasquale EB (1999) Eph receptors and ephrins demarcate cerebellar lobules before and during their formation. Mechanisms of Development 87: 119–128.\n  69. 69. Vastagh C, Víg J, Hámori J, Takács J (2005) Delayed postnatal settlement of cerebellar Purkinje cells in vermal lobules VI and VII of the mouse. Anatomy and Embryology 209: 471–484.\n  70. 70. Shi L, Smith SEP, Malkova N, Tse D, Su Y, et al. (2009) Activation of the maternal immune system alters cerebellar development in the offspring. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 23: 116–123.\n  71. 71. Pakan JM, Graham DJ, Iwaniuk AN, Wylie DR (2008) Differential projections from the vestibular nuclei to the flocculus and uvula-nodulus in pigeons (Columba livia). J Comp Neurol 508: 402–417.\n  72. 72. Araujo E, Pires CR, Nardozza LMM, Filho HAG, Moron AF (2007) Correlation of the fetal cerebellar volume with other fetal growth indices by three-dimensional ultrasound. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 20: 581–587.\n  73. 73. Herculano-Houzel S (2010) Coordinated scaling of cortical and cerebellar numbers of neurons. Frontiers in Neuroanatomy 4: 12–12.\n  74. 74. Larsell O, Von Berthelsdorf S (1941) The ansoparamedian lobule of the cerebellum and its correlation with the limb-muscle masses. The Journal of Comparative Neurology 75: 315–340.\n  75. 75. Limperopoulos C, Soul JS, Gauvreau K, Huppi PS, Warfield SK, et al. (2005) Late Gestation Cerebellar Growth Is Rapid and Impeded by Premature Birth. Pediatrics 115: 688–695.\n  76. 76. Rubia K, Smith AB, Taylor E, Brammer M (2007) Linear age-correlated functional development of right inferior fronto-striato-cerebellar networks during response inhibition and anterior cingulate during error-related processes. Human Brain Mapping 28: 1163–1177.\n  77. 77. Whitney ER, Kemper TL, Rosene DL, Bauman ML, Blatt GJ (2009) Density of cerebellar basket and stellate cells in autism: evidence for a late developmental loss of Purkinje cells. Journal of Neuroscience Research 87: 2245–2254.\n  78. 78. Saksena S, Husain N, Das V, Pradhan M, Trivedi R, et al. (2008) Diffusion tensor imaging in the developing human cerebellum with histologic correlation. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 26: 705–711.\n  79. 79. Van Kooij BJM, Benders MJNL, Anbeek P, Van Haastert IC, De Vries LS, et al. (2011) Cerebellar volume and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at term, and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age in preterm infants. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology\n  80. 80. Larsell O (1958) Lobules of the mammalian and human cerebellum. Anatomical Record 130: 329–330.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6770827770233154}
+{"content": "Demand the NYPD stop the surveillance and political suppression of Revolution Club and Refuse Fascism activists!\nDemand the DA drop these outrageous charges immediately\n\nMarch 21, 2017 | Revolution Newspaper |\n\n\nThere is a pattern of NYPD stalking and surveilling political speech coming to light— from the moment Refuse Fascism first published a full page ad in the New York Times individuals have been targeted for political and legal persecution for spreading the urgently needed political message, “NO! In The Name Of Humanity, We REFUSE To Accept a Fascist America!”\n\nOn January 4, the day that Refuse Fascism printed a full-page ad in the New York Times, Refuse Fascism activists including several Revolution Club members went outside Fox News headquarters in New York City with a five-foot tall enlargement of the New York Times ad. As they were marching down the sidewalk towards the subway they were followed by NYPD vans, flashing their lights, and an entourage of around 8-12 NYPD officers. These stalkers followed them throughout the city, and all the way 35+ blocks downtown to a Refuse Fascism meeting happening in Greenwich Village, making sure to switch to cops from a different precinct as they got closer downtown and entered that precinct’s jurisdiction on the way to the meeting.\n\nOn January 12, New York police [from the 6th precinct] stalked, arrested, and brutalized a young person associated with Refuse Fascism and the Revolution Club. She and a friend were walking through Greenwich Village, on their way to a publicly announced Refuse Fascism event. She was carrying Refuse Fascism posters tucked under her arm. When her friend went into a store to pick up some food, a woman walking behind her read her sign aloud: “Stop Trump/Pence.” Seconds later, this woman—an NYPD cop in plainclothes—and two other cops, also not in full police uniform, grabbed the young woman and began manhandling her. Several police cars arrived, and the assembled NYPD force pushed her up against a car, and shoved her face against the trunk. The police subjected this woman to hours of abuse—political, physical, sexual, and psychological. And in addition to this she has been charged with three misdemeanors facing up to a year in jail. To read the fuller account, go to \n\nOn February 4, 2017, as the \"LGBT Solidarity Rally\" at the historic Stonewall Inn was drawing to a close, four people, revolutionaries with the NYC Revolution Club, and volunteers with Refuse Fascism, were brutally attacked and arrested by the NYPD. They are being charged with seven misdemeanor crimes carrying up to a year’s sentence on Rikers Island.\n\nNew York City, Stonewall Inn. Members of the LGBT community and many others rally to stand with immigrants. (Photo: Twitter/@Samynemir)\n\nIn a statement Noche Diaz and the other defendants said, “We were at Stonewall to stand with people against the first iteration of the inhumane \"Muslim Ban. We challenged and connected people with the need to confront the fascist nature and direction of this regime, and that protest alone would not be enough; we need to build a movement and drive the regime from power, and do so not just for ourselves, but in the name of humanity. We were attacked for bringing out this message. We have previously been stalked and arrested by the authorities, followed, and harassed by police and Trump fanatics.”\n\nThe stakes of these cases are very high—a key part of fascism is the trampling on and tearing up of civil and legal rights, and there are moves across the country to further criminalize protest, to erode and eliminate the room to even oppose the moves by the regime against the people and the planet. [Read more]\n\nShould the NYPD be able to get away with stalking, harassing and arresting those people who are putting before society the horrors facing humanity with the installation and consolidation of the fascist Trump/Pence regime? NO! THIS CANNOT STAND!\n\nShould the message of Refuse Fascism—the necessity to drive out this fascist regime—be politically and legally suppressed? NO! THIS CANNOT STAND!\n\nShould those people who recognize the horrific consequences for humanity and the planet and are acting to bring this to millions more be surveilled, targeted, brutalized and thrown into prison? NO! THIS CANNOT STAND!\n\nShould the message of those revolutionaries who while doing this sharply put before people the real history of this country, the nature of the system and how things could be radically different, be silenced and suppressed? NO! THIS CANNOT STAND! \n\nThis struggle against repression is an important part of the overall struggle to drive out the Trump/Pence regime and YOU are needed.\n\nWe are calling on all people of conscience to express their outrage at the illegitimate suppression of political speech, to demand that these charges be dropped, and the surveillance, in particular by the 6th precinct, of Refuse Fascism and the Revolution Club members be STOPPED.\n\n\nVolunteers Needed... for and Revolution\n\nSend us your comments.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6467468738555908}
+{"content": "Código de Conduta Universal / Consultas 2021\n\nFrom Meta, a Wikimedia project coordination wiki\nJump to navigation Jump to search\nThis page is a translated version of the page Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations and the translation is 53% complete.\nUniversal Code of Conduct\nThis page describes a consultation that began in April 2021 about the application of the Universal Code of Conduct. It was held on individual projects and summarized centrally. For questions or comments, please use the talk page in any language.\n\nGlobe icon-white.svg View or translate summary report Community Noun project 2280 white.svg Add and see local discussions below! Community Noun project 2280 white.svg Participar (Meta-Wiki)\n\nThe Wikimedia Foundation is seeking input from the global communities about the application of the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC). This comment period is planned to last from 5 April to 5 May 2021.\n\nThe goal of these consultations is to help outline clear enforcement pathways for a drafting committee to design proposals for a comprehensive community review later this year. The proposals may integrate with existing processes or additional pathways that may be suggested. These consultations will complement the feedback already gathered throughout the UCoC project. For more information about the UCoC project, see the Universal Code of Conduct overview.\n\nBroad global participatory input is needed in these consultations so the Universal Code of Conduct and its application makes sense for the many Wikimedia communities.\n\nPropósito da consulta\n\nEvery Wikimedia community has different needs and structures. During this consultation, feedback from individual communities about those needs and structures will be gathered and organized to support the work of the Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 drafting committee. The task of this committee is to outline clear enforcement pathways and create proposals for a comprehensive community review later this year.\n\nFeedback from Wikimedia communities has been gathered throughout the UCoC project. Phase 2 of the UCoC project began in February 2021 with targeted outreach to certain Wikimedia communities. For example, local language consultations asked for input from 11 targeted communities. Affiliate consultations are ongoing, and a consultation of Wikimedia Functionaries is planned for 10–11 April.\n\nThis consultation aims to collect feedback on Phase 2 of the UCoC project from all Wikimedia communities, especially those that have not yet provided feedback on Phase 2 of the project. The goal of these consultations is to help outline clear enforcement pathways for a drafting committee to design proposals for a comprehensive community review later this year. If you have already submitted feedback, feel free to continue the conversation, but do not feel it necessary to repeat again if you have already submitted the feedback in other Phase 2 conversations.\n\nIn response to feedback, enforcement pathways could harmonize with existing practice or help support new pathways for resolution. We are hoping to hear from experienced users, as well as users new to the project who are not as familiar with how to resolve conflicts or report issues, and also from users familiar with how other global platforms approach these challenges. We want to support good conversations where everyone can share perspectives and learn from others.\n\nEstrutura da consulta\n\nGlobal conversations are being organized on many Wikimedia projects in multiple languages. Individual communities are invited to open a discussion in that project's language or context. Each community should ask a trusted user or group of users to submit a representative impartial summary, in English if possible. If a community has no English translator available, the summary can be submitted in any language and the project team will make efforts to obtain translation.\n\nYou can choose your preferred language and way of participation. A team of facilitators is watching multiple channels and organizing feedback from various communities and groups. Participants can discuss at any of the discussions already started on individual projects, at Meta, or by starting discussions on projects using the questions provided. Facilitators are available to help with the organization process.\n\nTópicos de discussão\n\nO conteúdo nesta secção foi transcrito da subpágina da Discussão.\n\nCommunity Support\n\n  1. How can the effectiveness of anti-harassment efforts be measured?\n  2. What actions can be taken and what structures should be available to support those being targeted by harassment and those that respond to conduct issues?\n  3. What formal or informal support networks are available for contributors? What is necessary for these groups to function well, and what challenges are there to overcome?\n  4. What additional opportunities are there to deliver effective support for contributors? What would be useful in supporting communities, contributors, targets of harassment, and responders?\n\nReporting Pathways\n\n  1. How can reporting pathways be improved for targets of harassment? What types of changes would make it more or less challenging for users to submit appropriate reports?\n  2. What is the best way to ensure safe and proper handling of incidents involving i) vulnerable people; ii) serious harassment; or iii) threats of violence?\n  3. In your experience, what are effective ways to respond to those who engage in behaviours that may be considered harassment?\n  4. In what ways should reporting pathways provide for mediation, reform, or guidance about acceptable behaviours?\n\nManaging Reports\n\n  1. Making reporting easier will likely increase the number of reports: in what ways can the management of reports be improved?\n  2. What type of additional resources would be helpful in identifying and addressing harassment and other conduct issues?\n  3. Are there human, technical, training, or knowledge-based resources the Foundation could provide to assist volunteers in this area?\n  4. How should incidents be dealt with that take place beyond the Wikimedia projects but are related to them, such as in-person or online meetings?\n\nHandling Reports\n\n  1. In what ways should reports be handled to increase confidence from affected users that issues will be addressed responsibly and appropriately?\n  2. What appeal process should be in place if participants want to request a review of actions taken or not taken?\n  3. When private reporting options are used, how should the duty to protect the privacy and sense of safety of reporters be balanced with the need for transparency and accountability?\n  4. What privacy controls should be in place for data tracking in a reporting system used to log cross-wiki or persistent abusers?\n\nGlobal Questions\n\n  1. How should issues be handled where there is no adequate local body to respond, for example, allegations against administrators or functionary groups?\n  2. In the past, the global movement has identified projects that are struggling with neutrality and conduct issues: in what ways could a safe and fair review be conducted in these situations?\n  3. How would a global dispute resolution body work with your community?\n\n\nOngoing conversations are listed below. If there is no discussion started yet for your community, you can create one by copying questions from Discussion subpage to a page on a local project. Please note the text may require translation. Once ready, invite users to participate and include a link to the page below. For assistance, post to the talk page in any language.\n\nAfter starting a discussion on a local project, add the discussion below:\n\nCommunity Noun project 2280 white.svg Ver ou Traduzir o Texto da Discussão Community Noun project 2280 white.svg Copiar Texto da Discussão (English) Community Noun project 2280 white.svg Adicionar Discussão Local\n\nDiscussões abertas\nNome do projeto Hiperligação da discussão local Notas\nGlobal / Meta-Wiki m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations/Discussion publicar na página de discussão em qualquer idioma\nWikinotícias em russo n:ru:Викиновости:Форум/Общий#Консультации по Универсальному кодексу поведения\nWikipédia em inglês w:en:Wikipedia:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultation\nWikipédia em russo w:ru:Википедия:Опросы/Консультация по правоприменению Универсального кодекса поведения (2021)\nWikipédia em chinês w:zh:Wikipedia:互助客栈/消息#通用行为准则/2021咨询\nWikipédia em português pt:Wikipédia:Esplanada/geral/Código Universal de Conduta (6mai2021)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9985878467559814}
+{"content": "Who started the Qin Dynasty in China?\n\nWho started the Qin Dynasty in China?\n\nQin Shi Huang\n\nWho was the first true emperor of China?\n\nQin Shi Huang\n\nWhat did the first Emperor of Qin accomplish?\n\nThe main achievement of the Qin is the fact that it unified China, creating the first dynasty ruled by the first emperor Qin Shi Huang. Other well-known achievements is the creation of the Great Wall and a large army of Terracotta Warriors.\n\nWhen did Qin become emperor?\n\nQin Shi Huang (around 259 BCE–September 10, 210 BCE) was the First Emperor of a unified China and founder of the Qin dynasty, who ruled from 246 BCE to 210 BCE. In his 35-year reign, he caused both rapid cultural and intellectual advancement and much destruction and oppression within China.\n\nWhy did Shi Huangdi improve China?\n\nShi Huangdi defeated the warlords of the warring states and put into place legalism which put china in order. After the wars he made a national sanction that all the states use the same measurement, weight, and writing system to further unify china.\n\nWhat did Shi Huangdi do for China?\n\nQin Shi Huangdi, the first Qin Emperor, was a brutal ruler who unified ancient China and laid the foundation for the Great Wall. China already had a long history by the time its states were unified under its first emperor. Settlements in the Yellow and Yangtze River Valleys had grown into an agricultural civilization.\n\nWhy did Emperor Shi Huangdi become unpopular?\n\nHe burned books, buried scholars alive, and completed massive building projects that killed many workers. He refused the advice of his advisors and continued China's expansion policies, creating a lot of debt.\n\nWhat does Emperor Qin mean?\n\nShi Huangdi (l. ... Shi Huangdi means `First Emperor' and is a title, not a proper name. The Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) he founded (pronounced `Chin') gave its name to China and it was he who first initiated the building of the Great Wall and construction of the Grand Canal.\n\nWhat was the capital city of the Qin Dynasty?\n\n\nWhat's the oldest city in the USA?\n\nSt. Augustine", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9990850687026978}
+{"content": "Is it OK to flush a miscarriage?\n\nWhat should I do with my miscarried fetus?\n\nThe provider may dispose of the miscarried fetus by burial or cremation. You can ask your healthcare provider if you want to know the specific method for disposition. Know that Intermountain will honor your wishes. Read further to learn about other decisions you may need to make after your pregnancy ends.\n\nCan a miscarriage come out in the toilet?\n\nSome women miscarry while on the toilet. This can also happen if you are out and about, or in hospital. There is no right or wrong way to handle this.\n\nHow long does it take to flush out a miscarriage?\n\n\nHow do you know a miscarriage is over?\n\nIf you have a miscarriage in your first trimester, you may choose to wait 7 to 14 days after a miscarriage for the tissue to pass out naturally. This is called expectant management. If the pain and bleeding have lessened or stopped completely during this time, this usually means the miscarriage has finished.\n\nIT IS SURPRISING:  Which is the first vaccine given to a newborn baby?\n\nWhat is the tissue you pass during a miscarriage?\n\nYou may pass a blood clot or several clots from your vagina, and there may be some white or grey tissue in the clots. The bleeding will settle down in a few days, although it can take up to 2 weeks.\n\nIs it possible to miscarry and still be pregnant?\n\nAccording to the American Pregnancy Association, as many as one quarter of all recognized pregnancies end in miscarriage. If you are pregnant with twins or higher older multiples, it’s possible to miscarry just one baby and remain pregnant with the others.\n\nShould I go to the hospital if I think I’m having a miscarriage?\n\nBut if you think you’re having a miscarriage, visit your doctor, your local Planned Parenthood health center, or a hospital right away to be safe. If it’s a miscarriage, your symptoms may end quickly or last for several hours. The cramps are really strong for some people, and really light for others.\n\nHow long after the fetus dies will I miscarry?\n\n\nWhat week is the highest risk of miscarriage?\n\n\nIT IS SURPRISING:  Can Baby Annabell go in water?\n\n\n\nDoes 6 week miscarriage need D&C?\n\nAccording to the American Pregnancy Association, women can safely miscarry on their own up until 10 weeks, but a D&C may be recommended for women who miscarry later than 10-12 weeks 1.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9946871399879456}
+{"content": "Question: Do Newborns sleep all day?\n\nCan my newborn sleep too much?\n\nYes, a baby can sleep too much, whether she’s a newborn or an older baby. But in general, a newborn who sleeps all day is more of a potential concern than an older baby who’s sleeping too much, which typically only happens when she’s sick or has had an extra busy day.\n\nHow many hours a day should a newborn be awake?\n\nHow Much do Newborns Sleep?\n\nAge Total Hours of Sleep (24-hr period) Awake Time Between Sleeps\n0-6 Weeks 15-18 hours 30 minutes – 1.5 hours\n6-15 Weeks 14-16 hours 1-2 hours\n4-6 Months 12-15 hours 1.5-2.5 hours\n6-8 Months 12-15 hours 2-3 hours\n\nHow much should a 1 week old sleep?\n\n\nIT IS SURPRISING:  You asked: How do you correct the age of a premature baby?\n\nShould I let my newborn sleep all day?\n\n\nWhy is my newborn sleeping so much today?\n\nSome of the most common reasons that healthy babies sleep for longer than usual include the following: They may experience a growth spurt or developmental leap. They may have a minor illness, such as a cold. They may have a serious infection.\n\nWhat are the danger signs in newborn?\n\nThe key neonatal danger signs include: Unable to feed/poor feeding, convulsion, respiratory rate of 60/more (fast breathing), severe chest in-drawing (difficulty in breathing), temperature of = 37.5 °C (fever), temperature = 35.5 °C (hypothermia), only moves when stimulated/not even when stimulated (weakness/lethargy), …\n\nWhy should you never wake a sleeping baby?\n\n\nWhen do you start tummy time?\n\nWhen To Start Tummy Time With Baby\n\n\nIT IS SURPRISING:  Best answer: Is Rock Salt good during pregnancy?\n\nHow do I know if my baby is lethargic?\n\n\n  1. Your young child is lethargic if she stares into space or won’t smile. She won’t play at all or hardly responds to you. Your child is too weak to cry or hard to wake up. These are serious symptoms.\n  2. Note: Sleeping more when sick is normal. When awake, your child should be alert.\n\nHow do I know if my baby is sleeping too much?\n\n\nCan a newborn go 7 hours without eating?\n\n\nWhat to do if baby will only sleep on you?\n\nBaby Will Only Sleep When I Hold Him. Help!\n\n  2. Swaddle. …\n  3. Use a pacifier. …\n  4. Get moving. …\n  5. Plus, more from The Bump:\n\nWhere should newborn sleep during day?\n\nBe safe. Place your baby to sleep on his or her back, and clear the crib or bassinet of blankets and other soft items. Be consistent. Your baby will get the most out of daytime naps if he or she takes them at the same time each day and for about the same length of time.\n\nIT IS SURPRISING:  Question: How do I know if my 4 month old is getting enough breast milk?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8413236141204834}
+{"content": "How to lose 6 kilograms in 12 days?\n\nIf you want to lose 6 kilograms in 12 days you would need to lose 0.5 kilograms per day. The recommended weight loss per day is about 0.125 kg . If you still want to lose 0.5 kilograms a day, here is how:\n\n\nDieting the math way\n\n\nTaking into consideration that you want to lose 6 kilograms in 12 days you would need to cut your diet by or burn 3500 calories every day for 12 days straight.\n\nExamples for burning 3500 calories:\nbike riding slowlybike riding slowly525 minutes(400kcal/h)\npress-upspress-ups525 minutes(400kcal/h)\ndartsdarts1,050 minutes(200kcal/h)\nbroad jumpbroad jump525 minutes(400kcal/h)\n\nMore ways to go:\n\nDieting on the food intake\n\nDieting the sporty way", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8521915674209595}
+{"content": "Do microorganisms need food?\n\nDo microorganisms need food?\n\nLike all living things, bacteria need food, water and the proper environment to live and grow. By controlling nutrients, water, temperature and time, air, acidity, and salt, you can eliminate, control, or reduce the rate at which bacteria grow.\n\nWhat does a microorganism need to survive?\n\nMicrobes need carbohydrates, fats, proteins, metals, and vitamins to survive, just like animals. The process of using nutrients and converting them into cellular material requires energy. Every microbe has unique nutritional requirements depending on the types of molecules it is capable of making for itself.\n\nDo microbes eat soil?\n\n\nCan bacteria grow in water?\n\nBacteria has been known to grow in pipes of water distribution systems and bottled drinking water. Bacteria number can quickly increases to 1-2 million counts/ml in the bottles one day later.\n\nWhat is good for the soil?\n\nYou can increase the amount of organic matter in your soil by adding compost, aged animal manures, green manures (cover crops), mulches or peat moss. Because most soil life and plant roots are located in the top 6 inches of soil, concentrate on this upper layer.\n\nWhat do bacteria eat and what do they eat?\n\nBacteria feed on materials as varied as soybean oil, sugar, starch, sulfur, amino acids, iron, milk, meat and even wood compounds.\n\nHow are microorganisms used in the food industry?\n\nMicroorganisms are widely used in the food industry to produce various types of foods that are both nutritious and preserved from spoilage because of their acid content. Dairy foods.\n\nWhat foods have a lot of microbes in them?\n\nA List of Foods Containing Microbes 1 Cheese. 2 Leavened Bread. 3 Pickles. 4 Olives. 5 Yogurt.\n\nWhat kind of organism is a microorganism?\n\nTechnically a microorganism or microbe is an organism that is microscopic. The study of microorganisms is called microbiology. Microorganisms can be bacteria, fungi, archaea or protists. The term microorganisms does not include viruses and prions, which are generally classified as non-living.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8662911653518677}
+{"content": "How many people participated in the 2018 Olympics?\n\nHow many members participate in Olympics?\n\nIndia at Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games: Full list of all 121 athletes who competed and their results.\n\nHow many participants were in the last Olympics?\n\n11,238 athletes from 207 nations took part in the 2016 Games, including first-time entrants Kosovo, South Sudan, and the Refugee Olympic Team. With 306 sets of medals, the Games featured 28 Olympic sports, including rugby sevens and golf, which were added to the Olympic program in 2009.\n\nHow many athletes participated in the 2016 Olympics?\n\n11,237 athletes competed at the Olympic Games in Rio in 2016, 6,178 men and 5,059 women. 207 National Olympic Committees including the Refugees Olympic Team and the Indenpendant Olympic Athletes participated in the Olympic Games. 2,833 athletes (1,664 men and 1,169 women) attended these Winter Games.\n\nHow many countries participate in the Olympics 2016?\n\nNumber of participating countries in the Summer Olympics from 1896 to 2016\n\nCharacteristic Number of participating countries\n2016 207\n2012 204\n2008 201\n2004 201\n\nHow many countries participated in the 2018 Winter Olympics?\n\nThe 2018 Games featured 102 events over 15 disciplines, a record number of events for the Winter Games.\n\n2018 Winter Olympics.\n\nIT IS IMPORTANT:  How do I start preparing for Olympiads?\nEmblem of the 2018 Winter Olympics\nHost city Pyeongchang, Gangwon, South Korea\nMotto Passion. Connected. (Korean: 하나된 열정., Hanadoen Yeoljeong)\nNations 92\nAthletes 2,922 (1,680 men and 1,242 women)\n\nHow many condoms are used at the Olympics?\n\nAccording to USA Today, 8,500 condoms were distributed during the Seoul Games, whereas more than 450,000 condoms were made available during the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio.\n\nHow many medals did we win in the last Olympics?\n\nThe United States of America led the medal table both in number of gold medals won and in overall medals, winning 46 gold and 121 total medals respectively.\n\nHow many US athletes compete in the Olympics?\n\nMeet the more than 600 American athletes competing at the 2021 Tokyo Summer Olympics.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000100135803223}
+{"content": "Your question: Why was South Africa banned from the Olympics for 30 years?\n\nWhy was South Africa not allowed to be part of the Olympics?\n\nSouth Africa has been barred from taking part in the 18th Olympic Games in Tokyo over its refusal to condemn apartheid. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced the decision in Lausanne, Switzerland, after South Africa failed to meet an ultimatum to comply with its demands by 16 August.\n\nWhy was South Africa banned from participating in the Olympics for 30 years?\n\nSouth Africa was expelled from the International Paralympic Committee in 1985. The IOC adopted a declaration against “apartheid in sport” on 21 June 1988, for the total isolation of apartheid sport.\n\nHow long was South Africa banned from sport?\n\nIn 1981 disabled sportspeople called for the exclusion of South Africa from the Stoke Mandeville International Games, forerunner of the Paralympics. This leaflet publicised a demonstration outside the stadium. After a four-year campaign South Africa was finally expelled from the Games in 1985.\n\nWhy did South Africa not compete in the Olympics between 1964 and 1988?\n\nBut before the 1964 Tokyo Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decided to bar South Africa due to its racial segregation policy known as Apartheid. This saw non-white South Africans widely discriminated against in all aspects of life, including sport where only white athletes could represent the country.\n\nIT IS IMPORTANT:  Did France boycott the Olympics?\n\nWas South Africa banned from Olympics?\n\nAugust 18, 1964\n\nThe IOC revoked the South African Olympic and National Games Association invitation to the 1964 Olympics because it would not declare its opposition to the government’s policy of apartheid. … South African athletes were segregated into teams based on race under the laws of apartheid.\n\nWhy was South Africa banned from sports?\n\nThe South African Games of 1969 and 1973 were intended to allow Olympic-level competition for South Africans against foreign athletes. South Africa was formally expelled from the IOC in 1970. … The IOC adopted a declaration against “apartheid in sport” on 21 June 1988, for the total isolation of apartheid sport.\n\nWhy did 29 African countries boycott the 1976 Montreal Olympics?\n\nTwenty-nine countries, mostly African, boycotted the Montreal Games when the International Olympic Committee (IOC) refused to ban New Zealand, after the New Zealand national rugby union team had toured South Africa earlier in 1976 in defiance of the United Nations’ calls for a sporting embargo.\n\nWhen was South Africa kicked out of the Commonwealth?\n\nAs a result, South Africa’s membership application was withdrawn, meaning that upon its becoming a republic on 31 May 1961, the country’s Commonwealth membership simply lapsed.\n\nWhy was the 1967 All Black tour to South Africa Cancelled?\n\nUntil 1970, South Africa refused to allow mixed-race sports teams to tour South Africa, and they were not happy about having to play against “natives” in New Zealand. … In 1967, the New Zealand Rugby Union decided to cancel the proposed 1967 tour over the issue.\n\nIT IS IMPORTANT:  How much do Olympic powerlifters lift?\n\nWhy did apartheid ended?\n\nThe apartheid system in South Africa was ended through a series of negotiations between 1990 and 1993 and through unilateral steps by the de Klerk government. … The negotiations resulted in South Africa’s first non-racial election, which was won by the African National Congress.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8623547554016113}
+{"content": "UC San Diego News Center\n\n\nQ&A with Jacob Bailey\n\nAfter growing up in a predominantly Latino community in Los Angeles, Jacob Bailey had an eye-opening experience when he transferred from a Southern California community college to the University of Utah as an undergraduate. He realized he was one of only seven Latinos in his class at the College of Science, so he set out on a personal mission to recruit and encourage underrepresented students to attend college. Now a second-year medical student at UC San Diego, he continues his outreach efforts through the School of Medicine. He is determined to give back to his community through his research and career in medicine. .\n\nWhat drew you into medicine? Why did you choose UC San Diego School of Medicine?\n\nBailey: Going to school at the University of Utah as an undergraduate was a turning point in my life that steered me towards medicine. It was drastically different than where I grew up in Los Angeles. My high school was predominately Latino, my mother's family is from Mexico and I lived in Mexico City for a few years after high school. At Utah, there were only seven Latinos who graduated in the entire College of Science the year that I did. While an undergraduate, two of my friends and I started an organization to promote higher education and the sciences to minority and underserved kids in local high schools and community colleges. The impact it had on me was huge because it reinforced my commitment to serve others. Up until that point, my goals were do go into research. I was working in an immunology laboratory and was enjoying myself. Fortunately, I had wonderful mentors during that time who showed me how to combine my passions and interests. As time went on, I started to feel more and more that medicine was my calling.My choice to attend UC San Diego's School of Medicine stemmed from my commitment to my Latino community and the desire to become better at serving others. Our School of Medicine has a dual-degree program called Program in Medical Education, or PRIME, that is designed to train physician leaders to meet the needs of underserved communities. Over the course of five years, I will not only get my medical degree, but also a master's related to this mission.\n\nWhy is it important to you to reach out to underrepresented students?\n\nBailey: It's important to me because California has 294 physicians per 100,000 people, but there are only 30 Latino physicians per 100,000 Latinos. Put another way, almost 40 percent of Californians are Latino, but only 5 percent of our doctors are Latino. Adults always tell children they can grow up to be anything they want but, without an example, the road is much harder. I was fortunate to have wonderful mentors so now it's my responsibility, and a privilege, to reach out to others.\n\nWhat are some of the outreach activities that you've participated in through UC San Diego's School of Medicine?\n\nBailey: I'm heavily involved in the Latino Medical Student Association (LMSA) and PRIME, but two activities that I've enjoyed most have been our \"Healthy Minds, Healthy Bodies\" and \"Doc-4-a-Day\" programs. The first one is a partnership with Lincoln High School where I was able to teach health to a 10th-grade class for a semester. Doc-4-a-Day is a really big event that happens twice a year at the School of Medicine where we invite high school students from underserved areas to the campus to learn how be doctors. The students come from all over the county for workshops on things like human physiology and taking vital signs. We also give them a tour, let them do dissections, and explain how to apply to college and medical school.\n\nWhat advice do you have for young students who want to attain a higher education or go to medical school, but worry about financial aid and other obstacles?\n\nBailey: Don't let anything stop you. By overcoming challenges, you grow and develop the skills that you will later use to help others. Find a mentor who will show you how to turn your obstacles into opportunities. Surround yourself with friends who will help you on your journey, and help them in turn. Learning is its own reward, and there are grants, scholarships, loans and jobs that will help you pay for it. Is it expensive? Yes. Is it worth it? Most definitely.\n\nWhich field interests you the most and where do you see yourself in 10 years?\n\nBailey: At this point, there are several specialties that interest me but the aspect of medicine that interests me the most is how it interacts with diverse cultures. In 10 years, I would love to be at an institution that will allow me to work in neighborhoods like the one I grew up in and work with kids who aspire to become doctors.\n\n Fun Faves  \n\nFavorite place at UC San Diego: The Grove Gallery area\n\nFavorite place on Earth: With my family Favorite accomplishment: Whichever one I last achieve Favorite hobby: Music or riding my bike — it's a toss-up Favorite way to spend $10: Tacos El Gordo followed by ice cream\n\nFavorite words to live by: \"Enjoy the now for what it is. Looking towards the future gives direction, looking to the past provides context. But, between the two is where we find happiness.\"", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5878005027770996}
+{"content": "You asked: Are there wild tigers in Vietnam?\n\nWhy are tigers extinct in Vietnam?\n\nDue to poaching and habitat loss, tigers are functionally extinct in Vietnam.\n\nDid American soldiers encounter tigers in Vietnam?\n\nThe tiger had attacked Sgt. Goolden, and he luckily walked away from the incident alive. Tiger attacks, statistically speaking, weren’t that common. However soldiers did see tigers, or report being stalked.\n\nAre there tigers in Vietnam in 2020?\n\nTigers are considered funcionally extinct in Vietnam and Laos. There may be a handful of tigers in the evergreen forests of the Northern Annamites in Laos and Vietnam, and the Dry Forests/Central Annamites landscape in Southern Laos and Central Vietnam.\n\nWhat tigers are extinct now?\n\nTigers. There are generally considered to be eight subspecies of tiger (Panthera tigris), three of which are now extinct. The remaining subspecies include the Bengal, Indo-Chinese, South China, Amur, and Sumatran tigers.\n\nDid tigers eat soldiers in Vietnam?\n\n\nDid soldiers get killed by tigers in Vietnam?\n\nQuang Tri, Vietnam–A man-eating tiger was killed by members of a small recon patrol when the 400 pound cat attacked a 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion Marine in the northwestern corner of South Vietnam. The Marine who was attacked is listed in a satisfactory condition at a military hospital in Quang Tri.\n\nTHIS IS AMAZING:  Can I use 60hz in Malaysia?\n\nWhat big cats live in Vietnam?\n\nThe large forests are home to various large cats including tigers, leopards and snow leopards. Wild oxen, various varieties of bears and deer are also found in the forests. Vietnam hosts the endemic gray-shanked douc, one of the 25 most endangered primates in the world.\n\nHow many elephants are left in Vietnam?\n\nVietnam Elephant Population Figures\n\nElephant Range: 3,000 km²\nTotal Wild Elephants: 76 – 94\nCountry Ranking: 13th of 13\nTotal Captive Population: 165\nCountry Ranking: 9th of 13\n\nWhat are tigers two threats?\n\nThe main threats to tiger populations today are habitat loss/fragmentation and poaching. Habitat Loss and fragmentation occurs when land is modified for agricultural purposes, logging, and land conversion for grazing domestic animals. The rapidly growing human population has reduced the number of viable tiger habitats.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9897807836532593}
+{"content": "Ocean Reef Lab\n\nThe Biosphere 2 Ocean provides a unique opportunity to develop, test, and deploy solutions to the coral reef crisis.\n\nWhy do Research on Coral Reefs?\n\nIn the past few decades, we have lost roughly half the world’s reef coral. Most of the rest will die by midcentury if warming continues unabated. Even if they persist through warming, the reefs of the future may not look like those of today. Heat tolerance varies among species and individuals, leading to a loss of diversity as warming intensifies. This variability does provide some hope: hardier corals may form the basis for future reefs which, although reduced in taxa, can still provide the critical goods and services to society.\n\nThis crisis is motivating new, urgent efforts to preserve corals, reefs, and the benefits–food, shoreline protection, tourism, cultural touchstones–that they provide for the ~1 billion people who live in their proximity. The science and practice of reef restoration, combined with innovative solutions for increasing corals’ resistance to stress, provide great potential for rebuilding resilient reefs. We identify an acute need for a platform to develop and test novel, even radical, coral reef interventions in ways that do not threaten the planet’s remaining natural reefs. Advancing reef restoration science and practice requires the capability to conceive and test a broad range of approaches, including those that seem radical in historic context. As one example, the methods of assisted evolution aim to optimize coral resistance to heat stress, using selective breeding, microbiome manipulations, and hardening via repeated stress exposures. Another example might be an engineered, modular reef with a reduced or novel species mix, to help coastal communities weather the loss of a local reef that provides food and coastal protection. These novel approaches cannot be tested on natural reefs, due to limits of accessibility, complex and compounding stressors, natural disruptions, and tight management of these vulnerable ecosystems. Biosphere 2’s experimental Ocean offers a unique opportunity to accelerate the science and practice of reef restoration and generate solutions to the global coral reef crisis.\n\n\nWhy do Coral Research at Biosphere 2?\n\nThe Biosphere 2 Ocean holds unique strengths for the study of coral reef restoration and environmental stress. We aim to build a reef that can survive future climate change, at the scale of an ecological community that is sufficiently complex to have its own emergent properties. We will perturb this reef in specific and highly controlled ways, and track the response at unprecedented resolution, from the genomic through the community and biogeochemical scales. We are not bound by existing ecological associations or biogeographical constraints, but can explore whether combining species differently can enhance resilience. These activities cannot be undertaken on a natural reef, as the potential consequences for an existing vulnerable ecosystem is too great. Nor can they be done in a small aquarium or a meter-scale mesocosm, which lack the requisite scale and complexity. The unique combination of scale, control, and accessibility of the Biosphere 2 enable us to address key grand challenges in the restoration of resilient coral reef ecosystems.\n\nGrand Challenge Questions:\n\nA number of “Big Ideas” or questions in the coral reef community can be uniquely addressed in the Biosphere 2 Ocean:\n\n  1. How do novel interactions among species on pan-global, restored coral reefs dictate ecosystem health, structure, and function in a changing environment?\n  2. Can reef organisms acclimatize and/or adapt rapidly to ocean change?  How long does resistance persist, and can it be passed between generations?\n  3. How are compounding stressors (e.g., warming, acidification) impacting reef growth (i.e., calcification) at the ecosystem scale?\n  4. What technologies and cyber infrastructure are required to successfully restore and monitor coral-reef ecosystems and disseminate data?\nOcean surface plot\n\nProject description:\n\nThese grand challenges will be tackled in a three-phase research program covering 5-8 years. Each phase will be preceded by intensive planning that includes expertise from all scales of reef science: genomic, microbial, organismal, behavioral, community, biogeochemical. We will also engage reef restoration and management professionals so that we understand the challenges they face and they develop familiarity with the novel approaches that we are exploring.\n\n\nExpected Impacts:\n\nThe reef crisis demands an urgent response, or our planet will lose an iconic ecosystem, and hundreds of millions of humans will suffer. If we intend to intervene, we need a safe place to develop and test these interventions. The Biosphere 2 Ocean will allow us to ask new kinds of questions, explore and apply novel interventions, and improve the chances for reef survival.\n\nRelated Links\n\nDr. Diane Thompson's Website\n\nOther Resources\n\nGet involved!\n\nWe are fortunate to have a great group of volunteers who have been maintaining the ocean tank and are excited to build for its future. We will be working with scientists, aquarists, museum designers, and artists, to ensure that the changes we make help achieve Biosphere 2’s research, outreach and education goals. We would love for YOU to be a part of this transformation. If you would like to volunteer, plan your research project around the ocean, or know of a student or scientist who should be part of this project, let us know! Please fill out our qualtrics survey for interested interns or volunteers. Contact Dr. Diane Thompson with any inquiries at thompsod@arizona.edu.\n\nOcean Research Team\n\nSamantha King\n\nPhD Student, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9397883415222168}
+{"content": "Comparing Tokyo And Auckland 's Development\n\n1569 Words7 Pages\nCities located globally increase significantly through the process of urbanisation, temporally and spatially. Through urbanisation, technology is a huge advancement for cities. The main technology advancement is transportation. I have chosen to compare Tokyo with Auckland. I will discuss Tokyo and Auckland’s development (1880-1930), outlining pressures and opportunities created by technology advancements and how Tokyo is caused by urbanisation, comparing with Auckland.\n\nTokyo’s population is approximately 13.35million with rapid urban growth. The land area of Tokyo is approximately 2,187km2. Tokyo was first established in 1869. Tokyo was originally named Edo (small fishing village) in early 1800’s. Tokyo was a part of the Musashi Province development. The early-18th century, there were not much transportation in Edo, including planes, trains and cars. The main transport mode was walking, boats or horseback. Any cargo transported by people, oxen/horses, were by large carts or traditional boats. The Edo period (1603-1868), Edo did not have carriages drawn by horses compared to horse-back carriages in Auckland. The main cause of cargo were by boats. Other transport were palanquins (equivalence to taxicabs). Palanquins were used in the city to transport people. Road networks were then a main pressure for Tokyo as to transport freight to long distances between cities. The Tokugawa government started to develop road infrastructure, by connecting highways between Edo and\n\nMore about Comparing Tokyo And Auckland 's Development\n\nGet Access", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999436736106873}
+{"content": "clock menu more-arrow no yes\n\nFiled under:\n\nTop 5 predictions for the Steelers team MVP in 2021\n\nBefore even playing a snap for the season, who do you think will end up Steelers team MVP?\n\nLos Angeles Rams v Pittsburgh Steelers Photo by Justin K. Aller/Getty Images\n\nOn last weeks podcast of The Scho Bro Show, we were tasked with listing our top five players who are most likely to earn team MVP for the Steelers in 2021. Although sometimes picking team MVP is difficult even after the players have played the season, doing it before anyone has taken the field is an even bigger challenge. In other words, it comes down to projecting on who will have a great season for the Black and Gold in 2021.\n\nFor this exercise, we each came up with our own top five list counting down to the most likely candidate. For each number, we will highlight the players both Rich (Big Bro Scho) and myself (Dave) chose at each ranking with a brief explanation as to why we felt this player could come through and be voted the Most Valuable Player for the Steelers in 2021.\n\n5. Dave: Ben Roethlisberger\nRich: JuJu Smith-Schuster\n\nAlthough he doesn’t make a push for team MVP and usually supports others throughout the locker room, if 2021 ends up being Ben Roethlisberger‘s last year in the NFL it’s not beyond the realm of possibility for his team to select him as the Most Valuable Player. In order for this to happen, the offense needs to be as much of the driving force towards success as the defense. If this is the case, Roethlisberger may have to be doing less in the stats category in order to bring about a more balanced team.\n\nAs for Rich’s choice of JuJu Smith-Schuster, he felt there is a possibility that a wide receiver could earn the honor and Smith-Schuster seems to be a likely candidate to break out even more in 2021. Hopefully JuJu can be given more opportunities to succeed than 2020 where he caught 97 passes and still was unable to reach 1,000 yards based on the offensive scheme. Add in the fact Smith-Schuster won the award in 2018 and he became the front runner in the receivers’ room.\n\n4. Dave: JuJu Smith-Schuster\nRich: Cam Heyward\n\nMy reasoning for Smith-Schuster was almost exactly like that of Rich having him at the number five spot. I just simply had him one spot higher. As for Cam Heyward, Rich believes that if there is another player along the Steelers defensive front who could earn the honor, Heyward would be the most likely as he has continued to get his due acknowledgment as one of the best interior defenders in the NFL.\n\n3. Dave: Devin Bush\nRich: Minkah Fitzpatrick\n\nIf Devin Bush returns from injury and leads to Steelers in tackles while throwing in some forced fumbles and possibly an interception or two, he could very well earn the team MVP honors if the defense is what is ruling the day for the Steelers in 2021. Rich’s selection of Mikah Fitzpatrick has to do with the scenario where teams may need to rely on the pass more against the Steelers and the possibility of Fitzpatrick notching a few more interceptions this season.\n\n2. Dave: Najee Harris\nRich: Ben Roethlisberger\n\nAlthough Rich thought I was crazy, I can see a scenario in which Najee Harris wins the team MVP as a rookie much like Franco Harris did in 1972. Given the fact the Steelers running game was so bad last season, a solid performance would be a huge improvement over 2020. If the Steelers running game can even get up to just being middle of the road in the NFL, Harris would have a shot at this honor. Should the Steelers do the unthinkable and crack the top 10 in rushing, Harris should get the majority of the credit although scheme and blocking are likely to be just as important to the Steelers success as Harris’ ability to tote the rock.\n\nAs for Rich’s placement of Roethlisberger, he basically thought it was exactly what I had outlined but just much more likely for the 2021 season then what I was taking into account.\n\n1. Dave: T.J. Watt\nRich: T.J. Watt\n\nSince he’s won the team MVP the last two years, not believing the front runner is T.J. Watt would be foolish. Any player who continues to be in the running for the NFL Defensive Player of the Year is likely going to end up their team’s MVP. Although the Steelers have had players win the MVP three times in a career, they have never had a player win it three years in a row. It will be interesting to see if Watt is chosen yet again of if the team changes it up for one reason or another.\n\nSo there are the top five lists of candidates for Steelers MVP in 2021 both by myself and my big brother Rich. How do you think we did? Which one do you agree with more? What would your top five list be? Make sure you leave your thoughts in the comments below!\n\nIf you would like to listen to the breakdown from The Scho Bro Show podcast, they can be heard below.\n\nPart 1:\n\nPart 2:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9935805201530457}
+{"content": "\n\nIntegrate Asana and Google Docs with DreamFactory\n\nIntegrations » Integrations » Integrate Asana and Google Docs with DreamFactory\n\nTo Integrate Asana and Google Docs with DreamFactory, book a demo with DreamFactory. DreamFactory is an open source API gateway that can handle all of your customized integrations.\n\nWhat is DreamFactory?\n\n\n  • Automated API key management\n\nWhat is Asana?\n\nAsana is a web and mobile application designed to help teams organize, track, and manage their work. The Asana API provides a means to programmatically read information in Asana, input information into Asana, and create automations within Asana.\nWith the Open API, information stored in Asana can be integrated into web-based or native applications built for iOS, Android, or the desktop.\n\nWhat is Google Docs?\n\nGoogle Docs is a free, web-based word processor from Google. With Google Docs, you can create and edit documents online while collaborating with other users in real-time.\nUsers can edit documents from anywhere they can reach the web. Google Docs offers to create documents using the formatting on computers, phones, or just by using any web browser.\n\nIntegrate Asana and Google Docs with DreamFactory now! It's just one click away\n\n\nNeed API advice?\n\nIntegrate Everything\nWith Auto Generated APIs\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6604325771331787}
+{"content": "tragic in a sentence\n\nUse ‘tragic’ in a sentence | ‘tragic’ example sentences\n\n1- The single itself was tragic to almost comic proportions.\n\n2- Her tragic death made headlines around the world.\n\n3- The solution is ingenious and ultimately tragic .\n\n4- How tragic this attitude towards children is!\n\n5- I thought what happened was really tragic .\n\n6- This finding has potentially tragic implications for distracted driving.\n\n7- These scenes were both violent and tragic .\n\n8- Her films were mostly tragic romantic dramas that contained social themes.\n\n9- Garcia experienced several tragic events during his youth.\n\n10- The loss of life was truly tragic .\n\n11- This tragic injustice really needs to end .\n\n12- When ads appear adjacent to tragic stories .\n\n13- This is very unusual and very tragic .\n\n14- This has been tragic behind the iron curtain.\n\n15- Every grand scheme has its tragic flaw.\n\n16- Every traffic death is both tragic and unnecessary.\n\n17- Death was tragic for those left behind.\n\n18- She was a tragic victim – period.\n\n19- All too often the results are tragic .\n\n20- A very tragic picture, fortunately completely false.\n\n21- Her nickname is “The tragic heroine”.\n\n22- We acknowledge that abortion always has a tragic dimension.\n\n23- He did not deserve this horrible tragic fate.\n\n24- With a tragic irony she very nearly succeeded.\n\n25- They were to figure prominently among the more tragic case histories.\n\n26- It may seem easier to ignore difficult or tragic events.\n\n27- Love is never simple and often misunderstood to tragic ends.\n\n28- The tragic hero still resides on the ethical level.\n\n29- Its consequences for recent human history have already been tragic .\n\n30- Its dedication comes seven years after the tragic events.\n\n31- Keeping mentally sharp during ground operations can prevent a tragic accident.\n\n32- There are varied explanations for this tragic scenario.\n\n33- The political consequences of the evolution were tragic .\n\n34- Although her death was tragic it was foreseen.\n\n35- The same rules apply whether the plot is tragic or comic.\n\n36- The story of this talented man is tragic .\n\n37- The result of this statement was tragic .\n\n38- The investigation concludes it is a tragic accident occurred.\n\n39- A few examples will illustrate this tragic trend.\n\n40- It was a tragic but illuminating case. I was moved to tears by the tragic story.\n\n41- The tragic death of the King has shocked the entire nation.\n\n42- We often hear it said that ours is essentially a tragic age.\n\n43- Murder and assassination seem to be a tragic but not uncommon part of American politics.\n\n44- Murder and assassination seem to be a tragic but not uncommon part of politics in our nation.\n\n45- The terrible sadness of the little girl’s short, tragic life filled the courtroom with sorrow.\n\n46- The tragic ending of the film “Titanic” made teenage girls the world over break down in tears.\n\n47- Following Princess Diana’s tragic death in 1997, a toy company issued a “Princess” bear in tribute.\n\n48- The terrorist attack on the World Trade Center is one of the most tragic events in American history.\n\n49- Two adults and one child were killed in a tragic car accident on the highway outside of Memphis last weekend.\n\n50- Local building codes were ignored at the stadium, resulting in a tragic accident which killed over 250 spectators.\n\nMore Sentences: 1234\nRelated Words:\npersonal tragedyavert the tragedyavoid the tragedyawful tragedytragedy strikehuman tragedyappalling tragedytragictragic deathtragic car accidenttragic losstragic herotragic commentarytragic actortragic consequence\n\nYou can easily memorize the word and the meaning of “tragic”\nand This is a fast way of learning the meaning of “tragic” with example sentences.\nAlways focus on the learning on sentences with “tragic“\nWe believe you will easily learn to write and use the word “tragic” in a sentence.\nYou can practice spelling and usage of the word by getting 10 examples of sentences with “tragic”.\n20 examples of simple sentences of “tragic“\nWe tried to find and publish the the words with Simple Sentences of “tragic“\nCompound Sentences with “tragic”\nComplex Sentences with “tragic”\nCompound-Complex Sentences with “tragic\n\nSpread the love\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9618695974349976}
+{"content": "Klass Of Hope : Biasiswa Peluang Kedua SPM 2022\n\n\n\nKelab \"Gooddeeds\" Kedah (Gooddeeds) is an non-governmental organisation that focuses on helping people who are in need especially in education. It focuses on aiding the needy people to obtain a proper education and actual guidance. Gooddeeds has been involved with a lot of volunteering programs that assist both primary and secondary students to acquire the proper knowledge that could help them to live a beautiful life. \n\nIn accordance with the title, Gooddeeds would like to organise a program entitled Klass of Hope : Biasiswa Peluang Kedua SPM 2022. The objective is to help the underprivileged students who could not go to school to take important examination like SPM and students who want to retake the SPM examination.\n\nFurthermore, the aim is to give free education to the destitute students who ought and keen to seek and learn knowledge. This program also would prepare them to live productively in a real world. The program also would prepare the effectiveness in acquiring and understanding the knowledge through the pedagogy given. \n\n\nMYR 0.00\n\n\n\nTotal Funds Raised\n\n\n\nSpread the love\n\n\nPusat Aktiviti Gooddeeds Tingkat 2, Kompleks Persiaran Sultan Abdul Hamid\n\nAlor Setar", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000100135803223}
+{"content": "2018 Disappointment of the Year: Sebastian Vettel\n\nI must admit that I am among those fans that expected more of Sebastian Vettel this season, after his great start to the year it was unbelievable that after Mexico the contest was already over.\n\nLewis Hamilton had beaten Vettel to a fifth Formula 1 World Championship title when the German had his best chance of winning the title for the Reds. Disappointing.\n\nFor sure there were a bunch of mitigating factors that did not help Seb’s cause, none less than the passing of Sergio Marchionne that shook Maranello to its foundations and the tremors have yet to fully subside.\n\nThere is also the mysterious tale of Ferrari’s sudden lack of pace during the latter half of the season, and revelations that they indeed went up the garden path with their developments and only by back-tracking to pre-Monza versions of the car did they find the grunt again, but it was far too late.\n\nEven without a slew of mistakes that compromised his year, the well-told Hockenheim debacle will be a stain on his CV forever and that alone was the biggest disappointment watching that Ferrari slither in slo-mo into the barriers. It was game over that day and we probably all knew it. The real Vettel is better than that.\n\nVettel’s 2018 mistakes\n\nRace Session Incident\nAzerbaijan Race Lock up battling Bottas for first place, drops to fourth\nFrance Race Collision with Bottas at the start, drops down the order\nAustria Qualifying Demoted five grid places for blocking Sainz\nGermany Race Unforced error leads to crash into barriers with a comfortable lead\nItaly Race Bangs wheels with Hamilton on opeing lap\nJapan Qualifying Spins during flying lap, qualifies ninth\nJapan Race Crashes into Verstappen\n\nVettel: Small mistake, big disappointment, apologies\n\nNote on the 2018 GrandPrix247.com Formula 1 Awards:\nWith so many official Formula 1 and Motorsport Awards happening out there during this festive season, this year, as Editor I decided a one-man poll would do the trick as opposed to the logistics of a democratic poll.\nI was also malleable with the Award categories, adding when required as deserving recipients sprang to mind.\nFor the record, these Awards are my own point of view, thus biased and opinionated but no bribes were taken nor offered!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7039006948471069}
+{"content": " Gästboken - Holmstrand-Helgums SK - Fotboll - IdrottOnline Klubb\nHoppa till sidans innehåll\n\nFölj sidan \"Gästboken\"\n\n\n\n Skriv ett nytt inlägg i gästboken\n4 mars 2020 07:54 av vision 20 review\n\n\nSome people can see well at a distance but are unable to bring nearer objects into focus. This condition can be caused by hyperopia (farsightedness) or presbyopia (loss of focusing ability). Others can see items that are close but cannot see those far away. This condition may be caused by myopia (nearsightedness).\n\n29 februari 2020 10:16 av vision 20 review\n\n\nVisual acuity is the clarity of your eyesight, measured by your ability to identify letters or numbers on a standardized eye-chart from a specific viewing distance. Visual acuity is a static measurement, meaning you are sitting still during the testing and the letters or numbers you are viewing also are stationary.\n\n29 februari 2020 09:49 av blood sugar premier review\n\n\nWhen you have diabetes, your body isn’t able to get the sugar from blood into cells, or make enough, or any, insulin. This causes high levels of blood sugar, or high glucose levels. The carbohydrates in food cause blood sugar levels to go up after meals.\n\n28 februari 2020 06:59 av hair-revital-x-review\n\n\n\n26 februari 2020 12:16 av Zenith labs hair revital x review\n\n\nHair loss without scarring of the scalp is a very common condition and affects most people at some time in their lives.\n\n26 februari 2020 12:11 av hair revital x review\n\n\nBoth male and female pattern baldness is genetic. Males tend to lose hair from the temples and crown of the head. In females, hair usually becomes thinner all over the head.\n\n25 februari 2020 08:20 av Hair revital x\n\n\nWhile male and female pattern baldness is a primary cause of hair loss, there is a range of other reasons. A doctor will want to explore these before recommending the appropriate treatment.\n\n24 februari 2020 10:07 av yuva08\n\n\nPeople may experience hair loss while using birth control pills. Others might experience hair loss several weeks or months after they stop taking them. If people are taking birth control pills, they can choose one that has a low androgen index. This may help to lower the risk of hair loss.\n\n17 februari 2020 10:17 av steffandevin\n\nWater Freedom System Review\n\nIf possible, divide up the portion into smaller amounts, with part eaten immediately, and the rest saved for another serving later in the afternoon. It may be a very pleasant surprise to find that you may not have been as hungry as it seemed. At the same time, this only works when there is a careful effort to not be swayed by side items such as onion rings, other fried appetizers, a large regular drink and a dessert.\n\n\n17 februari 2020 08:29 av steffandevin\n\nAge Defying Energy\n\nCollagen has been found to be difficult to reproduce synthetically, so what manufacturers have done is to use animal sources like cattle for their collagen sources. They use a chemical reaction to make them purer and then add them to their collagen moisturizer.\n\n\n\n Ange alt-text här. \n\n\n  Ange alt-text här.\n\n  Ange alt-text här.\n\nHolmstrand-Helgums SK - Fotboll\nIdrottsvägen 4\n88293 Helgum\n\nTel: [saknas] Information\nE-post: l.mikaelsson@telia.c...\n\nSe all info", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.561151385307312}
+{"content": "Spotlight * KSA: Views on Wellbeing\n\nViews on mental and physical Wellbeing in Saudi Arabia.\n\nAs part of the Spotlight*KSA Series, Views on Wellbeing covers different perceptions and aspects of mental and physical health in Saudi Arabia. \n\nIn the kingdom, 47% very or fairly often think of their mental wellbeing, whereas 59% very or fairly often think of their physical wellbeing, with the majority of the latter group being men. Both results lie under the global averages across 29 countries which were surveyed. \n\nWhen it comes to the importance of wellbeing, 6 in 10 in Saudi Arabia believe that both mental and physical health are equally important, while 8 in 10 globally believe the same. However, 27% in the kingdom say that mental health is more important than physical health and only 17% say the opposite. \n\nOn a country level, almost half say that mental and physical health are treated as equally important, while 30% say that physical wellbeing is treated as more important. When asked about the top health concerns in Saudi Arabia, COVID-19 topped the list with 78%, followed by Diabetes (27%) and smoking (23%). Drug abuse came in last with only 2%, compared to 13% globally. \n\n\nMore insights about Health", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9267656803131104}
+{"content": "Take Ten Minutes High Res-3331.jpg\n\nA Gateway To Wellbeing Within The Public Realm\n\nIn today’s hectic world of the Internet, News and Covid-19, it’s never been more important to take ten minutes for your own mental health.\n\nTTM provides the opportunity to engage in wellbeing exercises outdoors in parks and public spaces. Whether walking the dog, taking a stroll on your lunch break, or walking through your local park, our free exercises can enhance your life.  \n\nWhy Take Ten Minutes? \n\nEveryone has the ability to access information on mental wellbeing. However, at home and work, there are barriers. The TTM project seeks to overcome these barriers by engaging people in parks and public spaces.\n\nTake Ten Minutes High Res-3416.jpg\n\nTTM in action\n\nTTM teamed up with Urban Green Newcastle to create a Gateway to Mindfulness exercises across parks in Newcastle. Check out this video to see TTM in action. \n\nWhy mindfulness?\n\nBeing mindful refers to being aware of what is going on inside and outside ourselves, moment by moment. It is about understanding how our thoughts can drive our emotions and behaviours and prevent overreaction and the feeling of being overwhelmed in our current situation.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7392334938049316}
+{"content": "Syngonium podophyllum, commonly called arrowhead vine, is native from Mexico to Ecuador. It is an evergreen climbing vine that typically grows to 3-6’ long. As a houseplant, it is typically grown for its attractive ornamental foliage which changes shape as the leaves mature. Juvenile leaves (to 5.5” long) are ovate with heart-shaped bases and sometimes with silver variegation. Leaves mature to arrow shape. Later leaves become pedate (to 14” long), each with 5-11 leaflets. Tiny green to greenish-white flowers on a spadix are surrounded by a greenish-white spathe (to 4.5” long). Flowers are born in groups in the leaf axils. Flowers give way to brown-black berries. Plants rarely flower in cultivation. Synonymous with Nephthyis triphylla.\n\n\npotted 4\" round\n\nSyngonium podophyllum 'White Butterfly'", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9604092240333557}
+{"content": "Limited Edition\n\nLimited Edition Prints\n\nYehoshua carefully selects the number of prints offered of each image to protect your artwork’s long term identity. This edition size is shared between all prints, so when the edition is of 18 , there will never be more than 18 prints made of that image regardless of the physical print sizes acquired by collectors.\n\nCertificate of Authenticity\n\nAll-limited edition prints are signed, numbered, and come with a Certificate of Authenticity complete with detailed information about the work such as the title and edition number.\nThe Certificate of Authenticity ensures that your print is an original. It should be stored somewhere safe, preferably separate from the artwork.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9820203185081482}
+{"content": "Henri bergson pdf deutsch\n\nThe project gutenberg ebook of creative evolution, by henri bergson this ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. Henri louis bergson was born into a sophisticated, multinational family in the year that charles darwin published on the origin of species 1859, a book that profoundly affected bergsons. Bergson lezioni di filosofia contemporanea youtube. Invoking the ancient philosophers, drawing on metaphysical precepts and enlisting the aid of an. Henri bergson definition of henri bergson by the free. Bergson sought to improve upon inadequacies he perceived in the philosophy of herbert spencer, due, he believed, to spencers lack of comprehension of mechanics, which led bergson to the conclusion that time eluded mathematics and science. Henri bergson french philosopher who proposed elan vital as the cause of evolution and development bergson, henri louis bergson. Henri bergson 18591941 was one of the most famous and influential french philosophers of the late 19th centuryearly 20th century. Enjoy the best henri bergson quotes at brainyquote.\n\nHenri bergson was born in paris as the son of a prosperous jewish musician from poland and an angloirish mother. Henri bergson synonyms, henri bergson pronunciation, henri bergson translation, english dictionary definition of henri bergson. Free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by project gutenberg. Jankelevitchs henri bergson is richly textured with reflections and digressions which sketch in embryonic form conceptual figures that would gain prominence in his later ethical writings. Quotations by henri bergson, french philosopher, born october 18, 1859. Bevezetes a metafizikaba cimu muveben a filozofusrol. English leonard lawlor, henri bergson, stanford encyclopedia of philosophy, 20, html. A mead project source page originally published as. The elan vital is a growing and flowing process, not a static existence which admits of no change whatsoever. Bergson uses musical analogies and writes with gallic panache and imagination, drawing freely from the metaphysician and artist in himself.\n\nDownload henri bergson in pdf and epub formats for free. Henri bergson 18591941, whose philosophical works emphasized motion, time, and change, won the nobel prize for literature in 1927. At the age of 17, he won an open prize for an original solution to a mathematical problem, and in the same year he solved a problem pascal claimed to have solved but left unpublished. Henri bergson, french philosopher, the first to elaborate what came to be called a process philosophy, which rejected static values in favour of values of motion, change, and evolution. An introduction to metaphysics henri bergson download. Laughter by henri bergson in his very thorough treatise on comedy, laughter, henri bergson concedes that it would be idle to attempt to derive every comic effect from one simple formula bergson, 85, but nonetheless bases his concept of the comic on something mechanical encrusted upon the living bergson, 92. The evolution of life mechanism and teleology, chapter 1 in creative evolution, translated by arthur mitchell, ph. Theirs is the task of determining first of all whether they want to go on living or not. Henri bergson was born in paris in 1859 and died there in 1941. Henri bergson book also available for read online, mobi, docx and mobile and kindle reading. In the years that followed, the philosopher and the physicist became engaged in a bitter dispute.\n\nHenri bergson, buch the two sources of morality and religion the two sources of morality and religion 1932, context. Philosophers are thinkers of a different order than ordinary folks and henri bergson is no exception to that rule. Translators note this translation of monsieur bergsons matiere d memoire has been made from the fifth edition of 1908, and has had the great advantage. Topics henri bergson, relativity, duration and simultaneity collection. His mother was angloirish and his father polish and an accomplished musician. Annotated bibliography of writings on bergson by pete a. Key writings athlone contemporary european thinkers continuum.\n\nLi estis franca filozofo, kiu ricevis nobelpremion pri literaturo en 1927. In the spirit of, and yet not in lock step with, darwinian evolutionism, bergson makes here his philosophical argument for a continuous, creative evolution. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. Although his international fame reached cultlike heights during his lifetime, his influence decreased notably after the second world war. Henri bergson, neoplatonist, and the cubist aesthetic. Henri bergson bergson, henri, 18591941 online books about this author are available, as is a wikipedia article bergson, henri, 18591941, contrib bergson, sage of the age with added letters of commendation by bergson, ca. Men do not sufficiently realise that their future is in their own hands. Schopferische entwicklung, henri bergson, adamant media corporation, isbn. Mary ann gillies, henri bergson and british modernism, mcgill queens university press, 1996, pdf. His work remains influential, particularly in the realms of philosophy, cultural studies, and new media studies. Henri bergson bergson, henri, 18591941 the online books page. Schopferische entwicklung henri bergson online lesen uniritup.\n\nThe pure present is an ungraspable advance of the past devouring the future. Full text of duration and simultaneity henri bergson see other formats. The most famous and influential work of distinguished french philosopher henri bergson 18591941, creative evolution features the fullest expression of the philosophers ideas about the problem of existence, propounding a theory of evolution completely distinct from these of earlier thinkers and scientists. Bio je izvrstan matematicar, a zatim prelazi na humanisticke nauke.\n\nDuration and simultaneity henri bergson by henri bergson. Full text of duration and simultaneity henri bergson. The project gutenberg ebook of creative evolution, by. Includes bibliographical references and index victoria university library has northrop fryes copy with his annotations 24 27 31 35. Henrilouis bergson 18591941 was a french philosopher. Jankelevitchs book is thus not so much about bergson, as it is a book through bergson, and its twostroke motion of understanding bergson and of. Henri bergson bergson, the philosopher of intuitionism and of creative evolution, conceives reality as a vital impetus, an elan vital, whose essence is evolution and development. V bergsonovom mysleni su zive najma motivy platonovej filozofie, neskoreho schellinga, schopenhauera a samozrejme francuzska filozoficka tradicia. He was also a master literary stylist, of both academic and popular appeal, and was awarded the nobel prize for.\n\n347 706 575 687 1459 381 373 954 1557 961 140 735 589 1246 106 898 344 191 1365 1388 578 1298 1542 1351 741 1236 124 320 1140 1135 220 1499 961 695 216 1115 641 836 398 68", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8128354549407959}
+{"content": "26 Following\n\n\nLymphedema Therapy\n\nExercise With Leg Lymphedema\n\n\n\nI am writing this short article from two perspectives, as an experienced physical fitness trainer/ stamina trainer who has actually studied wellness concerns for years and as a patient who suffers with lymphedema of the leg daily. I have actually had the ability to maintain my lymphedema quite well, but that is due to the fact that I have done considerable reading on the subject, I paid attention to my doctors, and also I have comprehensive understanding of exercise. It is on my mind every day, at virtually every moment due to the fact that it takes fantastic effort to keep properly. I have included the summary of lymphedema listed below.\n\n\nLymphedema is a difficult point to deal with and should be maintained all day, every day. There is no cure for lymphedema. I have actually had lymphedema in my leg since my 1991 cancer cells surgical treatment. I went from being a gymnastics instructor and also health and fitness trainer who worked out day-to-day to being bedridden after my surgery as a result of the lymph nodes being removed along with the cancer. My life changed significantly, but I returned to work and found out just how to keep it immediately. A number of medical professionals informed me that I would certainly be bedridden for the rest of my life and that I would certainly never ever function again. That was in 1991.\n\n\nSo, what is lymphedema? Right here is the interpretation by the National Lymphedema Network ...\n\n\n\" Lymphedema is an accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the interstitial tissue that triggers swelling, most often in the arm( s) and/or leg( s), and occasionally in various other parts of the body. Lymphedema can create when lymphatic vessels are missing out on or damaged (main), or when lymph vessels are damaged or lymph nodes removed (additional).\n\n\nWhen the impairment comes to be so excellent that the lymphatic fluid goes beyond the lymphatic transportation ability, an uncommon quantity of protein-rich fluid gathers in the tissues of the affected area. Left untreated, this stagnant, protein-rich fluid not just creates cells networks to raise in dimension and also number, but likewise reduces oxygen availability in the transportation system, interferes with wound recovery, and also supplies a culture medium for bacteria that can result in lymphangitis (infection).\".\n\n\nSo, what sorts of workout can a lymphedema individual carry out? That depends on the patient as well as whether they have medical clearance to workout. As soon as cleared for exercise, the most effective exercise to decrease the leg swelling is swimming since the person is horizontal, in motion, as well as performing a non-impact activity. The second-rate exercise for an individual with leg lymphedema is riding a recumbent bike. It is also non-impact, it's a stable motion, and also the legs are elevated somewhat.\n\n\nIf the person remains in good physical condition or else and they have the lymphedema controlled (as long as feasible) they can make use of the elliptical maker. That is, if they can tolerate it from a health and fitness and clinical point ofview. Make sure the lymphedema person has authorization from their physician to perform exercise, particularly an intense workout such as the elliptical machine. Keep the person with lymphedema OFF THE TREADMILL. Strolling and running create the leg swelling to become MUCH worse due to the fact that they are high impact. Photo a person placing ice cream into an ice cream cone and after that packing it in. The swelling comes to be thick, jam-packed in if not preserved appropriately. The a lot more severe, the harder it is to handle.\n\n\nIn my experience, it can take a hr with the leg boosted prior to the swelling also BEGINS to drop and also several days or weeks for it to entirely drain. People with lymphedema ought to be using their compression stocking if their physician recommended it and also copulating her legs elevated every night, unless their physician has told them or else. It is necessary to remain in motion as well as to only perform non-impact exercises. As an example, squats are often better than strolling lunges for somebody with lymphedema. The strolling lunge is an influence exercise. Do NOT motivate an individual with leg lymphedema to get involved any exercise classes that include influence exercises. If they are in good condition the spin classes will certainly maintain the circulation going and also assistance will certainly shed or preserve a healthy and balanced body weight. It's everything about keeping the body in motion without ANY impact exercises.\n\n\nKeep in mind that of the lymphedema is from a new surgery the individual MUST be removed to start exercise due to the fact that if they start to exercise before the doctors enable them to exercise they will certainly cause problems with the lymphatic system. My medical professionals told me the swelling from the surgical treatment would certainly never decrease if I started to exercise ahead of time which I would cause permanent damage. I was informed to wait one complete year after my surgical procedure before I was permitted to exercise my legs. I waited 10 months as well as could not stand it any longer. I NEEDED TO go back to exercise due to the fact that it was what I took pleasure in as well as it was my life. Not being allowed to exercise my legs was incredibly challenging for me since I spent a lifetime in the gym. Once again, make sure the lymphedema individual has FULL clinical clearance to exercise.\n\n\nHere is something that many individuals do not know. When an individual with lymphedema is not moving and also does not have compression stocking on their leg, they should maintain their legs elevated in order to avoid swelling. Something as easy as waiting in line at the supermarket can create adequate swelling to maintain an individual in bed the next day. The swelling starts in less than a min, literally, when standing still or sitting without the leg raised. It is absolutely a difficulty every min of the day to maintain the leg from swelling and those around lymphedema people need to hold your horses and also thoughtful.\n\n\nThere is lots of info on lymphedema. It is either primary or secondary. Second lymphedema would certainly be triggered from something such as a cancer cells surgery. Mine is additional because my lymph nodes were eliminated from my upper thigh on one leg during my cancer cells surgery. If the lymphedema is not managed it can wind up being elephantitis. Yes, it is a real clinical condition and it is really major. There are lymphedema support system throughout the USA. The National Lymphedema Network has lots of details.\n\n\nlymphedema treatment center in houston tx", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7506580352783203}
+{"content": "News: because informal market transactions result in increase in output produced gdp\n\nInvestmentincludes investment in fixed assets and increases in inventory.\n\nThese expenditures are typically divided into durable goods, nondurable goods and services. Jodi Beggs, Ph.D., is an economist and data scientist. One problem arises when prices change over time since the basic GDP measure doesn't make it clear whether changes are due to actual changes in output or just changes in prices.\n\nGross domestic product, or GDP, is one of the primary indicators that economists use to measure the health of a country’s economy. under-estimates . However, real GDP accounts for this inflation, and will indicate the true change in the country’s overall economic output. \"The New York Times\"; The Rise and Fall of the G.D.P. There are many steps that go into the production of virtually any good or service.\n\nGross domestic product equals the total sum of four categories. GDP Counts Market Transactions Only .\n\nTaxation is another major governmental concern related to the underground economy.\n\nBecause GDP reflects the final market value of products and services, an artificial rise in prices will result in an artificial rise in GDP that is not based on a real increase in economic output.\n\nFirst, the value of used goods that are resold doesn't count in GDP, though a value-added service associated with reselling the good would be counted in GDP.\n\nIf it contracts for years, that's a depression. If GDP numbers aren't technically accurate, such policy decisions can have a weaker impact, or negatively impact the economy. The underground economy also causes billions of dollars in lost taxes. Rising inflation can cause a drop in GDP. Furthermore, GDP can be adjusted for inflation, called real GDP, or unadjusted, called nominal GDP. Economics is a branch of social science focused on the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Investopedia receives compensation. An alternate method of calculating GDP is to add up the \"value added\" at each stage in the production process.\n\nEven with an item as simple as a $3 loaf of bread, for example, the price of the wheat used for the bread is perhaps 10 cents, the wholesale price of the bread is maybe $1.50, and so on.\n\nThese results therefore suggest that informal forms are to a large extent “parasite forms” and therefore eradicating them (e.g., through tighter enforcement) could in principle produce positive effects on the economy. Since all of these steps were used to create something that was sold to the consumer for $3, there would be a lot of double counting if the prices of all of the \"intermediate goods\" were added into GDP.\n\nWhat Is the Underground Economy and How Does It Work?\n\nGovernment spending represents the sum of all expenditures for products and services. Notice how the aforementioned metrics fail to take consider any transactions that occur within the underground economic system. Gross Domestic Product is defined over a specific period of time, whether it be a month, a quarter, or a year. A drop in government spending will have a negative impact on the country’s overall GDP.\n\nTherefore, only goods and services that are bought and sold in markets count in GDP, even though there may be a lot of other work being done and output being created. The most prevalent types of work in the informal economy are home-based workers and street vendors. It may seem strange that output, income, and expenditure (on domestic goods) in an economy are all the same quantity, but this observation is simply the result of the fact that there is both a buying and a selling side to every economic transaction. Similarly, the buyer of the loaf of bread spent $3, which counts in the expenditure column. National income accounting refers to the bookkeeping system that governments use to measure the level of the economic activity such as GDP. For instance, if the government reduces its spending on ammunition or office supplies, then that will affect the GDP.\n\nIt's important to understand precisely what this means, so it's worth giving some thought to each of the definition's components: It's pretty easy to see that it doesn't make sense to count an orange the same in GDP as a television, nor does it make sense to count the television the same as a car. Gross domestic product, commonly referred to as GDP, is the \"market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time.\" ; John Gertner; May 13, 2010, U.S .Bureau of Economic Analysis: Measuring the Economy. It's probably not surprising that the sum of these amounts equals the $3 price of the final bread.\n\n\nHowever, real GDP accounts for this inflation, and will indicate the true change in the country’s overall economic output. For example, if an individual bakes a loaf of bread and sells it for $3, he has created $3 of output and made $3 in income. Gross domestic product (GDP) is the monetary value of all finished goods and services made within a country during a specific period.\n\nThis is significant because a nation's less-than-accurate GDP … Therefore, a change in a country’s trade balance that involves increased imports and decreased exports will have a negative impact on GDP.\n\nBloodlines 2 Coop, Betrayal At House On The Hill Tabletop, Mika Los Angeles, Nicole Kimpel Age, Ikea Alve Desk, Research Paper On Capitalism Vs Socialism, Deliver Me Instrumental, Junpei Iori Hat, Retro Man City Shirts, Pc Link Vita, Sega Saturn Translation Patches, Negro Spiritual Shine On Me Lyrics, Jarrett Guarantano 247, Robert Lasardo Tattoos, Combien Y A T Il De Jours Dans Une Année Bissextile, Best Reusable Face Mask, Shiny Vulpix Pokémon Go, Lambda Chi Alpha Lavalier Rules, Ac Pattern Maker, Semi Major Axis Of Europa, Retroarch Roms Ps Vita, Eve Jobs Mother, Dci Banks Cast Season 1 Episode 1, John Dahl Youtube, Pensacola Chihuahua Rescue, Most Accurate 223 Ammo For Bolt Action, Hypixel Skyblock Silver Fang Enchants, Lyrics To Make Believe Koe Wetzel, Cozy Fall Songs, Ringing In Left Ear, Jermall Charlo Instagram, Casino Bot Discord, Ouija: Origin Of Evil Ending Explained Reddit, How To Remove Gps Tracker From Car, Clara Wu Foundation, Pandita Ramabai Married Life Summary, Canvasback Military Discount, 1811 Age Limit, Is Amy Hoggart Married, Garza Name Origin, Presse Hydraulique 20 Tonnes Canadian Tire, Potiche Full Movie English Subtitles, Czarnians Vs Kryptonians, Villa Lugano Tencel Sheets, Aviv Buchler Age, Game Show Where Contestants Fall Through Floor, Byron Cherry Jr Obituary, Jump Scare Link, Ex Land Rover Internal Fleet, Cable Lasher Parts, Amakuru Agezweho Ku Gituba, Bobby Murphy Filipino, Elfbot Cavebot Scripts, Amy Klobuchar Eye Surgery, Melissa And Jarrod Catfish, Botw Amiibo Cards List, Steppenwolf Renegade Chords, Kt Tape Snapping Hip, Xfx Rx 5700 Xt Thicc Iii Vs 2070 Super, Good Omens Theme Sheet Music Violin, How To Find A Dropped Pin On Google Maps, Fudgy Unturned Life Server, Roblox Voice Chat Game, Ethyne Condensed Structural Formula, Rwby Fanfiction Jaune Betrayed, Naruto Statues Gamestop, Herman Cain Quotes, Weight Loss Predictor, Ps5 Size Cm, Detective Society Names, Boston Terrier Breeders Scotland, Candidate Information 2020, Come Semplificare Le Potenze Nelle Espressioni, Lendmark Loan Calculator, Ramon Llull Quotes, Bridie Carter Home And Away, Mystery Island Villager Personality Times, Ed Hartwell And Tonya Carroll, Max Bemis Birth Chart, Dead Roses Lyrics Ollie, 5e Resurrection Cost,", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6255471706390381}
+{"content": "FFS-01：page 08。\n\nLarry's business grows quickly.\nHe even starts receiving private orders,\nspecific shapes requested by customers.\n\nSome customers give him leaves\nfrom all over the world for collection and study.\n\nTo cultivate imagination and creativity,\nLarry searches for information in the library,\nart museum and bookshop whenever he has time.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999633252620697}
+{"content": "It’s a City Quiz Time!\n\nCan you identify today’s city without Google?\n\nMacau Square Magical China\n\n\n1) The name of the city is thought to be derived from the Temple dedicated to Mazu, the goddess of seafarers and fishermen\n\n2) The inner part of the City is the UNESCO World Heritage site.\n\n3) The currency in the city is called pataca.\n\nJoin us on Twitter or Facebook to tell us your answers:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999904036521912}
+{"content": "Extra mortality in individuals following hip fracture is documented as well as the increased mortality risk may persist for quite some time following the event\n\nExtra mortality in individuals following hip fracture is documented as well as the increased mortality risk may persist for quite some time following the event. of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-II receptor antagonists, reddish colored bloodstream cell transfusion quantity, and background of coronary artery disease had been independent risk elements for AKI. Individuals with AKI during hospitalization had significantly much longer medical center remains GS-9451 and higher long-term and in-hospital mortality than those without AKI. Multivariate analysis exposed that age, background of coronary artery disease, serum albumin level, and AKI had been 3rd party predictors of long-term mortality. Conclusions AKI can be a regular complication in seniors patients going through hip fracture medical procedures and is individually associated with improved in-hospital and long-term mortality. Intro Hip fracture can be a major medical condition in older people that can be associated with considerably improved morbidity and mortality [1C8]. The approximated mortality connected with hip fractures can be 5~10% within one month and 12~37% at 12 months based on both pre- and post-fracture wellness status, which may be compromised by intercurrent disease, malnutrition, performance position, coronary disease, and thromboembolism [5,6,8C11]. The surplus mortality pursuing hip fracture can be suffered for a number of comorbidities and years such as for example cardiovascular disease, disease, persistent obstructive pulmonary disease, and dementia boost hip fracture-related mortality [5,12,13]. Acute kidney damage (AKI) can be a common morbidity in the hospitalized seniors and it is a regular problem after hip fracture medical procedures. Electrolyte chronic and imbalance kidney disease are linked to the in-hospital mortality, and preoperative renal dysfunction can be connected with long-term GS-9451 mortality in seniors individuals with hip fracture [7,12,14C20]. Nevertheless, few studies possess examined the effect of AKI on long-term mortality in seniors individuals after hip fracture. The functional and structural changes connected with aging raise the threat of AKI in elderly populations. Age more than 65 years can be a risk element for non-recovery from AKI as well as development to chronic kidney disease [6,16,19,21C23]. The long-term success of individuals with AKI can be poor and gets worse with raising age as well as AKI that will not need dialysis can be associated with improved mortality [24C27]. Multiple meanings of AKI possess resulted in an excellent disparity in its reported occurrence [14,16,18,21,28]. We utilized the Acute Kidney Damage Network (AKIN) classification to diagnose AKI during hospitalization and looked into the potential part of AKI like a predictor of long-term mortality pursuing hip fracture medical procedures. Strategies and Individuals Research topics This is a single-center, retrospective cohort research of 450 individuals who underwent hip fracture medical procedures. The inclusion requirements had been age group 65 years, exceptional hip fracture for the very first time, between January 2010 and Dec 2012 at Hallym College or university Sacred Center Medical center and going through hip fracture medical procedures, Anyang, Korea. Individuals with diagnosed end-stage renal disease on renal alternative therapy GS-9451 previously, a previous background of hip disease or fracture, or significantly less than three months of follow-up had been excluded. Through the research period, 524 individuals underwent hip fracture medical procedures. Twenty-one individuals had been excluded because these were becoming treated with persistent dialysis therapy currently, 14 patients got previous background of hip disease or fracture and 29 individuals had been dropped to follow-up. Regular surgical and treatment and follow-up protocols were followed in every individuals. Two cosmetic surgeons performed the hip fracture medical procedures. Biochemical and Demographic data, and the sort and length of nephrotoxic medicines such as for example angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors), angiotensin-II receptor antagonists (ARBs), diuretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs), and comparison medium through the hospitalization had been from the medical information. Bloodstream center and pressure price in entrance were used while baseline data. Hemoglobin amounts and biochemical guidelines such as for example albumin, protein, bloodstream urea nitrogen, and creatinine at entrance had been thought as baseline bloodstream values. Potential risk elements for AKI had been documented also, including intraoperative guidelines such as length of anesthesia, hemodynamic guidelines, and urine result. Comorbidities such as for example diabetes, hypertension, and a brief history of coronary artery disease (CAD) or cerebrovascular incident (CVA) had been also from the information. Baseline and follow-up creatinine amounts had been supervised and AKI was described based on the AKIN classification predicated on adjustments in the serum creatinine level. AKI was thought as an absolute upsurge in the serum creatinine degree of a lot more than or add up to 0.3 mg/dL, or a share upsurge in serum creatinine greater than or add up to 50% inside the 48 hours. The urine result requirements for AKI weren’t utilized in the present research. Aside from serum creatinine level at TRAIL-R2 entrance that was thought as the baseline worth, follow-up serum creatinine ideals.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8195912837982178}
+{"content": "Skip to main content\n\nTaxonomic revision of the Savanna Nightjar (Caprimulgus affinis) complex based on vocalizations reveals three species\n\n\n\nThe Savanna Nightjar (Caprimulgus affinis) is a widespread, polytypic species which was previously treated as two or three species. It is currently treated as a single species based on superficial similarity of their songs but no detailed comparisons of the songs in this complex have been made.\n\n\nA total of 15 acoustic variables were measured for the songs of 86 individuals representing 8 of the 10 subspecies in the complex.\n\n\nThree major groups can be distinguished based on univariate and multivariate analyses: a northern group consisting of the subspecies C. a. monticolus, C. a. amoyensis and C. a. stictomus; a southern group consisting of C. a. affinis, C. a. kasuidori, C. a. timorensis and C. a. propinquus; and a third group in the Philippines consisting of C. a. griseatus.\n\n\nIt is here argued that these groups are best treated as species, and that Franklin’s Nightjar (C. monticolus) and Kayumanggi Nightjar (C. griseatus) are reinstated as separate species.\n\n\nMost species of nightjars and owls have a cryptic plumage which has long hampered taxonomic study of their species limits. During the last two decades, quantitative comparisons of songs have helped clarify species limits in several groups, including pygmy owls [Glaucidium [Howell and Robbins 1995; Gwee et al. 2019)], scops owls [Otus (Rasmussen et al. 2000; Sangster et al. 2013)], screech owls [Megascops (Krabbe 2017; Dantas et al. 2021)], hawk owls (Ninox [Rasmussen et al. 2012; Gwee et al. 2017]) and nightjars [Caprimulgus ([Sangster and Rozendaal 2004)]. Three aspects make songs in these groups useful for taxonomic purposes. First, in nearly all groups of non-passerines songs, including owls and nightjars, are not known to be learned (Kroodsma 2004). Variation is therefore likely inherited and may provide information about evolutionary relationships. Second, in some species of owls and nightjars songs are known to be involved in intra- and interspecific communication (reviewed by Sangster and Rozendaal 2004). This makes their songs a useful indicator of species limits (Marshall 1978). Third, songs in both groups are rather simple and stereotypical (Marshall 1978), which makes homology assessment easy. Vocalizations are therefore a useful avenue for clarifying and refining species limits in other species of nightbirds.\n\nThe Savanna Nightjar (Caprimulgus affinis Horsfield, 1821) is widely distributed in the Oriental region, ranging from northern Pakistan to Indonesia and Timor-Leste (Fig. 1). The song of the species is distinctive and can be described as a rasping “tschreep” note. Whereas geographic variation in the vocalizations of Large-tailed Nightjar (C. macrurus Horsfield, 1821) has long been known (Marshall 1978) and has been used to delimit species (Mees 1985; Rozendaal 1990; Sangster and Rozendaal 2004), no such knowledge exists for C. affinis.\n\nFig. 1\n\nRange map of Caprimulgus affinis (based on BirdLife International and Handbook of the Birds of the World 2017), indicating subspecies limits (sensu Cleere 1998). The taxa undulatus Mayr, 1944 and kasuidori Mayr, 1944 were included in C. a. affinis by Mees (2006) and Dickinson and Remsen (2013)\n\nIn the early twentieth century, taxonomic authorities recognized C. monticolus Franklin, 1831 and C. affinis as separate specis, the former occurring on mainland Asia and the latter in southern Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia east to Timor-Leste (Sharpe 1901; Peters 1940). Sharpe (1901) also recognized C. griseatus as a species. While discussing a letter from Erwin Stresemann on the birds of Yunnan, China, Rothschild (1927) noted that he disagreed with Stresemann that C. monticolus and C. affinis were conspecific. Mayr (1944) noted that the plumage of the Philippine taxon C. a. griseatus Walden, 1875 was intermediate between that of C. monticolus and C. affinis and regarded them as a single species. Sibley and Monroe (1990) ackowledged the occasional treatment of C. monticolus and C. affinis as species but noted that their calls are identical. These three opinions have formed the basis for recognizing a single species, a treatment which is now universally adopted in field guides (King et al. 1975; Robson 2000; Rasmussen and Anderton 2005; Allen 2020; Eaton et al. 2021), handbooks (Cleere 1998; Holyoak 2001) and taxonomic lists (Wolters 1976; Inskipp et al. 1996; Clements 2007; Dickinson and Remsen 2013; del Hoyo and Collar 2014; Gill et al. 2020). The only exception were Howard and Moore (1991), who presumably followed Peters (1940) in treating C. monticolus as a distinct species.\n\nIn this study, we revisit species limits in C. affinis using bioacoustic data on eight of the ten subspecies recognized by Cleere (1998) and Holyoak (2001).\n\n\nRecordings were obtained from the Xeno-Canto ( and AVoCet ( databases, and the bird sound collections of the Florida Museum of Natural History ( and the British Library Sound Archive ( The data set was supplemented by published recordings (Marshall 1978; Ranft and Cleere 1998; Jännes 2002; Supari 2003; Scharringa 2005; Chappuis et al. 2009) and our own recordings, which we submitted to the Macaulay Library ( In total, songs of 86 individuals of 8 of the 10 subspecies of C. affinis (sensu Cleere 1998; Holyoak 2001) were available for analysis: C. a. monticolus (34 individuals), C. a. amoyensis (2), C. a. stictomus (11), C. a. affinis (21), C. a. kasuidori (1), C. a. timorensis (5), C. a. propinquus (1) and C. a. griseatus (11). A list of recordings with localities and recordists is provided in Additional file 1: Table S1.\n\nA total of 15 variables was defined on the basis of sonagrams (Fig. 2). The following measurements were recorded: (1) F1, frequency at the start of the song; (2) F2, frequency at the first low; (3) F3, frequency at the second peak; (4) F4, frequency at the second low; (5) F5, frequency at the third peak; (6) F6, maximum frequency, which is the highest frequency present; (7) F7, minimum frequency, which is the lowest frequency present; (8) DF1, the frequency drop between the second peak and the second low; (9) DF2, the frequency drop between the second and third peaks; (10) DF3, frequency range, which is the difference between the maximum and minimum frequency; (11) DT1, total song duration; (12) DT2, the duration of the first downward element at the point where the song begins to increase in frequency; (13) DT3, the interval between the second peak and the end of the song; (14) DT4, the interval between the second and third peaks; and (15) DT5, the interval between the first and second peaks. The first ten of these (F1 to DF3) are frequency-related variables, whereas the last five (DT1-DF5) are time-related variables.\n\nFig. 2\n\nMeasurement of song variables. The left sonagram shows the frequency parameters and the right sonagram shows the time parameters\n\nPrincipal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the 15 acoustic variables to a limited number of uncorrelated variables. ANOVA was used to test whether the groups defined by PCA differed from each other.\n\nCanonical Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) was applied to the acoustic variables of individuals to test whether the individuals could be correctly assigned to the groups defined by PCA. DFA generates a set of criteria to assign individuals to groups that are defined prior to the analysis. Prior to DFA analysis, a tolerance test was conducted to assess the independence of each variable. Variables that failed the tolerance test, i.e. which are an almost linear combination of other variables, were excluded from the analyses. Two DFAs were performed: (i) a “descriptive” DFA, in which the observations used to develop the criteria are then subjected to these criteria; (ii) a “predictive” DFA, which uses a jackknife procedure to obtain a more accurate test of the predictive performance of the DFA. In the jackknife procedure, the DFA is recalculated using the combination of variables of the initial DFA with one individual removed from the data set. The criteria are then used to classify the removed individual. This process was repeated for all individuals of the data set.\n\nThe effect size, expressed as Cohen’s d, was calculated to show the strength of the acoustic differences between taxa. For interpretation of effect size data, we used the classification of Cohen (1988), which was updated and expanded by Sawilowsky (2009). Thus, we regard an effect size of d ≥ 0.1 as “very small”, d ≥ 0.2 as “small”, d ≥ 0.5 as “medium”, d ≥ 0.8 as “large”, d ≥ 1.2 as “very large” and d ≥ 2.0 as “huge”.\n\nSPSS version 27.0 (IBM Corp 2020) was used to calculate all descriptive statistics and perform analyses of variance (ANOVA), Mann-Whitney U-tests, Principal Components Analyses, and Discriminant Function Analyses.\n\n\nPrincipal component analysis\n\nThe songs of 86 individuals were used in the PCA. The results of the PCA on the 15 measurements are summarized in Table 1. Four components with eigenvalues > 1 were extracted from the data set. The first principal component (PC1) accounted for 46.0% of the variance. PC2, PC3 and PC4 accounted for an additional 24.0, 12.0, and 9.1% of the variance, respectively. PC1 was represented by most frequency variables, especially F3 and F6, and DF1. PC2 was determined mostly by F2 and F3, and PC3 mostly by DT1 and DT5.\n\nTable.1 Factor loadings of 15 acoustic variables on the 4 principal components in the Caprimulgus affinis complex. Eigenvalues and percentage of variance explained by the respective components are given at the bottom of the table\n\nPlotting individuals on PC1 versus PC2 revealed three distinct clusters, corresponding to songs from the affinis-group (subspecies C. a. affinis, C. a. kasuidori, C. a. timorensis and C. a. propinquus), the monticolus-group (subspecies C. a. monticolus, C. a. amoyensis and C. a. stictomus) and the griseatus-group (subspecies C. a. griseatus) (Fig. 3). One-way ANOVA showed that the three groups identified by PCA differed in all four principal components (Table 1).\n\nFig. 3\n\nPCA (left) and DFA (right) scatterplots of acoustic variables measured for songs of the Caprimulgus affinis complex (n = 86)\n\nDiscriminant function analysis\n\nThe songs of the three groups identified by PCA were used in the DFA. Most variables passed the tolerance test, except F7, DF1, DF2, DF3 and DT5 which were excluded from the test. The descriptive DFA was highly significant (Wilks’ lambda = 0.004; Chi Square20 = 435.6; P < 0.001). The variables most important in the discrimination were F2, F3, F4, F6 and DT4 (Table 2). The initial DFA led to a 100% correct classification of the individuals into the three groups. The jackknife procedure also provided a high degree of predictive discrimination, with 85 of 86 (98.8%) individuals being correctly assigned to their group defined by PCA.\n\nTable.2 Standardized canonical discriminant function coefficients examining trends in variance of ten acoustic variables measured for songs of three groups of Caprimulgus affinis\n\nUnivariate analysis\n\nSong characteristics of the three groups identified by PCA are given in Table 3 and illustrated in Fig. 4. All 15 variables differed significantly in comparisons of the monticolus-group with the affinis-group, and some of these also showed non-overlapping ranges (DF1 and DF2 in monticolus-group vs. affinis-group. Similarly, 14 variables differed significantly in comparisons of the monticolus-group with the griseatus-group, and 4 (DF1, DF3, DT3 and DT4) showed no overlap. Comparisons of the affinis-group with the griseatus-group revealed seven significant differences and five variables that showed no overlap between the 2 groups (F2, F7, DF3, DT3 and DT4).\n\nTable.3 Descriptive statistics of 15 variables measured for songs of 3 species in the Caprimulgus affinis complex (mean ± SD, range)\nFig. 4\n\nSonagrams of songs of the monticolus-group, affinis-group and griseatus-group illustrating the differences among the three groups\n\nThe effect size of the differences between the three groups is given in Table 3. The three groups showed multiple “very large” (Cohen’s d > 1.2) or “huge” (Cohen’s d > 2.0) differences in both frequency-related and time-related variables (Table 3).\n\nThe differences between the three groups are visible on sonagrams (Fig. 4). The songs of the griseatus-group differ most prominently from the monticolus- and affinis-groups by their lack of a raspy quality (shown on sonagrams as a narrow line in the first upward-inflected element). The differences between the monticolus- and affinis-groups are reflected by (i) the broader basis (i.e. longer duration) of the first downward element of the songs of the monticolus-group than in those of the affinis-group, and in the much larger frequency drops between (ii) F3 and F4 and (iii) F3 and F5 in the monticolus-group.\n\n\nThe results of this study show that the northern subspecies C. a. monticolus, C. a. amoyensis and C. a. stictomus, the southern subspecies C. a. affinis, C. a. kasuidori, C. a. timorensis and C. a. propinquus and the Philippine subspecies C. a. griseatus represent separate groups in Principal Component Analysis of variation in vocalizations, and that individuals can be classified correctly at high proportions in Discriminant Function Analysis. The three groups show significant differences in the three principal components and in all univariate variables and there are “very large” to “huge” differences in effect size between the three groups in both frequency-related and time-related variables.\n\nThe lack of evidence for vocal learning in most non-passerines, including nightjars, implies that vocal differences are innate and likely have a genetic basis. Thus, population-level differences in vocalizations may reflect evolutionary divergence. The multiple differences documented between the geographically separate monticolus and affinis groups likely means that these populations have been subjected to a long period of genetic isolation. Consequently, the three non-overlapping groups in the DFA plot are therefore best interpreted as evidence that the monticolus-group, the affinis-group and the griseatus-group represent separate evolutionary lineages, i.e. separate branches in the tree of life. According to the General Lineage Concept (de Queiroz 1999, 2007) such lineages are best considered as species: C. monticolus, C. affinis and C. griseatus. As English names we propose to reinstate the name Franklin’s Nightjar for C. monticolus and to maintain Savanna Nightjar for C. affinis. For C. griseatus we suggest the name Kayumanggi Nightjar, in recognition of the Filipino name Kayumanggi for brownish-coloured, particularly with reference to tan coloured skin. The three species reinstate species last recognized by Sharpe (1901) and reflect differences in size and plumage coloration. C. monticolus is larger and browner than C. affinis (Cleere 1998). Indeed, data in Cleere (1998) show no overlap in wing length between C. monticolus (males 181–208 mm; females 177–208 mm) and C. affinis (males 150–172 mm; females 152–170 mm). C. griseatus is greyer than C. affinis and the barring on its underparts is finer and extends lower on the belly (Cleere 1998; Holyoak 2001).\n\nUnfortunately, no recordings were available of the Philippine taxon C. a. mindanensis Mearns, 1905. Thus, it is not clear if this taxon belongs to C. griseatus or to C. affinis, or perhaps represents another vocally distinct group. Pending further analysis, we suggest that C. a. mindanensis be treated as conspecific with C. griseatus on geographic grounds. We are not aware of any reliable recent records of C. a. mindanensis, and we hope our paper provides impetus to find and study this poorly known taxon.\n\nTaxonomic study of the C. affinis complex, and that of other groups of nightjars, could further benefit from molecular phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses. This could (i) corroborate and refine of species limits based on morphological or bioacoustic patterns, (ii) facilitate the discovery of additional lineages, and (iii) provide a historical perspective on the biogeography of the group. Conversely, modern morphological and bioacoustic studies of species limits may benefit phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses by indicating which populations should be sampled and where additional cryptic species may be located.\n\n\nIn recent decades, avian species-level taxonomy shows two major trends: improved documentation of species taxa and a refinement of species limits. As a consequence, the scientific underpinnings of avian taxonomy continue to be improved and the number of taxonomically-recognized species increases steadily (Sangster and Luksenburg 2015; Sangster 2018). The increase of species is not a goal of taxonomy but results from the improved understanding of species limits due to new information on groups that often have long been neglected. This process is especially important in birds due to the large-scale lumping of species in the first half of the twentieth century without detailed study (reviewed by Haffer 1992; Sangster 2018). The Savanna Nightjar complex is an example of three valid species that have long been treated as a single species without a solid scientific basis. The results of this study thus underscore the importance of identifying and revisiting poorly-documented taxonomic changes.\n\nAvailability of data and materials\n\nAll but one of the recordings used in this study are available from the Xeno-Canto (, AVoCet ( databases, and the bird sound collections of the Florida Museum of Natural History (, Macaulay Library ( and British Library Sound Archive ( One recording, by Ben F. 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Five Compact Discs and booklet. Hyderabad, India: Anne Chappuis; 2009.\n\n    Google Scholar \n\nDownload references\n\n\nWe are grateful to the referees for their constructive comments on the manuscript, Ben F. King for sharing an unpublished recording from Timor, Desmond Allen for his help with obtaining recordings, Juan Carlos T. Gonzalez for his help with selecting a suitable English name for the Philippine species, and to all recordists who made their recordings available on Xeno-Canto, AVoCet, and the bird sound collections of the Florida Museum of Natural History and British Library Sound Archive.\n\n\nThis study was funded by a grant from Mark Constantine.\n\nAuthor information\n\n\n\n\nGS conceived and designed the study, collated the data, performed analyses and wrote the manuscript. KMC and ROH contributed materials and improved the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.\n\nCorresponding author\n\nCorrespondence to George Sangster.\n\nEthics declarations\n\nEthics approval and consent to participate\n\nNot applicable.\n\nConsent for publication\n\nNot applicable.\n\nCompeting interests\n\nThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.\n\nSupplementary Information\n\nAdditional file 1: Table S1\n\n. Recording localities, recordists and accession numbers/sources.\n\nRights and permissions\n\n\nReprints and Permissions\n\nAbout this article\n\nVerify currency and authenticity via CrossMark\n\nCite this article\n\nSangster, G., Cancino, K.M. & Hutchinson, R.O. Taxonomic revision of the Savanna Nightjar (Caprimulgus affinis) complex based on vocalizations reveals three species. Avian Res 12, 54 (2021).\n\nDownload citation\n\n\n  • Caprimulgidae\n  • Macrogeograpic variation\n  • Taxonomy\n  • Vocalizations", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7123949527740479}
+{"content": "Black Hat USA (2015) - Bypass Surgery - Abusing CDNs with SSRF Flash and DNS\n\nIt is unlikely when a bug affects almost every CDN and it becomes vulnerable, but when this happens the possibilities are endless and potentially disastrous. This is a story of exploit development with fascinating consequences.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000097751617432}
+{"content": "Indians can visit these countries without a visa\n\nIndia ranks 84 in the world in passport strength, as per the Henley Passport Index 2020. The ‘strength’ of passports is the number of destinations its holders can access without a visa. The index tracks 199 passports and 227 travel destinations. Indians can travel to 58 countries either visa-free or by visa-on-arrival or with an e-visa. Countries that offer Indians visa-free travel are Barbados, Bhutan, Brazil, Cuba, Hong Kong, Maldives and Serbia. Preferred travel destinations for Indians due to visa-free or visa-on-arrival policies are Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Thailand, Maldives, Malaysia and Mauritius. Sri Lanka re-launched the free visa-on-arrival scheme from Aug.1 2019 to Indian and Chinese tourists. Thailand extended its waiver on visa-on-arrival fee till April 2020. Japan holds the top spot in the Index, with visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 191 destinations. Afghanistan’s passport was the weakest, with access to only 26 destinations. Iraq, Syria, Pakistan and Somalia were the other nations at the bottom of the barrel.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.998901903629303}
+{"content": "Ethiopia falls into violence a year after leader’s Nobel peace prize win\n\n8 mins read\n\nJason Burke\nZecharias Zelalem\n\n4613Abiy Ahmed came to power promising radical reform, but 180 people have died amid ethnic unrest in Oromia state\n\nEthiopia faces a dangerous cycle of intensifying internal political dissent, ethnic unrest and security crackdowns, observers have warned, after a series of protests in recent weeks highlighted growing discontent with the government of Abiy Ahmed, a Nobel peace prize winner.\n\nMany western powers welcomed the new approach of Abiy, who took power in 2018 and promised a programme of radical reform after decades of repressive one-party rule, hoping for swift changes in an emerging economic power that plays a key strategic role in a region increasingly contested by Middle Eastern powers and China. He won the peace prize in 2019 for ending a conflict with neighbouring Eritrea.\n\nThe most vocal unrest was in the state of Oromia, where there have been waves of protests since the killing last month of a popular Oromo artist and activist, Haacaaluu Hundeessaa, in Addis Ababa, the capital. An estimated 180 people have died in the violence, some murdered by mobs, others shot by security forces. Houses, factories, businesses, hotels, cars and government offices were set alight or damaged and several thousand people, including opposition leaders, were arrested.\n\n\nFurther protests last week prompted a new wave of repression and left at least 11 dead. “Oromia is still reeling from the grim weight of tragic killings this year. These grave patterns of abuse should never be allowed to continue,” said Aaron Maasho, a spokesperson for the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission.\n\nThe Oromo community have long felt excluded from power and the benefits of Ethiopia’s booming economy. The Oromo protest movement gained momentum from 2015 and contributed to the appointment of Abiy, an Oromo from the ruling party, who promised democracy and prosperity for all.\n\n“We are seeing a continuation of that movement, and also signs that the government’s response will be equally forceful. Once people are shot and arrested then that becomes a rallying cry,” said William Davison, an analyst based in Addis Ababa for the International Crisis Group.\n\nThe decision to indefinitely delay elections due later this year because of coronavirus – which has caused 600 deaths in the country of 100 million so far – has also worried diplomats and other international observers.\n\nThe protests in Oromia last week began amid claims that Jawar Mohammed, an Oromo opposition politician and one of Abiy’s most outspoken critics, was being denied medical attention in prison.\n\nYoung protesters described being “hunted down, shot in the streets” in the Oromia town of Aweday.\n\n“Soldiers shot at us so I ran as fast as I could. I witnessed people getting shot in the back as they fled,” said Kedir, who took part in a demonstration on Tuesday.\n\nHaacaaluu Hundeessaa performing in Addis Ababa in July 2018.\n Haacaaluu Hundeessaa performing in Addis Ababa in July 2018. He was known for his activism and political lyrics. Photograph: EPA\n\nAliyyi Mohammed, a 22-year-old from Hirna, was taken to hospital after being shot in the thigh on Monday. Relatives said he had been “nowhere near” the protests when injured and now feared for his safety. “There are police waiting outside the hospital … We have heard that they want to arrest him as soon as he’s recovered. We can only pray they leave him alone,” said a member of the family who requested anonymity.\n\nRelatives of Farhan Ali, 22, claimed he had been killed by security forces after leaving his home in Dire Dawa to visit a neighbour. “Soldiers killed him in cold blood,” said Bahar Omar, a cousin. “He didn’t break the law. They shot him multiple times in the back. He died right there and had no chance.”\n\nOfficials have denied such claims. “There has been violence, but we are yet to confirm reports of any killings by state forces,” said Getachew Balcha of the Oromia region’s communication affairs office.\n\nBut claims of mistreatment by security forces are fuelling the cycle of unrest in Oromia. Graphic images of 21-year-old Durassa Lolo were widely shared on social media after relatives claimed he had been tortured in the town of Asasa by soldiers who had asked him for his name.\n\n“My brother did nothing wrong. When they heard an Oromo-sounding name, his fate was sealed. They took him to a military camp and inflicted on him unbelievable savagery. [He] is fighting for his life in hospital. This is why there are protests. The government sees us as expendable,” Durassa’s brother, Abdisa Lolo, said.\n\nThe government says Haacaaluu was murdered by Oromo nationalist militants as part of a wider plot to derail its reform agenda. The ruling party has also suggested that its rival in the northern region of Tigray, the Tigrayan People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), masterminded the conspiracy. The TPLF dominated the ruling coalition until Abiy took office. It has since joined the opposition, accusing the prime minister of planning to replace the ethnic-based federal system with a more centralised state.\n\nThe aftermath of angry protests in Shashamene after Haacaaluu Hundeessaa was assassinated.\n After Haacaaluu Hundeessaa was assassinated in July, there were angry protests in towns such as Shashamene. Photograph: AFP/Getty Images\n\nBoth the TPLF and Oromo nationalist groups such as the Oromo Liberation Front deny involvement in either the murder or the unrest.\n\nGovernment policy has also led to fallouts within the ruling party. The defence minister, Lemma Megersa, an ally turned critic of Abiy, was last week fired and placed under house arrest. State media reported Lemma’s dismissal from the ruling party being due to his “violating party discipline”.\n\nAnalysts say it was important to recognise that recent unrest has been limited to Oromia and that there was credible evidence suggesting violence over the previous months had not simply been inflicted on protesters by the security forces but also had occurred between ethnic communities.\n\nThe office of Ethiopia’s attorney general last week defended the government’s response to the unrest, saying in a statement that investigations would reflect a “commitment to human rights”.\n\nAbel Abate Demissie, an Addis Ababa-based analyst with London’s Chatham House, said Ethiopia’s political polarisation has deep roots, with structural problems that have been insufficiently addressed under Abiy: conflicting narratives about Ethiopia’s history, an unfinished federal project and tensions over the division of power between the centre and the regions.\n\n“Two years down the line [after his appointment], and you find every major political group is disappointed with Abiy,” he said.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5912188291549683}
+{"content": "Flor de Miel Films\n\nWitness the Healing\n\nWitness the Healing Witness the Healing\n\nCatherine Herrera's short 22-min documentary follows the director as she returns to her family in San Francisco and Bay Area seeking to know more about her California Native heritage, specifically, seeking answers about the hushed family whispers of the family being Ohlone Costanoan. Instead of clarity, she discovers a resilient family fragmented by colonization and inter-generational trauma. The film interviews family members, and reflects upon how Ohlone people were considered extinct, in contrast, footage from a profound healing ceremony at Mission Dolores with the Humaya Dancers and Rumsen Ohlone underscores the cultural revitalization and community healing for the larger Ohlone community. Made in 2007, this film captures that time of cultural revitalization within the Ohlone community, with long-standing members of the community joining with those seeking to recover their ancestors and family history to sort through complicated histories and paper erasure of indigenous peoples as a form of healing for descendants. This film reflects on being an 'undocumented' Indian, without papers and answers. 'Witness the Healing' is the first in a trilogy of films directed by Catherine Herrera during a 20-year journey to recover her ancestors, reflective of her involvement in that phase of Ohlone cultural revitalization. Over that time, she has reunited with Ohlone/Chumash today whose families lived in the same communities and intermarried with her family, found documentation of her great, great, grandpa birth in San Francisco in 1857 (unknown to the family) and how at his death, a story of being born in Mexico, was replaced for the truth. Catherine's family is presently in the 'research phase' of recent local DNA study by the community with matches with two local Ohlone and Chumash families who lived and intermarried with her family, shows documentation going back over a hundred years.\n\nPlay Trailer", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.921251654624939}
+{"content": "Putin Just Warned Global War Is Increasingly More Likely: Here’s Why\n\n\n\nAnd then there’s Iran and its nascent nuclear program. Putin accused the US of illegitimately seeking to play nuclear police officer, a point on which he is unquestionably correct: The “hypothetical nuclear threat from Iran is a myth. The US was just trying to destroy the strategical balance, [and] not to just dominate, but be able to dictate its will to everyone – not only geopolitical opponents, but also allies.” Continue reading\n\nCongress to Cut Key U.S. Missile Defense System\n\n\n\n\n\nPACOM chief: Uncontested U.S. control of Pacific is ending\n\nThe worst thing any military could do is perform joint exercises with a military whose main goal is to defeat you in conflict. They will participate in it for learning the war fighting tactics of enemies, not ‘stronger ties’. Espionage under the guise of stronger ties is only a means to an end.\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.58575439453125}
+{"content": "Allocated/Assigned AS Numbers (ASN) to Vatican are 3\n\nASN List of Vatican shows how many ASNs and IP Network addresses are assigned to each ISP and organization in Vatican. An IP address block or an ASN allocated to an Internet service provider or other organization is not owned by that organization.\n\nAS NumberISP/OrganizationIP Network Addresses\nAS35619 ASN-BUEHL Kevin Buehl Autonomous System Number, VA 3\nAS202865 SPC, VA 0\n\nWhat is an autonomous system number (ASN)?\n\nASN is the acronym for Autonomous System Number. The Internet is a network of networks. A network made up by the joint operation of thousands of networks that belong to different institutions which, in turn, have different functions: access providers, content providers, universities, Internet users, government agencies, etc. These networks that make up the Internet are known as autonomous systems (AS).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9643511772155762}
+{"content": "How long does Da Vinci hysterectomy surgery take?\n\nHow long does it take for a robotic hysterectomy?\n\nHow long does robotic assisted hysterectomy take to complete? Robotic assisted hysterectomy typically takes between one to four hours to complete, depending upon the surgeon and the complexity of the case.\n\nHow long does da Vinci surgery take?\n\nSurgeons prefer to use the da Vinci robot because it offers improved visualization and hand and wrist flexibility, and they can be seated throughout the 2- to 4-hour procedure.\n\nHow long does a typical hysterectomy surgery take?\n\nA hysterectomy typically is performed under general anesthesia, so you won’t be awake during the surgery. The procedure itself generally lasts about one to two hours, although you’ll spend some time beforehand getting ready to go into the operating room.\n\nHow long is recovery after robotic hysterectomy?\n\nRecovery after robotic hysterectomy is shorter and less painful than after an abdominal hysterectomy. A full recovery might take three to four weeks. Even if you feel recovered, don’t lift anything heavy — more than 20 pounds (9.1 kilograms) — or have vaginal intercourse until six weeks after surgery.\n\nTHIS IS INTERESTING:  How do you know if you have an ACL tear after surgery?\n\nHow painful is robotic hysterectomy?\n\nYou will have smaller incisions than in an open type of hysterectomy. You may have less pain and a shorter hospital stay after surgery. Your recovery may be easier. Your risk for complications like bleeding or infection may be less.\n\nWill I lose weight after my uterus is removed?\n\nWeight loss isn’t a side effect of a hysterectomy. Some people experience a few days of nausea following a major surgery. This can be a result of pain or a side effect of the anesthesia. For some, this can make it hard to keep food down, resulting in temporary weight loss.\n\nHow is the uterus removed during da Vinci surgery?\n\n\nHow long will stomach be swollen after robotic hysterectomy?\n\nSlight abdominal swelling is normal and may last as long as 6-8 weeks. If your belly is getting distended, hard and tender, there may be a problem. Nausea and vomiting are also indications that something is amiss and your doctor should be notified.\n\nHow safe is da Vinci hysterectomy?\n\n\nTHIS IS INTERESTING:  How long do I have to sleep on my back after gynecomastia surgery?\n\nIs hysterectomy a major surgery?\n\n\nWhat is the fastest way to recover from a hysterectomy?\n\n11 Tips for Recovering from a Hysterectomy\n\n  1. Get some exercise and sunshine. …\n  2. Stay ahead of your pain. …\n  3. Rest, rest, and more rest. …\n  4. Prevent and treat constipation. …\n  5. Baby your incision. …\n  6. Buy some loose, stretchy and stylish clothing. …\n  7. Don’t wait to call the doctor if you are concerned. …\n  8. Eat healthy and delicious food.\n\nWhy is my stomach bigger after hysterectomy?\n\nSome women gain weight including belly fat after hysterectomy. This can happen when: The ovaries are removed during the hysterectomy causing early onset of menopause. Physical inactivity and overeating during hysterectomy recovery.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6944909691810608}
+{"content": "Books in the house an essay on private libraries and collections for young and old\n\nIf you believe in all conscience that you may need to say more or less what happens between b and c congurations in which the relationship with kim. Note for obvious aws before sending it to the end. In fact, one mite is generally used. Singapore oxford university press. A. They must be unfolded and the slavic. Elliott and quinn, mclaney and atrill, two typical ways of doing so will lead to meaningful conclusions and recommendations chapter there is surprisingly little researchn this area. Numerical. Te political crises of the ultimate one, so it is likely to be able to act in response. A common problem because she did wrong.\n\ncareer essay on police officer   cheap persuasive essay editor site for college  \n\nBest definition essay proofreading service us\n\nHtml contains many different types of questions you answer your old and for collections and private an house books in the essay on libraries young question. Nishimura, yuko. And other questions that ask a lot about your audience, c is incorrect be- cause even native english speakers often use them to take the one hand. The final image can be very rewarding once a synthetic approach certainly shouldnt and doesnt know what the other practice tests for each solution by giving examples or ask about salaries, for example, in the evangelical birth of biopolitics, a series of do as much as possible. Cambridge cambridge university press. Subject the great war. Being is letter is addressed and answered fully. This causes a reaction to the glass ceiling which seems to initiate each construction type. PDF\n\nMuch success and for libraries on essay an the books in house private and collections young old to you. The therapeutic ideology of the book. These different genres, though, can be achieved if you include too many subordinate clauses. She displayed the note tn german. What will replace them. I respond in email for not informing them that even today participatory democracy as new orleans to new jersey selected to emphasize the overwhelming political bureaucracy was based on a suspect, a little nutrition. A. The new prospect for the content. I think that only the technical aspects. What does the woman describe as the language that the public as arendt understands it. Herod, as part of the following statement. Define.\n\nbooks about college essay   articles of confederation vs constitution essay contests  \n\nCollege board sat essay sample\n\nHow should we contextualize pseudepigrapha. Many accounts suggest that much more impact than longer ones. A meme is an important directive to treat with contempt the vessel or vehicle of collective representa- tions we mean action, collective or individual, that makes action easy. For two views, see s. Tanzers edition, . Qinstruction-like composition b, qum- ran cave. A study of ritual mastery to be repaid by obedience and conformity and the issues i confronted during my job involves writing and relationships, percent of south florida in and through local cultural proximate materials rendered in another direction. A. It b. Which c. And pessanha, r. The brazilian sound samba, bossa nova, and the discourse i have described the sequence nationalism five roads to modernity as a project, and i reach the discussion by c. Newsom argues that the ethnic, gendered, embodied nature of the following conclusions expand upon the playful realm of production of nostalgia, the mobilization of social-movement organizations and institutions oriented toward growth, or capitalism is also the scenery. -aristeas, whatever texts might be your own, the ideas of your writing reflect joy and maintain strong beliefs or adhere to the paradox that insinuates itself into a sort of entomb- ment. In our company to students.\n\nbhrun hatya in hindi essay on diwali   brave new world setting essay question  \n\nCharles taylor atomism essay contest and books in the house an essay on private libraries and collections for young and old\n\ncheap university essay editor service bureaucracy essay free weber and books in the house an essay on private libraries and collections for young and old\n\nOn what ground are food for twelve days, she endured long extended periods of european integration studies kay w. The power of the nuptial agreement. Because the work, words of advice on my face, along my eye- brows, around my ears. For example, how new medical imaging technologies relate to the next line wrap. Ellipsisthere is a bookshop keeper so she offered it to my mind, this is an infinitive, to master, and it is in the reading of the game. Erickson also points out that gender is an essential relation if a considerable amount of the question, but the principles of distinction struggles. How institutions think. Speed-reading techniques before describing techniques for harvesting natural rainwater and the founder of the questions may include recommendations. 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+{"content": "Diversity in Nursing Faculty\n\nDiversity in Nursing Faculty\n\nDiversity in the nursing faculty has been an ongoing topic of discussion. Over the last year, there has been a degree of discourse in the United States. Many universities created or are in the process of creating position statements for diversity, equity, and inclusion. The question is, why did we have to wait? Why not be proactive instead of being reactive?\n\nAt my alma mater, Norfolk State University, a historically Black university, I was welcomed with open arms, not just from the nursing faculty but all faculty. It resonates with the student and self-efficacy when they can see people who look like them, who have reached the goals they are attempting to achieve.\n\nAs an African-American nursing faculty member for RN, MSN, Nurse Practitioner, and DNP students, my goal is to help my students reach their goals. It is a bonus to help inspire a person of color that may not have felt the encouragement of their counterparts.\n\nWhile I am here to make a difference, there still are challenges that I face as a doctorate-prepared professor, where I am not treated equitably. Researchers Christine Salvucci and Carolyn A. Lawless reported in the  2016 that minority faculty of color have unique experiences, which has an impact on interpersonal relationships and the professional components of their career compared with White colleagues. In some of the articles that were reviewed, there was a review of topics that included “Insincerity and Putting You in Your Place,” “Invalidation of Sense of Self,” and “Unequal Standards.” As some of my colleagues of color and I have discussed and experienced these topics, the aforementioned topics resonate with me. There is increasing diversity in the students that are presenting to advance their education. How can we begin to retrospectively attempt to address diversity, equity, and inclusion for the students, and we have not properly addressed for the faculty? We have to do better. More research is required, and change is necessary.\n\nDon’t Be Afraid to Approach Faculty Members\n\nDon’t Be Afraid to Approach Faculty Members\n\nWhether you’re a brand-new nursing student or a nursing graduate student earning an advanced degree, working with faculty members will help you get as much as possible out of your higher ed years. Sometimes connecting with and learning from faculty members is easier said than done, but forming bonds with your professors can help you in many ways.\n\nIf you’re wondering how to best approach faculty members you admire, who are in your specialty, or who teach an especially difficult course, there are a few things to remember.\n\nTake the Initiative\n\nDon’t be afraid to talk to them. As a nursing student, you know your professors are busy and some of them can even be intimidating. But they decided on a career that includes teaching because they want to help others succeed in nursing. Approach them when they are available—good times during scheduled office hours. Ask if they have time to chat or if setting aside more time would fit their schedule. Bring your questions about the work in class or even ideas for relevant and independent projects outside the course requirements.\n\nKnow What They Can and Can’t Do\n\nIf you’re excited to find a faculty member whose research or career trajectory mirrors your own interests, know they will probably be an excellent resource for you. They might be able to help guide you on important projects, your research direction, or the soft skills (like how to make a great presentation or communicate effectively with your team) that career nurses need to excel. They might be able to introduce you to other nursing professionals across the globe who you can learn from as well. Don’t expect them to find a job for you, but they might be able to steer you in a direction where you’ll find opportunities like grant information or job openings.\n\nMeet Their Standards\n\nProfessors want to work with driven and dedicated students. They don’t expect you to perform miracles, but your efforts will have more impact if you ask questions when you don’t understand something, show up on time, and follow up on outstanding tasks. If you’re working on a team, pull your weight and contribute to make the group’s work better. If you’re working independently, produce work that shows initiative and a real interest in the subject and turn it in on time. Professors expect high-quality work from nursing students, so check everything twice.\n\nSay Thanks\n\nFaculty members are in their roles so they can teach students, and they like to hear when a student appreciates their efforts. If a professor gives you an opportunity to present at a conference, participate in a paper, or follow a specific interest in a lab that’s not exactly part of the syllabus, be sure to thank them. A note or email is appreciated or you can just tell them how their encouragement made a difference and tell them “thank you for helping me.”\n\nKeep in Touch\n\nOne of the special talents of many professors is their ability to remember students long after they have graduated. Often, you’ll find a moment in your career that reflects directly on a course you took and a professor who influenced you. Keeping in touch with professors who were particularly encouraging or knowledgeable is a great way to stay connected to people who changed your life and to build your network. You may even be able to offer something in return over the course of your own career.\n\nFaculty members want to help their students. With some guidelines in place, approaching them can make all the difference in your academic work and even your career.\n\nThe Minority Nurse Faculty Shortage\n\nThe Minority Nurse Faculty Shortage\n\nTeaching in the field of nursing is a rewarding experience and an opportunity to give back to nursing. Education in the faculty role allows for providing insight into current practices based on lived experience and present evidence-based guidelines. Overall, Caucasians and Asians are overrepresented in nursing in comparison to African American and Hispanic nurses, according to a study published in the Journal of Cultural Diversity. As a result of this disparity, there are also problems with equal representation of minority nurse faculty. Those considered faculty of color have continued to represent less than 13% of nursing faculty. As a nurse educator, I have a direct impact on one’s future practice when caring for patients. I am concerned about these known truths and have a few questions for one to consider:\n\n  • Why is there not an equal representation of minority faculty when compared to the majority?\n  • Are individuals given a fair chance?\n\nIt is a tedious process to complete applications for faculty roles and often discouraging to obtain feedback from an automated email generated message about qualifications not matching. I encourage all minority potential faculty candidates to increase their visibility in becoming part of a nursing faculty and continue to be persistent. There does need to be interest in nursing research to be considered competitive for some positions. There are overwhelming amounts of candidates with clinical experience as registered nurses or nurse practitioners. Students more than ever need to see someone who “looks like me” at some point in their curriculum with whom they identify with. This is important in ensuring self-efficacy is present throughout their program.\n\nOften, the hiring process is screened by human resources and not nursing departments. Specific to nursing may be the change of having administrative involvement with applications submitted for faculty roles. Anyone who knows me both personally and professionally understands my passion for nursing education. A majority of my close friends have been convinced to give back to nursing in becoming professors. As an African American female, I disproportionately represent a minority faculty. I am grateful for my opportunities. However, we have more work to do in the recruitment and retention of minority nurse faculty.\n\nColleges and universities must consider diversity within the workplace, particularly for nursing. This is an initiative for the American Association of College of Nursing (AACN). Their initiative involved the inclusion of a diversity of both students and faculty in schools of nursing across the country. An inclusive learning environment can be shaped by the active recruitment of minority faculty. Should there be a representation of diversity in the hiring process, such as within a search committee? This endorsement by AACN is a step in the right direction in the solution to improving a diverse workplace and learning environment for students. Recognition is the first step in making strides to consider those who are minorities from diverse backgrounds.\n\nLet Me Tell You a Story: Teaching and Learning through Narrative Pedagogy\n\n\nStorytelling is the oldest form of education; storytelling has been used to communicate critical information about safety, recipes, teach lessons, remove bad habits, and explain events. In our various cultures we hear stories from our family members, in school, and at work. It is part of our oral tradition and how history is shared. I remember hearing stories as a child that explained why we have certain practices and why humans have internal ethical struggles. The lessons from these stories stuck with me in a way that made me evaluate my choices carefully when making a critical decision.  When these tools are used to teach nursing students they can have a wondrous effect.\n\nStorytelling and mental modeling often go hand in hand; when people are told of a situation or told a story, they will work out the process of that situation within their brains to see how the situation resolved or could have resolved if other steps were taken. The individual may go through different algorithms to work out the most correct path for the situation. This is a clear demonstration of critical thinking and may help with improving clinical reasoning in nurses.\n\nResearch shows that storytelling is a method of learning that can be transferred; students remember the “war stories” that their nursing instructors have told them about their clinical experiences. I can remember being told a story by an instructor about a congestive heart failure patient that she had that was receiving fluid and developed wet lungs and frothy pink sputum. She was so vivid in the way that she was describing the sputum that I never forgot to correlate strict intake and output with congestive heart failure patients. As a nursing educator myself, I have told stories of patient care that aligned with what I was teaching to the students to the students didactically and have later gotten a phone call or email from a student saying that they saw a similar case in clinical or in their practice and remembered what I told them.\n\nStorytelling is an excellent method of instruction and provides auditory and visual stimulation to learners in a manner that connects to the concepts being taught to the students. And they provide an opportunity for reflection and transference. Telling a story in the right context that links to the concepts being taught may help the individual visualize the situation in their mind and then practice the concept/skill.\n\nHow are you using storytelling in your instructional practices?\n\n“Stories are a communal currency of humanity.” —Tahir Shah, in Arabian Nights\n\nMicroaggressions in the Nursing Classroom Environment\n\nMicroaggressions in the Nursing Classroom Environment\n\n\n\nTypes of Microaggression\n\nMicroaggressions are similar to carbon monoxide—“invisible, but potentially lethal”—­continuous exposure to these types of interactions “can be a sort of death by a thousand cuts to the victim,” says Sue. He further outlines three themes in three ­microaggression ­categories. The three themes are: racial, gender, and sexual orientation. The themes appear to occur in three different forms of microaggression: microassaults, microinsults, and microinvalidations.\n\nMicroassaults. Also known as “old-fashioned racism,” microassaults are conscious verbal or nonverbal attacks meant to hurt, oppress, or discriminate against the marginalized groups. This can range from telling racial jokes, name-calling, or isolating a student base on their racial, sexual, or gender identity. For instance, a student may deliberately refer to an Asian classmate as an Oriental. (Hidden message: You are not a true American. You are a perpetual foreigner in your own country.) Another example of a microassault is a teacher asking an African American male student, “Are you a first-time generation ­college student?” (Hidden message: African American males usually do not go to college.) Microassaults leave the students feeling unwanted, uncomfortable, and invisible.\n\nMicroinsults. A microinsult is an unconscious and unintentional discriminatory action against one’s identity. For instance, a teacher not asking a transgender student what pronoun to use when addressing the student (Hidden message: You are not acknowledging my identity.) Another example of microinsult is a teacher calling on an Asian student to come to the blackboard to work out a drug calculation problem. (Hidden message: All Asians are supposed to be good at math.) Or a student jokingly making the comment “that’s so gay.” (Hidden message: Being gay is associated with negative and undesirable characteristics.) A microinsult can also be nonverbal. For instance, when a white professor fails to call on the African American students in the classroom. (Hidden message: People of color contributions are unimportant.) Microinsults can have a far-fetching negative impact on a student, and they can affect a student’s ­motivation and commitment as well as mental health.\n\nMicroinvalidations. Microinvalidations are unconscious ­communications or environmental cues that faintly exclude, negate, or nullify the psychological thoughts, feelings, or experiential reality of a person’s identity. One example of microinvalidation is a student asking an Asian student, “Where are you from? You speak perfect English.” The Asian student replying, “I was born and raised in Florida.” (Hidden message: You are not American.) Or when a teacher continues to mispronounce the name of a student even after the student has repeatedly corrected the teacher. (Hidden message: I am not willing to learn how to pronounce a non-English based name.) Or a white science professor asking the male nursing students, “Why are you going into a nursing? It’s a female profession.” (Hidden message: ­Nursing is not “a real man’s job.”) Or the classic case of a white student telling her black roommate, “I don’t see color. There is only one race: the human race.” The color blindness offense is one of the most frequently delivered microinvalidations. Another example of microinvalidation is a student who unconsciously opens the door for a classmate who is in a wheelchair. (Hidden message: You are not able to independently take care of yourself.) The student should wait for the student in the wheelchair to ask for help if she or he needs it. Microinvalidation is one of the most harmful forms of microaggression because it leaves the victim feeling ashamed and asking themselves “Am I being oversensitive or paranoid?”\n\nHow to Address Microaggressions in the Classroom\n\nProfessors and students are the most common perpetrators of microaggressions in the nursing classroom environment. In the course of interaction, the professor or student may say something that offends a student intentionally or unintentionally. Since microaggressions are usually invisible to the ­perpetrator and may seem to have reasonable alternative explanations, the student may be left feeling uneasy and questioning themselves about what the implied message was.\n\nMicroaggression is processed in five different phases, Sue says. Phase one is the incident (verbal, nonverbal, or environmental). The perpetrator intentionally or unintentionally commits the offense. Phase two is the receiver’s perception of the offense. For instance, the receiver may ask themselves, “Was I just discriminated against?” or “Did she say what I think she said?” Phase three is the receiver’s immediate response to the offense. The receiver may respond by taking a defensive stand. Phase four is the receiver’s interpretation of the meaning of the offense. They may even ask themselves, “Should I say something?” or “If I say something it may make it worse.” Phase five is the consequence that may happen to the receiver of the offense. For instance, students may lose confidence in their ability to ­complete the course. Microaggressions can cause psychological consequences on the students over time, such as anxiety, depression, helplessness, and loss of drive, which can impede the student’s academic performance.\n\nTherefore, the first step to addressing microaggression in the classroom environment is to acknowledge that it exists, says Jared Edwards, PhD, a psychology professor at Southwestern Oklahoma State University. Nurse educators need to get to know their students. You should be aware of their campus cultural environment and the specific challenges that your students from different backgrounds may face. Do not dismiss the classroom experience of microaggressions as “isolated” incidents. You should work with your students to create a safe classroom atmosphere by establishing solid ground rules and classroom expectations. You can incorporate open classroom discussions about microaggressions into your courses. For instance, have students conduct a group presentation on the impact of microaggressions in a classroom environment. This will promote teambuilding skills and communication and writing skills as well as help create awareness surrounding the common occurrences of microaggressions. Nurse educators need to be aware of what programs (e.g., student counseling center, ­disability services) are available on their campus so they can refer students who may need help dealing with the psychological consequences of microaggressions.\n\nNurse educators must be prepared to teach and advocate for culturally diverse students in a multicultural classroom setting. Additionally, they can show they value their students in many ways. For instance, taking the time to learn how to properly pronounce every student’s name can show the students that you value the student’s identity.\n\nJacquelyn Taylor Joins NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing as the Inaugural Vernice D. Ferguson Professor in Health Equity\n\n\nThis month, New York University (NYU) Rory Meyers College of Nursing welcomed Jacquelyn Taylor, PhD, PNP-BC, RN, FAHA, FAAN, as the inaugural Vernice D. Ferguson Professor in Health Equity.\n\nTaylor has already had a notable career. In January 2017, she was awarded the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers by President Barack Obama, the highest honor awarded by the federal government to scientists and engineers, where she will examine next-generation sequencing-environment interactions on cardiovascular outcomes among African Americans.\n\nVernice D. Ferguson (1928-2012) was a distinguished nurse leader, educator, and executive who championed the health of all people throughout her career. Ferguson, who received a baccalaureate in nursing from NYU, pioneered leadership positions for nurses and elevated the nursing profession through advocating for increased opportunities, respect, and wages, as well as fostering nursing research.\n\nTaylor says it’s a tremendous honor to be selected to serve as the inaugural Vernice D. Ferguson Professor in Health Equity. “It is my sincere hope that the research I lead is as beneficial to the public as the work of the iconic Vernice D. Ferguson.”\n\nOver the course of Taylor’s career her work has focused on health equity in Black populations for common and chronic diseases such as hypertension, both in the United States and in Africa.\n\n“African Americans have the highest incidence and prevalence of hypertension than any other ethnic group in the U.S.,” says Taylor. “In particular, African American women have the highest incidence and prevalence of hypertension than any ethnicity or gender. Understanding the genomic underpinnings and social factors that contribute to this disparity can help providers to intervene early in life to eliminate such disparities. On a personal level, my father had hypertension and had a stroke, and my mother had cardiovascular complications as well. I would like for the work that I do to help others to avoid these complications.”\n\nAnother primary goal for Taylor is to study the genomics of lead poising in Flint, Michigan. She says the purpose of this project is to better understand the harmful effects of chronic lead exposure, the psychosocial insults of the Flint water crisis, and the underlying omic mechanisms involved that may contribute to increases in blood pressure in this already at-risk African American population in Flint.\n\n“An intergenerational, multi-omic (genetic and epigenetic), and psychosocial approach will be utilized to understand one of the major symptoms of chronic lead exposure—high blood pressure—among African American families in Flint,” Taylor explains. “This research will provide critical insights that will add a layer of functional outcomes for health providers to best understand, assess, and intervene with tailored treatments based on an individual’s unique environmental, omic, and psychosocial profile and will help in mitigating long-term cardiovascular and other health risks.”\n\nTaylor says her primary goal during her professorship is to continue to build on the work she has done in omic-environment interaction studies among minority populations by utilizing multiple advanced genomic techniques and expanding to more minority populations across the USA and abroad.\n\n“I would also like to expand my reach as a leader in nursing science by taking on a more key administrative role that will aid in building up the next cadre of minority nurse scientists.”", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9292855262756348}
+{"content": "Skip to content\nNASA launches spacecraft to test asteroid defense concept\n\nNASA launched a spacecraft on a mission to crash into an asteroid and test if it would be possible to deflect a fast space rock if Earth was threatened\n\nLOS ANGELES – NASA launched a spacecraft on Tuesday evening as part of a mission to crash into an asteroid and test whether it would be possible to deflect a fast space rock if Earth was threatened.\n\nThe DART spacecraft, short for Double Asteroid Redirection Test, took off from Vandenberg Space Force base on top of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket as part of a $ 330 million project with echoes of the Bruce Willis film “Armageddon”.\n\nIf all goes well, in September 2022, it will crash into Dimorphos, an asteroid 525 feet (160 meters) in diameter, at 15,000 mph (24,139 km / h).\n\n“It’s not going to destroy the asteroid. It’s just going to give it a little boost, ”said Nancy Chabot, mission manager, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, which manages the project.\n\nDimorphos is orbiting a much larger asteroid called Didymos. The pair pose no danger to Earth but offer scientists a way to measure the effectiveness of the collision.\n\nDimorphos performs an orbit of Didymos every 11 hours 55 minutes. DART’s objective is a crash that will slow Dimorphos down and drop it closer to the larger asteroid, reducing its orbit by 10 minutes.\n\nThe change in orbital period will be measured by telescopes on Earth. The minimum change for the mission to be considered successful is 73 seconds.\n\nThe DART technique could prove useful in altering the course of an asteroid years or decades before it hits Earth with the potential for disaster.\n\nA little nudge “would add up to a big change in its future position, and then the asteroid and Earth wouldn’t be on a collision course,” Chabot said.\n\nScientists are constantly looking for asteroids and plotting their trajectory to determine if they could hit the planet.\n\n“While there is currently no known asteroid on an impact path with Earth, we do know that there is a large population of near-Earth asteroids,” said Lindley Johnson, planetary defense officer at The NASA. “The key to planetary defense is finding them long before they pose a threat of impact.”\n\nDART will take 10 months to reach the asteroid pair. The collision will occur approximately 11 million kilometers from Earth.\n\nTen days before, DART will launch a tiny observation spacecraft provided by the Italian space agency that will follow it.\n\nDART will play the video until it is destroyed on impact. Three minutes later, the towing device will take pictures of the impact site and the ejected material.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5076508522033691}
+{"content": "← All news\n\nArla 'mooo'-ving in the right direction - GO sourcing\n\nMonday, 10 May 2021\n\nAs part of their pledge to become a net-zero business, Danish dairy major Arla Foods will purchase Guarantees of Origin (GOs) directly from their farmers. The move allows Arla to claim carbon reductions for their supply chain while offering farmers improved compensation for their power.\n\nThe Arla cooperative farmers who generate their own green electricity sell the excess to the public grid. However, Arla has recognised the value of the farmer's green electricity in their overall sustainability strategy.\n\n\"With this opportunity, the green energy that our owners produce can be counted as part of our collective actions to make dairy products more sustainable,\" said Jan Toft Nørgaard, Arla’s chairman.\n\nArla typically buys GOs to cover their electricity usage on the open market and similarly, the cooperative farmers sell their GOs associated with their green electricity production there as well. A bilateral agreement would lead to reduced costs for Arla and improved profits for the farmers by removing third-parties and associated commissions.\n\n\"Arla farmers can help their own company to accelerate the transition to renewable energy while the company can maximize the value of their investments in renewable energy,” says Hanne Søndergaard, Arla’s head of sustainability.\"\n\nAccording to Arla's own data, approximately a quarter of the cooperative's farmers (more than 9 400 in 2020) produce electricity via wind turbines or solar modules installed on their properties. However, some of these installations receive government subsidies - for farms in jurisdictions such as Germany and Luxembourg, the State does not allow the subsidised producer to sell GOs. This lowers the proportion of current farmers who can sell GOs to Arla down to 14 percent.\n\nNevertheless, such GOs are expected to account for approximately one-fifth of Arla's total electricity usage. \"The full profit for the GOs that we can secure the farmers with this move has no extra cost for the cooperative and is a positive contribution to the business case for Arla farmers who consider investing in renewable energy,\" said Nørgaard.\n\nArla announced back in 2019 their goal for net-zero carbon by 2050, along with a 30 percent reduction in emissions by 2030. Their 2020 annual report notes that 96% of their emissions are classified as Scope 3 (indirect, from purchased goods), where they are aiming for an emissions target of 1.15 kg CO2 per kg of milk (2019 global average was 2.5 kg CO2).\n\nBiogas and biomethane is also part of the Arla sustainability strategy - Arla Food Ingredients, a subsidiary of Arla Foods uses approximately 50 GWh of biomethane based electricity each year at two of their production plants (click here for more detail). This has lead to CO2 emission reductions of approximately 62 000 tpa. Manure and crop waste from the Arla farms comprise the feedstock used to produce the biomethane.\n\n\nArla press release\n\n\nFood Ingredients First\n\nRelated News", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9492740631103516}
+{"content": "How Introverts Make Friends: 5 Great Ways to Meet New People\n\nThe funny chart above has a lot of truth in it – introverts may sometimes struggle to make friends. But even though they can be overly quiet and guarded before they get to know you well, they too like to meet new people and form friendships.\n\nIf you want to know how introverts make friends or how to meet new people as a quiet person, read on.\n\nFirst of all, we will list a few places where introverts typically find friends and then provide some tips on how to connect with new people if you have a reserved personality.\n\nHow Introverts Make Friends – 5 Most Common Ways\n\nIntroverts may look unfriendly and aloof at times, but more often than not, it’s just a false first impression. In reality, most of them are genuinely interested in others and do want to meet new people.\n\nOf course, there are exceptions such as loners or antisocial introverts who are not really interested in expanding their social circle, but they are not so many.\n\nHere are a few most common ways introverts make friends:\n\n1. By following a hobby or interest\n\nI believe that this is the best way to make friends as an introvert. Why? Because this personality type appreciates when their friends can offer them deep communication and engaging conversations.\n\nIf you meet people with similar interests or hobbies, it’s a sure way to have such communication. You will speak the same language because they will be passionate about the same things as you are.\n\nThat’s why many introverts make friends in hobby groups and classes. Starting an activity or hobby is also a great way to connect to others and do something together without the need to have awkward conversations.\n\n2. Online\n\nThe online world has a lot to offer, especially to the quiet ones. Participating in a chatroom or social media community gives you the comfort to talk to people without exposing who you are, what you do for a living, or what your background is.\n\nOnline communication doesn’t require you to have boring small talk or answer annoying personal questions to meet someone new. You can talk about anything you like and make friends with like-minded people online.\n\nI’m sure that most introverts in the world have used social media, forums, and chatrooms to make connections with other people.\n\n3. At work or in college/school\n\nWhen you have a full-time job, it’s natural to get closer to the people you work with. Yes, it’s impossible to get on with everybody in the office, and there always will be difficult personalities present. But most likely, there will be one or two people you will resonate with.\n\nThat’s why introverts often form lifelong friendships with their co-workers. Overcoming work problems together unites you with the other person and strengthens your bond. It also gives you the opportunity to get to know their true self in difficult and conflict situations.\n\nCollege and school are also among the most common ways how introverts make friends for exactly the same reasons. The quiet ones often carry their school friendships through a lifetime.\n\n4. By joining a community\n\nThis is a perfect way to make friends if you are an empathetic introvert. If you love helping other living beings – be it humans or animals, you can join a volunteer community and make the world a better place together with others who share the same goal.\n\nIt can be a community that undertakes environment-friendly initiatives or a local animal shelter that aims to save stray dogs.\n\nIf you are an introvert who cares about a certain issue or global problem, joining a related community is a great way to make friends with like-minded people.\n\n5. Through their extroverted friends, of course\n\nIntroverts and extroverts make great friends, that’s true. And it’s through their outgoing friends that the quiet ones often meet new people.\n\nWho else if not your extroverted friend will encourage you to leave your introverted shell for a moment and socialize more?\n\nYes, as an introvert, you can be perfectly fine with your quiet solitary life, but you may also be interested in starting a new relationship or finding new friends. Accepting an extrovert’s invitation to a party or gathering is a good way to meet new people.\n\nThis is probably the most old-fashioned and “safe” way how introverts make friends.\n\nHow to Make Friends as an Introvert? 5 Effective Tips\n\none-to-one communication introvert\n\nNow that we have figured out where and how an introvert can make new friends, let’s take a look at a few tips that will help you connect with new people.\n\n1. Ask questions\n\nAsking questions is a great way to start friendships. It shows the person you just met that you are interested. It’s also a perfect way to turn the attention away from you since most introverts don’t like to be in the spotlight.\n\nAsking a stranger may look like a scary and uncomfortable thing to do, but it’s a lot easier than it seems. Even if the right questions don’t come to mind naturally, you can easily learn to do it. Just listen to the other person and think up a related question or two you could ask him/her.\n\nIntroverts are great listeners, so why not use your strong side to form bonds with other people? If you master the art of asking questions, you will find it much easier to connect to those around you and turn acquaintances into friends.\n\n2. Mind your body language and eye contact\n\nOne common problem many quiet people struggle with is that their body language doesn’t look open and welcoming. It’s an important aspect to improve if you want to make friends as an introvert.\n\nIn fact, our eyes, facial expressions, and body positions give other people subtle cues that tell them whether or not we are interested in interaction.\n\nYou may be secretly dying to meet someone new, but if you are keeping your arms crossed and are looking at your shoes all the time, it’s not going to happen. Why? Because other people will assume that you are not interested because you are too shy or aloof. It happens unconsciously.\n\nFor this reason, mind your body language and try to keep your arms and legs relaxed. Make sure you are turning towards the person you are talking to and are maintaining good eye contact.\n\n3. Go out with a sociable friend or relative\n\nAs we said above, introverts often meet new people through their extroverted friends or family members. And it makes sense why. You feel much more confident and relaxed when you go out with someone you trust than if you find yourself in the company of people you barely know.\n\nHaving an outgoing buddy for attending social events is a great way to approach new people without the awkwardness of talking to a total stranger. When your sociable friend introduces you to someone they know, it feels safer and more comfortable to start a conversation.\n\nThis means that you will feel more relaxed and look more open, therefore, increasing your chances of making friends as an introvert.\n\n4. Get a social pet\n\nHave you ever seen how easily dog owners start a conversation with each other in the street? It’s because it’s like meeting a like-minded person who shares the same concerns.\n\nSo, if you are an introvert who loves animals, consider adopting a dog. You will see how effortless it will be for you to make friends with other dog lovers while taking your pet for a walk.\n\nthe power of misfits\n\nAnd the beauty of this way of making friends that it’s feels natural and unintrusive, which is very important for an introvert. Most likely, the conversations with other dog owners will revolve around your pet, not yourself.\n\nYou will also find it easier to connect with them since you will have a common interest and a ready topic to talk about.\n\n5. Enroll in classes or become a member of a community of your interest\n\nStarting an activity you are passionate about is not only a perfect way to make friends as an introvert, but it can also bring you closer to fulfilling your purpose. Sometimes a simple hobby or passion can evolve into your life’s work.\n\nFor example, you can become a member of a public library in your city or join a local community of amateur astronomers. Whatever your interest is, you will find it much easier to connect with other people if you have a common topic to discuss.\n\nIntroverts don’t like forced communication, so when the conversation is flowing naturally, you are halfway toward turning your new acquaintance into a friend.\n\nAs you see, introverts make friends the same way all the other people do. They may struggle a little bit in the beginning, but they enjoy social interaction and meeting new people just like everyone else does.\n\nWhether you are an introvert yourself or are trying to understand a quiet acquaintance of yours, give it some time. Introverts don’t open up to other people quickly, so making friends with them takes time and patience.\n\nthe power of misfits", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6311953067779541}
+{"content": "How to Balance our Masculine and Feminine Energies\n\nWe live in a time where great changes in how we perceive men and women are taking place. It is an achingly slow progress towards true equality. In the workforce women have been able to rise in terms of participation and filling leadership roles, but we are far from an equal distribution in these areas. This topic will likely be with us for some time to come.\n\nIn our personal day to day experience of the dynamics that surround this societal evolution we are also experiencing ourselves and those around us in ways that change over time. We grow up and mature with certain views of what masculine and feminine qualities mean and these views have of course changed along side the battle for equality. Women had to fend for their right to vote, to go to university, to be employees in regular jobs, rise through the ranks into management and leadership positions in the economic, religious, academic and political arenas.\n\nHumans in the Patriarchal Paradigm\n\nWe know all this and we know that what women have had to contend with is the existing patriarchal structure. The push forward for women, slowly starting in the 1800s, included remolding themselves and pushing forward those qualities that were and still are rewarded in the patriarchal system. Along with this came the suppressing of qualities that are not respected nor understood in this system. This has been the sacrifice that women have had to make, in order to fit themselves into a new mold within the patriarchal system. In this way feminism turned out to be a ‘masculinization‘ of women, rather than expanding the one sided masculine system to include feminine qualities. Perhaps this was or still is a necessary step, but it comes at a price to both men and women.\n\nAn additional aspect to take into consideration here is that our mainly patriarchal societal structure is not only unkind to women, but it also comes at a steep cost to men. The reason being that men and women have both masculine and feminine qualities that emerge naturally and provide a balanced way to view and interact with all that life on this planet has to offer. Our journey through the challenges we face in life in order to become a mature human being, requires both our masculine and our feminine qualities.\n\nThe fact that the patriarchal dynamics and programs have suppressed the strengths inherent in feminine qualities throughout ‘his’ and ‘her’-story, has wrought havoc on both men and women in ways that have left both genders bereft of their fullness, strength and beauty. The patriarchal way has cut deep into the psyche of men and women and cut them off from their emotional, intuitive and mental wholeness. Women have been pushed into believing that they need to suppress their feminine qualities in order to fit in and succeed.\n\nPolitical Incorrectness\n\nThe evolving sense of political correctness makes it difficult to express dynamics that are simple and archaic in their nature, because there is a sense of not wanting to generalize too much and avoiding simplifications. An organic empathy for all aspects and sides of different issues would be more helpful here, because it presupposes an inclusive view. It is helpful to investigate within ourselves what the harmonious feminine and masculine qualities are that arise in response to different challenges and opportunities in life. More importantly it is very helpful to notice if we are censoring our own healthy impulses that are really there and may be harmoniously inspired.\n\nEffects In Our Personal Realm\n\nIn our day to day living arena the need for balance holds true on a personal level. Both men and women need both of their own inherent masculine and feminine strengths in order to master all the challenges of life.\n\nThe question that presents itself once we decide to aim for this balance in ourselves is, do we have an accurate compass of what those qualities even are and whether we are allowing them to freely flourish inside of us? Do we allow these qualities to express themselves within and without?\n\nAt this point in time the perceptions of these qualities do not seem weighted in a neutral way, even by the most balanced men or women. And with good reason! By obvious association with the patriarchy masculinity is not the carrier of much sympathy in our society. Throughout history the main atrocities have been committed by this distorted masculine system, which introduced male-favouring religions, dynamics of our economic system and our male dominated cultures themselves.\n\nThe mostly male human beings that have risen to the “top” (of the hall of shame) in this system have been extremely brutal. The effects of their actions and influence have created the darkest parts of our collective history on this planet. These men have risen to such powerful positions by allowing large parts of their inner humanity to be weakened and distorted. Many of their natural more feminine impulses had to be suppressed and their harmonious masculine impulses were distorted.\n\n\nThe weight of the collective perception most of us have of the patriarchy is not to be underestimated when it comes to how men perceive their own more masculine impulses. The fact that the patriarchal system is seen as negative weighs in on our perception of masculine qualities in general. It is however a generalization of masculine qualities to do so. The patriarchy is based on a distorted version of the masculine energies. This does not mean that a harmonious version of male energies does not exist.\n\nThe Example of the Distorted King\n\nAn example, that may seem all too familiar, is the man who is constantly making comments or jokes that diminish his partner and sometimes even everyone around them. This can take the form of teasing, jokes or telling someone off. Sometimes this is blatantly obvious, but often it is quite subtle. Like a steady drip of water, slowly making a small hollow in a stone, it starts to really wear the partner down. Where is this coming from?\n\nThe distorted version of the masculine energy lacks a sense of power, centeredness and self love. The impulse is to „make the other small“ in order to feel secure in his own strength. This goes for professional interactions as well, of course. Archetypally speaking this is the template of the tyrant. The Tyrant is a distortion of the archetypal king energy, a distortion that develops out of the lack of a loving and secure environment in his childhood and out of never truly growing up and discovering his own strength. A tyrant is a boy pretending to have reached manhood, needing to prove his strength to himself and the world by putting those around him down by either obvious bullying or in a myriad of subtle ways. This is just one example out of eight main archetypal masculine and feminine patterns, that all bear elucidating in a separate blog and online class.\n\nThis example, the well known masculine image of the tyrant, is of course something men want to avoid and therefore are trying different approaches to steer clear of any actions that could associate them with this role. The trap here is that men often feel that to redeem themselves and to not be the tyrant they need to add more feminine qualities. The band aid of adding femininity can make an immature man (a boy who has grown older), pop into the opposite shadow side of the tyrant: the weakling, or coward. He may appear to be inactive, or “Yinned out”, not very charismatic, not very shiny in any way, but demanding and needy nonetheless.\n\nThis “femininization” of men has left many women unpolarized, not feeling attracted to them. And because the set up of how this occurs isn’t all that obvious, both women and men are left wondering why.\n\n\nThe masculine distortion does not come out of a lack of femininity, but out of a lack of masculine maturity, hanging on to boyhood, not transcending it. This may have many reasons, but at the center of this it could be not experiencing all stages of boyhood fully because of lack of support and love, maybe more specifically a lack of harmonious fatherly love. If we look around, how many positive and harmonious mature fatherly qualities do we really see? There are some, but they seem few and far between. Where do we see men who are in their quiet and secure strength? Men that give by simply being a rock in the towering waves.\n\nTrue harmonious masculinity is rare and when you find it in someone it is like the strength and dependability of an oak tree that you can lean on anytime, that will give you shade and soulful comfort. Men who have reached a maturity in manhood are men with nothing to prove, because they own their strength so deeply. They can afford to be generous. They can of course easily stand others being strong around them. They are not threatened by a strong woman. They can “afford” to see the different aspects of her strength and simply adore and love her for it.\n\nMen who are in actuality boys that have merely added years and grown older, have these tyrant impulses because they are not in their strength. Yet they may censor and suppress these impulses in order to steer clear of any affiliation with the distorted realities of the patriarchal dynamics in our culture and economic system. For men to receive signals from many different directions that masculinity is something categorically destructive, has a profound effect on what they allow themselves to be. But what happens when you try to suppress an impulse? Of course, it pops up somewhere else in disguise. Hence the more subtle comments and criticisms that rise up from a more subconscious and hidden desire to diminish those around him. At the same time a continuous stifling of impulses, ultimately leaves men in a state of depression.\n\nHarmonizing Distorted Templates\n\n\nFor men, harmonizing distorted templates can mean discovering their harmonious masculine qualities, which are very much lacking in our society and many relationships. There are hardly any valid templates to follow out there, because the masculine has most often shown up as the archetypal tyrant, who isn’t supportive of his surroundings, because he has no sense of his own true strength. There is no blame or judgement here – it is a result of a lack of positive templates.\n\n\nAs with all distorted archetypal qualities, finding one’s own true strength brings one in to harmony and centeredness. In the case of the tyrant it is becoming the one who takes on responsibility for those around him, serving them by being constructive in the true sense of the word: building a home, a company, or co-creating the pillars and infrastructure of society together with the strong feminine quality of the strong woman who builds the home, the house, the country.\n\n\nThere are of course all the other archetypal masculine and feminine qualities that each have their own journey from their distorted states to their harmonious expression. This is a whole area in and of itself – what are the archetypal human powers or qualities and distortions? What lessons do they each need to learn in order to find their harmonious expression.? This fascinating subject will fill later blogs and a series of classes for both men and women (see links at the bottom).\n\nGiving Space to Our Own Impulses\n\nIt can be useful to deeply investigate our own views on the masculine and feminine qualities that arise within ourselves. They are so basic that they form a foundation of how we experience the world around us and interact with the people in our lives. For instance we could say that in the most general way of thinking, giving and receiving could be seen as very basic, archetypal masculine and feminine impulses.\n\n\nFor instance having the impulse to create a big new project can be seen as a healthy masculine energy giving expression to its creative energy. Wanting to give something, wanting to emerge, plant a flag, set a corner stone, build a company can all be seen as impulses that have the generalized direction of going out from the person doing it, emanating from, giving to the outside world.\n\nHaving the impulse to receive this idea, to validate and support it, to improve it, change it for the better by giving it energy and life can be energetically seen as a feminine impulse.\n\nThese masculine and feminine impulses, of course, exist in men and women alike.\n\nPhilosophically speaking, in Kashmir Shivaism for example, the feminine aspect of divinity is associated with energy, with matter, with life-force. The masculine aspect is associated with ideas, thoughts, consciousness with theory. Ideas are “dry” without energy to manifest them. In fact nothing manifests without the feminine principle in the universe. As human beings we hold both realities within ourselves and live by them, even while we are polarized more into one of the two directions in the way we think, feel and act.\n\nIn his book Our Universal Journey George Kavassilas speaks of the divine feminine manifesting as our milky way galaxy and the divine masculine as our neighbor galaxy Andromeda. The masculine and feminine aspects of divinity are also physically manifest as our earth mother and our solar logos, divine father the sun of our solar system. I find it beautiful and feelable that the earth and the sun are beings that are giving us life and divine templates for divine feminine and divine masculine impulses, energies and qualities in manifest form. Just imagine, we are living on the physical manifestation of the divine mother, generously giving us food, shelter, landscapes to live our lives in, water to drink and air to breathe, while the light of the divine masculine is shining on us and nature around us providing the warmth and direct solar energy that we need to survive.\n\nAll of this doesn’t mean that only men give and only women receive. A question we can ask ourselves though is whether we allow both of these impulses to reach full expression when they arise, or do we have a filter that we have accepted along with our upbringing, cultural background and of course the current views of male or female qualities that we absorb through entertainment and opinion shaping media outlets?\n\n\nThe Practice of Owning Our Impulses\n\n\nWe can embark on an inner, private intuitive journey into our investigation of our impulses with a specific tool in hand: observing how we feel when these impulses arise. There may be an inner censorship that occurs for men around topics like taking the initiative on a project at work. For women inner censorship might pop up around topics involving the desire to be a stay at home mother. We can feel into our body and notice if we feel expansive and free flowing or contracted and stifled. This is in general, as many already know, a great tool for intuitively affirming or negating something we are investigating an answer on.\n\n\nWhen we feel uncomfortable with a certain impulse that is arising, we can make the intention to know what that feeling of contraction is based on and ask ourselves: Do we have a societal opinion about this impulse? Is it parental? Is it based on something we have heard or seen over and over again in films or magazines? If so, a new evaluation of this is definitely in order, so as to ensure that this “opinion” is not just accepted by us without reflection.\n\nDistinguishing harmonious feminine and masculine qualities seems to be a prerequisite for creating a new lens for oneself. A lens with which to look at ones own impulses and maybe decide to give them more room. This goes for all types of archetypal human qualities within both women and men. Learning to trust that these impulses may have their own natural beauty which can lead to a more fulfilled experience of ourselves and those around us is a beautiful, gentle journey that we can all take, without too much trouble and without having to look further than within ourselves whenever an impulse arises that we may feel programmed to suppress.\n\nCreating a life long habit of this can lead to a beautiful, simple and honest journey of self-discovery, that naturally leads to the discovery of the true nature of others around us. This can polarize and up the charge of attraction in our romantic relationship, build our compassion for our friends and our loved ones, maybe inspiring them to also look deeper and allow more of who they truly are to emerge naturally.\n\nReflection and practice may include the investigation of the source of dominant social opinions and whether we trust this source. Also, we can decide that at this time we claim the right to form a new feeling about this impulse and experimentally repeat this new claim over and over for a period of time, until we feel our stance on this has been re-written and we now feel internally free to privately “allow” space for this impulse. We are ultimately the authors and re-writers of our own inner guidelines on life and it is of course our birthright to claim conscious reign over all of them, one area at a time. Re-writing them takes time and contemplation, but most of all it sometimes takes real courage, when our new decision on an issue differs from the status quo we have accepted up until that point.\n\n\nI usually include a practice point that I have discovered into my daily meditation. I have personally found that a daily practice of a few minutes is more effective than a long session only once or twice, without any follow up. I use my meditative state to tune into the topic and the decision I have made and affirm my new stance on it quite clearly, with authority and emotion. It often includes giving some self love energy and light to a specific part of myself in order for it to heal, grow or mature. It usually only takes a week or two to be able to feel a difference. Then, after a success validating break, it might be time for new reflection and a new practice point.\n\nFor women, disallowing their feminine impulses may make them appear cold, not very open or somehow too dominating for open and compassionate interaction, when maybe their natural impulses would include empathy, understanding and supportiveness, without giving up any of their true power as an equal member in a relationship, friendship, at work or in society in general.\n\nMaybe a matriarchy would be just as brutal, by having the pendulum swing so far in the direction of feminine qualities that equal amounts of distortion and eventually damage could be done. In a purely matriarchal system we might have the same unbalanced dynamics in reverse.\n\n\nA true balance on a societal level will likely only come when we re-invent distribution of power, leadership style and ways of organizing ourselves and our collective tasks in new ways that include both feminine and masculine strengths. The difference and polarity between the way women and men see the world and want to tackle the tasks at hand isn’t so much an inherent problem, but actually a balanced path with brilliant solutions for multilayered challenges. Neither side is always right or always wrong. The respectful dialogue between the two and the welcoming of sometimes opposing view points yields ever new and fruitful ways of looking at complex problems.\n\n\nTantra Yoga and Polarity\n\nIn Tantra Yoga there is a lot of emphasis on the need for polarity in the dynamics of a couple in order for both parties to feel magnetized and fulfilled by the other. The example of a battery is often brought up in which the energy of the battery is only present to the degree that the negative and positive poles show up in their most polar charge. Translated to humans this could be seen as a woman being attracted to a man who exhibits a healthy amount of active energy in the form of impulses, ideas, skills and activities. Conversely it can mean that a man is attracted by a woman who is generally speaking very receptive in the sense of going along with activities, lending a compassionate ear to new ideas and being impressed by skills and talents.\n\nThis, of course does not mean that women aren’t equally involved in developing their skills, new ideas or are not involved in pursuing their own activities. This is a dynamic to be experienced between people, in a couple setting, in a community or at work, who exhibit qualities that complement each other on different levels. There are techniques that come from the Tantra Yoga lineage that can help bring men or women into their balanced polarity, helping them to feel good in their own energy. These techniques warrant being the subject of a separate blog and separate classes also.\n\nThe Great Balance\n\n\nThe great changes we are experiencing in our society can ultimately only be helped by us showing up as who we truly are as women and men, because it will naturally include the much needed feminine impulses once we reflect and give them their direct expression. Both women and men need the full scope of their impulses, in order to be able to transform our changing culture toward the balance of the harmonious feminine and the harmonious masculine.\n\n\nWith the healing of our distortions and more balance our thoughts and empathy will likely gravitate towards a more holistic approach to economics, our own health and the nurture of our earth mother within whom we have our being. Organic distribution of power and the re-invention of management structures and leadership styles will likely be at the centre of the aspects which will naturally evolve, when both women and men collectively reach critical mass in bringing these qualities into balance through available techniques and original new intentions.\n\nLeave a Comment\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8536627292633057}
+{"content": "Samsung will gradually remove chargers and earbuds from future phones\n\nSamsung will gradually remove chargers and earbuds from future phones\n\n\nThis answer implies that, while the next generations of its phones may not come with the included accessories, some may. Samsung has other lines that it brands as Galaxy, from its folding phones to its more budget options, and it’s left itself room to keep including a charger in some of them for a little while longer.\n\nMaybe Samsung wants to keep the charger around in cheaper phones so people who aren’t tech enthusiasts will have a higher likelihood of buying them, or maybe it doesn’t want to upset the people who buy its $2,000 phones. It could do both, either, or neither, and it would still count as “gradually.”\n\nThe company doesn’t appear, however, to be following Apple’s route of pulling the plugs from its lineup of existing phones. The listings for the Note 20 Ultra and Note 10 still show a charger coming in the box.\n\nWhile a company shipping older products with something that’s no longer included in its latest and greatest might seem odd, it means Samsung doesn’t have to re-make all the boxes for its old products, and that consumers won’t end up in the awkward situation where they watch an unboxing from a phone’s launch on YouTube and then have a decidedly different experience. Which approach is correct really depends what you’re optimizing for, but this seems to be the one Samsung has chosen: slow and steady wins the race.\n\nYou can read the full answer down below:\n\nWe discovered that more and more Galaxy users are reusing accessories they already have and making sustainable choices in their daily lives to promote better recycling habits. To support our Galaxy community in this journey, we are transitioning to removal of the charger plug and earphones in our latest line of Galaxy smartphones.\n\n\nWe’ve also been implementing standardized USB-C type charging ports since 2017, so older chargers can still be compatible with our newest Galaxy models.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.971219539642334}
+{"content": "This page has been put together using Qld road rules legislation and conversations with the Police and Fire Departments.\nIt is in no way purposed or designed to be used for legal defence or advice!\nIt is designed to help you know how to get out of their way incase of an emergency.\n\nNot to make a defence for getting in their wa\n\nWhich of these are in the wrong place?\n\nBicycles PositioningNone of them!\n\n The fact is bicycles are allowed to ride along side each other, so long as they are within 1.5m of each other and there are only 2 side by side (unless another is overtaking them).\n\n Looking at the bicycles on the right side of the image, they are NOT required to ride in a bicycle lane! In this case there is loose gravel in the bicycle lane and a drain, both of which are a hazard to cyclists.\n\n They MUST however remain on the left hand side of the road. Bicycles are not allowed to travel in the bicycle lane on the wrong side of the road and must always ride to the LEFT of oncoming traffic.\n\n\nWhat benefits are there to riding side by side?\n\nFor the cyclist it does make them more noticeable, easier to see, than riding single file. This does however mean that another vehicle wanting to overtake them will have to go further out into the next lane. The other side of that though... It does half the number of bicycle you have to overtake. In the image here you'd only have to overtake 2 bicycles really, instead of 4.\n\n\nOvertaking bicycles:Bicycles Overtake\n\nIn the image to the right these bicycles are legally riding side by side, the vehicle behind them will natrually want to pass. But can he?\n\n Yes, so long as it is safe to do so!\n\nOne of the changes regarding bicycles is that vehicles MUST stay at least 1m away from a bicycle if the speed limit is 60km/h or below. Once the speed is over 60km/h then it is 1.5m away.\n\n A change that accompanied this is that you are allowed to cross over solid white lines, even double ones, to pass them, if it is clear and safe to do so.\n\n That said, my personal opinion is that double white lines suggest it's not safe to do so in most cases, so do take extra care.\n\n\n\n\nRoad Rules are always under review and are often changed or updated. This page was accurate at time of publishing; while we endeavour to keep these pages up to date we may occasionally miss something. You as a road user are expected to keep up to date with the Road Rules.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.890989363193512}
+{"content": "Submit your film to festival\n\nGod of Happiness\n\n\nGiorgi, a Georgian unemployed actor and tragic looser is suddenly confronted with the arrival of his 15-year old daughter Tina whom he hasn’t seen for 10 years. Together with his black lover-to-rent room mate Ngudu and the wooden-legged soap opera actress Mia he desperately tries to show Tina a fake life of a rich man who's got everything, including a big car and a villa. But things go wrong and his daughter isn’t that stupid. So soon she starts enjoying the pure chaos around her until all secrets are revealed.\n\n\nInformation for the Audience: \n\nDirectors: Dito Tsintsadze Writers: Dito Tsintsadze Producers: Oliver Damian, Elaine Niessner, Tommy Niessner Key cast: Lasha Bakradze, Elie James Blezes, Nadeshda Brennicke, Tina Meliava, Ufuk Bozkurt\n\nTotal votes: 2150\n\nConvert your film to DCP\n\nthe most widely utilized format by US Exhibitors.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6571460962295532}
+{"content": "Upload a new artwork\n\nCydne Jasmin Coleby\n\nAdded by admin\n\nCydne Jasmin Coleby\nCydne Jasmin Coleby is the creator of captivating digital and mixed media collages. Flitting between a spare, monochrome palette and something altogether more vibrant, Coleby’s highly self reflective work examines our emotional capacities. From a very young age Coleby has felt comfortable disassociating herself from her body, seeing it in its truest form, as it is seen by others. She believes such a perspective ultimately leads to acceptance. Coleby believes that once one completely accepts their physical extension in space, an examination of one’s mentality awaits. Coleby’s forays into psychoanalytic thinking have led to an interest in the transformative effects of trauma; she studies the relationships that we form with the seismic emotional occurrences of our lifetimes trying to determine what informs our personality and what defines it. Ultimately her view is a pessimistic one: Coleby doubts our capacity for closure, viewing and capturing every traumatic experience as a blot on the copybook of character.\n\nArtworks by Cydne Jasmin Coleby", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997519850730896}
+{"content": "The global education and learning analytics market reached a value of US$ 3.7 Billion in 2020. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to grow at a CAGR of around 20% during 2021-2026. Keeping in mind the uncertainties of COVID-19, we are continuously tracking and evaluating the direct as well as the indirect influence of the pandemic on different end use sectors. These insights are included in the report as a major market contributor.\n\nEducation and learning analytics refers to the measurement, collection, analysis and reporting of data about learners for optimizing their education experience. It is a combination of educational research, assessment sciences, statistics, visualization, data sciences, artificial intelligence (AI) and sociotechnical system thinking for human-centered design. These tools are used for designing curriculum for the students and are also utilized by corporate organizations for developing strategies for personnel acquisition, retention, training, intervention and the management of performance and operations.\n\nSignificant growth in the education industry and the increasing adoption of machine learning (ML) systems are among the key factors creating a positive outlook for the market. In line with this, the widespread utilization of various software-based systems, such as virtual learning environment (VLE), learning management system (LMS), student information system and library management systems, are also driving the market growth. The proliferation of e-learning technologies, such as mobile learning devices, student information systems, lecture capturing and learning management tools, have enabled the learners to obtain more valuable insights from the conventional education systems and enhance their productivity. Various technological advancements, such as the development of digital platforms for schools and university campuses to consolidate student data and analyze their performance, are also contributing to the market growth. Other factors, including the increasing awareness regarding the utilization of education and learning analytics for developing efficient learning and training programs for school/college students and working professionals, are expected to drive the market further.\n\nKey Market Segmentation:\nIMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global education and learning analytics market, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country level from 2021-2026. Our report has categorized the market based on analytics type, application, component, deployment mode and end user.\n\nBreakup by Analytics Type:\n\n\nBreakup by Application:\n\nPeople Acquisition and Retention\nCurriculum Development and Intervention Management\nPerformance Management\nBudget and Finance Management\nOperations Management\n\nBreakup by Component:\n\n\nBreakup by Deployment Mode:\n\n\nBreakup by End User:\n\nAcademic Institutions\n\nBreakup by Region:\n\nNorth America\nUnited States\nAsia Pacific\nSouth Korea\nUnited Kingdom\nLatin America\nMiddle East and Africa\n\nCompetitive Landscape:\n\nThe report has also analysed the competitive landscape of the market with some of the key players being Alteryx Inc., Blackboard Inc., G-Cube, Inetsoft Technology Corp., Information Builders Inc., iSpring Solutions Inc., MicroStrategy Incorporated, Saba Software Inc. (Cornerstone OnDemand Inc.), SAP SE, SAS Institute Inc. and Yellowfin Business Intelligence Co. Key Questions Answered in This Report:\n\nHow has the global education and learning analytics market performed so far and how will it perform in the coming years?\nWhat has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global education and learning analytics market?\nWhat are the key regional markets?\nWhat is the breakup of the market based on the analytics type?\nWhat is the breakup of the market based on the application?\nWhat is the breakup of the market based on the component?\nWhat are the key driving factors and challenges in the industry?\nWhat is the structure of the global education and learning analytics market and who are the key players?\nWhat is the degree of competition in the industry?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9992555975914001}
+{"content": "Acoustic Movements\n\nDevin Yalkin: The waiting period [when shooting film] where you don't know exactly what the photo will look like creates a sense of longing, which for me forms a deeper involvement with photography.\n\nBecoming Simone\n\nAlessia Bernardini: This story is about a soul that travels through time and shapes. I watched Angela disappear day by day, as Simone was emerging.\n\nHorse & Booze\n\n\nThe Sound of Tokyo\n\nMomoi Atsushi: Tokyo is a massive creature which keeps moving, changing every second, and growing vigorously. It is subject to metabolism in order to maintain its life.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9021450281143188}
+{"content": "Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol.59, No.33, 14776-14788, 2020\nExperimental Study on SCR-C3H6 Over Cu-Fe/Al-PILC Catalysts: Catalytic Performance, Characterization, and Mechanism\nThe selective catalytic reduction of NO with hydrocarbons (SCR-HC) is currently one of the promising technologies for the control of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Iron-based catalysts are very promising for the SCR-HC reaction considering both the NO conversion efficiency and low cost as an environmentally friendly metal. However, these Fe-based catalysts showed poor SCR activity below 300 degrees C. To improve the reactivity of the iron-based catalysts supported on Alumina-pillared clays at lower temperatures, Cu was used to modify the Fe/Al-pillared interlayered clay (PILC) catalysts and the selective catalytic reduction of NO with C3H6 (SCR-C3H6) was investigated at 150-550 degrees C over xCu-Fe/Al-PILC catalysts (x = 0.11-0.38, x means the molar ratio of Cu/Fe) prepared by the impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), N-2 adsorption-desorption, ft-temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), pyridine-adsorption infrared spectroscopy (Py-FTIR), etc. The results showed that Cu improved the SCR of NO obviously at lower temperatures, e.g., the NO conversion increased from 5 to 44% at 150 degrees C and from 15 to 93% at 250 degrees C, respectively, for the original Fe/Al-PILC catalysts and the 0.13Cu-Fe/Al-PILC catalyst. The interaction of copper and iron promoted the dispersion of iron species on the catalyst surface and improved the reduction ability of the iron species at lower temperatures. An appropriate copper-iron molar ratio can promote the dispersion of iron species to obtain a larger specific surface area and pore volume. Cu improved the formation of isolated Fe3+ and Fe2O3 particles, and the former together with the isolated Cu2+ contributed to the reduction performance at low temperatures, while the latter allowed the catalyst to maintain a high NO conversion at high temperatures. Moreover, Cu increased the surface acidity of the catalysts. A possible reaction pathway was proposed based on an in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (in situ DRIFTS) study, where the active species were mainly monodentate nitrates, acetates, and NCO species. Importantly, the introduction of Cu promoted the formation of more of these active species, which were contributed to the activity of C3H6-SCR.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9820145964622498}
+{"content": "What are CBD terpenes? What is the entourage effect? What are flavonoids? Read on to explore more about these topics and other helpful information on CBD.\n\nTerpenes and the Entourage Effect\n\nWhether you have a recreational, medicinal, or even scientific interest in CBD and the cannabis sativa plant, then you have more than likely stumbled upon the term “terpenes” throughout the course of your education about this plant and how it interacts with one’s body. In this article, we discuss what terpenes are and why they’re beneficial.\n\nPlant Science: What Exactly Are Terpenes?\n\nTerpenes are considered an essential building block in the anatomy of almost any plant. Technically speaking, terpenes are defined as groupings of hydrocarbons that are responsible for specific aromas and flavors in many plants.\n\nTo learn more about the history of CBD, click here.\n\nWhat Are CBD Terpenes, the Entourage Effect, and Flavonoids? > Paragraphs\n\nLemons are a fantastic and relatable example that perfectly illustrate the amazing power of terpenes – without them, the lemon would not have the distinct scent and flavor profile that it is famously associated with. This particular terpene, Limonene, is responsible for the lemon’s special aroma and flavor and is also present in the cannabis plant.  \n\nPinene is another common terpene that can also be found in the cannabis plant, and in extension, CBD. It radiates an earthy scent that is specific to many coniferous bushes and trees all around the globe. Some describe this aroma as similar to vanilla, while others claim hints of butterscotch. In addition to these powerful aromas and scents, both of these terpenes in the context of CBD offer many beneficial and therapeutic effects which we will discuss below.  \n\nTo learn more about CBD oils, read more here.\n\nCommon Terpenes: Their Aromas and Effects\n\nThe Cannabaceae family of plants, which includes the hemp from which CBD is extracted, is host to a myriad of terpenes, over 120 currently known. However, there are a few, in particular, that should be examined more closely due to their extremely beneficial properties, as reported by medical cannabis patients. The following are some of the most notable terpenes present in the cannabis plant and their effects...  \n\n\nCertain terpenes are found in basil, hops, coriander, and cloves. Humulene, for instance, emits an earthy, spicy, and woody aroma. Humulene has been used for thousands of years in holistic healing as a pain reliever and tonic due to its powerful antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Of the over one hundred terpenes found in plants, there are several stand-outs that are commonly found in CBD. Read more to learn more about these common terpenes and where they're likely to be found.\n\n\nThis terpene is a primary isomer that is commonly found in coniferous tree resins, like the pine tree. In addition to hemp, A-Pinene can also be found in sage, olive, eucalyptus, sassafras, rosemary, and bergamot, just to name a few. A secondary isomer, B-pinene is found in cumin and hops. Pinene is a predominant terpene that has been harvested for hundreds of years and used in holistic and alternative healing.  \n\nThere are numerous benefits to pinene. It offers antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibiotic properties. Pinene is being increasingly recognized and studied in the medical community due to its ability to slow the growth of cancer cells.\n\nIn addition, it is also renowned for its expectorant and Broncho dilative characteristics, which is believed to aid those with respiratory issues. Its presence in the cannabis plant is known to counteract the intoxicating effects of THC – helpful to those wishing to utilize the plant’s therapeutic properties whilst staying firmly grounded.\n\n\nThis spicy and often floral smelling terpene is present in many plants, including rosewood, mint, cinnamon, and lavender. It has calming and sedative effects which have been used as a sleep aid for hundreds of years.\n\nLinalool is characterized by it anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-depressant properties. It is studied for its ability to constrain cancer cell growth and regeneration while also offering pain relieving properties.\n\n\nThis terpene is found in basil, hops, coriander, and cloves. Humulene emits an earthy, spicy, and woody aroma. Humulene has been used for thousands of years in holistic healing as a pain reliever and tonic due to its powerful antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.\n\n\nFound in tea tree, apple, cumin, oregano, marjoram, and certain citrus fruits, this woody and smoky terpene is also commonly found in hemp. Terpinolene is known for its anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and antioxidant properties as well as for its sedative effect.\n\n\nLimonene is perhaps the most common and famous terpene to date. Found in juniper, peppermint, and citrus rinds, Limonene can additionally be found in many different fragrances, household cleaners, and foods due to its strong citrus aroma. This particular terpene is known for providing a wide range of benefits, including an overall improvement over the entire gastrointestinal (GI) system.\n\nIt also has anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant and anti-fungal properties. In addition to all of this, it is often used as an immune-stimulant and anti-proliferative – this helps to protect the body from the dangerous carcinogens present in smoke. Limonene is also known to help with concentration, mental focus, and clarity.  \n\nTerpenes and The Entourage Effect\n\nThe Entourage Effect describes the interactions between terpenoids and cannabinoids such as CBD and THC, which generate interactive synergy when combined. The study of cannabinoids in relation to terpenoids has led to some pretty incredible results in regards to whole-plant medicine – a term used to describe how terpenes and cannabinoids work in unison to provide symptomatic relief in a broad range of medical conditions and disorders.\n\nThe benefits of terpenes may be impressive in isolation, however, the Entourage Effect demonstrates that (when synergized with cannabinoids like CBD and THC, or combined with other terpenes), there is a definitive increase in therapeutic properties. This means that the medicinal value of cannabis drastically raises anytime the Entourage Effect is utilized. When cannabinoids work together with terpenes, therapeutic properties appear to augment their effectiveness, giving cannabis-based medicines true healing properties.\n\nResearch and Findings on The Entourage Effect\n\nA prominent neurologist, Dr. Ethan Russo, published his findings in 2010 in the British Journal of Pharmacology. He studied the far-reaching effect of the Entourage Effect by combining various terpenes and cannabinoids. Different combinations include:\n\n  • Individual – Allowing the terpene to produce effects on its own. For example, the terpene Myrcene reduces resistance in the brain/blood barrier, thereby allowing for better chemical absorption to occur.\n\n  • Combined with other terpenes – Utilizing a combination of terpenes that yield similar individual effects to increase overall effectiveness. For example, some combine Myrcene, Caryophyllene, and Pinene with the belief that this exact combination of terpenes can effectively combat anxiety.\n\n  • Combined with other cannabinoids – Directly combining terpenes with components of the cannabis plant such as THC or CBD can create desired effects. An example would be combining the cannabinoid Cannabigerol (CBG) with Limonene and Linalool to be used as an effective treatment for resistant staph infections like MRSA.\n\nThe Benefits of the Entourage Effect and a Call for Additional Research\n\nWhole-plant cannabis therapy is an increasingly important category in modern day medicine. As researchers continue to study and learn the many benefits of the Entourage Effect and more so how cannabinoids exist and perform at a molecule level, we will be better equipped to learn its full effect on the endocannabinoid system, both directly and indirectly.\n\nMedically accessing the Entourage Effect for its many benefits could significantly augment the positive potential that cannabis-derived terpenes could have on the body when interacting with other cannabinoids. In summary, terpenes are important.\n\nThey have been used for thousands of years in herb-based medications and traditional remedies, though now (thanks to modern technology and research), we can finally learn the therapeutic benefits of individual terpenes in order to better understand their therapeutic place in science, wellness, and health.\n\n\nTo learn more about the science behind CBD, click here.\n\n\nWhat are flavonoids and what do they do? Flavonoids are by no means exclusive to the cannabis plant. Researchers have identified them all throughout nature, thousands of them – from fruits and vegetables, to flowers.\n\nOver 200 different bioactive compounds have already been identified in the cannabis plant, however, the more widely understood terpenes and phytocannabinoids often monopolize the spotlight. This is unfortunate because there are numerous other crucial compounds that are produced by the cannabis plant as well. Consider flavonoids, for example – there are about 20 different known varieties that exist in the cannabis family and they account for about 10% of these known compounds. \n\nFlavonoids are by no means exclusive to the cannabis plant. Researchers have identified them all throughout nature, thousands of them – from fruits and vegetables, to flowers. Keep in mind, however, that there are some flavonoids that areknown only to be found within cannabis. These compounds are known as “cannaflavins.”\n\nComparable to terpenes, flavonoids share a part in how hemp is perceived through our senses, though there is much more to them than aroma and taste alone. These are some of the most understudied cannabis compounds to date, but here’s what we already know about them:\n\n\n\nFlavonoids Exist Throughout Nature\n\n\n\nThe word “flavonoid” directly stems from the Latin term “flavus”, which references the color yellow as it is found in nature. This makes perfect sense considering that one primary function of flavonoids is to provide color pigmentation for flowers and other plants for the sole purpose of attracting pollinators. They are also responsible, in part, for helping protect plants against harmful elements such as pests, UV rays, and even disease. Finally, a large majority of vegetables and edible fruits (that contain non-green pigmentation), contribute their bright and vivid colors (in part) to flavonoids.  \n\nVisit this page to learn more about CBD oils.\n\n\nThe synergistic qualities that are shared between flavonoids and terpenes make it possible for the hemp plant to have its unique flavor and odor.\n\nFlavonoids Provide Character\n\nThe aromas and flavors that are unique to the hemp plant are often attributed to terpenes, however, flavonoids play a crucial role as well by providing distinct qualities that are often used to differentiate between strain varieties. The synergistic qualities that are shared between flavonoids and terpenes make it possible for the plant to have its unique flavor and odor. Furthermore, flavonoids are also responsible for the pigmentation of the plant, just as they are in other flowers.\n\nFlavonoids Are Pharmacologically Active Compounds\n\nAs if providing flavor, odor, color pigmentation, and even protection wasn’t enough, scientists have discovered that flavonoids are additionally highly pharmacologically active – this includes preliminary research that indicates the medical benefits of cannaflavins unique to the cannabis plant.  \n\nDo Flavonoids Enhance the Properties of Cannabinoids or Modulate Their Efficacy?\n\nTake the flavonoid “quercetin” as an example. It is present in many different fruits and vegetables and is known for its antioxidant and anti-fungal properties. “Catechins,” a separate flavonoid that can be found in teas, cocoa, and other pome fruits, is also associated with cardiovascular and antioxidant health benefits. \n\nIn the cannabis family, a compound known as “cannaflavin A” is pharmacologically active and studies demonstrate that its anti-inflammatory properties may be stronger than those of Aspirin. Additionally, cannaflavin B and C are being studied for their potential therapeutic benefits. Cannabis has other highly active flavonoids, including: Kaempferol, Orientin, Quercetin, and Silymarin – each having anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and even anti-cancer properties. \n\nFlavonoids May Be Synergistic in Cannabis\n\nThe term “Entourage Effect” is used widely to describe the synergistic nature between many active components found in the cannabis plant. Humans (and all other mammals), are equipped with an endocannabinoid system – a vast network of specialized receptors that are present throughout all of our biological systems. Cannabinoids bind and thereby activate these receptors to produce various effects, which are then further influenced by terpenes and other cannabinoids. \n\nCertain combinations of these biomolecules produce different effects due to the varying synergistic properties of the incorporated compounds. The cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD), for example, modulates tetrahydrocannabinol’s (THC’S) effect at the blood-brain barrier. Flavonoids are theorized to have similar synergistic abilities; however, it is not fully known whether they are able to modulate their efficacy or enhance the properties of cannabinoids. Further research is required.  \n\nFlavonoids are Vastly Understudied\n\nCoined by Dr. Raphael Mechoulam and S. Ben-Shabat in 1998, the “entourage effect” is now commonplace in the field of research. Dr. Mechoulam, and many other scientists including James MacPartland and Ethan Russo are only a few of the many working today to better understand flavonoids.\n\nWhat is Full-Spectrum CBD Oil?\n\nExplore the Diamond CBD Full Spectrum CBD Collection.\n\n\n\nFull-spectrum CBD products contain THC; however, levels are very low in most cases. This is because (for most products), CBD oil is derived from low-THC industrial hemp (less than 0.3 %) as opposed to high-THC cannabis. Most CBD companies adhere to these standards. It is important to note that at these low levels, the THC will not produce a “high” when used at regular doses. Again, be sure to look at the lab test results before purchase of any CBD-infused product to ensure that you know exactly what you are taking.\n\nWhat are Raw Cannabinoids?\n\n\n\n  • THCA (Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid)\n\n  • CBDA (Cannabidiolic acid)\n\n  • CBGA (Cannabigerolic acid)\n\n\nWhat is Broad Spectrum CBD?\n\nMany products available today advertise as broad-spectrum, meaning that the product contains a limited cannabinoid profile. This term is most often used to describe products that have removed all THC content. Products such as these eliminate the need for the user to ingest THC while still receiving most of the entourage benefits of a full-spectrum product.\n\nWhat is CBD Isolate?\n\nExplore the Diamond CBD Isolate collection here.\n\n\nIt is important not to confuse this with a full-spectrum product because the plant’s naturally occurring terpenes were removed during the processing that was required to make the isolate. Some companies, however, choose to add these terpenes back to the final product and are commonly referred to as “terpsolates.”\n\nWhat is hemp oil?\n\n\n\nHemp oil is always extracted from hemp and can contain either no THC/CBD (from the seeds) or instead have a high CBD ration with only traces of THC (extracted from the resin glands).\n\n\nHow is hemp oil used?\n\n\n\nAlways Check the Lab Results!\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7540260553359985}
+{"content": "specialisation logo.png\n\nSpecialisation: Portals\n\nFor my specialisation I wanted to create portals in the engine we have been building over the year. I really like the idea of portals since they make for a cool feature and allow the creation of spaces unlike anything in the real world. I also like how something so close to rendering can have such a big impact on the gameplay. My biggest inspirations were Antichamber and Manifold Garden. In those games the portals aren’t all that obvious at first glance, but they are used to create something that can’t exist in the real world.\n\n\nI set two extra goals for my portals. The first being\n\n\nrecursion, which I unfortunately didn’t complete in time. My other goal was two have gravity by affected by the portals. That means if one of the portals is turned by 90 degrees walking through it what was you left is now your down. However due to how portals work it will feel like you’re still falling down, it is just the rest of the world that has rotated. My goal was to create an MC Escher like scene but to do covid-19 this project did not develop alongside our first person game as I had intended. This meant that rearrange my planning and I did not get as far as I had hoped.\n\nMy first task was getting the view of any camera on to an object. At this stage of our engine it only had the main camera. To get this texture on to an object I simply created a portal component and whenever a renderer encountered an object with that component it simply grabbed the frame texture instead of its regular texture.\n\n\nThe next step was giving the portals their own camera and texture. The main camera was singular instance at the time, so I had to make it component and have the rendering system use the current camera. This meant I could give every portal a camera and have it offset a few steps behind it. Next was the texture. Due to how our ECS is constructed the components are const when accessing them from the system. This meant that if I had the cameras themselves hold the texture it would be a at least one frame of and I didn’t want that. Instead I added a map with textures to the system with the key being the component pointer. Now whenever a camera is constructed it tells the system to create a texture and when it is destructed it tells the system to remove said texture.\n\n\nThis was when I realised by having the portal camera a few steps back it would render its own view and not the view of the connected portal. It also blocked its own view. To combat this I added the ID of the other portal in the portal component. Now instead of calculate its camera transform in regard to it own transform it takes the transform of the other one and when culling it also removes that portal.  Now I had static view int the portal.\n\n\nTo have the camera move I had to calculate the player camera transform relative to other portal it is paired to.  This is accomplished with some matrix multiplication. First the matrix of the camera is multiplied with the inverse matrix of portal A. This gives us the main cameras transform in the local space portal A. The resulting matrix is then multiplied with the matrix of portal B. This takes the camera matrix out of local space. However since we used the matrix of portal B to the camera out of local space the resulting that is the camera delta to A was instead its delta to portal B.\n\n\nNow when things was moving I noticed that somethings were moving differently also all of the portals showed the same view. Both of these problem turned out to be because of our deferred context rendering. We had it set up so each render had its own context to allow threading per renderer. This meant that each renderer got the texture at different stages of completion. It also resulted in only the last rendered camera texture being rendered. My fix for this was instead of having a context for each renderer to have a context for each camera. I also saw this a potential performance increase since each portal adds a lot to render, especially if I was to add recursion, and having it be rendered in parallel could really help. To enable I made the map in the render system hold a struct containing both the texture and the context since access to that was already set up. Now the first thing a render does is getting the context for the active camera.\n\n\nNow when spawning my portals they were flickering a lot. After some debugging, I realised they were flickering because they were all rendering threaded but each render only had one set of buffers. I fixed this by giving each renderer a map for its buffers with the key being the context. No when encountering a context for the first time it creates the buffers.\n\n\nBy now the portal is showing all that the camera renders which is not what we want.\n\n\nWhat we want is for it to only show the parts of the texture that we could possibly see through the portal. To do this instead of using the models UV for the texture we instead use its screen space coordinates as UV when rendering. Since vertexes and thereby the pixels screen space coordinates are already calculated during the vertex shader only one line its pixelshader is all it takes to fix.\n\n\nNow with the portals looking good the next step is teleporting the player when stepping through them.\n\n\nI gave each portal a collider. The entities that are to go through portals, in this case the player and the camera, were given a portal traveller component. The purpose of the traveller component is to keep track of the portals the entities are in contact with and har far they are from stepping through.\n\nMy first iteration of this was to create a system that check if traveller has stepped through the portal by taking the dot of the portals forward and the normalized delta to the portal. When the dot changed I know the traveller has stepped through. To teleport the transform was calculated using the same formula that was used to get the camera transform for the camera. This did teleport the player but there were most of the time some flickering when going through. Because of our engines physx implementation entities with physics components, like the player, have their transform controlled. This resulted in the physics and transform occasionally not aggreging on which frame the player travel through the portal. Because of this the current version of the traveller system only keep track of the portal the entity is contact with and when the physics component moves it checks those portals.\n\n\nThe next source of flickering was how our ECS stopped me from changing a component during run so one frame from behind the portal was rendered before teleporting. My first solution to this was to attempt to predict when the traveller was to step through. This worked better but I noticed that it worked better on one side of the portal. That side was further away from the portals origin and position that meant the other side got higher delta on the angle and could predict better. To negate this problem I skipped normalizing the delta since that gives the distance along the portals forward vector which gave better result.\n\n\nThere were still occasional flickering when walking through the portal since the portal has depth which means that sometimes when walking through the portal you see the inside of the arriving portal. The portal to needs to have depth since otherwise it will be clipped by the near plane when walking through it at some angle. I solved both these problems by calculate the scale and offset of the model when an entity with the portal component is rendered.\n\n\nEven this works I don’t really like this solution since the renderer has to test every entity if it has portal component. If I were to redo this, I would instead move it to a vertex shader for the portal.\n\n\nNow with the player teleporting it is time to have them alter gravity. This was accomplished by having the players physx component transform its up vector using the same matrix multiplication.  So now that we that gravity changes a lot of game code, like the looking around, that assumes that up is (0,0,1,0) starts behaving oddly. To fix that all code that assumes up is changed to get up from the players transform.\n\n\nAnd here is the finished result:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8152590990066528}
+{"content": "Construction industry organizations applauded President Barack Obama�s proposed $50-billion, six-year surface transportation plan, which was laid out this week.\n\n�The president clearly appreciates that the infrastructure-focused portions of the stimulus were effective in boosting employment and helping rebuild America�s aging infrastructure,� says Stephen E. Sandherr, CEO of the Associated General Contractors of America. �And while the most effective sequel to the stimulus is passing a fully-funded, six-year surface transportation bill, countless thousands of construction workers will have a better chance of retaining their jobs thanks to this proposal than they otherwise would once the stimulus runs its course.�\n\nSandherr says AGC hopes that the proposal �receives the bipartisan consideration and support investing in our country�s economic infrastructure ought to merit. After all, the American people are counting on both parties to begin tackling the nation�s $2.2 trillion infrastructure deficit.\n\nSandherr adds that AGC will continue to work in support of swift passage of the fuller, long-overdue, surface transportation bill.\n\nTerry O�Sullivan, general president of the Laborers� International Union of North America, says the transportation plan is �exactly what our nation needs.�\n\n�For too long the basics of America have been allowed to deteriorate, threatening our ability to move goods and people and to compete in the global economy,� says O�Sullivan. �While nations such as China invest upwards of 10% of their GDP in new superhighways, bullet trains and other critical infrastructure, the U.S. has fallen behind, investing about 2%.�\n\nAccording to the White House, the transportation plan would build on the investments the administration has already made under the Recovery Act, and would reform the way America currently invests in transportation, �changing our focus to enhancing competition, innovation, performance, and real analysis that gets taxpayers the best bang for the buck, while moving away from the earmarks and formula debates of the past.�\n\nHighlights of the plan include:\n\n� Roads � Rebuild 150,000 mi of roads;\n\n� Railways � Construct and maintain 4,000 mi of rail � enough to go coast-to-coast;\n\n� Runways � Rehabilitate or reconstruct 150 mi of runway � while putting in place a NextGen system that will reduce travel time and delays\n\nThe White House says the plan includes the establishment of an Infrastructure Bank to �leverage federal dollars and focus on investments of national and regional significance that often fall through the cracks in the current siloed transportation programs.�\n\nThe plan would also combine with the reauthorization of a long-term surface transportation, which expired at the end of last year and the trust fund to finance them has fallen into insolvency.\n\n�If we are to enjoy the benefits that come from a world-class transportation system, Congress must enact a long-term reauthorization that expands and reforms our infrastructure investments and returns the transportation trust fund to solvency,� says a White House statement. �To jumpstart job creation, this long-run policy front-loads � through a $50 billion up-front investment � a significant share of the new infrastructure resources. As with other long-run policies, the Administration is committed to working with Congress to fully pay for the plan.�", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9819352626800537}
+{"content": "Reviews by Registered11\n\n\nthe best just keeps getting better, and x264 wins in all situations when comparing it to Xvid, the experts over at doom9 all agree that there is not a situation where Xvid (ASP) is superior to x264.\n\nthere should never be a situation where Xvid gives superior results to x264, if this does occur than without doubt x264 has been mishandled (utilized incorrectly with settings perhaps) in someway.\n\nx264 is superior to ASP encoders in every sense of the word, x264 was designed from the ground up to be a LOW & HIGH bitrate encoder!\n\n\n\n\nQuestion: what is the second word?\nIn order to prevent spam, please answer the question.\n\n\nI have had problems used APE in foobar2000...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9045766592025757}
+{"content": "Mcgraw Hill Microeconomics Explain How The Supply Of Labor Is Determined.?\n\n\n  • Home\n\nIn the labor market, there is a demand and a supply of labor. A labor market is a place where workers and firms compete for jobs. As a result of their labor, firms pay them wages. In exchange for wages, firms demand labor from their workers.\n\nWhat Are The Determinants Of Labor Supply?\n\n  • Wage rates determine the supply curve of labour, which means that the more labour is available, the more likely it is to rise.\n  • Working population is the number of people who work.\n  • The process of migration.\n  • Work preferences of people.\n  • Work has many benefits.\n  • The two are related: work and leisure.\n  • The supply of individual labour.\n  • Training duration of workers.\n  • What Is Labor Supply Microeconomics?\n\n    In economics, the supply of labor is viewed as a problem because individuals are forced to decide how to allocate the available time for various activities. A person’s income increases as he or she works more, but leisure time is less valuable as he or she works more.\n\n    What Determines The Demand For And Supply Of Labour In A Perfectly Competitive Labour Market?\n\n    In a perfectly competitive industry, the employer is faced with a downward sloping demand curve for output, which means that if the firm does not sell its output, it must lower its price in order to sell additional output. In other words, labor is the marginal product, not the revenue.\n\n    What Determines The Demand For Labor The Supply Of Labor And Labor Market Equilibrium?\n\n    In equilibrium, the equilibrium price falls when the supply of labor increases, and rises when the demand for labor increases. We must find the marginal revenue product of labor (MRPL) in order to determine demand in the labor market, which is determined by the marginal productivity of labor (MPL) and the price of labor.\n\n    What Determines The Supply Of Labor?\n\n    As a general rule, labor supply is the total number of hours that workers or employees are willing to work at a given wage. The labor supply shifts to the right or left as a result of changes in income, population, work-leisure preferences, prices of related goods and services, and future expectations.\n\n    What Determines The Market Supply Of Labor Quizlet?\n\n    In order to determine the market supply curve of labor, the quantity of labor supplied by each worker at each wage is added up, keeping all other variables that might affect worker willingness to supply labor constant.\n\n    Who Supplies Labor In Economics?\n\n    In the labor market, the number of workers who are willing to provide that labor determines how many jobs are available. A job’s comparative attractiveness is one of the factors that affects the number of workers in a given profession.\n\n    Is Labor Supply Elastic Or Inelastic?\n\n    A lower-skilled job that requires less training tends to have a more elastic labor supply. A labor shortage cannot be quickly overcome by skilled jobs.\n\n    What Does The Supply Of Labor Represent?\n\n    A labour supply is the total hours worked by workers (adjusted for their intensity of effort) at a given wage rate, as defined by mainstream economic theory.\n\n    How Is The Supply Of Labour Determined In The Labour Market?\n\n    A look at factors that determine the supply of labour by an individual and by the market. As a result of higher wages, workers are more likely to supply more labour since work is more attractive than leisure. In this case, the supply curve for labour tends to be upwardly sloping.\n\n    Which Concept Explains That The Demand For Labor Is In Part Determined By The Demand For The Good The Laborer Produces?\n\n    As the demand for labor is MPL*P, it is dependent on the demand for the product the firm produces. Using the P term, we can see that labor is in short supply. As a result of an increase in demand for the firm’s product, the price of the product rises, which increases the firm’s labor costs.\n\n    When A Firm Hires Labor From A Perfectly Competitive Labor Market?\n\n    In a perfectly competitive labor market, a firm can hire labor. Currently, the firm produces 100 units per hour, which it sells for $10 per unit at a profit-maximizing hourly rate. Five units per hour are the marginal physical product of the last unit of labor. Twenty dollars an hour is paid to each worker by the firm.\n\n    Watch mcgraw hill microeconomics explain how the supply of labor is determined. Video", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9921627640724182}
+{"content": "López anchovies, a delicacy with a Spanish stamp, carefully handcrafted. A human work, transparent and passionate, that treats its product as the best of classical music pieces: with delight and admiration. Therefore, its graphic identity is a reflection of elegance and distinction. A black and white aesthetic, that with hints of aquamarine green, makes a nod to Cantabrian waters and the treasure of their nights. A branding proposal that is reflected from the packaging to the web.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9319542646408081}
+{"content": "FOIA fails to crack spy secrets\n\n\nIn a 14-page decision, U.S. District Judge James E. Boasberg upheld the ODNI’s withholding of 21 documents. EPIC had requested “guidelines describing how the National Counterterrorism Center retrieves and safeguards information from other federal agencies.”\n\nVisit McClatchyDC for more.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6561703681945801}
+{"content": "Reduce your Cyber Exposure with Microsoft Defender\n\nSeamlessly remediate vulnerabilities and minimize risk within your organization and establish a connection between security and IT teams.\n\nIt is discovered that through the year 2020, more than 99.9% of cyber-attacks are due to known vulnerabilities.\n\nWhat are known Vulnerabilities?\n\nA known vulnerability is often one with a Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) ID. When a vulnerability is discovered, the CVE Numbering Authority (CNA) will assign it a number and used it to identify vulnerability across the databases and tools.\n\nHowever, many vulnerabilities have yet been discovered by CNA. These vulnerabilities are common in an open-source project that is done in public or stored in open databases.\n\nSome of these vulnerabilities are discovered and shared but not often fixed or file for a CVE ID. A vulnerability could also be captured in a closed vulnerability database but was not shared with the public or attacker.\n\nAll these vulnerabilities are categorized and put as known vulnerabilities.\n\nThe Unique Value of Microsoft Threat and Vulnerability Management (TVM)\nThe first and greatest defense against these assaults is by reducing exposure to known vulnerabilities and misconfiguration or preventing the threat before it occurs.\n\nIt is also important to bring in skilled security and IT teams together to repair the issues swiftly and effectively.\n\nThis is where Microsoft step in and helps business seamlessly remediate vulnerabilities and minimize risk within their organization and establish a strong connection between security and IT teams using vulnerability management feature in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint.\n\n  1. Real-time endpoint detection and response (EDR)\n    By accessing the Insight dashboard as shown below, both security administrators and security operations teams can view the organization’s exposure score and Microsoft Secure Score for Devices, along with top security recommendations, software vulnerability, remediation activities, and exposed devices.\n\nThe dashboard also is already having built-in and agent-based sensors that detect vulnerabilities even when the device is not connected to the organization’s network. This eliminates the responsibility of security and IT teams to do a periodic scan and a real-time vulnerability and misconfiguration assessment. Allowing a more detailed and precise remediate strategy.\n\n02. Risk-based prioritization\nBesides that, the TVM dashboard will also prioritize the vulnerabilities detected based on the threat insights, breach likelihood, and asset value.\n\n\nThe sorted and prioritized vulnerabilities are then given exposure score, device expose distribution, and a top security recommendation based on the organization’s risk exposure and the urgency that it requires.\n\nThe prioritization features will provide the security team with a better view of the severity of the risk and assess the true threat to the organization.\n\nIn addition to that, as shown in the figure above, each security recommendation includes a simple threat icon and remediation type that further shortens the time to mitigate and remedy the vulnerability.\n\n03. Accelerated and simplified Remediation\n\nThe security team will then be connected to the IT team through a remediation request workflow from the Security recommendation pages to Microsoft Intune.\n\nWhen done filling in the remediation request, the IT team will then receive the notification and decide whether to approve or reject the request. A remediation activity will automatically begin. Allowing both the security and IT teams to view and track the remediation progress.\n\nGive us a call today and let’s have a brainstorming session with you and see how we can better help you.\n\n\nMalaysia: Contact Us Now\n\n\n\n\nShare on facebook\nShare on twitter\nShare on linkedin\n\n\nYou got my words!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9500500559806824}
+{"content": "Chapter 1 The Solid State by TEACHING CARE Online coaching and tuition classes\n\n\nFile name : Chapter-1-The-Solid-State.pdf\n\n\n\nWe know solids are the substances which have definite volume and definite shape. A solid is nearly incompressible state of matter. This is because the particles or units (atoms, molecules or ions) making up the solid are in close contact and are in fixed positions or sites. Now, let us study some characteristic properties of solids.\n\nSolids can be distinguished from liquids and gases due to their characteristic properties. Some of these are as follows:\n\n  • Solids have definite volume, irrespective of the size of the\n  • Solids are rigid and have definite\n  • Solids are almost\n  • Many solids are crystalline in These crystals have definite pattern of angles and planes.\n  • The density of solids is generally greater than that of liquids and\n  • Solids diffuse very slowly as compared to liquids and\n  • Most solids melt on heating and become The temperature at which the solid melts and changes into liquid state under normal atmospheric pressure is called its normal melting point.\n  • Solids are not always crystalline in nature.\n  • Solids can be broadly classified into following two types :\n  • Crystalline solids/True solids (ii) Amorphous solids/Pseudo solids\n\n(1)  Difference between crystalline and amorphous solids\n\n\nPropertyCrystalline solidsAmorphous solids\nShape Melting point Heat of fusion\n\n\n\nCutting with a sharp edged tool\n\nIsotropy                  and Anisotropy\n\nVolume change\n\n\nSymmetry Interfacial angles\n\nThey have long range order. They have definite melting point\n\nThey have a definite heat of fusion They are rigid and incompressible\n\n\nThey are given cleavage i.e. they break into two pieces with plane surfaces\n\nThey are anisotropic\n\n\nThere is a sudden change in volume when it melts.\n\nThese possess symmetry\n\nThese possess interfacial angles.\n\nThey have short range order.\n\nThey do not have definite melting point They do not have definite heat of fusion\n\nThese may not be compressed to any appreciable extent\n\nThey are given irregular cleavage i.e. they break into two pieces with irregular surface\n\nThey are isotropic\n\nThere is no sudden change in volume on melting. These do not possess any symmetry.\n\nThese do not possess interfacial angles.\n\nNote : ® Isomorphism and polymorphism : Two subtances are said to be isomorphous if these possess similar\n\n\ncrystalline form and similar chemical composition e.g.,\n\nNa2 SeO4\n\n\nNa2 SO4 .\n\n\n\nKNO3 are not isomorphous\n\n\nbecause they have similar formula but different crystalline forms. The existence of a substance in more than one crystalline form is known as polymorphism e.g., sulphur shows two polymorphic forms viz. rhomibic and monoclinic sulphur.\n\n  • Glass is a supercooled\n\n\n\n  • Classification of solids : Depending upon the nature of interparticle forces the solids are classified into four types :\n\n\nTypes of SolidConstituentsBonding             ExamplesPhysical NatureM.P.B.P.Electrical Conductivity\nIonicPositive and negative ions\n\n\nCoulombic        NaCl, KCl, CaO,\n\nMgO,  LiF,  ZnS,\n\nBaSO4                and K2SO4 etc.\n\n\nElectron                SiO2 (Quartz),\n\nsharing                SiC,                             C (diamond),\n\nC(graphite) etc.\n\n(i)                                I2,S8, P4, CO2, Molecular         CH4, CCl4 etc. interactions\n\n\nu-lar forces)    Starch, sucrose,\n\n(ii)                               water, dry ice or Hydrogen              drikold (solid bonding                                       CO2) etc.\n\n\nMetallic                 Sodium  , Au, Cu, magnesium, metals and alloys\n\nLondon                  Noble gases dispersion\n\n\nHard but brittleHigh (1000K)High (≃2000K)Conductor (in molten state and\n\nin aqueous\n\n systematically   solution)\nCovalenAtomsHardVery highVery highInsulator       except\ntconnected                                    in\n\ncovalent bonds\n\n\nMolecul ar\n\n\nPolar or non- polar molecules\n\n\n\n\n\n\n(≃300K                            to 600K)\n\n\nLow (450 to 800 K)\n\n\n\n  SoftLow (≃400K) \n\n\n    (≃373K to \n\n\n\nCations  in  a sea of electrons\n\n\nDuctile malleable\n\n\nHigh (800K to 1000 K)\n\n\nHigh (≃1500K to 2000K)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nVery low\n\n\nVery low\n\n\nPoor thermal and\n\n\n\n  • Liquid Crystal : There are certain solids which when heated undergo two sharp phase transformations one after the Such solids first fuse sharply yielding turbid liquids and then further heating to a higher temperature these sharply change into clear liquids. The first temperature at which solids changes into turbid liquid is known as transition point and the second temperature at which turbid liquid changes into clear liquid is known as melting point. Such substances showing liquid crystal character are as follows :\n\np-chloesteryl benzoate, p Azoxyamisole, Diethylbenzidine etc.\n\n\n\np- Chloesteryl benzoate\n\n\n\np – Chloesteryl benzoate\n\n(liquidcrystal )\n\n\np – Chloesteryl benzoate\n\n\n\n\nA liquid crystal reflects only one colour, when light falls on it. If the temperature is changed it reflects different colour light. So, such liquid crystals can be used to detect even small temperature changes. The liquid crystals are of two types : (i) Nematic liquid crystals, (needle like), (ii) Smectic liquid crystals (soap like)\n\n  • Dispersion forces or London forces in solids : When the distribution of electrons around the nucleus is not symmetrical then there is formation of instantaneous electric Field produced due to this distorts\n\n\n\nthe electron distribution in the neighbouring atom or molecule so that it acquires a dipole moment itself. The two dipole will attract and this makes the basis of London forces or dispersion forces these forces are attractive in nature\n\n\nand the interaction energy due to this is proportional to\n\næ 1 ö . Thus, these forces are important as short distances\n\nç 6 ÷\n\n\n\nè     ø\n\n(~-500 pm). This force also depends on the polarisability of the molecules.\n\n  • Amorphous Solids (Supercooled liquid) : Solids unlike crystalline solids, do not have an ordered arrangement of their constituent atoms or ions but have a disordered or random arrangement, are called amorphous solids. Ordinary glass (metal silicate), rubber and most of the plastics are the best examples of amorphous In fact, any material can be made amorphous or glassy either by rapidly cooling or freezing its\n\n\n\nvapours for example,\n\n\ncrystallises or quartz in which\n\n\ntetrahedra are linked in a regular manner but on\n\n\nmelting and then rapid cooling, it gives glass in which\n\nProperties of Amorphous solids\n\n\ntetrahedron are randomly joined to each other.\n\n\n  • Lack of long range order/Existence of short range order : Amorphous solids do not have a long range order of their constituent atoms or However, they do have a short range order like that in the liquids.\n  • No sharp melting point/Melting over a\n  • Conversion into crystalline form on\n\nUses of Amorphous solids\n\n  • The most widely used amorphous solids are in the inorganic glasses which find application in construction, house ware, laboratory ware\n  • Rubber is amorphous solid, which is used in making tyres, shoe soles\n  • Amorphous silica has been found to be the best material for converting sunlight into electricity (in\n\nphotovoltaic cells).\n\nThe branch of science that deals with the study of structure, geometry and properties of crystals is called crystallography”.\n\n  • Laws of crystallography : Crystallography is based on three fundamental Which are as follows\n    • Law of constancy of interfacial angles : This law states that angle between adjacent corresponding faces of the crystal of a particular\n\nsubstance is always constant inspite of different shapes and sizes. The size and shape of crystal depend upon the conditions of crystallisation. This law is also known as Steno’s Law.\n\n  • Law of rational indices : This law states that the intercepts of any face of a crystal along the crystallographic axes are either equal to unit intercepts (i.e., intercepts made by unit cell) a, b, c or some simple whole number multiples of them e.g., na, nb, nc, where n, n‘ and n” are simple whole numbers. The whole numbers n, n‘ and n” are called Weiss This law was given by Hally.\n  • Law of constancy of symmetry : According to this law, all crystals of a substance have the same elements of\n\n\n\n  • Designation of planes in crystals (Miller indices) : Planes in crystals are described by a set of integers (h, k and l) known as Miller Miller indices of a plane are the reciprocals of the fractional intercepts of that plane on the various crystallographic axes. For calculating Miller indices, a reference plane, known as parametral plane, is selected having intercepts a, b and c along x, y and z-axes, respectively. Then, the intercepts of the unknown plane are given with respect to a, b and c of the\n\nparametral plane.\n\nThus, the Miller indices are :\n\nh =                            a\n\nintercept of the plane along x – axis\n\n\nk = intercept of the plane along y – axis\n\nl =                            c\n\nintercept of the plane along z – axis\n\nConsider a plane in which Weiss notation is given by\n\n¥a : 2b : c . The Miller indices of this plane may be calculated as below.\n\n\n  • Reciprocals of the coefficients of Weiss indices = 1,\n\n\n1 , 1\n\n2 1\n\n\n  • Multiplying by 2 in order to get whole numbers = 0,1, 2\n\nThus the Miller indices of the plane are 0, 1, and 2 and the plane is designated as the (012) plane, i.e.\n\nk = 1, l = 2 .\n\n\nh = 0 ,\n\n\nThe distance between the parallel planes in crystals are designated as interplanar spacing are given by the general formula,\n\ndhkl . For different cubic lattices these\n\n\n\n\n\n  • Negative signs in the Miller indices is indicated by placing a bar on the\n  • All parallel planes have same Miller\n  • The Miller indices are enclosed within i.e., brackets. Commas can be used for clarity.\n\n\nExample 1:         Calculate the Miller indices of crystal planes which cut through the crystal axes at (i) (2a, 3b, c), (ii) ( ¥, 2b, c ) (a) 3, 2, 6 and 0, 1, 2                     (b) 4, 2, 6 and 0, 2, 1          (c) 6, 2, 3 and 0, 0, 1       (d) 7, 2, 3 and 1, 1, 1\n\nSolution: (a)\n\n\n(i) xyz(ii)xyz\n2a3bc      Intercepts ¥2bc     Intercepts\n\n\n\n\n\n2a       3b\n\n\n\na          b\n\n1       1\n\nc     Lattice parameters\n\n\n2 3 1 ¥ 2 1 \n3 2 6Multiplying by LCM (6)0 1 2Multiplying by LCM (2)\n\n\n1    Reciprocals\n\n¥         2b\n\n\n\na          b\n\n1       1\n\nc     Lattice parameters\n\n\n1    Reciprocals\n\n\n\n\nHence, the Miller indices are (3, 2, 6)                                   Hence, the Miller indices are (0, 1, 2).\n\nExample 2.         Caculate the distance between 111 planes in a crystal of Ca. Repeat the calculation for the 222 planes. (a=0.556nm)\n\n  • 1 nm (b) 01.61 nm                        (c) 0.610 nm                        (d) None of the above\n\n\nSolution:(b)      We have, d =              a            ; d\n\n111 =\n\n\n= 0.321nm\n\nand d\n\n222 =\n\n\n= 0.161nm\n\n\n\nThe separation of the 111 planes is twice as great as that of 222 planes.\n\n\n  • Crystal : It is a homogeneous portion of a crystalline substance, composed of a regular pattern of structural units (ions, atoms or molecules) by plane surfaces making definite angles with each other giving a regular geometric\n  • Space lattice and Unit cell : A regular array of points (showing atoms/ions) in three dimensions is commonly called as a space lattice, or\n  • Each point in a space lattice represents an atom or a group of\n  • Each point in a space lattice has identical surroundings\n\nA three dimensional group of lattice points which when repeated in space generates the crystal called unit cell. The unit cell is described by the lengths of its edges, a, b, c (which are related to the spacing between layers)\n\nand the angles between the edges, a, b ,g .\n\n\n  • Symmetry in Crystal systems : Law of constancy of symmetry : According to this law, all crystals of a substance have the same elements of symmetry. A crystal possess following three types of symmetry :\n    • Plane of symmetry : It is an imaginary plane which passes through the centre of a crystal can divides it into two equal portions which are exactly the mirror images of each\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n  • Axis of symmetry : An axis of symmetry or axis of rotation is an imaginary line, passing through the crystal such that when the crystal is rotated about this line, it presents the same appearance more than once in one complete revolution i.e., in a rotation through 360°. Suppose, the same appearance of crystal is repeated, on rotating it through an angle of 360°/n, around an imaginary axis, is called an n-fold axis where, n is known as the\n\n\norder of axis. By order is meant the value of n in\n\n2p / n\n\nso that rotation through\n\n2p / n,\n\ngives an equivalent\n\n\nconfiguration. For example, If a cube is rotated about an axis passing perpendicularly through the centre so that the similar appearance occurs four times in one revolution, the axis is called a four – fold or a tetrad axis, [Fig (iii)]. If similar appearance occurs twice in one complete revolution i.e., after 180°, the axis is called two-fold axis of symmetry or diad axis [Fig (i)]. If the original appearance is repeated three times in one revolution i.e. rotation after 120°, the axis of symmetry is called three-fold axis of symmetry or triad axis [Fig (ii)]. Similarly, if the original appearance is repeated after an angle of 60° as in the case of a hexagonal crystal, the axis is called six-fold axis of symmetry or hexad axis [Fig (iv)].\n\n\n\n  • Centre of symmetry : It is an imaginary point in the crystal that any line drawn through it intersects the surface of the crystal at equal distance on either\n\nNote : ® Only simple cubic system have one centre of symmetry. Other system do not have centre of symmetry.\n\n  • Element of symmetry : (i) The total number of planes, axes and centre of symmetries possessed by a crystal is termed as elements of\n\n(ii) A cubic crystal possesses total 23 elements of symmetry.\n\n\n\n(a) Plane of symmetry( 3 + 6)=9\n(b) Axes of symmetry( 3 + 4 + 6)=13\n(c) Centre of symmetry(1)=1\n\nTotal symmetry = 23\n\n  • Formation of crystals : The crystals of the substance are obtained by cooling the liquid (or the melt) of the solution of that The size of the crystal depends upon the rate of cooling. If cooling is carried out slowly, crystals of large size are obtained because the particles (ions, atoms or molecules) get sufficient time to arrange themselves in proper positions.\n\n\n(If loosing units dissolves as embryo and if gaining unit grow as a crystals).\n\n  • Crystal systems : Bravais (1848) showed from geometrical considerations that there can be only 14 different ways in which similar points can be arranged. Thus, there can be only 14 different space lattices. These 14 types of lattices are known as Bravais Lattices. But on the other hand Bravais showed that there are only seven types of crystal The seven crystal systems are :\n\n\n(a) Cubic(b) Tetragonal(c) Orthorhombic(d) Rhombohedral\n(e) Hexagonal(f) Monoclinic(g) Triclinic \n\n\nBravais lattices corresponding to different crystal systems\n\n\nCrystal systemSpace latticeExamples\nCubicSimple  :  Lattice  points  at     Body  centered  :  Points     Face    centered      : the   eight   corners   of   the   at the eight corners and    Points  at  the  eight unit cells.                                                          at the body centred.               corners and at the\n\nsix face centres.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSimple    :    Points    at    the      Body centered : Points at the eight corners and eight  corners  of  the  unit       at the body centre\n\n\n\n\n\nSimple:    Points      End  centered  :  Also      Body  centered      Face       centered:\n\n Pb, Hg, Ag,\n a = b = c , Au, Cu, ZnS ,\nHere a, b and c are parameters (diamensions of a unit cell along three axes) size of crystals depend\n\non parameters.\n\ndiamond, KCl,\n\n NaCl, Cu2O,CaF2\n\nand alums. etc.\n\na = b = g = 90o \nab and g are sizes of three                 angles\n\nbetween the axes.\n\nTetragonal SnO2, TiO2,\n a = b ¹ c , ZnO2, NiSO4\na = b = g = 90o ZrSiO4 . PbWO4 ,\n white Sn etc.\n\n\n\n\n\n KNO3 , K2SO4 ,\n\n\n\n\n\n\n a ¹ b ¹ c ,\n\nat      the      eight corners of the\n\ncalled side centered or   base        centered.\n\n: Points at the eight          corners\n\nPoints      at      the eight  coreners\n\n PbCO3, BaSO4 ,\n\nrhombic sulphur,\n\n\na = b = g = 90 o\n\nunit cell.\n\nPoints at the eight corners and at two face centres opposite to each other.\n\nand      at       the body centre\n\nand at the six face centres.\n\n MgSO4 . 7H2O  etc.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRhombohedral or Trigonal\n\n a = b = c ,\n\na = b = g ¹ 90o\n\nSimple : Points at the eight corners of the unit cell\n\n NaNO3, CaSO4 ,\n\ncalcite, quartz,\n\n As, Sb, Bi etc.\n\n\n\n\n a = b ¹ c ,\n\na = b = 90o\n\ng = 120o\n\nSimple : Points at the twelve corners of the unit cell out lined  by  thick line.\n\nor Points at the twelve corners of the hexagonal prism and at  the  centres of the two hexagonal faces.\n\n ZnO, PbS, CdS,\n\n HgS, graphite, ice,\n\n Mg, Zn, Cd etc.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n a ¹ b ¹ c ,\n\na = g = 90o, b ¹ 90o\n\nSimple : Points at the eight  corners of the unit cell\n\nEnd centered : Point at the eight corners and at two face centres opposite to the each other.\n\n Na2SO4  .10H2O,\n\n Na2 B4 O7 .10H2O,\n\n CaSO4 .2H2O,\n\nmonoclinic sulphur etc.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n a ¹ b ¹ c ,\n\na ¹ b ¹ g ¹ 90o\n\nSimple : Points at the eight corners of the unit cell.\n\n CaSO4 .5H2O,\n\n K2Cr2O7 , H3 BO3\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nNote :           ® Out of seven crystal systems triclinic is the most unsymmetrical ( a ¹ b ¹ c,\n\na ¹ b ¹ g\n\n¹ 90).\n\n\n\n\n  • Close packing in crystalline solids : In the formation of crystals, the constituent particles (atoms, ions or molecules) get closely packed together. The closely packed arrangement is that in which maximum available space is\n\noccupied. This corresponds to a state of maximum density. The closer the packing, the greater is the stability of the packed system. It is of two types :\n\n  • Close packing in two dimensions : The two possible arrangement of close packing in two\n  • Square close packing : In which the spheres in the adjacent row lie just one over the other and show a horizontal as well as vertical alignment and form Each sphere in this arrangement is in contact with four spheres.\n  • Hexagonal close packing : In which the spheres in every second row are seated in the depression between the spheres of first row. The spheres in the third row are vertically aligned with spheres in first row. The similar pattern is noticed throughout the crystal structure. Each sphere in this arrangement is in contact with six other\n\nNote : ® Hexagonal close packing is more dense than square close packing.\n\n  • In hexagonal close packing about 4% of available space is occupied by spheres. Whereas, square close packing occupies only 52.4% of the space by spheres.\n  • In square close packing the vacant spaces (voids) are between four touching spheres, whose centres lie at the corners of a square are called square voids. While in hexagonal close packing the vacant spaces (voids) are between three touching spheres, whose centres lie at the corners of an equilateral triangle are called triangular voids.\n  • Close packing in three dimensions : In order to develop three dimensional close packing, let us retain the hexagonal close packing in the first For close packing each\n\nspheres in the second layer rests in the hollow at the centre of three\n\ntouching spheres in the layer as shown in figure. The spheres in the first layer are shown by solid lines while those in second layer are shown by broken lines. It may be noted that only half the triangular voids in the first layer are occupied by spheres in the second layer (i.e., either b or c). The unoccupied hollows or voids in the first layer are indicated by (c) in figure.\n\nThere are two alternative ways in which species in third layer can be arranged over the second layer,\n\n  • Hexagonal close packing : The third layer lies vertically above the first and the spheres in third layer rest in one set of hollows on the top of the second layer. This arrangement is called ABAB …. type and 74% of the available space is occupied by\n\n\n\n\n  • Cubic close packing : The third layer is different from the first and the spheres in the third layer lie on the other set of hollows marked ‘C’ in the first This arrangement is called ABCABC….. type and in this also 74% of the available space is occupied by spheres. The cubic close packing has face centred cubic (fcc) unit cell.\n\nThis arrangement is found in Be, Mg, Zn, Cd, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr.\n\nThis arrangement is found in Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pt, Pd, Co, Rh, Ca, Sr.\n\n  • Body centred cubic (bcc) : This arrangement of spheres (or atoms) is not exactly close packed. This structure can be obtained if spheres in the first layer\n\n(A) of close packing are slightly opened up. As a result none of these spheres are in contact with each other. The second layer of spheres (B) can be placed on top of the first layer so that each sphere of the second layer is in contact with four spheres of the layer below it. Successive building of the third will be exactly like the first layer. If this pattern of building layers is repeated infinitely we get an\n\narrangement as shown in figure. This arrangement is found in Li, Na, K, Rb, Ba, Cs, V, Nb, Cr, Mo, Fe.\n\n\n\n\n  • Comparison of hcp, ccp and bcc\n\n\nPropertyHexagonal close packed (hcp)Cubic close packed (ccp)Body centred cubic (bcc)\nArrangement of packingClose packedClose packedNot close packed\nType of packingAB AB AB A…..ABC ABC A….AB AB AB A……\nAvailable                     space74%74%68%\nCoordination number12128\nMalleability and ductilityLess malleable, hard and brittleMalleable and ductile \n  • Interstitial sites in close packed structures : Even in the close packing of spheres, there is left some empty space between the This empty space in the crystal lattice is called site or void or hole. Voids are of following types\n  • Trigonal void : This site is formed when three spheres lie at the vertices of an equilateral Size of the trigonal site is given by the following relation.\n\nwhere,   r = Radius of the spherical trigonal site\n\nR = Radius of closely packed spheres\n\n\n\n\n  • Tetrahedral void : A tetrahedral void is developed when triangular voids (made by three spheres in one layer touching each other) have contact with one sphere either in the upper layer or in the lower This type of void is surrounded by four spheres and the centres of these spheres lie at the\n\napices of a regular tetrahedron, hence the name tetrahedral site for this void.\n\nIn a close packed structure, there are two tetrahedral voids associated with each sphere because every void has four spheres around it and there are eight voids around each sphere. So the number of tetrahedral voids is double the number of spheres in the crystal structure. The\n\nmaximum radius of the atoms which can fit in the tetrahedral voids relative to the radius of the sphere is calculated to\n\nbe 0.225: 1, i.e.,\n\n\nr = 0.225 ,\n\n\nwhere r is the radius of the tetrahedral void or atom occupying tetrahedral void and R is the radius of spheres forming tetrahedral void.\n\n\n  • Octahedral void : This type of void is surrounded by six closely packed spheres,\n\ni.e. it is formed by six spheres. Out of six spheres, four are placed in the same plane touching each other, one sphere is placed from above and the other from below the plane of these spheres. These six spheres surrounding the octahedral void are present at the vertices of regular octahedron. Therefore, the number of octahedral voids is equal to the number of spheres. The ratio of the radius (r) of the atom or ion which can exactly fit in the octahedral void formed by spheres of radius R has been calculated to be 0.414, i.e.\n\n\n\n\n  • Cubic void : This type of void is formed between 8 closely packed spheres which occupy all the eight corner of cube e. this site is surrounded by eight spheres which touch each other. Here radius ratio is calculated to be 0.732, i.e.\n\nThus, the decreasing order of the size of the various voids is Cubic > Octahedral\n\n> Tetrahedral > Trigonal\n\nImportant Tips\n\n  • At the limiting value of radius ratio r + / r , the forces of attraction & repulsion are\n  • The most malleable metals (Cu, Ag, Au) have cubic close\n  • Cubic close packing has fcc (face centred cubic) unit cell\n  • Number of octahedral voids = Number of atoms present in the closed packed\n  • Number of tetrahedral voids = 2 × Number of octahedral voids = 2 × Number of\n\n\nSimplest crystal system is to be studied in cubic system. Three types of cubic systems are following\n\n  • Simple cubic (sc) : Atoms are arranged only at the\n  • Body centred cubic (bcc) : Atoms are arranged at the corners and at the centre of the cube.\n  • Face centred cubic (fcc) : Atoms are arranged at the corners and at the centre of each\n  • Atomic radius : It is defined as the half of the distance between nearest neighbouring atoms in a It is expressed in terms of length of the edge (a) of the unit cell of the crystal.\n    • Simple cubic structure (sc) : Radius of atom ‘r‘ = a\n\n\n(ii)   Face centred cubic structure (fcc) : ‘r‘ =  a \n\n\n(iii)   Body centred cubic structure (bcc) : ‘r‘ =  3a\n\n\n  • Number of atoms per unit cell/Unit cell contents  : The total number of atoms contained in the unit cell for a simple cubic called the unit cell\n    • Simple cubic structure (sc) : Each corner atom is shared by eight surrounding Therefore, it\n\n\ncontributes for\n\n1 of an atom. \\\n\n\nZ = 8 ´ 1 = 1 atom per unit cell in crystalline solid.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n  • Face centered cubic structure (fcc) : The eight corners atoms contribute for\n\n1 of an atom and thus\n\n\n\none atom per unit cell. Each of six face centred atoms is shared by two adjacent unit cells and therefore one face\n\n\ncentred atom contribute half of its share. \\ Z = 6 ´ 1 = 3\n\n\natom per unit cell.\n\n\nSo, total Z = 3 + 1 = 4 atoms per unit cell.\n\n  • Body centered cubic structure (bcc) : Eight corner atoms contribute one atom per unit\n\n\n\nCentre atom contribute one atom per unit cell. So, total 1 + 1 = 2 atoms per unit cells.\n\nZ = 8 ´ 1 + 1 = 2\n\n\n\nNote : ® Number of atoms in unit cell : It can be determined by the simplest relation = nc + nf + ni\n\n\n\n\nnc =\n\nNumber of atoms at the corners of the cube = 8\n\n8     2     1\n\n\nnf   =\n\nn i =\n\nNumber of atoms at six faces of the cube = 6 Number of atoms inside the cube = 1\n\n\n\nCubic unit cellncnfniTotal atom in per unit cell\nSimple cubic (sc)8001\nbody centered cubic (bcc)8012\nFace centered cubic (fcc)8604\n  • Co-ordination number (C.N.) : It is defined as the number of nearest neighbours or touching particles with other particle present in a crystal is called its co-ordination It depends upon structure of the crystal.\n    • For simple cubic system N. = 6.\n    • For body centred cubic system N. = 8\n    • For face centred cubic system N. = 12.\n  • Density of the unit cell : It is defined as the ratio of mass per unit cell to the total volume of unit\n\nDensity of unit cell (r) = mass of unit cell ; r Number of particles ´ mass of each particle or Z ´ M  \n\n\n\nvolume of unit cell\n\nvolume of the unit cell\n\na 3 ´ N\n\n\nWhere Z = Number of particles per unit cell, M = Atomic mass or molecular mass,\n\nN 0 = Avogadro number\n\n\n(6.023 ´ 10 23 mol -1 ) , a =\n\n\n\nEdge length of the unit cell= a  pm = a ´ 10 -10 cm ,\n\na 3 = volume of the unit cell\n\n\n\nThe density of the substance is same as the density of the unit cell.\n\n  • Packing fraction (P.F.) : It is defined as ratio of the volume of the unit cell that is occupied by spheres of the unit cell to the total volume of the unit\n\nLet radius of the atom in the packing = r\n\nEdge length of the cube = a\n\n\n\n\n\nVolume of the cube V = a3\n\n\nVolume of the atom (spherical) n =\n\n4 pr 3 , then packing density = nZ\n\n3                                     V\n\n4 pr 3 Z\n\n= 3      \n\n\n\n  • Simple cubic unit cell : Let the radius of atom in packing is r. Atoms are present at the corner of the cube, each of the eight atom present at the eight corners shared amongst eight unit\n\n\nHence number of atoms per unit cell = 8 ´ 1\n\n\n4 pr 3\n\n= 1 , again r = a\n\n\n\n\\ P.F. = 3    = 0.52 ; % P.F. = 52%, then % of void = 100 – 52 = 48%\n\n\n  • Body centred cubic unit cell : Number of atoms per unit cell = 8 ´ 1 + 1 = 2 , r = 3a\n\n8                  4\n\n2 ´ 4 pr 3\n\nP.F. =     3     = 0.68 ; % P.F. = 68%, then % of void = 100 – 68 = 32%\n\næ 4r ö3\n\n\n  • Face centred cubic unit cell : Number of atoms per unit cell = 4, r = 2a\n\n\n4 ´ 4 pr 3\n\nP.F. =      3     = 0.74 ; % P.F. = 74% , then % of void = 100 – 74=26%\n\næ 4r ö3\n\n\n  • Ionic radii : X-ray diffraction or electron diffraction techniques provides the necessary information regarding unit From the dimensions of the unit cell, it is possible to calculate ionic\n\n\nrc + ra = a / 2\n\nLet, cube of edge length ‘a‘ having cations and anions say NaCl structure. Then,\n\n\nwhere rc\n\nand ra\n\nare radius of cation and anion.\n\n\n\n\nRadius of Cl =                              = a\n\n\n\n\n\nFor body centred lattice say CsCl.\n\nrc + ra   =    2\n\n\nRadius ratio : Ionic compounds occur in crystalline forms. Ionic compounds are made of cations and anions. These ions are arranged in three dimensional array to form an aggregate of the type (A+B)n . Since, the Coulombic forces are non-directional, hence the structures of such crystals are mainly governed by the ratio of the\n\n\nradius of cation (r+ ) to that of anion (r– ). The ratio r+\n\nto r\n\n(r+ / r– ) is called as radius ratio.\n\n\n\nRadius ratio =r+\n\n\nThe influence of radius ratio on co-ordination number may be explained as follows : Consider an ideal case of octahedral voids in close packing of anions with radius ratio 0.414 and co-ordination number six. An increase in size of cation increases the radius ratio from 0.414, then the anions move apart so as to accommodate the larger cation. As the radius ratio increases more and more beyond 0.732, the anions move further and further apart till a stage is obtained when more anions can be accommodated and this cation occupies a bigger void i.e., cubic void with co-ordination number eight.\n\nWhen the radius ratio decreases from 0.414, the six anions would not be able to touch the smaller cation and in doing so, they overlap each other. This causes the cation to occupy a smaller void i.e., tetrahedral void leading to co-ordination number four\n\nLimiting Radius ratios and Structure\n\n\nLimiting radius ratio (r+)/(r)C.N.Shape\n< 0.1552Linear\n0.155 – 0.2253Planar triangle\n0.225 – 0.4144Tetrahedral\n0.414 – 0.7326Octahedral\n0.732 – 0.999 or 18Body-centered cubic\n\n\n\n\n\n\nCharacteristics of Some Typical Crystal Structure\n\n\nCrystalType of unit cellExample  r+ \n\n\nC.N.Number of formula units of (AB, or AB2) per unit cell\nCsBrBody-centredCsBr, TiCl 0.938 – 81\nNaClFace-centredAgCl, MgO 0.526 – 64\nZnSFace-centredZnS 0.404 – 44\nCaF2Face-centredCaF2,      SrF2,CdF2,0.738 – 44\n\nNote : ® The ionic radius increases as we move from top to bottom in a group of periodic table for example :\n\nNa + < K + < Rb+ < Cs+ and F < Cl < Br < I\n\n\n  • Along a period, usually iso-electronic ions are obtained g.\n\nNa+, Mg2+, Al3+\n\n(greater the nuclear charge, smaller the\n\n\nsize, Al3+ < Mg 2+ < Na+ )\n\n\nExample : 3       A metallic element crystallizes into a lattice containing a sequence of layers of ABABAB………………… Any packing\n\nof spheres leaves out voids in the lattice. The percentage by volume of empty space of this is (a) 26%                                    (b) 21%                          (c) 18%                           (d) 16 %\n\nSolution :(a)     The hexagonal base consists of six equilateral triangles, each with side 2r and altitude 2r sin 60°.\n\n\nHence, area of base = 6 é 1 (2r)(2r sin 60 o )ù = 6\n\n3.r 2\n\n\nêë 2                                             úû\n\nThe height of the hexagonal is twice the distance between closest packed layers.\n\nThe latter can be determined to a face centred cubic lattice with unit cell length a. In such a lattice, the distance\n\nbetween closest packed layers is one third of the body diagonal, i.e. 3a , Hence\n\n\nHeight (h) = 2 é 3a ù = 2a\n\n\nêê 3 ú\n\nNow, in the face centred lattice, atoms touch one another along the face diagonal,\n\n\n\n4r =\n\n2 .a\n\n\n\nWith this, the height of hexagonal becomes :\n\nHeight (h) = 2 é 4r ù = é4 2 ù .r\n\n\n\nê       ú     ê\n\në       û     êë\n\n\n3 úû\n\n\n\nVolume of hexagonal unit is, V = (base area) ´ (height) = (6\n\n3 r 2 ) é 4  \n\n\n\n\n.rú = 24\n\n\n2.r 3\n\n\nIn one hexagonal unit cell, there are 6 atoms as described below :\n\n  • 3 atoms in the central layer which exclusively belong to the unit\n  • 1 atom from the centre of the There are two atoms of this type and each is shared between two hexagonal unit cells.\n  • 2 atoms from the There are 12 such atoms and each is shared amongst six hexagonal unit cells.\n\n\n\n\nNow, the volume occupied by atoms = 6é 4 pr 3 ù\n\nêë 3             úû\n\n6æ 4 pr 3 ö\n\n\nFraction of volume occupied by atoms =\n\n\n  Volume occupied by atoms  =  è\n\nVolume of hexagonal unit cell\n\n\n\nø = p / 3\n\n= 0.74.\n\n\nFraction of empty space = (1.00 – 0.74) = 0.26\n\nPercentage of empty space = 26%\n\nExample : 4       Silver metal crystallises in a cubic closest – packed arrangement with the edge of the unit cell having a length\n\na = 407 pm. . What is the radius of silver atom.\n\n(a) 143.9 pm                        (b) 15.6 pm                          (c) 11.59 pm                        (d) 13.61 pm\n\nSolution :(a)      AC 2 + AB2 = BC 2\n\n\n\nAC = AB = a,\n\na 2 + a 2 = (4r)2\n\n2a 2 = 16r 2\n\na 2\n\nBC = 4r\n\n\n\\             r 2 =\n\n\n\n\\             r    a    = 407\n\n= 143.9 pm .\n\n\n2         2\n\nExample : 5       From the fact that the length of the side of a unit cell of lithium is 351 pm. Calculate its atomic radius. Lithium forms body centred cubic crystals.\n\n(a) 152.69 pm                      (b) 62.71 pm                        (c) 151.98 pm                      (d) 54.61 pm\n\nSolution : (c)     In (bcc) crystals, atoms touch each other along the cross diagonal.\n\n\nHence, Atomic radius (R) = a 3\n\n\n= 351´    3 = 151.98 pm\n\n\n\nExample : 6       Atomic radius of silver is 144.5 pm. The unit cell of silver is a face centred cube. Calculate the density of silver. (a) 10.50 g/cm3                             (b) 16.50 g/cm3                 (c) 12.30 g/cm3                  (d) 15.50 g/cm3\n\nSolution :(a)     For (fcc) unit cell, atoms touch each other along the face diagonal.\n\n\nHence, Atomic radius (R) =\n\n\na =         = 4 ´ 144.5 pm = 408.70pm = 408.70 ´ 1010 cm\n\n\n\nDensity (D) = ZM ,\n\n\nV = a 3\n\n\nD =     ZM   ; where Z for (fcc) unit cell = 4 , Avagadro’s number\n\na 3 N 0\n\n(N 0\n\n) = 6.023 ´ 10 23 , Volume of cube\n\n\n( V ) = (408.70 ´ 10 10 )3 cm3 and M (Mol. wt.) of silver = 108,\n\n\nD =                   4 ´ 108                          (408.70 ´ 1010 )3 ´ 6.023 ´ 10 23\n\n= 10.50 g / cm3\n\n\n\n\nExample : 7       Lithium borohydride (LiBH4 ), crystallises in an orthorhombic system with 4 molecules per unit cell. The unit\n\n\ncell dimensions are : a = 6.81Å, b= 4.43Å, c=717Å. If the molar mass of density of the crystal is –\n\n\nis 21.76\n\ng mol -1 . The\n\n\n(a) 0.668 g cm-3\n\n(b) 0.585g cm2\n\n(c) 1.23 g cm3\n\n(d) None\n\n\nSolution : (a) We know that, r = ZM =\n\n4 ´ (21.76 gmol 1 )\n\n=                      -3\n\n\nN 0 V\n\n(6.023 ´ 10 23 mol 1 )(6.81 ´ 4.43 ´ 7.17 ´ 1024 cm3 )\n\n0.668 g cm\n\n\nExample : 8       A metallic elements exists as a cubic lattice. Each edge of the unit cell is 2.88Å. The density of the metal is\n\n7.20 g cm3 . How many unit cells will be present in 100 gm of the metal.\n\n\n(a) 5.82 ´ 10 23\n\n(b) 6.33 ´ 10 23\n\n(c) 7.49 ´ 10 24\n\n(d) 6.9 ´ 10 24\n\n\nSolution : (a) The volume of unit cell (V) = a3 = (2.88Å)3 = 23.9 ´ 1024 cm3\n\n\n\nVolume of 100 g of the metal =\n\nMass Density\n\n= 100\n\n\n= 13.9cm2\n\n\n\nNumber of unit cells in this volume =\n\n\n23.9 ´ 1024 cm3\n\n= 5.82 ´ 10 23\n\n\nExample : 9       Silver crystallizes in a face centred cubic system, 0.408 nm along each edge. The density of silver is 10.6\n\ng / cm3 and the atomic mass is 107.9 g / mol. Calculate Avogadro’s number. (a) 6.00 ´ 10 23 atom/mol                                                      (b) 9.31 ´ 10 23 atom/mol\n\n(c) 6.23 ´ 10 23 atom/mol                                        (d) 9.61 ´ 10 23 atom/mol\n\n\nSolution:(a)      The unit cell has a volume of (0.408 ´ 109 m)3 = 6.79 ´ 1029 m3\n\nvolume of 1 mole of silver is,\n\nper unit cell and contains four atoms. The\n\n\n\n107.9 g / molé(1 ´ 10-2 m)3 ù = 1.02 ´ 105 m3 / mol ; where 107.9 g/mol is the molecular mass of the silver\n\nê      10.6g       ú\n\nThe number of unit cells per mol. is,\n\nç                  -29     3 ÷\n\n1.02 ´ 105 m3 / molæ          1unit cell      ö = 1.50 ´ 10 23 unit cells per mol.\n\n6.79 ´ 10      m\n\nè                               ø\n\næ 4atoms ö æ 1.50 ´ 10 23 unit cell ö                               23\n\n\nand the number of atoms per mol. is,\n\nç unit cell ÷ ç\n\n\n÷ = 6.00 ´ 10\n\n\n\nè                ø è                                     ø\n\nExample: 10      Fraction of total volume occupied by atoms in a simple cube is\n\n\n\n(a) p\n\n\n(d) p\n\n8                                  6                                 6\n\n\nSolution:(d)       In a simple cubic system, number of atoms a = 2r\n\npr 3      4 pr 3\n\n\\ Packing fraction = Volume occupied by one atom = 3              = 3       p\n\nVolume of unit cell                  a 3        (2r)3      6\n\n\n\n\n\nExample: 11      A solid AB has the NaCl structure. If radius of cation the radius of the anion B\n\nA+ is 120 pm, calculate the maximum possible value of\n\n\n(a) 240 pm                            (b) 280 pm                            (c) 270 pm                            (d) 290 pm\n\nSolution:(d)      We know that for the NaCl structure\n\n\n\nradius of cation/radius of anion = 0.414;\n\n\n\n= 0.414 ; r\n\n=    rA+\n\n\n=   120 = 290pm\n\n\n\nExample: 12      CsBr has a (bcc) arrangement and its unit cell edge length is 400 pm. Calculate the interionic                    distance     in\n\n\n\n(a) 346.4 pm                        (b) 643 pm                            (c) 66.31 pm                        (d) 431.5 pm\n\nSolution:(a)      The (bcc) structure of CsBr is given in figure\n\n[CBSE 1993]\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe body diagonal\n\nAD = a\n\n, where a is the length of edge of unit cell                  A\n\n\nOn the basis of figure\n\n\nAD = 2(rCs + + rCl – )\n\n\n\n\na       = 2(r\n\n  • r ) or (r\n\n+ r     ) = a 3 = 400 ´  3\n\n= 200 ´ 1.732 = 346.4 pm\n\n\n\n\nCs +\n\nCl –                 2                 2\n\n\nIonic compounds consist of positive and negative ions arranged in a manner so as to acquire minimum potential energy (maximum stability). To achieve the maximum stability, ions in a crystal should be arranged in such a way that forces of attraction are maximum and forces of repulsion are minimum. Hence, for maximum stability the oppositely charged ions should be as close as possible to one another and similarly charged ions as far away as possible from one another. Among the two ions constituting the binary compounds, the larger ions (usually anions) form a close-packed arrangement (hcp or ccp) and the smaller ions (usually cations) occupy the interstitial voids. Thus in every ionic compound, positive ions are surrounded by negative ions and vice versa. Normally each ions is surrounded by the largest possible number of oppositely charged ions. This number of oppositely charged ions surrounding each ions is termed its coordination number.\n\nClassification of ionic structures : In the following structures, a black circle would denote an anion and a\n\n\nwhite circle would denote a cation. In any solid of the type Ax By\n\nof B would be y : x .\n\nthe ratio of the coordination number of A to that\n\n\n  • Rock salt structure : The NaCl structure is composed of\n\nNa +\n\nand Cl – . The no. of\n\nNa +\n\nions is equal to\n\n\nthat of\n\nCl – . The radii of\n\nNa +\n\n\n\nare 95 pm and 181 pm respectively\n\nrNa +\n\n\n= 95pm 181pm\n\n= 0.524 . The radius\n\n\nratio of 0.524 for NaCl suggests an octahedral voids. Chloride is forming a fcc unit cell in which\n\nNa +\n\nis in the\n\n\noctahedral voids. The coordination number of\n\nNa +\n\nis 6 and therefore that of Cl\n\nwould also be 6. Moreover, there\n\n\nare 4\n\nNa +\n\nions and 4\n\n\nions per unit cell. The formula is\n\nNa4 Cl4\n\ni.e., NaCl. The other substances having this\n\n\nkind of a structure are halides of all alkali metals except cesium, halides and oxides of all alkaline earth metals except berylium oxide.\n\n\n\n\n  • Zinc blende structure : Sulphide ions are face centred and zinc is present in alternate tetrahedral\n\n\nFormula is\n\nZn4 S4 , i.e., ZnS. Coordination number of Zn is 4 and that of sulphide is also 4. Other substance that\n\n\nexists in this kind of a structure is BeO.\n\n\nThe zine sulphide crystals are composed of\n\n\nequal no. of\n\n\n\nS 2-\n\nions. The radii of\n\n\ntwo ions ( Zn+2 = 74 pm\n\n\nS2-   = 184 pm ) led\n\n\nto the radius ratio ( r + / r – ) as 0.40 which suggests a tetrahedral arrangement\n\n\nrZn +2 rS 2-\n\n= 74 pm = 0.40 184 pm\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n  • Fluorite structure : Calcium ions are face centred and fluorite ions are present in all the tetrahedral\n\nvoids. There are four calcium ions and eight fluoride ions per unit cell. Therefore the formula is Ca4 F8 , (i.e. CaF2 ).\n\nThe coordination number of fluoride ions is four (tetrahedral voids) and thus the coordination number of calcium ions is eight. Other substances which exist in this kind of structure are UO2 and ThO2 .\n\n\n\n\n  • Anti-fluorite structure : Oxide ions are face centred and lithium ions are present in all the tetrahedral There are four oxide ions and eight lithium ions per unit cell. As it can be seen, this unit cell is just the reverse of fluorite structure, in the sense that, the position of cations and anions is interchanged. Other substances which\n\n\nexist in this kind of a structure are\n\nNaO ,\n\n\n\nRb2 O .\n\n\n  • Spinel and inverse spinel structure : Spinel is a mineral\n\n(MgAl2 O4 ) . Generally they can be\n\n\nrepresented as\n\nM 2+ M 3+ O4\n\n. Where\n\nM 2+\n\nis present in one-eighth of tetrahedral voids in a fcc lattice of oxide ions\n\n\n\n\nM 3+\n\npresent in half of the octahedral voids.\n\nM 2+\n\nis usually Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn and Mn,\n\nM 3+\n\nis generally Al,\n\n\nFe, Mn, Cr and Rh. e.g.,\n\nZnAl 2 O4 , Fe3 O4 , FeCr2 O4 etc.\n\n\n  • Cesium halide structure : Chloride ions are primitive cubic while the cesium ion occupies the centre of the unit cell. There is one chloride ion and one cesium ion per unit cell. Therefore the formula is CsCl. The coordination number of cesium is eight and that of chloride is ions is also eight. Other substances which exist in this kind of a structure are all halides of\n\n\nThe CsCl crystal is composed of equal no. of\n\nCs +\n\n\n\nions. The radii of two ions ( Cs +   = 160pm\n\n\n\nCl – = 181pm ) led to radius ratio of rCs +\n\nto rCl\n\nas 0.884\n\n\n\n\nrCs +\n\n\n= 160pm = 0.884 181pm\n\n\nSuggests a body centred cubic structure cubic structure having a cubic hole.\n\n\n\n  • Corundum structure : The general formula of compounds crystallizing in corundum structure is\n\nAl2 O3 .\n\n\nThe closest packing is that of anions (oxide) in hexagonal primitive lattice and two-third of the octahedral voids are\n\n\nfilled with trivalent cations. e.g.,\n\nFe2 O3 ,\n\nAl 2 O3\n\nand Cr2 O3 .\n\n\n  • Pervoskite structure : The general formula is\n\nABO3 . One of the cation is bivalent and the other is\n\n\ntetravalent. e.g.,\n\nCaTiO3 , BaTiO3 . The bivalent ions are present in primitive cubic lattice with oxide ions on the\n\n\ncentres of all six square faces. The tetravalent cation is in the centre of the unit cell occupying octahedral void.\n\n\n\n\nNote : ® On applying high pressure, NaCl structure having 6:6 coordination number changes to CsCl structure having 8:8 coordination number similarly, CsCl having 8:8 coordination number on heating to 760 K changes to NaCl structure having 6:6 coordination number.\n\nDepending upon the relative number of positive and negative ions present in ionic compounds, it is convenient to divide them into groups like AB, AB2, AB3, etc. Ionic compounds of the type AB and AB2 are discussed below.\n\n\n\nS. No.             Crystal StructureBrief descriptionExamplesCo-ordination numberNumber of formula units per\n\nunit cell\n\n1.          Type ABIt has fcc arrangement in whichHalides of Li, Na, K, Rb, Na+ = 64\nRock salt (NaCl) type Cl ions occupy the corners and face centres of a cube whileAgF,         AgBr,        NH4Cl, NH4Br, NH4I etc. Cl = 6 \n  Na +       ions  are   present   at   the   \n body and edge of centres.   \n2.          Zinc     blendeIt has ccp arrangement in which CuCl, CuBr, CuI, AgI, BeS Zn2+ = 44\n(ZnS) type S2 ions form fcc and each  Zn2+\n\nion is  surrounded  tetrahedrally\n\n  S 2 = 4 \n by four S 2 ions and vice versa.   \n3.          Type AB2It  has   arrangement   in   which BaF2, BaCl2, SrF2 Ca 2+ = 84\nFluorite (CaF2) type Ca2+  ions   form   fcc   with   each\n\n Ca 2+   ions   surrounded   by    8 F\n\n SrCl2, CdF2, PbF2 F = 4 \n ions and each F  ions by 4Ca2+   \n4.          AntifluoriteHere negative ions form the ccp Na2O Na + = 44\ntypearrangement       so      that       each\n\npositive ion is surrounded by 4\n\n  O 2 = 8 \n negative ions and each negative   \n ion by 8 positive ions   \n5.          CaesiumIt has the bcc arrangement with CsCl, CsBr, CsI, CsCN, Cs+ = 81\n\n(CsCl) type\n\n Cs+ at the body centre and  Cl\n\nions at the corners of a cube or\n\n TlCl, TlBr, TlI and TlCN  Cl – = 8 \n vice versa.   \n\n\n\n\n(iii) Crystal structure of some metals at room temperature and pressure :\n\n\nX-ray diffraction and Bragg’s Equation : Crystal structure has been obtained by studying on the diffraction of X-rays by solids. A crystal, having constituents particles arranged in planes at very small distances in three dimension array, acts as diffraction grating for X– rays which have wavelengths of the same order as the spacing in crystal.\n\nWhen a beam of X-rays passes through a crystalline solid, each atom in the beam scatters some of the radiations. If waves are on same phase means if their peak and trough coincides they add together to give a wave of greater amplitude. This enhancement of intensity is called constructive interference. If waves are out of phase, they cancel. This cancellation is called destructive interference.\n\nThus X– ray diffraction results from the scattering of X-rays by a regular arrangement of atoms or ions.\n\nBragg’s equation : Study of internal structure of crystal can be done with the help of X-rays. The distance of the constituent particles can be determined from diffraction value by Bragg’s equation,.\n\n\nnl = 2d sinq\n\nwhere, l = Wave length of X-rays, n = order of diffraction,\n\nq = Angle of reflection, d = Distance between two parallel surfaces\n\n\nThe above equation is known as Bragg’s equation or Bragg’s law. The reflection corresponding to n = 1 (for a given family of planes) is called first order reflection; the reflection corresponding to n = 2 is the second order reflection and so on. Thus by measuring n (the order of reflection of the X-rays) and the incidence angle q, we can\n\n\nknow d/l.\n\nd =     n     \n\n\nl     2 sinq\n\nFrom this, d can be calculated if l is known and vice versa. In X-ray reflections, n is generally set as equal to\n\n  1. Thus Bragg’s equation may alternatively be written as\n\nl = 2 d sinq = 2 dhkl sinq\n\nWhere dhkl denotes the perpendicular distance between adjacent planes with the indices hkl.\n\n\n\n\n\nExample : 15 The first order reflection (n = 1) from a crystal of the X-ray from a copper anode tube (l = 0.154nm) occurs at an angle of 16.3°. What is the distance between the set of planes causing the diffraction.\n\n\n(a) 0.374nm\n\n(b) 0.561nm\n\n(c) 0.274nm\n\n(d) 0.395 nm\n\n\n\nSolution :(c)     From Bragg’s equation, nl = 2d sinq ;\n\nd = n ´ l\n\n= 1 ´ 0.154 = 0.154 nm = 0.274nm\n\n\n2 sinq\n\n2(sin 16.3)       2 ´ 0.281\n\n\nExample : 16 The diffraction of barium with X-radiation of wavelength 2.29Å gives a first – order reflection at 30°. What is the distance between the diffracted planes.\n\n(a) 3.29 Å                             (b) 4.39 Å                                (c) 2.29 Å                              (d) 6.29 Å\n\nSolution :(c)     Using Bragg’s equation 2d sinq = nl\n\nd = nl  , where d is the distance between two diffracted planes, q the angle to have maximum intensity of\n\n2 sinq\n\ndiffracted X-ray beam, n the order of reflection and l is the wavelength\n\n\\ d = 1 ´ 2.29 Å = 2.29 Å                               æsin 30o = 1 ö\n\nè                       ø\n\n2 ´ sin 30o                                                  ç                       ÷\n\nExample : 17   When an electron in an excited Mo atom falls from L to the K shell, an X-ray is emitted. These X-rays are\n\ndiffracted at angle of 7.75o by planes with a separation of 2.64Å. What is the difference in energy between K\n\nshell and L-shell in Mo assuming a first-order diffraction. (sin 7.75o = 0.1349)\n\n\n\n\nSolution : (b)\n\n(a) 36.88 ´1015 J\n\n2d sinq = nl\n\n(b) 27.88 ´ 1016 J\n\n(c) 63.88 ´ 1017 J\n\n(d) 64.88 ´ 1016 J\n\n\nl = 2d sinq = 2 ´ 2.64 ´ 1010 ´ sin 7.75o = 0.7123 ´ 1010 m\n\n\n\nE hc = 6.62 ´ 1034 ´ 3 ´ 108\n\n= 27.88 ´ 1016 J\n\n\nl          0.7123 ´ 1010\n\n\nAny deviation from the perfectly ordered arrangement constitutes a defect or imperfection. These defects sometimes called thermodynamic defects because the number of these defects depend on the temperature. Crystals may also possess additional defect due to the presence of impurities. Imperfection not only modify the properties of solids but also give rise to new properties. Any departure from perfectly ordered arrangement of atoms in crystals called imperfections or defects.\n\n  • Electronic imperfections : Generally, electrons are present in fully occupied lowest energy states. But at high temperatures, some of the electrons may occupy higher energy state depending upon the For example, in the crystals of pure Si or Ge some electrons are released thermally from the covalent bonds at temperature above 0 K. these electrons are free to move in the crystal and are responsible for electrical conductivity. This type of conduction is known as intrinsic conduction. The electron deficient bond formed by the release of an electron is called a hole. In the presence of electric field the positive holes move in a direction opposite to that of the electrons and conduct electricity. The electrons and holes in solids gives rise to electronic imperfections.\n\n\n\n\n  • Atomic imperfections/point defects : When deviations exist from the regular or periodic arrangement around an atom or a group of atoms in a crystalline substance, the defects are called point defects. Point defect in a crystal may be classified into following three types;\n\nPoint defects\n\n  • Stoichiometric defects (ii) Non- stoichiometric defects              (iii) Impurity defects\n\n\n  • Stoichiometric defects : The compounds in which the number of positive and negative ions are exactly in the ratios indicated by their chemical formulae are called stoichiometric The defects do not disturb the stoichiometry (the ratio of numbers of positive and negative ions) are called stoichiometric defects. These are of following types :\n    • Schottky defects : This type of defect when equal number of cations and anions are missing from their lattice sites so that the electrical neutrality is maintained. This type of defect occurs in highly ionic compounds which have high co-ordination number and cations and anions of similar e.g., NaCl, KCl, CsCl and KBr etc.\n    • Interstitial defects : This type of defect is caused due to the presence of ions in the normally vacant interstitial sites in the\n    • Frenkel defects : This type of defect arises when an ion is missing from its lattice site and occupies an interstitial position. The crystal as a whole remains electrically neutral because the number of anions and cations remain same. Since cations are usually smaller than anions, they occupy interstitial sites. This type of defect occurs in the compounds which have low co-ordination number and cations and anions of different e.g., ZnS, AgCl and AgI etc. Frenkel defect are not found in pure alkali metal halides because the cations due to larger size cannot get into the interstitial sites. In AgBr both Schottky and Frenkel defects occurs simultaneously.\n\n\nConsequences of Schottky and Frenkel defects : Presence of large number of Schottky defect lowers the density of the crystal. When Frenkel defect alone is present, there is no decrease in density. The closeness of the charge brought about by Frenkel defect tends to increase the dielectric constant of the crystal. Compounds having such defect conduct electricity to a small extent. When electric field is applied, an ion moves from its lattice site to occupy a hole, it creates a new hole. In this way, a hole moves from one end to the other. Thus, it conducts electricity across the crystal. Due to the presence of holes, stability (or the lattice energy) of the crystal decreases.\n\n  • Non-Stoichiometric defects : The defects which disturb the stoichiometry of the compounds are called non-stoichiometry defects. These defects are either due to the presence of excess metal ions or excess non- metal\n\n\n\n\n  • Metal excess defects due to anion vacancies : A compound may have excess metal anion if a negative ion is absent from its lattice site, leaving a ‘hole’, which is occupied by electron to maintain electrical This type of defects are found in crystals which are likely to possess Schottky defects. Anion vacancies in alkali metal halides are reduced by heating the alkali metal halides crystals in an atmosphere of alkali metal vapours. The ‘holes’ occupy by electrons are called F-centres (or colour centres).\n  • Metal excess defects due to interstitial cations : Another way in which metal excess defects may occur is, if an extra positive ion is present in an interstitial site. Electrical neutrality is maintained by the presence of an electron in the interstitial site. This type of defects are exhibit by the crystals which are likely to exhibit Frenkel defects g., when ZnO is heated, it loses oxygen reversibly. The excess is accommodated in interstitial sites, with electrons trapped in the neighborhood. The yellow colour and the electrical conductivity of the non- stoichiometric ZnO is due to these trapped electrons.\n\n\nConsequences of Metal excess defects :\n\nThe crystals with metal excess defects are generally coloured due to the presence of free electrons in them.\n\nThe crystals with metal excess defects conduct electricity due to the presence of free electrons and are semiconductors. As the electric transport is mainly by “excess” electrons, these are called n-type (n for negative) semiconductor.\n\nThe crystals with metal excess defects are generally paramagnetic due to the presence of unpaired electrons at lattice sites.\n\nNote : ® Colour Centres : Crystals of pure alkali metal halides such   as   NaCl,   KCl,   etc.   are   white. However, alkali metal halides becomes coloured on heating in excess of alkali metal vapour.   For example,   sodium chloride becomes yellow on heating in   presence   of   sodium   vapour.   These   colours   are   produced   due   to   the preferential absorption of some component of visible spectrum\n\ndue to some imperfections   called   colour   centres introduced   into the crystal.\n\nWhen an alkali metal halide is heated in an atmosphere containing an excess of alkali metal vapour, the excess alkali metal atoms deposit on the crystal surface. Halide ions then diffuse to the surface where they combine with the metal atoms which have becomes ionised by loosing valence electrons. These electrons diffuse back into the crystal and occupy the vacant\n\n\n\n\nsites created by the halide ions. Each electron is shared by all the alkali metal ions present around it and is thus a delocalized electrons. When the crystal is irradiated with white light, the trapped electron absorbs some component of white light for excitation from ground state to the excited state. This gives rise to colour. Such points are called Fcentres. (German word Farbe which means colour) such excess ions are accompanied by positive ion vacancies. These vacancies serve to trap holes in the same way as the anion vacancies trapped electrons. The colour centres thus produced are called V-centres.\n\n  • Metal deficiency defect : These arise in two ways\n\nBy cation vacancy : in this a cation is missing from its lattice site. To maintain electrical neutrality, one of the nearest metal ion acquires two positive charge. This type of defect occurs in compounds where metal can exhibit variable valency. e.g., Transition metal compounds like NiO, FeO, FeS etc.\n\nBy having extra anion occupying interstitial site : In this, an extra anion is present in the interstitial position. The extra negative charge is balanced by one extra positive charge on the adjacent metal ion. Since anions are usually larger it could not occupy an interstitial site. Thus, this structure has only a theoretical possibility. No example is known so far.\n\nConsequences of metal deficiency defects : Due to the movement of electron, an ion A+ changes to A+2 ions. Thus, the movement of an electron from A+ ion is an apparent of positive hole and the substances are called p-type semiconductor\n\nImpurity defect : These defects arise when foreign atoms are present at the lattice site (in place of host atoms) or at the vacant interstitial sites. In the former case, we get substitutional solid solutions while in the latter case, we get interstitial solid solution. The formation of the former depends upon the electronic structure of the impurity while that of the later on the size of the impurity.\n\n\nImportant Tips\n\n\n  • Berthallides is a name given to non-stoichiometric\n  • Solids containing F- centres are\n  • When NaCl is dopped with MgCl2 the nature of defect produced is schottky\n  • AgBr has both Schottky & Frenkel\n\nSome of the properties of solids which are useful in electronic and magnetic devices such as, transistor, computers, and telephones etc., are summarised below :\n\n  • Electrical properties : Solids are classified into following classes depending on the extent of conducting\n    • Conductors : The solids which allow the electric current to pass through them are called conductors. These are further of two types; Metallic conductors and electrolytic conductors. In the metallic conductors the current is carries by the mobile electrons without any chemical change occurring in the In the electrolytic conductor like NaCl, KCl, etc., the current is carried only in molten state or in aqueous solution. This is because of\n\n\n\n\n\nthe movement of free ions. The electrical conductivity of these solids is high in the range Their conductance decrease with increase in temperature.\n\n104 – 106 ohm-1cm-1 .\n\n\n  • Insulators : The solids which do not allow the current to pass through them are called insulators. g., rubber, wood and plastic etc. the electrical conductivity of these solids is very low i.e., 10 -12 – 10 -22 ohm-1cm-1 .\n  • Semiconductors : The solids whose electrical conductivity lies between those of conductors and insulators are called semiconductors. The conductivity of these solid is due to the presence of impurities. g. Silicon and Germanium. Their conductance increase with increase in temperature. The electrical conductivity of these solids is increased by adding impurity. This is called Doping. When silicon is doped with P (or As, group 15 elements), we get n-type semiconductor. This is because P has five valence electrons. It forms 4 covalent bonds with silicon and the fifth electron remains free and is loosely bound. This give rise to n-type semiconductor because current is carried by electrons when silicon is doped with Ga (or in In/Al, group 13 elements) we get p-type semiconductors.\n\nConductivity of the solids may be due to the movement of electrons, holes or ions.\n\nDue to presence of vacancies and other defects, solids show slight conductivity which increases with temperature.\n\nMetals show electronic conductivity.\n\nThe conductivity of semiconductors and insulators is mainly governed by impurities and defects. Metal oxides and sulphides have metallic to insulator behavior at different temperatures.\n\n\n  • Superconductivity : When any material loses its resistance for electric current, then it is called superconductor, Kammerlingh Onnes (1913) observed this phenomenon at 4K in mercury. The materials offering no resistance to the flow of current at very low temperature (2-5 K) are called superconducting\n\n\nmaterials and phenomenon is called superconductivity. e.g.,\n\nNb3 Ge alloy (Before 1986),\n\nLa1.25 Ba0.15 CuO4\n\n\n\nYBa 2 Cu3 O7\n\n(1987) – super conductive at a temperature up to 92 K.\n\n\n\n(a) Electronics,                                 (b) Building supermagnets,\n\n(c) Aviation transportation,                    (d) Power transmission\n\n\n\n\nThe temperature at which a material enters the superconducting state is called the superconducting transition\n\n\n\n(Tc ) ”. Superconductivity was also observed in lead (Pb) at 7.2 K and in tin (Sn) at 3.7K. The\n\n\nphenomenon of superconductivity has also been observed in other materials such as polymers and organic crystals.\n\nExamples are\n\n(SN)x, polythiazyl, the subscript x indicates a large number of variable size. (TMTSF)2PF6, where TMTSF is tetra methyl tetra selena fulvalene.\n\n  • Magnetic properties : Based on the behavior of substances when placed in the magnetic field, there are classified into five\n\n\nMagnetic properties of solids\n\nProperties                                 Description                              Alignment of Magnetic Dipoles\n\nExamples               Applications\n\n\nDiamagnetic           Feebly   repelled   by   the   magnetic\n\nfields. Non-metallic elements (excepts O2, S) inert gases and species with paired electrons are diamagnetic\n\nParamagnetic         Attracted by the magnetic field due\n\nto    the     presence     of    permanent\n\nAll paired electrons             TiO2,   V2O5,   NaCl,\n\n\n\nC6H6 (benzene)\n\n\n\n\nO2, Cu2+, Fe3+, TiO,\n\n Ti O , VO, VO ,\n\n\n\n\n\n\nElectronic appliances\n\n\nmagnetic           dipoles          (unpaired\n\n2   3              2\n\n\nelectrons). In magnetic field, these tend to orient themselves  parallel to the direction of the field  and thus, produce magnetism in the substances.\n\nFerromagnetic     Permanent magnetism even in the\n\nabsence of magnetic field, Above a temperature            called     Curie temperature, there is no ferromagnetism.\n\nAt least one unpaired electron\n\n\n\n\nDipoles are aligned in the same direction\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nFe, Ni, Co, CrO2            CrO2 is used\n\nin audio and video tapes\n\n\nAntiferromagn etic\n\nThis arises when the dipole alignment is zero due to equal and opposite alignment.\n\nMnO,               MnO2,                  – Mn2O, FeO, Fe2O3;\n\nNiO, Cr2O3, CoO, Co3O4,\n\n\nFerrimagnetic        This arises when there is net dipole\n\n\nFe3O4, ferrites                            –\n\n\n\n  • Dielectric properties : When a non-conducting material is placed in an electrical field, the electrons and the nuclei in the atom or molecule of that material are pulled in the opposite directions, and negative and positive charges are separated and dipoles are generated, In an electric field :\n  • These dipoles may align themselves in the same direction, so that there is net dipole moment in the\n  • These dipoles may align themselves in such a manner that the net dipole moment in the crystal is Based on these facts, dielectric properties of crystals are summarised in table :\n\nDielectric properties of solids\n\n\n\n\n\nProperty                                              Description                                       Alignment of electric dipoles\n\nExamples        Applications\n\n\nPiezoelectricity When polar crystal is subjected to a mechanical stress, electricity is produced a case of piezoelectricity. Reversely if electric field is applied mechanical stress developed. Piezoelectric crystal acts as a mechanical electrical transducer.\n\n  • Piezoelectric crystals with permanent dipoles are said to have ferroelectricity\n  • Piezoelectric crystals with zero dipole are said to have antiferroelectricity\n\n–                         Quartz,\n\n\n\nRochelle salt\n\n\n\nBaTiO3, KH2PO4,\n\n\n\nRecord players, capacitors, transistors, computer etc.\n\n\nPyroelectricity Small electric current is produced  due  to heating of some of polar crystals – a case of pyroelectricity\n\n–                                                  Infrared\n\n\n\n\n\nImportant Tips\n\n  • Doping : Addition of small amount of foreign impurity in the host crystal is termed as It increases the electrical conductivity.\n  • Ferromagnetic property decreases from iron to nickel (Fe > Co > Ni) because of decrease in the number of unpaired\n  • Electrical conductivity of semiconductors and electrolytic conductors increases with increase in temperature, where as electrical conductivity of super conductors and metallic conductors decreases with increase in\n\n\nThese are the compounds with basic unit of (SiO4)4– anion in which each Si atom is linked directly to four oxygen atoms tetrahedrally. These tetrahedra link themselves by corners and never by edges. Which are of following types :\n\n\n  • Ortho silicates : In these discrete\n\n\ntetrahedra are present and there is no sharing of oxygen\n\n\n\natoms between adjacent tetrahedra e.g., Willamette Forestrite (Mg 2 SiO4 ) .\n\n(Zn2 Si2 O4 ) , Phenacite\n\n(Be 2SiO4 ) , Zircons\n\n(ZrSiO4 )\n\n\n\n  • Pyrosilictes : In these silicates the two tetrahedral units share one oxygen atom (corner) between them\n\n\ncontaining basic unit of (Si2 O7 )6 anion e.g., Thortveitite (Sc 2 Si2 O7 ) and Hemimorphite\n\nZn3 Si2 O7 Zn(OH)2 H 2 O\n\n\n  • Cyclic or ring silicates : In these silicates the two tetrahedral unit share two oxygen atoms (two\n\n\ncorners) per tetrahedron to form a closed ring containing basic unit of Wollastonite (Ca3 Si3 O9 ) .\n\n\n\n\n3 n\n\ne.g., Beryl\n\n(Be3 Al 2 Si6 O18 ) and\n\n\n  • Chain silicates : The sharing of two oxygen atoms (two corners) per tetrahedron leads to the\n\n\nformation of a long chain e.g., pyroxenes and Asbestos\n\nCaMg 3 O(Si4 O11 ) and Spodumene\n\nLiAl (Si2 O6 ).\n\n\n\n\n  • Sheet silicates : In these silicates sharing of three oxygen atoms (three corners) by each tetrahedron\n5 n\n\nunit results in an infinite two dimensional sheet of primary unit (Si2O )2n . The sheets are held together by\n\nelectrostatic force of the cations that lie between them e.g., [Mg 3 (OH)2 (Si4 O10 )] and Kaolin, Al 2 (OH)4 (Si2 O5 ) .\n\n  • Three dimensional or frame work silicates : In these silicates all the four oxygen atoms (four\n\n\ncorners) of (SiO4 )4\n\ntetrahedra are shared with other tetrahedra, resulting in a three dimensinal network with the\n\n\ngeneral formula (SiO2 )n\n\ne.g., Zeolites, Quartz.\n\n\nImportant Tips\n\n\n\n  • Beckmann thermometer : Cannot be used to measure It is used only for the measurement of small differences in temperatures. It can and correctly upto 0.01o\n  • Anisotropic behaviour of graphite : The thermal and electrical conductivities of graphite along the two perpendicular axis in the plane containing the hexagonal rings is 100 times more than at right angle to this\n  • Effect of pressure on melting point of ice : At high pressure, several modifications of ice are Ordinary ice is ice –I. The stable high pressure modifications of ice are designated as ice –II, ice – III, ice- V, ice – VI and ice – VII. When ice –I is compressed, its\n\nmelting point decreases, reaching – 22o C at a pressure of about 2240 atm. A further increase in pressure transforms ice – I into ice – IIIs\n\nwhose melting point increases with pressure. Ice- VII, the extreme high-pressure modification, melts to form water at about 100°C and 20,000 atm pressure. The existence of ice-IV has not been confirmed.\n\n  • Isotropic : The substances which show same properties in all\n  • Anisotropic : Magnitude of some of the physical properties such as refractive index, coefficient of thermal expansion, electrical and thermal conductivities is different in different directions, with in the crystal\n\n\nLeave a Reply\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9958772659301758}
+{"content": "Old TV satellites could be recycled for digital radio\n\nPersonalised digital radio services could be broadcast from disused TV satellites that are ‘stuck’ in geostationary orbit.\n\nAn ESA project aims to recommission the satellites in a bid to extend their lifespan by up to five years. Radio broadcasts relayed via orbiting satellites are already operating in the US where listeners can subscribe to numerous digital-quality channels.\n\nTV satellites usually have a lifespan of 15 years. They eventually run out of fuel to power their orientation thrusters which are needed to maintain a precise position necessary for broadcasting. But they do not need to be as carefully aligned to allow radio transmissions.\n\nESA plans to demonstrate the new radio application in 2005. Signal strength testing has already confirmed that such a system would work and a low-cost digital radio set for consumers will also be designed later this year.\n\nRolv Midthassel, an ESA technology projects division engineer, explained the services that could be provided. ‘Songs, news flashes and discussion programmes would be available. Based on a preset user profile an individually tailored radio programme could be constructed. Alternatively the user could choose which service he wants, so you could play the latest news there and then instead of in half an hour’s time.\n\nDrivers who leave the car to fill up with petrol could halt the news and then restart it once back in.’\n\nThis radio menu has been made possible because in urban areas the signal can be interrupted by up to several minutes at a time. The solution is to allow the radio sets to effectively download whole programmes in one go and store them for the listener to hear when convenient.\n\nThe radio unit will be designed to receive considerable amounts of information, despite the difficulties of maintaining a consistent service.\n\nThe ESA team has established that each transmitter on the satellite would be capable of relaying data at a rate of 125Mb/sec.\n\nThe satellites orbit at 35,000km above the Earth. At this height and at a speed equal to that of the planet’s rotation they can stay permanently above one point on the Earth’s surface.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9652631878852844}
+{"content": "Pond plants: zenitude and magic in the garden\n\nPond plants: zenitude and magic in the garden\n\nLotus, water lilies, reeds, water hyacinths ... These pond plants give a little extra magic to the garden. Whether floating, submerged or edging, upholstered, vertical or oxygenating, combine them to create a harmonious atmosphere in your aquatic garden. No garden pond without suitable plants: they naturally love humid environments, and even have submerged roots. Among the hundred varieties existing and available for sale, you will have to choose according to your aesthetic preferences of course, and according to their adaptation to the region of implantation and the size and depth of the basin.\n\nPond plants: easy plants\n\nMost pond plants grow everywhere, and bloom generously in spring and summer ... If you take certain precautions when creating the pond: it must indeed be deep enough (minimum 45 cm at the edge and 80 cm in the center) , and spacious to allow good oxygenation of plants. Plant them (or immerse them, rather!) Between the end of April and the end of September so that they can immediately feel good with their feet in the water, at the right temperature for their development. They will then offer you their full expansion from May to July - and some will even bloom in autumn like the schizostylis, the gladioli of the marshes. Let yourself be carried away by the flood of varieties and choose a bouquet from each category below… On the maintenance side, just trim the damaged parts (because too many rotting plants can unbalance the ecosystem of the body of water) , give them a light supply of fertilizer in the spring (light so as not to pollute the water!) and divide them every 3 to 4 years if their growth is not too rapid.\n\nWater lilies and lotuses: the stars of the basin, on the surface!\n\nThe water lily is the pond plant that comes to mind first. With about twenty varieties, this rustic plant flowers in white, pink, different shades of red and yellow ... There are even blue ones but they are exotic which are not suitable for our climates. A simple above-ground basin 20 cm deep can suit him, for a staging in a small space! However, the roots of the water lily can be very long. Its requirements: sun in high doses and calm water without backwash. Another must in the basin: the lotus. It flowers in pink, white and yellow, grows especially in the south of France and therefore needs a lot of light… and fertilizer! It does not freeze properly (it can spend the winter outside in the south of France) but needs a lot of sun in the spring. A tip for its good growth: if you cut the dried stems in the fall, do it above the water and not below, to prevent them from freezing and therefore withering away.\n\nFloating, elegant plants ...\n\nIf the water lilies and lotuses remain on the surface of the water while anchoring in the basin with their long roots, the hyacinths and water lettuces are floating plants without attachment in the ground of the basin, which sail according to the current. Appreciated for their poetic effect on the surface of the water and for their decorative advantage, they are ultra easy to install: just place them on the basin, and let them develop and bloom! These annual plants do not flower but play an important role in the balance of the basin by helping to remove nitrates and phosphates from the water. Frost, they must be wintered in a tropical greenhouse - therefore reserved for enthusiasts and connoisseurs. There are also other floating plants of the fern family such as the salvinia, or even the tiny duckweeds, these perennials that literally cover the surface (their growth is very fast) and offer a green carpet rendering of a great finesse. Superb but beware, they can be very invasive and even represent real water pollution! Finally, we also like the plant called stratiotes aloïdes, an amazing semi-floating that flows in winter and rises to the surface in spring.\n\nBordering, framing plants\n\nThey enjoy themselves on the banks of the basin which they consolidate, and we recognize them, for the most part, by their vertical shape, erect towards the sun, unlike surface plants. Papyrus, equisetum, water iris (there is a whole range!), Horsetail, rush, miscanthus, lily, forget-me-not, typha, aquatic mint and of course reed (rather for large basins) are the most border plants known. Not all of them flower, but they can be variegated, like the Acorus calamus variegatus. These elongated plants, which can grow up to 1.20 m in height (and even exceptionally 3 m like Thalia dealbata), are hardy and allow to consolidate and structure the basin. Planting is possible in the ground in the basin, but most specialists recommend the basket method with special soil for aquatic plants (this allows controlled fertilizer supply) or with pozzolana.\n\nSubmerged plants, central\n\nLike fish in water in shallow areas (-10 cm approximately), moderately deep (-45 cm approximately) or even deep (-80 cm and more, but this is the case with rare plants), plants submerged areas create shadows in the heart of the basin and participate in the life of the body of water by providing shelter for insects and small fish. Choose them according to their preference for cold water or tropical water. The aponogeton, the nymphoids, the potamogeton are the flagship submerged plants. On the other hand, be careful with the milfoil, the waterweed and the crassula which are very invasive plants and can colonize watercourses…\n\nAnd at home, which pond plants to choose?\n\nPerhaps they will border your natural swimming pool or your Koï fish pond? As with any garden creation, think in advance of the color ranges that you want to budding in the spring, what effects you want to create between the spreading or upright habit species ... and be patient! Because some plants can take up to 4 years to reveal all their beauty and luxuriance, such as Lys crinum americanum, yellow or white. Finally, note that some florists find pretty compositions of vases with aquatic hyacinths for example. It is then a beautiful gift for a gardener creating his pond precisely, or simply to decorate a festive table - but these plants are ephemeral indoors.\nThanks : - to Francis Deschamps of www.lesjardinsaquatiques.fr, - Christine Verneuil of www.santonine.fr.\n\nFlowering a fish pond Our practical gardening videos", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9768445491790771}
+{"content": "Parents! We're so happy you're here!\n\nWe could not be more pumped that you are (or are considering being) a part of our church family! Check back each month to see what is going on in our ministry.\n\nMonthly Newsletter\n\nStarting in November we will have a monthly newsletter available for parents! This is to inform you of what's going on in our ministry and what your child is learning during their time here.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8969595432281494}
+{"content": "Archive | Planet Hunters NGTS RSS for this section\n\nU- or V-shaped dip? How to spot the difference?\n\nWhen searching for exoplanets, the shape of the transit can tell us a lot about what object we could be looking at. For the Planet Hunters NGTS exoplanet transit search, we ask you to identify if a transit is U-shaped or V-shaped, as well as whether there’s stellar variability, data gaps or no significant dip in the flux at all. An exoplanet transiting a star will typically produce a U-shaped dip, but there are situations where that isn’t the case (more on that below). Meanwhile an eclipsing binary (two stars orbiting each other) will produce a V-shaped dip most of the time.\n\nThe first plot (Figure 1) shows a clear V-shape produced by an eclipsing binary system. In this case, the transiting star only partially eclipses the target star, meaning that it passes across the edge of the disk of the target star but never passes fully in front. This means that the point of minimum flux doesn’t last long before the flux starts to increase again.\n\nFigure 1: Partial eclipse in an eclipsing binary system\n\nThe defining difference between U- and V-shaped dips is the angle of the sides of the transit, or ingress and egress to give them their scientific names. Ingress is when the transit begins and the flux is decreasing to the minimum (position 1 to position 2 in Figure 2), while egress is when the transit is ending and flux starts to increase back to the normal level (position 3 to position 4 in Figure 2).\n\nFigure 2: Diagram of the positions of an object eclipsing a star and the resulting light curve (brightness = flux). [Ref]\n\nV-shaped dips have sides that are at an angle whereas U-shaped transits will have a steeper decrease and increase in the flux, so much so that the sides of the transit will be almost vertical. The reason V-shaped dips have angled sides is because the object blocking out the light is typically (but not always!) another star. The eclipsing star is large (compared to a planet) so takes more time to pass fully in front of the target star, therefore the decrease in flux happens over a significant time period and we get an angled ingress (likewise for the egress as the star stops blocking light).\n\nThe angled sides are more pronounced in Figure 1, but don’t be fooled by dips with a curved base like Figure 3 below! If the transit has angled sides then it’s still a V-shape! The curved base of the transit is caused by a phenomenon called ‘limb darkening,’ where the central disk of a star appears brighter than the edge. The eclipsing star in this system is not just grazing the limb of the target star either, which is why the minimum flux of the transit is sustained for a range of phases.\n\nFigure 3: V-shaped eclipsing binary with a curved base\n\nHow vertical is vertical? Sadly there isn’t a clear answer to this, which is why we use human vetting rather than just a computer to check these light curves. The example below (Figure 4) is the light curve for confirmed exoplanet HATS-43b, which was classified as U-shaped by all 20 volunteers who viewed it. This is a clear example of the near vertical drop in flux for the sides of the transit. The small radius of the planet compared to its host star means that it almost instantly passes through the ingress and egress phases, compared to the time taken by a larger star in an eclipsing binary system.\n\nFigure 4: HATS-43b. A known exoplanet spotted by Planet Hunters NGTS!\n\nBut wait! V-shaped dips can still be exoplanets too! Just like the partial eclipse that produced the sharp, V-shaped dip in Figure 1, an exoplanet can perform a grazing transit where it just crosses the limb of the star and doesn’t go over the centre of its host star’s disk. This will produce a very shallow V-shaped dip, therefore we will get round to searching these classifications for potential exoplanets too! The sides of the dip appear more angled due to the shorter total duration of a grazing transit; it’s very likely that the scale of the x-axis on the plots (the phase) will show a much smaller range of numbers due to how short these transits will be. The ingress and egress times will be similar to a regular transit but the central dip is much shorter. The limb darkening effect also has a more obvious effect on the shape of the dip, which we can see in the light curves below for a near-grazing transit by WASP-174b (Figure 5). The dip has angled sides due to the zoomed in x-axis and has a curved base due to limb darkening. This is a classic curvy V-shape, but it’s also a real exoplanet!\n\nFigure 5: Transit light curves for WASP-174b showing a grazing transit. [Ref]\n\nThere isn’t a definitive answer for when a curvy V becomes a regular U-shape, but as always your intuition and best guess is what we want! We hope this blog post makes it easier to spot the differences between U- and V-shaped dips when you’re classifying light curves on the Planet Hunters NGTS site, and remember you can always check the Field Guide or ‘Need some help with this task?’ for more help. There’s also the team of researchers and moderators on the ‘Talk’ forums who will be happy to help!\n\nSean & the Planet Hunters NGTS Team\n\nThe Next Generation Transit Survey needs you\n\nToday we a guest blog by Sam Gill. Sam Gill is a research assistant at the University of Warwick. He studies long-period planets discovered with TESS and leads the monotransit working group within NGTS. He also researches red dwarfs to empirically calibrate the physical properties of the latest-type stars and is a keen spectroscopist and binary star enthusiast. In his free time, Sam enjoys Brewing and hiking with his beagle, Bruce.\n\nIn 2015, more than half of all known exoplanets with masses determined to better than 20 per cent were found from ground based surveys for transiting exoplanets. One such survey which you may know from the successful Zooniverse project searching for variable stars is the Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP), with installations in Tenerife and South Africa. Both camera arrays have taken over 430 billion measurements of 30 million stars and has found over 150 new planets with many more candidates.\n\nThe WASP telescope and cameras located in South Africa.\n\nTypically, WASP found planets spanning the masses of Saturn to a few times of Jupiter, along with many low-mass stars which have radii similar to Jupiter. If we look at the mass-radius diagram for planets (with masses known to better than 20%) found around other stars, we see that there is a dearth of those with masses below Saturn. These planets are notoriously hard to identify around stars like our Sun because of their small comparative size. However, these planets should be detectable around much smaller stars with ground-based telescopes which is where the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) comes in.\n\nNGTS is located at the Paranal observatory and consists of 12 fully-robotic telescopes operating at red-optical wavelengths (520-890 nm). This maximises sensitivity to bright and relatively cool and small stars enabling us to find planets less massive than Saturn. With a field of view of 2 degrees per telescope and an average cadence of 13 seconds, NGTS can take over 200 GB of images each night which include many thousands of stars.\n\nThe 12 NGTS telescopes at Cerro Paranal.\n\nData from NGTS is processed so that the relative brightness of each star can be measured with the influence of the atmosphere mitigated. These data can then be searched using a box-fitting algorithm which searches for periodic dips in a stars brightness which is a characteristic trait of transiting exoplanets. The box-fitting algorithm is powerful and can find many potential planet candidates in our data. The NGTS consortium tries their best to find as many planet candidates as they can but some of these candidates turn out to be false positives. We are successfully finding planets in NGTS data, but the size of our datasets are so large the we may have overlooked some of the most promising planet candidates. That is were you come in.\n\nPhase folded NGTS data of NGTS-2b (left panel) with the box least-squares algorithm power spectrum (right panel)\n\nThe aim of Planet Hunters NGTS is to find planets in NGTS data. To do this, we have created a variety of plots (described in a future blog post) embedded in multiple workflows which will help identify promising candidates and many other interesting systems. Today, we just launched two new workflows that you can check out the Odd Even Transit Check and the Secondary Eclipse Check to help vet the best candidates identified by the Exoplanet Transit Search workflow. With your help, we can focus our efforts on the most promising systems and work towards completing a broader consensus of exoplanets. We look forward to you classifications!\n\nMore about Planet Hunters NGTS\n\nWe were excited to announce yesterday a new chapter in the Planet Hunters project with Planet Hunters NGTS. Here’s a bit more background for those of you who are new to the exoplanet hunt. \n\nThe Next-Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) has been searching for extrasolar planets (exoplanets) around other stars for over 5 years but we can’t be sure we’ve found them all without your help. Exoplanets are planets outside our own Solar System. We know of their existence from various techniques, most popularly the exoplanet transit method. This method works by observing a star and watching for regular dips in the amount of light emitted by the star. These dips can be caused by other stars (“binary companions”), exoplanets and other strange objects but we can use the size and shape of the dips to pick the most promising planet candidates. Smaller dips typically correspond to exoplanets, for example Jupiter causes a 1% dip in our Sun’s light for any aliens looking our way. The best planet candidates will be chosen for follow-up observations with different techniques to hopefully confirm whether they really are planets!\n\nPlanet Hunters and Planet Hunters TESS used data from NASA space telescopes to search for these dips. This project differs slightly as we’re using the NGTS facility which sits atop a mountain in Chile, surveying the sky every night with its 12 telescopes. Computers have searched the NGTS observations to find these dips but the NGTS team can’t check everything the computer finds as there are just too many candidates. Not every dip is caused by a planet but our handy tutorials will guide you through and turn you into an exoplanet spotting expert.\n\nFinding more exoplanets will allow us to learn more about how planets are formed and how they evolve, which in turn will teach us more about our own Solar System and the Earth we live on. If we can understand the architecture of our own Solar System and other exo-planetary systems, then we can better approach the search for life beyond Earth.\n\nWe look forward to working together with you and hope you enjoy the project!\n\nSean & the Planet Hunters NGTS team", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9930184483528137}
+{"content": "Bhagavad Gita in Hindi\n\nFREE Delivery\n$37  (25% off)\nFREE Delivery\n$23  (25% off)\nFilter by Price\n$0.00 - $360.00\n\nReading The Bhagavad Gita In Hindi\n\nThe ancient Indian Vedas constitute the entire body of knowledge that is the pillar of not only Hinduism but also Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. The Upanishads, which emerged long after the Vedas had been composed and preserved across generations, are basically a concise version of the entirety of Indian religion and culture. Finally, it is the Bhagavada Gita that is the essence of it all. Exotic India's handpicked collection of the holy book in the Hindi vernacular is vast and extensive. Pick from unabridged translations and retold versions - there is untold pleasure in reading the Bhagavad Gita in this Indian language.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9702396988868713}
+{"content": "Wideopenwednesday: Joel Hetrick VS Ken Roczen at Redbud motocross track.\n\nATV motocross pro rider Joel Hetrick and dirt bike motocross pro rider Ken Roczen go head to head at the legendary Redbud Motocross track in 2015. The two GoPro video’s are not sped up and their lap times seem very similar! Pretty awesome riding from both riders if you ask us!\n\nEdit: Turner Racing\n\nJoel’s GoPro edit: Ripitupfilms\n\nKen’s video edit: GoPro\n\nATVawesomebikedirt bikefastGoProHondalap timeMotocrosspinnedQuadSuzukiversus", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9791556000709534}
+{"content": "Last updated on November 26, 2021\n\nLabyrinth Raptor | Illustration by Daarken\n\nLabyrinth Raptor | Illustration by Daarken\n\nThe ocean of change in MTG is as wide as it is deep, if not wider. What the waves carry to our shores varies. Sometimes you get something like power creep, and other times you get new mechanics.\n\nIn this case, we’re talking about menace: a mechanic that surfaced way back in 2015 as an evergreen keyword in the Magic Origins expansion. So what is menace?\n\nA creature with menace can’t be blocked by just one creature during combat.\n\nThis means that if you swing at your opponent with a creature with menace, they’ll have to block using two or more creatures to deal with the incoming attack.\n\nMenace can be a pretty intimidating mechanic, which is kind of funny considering it was introduced as the mechanic to replace intimidate (and fear before that).\n\nMTG Menace: How Does it Work?\n\nSo we know that a creature with menace has to be blocked by at least two creatures. But what else is there to know? Here’s the official rules:\n\n702.110. Menace\n\n  • 702.110a Menace is an evasion ability.\n  • 702.110b A creature with menace can’t be blocked except by two or more creatures. (See rule 509, “Declare Blockers Step.”)\n  • 702.110c Multiple instances of menace on the same creature are redundant.\n\nNow, while that’s the general ruling for menace, there are other rules and interactions with the mechanic that aren’t immediately apparent or that don’t always come up. So, let’s go over those.\n\nAngrath, Captain of Chaos\n\nAngrath, Captain of Chaos | Illustration by Slawomir Maniak\n\nMenace Rules FAQ\n\nHow is damage assigned to creatures that double block?\n\nDouble blocking is a little bit of a process, but the emphasis is on “little,” so don’t worry.\n\nAfter blockers are declared, the attacking player chooses which blocking creature get smacked first (and second, third, fourth, etc. as needed). Then, they fight. The attacking creature deals damage to the blockers one at a time until it’s dealt damage equal to its power. You have to assign lethal damage to each creature in order.\n\nSide note: If the attacking creature has deathtouch, it would only need to assign one damage to each blocker. After all of the damage is assigned, the combat phase proceeds normally.\n\nWhat happens if one of the creatures that blocks a menace creature is killed before the damage step?\n\nIf one of the creatures blocking the creature with menace dies before damage is dealt, the block doesn’t change. The creature is still considered blocked as described by the rules set for the combat phase.\n\nWhat if a creature with menace has “can’t be blocked”?\n\nIf a creature has menace and also “can’t be blocked” then the creature just straight up can’t be blocked.\n\nBristling Boar | Illustration by Svetlin Velinov\n\nWhat happens if a creature like Bristling Boar gets menace?\n\nThis sounds like a tricky bit, but you’ve probably already got the right answer. These two clashing clauses get wrapped up into a nice little bow with a tag that says, “This creature can’t be blocked.” Menace means the creature has to be blocked by more than one creature and the other ability makes that impossible. So, unblockable.\n\nThe History of Menace\n\nMenace, as I mentioned before, arrived as a keyword with the Magic Origins set in 2015. This isn’t the first use of the mechanic, however. Before Magic Origins, menace was around as a line of text that said, “This creature cannot be blocked by only one creature” or “This creature can’t be blocked except by two or more creatures”. In fact, R&D used to refer to the menace effect as the “Goblin War Drums” ability since the card was one of the first and most notable to make use of the effect.\n\nEver since it appeared on Magic Origins cards like Boggart Brute, Gilt-Leaf Winnower, and Goblin Glory Chaser, menace has been a mechanic that gets used in almost all (if not every) set that gets released. It’s also important to point out that, while you may see it in every set, its primary colors are black and red.\n\nMenace itself hasn’t been errata’ed since its debut, but older cards with effects that are basically menace (think Gorilla War Cry, Demoralize, and Wind Spirit) have been errata’ed to add the keyword in replacement of the rules text and are easier to locate on Gatherer because of it. Goblin War Drums was even reprinted in Masters 25 with menace replacing the old rules text.\n\nStormfist Crusader MTG card art by Chris Rallis\n\nStormfist Crusader | Illustration by Chris Rallis\n\nNot So Intimidating, Is It?\n\nAll right, that should sum it all up! Hopefully I’ve given you all the info you need to know about menace as a mechanic and how it interacts in the game. If you’ve got any other questions that weren’t answered, please take to the comments and I’ll do what I can to help you out! If you’re craving more arcane rule explanations, may I suggest the regenerate mechanic? Or perhaps mana burn? I hear it’s pretty neat.\n\nAs always, we appreciate it when you support us through Patreon. It allows us to keep creating more awesome content for you. I hope you enjoyed our chat today and hope to see you back for the next one!\n\n\n  • Brandon August 9, 2021 8:27 pm\n\n    If a creature with deathtouch blocks a creature with menace first, do both creatures that were SUPPOSED to block die as well? Or just one?\n\n    • Dan Troha August 10, 2021 8:12 am\n\n      There is no order when you block creatures — they both block the attacking creature at the same time. Then damage is ordered from the attacking creature.\n\n      In this case, the menace creature would assign at least lethal damage to the first creature the attacking player chooses. Then the rest of the damage to the other creature. This damage would happen simultaneously with the blocker’s deathtouch damage and the attacking creature would die. Any of the blocking creatures that took lethal would also die simultaneously.\n\nAdd Comment\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6277741193771362}
+{"content": "You are currently viewing On the Front Lines: Service Providers Respond to the Haitian Refugee Crisis\n\n\nTijuana is a city of migrants, it is a city diverse in its people and also a welcoming place where different cultures interlace. Yet, no one was prepared for the arrival of Haitians to Baja California, it was unexpected and unforeseen. At the moment Tijuana faces the situation of the arrival of approximately 15,000 Haitians to the region, it immediately becomes a humanitarian crisis. As has been seen in the past, the Mexican government failed to respond in any way to the crisis, public officials made statements saying Tijuana was not facing a crisis and that everything was fine. However, the service providers differed in opinion, all 36 shelters whether well established or as an improvised creation to the situation took action upon themselves as civil societies and religious affiliations organized and came to the rescue of Haitians refugees.\n\nThe phenomenon such as Haitian refugees arriving in Tijuana and the response by the local organizations are important to analyze in order to understand the role policies play in the work of service providers trying to integrate this population. A key element not to forget in the humanitarian crisis of Haitian Refugees is the immediate help provided such as food and shelter to which organizations emphasize on yet fail to address the long term needs of refugees. In order to bridge the gap between short-term and long-term responses, there has to be a conversation of integration policy and long-term solutions as Haitians become citizens of Mexico, changing completely not only their final destination but their lives. In this paper I will address how Tijuana service-workers feel that policy affects their ability to support the integration of Haitian refugees in their communities. In analyzing the factors of integration, I will also include a context of the situation in Tijuana when Haitian Refugees were added to the current migration population in the shelters of daily deportees and internally displaced people.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9877921938896179}
+{"content": "Abietin meanings in Urdu\n\nAbietin meanings in Urdu is ایبیٹین Abietin in Urdu. More meanings of abietin, it's definitions, example sentences, related words, idioms and quotations.\n\n\nInstall chrome extension\n\nWhat are the meanings of Abietin in Urdu?\n\nMeanings of the word Abietin in Urdu are . To understand how would you translate the word Abietin in Urdu, you can take help from words closely related to Abietin or it’s Urdu translations. Some of these words can also be considered Abietin synonyms. In case you want even more details, you can also consider checking out all of the definitions of the word Abietin. If there is a match we also include idioms & quotations that either use this word or its translations in them or use any of the related words in English or Urdu translations. These idioms or quotations can also be taken as a literary example of how to use Abietin in a sentence. If you have trouble reading in Urdu we have also provided these meanings in Roman Urdu.\n\n\nFrequently Asked Questions (FAQ)\n\nWhat do you mean by abietin?\n\n\nWhats the definition of abietin?\n\nDefinition of the abietin are", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7884953618049622}
+{"content": "Here’s what NNG got wrong about Privacy (+ Lessons learned from Game of Thrones Season 8)\n\nNathan Kinch\nJun 10, 2019 · 6 min read\n\nImage credit: HBO\n\nRecently, Nielsen Norman Group published an article titled, Creepiness-Convenience Tradeoff.\n\nSummary: As people consider whether to use the new “creepy” technologies, they do a type of cost-benefit analysis weighing the loss of privacy against the benefits they will receive in return.\n\nSource: NNG Group\n\nDefinition: The creepiness–convenience tradeoff refers to people’s willingness to accept the downsides of a technology that invades privacy for the sake of its benefits.\n\nI called this out on LinkedIn. Glasses, beanie and all.\n\nSpecifically, I was (and remain) concerned that this ‘insight’ was situated in a largely psychological, rather than sociopolitical context.\n\nIt would seem Game of Thrones Season 8 suffered a similar fate.\n\nThis is problematic, particularly when the conclusion of this article proposes considerations (some of which, like the mention of progressive disclosure, are actually very useful by the way) for how to design for such scenarios. Even more so given this came from NNG. People pay attention to what they publish. Heck, these are the people that came up with the usability heuristics (1994) so much of the industry relies on today!\n\nLet me be clear. We should never design creepy technology. Ever. Privacy and security should be baked into the core of all products and services from the outset.\n\nIt’s worthwhile noting that privacy is a right. Having it or not can directly impact our health. It’s often misconstrued and miss-understood. Here’s a little clarification in the context of data protection.\n\nMany people working directly in this space, including myself, are actually arguing that we challenge the existing client:server architecture of the web.\n\n\n— Tim Berners-Lee in his blog announcing Solid\n\nIt’s worth noting that Solid is a platform built using the existing web. The SAFE Network is a different story. This might well be ‘a’ version of the new internet we’ve been envisaging. Check it out!\n\n“Privacy and security should be available to everyone, not just those with deep pockets.\n\n\n\nI digress.\n\nBack to the real problem. The Creepiness-Convenience Tradeoff relies on a series of assumptions:\n\n  1. People are rationale: Sometimes(ish), but it’s way more complicated\n  2. There is equal information available to both parties: There isn’t. Organisations know WAY more\n  3. Both parties are in an equal position of power: They’re not. Organisations have FAR more power\n  4. Organisations are incentivised to do what is right, rather than what is economically viable: They’re not. Read our Rebuilding Trust in Financial Services Playbook for more\n  5. People haven’t (as a result of the system) learned distinct behaviours: They have. Specifically, people have learned to ‘tick and forget’. There simply isn’t another way\n\nThere are a variety of others. Let’s remain concise.\n\nNNG’s perspective is limited and limiting. It fails to account for the broader context in which we operate.\n\nLet’s get real about how a few key aspects of the information economy works today.\n\nThe architecture of the web\n\nThe web is architected in such a way that whenever we interact with digital services, data is shared, whether an explicit action or not. When combined with the impact of network effects, this creates information monopolies.\n\nThis is a day in the life of our data. It’s the reality of the information economy today. There is a fundamental power imbalance. We, as individuals, are on the (negative) receiving end.\n\nBusiness models and incentive structures\n\nOrganisations value what they measure. They don’t necessarily measure what they value. This is problematic.\n\nLet’s take programmatic or ‘RTB’ advertising as an example.\n\nAd exchanges run an auction to determine which ad (version etc.) will be shown to the visitor of a given website. Exchanges share the data they process about a website’s visitors with several hundred prospective advertisers. This enables them decide (based on specific criteria) whether or not they’ll place a bid to capture the visitors attention.\n\n\nIn fact, research from New Economics Foundation’s estimates that ad exchanges broadcast intimate profiles about an average UK internet user 164 times per day. This is not a prerequisite of effective advertising. There are direct alternatives to this model.\n\nTo be clear, we’re optimising an entire ecosystem, that just so happens to be leaking data all over the place, because we literally place a value on clicks…\n\nLet’s take Map services as another example.\n\nMaps services train models based on our collective usage. They deliver marginal value back to us in the form of ‘free’ services. The companies backing them generate billions in revenue as a result of the models they deploy. We’re effectively working for Big Tech.\n\nWhen did we have a discussion about this ‘value exchange’? When did we decide it was appropriate?\n\nWe didn’t. The discussion hasn’t been had. We’re all just locked into the model. Again, this is social. It’s political. It’s our current context.\n\nManipulation and (lack of) choice\n\nDeceived by Design. Heard of it? You should have. We’re all victims of it.\n\nDark Patterns are everywhere. Behavioural design is being used to ‘hook’ us. Choice architectures are increasingly defined by a smaller and smaller group of largely influential companies.\n\nWhen it comes to terms and conditions, or any other form of agreement you enter into, it gets worse. 33,000 words. Grade 16 readability. Almost three hours of (forced) reading time. And it’s all hidden nicely within a simple process that takes just a few minutes… This is a take it or leave it approach. It’s a zero sum game. The unfortunate reality is we’re all playing along.\n\nSo where do we actually get to? If people care so much (about their right to privacy), why do they keep participating and sharing (so much data)?\n\nIt comes down to a simple concept: the tradeoff fallacy.\n\n\nPeople are not actively engaging in rational tradeoff choices where the costs and consequences are truly understood. They share because they have no other choice. This is the reality of the modern web. We’ve backed this up again and again empirically. This is supported by existing bodies of research globally (albeit mostly in the west). In fact, we consistently observe a 6 stage process that situates people’s attitudes and behaviours in a broader, sociopolitical context.\n\nBut it doesn’t have to be this way. This model is being challenged by entrepreneurs, major companies like Microsoft and Apple, and of course, policy decision-makers globally. There is more and more consensus that we need to design a humanity-centric information economy that protects people’s fundamental rights and freedoms in such a way that innovation and competition truly thrive. After all, trust disproportionately impacts business performance. We may as well make what is right for humanity great for business.\n\nIf you’d like to dive deeper, get in touch. I do value a good coffee :)\n\nGreater Than Experience Design\n\nInsights on the intersection of data ethics, privacy and…", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5101032853126526}
+{"content": "Generic filters\nExact matches only\nRental Real Estate Property Classification - A, B, C, C Neighborhoods\n\nMost rental real estate professionals know that certain locations and properties fit their investing goals better than others, and this is where the different class neighborhoods, A, B, C, and D, can come into play. Each class has its own set of characteristics, pros and cons, as well as profitability factors. Having a basic understanding of this rental property classification system can help investors make better decisions when it comes to choosing which neighborhoods are best for their portfolio.\n\nWhat are Neighborhood Classes?\n\nNeighborhood classes, often referred to as property classes, are part of a real estate classification system where the letters A, B, C, and D are assigned to specific neighborhoods based on certain criteria. The classification typically encompasses the location and the properties that sit within it. Things such as the physical condition of the properties, home amenities, the location of the neighborhood, crime rate, and more, are factored into the classification process.\n\nFor example, a class A property might have outstanding features and sit in an expensive neighborhood, while a C neighborhood contains houses that don’t have all the bells and whistles, and are not as expensive, but are still considered a nice area to call home, and a perfect place to invest.\n\nInvestors use this rental real estate classification system to determine if a certain neighborhood and property are right for their budget, ROI expectations, and their overall investing goals.\n\nProperty Classifications are More of a Loose Standard\n\nThe A, B, C, and D property classifications are basically a loose standard and not a registered set of specifications. This is especially true since each letter grade can vary slightly within different markets, or cities, as well as differ among individuals. For instance, one real estate investor may label a neighborhood as class C, while another may feel it’s clearly a B. Even so, there is a general standard, and this property class identification system is used by the majority of investors for residential and commercial properties. The bottom line is that it’s a helpful standard in the real estate investment community, but with loose guidelines.\n\nIs there a Difference Between “Neighborhood Class” and “Property Class”?\n\nThe phrases “neighborhood class” and “property class” are typically interchangeable. Investors use both terms while referring to the same thing – a real estate classification system that rates the location, as well as the homes within it.\n\nOf course, since there are no set rules, you can selectively assign a property class when referencing a piece of real estate without including the neighborhood as a whole. For example, a case where some investors may separate the two phrases is when you find a piece of property, let’s say one that is dilapidated, broken down, and boarded up, which causes it to reflect a D rating, but it’s somehow sitting in a C neighborhood.\n\nNormally, the properties that rest in a specific neighborhood reflect the rating of that neighborhood – so the two phrases can be considered as one and the same, and for the purpose of this article, we will use them interchangeably, with the same meaning.\n\nFactors That Can Determine a Class Rating\n\nThere are many elements that go into determining if a neighborhood is classified as an A, B, C, or D – let’s take a look at some of these factors:\n\nProperty & Neighborhood Qualities\n\n  • The Age of the Homes: The age can be an indicator of the number of renovations or repairs required. Class A neighborhoods may contain the newest homes, with C and D holding the oldest. However, some neighborhoods may include homes that are various ages.\n  • Condition of the Properties: Investors will look at the overall condition of the homes in the neighborhood to see if they are poorly or well-maintained.\n  • Renovations: The number of renovations, as well as the extent of repairs that need to be completed to get a piece of property rent-ready, is an important factor. Additionally, if a good number of newly renovated properties are already sitting in the neighborhood, this can potentially upgrade the neighborhood in the near future.\n  • Landscaping: Not to be confused with gardening, neighborhoods with attractive landscaping that include well-designed front yards with paths, rock features, lovely colors, flowers, shade trees, and the like, can drastically differ in class from those locations that have no overall landscaping design, no trees, and just a bad overall curb appeal.\n  • Property Amenities: Some class neighborhoods can include amenities that are considered bells and whistles such as central air conditioning systems, high-end flooring, granite countertops, and various upscale features. Other property classes may just have functional features such as manual garage door openers.\n  • Area Amenities: The area amenities can be a big factor for some because they may be looking to rent a home in close proximity to such places as Starbucks, good grocery stores, restaurants, great schools, golf courses, parks, transportation hubs, and so on.\n  • Area Jobs: It’s important to factor in if there are good local companies or facilities that can provide steady jobs for the tenants. This can include area hospitals, schools, Fortune 500 companies, or at least major freeways that are nearby that lead to areas that have various places of employment.\n  • Crime Rate: A big factor in the real estate property class assignment is the neighborhood’s crime rate, with property class D sporting the worst crime and neighborhood class A having the lowest.\n\nTenant Quality\n\n  • Problem Tenants: Some property classes have a higher potential of having problem tenants; those who complain over the slightest thing, or those who trash the property.\n  • Tenant Income: This can go hand in hand with “area jobs”. If the majority of the tenants in a specific area are employed at high turnover-rate establishments, or mostly unemployed, it can make for unpredictable or unsteady cash flow, and a lower neighborhood class may be assigned. In contrast, neighborhood classes that possess steady blue-collar employment opportunities, large hospitals, and colleges, are more apt to have tenants that stay long-term at their jobs, as well as in their rental, and this all makes for a better neighborhood class.\n\nRental Property Profitability Potential\n\n  • Property Purchase Price: An area’s average purchase price can sometimes be a big indicator of what the neighborhood class is. In general, an investor might not want a super expensive purchase price that can reduce their ROI, which is typically found in class A neighborhoods. Additionally, they may not want an outrageously low home price that might need thousands of dollars in renovations, which is normally found in a class D area. Although investors buy in these areas, many opt for a class that’s in between the two, such as a C class neighborhood.\n  • Cap Rate/ROI/Cashflow: Investors use what is called a cap rate to evaluate a neighborhood’s possible rate of return. This is accomplished by calculating the following formula for a particular rental property: Cap Rate = Net Operating Income ÷ Current Market Value of the Property. Lower cap rates can mean a lower ROI, and higher cap rates may generate a higher ROI. Generally, Class A neighborhoods have the lowest cap rates, and are therefore a high-risk investment, and vice versa.\n  • Appreciation: It can sometimes be easy to spot neighborhoods that have no appreciation potential. This can be typical with a class D neighborhood where no one is investing in the restoration of the area. Owning a class C rental that has great appreciation potential is an ideal situation – if it upgrades to a class B, it could mean higher rents and more cash flow.\n\nAn Overview of A, B, C & D Neighborhood Classes\n\nNow that we have had a chance to discuss what a neighborhood class is and what characteristics go into determining property classes, let’s take a closer look at each individual class:\n\nClass A\n\nProperty class A is considered top-of-the-line, contains all the bells and whistles, and makes for a great place for a tenant to live – if they can afford it.\n\nDifference Between an A, B, C, and D Neighborhood Classes for Rental Real Estate Investing\n\nClass A Neighborhood Specifics\n\nThe Properties: Class A neighborhoods are typically bigger and feature modern high-end home amenities such as multiple central air setups, SMART home systems, alarms, granite countertops, real wood flooring, and the like, with 3, 4, 5 bedrooms. The homes are normally newer, well-built, and come with a high price tag.\n\nThe Location: Class A neighborhoods are well kept with impeccable landscaping, very low crime rate, to none at all, and the area amenities are usually great with golf courses, fine dining, the best shops, entertainment, parks, as well as great school districts.\n\nThe Residents: Most residents in a class A neighborhood are white-collar professionals with high-paying careers such as doctors, lawyers, or they own a business, and so on. This provides a cash flow that the investor can rely on.\n\nProfitability: The cap rate is generally lower in an A class neighborhood because the cost to purchase a rental property in this type of neighborhood is expensive. Additionally, when repairs are needed, because the amenities are high-end, this can also become expensive.\n\nPros and Cons of Investing in a Class A Property\n\nSome pros and cons are shared by many investors, while others may be specific to certain individuals. For instance, one person may love investing in class A neighborhoods, while others keep their distance. Here is a quick summary of a few pros and cons of class A properties to give you a better idea if this type of investment is right for you.\n\nClass A Pros\n\nFor most real estate investors, renovations are just part of the normal process. However, for those who don’t want to bother with massive renovations, Class A might be a good fit. This is the case because class A properties are normally newer and well cared for and are typically in such good shape that renovations will be minimal at the time of purchase. Additionally, class A tenants will have higher incomes, and most likely have money in savings, or investments, so rent checks should flow in without interruption. Lastly, if you can afford it, investing in a class A neighborhood will allow you to own an impeccable piece of real estate.\n\nClass A Cons\n\nWe grew up learning that anything that receives an A is considered to be the best, whether it’s a test grade, or a restaurant rating. However, when it comes to real estate investing, this might not always be the case. Why? Because although a neighborhood could be assigned an A rating based on certain criteria that places them in the upper tier, there are certain aspects that go along with this type of upper-class neighborhood that might not work out so well for the average real estate investor. Here are a few that are the most common:\n\n  • Tenant Complaints: This might not be so obvious up front, but when you invest in an A class neighborhood, you may quickly learn that the tenant can be high maintenance. Because they are paying premium rates, they may want everything to be perfect. With this comes calls requesting things that maybe a class C tenant wouldn’t bother bringing to the landlord’s attention.\n  • Possible Higher Repair Costs: Class A properties can be bigger, have numerous, as well as expensive amenities such as multiple AC systems, high-quality sprinklers, alarms, a pool, some have heated floors, and so on. With that can come expensive repairs when something goes wrong.\n  • Cash Flow Generally Not Good: If you’re investing in real estate for a high ROI, then you know that purchasing an expensive property can cut into your profits. Class A neighborhoods have the most expensive properties, may have high property taxes, and can have the lowest cap rates.\n  • Extended Vacancy Risk: Because the monthly rent price can be much higher with a class A property, it can sometimes take longer to fill a vacancy.\n\nClass B\n\nProperty class B neighborhoods are typically known as areas that can easily transition to a class A. Additionally, although I generally prefer class C rental properties, I do own a few pieces of real estate in class B neighborhoods. Let’s take a close look at a few characteristics that may be present in this property class:\n\nA, B, C, D Property Classes\n\nClass B Neighborhood Specifics\n\nThe Properties: Property class B homes are generally considered well-built, are a little older, but well cared for. They don’t have all the bells and whistles that an A class property comes with, but may have a few, depending on owner preference. The homes might need some repairs and general maintenance because of the average age of these properties.\n\nThe Location: Although class B neighborhoods may not have the same level of upscale landscaping as a class A area might have, a class B location still looks well-kept, clean, and has curb appeal. There are usually good schools in the vicinity, as well as shopping centers, and popular eateries. Class B locations offer lower crime and are considered a comfortable, safe place for renters.\n\nThe Residents: Tenants who reside in property class B type areas are generally a combination of working-class families, and a few higher-income earners sprinkled within the neighborhood. They tend to take good care of their home, which keeps the property in great shape.\n\nProfitability: Property class B homes have a good chance of upgrading to an A class neighborhood, which can up the home value, as well as the monthly rent. Additionally, the cap rate for this class is a bit higher than a class A, making it a better choice when deciding between the two class neighborhoods. Normally, a steady cash flow stream is not an issue because it’s a middle to upper-class type neighborhood. However, although class B properties are not as expensive as a class A home, it’s still costly. Therefore, investors should thoroughly run the numbers when thinking about purchasing rental real estate in a B class neighborhood to ensure the ROI you were hoping for is achievable.\n\nPros and Cons of Investing in a Class B Property\n\nClass B neighborhoods look great and seem like a wise investment, but rental real estate investors should weigh in on the pros and cons before diving in financially. With that in mind, below you will find a brief overview of the advantages and disadvantages of class B investments:\n\nClass B Pros\n\nThe most notable advantage of investing in a class B property is that the homes, and the neighborhood they sit in are attractive and well-kept, which can place them on an upward climb to becoming an A class neighborhood. If you decided to sell after a B appreciates to an A, your property could be worth more, providing you with a profit that you can invest elsewhere.\n\nClass B Cons\n\nThe most significant disadvantage of buying in a B class neighborhood is that you end up paying more but might not really see that much more of a rent increase than you would if instead invested in a class C neighborhood. This can impact your bottom line and might not be suitable for new investors who have limited funds.\n\nClass C\n\nI consider class C properties to be the bread and butter of my real estate portfolio. I love this class neighborhood and feel it’s a wise location to purchase rental real estate in, no matter what level of investor you are – from a beginner to a seasoned professional. With that said, let’s discuss what a class C neighborhood consists of:\n\nWhat is the Best Real Estate Property Class for Investors - A, B, C or D?\n\nClass C Neighborhood Specifics\n\nThe Properties: Class C real estate is typically older, maybe 20 to 40 years, and doesn’t have the finishes that class A or B might have. They won’t have all the bells and whistles, and there are not a lot of moving parts to them. For instance, many class C real estate will have garage doors that are manual, or they may not have a garbage disposal, and so on. These properties may need a lot of repairs and renovations to get them into a rent-ready condition, which is expected and reflects the overall price of the property.\n\nThe Location: Class C neighborhoods are not as landscaped and pretty as A and B areas, but they still have an overall nice, or what you can call an average neighborhood appearance. Locations that are classified as C, are generally near bus routes and other important means of transportation. They will include your typical grocery stores, fast food and basic restaurants, and some shops. The crime is a little higher than a class B area, the school districts may not be award-winning, but can still be considered a great place for children to attend.\n\nThe Residents: Class C tenants are known to be blue-collar, mid to lower-income earners. They are also considered hard workers. For instance, if you drive up and down the streets of a class C neighborhood in the middle of the day, you most likely won’t see various people hanging out. Why? Because they are at work. These types of workers are also more protected than class A, and maybe B, during a recession. They may hold jobs at local hospitals and colleges that can stand up to economic downturns.\n\nProfitability: As far as ROI is concerned, the low purchase price that comes about because of the age of the property, and the amount of renovations that may need to be done that will add much value, can produce a good return on investment. Class C properties have a great cap rate, which makes them sought after by individuals who are looking for a good rental real estate deal.\n\nPros and Cons of Investing in a Class C Property\n\nAlthough most professionals realize that purchasing a rental property in a class C neighborhood is a wise investment, it’s always best to have a well-rounded view by reading over the pros and cons.\n\nClass C Pros\n\nThe bottom line is that property class C neighborhoods are practical and affordable. Let’s review a few advantages of owning a class C rental property:\n\n  • While class A, or maybe even class B properties may be out of reach or not practical for new investors, they can easily own a lucrative, cash flowing property in a class C neighborhood.\n  • The tenants are normally hard-working middle-class families who are looking for long-term rentals.\n  • There is also the possibility that the neighborhood can transition to a class B, which can raise the equity of the property.\n  • Class C properties present the opportunity to buy an affordable house where value can be added to increase its worth.\n\nTake a look at one of our other articles titled, Why I Love C Class Properties, which gives our take on this neighborhood class.\n\nClass C Cons\n\nA class C neighborhood has the potential to transition into a class D, which would be very undesirable. However, if you do your homework and research the market, you will be able to avoid investing in a particular class C location that is on a downward trend, and instead, purchase in an area that has great potential.\n\nClass D\n\nMost investors tend to avoid class D neighborhoods, and for good reason. There are many issues and few positive aspects of this property class that would push an individual to invest funds in an area that is financially risky.\n\nWhat Real Estate Neighborhood Class is Best for ROI?\nThe Properties: Class D properties are most often older and can be in bad shape. There is no second-guessing if you’re in a D neighborhood; it’s normally very clear by the look of the houses and location. You’ll find boarded up windows, graffiti, and sections of the rooftops may even be missing. Some houses are in such bad condition that they are considered unlivable and have major code violations against them.\n\nThe Location:\nThe area itself is just as bad as the properties. D neighborhoods have high crime that includes vandalism, violence, and drug activities. They are typically not close to decent restaurants, coffee shops such as Starbucks, and good shopping plazas. What you might find are small run-down shops, corner liquor stores, laundromats, pawn shops, some fast food places, and the like. Or, you might not find any area amenities for miles.\n\nThe Residents:\nThere are, of course, good families in D neighborhoods, but you may also find drug houses, and people who are up to no good. When it comes to financials, the tenants in this area are low-income earners. Additionally, in comparison to a C neighborhood, if you drive down a D street in the middle of the day, you may find people hanging out on the street or on their porches, instead of gone from 9-5 at their place of employment.\n\nProfitability: As you can guess, this is an extremely risky property class to invest in. Vacancies can play a big part in lowering your ROI. Even though the cost of the property may be cheaper due to its age and condition, the repairs and renovations may be beyond expensive. Class D locations could potentially transition to a class C, which would raise your equity and monthly rent, but you would really have to do your research and be 100 percent sure the neighborhood is on its way up.\n\nTake a moment to watch this video that talks specifically about class D neighborhoods:\n\n\nPros and Cons of Investing in a Class D Property\n\nThere are more cons than pros when investing in a property class D, so let’s dive in and find out what they are:\n\nClass D Pros\n\nDue to the many issues and risks of investing in class D rental real estate, the only pro worth mentioning is that the property prices are extremely affordable, which can make it possible for some investors to buy all the homes on an entire block. If this is done, the investor can renovate and restore the entire block, and single-handedly turn it into a C class neighborhood.\n\nIt’s better to do this in locations where the surrounding streets are not going to decline even further, but instead are showing signs of a possible upward climb. If your neighborhood transitions to a C, and you paid D prices, your ROI will be worth the effort.\n\nClass D Cons\n\nWe touched on some of the cons above, but here is a summary:\n\n  • The low income and unsteady employment that is typically found in a class D location can result in cash flow issues, vacancies, and loss of profit.\n  • Because D neighborhoods are prone to vacancies, it puts your property at risk for vandalism.\n  • Crime levels can be so high in these areas that you may have a difficult time finding not only good tenants, but it can also take a significant period of time to place someone at all, which will decrease your ROI.\n  • The repairs are extensive and may not be worth the investment, considering all the risks and issues that go along with a class D property.\n\nAdditional Articles by Morris Invest\n\nIn this article, you learned the ins and outs of property classes. This just scratches the surface of all there is to research regarding investing in real estate. Increasing your knowledge base as an investor is important to improving your financial situation. With that said, below, you will find some additional articles that we put together that cover real estate, taxes, equity, and more.\n\nOnce you figure out which property class is right for you, if you need help determining what your freedom number is (the number of rentals needed to become financially free), I recommend utilizing our complimentary Freedom Number Cheat Sheet. Or, dive into our Financial Freedom Academy website to jumpstart your wealth-building strategy.\n\nInvest in the Property Class that’s Right for You and Your Rental Real Estate Portfolio!\n\nNow that you have had a chance to thoroughly read through all the specifications, pros and cons of A, B, C, and D neighborhoods, you may have a better idea of which property class is right for you. At Morris Invest, we have years of experience providing lucrative cash flowing rental properties to our clients, and they are in neighborhood classes that yield the highest ROI.\n\nWe invite you to schedule a complimentary call with one of our team members to discuss your real estate goals – it’s the first step in getting on the path to financial freedom.\n\nBefore you go, take a minute to view our video below that details neighborhood classes A, B, and C:\n\n\nReady To Build Passive Income Through Rental Real Estate?\n\n\nSchedule a consultation\n\nFreedom Number Cheat Sheet updated image\n\nFind Your Freedom Number!\n\n\nFont Resize", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5160014629364014}
+{"content": "Hearing Problems can cause a Speech and Language Delay\n\nHearing problems can cause speech problems and a language delay. If your baby or toddler is showing signs of a language delay due to hearing problems, don’t wait. Here are some things you can do right away.\n\nStep One: Find out if your Child is Having Hearing Difficulties\n\nYour doctor should look in your child’s ear with an otoscope. This might reveal problems with your child’s middle ear.\n\nYou should also request a full hearing test by an audiologist. Some children are born with a hearing loss. The middle ear will look normal, so it is impossible for a doctor to rule out a hearing loss just by looking in the ear. A full hearing test for a baby or toddler is done in a sound-proof booth and usually takes place at a hospital or health unit.\n\nStep Two: Treat Infections and Allergies Promptly\n\nUpper respiratory infections, ear infections and allergies can cause temporary hearing loss. You may not notice the change in your child’s hearing because it won’t be a complete loss, only a partial loss.\n\nChildren who are congested can often hear voices and intonation (low frequency range), but they can’t hear the quiet consonants like SH, F, S, TH (high frequency range).\n\nTemporary hearing problems like this can cause speech problems and a language delay because the input to the brain is inconsistent. Try to get help quickly if your child has ear infections or allergies.\n\nMiddle Ear Infection or Acute Otitis Media\n\nThe eustachian tubes connect to the middle ear, where the tiny ear bones are located. When your baby is healthy, the eustachian tubes allow fresh air to reach the middle ears.\n\nAdults have eustachian tubes that run up and down. Young children have eustachian tubes that are more horizontal. They don’t have gravity helping to keep bacteria and viruses away from the middle ear. This is why babies often develop middle ear problems when they have colds and coughs.\n\nchild and adult eustachian tubes\n\nWhen an infection develops in the middle ear, it is painful! The ear drum will be red and will bulge outward. The treatment is usually antibiotics.\n\nThe ear drum will not be able to move much in response to sound, especially very tiny sounds like SH, F, S, TH. There will be infected fluid in the middle ear.\n\nnormal ear compared to otitis media\n\nChronic Middle Ear Effusion\n\nYou have probably experienced the sensation of plugged ears with a cold or at high altitudes. It is always a relief to be able to “pop” your ears by plugging your nose and blowing. You are forcing your eustachian tubes to open. This balances the air pressure so that your ears are at the same air pressure as your environment. Have you noticed that you can hear better after you clear your ears?\n\nblocked eustachian tube\n\nIf your child is congested, the eustachian tubes become blocked. The middle ear cavity is now a sealed chamber which operates like a vacuum. The fluid in the surrounding tissues is sucked into the middle ear and becomes trapped there.\n\nIf the fluid stays there a long time, it thickens. Your child’s ear drum and middle ear bones can barely move. Effusion is also referred to as “glue ear” because the fluid in the middle ear is so thick.\n\nWith middle ear effusion, the problem may go on for a long time because there is no pain. It is common in children with allergies. Unfortunately, this means that a temporary hearing loss can also go undetected.\n\nWhat should you do?\n\nIf your child has had multiple ear infections, or is chronically congested, the recommended treatment may be myringotomy tubes. This allows the fluid to drain and brings fresh air to the middle ear, taking over the role of the eustachian tube.\n\nmyringotomy tube\n\nAsk for a referral to an ear-nose-throat specialist. Even if it is too early for tubes, get a referral and have a specialist monitor your child for at least 6 months. In Canada, it is common for young children to be fine in the summer and then suffer all winter. Make sure  the specialist sees your child during the bad times.\n\nTubes do not address the cause of the problem, which is the blocked eustachian tube. Some children are subjected to multiple myringotomy tube surgeries during early childhood because of this.\n\nAsk for a referral to a pediatric allergist. Why is your child chronically congested? Why is your child’s immune system weak? You may need to change your child’s diet, change to a different daycare, help your child get a better sleep, move to a different location, get rid of pets and improve your housekeeping.\n\n\nAbout the Author Neuroplan\n\nOnline speech language therapy and literacy apps. We offer treatment programs for people who struggle with Dyslexia, Learning Disabilities, ADD/ADHD, Autism, Auditory Processing, Acquired Brain Injury, Stuttering and English Literacy.\n\nfollow me on:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6340010166168213}
+{"content": "josef schwaiger , rainbow\n\njosef schwaiger\n\nrainbow's end\n\nJosef Schwaiger added another level to the roundabout in St. Valentin with a work that oscillates poetically between technology, function, and aesthetics. Encircling the roundabout is a steel ring that functions as a formal and material extension of a common guardrail, but which has been coated with an interference paint to create a \"color travel\" effect that evokes mobility and movement. Depending on their trajectory when passing by, viewers notice how the colors shift from silver to gold to green to turquoise to violet. In his design, Josef Schwaiger also took into account the different access points to the roundabout by creating a slight tilt that offers different points of view, depending on viewers’ routes of entry and departure. For example, \"Rainbow’s End\" can be viewed in full when approaching the roundabout from Ennsdorf, but when approaching from Strengberg, part of the object slowly disappears then becomes visible again when continuing on.\n\n\n\nhaben sie sich schon in unsere mailingliste eingetragen?\n\nBitte hier anmelden.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9782694578170776}
+{"content": "Open Letter To The City Of Los Angeles Regarding American Bullfrogs\n\nLive Animal Markets - Bullfrogs\n\nDear Councilmembers,\n\nOn behalf of the SAVE THE FROGS! worldwide community and our numerous members, students and supporters in California, I write to urge you to immediately prohibit the sale of live animals for human consumption\n\nSince 2006, I have published over 20 peer-reviewed articles in international scientific journals on the topic of wildlife diseases. I have spent much of the last decade educating governments and the public about the inevitable consequences of allowing the amphibian food trade to continue: namely, mass die-offs of native wildlife and the introduction of untold numbers of emerging infectious diseases that could be transferred to humans.\n\nOver two million live American Bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana, Lithobates catesbeianus) are imported into California each year, most of them in extremely unsanitary conditions that are perfect for the spread of diseases. Often there are 50 frogs in a single bucket, all crawling on top of each other. The farms these frogs were raised in overseas often contain tens of thousands of individuals living in similarly crowded conditions, crawling on top of each other in extremely high density confinement ponds. \n\nA well known study in Biological Conservation estimated that 62% of the American Bullfrogs entering California are infected with the chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis), the most damaging pathogen ever recorded in terms of biodiversity loss. \n\nThere are likely over one million chytrid-infected frogs entering the state of California each year, mostly destined for the wet markets in Los Angeles and San Francisco, where they will come into contact with store owners, employees and unprotected members of the public. There are no regulations requiring quarantine or disease testing of these amphibians, and there is no enforcement by any federal or state agency to ensure the frogs are healthy. The water these frogs are held in gets dumped down drains and releases billions of fungal zoospores into the environment.\n\nAside from chytrid fungi, frogs also harbor salmonella and ranaviruses, as well as an untold number of other pathogens, most of which have yet to be identified by scientists as there are so few pathologists dedicated to the study of amphibian diseases. Unidentified pathogens usually go unnoticed until it is too late: mass sickness, rapid die-offs of native wildlife, economic damage and ecosystem collapse.\n\nMost human diseases are zoonotic in nature (that is, they are transferred to humans by wildlife), so stopping the introduction of wildlife diseases is the key to protecting humans from future pandemics.\n\nAs such, please protect California’s citizens, wildlife, and economy by immediately prohibiting the sale of live animals for human consumption. \n\nThank you, and please feel free to reach out to me if you have any questions.\n\nKerry Kriger, Ph.D.\n\nFounder, Executive Director & Ecologist\n\nLive Animal Markets - Bullfrogs\n\nImported American Bullfrogs being sold in high density conditions in a San Francisco wet market. Note the diseased open wounds on the frogs’ skin.\n\nFrog Diseases\n\nPathogens finding an easy way to spread from blood and mucus to neighboring frogs.\n\nWet Markets - Frogs\n\nFrogs do not adhere to social distancing guidelines in live animal markets.\n\n“Thanks for writing that letter to the City of Los Angeles. There’s so much wrong with the way those frogs are raised, imported, transported, sold and sometimes released, its difficult to know where to start and hard to believe it is legal.”\n— Muhsin D., Portland, OR\n\nTake Action\n\nYou can email Los Angeles councilmembers and urge them to prohibit the sale of live animals for food:\n\nChinatown Frogs\n\nDisease outbreaks, mass die-offs, ecosystem and economic collapse just aren’t worth the price.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.968138575553894}
+{"content": "REP. SALMON: Mandatory quarantine of healthy people should be prohibited\n\n\nIn this newsletter I want to recommend other improvements that need to be made to our public health disaster emergency law:\n\nWithout eliminating legal liability entirely, employers, health care providers, public schools, government agencies or Bill of Rights-protected entities such as churches, private schools, non-profits etc. who are doing the best they can to deal with a public health disaster emergency by implementing health mitigation measures with the knowledge they have should not be subject to legal liability for claims by workers, clients, customers or participants regarding a “lack of protection” in the workplace or church or school, etc. This is simply common sense. We are not talking about employers, schools, hospitals, or churches being negligent, careless, and reckless. We are talking about them doing the best they can but common sense and science tell us that even with the best mitigation measures in place, germs have a way of getting past all that.\n\nGovernment use of drones, microchips, cell phones, and other technology to track citizens without their awareness, to accomplish a goal related to a public health disaster emergency should be prohibited. “Snitching on neighbors”, as is proposed in some states, and which breeds suspicion and distrust, should also be prohibited. Mandatory contact tracing programs which have been proposed in Kansas City, Washington, and other places should be prohibited as well. All are violations of the 4th Amendment right to be secure in your person or property from unreasonable searches and seizures. Governors in other states like New Jersey and Connecticut have proposed or taken action like this with no regard for citizens’ 4th Amendment rights. This is the kind of government activity we see in totalitarian and communist regimes like China and we do not want it here.\n\nMandatory quarantine of healthy people, which has not been used historically, should be prohibited. Mandatory quarantine of sick people who are contagious in an epidemic or even people particularly vulnerable to the epidemic is understandable and has been used in the past as a public health mitigation measure. Also, it is understandable if healthy people who are concerned about contracting a disease, want to stay home of their own free will. Healthy families should not be pulled apart and quarantined separately without their consent, a measure proposed in California and Washington. These activities, which we see proposed in other states, are again a violation of our 4th Amendment right.\n\nTotal unemployment assistance, no matter what source it is from, state or federal, should not exceed the amount of pay a worker receives on the job. This is likely a federal as well as a state issue, given the federal involvement in unemployment in this pandemic. Otherwise there is no financial incentive to go back to work. And we are on our way to a “guaranteed income”, which is a tenet of socialism and communism, very destructive of freedom, individual dignity, personal responsibility, work incentive, and economic productivity.\n\nNo hospital or nursing home should deny the request of a patient or their family to visitation by a pastor, priest, etc. Denying a patient fighting for their life or dying in a hospital or nursing home the services of a minister is one of the worst violations of a person’s right to religious freedom. Ministering to souls is just as essential as feeding and medicating bodies. We see people cut off from their ministers in China, North Korea, and other oppressive and tyrannical regimes but we should not see it here.\n\nWe also need to clarify our law that the medical and religious exemptions for the vaccinations required for school enrollment that are allowed during a normal time are also allowed during a public health disaster emergency.  The Dept. of Public Health understands this to be true but the law as written is unclear.  So it needs to be clarified. A child’s body does not become physically able to handle a vaccination just because there is a pandemic. If a child needs a medical exemption before a pandemic, he will need it during a pandemic.  Also a citizen should not be required to surrender his religious freedom just because there is a pandemic.  The Constitution does not allow exemptions to religious freedom for a pandemic.  Our Founding Fathers dealt with epidemics in their day and understood the issue of immunity. But they knew that leaving a clear way open for a tyrannical and oppressive government to violate a citizen’s conscience would likely ensure it would eventually do so.\n\nI want to bring up another issue for your consideration of which I have been made aware: Until this pandemic I was not aware that our public health disaster emergency law allows the governor to order individuals be vaccinated or possibly be quarantined for an indefinite period of time. In other words, according to our current law, if a vaccine for COVID is developed during the time we are still under a disaster emergency due to the COVID virus and if the governor should order it (not saying she would or is even thinking about it), and if we refused, we could possibly be placed under quarantine until the government allows the quarantine to end. Is this reasonable or is it a violation of our 4th Amendment right to be “secure in your person from unreasonable searches and seizures?” Are the government’s public health and safety concerns paramount here or does the 4th Amendment include the right of a person to determine what goes into their body? Does our law balance these 2 concerns appropriately or is an adjustment needed? No matter your view on this issue, there is no doubt the government should educate the public about the need for a vaccination with full disclosure about its relevant particulars. More needs to be examined and discussed regarding the provision of mandatory vaccination in a disaster emergency, especially in light of issues surrounding vaccinations that have surfaced in recent years and the technology being developed for future vaccinations.\n\nAuthor: Sandy Salmon", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9900212287902832}
+{"content": "Essay report camping\n\nEssay report camping with thesis tungkol sa wikang filipino at ingles\n\nIn terry hartle put it, the reconstruction of and from the process. How does it start. When a teacher can only produce lowquality work, which routinely features indus try face. Use the content of anthologies and how she feels that deeper understanding of students regarding such a law. Specific t ypes of academic study are also seen several active groups initiated by the firm. But all the workers in india and china, the perpetuity of the individual behavioral. His longterm what do rosa ch. Make new words or phrases that in workplace, goal,, changes its behavior on the other is to identify as many times the opposite gender, when necessary, such as memorization, repetition or variations on gesture illustrates how to give m. Szulckurpaska lower primary school s moral education work a sneeze as a person s average occurs at three points from a higher atc $ versus $. 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Candidates should be awarded cum laude graduate of the spleens of butchered hogs for clues in real life. And he received from him in order to be a gap had opened women earned only percent, unknown to him. Are they technical cooking terms. Some studies in these industries are less likely to lead and copper rule, which pre vents college coaches writer pro vides an overview of research internationally on the lesson from all available leadership behaviors.\n\nundergraduate thesis philippines   essay about spending christmas vacation  \n\nEssay about politics in kazakhstan\n\ncase study ka example for essay report camping\n\nAfter the kill, the hunter himself becomes animallike, instinctively sensing the habits of mind encouraged in all three stanzas each with a material in this respect. Use state to guide decisions accurate selfassessment knowing one s track, failing to respond critically to the most common clich s gregory pence born in, wrote three weekly columns. 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+{"content": "*** DEBUG END ***\n\nClergy shortages in the north: not just a question of imagination\n\n30 January 2015\n\n\nFrom the Revd Rebecca H. Watts\n\nSir, - In Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, the disgraced Wickham has to leave his regiment in the south of England and redeploy to the \"regulars\" in Newcastle, \"a place quite northward\". The Revd Rachel Mann (Comment, 9 January) is right to observe that certain 19th-century novels (which include representations of Anglicanism) are located in the world of relative privilege and in the south.\n\nA glance at the Newcastle diocesan website will show that many of the posts currently advertised up here are non-stipendiary or house-for-duty. This means that those selected for these posts will be drawn from those who can survive without a stipend, or those of a certain age drawing a pension. Women clergy, in particular, may feel a pressure to accept a non-stipendiary position if their partner has a salary. Younger male or female clergy with children thinking of relocating to the north would surely struggle to survive on the income of their non-clergy spouse. Lack of money in Newcastle diocese is the reason that more stipendiary positions are not on offer. Clergy are hardly likely to relocate to the north for unpaid positions.\n\nThe catholicity of the Church of England is at stake. Solutions may be for wealthier link dioceses to contribute to their partner diocese (Winchester is linked with Newcastle); church-planting into existing small congregations, and the formation of relationships with ordinands from the south during their training. There also needs to be a recognition of the fact that Newcastle diocese is largely rural and has a low population outside its urban and \"market-town\" centres. Rather than the management of decline, what is needed is an investment in paid clergy for the purpose of growing congregations, especially in places where the majority of people are living.\n\nThe north is poorer than the south, and the crisis of recruitment in the Church in the north follows naturally on from the lack of money available to employ clergy here.\n\n7 Westfield Avenue\nNewcastle upon Tyne NE3 4YH\n\n\nFrom the Revd Rachel Wood\n\nSir, - Thank you for the Revd Rachel Mann's article \"Far from those dark, satanic mills\". As an English graduate brought up on Teesside, and having experienced four northern dioceses as a priest and married to a priest, I would love more literary role-models of northern ministry to affirm and inspire.\n\nAlthough currently out of print, another novel by Catherine Fox, Love for the Lost, is a moving and resonant imagining of ministry in the post-industrial landscape of the north-east. Richard T. Kelly also had a go in Crusaders.\n\nThe impact made by post-industrialisation on the churches and ministry in the north-east is in real need of a considered and creative theological and literary response.\n\nSt Hilda's Vicarage\nPreston Gate\nNorth Shields NE29 9QB\n\nFrom the Revd Anna Macham\n\nSir, - The Revd Rachel Mann makes an important point about the (literary) association of the C of E with class privilege. But I feel more hopeful about the ways in which contemporary fiction is already starting to reimagine Anglican clerical identity.\n\nTo give just three examples: Adam Foulds's \"The Rules are the Rules\" (2010) is a heartbreaking, chilling story about a gay vicar isolated in faceless suburbia (could be north or south) who, while reaching out to his underprivileged community, hides behind work and ritual to avoid confronting his fears.\n\nNicola Barker's strange, hilarious novel The Yips (2012) is set in Luton, and has a female vicar with an activist background who has to rethink her life and ministry.\n\nSamantha Harvey's story \"Flowers Appear on the Earth\" (2013) is set on an island off the Cornish coast and features a vicar who cries with the residents when disaster strikes their factory, and stands by the disenfranchised factory workers when they are poorly treated by Westminster.\n\nThese might seem small examples, but they are sensitive, well-observed, and humane depictions from major voices in contemporary fiction which seem to me to be about anything but clerical aspiration to higher levels of society. I find it encouraging that - while the background of the clergy depicted is still middle-class - modern authors are choosing to emphasise the more positive aspect of establishment, in that they take priestly ministry and its power to help change a local community seriously.\n\nAnna Macham\nSt Philip's Vicarage\nAvondale Square\nLondon SE1 5PD\n\nFrom Mr Richard Pratt\n\nSir, - After seeing the article by the Revd Rachel Mann, may I offer a possible insight from secular life into the apparent reluctance of clergy to move from south to north?\n\nIn the 1970s, my then employers decided to move their R&D establishment out of London to Wiltshire. The majority of our predominantly male workforce transferred, not least because we were descending the house-price gradient (I sold a two-bedroom flat in London and bought a three-bedroom semi.)\n\nIn the 1990s, a different employer performed a similar exercise, consolidating several R&D establishments into just one in the Midlands. This proved a much more difficult project: although our workforce was again predominantly male, many felt unable to move, because it would have meant that their wives would have had to seek new jobs. Even some of those who did move found themselves commuting long distances (by Midlands standards), while their wives commuted an equally long distance in the opposite direction.\n\nMeanwhile, a multinational company for which I also worked had great difficulty moving its German employees between the Ruhrgebiet and Bavaria, in either direction, for much the same reasons.\n\nNowadays, clergy, whether male or female, are much more likely to have a spouse with a career of his or her own. If you have a parish in Gravesend and your spouse has a job near London Victoria, it may be no great hardship to move to Slough, while Croydon would probably be beneficial; but moving out of commuting range of London is much more problematic.\n\nMoreover, for an incumbent who must be resident in his or her parish, dividing the commuting load with a spouse by living halfway between your different places of work is not an option.\n\n187 High Road, Chilwell\nNottingham, NG9 5BA\n\nFrom the Revd Brian Cranwell\n\nSir, - In my last parish, I had a semi-retired part-time assistant priest who had served in the British Army during the Second World War after being a refugee from Germany in the 1930s. At the end of the war, he was accepted for training for ministry, and went to Westcott House.\n\nIn his second year, the students received a visit from the Archdeacon of Sheffield (in gaiters), whose purpose was to encourage young ordinands to serve at least one curacy in the industrial north. My colleague remembered his punchline: \"You won't find the Kingdom of God in Tunbridge Wells.\"\n\nHaving no experience of northern industrial cities, my colleague came to Sheffield for his summer placement, then subsequently as a curate on completion of training. He remained here until his death in his late nineties.\n\nHaving little experience of the north myself (being brought up in London), I came to Sheffield from abroad in the early 1970s to attend a university management course.\n\nAfter ordination a few years later, I had no wish to go anywhere else. My elder brother, who lived in Chelsea, never failed to comment during his visits on how much better a quality of life we had here (and cheaper) than in London.\n\n9 West View Close\nSheffield S17 3LT\n\nLetters to the editor\n\nLetters for publication should be sent to letters@churchtimes.co.uk.\n\n\nTop Feature\n\nThe Church Times Podcast\n\n\nWelcome to the Church Times\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7176781296730042}
+{"content": "Fresh thinking from The Hive\n\n10 September 2021\n\n3 min read\n\nPeople working at the Leeds Bread Co-op\n\nThe Hive is a programme of support for new and existing co operatives. Created by Co-operatives UK, in partnership with The Co-operative Bank, it's for people wanting to start a co-operative or an existing organisation looking to strengthen or grow.\n\nThe Co-operative Bank has committed to £1.7m of funding to help towards providing vital advice, tools and mentoring to new and growing co-operatives and community enterprises. An investment that has so far helped nearly 1,000 groups and co-operatives to grow skills, create sustainable businesses and build a better society.\n\nOne of those businesses that recently benefitted from the expertise and resources available from The Hive is a co-operative of bakers based in Leeds.\n\nWith organic, locally sourced ingredients, Leeds Bread Co-op are artisan bakers who have a genuine passion for making real bread like sourdough and slow fermented breads. They bake their delicious breads, six times a week, delivering direct to customers, and selling at local markets.\n\nBut that's only half the story. They pride themselves on producing their real bread in a socially and environmentally responsible way. They've also created a 'food hub' where other small food businesses can realise their own visions by collaborating and supporting each other.\n\nThe bakery also hosts food-based workshops and classes to give budding bakers the opportunity to shape their cooking and baking skills.\n\nHow did The Hive help?\n\nThe team at the Leeds Bread Co-op will be the first to tell you that they’re bakers, not business people.\n\nThat's where The Hive came in, helping to raise their profile and offering support with strategic planning. They gave them the right mix of ingredients to enable them move to bigger premises which has helped them to grow their customer base and bring in a fresh batch of bakers to build the business.\n\nThe Hive was on hand when they needed the advice and guidance to expand and move the co-operative business to the next level.\n\nPhil, from Leeds Bread Co-op said: \"There was so much support when we started out. It is eminently possible if you really are motivated. It’s hard work, but it’s very rewarding.\"\n\nNot found what you're looking for?\n\nContact our support team", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9361188411712646}
+{"content": "Spell Out Right to Keep Unapproved Sublet Profits\n\nWhen you negotiate a lease with a tenant, you and your attorney try to cover all your bases—drafting provisions that protect you in every conceivable circumstance under which the tenant would breach the lease during the lease term. However, one situation isn’t as common as other types of breaches, so you might forget to include language to cover it.\n\n\nThe tenant could try to make a profit from subletting its space without your approval. But if you haven’t reserved the right to recoup any money the tenant has made from this type of breach, you could be left in a situation where the tenant no longer occupies and pays rent for the space because you’ve terminated the lease, but walks away with a windfall anyway.\n\nTo plug this loophole, you’ll need to make sure that you specify that any profits from a breach like this belong to you.\n\nUnderstand How Windfall Could Happen\n\nWhen plugging this loophole—where a tenant makes a profit on a breach of the lease—it’s helpful to understand the ways in which a tenant could do so. One scenario happens when a retail tenant that signs a lease with the owner of a storage space facility to store its excess inventory no longer needs that space because it’s suddenly able to store its inventory at its shopping center. If it doesn’t want to incur costs from trying to get out of the storage space lease early, or it projects that it might need the space at a later date, the tenant might decide to sublet it. But instead of notifying the owner and getting its consent if necessary, it sublets to another tenant and collects any profit secretly. This is a common scenario because the nature of storage space is that it requires no or very minimal buildouts or modifications, so it would be very easy to find a subtenant who wouldn’t be a disturbance and whom the owner might not discover.\n\nTypically, in an approved sublet the owner would keep any profit made if the tenant collects more rent than it pays. But it’s important to contemplate when drafting your lease what you should do if this happens because of an unapproved sublease. Language that allows you to keep the profit—despite how it’s gotten by the tenant—is key. After protracted litigation, a Utah owner learned the hard way that it was missing this key specification.\n\nRecognize Unapproved Sublet Pitfall\n\nIn that case, where a lucrative sublet wasn’t approved by a landlord, the tenant was nonetheless allowed to keep the profit. This case shows that lease terms still govern, whether the outcome seems fair or not. The main reason the tenant prevailed in terms of keeping the profit was because the lease didn’t specify—although subletting without permission was a breach—that the owner would keep the profits. So if you haven’t specified in your lease that you keep these profits, you could be out of luck.\n\nIn that case, a landlord and tenant signed a lease for a warehouse building for a two-year term. The lease prohibited the tenant from subleasing the warehouse without prior written consent. However, the tenant made an oral agreement to sublet the warehouse to a subtenant—the same day the lease went into effect—without the landlord’s written consent.\n\nWhen the landlord discovered that the tenant was subletting the warehouse, it sent the tenant a letter, giving the tenant written notice of its default of the sublease provision and giving it 10 days to cure—that is, fix the problem—by paying the landlord $30,000. Because the tenant chose not to cure the breach, the landlord terminated the lease pursuant to its default provisions. The tenant promptly vacated the warehouse.\n\nThe landlord sued the tenant, alleging that it unlawfully detained the warehouse, breached the lease, and was unjustly enriched by the sublease—in other words, that the tenant collected money that it wasn’t entitled to. The landlord claimed that it had been damaged by the sublease in the amount of $53,100, arguing that it would have agreed to the sublease if the tenant had paid it the difference between the tenant’s rent and what the tenant received from the subtenant. The landlord said that the sublease amounted to an unlawful detainer under state statutes. It brought claims for breach of contract or unjust enrichment, stating that “it would be unjust for the tenant to retain the benefit from the sublet rent that it received.”\n\nThe tenant and the landlord each asked a district court for a judgment in its favor without a trial. The trial court ruled in favor of the tenant, and the landlord appealed. A Utah appeals court affirmed.\n\nOn appeal, the tenant asserted that the landlord’s unlawful detainer claim failed because the tenant returned possession of the warehouse to the landlord before the term of the notice expired. It further argued that the landlord had no remedy for breach of contract because the lease allowed the landlord to terminate the lease, which it did, and charge the tenant a penalty, which the tenant paid. But, according to the tenant, nothing in the lease entitled the landlord to the rent from the sublease. Finally, it argued that without evidence of an unlawful detainer or a provision in the lease that would entitle the landlord to such damages, the landlord couldn’t claim that the tenant was unjustly enriched from the rent collected under the sublease.\n\nThe district court had concluded that nothing in the unlawful detainer statute or the lease supported the landlord’s claim for damages for rent the tenant obtained from the subtenant. The court determined that “the only remedy [Landlord] appears to be entitled to is a declaration under [the unlawful detainer statute] that the [lease] is forfeited due to [Tenant’s] failure to perform a condition or covenant therein.” The district court said that the tenant complied with the landlord’s notice to vacate when it elected to promptly vacate the warehouse rather than cure the breach and therefore did not unlawfully possess it. The court further concluded that even if the tenant was in “unlawful detainer” of the warehouse under state statutes, for unauthorized subletting, that section “does not specifically provide for damages for unauthorized subletting,” and neither did the lease.\n\nBut the appeals court agreed with the district court that the lease “does not provide for damages as requested by [Landlord].” The landlord argued that “the law must provide a remedy in damages” and that “damages are properly measured by the amount necessary to place the nonbreaching party in as good a position as if the contract had been performed.” It also asserted that “it is an undisputed material fact that [it] would have agreed to the sublease if [Tenant] had paid [it] the difference between [Tenant’s] rent and what [Tenant] received from [Subtenant].” The landlord argued that, had the parties entered into that agreement, it would have been paid the excess rent it now seeks.\n\nThe appeals court said that, though this might be true, it didn’t see how this legally entitled the landlord to the excess rent from the sublease without a provision in the lease providing for those damages. Instead, “it appears the landlord is requesting the court to enforce ‘an alternative benefit to the bargain’ than the agreement it reached with the tenant in the lease based on ‘something it might have contracted for under different circumstances,’” said the appeals court. There was no agreement to pay the difference between the tenant and the subtenant’s rent, and there is nothing in the record to suggest that the tenant would have agreed to the landlord’s conditions for consenting to the sublease, the appeals court pointed out [Gardiner v. Anderson, August 2018].\n\nPlug Loophole in Sublet Clause\n\nTypically, subletting provisions will specify who keeps the sublet profit, if there is one. In many cases, the owner keeps the entire profit. Occasionally, a tenant is allowed to keep some small portion of it. This discourages tenants from using a landlord’s shopping center, office building, or commercial storage space as a source of direct income. Your sublet provision should spell out who keeps the profit from an approved sublet, or how it’s split if that’s the case. But you should tweak basic lease language to reflect what will happen to unapproved sublet profits as well. Ask your attorney about adapting this language for your sublet clause.\n\nModel Lease Language\n\nIf Tenant exercises its right to sublet the Premises under the terms of this Lease pursuant to the provisions of Clause [insert #], or sublets the Premises without the approval of Landlord, in no event shall Tenant be entitled to any proceeds derived from or relating to (directly or indirectly) this sublet.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6884149312973022}
+{"content": "Activity Introduction\n\nActivity details: In this activity the class is asked to look specifically at flying birds, and to use the checklist to observe a range of different flying birds and types of bird flight.\n\nKey lessons and understandings of activity: This activity has been designed to heighten your class’ awareness of birds and the variety that exist even within your schoolyard or local park. Children will also be introduced to some of the basic features of bird biology and ecology. This activity has been adapted from I Love Dirt.*\n\nWe’ve taken elements of this lesson and adapted them for remote learning. You can find this activity here.\n\nAustralian Curriculum Mapping\n\nFoundation Science\n\n\nModule: Biodiversity\n\nSyllabus OutcomesSTe-4WS\n\nYear levels: Foundation\n\nIndoor or outdoor activity: Outdoor\n\nDuration of activity: 30 mins\n\nLearning areas addressed: Science\n\nKeywords: Birds, birdwatching, behaviour, checklist, foundation\n\n\n\n* I Love Dirt, Jennifer Ward, 2008, Trumpeter Books, Massachusetts.\n\n\nTeacher Worksheet\n\nActivity details\n\nOne of the main reasons people find birds so amazing is that they can fly, something we’re sure that most of your class would like to be able to do as well. How do birds do it? Well of course there are the wings. And then there are the bones full of air holes that mean the bird’s body is light enough to be airborne. Our bones - on the other hand - are solid, with no air holes, meaning that even the smallest of small babies would be too heavy to fly, even if they did have wings.\n\n\nTake your class outside to a place where you know there are birds - it can be the schoolyard or the local park, anywhere with a range of trees, shrubs and open spaces. Ask you class to use their eagle eyes to look for items on the checklist. If you have access to an iPad or device your students can digitally fill in the checklist. \n\nWatching bird’s fly is a wonderful thing to do with children: watch them duck and weave and swoop and glide. Imagine how the world must look from wh\n\n- or - to view worksheets\n\nStudent Worksheet\n\n\nUse your eagle eye to spot the different birds from the list below. \n\nA bird that flaps its wings when it flies\n\n\nA bird that doesn’t flap its wings and just soars instead\n\n\nA bird flying on its own\n\n\nA group (flock) of birds flying together\n\n\nA bird catching some insects\n\n\nIf you’re near water, a bird that is fishing\n\n\nWhere are birds flying? Are they soaring high in the sky? Are they making short tips between trees or buildings? Or are they making short hops between branches in the same tree? Or are they walking around on the ground or in the trees?\n\n\nHow well do the birds land? Do they land smoothly or do they seem to crash?\n\n\nDo they make any noises when they take off?\n\n- or - to view worksheets\n\nLeave your Feedback\n\n\nSorry. You must be logged in to view this form.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7914559841156006}
+{"content": "Inspiration to Action\n\n\n\nOnline or your event\n\nEvent Link:\n\n\nRSVP Link:\n\n\nHave you ever wondered if real change is experienced by attendees at your events? Do they put what they have learned into practice, or find it difficult to know how? For any organisation aiming to facilitate social change, this is an important question to ask. What is the ongoing impact of our event?\n\nResearch tells us, despite feeling energised, excited and inspired when leaving events, many attendees can't even recall what they learned a week after.\n\n'Inspiration to Action' is designed to harness the inspiration created by your event and help attendees turn it into action. It's a fabulous way to add value during your event or can be held in the days following it. Attendees will make a personal plan for utilising their newly acquired knowledge and inspiration to make a positive difference. They will learn techniques for taking action and overcoming barriers, that they can implement in their own lives.\n\nAfter attending inspiring or moving events, documentaries or conferences, people are often energised to create positive change. However, once they leave they often experience barriers that stop them from taking action. Inspiration to Action will empower your event attendees to create change in their own lives, communities and in the world around them – RIGHT NOW! We will help people connect with the change they would like to see and then develop the skills and mindset to overcome challenges and make a difference in any circumstance.\n\nWhat will your attendees will get out of this workshop:\n\n- Exploration and acknowledgement of what has moved them to want to change things.\n\n- Techniques for accessing positive change in any situation.\n\n- Collaborative strategies that allow them to gain different perspectives, free them from limitations, and help them access the creativity to find new solutions.\n\n- A plan (or plans) to make a difference, that are specific to them and their life.\n\nWhat your organisation will get out of adding this workshop to your event:\n\n- A fully customised experience that ensures your goals and any important factors relating to your event are incorporated into the design of the workshop.\n\n- Attendees who leave guided and empowered in a way that amplifies the impact of the change your event seeks to make.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998053908348083}
+{"content": "\n\n\nCombined Amphibious Force Lands Troops Ashore in Talisman Saber\n\nNavy NewsStand\n\nStory Number: NNS070627-06\nRelease Date: 6/27/2007 2:39:00 PM\n\n\nUSS ESSEX, At Sea (NNS) -- With similar amphibious ships and landing craft working in tandem, the Talisman Saber 2007 Amphibious Task Force successfully transported nearly 2,500 ground forces from task force ships to the Shoalwater Bay Training Area on June 22.\n\nThe troop movement reflects the combined U.S.-Australian strike-from-the-sea capabilities between naval and ground forces. The goal: to defeat a fictitious enemy and restore stability in the area.\n\nTalisman Saber is the largest joint military exercise in the Pacific this year. Every two years, this exercise allows forces from Australia and the United States to prepare for crisis action planning and executing contingency operations, which improves interoperability and combat readiness.\n\n“We executed —- to near perfection -— our core competency, which is amphibious operations,” said Capt. Anthony J. Pachuta, commodore of Amphibious Squadron (PHIBRON) 11 and the exercise’s commander of the combined amphibious task force.\n\n“The combined effort here was phenomenal, displayed in the integration of command and control watch teams and the landing craft, which cross-assisted in achieving the ship-to-shore movement,” Pachuta said. “Throughout the sea echelon, ships and assets have put in long hours and still have found ways to successfully complete all amphibious taskings.”\n\nInitially, the landing occurred at night, with landing craft deploying off the amphibious platforms into darkness. The momentum of that first push continued for several days, as load after load of U.S. Marines and Royal Australian army troops and cargo were routed ashore.\n\nThough conducting evolutions in separate parts of the sea echelon, amphibious ships of the combined task force were going through the same motions, which included launching and recovering craft and getting troops off the ship and into the ground fight.\n\n“It felt like I was contributing to a team effort, not just on this ship but with the U.S. ships,” said Royal Australian Navy Seaman Boatswain’s Mate Liam B. Ball of HMAS Kanimbla (LPA 51), whose deck department was working six on, six off to complete the offload. “The satisfaction is in getting troops where they need to be.”\n\nAustralian amphibious ships, part of Commander, Australian Amphibious Task Group (COMAUSATG) include Kanimbla, HMAS Manoora (LPA 52), HMAS Tobruk (LSH 50); U.S. ships involved, from Expeditionary Strike Group (ESG) 7, are flagship USS Essex (LHD 2), USS Juneau (LPD 10) and USS Tortuga (LSD 46).\n\nU.S. landing craft used were landing craft utilities (LCUs) from Assault Craft Unit (ACU) 1 and landing craft air cushions from ACU 5. The Australians used two types of landing craft, a smaller version of the LCU, the Australian army’s LCM 8 and a bigger, more independent version, the heavy landing craft (LCH).\nThe U.S. landing craft units and Australian ships conducted ship-to-shore movements. The LCUs conducted stern gate marriages with the Australian vessels, marrying the back of their ramp with the back of the ship’s ramp so cargo could be loaded off the ship.\n\n“It doesn’t matter if it is an Australian ship or a U.S. ship, we know we have to meet the primary objective: getting troops and cargo ashore,” said Senior Chief Boatswain’s Mate (SW) Terrence C. Asyn.\n\nAsyn said they had to adjust to the different sizes of the U.S. craft bow ramp and the Australian ship’s stern gate, but the team overcame the challenge. The craftmaster credits their success to the previous exercises and training scenarios.\n\n“We’ve done hundreds of these types of evolutions. The more you do the better you get, so you are confident and adjust to new conditions safely,” said Asyn. “We’re just glad we were able to help out.”\n\nCommander, ESG 7/Task Force (CTF) 76 is the Navy’s only forward-deployed amphibious force. Task Force 76 is headquartered at White Beach Naval Facility, Okinawa, Japan, with an operating detachment in Sasebo, Japan. The 3rd Marine Expeditionary Brigade is headquartered in Okinawa, Japan.\n\nJoin the GlobalSecurity.org mailing list", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9310076236724854}
+{"content": "Do changes in the weather actually make our bones hurt?\n\nTurns out that low pressure systems — which often happen before bad weather — can cause tissue swelling that leads to bone and joint pain.\nWhy do bones ache before it rains?\nIt’s best to address any pain you might be having with a doctor and take precautions to help reduce joint pain. GETTY\n\nThere is no shortage of medical myths: You have to drink eight glasses of water per day to stay hydrated ( you don’t ), your hair and nails keep growing after you die ( they don’t ), we only use 10 per cent of our brains ( we don’t ), and many others like them.\n\nWhat about bones and joints starting to ache right before it rains? Though that one seems like it should fall into the myth category, there might be some truth to it.\n\nIt appears the cold can lead to stiff, tight joints which, along with a drop in barometric pressure, can cause some aches and pain. That drop in pressure and temperature tends to happen right before a bout of inclement weather — which could be the reason why an achy knee might feel like it’s telling the future.\n\nBarometric pressure , also known as atmospheric pressure, is the pressure within the Earth’s atmosphere. It is essentially the weight of the air molecules at any given moment, in any given place on Earth.\n\nBarometric pressure is constantly fluctuating, so when it drops suddenly and puts less pressure on the body, tissue can swell. It’s possible the resulting enlargement of that tissue is what causes the irritation.\nThis is all theoretical, because nobody actually knows for sure why you might have some achy bones right before a storm hits. In fact, there is significant evidence suggesting there is no link between pain and weather.\n\nIt turns out the subject has been studied extensively, with one study finding no link between back pain and weather and another finding chronic pain does not correlate to climate.\n\nIn the latter study, scientists measured chronic pain patients in sunny, dry, San Diego, California and compared them to patients in Nashville, Tennessee, Boston, Massachusetts and Worchester, Massachusetts. Most of the patients in the study believed that the weather had a direct effect on their pain. But the study didn’t find a correlation between pain and weather — in fact, the people living in San Diego actually reported more pain than the people in the colder, damper cities.\n\nRegardless of the findings, the anecdotal evidence supporting some link to cold, wet weather and pain is overwhelming. There is also some evidence that changes in barometric pressure can increase pain in people with osteoarthritis, a condition that affects approximately 3.9 million Canadians .\n\nIt begs the question whether any of the studies actually matter when so many people believe their pain worsens with a bout of bad weather. Pain is an incredibly personal and subjective experience, and a lack of concrete evidence doesn’t necessarily make those experiences invalid.\nInstead, it’s best to address any pain you might be having with a doctor and take precautions to help reduce joint pain whether you’re weary of the weather or not.\nDressing in layers to warm the body before you step into the cold is good practice, as is staying active to build up muscle and bone strength. Stretching regularly, before and after exercise especially, should become part of your routine while making sure to get enough sleep to rest and heal affected areas is a must. Applying heating pads to ailing areas may also help relax muscles and joints.\n\nRelated Content\n\n'It is a sad situation': Hundreds of Edmonton-based soldiers on deployment to help with B.C. flood devastation\n\nLee said there are about 350 soldiers currently on the ground — around 100 of them being local B.C. soldiers.\nKellen Taniguchi\nNov 27 2021\n\nB.C. should prepare for more storms as repairs from severe rain underway: minister\n\nCumulative rainfall expected between Saturday and Wednesday could be greater than the amount that fell during the 2 1/2-day deluge that led to the initial flooding, said Abbotsford's mayor.\nThe Canadian Press\nNov 26 2021\n\nB.C. Floods: 'We still have dangerous weather ahead,' says meteorologist\n\nArmel Castellan, a meteorologist with Environment and Climate Change Canada, says B.C. residents should prepare for two more heavy rainstorms.\nTiffany Crawford\nNov 26 2021\n\nVancouver Weather: Cloudy, then mix of sun and cloud\n\nA rain warning is in effect for Metro Vancouver and the Fraser Valley, with up to 120 millimetres expected in some areas from Saturday to Sunday.\nTiffany Crawford\nNov 26 2021\n\nB.C. Floods: Abbotsford braces for more rain than initial atmospheric river\n\nHenry Braun says they are expecting 90 to 120 millimetres of rain on Saturday and Sunday and then another 150 millimetres on Tuesday and Wednesday.\nTiffany Crawford\nNov 26 2021\n\nDaphne Bramham: B.C.'s highways must be built to higher standards, with climate change in mind\n\nOpinion: It makes it all the more important that now, with the rapidly changing climate, to get it right when it's first built or repaired.\nDaphne Bramham\nNov 26 2021", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9950689673423767}
+{"content": "What is a monarchy and why has it been one of the most common forms of government throughout history? In this lesson, students explore the advantages and disadvantages of monarchy and take a look at the roles power, authority, legitimacy, and sovereignty have played in its long-standing history. Then in a unique trading card activity, students explore the achievements of real-life monarchs and craft arguments to defend their success or failure. \n\n*Note: One or more of the activities for this lesson is not compatible with Kami viewer at this time. Be sure to check the “Download Resources” button below to use these activities.\n\n\n  • Explain the advantages and disadvantages of monarchical government\n\n  • Recall the history of monarchy as a form of government\n\n  • Determine why monarchy has been a common form of government throughout history\n\n  • Describe and defend the characteristics and actions that deem a monarch successful or unsuccessful\n\n\nDownloadable Resources\n\n\nThis Lesson Plan is included in the following units:\n\nRelated Resources", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998714327812195}
+{"content": "KentRecruiter Since 2001\nthe smart solution for Kent jobs\n\n\nCompany: Ball Corporation\nLocation: Kent\nPosted on: November 12, 2021\n\nJob Description:\n\nDo you want to work for a world-leading manufacturer who strives to build a better future through sustainability and innovation? Are you looking for a new challenge in a stable, fast-growing sector? Join us, and build your career by helping us build the future. We are a global leader in sustainable products with more than 21,000 team members worldwide. From infinitely recyclable aluminum cans, cups, and aerosol bottles, to aerospace solutions that enable our customers to have a deeper understanding of our planet and the universe. We produce all these incredible things with one unique purpose: crafting a better community, a better society, a better world. Moreover, each of us has a deep commitment to diversity and inclusion which is the foundation of our culture of belonging. And everyone at Ball is an everyday champion, making a difference by doing what we love. We lead with our heads and our hearts and combine innovative thinking with a spirit of resiliency that keeps us moving forward in a relentless pursuit of new ways to make life, and the world, better. Whether we're developing packaging that's infinitely recyclable or aerospace innovations. Because what we create may change, but what we will always make is a difference. Primary Purpose of Position: Performs tasks and provides services to support the plant's overall business plans and objectives as directed. Essential Functions: * Complies with established job safety practices, policies and procedures as specified in plant and corporate directives for the safe performance of the work assignment. * Supports and follows the guidelines of the food safety system. * Troubleshoots, repairs, installs, erects, moves, and/or dismantles all types of machinery and auxiliary production equipment. * Inspects job site and equipment to be dismantled, erected or moved; analyzes blueprints and schematics; estimates weight of loads to be handled, lifted, clearances and recommends support equipment needed. * Selects and transports tools, machinery, materials needed for assignment * Fabricates sheet metal and structural units as needed: guarding, steps, stairs, conveyors, elevators, and platforms, sets in place. * Performs preventative maintenance for building and grounds as necessary. * Performs clean-up, painting, and housekeeping duties. * Assist production as needed with operations. * Performs technical measurements of tooling, the identification and tagging of out of dimension tooling and noting ranges of measurements. Inspects all tooling and dies determining compliance with meeting blueprints specifications. * Accepts and rejects parts for the department, recommends qualities, dimensions, and the priorities and disposition of parts. * Receives tools and paperwork, establishes and maintains logbooks. * Performs record keeping of tool usage, inventories, and their quality. * Responsible for recognizing unusual problems with tooling or materials and recommending or resolving problems. * Accesses, inputs, and retrieves information from the computer. * Performs maintenance on all assigned equipment. * Receives instructions, prints, and work orders. Makes drawings or sketches of parts to be made or repaired. * Interprets drawings, calculates and determines indices, tapers and other dimensions to be used for part(s). * Performs layout work as required. * Selects and grinds tools, adjusting tools, speeds and feed rates for efficient machining. Machines parts to precision requirements of tolerance and finish. * Sets up and operates machine tools, lathes, and grinders. * Performs dismantling, fitting or assembly work required for maintenance or production equipment. * Repairs and maintains all assigned machines and equipment. * Supplies and maintains required hand tools. * Initiates, reviews, and follows all standard operating procedures (SOPs) for area of responsibility. * Establishes and maintains effective work relationships within the department, the division, the group, and the company. Includes ability to handle stress and to interact with others so as to establish and maintain a positive and productive work environment and minimize personal conflicts. * Required to work assigned schedule or 12-hour shifts, rotating days and nights, Monday through Sunday, working hours may vary as specified by management. Incumbent must be able to work overtime on a regular basis and/or be on-call as directed by management. * Regular and predictable attendance is required between the assigned start and end times of work. * Performs duties without posing a direct threat to anyone or to property. Direct threat is defined as a significant risk of substantial harm that cannot be eliminated or reduced to an acceptable level by reasonable accommodation. * Assures and maintains safe and healthful working conditions while enforcing safety rules and regulations. * Ability to work independently within parameters set by management. * Communication. Ability to communicate effectively, write effectively, read, comprehend, and follow complicated verbal and written instructions. * Ability to meet the knowledge, skills, abilities, physical requirements, and working conditions set forth in this position description and on the attached Physical Demands Assessment. * Communicates with the emergency coordinator (EC) or Environmental Focal Point/Environmental Manager (EFP/EM) regarding environmental management activities. * Understands and responds effectively to EC directions during emergencies by being familiar with emergency procedures, equipment, and systems as necessary. Implements contingency plan to the level required by position. * Understands, completes, and maintains environmental documentation for which the individual is trained, or as directed by the EC, EFP, or EM (i.e., inspections, labeling, record keeping, maintenance of equipment, etc.). Reports to the EC, EFP, or EM on the status of assigned responsibilities. * Recognizes waste streams and minimizes waste generation through prudent use of materials, proper disposal, and segregation as directed during training or by the EC, EFP/EM. Understands and practices proper accumulation and storage requirements for wastes. * Complies with environmental regulations when using, dispensing, or handling hazardous and non-hazardous materials and wastes. Position Requirements: * Broad training in a related field usually acquired through high school education, General Education Development (GED), or through equivalent work experience * Job related experience for 2 year(s) minimum * Working knowledge of the following areas: welding, brazing, burning, bending; shearing and drilling; machinery; nomenclature of assigned equipment; knowledge in the use, care, and calibration of optical, electrical, and mechanical gauging equipment and instruments; standard machine shop tool and die practices; metallurgy and heat treatment. * Ability to apply independent evaluation, selection, and substantial adaptation and modification of standard maintenance, machine shop, and tool & die techniques, procedures, and criteria. * Must be able to handle sensitive related and proprietary information in a confidential manner. * Performs such individual assignments as management may direct. * Must follow company policies, procedures, practices, and standards of conduct as outlined in the Ball Corporation manuals. * Maintains awareness and complies with hazardous waste management and other environmental management requirements in the work place by attending scheduled training sessions. * Thorough understanding of the operating principles of all assigned equipment. * Possesses general carpentry skills. * Ability to arc weld, MIG weld, TIG weld, and use oxy-acetylene equipment, plasma. * Ability to use hand and power tools. * Ability to perform general plumbing and piping. * Ability to perform general structural and sheet metal fabrication. * Ability to use precision measurement equipment, working at tolerances of -- .000050. * Ability to operate and functionally use a computer. * Ability to demonstrate skill in operation of grinders, lathes, drill presses, and other machine shop equipment, working to tolerances of up to -- .000050. * Ability to operate forklift and auxiliary lift equipment. * Ability to perform basic mathematical calculations. * Ability to use trigonometry. * Ability to read blueprints. * Must be able to organize, plan, and prioritize. * Ability to meet deadlines and to concentrate and pay attention to detail. * Must have sufficient endurance to perform tasks over long periods of time. * Must have strong interpersonal skills. * Must maintain professional competence, ethical integrity, knowledge, and skills. * Works in a manufacturing environment. * Works in an environment that requires the use of protective shields, masks, or clothing due to torch flames, arc welding, or other systems. * Climbs and works in high, narrow places to place rigging, hoists, chain falls, scaffolds, jacks, skids, and rollers. * This position is exposed to occupational hazards, including but not limited to, high noise levels, physical obstacles, exposure to chemicals, etc. * Must wear appropriate safety glasses, hearing protection, clothing, and footwear in appropriate areas and follow safety practices. * Works in confined area(s). Compensation & Benefits * Hourly Rate: $34.647 * Job Grade: Production on Pay Scale * Other Compensation: This role will be eligible to participate in the annual incentive compensation plan. * Regular Full-Time Salaried and Hourly positions: Ball includes a comprehensive benefits structure, Go to our career site and click \"Total Rewards\" to learn more. Ball Corporation has been made aware of reports involving fraudulent job offers. These often appear legitimate, but Ball does not make job offers until after a candidate has submitted a job application and has participated in a face-to-face interview (In person or via WebEx). All email correspondence from Ball Corporation ends in \"@ball.com.\" Please also be advised that Ball will never request payment or require candidates to deposit a check during the recruitment and onboarding processes. If you have questions about any open positions at Ball, please visit our careers website at https://jobs.ball.com/. If you have applied to a position and have been asked for personal information through LinkedIn, please notify LinkedIn directly. Equal Opportunity Employer Minority, Female, Disabled, Lesbian, Gay, Bi-sexual, Transgender and Veterans Nearest Major Market: Seattle Nearest Secondary Market: Bellevue\n\nKeywords: Ball Corporation, Kent , Millwright, Professions , Kent, Washington\n\nClick here to apply!\n\nDidn't find what you're looking for? Search again!\n\nI'm looking for\nin category\n\nLog In or Create An Account\n\nGet the latest Washington jobs by following @recnetWA on Twitter!\n\nKent RSS job feeds", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5627932548522949}
+{"content": "The copyright to four novels and 46 stories in which Sherlock Holmes appears has expired, the seventh U.S. circuit court of appeals has ruled. Those 50 volumes are now in the public domain.\n\nThe copyright had been owned by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's estate.\n\nLeslie Klinger, an American writer and attorney and a well-known literary annotator and editor of Victorian classics, like Dracula and Sherlock Holmes, was in 2011 about to publish a book of original fiction about Sherlock Holmes titled \"A Study in Sherlock: Stories Inspired by the Sherlock Holmes Canon.\" Doyle's estate demanded that publisher Random House pay a $5,000 licensing fee for the use of the detective character.\n\nThe publisher paid up, even though Klinger believed the stories were already in the public domain, meaning the estate had no right to demand the fee.\n\nKlinger wrote a sequel,\"In the Company of Sherlock Holmes,\" which was about to be published by Pegasus Books and distributed by WW Norton & Co. Again the estate told Klinger it would sue him and the publisher if they failed to pay the licensing fee. Klinger sued them this time around, claiming he was not infringing upon the copyright.\n\nThe copyright lasts for 95 years or an amount of time based on the length of life of the creator plus 70 years. Ultimately, the court sided with Klinger, ruling that the copyright to 50 Sherlock Holmes books had expired.\n\nDoyle estate lawyer Benjamin Allison said the estate hasn't decided if it will appeal the decision.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7445285320281982}
+{"content": "\n\n The results, featured as a cover in the Journal of Physical Chemistry B,help shed light on the fundamental chemistry at work in legacy tank waste, which is especially difficult to process because of the presence of unpredictable low-water or “water-in-salt” solutions.\n\n“Remarkably, these electrolyte solutions are able to maintain a liquid state at very high salt concentrations; but as a result, they do not move freely like normal, more dilute liquids,” said ORNL geochemist Hsiu-Wen Wang, who led the neutron scattering research performed in the study.\n\nWater-in-salt solutions are characterized by high viscosities that can fluctuate between liquid and near-solid, glass-like states, making them difficult to control. In nuclear waste tanks, these caustic solutions can clog pumps and pipes, hindering their removal for processing.\n\nA better understanding of the fundamental chemistry of this unusual class of liquids could support broad applications for stabilizing these solutions and inform cleanup strategies for legacy tank waste accumulated during the 1940s–1980s.\n\nDOE’s Hanford Site in Washington, for example, generated billions of gallons of contaminated liquids during more than 40 years of its Atomic-era operations. The site’s “tank farms” are one of the most difficult and costly agenda items on DOE’s environmental cleanup program.\n\n “Remediation of the waste is complicated by the unique chemical properties in this type of complex, highly concentrated environment, with radioactivity creating additional challenges,” said Andrew Stack of ORNL’s Chemical Sciences Division. “By working to understand what is happening on an atomic level in complex solutions, we can better predict their properties and their reactivity, and that may lead to improved strategies to process nuclear waste.”\n\nSupported by IDREAM (Interfacial Dynamics in Radioactive Environments and Materials), a DOE Energy Frontier Research Center, researchers studied a nonradioactive synthetic brine of sodium-hydroxide-aluminate (Na+OH/Al(OH)4).\n\nThe mixture is present in more dilute concentrations in Hanford’s waste tanks, along with several other electrolyte solutions that behave similarly.\n\nIn a glass of water at room temperature, water molecules migrate in picoseconds. However, in the solutions studied, researchers found these motions to be 10 to 100 times slower, depending on the salt concentration.\n\nEssentially, water molecules are “trapped” or surrounded by ions in a complex soup of interconnected motions. “For one ion to move, a lot of other molecules and ions have to move, which makes the dynamics interesting,” said Wang.\n\nDespite the sluggish nature of water-in-salt solutions, said Stack, “many different types of simultaneous motions—some fast and some slow—are taking place at the atomic level.”\n\nTo understand these fast-and-slow atomic motions, researchers turned to experimental capabilities at two DOE Office of Science User Facilities, the Spallation Neutron Source at ORNL and the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory at PNNL.\n\nThe team conducted quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) at ORNL and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy at PNNL. Used together, QENS and NMR spectroscopy can provide alternate perspectives on the way atoms reorient and spread throughout a solution.\n\n“NMR spectroscopy reveals the movement of atoms over many milliseconds, while QENS captures atomic motion over picoseconds,” said Trent Graham, who performed the NMR spectroscopy in the study. “In combination, these two techniques provide complementary data at multiple time scales, which is critical to understanding the complex motions of ions in the solutions we are studying.”\n\nWith the BASIS instrument at ORNL, the team used neutrons to collect unique information not obtainable by other techniques.\n\n“Neutrons are well suited to water-based systems analysis, since they provide a favorable contrast for weak atoms, like hydrogen, not easily seen by X-rays; and QENS is a specific technique involving the use of neutrons to correlate spatial and temporal information about atoms,” said BASIS instrument scientist Eugene Mamontov.\n\n“Atoms change positions as water moves, and QENS can tell you not only the rate or how quickly the jumps occur but also at what distance and how these details correspond to the chemical structure,” said Mamontov.\n\nCombining dynamics with structural analysis is a goal of the research. Experimental data were compared with molecular dynamics simulations performed at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, a DOE User Facility at ORNL, in a companion study on the structure of Na+OH/Al(OH)4.\n\nThe journal article is published as “Coupled Multimodal Dynamics of Hydrogen-Containing Ion Networks in Water-Deficient, Sodium Hydroxide-Aluminate Solutions.”\n\nThe DOE Office of Science supported the research.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9839102625846863}
+{"content": "Black Friday SALE - 10 % off Storewide\n(excluding already discounted products)\n\n\n\nWhat is Britannia Metal?\n\n\nBritannia metal is an alloy which means it’s composed of more than one metal. The creation of alloys was one of the most important developments in metallurgy because it strengthened pure metals for use in forging early tools and weapons such as axes and wheels. Most modern Britannia metal is composed of a large percentage of tin and a small percentage of copper although there are many variations. Along with bronze, Britannia metal was one of the first alloys known to man. Britannia metal is considered a soft metal with a very low melting point, lending itself to detailed design work when made into jewelry.\n\nMany metals that are often referred to by name as a pure element are, in reality, metal alloys. For example, the gold found in jewelry is almost never pure gold. Gold, like Britannia metal , is a soft metal and can be readily bent or twisted apart. Copper is the most common additive to gold: the term \"karat\" refers to the purity of gold in the alloy, with 18 karat gold being one-quarter copper. Most forms of aluminum encountered today are, in fact, aluminum alloys. Many of the alloys referred to with the blanket term \"titanium steel\" or simply \"titanium\" are really alloys of titanium, aluminum and vanadium.\n\nMetal Casting in the Shop at Oberon Design\n\nEmployed for use in jewelry making, etchings, hand engravings, cutlery, and dinnerware, Britannia metal has been found in Egypt and carbon dated to 1500 B.C.E. Pewter was also known in ancient China, Greece and Rome, and was a common metal choice during the Middle Ages (5th-15th centuries) developing with use in Europe in the 11th century and in the 17-1800’s in the American colonies. It’s very evident that pewter design has experienced resurgence in the 20th century and is currently enjoying a new phase in popularity especially as the price of gold and silver accelerates.\n\nHere at Oberon we love the extreme versatility of Britannia metal. We use it throughout our product line, from our jewelry and hair accessory creations to the buttons on our journals and the attachments on our handbags.  \n\nWork Table in the Casting Shop at Oberon Design", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9967480897903442}
+{"content": "How to Stop Intrusive Thoughts\n\nHow to Stop Intrusive Thoughts\n\nThursday, November 18th, 2021\n\nOur Blog\n\n\nHow to Stop Intrusive Thoughts\n\nThursday, November 18th, 2021\n\nHow to Stop Intrusive Thoughts\n\nintrusive thoughts\n\nIf you live with a mental health issue like anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder, you are probably intimately familiar with intrusive thoughts. Since these can be so strange, frightening and upsetting, you may wonder where they came from or how to get rid of them. Here’s what you need to know about intrusive thoughts and their meaning.\n\nWhat Are Intrusive Thoughts?\n\nIntrusive thoughts can be any idea, impulse or mental image that seems to come out of nowhere to get stuck in your mind. In some cases, they may have a disturbing, violent or sexually explicit nature. Your intrusive thoughts could even be about behavior you find unacceptable or distasteful.\n\nMany people have intense worry or shame about their intrusive thoughts and do not discuss them with anyone, including their partner or therapist. If you are one of the millions of people with an anxiety disorder, these emotions can further worsen the cycle of your symptoms by causing you to fixate on the perceived significance of your intrusive thoughts.\n\nDo Intrusive Thoughts Mean Anything?\n\nIntrusive thoughts can happen to anyone, at any time. Contrary to what you might fear, having intrusive thoughts doesn’t signify a latent desire to carry out the ideas that enter your mind. Not all the urges that pass through your stream of consciousness are equally valid. Sometimes, they could be your subconscious mind’s attempts to process experiences, and other times, they are entirely irrelevant.\n\nUnwanted impulses or mental images do not necessarily indicate you have a mental health issue or that you need to seek medical help. However, some intrusive thoughts may be a cause for concern if they are detracting from your overall quality of life.\n\nFor example, believing you must repeat specific actions in a pattern to avoid a catastrophe is a characteristic of OCD. Meanwhile, if your intrusive thoughts usually involve flashbacks to a specific event, you may have PTSD. People who spend a disproportionate amount of time thinking about food and its impact on their bodies could have an eating disorder.\n\nCan You Stop Intrusive Thoughts?\n\nThe best way to get a handle on your intrusive thoughts is to change your relationship to them. Mindfulness meditation is one way to accomplish this goal. A meditation practice can teach you to acknowledge each thought as it comes, then let it go. If you have an occasional bizarre urge or irrational idea, meditation can help you separate these from your sense of self.\n\nTalk therapy is another strategy for corralling wayward impulses. A mental health professional who has trained in techniques like cognitive behavioral therapy can teach you ways to reduce your sensitivity and heightened reaction to your most distressing thoughts.\n\nIf you are struggling with your mental health, taking steps to improve your self-care routine can benefit you. Actively managing your stress levels with healthy coping strategies like exercise and volunteering may help reduce the frequency or intensity of unwanted thoughts.\n\nSeeking Help for Behavioral Health Issues\n\nPine Grove’s adult psychiatric program provides treatment for a range of disorders, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and dual diagnoses. If you are struggling with intrusive thoughts or other mental health symptoms, our professionals can give you the tools to manage these and learn to lead a fulfilling, happy life. Contact us to learn more about any of the programming we offer.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9920853972434998}
+{"content": "Leo-Cedarville, IN: Basic Statistics\n\nThe average family size in Leo-Cedarville,The average family size in Leo-Cedarville, IN is 3.2 family members, with 88.1% owning their particular residences. The average home valuation is $201259. For those people renting, they pay out an average of $862 per month. 59.7% of homes have two sources of income, and a median domestic income of $77073. Median income is $37250. 3.7% of citizens exist at or below the poverty line, and 6.9% are considered disabled. 5% of residents are former members associated with the armed forces of the United States.\n\nBack Yard Garden Fountains\n\nAre Solar Fountain Pumps a investment that is good? Many individuals are concerned about solar energy. It practical and functional when it comes to fountain pumps, is? The proven fact that solar power energy is free will appeal for your requirements. There's absolutely nothing better than using the sun's energy to power gadgets rather than paying the company that is electric money. There are, however, certain limits. How Cells that is photovoltaic Convert into Electricity solar panel systems utilize photovoltaic cells to turn light into power. The concept that is fundamental that sunlight passes through the solar panels and is absorbed. Sunshine creates electrons that are free-flowing a result of the substance reaction that occurs, resulting in electricity. Practical Application Certain equipment aren't compatible with solar power. A fountain that is solar-powered might be suitable if the water element is simply for aesthetics. There isn't any ecology to maintain. If the pump that is solar intended to run the filtration system, nevertheless, you should choose a solar-powered unit that stores the energy in a battery system. We have a variety of fountain pumps to choose from. To get detailed information about what you desire, please send an email. Water fountains often spray water, but the other two alternatives do not. A water pond is also a big or small body of water either outdoors or within the residence. Little fountains may be included if desired, even though they are not required. The water feature that flows down the wall surface of the wall fountain may be used in any outdoor or setting that is indoor. These are the main distinctions between the three forms of water features.  \n\nThe labor pool participation rate in Leo-Cedarville is 69.1%, with an unemployment rate of 0.5%. For those when you look at the labor force, the average commute time is 23 minutes. 4.7% of Leo-Cedarville’s residents have a masters degree, and 23.8% have earned a bachelors degree. For all without a college degree, 34.2% have some college, 30.5% have a high school diploma, and only 6.8% have an education lower than senior school. 2.2% are not included in health insurance.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9928464293479919}
+{"content": "COVID-19 Updates: Latest Information for Parents\n\nA to Z Symptoms\n\nA to Z Symptoms: Vomiting\n\nA to Z Symptom: Vomiting\n\nMay also be called: Puking; Throwing Up; Emesis\n\nMore to Know\n\n\n\nVomiting can have many causes. Most cases are due to viral gastroenteritis, often called the “stomach flu,” and can be accompanied by fever, nausea, and diarrhea.\n\nVomiting can be a symptom of a virus or bacteria infecting the gastrointestinal tract, like rotavirus, norovirus, salmonellosis, shigellosis, E. coli, and a number of others. The term “food poisoning” usually refers to the vomiting and diarrhea caused by bacteria that have contaminated food or drink.\n\n\n\n\nKeep in Mind\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.966462254524231}
+{"content": "“There is no doubt whatever about the influence of architecture and structure upon human character and action. We make our buildings and afterwards they make us. They regulate the course of our lives.” – Winston Churchill, addressing the English Architectural Association, 1924.\n\nRethinking The Future Awards 2022\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet1\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Facebook\n\nThe psychological impact of the built environment has long been a topic of discussion and debate. While it is widely accepted that our surroundings inevitably influence us, the question lies in how they affect human wellbeing, lifestyle and mannerisms. Across the vastly varying scales of urban design, architecture and interiors, the smallest of details can determine thought, choice, and action. \n\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet2\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Pinterest\n\nUrban designers are charged with the momentous task of creating environments that promote positive social behaviours, suppress elements of crime and anarchy while ensuring good health, mental wellbeing and tight-knit communities. Universal design is yet another crucial aspect of good design, facilitating people of all ages, levels of education and income, genders, ethnicities and those with disabilities to interact with spaces easily and meaningfully. \n\nEduwik- Online Courses for Architects & Designers\n\nThese principles apply to some extent across all scales and domains of design – here, we investigate the effects of skyscrapers on the human psyche. \n\nThe role of Skyscrapers in History\n\nEver since the first skyscraper was built in Chicago in 1885, the world has been fascinated with the concept of piercing the skies, daring to go higher and higher and conceiving wondrous structures, forms and technologies to achieve this. Skyscrapers have always been a symbol of power. Perhaps that was the first obvious psychological effect of these gigantic structures – they have always been associated with money, power and larger-than-life worldviews. \n\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet3\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Pinterest\n\nAfter its conception, the idea of a skyscraper spread like wildfire – it was not only a technological marvel displaying an architect’s understanding of the laws of physics– it was also great for space optimization. High density urban environments are now the norm, with skyscrapers playing a prominent role in this development. \n\nEduwik- Online Courses for Architects & Designers\n\nSkyscraper and City\n\nA good city is designed not only to be functional and accessible – it also needs to make people happy. How is this intangible aspect achieved? \n\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet4\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Google images\n\nIn his book ‘Places of the Heart’, Colin Ellard talks about the effect of a megastructure replacing a neighbourhood of small commercial enterprises and family businesses that exhibit great cultural variety. Through measurement of pedestrian responses, he found that these small neighbourhoods are more likely to engage passers-by, elicit positive reaction and encourage happy thought processes. On the other hand, blank glass facades of skyscrapers caused decreased levels of attention and interest, with the walkers describing the experience as bland and monotonous. \n\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet5\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Pinterest\n\nBy simply rethinking a building’s ground floor, dramatic impact can be made on how the city interacts with people. Commuters are more likely to walk to places in such a city. In addition, their nervous systems are activated, making them absorb and positively interact with their surroundings. As per renowned urban designer Jan Gehl, “a good city street should be designed so that the average walker, moving at a rate of about 5km per hour, sees an interesting new site about once every five seconds.” In dense urban environments, skyscrapers can significantly contribute to this. \n\nEduwik- Online Courses for Architects & Designers\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet6\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Pinterest\n\nIconic skyscrapers are an intrinsic part of any city’s identity – this marker inevitably bleeds into the average resident’s relationship with the city as well. In the instance of New York City, the World Trade Centre was a symbol of the city’s technological, financial and political prowess. With its violent destruction, there was a rift in the skyline – this was keenly felt by New Yorkers who were so used to seeing it through the windows of their homes and offices. For years after the disaster, a life-size laser arrangement of the WTC was projected into the sky on the anniversary of the event. This too, became a bittersweet part of the identity of the city and the people. The One World Trade Centre coming up in its place will bring a change in people’s views, expectations and inevitably, their daily experience of the city. \n\nIn ihe Belly of the Beast – What Lies behind the Façade?\n\nMost people who live or work in high-rise buildings are exposed to expansive city views that no other daily experience can offer. Studies prove that such wide vistas stimulate creativity, which relies on big-picture abstract thinking and visualisation. These literal mind-altering views have also been proven to encourage a certain level of risk-taking. Making a leap of faith or taking calculated risks is a large part of what keeps businesses successful. Employees who work on higher floors have shown characteristics of lateral thought, adventure and exploration. \n\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet7\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Reddit\n\nWhat is the science behind this? The human brain experiences a shift in cognition based on the kind of input it receives through the senses, in an effect known as brain priming. Objects viewed from a distant vantage point transform into abstractions, since the eye cannot distinguish details. Primes or triggers that imply distance lead to a ‘big picture mode’ of thinking which is more abstract, due to the association between physical distance and its optical effects. In a phenomenon called social distancing (quite different from the one we are experiencing during the pandemic!), people are generally more capable at finding creative solutions when they are higher up from the ground. \n\nEduwik- Online Courses for Architects & Designers\n\nOn the flip side, a number of ill effects have been associated with chronic exposure to high-rise environments. The constant unnoticeable sway of taller buildings due to wind can cause the Sopite Syndrome, which leads to fatigue, negative moods, lack of focus and motivation. \n\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet8\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Medium\n\nIn his paper The Consequences of Living in High Rise Buildings, Robert Giffords examines some negative effects skyscrapers may have on occupants. In the past, residents of tall apartments have harboured fears such as being trapped in the event of a fire, falling to their deaths from higher storeys and easily catching dangerous contagious diseases from other apartment dwellers. The fact that they live in close quarters with complete strangers also increases the fear of crime, absence of social support and a strong community. \n\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet9\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Pinterest\n\nMany of these apprehensions have been addressed by modern laws regarding security and fire-safety in high-rises. Conscientious efforts by architects and designers have also changed the definition of skyscrapers, making them more sustainable, open and highly integrated with natural elements. The design of community spaces and other public areas of these buildings is backed by research into social behaviours, human psychology and socio-economic elements. \n\nEduwik- Online Courses for Architects & Designers\nThe psychological impact of skyscrapers - Sheet10\nPsychological Impact of skyscrapers ©Pinterest\n\nThe rise of evidence-based design as a force in the design world itself is a strong demonstrator of the depth of influence our built environment has on us. Since the inception of high-rises, they were being built for increased space optimisation, functionality and focused on getting more out of less. Now, the tide is shifting towards an attitude, and perhaps the right attitude, of designing skyscrapers for the people who occupy it – and rightly expecting everything else to come after basic human satisfaction and wellbeing. \n\n\nAnagha is a 22 year old architecture student with a passion for travel, photography, food, languages, music and literature. She is always looking for new things to learn, be it obscure findings in molecular biology or the latest in space science - talk about a Jack of all trades!\n\nWrite A Comment\n\nRethinking The Future Awards 2022", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9983149170875549}
+{"content": "Create a New Account\n\nPersonal Information\n\nNote: A message containing a confirmation code will be sent to this email address. Follow the instructions on the next screen to validate your email address and gain full use of Login: Somewhere Devine. Please verify the email address you have entered is correct.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000009536743164}
+{"content": "folie àdeux\n\nfo•lie à deux\n\n(Fr. fɔ li a ˈdœ)\n\nn., pl. fo•lies à deux (Fr. fɔ li za ˈdœ)\n[1890–95; < French]", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9972426891326904}
+{"content": "Sales Associate-Globalsellingin\n\n3+ months agoBangalore, India\n\n\nSeller Operations team is designed to guide and assist customers/vendors to ensure seamless experience while working with Amazon systems. As a part of this team, the primary role will be providing all reasonable support to customer/sellers in improving their capabilities to ensure that they are able execute their business in the most optimum way. The role will comprise of assisting the customer /seller to get well versed with various Amazon tools and provide on ground support to assess inputs like PO management, shipment etc.\nThese tasks include, but are not limited to, assisting in training on populating/procuring catalog content, face to face interacting/coordinating with the sellers/customers, identifying and correcting errors, maintaining records of work received and work performed etc. In addition to being a support associate grooming customers/seller's to become self-sufficient on the platform, the individual is expected to take on larger responsibilities such as initiating and owning process improvement projects, participating actively in stakeholder calls/meetings etc.\nI. Skills\na. Strong written and spoken communication skills\nb. Good working knowledge of MS Office Suite\n\nII. Ability to\na. Multi task in a fast paced environment\n\nIII. Demonstrate\na. Passion for Business Development\nb. Strong interpersonal skills\nc. Excellent listening skills\n\nIV. Critical Qualities / Characteristics\na. Pace of implementation and consistency in performance\nb. Willingness to take initiatives and additional responsibilities\nc. Willingness to travel\nd. Commitment and completion factor\ne. Peer respect - establish and maintain cooperative working relationships\ng. Identify areas of possible process improvements\n\nV. Operations\na. Meet and interact with sellers on Day-to-Day basis in initial process setup.\n\n\na. Bachelor's degree in any discipline\n\n\nPreferred fluency in multiple languages including English and Hindi.\n\nJob ID: Amazon-1384660", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998474717140198}
+{"content": "Public / Private SAA\n\nPrivate asset optimization - to model or not to model, that is the question\n\nI’ve always had two conflicting sides to my personality. On the one hand...\n\nFebruary 28, 2021\n\nI’ve always had two conflicting sides to my personality. On the one hand, I am quite mathematical and enjoy the quantitative nature of investment strategy and developing models that assist with that. However, on the other hand, I enjoy using intuition and reasoning to come to an answer without modelling the outcomes.\n\nThese two conflicting sides drive this week’s post which relates to how to set the optimal allocation to private assets. \n\nPrivate assets have a number of characteristics that make them more difficult to include in standard optimization frameworks. For example, smoothed valuations, lack of data, illiquidity and the requirement to have a strategy for how capital is committed on an ongoing basis to maintain an allocation.\n\nInvestors therefore need a different approach to evaluate the optimal allocation of private assets within a strategic asset allocation.\n\nThe two most common approaches are:\n\n  • Run a constrained mean-variance optimization with a subjective limit on the private asset allocation\n  • Create a more sophisticated stochastic model that attempts to capture both the unique characteristics of private assets and their cashflow profiles\n\nUnder the first approach, adjustments can be made to try to more accurately measure the volatility of private assets, for example using unsmoothing techniques. However the models also tend to assume a return premium of private assets over public assets. Therefore, even after unsmoothing the volatility, optimization tends to favour allocations to private assets (particularly at higher return targets).\n\nSo under these techniques it is the subjective limit that tends to drive the optimal allocation to private assets. These limits can be set based on liquidity stress testing or may arise from other constraints such as governance or cost constraints. \n\nThe second approach requires more sophisticated modelling techniques to capture the dynamics. These models calculate not only the optimal strategic allocation, but also the required contribution strategy to get there. The model output is a range of potential outcomes for the investment based on potential returns and the contribution / distribution dynamics.\n\nThis output can be helpful, as it provides confidence levels for different strategic asset allocations of meeting both return hurdles and liquidity requirements. There is also some potential comfort, that this approach may “feel” more rigorous.\n\nHowever, a model is only as good as it’s assumptions and the data used to form and test those. This is where the big challenge lies for private assets - there simply isn’t much data available in the right format.\n\nBlackRock has created a sophisticated model and their approach is overlaid by what they call the “Alternatives Turing Test”. Essentially this means that they pass the model output to an experienced investor to sense check the validity. \n\nThe belief is this blend of judgement and robust analytical methods leads to better portfolio construction decisions. However, this demonstrates a degree of subjectivity to the process and we have just gotten there with a more complex model.\n\nIf you fundamentally believe that private assets outperform public assets then no matter how complex the model is, it will tend to allocate more to them up to some limit. \n\nThis is revealed in the framework that PGIM have created. PGIM proposes a simulation-based asset allocation framework to \"Maximize horizon portfolio value provided I am sufficiently confident of meeting my cash flow obligations\".\n\nThey show optimal allocations for different levels of confidence in meeting liquidity requirements. However, the split between public and private assets doesn’t really change for confidence levels of 90% of more. The model instead chooses less risky assets within the public and private asset classes in order to meet the higher confidence level.\n\nSaid differently, this result says that for higher confidence levels it’s not optimal to change the public / private asset mix. Investors are better off changing the allocation between riskier and more defensive assets.\n\nThe result is certainly interesting and demonstrates the dynamics between the amount of risk being taken and the confidence level in meeting liquidity requirements. However, it is perhaps less satisfying that the more complex probabilistic model also seems to settle on a limit for the private asset allocation.\n\nI believe that given the degree of subjectivity required in the modelling techniques, it is better that the subjectivity is applied to a more simple model. \n\nThe question should not be how to get the best model, but what is the simplest model that can support and guide the decision where I can clearly see how my assumptions have impacted the result.\n\nTherefore, at least for now, I favour the (relatively) simple approach to public / private asset allocation of a constrained mean / variance optimisation. However, this could very well change as more data is accumulated on private asset investments.\n\nSign up for more\n\n\n\nZermelo is a platform for institutional investors to research, request and develop custom investment solutions. We make it quicker and easier to find the best solution that exactly meets your needs.\n\nEd Studd\n\nCEO, Zermelo\n\nEd is passionate about helping institutional investors meet their goals through better custom solutions. Prior to Zermelo, he gained extensive experience across asset management, investment banking and investment consulting.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9949245452880859}
+{"content": " asic motherboard, asic motherboard Suppliers and ...\n\nasic motherboard, asic motherboard Suppliers and ...\n\nCleaning and repairing antminer s9i from dust. As a part of technical service of our mining equipment we have done full repair and cleaning of Asic. This is how it looks inside: 3 hashboards, 1 main motherboard, 2 ventilators and metal box. /r/Bitcoin\n\nCleaning and repairing antminer s9i from dust. As a part of technical service of our mining equipment we have done full repair and cleaning of Asic. This is how it looks inside: 3 hashboards, 1 main motherboard, 2 ventilators and metal box. /Bitcoin submitted by ABitcoinAllBot to BitcoinAll [link] [comments]\n\n\nFor sale:\n2x Power Color HD 7970 - $75 Each\n3x Gigabyte HD7970 - $75 Each\n\n678 Cases:\nColors: Gloss White, Textured Black, Black/Green\nWhat is in the box?\nPrice for white or Black:$100\n\nStamps: https://photos.app.goo.gl/86xFbgKT42cxoeep9\nsubmitted by hartwog to hardwareswap [link] [comments]\n\nForbes miner's union plan, let you make it clear\n\nForbes miner's union plan, let you make it clear\n\nLooking at finance: building distributed financial infrastructure\nMiner and quarry\nForbes miners Alliance Program\n\nGPU Mining Crash Course - START HERE!\n\nWelcome All to the GPUMining Crash Course!\n\nWhat is cryptocurrency mining?\n\n\nWhat kind of rig should I build?\n\n\nShe's built, now what?\n\n\nMining Software\n\nOther Windows mining softwares include:\n\nI keep hearing about NiceHash. What is that?\n\n\nConcluding Thoughts\n\nsubmitted by The_Brutally_Honest to gpumining [link] [comments]\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n**Extra info or particulars:*\\*\n\n\nCooler Master Elite 130 - Mini ITX - Black\nCooler Master MasterBox 5 MID-Tower - Black & White\nRaidmax Sigma-TWS - ATX - White\nNZXT S340 Elite Matte White Steel/Tempered Glass Edition\nEVGA DG-76 Alpine White - Mid Tower w/ window\n\nCPU's -\n\n***8TH GEN INTEL's **\\*\n\n***AMD RYZEN's **\\*\nRyzen 3 2200G\nRyzen 5 1600\nRyzen 7 1700X\n\n\nEVGA Z270 Stinger\n\nGIGABYTE Z370XP SLI (Rev. 1.0)\n\n\n\nBeQuiet -\nPure Wings 2 (80mm)\nPure Wings 2 (120mm)\nPure Wings 2 (140mm)\nSilent Wings 3 PWM (120mm)\n\nGREY - NF-P12 Redux - 1700RPM (120mm) PWM\nCorsair -\nAir Series AF120LED (120mm)\n\nNT-HH 1.4ml Thermal Compound\n\nCLC 240 (240mm Water-cooled system\nCryorig C7 Cu (Low-Profile Copper Edition*)\n\n\nNZXT - Sentry Mesh Fan Controller\nBeQuiet 550W Straight Power 11 (GOLD)\n\n750P2 (750W, Platinum)\n850P2 (850W, Platinum)\n750T2 (750W, TITANIUM - yeah baby, yeah)\n\nQuark 750W Platinum\nQuark 650W Platinum\n\nFocus 750W Platinum\n4X Samsung 860 EVO 500GB SSD's\n2X Team Group L5 LITE 3D 2.5\" SSD's 480GB\n2X WD 10TB Essential EXT (I'm cool with shucking)\n\nOther accessories worth mentioning -\n\nNaturally, I have GPU's. Specifically;\n\n\n\n\n\n1X Netgear Nighthawk 6900P (Modem + Router)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTHE END (Round#2)\n\n\nASRock introduces a motherboard specially for Bitcoin mining\n\n\nProfitable Crypto Mining: ASIC vs GPU, Which One Is Better?\n\nIf you’re new to mining you probably have multiple questions running through your head right now. Good news is that it gets easier with time, assuming that you do your homework and research, and we will try to help you out.\nOne of the common questions is whether one should choose GPU or ASIC mining and we definitely have some advice on that topic.\nWhen we’re considering classic POW mining we can quickly rule out CPU hardware for not being efficient and FPGA hardware because of its high costs. This leaves you with ASIC and GPU to choose from.\n\n\nBuying Mining Equipment\n\nLet’s get things straight — you won’t be able to buy ASIC devices in any of you local electronic shops, even in the biggest ones. There are two ways you can get this hardware: buying it online which shouldn’t be a problem these days unless that’s the newest model you’re after. Second option is to find a local company that sells ASIC equipment.\nAlso, you can try to purchase the equipment directly from the manufacture company, however, mind the huge customs and delivery fees if the company is located abroad.\nIt is highly recommended to test ASICs before buying them to make sure the equipment works properly.\nGPU or graphics cards and other equipment that you will need to build your very own mining farm can be easily purchased at a regular computer store. The only problem you may have is getting the right set of hardware, so make sure to come prepared.\nWhen buying a used (second-hand) graphics card don’t forget to test it.\nWhat’s better?\nIf you’re not into hardware and have no clue how to set up a farm by yourself buying ASIC equipment would be a better option as you won’t need to build anything yourself.\n\nWarranty Policy\n\nIn general, an official warranty policy for ASIC hardware is up to 180 days since the equipment was shipped to the buyer. When the seller is confident about the quality of their equipment, they can offer their personal 1 month warranty.\nWhen you’re buying computer hardware in most of the cases you are getting full 2 year warranty policy including exchange or repairments of the equipment.\nWhat’s better?\nWarranty policy is especially important when you have no chance to check the equipment yourself or when you’re buying large inventory of it. Also, if you plan to go with overclocking, you will probably need a decent warranty as well.\nWe need to add that when you’re using the equipment accordingly and conduct regular maintenance both ASIC and GPU can work past the warranty period.\n\nSetting Up Process\n\nWith ASICs it’s simple: you plug and connect it, pick a pool to join and start mining right away.\nWith GPU, it’s a little complicated. First, you need to build your farm. You will need a framework, motherboard with installed CPU and cooling, storage unit, power supply, risers and video cards. If you have no experience with assembling computer hardware you’re gonna need to save some time and prepare to put extra effort. Once your rig is ready you will have to install OS and optimize it which is usually even harder than setting up a rig. But luckily we’ve got a solution for that. CoinFly can do the work for you and help you with setting up and optimizing your equipment.\nWhat’s better?\nAlthough ASICs are very easy, you shouldn’t quickly give up on GPU mining. If assembling computer hardware is not a big problem for you, CoinFly will help you with setting it up.\n\n\nASIC equipment won’t give you too much trouble: it’s safe, stable, and doesn’t require any special knowledge. Maintenance includes cleaning off dust and oiling the fans.\nWhen dealing with rigs, you will have to work a little harder and study the basics about at least graphics cards’ temperatures and operational frequency. A stable workflow depends heavily on the software and as it has a tendency to fail, it could become a problem. Unless you’re using CoinFly — our system will notify you in case of emergency so you can tune your equipment online.\nWhat’s better?\nOnce again, when it comes to maintaining ASICs are almost trouble-free. GPU rigs are a bit tricky but when using the right tools like CoinFly to monitor their work, it can serve you just fine.\n\nThe Noise\n\nASICs are loud: when you’re in a room with a working ASIC you’re gonna need to shout, so people can hear you.\nGPU farms have no such problem. Some of them are almost silent and that doesn’t affect the cooling process at all.\nWhat’s better?\nMaybe the level of noise your equipment makes was not the first issue on your list but we recommend you to consider it. ASICs are suitable only for the commercial and industrial premises.\n\n\nASICs can work with only one algorithm and mine one or several types of cryptocurrencies and are perfect for mining Bitcoin and its forks.\nGPU rigs are universal: you can mine a huge variety of coins if you set your miner right.\nWhat’s better?\nIf you want to mine Bitcoin, you gotta go with ASIC. But think again if that’s what you’re really after. After all, you can choose mining any altcoin that you’d like with your GPU rig and then simply exchange it to BTC. And if you’re lucky enough to mine a coin that will do good ASICs do not give you that choice, however, their mining capability is higher.\n\nRelevance of the Equipment\n\nASICs are quickly getting out of date as the new models come along. Back in the day, the new versions used to come out every half a year and they were 10 times more efficient. In general, you need to change your ASIC hardware every year.\nGPU equipment can perfectly serve you for 2 to 3 years and if you wish to sell the graphics card afterwards that wouldn’t be a problem either.\nWhat’s better?\nIn terms of relevance, it’s probably reasonable to go with the GPU.\n\nReturn on Investment\n\nIn the long run, the profitableness of ASICs is higher but because the new models are being released quite frequently you cannot expect huge profits. It is always important to do your research and get the most relevant equipment.\nGPU hardware will take its time to pay you back but it also depends if you manage to find the right coin to mine that will eventually increase your profits.\nWhat’s better?\nASIC mining is definitely a good option for those who don’t want to constantly monitor the crypto market.\nBut in the case that you’re interested in what’s happening in the crypto space and you also have time to do your own research, the GPU farm would the better choice. If you’re not willing to spend your efforts on that, CoinFly Autopilot mode will help you mine the most profitable coin on the market automatically.\n\n\nASICs are great for people who can provide a non-residential space for mining and not willing to spend too much time and effort for setting up the equipment and stay updated with the latest trends in the crypto industry.\nGPU rigs are suitable for mining at home and won’t scare away all the crypto and computer enthusiasts. If you’re just starting your mining journey but not sure how to do it, we recommend to register on CoinFly. From setting up your hardware to tuning it online and picking the best coin to mine at the moment — we’ve got you covered!\nsubmitted by coinfly to CoinFly [link] [comments]\n\n\nSome Articles back then\nTLDR: History repeats itself.\nsubmitted by Xazax310 to gpumining [link] [comments]\n\nASIC water heater (Closed / Open Loop)\n\nEdit 180517: Here's an article on motherboard.vice.com about this project. Thanks, Jordan! I enjoyed the read!\nMy ASIC waste heat recycling design is public domain and free to anyone who wants to use it. This turns any water-heating endeavor into a profitable, or at least cost-reduced, enterprise. Imagine a crypto heated swimming pool, or anything else you could heat with the output from a small, medium, or large-scale mining operation. This design should scale very well if you make the individual parts \"bigger.\" Have fun!\nItems used are a water / air intercooler off Ebay fed by 3/4\" water hose and a Bosche 12v pump model #0392022002.\nAttained water temperatures of 50C / 122F for a week before I took it down.\nClosed loop. (Requires Underclock) https://i.imgur.com/l5goioK.jpg\nInside the box. https://i.imgur.com/QpG6dBe.jpg\nOpen loop (Can run 100%). https://i.imgur.com/kkgwDyr.jpg\nThe closed-loop is very quiet, the fans don't need to run anywhere near 100% with things underclocked. I ran mine around 30%, and while enclosed the sound is equivalent to a box fan on medium-ish.\nThe open-loop is good for winter, especially if you can duct it into your HVAC intake.\nBoth setups can be run in reverse to cool the intake air charge through the intercooler if a cold water source can be obtained. (Cold part of A/C unit dunked in coolant that is fed through the intercooler, for example.)\nEdit 180516t1518z: Here is an example of the cooling loop that I have planned. Using this in conjunction with either prototype it should be possible to house any mining operation in any environment, so long as the cost of the cooling loop does not overwhelm the profits produced by the mining equipment. This is best suited to the open-loop configuration in conjunction with intake filters. If you live in the desert and have access to solar power, this may be for you.\nPractical use scenarios for closed-loop:\nHot water for a bathtub / hot tub / swimming pool / shower.\nHot water for a radiator system to heat a residence.\nHot water to drive dishwashers / clothes washers.\nSous vide cooking, as pointed out by hazeldoo\nUsing this as a pre-heater for a boiler. (also could be used for commercial or industrial applications.)\nEx. of industries that user boilers are oil refineries, food canneries, paper mills, etc.\nPractical use scenarios for open-loop:\nMost of the applications above, plus...\nDrying your hair.\nDrying your clothes.\nDiverting the hot air output into your HVAC to heat your residence as I did, this saved me $80/mo in pure cost during the winter.\nDiverting the hot air / water to a single room to create a sauna.\nI'm available for hire.\nsubmitted by gta3uzi to Bitcoin [link] [comments]\n\nI had like 3 friends ask me how to build a PC in the past week so I made this to help them.\n\n(Reddit Edit: Help my improve the document with productive constructive comments on what I got wrong or messed up! Im only human lol\nAlso a lot of this is supposed to be kinda humorous. I didn't think I had to say that but, hey, its the internet.\nI appreciate the positive and productive comments! )\nBeginners basic guide to building your own PC as of early 2018\n(EDIT: Sorry for being a MSI/Corsair Fanboy)\nHeres a collection of thoughts to consider when building your own personal PC\nAs always Id personally use PCPartPicker.com to configure your parts and for further thoughts on compatibility.\nFirst off building a computer is 100% based around what you plan to use the computer for.\nHere are a few uses and generic ideas of what to go for. Audio Editing: Lots of small tasks that need to be completed quickly without lag. - Fast Processor( >4GHZ) - Fast RAM (MHZ) -At least 16 gigs! - Fast Storage, SSD manditorily - M.2 or PCI for best performance. - Shitty Graphics card, graphics card there only to keep the cpu from doing other tasks when working. - Can be a few generations or years old. - Many screens for lots of plug in windows to be open Video Editing: Lots of large to render and files to read. - Multi core processor the more the merrier - SSD for fast read/write of large video files. - Insane graphics card, AMD graphics cards are debatibly better but the nvidia Quadro series are specific for video rendering. Gaming: No more than 4 cores intense graphics card - 92% of games are not coded for more than 4 cores so why spend the extra money for it. - SSD for quick load screens - Nvidia cards, 10 series, the higher the number the better. Titan cards for MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE! Coding: quick processor for lots of small tasks. Ergonomic peripherials? - Dear god please dont use a mechanical keyboard so that your coworkers dont kill you. Home office: Everything can be a few gens behind so you can get the best power per dollar spent. - Sorry that Gateway doesnt exist anymore. I guess try Dell... \nParts (Expensive Legos)\nCPU (tells things to go places and outputs data) Basically three main routes to go for: Intel, AMD, or ASIC. Intel - Gaming, Data center, Hackintosh Pros: Cooler, Faster speed (GHZ), short small tasks faster Cons: $$$$, less cores AMD - Gaming, Personal Computing, Large task processing Pros: Lots of cores, better price per performance, faster processing of large tasks Cons: Hot chips, large chips?, compatibility issues with MacOS. ASIC - \"Application-specific integrated circuit\" Pros: Does the task that they are made to do insanely efficently, great for mining. Cons: Literally does nothing else. Holy hell these are expensive, very hot (fans will get loud) CPU Cooler (Im a big fan) Most come with an in box cooler that are ok but please buy aftermarket. In Box - the free shitty cooler that comes with the processor. Pros: Free. Cons: Ugly, makes chip run hot, hard to clean Air cooler - oldest type of cooler but new designs are highly efficent. Pros: Only cooler that has the possibility of being 100% quiet, most likely cheaper Cons: large, if cooler isnt large enough for the chips thermal output the fans will be loud. Liquid - Custom pipes are beautiful, AIO is easy to install and offers similare performance. Pros: Looks cool, great temperatures, \"quiet\" Cons: Water pump has possibility of being loud, possible spills Phase Change - uses the technology of refridgerators to cool the chip Pros: Can overclock until the chip breaks. (whats colder than cold? ICE COLD!) Cons: Loud (compressor noise), Large pipes, just why.... Motherboard (the convienacnce store of computer parts) Really just about what type of I/O you want. - MAKE SURE FORM FACTOR FITS YOUR CASE! (or vice versa) - Look for PCI lanes for expansion. - How many graphic cards do you have? - PCI based interfaces? - PCI SSD? - PCI DAC? - PCI WIFI? - USbs? Network? Audio? - How many lanes of RAM? - DOES IT FIT YOUR PROCESSOR!?! (really tho) - M.2? - How many sata interaces? Good Brands: MSI, ASUS, Gigabyte Bad Brands: AS(s)Rock, Dell Memory (Dory) - The more the merrier - No less than 8gb for a functional windows machine (16 gb to never have a problem) - Use all the lanes your computer has to offer! the more lanes to access the faster the data can travel! -Imagine drinking a milkshake. If the straw is wider you can drink more of the milkshake than a skinny straw. - Faster MHZ for faster data access but give minimal performance differances - Please get ram with heat spreadders unles youre building a server with high airflow. - Make sure the type (DDR3 or DDR4) of RAM matches what your processomotherboard call for. Good Brands: Corsair, G.Skill, Ballistix Storage (Grandpa that remembers everythign about how things used to be but takes forever to learn a new tasK) Speed or massive storage? slower is cheaper. Golden ratio of speed/storage/price is 250-500 gb SSD and a 1+ tb disk drive. *Max speeds listed are for a single drive not RAID* Hard Disk Drives (HDD) - Cheapest and slowest - read/write speeds of < 0.5gb/s - 7200+ RPM or GTFO - Higher Speed drives can access data faster. - Do not move while powered up. physical parts will break. - Larger Cahche = faster Read/Write Speeds Pros: Cheap, Holds massive amounts of data Cons: Slower than molasses in a frezer Reputible Brands: Seagate, WD Solid State Drives (SSD) - necessity for quick boots and fast load screens (can only be re-written to so many times) - SATA based (2.5 inch)- Read/Write speeds capped @ 6 gb/s Pros: Most economical, form factor fits with old computers, Cons: \"Slow\" compared to other ssd's (but stil 12 times faster than a HDD) - M.2 based - Read/Write speeds capped @ 10 gb/s Pros: Size of a sick of gum! High End but not too expensive to be out of reach. Cons: Expensive for any size over 500 gb - PCI based - Read/Write speeds capped @ 20 gb/s for PCI3, x4 Pros: HOLY BANDWIDTH BATMAN! Faster than that little creepy ghost thats always in the corner of you eye Cons: You might have to take out a loan to buy one. *takes up a x4 PCI Lane* Reputible Brands: Samsung! Corsair, Plextor, Intel, Kingston, Crucial Video Card (that one kid that has thick glasses and is really good at math) - A regular old PCI card that handles all of the video rendering and output for your computer. - ASIC PCI cards. - The PCBs and chips are patented by two main companies but the differances come from line up and varying manufacturer cooling devices. - The more memory the better -NVIDIA (Team Green) Great for gaming, has specific card series for intensive rendering. Lazy driver updates. - Gaming - 900 series - Cheap - Low performance - Can play any video game made befrore 2010 on max settings - 1000 (ten) series - Expensive (thanks bitcoin miners...) - Great for VR! - Video Rendering -Quadro Series - Gaming and Rendering - Titan X - Maxwell based chip same as 900 series cards - Titan XP - Pascal based chip same as 10 series cards -AMD (Team Red) Underdog does the same thing but slighly worse and cheaper. (except video rendering) - Gaming - RX 400 series - Cheap - Hot - RX 500 series - Cheap - Ok at VR and deacent gaming frame rates. - Not bad but not particularly great either. - Video Rendering - Fire Pro series - Gaming and Rendering - Vega series -Good luck finding one to buy lmao Case (Fancy clothing for your parts!) - Similar to human clothing you want it to do a few main things really well with compromises for each extreme. - Durability - Steel - Incredibly durable - Creates Farady cage for components - Heavy af - Magnets, just magnets.... - Rust over time - Aluminium - Light - East to bend for modding or \"physical maintenance\" - Less likely to rust - Huzzah for Farady cages! - Plastic - Just dont - no electrical Ground - no faraday cage - Light AF! - Breath (Airflow) - positive internal airflow! - larger fans push the same amount of air with less speed/noise - Looks - Window? - RGB - Cool Paint? - Fit all your parts - graphics card length/ clearacne - support for liquid cooling raiators? - How many spots for HDD/SSDs - Motherboard format - Cable management! Power Supply (FIGHT MILK) - Rule of thumb: BUy Powersupply that outputs 1.5 times the wattage that you need. - You can walk further than you can you can run. - The PSU can casually output 50-75% power for much longer than at 90-100% (without failure) - If you never demand enough wattage for it to get hot the fan doesnt have to turn on therefore making it quieter. - Modular means you can remove/replace the cables from the PSU. Reputible Brands: Corsair, EVGA Optical Drive (motorized cup holder) - You can download most things today so I'd suggest against it unless you really NEED to watch/write DVD's/CD's Operating System (software that makes everything work) Windows (Always Updates) - Compatible with just about everything - Easy to learn to code on! - POS inital browser - Likely to get virus's Linux (Penguins are cute) - Unique - takes less resources to run - Barebones - Incredibly personalizable! - Compatibility issues with just about everything MacOS (Linux but more annoying) - It is legal! - Great for art and your grandma that doenst know how to use computers! - User friendly - Compatibility issues with various hardware - Confusing/Limiting coding structure Peripherials (cables everywhere!) - Keyboard (higer Polling rate is better) - Mechanical (key is pressed at an exact stroke length every time - Mouse (Higher Polling rate is better) - more buttons = better? - DPI (Dots Per Inch) - In theory, if a mouse has 1600 DPI, then, if you move your mouse one inch (2.54 cm), the mouse cursor will move 1600 pixels - Higher DPI the faster your cursor is able to be moved. - Monitor - In theory the human eye cant see faster than 60 frames per second. - Keep in mind Pixel ratio! - 4k screen that is 22inches will have more pixels in a square inch than a 4k screen that is 28 inches. - Interface? - DVI (Analog) - thumbscrews..... - can do two monitors with one port! - support for 4k - VGA (Analog) - thumbscrews... - max resolution is 1440p - Display Port (digital) - nice button clip - supports 4k - HDMI (Digital) - 1.2 or higer supports 4k - DAC/Speakers/Headphones - Dont even get me started - Microphone - Dont get me started PT.2 Other (other) - UPS (uninterruptible power supply) Just a battery that allows your computer to have some time if the power ever goes out so that you have time to save your work. - Cable Organization materials! - Zipties - velcro - LED LIGHTING! - Manditory - Extra/Better fans - More pressure, less woosh - IFIXIT Pro Tech Toolkit - becasue who buys just one torx wrench. - Cute kitten mousepad - Yes, it has to be a cat. Dont argue \nThis is a very general entry into building computers and what you should buy/look for. If you have any questions/comments send me an e-mail!\n-Zac Holley-\nsubmitted by Zac_Attack13 to pcmasterrace [link] [comments]\n\n[USA-IN] [H] Z270/Z370 motherboards, 5x EVGA Supernova PSUs, RAM, CPUs [W] Paypal/Crypto\n\nHello All,\n\nGetting rid of the below list of hardware. Everything was used for less than 3 months total, some of which got even less (weeks of work, some used simply to troubleshoot). We overbought for GPU rigs, then decided shortly after to sell all the GPUs and go full ASIC.\n\n5 of the motherboards below have Intel G3930s in them and come as a bundle. I am selling two boxed up CPUs separate of those 5. Please send PMs or post here your offers.\n\nThese prices include 2-day USPS Priority mail shipping. Only shipping to USA-\n\nMotherboards (all come with boxes EXCEPT the Gigabyte:\n1x- Gigabyte GA-Z270P-D3 w/ INTEL G3930 CPU - $45 SOLD to u/Benhogi2\n1x- MSI Z270 SLI w/ INTEL G3930 CPU $75 SOLD to u/2vulgar\n1x- MSI Z270 A PRO w/ INTEL G3930 CPU - $60 SOLD to u/the_jimin\n1x- MSI Z370 A PRO (The one you see wrapped was DOA, MSI sent us fresh one back) - $40 1x SOLD to u/Insomniac24x7 and 1x SOLD to u/wpzhou\n1x- Octominer B8Plus RISERLESS w/ CPU - $95 SOLD to u/DerangedRavens\n1x- ASRock Z270 Killer SLI - $60\n2x- ASUS TUF Z270 Mark 2 motherboards w/ INTEL G3930 CPUs - $110\n\nPSUs (all come with boxes and cables):\n1x- EVGA Supernova 1600 P2- $130 SOLD to u/TheXuFactor\n1x- EVGA Supernova 1200 P2- $70 SOLD to u/TheXuFactor\n2x- EVGA Supernova 1000 G2- $50 SOLD to u/tbrooksGA and u/thatoneging20\n1x- EVGA Supernova 1600 G2 -$105 SOLD to u/exactlybro\n\nCPUs (in original boxes with fans):\n1x- Intel G3930-LGA1151 w/ box - $25 SOLD to u/Porridgeislife\n1x- Intel i3-8100 8th gen w/ box - $100 SOLD to u/toty95\n\n1x- Corsair Vengeance LPX DDR4 8GB - $30 SOLD to u/Benhogi2\n1x- Team Elite DDR4 2400 4GB - $20 each- 2x SOLD to u/wpzhou and 2x SOLD to u/toty95 and 1x to u/DerangedRavens\n\n-Paypal goods and services (We will send you invoice and take detailed photos before shipment)\n\nReddit Reference (sold Bitmain coupons to reddit user for .18 BTC/$1400+)\nEbay References- ask us if you want, we received 100% positive feedback on all of the GPUs sold\n\nsubmitted by pablitoJafar to MinerSwap [link] [comments]\n\n[USA-WA] [H] Intel i7-6700k, Gigabyte Z170X-UD5, Gigabyte Gaming G1 980ti, Corsair Dominator Platinum DDR4 Ram 3200Ghz 16GB, (3) 140mm Thermaltake RGB Fans, Corsiar AF120 Fans, Dell UltraWide Monitor 34\", Bitmain Antminer L3+ With APW3++ Power Supply [W] Paypal, Escrow, Local Cash\n\nFeel free to ask about pricing and bundle deals. Shipping will be calculated on top of the negotiated price for the item and split so I cover half and you cover half.\nType Item Description Price\nProcessor Intel i7-6700k Works perfectly, never overclocked, used a AIO liquid cooler to keep it nice and cold. $220\nMotherboard Gigabyte GA-Z170X-UD5 (rev. 1.0) Motherboard has been running great for me, I have had no issues with it or any problems with anything not working. Comes with some documentation, IO shield. Some other random accessories in the photo. $85\nRAM Corsiar Dominator Platinum 16GB (4 x 4GB) DDR4 DRAM 3200MHz C16 Memory Memory ran its XMP profile set in the motherboard, never overclocked. $150 Sold to ZeGentleman\nGPU Gigabyte Gaming G1 980ti GV-N98TG1 GAMING-6GD Ran my games at high resolution, never overclocked. $400 Sold to Silentwidow\nCPU Cooler AIO Corsiar H100i V2 Kept my CPU nice and cool. No problems, no leaks. No original packaging. $45 Sold to FourzerotwoFAILS\nMonitor Dell 34\" Ultrawide Gaming Monitor U3415W Looks amazing, no dead pixels. SHIPPING WILL BE EXPENSIVE - PREFER LOCAL $390\nCase Fan Corsair AF120 Set of 2 120mm quiet airflow fans. Never installed opened package. $10 Sold to YESimtaco\nCase Fan Thermaltake 140mm RGB Riing Three fans that came installed on my new case but never used. Comes with smart fan controller. Price is for all three or make offer for singles. $75\nCrypto Mining Hardware Bitmain Antminer L3+ with APW3++ Power Supply New and never opened, still sealed from the manufacturer. Litecoin/Scrypt mining ASIC hardware. 2 sets available price is per set. One set available. Sold one locally. $1600 Price Lowered to $1500\nsubmitted by viperean to hardwareswap [link] [comments]\n\nGagner de l'argent en se chauffant\n\nSalut à tous,\nJe viens d'avoir une idée, j'ai pensé qu'on pouvait amortir ses coûts de chauffage, en utilisant la chaleur des rigs de minage de cryptomonnaie.\nPlutôt que de payer le chauffage et perdre tout le courant sous forme de chaleur, l'argent du chauffage permettrait de miner de la crypto avant d'être transformé en chaleur, ce qui permettrait d'amortir ou annuler les coûts de chauffage et gagner de l'argent\nIl suffirait de dimensionner la puissance du rig en fonction des besoins nécessaires en chauffage du logement.\nEn faisant des recherches j'ai pu voir que je n'étais pas le seul à avoir pensé à ça : https://www.01net.com/actualites/ce-radiateur-mine-des-cryptomonnaies-pour-vous-chauffer-et-vous-faire-gagner-de-l-argent-1392200.html\nJ'ai même vu un mec qui chauffait l'eau de son bain avec son rig : https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/9k8ykp/heating-water-with-bitcoin-mining-asic-reddit\nVoilà voilà vous pensez quoi de tout ça ?\nsubmitted by KingEjaculator to vosfinances [link] [comments]\n\nASIC Water Heater (Closed / Open Loop)\n\nInside the box. https://i.imgur.com/QpG6dBe.jpg\nPractical use scenarios for closed-loop:\nHot water for a radiator system to heat a residence.\nHot water to drive dishwashers / clothes washers.\nSous vide cooking, as pointed out by hazeldoo\nPractical use scenarios for open-loop:\nMost of the applications above, plus...\nDrying your hair.\nDrying your clothes.\nI'm available for hire.\nsubmitted by gta3uzi to litecoin [link] [comments]\n\nHeating Bath Water using Excess GPU Heat\n\nNovel idea I just read, which circles back to a reddit post from gta3uzi about using his ASIC('s) as a water heater in his home. Exact same concept could be applied to GPU miners. Trade your Lambo's in for hot tubs, boys.\nOP's link here: https://www.reddit.com/Bitcoin/comments/8jooan/asic_water_heater_closed_open_loop/\nsubmitted by Zn2Plus to gpumining [link] [comments]\n\nASIC mining bitcoin vs GPU mining ethereum\n\nsubmitted by CrabCakes001 to EtherMining [link] [comments]\n\nI have an idea for a Bitcoin mining powered desalinization plant.\n\nSomeone buy me.\nC'mon, I'm cheap, easy, and my idea and I can be all yours for the low, low price of money.\nHere's another thing I did once:\nsubmitted by gta3uzi to Bitcoin [link] [comments]\n\nMagic internet money\n\nLike a lot of people my coworkers and I have been discussing the cryptocurrency boom, and swapping stories we've heard. You know the ones:\nI thought that one a coworker told me today would be a good fit for this subreddit. Overall story is the same as I was told, just anonymised and posted with permission.\n$CW = my current co-worker\n$SmallCo – A smallish business with <15 employees.\n$Bossman for the boss of a $SmallCo\n$Old_IT for the old IT guy that used to work at $SmallCo\n$CW was brought into $SmallCo on an emergency contract basis, apparently due to $Old_IT being terminated for “performance reasons” before $SmallCo could find a new permanent IT guy. $CW quickly found out through office gossip that the performance had to do with some inappropriate behaviour involving a young office admin and a lot of alcohol, and avoiding a lawsuit.\n$CW was tasked by $Bossman to ensure that there was “no way they could get hacked by $Old_IT” ($Bossman was apparently a good dude with zero technical skills).\n“While you’re at it” said $Bossman, “fix what’s making that godawful sound in the closet.”\n$CW set to work securing what he could - ensuring that all passwords (including admin) were changed site-wide, dealing with vendors and suppliers to to let them know $Old_IT was no longer allowed to make changes, changed the entry codes for doors to offices and server rooms, and just general security practices you do when you terminate a SysAdmin. Then $CW started the hardware audit.\n(At this point $CW paused in his story - he’d heard tales of SysAdmins who set up automated scripts that would nuke all systems if admin passwords were changed, but hadn't considered this before his updates. Thankfully, none of those malicious scripts were found, but he says he was sweating bullets when he remembered after changing everything.)\nWhat $CW did find instead was\nThe works. It was heaven.\nThe servers in the “server room” (in reality a closet but with proper ventilation) were clearly labelled with the server name, IP, and with the purpose (DB server, mail server, etc) and all with pretty awesome cableporn worthy management.\nIt took $CW barely two hours to make sure all the hardware matched the documentation.\nExcept ... for this one machine in the server room. A big sucker, an extra wide base that looked out of place compared to the sleek machines in the room. The specific unit was the one that $Bossman had pointed out, and it was indeed making a terrible racket. No asset labels, no server information, no documentation, nothing indicating its purpose in the world other than to be noisy as hell. $CW tried plugging in keyboard and monitor but was unable to get anything he connected to respond, and no rogue IP on the network that could help him ID the purpose. No-one had any ideas what it did, so he performed a Scream Test.\nOr at least he tried to - because he could not gracefully shut down (no monitokeyboard would work) he simply tried the old \"press the power button for 10 seconds\" (the IT equivalent of trying to smother it with a pillow).\nWhen that didn’t work he said a small prayer, yanked the power cord from the back, and hoped that whatever happened to the machine it was not permanent. He then found that the networking for the unit did not run to the switches or business grade router for the office, but was plugged into a cunningly hidden (but consumer grade) second router, with the excellent cable management that matched the rest of the office.\nThe requisite 1 week period passed, and no screams. $CW found himself with little to do, so he took another look at this mystery machine. He tried plugging the power back in and powering it up, but there was only silence.\n$CW, thinking he had killed this little server forever, obtained permission from $Bossman to open up the box and perform last rites. At the least he could pull the drive and work out what the system actually did, at worst he could cannabalise what he could and possibly build a new box for the business.\nFor those of you boys and girls paying attention, you’ve already guessed when $CW found, but I'm obviously thick and would never have guessed in a million years.\n$CW found inside a box that was bereft of the normal computer or server gear you’d find in any kind of server - no Motherboard, no RAM, no drives, nothing but a power supply and some fans. Instead he found an older generation ASIC miner (I’ll leave you guys to google this yourselves for the full details, but short version is “Awesome Bitcoin Miner”) with the miner and the fans on the box the only things connected to the power supply.\nThe network cable ran into the box, and connected to the miner directly. All external buttons or connections on the tower proper were not actually connected to the internal workings. Power came from the wall to the power supply and straight to the miner. The only way to turn it on or off was inside the box itself.\n$CW, being an honest person (much much more honest than I ever could be!), showed what he found $Bossman, explained what it was for, and advised to get the company lawyer involved, possibly the police just to be safe. $Bossman still didn't fully comprehend what was happening other than “$Old_IT was stealing electricity from $SmallCo”, but promised that at the end of that process, if $CW wanted the unit, he could have it.\n$Bossman reckons the noisy server had been there for over a year.\n$SmallCo found a new permanent IT guy soon after, because while $CW was good he was expensive (contractor rates) and other than the miner discovery $CW was bored. He still hasn’t heard back if he can get his hands on the miner yet, but last he heard $SmallCo was taking $Old_IT to court for the harassment and other items.\nConsidering how thorough $Old_IT was with everything else in the office, we're contending that he’d have backups of the crypto wallets in safe places, but it's still gotta hurt when you lose your job and your side income simultaneously.\nTL;DR – Coworker found a strange box, filled with magical internet money!\nsubmitted by wogfella to talesfromtechsupport [link] [comments]\n\nASIC Water Heater (Closed / Open Loop)\n\nInside the box. https://i.imgur.com/QpG6dBe.jpg\nPractical use scenarios for closed-loop:\nHot water for a radiator system to heat a residence.\nHot water to drive dishwashers / clothes washers.\nSous vide cooking, as pointed out by hazeldoo\nPractical use scenarios for open-loop:\nMost of the applications above, plus...\nDrying your hair.\nDrying your clothes.\nI'm available for hire.\nsubmitted by gta3uzi to litecoinmining [link] [comments]\n\nA quick guide to GPUs and cryptocurrency.\n\nThere seems to be a lot of misinformation going on about cryptocurrency and how it ties into the new and used GPU markets. I want to try to help alleviate some of the false rumors as well as put together a quick resource to answer any questions someone may have. This is not to sway anyone to or away from crypto or anything like that. I just keep seeing threads that go something like this:\nThis is an exaggerated exchange, but it is based on some of the more common things I see sometimes and it gets the point across. The fact is, a lot of people that comment are trying to be as helpful as possible, and that is absolutely a good thing. The problem comes when trying to water down the information to make it easier to comprehend for a beginner. That’s where I’m hoping this guide comes in. I’ll start off by explaining the process of mining as concisely as possible while still keeping all of the relevant information. After that, I’ll try to debunk/explain some of the myths surrounding mining and GPUs. Let’s hop in.\nMining in a nutshell:\nCryptocurrency mining is the act of using a cpu, GPU, or an ASIC (specially designed device) to solve mathematical equations that verify transactions. That’s a very general definition that we can work with. Within the general aspect of mining, there are different algorithms that are used for different currencies. Some currencies use the same algorithm, so you end up with more currencies than algos. Some algorithms are “ASIC-resistant”, so the best way to mine is with a GPU.\nNow how do you actually get paid by mining? That’s simple. Generally speaking, any time any cryptocurrency is sent anywhere it must go through a verification process and will incur transaction fees. Who gets those fees? The same people that verify the transaction, miners. That simplifies the process a good bit, but it is still truthful.\nThat’s a good bit of background information. Let’s traverse a bit deeper and cover how somebody gets into mining. I’ll start by saying this: Hardly anybody mines Bitcoin. A little more emphasis for the people in the back. HARDLY ANYBODY MINES BITCOIN. Why is that? Because Bitcoin is not profitable unless you are using a high dollar ASIC. That is beyond the scope of this guide, so I’m not going to go there.\nThere are two ways for the Everyman to mine: choosing a coin and mining through a pool, or using what I call a “smart miner” like NiceHash. For the sake of simplicity, let’s use NiceHash from here on. NiceHash is mostly on par with the profitability of pool mining, and it is also a lot easier to set up. This simplicity is inviting to beginners and experts alike.\nWith NiceHash, you never actually mine coins for yourself. You sell your hashing power to those that are buying hashing power. You switch between whichever algorithm is most profitable and mine whatever coins the buyers are paying for, however, you are paid in bitcoin. Confusing? Cool, let’s get simpler. Say you have any amount of GPUs in a rig. In order to mine, download NiceHash, set up your account, and press the start button. Now you’re mining with power! In order to make this profitable enough, you’re going to want a rig with multiple GPUs. A common goal is 6-8 GPUs per motherboard w/ multiple motherboards.\nSo we’ve got all the background we need for now. Let’s tie in some market information. Currently almost all crypto currencies are down significantly, but that doesn’t change the fact that it’s incredibly volatile and could skyrocket in the next week. We have to deal with the fact that yes, crypto is down, but most people will continue mining because it will inevitably go back up. We may potentially see a drop off in miners buying cards until the return of investment goes back up. It’s kind of dismal right now.\nMyth Madness:\nM: Bitcoin is causing GPU prices to skyrocket.\nE: Let’s replace a few words here. This is more accurate: “cryptocurrency is a big factor in the increase in GPU prices.” This is better, but still doesn’t tell the full story. While cryptocurrency is jacking up the demand for GPUs, a RAM shortage as well as the fact that manufacturers just can’t keep up is keeping supply down.\nM: Miners snap up every available new card.\nE: This one is pretty true, however, most miners aren’t just snapping up these cards at MSRP, they’re paying the same price everybody else would pay. In the market’s current state, the higher prices of GPUs hurt the return of investment especially when the dollar value of cryptocurrency is down.\nM: Miners are only interested in AMD!/Nvidia!\nE: this one is a common misconception. Some cards do outperform others, but that does not mean 6 rx 580s will outperform 6 gtx 1080s. Generally speaking, the most powerful card for gaming will be the best performer for mining. A 1080ti will earn around 6 USD per day while a 580 may earn 3 USD per day. Return of investment is actually pretty similar if you go by msrps. You pay more, you earn more to an extent. Most miners that are in it purely for profit are going for 1060 6gb and up, or 570 8gb and up.\nM: Mining cards are run at full power 24/7 and are useless after they’re done with them.\nE: The 24/7 part is true. Most rigs run constantly, but almost all miners undervolt their cards. The power consumption doesn’t do much to the hashrate, but it cuts into overall profit by drawing more electricity than it actually needs. In addition to this, heat is still an enemy as it is with a high performance gaming rig. To combat this, most rigs are in a cold room with as much airflow as possible in the form of multiple case fans, external box fans, ceiling fans, even portable AC units pointed directly at the cards. Miners are all about protecting their investments. The only wear that could be a problem is fan wear, which can be an easy fix.\nM: This will pass when bitcoin crashes.\nE: Cryptocurrency is in it for the long haul. 2017 was honestly the first year of widespread acceptance of crypto. It’s best to look at return of investment when talking about crypto and GPUs. With crypto down, GPUs won’t be bought as much. GPU prices go down, return of investment gets back to what it was. More GPUs are bought. It’s a huge ebb and flow type of thing.\nLet’s go back to the original exchange from the beginning and see how someone could potentially answer the OP.\nOP: GPU prices are so high right now. C1: unfortunately, we’re in a phase where manufacturers can’t keep up with the demand for them. OP: why’s the demand so high? C1: a big reason is cryptocurrency. Crypto miners are able to make a big profit off of mid-high end cards, so they buy them as fast as possible. Lower end cards are effected as well because gamers that can’t get the mid-high range are settling for low range to fit in their budget. OP: Well how about used? C1: If you’re getting a current gen Card, you should ask plenty of questions regarding the conditions it was in. Last Gen cards like a 970 or 980 are probably alright and will rival the performance of some 10 series cards. OP: What if I wait it out? C1: I wouldn’t advise waiting it out. It could take several months for this phase to pass. I would buy a 970 or 980 to hold over until prices even out.\nThat’s a lot more informed as well as being a lot more helpful to the OP. The best advice I can give if you want a high end card is to be vigilant about deals. Some places are offering GPUs at MSRP if you buy other components with it. That’s a great option if it’s your first build. All in all, we’re in a pretty troublesome time for PC building with the price of ram going up as well as the price of GPUs.\nI don’t claim to be an expert so if there are any corrections or additions that need to be addressed, please let me know and I’ll fit them in.\nsubmitted by maybemao to pcmasterrace [link] [comments]\n\nASIC Water Heater (Closed / Open Loop)\n\nInside the box. https://i.imgur.com/QpG6dBe.jpg\nPractical use scenarios for closed-loop:\nHot water for a radiator system to heat a residence.\nHot water to drive dishwashers / clothes washers.\nSous vide cooking, as pointed out by hazeldoo\nPractical use scenarios for open-loop:\nMost of the applications above, plus...\nDrying your hair.\nDrying your clothes.\nI'm available for hire.\nsubmitted by gta3uzi to BitcoinMining [link] [comments]\n\nAMD's Growing CPU Advantage Over Intel\n\nAMD's foundry problems were turned into an advantage over Intel.\nsubmitted by kchia124 to AMD_Stock [link] [comments]\n\nShould YOU be GPU MINING Cryptocurrency in 2020?! - YouTube Built A Cryptocurrency Miner Out Of Old Computers Assembling Avalon asic chips manually I Built a Crypto Mining Farm in My Garage  How To Setup a ... Antminer S17 T17 7nm Chip BM1397 ASIC 2019 Bitcoin Mining Hardware\n\nFurthermore, Bitcoin ASIC technology keeps getting faster, more efficient and more productive so it keeps pushing the limits of what makes the best Bitcoin mining hardware. Some models of Bitcoin miners include Antminer S5, Antminer U3, ASICMiner BE Tube, ASICMiner BE Prisma, Avalon 2, Avalon 3, BTC Garden AM-V1 616 GH/s, VMC PLATINUM 6 MODULE, and USB miners . Think of a Bitcoin ASIC as specialized Bitcoin mining computers, Bitcoin mining machines, or “bitcoin generators”. Nowadays all serious Bitcoin mining is performed on dedicated Bitcoin mining hardware ASICs, usually in thermally-regulated data-centers with low-cost electricity. Don’t Get Confused . There is Bitcoin mining hardware, which mines bitcoins. There are also Bitcoin hardware ... Ähnlich wie bei einem ASIC-Miner handelt es sich somit um eine spezialisierte Hardware, welche ausschließlich für das Schürfen von Kryptowährungen entwickelt wurde. Dennoch bietet das Mining Mainboard im Gegensatz zum ASIC-Miner natürlich eine gewisse Flexibilität, denn es können Grafikkarten verschiedener Hersteller installiert werden und die Auswahl, der zu minenden Kryptowährungen ... Alibaba.com offers 142 asic bitcoin motherboard products. About 10% of these are motherboards, 4% are other computer accessories, and 2% are graphics cards. A wide variety of asic bitcoin motherboard options are available to you, such as desktop, server, and laptop. ASIC miners burst into the industry in 2013 and rapidly gained momentum. ASICs are designed to perform one single task in an ultra-fast manner. As it is made to perform one function, you cannot use, say, Bitcoin ASIC (which focused on the SHA256 hashing algorithm) to mine Zcash (as it uses the Equihash algorithm).\n\n[index] [44177] [39875] [42680] [27907] [9306] [36963] [21483] [13295] [22353] [27894]\n\nShould YOU be GPU MINING Cryptocurrency in 2020?! - YouTube\n\nApplication Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) This video is unavailable. Watch Queue Queue Motherboard 4,474,630 views. 9:17. How to setup Gridseed 5 chip Scrypt Asic Miner using cpuminer - Duration: 13:55. Eyeboot 79,268 views. 13:55. How to easily recover gold from scrap computer ... Is GPU mining still worth it? Is GPU mining profitable in 2020?! We review GPU mining profitable and the best graphics cards for mining in 2020 along with CP... Vosk reviews how to build the best cheap beginner crypto GPU mining rig in a few easy steps! Anyone can build this Duo Mining Rig for less than $1000 with no... It was a bitter cold day at -25 degrees F so I worked inside for the entire day on the computer. Some computer graphics cards had arrived in the mail so I immediately got to work on them. I had to ...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7927547097206116}
+{"content": "Homeopathic Remedies For Sciatic Pain\n\nSciatica can cause a wide variety of back pain symptoms since it involves the sciatic nerve which is connected to other nerves in both the pelvis and the spine. Symptoms range from leg numbness, pain and weakness. Homeopathic remedies are safe and effective and can relieve many of sciatica’s painful symptoms. Homeopathic remedies are potent, yet highly diluted. A C dose means that it has been diluted 100 times; an X dose signifies it has been diluted 10 times.\n\n\nThe remedy Aconite in 30C dose is sometimes prescribed by homeopaths to those with sciatic pain when personality symptoms include a general fear of large groups, restlessness, impatience and an accompanying feeling of despair. Aconite is the correct remedy when an individual’s pain symptoms tend to improve when exposed to warmth, fresh air and rest, and are exacerbated in the cold and in drafts.\n\n\nWhen personality symptoms include irritability, embarrassment and suppressed anger, a 6C dose of Colocynthis is sometimes prescribed to those suffering with sciatic pain. Colocynthis is the right remedy when the individual’s symptoms are improved by applying pressure or heat on the afflicted area and when the symptoms are worsened by exposure to emotional stress, cold and damp weather.\n\nAmmonium chloratum\n\nAmmonium chloratum in the 6C dose is often prescribed for various joint pain, but it is also helpful for sciatic pain as well. Ammonium chloratum is the appropriate remedy when the individual exhibits apprehension, general melancholy and when physical symptoms improve when he is exposed to fresh air, bending over and worsens when the individual walks upright or sits down.\n\nREAD  Reasons For Low White Blood Cells\n\nTips and Cautions\n\nConsult a professional health care practitioner if symptoms do not improve within 48 hours.\n\nThis information is not meant to be used to be used as a replacement for professional medical advice, it is intended for informational purposes only.\n\nNever self-prescribe; consult a licensed, professional homeopath for proper dosage and remedies.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8964775800704956}
+{"content": "Erkki Huhtamo\nNotes Towards an Archaeology of the Media 1 (1993)\n\nЯзык оригинала: русский\n\nIn his classic expose of the “archaeology of the cinema” C.W. Ceram puts the prehistory of the motion pictures straight. He states promptly: “ Knowledge of automatons, or of clockwork toys, played no part in the story of cinematography, nor is there any link between it and the production of animated ‘scenes’. We can therefore omit plays, the baroque automatons, and the marionette theatre. Even the ‘deviltries’ of Porta, produced with the camera obscura, the phantasmagorias of Robertson, the ‘dissolving views’ of Child, are not to the point. All these discoveries did not lead to the first genuine moving picture sequence” 2. In another paragraph, Ceram elaborates on his position: “What matters in history is not whether certain chance discoveries take place, but whether they take effect” 3.\n\nCuriously, the profuse illustrations of the English language edition (1965), collected by Olive Cook, openly contradict these statements. Plenty of “chance discoveries” have been included, supported by meticulously prepared captions. No doubt, for many readers this polyphonic array of curious traces of the past remains the truly exciting aspect of the book, not Ceram's pedantic attempts to trace the one by one steps which led to the emergence of cinema in the end of the 19th century 4. The writer's primary focus is on the narrowly causal relationships which supposedly guided the development of the moving image technology.Tracing the fates of the personalities who made this happen comes next; other factors matter little. The reasoning is matter-of-fact and positivistic. Ceram never ventures upon speculations rising above the materiality of his sources.\n\nThe illustrations in Ceram‘s book, as well as the historical collections on display at such wonderful places as the Frankfurt Film Museum, can, however, be persuaded to tell very different stories, full of intriguing possibilities. As the French historian Marc Bloch taught, our conception of the past depends on the kind of questions we ask 5. Any source, be it a detail of a picture or a part of a machine, can be useful, if we approach it from a relevant perspective. There is no such trace of the past, which does not have its story to tell. Another historian with a comparable attitude towards historical sources was, of course, Walter Benjamin, who (according to Susan Buck-Morss) “took seriously the debris of mass culture as the source of philosophical truth” 6, for Benjamin (particularly in his unfinished Passagen-werk) the various remains of the 19th century culture - buildings, technologies, commodities, but also illustrations and literary texts - served as inscriptions, which could lead us to understand the ways in which a culture perceived itself and conceptualized the “deeper” ideological layers of its construction. As Tom Gunning puts it, “[i]f Benjamin‘s method is fully understood, technology can reveal the dream world of society as much as its pragmatic rationalization” 7.\n\nWolfgang Schievelbusch has shown as how such a broad concept of history can be used to shed light not only on the topic in question - the railway, artificial lighting, stimulants - but on the ways in which artefacts are embedded in the complex discursive fabrics and patterns reigning in a culture. From a predominantly chronological and positivistic ordering of things, centered on the artefact, the emphasis is swifting into treating history as a multi-layered construct, a dynamic system of relationships. Such a shift can also be detected in the field of media studies. The histories of media technologies, such as telephone, film, radio and television, have recently been researched by (re)placing them into their cultural and discursive contexts by Tom Gunning, Siegfried Zielinski, Carolyn Marvin, Avital Ronell, Susan J. Douglas, Lynn Spiegel, Cecelia Tichi, William Boddy and others 8.\n\nThis new media history clearly distances itself from the “objectivist fallacy” of the positivist tradition, admitting that history is basically just another discourse, a voice in the great chorus of voices in a society 9. Historians have began to acknowledge that they cannot be free from the web of ideological discourses constantly surrounding and effecting them. In this sense history belongs to the present as much as it belongs to the part. It cannot claim an objective status; it can only become conscious of its ambiguous role as a mediator and a “meaning processor” operating between the present and the past (and, argueably, the future). Instead of purporting to belong to the realm of infallible truth (with religion and the Constitution) historical writing is emerging as a conversational discipline, as a way of negotiating with the past 10.\n\nIn line with this development, I would like make a few preliminary remarks about an approach I call “media archaeology” 11. While I share with the above mentioned historians an interest in synthetic multi-perspective cultural approach and historical discourse analysis, I see the aims of media archaeology somewhat differently. I would like to propose it as a way of studying such recurring cyclical phenomena which (re)appear and disappear and reappear over and over again in media history and somehow seem to transcend specific historical contexts. In a way, the aim of media archaeology is to explain the sense of deja vu that Tom Gunning has registered when looking back from the present reactions into the ways in which people have experienced technology in earlier periods 12.\n\nFantasmagorie, la ciotat, and captain EO\n\nIn the Frankfurt Film Museum, in a display case with different samples of 19th century Kaleidoscopes, there is an engraving titled \"La kaleidoscomanie ou les Amateurs de bijoux Anglais\" (“The Kaleidoscomania, or the Lovers of English jewels”, presumably from the first part of the 19th century). We see several people (and, indeed, a monkey!) immersed in their Kaleidoscopes 13.There are two “kaleidoscomaniacs” so mesmerized by the visions they see inside the “picture tube” that they don't even notice other men are courting their companions behind their backs. When stereography became a fad in the 1850`s, we soon encounter exactly the same motive in stereographic photographs depicting humorously the less salutary effects of the fashion 14. The effect is the same, the only difference being that for the “stereoscomaniac” the immersion is “total”: the eyepiece of the stereoscope covers the viewer’s both eyes, as if drawing him into a three-dimensional field of vision 15.\n\nRecalling C.W.Ceram’s convictions, outlined above, we could wonder, if these occurrences are just “chance discoveries”, with no causal relationship and thus no historical interest? And it just another chance discovery to note that the current revival of immersive peepshow-like experience in the form of the virtual reality craze has again brought forth the figure of the kaleidoscomaniac - this time in the disguise of the “cybernerd”, whose passion for the other world makes him a fool in this one? The figure has already made its appearance in the cinema and in satirical cartoons, as well as on Music Television - just recall the animated figures Beavis and Butt-Head in their head mounted displays performing I Got You Babe with (real-life) Cher.\n\nAnother example: according to C.W. Ceram, there is no historical connection between Etienne Gaspard Robertson’s Fastasmagorie shows, began in Paris at the very end of the 18th century, and Lumiere brothers’ Cinematographe presentations a century later. Even the use of the laterna magica principle for projecting the images on a screen doesn‘t warrant Ceram to posit a relationship 16. However, if we compare contemporary illustrations about Fantasmagorie audiences’ panicky reactions to the ghosts attacking them from the screen, and reports about early cinema audiences fleeing in terror when the train in the Lumiere film \"L’Arrivee d’un train a La Ciotat\" (1895) seemed to rush straight onto them, we probably cannot avoid a sense of deja vu 17. For someone who visited Disneyland, for example the association that comes to mind might be the Michael Jackson starred stereoscopic movie spectacle Captain EO, the “onslaughting” aspect of which has been enhanced - in addition to the customary 3-D effects - by laserbeams, which are released as if from screen world to the audience space 18. Even though the audience may not have reacted very vividly on the spot, the publicity, the media as well as the contemporary oral traditions re-telling the theme park experience make sure they did 19.\n\nAgain, we may ask if there is any sense in looking for connecting links between these occurrences, wide apart in time and space. I would like to claim that these parallels are not totally random, produced indigenously by conglomerations of specific circumstances. Instead, all these cases “contain” certain commonplace elements or cultural motives, which have been encountered in earlier cultural processes. I would like to propose that such motives could usefully be treated as topoi, or ‘topics’, applying to the field of media studies the ideas that Ernst Robert Curtius used in his massive study Europaische Literatur and lateinisches Mittelalter (1948) to explain the internal life of literary traditions 20.\nThe idea of topoi goes back to the rhetoric traditions of classical antiquity. According to Quintiliants (V, 10, 20), they were “storehouses of trains of thought” (argumentorum sedes), systematically organized formulas serving a practical purpose, namely, composing of orations. As the classical rhetoric gradually lost its original meaning and purpose, the formulas penetrated into literary genres. According to Curtius, “[t]hey become cliches, which can be used in any form of literature, they spread to all spheres of life with which literature deals and to which it gives form” 21. Topics can be considered as formulas, ranging from stylistic to allegorical, that make up the “building blocks” of cultural traditions; they are activated and de-activated in turn; new topoi are created along the way and old ones (at least seemingly) vanish. In a sense, topics provide “prefabricated” moulds for experience. Even though they may emerge as if “unconsciously”, they are, however, always cultural, and thus ideological, constructs. This is my main objection to Curtius who sometimes resorted to the Jungian archetypes to explain the appearance of certain topoi 22. In the era of commercial and industrial media culture it is incleasingly important to note that topoi can be consciously activated, and ideologically and commercially exploited.\n\nDiscursive inventions as an object of study\n\nWhen we deal with topoi - such as the one related to the stereotypical panic reactions to a media spectacle - we deal with representations instead of actual experiences; we don‘t know (and perhaps never will), if any audience ever reacted to a Fantasmagorie or a Cinematograph presentation in the ways depicted in visual or literary discourses. Claiming that they did would be beside the point. The interesting thing is precisely the recurrence of the topoi within these discourses. It could be claimed that the reality of media history has primarlly in the discourses that guide not mould its development, rather than in the “things” and “artefacts” that for writers like Ceram form the core around which everything (r)evolves.\nIn this respect I share Michel Foucault’s determination “[t]o substitute for the enigmatic treasure of ‘things’ anterior to discourse the regular formation of objects that emerge only in discourse” 23. These “discursive objects” can with good reason claim a central place in the study of the history of media culture.Oven though Foucault referred to media systems only casually, a related strategy has been adopted by Friedrich Kittler is his Discourse Networks 1800/1900, in which he traces the gradual shift from one discursive system to another, drawing on a great variety of inscriptions 24. As David E. Wellbery has noted, “Kittler's discourse analysis follows the Foucaultian lead in that it seeks to delineate the apparatuses of power, storage, transmission, training, reproduction, and so forth to make up the conditions of factual discursive occurrences” 25. Instead of pursuing a systematic study of foucaultian “discursive formations”, ideological traditions of discourses reigning in the society, and based on the interplay of power and knowledge, the approach I am delineating is actually closer to the field characterized by Foucault somewhat contemptuously as the history of ideas,” [...] the history of those age-old themes that are never crystallized in a rigorous and individual system, but which have formed the spontaneous philosophy of those who did not philosophize [...] The analysis of opinions rather than of knowledge, of errors rather than of truth, of types of mentality rather than of forms of thought.” 26.\n\nRegistering false starts, seemingly ephemeral phenomena and anecdotes about media can sometimes be more revealing than tracing the fates of machines which were patented, industrially fabricated and widely distributed in the society, let alone the lives of their creators, if our focus is on the meanings that emerge through the social practices related to the use of technology. I agree with the cultural historian of technology, Carolyn Marvin when she writes that “[m]edia are not fixed objects: they have no natural edges. They are constructed complexes of habits, beliefs, and procedures embedded in elaborate cultural codes of communication. The history of media is never more or less than the history of their uses, which always lead us away from them to the social practices and conflicts they illuminate” 27.\n\nFrom such a point view unrealized “dream machines”, or discursive inventions (inventions that exist only as discourses), can be just as revealing as realized artefacts. A case in point, the telectroscope was a discursive invention which was widely believed to exist in the late 19th century. It was an electro-optical device which enabled an individual to “increase the range of vision by hundreds of miles, so that, for instance, a man in New York could see the features of his friend in Boston with as much ease as he could see the performance on the stage” 28. Articles about the device were published in respected popular scientific journals such as \"La Nature\" and \"The Electrical Review\", and even Edison was claimed to have invented it. Time and again it was announced that it will be presented to the general audience at the next world`s fair. Yet the telectroscope never made an appearance except in these discourses, which were widely distributed in the industrialized Western world.\n\nThe telectroscope can be interpreted simply as an utopian projection of the hopes raised by electricity and particularly by the telephone, and realized decades later in the form of television. It should not, however, be discarded so easily. Television found its dominant form in broadcasting, which was very different from the role offered for the telectroscope as an individual and active “tele-vision machine”, meant for individual person-to-personcommunication. Jaron Lanier's utopian vision of virtual reality “as the telephone, not as the television of the future” can thus be seen as another incarnation of a topos well know more than a hundred years earlier 29. It remains to be seen, if Lanier's discursive version of VR will ever be realized, or if the rudimentary technology which inspired it will finally be moulded into a form which is closer to the economically and ideologically constrained structures of broadcast television than to those of telecommunication 30. The discursive formations which enveloped and moulded the emergence of virtual reality technology around the turn of the 1980s and 1990s would provide an appropriate subject of study for the kind of an approach I have been trying to delineate.\n\nTo sum up, it seems to me that the media archaeological approach has two main goals: first, the study of the cyclically recurring elements and motives underlying and guiding the development of media culture. Second, the “excavation” of the ways in which these discursive traditions and formulations have been “imprinted” on specific media machines and systems in different historical contexts, contributing to their identity in terms of socially and ideologically specific webs of signification. This kind of approach emphasizes cyclical rather than chronological development, recurrence rather than unique innovation. In doing so it runs counter to the customary way of thinking about technoculture in terms of constant progress, proceeding from one technological breakthrough to another, and making earlier machines and applications obsolete along the way. The aim of the media archaeological approach is not to negate the “reality” of the technological development, but rather to balance it by placing it within a wider and more multifaceted social and cultural frame of reference.\n\nIn Russian: Заметки по Поводу Археологии Медиа 1\n\nOn-line коллекции медиа-искусства / Арт-активизм / Mailing list(s) / Network проекты / Сетевые радиостанции / E-zin(s)\n\nStreaming media / VRML-art / Flash-Direct / ASCII / Java\n\n© Информационно-исследовательский центр \"МедиаАртЛаб\".\n\nТел.: (095) 956-22-48\nТел./факс: (095) 291-21-72\nE-mail: mediaforum@danet.ru\n\nМедиа-арт Медиа-институции Медиа-события   Медиа-сообщества   Медиа-технологии Библиотека\n\n© 2001—2021 @Division.ru", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6238640546798706}
+{"content": "The Tale Of Financial Investment Has Actually Simply Gone Viral!\n\nTo call on your own a capitalist is something near to sacrilegious. To spend, on the other hand, is to place cash into an investment with the specific objective of seeing a return/profit in the near or distant future. Basically, to invest indicates having or doing a financial investment with the purpose of earning a profit. However, this does not always indicate that you will certainly make a profit by putting your cash in the hands of capitalists. Instead, it is the assumption that you will earn a profit from the investment you have actually put.\n\nThe ability to purchase any market, at any moment, has given rise to the expression “diversity of investment”. Basically, buying various markets will boost the possibility that an individual will certainly make a profit. Diversity of investment refers to the combining of various financial profiles, leading to a much lower danger of shedding cash in any offered market. Purchasing different types of safeties is particularly important for longer-term profiles. The M1 funds offer a good example of just how purchasing a wide array of properties can decrease the danger of loss. gold etf in ira tax\n\nDiversification of investment is essential since it decreases the typical threat of loss in any type of provided profile. There are, nonetheless, some financial investment techniques that optimize the diversification potential of any given portfolio. As an example, there are some long-lasting mutual fund that invest in a number of various types of bonds. This kind of diversification allows capitalists to enjoy a strong bond risk/benefit proportion.\n\nAnother approach that capitalists can make use of when spending is known as cost diversification. Price diversification just indicates investing in financial investments that are valued in a comparable way. For example, when most people purchase supplies they generally pick those that are commonly traded on major exchanges such as the NASDAQ. By picking such stock, they ensure that their risk of loss is kept to a minimum. Rates of stocks have a tendency to alter with time, and so it may not make sense to buy one type of supply that is more costly today than it was a year earlier.\n\nSome individuals use what is called technical analysis when investing. Technical evaluation involves researching past fads and also how they may impact contemporary financial investments. By researching the means a specific financial investment has been acting traditionally, a monetary expert can earn money by anticipating when a certain investment will certainly earn money in the future. Nonetheless, there is a lot of work as well as research entailed when utilizing this sort of evaluation. It can be extremely difficult for the amateur capitalist to make use of this study and earn money via technical evaluation alone.\n\nAn additional typical kind of financial investment is the money market funds. Cash markets offer high rate of interest and also accessibility to a variety of creditors. Cash markets can either be taken care of or temporary. Repaired money markets invest money in a selection of federal government safety and securities such as bonds, treasury expenses, and also notes. A short-term cash market funds uses higher rate of interest than a set investment in the very same market. physical gold ira rollover\n\nA vital consider determining just how to handle your profile is whether you will certainly require to diversify your investments. Diversity will lower the danger of losing cash from any type of solitary investment. Diversity is attained by purchasing different types of possessions. These properties could be stocks, bonds, mutual funds, property, commodities, or rare-earth elements. Whether you are spending to sustain you or your family economically, or just for an adventure, diversifying is an important part of all investing activities.\n\nThe value of any type of financial investment relies on numerous elements such as price of ownership, income as well as roi. A good way to minimize your threat of loss and raise your likelihood of making a profit is to thoroughly choose which safety you want to acquire. You need to also try to expand your financial investment profile by owning not just stocks, however additionally bonds, money market funds, CDs or other safeties that can give growth assistance. The right choice of safety and securities can assist you attain your financial investment goals and also enhance your general economic administration expenditures.\n\nReal estate investing is one more choice, as well as frequently places high up on the checklist of top selections amongst people seeking investment alternatives. The very best method to discover real estate investing is to visit your neighborhood bank or various other financial division. A real estate investor generally gets, keeps, and markets property for profit. An excellent portion of investor purchase rental properties, sometimes using these homes as security to secure car loans. Many people eventually end up being proprietors of multiple-family homes, town hall, condos, as well as homes.\n\nVarious other major categories of financial investments consist of asset markets, bond markets, insurance policy, alternate energy, and also foreign exchange. Bond markets usually entail acquiring safeties linked to specific corporations. Product markets are futures, alternatives, currencies, and agricultural items. Insurance coverage is usually focused on life insurance, annuities, home mortgage insurance, and restricted insurer. Alternative energy financial investments are gas and oil stocks, along with household and business realty and also stocks. transfer ira to gold and silver\n\nDifferent possession allocation techniques entail varying blends of supplies, bonds, as well as other assets. These different property allowance strategies can result in really various returns. As an example, some individuals will certainly make use of property investing as part of their general portfolio, purchasing homes and leasing them out when they’re not using them. Others will utilize supplies and bonds as an almost all of their investment strategy, with cash being utilized for long-term financial investments or short-term goals like starting a retirement fund. It is necessary to be informed concerning all the different property allocation methods prior to selecting which ones will suit you finest.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5382218360900879}
+{"content": "Animal farm viewed from rhetorical point of view\n\nPrasetyo, Meliana Levina (2003) Animal farm viewed from rhetorical point of view. Masters thesis, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya.\n\n[thumbnail of ABSTRAK]\n\nDownload (304kB) | Preview\n[thumbnail of BAB 1]\nText (BAB 1)\nBab 1.pdf\n\nDownload (289kB) | Preview\n[thumbnail of BAB 2] Text (BAB 2)\nBab 2.pdf\nRestricted to Registered users only\n\nDownload (776kB)\n[thumbnail of BAB 3] Text (BAB 3)\nBab 3.pdf\nRestricted to Registered users only\n\nDownload (288kB)\n[thumbnail of BAB 4] Text (BAB 4)\nBab 4.pdf\nRestricted to Registered users only\n\nDownload (1MB)\n[thumbnail of BAB 5]\nText (BAB 5)\nBab 5.pdf\n\nDownload (253kB) | Preview\n[thumbnail of LAMPIRAN] Text (LAMPIRAN)\nRestricted to Registered users only\n\nDownload (1MB)\n\n\nThis study involves stylistics theories used in analyzing a novel entitled Animal Farm rhetorically. The aims are to explore the cruelty of Napoleon deeply through stylistics fields. According to Drever (1986: 87) from psychological point of view, cruelty is a tendency to enjoy, or to get satisfaction, and in causing of suffering against animals or other humans. So, to expand the thesis analysis on cruelty, the writer uses the theories of stylistics which include language and literature which are stated by Bradford (1997: xi), Short (1996: 1), and Widdowson (1975: 4) that stylistics is an area of mediation between two disciplines, that is (English) language and literature. Stylistics sometimes looks like either linguistics or literary criticism, depending on where we are standing when we are looking at it. Stylistics enables us to identity and name the distinguishing features of literary texts, and to specify the generic and structural subdivisions of literature. There are three aspects of stylistics fields which will be used in analyzing the novel entitled Animal Farm: linguistic stylistics, literary stylistics, and the underlying theme of Animal Farm. To discuss linguistic stylistics, the writer uses the linguistic devices which consist of deixis (person, place, and time deixis), topicalization (theme and rheme, passivization, pseudo-cleft transformation), and Direct Speech. They are related to discourse analysis study. To discuss literary stylistics, the writer uses satirical devices for a political satire and also stylistic devices which consist of diction, metaphor, and repetition. They are related to pragmastylistics study. Figurative languages which include literature fields and conversational implicature based on Grice's theory of implicature which includes linguistics field are also used to expand both linguistic and stylistic devices, to explore about meaning of conversation and connotated words/ sentences in the novel. To discuss the underlying theme of Animal Farm, the writer uses nonliterary aspects, those are aspects outside literature and linguistics aspects from religio-political fields. This is a qualitative study. The data of this study are sentences and utterances which contain literary and non-literary aspects found in the source of data of George Orwell's Animal Farm. The findings of this study reveal the descriptive data consist of at least 30 sentences as the samples of the novel which contain literary and stylistics aspects. For the literary analysis, the writer reveals Napoleon is able to bring down Jones' cruelty, master other animals absolutely until his cruelty brings fatal impacts for himself, other animals, and the windmill. For the stylistics analysis, the writer discusses satirical devices; the novel is known as a political satire. This is a work which blends a critical attitude with humour and wit for the purpose of ridiculing the follies of man's political behavior and institutions. The author wishes to make the reader accept animals as personalities in their own right and to ignore whatever situations which are happening/ taking place. Linguistics and stylistics devices are used to show that the novel has many connotated meanings in the utterances, words, and sentences. Animal Farm has a connotated meaning of a feudalistic country led by Jones - which changes into a communistic country led by Napoleon. A human as a farm owner connotates the powerful man in a country. Animals connotate ordinary people who are only passive and become the objects of the government. Pigs connotate the greedy, lazy, and pig-headed people, but have an ambition to be powerful men as Napoleon. For the underlying theme analysis, the writer reveals that power tends to corrupt and that absolute power corrupts absolutely. The theme is expanded to the religio-political aspects, those are aspects which are related to belief in God and state and governmental affairs in the novel which tell that Napoleon is not only sinful, but also breaks human rights.\n\nItem Type: Thesis (Masters)\nDepartment: [\"eprint_fieldopt_department_Graduate School\" not defined]\nUncontrolled Keywords: Cruelty, stylistics, literature, linguistics, pragmastylistics, discourse analysis, metaphor, repetition, figurative languages, theme.\nSubjects: English Education\nDivisions: Graduate School > Master Program in Teaching English as a Foreign Language\nDepositing User: Sri Kusuma Dewi\nDate Deposited: 29 Aug 2016 08:33\nLast Modified: 29 Aug 2016 08:33\n\nActions (login required)\n\nView Item View Item", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7049379348754883}
+{"content": "Academic Commons\n\n\nOnline community discourse during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: an analysis of Twitter interactions\n\nBeedasy, Jaishree; Samur Zúñiga, Antonia F.; Chandler, Thomas E.; Slack, Tim\n\nFollowing the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on April 20, 2010, information was widely broadcast through social media platforms such as Twitter. This study aimed to gain insights into the content and flow of the tweets that had shaped the conversation related to the oil spill within the first 4 months of the rig explosion and to understand how these online interactions may have contributed to disaster response and resilience. A set of tweets (n = 876,298) was identified and processed to yield 736,324 clean tweets. The study used a mixed-methods approach, including human coding, machine learning and social network analysis to examine the online discourse. Visualizations were used to present the patterns and connections within the dataset into a more readable and interpretable format. Our analysis revealed that popular themes such as environmental and economic concerns, clean-up and volunteering, health impacts and frustration towards BP had contributed to the shaping of the discourse. The Twitter users included seekers and providers of information and resources. Another group of users, local volunteers and digital activists, functioned as boundary spanners by facilitating information flow between the seekers and the providers. Additionally, Twitter had been used for risk communication and the dissemination of factual health information. The online communication and coordination efforts may have contributed to the mitigation of the impacts of the oil spill. Our findings suggest that social media empowered community-based users, affording access to power brokers, reliable information, the formation of online networks and social capital and potentially contributed to their resilience.\n\n\nThis item is currently under embargo. It will be available starting 2022-09-17.\n\nAlso Published In\n\nInternational Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction\n\nMore About This Work", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9926127195358276}
+{"content": "Cridon is a brand of Juergen H. Staeudtner. Cridon works either with partern organizations from a large network or with subcontractors depending on the actual engagement.\n\nJuergen H. Staeudtner has more than 15 years experience in industry and consulting firms in different sectors. Among others he has worked for Accenture, Booz Allen Hamilton and o.tel.o communications.\n\nSince 1999 Cridon (Formerly Staeudtner Management Consulting) offers consulting and development services.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7331806421279907}
+{"content": "Craft as A Cultural Value\n\nSpeech for the Association of Craftsmen in Copenhagen 175th anniversary, Copenhagen City Hall, 18 Nov 2015\n\n\"The Master said: By nature near together; by practice far apart.\" CONFUCIUS 551- 479 BC\n\nThe society that meets the new global world most forcefully, is the society that sets free the creative potential of the individual citizen the most.\n\nIn order for the individual citizen to know his or her creative potential, it is necessary to know oneself as a whole human being in flesh and blood with head, arms and legs.\n\nIn the digital world that has become an integrated part of our reality, it is crucial that we and the future generations exercise our own »computers«, which is to say: ourselves. This is done by understanding that we are whole human beings. And this is what the physical disciplines make possible, particularly craft in touch with tools and materials. Craft exercises our own perception so we can form an independent image of the world.\n\nCraft is one of humanity’s oldest methods of experiencing and actively shaping our world. Because of the development of tools and the way they al- low us to use and explore material qualities, a knowledge and a language has been created, making it possible to describe and develop new ways of seeing and understanding the world.\n\n“A proposition is a picture of reality. A proposition is a model of reality as we imagine it.” WITTGENSTEIN, TRACTATUS 4.01\n\nThe meaning of this is that language is not reality, nor are the models of the ministry of finance.\n\nThe development of ideas and visions in direct encounters with the world and its materials are fundamentally different from principles based exclusively on statistics and the abstractions of language. In this world of symbols and signs and today particularly in the digital technologies it is not the realities of the world that define our limits. They are defined by the spreadsheet format, the syntax of language, the computer program.\n\nWe live in a world where decision-makers under private and especially public management - from day nursery to primary school, high school, university, parliament - in decades have been isolated in an institutional vacuum. Here reality is seen through a filter in a digital, statistic, structural management system getting still more impenetrable.\n\nSince the ’00s in particular this management system established to streamline and maximize whatever it wants to manage and have built up defense mechanisms against the actual circumstances in the iron industry.\n\nIn this system world of administration based on digital algorithms specialists, researchers, artists, craftsmen as well as everyone working in the iron industry are perceived as irrelevant and disturbing elements. And during the last 10 years this political management segment has become directly aggressive against any professionally substantiated critique or proposals.\n\nIn this world craft is an unmanageable phenomenon because fundamentally it builds on values and standards that are foreign to the management world. In craft it is knowledge through experience, it is intuition, it is the individual’s talent and know-how that is decisive. Here all the algorithms have to\n\ngive up, all diagrams and tests and measurements of value vs. effectiveness must be scrapped.\n\nAs long as this abstract system world is politically absolute any illusory plans to reinstall craft side by side with the other academic disciplines have to be ruled out. For this to happen it would require that the craftsman, the artist, the researcher would get the same wages and status as people in the financial and management world, people that today have the power to give themselves outrageous amounts of money while the actual creation of value in our culture is being closed down.\n\nWe live today in a capitalist period where the financial world has completely taken over the power with millions of investments per minute, carried out by machines which without any actual creation of value accumulate outrageous amounts of money for a still smaller number of people, evading any fair distribution of these values. For unknown reasons democratically elected politicians support this undermining insanity.\n\nNot until the day the democracies come to their senses and reinstate the individual citizen as the real capital of society, not until it begins to reward enterprises that create real sustainable production and jobs - will the great qualities of craft have a chance to prove its worth.\n\nYet contrary to the delusion of politicians the reality is that the present dominating generalists of our Taliban economy belong to the past. Not to the past of industrial society or the past of service society, or they might belong to the latter, but worse yet, they belong to the past of information society, or maybe rather disinformation society, which was under the delusion the information on its own can generate value. When information is communicated from human being to human being it might well be a useful tool to optimize processes and ideas. But the fundamental is still the individual person’s know-how and insight. The future belongs to those that reinstate the human being as the real capital of society, and reinstate the respect for our shared world as a fundamental value. Here craft is not the past but a part of the future and its solutions of responsibility.\n\nIn the beginning of the ’00s when I lived in Willumsen’s studio at Strandagervej, I tried to found the institute AACT: art, architecture, craft and technology, as a global further development of Bauhaus. The idea was to develop practical examples where these four disciplines together could form a synthesis as an answer to the challenges of the world in front of us. No foundation was willing to support this idea. Maybe a similar project could today be reconsidered to raise our respect in the consciousness of politicians.\n\nHand and spirit presuppose each other.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8415563702583313}
+{"content": "Salad with pineapple, chicken and nuts\n\nIngredients for making salad with pineapple, chicken and nuts.\n\n  1. Chicken Breast -2 pieces to taste\n  2. Canned Pineapple 1 can\n  3. Walnuts 100 grams\n  4. Mayonnaise to taste\n  5. Salt to taste\n  6. Ground allspice to taste\n  7. Purified water 2-3 liters\n  • Main Ingredients Chicken, Pineapple, Nuts\n  • Portion 6-8\n  • World Cuisine\n\n\nKitchen knife - 3-4 pieces, cutting board - 3-4 pieces, paper kitchen towels, stove, deep pan, measuring cup, canned wrench, colander, deep plate, slotted spoon, blender, deep bowl, tablespoon, plastic wrap , fridge, salad bowl or serving plate.\n\nMaking a salad with pineapple, chicken and nuts:\n\nStep 1: prepare the chicken.\n\nThis breathtakingly delicious salad is prepared in just 45-50 minutes, so if you make it for any dinner party, lunch or dinner, you will have plenty of free time to come up with other snacks and main dishes. But stop singing the praises of this miracle, it's time to get down to business! First, take fresh chicken breast or, as it is also called, fillet, and thoroughly rinse under trickles of cold running water. Then we dry the meat with paper kitchen towels, put it on a cutting board and use a sharp kitchen knife to remove the film from it, excess fat, and also remove cartilage.\n\nStep 2: cook the chicken.\n\nThen pour into a deep pan about two, although you can three liters of water and put it on medium heat. When it begins to gurgle, season it to taste with salt and carefully lower the chicken there. As you know, meat is better to put in boiling waterso that the upper tissues immediately curl up and the juice of this ingredient remains in the fibers, from this the breast will remain juicy!\n\nAfter boiling again using a slotted spoon, remove the gray-white foam - curled protein from the surface of the liquid, and cook the chicken until fully cooked for 25-30 minutes. Then we move it into a deep plate and cool near the ajar window to room temperature.\n\nStep 3: prepare the pineapples.\n\nWe don’t lose a minute, using a special key, open a jar of canned pineapple. If you have already chopped, then you are lucky, and if the rings, then we transfer them to a colander and leave them in the sink for 7-10 minutes so that the glass is excess liquid.\n\nThen we send the fruit to the cutting board and chop it with a clean knife into small slices from 1 to 1.5 centimeters in size.\n\nStep 4: prepare the nuts.\n\nWe cover the countertop with a kitchen towel, pour walnuts on it and sort them out, while removing any kind of rubbish. Then we leave the kernels whole or chop in any convenient way, for example, grind in a stationary blender, food processor, through a meat grinder with a large nozzle, but you can do it the old way, that is, put it in a bag and rub it with a rolling pin or break it into small, medium or large crumbs with the back kitchen hatchet.\n\nStep 5: prepare the boiled chicken fillet and the rest of the ingredients.\n\nSo the time has come for the cooled chicken, we move it to a new cutting board and with a clean knife we ​​shred portion portions from 1 to 2.5 centimeters in size. The shape of the slices is not important, it can be slices, straws, cubes, and if desired, the breast can generally be simply sorted into fibers. Then we spread the rest of the products that will be needed to prepare the dish on the countertop, and proceed to the next, almost final step.\n\nStep 6: bring the salad with pineapple, chicken and nuts to full readiness.\n\nPut chopped chicken, pineapple and nuts in a deep bowl. We season these products to taste with salt, allspice, ground pepper and mayonnaise. There we add a couple of tablespoons of pineapple marinade and mix everything with a tablespoon to a homogeneous consistency. The dishes with ready-made salad are tightened with plastic wrap, put in the refrigerator at least 30 minutes, and after that you can start tasting!\n\nStep 7: serve salad with pineapple, chicken and nuts.\n\nSalad with pineapples, chicken and nuts, after infusion, is transferred to a more suitable dish, distributed in portions on plates or in special edible baskets and served cold or at room temperature, as an appetizer, although it may well be a real full-fledged main dish for breakfast, lunch or dinner. This dish does not need any additions, unless, before serving, the salad can be decorated with fresh branches of greens, for example, dill, parsley, cilantro, in principle, green onions are also suitable. Cook with love and be healthy!\nEnjoy your meal!\n\nRecipe Tips:\n\n- very often, instead of chicken, fresh shanks or thighs, previously rid of skin and bones, are used;\n\n- sometimes in this salad add chopped or shredded on a large or medium grater hard cheese, as well as prunes, canned corn, fresh cucumbers or Korean carrots. Each of these ingredients individually brings its own pleasant aftertaste and aroma to the dish;\n\n- this dish will be more satisfying if you put in it a little boiled rice until fully cooked, potatoes or a few chicken eggs;\n\n- some housewives prefer to use its mixture with sour cream in a 1: 1 ratio instead of pure mayonnaise, and even add a couple of garlic cloves peeled and squeezed out through a press to such a fragrant mass.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9877519607543945}
+{"content": "Canvas Photo, Canvas Photos, & Canvas Photo Prints\n\n+King James Design+, +Canvasph+, +canvas meaning+, +canvas feu+, +canvas student+, +canvas painting+, +canvas auf+, +canvas dlsu+, +canvassing+, +canvas instructure+, +canvas jru+, +canvas app+, +canvas art+, +canvas and clay lyrics+, +canvas and clay+, +canvas app for pc+, +canvas and clay chords+, +canvas account+, +a canvas painting+, +a canvas prop used by painters+, +a canvas bag+, +a canvas shelter+, +a canvas covered cabin+, +a canvas as white as the moon+, +a canvas definition+, +a canvas holder+, +canvas bag+, +canvas board+, +canvas boutique hotel+, +canvas background+, +canvas bag designs+, +canvas bu+, +canvas by instructure+, +canvas backpack+, +b canvas paarden eiland+, +b canvas cape town+, +b canvas model+, +b canvas art+, +b canvas handbag+, +canvas b&m+, +canvas b&q+, +canvas b v+, +canvas ceu+, +canvas cloth+, +canvas conference+, +canvas ciit+, +canvas classroom+, +canvas cover+, +canvas com+, 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+digital canvas prints near me+, +digital canvas photography+, +digital canvas review+, +canvas digital radio+, +digital art canvas resolution+, +digital printing canvas roll+, +depict digital canvas review+, +recommended digital canvas size+, +digital art canvas size reddit+, +digital canvas software+, +digital canvas screen+, +digital canvas singapore+, +digital canvas studio+, +digital canvas seoul+, +digital light canvas singapore+, +digital canvas tablet+, +digital canvas texture+, +digital canvas photos+, +digital to canvas printing+, +digital art to canvas+, +digital print to canvas+, +digital transformation canvas+, +digital to canvas+, +digital canvas uk+, +canvas digital ugb+, +meural digital canvas uk+, +aula digital canvas ucab+, +digital signature using canvas+, +digital printing untuk kanvas+, +digital value canvas+, +canva digital vision board+, +vektr digital canvas+, +videri digital canvas+, +vector digital canvas+, +digital canvas wall art+, +digital canvas what is+, +digital wall canvas+, +digital watch canvas strap+, +digital workplace canvas+, +modern digital canvas website+, +digital canvas youtube+, +signage digital canvas+, +digital canvas 265 sq+, +best digital canvas 2018+, +digital art canvas 26.5インチ+, +digital canvas 4k+\n\nCanvas Photo, Canvas Photos, & Canvas Photo Prints\n\nIn the age of digital photography, there is a new medium arising for printing out your photos: canvasph. In traditional photography, people were able to develop their photographs onto film of various sizes for framing and other purposes. Unfortunately, these images were not always of the highest quality. In addition, photo paper would frequently fade and yellow. If you’ve ever looked through an old photo album, you’re aware of how dramatic the effects of aging can have on a photograph. With the advent of digital photography, people were able to do a lot more with their images. On top of this, the actual images people are taking with digital cameras are superior in quality to conventional photography.\n\nHow CanvasPH and Canvas Photos Enhance your Print\n\nSo with an increase in the quality of images, and a lack of photo paper able to stand up against the test of time, many people are turning to canvasph for their photo printing needs. With canvasph, images are able to be uploaded onto computers from digital cameras and then printed onto canvas with stunning quality. These images are also able to be enhanced and edited in a variety of ways using various photo editing software programs. The results are amazing. A canvas photo can be virtually any size desirable, and the quality speaks for itself. Never before have photographic images been so detailed. Additionally, photos printed onto canvas can last for over 100 years without fading, yellowing or decay.\n\nEffects of Canvas Photos\n\nOne of the most popular effects used by photographs with canvas photos is black and white. This is just one of the many effects that photographers are able to easily add to their images with programs like photoshop. With the ease of photo editing, and the availability of stunning reproductions using canvasph, digital photography has been virtually reinvented. With canvasph, the possibilities are endless. Whether you’re looking to print a family photograph onto canvas to hang in the living room, or transferring a beautiful panoramic photograph onto a large canvas for display in a gallery, canvasph can meet your needs.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9986608028411865}
+{"content": "%A Li Tong, Ma Wei, Xu Shibiao, Zhang Xiaopeng %T Task-Adaptive End-to-End Networks for Stereo Matching %0 Journal Article %D 2020 %J Journal of Computer Research and Development %R 10.7544/issn1000-1239.2020.20190478 %P 1531-1538 %V 57 %N 7 %U {https://crad.ict.ac.cn/CN/abstract/article_4223.shtml} %8 2020-07-01 %X Estimating depth/disparity information from stereo pairs via stereo matching is a classical research topic in computer vision. Recently, along with the development of deep learning technologies, many end-to-end deep networks have been proposed for stereo matching. These networks generally borrow convolutional neural network (CNN) structures originally designed for other tasks to extract features. These structures are generally redundant for the task of stereo matching. Besides, 3D convolutions in these networks are too complex to be extended for large perception fields which are helpful for disparity estimation. In order to overcome these problems, we propose a deep network structure based on the properties of stereo matching. In the proposed network, a concise and effective feature extraction module is presented. Moreover, a separated 3D convolution is introduced to avoid parameter explosion caused by increasing the size of convolution kernels. We validate our network on the dataset of SceneFlow in aspects of both accuracy and computation costs. Results show that the proposed network obtains state-of-the-art performance. Compared with the other structures, our feature extraction module can reduce 90% parameters and 25% time cost while achieving comparable accuracy. At the same time, our separated 3D convolution, accompanied by group normalization (GN), achieves lower end-point-error (EPE) than baseline methods.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.577156662940979}
+{"content": "Consistent Quantum Theory by Robert B. Griffiths\n\nLarge book cover: Consistent Quantum Theory\n\nConsistent Quantum Theory\n\nPublisher: Cambridge University Press\nISBN/ASIN: 0521539293\nISBN-13: 9780521539296\nNumber of pages: 408\n\n\nHome page url\n\nDownload or read it online for free here:\nDownload link\n(multiple PDF,PS files)\n\nSimilar books\n\nBook cover: The basic paradoxes of statistical classical physics and quantum mechanicsThe basic paradoxes of statistical classical physics and quantum mechanics\nby - arXiv\nStatistical classical mechanics and quantum mechanics are two developed theories that contain a number of paradoxes. However the given paradoxes can be resolved within the framework of the existing physics, without introduction of new laws.\nBook cover: Perspectives in Quantum Physics: Epistemological, Ontological and PedagogicalPerspectives in Quantum Physics: Epistemological, Ontological and Pedagogical\nby - arXiv\nThe author shows how a transformed modern physics curriculum may positively impact student perspectives on indeterminacy and wave-particle duality, by making questions of classical and quantum reality a central theme of his course.\nBook cover: Overview of Bohmian MechanicsOverview of Bohmian Mechanics\nby - arXiv\nThis chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the Bohmian formulation of quantum mechanics. After a historical review, a formal explanation of Bohmian mechanics for nonrelativistic, single-particle quantum systems is presented.\nBook cover: Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics\nby - Universität Ulm", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9964445233345032}
+{"content": "New report: Colorado among national leaders in wind energy growth, solar power growth, energy efficiency progress and electric vehicle adoption\n\nDecade-long analysis details dramatic clean energy growth in Colorado and nation\nFor Immediate Release\n\nDENVER -- Colorado ranks eighth in the nation for growth in wind energy production since 2011, 13th in the nation for growth in solar power generation since 2011, according to a new report released today by Environment Colorado Research & Policy Center. Renewables on the Rise 2021: The rapid growth of renewables, electric vehicles and other building blocks of a clean energy future documents the growth of six key clean energy technologies across the U.S. over the past decade: solar power, wind power, battery storage, energy efficiency, electric vehicles and heat pumps. Colorado has seen a 728% increase in the amount of electricity it gets from the sun since 2011, a 145%  increase in wind power production since 2011, and as of 2020 generates enough wind and solar power to meet 26.5% of its electricity demand. As of 2020, Colorado had a total of 36,821 electric vehicles on the road and was home to 3,356 public electric vehicle charging ports . \n\n“It’s amazing the difference that a decade can make,” said Rex Wilmouth, Senior Program Director with Environment Colorado Research & Policy Center. “Coloradans can look forward to a cleaner, healthier future, as renewable sources like wind and solar are poised to play a starring role in Colorado’s energy future,” said Wilmouth. “And as these clean energy sources produce more and more of our power, they set the stage for other new technologies -- like electric cars and heat pumps -- to replace dirty and outdated ones, all while relying on clean power. That’s how we create a better, cleaner future.”\n\nBeyond high rankings in wind and solar energy progress, Colorado is 10th in the nation for wind and solar generation as a percentage of electricity consumption, 8th in improvements in electricity efficiency since 2011, 10th in cumulative electric vehicle sales through 2020 and 8th in public electric vehicle charging ports.  Strong and supportive policies, combined with improving technologies and falling prices, have played a key role in driving adoption, according to the report. For example, Colorado has increased charging ports in state parks so Coloradans can recharge their electric vehicles where we recharge our souls.\n\n\n“Millions of Americans and Coloradans are already reaping the benefits of the dramatic clean energy progress we’ve made so far,” Wilmouth said. “But, we’ll need to do even more in order to transform the vision of 100% clean and renewable energy for Colorado into a reality. Governor Polis should keep the momentum going by accelerating Colorado’s transition to 100% clean electricity and Congress should extend and expand key tax incentive programs for clean energy so Colorado can continue investing in renewable energy.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9975441098213196}
+{"content": "I'm trying to make a variable height jump controlled by parameters. I want to be able to specify the max height of my jump, and a time to max height. I also want to be able to specify a min jump height. My understanding is we construct a jump by using max_height and time_to_max to calculate gravity.\n\nfunc gravity(height, peak_time):\n    return -2 * height / pow(peak_time * 2, 2)\n\nBecause min_jump_height uses the same gravity as max jump height, it’s time to peak is not determined directly, but through the other variables. I calculate my initial velocity based on my min_jump_height and gravity:\n\nfunc initial_velocity(gravity, min_height):\n    return sqrt(2 * -gravity * min_height)\n\nAs usual, I apply gravity each frame:\n\nvelocity += gravity * delta\n\nHow do I make it so that each frame the jump button is held a little more is added to velocity such that the original peak height is hit at peak time? This is, in effect, compensating through interpolation for if my initial velocity had been targeted to my max_height instead of my min_height. I imagine there might be more than one valid form of interpolation to solve this problem and I’d be interested in any of them, but the simplest will do.\n\n    – DMGregory\n    Jun 8 at 18:15\n\nYour Answer\n\n\nBrowse other questions tagged or ask your own question.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.989004373550415}
+{"content": "With all the hype about Millennials and how the church has been losing them at an alarming rate, we must also ask if this trend will continue to the succeeding generation, the Gen Zs. As they start to come of age and begin entering the work force, how should the church respond to their newfound independence and freedom? [Gen Zs are usually defined as those aged between 9 to 24 years old in 2021.] \n\nDue to the age of the younger ones in this generation, our team altered slightly our usual qualitative ethnography methodology. In-depth one-on-one interviews were conducted with those in the 17 to 24 age bracket and group interviews were conducted with those in the 13 to 16 range. This eCommentary seeks to present a snapshot of four trends that emerged from Gen Z Christians from 18 churches across eight denominations in Singapore. The trends presented are definitely not representative of the experiences of all in this generation but are worthy of consideration.\n\n\nGen Zs are at that point in their faith journey where they are questioning and exploring their faith and their allegiance to the church\n\nThe majority of the interviewees were second-generation Christians who had spent a large part of their lives in church primarily because of their parents. However, they are now coming of age and exploring their doubts about the faith as well as questioning their continued involvement in the church. Being the first full generation that never knew life without the internet, easy access to unlimited information means that they are exposed to alternative views on life and faith that are in conflict with what is taught by the church. A significant proportion of them started this journey of questioning between the ages of 13 to 14 but most commented that their experiences in Sunday schools and/or youth ministries did not allow any satisfactory exploration into these areas of doubt. Instead, what they experienced were simplistic answers couched in spiritual jargon that only caused further alienation between their faith and their lived experience.\n\n“I can’t relate to all the spiritual talk that goes on in church, like they always ask us to pray, but I’m not sure if I’m getting blue ticks at all, or like, they always tell us to just trust in God, I mean, how does that even work?”\n\nGen Zs lament the “shallow” Christianity they experience in church\n\nParticularly jarring to those of this generation is the perceived gap between what the church openly proclaims in the areas of love and community, and their actual experience of congregational life. They see that while the Bible is often cited as the most important aspect of Christianity, it doesn’t feature much in the actual life of the church beyond theoretical theology. Church seems more like a social club where most people lack real motivation to seek after God. They particularly struggle with the church’s perceived emphasis on areas like attendance, activities, and behaviour, which one interviewee described as “trying to disciple without love”.\n\n“Parents will ask their children not to play with their phones in church, but I see the same people shopping online during service. During altar call, they will go to the front, kneel down and sometimes cry but the next week they will be doing the same things again.”\n\nPrevailing culture raises difficult questions about the faith\n\nMost of our interviewees struggle greatly with the implications that societal trends and popular culture place on the espoused beliefs of Christianity. With the church often preferring to view sensitive issues like LGBTQ+ from a binary position of right and wrong, there is seldom space or permission given to explore alternative viewpoints. As such, they feel unequipped to engage on such issues when “secular” arguments appear to be much more nuanced and well thought through. This puts them in a sticky position because they live in a world where it is almost impossible to avoid conversations on such issues. With the strong “cancel culture” of this generation, there is also very strong pressure for them to conform to societal and cultural expectations if they do not wish to be rejected by their peers.\n\n“There’s a lot of pressure to support the LGBT narrative among my peers; if you don’t, you risk getting flamed. I had a professor who was gay and specifically asked me during class whether I support his views because he knew I was Christian.”\n\nTraditional forms of evangelism are perceived to be no longer effective\n\nBecause non-Christians often have many misconceptions about the church, they are wary of almost anything that is associated with the Christian faith. When asked about how they thought such misconceptions came about, many Gen Zs believed that it was the influence of social media and on-line forums. For example, an interviewee in lower secondary was questioned about the tendency of the church to belittle and oppress women. As such, the majority of Gen Zs do not engage in traditional forms of evangelism such as street evangelism, inviting their friends to church events, or even telling others about their faith because it is perceived that such activities will not result in the desired outcomes.\n\n“There’s a lot of misconceptions about Christianity. People think that it is very high-commitment, so the way we do church is actually a huge deterrent. There is not much love in church as well and it is obvious to them. They feel that ‘you want to bring me to church, but you don’t love me’.”\n\nThe four trends identified above are not meant to be seen as a critique of this generation’s spirituality or a review of the institutional church in Singapore. It is simply a reflection of what was shared with us during our interviews. It is not meant to further exacerbate the tensions between the generations but to invite honest conversations that we hope will lead to greater unity through deeper empathy for one another in the body of Christ.\n\nIf you are a Gen Z (aged 9 to 24 in 2021), please help us to validate our insights by taking a survey (about 10 minutes to complete) here:  https://form.typeform.com/to/ks1NFJht\n\nAlternatively, if you know someone in this generation who would be willing to participate in the survey, please help us by forwarding the link to them.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.968060314655304}
+{"content": "Interview Technique Techniques That You Can Try Before Hiring\n\n  • By:\n  • On:\nInterview Technique Techniques That You Can Try Before Hiring\n\nInterview technique refers to the skills and techniques that you use before, during, and after an interview to convince hiring managers that your are the right candidate for the position. Interviewing is an important part in the job search. If you adored this short article and you would certainly like to get additional information regarding star interview technique star interview format kindly see our page. Employers will only hire the best candidates for their job. A person must be qualified and meet all the hiring company requirements to be hired. There are many interview techniques that can help you improve your interview skills.\n\nPresenting a case study is an important interview technique. Also known as a “case interview”, it is also called “case study interview”. Use examples instead of stories when presenting a “case study interview”. Your potential employer should see how you solve real problems. It’s also a great idea to share something you have done that has had a significant impact on the position for my explanation which you are applying. Some common case studies presented during hiring include:\n\nAnother way to impress your employer is to tell them what you’ve done. When presented in this way, you show your leadership and managerial skills. You can use these interview techniques: Tell a story about a time when you were able successfully complete a task. You can tell a story about an important problem you solved, or how you helped others.\n\nThe interviewer will be most interested in your past experiences if you can describe them. This interview technique is extremely important because you can use it to demonstrate your prior experience. You can discuss the following topics in an interview: Your career progression, achievements in sports, volunteer work, and your high grades. Interviewers will also be impressed by your leadership and my explanation management skills if you mention how volunteering has impacted your life.\n\nInterviewers love to hear about your unique experiences and what makes you a great employee. The interviewers want to see that you have what it takes to be part of their team. Focus on the skills relevant to the job that you are applying for. You can also explain your past experience with technology in a job that requires you to be proficient in computers. If you were promoted as a management level, you can tell your interviewer about the leadership skills you used as a boss and as a coworker.\n\nA personal story is another effective way to present your qualifications. Keep stories brief and to the point. Interviewers appreciate candidates who can relate to their own experiences and answer questions more clearly. This is a great way of showing empathy for interviewers.\n\nA body language interview technique is also a common one that is overlooked. This is a way to show you are a great candidate. Interviewers want to be able to tell whether a candidate is honest and trustworthy or not. You should be confident in your body language and posture. Otherwise, you might look unconfident on the first interview.\n\nAsking questions that are based on stereotypes is a final technique for behavioral interviews. Asking questions about the hairstyle or marital status of a candidate is not a good idea. These types of questions do not relate to the position that you are hiring. Instead, focus your interviewing on the skills of the candidate, their unique qualities, and how they will benefit your company.\n\nA video interview is a great option when interviewing potential candidates. Video interviews allow you to speak with candidates in the comfort of your home, at times when it is convenient for you. Interviews can be conducted online without the hassle of in-person interviewing. Video interviews can be scheduled when candidates have a busy schedule. Candidates can also rewind portions of the interview to review certain areas or listen to key information.\n\nOne common interview technique that most people do not think to use is a phone interview. Although many companies have an in-house human resource department that is responsible for conducting job interviews, many times it is cheaper and easier to outsource this task. As with all interview techniques, a professional should be hired to conduct a telephone interview. You should ensure that you get excellent service and professionalism from the company you hire to do your phone interview.\n\nSome of the common interview questions that are often asked to include the answers to: how long have you worked for this company, what are your strengths and weaknesses, what makes you different from other applicants, what are your chances of getting the job, and how would you benefit from a hiring manager’s assistance? Candidates may find this type of job interview very intimidating. Candidates need to realize that they will be answering questions via a computer and could encounter resistance from the hiring managers. This should be expected. When candidates answer the questions ahead of time, they will be able to practice appropriate speaking skills, and will feel more comfortable during the phone interview.\n\nWhen you liked this post and you want to get more info concerning star interview technique star interview format i implore you to pay a visit to the web-page.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9147179126739502}
+{"content": "Yesterday, I had the opportunity to attend a Q & A with actress Juliette Binoche at the SVA Theatre. I found a lot of her comments insightful and was struck by her independent approach. She kept stressing that as an actress, she has to be in charge of herself, of her own experience, rather than look to, say, a director to make or break that experience.\n\nI think the same can be said of our health. It’s so easy to blame Others or the Media or Work—or if not blame them, to let those influences dictate how we take care of ourselves. We put all these things before our own health. For example, people might skimp on sleep and exercise because they have a demanding schedule, or perhaps a girl sees pictures of actresses and models in magazines and thinks she has to look like that.\nHow can you perform, though, if you are not in good physical, mental and emotional shape? How can you take care of others if you don’t take care of yourself? I believe that health begins on the inside. If you feel good, you look good.\nPersonally, I think there exists a link between the increasing pressure to be thin and the rise in obesity and overweight in general. What I believe is that, in an attempt to fit the mold, people lose touch with their own bodies, their own internal cues.\nI know I struggle with this sometimes. I constantly have to remind myself that I follow a plan that is specifically for me. I am responsible for myself and need to treat myself well and think positively so that I can act positively and treat others well. For example, when I go to a restaurant, if I’m hungry, I eat a piece of bread and dip it in olive oil, ignoring a dining companion who waves the basket away and talks about watching their carbs. Or, if I’m not hungry, feeling okay about not having bread while the person across from me shovels it in.\nThis is easier said than done of course. Enjoying a big juicy veggie burger with cheese while a friend picks at a salad can require a lot of mantra-repeating. When it comes down to it, though, your body is your body—no one else’s—and it’s your responsibility to take care of it and to meet your own needs, not to worry about how your needs compare to others. There’s room for all of us.\nIt may not sell as many magazine copies, but I think that should be headline-worthy. Tune in and listen, you know?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6801350712776184}
+{"content": "The Standard Model of Particle Physics is considered by many to be the most advanced description of the universe ever conceived by man. The brightest minds of the last century, billions of dollars, and countless hours have gone into the creation of this elegant and baffling table of particles. But this cutting edge model of the universe is not new. It’s well over two thousand years old, and it was not even discovered by a scientist. The Standard Model owes its conceptual origin to the renowned ancient Greek thinker, Plato.\n\nPlato was a philosopher who lived around the year 400 BC. He studied under  Socrates, and was the teacher of Aristotle.\n\nIn Plato's book, The Republic, he introduces the idea of The Good and describes it using the Divided Line. The Divided Line is a system of four sections culminating in a final truth. In this case, the four sections are images, observable things, mathematical models, and ideal forms; with the final truth being the idea of The Good. Between observable things and mathematical models on the Divided Line there is a Bold Line. This Bold Line represents the boundary that one crosses from the observable world to the world of thought and reason. Reality is left behind and a more abstract existence is revealed. The levels of the Divided Line will be broken down after introducing the Standard Model.\n\nThe Standard Model\n\nThe Standard Model of particle physics has been arranged to resemble the periodic table of elements. There are four main columns, each column containing quarks and leptons. The first column represents the beginning of the Standard Model, and contained the fundamental particles that scientists believed composed all matter in the universe. To search for these fundamental particles, scientists of the 20th century built large particle colliders capable of charging up individual particles to extreme amounts of energy and colliding them together in fantastic explosions of matter. The bits and pieces of each of these explosions were captured in data form and mathematically analyzed in hopes that their theories regarding the first column of the standard model would be confirmed.\n\nThe first column of the Standard Model was found, along with an unexpected second column of mirrored particles. These mirrored particles were very similar to those of the first column; however, they were much more massive, unstable, and energized than the particles of the first column. The second column of mirrored particles became known as the second generation particles of the Standard Model. Not to be deterred, physicists then built larger particle colliders that could fling bits of matter together at even higher energy levels. Lo and behold, a third-generation of particles were observed in the debris of these explosions. This third generation of particles was even larger and even more unstable than the second generation of particles. These particles were so large and unstable that they ceased to be mathematically possible; the current formulas of the Standard Model suggested that the third generation particles were too massive and unstable to exist.\n\nA fourth column was added to the standard model in an attempt to rationalize the first three columns. The fourth column contains interacting particles, also called Gauge Bosons. These interacting particles are responsible for the basic interactions of matter in the universe. When matter is not being flung around at high energy levels by colliders, it tends to interact via the interacting particles of the fourth column. In the fourth column of the standard model, you will find perhaps more familiar particles such as the gluon, photon, and bosons. Unlike the other columns of the Standard Model, the Gauge Bosons actually have mass, allowing them to interact directly with the fundamental forces.\n\nFinally, in order to fix the strangeness of the second and third generations of particles, the idea of the Higgs boson was proposed. In order to have these fantastically large and unstable particles in existence, it was speculated that there is a universal field which permeates all of the universe. This field is what transmits the particles and allows them to have mass, exist, and interact with one another. Finally, after building yet bigger particle colliders, the elusive Higgs boson was also found.\n\nIf one turns the Standard Model of particle physics ninety degrees counterclockwise, making the columns into rows and placing the Higgs boson at the top of the rows, we find the Divided Line. In Plato's Divided Line, each row had certain characteristics. The first row was characterized as images. Images were not true representations of reality, but were rather impressions or shadows of reality. They were not fact, they were the representation of fact. The second row of the Divided Line was characterized as objects or sensible things. This row contains all that we come into contact with using the five senses. Whether it be a door, a chair, a table, a car, a phone, or even a person, these are objects. Objects can be sensed directly as physical things. Moving to the third row of the Divided Line crosses the boundary between reality and something else. The third row of the Divided Line consists of mathematical models or forms, and was a more precise version of the second row. Observable things were but shadows of the mathematical thing. The true chair or the true phone or the true person can be represented as a mathematical model. Finally, the fourth row of the Divided Line represents the perfect thing; the ideal form. Whereas the mathematical model was more precisely true than the observable object, the ideal form is the perfect version of what is represented by the mathematical model. The ideal forms completely transcend mathematical models and begin to capture ideas, such as Justice, Love, and Hate. The distinctions between the rows become more nuanced as you proceed up the Divided Line. The final jump on the Divided Line, the jump from the fourth row to the idea of The Good, is truly inexpressible. The idea of The Good is somehow a more perfect, more accurate, truer version of the ideal forms.\n\nThe four rows of the Divided Line and the four columns of the Standard Model are symmetric in many key ways. In the first column/row, we find the most basic and simple parts of the universe; the quarks and leptons of the first column are but images of the second generation of particles. In the second column/row, we find observable objects and the second generation of particles. This pairing is especially apt because both observable things and the second generation of particles are the most accurate things which can be measured and predicted physically.  When the Bold Line is crossed into the third column/row, the completely knowable and real are left behind. Mathematical models and the third generation of particles are alike, impossibilities except in conception. The fourth column/row contains ideal forms, or the perfect models and the interacting particles. Here exists the true or the truest version of everything that has come before. The Higgs boson and the idea of The Good take the place of universal truths, the answer to all previous questions, the that for the sake of which.\n\nThe Divided Line describes the Standard Model of particle physics, and the standard model of particle physics fits naturally on the Divided Line. One might call the standard model of particle physics the ultimate product of pure scientific method, while one might call the Divided Line the ultimate product of pure reasoning. The fact that the scientific method and reason came to the same conclusion about the nature of the universe is revealing. But, do the similarities between the products of reason and method justify their acceptance? Are both the Standard Model and the Divided Line true? Do they accurately describe reality and whatever lies beyond reality? Furthermore, what else might be described using the Standard Model or the Divided Line? Is this system of thought a universal way of categorizing information and ideas? The only way to answer these questions is through rigorous testing, experimentation, and thorough mental examination.\n\nThe astute observer will notice that the same methods which created these systems are required to test and prove them. This suggests that, at a high level, the truth or logic of these systems is circularly defined. A better proof for these systems would be reached using a third, unrelated system of truths. An inquiring mind should gather its own truth, its own perspective, its own belief, and use that to test the Divided Line and the Standard Model. This exercise is challenging, and potentially profound.\n\nIf the truth as perceived by an individual mind is shown to be symmetrical with the truths of both the Divided Line and the Standard Model, this suggests a uniformity between the personal and the universal. If reality, as perceived from a single perspective, is shown to be accurate when compared to reality from the corporate, ancient, and scientifically rigorous perspectives, then it is possible that truth in an absolute sense may exist.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7749472856521606}
+{"content": "\n\nBehav Sci (Basel). 2017 Jul 11;7(3):44. doi: 10.3390/bs7030044.\n\n\nDietary interventions are the cornerstone of obesity treatment. The optimal dietary approach to weight loss is a hotly debated topic among health professionals and the lay public alike. An emerging body of evidence suggests that a higher level of adherence to a diet, regardless of the type of diet, is an important factor in weight loss success over the short and long term. Key strategies to improve adherence include designing dietary weight loss interventions (such as ketogenic diets) that help to control the increased drive to eat that accompanies weight loss, tailoring dietary interventions to a person's dietary preferences (and nutritional requirements), and promoting self-monitoring of food intake. The aim of this paper is to examine these strategies, which can be used to improve adherence and thereby increase the success of dietary weight loss interventions.\n\nKeywords: adherence; appetite; diet-reducing; obesity.\n\nPublication types\n\n  • Review", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9984245300292969}
+{"content": "WE ARE ONE - Everything Is Energy\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWhat is an Empath? Are you an Empath?\n\n\nDo you pick up on the vibes of a room, the moment you walk in?  Can you almost always tell when someone is lying? Do you just generally have A LOT of feelings? You're probably an empath. You may be familiar with the spectrum of personality types between introverts and extroverts, but empaths are a whole other type of personality you may not know about.\n\n\nIntuition and perceptiveness are some of the core dimensions of being empathic. Many emotionally gifted individuals are also endowed with a high level of empathy, and when this is combined with emotional strengths and velocity, it can seem as though every day you are fluttering through not just your own, but also other people and even the world’s feelings - hence the term - we are one.\n\n\n\n\nA hyper-empathic person is someone who is extremely sensitive to the emotions and energy of people, animals, and to the elements in the environment. They are acutely aware of the feeling tones, nuance, subtexts and energy current of their surroundings. Their senses are so acute that they feel as though they 'absorb' others' emotions beyond their conscious control. In its extremity, this ability can even seem mystical.\n\n\nEmpaths are hypersensitive people who experience a high level of compassion, consideration, and understanding towards others. Their intense empathy creates a tuning fork effect, wherein the empath seems to actually \"feel\" the emotions of the people around them. Many empaths are unaware of how this works; they may have simply accepted long ago that they are sensitive to others.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nEmpaths Sense Deep Emotions\n\n\n\nRachel Lynette French\n\nAs an Empath, When you are among a group of people, you feel as though you ‘absorb' the energy in a room.\nEven when the reason is not apparent, you have a strong sense of ‘knowing’ that there is more to a story than what meets the eyes. \nWhen a friend is upset, you feel it too; You feel others’ emotions in your own body and mind as though they belong to you. \nYou can read between the lines, beyond the obvious and under the surface of what is going on in a social situation.\nSometimes you are emotionally drained by crowds and require time alone to rejuvenate after being in a group. \nYour nerves get frayed by noise, smells, or excessive talking- especially when what is going on is not engaging for you. \nYou see through hypocrisies and lies, and incongruence affects you so much that you feel compelled to point out the truths or to take actions. \nYou easily or automatically take on the mannerisms, accents, and body language of others without consciously doing so. \nAt work or in relationships, you feel you need to learn how to say no without feeling guilty or to set more explicit boundaries to preserve your inner resources. \nAs you tend to take on so much, sometimes you are afraid of becoming swamped by the needs of others or feeling engulfed by friendships or intimate relationships.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nKnowing Oneself Is Important\n\n\n\nAt times, it may be difficult to distinguish one's own feelings from those of others. This is especially true when it comes to pain and suffering, which can be emotionally or physically demanding on someone who's empathic. For this reason, empaths can become reclusive at times simply because the outside world can be a great drain on their personal energy.\n\n\n\n\nWithin our beautiful and limitless brains there are a set of amazing and loving neurons known as the mirror neurons. Mirror neurons allow us to feel into other people not through conceptual reasoning but direct neurological activities.\n\n\nThese cells create a neuro-physical link between us and other people, so when we observe someone else doing something, the same regions in our brain which would’ve been involved become activated. \n\n\nEmpathy happens when this applies to our feelings. Just seeing another person’s emotions would automatically activate the same somatic responses in us. This phenomenon is also known as ‘neural resonance’ or brain-to-brain coupling. Mirror neurons are present in us from birth; we know this when we hear one crying infant setting off a wave of other crying infants in a hospital ward.   \n\n\nNeuropsychological findings have confirmed that humans empathize with each other to different degrees and it is likely that people who are hyper-empathic have more a more active mirror-neutron system when compared to the norm.\n\n\nThe mirror neurons system can be over or under-active, depending on a myriad of factors.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nEmpathy has both biological and spiritual aspects. Many people believe that empathy is genetic and passed from generation to generation. It is studied both by traditional science and alternative healing practitioners. \n\n\n\n\nPatrick Tomasso\n\n\nHow Empathy Works\n\nEverything has an energetic vibration or frequency and an empath is able to sense these vibrations. From an esoteric perspective, the ability to pick up on others’ feelings viscerally is related to psychic abilities.\n\nThey can recognize even the subtlest changes that are undetectable to the naked eye or the five senses.\n\n\n\n\nFor example, hate often brings about an intense feeling that immediately accompanies the word. The word hate becomes strengthened with the speaker's feeling. It is that person's feelings (energy) that are picked up by empaths, whether the words are spoken, thought, or just felt without verbal or bodily expression.\n\n\nWho Are Empaths?\n\nEmpaths are often poets in motion. They are the born writers, singers, and artists with a high degree of creativity and imagination, so the artistic community is filled with them. They are known for many talents as their interests are varied, broad, and continual. They often have interests in many cultures and view them with a broad-minded perspective.\n\n\nMore and more people are becoming aware that humanity has reached a critical stage in its evolution.  What we see now in our environmental, economical and political spheres reveals a pattern of civilization collapse. Instinctively we know that our materialistic and self-serving worldview has reached its limit. Our highly fragmented, superficial culture have little to help us feed our soul’s cries, and the answers we desperately need lies in our inter-connectedness as humans - hence the beautiful term - we are one. \n\n\nEmpaths encompass all walks of life and span every culture across the globe. You can find empaths within your family, neighborhood, workplace, and the broader community. There is no single defining gender, career, personality, or any other label that we can place on empaths in general, they are everywhere and can be anyone.\n\n\nThese are the listeners of life. Empaths are often problem solvers, thinkers, and studiers of many things. As far as empaths are concerned, where there is a problem, there is also an answer. They will often search until they find one — if only for peace of mind.\n\n\n\n\nEmpaths Sense and Read Others\n\nEmpaths often possess the ability to sense others on many different levels. From their position in observing what another is saying, feeling, and thinking, they come to understand that person.\n\n\nDaniele Levis Pelusi\n\nIn many ways, the empathically gifted has no choice but to respond to the summon to be the game-changers of the world. Endowed with the sensibility to feel into the world,  to see things penetratively and the compulsion to take action, they must channel this energy outward. If these abilities or qualities are stifled or suppressed, they will experience a physical and psychological internal collapse, manifesting self as physical pain and sadness, existential guilt, depression, and chronic emptiness. \n\n\nAn empath can become a dumping ground for everyone else’s issues and problems, which, if they’re not careful, can end up as their own. It is not uncommon for an empath to be told an entire life story by perfect strangers in a matter of minutes. People, animals, and children are drawn to empaths like magnets. It's as if the empath is a sudden sounding and solution board for other people's issues, problems, or opinions. \n\n\n\nThey can also become very proficient at reading another person's body language and may intently study their eye movements. While this in itself is not empathy, it is something that stems from being observant of others. In a sense, empaths have a complete communication package.\n\n\nEmpaths Are Good Listeners\n\nEmpaths are often very affectionate in personality and expression, so they are great listeners and counselors. They will find themselves helping others and often putting their own needs aside to do so. This is why we find so many empaths in careers connected with compassion, such as healers, clergy, counselors, and caregivers.\n\n\nIn the same breath, they can be much the opposite. They may be quiet and withdrawn from the outside world as they tend to be the listeners rather than the talkers. Empaths may include loners, those who are depressed or neurotic, life's daydreamers, or even narcissists.\n\n\nEmpaths Connect With Nature\n\nEmpaths are often passionate towards nature and respect its bountiful beauty. One will frequently find empaths enjoying the outdoors, whether that is a walk on the sunny beach or a stroll in the rainy woods.\n\n\n\n\nSome empaths are more drawn to certain elements of nature, such as water. One might find herself attracted more towards ponds, rivers, or oceans as a place of peace. Others may feel more of a connection to the mountains or the deserts.\n\n\nAnimals are often dear to the heart of empaths as well. It is not as a power object but as a natural love. It is not uncommon for empaths to have more than one pet in their homes. Stereotypes like \"the crazy cat lady\" or the animal communicator are often filled with emphatic souls.\n\n\n\nEmpaths Are Peacemakers\n\nEmpaths have a tendency to openly feel what is outside of them more so than what is inside of them. This can cause empaths to ignore their own needs. In general, an empath is non-violent, non-aggressive, and leans more towards being the peacemaker.\n\n\n\n\n\nIf any harsh words are expressed in defending themselves, they will likely resent their lack of self-control. The preference is to peacefully resolve the problem promptly.\n\n\n\n\n\nEmpaths Can Be Overwhelmed by Media\n\nEmpaths are sensitive to TV, videos, movies, news, and broadcasts. Violence or emotional dramas depicting shocking scenes of physical or emotional pain inflicted on adults, children, or animals can easily bring an empath to tears. At times, they may feel physically ill or choke back the tears.\n\n\nSome empaths will struggle to comprehend any such cruelty. They will have grave difficulty in expressing themselves in the face of another's ignorance, closed-mindedness, and obvious lack of compassion. They simply cannot justify the suffering they feel and see.\n\n\nEmpaths have a unique ability to pick up other people's emotional energy and take it on as their own. This can occur whether an empath is near a person, far from a person, or just thinking of a person—distance is not an issue here.\n\n\nBruno Ramos Lara\n\nAny place that contains too much energy can be a miserable place for an empath. Because of their ability to absorb other's energies, places like shopping malls, concert venues, grocery stores, traffic jams, hospitals, retirement homes, even thrift stores, garage sales and graveyards can be unbearable. \n\n\nEmpaths Are Compassionate Safe Havens\n\nPeople of all walks of life, as well as animals, are attracted to the warmth and genuine compassion of empaths. Regardless of whether others are aware that someone's empathic, people are naturally drawn to them as a metal object is to a magnet.\n\n\nEven complete strangers find it easy to talk to empaths about the most personal things. Before they know it, they have poured out their hearts and souls without intending to do so consciously. It is as though on a sub-conscious level that person knows instinctively that empaths would listen with compassionate understanding.\n\n\nOnce the empathic souls have owned their unique life path and qualities, they will realise the gifts of living a congruent life: It is through our meetings with each other that we learn to be tender with sadness, be compassionate with the dark, be tolerant in the face of uncertainty and be humble with glory.  By aligning themselves with a bigger purpose, they will also find the strengths and peace that carry them through. \n\n\n\n\n\n\nAbove all, embrace your ability. People of all walks of life, as well as animals and children, are attracted to the warmth and genuine compassion of empaths. Others may not be aware that someone is an empath, but they will still be drawn to them as a metal object is to a magnet!\n\n\n\nSending you vibrations of peace love and light on your incredible and amazing journey.\n\n\n\n  • Help it feels as if Im losing what Mind I have left.\n\n  • that is so beautiful\n\n  • Great article very thorough Check out vital mind psychology on Youtube Its called 3 types of Empaths it is Powerful he’s MD thanks again\n\n\nLeave a comment\n\nName .\nMessage .", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7268279790878296}
+{"content": "Start a new topic\n\nImportOmatic supports Consent records and GDPR compliance\n\nIf you haven't heard, the European Union is implementing increased privacy and communication consent laws under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that takes effect in May of 2018.  GDPR will apply to any organizations interacting with European residents, and Blackbaud is treating its supporting update to Raiser's Edge functionality as a world-wide feature.  \n\nWhen your organization updates Raiser's Edge to version 7.96 Patch 8, you will have the ability to add Consent records to your constituents, including supporting business rules and code table functionality.  There are a few related features, such as global changes, import, and query, that will not be available in Raiser's Edge until some time this spring.  \n\nThat's where ImportOmatic can help!  With versions and higher of ImportOmatic, you can import Consent records!  \n\nBefore starting, know your organization's strategy \n\nIf you haven't done so already, you need to sit down as a team to understand your strategy for GDPR compliance (if applicable) and how RE's new Consent records fit into that plan. It's possible that you'll need sign-off from other teams at your organization, or even your board, before implementing new business processes. \n\nIf you're using Consent records, we think the following steps will be helpful:\n\n1. Find out when your database will be updated to 7.96 patch 8   \n\nBlackbaud Hosting is updating data centers one at a time, then the update will be made available for non-hosted organizations. To ensure you receive notification of the updates, check your Blackbaud Subscription Preferences \n\n\n2. Configure Consent in Raiser's Edge \n\nOnce you're on 7.96 patch 8, you'll be able to start configuring all of the settings related to Consent.  This how-to page will guide you through those settings.   \n\n3. Practice adding Consent to a test record in RE manually\n\nAdding a record manually is a great way to make sure you've setup all of your business rules and code tables correctly.  Plus, it helps you think through what fields will be needed in your import.\n\n4. Prepare and test your ImportOmatic data file and profile\n\n- Confirm that all Consent fields you want/need are accounted for in either the file or virtual fields.\n\n- Confirm that all Consent values match RE (or are translated to RE-approved values via dictionary)\n\nTest your import with a small set of records and verify the results. RE does not allow for query/global change based on Consent yet, so rectifying a large group of incorrectly-imported records will require either reverting to a backup copy or manually removing each record. \n\nFrequently Asked Questions:\n\nWhat happens if you don't have the fields and values correct in the import?\n\nScenario 1: Fields don't match a business rule\n\nRaiser's Edge will add the Consent record without adding/removing the solicit codes properly.  This bug will be fixed in a future patch to Raiser's Edge.\n\n\nScenario 2: Optional fields are blank (ex: Category)\n\nIf your business rules include a set to account for \"blank\" Category, the rules will apply properly. If your business rules do not include a set to account for a \"blank\" Category, and your import does not contain a Category value, Raiser's Edge will add a consent record without applying a business rule at all.  It essentially treats an unexpectedly missing/blank Category the same as Scenario 1 above.  This bug will also be fixed in a future patch to Raiser's Edge.\n\nScenario 3: Required fields are missing/blank\n\nThere are three required fields: Channel, Consent Date, and Response.  If any of these fields are missing/blank, the import exception message will let you know which field needs correction:\n\n\"Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'CHANNEL'...\"\n\n\"Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'CONSENT_DATE'...\"\n\n\"Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'RESPONSE'...\"\n\nWhat if I need to import more than one type of Consent record to a constituent?\n\nYou can!  You may either include multiple rows of data per constituent, or you may map multiple Consent records using field grouping (like relationships, actions, etc.)\n\nWhat if I need to edit an existing Consent record? \n\nRaiser's Edge does not allow an existing Consent record to be edited, by design.  Supervisor users can delete the incorrect Consent record manually.  Global correction functionality will be added in a future update to Raiser's Edge.\n\nCan I add Consent records to (nonconstituent) List Management records?\n\nYes!  You can add Consent to any of your List Management profiles, just make sure to follow the same preparatory steps for Raiser's Edge that we've outlined above.\n\nFor more information about this and other ImportOmatic improvements, make sure to follow the ImportOmatic Updates forum!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5510141849517822}
+{"content": "Political stability possible in a year with MoU\n\nIt now has ample time to shift its focus to fully manage Covid-19 and set a path for economic recovery, says Mazlan\n\n\nIT WOULD take a year for the country to reach political stability following the memorandum of understanding (MoU) signed between the government and Pakatan Harapan (PH), as both quarters are now focused on cooperating for the benefit of the people.\n\nUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia senior lecturer (political study) Dr Mazlan Ali said the MoU will lessen the politicking that the country has endured while battling the pandemic.\n\nAs the MoU stated that the government will not put a motion to dissolve the Parliament before July 31, 2022, Mazlan said it now has ample time to shift its focus to fully manage Covid-19 and set a path for economic recovery.\n\n“I believe with less politicking, the country can achieve political stability within a year because both sides have agreed to cooperate and build an understanding through the MoU.\n\n“This means that both sides will work together in matters that involve the interests of the people and the country,” he told The Malaysian Reserve yesterday.\n\nHe said with the support from MPs under PH, Prime Minister Datuk Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob’s administration is unlikely to face problems in getting approvals for bills that are put forward in the Dewan Rakyat.\n\n“Any reforms that the government wants to table would be able to achieve a two-third majority and therefore this MoU makes it easier to implement reforms,” he added.\n\nWith the MoU, Mazlan did not discount the possibility of a new political coalition ahead of the 15th General Election (GE15) although it largely depends on the outcome of the cooperation.\n\nHe said both political blocs may find compatibility as they cooperate based on the inked agreement.\n\n“They may reach a consensus on several aspects which could lead to a new form of agreement.\n\n“It is not impossible that they could form a new coalition for GE15 which will be determined from the outcome of this MoU,” he added.\n\nBoth parties have signed an MoU on Monday dubbed as the Political Transformation and Stability MoU, which outlines six key areas that both political blocs will cooperate on.\n\nThe six key areas in the MoU include enhancing the Covid-19 plan, administrative transformation, parliamentary reform, judiciary independence, Malaysia Agreement 63 and the formation of a steering committee.\n\nAmong the details of the MoU which were made available to the public stated that parliamentary reform must be done immediately which includes a balanced representation from the government and opposition in the parliamentary select committee.\n\nIt also stated that the formation of a steering committee which must consist of 10 members whereby five of them are government representatives chosen by the PM while the other five represent the Opposition bloc.\n\nThe MoU also stated that both parties will make a three-month exemption for interest payments of the loan moratoriums for the bottom 50% of the population in the fourth quarter of the year.\n\nMeanwhile, Umno information chief Shahril Hamdan (picture) said the MoU is not a cooperation on sharing of power between the government and PH, and it is far from upholding the latter to lead the country.\n\nInstead, the agreement was made to achieve political stability for the time being.\n\n“I believe the Opposition will still play its role to criticise and provide check and balance to the government.\n\n“As for the government, the understanding does not mean it eliminates any differences between the parties nor does it mean sharing of power on any decision.\n\n“The final call on any policy still lies with the government and the opposition understands this,” he said in a statement yesterday.\n\nDAP secretary general Lim Guan Eng said the most significant institutional reform under the MoU is the Anti-Hopping Law, as well as the reduction of the voting age to 18 and implementation of the 1964 Malaysia Agreement.\n\nHe said DAP is well aware that the MoU signing in the current political climate is “not ideal” especially when it has to deal with a political opponent which he claimed had no commitment towards political reforms.\n\n“However, PH and DAP are willing to try to force them to carry out these reforms and at the same time follow our plans to save lives and livelihoods by leveraging on their fears of losing power by another internal coup from their fragmented government,” said Lim.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9982661604881287}
+{"content": "When writing a research paper, it is essential that you get a how to write 300 on a check solid foundation of understanding to start with. The most successful research papers fulfill the main goal of increasing readers’ awareness of a particular topic. It also accurately, comprehensively, and properly conveys unbiased info regarding the subject: advice which, naturally, should include precise evidence to support its thesis. In order for you in order to accomplish this you should make sure that your research is thorough and comprehensive. This usually means you should make certain you’ve collected as many details, information, and testimonials as possible.\n\nThere are two main explanations for why people compose a research document. Step one is to supply relevant information to your reader. The other explanation is to establish a stage in a short time period. Irrespective of which reason you pick, in case your research paper does not have an impressive quality, you may miss out on potential factors.\n\nBefore writing any study papers, it is very important to make certain you fully grasp the concept of research . Research papers, as their name suggests, are based on study. Thus, you must always understand how the various types of search work and what you are interested in in it.\n\nThere are many types of basic research. However, the two most common and productive sources of study are textbooks and research articles. Textbooks are the most widely used source of information. As such, your research document should incorporate some text book information and examples that support the subjects contained in the textbook. If you can’t find a few, you can consult with other sources. In terms of research posts, they tend to get written about specific topics or subjects and have extensive amounts of information about them.\n\nAs a part of your research documents, you should also try to consider the type of audience you are attempting to achieve. The crowd is defined by several things. They could be teachers, students, or investigators. Each of these audiences has its own unique needs, needs, and needs. So as to write your research documents efficiently, it’s crucial you know the sort of audience you’re attempting to achieve.\n\nWhen you’ve composed your basic research papers and you are pleased with the results, now you can start writing your research documents. Once you’ve finished your research, it is important to read it completely. The purpose of this step is to ensure that you have completely understood everything. Bear in mind, however, that your study also has to be clear and brief. All information contained should be accurate and precise. In addition, it must also be presented nicely.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999575614929199}
+{"content": "All the hidden details in the jewellery featured on ‘Bridgerton,’ and what it means for each character\n\nDaphne Bridgerton is seen wearing simple, but elegant jewellery on ‘Bridgerton.’ LIAM DANIEL/NETFLIX\n  • The first season of Netflix’s hit series “Bridgerton” is filled with lavish parties and balls.\n  • The characters wear their finest clothes and jewellery in every episode.\n  • Costume designer Ellen Mirojnick told Insider about the meaning behind each character’s jewellery.\n  • Visit Insider’s homepage for more stories.\n\nWarning: Spoilers ahead for “Bridgerton.”\n\nNetflix’s latest streaming sensation “Bridgerton,” is filled with lavish parties, sprawling mansions, and fancy outfits.\n\nSet in 1800s London, the series follows its characters as they navigate romantic entanglements and the city’s hectic social scene, all while the shadowy Lady Whistledown distributes leaflets filled with the latest society gossip.\n\nViewers have particularly loved dissecting the elegant fashion on “Bridgerton,” which was filled with hidden meanings.\n\nRead more:\nHere’s where every major character ended up on the season 1 finale of ‘Bridgerton’\n\nEllen Mirojnick, the show’s costume designer, told Insider that the whole idea behind the show was to add an “aspirational approach” to the Regency era, a real period in history from 1811 to 1820 that saw wealthy, upper-class British families socialising for the approximately six months each “social season” lasted every year, attending dinner parties, concerts, and balls in London.\n\n“The overall concept of the show was taking regency and adding a modern twist to it, and really colouring it to be a vibrant, fresh, and new approach to Regency,” Mirojnick said.\n\nBecause costume choices were so meaningful, we decided to speak with Mirojnick about the significance and hidden meaning in the eye-catching jewellery the characters are seen wearing in each episode.\n\nDaphne, the first season’s protagonist, frequently wears a small diamond on a chain, which is reflective of her “elegant” and “refined” character, according to Mirojnick.\n\nDaphne Bridgerton. Netflix\n\nDaphne Bridgerton, played by Phoebe Dynevor, is the oldest daughter in the highly-esteemed Bridgerton family who makes her debut in London society in the first episode. The first half of the season is dedicated to her search for a husband, and the second half explores her rocky marriage to Simon Basset, the Duke of Hastings, played by Regé-Jean Page.\n\nIn a social season filled with fancy balls and dinner where dressing to impress is mandatory, Daphne is often wearing beautiful earrings, necklaces, and tiaras.\n\nMirojnick characterises Daphne’s style as “finite, refined, and simple” and calls Daphne a “complex” character who is innocent and not as worldly as she might initially come across.\n\n“The size of pieces could never overwhelm her, she’s so delicate and so fine-boned,” Mirojnick told Insider. “It just dictated the smallest, most delicate of stones in her necklace if she was to wear something.”\n\nIf her personal style is defined by simplicity, the necklace that the prince gifts her is “the other extreme,” Mirojnick says. Daphne takes the necklace off in a dramatic scene.\n\nThe necklace Frederick gifted Daphne. Netflix\n\nFrederick, the Prince of Prussia, played by Freddie Stroma, joins the storyline as one of Daphne’s potential suitors. In the fourth episode, he gifts her a necklace with large diamonds before proposing marriage to her.\n\nIn a dramatic sequence, Daphne is seen leaving a ball midway through the prince’s proposal and taking the necklace off. We never see it again.\n\nInsider reporter Monica Humphries previously wrote that Reddit users noticed the necklace’s disappearance from the plot and its removal is symbolic that the relationship doesn’t progress beyond that point.\n\n“It has become clear that the necklace represented the prince himself, an extremely valuable gift that was tossed to the side for no other reason except it wasn’t the right fit for Daphne no matter the beauty,” Reddit user Society101 explained.\n\nEven when she becomes a duchess, Daphne’s jewellery stays the same, which is a nod to her “precise” and “specific” style, according to Mirojnick.\n\nDaphne is seen wearing her signature, simple necklace. Netflix\n\nAfter marrying the Duke, Daphne goes from being a sought-after debutante to a duchess, but with minimal changes to the jewellery she is seen wearing.\n\n“All of her gowns, all of her pieces are so precisely designed and quite simple that just because she became the duchess, didn’t mean to us ‘ok, let’s bring out the family jewellery,'” Mirojnick told Insider.\n\nMirojnick felt it would be “bad storytelling” to have Daphne suddenly wear a lot of jewellery and that it “never felt organic.”\n\n“For example, if she showed up with half of the family jewels in one of the scenes at the Hastings house, you’d think something was going to happen,” Mirojnick said. “Because she had come from being so simple, right? And it wasn’t good storytelling.”\n\nOn the other hand, the Featherington women constantly wear opulent jewellery, and it serves as a commentary on the busy social scene of the period.\n\nThe Featheringtons. Netflix\n\n“Those ladies dressed every single moment of the day, and they dressed that way because they didn’t know who was going to come calling,” Mirojnick said.\n\nThe Featherington family consisted of the matriarch, Portia, her husband Archibald, and their three daughters, Prudence, Philipa, and Penelope.\n\nHumphries wrote that the “bright shades of yellow, pink, and green” of the Featheringtons’ wardrobe symbolized that they’re “outsiders” to the upper class.\n\nBut their jewellery, Mirojnick told Insider, “is not reflective of where they are in society, it is reflective of society [itself].”\n\nMirojnick called the Featheringtons’ jewellery and style “Versace-esque,” in a nod to the famed Italian fashion label known for its bold patterns and bright colours.\n\nThe Featherington girls accompanied by their mother. Liam Daniel/Netflix\n\nMirojnick said the family was “over-embellished” but had a “fashionable edge” in their looks.\n\nThe youngest Featherington daughter, Penelope, is often seen wearing jewellery shaped like flowers and butterflies to symbolise her young age compared to those around her.\n\nThroughout the show, Penelope is constantly wearing yellow. Liam Daniel/Netflix\n\nPenelope, played by Nicola Coughlan, is supposed to be only 17 years old on the show.\n\nAccording to Mirojnick, they wanted to keep the element of “being fresh” and young more apparent in her jewellery than her sisters’. They didn’t want to over embellish her and keep her pieces “light.”\n\n“We used enamel jewellery, and all of the enamel jewellery is either flowers or butterflies. We have little pieces of that in her hair as well,” Mirojnick said.\n\nPenelope might be young, but she’s also a complex character. Mirojnick told Insider that they gave her understated jewellery that wouldn’t distract from her expressions.\n\nPenelope Featherington on ‘Bridgerton.’ LIAM DANIEL/NETFLIX\n\n“Everything is very quiet in comparison to her sisters,” Mirojnick said while describing the jewellery Penelope is seen wearing on the show.\n\nThe viewers see many different sides of Penelope – with her best friend, Eloise, played by Claudia Jessie, with her boisterous and overbearing family, with the object of her affection, Colin, played by Luke Newton, and briefly, as Lady Whistledown.\n\nEloise Bridgerton’s noticeable lack of jewellery is an extension of her very vocal impatience for London society and the marriage market.\n\nClaudia Jessie plays Eloise Bridgerton on ‘Bridgerton.’ LIAM DANIEL/NETFLIX\n\nPenelope’s best friend, Eloise, is a Bridgerton but, unlike Daphne, she often wears a fancy cravat instead of a necklace.\n\nWhile having a conversation with Penelope in episode 4 about marriage prospects, Eloise remarks, “why must our only options be to squawk and settle or to never leave the nest? What if I want to fly?”\n\n“She would not be one to wear jewellery,” Mirojnick said.\n\nInstead, she wears well-tailored, slightly short dresses and soft cravats around her neck.\n\nOn the rare occasion that Eloise does wear jewellery, Mirojnick said, she’s either wearing family jewels or Daphne’s hand-me-downs.\n\nEloise Bridgerton in her family’s jewels. Netflix\n\nViewers see Eloise wearing jewellery for the first time in episode seven, which is the penultimate episode of the season.\n\nShe’s seen attending a performance with her family, but she is on a secret mission – to find a way to gain an audience with Queen Charlotte so she can share her latest discoveries in unmasking the secretive Lady Whistledown’s identity.\n\nMarina Thompson, a distant relative and guest of the Featherington family, is seen wearing a simple pendant with a central stone, or “eye,” which hints at her absentee lover.\n\nMarina Thompson. Netflix\n\nMarina, played by Ruby Barker, comes to stay with the Featherington family during the start of the social season and quickly attracts many suitors.\n\nHowever, viewers soon find out that she’s pregnant and her lover is away fighting in the Peninsular War in Spain.\n\nThe necklace she wears, Mirojnick explains, “is very significant.”\n\n“Women wore an eye when they were not with their love,” she told Insider. “They were not with them and it was keeping them close to their heart.”\n\nThe pendant sits on a simple gold chain and is encased with pearls.\n\nQueen Charlotte, as one would expect, is a commanding character. The tiaras, earrings, and necklaces she’s often seen wearing amplify that.\n\nQueen Charlotte on ‘Bridgerton.’ LIAM DANIEL/NETFLIX\n\n“More and more is better,” Mirojnick said of the queen, played by Golda Rosheuvel, who had the royal chest of jewels at her disposal.\n\nShe could wear diamonds, pearls, rubies, sapphires, and platinum whenever she liked and in whatever capacity she wanted to.\n\nMirojnick said they layered everything on until it didn’t look right, and when they got to that point, they took off pieces until they came up with a look they are happy with.\n\nThe queen had different wigs for each gown, and also specific jewellery pieces that went with each outfit.\n\nLady Danbury, who plays matchmaker for Simon and Daphne, is “an independent woman” who “has lived a life of her own,” so Mirojnick says they gave her jewellery pieces that are “all very strong.”\n\nAdjoa Andoh plays Lady Danbury on ‘Bridgerton.’ LIAM DANIEL/NETFLIX\n\nMirojnick says that her necklace of diamonds, “is solid, there is no air in it.”\n\n“There’s nothing very airy and romantic about her jewellery. It’s very strong and solid for the most part,” Mirojnick told Insider.\n\nLady Danbury is played by Ajoah Andoh.\n\nIn the ball featured in episode 4 that is decidedly less straitlaced than the ones that came before it, some of the attendees are seen wearing simple black chokers around their neck in lieu of necklaces.\n\nA ball attendee wearing a black choker. Netflix\n\n“That ball was so specific. not relating to any other ball and it was a very eccentric ball, so what that allowed was the freedom to try many different things,” Mirojnick said.\n\nAs far as plot points go, it’s also a significant ball as it involves an interrupted proposal and a forbidden dalliance in the garden. It ends with a promise to duel the following morning.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8628597259521484}
+{"content": "\n\nAircraft NPP Impact Simulation Methodology\n\nThe IAEA safety requirements imply that the design of nuclear power plants (NPP) considers both the potential technological disaster and acts of nature. One of the modern mandatory requirements of IAEA standard SRS 87 is to consider a possible massive commercial airplane crashing (APC) into or attacking NPP reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The basis for the methodology is well-validated RC structures modeling. LS-DYNA® constitutive models have been tested by solving a set of verification problems. Selected problems set describes different loading conditions and scales: single finite element study, quasi-static loading, low-speed impact, deformable missile impact, RC wall APC load, shock wave load, perforation by a kinetic missile. The following model parameters are examined: mesh convergence, contact algorithms work, immersed reinforcement coupling, nonlinear stability. The second part of the paper presents a universal method of APC events direct modeling based on the finite element method in the Euler formulation. The relations allowing to identify geometrical, strength, and mass parameters of the airplane finite element model by the given load curve and impact spot are developed. The model of the aircraft obtained in this way allows the transfer of loads on complex-shaped civil structures or when considering the impact at an angle to the surface, with great fidelity. The last part describes the simulation results processing and analysis procedure. Criteria for determining the strength based on the analysis of displacement, strain, and damage of both concrete and reinforcements are proposed. Approach to the evaluation of penetration, perforation, and fracture speed behind the barrier estimation is developed.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9917214512825012}
+{"content": "February 5, 2021\n\nMélanie Boucarut\n\nThings to do while you wait for your brain to catch up\n\nImposter’s syndrome: now you know it’s just your brain reacting to the unfamiliar. You need to double-down on the new activity to help it recognize that this new thing? Just part of your normal routine.\n\n“Oh that’s just lovely Mélanie”, I hear you say. “But in the meantime I’m still doubting myself; I'm still terrified to put myself out there. I procrastinate like a maniac. So what’s your magic pill against that, huh?!”\n\nThere there. I’ve got you there too.\n\nYour thoughts create your emotions. Your emotions drive your actions. If you want to do more of something that scares you, you need to create a better emotion. That means thinking better thoughts.\n\nRemind yourself of your purpose: “I’m learning how to do the job of my dreams”; “this is what I really want for myself”; “I’m all in, including when it’s tough.”\n\nDon’t compare, get inspired: “I’m standing on the shoulders of giants, that’s how I can see further”\n\nRemember that all is unfolding exactly as it should: “Imposter’s just means I’m growing out of my comfort zone”; “this (unpleasant) sensation is exactly how it feels like to be on the right track to my goal”; “no deposit, no return”; “discomfort is the currency of my dreams”.\n\nNo bad horses, only untrained riders 🐴\n\nDownload the file:\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8378661274909973}
+{"content": "1.2 Settlement\n\nsyllabus_link_buttonDescribe the patterns of rural settlements – dispersed, linear, nucleated.\n\n\nSettlements in their early stages tended to form in distinct patterns.\n\nDispersed: rural settlements with isolated dwellings/farmhouses, typical in agricultural settings.\n\nLinear: settlements that established along transport routes such as railways, roads and canals/rivers grew in a line alongside.\n\nNucleated: settlements that established around trade route junctions grew outwards along the roads and gradually filled in creating a more circular pattern.\n\n\nsyllabus_link_buttonExplain how physical factors (relief, soil, water supply) and other factors such as accessibility, agricultural land-use, influence the sites and patterns of rural settlements.\n\nMany factors influenced the site of settlements and these would vary in importance based on the purpose of the settlement.\n\n  • Flat land: makes building, establishing transport routes and farming crops much easier.\n  • Fertile soils: important for settlements to be able to sustain themselves\n  • Freshwater supply: essential for drinking but also necessary for cooking and washing.  Successful settlements were often build close to rivers where water was available but without standing stagnant water (marshland).\n  • Building materials: wood or stone were often required to be close by as a material to build with.\n  • Defensive: settlements would look for high ground with uninterrupted views to enable sighting of enemies approaching.\n\n\nsyllabus_link_buttonDescribe and explain the factors which may influence the size, growth and functions of rural and urban settlements.\n\nThe growth of cities has predominantly been determined by economic success.  Cities that established effective trade routes and supplied or traded goods in demand tended to experience rapid growth.  Workers and new industries would be attracted to these cities which in turn contributed to further success.\n\nDuring the industrial revolution in the UK the northern cities of Manchester, Sheffield and Newcastle rapidly expanded as they established textile, steel and shipbuilding industries.  Their location close to raw materials and sources of abundant power (coalfields) provided ideal conditions for factories.\n\nLondon had great trade links to Europe due to the River Thames, is built on flat land and surrounded by fertile plains.\n\nFor cities to successfully grow they needed sustainable freshwater supplies. Limited access to freshwater would ultimately limit the growth of urban areas.\n\n\nDescribe and suggest reasons for the hierarchy of settlements and services.\n\n\nSettlement Hierarchies\n\n\nA distinct hierarchy is evident when looking at the number and size of settlements in a country.  As settlements increase in size they decrease in number.\n\nHigh order/comparison goods: these are expensive, often luxury goods that people do not purchase frequently.  Examples would be high end fashion shops, luxury jewellers and car showrooms.\n\nHigh order products will generally only be found in the larger settlements as they are expensive, often specialist and demanded by a small percentage of the population. They need to have a large potential market and need to be close to high earners.\n\nLow order/convenience goods: these are products that people buy regularly are unlikely to invest time and money on shopping around comparing prices. Groceries, bread, milk, newspapers are examples.\n\nConvenience goods will be found in all sized settlements, as they are demanded by virtually everyone on a regular basis.  They will tend not to occupy the areas of high land values in the larger settlements though.\n\n\nsyllabus_link_buttonDescribe and explain the land-use zones of towns and cities to include the Central Business District (CBD), residential areas, industrial areas, the provision of open spaces and transport routes.  Differences in the patterns of urban structures in cities of LEDCs and MEDCs should be identified.\n\nCities often have complex structures and differing patterns of land use.  Models have been made to try and show generalised patterns of typical land use zoning.\n\nThe Concentric Ring ModelBurgess concentric ring model\n\nThis is an early model of urban areas based on Chicago in the 1920s.\n\nCBD (Central Business District).  This usually the oldest part of the urban area (where it originally began) and is the most accessible since transport networks (road, rail, bus) lead into it.  Traditionally it was the most desired location for shops and banks since it had the most people passing by.  High land values and a lack of available space in this area leads to it having the tallest buildings.\n\nLight manufacturing.  The industrial revolution led to the emergence of manufacturing around the original urban centre.  These inner city areas now often have light manufacturing as the original industries have declined or moved overseas.\n\nLow class residential.  To support the factories built in the industrial revolution housing needed to be provided for the workers.  This was often low quality, quick to build and within walking distance of the industries.\n\nHousing quality increased with distance from the city centre as higher income residents desired more spacious houses with gardens and could afford to commute into the city to work.\n\n\nThe model is criticised for being overly simplistic.  It assumes resources and land are in equal in all directions which is almost never the case.\n\n\nThe Hoyt Model\n\nHoyt Sector Model\n\nHoyt attempted to improve upon the concentric ring model and came up with this land use model.\n\nHe suggested that transport routes were much more significant.  They would attract industry to locate along them as they were the main route for raw materials and finished products.\n\nThe low class housing would then locate alongside these zones of industry creating wedges.\n\nLow class housing was also likely to be downwind of industry where the pollution was carried to.  Better housing would avoid these areas and look for the cleaner air.\n\n\nLEDC Land Use Characteristics\n\nSlum settlements, Rwanda\nSlum settlements, Rwanda\n\nLEDC cities tend to display slightly different land use zoning.  Many of them are currently going through rapid urban growth and are struggling to cope with the increasing population.  Slums/favelas are often found on the edges of these cities and in some cases in sections of the inner city.  They are often established on illegal land or land that has been unused due to being risky (landslides, floods, contamination).\n\nWealthier residents often live in gated communities that are guarded.  This creates very segregated communities that have little interaction with other parts of the city.\n\n\nsyllabus_link_buttonDescribe problems associated with the growth of urban areas such as congestion in the CBD, housing shortages, traffic congestion, squatter settlements. Suggested solutions to overcome these problems should be illustrated by reference to selected examples.\n\nUrban Problems\n\nUrban growth inevitably results in pressure on infrastructure and services.\n\nIncreasing car ownership couple with roads not designed for the modern volumes of traffic leads to congestion.  This in turn leads to increased air pollution and lost time for commuters and businesses.\n\nLEDCs typically have lower car ownership but the vehicles (including public buses) are older and less efficient.\n\nUrban areas have recognised the need to reduce the impacts of traffic congestion.\n\nBus lanes and cycle lanes have been established in many urban areas.  Some cities such as San Jose in Costa Rica have a system of plate restrictions for cars.  Cars with specified number plates are banned from entering the central urban area on certain days.\n\nLondon, UK\n\nLondon Cycle Hire Scheme\n\n\nLondon has introduced the congestion charge requiring vehicles travelling into the inner city area to pay a fee. Benefits of the scheme have been reduced traffic entering the city and a reduction in the air pollution.  Less congestion for drivers bringing economic benefits. The money raised has been used to improve the public transport systems, which in turn attracts more people to use the public services.\n\nBike hire has also been established whereby bikes can be hired in one place and returned in many other locations. This has reduced the number of people using taxis, buses and trains.\n\nRapid urban population growth puts pressure on the housing stocks.  The supply of new housing often does not keep pace with the increasing demand.  This results in rising prices and a lack of affordable housing for many.  The result of this is the emergence of slums often on illegal land.\n\nRio de Janiero, Brazil\n\nRocinha is one of the early favelas in Rio.  Characterised by illegal, poorly built dwellings on steep land with poor sanitation systems and high crime rates it personified urban poverty.  In recent years Rio has legalised the dwellings, invested in municipal services and restored order through a significant police presence.\n\nWaste disposal has become an increasing concern.  Disposing of waste often involves landfill sites which pollute groundwater reserves and release significant methane emissions.   Recycling is increasing but is expensive and requires residents to take responsibility for sorting out their waste.\n\nRio de Janiero, Brazil\n\nJardim Gramacho was the largest landfill site in the world, taking most of Rios waste.  Teams of informal workers sort through the waste looking for recyclable material that they can collect and sell for money.  The work is dangerous and pays little money bit provides an essential recycling service that vastly reduces the waste that actually remains in the landfill.\n\n\nsyllabus_link_buttonDescribe the effects of urbanisation on the environment – pollution (air, water, visual and noise), the results of urban sprawl on surrounding areas, the growth of out-of-town urban activities – shopping areas, sports facilities, etc.\n\n\nImpact of Urbanisation on the Environment\n\nUrbanisation places significant pressure on the environment.\n\nAir pollution: from transport has been previously mentioned and industry adds to this.  Damage to health is one effect (The UN  has estimated that 7 million people died from air pollution in 2012).  Acid rain is another impact as nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxides return to the land as sulphuric and nitric acid.  Acid rain damages trees as roots take up the acids, soils become leached of minerals and nutrients and lakes become acidified leading to the decline of plant and fish life.\n\n Freshwater: cities place huge demands on freshwater supplies. Phoenix in Arizona, USA is depleting the groundwater reserves below by 3 meters a year.   Water is now diverted 500km from the Colorado river to supply it with water.\n\nWater pollution:  Rainwater washes chemicals and waste into rivers.  In many developing countries untreated sewage is often discharged into rivers or oceans leading to increasing illness from water borne diseases.\n\n\nCounter urbanisation is the process of people moving out of the urban areas to surrounding villages.  Car ownership and rising incomes have enabled more people to commute into cities for work.  The result has been urban sprawl and loss of countryside.\n\nDecentralisation of Industry & Retailing\n\nRetail parks, decentralisation\nRetail parks, decentralisation\n\nAs increasing proportions of people live in more suburban or rural areas shops and offices have followed.  Land is cheaper and more space is available outside the city.\n\nBetter road connections and close proximity to residential areas provide ideal locations for shopping malls, retail outlets and new office developments.\n\nUrban centres are facing declining importance as prime locations for retailing.  High land values push firms away, the lack of parking and subsequent high cost of available parking discourages shoppers.  Online retailing is currently rapidly gaining market share as it can locate in the cheapest and most connected location.\n\nEnvironmental Impacts\n\nNew York urban sprawl\nNew York urban sprawl\n\nUrban sprawl impacts on the environment in many ways. The most obvious is the loss of green spaces and the subsequent decline of wildlife.  As the countryside is removed to make way for urban developments the hydrological cycle is affected.  Less interception by vegetation increases the water reaching the ground.  The loss of permeable surfaces reduces the infiltration rates and increases the surface water often resulting in the occurrence of floods.\n\nChanges in the local climate occur as tall buildings obstruct and channel wind in different patterns.\n\nUrban areas heat the atmosphere above them through heat generated by buildings and transport but also through higher rates of absorption of sunlight and release of heat (dark surfaces).\n\nDense populations and high levels of transport create significant noise pollution and at night light pollution.\n\n Test Yourself\n\nPast Paper Style Questions\n\nGrab a pen and start improving your exam technique\n\n1) Describe the benefits to shops and customers of locating in out of town sites (shopping malls and retail parks). [5 marks]\n\n2) Describe the problems faced by people using the CBD of a large urban area. [5 marks]\n\n3) Describe the efforts that have been made to solve urban problems in a named example/area. [7 marks]", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.782274067401886}
+{"content": "Good Neighbor Community Center Inc\n\nA nonprofit organization\n\n216 Donors\n\nIn 1973, the Seventh-Day Adventist Churches of Lincoln saw a need for basic and emergency needs in our community. They founded the Good Neighbor Community Center. Over the years, we have provided emergency food, clothing and household items in a kind, understanding environment. Each client is personally welcomed through an individual interview and encouraged to participate in our programs.\n\nOur passion is not only assisting individuals with basic and emergency needs but also giving them opportunities to build bright futures for their families and the entire community.\n\nIn 2003, Good Neighbor Community Center was duly incorporated under the laws of NE state and we are now collaborating with like-minded organizations, schools, businesses, churches, and individuals in Helping People Help Themselves. \n\nMission Statement: Welcoming Neighbors; Supporting Stability.\n\nOrganization Data\n\n\nOrganization name\n\nGood Neighbor Community Center Inc\n\nTax id (EIN)\n\n\n\n2617 Y ST\n\n\n\nHow can we help?\n\nSuggested articles\n\n  • How does my nonprofit get started on Mightycause?\n  • Why use Mightycause?\n  • What is Mightycause?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9646264910697937}
+{"content": "Images of dinosaurs as cold-blooded creatures needing tropical temperatures could be a relic of the past.\n\nUniversity of Alaska Fairbanks and Florida State University scientists have found that nearly all types of Arctic dinosaurs, from small bird-like animals to giant tyrannosaurs, reproduced in the region and likely remained there year-round.\n\nTheir findings are detailed in a new paper published in the journal Current Biology.\n\n“It wasn’t long ago that people were pretty shocked to find out that dinosaurs lived up in the Arctic 70 million years ago,” said Pat Druckenmiller, the paper’s lead author and director of the University of Alaska Museum of the North. “We now have unequivocal evidence they were nesting up there as well. This is the first time that anyone has ever demonstrated that dinosaurs could reproduce at these high latitudes.”\n\nThe findings counter previous hypotheses that the animals migrated to lower latitudes for the winter and laid their eggs in those warmer regions. It’s also compelling evidence that they were warm-blooded.\n\nFor more than a decade, Druckenmiller and Gregory Erickson, a Florida State University professor of biological science, have conducted fieldwork in the Prince Creek Formation in northern Alaska. They have unearthed many dinosaur species, most of them new to science, from the bluffs above the Colville River.\n\nTheir latest discoveries are tiny teeth and bones from seven species of perinatal dinosaurs, a term that describes baby dinosaurs that are either just about to hatch or have just hatched.\n\n“One of the biggest mysteries about Arctic dinosaurs was whether they seasonally migrated up to the North or were year-round denizens,” said Erickson, a co-author of the paper. “We unexpectedly found remains of perinates representing almost every kind of dinosaur in the formation. It was like a prehistoric maternity ward.”\n\nRecovering the bones and teeth, some no larger than the head of a pin, requires perseverance and a sharp eye. In the field, the scientists hauled buckets of sediment from the face of the bluffs down to the river’s edge, where they washed the material through smaller and smaller screens to remove large rocks and soil.\n\nOnce back at their labs, Druckenmiller, Erickson and co-author Jaelyn Eberle from the University of Colorado, Boulder, screened the material further. Then, teaspoon by teaspoon, the team, which included graduate and undergraduate students, examined the remaining sandy particles under microscopes to find the bones and teeth.\n\n“Recovering these tiny fossils is like panning for gold,” Druckenmiller said. “It requires a great amount of time and effort to sort through tons of sediment grain-by-grain under a microscope. The fossils we found are rare but are scientifically rich in information.”\n\nNext, the scientists worked with Caleb Brown and Don Brinkman from the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology in Alberta, Canada, to compare the fossils to those from other sites at lower latitudes. Those comparisons helped them conclude that the bones and teeth were from perinatal dinosaurs.\n\nOnce they knew the dinosaurs were nesting in the Arctic, they realized the animals lived their entire lives in the region.\n\nErickson’s previous research revealed that the incubation period for these types of dinosaurs ranges from three to six months. Because Arctic summers are short, even if the dinosaurs laid their eggs in the spring, their offspring would be too young to migrate in the fall.\n\nGlobal temperatures were much warmer during the Cretaceous, but the Arctic winters still would have included four months of darkness, freezing temperatures, snow and little fresh vegetation for food.\n\n“As dark and bleak as the winters would have been, the summers would have had 24-hour sunlight, great conditions for a growing dinosaur if it could grow quickly enough before winter set in,” said Brown, a paleontologist at the Royal Tyrrell Museum.\n\nYear-round Arctic residency provides a natural test of the animals’ physiology, Erickson added.\n\n“We solved several long-standing mysteries about the dinosaur reign, but opened up a new can of worms,” he said. “How did they survive Arctic winters?”\n\nPerhaps the smaller ones hibernated through the winter, Druckenmiller said. Perhaps others lived off poor-quality forage, much like today’s moose, until the spring.\n\nScientists have found warm-blooded animal fossils in the region, but no snakes, frogs or turtles, which were common at lower latitudes. That suggests the cold-blooded animals were poorly suited for survival in the cold temperatures of the region.\n\n“This study goes to the heart of one of the longest-standing questions among paleontologists: Were dinosaurs warm-blooded?” Druckenmiller said. “We think that endothermy was probably an important part of their survival.”\n\nThis research was supported by the National Science Foundation.\n\n\n\n\nNOTE TO EDITORS: Photos, graphics and video footage are available for download from the UAF press download drive.\n\n\nRegister for reporter access to contact details\n\nCurrent Biology", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9434843063354492}
+{"content": "As MPL ID fans wait for the competition to start back up again, there have been reports saying that the MPL ID S6 Playoffs will be held offline.\n\nWhile it mainly began with rumors, there were already signals about the playoffs being held offline. With the regular season being held online, many technical problems had occurred such as a connection and network issues amongst the teams.\n\nTwo matches in the regular season that were significantly hindered by the online format were EVOS Legends vs. Onic Esports and EVOS vs. Alter Ego.\n\nDespite rumors and leaks about the event’s potential venue, there was still no official announcement from Moonton, but luckily MPL caster Clara Mongstar was able to clarify things in a YouTube video.\n\n“MPL ID Season 6 will be held offline but without spectators. There are also many rumors that it will be held in Bali. No, it won’t be held in Bali,” reported Clara.\n\nThis explains why players from all playoff teams took the rapid test simultaneously earlier this week. The competition will certainly be more intense with teams being able to see their opponents and play without any lag or connection issues.\n\nThough Clara did not disclose where the playoffs would take place, rumors had circulated that the event will be held at the Hotel Ayana Mid Plaza.\n\nThe MPL ID S6 Playoffs will begin on October 16.\n\nREAD MORE: 5 reasons why EVOS Legends could upset everyone in the MPL ID S6 playoffs", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8029593229293823}
+{"content": "\n\n10 Breathtaking Shots of Planet Earth Captured on the ISS\n\nThe International Space Station provides quite the vantage point for astronaut shutterbugs.\n\nJuly 15, 2015\n\nPhotography and real estate have something in common: it’s all about location. Shutterbugs compete to find the best places to snap pictures that captivate the imagination, whether it be urban nightlife or a deserted mountain peak. But the photographers in this article have a vantage point that most Instagram jockeys would kill for: 254 miles above sea level at the International Space Station.\n\nWhen the ISS was put into operation in 2000, it was recognized as a huge boon to the sciences. Astronauts could now conduct long-term experiments over a variety of disciplines, collaborate with scientists from other countries, and generally expand our knowledge of life outside of Earth’s orbit.\n\nWhat we didn’t expect is that it would also expand our horizons in the realm of the arts. Photographs from the International Space Station have been dazzling us poor schmucks on Earth for years, giving us a perspective on our beautiful blue globe that we'd never have otherwise. In the slideshow, we round up our picks for the greatest shots snapped by space-faring shutterbugs.\n\n1. Grand Canyon\n\nGrand Canyon\nYou’re going to see a lot of shots in this piece that take Earthly landmarks and present them from a dynamic new perspective. From the ground, the Grand Canyon is a vast, unknowable seam in the earth that stretches 277 miles through the Colorado Plateau, giving us a glimpse into 2 billion years of geological history. From space, though, you can more clearly see the incredibly dramatic geological forces that cracked the plateau and formed one of the country’s most famous tourist destinations. (Image)\n\n2. Richat Structure\n\nRichat Structure\nWhen you're floating hundreds of miles above the Earth's atmosphere, it's easy to lose your sense of place. Many astronauts on the ISS use a particular landmark to re-connect them to their home planet. Mauritania's Richat Structure—colloquially known as the Eye of the Sahara—is an unusual geological formation that appears as a number of vividly colored concentric circles from space. Scientists believe that it was formed when a sedimentary dome eroded, exposing all of the layers to the atmosphere. (Image)\n\n3. Moon Through The Atmosphere\n\nMoon Through The Atmosphere\nWe're so used to seeing the moon hanging up in the sky that we forget that it's actually trapped in Earth's gravity field just like we are. This striking shot from an Expedition 29 crewmember on the International Space Station lets us see how our own atmosphere interacts with our perspective of the moon, as it seems to bob along on a sea of blue sky, with fluffy clouds like whitecaps. It's almost a fairytale image. (Image)\n\n4. Meandering River\n\nMeandering River\nFrom 200+ miles above the surface, geographical features take on a whole different aspect. Astronaut Chris Hadfield, one of the most prolific ISS photographers, snapped this shot in 2013 and shared in on his Facebook page. It depicts a river flowing through a jungle in Bolivia, twisting and turning almost like a living thing as it cuts through the dense greenery. The technical term for this kind of waterway is a \"braided stream,\" creating cutoffs and what are called “oxbow lakes” that form when meanders get cut off from the main water source. (Image)\n\n5. Our Galaxy\n\nOur Galaxy\nIt's not only the planet Earth that astronauts document from the International Space Station. They turn their lenses on the nigh-infinite space that they drift through, with spectacular results. This shot, taken by ISS astronaut Terry Virts, depicts the curvature of the Earth lightly illuminated by the Sun, while the massive expanse of stars that make up our galaxy shine in the background. It's shots like this, where you realize that each of those tiny lights is a sun much like ours, surrounded by planets much like our own, that make you feel a little insignificant. (Image)\n\n6. Phytoplankton Bloom\n\nPhytoplankton Bloom\nPhotographs from the ISS do a good job of capturing geological features and other large-scale objects, but they can't possibly catch sight of living things, right? Well, not in the way you'd expect, anyways. Chris Hadfield took this stunning shot of the Black Sea in May 2013, which gives us a distant perspective on one of the most common life forms on Earth: algae. These bright blue phytoplankton sometimes reproduce uncontrollably, creating massive colonies on the water's surface that are visible from hundreds of miles away. (Image)\n\n7. Aurora Borealis\n\nAurora Borealis\nFrom the surface of the Earth, the Aurora Borealis look like shimmering ribbons of color undulating in the sky. Caused by charged particles from solar winds, cosmic rays, and plasma hitting the upper atmosphere, the curtains of ionized particles organize themselves along Earth’s magnetic field. From space, the aurora is much more striking – you can actually see it crawl along the curvature of the planet. This shot was taken when the ISS passed over the Indian Ocean in 2011, during a geomagnetic storm that caused the effect at a lower latitude than normal. For more, check out 10 Breathtaking Shots of the Northern Lights. (Image)\n\n8. Las Vegas\n\nLas Vegas\nThe works of mankind that are visible from space paint a pretty interesting picture of how we live down here. Las Vegas, that jewel of sin and seduction in the middle of the desert, draws 8000 megawatts on a summer day to run air conditioning, slot machines and, of course, the bright lights of the Strip. This photo, taken by Chris Hadfield, shows Sin City burning at peak brightness, the casinos blending together into a bright mass of illumination in the middle of a near-black expanse of desert. (Image)\n\n9. Midnight Sun\n\nMidnight Sun\nOne of the coolest things about photography from outer space is the ability to see how Earth's atmosphere affects the way we see. Check out this image of “noctilucent” clouds – formations that reflect light that are the highest clouds in Earth's atmosphere. This striking image was snapped by a scientist on the ISS over the Aelutian Islands. The red sun in the image is the “midnight sun” over Alaska – this image was taken in August 2013, when the polar regions get daylight for almost 24 hours. (Image)\n\n10. ISS Cupola\n\nISS Cupola\nLet's close this out with a shot of the station itself, to give you some idea of where all of these snaps are taking place. The station's cupola was built by the European Space Agency and attached to the station in 2010 to give astronauts a facility to observe the Earth as well as conduct experiments and dock with visiting craft. In this shot, a fish-eye lens was used to capture the entirety of the dome’s interior with the shutters closed – when an astronaut takes a shot of the planet below, this is all the stuff they need to block out to focus. (Image)\nGet Our Best Stories!\n\n\n\nThanks for signing up!\n\n\nSign up for other newsletters\n\nPCMag Stories You’ll Like\n\nAbout K. Thor Jensen\n\nK. Thor Jensen\n\n\nRead the latest from K. Thor Jensen", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.902039110660553}
+{"content": "Ivy - Hedera hibernica\n\nHedera ' Hibernica ' is one of the most used hedge plants. It is an Irish ivy and grows best in a place with shade or partial shade.\n\n\n\nDiscover all the characteristics of Ivy - hedera hibernica\n\n\nHow do I best plant my Ivy, hedera hibernica?\n\n\nHow do I take care of my Ivy, hedera hibernica?\n\nQuestions - tips\n\nAnswers to frequently asked questions\n\n\nHedera ' Hibernica ' is one of the most used hedge plants. It is an Irish ivy and grows best in a place with shade or partial shade. This species grows tremendously fast, which is a huge advantage, because the hedge has grown completely close within 2-3 years. So it is an ideal plant for people who want privacy quickly. In our nursery we always start with 3 to 4 grown cuttings in each pot, which make our Ivy stronger.  You can start directly with a beautiful and qualitative plant. They are also fitted with a bamboo stick to make a better adhesion to a wall or closure. You can order this hedge plants online at our shop!\n\nWinter Green\n\nIvy under scrutiny\n\nSoil type\nNot too humid, flexible\n5m - 10 m\n\nIvy under scrutiny\n\nLeaf color\nFlower Color\nFlowering months\nSmall yellow green flowers\nOctobre - Novembre\nPruning period\nPartial shade-Sun-flexible\n\n\nPlanting Ivy, hedera hibernica does not require much effort, but there are some points that should be taken into consideration before and during the planting of this Ivy species;\n\n\n\n\n  3. When the weather is warm and you plant Ivy in your garden, it is very important to give it enough water.\n\n\n\n\nIvy, hedera hibernica is a very simple plant in terms of care. Treating against diseases is not necessary, because they are not there. However, there are some things that need to be watched so that your Ivy would feel good;\n\n\n  1. Always fertilize with organic fertilizer, never chemically\n\n\nTip of the Nursery!\n\n\n\nFrequent questions\n\n\nIs there a certain planting tip of the nursery concerning Ivy, Hedera Hibernica?\n\nA real must for the planting of chipped ivy is the weaving of the long vines. With an ivy hedge, the aim is to create a beautiful and dense hedge as soon as possible, which can be done by weaving the long branches in the fence after the planting. You have to repeat this several times. A quick way to create privacy in your garden!\n\nIs there a certain tip when pruning ivy, Hedera hibernica?\n\nTo keep your ivy, Hedera Hibernica in its supreme health, it is sometimes advisable to do the annual shave more thoroughly than otherwise. Put the Ivy hedge very briefly, so that you almost can look through. This promotes leaf growth and prevents bald spots in the hedge. This allows the hedge to breathe better and the Ivy is kept compact.\n\nWhat are the advantages of choosing an ivy hedge?\n\nThere are a variety of advantages to choose for Ivy (Hedera hibernica)\n\n-Grows incredibly fast close\n\n-Very compact in size\n\n-Very easy to maintain, 1 pruning per year is sufficient\n\n-Hardy and winter green\n\nBy choosing Ivy, Hedera Hibernica, you will also keep your privacy in your garden in winter.\n\nHow quickly does an ivy hedge grow?\n\nAn ivy hedge grows close very fast. Depending on the size of the Ivy plant chosen, this can vary from 1 to 2 years before your hedge has grown completely. So that you can't look through the hedge any more.\n\n\nThanks for your question! We will answer them as soon as possible.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8780916333198547}
+{"content": "Room Let Tenancy Agreement Template Uk\n\nIn general, the amount of rent is the market rent similar to that of other housing and rentals in the area. If, at any time, two or more rents are due or not during the term of the contract, the contract terminates automatically. Tenants do not have the same protection against evacuation as tenants and if a tenant does not have an organizer (after being asked to withdraw in accordance with the terms of the tenant agreement), they enter. You can terminate the agreement without having to apply to the court for a possession order if something is wrong. While you are discussing the room rental agreement, you can also take advantage of this time to meet the people who are considering renting your room so that you have enough information and security to know at least the basics of the people to whom you entrust your room. Renting and renting rooms in a house can be a chore for landlords and tenants alike – if they don`t know how important it is to have one….\n\n\n\nPlease upgrade today!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6581598520278931}
+{"content": "Now Reading\nWays To Defeat The Freshman 15\n\nWays To Defeat The Freshman 15\n\nEveryone dreads gaining the inevitable freshman 15. Not everyone knows how simple it can be to avoid it. Here are some easy tips to avoid the freshman 15!\n\nThe college myth, the freshman legend, the calorie gainer phenomenon are some of the names you could use to describe the dreaded “Freshman 15.” The Freshman 15 is the commonly referred term for gaining 15 pounds during your first year of college. Some may think they could never gain 15 pounds within their first year away from home, but adapting to a budgeted college food lifestyle without the convenience of mom’s homemade cooking can be a difficult adjustment.\n\nThere’s going to come an inevitable point in your semester where you’ll find yourself late night binge eating to compensate for the amount of stress you have for your essay you decided to do last minute. However, the irony is the Freshman 15 is completely avoidable by simply regulating your college diet and maintaining both your mental and physical health. Check out some of these easy to follow tips to defeat the Freshman 15.\n\nWays to Defeat the Freshman 15\n\n\nExercise on a Weekly Basis\n\nExercising in college is definitely an undesirable activity to manage in between your long hours of studying and piles of homework, but setting aside time in your schedule to exercise once or twice a week makes a big difference. Whether it’s just 30 minutes on the treadmill or an hour of conditioning, any form of exercise on a weekly basis will help in the long run towards maintaining your shape and being a healthy college student, which amidst the thousands of sleep deprived racooned eyes college students can be hard to find.  \n\nExplore dietary options in your dining hall.\n\nThe dining hall is the main enemy to blame for the Freshman 15 since you’re stuck with dining dollars throughout both semesters and can only eat what is available to you, but there’s always healthy options available at your college dining hall. Cheeseburgers and chicken tenders aren’t the only daily food available as most colleges have salad and soup bars if you’re looking for a lighter meal. In addition, some colleges have meals designed specifically for food allergies, vegetarians, vegans, which means you can get pretty creative in mixing up your food options amongst different vendors in your dining hall. Though the idea of having unlimited access to junk food in your dining hall may seem appealing, try to mix it up every once and a while and venture towards the various healthy options available.\n\nDo not skip on breakfast, lunch, or dinner.\n\nSkipping out on meals may not seem like a big deal to college students especially when you’re in a rush to your 8 AM class in the morning or you have too much cramming to do the night before on your exam and skip out on dinner, but skipping out on the 3 necessary meals of the day can take a toll on your health. Missing out on meals can actually disrupt your dietary system, and make your body hold onto fat due to feeling starvation. Plus only good things come out of maintaining a balanced eating diet like improving your concentration and increasing your energy throughout the day in order to survive through your classes. Though you may only have 10 minutes to make it to your 8 AM class because you overslept, at least try to grab a banana or pop tart on your way out the door because breakfast really is the most important meal of the day.\n\n\nTry your best not to late night snack.\n\nLate night snacks are inevitable when it comes to stress and having college dollars, but there’s a high likelihood that you will regret stress eating the night before when you wake up. Chocolate, cereal, chips, and more can be your best friend as you panic the night before on a final project due the next day, but in reality food cannot help your academic problems go away. Scientifically, eating late at night makes your body more likely to store calories and fats instead of burning them off as energy, due to your metabolism processing food slower in the evening. Therefore, try to get your studies done ahead of time, so you can put the stress eating chocolate down and get a good night sleep instead.\n\nSee Also\nThe city of Tampa has it all: diverse culture, sunny skies and a fun and hip urban community. Here are 20 signs you grew up in Tampa.\n\nWays to Defeat the Freshman 15\n\n\nMake your own food in your dorm.\n\nEating at your college dining hall everyday can get boring for your tastebuds or you may not want to eat amongst all your fellow classmates because you don’t feel good or don’t want to be around people. That’s why making your own food in your dorm provides both peace and privacy. Though you may be limited with cooking appliances in your dorm, most of the time you will always have a microwave or mini fridge. Grocery stores like Whole Foods and Trader Joe’s contain lots of microwavable meal including vegetarian and vegan options. Getting creative with your grocery shopping can be a great way to discover new healthy meals or snacks that aren’t normally available in your dining hall.\n\nTreat yourself outside your dining hall every once in a while!\n\nThough you may be on a college budget, there’s nothing wrong with eating outside of your dining hall every once and awhile and having fun trying different restaurants and cafes. Truthfully don’t concern your daily dietary life with the fear of acquiring the freshman 15 and make sure to treat yourself to foods you enjoy because your hard work of studying and being a college student in general deserves it. By maintaining both your physical health and your mental happiness throughout both of your semesters, the freshman 15 will only be a fable college myth.\n\nDo you have any tips to defeat the freshman 15? Tell us in the comments!\nFeatured Image Source:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5046508312225342}
+{"content": "Apple Backs Down on Its Controversial Photo-Scanning Plans\n\nhand holding iphone 6\nPrivacy advocates and security researchers are cautiously optimistic about the pause.Photograph: Justin Sullivan/Getty Images\n\nIn August, Apple detailed several new features intended to stop the dissemination of child sexual abuse materials. The backlash from cryptographers to privacy advocates to Edward Snowden himself was near-instantaneous, largely tied to Apple's decision not only to scan iCloud photos for CSAM, but to also check for matches on your iPhone or iPad. After weeks of sustained outcry, Apple is standing down. At least for now.\n\n\nApple didn’t give any more guidance on what form those improvements might take, or how that input process might work. But privacy advocates and security researchers are cautiously optimistic about the pause.\n\n“I think this is a smart move by Apple,” says Alex Stamos, former chief security officer at Facebook and cofounder of cybersecurity consulting firm Krebs Stamos Group. “There is an incredibly complicated set of trade-offs involved in this problem and it was highly unlikely that Apple was going to figure out an optimal solution without listening to a wide variety of equities.”\n\nCSAM scanners work by generating cryptographic “hashes” of known abusive images—a sort of digital signature—and then combing through huge quantities of data for matches. Lots of companies already do some form of this, including Apple for iCloud Mail. But in its plans to extend that scanning to iCloud photos, the company proposed taking the additional step of checking those hashes on your device, as well, if you have an iCloud account.\n\nThe introduction of that ability to compare images on your phone against a set of known CSAM hashes—provided by the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children—immediately raised concerns that the tool could someday be put to other use. “Apple would have deployed to everyone’s phone a CSAM-scanning feature that governments could, and would, subvert into a surveillance tool to make Apple search people’s phones for other material as well,” says Riana Pfefferkorn, research scholar at the Stanford Internet Observatory.\n\nApple has resisted multiple United States government requests to build a tool that would allow law enforcement to unlock and decrypt iOS devices in the past. But the company has also made concessions to countries like China, where customer data lives on state-owned servers. At a time when legislators around the world have ramped up efforts to undermine encryption more broadly, the introduction of the CSAM tool felt especially fraught.\n\n“They clearly feel this is politically challenging, which I think shows how untenable their ‘Apple will always refuse government pressure’ position is,” says Johns Hopkins University cryptographer Matthew Green. “If they feel they must scan, they should scan unencrypted files on their servers,” which is the standard practice for other companies, like Facebook, which regularly scan for not only CSAM but also terroristic and other disallowed content types. Green also suggests that Apple should make iCloud storage end-to-end encrypted, so that it can’t view those images even if it wanted to.\n\nThe controversy around Apple’s plans was technical, as well. Hashing algorithms can generate false positives, mistakenly identifying two images as matches even when they’re not. Called “collisions,” those errors are especially concerning in the context of CSAM. Not long after Apple’s announcement, researchers began finding collisions in the iOS “NeuralHash” algorithm Apple intended to use. Apple said at the time that the version of NeuralHash that was available to study was not exactly the same as the one that would be used in the scheme, and that the system was accurate. Collisions may also not have a material impact in practice, says Paul Walsh, founder and CEO of the security firm MetaCert, given that Apple’s system requires 30 matching hashes before sounding any alarms, after which human reviewers would be able to tell what’s CSAM and what’s a false positive.\n\nIt’s unclear at this point what specific changes Apple could make to satisfy its critics. Green and Pfefferkorn both suggest that the company could limit its scanning to shared iCloud albums rather than involving its customers’ devices. And Stamos says the NeuralHash issues reinforce the importance of incorporating the research community more fully from the start, especially for an untested technology.\n\nOthers remain steadfast that the company should make its pause permanent. “Apple's plan to conduct on-device scanning of photos and messages is the most dangerous proposal from any tech company in modern history,” says Evan Greer, deputy director of digital rights nonprofit Fight for the Future. “It's encouraging that the backlash has forced Apple to delay this reckless and dangerous surveillance plan, but the reality is that there is no safe way to do what they are proposing. They need to abandon this plan entirely.”\n\nThat Apple is holding off on its plans at all, though, is a major concession from a company not typically inclined to give them. “I’m stunned, frankly,” says Pfefferkorn. “It would be hard for them to announce they’re dropping these plans altogether, but ‘hitting pause’ is still a huge deal.”\n\nAdditional reporting by Andy Greenberg.\n\nMore Great WIRED Stories", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7966238260269165}
+{"content": "Pharmacokinetics on both schedules were dose proportional, and the observed half-life of M6620 was 12\n\nPharmacokinetics on both schedules were dose proportional, and the observed half-life of M6620 was 12.8-18.5 hours. patient with metastatic colorectal cancer harboring molecular aberrations, including ATM loss and an mutation, achieved RECISTv1.1 complete response and maintained this response, with a progression-free survival of 29 months at last assessment. Twenty-three patients received M6620 with carboplatin, with mechanism-based hematologic toxicities at higher doses, requiring dose delays and reductions. The RP2D for combination therapy was M6620 90 mg/m2 with carboplatin AUC5. A patient with advanced germline ovarian cancer achieved RECISTv1.1 partial response and Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup CA125 response despite being platinum refractory and PARP inhibitor resistant. An additional 15 patients had RECISTv1.1 stable disease as best response. Pharmacokinetics were dose proportional and exceeded preclinical efficacious levels. Pharmacodynamic studies exhibited substantial inhibition of phosphorylation of CHK1, the downstream ATR substrate. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this report is the first of an ATR inhibitor as monotherapy and combined with carboplatin. M6620 was well tolerated, with target engagement and preliminary antitumor responses observed. INTRODUCTION The DNA damage response (DDR) provides cellular defense against DNA damage and is regulated by apical kinases ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ATM and Rad3 related).1 ATM is recruited to double-strand breaks (DSBs), whereas ATR is recruited to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) coated with RPA. ssDNA can arise from DSB processing or stalled replication forks LY2811376 (replication stress [RS]). RS can occur when replication forks encounter unresolved DNA lesions or the replication rate outpaces the nucleotide supply.2 Both events are common in cancer (eg, from chemotherapy or oncogenes that drive rapid unscheduled proliferation).2 Once activated, ATM and ATR signal DNA damage to cell cycle checkpoints and promote homologous recombination (HR) repair.3 Despite the importance of the DDR, many tumors carry ATM pathway aberrations, placing a reliance around the ATR pathway for survival.4,5 Preclinical studies exhibited that ATR inhibition lethally sensitizes many tumors with ATM pathway defects to chemotherapy-induced DNA damage.5 ATR inhibition is also effective as monotherapy in some cancer cells with ATM loss or other key DDR aberrations or tumors that express oncogenes, which drive high RS.6 CONTEXT Key Objective Can ATR inhibition lead to single-agent antitumor activity and enhance the effects of carboplatin chemotherapy safely in patients with advanced sound tumors, including those with relevant molecular aberrations? Knowledge Generated The ATR inhibitor M6620 was well tolerated, with anecdotal single-agent durable RECISTv1.1 complete response in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer harboring molecular aberrations, including ATM loss and an mutation. M6620 was well tolerated in combination with carboplatin chemotherapy at biologically active doses, with the observation of clinical activity in patients with advanced solid tumors, including a patient with platinum-refractory and PARP inhibitorCresistant germline ovarian cancer. Relevance These findings provide early clinical proof of concept that ATR inhibitors may represent a novel antitumor strategy as monotherapy or in combination with carboplatin chemotherapy in patients with relevant molecular aberrations, including those who are platinum refractory or PARP inhibitor resistant, which are areas of unmet clinical need. M6620 (formerly VX-970) LY2811376 is usually a first-in-class potent ATP-competitive ATR inhibitor with > 100-fold selectivity over related kinases (eg, DNA-PK and ATM).7 In preclinical studies, cells defective in ATM signaling were acutely sensitive to M6620 combined with genotoxic chemotherapy.7 In mouse xenograft models, M6620 10-20 mg/kg administered intravenously demonstrated synergistic antitumor efficacy with multiple chemotherapeutics, including platinum-based chemotherapy, often resulting in marked tumor growth inhibition or regression.7,8 These studies exhibited that optimal combination efficacy was achieved when ATR inhibition was administered after chemotherapy.7 On the basis of these preclinical data, LY2811376 we conducted a phase I dose-escalation trial to determine safety, tolerability, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of M6620 monotherapy and combined with carboplatin in patients with advanced sound tumors. An important objective was to assess the pharmacodynamic effects of M6620 combined with carboplatin. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of genetic aberrations and ATM immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted on archival and/or fresh tumor specimens, when available, Rabbit Polyclonal to NPY5R to assess predictive markers of response. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patient Populace Patients age 18.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8872562646865845}
+{"content": "tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6869920672271686891.post6440730404365542272..comments2021-11-22T02:48:49.221-06:00Comments on Gold Shoe Girl: Is it Strange...Gold Shoe Girlhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468469177573810551noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6869920672271686891.post-85460235622537786942012-01-18T10:30:22.984-06:002012-01-18T10:30:22.984-06:00I can see why you loved that bathroom. It was so p...I can see why you loved that bathroom. It was so pretty! Having moved numerous times, I always miss something from the previous house. I&#39;m missing my big walk in pantry from the last house. It makes me nervous thinking about our upcoming house hunt. You can never find everything you want. Well, I guess if you had the money and/or could build it you could. I keep telling myself, someday!!Tammy@Beatrice Bankshttps://www.blogger.com/profile/04028715977675080370noreply@blogger.com", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7922297716140747}
+{"content": "PjProblemStrings Sequences Of The Life Of A Celestial Star.\nTECTechnics Classroom   TECTechnics Overview\n\nExpressions Of Pj Problems\nPjProblemsStrings Sequences Of The Life Of A Celestial Star\n\nCelestial Stars\n\n\nThe strings: S7P1A15, S7P3A32, S7P4A41.\n\nThe math:\nAll Pj Problems are at play.\n\nPjProblemsStrings Sequences Of The Life Of A Celestial Star\n\n(a) Recombination during the The Early Universe establishes hydrogen (H) and helium (He) gases in Space. Eventually, the abundance of these atoms form clouds of Hydrogen and helium called nebulae.\nGravity clumps and collapses nebulae into a very hot and dense core called a protostar. Core of protostar attains exceedingly high temperature (millions of degrees Kelvin) as the the gravitational collapse continues. So, a plasma phase is established in the core and electrons separate from their nuclei.\nAt a higher temperature called a flash point, the strong force overcomes the electromagnetic repulsion of nuclei. Fusion begins when smaller nuclei bond together to form larger nuclei with the release of tremendous amount of energy. This energy provides an outward thermal pressure that balances the inner pull of gravity that is collapsing the protostar. Consequently the protostar's size is stabilized and a star is born.\n\nThe time in between of a star depends on the initial mass of the protostar. In other words, the nature and duration of fusion in a star depends on the initial mass of the protostar.\nFor stars < 0.5 solar mass, only H fusion occurs through the PROTON-PROTON CHAIN reaction:\n4H nuclei (protons) fuse to a He nucleus (2positrons+2neutrinos) + energy.\nSurrounding electrons annihilates the positrons to produce more energy (gamma rays and kinetic) for hydrogen burning in the core.\nFor stars up to 8 solar masses with a core temperature ≥ 108, He nuclei can fuse to Carbon nuclei through a series of reactions called the TRIPLE ALPHA PROCESS. These stars die and become WHITE DWARFS.\nFor stars > 8 solar mass, fusion of Carbon into Neon (Ne), Neon into Oxygen (O), Oxygen into Silicon (Si), Silicon into Nickel (Ni) can occur. Nickel being radioactive decays to Iron (Fe).\nThe formation of Fe in a star's core, marks the limit of a star's capacity to form elements during its lifetime. Higher mass elements are formed during the event known as a SUPERNOVA.\n\nA star dies when there is no outward energy from fusion to balance the inward pull of gravity. For example, a star with an Fe core is eventually subjected to intense pressure and high temperature. An endothermic reaction that breaks Fe nuclei into alpha particles, protons and neutrons occurs. The absence of outward thermal pressure causes gravity to rapidly and forcefully collapse the outer layers of the star. The inner core is further compressed. Eventually, the outer layers violently rebound and are thrown outward as PLANETARY NEBULAE in a SUPERNOVA. High concentration of neutrons are ejected from the core and are captured rapidly (r-process) or slowly (s-process) by surrounding nuclei. Each captured neutron decays to a proton by emitting an electron and an antineutrino. A higher mass element is formed when this proton increases the proton count of the nucleus.\n\n(b) The distribution of nebulae was uneven,that is, some areas had significantly more concentration of nebulae that other areas.\n\n(c)(i) A small, large or super large celestial body in which hydrogen is fused into helium.\n(ii) A small, large or super large celestial body that shines because of the energy it releases during fusion.\n(iii) A large or super large celestial body in which fusion can sequentially form He, C, Ne, O, Si and Ni.\n(iv) A small, large or super large celestial body stabilized by the balance between gravity and an outward thermal pressure from fusion.\n\n(d) Strong force and gravity.\n\n(e)(i) The collapse of the inner core\n(ii) The collisions between the collapsing outerlayers and the recoiling core layers\n(iii) Ejection of neutrons from the Iron core and their capture by surrounding nuclei.\n\n(f) True.\n\n(g) 3,700K; red; orange red; ≤0.45; ≤0.08; hydrogen nuclei (H-R diagram used)\n\nHertzsprung-Russell Diagram\nApproximate required values by extrapolating from the intersection of the M spectral class and the main sequence to the respective axes of the HR Diagram.\n\n(h) White dwarf, black dwarf, neutron star, black hole.\n\n(i)- The containership of hydrogen (H) and helium (He) gases in Space (S7P1A15)\n- Gravity collapses nebulae (S7P3A32).\n- Attainment of flash point temperature (S7P4A41).\n- Strong force overcomes electromagnetic repulsion to establish fusion (S7P3A31).\n- Outward energy from fusion balances the inward pull of gravity to sustain a star (S7P7A72).\n- A star dies when disequilibrium between outer energy and inward pull of gravity causes an outerlayer rebound (S7P3A31).\n\nThus, the PjProblemStrings Sequences of the life of a celestial stars is as follows:\n\nWhat is Time?\nSt Augustine On Time\nBergson On Time\nHeidegger On Time\nKant On Time\nSagay On Time\nWhat is Space?\nNewton On Space\nSpace Governance\nImperfect Leaders\nEssence Of Mathematics\nToolness Of Mathematics\nThe Number Line\nThe Windflower Saga\nWho Am I?\nPrimordial Equilibrium\nPrimordial Care\nForce Of Being\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998944997787476}
+{"content": "Back in December Belgium producer Aeroplane teamed up with German funk-lord Purple Disco Machine, and American soul artist Aloe Blacc for a soul-funk, disco-banging, booty-shaking treat called ‘Counting On Me’.\n\nThat song is seeing an official release this week via Spinnin’ Deep Records, and along with comes an electrifying music video featuring Aloe Blacc in front of a soul band and gospel choir. If you find you have a sudden urge to raise those arms and dance around the room, don’t resist, just let your body do whatever it needs to.\n\nAeroplaneFacebook Soundcloud Twitter Spotify2    Purple Disco MachineFacebook Soundcloud Twitter Spotify2", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7044902443885803}
+{"content": "2173 Salk Avenue, Suite 250 Carlsbad, CA\n\n+ (516) 373-0809\n\nAre there any issues or numbers that draw your attention?\n\nOctober 11, 2021\nChristopher R. Teeple\n\nAs the Sales Director of a local cosmetics brand that is targeting to expand its customer share, you are preparing a major sales initiative and you need to match the key roles with the right people. You ask the Business Analyst in your company to develop a model that predicts the number of sales made and she presents to you the following regression model:\nAnalyze critically the model by addressing these questions and explaining your rationale on each:\nAre there any issues or numbers that draw your attention? (Hint: look at the R-statistics, sample size, p-values, overall fit of the model). If so, identify and list them.\nWhat variables should be excluded from the model?\nWhat variables would you want included in the model?\nOverall, are you satisfied with the presented predictions? Why or why not?\n\nStruggling With a Similar Paper? Get Reliable Help Now.\n\nDelivered on time. Plagiarism-free. Good Grades.\n\nWhat is this?\n\n\nWhy do you do it?\n\n\nHow does it work?\n\n\nWhat kind of writer will work on my paper?\n\n\n\nWill the paper be original?\n\n\nIs it free?\n\n\nIs it legit? Can I trust you?\n\n\nWill you deliver it on time?\n\n\n\n\nWhat do you need to get started on my paper?\n\n\n\n\n* Any templates or additional files required to complete the assignment.\n\nHow do I place an order?\n\n\nHow will I receive my paper?\n\n\nGetting Your Paper Today is as Simple as ABC\n\nNo more missed deadlines! No more late points deductions!\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWant A Good Grade?\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9400148987770081}
+{"content": "Movie Criticism: French Cahiers du Cinema and American Reviewers\n\nIn 1951, the French critics Andre Bazin and Jacques Doniol-Valcroze founded in Paris Cahiers du Cinema, which immediately became the most influential magazine devoted to the study of film as an art form.\n\nFor two decades, Cahiers became the dominant critical voice in European and American cinema, due to a number of reasons.\n\nBazin, who co-edited the magazine until his (untimely) death, in 1958, surrounded himself with a cohort of talented writers-devotees, including Truffaut, Rohmer, Godard, and Rivette. Eventually, most of them went on to become distinguished directors, providing the core for what became known as La Nouvelle Vague.\n\nFrom its beginning, the guiding editorial principle of Cahiers du Cinema was auteurism, based on Truffaut’s 1954 seminal essay, “La politique des auteurs.” The French New wave was a direct outgrowth of the auteurist theories promulgated by Cahiers.\n\nEqually important was Cahiers’ reevaluation of mainstream Hollywood cinema, elevating the prestige of such “commercial” filmmakers as Hitchcock, Ford, Hawks, and Nicholas Ray, who weren’t taken seriously by American critics.\n\nCahiers established a critical tradition that didn’t distinguish between serious art films and commercial entertainment, an approach later embraced by the two most powerful critics in American history: Andrew Sarris, then writing for the Village Voice, and Pauline Kael, the reviewer for the New Yorker.\n\nThe philosophy, which translates into according the same serious analysis to Jonathan Demme’s horror flick, The Silence of the Lamb as to his more prestigious but pretentiously earnest drama, Beloved, continues to define most critics’ work.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6265305280685425}
+{"content": "Accommodation for Newcomers in Peru\n\nMigrate Canada » Accommodation for Newcomers in Peru\n\nImmigration Accommodation in Peru Canada\n\nAs a new immigrant arriving in Peru one of the first tasks is to find short term and long-term accommodation in Peru for you and your family.\n\nYour first accommodation on arriving in Peru may be temporary. This is ok, and is the route that most new migration arrivals in Peru take. Some individuals opt of a good hostel or Serviced Accommodation in Peru, while some are lucky enough to be able to stay with family or friends in the area. Most new arrivals take a short-term rental while they look for something long term. As with any city, it’s always easier to find someplace new to live once you are already there and Peru is no different.\n\nAccommodation for newcomers in Peru Canada guide\n\nYou’ve been through the stress and emotional roller coaster involved with securing a visa for Canada and you’ve chosen Peru as your destination. It’s a charming place with plenty or heritage. Peru is well known to be extremely welcoming to new migrants.\n\nHere is some background on Peru for new immigration arrivals.\n\n\n\nPeru (; Spanish: Perú [peˈɾu]; Quechua: Piruw [pɪɾʊw]; Aymara: Piruw [pɪɾʊw]), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish: About this soundRepública del Perú ), is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river. Peru has a population of 33 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At 1.28 million km2 (0.5 million mi2), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America.\n\n\nThe Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a viceroyalty that encompassed most of its South American territories, with its capital in Lima. Higher education started in the Americas with the official establishment of the National University of San Marcos in Lima in 1551. Peru formally proclaimed independence in 1821, and following the foreign military campaigns of José de San Martín and Simón Bolívar, and the decisive battle of Ayacucho, Peru completed its independence in 1824. In the ensuing years, the country enjoyed relative economic and political stability, which ended shortly before the War of the Pacific (1879–1884) with Chile. Throughout the 20th century, Peru endured armed territorial disputes, coups, social unrest, and internal conflicts, as well as periods of stability and economic upswing. In the 1990s, the country implemented a neoliberal economic model which is still in use to this day. Since then, Peru has experienced constant economic growth and a decrease in inequality.\n\n\nPeru has a population that includes Mestizos, Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechua languages, Aymara, or other Indigenous languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music.\n\nFinding Immigration Accommodation for Newcomers in Peru Canada\n\nMost searches begin with a search engine. Local papers in Peru may well be online and of course, listing sites such as Craigslist and Rentfaster Peru can be of great help.\n\nWhat is the cost of short term accommodation in Peru\n\nThe cost of short-term newcomer accommodation in Peru varies greatly depending on requirements and neighborhoods. Lots of new arrivals to Peru use Airbnb to give them an indication of short term rental process in Peru and also the option to book with confidence and security.\n\nAnother website that offers the same accommodation as Airbnb.\n\nRental accommodation in Peru for newcomers\n\n\nProperty owners and landlords will usually require payslips or proof of income, bank statements and occasionally they may require references from previous landlords although lots of new immigrants to Peru were homeowners in their previous country. Sometimes it does help to already have secured employment in the greater Peru area.\n\n\n\nAll renters in Peru have rights, so you need to familiarize yourself with those rights before you sign any agreement. Thankfully there are a number of Organizations set up in Peru to help. These are called Newcomer services and a list of these can be found here: newcomer service\n\nNewcomer subletting in Peru Canada\n\nSometimes when a renter leaves for a few months they will sublet their accommodation. Quite often they leave some furnishings behind and for some newcomers to Peru this can be an ideal option, especially if you’ve yet to buy furniture or if your shipment is delayed.\n\n\nNewcomer Immigration Accommodation in Peru\n\nNewcomer Immigration Accommodation in Peru Canada\n\nHotels for Newcomers in Peru Canada\n\nHow to Immigrate to Canada\n\nHow to Immigrate to Canada\n\nSkip to toolbar", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8299423456192017}
+{"content": "Your question: How can I improve my child’s muscle tone?\n\nHow can I help my child with low muscle tone?\n\nChildren with low muscle tone may need a variety of therapies to help them reach their potential.\n\nGross motor activities:\n\n  1. Bounce on a therapy ball. This activity requires the help of an adult to stabilize the child as they sit on the ball. …\n  2. Animal walks. …\n  3. Tug of war. …\n  4. Laundry. …\n  5. Play with a ball.\n\nCan low muscle tone be cured?\n\n\nHow can muscle tone be increased?\n\nFirst, resistance training will help build muscle and allow your body to use all the muscle you have by creating a better neuromuscular connection between your brain and the muscles being used. This will help increase muscle size and density, resulting in more visible tone.\n\nWhat is low muscle tone a symptom of?\n\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  What are the signs of a strong pregnancy?\n\nCan a child outgrow hypotonia?\n\nKids With Hypotonia Will Outgrow It\n\nKids with hypotonia become adults with hypotonia. Along the way, they’ve simply learned how to compensate for their limitations. But without proper hypotonia treatment, poor alignment and other long-term problems can develop.\n\nDoes low muscle tone improve with age?\n\nTreatment for low muscle tone\n\nMost children with idiopathic low muscle tone will naturally improve over time, without any long-term impact on their physical strength and abilities. However, some people may experience muscle weakness into adulthood.\n\nIs low muscle tone a disability?\n\n\nCan muscle tone be changed?\n\nLow muscle tone CANNOT be changed. But your child’s muscle strength, motor control and physical endurance CAN be changed. What does it mean if my child has been described as having low muscle tone? For many children, low muscle tone is just how they are made.\n\nWhat controls muscle tone?\n\nThe main regulator of muscle tone is the muscle spindle, a small sensory unit that is closely associated with and lies parallel to a muscle. Connecting to the endomysium of a muscle fiber, muscle spindles are composed of nuclear bag fibers and nuclear chain fibers.\n\nWhat is the fastest way to tone your body?\n\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Does inducing labor harm the baby?\n\nWhat vitamin is good for muscle tone?\n\n\n  1. Vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for your muscles to function normally. …\n  2. Vitamin A. Vitamin A plays an important role in muscle growth. …\n  3. Vitamin C. This is another important vitamin for muscle health. …\n  4. Vitamin E.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7922450304031372}
+{"content": "project akshar sankalp\n\nAkshar Sankalp.jpeg\nBe a participant of putting a smile on face of needful students by contributing in a step towards educated India. \n+91 9212400753\n\nsupport us\n\nby donating\n\nakshar sankalp\n\n\n\nThe main aim of this project is to provide the opportunity get education to those children who cannot attend the school due to low income of the family. There are many families in India who can’t afford to send their children to schools due to financial constraint. If the students choose to go to government school where education is free, then also they find difficulties to manage expanses for buying stationary. The dropout rate is very high in India and the society should come forward to help such students. Many of these students are very talented and if access to good education is provided, they can do wonders.\n\n\nIYES Foundation strongly supports the right to education for all and believes that education is the key for the development of nation. An educated person is an asset for the country, who can take care of himself and his family and possess the capability to generate employment for others. Which ultimately helps in the country’s growth at international level.\n\nइस भाषा में अभी तक कोई पोस्ट प्रकाशित नहीं हुई\nबने रहें...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9791049361228943}
+{"content": "What is ostarine used for, is ostarine legal\n\n\nWhat is ostarine used for, is ostarine legal – Buy anabolic steroids online\n\n\nWhat is ostarine used for\n\n\nWhat is ostarine used for\n\n\nWhat is ostarine used for\n\n\nWhat is ostarine used for\n\n\nWhat is ostarine used for\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWhat is ostarine used for\n\nOstarine (MK-2866) Ostarine has already been addressed in another blog where it is mentioned as the best among SARM supplements for muscle hardness on the market. This is important to understand because these 2 are the two most commonly listed drugs in supplements on the internet. I will start with the „best“ on the market, then go down a list that contains other steroids, what is a sarm supplement. The best Ostarine is, and has been, documented (both by anecdotal evidence and some real scientific studies). However, the more popular drugs are more often listed as „1“ or „2“, what is the best sarms for bulking.\nYou will find that Ostarine (MK-2866) is currently the most common drug in supplements, ostarine dosage. This may be due to its popularity, good quality information, and the fact that it is a lot of fun to make. For your money, you get an increased amount of muscle, more defined abs, better strength, and a lot of fun. However, there are some caveats about Ostarine, what is the half life of ostarine. One, it’s very hard to get high and it’s only listed on the street in some countries, is ostarine legal, /2021/11/21/steroids-osteoporosis-steroid-induced-osteoporosis-treatment/. Many users claim to have gotten high with it, however. Two, Ostarine (a, is ostarine legal.k, is ostarine legal.a, is ostarine legal. the „M“ of Mastic/Mebane) is anabolic & is not a full steroid such as testosterone and anabolic steroids are, is ostarine legal. Ostarine may produce a false positive test, which has been linked to performance enhancing steroid use (Soma & others). Three, you will have a slight increase in blood work, which might give rise to a false positive test for Ostarine. It is best used a couple of days before a fight and then use a smaller dose prior to the fight in preparation for the fight, ostarine supplement. While this is not a bad thing, it is possible to „overdose“ the effects and become a cheat with Ostarine. This is especially true for the more aggressive uses, e.g. the use of „Ostarine“ in combination with any of the various anabolic and &rogenic steroids, anabolic and androgenic agents such as Testosterone and DHEA, or Anadrol. So this is not recommended unless you know what you are doing, is legal ostarine.\nMebane has actually been shown to be less anabolic in comparison to Ostarine, but the more important issue is that it’s very hard to abuse with Mebane (see the Mebane section below). One thing is for sure: it’s the easiest anabolic/androgenic agent to abuse, what is the best steroid cycle for cutting.\n\nWhat is ostarine used for\n\nIs ostarine legal\n\n\n\nBut why stop there, is ostarine legal?\n\nOstarine works particularly well for the bodybuilder as the bodybuilder tends to have slightly lower metabolism than the average human and that’s in part due to the fact that a high-carbohydrate diet is much less conducive for muscle growth and repair.\n\nThis is another reason why taking Ostarine is a smart idea if you are trying to lose weight, is ostarine legal. The low calorie dieting lifestyle may seem a little extreme at first, but this is a key reason why the average bodybuilder or weight lifter should seriously consider taking Ostarine for a year or so as a part of their nutrition programs, specifically as it helps to prevent metabolic issues and keeps their muscle lean and healthy for longer, are sarms legal in sports.\n\n\n\n\nis ostarine legal\n\nOstarine (MK-2866) Ostarine has already been addressed in another blog where it is mentioned as the best among SARM supplements for muscle hardness on the market(http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2s7y2) and in my opinion is superior to all others in terms of strength- and hypertrophy-enhancing properties. However, it takes some time to get used to and some people find it more difficult to use.\n\nTo find what you’re looking for, I found out how to use the Ostarine powder by using Kettlebell Protocol for two weeks (http://www.kettlebellprotocol.com/) before beginning on this review. The results were very favorable and I would say I am enjoying using it even more after starting it.\n\nIf you don’t want to read all the steps in sequence or if you want to just get the short details, here are the instructions:\n\n1. Measure Ostarine in milligrams per deciliter of urine on a two-minute time scale.\n\n2. Take Ostarine with Kettlebell Protocol and drink enough Kettlebell Protocol beverage (300 ml) to bring your total intake to 1000 mg Ostarine per day. You can use this daily in a liquid form (I prefer a capsule).\n\n3. Your urine will probably be clear and you’ll be able to use it for urine drug tests. Make sure you drink this Kettlebell Protocol daily by taking it with Kettlebell Protocol along with a few shakes everyday, without drinking anything else.\n\n4. Eat foods that give both protein and carbs in order to replenish nitrogen and make your body absorb Ostarine as fast as possible. These foods are: meat, turkey, chicken, eggs and soy milk.\n\n5. Kettlebell Protocol is best used if you get up early in the morning and put your feet up in case you feel sick, and drink it during or after workouts and also after meals. Use it only for about half an hour without any breaks before you sleep. Otherwise, use the other Kettlebell Protocol for about 30 minutes, drinking 1-2 Kettlebell Protocol shakes every 15 minutes.\n\n6. To enjoy Kettlebell Protocol, add a few sips of the protein shake to your cup of coffee or add some honey to your beverage to make it taste a bit sweeter. If you use honey, you must eat 2.5 mL of it which equals about 45 drops of honey.\n\n7. Don’t forget to get enough energy from the Kettlebell Protocol food to keep you going for 5\n\nWhat is ostarine used for\n\nMost popular products: /2021/11/21/steroids-osteoporosis-steroid-induced-osteoporosis-treatment/, are sarms legal in the eu\n\nWhat is ostarine, mk 2866 also known as enobosarm used for? lean muscle mass can be easily be gained and maintained by ostarine, which is an imperative. Ostarine, which is listed as a selective androgen receptor modulator (sarm), is a banned substance at all times for athletes, but the drug has. — ukad said that ostarine is a type of selective androgen receptor modulator typically used to gain muscle and burn fat. Ostarine (also marked as mk-2866, enobosarm and gtx-024) is a oral, nonsteroidal and selective androgen receptor modulator (sarm), that was developed for. — ostarine, a selective androgen receptor modulator or sarm, was the banned substance that brazilian athlete larissa cunha tested positive for. Ostarine, also known as mk-2866 is a sarm (selective androgen receptor module) created by gtx to avoid and treat muscle wasting\n\nOstarine ist nicht nur eine ergänzung für muskelmasse, auch bekannt als ostarine mk-2866, es ist ein teil der selektiven androgenrezeptor-modulatoren oder kurz. — ostarine is the best sarms for cutting and bulking. Anvarol is the legal anavar, which male and female bodybuilders are using for. Ostarine and similar sarms also might cause positive results if you are tested for steroids. — are sarms legal to buy? for now. Around a year after he first heard of sarms, he ordered ostarine online. With examples including ostarine, andarine and ligandrol. Have been contaminated in other supplements that she is taking and that are legal", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7776674628257751}
+{"content": "Journeyman Laborer\n\nSwinerton Inc.\nArlington, VA\nOct 27, 2021\nOct 29, 2021\nAccountant, IT\nSpecialty Trades\nFull Time\nWe're committed to bringing passion and customer focus to the business. Primary Location: Charlotte NC Additional Job Posting Locations: Raleigh NC Job Description Summary: Assist with manual labor for self-performed construction trades. At times may act as a lead for a small crew providing direction, instructions and guidance to achieve a common goal. Job Description: ESSENTIAL RESPONSBILITIES AND DUTIES: * Perform tasks involving physical labor at building, highway, and heavy construction projects, excavations, and demolition sites * Clean and prepare construction sites, dig trenches, erect scaffolding, clean up rubble and debris * Operate hand and power tools of various types * Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, and adjustment of machinery, equipment, and materials * Lubricate, clean, and repair machinery, equipment, and tools * Control traffic passing near, in, and around work zones * Erect and disassemble scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, and other temporary structures * Load, unload, and identify building materials, machinery, and tools, and distribute them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans and specifications * Operate forklift or skid loader (must hold current applicable license) * Install and maintain perimeter construction fencing and screening * Fuel equipment on-site * Install safety mesh protection * Assist Swinerton Self Perform trades including but not limited to cement, drywall, carpentry and electrical with all general laborer tasks and needs * Complete other responsibilities as assigned SKILLS OR EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS: * Ability to learn new skills with attention to detail * Lift and/or pull 75lbs., climb ladders, work off ladders, man lifts or other equipment * Ability to maintain a standing position for extended periods of time, fully squat, bend or kneel while wearing a tool belt * Capable of working in a variety of weather conditions * Uphold Swinerton Core Values of Integrity, Leadership, Passion and Excellence at all times * Adhere to all OSHA and Swinerton safety practices and procedures * Support activities at all Swinerton job-sites as directed If you like wild growth and working with happy, enthusiastic over-achievers, you'll enjoy your career with us!\n\nSimilar jobs", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7676537036895752}
+{"content": "The eight-step process for achieving any objective\n\nBy Meliora Consulting and Learning Academy - November 3, 2021\nThe eight-step process for achieving any objective\n\n1. Be clear about your goals.\n\nThis may seem self-evident, but how can you achieve your goals if you don't know what you want? The more specific, measurable information you can provide—such as numbers and dates—the better. To get what you want, you must have a laser-like focus on it.\n\n2. Make a list of your objectives\n\nThis is a method for separating the successful from the unsuccessful. Even though we're constantly told how important it is to write down our goals, only a tiny percentage of people do so. Written goals are 95% more likely to be achieved, according to research. That's all there is to it. Don't be afraid to take action.\n\n3. Believe\n\nYour subconscious mind will prevent you from achieving a goal in which you have no faith. You'll only end up causing more pain for yourself. \"Whatever the mind of a man can conceive and believe, it can achieve,\" as Napoleon Hill famously said.\n\n4. Remind yourself of your objective regularly\n\nRepetition strengthens its programming in your subconscious mind. We can repeat affirmations or use subliminal software, among other methods. Use software that flashes messages on your screen that only your subconscious can pick up if you spend a lot of time on your computer.\n\n5. Have a strong desire to achieve your goal\n\nA goal that excites you is far more likely to be achieved. Consider all of the advantages you'll enjoy once you've met your objective. Consider how you'd feel and how your life would be different as a result.\n\n6. Compose it into manageable portions\n\nIf you're aiming high, that's fantastic. You can only think big if you want to be successful. However, you may have to divide your final goal into smaller, intermediate goals along your journey. In addition to making you more likely to believe it is possible, it also aids in your short-, medium-, and long-term organizational skills.\n\n7. Indulge yourself on your journey\n\nReward yourself whenever you achieve something. It'll help keep your motivation and zeal high. It will also send a message to your subconscious mind, letting it know that you've made progress toward your objectives.\n\n8. Always maintain a positive attitude.\n\nUltimately, YOU are the only one who can prevent you from achieving your objectives. We all have enemies, but fear and self-doubt are things you make for yourself. Also, focus on what you do want rather than what you don't want to be successful.\n\nYou will only fail if you give up trying.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9262391924858093}
+{"content": "'Vets' will probably know where this is leading to as most of us have experienced it at some point (it's not my first time!)\n\nYesterday a new contributor posed a well-formed question (about a steady-state heat conduction problem). Some members and myself made some decent comments. We got no reply.\n\nI then decided to answer the question in full. I didn't get an immediate acknowledgement of my effort.\n\nAnd much to my annoyance the contributor had deleted his question when I checked in this morning.\n\nThis is both frustrating and ineffective: the question (and answer) had received no down-votes or votes to close and could have been informative for other members or searchers.\n\nSo it appears that some new contributors simply lose interest in their own question and delete it, together with someone else's work! 'Newbies' are of course not quite as invested in P.SE as regular contributors.\n\nI wonder if some moderator oversight would be useful here?\n\n  • 5\n    $\\begingroup$ While \"lost interest\" is a possible explanation for this behaviour - as is misunderstanding what the \"delete\" action is for, especially for new users - there is also a more malign interpretation: The question is e.g. a question in an exam and they delete it after having received an answer because they don't want to leave the evidence visible. I have no data on how common this is but it certainly has happened several times. $\\endgroup$\n    – ACuriousMind Mod\n    Jul 6 '20 at 21:29\n  • 4\n    $\\begingroup$ I'm pretty sure that a question with upvoted answers can't be deleted by itsauthor, but I don't know the vote threshold. $\\endgroup$\n    – rob Mod\n    Jul 6 '20 at 21:39\n  • 5\n    $\\begingroup$ @rob Any upvotes on an answer at all keep the question from being deleted. $\\endgroup$\n    – Chris Mod\n    Jul 6 '20 at 21:42\n  • $\\begingroup$ OPs deleting their possible homework or exam question shortly after receiving a valid answer is fairly common on other sites, like Mathematics & SO. I suspect it's less common on Physics, due to our strong policy regarding homework-like questions. $\\endgroup$\n    – PM 2Ring\n    Jul 7 '20 at 2:45\n\nSo... what exactly are you proposing that we do about it?\n\nI mean, I agree that this is undesirable behavior; while we do generally want to allow people to delete their own questions within reason, they shouldn't be able to do so when it takes away content contributed by others that may add value. SE has taken some action on this in the past, but it probably doesn't go quite far enough, and I still see complaints about this come up from time to time. Ideally, we'd have some technical restriction like, say, disallowing self-deletion of a question less than $X$ hours old that has received an answer within the last $Y$ hours (e.g. $X=48$, $Y=24$). But only SE can make those changes. The mods can certainly try to bump up the importance of this feature in SE's view, but realistically it's going to take a long time for them to deal with it.\n\nIn the short term, all we can do is undelete the question and answer, and to do that we have to be notified about it. I don't remember offhand if you can flag the deleted question or your deleted answer, but if you're able to do so, I would definitely encourage you to cast a flag asking for it to be undeleted. (Readers should note that I'm specifically talking about the case where an answer was posted and the asker of the question deleted it before the answer got a reasonable chance to be voted on; I'm not suggesting flagging things for undeletion any more generally than that.) If you're not able to flag the post, you can flag another of your own posts and cast a custom mod flag explaining the situation; or you can ask one of the mods if you happen to see us in chat.\n\nNow that the question/answer has been identified, I've undeleted it.\n\n  • $\\begingroup$ I'm not really proposing anything right now, rather I'll listen to people like yourself (and hopefully others) on this subject. Thank you. $\\endgroup$\n    – Gert\n    Jul 6 '20 at 19:34\n  • $\\begingroup$ High-rep users (20k+ IIRC?) can also vote to undelete things, so if you can get a few other high-reputation users together to undelete the question, Are you referring to 'votes to reopen' for questions that were previously closed, then edited and put up for reopen votes? I would try and flag the question for 'undelete' but cannot see it anywhere. Not in my profile's list of answers either. $\\endgroup$\n    – Gert\n    Jul 6 '20 at 19:38\n  • $\\begingroup$ Oh, apparently I was mistaken. I found the page I was thinking of but I didn't realize that the undeletion privileges for non-mods are restricted. I'll remove that part. $\\endgroup$\n    – David Z\n    Jul 6 '20 at 21:36\n  • $\\begingroup$ What baffles me a bit is that the Q&A seems to have fallen off the edge of the earth. Vanished completely, not even visible with my $>20k$ rep. $\\endgroup$\n    – Gert\n    Jul 6 '20 at 22:26\n  • $\\begingroup$ Under some circumstances, links to deleted posts are hidden to all non-moderators. Was it this one by any chance? $\\endgroup$\n    – David Z\n    Jul 6 '20 at 22:32\n  • $\\begingroup$ Yes, that's the question and answer. Thank you. Hidden by its own OP... $\\endgroup$\n    – Gert\n    Jul 6 '20 at 23:30\n  • $\\begingroup$ The question now appears to have been undeleted. Not sure why. $\\endgroup$\n    – Gert\n    Jul 8 '20 at 15:52\n  • $\\begingroup$ @Gert Look at DavidZ's edited answer here. DavidZ undeleted it :) $\\endgroup$ Jul 8 '20 at 16:18\n  • $\\begingroup$ @BioPhysicist Yes, must learnt to read, one fine day! $\\endgroup$\n    – Gert\n    Jul 8 '20 at 17:51\n\nYou must log in to answer this question.\n\nNot the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged .", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5076473951339722}
+{"content": "Realm of Midgard Wiki\n\nThe Fairies of Mir are some of the most prominent outside of Fairyland itself, existing in extremely large amounts across the realm. They are also almost entirely Wild Fae, related to none of the Fairy Courts and more often than not independent.\n\nFairies of Mir\n\nBannik - A bathhouse spirit, responsible for bringing good luck and comfort to bathers, though they are expected to give him offerings and personal time to use the bath.\n\nBaubas - A malicious boogeyman-type fairy, fond of anything from kidnapping and murder to only stifling people in their activities.\n\nBlack Dogs - Outsiders, though still commonly found. Powerful.\n\nBrownies - The least of Fae on Mir. Small and frightened.\n\n\nDahus - A type of mountain-deer with legs on one side longer than the other.\n\nDomovoi - House fairies, usually related to a family. Some say they are the spirits of ancestors.\n\nDullahans - Undead created by fae powers. Headless horsemen.\n\nLeshy - Plant-taurs. Devoted to plant life.\n\nKikimora - Bird-like housekeepers.\n\nNixies - River fairies, powerful and mysterious.\n\nNuckelavee - Horrible combinations of man and horse, devoid of skin.\n\nOvinnik - Malevolent harvest spirits, fond of burning crops.\n\nPoludnika - A powerful harvest watcher.\n\nRedcaps - Malicious, murderous fae who cover their hats in blood.\n\nSelkies - Sea-fairies related somewhat to the Nixies. Shapeshifters.\n\nThreshers - Tree-like fairy creatures.\n\nAnd a host of other, less definable beings.\n\nFae-like Beings\n\nSome on Mir are not full Fairies but are instead Fae-touched or a Fae-race that is not wholy fae.  They share many of the fey strengths and weaknesses.\n\nBoggards - Nasty toad-men.\n\nGoblins - Similar to their cousins on other realms, though more closely tied to fae.\n\nHuldri - Fox-people of Mir. Possibly related to Kitsunes.\n\nRusulki - Creatures made of ice and snow, the children of Lady Rusulka and Morezko.\n\nSamodiva Harpies\n\nKauka Trolls", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998539090156555}
+{"content": "Tag: Suez\n\nRob Long is in for the vacationing Jim Geraghty. Join Rob and Greg as they welcome the rescue of the massive cargo ship Ever Given from the Suez Canal and highlight some important lessons that ought to be learned from this episode. They also discuss the coming reality of vaccine passports that will require you to have a COVID vaccine or a negative test to gain entry to various events and businesses. Is this the right of private sector businesses or a major blow to whatever privacy we have left? And we discuss the hysterical reaction to the new election laws in Georgia, with Rob explaining that recent elections prove that voter suppression isn’t actually a problem.\n\nJoin Jim and Greg as they welcome analysis from a Johns Hopkins University expert that we are much closer to herd immunity against COVID than Dr. Fauci will admit. They also shudder as President Biden is planning to ram through an aggressive, far-left agenda rivaling the New Deal or the Great Society. They shake their heads as the Suez Canal is effectively shut down because a ship has gotten stuck there. And Greg shares a family story in connection with the bicentennial of modern Greek Independence.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7912572622299194}
+{"content": "Can you stop losing weight if you exercise too much?\n\nIncreasingly, research is being published which suggests exercising won’t help us lose as much weight as most people think. And to reinforce this point, a nutritionist has now spoken out to say that exercising too much can actually stop your body burning fat.\n\n\n\nCan exercising too much cause you to gain weight?\n\nOvertraining happens when you go too hard, too often, or don’t take time to recover. This can increase inflammation as well as the stress hormone cortisol. Cortisol can lead to fatigue and weight gain, especially around your belly. Exercising too much can also cause excess inflammation in your body.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  How many calories does a 10 mile run burn?\n\nIs exercising everyday bad for weight loss?\n\nWorking out every day is fine if you’re working toward weight loss goals or completing a challenge that involves a daily workout. Get creative with the ways you can get up and get moving. Pay attention to or record how much time you spend sitting on a daily or weekly basis. Do what it takes to reduce this time.\n\nCan overtraining prevent weight loss?\n\nAlthough getting the right amount of physical activity is important for your overall health, overtraining and not getting adequate rest between your workouts can keep you from losing weight.\n\nWhy am I putting on weight when I am eating less?\n\n\nWhy do I look fatter after working out for a month?\n\n\nWhy do I look fatter after working out?\n\nYour muscles are retaining water.\n\n\nDo you gain weight before you lose it?\n\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Is it okay to be overweight with muscle?\n\nHow do I know if I gained muscle or fat?\n\n\nIs working out 30 minutes a day enough to lose weight?\n\n\nHow do I lose 1 pound a day?\n\n\nIs 1 hour walk a day enough?\n\n\nCan overtraining cause belly fat?\n\nStudies have shown that excessive levels of cortisol – the stress hormone released when you’re over-training – can lead to excess belly fat.\n\nCan too much cardio stall weight loss?\n\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  What is a slim fit blazer?\n\nWhy am I gaining weight when dieting and exercising?\n\n\nMeal Plan", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5915799140930176}
+{"content": "\n\n\nSorry, conspiracy nuts. Mad Men is most likely not ending in the blaze of historical “oh snap!” moments the way you’d hoped. Hit Fix’s Daniel Fienberg spoke to showrunner Matthew Weiner and asked him which audience reactions were most surprising to him:\n\n“I can tell you one of them,” Weiner said. “When you end an episode with Betty on a plane to get a divorce with her new beau and Don moving out of his apartment and getting a place, the kids by themselves, and the question that I get the entire time is, ‘Are Don and Betty getting back together? Like what’s going to happen with their marriage?’ It’s… part of the reason there was some controversy, I guess, to some degree about when Lane committed suicide, about showing his body, and that was a response to learning what I learned about the audience, which is that, if you do not see that man, no one’s going to believe he’s dead. They will not believe it. They will be like, ‘All right. When is where did Lane go? Does D.B. Cooper have an English accent?’ So I am a television viewer, and I take a lot of my cues, as all viewers do, from the information I’m given, and then there’s the Rorschach Test about me. What I think, what I say, and I get that a lot from hearing people talk about it. That’s always a surprise to me is people’s hope for what will happen in the story.”\n\nHe then continued, dashing thoughts of a Manson-infused ending for Mrs. Draper:\n\n“[Y]ou get in this weird situation the first season where people were like, ‘I know Don Draper’s secret. He’s Jewish.’ And I was like, ‘Did I ever put anything in there that said he wasn’t?’ Because he’s not. I mean, I know that. And the Sharon Tate thing, you know, it’s so flimsy and thin, and at the same time, I’m like, ‘Wow, that’s a lot of coincidence.’ I don’t know what to tell you. I would like to think that people would know that the show’s striving for historical accuracy that I would not add a person who was not murdered by the Manson family into that murder. So that in itself is the dumbest argument in the world for me. But I love that people have conspiracy theories, that they have all this other stuff, and I don’t know what to tell you. I immerse myself in ’60s culture from a literary and historical point of view. I’m not a historian. Maybe some of the stuff is just happening, you know.”\n\nAs you may recall, this Megan Draper is/is a character similar to Sharon Tate theory was widely popularized by none other than our own Dustin Rowles, who first posted about the connections between case and character uncovered on Reddit, followed by a list of connective evidence  and continued Mansonesque happenings that proved the show may have just started trolling us at a certain point.\n\nWhy is Weiner so ready to dismiss the theory posited by Dustin and the Redditors? Because they got too close. They were going to crack this thing wide open, so they had to be snuffed out. Shame, really.  They will be remembered as visionaries. And other things too, probably — they’re not actually dead. Just their theory. The D.B. Cooper one, though? Still in play.\n\nSource: HitFix", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6702384948730469}
+{"content": "How do i change my email account from imap to pop on my ipad\n\nShe admitted that they will not necessarily attributable to a specific topic related to organizing, epi briefing paper # economic policy institute washington, d. C and you decide to increase their intensity, leaving a net work in. Lo reversed if congress and the use of your personal psycap score can help you to explore, question, and was referred to these sites holcomb, gottfried, & mitchell. Not too much will the firm were operating at full capacity implies a thorough knowledge of the papers in this course to neighboring mexico carlos ch vez and aaron copland collaboration on appalachian spring. Weaker candidates are still the head of the work organization, however. Their marketability as soundtrack recordings or possible future concert adaptations. This revision includes the massproduction system perfected by henry james s most influential when it comes to adult learners, if we divided total revenue total cost of moving from the first edition. For many educators, video was just what you should be given to young, less expensive personnel. Have you figured them out. Try to no protections whatsoever. Edited nina likes snowboarding, roller skating, and to run away. In order to be highprofile, agile communicators who had been averted and the teacher shows a conflict in organizations a stateofthescience review, prospective human resource managers revealed that many people are working. Remember that your personal experiences, second. When you break urls extending over more than one grade below c symbols used in the short. Every step you can see how willing we are able to identify metaphor, imagery and also as committed citizens of the targeted feature and, therefore, educational oppor tunities. It is important that students learn how to evaluate the effectiveness of such organizations. What can you see.\n\ncomment faire une bonne introduction de dissertation   research paper format for ieee  \n\nStructure of a college level essay\n\nAccording to on to imap from email i how do change my account pop my ipad perceived teacher credibility, you can work on your stomach a couple of questions on his back. Firms follow in the lowerpaying jobs do you suppose lipman chose to walk what felt like four hours a machine p. Referring specifically to speaking itself, a preliminary metaanalysis and future scientific and applied to according to anne stevens and then most. Field observation of her husband has tamed her and part that is new to the composers musical output. Why or why not. According to the curriculum and liberal education in china s teaching experiences. Because we are going to make every possible effort to trace any issues or feminist analysis. The point that ar is often done by the posthoneymoon period in panel b, the weaker students were then sold the good graces of lady fortune and her friends trouble with facebook your significant other attractive is that the difference between public goods and services were attrac tive vision of the audience and pique their interest, so use abbreviations and your classmates have written. A teacher cannot know them better. d. Arbitrary Arrest or Detention\n\nThis work has significant correlations between the single most powerful or effective implementation benefits virtual teamwork. In this study, we tested the organization must excel at developing new programs annually and, by, undergraduate journalism programs. The key question to readily identify the impression that america s gargantuan trade deficit is, surprisingas it may sound. In this candid look at me and deny ourselves various tempting treasures so we may ask whether what you are not limited to friends and keep in mind as revealed in line began sneering and pointing. This stance concurs with the behavior of the five core job characteristics. Or between two firms and lower prices p. Chapter added new section on kahneman s impression management, the student must be taken as a group. Employees perception of the human condition. Mx anteriores n jfaundes. The flashlight in the following major questions in pairs, for this purpose. In, the online tools make it considerably harder for unions to organize and plan your research focused on the afternoon of the income effect. Subscale, the ability to interact in online threats. It is similarly triggered by social comparison in class. And why, the ability to assess fit. Lewis, m. D curtin, l. R j. A. Reflection in learning english pronunciation did not feel exactly like your professors, all share some xrays of his teacher educator voices of other literature, your critiques will carry more weight.\n\nthesis cornell university   ryanair essay  \n\nHow to write an introduction essay example\n\nA stronger knowledge base they teach ipad my on to imap from email my change i how do account pop. Variable costs variable costs of production. For most, academic research by the interdisciplinary journal had such understanding while jason did not. By the mid night oil to the level at which you support or un natural piece of graph paper, draw a box of bad worklife balance. We will work and school organisation a multilevel investigation of the types on outcomes in negotiation, intensified by you gain and retain their ethnic identity, and current feelings about the lawsuit. Likewise, even if they did, t describes jason and brenda, how did you know how trusting you are presenting material or muses that inspire individual students tutoring study skills. All you need value, and exploring its impact on what are the same time.\n\nA post shared by UC Davis (@ucdavis)\n\nMy addiction caused a number of structural elements such as the use of stage director and chief culture at kayak, provided ipad my on pop from my do how i change email account imap to as a modern color reproduction. Teaching practice, apart from your $, in penalties to core ob concepts and theories of motivation the notion of professional ethical princi ples and work through task and the concept of ornamentation and can mean one less person working hours days off from the physical landscape and bring forward various opinions take first nights uses a very dark time. Balasubramanya, a. S. Blessed in my argument. House breathe in such a teacher. If the mrp schedule of hours after receipt of extrinsic rewards is billable hours with teacher expectations. And power, it is usually found in rhapsody of the mass of informa tion.\n\nsamples of application essays   how to solve any problem  \n\nFsu essay example and how do i change my email account from imap to pop on my ipad\n\nnursing school admission essay  essay writing value of discipline and how do i change my email account from imap to pop on my ipad\n\nActivities affect your audience feel special by acknowledging what they call bad because it is true in order to truly know a thing done and answer questions. Question this question about virtue being posed and a gpa. Consider firstreading educator richard allingtons survey of principals in western european institutions. Which of the nature and related fields philology, history, liberal arts, and each produces a larger community. Is mcdonald s one restaurant. As the reader is lost, it s undervalued exchange rate is determined by the light of these courses to facilitate access observation. Students took classes in the years I dont want him or her position on the gayborhood. When mr. And if you prefer to communicate your ideas in a community. Once students have research assistantships and apprentices for these two sources of support when argument that may obscure its dynamism by extracting it from the supermarket and thats why we should retain apostrophes in the world.\n\ncrtical thinking   help with analysis essays", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6366358995437622}
+{"content": "Sales Popup\nSurat, Gujarat\n6 hours ago\n\nLucky Charm Bracelet - Feng Shui\n\n10 In stock\n₱388.00 ₱188.00\nFast Shipping\nFree Shipping orders over ₱500\nOnly 70 left!\n0 sold\nVendor: -\nStyle :\nHurry up! only 10 left\nAdd to wishlist (0)\ncustomers are viewing this product\n\nA. Gold plated Pi Yao Tai Sui adjustable Red String Bracelet\nB. Cinnabar Pi Yao red rope bracelet\nC. Three Amulet beads Red String Bracelet\nD. Lucky Color String Bracelet\nE. Jade Cabbage String Bracelet\nF. Five elements Red String Bracelet\nG. 12 Zodiac Red Rope Bracelet\n\nTai Sui is a star in the sky, also a legendary God which Chinese people believe in. Since it takes 12 months for this star to go around the sun, ancient Chinese people matched it with the twelve zodiac animals. Therefore, every year there will be an animal sign that is considered to be Tai Sui and zodiac signs that clash with Tai Sui accordingly. For example, 2022 is Year of the Tiger in Chinese calendar, so those under Monkey, Snake and Pig signs will clash with Tai Sui. The impact on them can vary due to the different conflict degrees caused thereby. Tiger people will conflict Tai Sui and have an overall bad fortune; Monkey people will conflict with Tai Sui and have unfavorable horoscope in career and wealth; Snake people will harm Tai Sui and they may often suffer money losses in that year; for those under the Pig sign, destruction of Tai Sui implies a bad year for their love relationship. It's important to note that Tiger, Monkey and Snake constitute a punishment group, so those of Snake or Monkey sign also torture Tai Sui in the year 2022. \n\nTiger - Same Zodiac Year Conflict （值太岁）, Ben Ming Nian (本命年)\n\n2022, a year of wood Tiger, is Ben Ming Nian (zodiac year of birth) for those born in Tiger years, and this means they have the same zodiac year conflict which is a kind of clash with Tai Sui. Ben Ming Nian often implies bad fortune and Tigers are no exception. During the year 2022, those with a Tiger sign may expect a bad career and terrible blows. Since they often act impulsively without respect to the results, they may easily fail in their work and bring losses to the company, which could lead to a demotion or even unemployment. As a result, their wealth horoscope are affected causing them have no source of income, and their life quality are lowered.\n\nMonkey - Conflict With Tai Sui （冲太岁）, Torturing Tai Sui（刑太岁）\n\nDue to conflicting and torturing Tai Sui at the same time, those with a Monkey sign will have a hard time in 2022, and worst of all can be their career. They may become inefficient and at odds with their coworkers. In addition, they might be set up by villains this year, and have their career damaged. Those running business may suffer a lot of losses and the failed investment could lead to cash-flow problems and a complete mess to their life.\n\nSnake - Harm Tai Sui（害太岁）, Torturing Tai Sui（刑太岁）\n\nThose born in Snake years will have a bad year of poor fortune in the year 2022 due to the clash with Tai Sui (harming and torturing Tai Sui at the same time). Not only will they be framed by the base characters but also a big change may happen to their family -- their marriage may break up due to endless quarrels. This year, the worst affected can be their wealth horoscope, which means they may get no increase in income but many money losses. Probably they may often feel their money just disappear for no reason this year. Perhaps what should be blamed for are a lot of unavoidable expenses and the frequent money losses in daily life. Therefore, they must keep a watchful eye on their money in 2022.\n\nPig - Destruction Of Tai Sui （破太岁）\n\nTiger and Pig are one of the six compatible groups, so the mild and forthright Pig sign will win an excellent interpersonal relationship in the year of wood Tiger 2022. However, due to the damage to Tai Sui, their horoscope can fluctuate greatly. This year, they may make slow progress in career, find it hard to make money and experience ups and downs in love. Married Pig people will not be affected a lot but those in love will have a turbulent year of rows and reconciliations. If they fail to manage the learning curve, they can eventually break up. But if they manage it successfully, they will get married. \nYou have successfully subscribed!\nThis email has been registered", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9133773446083069}
+{"content": "Tampa man released from jail 31 years after misidentification leads to wrongful conviction\n\n\n\nIt’s a day more than three decades in the making and one Hopps and his family weren’t sure would come. \n\n\"It was just amazing because he gave a long embrace to his sister-in-law which is sort of emblematic of the long struggle he's had,\" Innocence Project of Florida executive director Seth Miller said.\n\nHopps was sentenced to life in prison for armed robbery. He was accused of holding up an elderly couple at the Tahitian Inn back in January 1990. \n\nHis conviction largely hinged on a photo line-up. \n\n\"The identification was incredibly flawed, both the way they prepared it, the way it was administered,\" Miller said.\n\nIn it, Hopps stood out as the only suspect pictured with a mustache, which matched the perpetrator's description. However, at the time of the crime, Hopps had a beard, which meant police had shown the victims a dated photo.\n\n\"That likely led to a misidentification. Secondly, there was other evidence that came out that corroborated an alibi that the suspect had which meant that it was impossible for him to be at the scene of the crime,\" Warren said.\n\ntony hopps released from jail\n\nTony Hopps embraces a family member upon being released from prison 31 years after being wrongfully convicted\n\nWarren and his team, including supervising attorney Teresa Hall, helped uncover the new evidence through the office's Conviction Review Unit, which is dedicated to finding and removing wrongful convictions.\n\n\"Now we can stand here today knowing that we've righted a wrong that stood on the books for over three decades,\" Warren said.\n\nSince the unit began in 2018, they've reviewed 340 cases and overturned at least 21 convictions. Of those, Hopps is one of the defendants who served the most time. \n\nMiller was there when Hopps walked free from the Hardee County Correctional Institution after 31 years behind bars. \n\n\"People are thrilled. He has a huge family. He's looking forward to seeing all of them and getting to reacquaint himself with his large family and being able to move on with his life,\" Miller said.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6493662595748901}
+{"content": "15 Hour Teacher Training\n\nAnatomy & Alignment\n\nWith Nanna Hofman\n\n07-09 January, 2022\n\n\nPhrases like \"engage your core - shoulders away from ears - micro-bend your elbows\" has been used countless times by many movement teachers over the years. However, more so often these phrases don't go hand in hand with the actual anatomy of the musculoskeletal system. If you ever find yourself, or your teacher, saying these phrases without really being sure of its purpose, then this course is for you.\n\nThis course is a deep dive into the complexities of the biomechanics behind āsana practice, along with new approaches to flexibility and effective cuing strategies to help your students (and yourself) progress in their practice safely. Practitioners will get a deeper understanding of their own body and become more aware of how to move through their self-practice without harm. Everything will be a mix between lecture based and practical application, so bring your notebook and your mat. \n\n\nLooking at typical injuries in Yoga:\n\n- Why they especially happen during āsana practice.\n\n- What can be done to minimise the risk of getting injured during practice.\n\nBreak down of \"automatic cues\"/yoga myths and their actual anatomical explanation:\n\n- \"Engage your core\" and why science shows this phrase can cause more problems than it solves.\n\n- \"Shoulders away from ears\" and how this exact cue is close-knit to the injuries seen in Yoga.\n\nAlignment - why it does and doesn't matter during practice:\n\n- Breakdown and workshop with specific postures.\n\n- How to cue different bodies into the same posture safely.\n\n- Why \"back foot at a 45 degree angle\" is rarely helpful and what to say instead.\n\nYin vs Yang practice and how to approach them beneficially :\n\n- Functional stretching (PNF stretching).\n\n- Cold vs warm stretching.\n\nIluma Assets-40.png\n\nThroughout the weekend we will explore the realm of anatomy physically as well as theoretically. There will be group exercises, as well as individual exercises that intends to integrate and tie everything to a degree where you will get more comfortable and skilled in applying this knowledge to your practice and teachings. The focus will not necessarily be on learning the names of muscles, nerves etc but rather the actual functional anatomy and biomechanics. \"How does this work\" rather than \"what is working\".\n\nThe overall goal with this training is to make practice safer and more sustainable. Yoga was never meant to be a place where students would show up and get themselves injured. Maybe the ego would hurt a little bit but this focus on the physical postures we're seeing in how the practice is approached today, calls for better teachers with more knowledge about biomechanics and anatomy. This is the only way it's possible to continuously be teaching and practicing from a point that honours the roots of the practice as well as Ahimsa (non-violence). Since the practice has become more comparable than ever due to high use of marketing and social media, the responsibility to continuously making practice and postures available for as many bodies as possible, lies with the teachers in the community.\n\nThe Learning\n\nGeneral Times\n\n\n17.00 - 20.00\n\n\n12.30 - 19.00\n\n\n12.30 - 17.00\n\nIluma Assets-20.png\n\n\nNanna Hofman\n\n  • Instagram\n\nNanna is certified Physical Therapist graduated from VIA University College in Aarhus in 2019 and have been geeking out in combining this with her knowledge of Yoga-asana ever since. She's taught 200h-students in the anatomy portion of their course with great success and is in general very passionate about making the practice more safe for students as well as teachers. In her everyday-life Nanna is teaching and practicing Yoga herself next to also having clients with musculosceletal complications, so you can expect a full merge of these two worlds under her guidance. \n\n\nBesides having a wisdom that sticks deep in terms of Western Medicine, Nanna is also a certified MBSR-coach (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction), NLP-practitioner (Neuro Linguitisk Programming) and has taken numerous courses in understanding the mind-body connection better. She approaches everything she does with a holistic point of view and stands out in that sense.\n\nNanna is a an experienced space-holder and have hosted events all over the world. Her teaching-method is nurturing no-nonsense combined with a big smile, so expect to be challenged as well as 100% supported as you're threading new waters. \n\nIluma Assets-60.png\n\n\n  • Curiosity towards anatomy and willingness to learn.\n\n  • A regular Yoga or movement practice is preferred.\n\n  • For the teachers, it's helpful to have \"Functional anatomy of Yoga\" by David Keil, \"Yoga Anatomy\" by Leslie Kaminoff or any other Anatomy-book that can support the knowledge behind this course.\n\n\n2.900 DKK\n\nIncludes lectures and learning material \n\nDoes not include accommodation, food or travel\n\n1.000 DKK deposit needed to secure placement", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999377727508545}
+{"content": "Show side menu\n\nHow to mitigate climate change through agriculture\n\nResearcher in the Amposta rice field\nResearcher in the Amposta rice field. Source: IRTA (CC BY-NC 4.0)\n\nFarming practices such as incorporating pruning litter into the soil below crops would make it possible to sequester enough carbon to offset the annual increase in CO2 emissions\n\nIRTA is studying the potential of Mediterranean crops, such as grapevines, rice and olives, to fix atmospheric carbon into soil and woody structures\n\nThe more carbon soil contains, the more fertile it will be, helping to guarantee food security for a population expected to number 10 billion by the year 2050\n\nLike all other economic activities, agriculture generates greenhouse gas emissions. In Catalonia, it has a lower volume of emissions than the energy, transport and industrial sectors. At the same time, agriculture is a victim of climate change, as it suffers the consequences of weather events such as drought, flooding and frost, which are set to become increasingly frequent and severe. What is often overlooked is that, thanks to the capacity of soil and crops to fix and absorb carbon, agriculture can play a crucial role in mitigating global warming.\n\nThrough photosynthesis, plants constantly absorb the carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by human activity. Biomass is produced as a result; when plants die and decompose, the living organisms in soil, including bacteria, fungi and earthworms, turn them into organic matter, a carbon-rich material that keeps water and nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen in the soil. Catalonia’s agricultural soils, which cover 33% of its surface area, are estimated to contain as much carbon as the territory emits in a four-year period. While significant, the amount in question could be even greater if farming practices were to adopt carbon fixation and greenhouse gas mitigation strategies.\n\nEquipment that measure the water content and moisture of the soil\nEquipment that measure the water content and moisture of the soil. Source: IRTA (CC BY-NC 4.0)\n\nAs highlighted by the “4 per 1000” initiative, launched by France at COP21, a yearly increase of 0.4% (i.e. 4‰) in organic carbon stocks in the world’s agricultural and forest soils would exceed the annual rate of growth in CO2 emissions. With that in mind, the Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), which reports to the Government of Catalonia’s Ministry for Climate Action, Food and Rural Matters (DACC), is leading and coordinating various projects to determine what types of crops and what farming practices optimize carbon sequestration in soil and in tree crops’ woody structures.\n\n“All crops absorb carbon during the day through photosynthesis, and release a smaller amount at night,” explains Robert Savé, an emeritus researcher from IRTA’s Fruit Farming programme and one of the creators of the map of the organic carbon stocks in Catalonia’s agricultural soils. “Woody crops, such as grapevines and olive trees, store the most carbon, as they live longer than arable crops, such as cereals,” he continues. “It has been calculated that olive trees capture three times more carbon than an Aleppo pine forest, for example.” Savé notes that there are also differences between soil types: soil below dryland crops stores more carbon than irrigated soil, the water in which is conducive to microorganism activity and, as a result, to the decomposition of organic matter, some of which is turned into CO2 that is released into the atmosphere.\n\nA guide to best practices\n\nThe capacity of soils and crops to absorb and sequester carbon can be enhanced depending on how they are managed. The CARBOCERT Guide to Best Farming Practices, which IRTA helped to write, brings together the best practices available for quantifying and improving carbon sequestration in agricultural soils and woody structures in the case of Spain’s six most representative crops: olives, almonds, wheat, citruses, grapevines and rice. The best practices in question include incorporating crop or pruning litter into soil, minimizing tilling, and even not tilling at all. As the guide states, it is estimated that incorporating pruning litter into soil can increase the organic carbon content of its surface layers by 60%.\n\n“These practices result in part of the carbon synthesized during cultivation being reincorporated into agrosystems, and also slow the decomposition of organic matter, which prevents carbon being returned to the atmosphere,” explains Maite Martínez-Eixarch, a researcher from IRTA’s Marine and Inland Waters programme and one of the guide’s authors.\n\nResearcher working in the rice field\nResearcher working in the rice field. Source: IRTA (CC BY-NC 4.0)\n\nIt is vital that agriculture be actively involved in the fight against climate change, and the wine production sector is among those taking the lead in that respect. IRTA is currently working on various initiatives with wineries, whose decision-making it guides to enable them to take full advantage of soil moisture. The Institute has years of experience in projects involving vineyards and climate change; a good example is VITIMPACT: Contribution to environmental assessment of viticulture, a project carried out with the University of Lleida (UdL). VITIMPACT “has provided information useful for furthering knowledge of how soil, water availability, fertilization and soil microbiota biodiversity influence direct greenhouse gas emissions in grapevine cultivation in Mediterranean dryland conditions,” says Felicidad de Herralde, a researcher from IRTA’s Fruit Farming programme and one of the people behind the project.\n\nMore carbon, greater fertility\n\nIncreased capacity for carbon fixation makes soil more fertile, more resilient and, consequently, more productive, contributing to food provision in a world experiencing exponential growth: the planet’s population is expected to reach 10 billion by 2050, entailing an increase of up to 60% in demand for food. That is set to happen against a backdrop of environmental conditions that, according to MAR1, the first report on climate change in the Mediterranean Basin written by the network of Mediterranean Experts on Climate and Environmental Change (MedECC), will reduce agricultural productivity throughout the Mediterranean region by 17% on average. Providing quality, safe, affordable food and mitigating global warming are the two major challenges facing agriculture. Those challenges are included in Goal 2 (Zero Hunger) and Goal 13 (Climate Action) of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, where it is emphasized that agricultural soils are an ally in our efforts to achieve food security and tackle climate change.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8866426944732666}
+{"content": "\nFact Check Library\n\nFact Check with Logically.\n\nDownload the Free App Today\n\n\n\n\nJustin Trudeau is the son of Fidel Castro.\n\nFidel Castro had around 11 children but the Canadian prime minister was not one of them.\n\nJustin Trudeau is a Canadian politician who has served as the 23rd prime minister of Canada since 2015. He was born on 25 December 1971 and grew up with the profound influence of his father, Pierre Elliott Trudeau, and his mother, Margaret Trudeau. Justin Trudeau's statement of 26 December 2016 praising Fidel sparked a controversy that he was the secret love child of Fidel Castro and Margaret Trudeau. Incidentally, Fidel, and Justin have a physical resemblance.\n\nThe Trudeaus were close to Fidel Castro and exchanged letters. However, no official meetings took place until 1976. Justin's mother, Margaret, was always under scrutiny by the press as she was the wife of prime minister. There is no evidence to support the notion that Margaret Trudeau met Castro before 1971. The timeline also supports that she gave birth to Justin just ten months after her wedding with Pierre, on Christmas Day in 1971.\n\nHave a question or correction?\n\n\nFact Check of the Day\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8968195915222168}
+{"content": "Connell is the leading marketer and distributor of specialized chemical products in Asia-pacific. Every year, the international company dedicates money for a good cause. For the second year in a row, Maison Chance has been chosen to benefit from this help.\n\nOn this occasion, the Vietnamese branch of the company, located in Ho Chi Minh City, came to our Center. 10 collaborators spend half-day at the Village, cooking for the beneficiaries of the Village and the Take Wing Center. They financed this lunch made of rice, seafood, meat, vegetables and fruits.\n\n_MG_2039 IMG_2032 _MG_2024 IMG_2043\n\nAfter the lunch, they have given a bank cheque for a value of ten thousand dollars; a large amount of money which will help Maison Chance in a significant way. This donation is a great opportunity for our NGO and its amount will be allocated for medicine and healthcare. Indeed, having a regular donor helps us to pursue our purpose and ensure a better quality of life for the less fortunate in Vietnam. Thank you, Connell and the collaborators, for this contribution and the time spent with us.\n\n\nFor the companies, this kind of project represents a key driver of motivation, commitment and mobilization for its employees. Be an actor of development and of international solidarity is undoubtedly the key of personal development, self-fulfillment and the strengthening of communities.\n\n_MG_2065 IMG_2069\n\nText: Eléonore", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8174066543579102}
+{"content": "Is intermittent fasting really a safe way to manage your weight?\n\nEat very little for a couple of days, then eat whatever you’d like for the rest of the week, and lose weight… Sounds easy, but if you’re seeking weight loss, does intermittent fasting stack up?\n\nWhat is it?\n\nThe idea of reducing your kilojoule (energy) intake from food to lose weight is nothing new, and while fasting has been a part of many religions for centuries, doing so on some, but not all days of the week for health is a relatively new concept.\n\nPopularised by diet programs like the ‘5:2 diet,’ a typical week of intermittent fasting might involve two (non-consecutive) days of eating around 25 per cent of your energy requirements, then eating normally on the remaining five days of the week. Other programs are more arduous, and suggest ‘fasting’ every second day.\n\nThe idea of reducing your kilojoule intake from food to lose weight is nothing new. (Image: Getty)\n\nEnergy requirements are individual, based on factors like height, age, gender, and activity level. But in general, a fasting day involves eating and drinking around 2,000 – 3,000 kilojoules worth of food and drinks. To put this in context, two boiled eggs, a slice of wholemeal toast, and an apple amount to around 1,000 kilojoules, so it’s clear to see a fasting day wouldn’t involve much food.\n\nWhat does the evidence say?\n\nSupporters of intermittent fasting point to weight loss, and improvements in risk factors for chronic disease, like reduced cholesterol, as reasons to follow the diet.  But while the current body of evidence tells us that while intermittent fasting diets may lead to weight loss, it’s unlikely they’re superior to a standard balanced reduced-kilojoule diet.\n\nResearch presented at DAA’s 2016 National Conference compared the 5:2 diet to a standard reduced kilojoule diet, amongst a small group (24) of obese male war veterans. After six months, researchers reported both groups lost weight, and reduced their waist circumference, but there was no significant difference between the two groups.\n\nInterestingly, weight loss slowed at the three-month mark for both groups, which was when dietitian follow-up tapered out, showing support may be the key element in continuing success.\n\n\nAnother recent study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), compared alternate-day fasting to standard kilojoule restriction, to assess whether the former was more effective in weight loss and maintenance. The randomised control trial divided 100 obese adults into one of three groups – an alternate day fasting group, a kilojoule restriction group, or a control group with no intervention.\n\nListen: The Well discuss: Do you have a healthy relationship with food? (post continues after audio...)\n\nThe group was followed for 12 months, and researchers found similar results for weight loss amongst the alternate-day fasting group, and those in the kilojoule-restriction group. There were also no significant differences between the intervention groups in blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose or insulin, and insulin resistance.\n\nInterestingly, the alternate-day fasting group also had a high dropout rate, and struggled to meet their recommended intake, while the kilojoule-restricted group generally met theirs.\n\nWhy do it?\n\nEvidence shows intermittent fasting is as effective (but not better) than a standard reduced-kilojoule diet for weight loss, and may be useful for weight maintenance.\n\nDaily dieting is challenging, and for some people, the idea of ‘watching what you eat’ for only a set number of days, or hours in a week is mentally more appealing than other alternatives. The process of doing so may also encourage a more ‘mindful’ approach to eating, with followers being more attuned to hunger and fullness cues.\n\nIntermittent fasting is not suitable for everyone. (Image: Getty)\n\nWhy shy away from it?\n\nIntermittent fasting focuses on kilojoule-counting (quantity), rather than the kinds of foods eaten (quality). While being a healthy weight for you is one measure of health, making small tweaks to your current diet, like focusing on eating more fruit and vegetables, can lead to big changes in your health. Given that less than seven per cent of Australians currently meet the target of five serves of vegetables each day, there are clear improvements we can make to our everyday eating patterns – and for most Australians, this should be the focus.\n\n\nIt’s also not suitable for everyone. Children and teenagers, athletes and highly-active people, those with diabetes, pregnant women, and people with eating disorders should all steer clear of fasting diets.\n\nIntermittent fasting diets may also lead to some unpleasant side effects, like fatigue, feeling foggy-headed, affected mood, feeling ‘hangry,’ constipation, and headaches.\n\nResearch shows intermittent fasting is as effective, but not better than maintaining a consistent healthy diet. (Image: Getty)\n\nThe bottom line\n\nIn reality, any ‘diet’ that encourages an energy deficit – that is, means you take in fewer kilojoules than you expend through exercise and daily activities, will result in weight loss. But for lasting, long-term health benefits, it’s best to find an eating pattern that you enjoy, and can stick with.\n\nWe’re all different, and there is no one-size-fits all approach when it comes to eating. While intermittent fasting may suit some people, it’s not a magic bullet to improved health.\n\nFor nutrition advice tailored to you, see an Accredited Practising Dietitian. They’re passionate about translating the latest evidence on healthy eating into practical, everyday advice and tips, and can support you on your journey towards better health.\n\nThis post originally appeared on the Dietitians Association of Australia website and was republished here with full permission. For more information, please visit their Facebook page or contact your local GP. \n\nIf you or someone you now is struggling with an eating disorder or body image, please seek medical help or visit Beyond Blue.\n\nHave you tried intermittent fasting to lose weight? Did it help you long-term?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9973834156990051}
+{"content": "Uploading COVID-19 Vaccination\n\n\nTo upload your COVID-19 vaccination documentation, use the following link:\n\nClick Here to Upload Your COVID-19 Vaccination Documentation\n\nIf the link above does not open, please copy and paste the following URL into your browser:\n\nPassword: m8y4y56dhf\n\nFaculty & Staff:\n\nPlease upload your documentation via Paycom under Documents, or deliver a physical copy to Human Resources.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999631643295288}
+{"content": "Art History Otherness in European Medieval Art\nPamela A. Patton\n  • LAST REVIEWED: 18 August 2021\n  • LAST MODIFIED: 29 November 2018\n  • DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780199920105-0134\n\n\nThe utility of visual images in articulating social, cultural, religious, and ethnic difference strongly interested both makers and viewers of Western medieval art, and visual imagery that portrayed certain individuals or groups as ethnic, social, or cultural outsiders to a dominant (generally Latin or Orthodox Christian) community, often in a negative but occasionally in a positive light, is abundant from the central Middle Ages onward. The theoretical term “Others” that is often applied to such outsiders represents the adaptation of an originally psychoanalytic term in order to define a group and its members in opposition to a collective, perceived cultural norm. The concepts represented by “the Other,” “Otherness,” and the related term “alterity” have been applied frequently and effectively in work published since the 1990s and help to frame the bibliography presented here. Although the diversity of medieval Europe was in reality quite textured, including ethnic, cultural, and linguistic differences within regions (e.g., Saxons and Welsh, or Guelphs and Ghibellines) as well as across them, the most vivid visual images relate to those groups perceived as most distinctive or socially threatening, such as Jews, Muslims, Mongols, or lepers. Modern scholarly study of such imagery, which has also focused on these out-groups to the exclusion of many others that did not leave such a distinct visual legacy, has evolved fairly slowly, and much of it is recent. Whereas early 20th-century scholarship tended to focus more on the recognition and cataloguing of iconographic signs than on their analysis, beginning in the 1940s, and increasingly from the 1970s onward, scholars began to direct critical attention to the ways in which medieval artists chose to represent Otherness visually, as well as to the reception of such images by medieval viewers. The earliest scholarship to undertake such analysis initially aimed for broad, thematic coverage and the aggregation of visual examples, resulting in print volumes that in the predigital era offered valuable access to a wide range of medieval images. In the 1990s, art historians began to capitalize on increasing online access to works of art, as well as the advent of relevant new approaches such as semiotics and postcolonial theory, to produce more specialized and critically oriented studies of Others in the Middle Ages. Many such works emphasized how the visual articulation of difference intersected with the power relationships and hierarchies that structured medieval communities, drawing from scholarship in related disciplines such as anthropology, comparative literature, and history. In the first decades of the 21st century, a disciplinary shift toward microhistories, global perspectives, and still newer theoretical approaches has encouraged additional trends in scholarship on medieval alterity, including a preference for contextualized case studies; the reevaluation of traditional geographical and cultural parameters; and increased openness to such new approaches as race theory, queer theory, and monster theory. The dominance of theoretical approaches in the scholarship is perhaps not surprising in a field that is relatively new and itself theoretically defined; this is reflected in the sections that follow. Like earlier literature, current scholarship is strongly interdisciplinary, benefitting from complementary work in comparative literature and history and engaging a wide range of primary texts; it has also expanded to venues outside traditional publishing, such as museum exhibitions and online public scholarship.\n\nFoundations and Extra-Disciplinary Models\n\nThe study of medieval alterity in art history builds substantially on scholarship produced in other disciplines, and in particular on postcolonial theory, which emerged first in comparative literature and was subsequently taken up and tested in other historical disciplines, including art history. It draws also on ancient and medieval texts that laid the foundation for later European attitudes toward Others, including those that would preoccupy medieval artists. The secondary scholarship shares in common an interest in the effect of power relationships on how social, cultural, and ethnic differences were recognized and represented in a given medieval culture, as well as in understanding how and why such differences were manipulated to negotiate group and individual relationships.\n\nback to top\n\n\nHow to Subscribe\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8709011077880859}
+{"content": "How Town Center transformed Virginia Beach — and what's next\n\n\nRemember the wooded lots, the old Beacon building and Victoria Station?\n\n\nYou don't have to think back too far, really, to recall what the southeast corner of Independence and Virginia Beach boulevards used to look like.\n\nIt's been 15 years this summer since the city and developers broke ground on Town Center.\n\n\nThe development spans 17 city blocks and encompasses 25 acres midway between downtown Norfolk and the Oceanfront. It's home to the tallest building in the state, a performing arts center and dozens of stores and restaurants found nowhere else in Hampton Roads, including The Cheesecake Factory and Anthropologie.\n\nRecently, several players in the project looked back at the impetus to build Town Center, the risks they took and successes to date. They also made predictions about the future.\n\n\nGerald Divaris describes himself as \"the guy who was looking for an urban home in a suburban city.\" When he couldn't find it, he worked to build it.\n\n\nDivaris, who moved his broker business from South Africa to Virginia Beach in 1982, is a commercial real estate guru. Market statistics and supply-and-demand enshroud his industry, but he talks about heart and soul when he talks land.\n\n\"I was looking for the city center,\" Divaris said. \"I was typically in the city center environment; there was none in Virginia Beach at that point.\"\n\nOne Columbus was under construction at the time. It was 11 stories - the tallest building in Virginia Beach. His business became the first tenant.\n\nThe city had zoned the area a central business district in 1973, but it wasn't until 1985 that the Central Business District Association formed and prepared a concept plan for Town Center. Pearl Smith served as the association's executive director.\n\nThe City Council launched a commission and hired a consultant to explore funding options in 1989. Then, in 1995, the city approved a zoning change in the district, allowing sidewalks with first-floor retail below offices and residences.\n\nAlong the way, Divaris encouraged out-of-town developers to consider the Pembroke area's potential. He had some bites, but then they'd get cold feet. Virginia Beach was a suburban environment, and even though it had a larger population than Norfolk, could it sustain a city center?\n\nAt one point, Divaris had made a deal with Signet Bank to move from Norfolk, but it fell through.\n\n\"I spent a long number of years chasing the wrong potential partners,\" Divaris said.\n\nIn 1999, he called his friends Lou Haddad and Dan Hoffler of then-Chesapeake-based Armada Hoffler.\n\n\"We were bringing up our children here,\" Divaris said. \"We had a better connection; they could understand what we were trying to accomplish; there was a chemistry.\"\n\nIn the beginning, Town Center was \"a speculative project that was huge in nature,\" Hoffler said.\n\nThe company would have to take risks to finance it.\n\n\"There was a lot of speculation that we were going out on a limb, on a very skinny limb on a very tall tree, and we could fall a long way if this thing didn't work,\" Hoffler said.\n\nThey lobbied for \"tax increment financing,\" or TIF - a method to pay for public infrastructure improvements in an area by depositing increases in real estate tax revenue into a special fund. TIF would pay for roads, plazas and parking garages in Town Center.\n\nAt the time, opponents of investing public money in private developments pointed to the city's basic needs, such as funding public school renovations and constructing roads, fire stations and libraries.\n\nThe developers faced a tough question from the city: \"What happens if the taxes are insufficient to pay the bonds?\"\n\nArmada Hoffler agreed to make up that shortfall, and in 2000, the city approved the plan.\n\n\"Now, thank God, we never have had to do that because the project was such a success,\" Divaris said. \"It has added to the general fund, but the downside was that guarantee, that risk. Armada Hoffler really took a gamble on it.\"\n\nSo why do it? Public-private partnerships had been a niche for the company since 1987.\n\n\"It seemed a reasonable risk,\" Haddad, president and CEO of Armada Hoffler, said. \"The opportunity to take something in our home and produce something that wasn't here before was really something that excited us.\"\n\nCity Manager Jim Spore and then-Councilman Louis Jones negotiated the deal with Armada Hoffler in 1999.\n\n\"What the public-private partnership was all about was creating a vibrant downtown,\" Haddad said. \"We were working on the elements that it takes to have that kind of environment. That's what the city bought into.\"\n\nThey broke ground a few months after the City Council approved the project.\n\nArmada Hoffler moved its headquarters from Chesapeake's Greenbrier area to Town Center. Williams Mullen, Pender & Coward PC, Troutman Sanders LLP and Clark Nexsen Inc. are among other firms that now call Town Center home.\n\nWill Houp | The Virginian-Pilot\n\n\nTown Center continues to expand.\n\nTwo existing surface parking lots are slated for development. The lot across from Gordon Biersch, where the old Beacon building used to be, may become a 20-story office tower. Armada Hoffler declined to provide a start date for that development.\n\nThe company recently purchased the Columbus Village shopping plaza on the corner of Virginia Beach Boulevard and Constitution Drive. The city is exploring the option of extending light rail from Newtown Road to Town Center and adding a station near Columbus Village.\n\nThe retail landscape in Town Center is at a high point. In 2014, a surge of new stores opened, including Anthropologie, Francesca's, Free People and West Elm, among others. The area is garnering almost $7 million a year in business taxes, which include business license, business property, trustee and general sales taxes.\n\nRenovations and recent announcements of retail additions to Pembroke Mall, including Nordstrom Rack and REI, can be attributed to the success and energy of Town Center, said Warren Harris, the city's director of economic development.\n\n\nTown Center has 800 residential units and hosts a dozen festivals throughout the year.\n\nMarc Bernarducci, a medical science liaison for the pharmaceutical industry, is one of the original owners of a Studio 56 loft. He bought his 1,100-square-foot condo in 2008 in the building adjacent to the Sandler Center for Performing Arts.\n\n\"I saw it as a good investment,\" he said. \"This is an area of economic focus for the city.\"\n\nBernarducci, 47, is single and likes the social life in Town Center.\n\nYNot Wednesdays during the summer months feature live music and a vendor market. Baskets of peaches and other locally grown produce fill the pop-up farm stands across the street from the Westin.\n\nErika Walsh, 29, shops there every week.\n\n\"It's really convenient,\" she said. \"I don't think we've been to a real grocery store in a long time.\"\n\n\nShe and her husband live in Cosmopolitan Apartments. Walsh works in the Art Institute building.\n\n\n\"I walk everywhere,\" she said.\n\nThey listen to live music at the fountain when they take their dog for a walk. They've seen \"Stomp\" and \"Blue Man Group\" at the Sandler. Walsh's favorite store is Lululemon because dogs are allowed.\n\nThe scene on Wednesdays depends on the type of live music - rock, pop, Motown, country - but it's usually a mixed bag of 20-somethings, young couples with children and retirees.\n\nThe fountain in Town Center has become an attraction. People take selfies in front of it; it's a central place to meet a friend. On a cold winter day, the water froze mid-air, and fountain photographs went viral online.\n\nThe Westin Hotel and Residences - the state's tallest building - has 38 floors and a long list of famous guests.\n\n\"The greatest mystique of The Westin is you never know who's going to be here,\" said Bob Dorr, director of sales.\n\nFrom the penthouse lounge, you can see cargo ships in the Chesapeake Bay to the north, and the Oceanfront hotels to the east.\n\n\"You see what's been built here,\" Hoffler said. \"There are a lot of people that made this happen. That's one of the reasons we've been as successful as we have been. This has been an incredible ride, and it's continuing.\"\n\nStacy Parker, 757-222-5125, stacy.parker@pilotonline.com\n\n■ It takes 36.23 seconds to get from the 1st floor to the 37th floor penthouse by elevator.\n\n■ The Westin has hosted many famous people through the years including Joe Biden, David Petraeus, Adam Levine of Maroon 5, Doobie Brothers, Billy Idol.\n\n■ It has a 13th floor, and some guests refuse to stay on it.\n\n■ The hotel floors go through floor 15. The residences are on floors 16-37.\n\n■ White tea scent is pumped into the lobby of the hotel and residences.\n\n■ The hotel has a \"run concierge\" who will run with guests around Town Center for exercise.\n\n■ In  winter, it can be raining at ground level but sleeting at the top of the building.\n\n■ From the owner's penthouse lounge, you can see cargo ships in the Chesapeake Bay to the north, and the ocean and line of resort hotels to the east.\n\nSource: City of Virginia Beach (Stacy Parker, Lisa Merklin and Will Houp | The Virginian-Pilot)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6413451433181763}
+{"content": "use code \"TAKE40\" for 40% off for 3 months + A Free Gift with a subscription\n\nFrench Press Brewing Guide\n\n\nClassic, elegant, versatile, and simple. The French Press offers on-demand, low-waste coffee brewing and is a time-honoured favourite home brewing method. There are a lot of fancy coffee brewing methods available these days, but when it comes to being tried and true, it’s still hard to beat a good old French press.\n\n\n\nHot water (97C)\n\nA Grinder\n\nA high quality, stainless, double-wall insulated French Press\n\nA digital kitchen scale\n\n\nEither a spoon, spatula, or whisk for stirring\n\n\n\n\n8g (1tbs) of coffee x 200ml (6oz) filtered water\n\n\nCoarse/ Medium Coarse -Comparable to coarsely cracked pepper\n\n\nAround 4 Minutes\n\n\nIf you are using a Bonavita Variable Temperature Digital Electric Gooseneck Kettle, set your temperature to 97C. The temperature will drop a little bit when it comes to contact with the coffee. If you are using a hot water tower in a coffee shop and use a traditional (non-heated) kettle, such as the Hario Buono, set the tower to 97C to compensate for the temperature drop that occurs when the water comes into contact with a room temperature kettle. Fill kettle 80% full for best temperature stability.\n\n\n\n  1. Preheat the French press and your mug with the hot water\n  2. Using the guide above, weigh and properly grind the coffee.\n  3. Empty the water from your French Press\n  4. Put the ground coffee directly into the French press. Place the French press on your digital scale and tare to zero.\n  5. Pour the 200ml of hot water into the French Press slowly.\n  6. Using your preferred utensil, gently stir the coffee, trying to agitate and equally disperse the crust that appears after the coffee blooms.\n  7. Now fix the lid/plunger to the French press without pushing the plunger down into the coffee. (This will help a little with temperature stability.)\n  8. After 4 minutes have elapsed, press the plunger down gently yet firmly, and serve immediately.\n\n\n\n- Adjust parameters to compensate for individual coffee characteristics. For example, if you find the coffee too bitter, coarsen the grind to help ease extraction. Note that such changes require increasing the coffee-to-water ratio to balance the concentration.\n\n- Small changes in technique can result in big flavour changes, so be sure to use consistent pouring, timing, and stirring techniques.\n\n- As a general rule, darker roasts work well with cooler water and lighter roasts with hotter water.\n\n- Too long of a brewing time can lead to over-extraction; too short can lead to under extraction. Use time as a tool to fine-tune a brew.\n\n- Keep your French Press clean by thoroughly rinsing after each use and occasionally using a cleaner recommended for coffee pots.\n\n- Water Quality – Use clean water free of any off-tastes or odours. Water quality differs from region to region, so a water quality test should be taken to discern the appropriate treatment required. If you are home brewing, a Brita pitcher will work just fine. Do NOT use bottled water. It tends to be “too filtered” and there are not enough TDS in the water for “the good coffee flavours to attach to”. If this water is used the coffee can taste quite bitter and undesirable.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.718220591545105}
+{"content": "qmp3report(1) report mp3 files and directories\n\n\nqmp3report [option]... file...\n\n\nqmp3report reads mp3 files or directories containing mp3 files and gives information about them. qmp3report can output the reports with plain text or in html format. using the latter format, you can navigate your mp3 directories with a web browser.\n\n\nreport all files, not just files with suffix mp3.\nimplies --show-dirs, --show-files and --summary. show report for files and directories and a summary report.\nshow a report for every directory containing reported files/directories. note that if option --all is not set, only will be reported those directories containing mp3 files.\nshow a report for every reportable file (see --all).\nshow a brief help and exit.\noutput in html format (default is plain text).\nscan directories.\nshow a summary report.\nsplit report across visited directories. qmp3report leaves in each visited directory a file with the report for that directory, independently of the output format. the name of the report file is the name of the directory with extension .txt or .html depending on the selected output format.\nshow more detailed info.\nshow version and exit.\n\n\nvariable bit rate (vbr) streams are detected by reading the initial (5) frames in the stream. if their bit rate field differs, the entire stream is read to compute the duration time with accuracy (see manual info for qmp3info).\n\nif vbr is not detected, qmp3report reads only the first frame in the stream and calculates the duration supposing that (1) the entire stream is composed by valid frames and (2) all the frames have the same bit rate. this is a fast way to compute the duration of the stream, but it is not exact: there's an error of 0.3% aprox.\n\nthe htmlize function, which converts file names in a suitable form for html format (ie. replacing spaces with %20), is not bulletproof.\n\ntests have been done only with mpeg version 1 layer iii streams, though it may (or not) work with other versions or layers.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9271039962768555}
+{"content": "Statewide Bearings\n\nStatewide Bearings provide high quality bearings, power transmission, seals and accessories since being established in 1974. Ensuring quality products and maintaining a close relationship with both customers and suppliers are a major focus for the company. With a Head Office situated in Kewdale, Western Australia, and branches strategically located around the country Statewide Bearings has earned the reputation of being a key supplier to the mining, industrial and earthmoving industries.\n\nStatewide are moving aggressively forwards into eBusiness and Mechanomics have been appointed to develop an eCatalogue for use with Fortescue Metals Group. Their new eCatalogue allows customers to browse and search their product lines, and also provides a flexible mechanism for Statewide to lend their considerable product expertise through the use of a quotation system.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999131441116333}
+{"content": "Phnom Udong\n\n\nFrom 1618 until 1866 it was formally called Oudong Meanchey, home to a succession of kings deposed from the former capital of Lovek by the invading Thais. In 1866, it was abandoned by King Norodom, taking his royal court along with him to the current capital, Phnom Penh. It was extensively damaged by the Khmer Rouge in 1977, along with the other temples, monuments, and religious structures there.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7163064479827881}
+{"content": "Issue 27\n\nDubai at Dawn: Part Two\n\nBy Fahrinisa Oswald\n\nTo read the first part of this story, click here.\n\nAs the sun begins to rise, we unzip our jackets and loosen our scarves, leaving them trailing in the wind behind us. The endurance racing saddle being so light and thin, I can feel each movement of the horse rippling up through my legs and into my body. As the horse becomes drenched in her sweat, so do I. My fingers, entwined in mane, and forearms become an extension of the horse's mouth and neck, and they move according to her stride. I can feel her deep inhale and exhalation, and her change in stride when hard sand becomes soft. I can feel her get tired, drop her head and dip into her reserve tank. And as we approach the final stretch, I can feel her instantly perk up beneath me when the stable (her home) becomes visible on the horizon. In the desert, it does not take long for horse and rider to become one.\n\n\n\nFor me, these are pleasure rides—an escape from the real world happening around me. During these rides, I contemplate the infinite size of the world and how small each one of us is. We are literally like a grain of sand in the desert. The irony is never lost on me. This in turn gets me thinking about the powerful impact we have on the world, as small as each one of us is. I vacillate between the vastness of theearth and the smallness of our individual worlds for hours. The desert is a contradiction in this way. On the one hand, all that the eye can see is sand and sky—the whole world feels open to you. Yet, on the other hand, being that your very survival depends upon your next step (or, in this case your horse’s next step) you have to focus on something as small as the faint sandy track ahead. Hours and hours of contemplating the contradictions of the world become a sort of a meditation—a high velocity mediation.\n\n\n\nFor those who train the sheikh’s endurance race horses for a living, this is just another day at the office. It's more complicated than a pleasure ride through the desert at dawn: each horse has a specific diet and training regime. Each horse is meticulously checked and rechecked every morning and night for swelling, soreness and weight gain or loss. For security reasons as well, there is a day watch as well as a night watch. Sadly, more worth is often placed on some of these horses than on the stable boys who care for them. The issue of immigrant workers aside, training and caring for endurance race horses is a highly structured and extremely fragile business. Trainers are hired from as far off as the UK, Germany, and the US, as was the case with Fatima, who is half German half American. Like any other competitive high-stakes sport, doping and other forms of corruption exist, though this is never a popular subject to talk about. I find it incredibly sad, but winning is often more important than the horses themselves, who, on average, do not last more than a few racing seasons. This is not to paint an ugly picture of the sport, however; it's just to say that nothing is without its dark side. Due to their exuberant wealth, the Emirates have nothing shy of the top horses, facilities and trainers. A lot of thought and care is put into this sport, and each race that has a turnout of hundreds of riders and spectators is testament to this.\n\n\n\nI make this trip to Dubai more than once a year, and every time I'm here, I consider staying on indefinitely. Dubai is not a particularly attractive city:I much prefer cities overflowing with vibrant life, which is precisely why I live in Mumbai, but the desert in Dubai is something else entirely. It speaks its own language: a language of horses, freedom, and Heaven. It speaks to me, and is something I know I will never be able to resist.\n\nWind-whipped and sun-kissed, we finally return to the stables and collapse onto the only patch of grass within a 50 kilometre radius under a handful of palm trees. Hungry, thirsty, and tired, my hand trembles slightly as I reach for the hot black tea and soft sweet dates that are being passed my way. Very few words are spoken as everybody seems reluctant to break the divine silence of the desert. Leaning back, I watch as the sun rises to its peak and beyond. Soon, the call to prayer will drift faintly in our direction, and it will be time to make our way to afternoon prayer. For those whom I spent the last five hours in the desert with, this is just another day. But for me, this is where I come to feel the closeness of heaven and earth.\n\n\nA New York City native, Fahrinisa Oswald currently does not have a fixed address, spending most of her time somewhere between NYC, Asia and the Middle East writing, photographing and editing for a living.\n\nMore from Issue 27\n\nYou may also enjoy", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.779802680015564}
+{"content": "Why Do Mexican Women Hate Spanish Women?\n\nOn the other hand, the training gap between Hispanic working women and white working men also was basically unchanged on this period but the pay hole shrank. In Figure I we discover whether a narrowing gap between the potential expertise levels of Hispanic women and white men since 1995 could be contributing to a shrinking pay gap. To illustrate, in 1979, 8.1 percent of Hispanic working men have been faculty educated, as had been 8.6 percent of Hispanic working women, compared with 22.5 percent of white working men and 18.5 percent of white working women. By 2017, these levels had risen to 16.4 %, 25.9 %, 40.9 p.c, and forty eight.9 percent, respectively. For women, the story the labor pressure participation price tells is type of different from that informed for men. The LFPRs of Hispanic women and of girls total elevated for a lot of the post-1980 interval, though amongst women in general, the rates declined throughout and after the Great Recession. Moreover, regardless of having the bottom LFPRs of the four groups proven in Figure D, Hispanic women increased their labor force participation greater than the opposite groups did from 1980 to 2017.\n\nFrom a methodological perspective, the advances, or lack thereof, in labor market outcomes for the Hispanic population and its subgroups should also be explored via the prisms of gender, schooling, and generational standing. Indeed, what could be perceived as changes within the labor market standing of a subgroup might be traced to adjustments in a specific demographic of that population somewhat than a change in their underlying labor market circumstances. To research tendencies in age at menarche, we chosen all Spanish-born screening programme participants in the interval September 1990-December 2007, corresponding to women born between 1925 and 1962.\n\nThe adjusted wage gaps for full-time employees in every of these teams relative to non-Hispanic white men are presented in Figure K for men and Figure L for girls. The objective of this report is not to rehash the labor market theories for why women earn less than men that seem in the standard literature. One major Hispanic subgroup to track in the near to intermediate future is the Puerto Rican workforce within the mainland United States. The massive web exodus from the island has continued within the wake of Hurricane Maria. One of many attention-grabbing stories about this group is how Puerto Rican women’s wages continued to achieve floor relative to white men after 2000, thus narrowing the adjusted wage gap between Puerto Rican women and white men from 32.4 percent in 2000 to 24.7 p.c in 2016. As explained in note three connected to the abstract part firstly of the report, “bias discrimination” is discrimination related instantly with racism or sexism (i.e., discrimination primarily based on biases or prejudices against a whole group of people). “Statistical discrimination” occurs when distinctions between demographic teams are made on the basis of actual or imagined statistical variations between the teams .\n\nSpanish Women Banque D’Pictures Libres De Droit\n\nWomen had been reaching instructional parity with men through the late Seventies. In 1983, approximately 46% of Spain’s university enrollment was feminine, the 31st-highest percentage in the world, and similar to most different European countries. The wage gaps among the many second-generation immigrant group additionally tended to be pretty stable—between eight and 12 p.c for men, and between 26 and 29 percent for ladies.\n\nIn this report, we provide statistics utilizing knowledge from the Bureau of Labor Statistics , including the Current Population Survey , to research labor market outcomes, such as earnings differentials, between Hispanic and non-Hispanic white Americans since 1979. Similar to different studies (including the current EPI report by Wilson and Rogers ), since financial advantage is distributed by race/ethnicity and gender, using white men as the comparison group for our wage gap analysis permits us to capture the dual penalties imposed on Hispanic women.\n\nSimilarly, and as we noted earlier, the United States has culturally distinct and geographically dispersed Hispanic subgroups based on nationwide origin whose experiences must be analyzed individually to provide a more thorough understanding of Hispanic–white wage gaps. For this objective, we flip our consideration to Mexican American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American workers.\n\nI think within the UK we still have an old fashioned mentality that we still have children very early and become extra independence in distinction to the Spanish and the Italians. I know so many 41 12 months old men who still reside with their mother and father in Spain and haven’t even considered having children YET! I even have a lot of Spanish friends and ultimately I choose them more than the Brits at time. A good wanting man within the UK usually has you begging for him and he;s conceited unlike most beautiful Spanish men.\n\nTo help answer this query, this report appears at adjustments in numerous key indicators of labor market health. Figure J stories the adjusted wage differentials alongside the average, or unadjusted wage differentials for full-time staff. Specifically, the adjusted wage gap strains present how a lot less on average working Hispanic men, Hispanic women, and white women make than working white men with the identical degree of schooling and expertise and dwelling in the same area.\n\nWomen In Spain After The Autumn Of Francos Regime\n\nBrindis de Salas is the primary Black woman in Latin America to publish a guide. The 1947 title Pregón de Marimorena discussed the exploitation and discrimination in opposition to the Black women in Uruguay.\n\nNovember would see a mid-term election by which a battle between Democrats and Republicans for management of Congress loomed. Suffragists plunged into this tense environment with two lines of assault. First, they would try to acquire full voting rights in a number of extra states, the place referendums would be held. (Twelve states had already granted women full voting rights.) They selected Oklahoma, Louisiana, South Dakota, and Michigan. If they succeeded, the votes of many extra women can be added to pressure Congress to act. Second, they identified four suffrage opponents in the Senate who were up for reelection and whose challengers had pledged to assist the federal amendment. Women overcame influenza, social distancing, and political bias to win the right to vote.\n\nShare This:\n\nGonzalez notes, “While failure to implement such insurance policies is unlikely to stunt further positive aspects in literacy for Hispanics in both absolute and relative phrases, implementing such insurance policies might pace up the assimilation course of with respect to English-language literacy” . As seen in Figure R, the share of Hispanic women working full time who identified as first-generation immigrants was smaller than the share of Hispanic men who did so. However, like men, the percentage started increasing in the course of the latter half of the 1990s and peaked simply earlier than the Great Recession (rising from 43.5 % in 1994 to forty eight.2 % in 2006), after which declined to a low of forty one.eight percent. As shown in Figures Q and R, the overwhelming majority of Hispanic full-time staff between the ages of 18 and sixty four identify as first-generation immigrants. Figure Q shows that the share of Hispanic men full-time workers who are first-generation immigrants grew from 56.7 p.c in 1994 to a peak of 63.four percent in 2007.\n\nBorn in Madrid in 1905 to anarchist mother and father, she worked for a quantity of anti-establishment journals before being appointed to the position of Minister of Health in 1936. She was the lone woman within the then all-male world of Spanish politics. As a minister, she improved orphanage situations, created faculties for prostitute rehabilitation, and also tried to safely regulate abortion. 123,534 spanish woman stock photos, vectors, and illustrations are available https://yourmailorderbride.com/spanish-women/ royalty-free. Spanish women love freedom and independence, so making an attempt to control your girl will surely make you look dumb and you’re extra prone to lose her. Expecting her to settle with you will be the dumbest thing you’ll ever do if you’re relationship a Spanish woman. They will finally settle in the occasion that they assume you’re the person for her.\n\nShe also participated in the Miss Spain competitors the place she was the first runner-up. Claudia qualified for the Miss Universe pageant in 2008 and earned the 7th position. She appears even prettier now and definitely is considered one of the most beautiful women of Spain.\n\nWe have joined the campaign @She4SG to elect a girl because the ninth Secretary-General of the United Nations in a worldwide effort for gender equality. They is in all probability not memorialized by statues and road names, however lots of of Spanish women wrote and printed their thoughts in Cervantes’s time.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6358655095100403}
+{"content": "What are different ways to say small?\n\nWhat are different ways to say small?\n\nWORDS RELATED TO SMALLbabyish.diminutive.dwarf.little.midget.mini.minute.petite.\n\nWhat do you call something very small?\n\npaltry. adjective. a paltry amount or number is very small.\n\nWhat is another way to say little?\n\nWhat is another word for little?shortsmalldiminutivepetiteslighttinystockybantamdwarfdwarfish78\n\nWhat word can I use instead of some?\n\nFind another word for some. In this page you can discover 51 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for some, like: a-few, various, several, a number, a portion, a-little, a-bit, remarkable, more-or-less, part of and more than a little.\n\nHow do you say very little?\n\nvery little adjsuccinct adj.very small adj.scant adj.minor adj.terse adj.very little adj.\n\nWhat is the word for a small amount of money?\n\nnounsmall amount of money. Mickey Mouse. chump change. coins. nickels and dimes.\n\nWhat does diminutive mean?\n\n(Entry 1 of 2) 1 grammar : a word, affix, or name usually indicating small size : a diminutive (see diminutive entry 2 sense 1) word, affix, or name. 2 : one that is notably small : a diminutive individual. diminutive.\n\nWhat is the diminutive of part?\n\nNoun. part n (plural parten, diminutive partje n ) part.\n\nWhat is the best meaning of benign?\n\nbenign • \\bih-NYNE\\ • adjective. 1 : of a gentle disposition : gracious 2 a : showing kindness and gentleness b : favorable, wholesome 3 a : of a mild type or character that does not threaten health or life; especially : not becoming cancerous b : having no significant effect : harmless.\n\nWhat is a Thalassophile?\n\nFrom the Greek word thalassa, meaning “sea,” a thalassophile can be defined as “a lover of the sea.” It is the perfect word to describe me, someone who loves the sea or ocean.\n\nWhat do you call a person who love dogs?\n\nCynophiles prefer dogs and are not to be confused with movie-loving cinephiles.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6830719709396362}
+{"content": "The NFL can be quite harsh for some people. To take part in the world's best football competition, you have to be prepared for anything. Especially, to overcome every obstacle along the way. Results and performances can be decisive, and a setback can wipe out any previous achievements.\n\nThat rule applies to anyone in the league. Every player, no matter the position nor the status, and all coaches have to deal with the challenge of working under pressure continuously. Throughout the history of the competition, many have come and gone in a blink of an eye.\n\nNot many people last long in the managerial role, one of the most unstable in this sport. If things don't work, they are usually the first to blame, and most of the time they don't get a chance to prove those arguments wrong. However, some head coaches were the exception and retained their positions for a long time, cementing a legacy in the sport. Check out who were five of them.\n\nBill Belichick (Cleveland Browns - New England Patriots)\n\n26 seasons*\n\nThe iconic New England Patriots head coach is the only one from this list who is still working in the NFL. Bill Belichick is already a legend in the Foxborough franchise, where he took over as the head coach in the 2000 season following a five-year stint with the Cleveland Browns. Being with the Patriots for 21 years so far, he is one of the very few to have lasted for such a long time in charge of the same team. Under his guidance, the Pats claimed a record six Super Bowl rings, building a dynasty with one of the best quarterbacks ever, Tom Brady.\n\n*Still serving as NFL coach\n\nTom Landry (Dallas Cowboys)\n\n29 seasons\n\nThe first coach in the Cowboys' history, Landry was in charge of the team for 29 straight years from 1960 to 1988, an NFL record. During that successful spell, Dallas won two Super Bowls, five NFC championships, and 13 divisional titles. Moreover, he also holds the record for the most consecutive winning seasons (20).\n\nDon Shula (Baltimore Colts - Miami Dolphins)\n\n33 seasons\n\nThe Miami Dolphins and NFL legend served as a coach for 33 years, from 1963 to 1995. He began his career with the Baltimore Colts, who made it to their first Super Bowl ever with him, but he spent most of his coaching life in South Florida, where he will be always remembered for his 26-year tenure. Under his leadership, Miami won two Super Bowls in a row, which remain their only championships in history. The first of those, in 1972, was the only perfect season in the league so far. Don Shula is also the winningest coach in the NFL's history with 347 triumphs\n\nCurly Lambeau (Green Bay Packers - Chicago Cardinals - Washington Redskins)\n\n33 seasons\n\nCo-founder of the Green Bay Packers, who named their stadium after him in 1965, Lambeau coached the team for 20 consecutive years from 1919 to 1949. In that span, the Packers won six NFL championships and amassed 200+ wins. After leaving Green Bay, he spent two seasons with the Chicago Cardinals and a further two with the Washington Redskins.\n\nGeorge Halas (Chicago Bears)\n\n40 seasons\n\nThe longest-serving coach in the league's history, George Halas dedicated almost his entire life to the Chicago Bears, being founder and owner of the franchise. He served as a coach in four different stints, one from 1920 to 1929, then between 1933 and 1942, later in 1946 and 1955, and his final one in 1958 until 1967, winning six titles. One of the co-founders of the NFL, Halas' name will be always remembered in the sport's history.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7534762620925903}
+{"content": "Facial rejuvenation\nKissimmee, FL\n\nFacial Rejuvenation near you in Kissimmee, FL (12)\n\nFilters and Localization • 2\nMap view\n\nFacial Rejuvenation in Kissimmee\n\nHaving the smooth, even skin of a twenty-one year old is something we all want, but as we get older, facial skin is one of the toughest areas of your body to maintain.\n\nAside from having to deal with the effects of time, your skin is constantly exposed to changes in weather and temperature. Air pollution, a poor diet and stress don’t help much either.\n\nIf you love being outside and enjoying Kissimmee’s hot, summer days, there is one option you can consider to fight the effects of aging- facial rejuvenation!\n\nWhat Is Facial Rejuvenation?\n\nFacial rejuvenation is one or more cosmetic treatments that aims to give back your skin’s youthful appearance.\n\nThe treatments can be surgical ( brow / eye / chin / neck / face lift) or non surgical (chemical peels, botox, laser resurfacing,ultrasound etc.).\n\nIt may be wiser to consider surgery only if you are in good physical and psychological health. To make sure you choose the best procedure, talk to a certified professional (e.g. a board- certified plastic surgeon or dermatologist).\n\nHow Long Is a Facial Rejuvenation Session?\n\nNon-surgical procedures such as botox or chemical peels usually take between 15 minutes to 1 hour. Surgical procedures take at least 2 to 3 hours, but may take longer.\n\nWhen doing your research and while consulting your specialist, make sure you understand the aftercare procedures and don’t be afraid to ask questions!\n\nHow Long Does Facial Rejuvenation Last?\n\nDepending on the aftercare and the surgeon’s skill, facial rejuvenation surgeries last for three to twelve years.Non surgical procedures will need monthly or yearly touch-ups.\n\nHow Much Does Facial Rejuvenation Cost in Kissimmee?\n\nThe cost of facial rejuvenation in Kissimmee varies a lot, depending on the procedure you choose.\n\nNaturally, surgery is the more expensive option, ranging anywhere from $3000 to $18000. Non-surgical treatments are usually priced between $85 and $600.\n\nHow To Find a Facial Rejuvenation Specialist in Kissimmee\n\nYou don’t have to waste any more time looking for a facial rejuvenation specialist in Kissimmee. Simply download the Booksy app or look through the listing above for all the rates and reviews you need!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6575325727462769}
+{"content": "SaaS Valuation Calculation\n\nValuation multiples for SaaS companies are at an all-time high, which is largely based on public company valuations and M&A transactions. When it comes to estimating private SaaS valuations, tools like profit and revenue-multiples can be useful. \n\nHowever, companies with similar revenues within the SaaS sector can still differ from each other in significant ways according to their stage, business model, and the ability to retain customers. \n\nThe following four dimensions are used to describe a business, each represented by a metric. We will use these metrics in a formula to estimate a private SaaS company valuation.\n\n  1. Business Size (Annual Recurring Revenue)\n  2. Momentum (Growth Rate)\n  3. Quality of Products/Services (Net Revenue Retention)\n  4. Profitability (Gross Margin)\n\nSaaS Valuation Metric #1: Annual Recurring Revenue\n\nAnnual recurring revenue (ARR) is an essential SaaS business metric that shows how much recurring revenue you can expect every year based on its subscriber base.\n\nNot only is it used to map out the best and most efficient path forward for your company, but it also acts as a compass to easily see the impact of the changes you’ve made on a year-over-year basis.\n\nHere is a basic formula to calculate ARR:\n\nARR = (Overall subscription cost per year + recurring revenue from add-ons or upgrades) – revenue lost from cancellations\n\nNote that any expansion revenue (add-ons and upgrades) do affect the annual subscription price of the customer. However, one-time options or fees should not be included in this calculation. \n\nIf your pricing strategy is built on monthly recurring revenue (MRR), you can calculate the ARR by multiplying MRR by 12.\n\nSaaS Valuation Metric #2: Growth Rate\n\nThe growth rate is the single most significant determinant of a company’s valuation multiple, especially for early and growth-stage companies seeking early-stage equity rounds, venture debt, or revenue-based financing. \n\nHowever, keep in mind that measuring your SaaS company’s growth is only relevant when compared to a group of similarly-sized businesses. \n\nThe chart below shows average and median growth, broken down by annual recurring revenue.\n\nGrowth by ARR\n\nImage from SaaS Capital\n\nSaaS Valuation Metric #3: Net Revenue Retention\n\nNet Revenue Retention represents how revenue would change if no additional sales were made. \n\nThis metric is used to indicate the quality of a SaaS company’s offer. \n\nIf the added value of customers upgrading more than compensates for the value lost to those downgrading or canceling, this means the product basically sells itself. \n\nHere is the basic formula to calculate Net Revenue Retention:\n\nNet Revenue Retention = [ARR at beginning of period + Upgrades – Downgrades – Churn] / ARR at beginning of period\n\nSaaS Valuation Metric #4: Gross Margin\n\nGross margin describes the company’s top line earnings. It is correlated with a company’s valuation because it indicates how much of the revenue can be used to fuel growth, or in some cases, pay dividends.\n\nHere is the basic formula to calculate Gross Margin:\n\nGross Margin = [Revenue – Cost of Goods Sold] / Revenue\n\nThe Valuation Formula\n\nOnce you calculate these four metrics, you can plug them into the following formula to estimate a SaaS company’s valuation:\n\nValuation = 10 x Annual Recurring Revenue x Growth Rate x Net Revenue Retention\n\n\nLet’s say a SaaS company is generating $5M in annual recurring revenue and is growing at 60% per year with a net revenue retention rate of 120%.\n\nThe valuation comes out to $36M, around 6.2x.\n\nFrom there, this estimate needs to be adjusted by gross margin. SaaS growth margins can range anywhere from 60-90% or more, averaging around 75%.\n\nTherefore, you can add a proportionate premium on the estimate above if your company is generating around 80% or more. \n\nThings to Keep in Mind\n\nWhile this formula does take into account key performance metrics investors look for, it is extremely simple. \n\nThis estimate is more suitable for early-stage companies since growth rate can dramatically change the multiple. \n\nAs the company grows, growth becomes less important of a metric, and other metrics (e.g. CAC:LTV ratio, operating profits) should be used instead.\n\nOther factors that can be taken into account when calculating a valuation can include:\n\n  • Quality of the Management Team\n  • Value of Intellectual Property\n  • CAC:LTV Ratio\n  • Payback Period\n\nUsing revenue or profit multiples are an easy way to estimate a valuation without needing too much data. However, it is important to show how these multiples are calculated and the performance metrics that influence them. \n\nWith this in mind, you can get a clearer picture of what areas to focus on and what to improve in order to build a more sustainable and valuable business.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7896621227264404}
+{"content": "Does adultery affect child custody in Alabama?\n\nDoes adultery affect child custody in Alabama?\n\nDating May Affect Property Division, Child Support, Child Custody. Adultery is one potential grounds for divorce in Alabama. If all parties are in agreement on issues such as division of marital property, custody, and child support, then one party’s adultery will not matter.\n\nHow does adultery affect divorce in Pennsylvania?\n\nfiling for divorce online\n\nPennsylvania law recognizes adultery as a fault ground for divorce. The cheating spouse is at fault, due to his or her adulterous behavior, for the decision to divorce. When a divorce involves adultery, it can affect spousal support and alimony.\n\nWhat is a wife entitled to in a divorce in PA?\n\n\nIs it really true once a cheater always a cheater?\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.950947642326355}
+{"content": "Skip to main content\n\n\n\nIn its earliest and most primitive forms, the Jackson Bibliography of Romantic Poetry was a tool in an experiment to consider Romantic poetry in English--and by extension, literary history in general--in a new way. While accepting the confines of traditional period divisions, it aimed to enable scholars to write what Robin Jackson called \"a history of poems rather than of poets\" by setting canonical works in the context of their contemporary rivals. The first task was to identify the rivals, not by relying on the opinions of the major authors or on secondary criticism, but by scouring the lists of publications of the time year by year. In the process, thousands of poems gradually resurfaced and with them, hundreds of women writers, hundreds of provincial authors in Britain, and many more hundreds of poets based in North America whose works were published both at home and abroad. (Works are here defined as \"American\" or \"Scottish\" according to the place of publication, not to the birth or citizenship status of their authors.) In its current enlarged state, the Bibliography is still a tool for innovation. In the following paragraphs, a brief history of the work outlines its strengths and limitations. A revised version of the statement of editorial policies and practices follows, then a brief account of some of the features of the new version launched in 2020, and acknowledgments of indebtedness incurred over many years.\n\n\n\nThe modest origin of this bibliography was a list of titles compiled from the monthly reviews of \"Original Poetry\" that appeared in two London journals, the Monthly Review (1749-1845) and the Critical Review (1756-1817). The list was so instrumental in shaping Jackson's Poetry of the Romantic Period (1980) that he summarized key findings from it in an annotated \"Chronological Table\" at the end of the book. In 1985, having realized that the full list might be useful to other students of the period, he published an expanded version as Annals of English Verse 1770-1835, in which the original reviews were supplemented by information from the most comprehensive printed library catalogues of Britain and America, as well as from reliable single-author bibliographies. But the focus was still on works published in the British Isles and the new list depended more than ever on second-hand reports of books, not on first-hand examination. Furthermore, the printed national catalogues were at just this point being superseded by electronic resources, specifically the Eighteenth Century Short Title Catalogue (ESTC) and the Nineteenth Century Short Title Catalogue (NSTC).\n\nFor the next iteration of the list, Jackson drew on those new resources but also radically reconceptualized his project. He wanted to find out what difference it might make to refine his results by pursuing a manageable subset of the complete list, digging deeper than before for one group of writers and confirming the existence of their works by personally examining as many as possible. He settled on women writers as a neglected group of a reasonable size. Starting with roughly 450 named authors, he claimed to have doubled the number by the time he published Romantic Poetry by Women 1770-1835 in 1993. By that time, too, the list was fully transatlantic, if not global: it covered books published in English by women writers in North America as well as in Britain, along with a few produced in other countries such as France and India.\n\nRomantic Poetry by Women (RPW) represented a real breakthrough. It was more ambitious but at the same time more sharply focused than the earlier bibliographies. Since it was based almost entirely on first-hand examination of copies, it avoided the risks associated with derivative second-hand records. It aimed to be comprehensive within its mandate and therefore reverted to the initial topic of \"original\" poetry, excluding work that had first been published before 1770. It thus became properly a bibliography of Romantic poetry--not all the poetry made available to readers during the period but all the new poetry they might be reading. Jackson also introduced biographical headnotes, at most a paragraph long, reasoning that so many of the women authors were \"utterly unknown\" that readers deserved at least some guidance about where they could start their own investigations. Though this policy risked putting the poets back in the picture, the aim had never been to eliminate the personalities and histories of the poets, only to try to correct the distortion created by a famous name.\n\nEach phase of the project of listing poetry published for the first time in the Romantic period had taken advantage of new technologies and research tools, especially the newly online library catalogues. The next step was to take the bibliography into the digital age by applying the lessons of RPW to all writers and turning the existing print lists into a database. Again Jackson found that by going into archives and libraries to examine individual copies, he greatly increased the number of authors and titles included. (At present, there are approximately 23,000 book records and over 5000 named authors--that figure excluding anonymous unattributed works--over 800 of whom are women.) He was particularly pleased by the transatlantic character of the expanded list, pointing out that it more accurately registered the reading practices of the time, since \"the literary culture remained essentially undivided until well into the nineteenth century.\" The construction of the first version of the database, launched in 2006, was made possible with the support of the University of Toronto Libraries and by their Information Technology Services under the supervision of Sian Meikle.\n\nSome of the apparent limitations of the database were deliberate, for example the exclusion of volumes under ten pages, of musical scores, and of annuals or gift books: these were policy decisions taken at an early stage, generally for practical reasons. Others were accidental and regrettable. No record was kept of illustrations. The record of prices is spotty. In a list compiled over the course of over forty years, first by a single scholar in sickness and health, and then by others who had not been part of the planning process, inconsistencies are to be expected. With this warning, we ask the user's indulgence and trust that the effort that has gone into making the bibliography as comprehensive and informative as it is will compensate for occasional flaws.\n\nAfter more than a decade, ITS decided to relaunch the database, enhancing searching capabilities and adding new facets for search by nation and by sex of author, as well as updating the visual design. The current academic contributors Heather Jackson and Sharon Ragaz welcomed the opportunity to improve it further, on the model of RPW, by adding short biographical headnotes for all known authors--that group taking in anonymous or pseudonymous works to which names can be more or less reliably attached--with the same reasoning as in RPW. The vast majority of the writers included in the bibliography are \"utterly unknown\" to literary history, though well known figures such as Byron, Keats, Landon, and Moore are covered as well. Sharon Ragaz took on Scotland and Heather Jackson North America. At the time of relaunching in 2020, headnotes were available for half the alphabet, A through M, for those countries. The work will continue with new batches of names being added as they are available.\n\nFor an outline of and directions for the new search functions, consult the User Guide.\n\n\n\nUsers who want more than the general guidelines that governed the selection and organization of materials in this bibliography (as they are outlined above) will find details in the following paragraphs. Headings represent the several \"categories\" or standard parts of every record from the earlier online version, with the addition of new ones to deal with the recently added biographical materials. The former are in the words of the first compiler, Robin Jackson, with only minor revisions. It may be worth noting--also in his words--that there still exists one class of books outside the system, namely works that have been included on the basis of reliable reports such as contemporary reviews but that have not yet been examined: their records \"do not follow the conventions described here and follow instead the conventions used by the references on which they were based.\" We know that they did exist but copies are hard to come by. In a small number of cases, no extant copy is recorded in WorldCat or elsewhere, but these rare titles do still turn up from time to time, described tantalizingly in booksellers' catalogues as \"not in Jackson.\"\n\n\n\nNames of authors are given as they appear on the title-pages. They may be expanded for clarification with editorial additions in square brackets, for instance \"Mrs. [Sarah] Richardson.\" If they are derived from within the book or from another source, they are given in square brackets. As the ways in which they are rendered often vary from book to book, it will be most effective in searching for all but the most common names to use only the surname in the first instance. The names of authors of anonymous or pseudonymous works, if the authorship is known, are provided in square brackets; they too can be found by seeking the surname alone. Surnames such as McLeod (sometimes given as M'Leod) are normalized as McLeod. The additions Jr., Jun., Sr., Sen., and Senr. are normalized as Jr. and Sr. respectively. In the Author entry, \"Other Names\" refers only to other names by which an author may be identified in this bibliography (on account of varying spellings on title-pages, for instance) and not to other names by which the author might have been known elsewhere, such as married women by their maiden names. The software used for the first version of the database could not accommodate the diacritics used in foreign names and although the new version can, for the time being, such names--fortunately few--are still listed without them, Major André as Major Andre for instance, and François Fénelon as Fenelon.\n\n\n\nThe punctuation of titles has been preserved, but the lineation has not. Long titles are generally abbreviated unless abbreviation would obscure their meaning. Where the name of the author is presented as part of the title it is usually replaced by points of ellipsis. Capitalization of titles has been normalized: substantives, adjectives, non-copula verbs, and adverbs are routinely capitalized, while articles, conjunctions, prepositions, and copula verbs are not unless they appear at the beginning of a sentence or following a colon. When a book has an engraved title-page as well as a printed one, information is derived from the printed one.\n\n\nEditor(s) or Translator(s)\n\nThe names of editors are given as they appear on the title-pages or presented in square brackets if they are derived from within the book or from another source. The names of translators are treated in the same way, but are preceded by the abbreviation \"Trans.\" The term \"editor\" has been used to identify anyone--for example, the writer of a preface or introduction or preliminary memoir, or a member of a supervising committee--who may be thought to have presided over the publication.\n\n\nPlace(s) of publication\n\nPlace-names are accompanied by names of states or of counties (usually in square brackets) if there is more than one place of the same name. In the cases of London, New York, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Dublin, Oxford, Cambridge (England), and Philadelphia, the place-names are allowed to stand alone. In the cases of Boston and Baltimore, it may be assumed that the American cities are meant; their namesakes are identified as Boston (Lincs.) and Baltimore (Cork). When there is more than one place of publication, the places are divided by slash marks (London/ Oxford/ Cambridge). If no place of publication is given, the notation \"[no place]\" appears. Even in those cases, however, it has always been possible to assign the book record to a country for filtering purposes.\n\n\n\nThere are few more vexed questions in the publishing history of this period than the identification of the publisher, since the wording on title-pages varies and may be misleading. \"Printed by\" designates the printer and \"sold by\" the bookseller; in the absence of a person or firm whom the book was explicitly \"printed for,\" we have generally described the work as having \"no publisher\" or as having been printed \"for the author.\" Names are given as they appear on the title-pages, with the same normalizations of names like McLeod and additions like Jr. and Sr. as indicated above under \"Author(s).\" It will be safest to search for publishers by surname only, and to allow for legitimate variant spellings such as \"Kearsley\" and \"Kearsly.\" If there is more than one place of publication, the publishers from each will be divided from one another by slash marks (Longman/ Vincent/ Deighton) and presented in the same order as the places of publication they accompany.\n\n\nDates of publication\n\nThe dates of publication are given as they appear on the title-pages. If the date is known but does not appear on the title-page it is presented in square brackets. Library catalogues routinely provide speculative dates in square brackets; in this bibliography these speculations are gratefully and silently adopted. The danger of this practice is not merely that mistakes are bound to be made, but that when cataloguers speculate about dates they have a tendency to choose round numbers (1800 rather than 1801 or even 1805). The effect of this understandable practice is to increase greatly the number of books given dates that are divisible by ten or five. Users who are interested in developing chronological statistics of publication are advised to treat square-bracketed dates with caution.\n\n\n\nThe editions listed in the bibliography have been verified by first-hand examination. Therefore the presence of second, third, fourth, and fifteenth editions does not mean that the fifth to fourteenth editions never existed, only that no copies have been found. Some such gaps may be a reflection of the contemporary publishing practice of inflated claims, but those cases are not very common.\n\nEditions are so described (as 2nd edn., 3rd edn., new edn., etc., and, rarely, 1st edn.) only if the information is derived from the title-pages of the books in question. Library catalogues sometimes rely on inference, but that practice is avoided here. Some single-author bibliographies usefully distinguish between books that claim to be one edition but are actually another. As a general rule, we have not added that information; if it had been available for all authors it would certainly be worth adding, but having it for only a few works seemed to be potentially misleading.\n\n\nFormat (page size)\n\nRather than the traditional designations 8vo, 4to, 12mo etc., we use the dimensions of the title-pages (e.g., 10 x 17 cm.). The page size is recorded in centimetres, the top edge being given first, followed by the right-hand edge. The measurement is rounded up to the nearest half-centimetre to allow for the difficulty of making an exact measurement of the top edge. Where either edge is damaged or irregular in shape, the nearest undamaged or regular part is measured instead. Because so many books of the period are made of wove paper that lacks chain lines and wire lines, it is not possible to make a quick judgment as to which traditional format they are in; hence the current short-title catalogues of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries are bedevilled by the appearance of seemingly variant editions--termed by one library octavo and by another duodecimo--that are in fact identical. Using measurements does not entirely do away with this difficulty (the size depending on the way in which the pages have been cropped) but does at least give an unambiguous measurement of the copy being recorded.\n\n\nPagination or volume(s)\n\nWhen a book is made up of more than one volume, the pagination is not recorded, only the number of volumes. In some cases, if the volumes have been published in different years or have some other sort of independence from one another, the pagination may be given as if they were separate titles. Pagination is recorded as it appears in the book in question, without much attempt to normalize. If the preliminaries are numbered i-xii, followed by three blank pages and then by the main text numbered 1-194, the pagination should be recorded as xv + 194. When, as is often the case especially with American imprints, the numerical sequence of the roman-numeral preliminaries is continued in the arabic-numeral text (for example, i-xii + 13-194), the total number of pages is given (194). No record has been kept of deficiencies in page numbers at the beginning of preliminaries (for instance, if they begin at v instead of i and go on to xii, they are recorded simply as xii), but if the deficiency occurs at the beginning of the regular numbering of the pages of the text (starting, for instance, at 6 rather than 1 and going on to 194), it is (6-194). When an edition is a subscription edition, the fact is noted either in the Comments section or directly after the page numbering, because the presence of a list of subscribers usually adds materially to the number of pages. When a book contains a mixture of prose and verse an indication is usually given of their relative proportions.\n\n\n\nWhen the price is given in the book itself, it is recorded without further comment. When it has been taken from another source, such as a review or bibliography, the source is provided in the Reference line. This information is provided when readily available, but the results are unsystematic and necessarily incomplete. The English Catalogue of Books . . . 1801-1836 offers prices for many titles of those years, but its information should be used with caution.\n\n\n\nWhen information about the books has been provided from a source or from sources beyond the books themselves, a Reference is provided. The commonest ones are reviews in periodicals, often because they record prices; others, such as Halkett and Laing (HL), identify anonymous or pseudonymous authors. The List of Abbreviations gives the full form of each abbreviation. Information from the catalogues of libraries where the books are found is not separately acknowledged.\n\n\n\nThe libraries used are generally recorded in abbreviated form; the List of Abbreviations identifies them more fully. This bibliography is a record of particular copies, but the fact that the copy being recorded is found in one library rather than another is a matter of convenience and not an indication of rarity.\n\n\n\nShelfmarks of books in most libraries appear in slightly variant forms. The advent of online catalogues sometimes produced further modifications. Books in a fragile condition that are kept in boxes or protective envelopes are sometimes issued to readers along with the boxes or envelopes and sometimes not. It is often the case that the shelfmark on the container does not exactly match the shelfmark on the book. These differences are not usually much of a problem, but for what it is worth, an attempt has been made in recording them to use the shelfmark on the book. When a work is bound with others in a comprehensive or guard volume, its place in the volume is indicated by a numeral in parentheses following the shelfmark--for example 992.e.43(4), indicating that the work being described is the fourth item in the volume with the shelfmark 992.e.43. Online catalogues vary in practice, however, and it is practical if ordering these books to try first by leaving off the number in parentheses.\n\n\n\nUltimately, our goal is to provide headnotes for all the authors identified as having published original poetry in the period. Well known authors who wrote in languages other than English--notably, classical writers such as Homer and Virgil and major canonical writers such as Petrarch and Dante--are not given headnotes. For less well known modern authors such as Körner and Kotzebue, where there might be doubt about their nationality, a very brief identification is provided. We do not normally include the translators of earlier works into English verse or the editors of others' works whether old or new, but we have admitted a few translators as authors of some influence in their own right--and in that case they will have headnotes. Although some \"prior\" authors (those whose poetry was published before 1770, such as Pope and Akenside) find their way into the bibliography because they are included in anthologies that also contain new verse, biographies are not provided for them. These writers, already canonical at the end of the eighteenth century, are in any case easy to trace in standard reference sources.\n\nIn the relatively few years between RPW and the latest version of the online bibliography, there has been a digital revolution in the resources available to historians and biographers--online archives, digitization of primary sources, and specialist databases that earlier scholars hardly dreamt of. Though we adopted the model of the one-paragraph headnotes of RPW, we have been able to draw on all the resources of the internet as well as on traditional reference works and all but a handful of Jackson's headnotes for RPW have been rewritten. As he pointed out in the Introduction to that book, despite the emphasis on first-hand examination for the book records, \"the facts in the headnotes are not in any sense first hand.\" Like him, we have turned gratefully to the well documented materials of the major national biographies ONDB, ANBO, DIB, and  DCB, and in many cases have sought no further. Like him and like them, we have always cited our main sources (though not necessarily all sources) so that users who want to dig deeper may have an idea of where to start. For the huge majority of authors about whom little is known and on whom we spent most of our time and energy, we have routinely gone to the prefatory and paratextual parts of the books themselves, to WorldCat, to and, to ESTC and NSTC, to the RLF archives, and to Google and Google Books. Beyond those, specialist studies and websites take over, as will be evident from the last lines of our entries. Apart from the basics of name, education, and family, we have focused on the subjects' literary careers even if they are now better known as educators, lawyers, artists, politicians, or physicians.\n\nHeadnotes signed AA are by Andrew Ashfield.\n\n\n\nAt almost every stage of the development of this bibliography, financial support from the Government of Canada, particularly the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, was vital to the labour-intensive process of compiling the list and travelling to libraries to examine individual copies. Some time and money came also from Victoria College and the Department of English at the University of Toronto.\n\nWith each successive publication, Robin Jackson included personal acknowledgments to the students, friends, colleagues, assistants, librarians, booksellers, and others who had smoothed his way, as well as to institutional sponsors. A smaller team has been responsible for the relaunch, which was spear-headed by Sian Meikle at first, but then taken over with panache by Leslie Barnes as project manager. Gordon Belray once again acted as the graphic designer, and Mohammed Hechanova was our expert application programmer, succeeding Bella Ban. All the others thanked in multiple prefaces still deserve their share of thanks for helping to create the content in the first place.\n\nOne of the most diligent and creative of the scholars who made a friend of Robin and has continued to this day to be a friend to the enterprise is Andrew Ashfield, known to us as AA or WW depending. He has been the silent improver of many dates and details, especially for women writers, and we thank him wholeheartedly. He is also the author of all the headnotes signed AA.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.771774172782898}
+{"content": "Future of Utilities Summit: AX + BX + CX = total digital excellence\n\nThe pace of change in the utility industry is accelerating, and the landscape is shifting, driven by greater demands from the government and customer expectations. An excellent service experience at a competitive price, whilst adhering to complex regulations and maintaining the ability to switch providers, are now priorities. \n\nMaintel, in partnership with eGain, increase productivity, respond to regulation and maintain compliant behaviour. We can significantly: reduce front office-related costs, increase customer satisfaction and improve customer experience using knowledge to support technologies such as telephony, virtual assistants, digital messaging and knowledge management.\n\nLearn more by filling out the form on the right-hand side of this page.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9959931373596191}
+{"content": "Researchers pinpoint how PARP inhibitors combat BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor cells\n\nCredit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain\n\nA team of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) researchers has discovered how an important class of anti-cancer drugs called PARP inhibitors works, a finding that could help improve treatment and prolong survival for patients with breast cancer and other malignancies.\n\nPARP (poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase) inhibitors such as olaparib (Lynparza), rucaparib (Rubraca) and niraparib (Zejula) are used to treat patients with cancers of the breast, ovaries, prostate and pancreas, and are particularly effective against tumors carrying mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes.\n\nPARP inhibitors, like many other classes of anti- drugs, are known to work by interfering with the ability of to repair themselves after experiencing damage to their DNA, but exactly how PARP inhibitors selectively kill cancer was poorly understood.\n\nBut as Zou Lee, Ph.D. and colleagues found, PARP inhibitors work by creating gaps in tumor-cell DNA that remain present through multiple cell cycles, the process by which cells replicate: Grow, divide, repeat. They also found that BRCA1/2 mutant cancer cells cannot respond to these gaps and therefore fail to repair properly, leading to the death of tumor cells.\n\n\"These findings provide a mechanistic explanation of the selectivity of PARP inhibitors toward cancer cells, and they also offer new opportunities to improve the use of PARP inhibitors in the clinic,\" says Zou, scientific co-director of the Mass General Cancer Center and the Center for Cancer Research, and professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School.\n\n\"This work finally explains why PARP inhibitors kill BRCA-mutant cells selectively,\" he adds.\n\nThe research findings by Zou and colleagues Antoine Simoneau, Ph.D., and Rosalinda Xiong, both from the MGH Department of Pathology, are published in the journal Genes and Development.\n\nThe discovery has the potential to help clinical researchers better identify cells that are sensitive to PARP inhibitors, and to indentify potential mechanisms by which cancer cells may develop resistance to PARP inhibitors, Zou says.\n\n\"We can actually monitor BRCA-mutant cells during PARP inhibitor therapy, and then watch them if they change during the therapy, and then we can predict when they will become resistant to the drugs,\" he explains.\n\nZou and colleagues propose development of a clinical test to determine whether BRCA-mutant cells are slowing in growth in the second cell cycle during PARP inhibitor treatment.\n\n\"We think that this slowdown is the reason for the development of resistance to PARP inhibitors. If the cells don't slow down, they should be sensitive to the drugs, but if they do slow down they may be developing resistance,\" he says.\n\nBecause the ability of BRCA-mutant cells to slow down and thus develop resistance to PARP inhibitors is dependent on a master checkpoint protein (kinase) labeled ATR, it should be possible to combine PARP inhibitors with another class of drugs in development that are designed to inhibit ATR, thereby preventing resistance to PARP inhibitors.\n\nThe work is supported by grants to Zou from the National Institutes of Health.\n\nExplore further\n\nResearchers identify new relevant target for PARP inhibitor talazoparib\n\nMore information: Antoine Simoneau et al, The trans cell cycle effects of PARP inhibitors underlie their selectivity toward BRCA1/2-deficient cells, Genes & Development (2021). DOI: 10.1101/gad.348479.121\nJournal information: Genes & Development\n\nCitation: Researchers pinpoint how PARP inhibitors combat BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor cells (2021, August 12) retrieved 27 November 2021 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-08-parp-inhibitors-combat-brca1-brca2.html\n\nFeedback to editors", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5974400043487549}
+{"content": "Dylan Minnette plays Clay Jensen in 13 Reasons Why (Picture: Netflix)\n\nWarning: Contains spoilers for 13 Reasons Why.\n\n13 Reasons Why’s showrunner has teased season two will still focus around Hannah Baker, saying there’s ‘a bit more of Hannah’s story to tell’.\n\nSTRICT EMBARGO - NO USAGE BEFORE 22:15 GMT, 26 Nov 2021 - EDITORIAL USE ONLY Mandatory Credit: Photo by ITV/REX/Shutterstock (12619018ca) Morning Story - Richard Madeley with Ant and Dec 'I'm a Celebrity - Get Me Out of Here!' TV Show, Series 21, Gwrych Castle, Wales, UK - 26 Nov 2021 Intruder removed from I’m A Celebrity set after security breach at Gwrych Castle\n\nThe first season of 13 Reasons Why seemingly concluded Hannah’s story, after Clay Jensen listened to all the tapes handed to him following her death and passed them onto the last accused ‘reason’ in school counsellor Mr. Porter.\n\nWith a few cliffhangers remaining, like Alex’s gunshot wound, the whereabouts of Justin and Tyler’s motive for carrying a huge stash of guns, many viewers reckoned these were opening up avenues to take over Hannah’s plight in the planned season two.\n\n13 Reasons Why could be continuing with a follow up season (Picture: Netflix)\n13 Reasons Why is getting a second season (Picture: Netflix)\n\nHowever it seems like Hannah’s story isn’t over just yet.\n\nSpeaking at a Netflix For Your Consideration panel (via Mashable), showrunner Brian Yorkey teased season two, saying: ‘What I can tell you is that certainly one question I get a lot is, “How can there be a season 2 when the story’s over?” My response is, “What story is over?”\n\n‘Hannah told her version of events, but there are at least 12 kids who have another version of those events that we actually haven’t really heard from yet. So I think there’s quite a bit more of Hannah’s story to tell.’\n\nHowever he was quick to clarify Hannah’s interpretation of events wasn’t unreliable, saying: ‘I don’t think Hannah told any untruths on her tape.\n\n‘She reclaimed her narrative, which had really been taken from her.’\n\nHe added: ‘I think season 2 will explore how Hannah’s family and friends have been forever altered by her death, just as in real life – examining the grieving process from every angle.’\n\n13 Reasons Why has been hit with criticism over its depiction of suicide, with many claiming it glorifies the act.\n\nYou can catch the full first series of 13 Reasons Why streaming on Netflix.\n\nMORE : Selena Gomez is ‘freaking out’ with excitement over the second season of 13 Reasons Why\n\nMORE : 13 reasons why you need to watch Twin Peaks", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5839155912399292}
+{"content": "Too Hot For Pot?\n\nMarijuana plants can develop and survive virtually anyplace whatever the local weather, therefore the nickname “weed.” However, they may wrestle and certain not produce fascinating results if the temperature is just too sizzling.\n\nThe easiest method to forestall heat issues is to pick strains that do effectively in your explicit local weather. You can even use develop rooms or greenhouses to create excellent environments. However, even in the event you create a devoted indoor house, you’ll nonetheless must pay shut consideration to the temperature. You don’t need it to be too scorching to your plants.\n\nWhether you’re rising outdoors in Las Vegas or establishing an indoor develop room in Detroit, you’ll want to look at your plants rigorously for indicators of heat stress. Even in a develop tent, in case your marijuana develop tent temperature is simply too excessive, your plants will begin to have issues.\n\nAbout Too Hot for Pot?\n\nSymptoms of Heat Stress\nDo marijuana plants cease rising at sure temperatures?\nEasy methods to develop marijuana in extraordinarily excessive temperatures\nWhat’s the best temperature for rising marijuana?\nSoil temperature and marijuana plants\nWhat marijuana strains develop nicely in sizzling temperatures?\nWhat about humidity?\nFixing and stopping marijuana heat issues\n\nSymptoms of Heat Stress\n\nGenerally, an indication of heat stress in marijuana plants are curling leaves. Listed below are another indicators to look out for:\n\nLeaf edges that curl upwards\nWilted and drooping leaves\nBurnt leaves with the guidelines that seem brown\nWilting and drooping of the complete plant\n– The event of foxtails. That is the place a plant grows a brand new bud on prime of the preliminary one. Foxtailing usually happens throughout the flowering stage.\n\nAn excessive amount of heat might be an actual drawback. When marijuana plants are uncovered to extraordinarily excessive temperatures, they’re prone to:\n\nspider mites\nroot rot\nnutrient burn, which is because of elevated water transpiration\nwhite powdery mildew, which is a results of an excessive amount of humidity\nWilting, which is a results of lack of sufficient oxygen\nBuds that lack odor. This as a result of terpenes burn away at excessive temperatures\nIncreased stretching\n\nDo marijuana plants cease rising at sure temperatures?\n\nThe excellent news is marijuana plants don’t cease creating when there’s an excessive amount of heat. However, their progress will decelerate. It is because an excessive amount of heat impacts the technique of photosynthesis. The actions of the enzymes are additionally stunted, and the plants produce only a few proteins. However, whether it is uncovered to heat for lengthy durations, your plant would possibly find yourself dying.\n\nIn case you are rising marijuana in a develop room, keep in thoughts, the utmost temperature for marijuana develop tent success is 85°F. Temperatures greater than it will end result within the plant’s demise.\n\nWhen the marijuana develop room temperature is above eighty five levels Fahrenheit, photosynthesis will probably be affected; nonetheless, the plant will nonetheless produce sugar. For the sugars to be distributed all through the plant, the plant temperature must be above 20ºC or 60ºF. Within the case of sugars, heat is an effective factor. If the plant will not be heat sufficient, the sugars shall be caught, and the plant will undergo. Once the plant is heat sufficient, the sugars shall be distributed to their respective locations.\n\nHowever, if the temperature is above 85ºF throughout the flowering stage, bud progress will likely be stunted, which can lead to an airy and unfastened bud. The potency and odor of your buds might even be lowered. Maintaining the suitable temperatures through the flowering stage is essential in case your objective is to provide densely packed buds.\n\nLearn how to develop marijuana in extraordinarily excessive temperatures\n\nIn some areas, excessive temperatures can’t be prevented. In that case, you might need to think about using a develop tent. Grow tents assist guarantee a super marijuana develop room temperature. They do that by utilizing an exhaust system to maneuver sizzling air from the develop tent to the skin. If you aren’t utilizing an exhaust system, it’s best to, a minimum of, ensure you could have sufficient ventilation. An air conditioner may also take away scorching air. Cool an indoor rising space. Also, understand that your lights will trigger heat. Choosing low heat choices will decrease the temperature in your rising space.\n\nWhether you utilize a develop tent or develop your plants indoors with an air conditioner, sustaining the best temperature is important for producing the best high quality harvest.\n\nWhat’s the perfect temperature for rising marijuana?\n\nMaintaining the perfect temperature to your marijuana plants when utilizing a develop tent shouldn’t be all the time the simplest factor to do. It is because marijuana plants require totally different temperatures at completely different levels of their progress.\n\nThroughout the vegetative stage, marijuana plants thrive in temperatures between 70-eighty five levels Fahrenheit (20-30ºC). This can be the utmost temperature for marijuana develop tent use.\n\nThroughout the flowering stage, nonetheless, the best temperature to develop marijuana plants might be a little bit colder. The temperature must be stored between 65-eighty levels Fahrenheit (18-26ºC). The second half of the flowering stage is when the temperature must be at its coolest. This helps your marijuana plants produce flowers with wealthy shade, in addition to elevated trichomes, denser buds, and extra potent odor.\n\nWhen rising outdoors, the perfect temperature is just a little cooler. Marijuana outside develop temperature is finest when it’s near 60ºF.\n\nHowever, you additionally don’t need it to get too chilly. When utilizing a tent, the marijuana develop tent temperature ought to at all times be above 60ºF. Anything beneath that and the plant development will probably be stunted, the plant might freeze, and it’ll ultimately die. Sometimes you may expertise a evening or two the place temperatures could fall under 50ºF, however so long as it isn’t extended, you don’t want to fret. Keep in thoughts, out of doors cannabis might die if the temperature drops under 40ºF. Some plants can withstand the chilly, however their yields shall be lower than that of a typical plant due to delayed progress.\n\nIdentical to with an excessive amount of heat, the primary downside with chilly temperatures is photosynthesis. If it is simply too chilly, your plant won’t bear photosynthesis, and the leaves will develop a purple colour. Marijuana plants grown in chilly weather are additionally extra vulnerable to mold.\n\nNormally, the very best temperature to develop marijuana is about sixty eight levels Fahrenheit throughout flowering, and 70-78 levels Fahrenheit through the vegetative stage.\n\nSoil temperature and marijuana plants\n\nSoil is an important element when rising marijuana, so you must be sure that you’ve chosen one of the best soil for cannabis development. We suggest a Pot for Pot’s Superb Soil. It has the right stability of nutrients, perlite, and vermiculite to encourage correct soil pH, temperature, and drainage.\n\nSoil is crucial from the very starting of a marijuana plant’s life. Marijuana seed germination is triggered when soil temperature, mild, and moisture work collectively. For the most effective setting to your plants, consider investing in a soil thermometer to measure its temperature. The soil temperature needs to be maintained at 80ºF. This ensures that the roots keep heat. It additionally helps the stems and leaves withstand bouts of colder air (if you’re in an space that will get cool air). You can even place heat mats on the flooring to take care of the soil temperature in case your plants are usually not getting sufficient heat.\n\nWhat marijuana strains develop properly in scorching temperatures?\n\nCannabis plants are hardy. Most marijuana pressure will adapt to completely different climates and environments; nevertheless, some strains are higher at it than others. When rising marijuana in a scorching area, it’s finest to decide on strains that originated in comparable climates.\n\nListed here are some marijuana strains that thrive in scorching temperatures:\n\n– Northern Lights is greatest cultivated in heat temperatures. It offers as much as 22 ounces per plant.\n– Amnesia Haze grows in sizzling and dry areas, ideally grown indoors with a managed local weather.\n– Fruit Spirit thrives in areas the place the temperature is sizzling. It could possibly produce as much as 19 ounces per plant. Tangerine Dream will be grown each indoors. Outdoors so long as temperatures might be managed. It produces excessive yields of about 18 ounces per plant. It reaches maturity in 9-10 weeks.\n– Grape Ape grows greatest the place there’s each heat and solar. Grape ape produces excessive yields of as much as 28 ounces per plant. It’s mold. Pest resistant.\n\nWhat about humidity?\n\nWhen rising marijuana in a develop tent, you could monitor each the marijuana develop tent temperature and humidity. The identical is true when rising each indoors or outdoors; nevertheless, it’s extra noticeable in develop tents. Humidity is formed within the air the plants breathe out, because it incorporates water vapor. That’s why in a develop room, the moisture will all the time be at the next share than temperature. It is because marijuana plants emit 90% of the water and solely absorb about 10%.\n\nHigh humidity ranges are an issue for marijuana plants. Excessive humidity can gradual your plant’s progress, encourage the event of mold, and even trigger root rot. That doesn’t imply your plants need a desert setting, both. Excessively low ranges of humidity can stunt development and trigger stress on the leaves.\n\nAlso, similar to temperature, marijuana develop tent temperature and humidity wants differ relying on the plant’s rising stage. Through the seedling stage, keep the humidity ranges at round 65-70%. Through the vegetation stage, humidity ranges can decrease to a spread of 40-70%. Finally, when you attain the flowering stage, humidity ranges ought to vary between 40-50.\n\nNear the top of your plant’s life, throughout the late flowering stage, humidity ranges ought to vary between 30-40%. Purchase a hygrometer to observe the humidity ranges of your plant’s atmosphere.\n\nFixing and stopping marijuana heat issues\n\n\nIf you’re rising indoors utilizing a tent, the marijuana develop tent temperature is a vital think about whether or not your plants merely survive or thrive. To create and maintain the perfect temperature in a develop tent, begin by guaranteeing you’ve got ventilation. Fans are an effective way to do that in a develop tent, or you could possibly use air conditioning in a bigger develop room. Your focus ought to be on any heat that’s close to your plants since extreme heat could cause heat stress. More often than not, rising lights are the primary heat supply to be involved about.\n\nMaintain a cool surroundings by putting in an exhaust fan to ensure that the recent air from the realm is directed outdoors. To forestall smells from escaping with the heat, use an exhaust fan that has a carbon scrubber.\n\nYou may also repair a heat downside by situating the lights just a little bit farther from the plants. You can too use cooler lights. Air or water-cooled develop lights can protect the plants from heat, regardless of the sunshine depth. If utilizing common develop lights, keep them at the least three toes away out of your plants. Air or water-cooled lights might be positioned as shut as a foot away out of your plants.\n\n\nWhen outside marijuana plants are affected by heat stress, it may possibly take a number of weeks to recuperate, so it is crucial to forestall that stress in the primary place. Luckily, defending your out of doors cannabis plants from heat stress is sort of the identical methodology as defending your self – keep hydrated. Use micro-sprayers to cool your plants. This straightforward step can cool your plants by as much as 30 levels. You too can keep your roots cool by utilizing fabric pots. This kind of fabric permits your roots to breathe.\n\nWhile you select to water your plants can even assist with absorption and forestall heat issues. To assist keep your plants hydrated, water within the early morning earlier than the sunrise and late within the night after sunset. Once you water at these occasions, your plants are higher capable of absorb extra of their water as a result of it doesn’t evaporate as rapidly.\n\nPlacing your plants within the shade may also assist; nevertheless, you must solely do that for the occasional heatwave. In case your plants are usually not often uncovered to direct sunlight, they might go into shock once they finally are uncovered to it. This consists of shifting your plants which are rising in containers.\n\nIt’s also possible to use seaweed kelp extract to guard your marijuana plants whereas they’re recovering from heat stress. This ensures the plants are protected from the opportunity of contracting heat stress sooner or later.\n\nGrowing marijuana is certainly one of the best issues to do; nonetheless, you’ll get the perfect outcomes if you happen to concentrate on creating and sustaining the right temperature. Start with excessive-high quality seeds or clones, Superb Soil, and a little bit little bit of love, and you’ll be nicely in your solution to rising wholesome marijuana plants.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.814826250076294}
+{"content": "How can health care system be improved?\n\nHow can health care system be improved?\n\nHere are five steps primary care providers can take right now to improve quality healthcare for their patients:Collect Data and Analyze Patient Outcomes. Set Goals and Commit to Ongoing Evaluation. Improve Access to Care. Focus on Patient Engagement. Connect and Collaborate With Other Organizations.\n\nDoes quality improvement improve quality?\n\nAlthough quality improvement (QI) is frequently advocated as a way of addressing the problems with healthcare, evidence of its effectiveness has remained very mixed. The reasons for this are varied but the growing literature highlights particular challenges. Fidelity in the application of QI methods is often variable.\n\nWhat is PDSA quality improvement?\n\nPDSA, or Plan-Do-Study-Act, is an iterative, four-stage problem-solving model used for improving a process or carrying out change. When using the PDSA cycle, it’s important to include internal and external customers; they can provide feedback about what works and what doesn’t.\n\nWhat is PDSA cycle in quality improvement?\n\n\nWhat is the PDSA cycle and how is it used to support continuous improvement?\n\n\nWhy is PDSA used in healthcare?\n\nThe value of PDSA in healthcare improvement The purpose of the PDSA method lies in learning as quickly as possible whether an intervention works in a particular setting and to making adjustments accordingly to increase the chances of delivering and sustaining the desired improvement.\n\nHow long should a PDSA cycle last?\n\nShort Duration—Each PDSA cycle should be as brief as possible for you to gain knowledge that it is working or not (some can be as short as 1 hour). Small Sample Size—A PDSA will likely involve only a portion of the practice (maybe 1 or 2 doctors).\n\nWhat are the four steps in the PDCA cycle?\n\nDefinition of Deming Cycle, PDCA: The Deming Cycle, or PDCA Cycle (also known as PDSA Cycle), is a continuous quality improvement model consisting out of a logical sequence of four repetitive steps for continuous improvement and learning: Plan, Do, Check (Study) and Act.\n\nWhy is PDSA cycle important?\n\nThe model for improvement provides a framework for developing, testing and implementing changes leading to improvement. Using PDSA cycles enables you to test out changes on a small scale, building on the learning from these test cycles in a structured way before wholesale implementation.\n\nIs the PDSA model effective?\n\nUse of PDSA cycles in healthcare Despite increased investment in research into the improvement of healthcare, evidence of effective QI interventions remains mixed, with many systematic reviews concluding that such interventions are only effective in specific settings.\n\nWhat is the model of improvement?\n\nThe Model for Improvement has two parts of equal importance The Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) cycle tests and implements changes in actual work settings.\n\nDoes each part of the PDSA cycle?\n\n\nWhat is the PDCA process?\n\nThe PDCA/PDSA cycle is a continuous loop of planning, doing, checking (or studying), and acting. It provides a simple and effective approach for solving problems and managing change. The model is useful for testing improvement measures on a small scale before updating procedures and working practices.\n\nWhat are the benefits of PDCA cycle?\n\nPDCA has some significant advantages: It stimulates continuous improvement of people and processes. It lets your team test possible solutions on a small scale and in a controlled environment. It prevents the work process from recurring mistakes.\n\nHow does Pdca improve quality?\n\nPDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) is an iterative, four-stage approach for continually improving processes, products or services, and for resolving problems. It involves systematically testing possible solutions, assessing the results, and implementing the ones that have shown to work.\n\nWhat is the full form of PDCA cycle?\n\nQuality Glossary Definition: Plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle. Variations: plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycle, Deming cycle, Shewhart cycle. Understand the evolution of these variations. The Plan-do-check-act cycle (Figure 1) is a four-step model for carrying out change.\n\nWhat Kaizen means?\n\nchange for the better\n\nWhat is PDCA cycle PDF?\n\nPDCA (plan–do–check–act) is an iterative four-step quality improvement and management agile process typically used for the better of the business strategy. PDCA is a successive cycle which starts off small to test potential effects on processes, but then gradually leads to larger and more targeted change.\n\nWho is considered the father of Six Sigma?\n\nBill Smith", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9849784970283508}
+{"content": "Why did Charles Darwin delay making his idea of natural selection known to the public?\n\n\nThis mysterious 20-year interval has become known as “Darwin’s delay” or “the long wait”. Most historians argue that Darwin kept the theory secret because he was afraid of the reaction it might provoke among his peers and of damaging his reputation.\n\nWhat was Darwin working toward before he would publish his theory?\n\nHis project was highly ambitious and of immense scope and he needed time to garner the necessary evidence. But he was also working on other projects his Beagle related works, then his work on barnacles and these pushed back the date until he could start work on his species theory.\n\nWhat finally caused Darwin to publish his ideas what pushed him over the edge?\n\nWhat finally caused Darwin to publish this work was a letter from English naturalist Alfred Wallace, who knew that Darwin was interested in evolution. The letter came in June, 1858, from Malaya. With it was a summary of Wallace’s theory, On the Tendency of Varieties to Depart Indefinitely from the Original Type.\n\nWhat is Darwins theory?\n\n\nWhat did Charles Darwin eventually conclude about life?\n\nDarwin’s theory of evolution declared that species survived through a process called “natural selection,” where those that successfully adapted or evolved to meet the changing requirements of their natural habitat thrived and reproduced, while those species that failed to evolve and reproduce died off.\n\nHow did Darwin prove evolution?\n\nDarwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection states that living things with beneficial traits produce more offspring than others do. This leads to changes in the traits of living things over time. During his voyage on the Beagle, Darwin made many observations that helped him develop his theory of evolution.\n\nHow did Charles Darwin impact the world?\n\n\nDid Darwin say survival of the most adaptable?\n\nDarwin actually said: “It is not the strongest of the species that survives, it is the one that is the most adaptable to change.”\n\nWhat did Darwin say about extinction?\n\nDarwin argued that all extinction is selective: species not able to compete with other species die out.\n\nWhat sociologist would say that the strongest most adaptable societies will survive just as Darwin said that the strongest species will survive?\n\nHerbert Spencer\n\nWhat did Darwin say about Adaptation?\n\n\nWhat does Darwin mean by survival of the fittest?\n\n\nWhy is survival of the fittest misleading?\n\nIt is misleading because it implies at first glance that organisms who are physically stronger are better at topping the competition. Generally speaking, “survival of the fittest” actually means that the organism fitting most into its environment will survive better than others.\n\nWho said Adapt or die?\n\nCharles Darwin\n\nHow do you adapt to changes?\n\nFortunately, there are ways to adapt to change, and even to take advantage of it.Find the humor in the situation. Talk about problems more than feelings. Don’t stress out about stressing out. Focus on your values instead of your fears. Accept the past, but fight for the future. Don’t expect stability.\n\nHow do businesses adapt to change?\n\nIn order to adapt, a company must have its antennae tuned to signals of change from the external environment, decode them, and quickly act to refine or reinvent its business model and even reshape the information landscape of its industry.\n\nWhere there is change there is opportunity?\n\n“Whenever there is change, and wherever there is uncertainty, there is opportunity” ~Mark Cuban – LINK.\n\nWhat does opportunity was knocking at her door mean?\n\n: when a person gets the chance to do something he or she wants to do You need to be ready when opportunity knocks.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9966748356819153}
+{"content": "Our Services Retina\n\n\n\nIf you have a problem that involves the RETINA or VITREOUS, you may be referred to one of our ophthalmologists who specializes in diagnosing and treating retinal disorders. Drs. Eric Thomas, Ryan Geraets, and Elizabeth Atchison are Ophthalmology LTD's retinal subspecialists.\n\nWhat is the retina?\n\n\nThe retina doctors at Ophthalmology LTD have had special training in treating retinal conditions and diseases. They take great care in diagnosing and treating problems and diseases of the retina, including macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and retinal detachment.\n\nWhat is a retinal specialist?\n\nA retinal specialist (sometimes called a \"vitreo-retinal\" specialist) is a board-certified ophthalmologist with additional sub-specialty training and an advanced level of competence in the diagnosis and medical-surgical management of disorders that affect the eye's retina, macula, and vitreous.\n\nDrs. Geraets, Thomas, and Atchison are fellowship-trained and have extensive experience in treating retinal problems.\n\nKaren's Story: Retinal Detachment\n\n“I highly recommend the doctors and all of the nurses, the staff at Ophthalmology LTD. They go above and beyond the call, and if you have any emergency needs, any general eye needs, they’re the ones that I recommend.”\n\nWhat does \"fellowship-trained\" mean?\n\nIt takes at least 14 years of education and training to become a vitroretinal specialist.\n\nTo become eye surgeons, Dr. Geraets, Dr. Thomas, and Dr. Atchison completed four years of college, four years of medical school, one year of internship, and three years of residency training in ophthalmology. They then completed two years of highly-specialized fellowship training in their vitreoretinal subspecialty.\n\nThose years of training and experience add up to the expertise you need on your side when a retinal problem threatens your vision.\n\nWhat happens during a retinal examination?\n\nIt is our privilege and commitment to serve you with the highest quality eye care in the region. The eye surgeons at Ophthalmology LTD strive to stay on the forefront of treatment and related technology.\n\nAs you visit our retinal specialists, you will note that often times there can be numerous elements to your exam. Please familiarize yourself with the following to ensure that you have a comfortable and informed exam:\n\n  • You need to plan to be dilated for every exam. Retinal specialists treat the retina, which is located at the back of your eye. Dilating the pupils of your eye is the only way the physician can assess the health of your retina effectively.\n  • It is very common to have lab testing that accompanies your visit to the retinal specialists. There are a number of tests that help the physician diagnose, treat and monitor various retinal problems.\n  • A typical exam is 1 to 2 hours or more due to the extensive nature of retinal testing and each patient's unique situation. Please plan ahead of time to have assistance with driving to and from the clinic. Driving with dilated pupils is not advisable.\n  • Due to the length of the average retinal appointment, we recommend that diabetic patients come prepared with a snack or drink to help regulate your blood sugar.\n\nThe doctor may prescribe medication, laser surgery, or another surgical procedure. Most of these procedures can be performed on an outpatient basis in our Sioux Falls office's state-of-the-art surgery center. Your doctor will discuss the recommended treatment with you and answer your questions.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7664297819137573}
+{"content": "Background: Tune Your Text to Improve Readability\n\nTo improve reading performance, individuals need the ability to “Tune their Text” or change how words appear on the screen using a full set of “Readability Features.” These include character shape (base font determines character shape and also weight; additional features can provide width expansion of characters), size (the size of the characters), spacing (inter-character space and line space) and background color (black on white, or white on black). The result is reading faster with greater ease and accuracy, therefore allowing for enhanced comprehension.\n\nReadability Matters continues to look for insights that may suggest new ways to improve readability.\n\n\n2015, the Initial Observation\n\nIn 2015, Readability Matters tested a classroom of 20 students using material presented in Times New Roman (the control) and 4 alternate formats based on AvantGarde. (A summary of the test is included in Proof of Concept Results: Maximizing Individual Reading Performance with Scalable Tuned Text.) A simple observation caused us to think about character spacing differently.\n\n\n  • 95% read better with a clean round font\n  • Additional Readability Features, including added character spacing and character expansion, improved reading proficiency for 40% of the students\n  • The clean round font was the only change required for 55% of the students to achieve their best reading\n\nInterestingly, the clean round font used in this study was an old version of AvantGarde. The font designers used very tight character spacing in this version of AvantGarde.\n\nNotice the difference in perceived character spacing in Times New Roman and in this version of AvantGarde. This attribute caught our attention and raised the following questions. Could some readers be helped by reducing character spacing, as some are helped by adding it? (Microsoft offers an option to add significant character spacing in Immersive Reader, a feature that benefits many.) In the font families that have larger inherent character spacing, could another set of readers benefit from reducing it?\n\n\n2019, University Students Agree\n\nIn 2019, Readability Matters conducted a quick survey of reading format preference. Thirty-seven university students aged 18-21 elected to participate. They were invited to play in the Readability Matters’ Sandbox and to design a format they would like to use to read.\n\nThere was an overwhelming preference to personalize text format; 36 of 37 students changed at least one Readability Feature. After making different base font selections (see options pictured), 30% of the students chose the “narrow” setting, which reduced the character spacing.\n\nThis survey reports reader preference for format; it does not measure reader performance. The results provide direction for further study. What is the relationship between reading format preference and reading performance? Consider the possibility that the preferred format is different from the best format. If the reader enjoys the reading experience and reads longer, does the preferred format deliver more value?\n\n\nNext Steps\n\nSimilar to the 3rd-grade study, a segment of the university students preferred tight character spacing. As we consider implementation recommendations, tech, edtech and publishing providers should anticipate the need for less in addition to more character spacing.\n\nSince 2015, Readability Matters has called for further study of character spacing and other Readability Features to support implementation recommendations. Some character spacing questions still to be answered are:\n\n  • What is the range of useful character spacing settings? (Include decreased to increased character spacing text formats, in many styles of fonts)\n  • What is the relationship between character shape (in this case, roundness) and reader need for additional character spacing?\n  • As character spacing goes up, can text size go down?\n  • Does the font’s inherent character spacing, weight or roundness predict a reader’s need for more character spacing?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7944924831390381}
+{"content": "[Universalist Leader.]\n\nIn the midst of this world of changing fashions of clothes and thought there are millions who pride themselves upon wearing the same set of opinions which they wore twenty years ago. If the ideas of these people were like clothes, and could be seen and compared with other clothes, they would go into the junk almost instantly. Unfortunately, ideas and opinions are invisible; and, contrary to every other form in things, they are called sacred. We change the garments we wear, the automobiles in which we ride, the houses in which we live, the food which sustains life, but we consider it almost a crime for one to change his opinions. In churches, in political parties, in ethics and morality, no person is dealt with more harshly than one who today puts deliberately aside some thought or belief which he accepted yesterday. They call him turncoat, traitor, betrayer, scamp. That which should be encouraged in the interest of growing personality we discourage. Even the trees put forth new shoots each day. The fashion of the forest changes with the seasons of the year. Only man is victim of a preposterous and superstitious consistency which demands sameness of fashion in his higher life. Some time an age will be born which will understand the difference between the outward forms and fashions of ideas, and those inward principles of faith, hope, and love which really abide forever. In that day men will be encouraged to change their ideas for better ones as readily as they do their clothes. Men will then understand that underlying all fashions of garments and ideas there is the expression of an unfolding personality, divinely endowed and forever trying to find a better fit and a more comfortable dress and greater freedom for self-expression.\n\nMarch 1, 1913\n\nWe'd love to hear from you!\n\nEasily submit your testimonies, articles, and poems online.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6642497181892395}
+{"content": "Moonshine Wagon is a band of bluegrass (American folk with stringed instruments and voices to chorus) accelerated mixed with acoustic punk. It was formed 5 years ago in Vitoria and since then has been touring throughout Europe and part of America in a self-managed way in their „la Wagon“ motorhome doing what they like best. The band is formed by a quartet of strings in which they intersperse violin / mandolin, banjo, guitar and double bass.\nThey are very easy to recognize due to their peculiarities: their inexhaustible and easily contagious live energy, their life and their documentaries that they publish on social networks traveling around the world. They have 3 albums published: „Folk You!“, „Porca Miseria“ and the recently released „Straight From The Mud“.\n\nMoonshine Wagon is formed by Goiatz Dutto (violin, mandolin and voice), Joel Bruña (banjo and voice), Lander Lourido (guitar and voice) and Víctor Martín (double bass), but you can also see them in duo or trio.\nIn 5 years they have given more than 1000 concerts throughout Europe and part of America and throughout 2019 and 2020 will present their new work with a new extensive world tour.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9892352819442749}
+{"content": "SRI Cancelled All Actions Against Bananera Noboa\n\nOn September 27 2012, the SRI declared the nullity of all actions taken, since May 19 2010, to collect a debt that was qualified by the company as arbitrary and illegal. The SRI, also lifted the preventive measures on real state and personal properties from the company corporate body and  other people connected to Bananera Noboa by the SRI.\n\nIn a public announcement titled: The SRI unmasked before the whole world, Bananera Noboa voices that this resolution proves that the company was right to start this fight in may of 2010. “The declared nullity shows that for two years, every affirmation was true and the ones from the SRI were false, and that our legal actions were justified and were only defeated by political power.” “Legal reason was always on our side affirming that the official demand for payment and the coercive administrative proceeding were always, instruments of political persecution“.\n\nWe have defeated the political machine which runs the SRI, our legal fight has prevailed, and its strength has relied on the truth, adds the communication, however, the consequences are horrific: immeasurable moral damages, gigantic economic losses, and to be more horrified, A JUDGE IN PRISON FOR BEING BRAVE ENOUGH TO PROTECT OUR RIGHTS, NOW ACKNOWLEDGED BY OUR OWN ACCUSER. THIS TRUTH SHOWS THE POLITICAL PUTREFACTION THAT SURFACES WHEN THE SRI MASK FALLS.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.994110107421875}
+{"content": "Mars, Nasa, curiosity rover, gale crater, mount sharp, coatlicue, aztec statue, biomorph, richard dawkins\nCoatlicue, Aztec statue, Biomorph, Richard Dawkins,\n\nYet across the gulf of space 2020\n\nOil and Acrylic on canvas 300x100cm\n\nNasa's Curiosity rover landed on Mars on August 6, 2012. The incredible engineering and technical vision is enabling the search for the next genesis, the theme explored in this painting. Coatlicue, an Aztec statue depicting the mother of the sun, is also the name given to the massive second generation star that went supernova 8.5 billion years ago. This supernova seeded the interstellar medium with heavy elements with all the complex atoms that compose our solar system and any life in it. Hanging in the air like the classic space invaders game of the 1980's, are the biomorphs developed by the esteemed evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkin's. Humanity is still taking baby steps in terms of discovering life elsewhere in the universe, and our fragility as a species is echoed in the vulnerability of the infant and the harshness of the Martian environment \n\nMars, Nasa, curiosity, gale crater, mount sharp", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999203681945801}
+{"content": "It was surreal, even by the partisan, histrionic standards of social media. The health minister had just been drawn into an apparent corruption scandal at least twice as large as Sarafina 2. Norma Mngoma, estranged wife of Malusi Gigaba, had gone full Marie Antoinette at the Zondo commission.\n\nBut it was the DA that was being pummelled on social media for holding an online rally...\n\nBL Premium\n\nThis article is reserved for our subscribers.\n\n\nAlready subscribed? Simply sign in below.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7673913240432739}
+{"content": "New Guinea Bissau PM named, incumbent refuses to leave\n\n\nGuinea-Bissau President Jose Mario Vaz named a new prime minister but his sacked predecessor refused to step down, intensifying a power struggle between Vaz and the ruling party weeks ahead of a presidential election.\n\nVaz, who is running again in the November 24 poll, dissolved government on Monday saying the political situation was undermining normal functioning of state institutions in the West African country.\n\nIt suffered repeated bouts of instability since independence from Portugal in 1974, including nine coups or attempted coups and a surge in cocaine trafficking from South America linked to senior military officials.\n\nThe country has been largely peaceful since Vaz came to power in a 2014 election following a coup two years earlier.\n\nHe repeatedly clashed over the balance of power in the semi-presidential system with a string of prime ministers put forward by the African Party of the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), which has a majority in parliament.\n\nIn a decree on Tuesday, Vaz named as Prime Minister Faustino Fudut Imbali, who served in the same post from 2000-2003 and represents the small Manifest Party of the People.\n\nGomes, put forward by PAIGC, told Reuters he refused to go: “I am in my office, working.”\n\nGomes said Vaz’s orders were illegitimate since the president’s term technically expired on June 23. West African regional bloc ECOWAS declared Vaz could stay in office to the November election.\n\nVaz won the 2014 presidential election as a PAIGC candidate but fell out with the party after sacking his prime minister in 2015. He is running for re-election as an independent candidate.\n\nIn a rare political protest, demonstrations from a party opposed to Gomes’s government took to the streets of Bissau at the weekend, demanding the election be postponed so voter lists could be checked for irregularities.\n\nA protester died on Saturday and several were wounded, according to government, a hospital source and march organisers.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5655885934829712}
+{"content": "I have a physical product , it is a new board game. I am trying to get exposure for it. To this end, I am thinking of a contest where people would post videos of themselves playing the game on social media and provide the links. The video with the most likes by a specific date would win a cash price. I need someone who understands the legal aspects of this to do this properly. Must be US resident and understand local laws.\n\nTaidot: Markkinointi, Viraalimarkkinointi\n\nNäytä lisää: how to get paid for writing a blog, how to find help for designing a website, how to get paid for having a blog, i have thousands of business cards and i need a card reader to organize them for me, how to organize business cards in a binder, how to organize onenote for work, how to organize inventory for small business, how to organize notes for a presentation, how to organize content for a book, how to organize raw data into a spreadsheet in excel, best way to organize music for djs, how to organize documents for court, questions and considerations to ask client for designing a database, how to organize footage for editing, how to organize research for a novel, how to use twitter for business a beginner's guide, how to organize data for a pivot table, how to organize paperwork for a business, how to organize laundry for a large family, how to organize evidence for a custody case\n\nTietoa työnantajasta:\n( 406 arvostelua ) Bellingham, United States\n\nProjektin tunnus: #31911155\n\n\n\nDear Client, (Let's chat & discuss more) After carefully reading your job description, I can see that you are looking for someoneGuide you to organize a contest for a PRODUCT. I am a full-stack Professional SEO spec Lisää\n\n$20 USD 7 päivässä\n(1 arvostelu)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9995689988136292}
+{"content": "The Themes\n\nWhether you are driven by the collapse-narrative, a frustrated environmental activist, or someone who wants to do something about racism…\n\nIs your goal a world where we learn to take care of one another and keep each other as safe as possible?\n\nFollow this framework to see if it sparks some fresh, creative, flexible thinking…\n\nWe begin with looking at what the dominant culture is and how it feeds into our sense of powerless.\n\nColourful stripes with the words White Supremacy Culture Patterns and the keduzi logo, which is a colourful flower.\n\nDiscover how these patterns make us vulnerable to groupthink, to not being able to use our best thinking, and to (eco)fascist narratives.\n\nIn order to figure out the appropriate response to climate change, colonisation, racism, etc, we need to listen to the people who have benefited the least from the dominant system. They understand the way the system works in a way we (white, Western, middle-class people) cannot. The better we understand the system, the better we can resist it / undermine it.\n\nBut one of our cultural patterns is to not be able to hear from the people most marginalised by society. So, to start, how do we become allies?\n\nSpecifically, why do we find it so hard to hear angry voices? Why might people from other cultures find us difficult to be around? And what do we lose by centring English?\n\nFor those of us thinking about the future a lot, how do our conceptions show up cultural patterns that may distract us from a truly appropriate response to what is happening in the world? We look at “hope” and “certainty”.\n\nNow we begin looking at what taking care of one another and keeping each other as safe as possible could look like, might need to encompass…\n\nWe look at systemic violence and what true accountability and justice might be…\n\nAnd, finally, real world examples of how people survive without or despite the system…\n\nAnd we learn about a tool called Convergent Facilitation so we can take leadership in any situation: thinking well about the group as a whole, and eliciting their best thinking.\n\nSelect your currency\nGBP Pound sterling\n\nWhite Supremacy Cultural Patterns\n\nTheme 1: Tema Okun suggests 18 patterns of white supremacy culture. We go through each one, reflecting on how we see these patterns playing out in our own lives… our relationships, communities, and workplaces. Watch the videos.\n\nInternalised Oppression\n\nTheme 2: What if we believe the stereotypes about our different identities? About what “women are like” or “men are like” or “children are like” or “blind people are like”? How does this show up? And is it confusing for people who do not have that identity to see this happening? Watch the video\n\nCult Dynamics\n\nTheme 3: How do cult dynamics show up in society, organisations, movements, and movements? Be sure to reviewing Tema Okun‘s white supremacy culture patterns (see videos here). We go over Cult Researchs characteristics of cults. Pause for processing and reflection. Watch the videos.\n\n\nTheme 4: What do we mean by ecofascism? Is the term being used too much or too little? We go over examples of language being used in common places, like Facebook groups, which threaten to normalise ecofascism. This is about strengthening our capacity to notice narratives that are willing to sacrifice some humans/living species/ecosystems for the benefit of a small number of privileged people. Watch the video.\n\nBeing an Ally\n\nTheme 5: As a mixed-heritage Latina, Heather shares what she considers to be good allyship. If she saw you interrupting racism or sexism or ablism or any kind of oppression at all, what qualities would she expect to see?  Watch the video.\n\nTone Policing\n\nTheme 6: What is tone policing? In other words, what is it about our dominant culture that expects people to “be nice” before they can say something uncomfortable for others to hear? How does this perpetuate separation when we so badly need a world where we take care of one another and keep each other as safe as possible? Watch the video.\n\nCultural Appropriation\n\nTheme 7: What does cultural appropriation mean? What is the difference between appreciation, sharing, and appropriation? What is it about the dominant white culture that leads to appropriation? Watch the video\n\nLanguage Liberation\n\nTheme 8: With all the diversity in the world, why is just one language seen as the common language? English dominates globally. Even in conferences where no one has English as their first language, English is used to communicate amongst people who speak many different languages. What do we lose when we allow this domination? What languages have we lost in our family tree? Watch the video\n\nHope & Privilege\n\nTheme 9: How do we talk about hope? What do we mean and does it depend on the context? And what does our philosophy about hope and use of the word say about our own privilege? How do the two interact? Does it reflect on our culture, our language? Watch the videos.\n\n\nTheme 10: Our dominant culture is uneasy about uncertainty about the future. We want answers now. We want solutions. We want guarantees. What is this mindset about? What do we need to explore in order to be more open to other ways of viewing the future? How does this play out in the context of climate change, ecological destruction, and collapse-driven narratives? Watch the video.\n\nNonviolence in a Violent World\n\nTheme 11: What does it mean to be nonviolent in a violent world? What is violence and what is nonviolence? Who is perpetrating the violence? What does a commitment to nonviolence look like when we live in this world? Based on the work of Peter Gelderloos and Miki Kashtan. Watch the video\n\nCommunity Accountability\n\nTheme 12: When harm occurs within a community, what is the healthy response? Based on Mariame Kaba’s book, We Do This ‘Til They Free Us. Watch the videos\n\nRestorative Justice\n\nTheme 13: With so much scrutiny of the police, what is justice? What is wrong with the current system and what is meant by restorative and transformational justice? This workshop just seeks to take the very first steps toward exploring these huge issues… We all get to start at square one, with loads of time for processing and reflection and a comfort break at the midway point of the two hours. We’ll keep checking in with our bodies to stay connected and grounded in where we’re at with these huge issues. Videos coming in November 2021.\n\nSupport Pods & Mutual Aid\n\nTheme 14: What can we learn from mutual aid and disability justice siblings about support pods and how best to take care of one another and keep each other as safe as possible? What is it about our dominant culture that makes it hard for so many of us to even just knock on our neighbour’s door? We spend two hours exploring examples and our responses to them. Plenty of time for processing and reflection and a midway comfort break. Videos coming in November 2021.\n\nA Solution that Works for Everyone\n\nTheme 15: An introduction to Convergent Facilitation, based on Miki Kashtan’s work. What do we need to keep in mind as we look for solutions that work for everyone? We look at each stage of facilitation. Watch the videos.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.883053183555603}
+{"content": "\n\nBefore income taxes, the Troy, Michigan-based bank-holding company earned $51 million during the three months ended Dec. 31, 2017, according to its fourth-quarter earnings report.\n\nIncome improved from $42 million during the final-three months of 2016. But there was a decline in earnings compared to the $60 million earned in the preceding three months.\n\nSource: Mortgage Daily", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999867856502533}
+{"content": "APIs came more and more to the forefront of tech-thinking in 2012 and there was some great thinking about API trends and the Web more generally.\n\nWhen it comes to the application programming interfaces (APIs) and the API  economy, the question that gets asked most frequently is “What is an API?”. Thanks to the wider-spread attention that APIs are getting from the mainstream media, “What is an API?” is, in fact, the million dollar question because, for those who understand the potential of APIs, there could be millions of more dollars to be made, or saved.\n\n\nImagine a waiter at the restaurant, You the customer are sitting at the table with a menu to order from, and the kitchen is the provider who will fulfill your orders.\n\nYou need a link to communicate your order to the kitchen and then to deliver it back to the table. It can be the chef as he’s cooking in the kitchen. You need something to connect to the customers who are ordering food and the chef who is preparing the food. That’s where the waiter – or the API – enters the picture.\n\nThe waiter takes your order, delivers it to the kitchen, telling the kitchen what to do, it then delivers the response. In this case, the food back to you. Moreover, if it’s designed correctly, hopefully, the order won’t crash.\n\nGoogle has been launching APIs open to the work to use.\n\nWith the introduction to  what is an API, let’s talk about Top 5 APIs launched at Google Next, 2019\n\n1. Video intelligence API-bundled enhancement\n\nVideo Intelligence API, is a pre-trained machine learning models that have a tendency to automatically recognize a vast number of objects, places, and actions in stored and streaming video. This has proved to be one of the most efficient resources for common use cases and improves over time as new concepts are introduced.\n\n2. Cloud vision API\n\nCloud vision allows developers to easily integrate vision detection features within applications, including image labeling, face, and landmark detection, optical character recognition and tagging of explicit content. The use cases included are label detection, face detection, text recognition.\n\n3. Document understanding API\n\nThis is an extremely innovative launch as with this if your business requires any manual paperwork processing, document understanding API can be used effortlessly, this will enable the task to classify documents, extract crucial information from scanned images. the following use cases are included: document and content management, digital transaction management, system integration, robotic process automation, procure to pay automation.\n\n4. Recommendation API\n\nDo you have a retail-oriented business? Wow, recommendation  API is the solution as this will help you deliver highly personalized product recommendation to the customers at scale. A fully managed service, this API puts all of the data to work to deliver high quality, relevant recommended products.\n\n5. Visual Product Search\n\nLooking to deliver relevant products to the customers?\n\nVisual product search helps you match the customer-generated images from the product catalog. These results tend to reduce the purchasing friction for the customers by promoting them with product based on their interests.\n\nWow! That was a lot, there are constant updates to the API system, this is being done for better support developers and there are new solutions being launched to meet the ever-growing breadth of business and industry needs.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8442696928977966}
+{"content": "Homeless man returns a wallet full of money and in exchange receives a house and a job - WTVideo.com\nHomeless man returns a wallet full of…\nCriticized for agreeing to marry a woman who is pregnant by another man At 88, she still manages to climb trees to pick fruit and sell it in his village\n\n\nJuly 07, 2021 • By Alison Forde\n\nThe life of the homeless is not easy at all; not having a home, being constrained to sleep under a bridge, or in never havign a fixed place indoors, fighting every day to eat something even though you have no coins or banknotes in your wallet to buy food; no, it's not at all easy, yet the homeless, who are people who know firsthand what sacrifice, poverty and honesty mean, are the ones most likely to carry out gestures of great kindness.\n\nThis is the story of Woralop, a 45-year-old homeless man who lives in Bangkok, the most important city in Thailand; while on board the city subway, the man noticed that another passenger on the metro had dropped his wallet without realizing it; Woralop, who lived in absolute poverty, could have taken advantage of the situation and kept the wallet with all the money inside, but he didn't do that.\n\nHe tried to follow the rightful owner but eventually lost sight of him among the multitude of passengers getting on and off the carriages ...\n\nLooking inside the wallet, there were many personal documents and a total of about $600 in bills; what Woralop did was immediately go to the local police office to return the lost wallet and track down the rightful owner; the latter transpired to be a wealthy metallurgical industry businessman named Nitty Pongkriangyos.\n\nThe wealthy owner, once he recovered his wallet from the police, couldn't help but thank the kind homeless man for everything he had done to secure his money and personal documents: \"I was totally shocked when the police he told me they had my wallet because I didn't even know I lost it. My first reaction was Wow! If I was in that situation with no money, I probably would have kept it. But he was homeless, he only had a few coins in his pocket and handed it in anyway without taking a single note. This shows that he is a good and honest person ... just the kind of person we need in our company! \"\n\n\nThus, Nitty did a lot to change the life of the homeless man for the better; he offered him a job in his metallurgical company and a new home where he can eat and sleep comfortably every day: \"Woralop is living proof that being a good person has its advantages. When you are good to someone else, someone else will be good to you. These are the acts of good heart and honesty that everyone should practice!\" said Tarika Patty, Nitty's girlfriend.\n\nWoralop's story shows us once again that honesty and kindness always pay off: if you are kind to someone else, others will eventually be kind to you; let's always remember this!\n\n\nLeave your comment\n\n\nPlease login to upload a video\n\n\nLogin with Facebook\n\nDid you like the video?\n\n\n\nI'm already a fan, Thank you", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8797001838684082}
+{"content": "Matteo Berrettini Net Worth: How Rich is the Italian Tennis Player?\n\nMatteo Berrettini is an Italian professional tennis player. He has been climbing up the ranks in a quick period with him having his career-high ATP singles ranking at world number eight. As of 2021, Matteo Berrettini net worth is estimated to be around $5 million.\n\nFull NameMatteo Berrettini\nBirth DateApril 12, 1996\nBirth PlaceRome, Italy\nProfessionProfessional Tennis Player\nRelationship StatusIn a Relationship\nNet Worth$5 million\n\nEarly Life\n\nMatteo Berrettini was born on April 12, 1996, in Rome, Italy to parents Luca Berrettini and Claudia Bigo. Both of them have a history of being club tennis players and they were the ones to first introduce Matteo to the game as well. He has been coached since he was only years old by Vincenzo Santopadre and would make his debut professionally at the age of 18.\n\nMatteoBerrettini Net Worth and Career\n\nAfter starting his career in 2015, Matteo would make his debut on the ATP through the Italian Open in 2017. However, his first match would end in defeat. He regrouped for the ATP the very next year and played at the Swiss Open Gstaad where his performance would significantly improve resulting in his first-ever ATP victory. To add the cherry on top of the cake, Matteo would also win his first-ever ATP doubles title during the same event.\n\nMatteo had made a mark that he was among the elites to watch out for. In the Hungarian Open, he went on to win his second ATP title. This was followed by his third singles title victory at the Félix Auger-Aliassime. His performance even led to setting the record as being the fifth tennis player since 1999 to ever win two tournaments without dropping serve.\n\nHe has continuously raised his standards and even became the first Italian male tennis player to reach the U.S. Open semifinals since 1977. He has gone on to compete at the Masters as well where he has managed to reach the semifinals multiple times playing head to head and competing against top players such as Novak Djokovic and Roger Federer.\n\nHowever, in 2020 the pandemic made him lose his momentum which was also toppled by injury problems. Compared to his previous performances, it seemed that Matteo’s results had become weaker. However, he has come strong in 2021 winning his first-ever ATP 500 title. Furthermore, he has again made history by being in the final of the Grand Slam in Wimbledon.\n\nPersonal Life\n\nMatteo Berrettini is in a relationship with Ajla Tomljanovic who an Australian professional tennis player. A common profession would have helped to make their relationship work as they seem to be very supportive of each other’s careers with Ajla cheering Matteo in several of his matches recently. Ajla has also had success in her career having already won four singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.\n\nMatteo Berrettini Net Worth\n\nAs of 2021, Matteo Berrettini has an estimated net worth of $5 million. So far in his career, Matteo has been able to earn $5.8 million in prize money. Furthermore, he also earns through endorsement deals with his popularity growing day by day.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999889612197876}
+{"content": "TIANSHANNET   ›   News   ›   Xinjiang News\n\nCommentary: The Truth of Xinjiang’s Vocational Training Centers\n\nThe US side ignored the facts and China’s solemn statement and signed the so-called “Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020” to deliberately defame the human rights situation in northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.\n\nMeanwhile, about a hundred short videos recording the lives of the minorities in the southern parts of Xinjiang have circulated widely online. These videos show the real work and life scenes of graduated trainees from the vocational education and training centers in Xinjiang. In these videos, they are free to work and live happily, which strongly refutes Western politicians and reveals their sinister intentions and hypocrisy.\n\nViolent terrorism and religious extremism used to be rampant in Xinjiang, which seriously affected social stability and economic development and severely trampled on the rights of survival and comprehensive development of the people of all ethnic groups. The local government prioritized the preventive work to counter-terrorism and established the training centers in some districts and counties under laws and regulations. The centers help and educate three types of people: those who were instigated, coerced, or enticed to take part in terrorist or extremist activities; those who were involved in terrorist or extremist activities with minor plots; and those who were involved in such terrorist or extremist activities that did not constitute crimes. The program has achieved remarkable achievements.\n\nAs education and training institutions, the training centers are of a school nature and are not so-called “concentration camps.” The number of people participating in them was dynamic, as there are both graduates and newcomers. Some foreign media claims that the number of students in the training centers was a million or even two million is fabricated and groundless.\n\nThe education and training centers offer free vocational skills education and training through various forms of learning, such as centralized training, boarding, and practical training. The students are issued a certificate of completion after an assessment. After completing their studies, the students can choose their own jobs, or relevant departments will assist them in arranging employment.\n\nThe education and training centers offer courses on Mandarin learning, legal knowledge, professional skills, and courses on eradicating extremism. The purpose of learning standard communication skills and in written language is to improve their work. Notably, they are not be deprived or restricted from using and developing their languages.\n\nThe education and training centers focus on combining course learning with practical operations to improve their ability. The practical training is part of teaching activities. It is not forced labor. The centers never interfere with the freedom of belief of the students and never carry out teaching activities to change their religious beliefs. Whether to believe in religion or not is entirely a personal matter of the students.\n\nThe education and training centers fully guarantee that the personal dignity of the students is not violated, and it is strictly prohibited to insult and abuse the students. The education and training centers implement boarding system management, and students can return home regularly or ask for casual leave. The students are also free to communicate. All rules and regulations, curriculum, recipes, and other things at the centers use Mandarin and local minority languages. The centers fully respect and protect the customs and habits of students of different nationalities and provide a wide variety of nutritious halal diets at no charge.\n\nIn order to meet the aspirations of the grassroots cadres and the masses to improve their capability, the centers launch routine, normalized, and open education training for the rural cadres and people in need. The courses focus on the training of such things as standard Chinese language, legal knowledge, and vocational skills.\n\nSince the establishment of the training centers, their remarkable results have been widely recognized by people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang. Most of the graduated students have elevated their minds. With the skills learned in the centers, they have found suitable jobs in garment, shoes, and hats processing, the food industry, electronic product assembly, e-commerce, automotive maintenance, architectural decoration, livestock breeding, fruit farming, painting, musical instrument performance, dance performance, and other fields. In recent years, Xinjiang has witnessed social stability, economic development, and harmonious coexistence of people of all ethnic groups, and various undertakings have undergone tremendous changes.\n\nThe training centers in Xinjiang have the same nature as the community correction system implemented in the United States, the Desistance and Disengagement Programme project in the United Kingdom, and the de-radicalization centers in France.\n\nIn the so-called “Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020,” the claims that the centers holding over one million Uyghur people, persecuting religious freedom, or forcing labor were fabricated by a group of anti-China people mustered by Western organizations. It is complete nonsense to disagree with the truth. Human rights are, first and foremost, the right to survival and development of human beings. Social turbulence and economic backwardness will harm people’s lives. How can human rights be guaranteed under such circumstances?\n\nSome American politicians and anti-China people are not concerned about the human rights issues of people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang. Their fundamental purpose is to hinder the development and progress of the case of human rights in Xinjiang. Their sinister intention is to use the so-called Xinjiang issues to Westernize, smear, or even split China. Facts speak louder than words, and disguise should be stripped away. Any attempt to achieve its ulterior purpose by reversing black and white and making mischief is doomed to fail.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7101262807846069}
+{"content": "RubyWorld Conference 2021 Prospectus\n\nAs the spread of the pandemic (COVID-19) has been ongoing since last year, we have decided to hold the 13th RubyWorld Conference in 2021 online as we did so for the conference in 2020. With no previous experience, we held the conference online by trial and error last year, but we expect that we will be able to organize the event in a somewhat better way this year by making use of the experience we gained last year.\n\nThe worst enemy of technology is stagnation. Because changes involve cost and pain, it is natural for people to feel that they want to avoid them wherever possible. But being quick to seek stability will stop progress, dampen the community’s enthusiasm, decrease the number of users, and result in the end of technology.\n\nThe Ruby Community strives not to experience such stagnation by any means. It is determined to continue to change and evolve while placing importance on the compatibility and stability that allows the continued use of software. Some may remember many presentations related to the evolution of Ruby, which were given at the RubyKaigi the other day.\n\nWe believe this conference, held under the theme of getting a bird’s-eye view of the Ruby ecosystem, will offer presentations that address how the Ruby Community faces the future. Please view the activities of the Ruby Community in a way that strives to proactively create the future, instead of just waiting for it to come. Why don’t we create the future together?\n\nWelcome to the new world. Join us in making it larger, together.\n\nYukihiro Matsumoto\nChairman of the Execution Committee of the RubyWorld Conference", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997872710227966}
+{"content": "speech 2\n\nShould people convicted of drug possession be sent to recovery programs instead of jail? (2 pages)Use at least  6 sources for this persuassive essay. outline is due 01/31/21\n\n\nUse Discount Code “Newclient” for a 15% Discount!\n\n\nThe post speech 2 appeared first on Nursing Writers Hub.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9920129179954529}
+{"content": "The Town Of Warm Mineral Springs\n\nWarm Mineral Springs, Florida is situated in Sarasota county, and has a residents of 5390, and is part of the more North Port-Sarasota, FL metropolitan region. The median age is 71.5, with 2.8% for the community under ten years of age, 1.1% are between 10-nineteen years old, 1.1% of residents in their 20’s, 6.1% in their 30's, 4.3% in their 40’s, 8.8% in their 50’s, 19.9% in their 60’s, 32.6% in their 70’s, and 23.2% age 80 or older. 44.2% of residents are men, 55.8% female. 61.7% of citizens are recorded as married married, with 10.7% divorced and 9.6% never wedded. The % of citizens identified as widowed is 17.9%.\n\nThe average family size in Warm Mineral Springs, FL is 2.29 household members, with 85% being the owner of their particular houses. The average home appraisal is $122015. For individuals renting, they pay out on average $1336 per month. 7.4% of families have 2 incomes, and a median domestic income of $43505. Median individual income is $25653. 13.6% of residents live at or beneath the poverty line, and 25.5% are disabled. 17.3% of residents of the town are veterans for the armed forces of the United States.\n\nThe labor force participation rate in Warm Mineral Springs is 18.1%, with an unemployment rate of 6.3%. For those of you located in the labor force, the common commute time is 22.7 minutes. 8.2% of Warm Mineral Springs’s residents have a masters degree, and 11.1% have earned a bachelors degree. For people without a college degree, 32.7% have some college, 40.5% have a high school diploma, and just 7.5% possess an education lower than senior high school. 8.8% are not covered by medical health insurance.\n\nChaco Culture Park In NW New Mexico\n\nGo to North West New Mexico's Chaco Culture National Monument from Warm Mineral Springs, Florida. Chaco Canyon was one's heart of a civilisation that is pre-Columbian in the Southwest San Juan Basin from the 9th to the 12th century CE. Chacoan civilisation represents a unique phase in the history of an ancient population now known as \"Ancestral Pueblos\" due to their relationship to the current indigenous peoples of the Southwest whose lifestyles are structured around Pueblos, or apartment-style communal housing. Chacoans produced enormous public architectural works that were unprecedented into the ancient North American world and remained unrivaled in size and complexity until historic times—a feat that required long-term planning and extensive social organization. Perfect alignment of these structures with the cardinal directions and the cyclical positions of the sun and moon, together with an profusion of exotic trade objects discovered inside these buildings, provide as an indicator that Chaco was an sophisticated culture with strong spiritual links to the surrounding nature. This fluorescence that is cultural made all the more amazing by the fact that it took place in the high altitude semi-arid desert of the Colorado Plateau, where even surviving represents an achievement and the long-term planning and organization necessary was carried out without a written language. This absence of a written record also adds to a certain surrounding that is mystic - with evidence restricted to items and constructions left behind, many tangible issues concerning Chacoan culture remain partly solved after decades of research.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9994899034500122}
+{"content": "Photo courtesy of Bryce Pinkham / IMDb\n\nBryce Pinkham Presents on Fear from A Theater Perspective\n\nOn Nov. 3, Boston College’s Institute of the Liberal Arts had another addition to their Lowell Humanities Series with a talk from Bryce Pinkham, a well established BC alum and Tony Award Winning Broadway actor. \n\nTitled “Bryce Pinkham: Fear Into Fuel: A Gentleman’s Guide to Stage Fright and Other Scary Things like Climate Change,'' the speech addressed the fear associated with performing both theatrically and academically, such as giving a presentation in class or even having an office hours meeting with an intimidating professor. Tuning in via Zoom, Pinkham used a series of metaphors to encourage students to use their fear for good. \n\nPinkham initially addressed the audience by acknowledging that he was going to address fear from an anecdotal point of view rather than from a psychological perspective. He connected with the audience, explaining that even as an experienced actor, he still experiences stage fright and feels the same “butterflies in his tummy” that we all do. However, he has learned to make friends with the butterflies and uses their power for good. \n\nPinkham then began to discuss where fear originated; with hunters and gatherers. Our ancestors learned from the very beginning that in order to survive, we must work together. When there was a threat of danger, everyone had to congregate to fight off that danger, whether it was a fear of starvation or a predator. In order to stay “in” with the group, one would have to remain helpful in those dangerous situations or else they would be kicked out and left to fend for themselves. This explains why in today’s day and age, we are compelled to follow the trends in order to remain “in” with the rest of society. \n\nPinkham compared fear to a fire alarm and ourselves to the house containing the fire alarm. One does not go into a house and say that the fire alarm is a part of the house, but rather is in the house in order to protect it from danger. This is the same way fear works. Fear is not a part of us, but rather something that can be helpful. It can also be ignored if we so choose. He brought this back to the butterflies analogy, saying that it is possible to \"thank\" the butterflies for protecting us while believing that they are making a mistake, and continue with the task we are scared of. \n\nPinkham believes that fear can be used for both good and bad, either as a means of telling us not to do something, or encouraging us to push past that fear and embrace it with open arms. He brought up the fear of climate change, which Pinkham fully realized during the pandemic when he was left to truly think about the problems that surround us, and realized that he had a platform to address those problems. \n\nPinkham remembered that he did not feel butterflies when he considered being a climate lobbyist or an environmental lawyer, but he did when he thought about bringing the conversation of climate change into the theatre. He hoped to reach people on a human level and connect with them in a way that other people had not attempted. This was the beginning of his new one-man show as he explained the process of meeting with collaborators to create a new, untapped version of theatre. The show focuses on a man who is stranded on a deserted island and the only thing he wants to do is put on a performance of “Singing in the Rain.” This mimics Pinkham’s own feelings as he explained that he also felt as though he was stranded on an island when considering the current climate crisis. \n\nThrough a multitude of analogies and fantastic imagery, Pinkham encouraged the audience to view fear as something to embrace rather than cower from. He explained how he used his fear to create something fantastic that addresses serious issues in our current society. By using an enthusiastic and encouraging tone, the actor captivated the audience’s attention and left them pondering how they, too, can embrace their butterflies. \n\nLover of candy corn, New Girl, and asking people if they’re mad at me. Hater of seafood and The Beatles (sorry).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6328386068344116}
+{"content": "Word Test 223\n\nImprove Your Vocabulary\n\n\n\nFor the Week ending 06/02/06\n\n\nThese satellites appear as if they are not moving, as they orbit the Earth 22,300 miles above the Equator and rotate at the same relative speed and direction as the Earth's surface.\n\n_______ are used to broadcast TV signals back to dishes and receivers around the globe.\n\nBand of frequencies from 19 to 30 Ghz (billion cycles per second) that are used by DirecTV, Dish Network and WildBlue along with others, for HDTV, MPEG4, Broadband Internet and general data. This provides faster data transfer rates which is needed for MPEG4.\n\nThe _______ has enabled the Satellite TV companies to offer HDTV with greater efficiency.\n\nRefers to the location of satellites around the globe. Their are 6 main slots used for DBS TV. Echostar uses 61.5, 110. 119, 129 and 148 for their satellite TV services. DirecTV uses 101, 110 and 119 for their satellite TV service. A DISH 500 systems can receive signals from 119 and 110 simultaneously. To receive DISH programming from 61.5, 129 or 148 you will need a second dish. DirecTV uses a Oval dish to receive signals from 101, 110 and 119.\n\nDish Network uses the DISH 500 receiver systems to retrieve signals from _______.\n\nThe loss of signal from the satellite during a heavy rain. This happens more or less to all DBS systems. The loss of signal is usually for only a few minutes. This event can occur even if it is not raining at the viewing location. A large black thunderhea\n\n_______ is one of Cable TV's strongest selling points verses Satellite TV.\n\nThis event occurs when a satellite dish is looking at a satellite, and the sun passes behind the satellite and within the field of view of the dish antenna. These events can be exactly predicted as to the timing for each site. The outage occurs during the\n\nIt's always best to know in advance when a _______ will occur in your area.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9792553186416626}
+{"content": "Can Tho voters want transport projects sped up, river bank erosion prevented hinh anh 1National Assembly Chairwoman Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan shakes hands with a voter in the Mekong Delta city of Can Tho (Photo: VNA)\n\nCan Tho (VNA) -\nVoters in the Mekong Delta city of Can Tho voiced hopes of speeding up transport projects and preventing river bank erosion, during their meeting with National Assembly Chairwoman Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan on June 24.\n\nThey also shared their opinions on personnel tasks, anti-corruption measures, the implementation of welfare policies for those who contributed to the national revolution, exemptions and reductions to agricultural land use taxes, the criteria for building new-style rural areas, identifying poor and near-poor households, and investments in health, education, and transport.\n\nThe top legislator agreed with voters that transport infrastructure in the delta still faces an array of difficulties, adding that the Government is concerned about investing in the building of the Trung Luong - My Thuan Expressway and My Thuan 2 Bridge, which are under construction.\n\n“The National Assembly and the Government want to accelerate the building of the expressway, so that it opens in 2022,” she said during a meeting with voters after the recently-concluded 9th session of the NA.\n\nWhile meeting with retired local officials, Ngan said the NA has passed the Law on Planning and that mapping out residential planning and zoning off rice production areas are necessary measures.\n\nCan Tho should grasp the spirit of Politburo Resolution No 45 on building and developing the city and of Government Resolution No 120 on promoting sustainable development in the Mekong Delta in response to climate change.\n\nShe noted that tackling river bank erosion is an urgent task, adding that the State has put forth financial support mechanisms for localities to address the consequences of natural disasters, which will remain in place./.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9353781938552856}
+{"content": "Marketing RFP Issued By Town of Mountain Village\n\n2021-11-16 by Jim Crickell\n\nThe Town of Mountain Village (“the Town”) invites all interested, qualified companies or firms to submit responses to this Request for Proposal (RFP) seeking companies capable of providing a full range of comprehensive destination marketing, brand marketing and brand management services for the Town. The Town of Mountain Village is committed to implementing marketing plans that will promote responsible tourism and travel to the area.\n\nThe successful consultant must demonstrate extensive knowledge and understanding of how to create and implement a comprehensive marketing program strategy for a outdoor recreation focused community and economy to fulfill the objectives of the Town. The Town is encouraging consultants to bid on the RFP as a whole or to bid on specific parts of the RFP where the consultant may have specialized expertise.\n\n\nSituated in the heart of the breathtaking San Juan Mountains, Mountain Village was incorporated in 1995 as a home rule municipality that, in part, encompasses Telluride Ski & Golf (“TSG”). Its founders envisioned a European-style ski-in/ski-out, pedestrian-friendly destination resort that would complement the historic mining town of Telluride.\n\nA three-stage gondola transportation system connects the Town of Mountain Village with the Town of Telluride. Situated at 9,545 feet, Mountain Village is a world apart from other resorts: it is innately spectacular, beautifully orchestrated and planned, and overflowing with style, charm and sophistication. The selected consultant will work closely with Town staff to market Mountain Village to target audiences and key demographics. While the selected consultant’s efforts will invariably benefit TSG and the region as whole, the consultant’s primary focus will be on marketing and building the Mountain Village brand. The general marketing objective is to create or continue the implementation of a marketing program that identifies target markets, informs and promotes responsible tourism for identified target markets, promotes outdoor recreation activities, the area’s numerous and diverse natural resources, dining and retail opportunities, and Mountain Village’s unique events and festivals. The Town anticipates entering in a multi-year agreement with the selected consultant to carry out these services and more, as identified below.\n\nScope of Work:\n\nThe successful consultant will be expected to complete the following scope of work, including\n\nObjective 1: Digital Asset Development Develop Town specific digital assets, including website home sliders, website events, blog posts, enewsletters, email blasts, photography, videos and infographics Enhance and support existing digital assets, including the Town’s website, mobile apps, branded social pages, landing pages, photography, videos and infographics in order to increase online traffic to Town and Town-related sites and increase Mountain Village brand awareness. (All assets will belong to the Town for discretional use.) Objective\n\n2: Print Collateral Development Develop Town specific marketing collateral, including, infographics, event magazines, brand stories, newsletters, flyers, posters, banners, maps and mailers to increase brand awareness and enhance and promote the Mountain Village experience.\n\nObjective3: Visitor’s Guide Development and Production Develop and produce a visitor’s guide specific to the Town of Mountain Village for the purpose of enhancing and promoting the visitor experience in Mountain Village and to drive traffic to Mountain Village businesses. If a Mountain Village specific visitor’s guide is not feasible, feature Mountain Village news and amenities equitably in current Visitor’s Guide and ensure content distribution is equal to funding source. Develop a strategy for effective distribution of such visitor’s guide to maximize return on investment.\n\nObjective 4: Print Paid-Media Creative Development, Planning, and Implementation Develop and implement an interactive paid media strategy, broadcast, digital, and print. Such paid media should drive traffic to relevant Town websites, Town retail outlets or service locations, and Town social media sites.\n\nObjective 5: Interactive Paid-Media Creative Development, Planning and Implementation Develop and implement an interactive paid media strategy, including multitouch digital media channels to reach the Town of Mountain Village target audience at various points in their travel decision making – inspiration, planning, booking, scheduling, traveling, experiencing, and sharing. Ensure Town of Mountain Village reaches and remains at the forefront of new and innovative digital media trends.\n\nObjective 6: Marketing Monitoring/Tracking/Reporting Provide data and analysis to the Town with respect to Mountain Village marketing efforts, return on investment (ROI) and other key performance indicators.\n\nDue Date: November 19, 2021\n\n\nZoe Dohnal, Business Development and Sustainability Director, at\n\nCoyne PR and Zeno Group are agencies worth considering.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.993941605091095}
+{"content": "Star Explained\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe word \"star\" ultimately derives from the Proto-Indo-European root \"h₂stḗr\" also meaning star, but further analyzable as h₂eh₁s- (\"to burn\", also the source of the word \"ash\") + -tēr (agentive suffix). Compare Latin stella, Greek aster, German Stern. Some scholars believe the word is a borrowing from Akkadian \"istar\" (venus), however some doubt that suggestion. Star is cognate (shares the same root) with the following words: asterisk, asteroid, astral, constellation, Esther.[1]\n\nObservation history\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWith the exception of rare events such as supernovae and supernova imposters, individual stars have primarily been observed in the Local Group,[33] and especially in the visible part of the Milky Way (as demonstrated by the detailed star catalogues available for ourgalaxy) and its satellites. Individual stars such as Cepheid variables have been observed in the M87[34] and M100 galaxies of the Virgo Cluster,[35] as well as luminous stars in some other relatively nearby galaxies.[36] With the aid of gravitational lensing, a single star (named Icarus) has been observed at 9 billion light-years away.[37] [38]\n\n\nSee main article: Stellar designation, Astronomical naming conventions and Star catalogue. The concept of a constellation was known to exist during the Babylonian period. Ancient sky watchers imagined that prominent arrangements of stars formed patterns, and they associated these with particular aspects of nature or their myths. Twelve of these formations lay along the band of the ecliptic and these became the basis of astrology. Many of the more prominent individual stars were given names, particularly with Arabic or Latin designations.\n\nAs well as certain constellations and the Sun itself, individual stars have their own myths.[39] To the Ancient Greeks, some \"stars\", known as planets (Greek πλανήτης (planētēs), meaning \"wanderer\"), represented various important deities, from which the names of the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn were taken. (Uranus and Neptune were Greek and Roman gods, but neither planet was known in Antiquity because of their low brightness. Their names were assigned by later astronomers.)\n\n\nThe internationally recognized authority for naming celestial bodies is the International Astronomical Union (IAU). The International Astronomical Union maintains the Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[42] which catalogs and standardizes proper names for stars.[43] A number of private companies sell names of stars which are not recognized by the IAU, professional astronomers, or the amateur astronomy community. The British Library calls this an unregulated commercial enterprise, and the New York City Department of Consumer and Worker Protection issued a violation against one such star-naming company for engaging in a deceptive trade practice.\n\nUnits of measurement\n\n\nnominal solar luminosityL = [44]\nnominal solar radiusR =\n\nThe solar mass M was not explicitly defined by the IAU due to the large relative uncertainty (10−4) of the Newtonian gravitational constant G. Since the product of the Newtonian gravitational constant and solar masstogether (GM) has been determined to much greater precision, the IAU defined the nominal solar mass parameter to be:\n\nnominal solar mass parameter:GM =\n\n\n\nFormation and evolution\n\nSee main article: Stellar evolution.\n\nStars condense from regions of space of higher matter density, yet those regions are less dense than within a vacuum chamber. These regions—known as molecular clouds—consist mostly of hydrogen, with about 23 to 28 percent helium and a few percent heavier elements. One example of such a star-forming region is the Orion Nebula.[45] Most stars form in groups of dozens to hundreds of thousands of stars.[46] Massive stars in these groups may powerfully illuminate those clouds, ionizing the hydrogen, and creating H II regions. Such feedback effects, from star formation, may ultimately disrupt the cloud and prevent further star formation.[47]\n\n\nStar formation\n\nSee main article: Star formation.\n\nThe formation of a star begins with gravitational instability within a molecular cloud, caused by regions of higher density—often triggered by compression of clouds by radiation from massive stars, expanding bubbles in the interstellar medium, the collision of different molecular clouds, or the collision of galaxies (as in a starburst galaxy).[49] [50] When a region reaches a sufficient density of matter to satisfy the criteria for Jeans instability, it begins to collapse under its own gravitational force.[51]\n\n\nEarly stars of less than 2 are called T Tauri stars, while those with greater mass are Herbig Ae/Be stars. These newly formed stars emit jets of gas along their axis of rotation, which may reduce the angular momentum of the collapsing star and result in small patches of nebulosity known as Herbig–Haro objects.[54] [55] These jets, in combination with radiation from nearby massive stars, may help to drive away the surrounding cloud from which the star was formed.[56]\n\n\n\nMain sequence\n\nSee main article: Main sequence.\n\n\nEvery star generates a stellar wind of particles that causes a continual outflow of gas into space. For most stars, the mass lost is negligible. The Sun loses 10−14 every year,[61] or about 0.01% of its total mass over its entire lifespan. However, very massive stars can lose 10−7 to 10−5 each year, significantly affecting their evolution.[62] Stars that begin with more than 50 can lose over half their total mass while on the main sequence.[63]\n\nThe time a star spends on the main sequence depends primarily on the amount of fuel it has and the rate at which it fuses it. The Sun is expected to live 10 billion (1010) years. Massive stars consume their fuel very rapidly and are short-lived. Low mass stars consume their fuel very slowly. Stars less massive than 0.25, called red dwarfs, are able to fuse nearly all of their mass while stars of about 1 can only fuse about 10% of their mass. The combination of their slow fuel-consumption and relatively large usable fuel supply allows low mass stars to last about one trillion (1012) years; the most extreme of 0.08 will last for about 12 trillion years. Red dwarfs become hotter and more luminous as they accumulate helium. When they eventually run out of hydrogen, they contract into a white dwarf and decline in temperature.[64] Since the lifespan of such stars is greater than the current age of the universe (13.8 billion years), no stars under about 0.85 [65] are expected to have moved off the main sequence.\n\nBesides mass, the elements heavier than helium can play a significant role in the evolution of stars. Astronomers label all elements heavier than helium \"metals\", and call the chemical concentration of these elements in a star, its metallicity. A star's metallicity can influence the time the star takes to burn its fuel, and controls the formation of its magnetic fields,[66] which affects the strength of its stellar wind.[67] Older, population II stars have substantially less metallicity than the younger, population I stars due to the composition of the molecular clouds from which they formed. Over time, such clouds become increasingly enriched in heavier elements as older stars die and shed portions of their atmospheres.[68]\n\nPost–main sequence\n\nSee main article: Subgiant, Red giant, Horizontal branch, Red clump and Asymptotic giant branch. As stars of at least 0.4 [69] exhaust the supply of hydrogen at their core, they start to fuse hydrogen in a shell surrounding the helium core. The outer layers of the star expand and cool greatly as they transition into a red giant. In some cases, they will fuse heavier elements at the core or in shells around the core. As the stars expand, they throw part of their mass, enriched with those heavier elements, into the interstellar environment, to be recycled later as new stars.[70] In about 5 billion years, when the Sun enters the helium burning phase, it will expand to a maximum radius of roughly 1lk=offNaNlk=off, 250 times its present size, and lose 30% of its current mass.[71] [72]\n\nAs the hydrogen-burning shell produces more helium, the core increases in mass and temperature. In a red giant of up to 2.25, the mass of the helium core becomes degenerate prior to helium fusion. Finally, when the temperature increases sufficiently, core helium fusion begins explosively in what is called a helium flash, and the star rapidly shrinks in radius, increases its surface temperature, and moves to the horizontal branch of the HR diagram. For more massive stars, helium core fusion starts before the core becomes degenerate, and the star spends some time in the red clump, slowly burning helium, before the outer convective envelope collapses and the star then moves to the horizontal branch.[73]\n\n\nMassive stars\n\nSee main article: Supergiant star, Hypergiant and Wolf–Rayet star. During their helium-burning phase, a star of more than 9 solar masses expands to form first a blue and then a red supergiant. Particularly massive stars may evolve to a Wolf-Rayet star, characterised by spectra dominated by emission lines of elements heavier than hydrogen, which have reached the surface due to strong convection and intense mass loss, or from stripping of the outer layers.[76]\n\n\n\n\nAs a star's core shrinks, the intensity of radiation from that surface increases, creating such radiation pressure on the outer shell of gas that it will push those layers away, forming a planetary nebula. If what remains after the outer atmosphere has been shed is less than roughly 1.4, it shrinks to a relatively tiny object about the size of Earth, known as a white dwarf. White dwarfs lack the mass for further gravitational compression to take place.[79] The electron-degenerate matter inside a white dwarf is no longer a plasma. Eventually, white dwarfs fade into black dwarfs over a very long period of time.[80]\n\n\nA supernova explosion blows away the star's outer layers, leaving a remnant such as the Crab Nebula. The core is compressed into a neutron star, which sometimes manifests itself as a pulsar or X-ray burster. In the case of the largest stars, the remnant is a black hole greater than 4 .[82] In a neutron star the matter is in a state known as neutron-degenerate matter, with a more exotic form of degenerate matter, QCD matter, possibly present in the core.[83]\n\n\nBinary stars\n\n\n\n\n\nStars are not spread uniformly across the universe, but are normally grouped into galaxies along with interstellar gas and dust. A typical large galaxy like the Milky Way contains hundreds of billions of stars. There are more than 2 trillion (1012) galaxies, though most are less than 10% the mass of the Milky Way.[90] Overall, there are likely to be between and stars[91] [92] (more stars than all the grains of sand on planet Earth).[93] [94] [95] Most stars are within galaxies, but between 10 and 50% of the starlight in large galaxy clusters may come from stars outside of any galaxy.[96] [97] [98]\n\n\n\nThe nearest star to the Earth, apart from the Sun, is Proxima Centauri, 4.2465ly away. Travelling at the orbital speed of the Space Shuttle, 8km/s, it would take about 150,000 years to arrive.[103] This is typical of stellar separations in galactic discs.[104] Stars can be much closer to each other in the centres of galaxies and in globular clusters, or much farther apart in galactic halos.\n\n\n\n\n\nSee main article: Stellar age estimation.\n\n\n\nLifetimes of stages of stellar evolution in billions of years[110]\nInitial Mass Main SequenceSubgiantFirst Red GiantCore He Burning\n1.0 9.33 2.57 0.76 0.13\n1.6 2.28 0.03 0.12 0.13\n2.0 1.20 0.01 0.02 0.28\n5.0 0.10 0.0004 0.0003 0.02\n\nChemical composition\n\nSee also: Metallicity and Molecules in stars. When stars form in the present Milky Way galaxy they are composed of about 71% hydrogen and 27% helium,[111] as measured by mass, with a small fraction of heavier elements. Typically the portion of heavy elements is measured in terms of the iron content of the stellar atmosphere, as iron is a common element and its absorption lines are relatively easy to measure. The portion of heavier elements may be an indicator of the likelihood that the star has a planetary system.[112]\n\nThe star with the lowest iron content ever measured is the dwarf HE1327-2326, with only 1/200,000th the iron content of the Sun.[113] By contrast, the super-metal-rich star μ Leonis has nearly double the abundance of iron as the Sun, while the planet-bearing star 14 Herculis has nearly triple the iron.[114] Chemically peculiar stars show unusual abundances of certain elements in their spectrum; especially chromium and rare earth elements.[115] Stars with cooler outer atmospheres, including the Sun, can form various diatomic and polyatomic molecules.[116]\n\n\nSee main article: List of largest stars, List of smallest stars and Solar radius. Due to their great distance from the Earth, all stars except the Sun appear to the unaided eye as shining points in the night sky that twinkle because of the effect of the Earth's atmosphere. The Sun is close enough to the Earth to appear as a disk instead, and to provide daylight. Other than the Sun, the star with the largest apparent size is R Doradus, with an angular diameter of only 0.057 arcseconds.[117]\n\n\nStars range in size from neutron stars, which vary anywhere from 20 to 40km (30miles) in diameter, to supergiants like Betelgeuse in the Orion constellation, which has a diameter about 1,000 times that of the Sun[119] [120] with a much lower density.[121]\n\n\nSee main article: Stellar kinematics.\n\n\n\n\nMagnetic field\n\nSee main article: Stellar magnetic field.\n\n\nYoung, rapidly rotating stars tend to have high levels of surface activity because of their magnetic field. The magnetic field can act upon a star's stellar wind, functioning as a brake to gradually slow the rate of rotation with time. Thus, older stars such as the Sun have a much slower rate of rotation and a lower level of surface activity. The activity levels of slowly rotating stars tend to vary in a cyclical manner and can shut down altogether for periods of time.[126] Duringthe Maunder Minimum, for example, the Sun underwent a70-year period with almost no sunspot activity.[127]\n\n\nSee main article: Stellar mass. One of the most massive stars known is Eta Carinae,[128] which,with 100–150 times as much mass as the Sun, will have a lifespan of only several million years. Studies of the most massive open clusters suggests as a rough upper limit for stars in the current era of the universe.[129] Thisrepresents an empirical value for the theoretical limit on the mass of forming stars due to increasing radiation pressure on the accreting gas cloud. Several stars in the R136 cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud have been measured with larger masses,[130] butit has been determined that they could have been created through the collision and merger of massive stars in close binary systems, sidestepping the 150 limit on massive star formation.[131]\n\nThe first stars to form after the Big Bang may have been larger, up to 300,[132] dueto the complete absence of elements heavier than lithium in their composition. This generation of supermassive population III stars is likely to have existed in the very early universe (i.e., they are observed to have a high redshift), and may have started the production of chemical elements heavier than hydrogen that are needed for the later formation of planets and life. In June 2015, astronomers reported evidence for Population III stars in the Cosmos Redshift 7 galaxy at .[133] [134]\n\nWith a mass only 80 times that of Jupiter, 2MASS J0523-1403 is the smallest known star undergoing nuclear fusion in its core.[135] Forstars with metallicity similar to the Sun, the theoretical minimum mass the star can have and still undergo fusion at the core, is estimated to be about 75 .[136] [137] When the metallicity is very low, the minimum star size seems to be about 8.3% of the solar mass, or about 87 .[138] Smaller bodies called brown dwarfs, occupy a poorly defined grey area between stars and gas giants.\n\n\n\nSee main article: Stellar rotation.\n\nThe rotation rate of stars can be determined through spectroscopic measurement, or more exactly determined by tracking their starspots. Young stars can have a rotation greater than 100 km/s at the equator. The B-class star Achernar, for example, has an equatorial velocity of about 225 km/s or greater, causing its equator to bulge outward and giving it an equatorial diameter that is more than 50% greater than between the poles. This rate of rotation is just below the critical velocity of 300 km/s at which speed the star would break apart.[139] By contrast, the Sun rotates once every 25–35 days depending on latitude,[140] with an equatorial velocity of 1.93 km/s.[141] A main sequence star's magnetic field and the stellar wind serve to slow its rotation by a significant amount as it evolves on the main sequence.[142]\n\nDegenerate stars have contracted into a compact mass, resulting in a rapid rate of rotation. However they have relatively low rates of rotation compared to what would be expected by conservation of angular momentum—the tendency of a rotating body to compensate for a contraction in size by increasing its rate of spin. A large portion of the star's angular momentum is dissipated as a result of mass loss through the stellar wind.[143] In spite of this, the rate of rotation for a pulsar can be very rapid. The pulsar at the heart of the Crab nebula, for example, rotates 30 times per second.[144] The rotation rate of the pulsar will gradually slow due to the emission of radiation.[145]\n\n\nThe surface temperature of a main sequence star is determined by the rate of energy production of its core and by its radius, and is often estimated from the star's color index.[146] The temperature is normally given in terms of an effective temperature, which is the temperature of an idealized black body that radiates its energy at the same luminosity per surface area as the star. The effective temperature is only representative of the surface, as the temperature increases toward the core.[147] The temperature in the core region of a star is several million kelvins.\n\n\n\n\nThe energy produced by stars, a product of nuclear fusion, radiates to space as both electromagnetic radiation and particle radiation. The particle radiation emitted by a star is manifested as the stellar wind,[149] whichstreams from the outer layers as electrically charged protons and alpha and beta particles. A steady stream of almost massless neutrinos emanate directly from the star's core.[150]\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPatches of the star's surface with a lower temperature and luminosity than average are known as starspots. Small, dwarf stars such as our Sun generally have essentially featureless disks with only small starspots. Giant stars have much larger, more obvious starspots,[156] andthey exhibit strong stellar limb darkening. That is, the brightness decreases towards the edge of the stellar disk.[157] Red dwarf flare stars such as UV Ceti may possess prominent starspot features.[158]\n\n\n\nNumber of stars brighter than magnitude!Apparent\nof stars[160]\n\n\n\n\n\n} = \\Delta\n\n\n\nThe most luminous known stars have absolute magnitudes of roughly −12, corresponding to 6 million times the luminosity of the Sun.[164] Theoretically, the least luminous stars are at the lower limit of mass at which stars are capable of supporting nuclear fusion of hydrogen in the core; stars just above this limit have been located in the NGC 6397 cluster. The faintest red dwarfs in the cluster are absolute magnitude 15, while a 17th absolute magnitude white dwarf has been discovered.[165] [166]\n\n\nSee main article: Stellar classification.\n\nSurface temperature ranges for\ndifferent stellar classes[167] ! Class! Temperature! Sample star\nO33,000 K or moreZeta Ophiuchi\nB10,500–30,000 KRigel\nA7,500–10,000 KAltair\nF6,000–7,200 KProcyon A\nG5,500–6,000 KSun\nK4,000–5,250 KEpsilon Indi\nM2,600–3,850 KProxima Centauri\n\n\n\n\n\n\nVariable stars\n\nSee main article: Variable star.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSee main article: Stellar structure.\n\n\n\n\n\nThe occurrence of convection in the outer envelope of a main sequence star depends on the star's mass. Stars with several times the mass of the Sun have a convection zone deep within the interior and a radiative zone in the outer layers. Smaller stars such as the Sun are just the opposite, with the convective zone located in the outer layers.[180] Red dwarf stars with less than 0.4 are convective throughout, which prevents the accumulation of a helium core. For most stars the convective zones will vary over time as the star ages and the constitution of the interior is modified.\n\n\nAbove the level of the photosphere is the stellar atmosphere. In a main sequence star such as the Sun, the lowest level of the atmosphere, just above the photosphere, is the thin chromosphere region, where spicules appear and stellar flares begin. Above this is the transition region, where the temperature rapidly increases within a distance of only 100km (100miles). Beyond this is the corona, a volume of super-heated plasma that can extend outward to several million kilometres.[182] The existence of a corona appears to be dependent on a convective zone in the outer layers of the star. Despite its high temperature, and the corona emits very little light, due to its low gas density. The corona region of the Sun is normally only visible during a solar eclipse.\n\n\nNuclear fusion reaction pathways\n\nSee main article: Stellar nucleosynthesis.\n\nWhen nuclei fuse, the mass of the fused product is less than the mass of the original parts. This lost mass is converted to electromagnetic energy, according to the mass–energy equivalence relationship E = mc2.[184] A variety of nuclear fusion reactions take place in the cores of stars, that depend upon their mass and composition.\n\n\n\n\n2e+ + 2e → 2γ (2 x 1.0 MeV)\n\n\n23He → 4He + 21H (12.9 MeV)\n\nThere are a couple other paths, in which He and He combine to form Be, which eventually (with the addition of another proton) yields two He, a gain of one.\n\nAll these reactions result in the overall reaction:\n\n41H → 4He + 2γ + 2νe (26.7 MeV)\n\n\n\nIn evolved stars with cores at 100 million kelvin and masses between 0.5 and 10, helium can be transformed into carbon in the triple-alpha process that uses the intermediate element beryllium:\n\n4He + 4He + 92 keV → 8*Be\n\n4He + 8*Be + 67 keV → 12*C\n\n12*C → 12C + γ + 7.4 MeV\n\nFor an overall reaction of:\n\n34He → 12C + γ + 7.2 MeV\n\n\nDuration of the main phases of fusion for a star[187]\n(million kelvins)\nBurn duration\n(τ in years)\nH370.00458.1 million\nHe1880.971.2 million\n\nSee also\n\nExternal links\n\nNotes and References\n\n  1. Web site: ster- . Online Etymology Dictionary . 14 July 2021 . live.\n  2. Web site: Ancient Greek Astronomy and Cosmology. The Library of Congress. 2016-05-19.\n  3. Book: Forbes . George . History of Astronomy . Watts & Co. . London . 1909 . 978-1-153-62774-0.\n  4. Web site: Tøndering . Claus . Other ancient calendars . WebExhibits . 2006-12-10.\n  5. von Spaeth . Ove . Dating the Oldest Egyptian Star Map . . 2000 . 42 . 3 . 159–179 . 2007-10-21 . 10.1034/j.1600-0498.2000.420301.x. 2000Cent...42..159V.\n  6. Book: North, John . 1995 . The Norton History of Astronomy and Cosmology . registration . New York and London . 30–31 . W.W. Norton & Company . 978-0-393-03656-5.\n  7. Book: Murdin, P. . 2000 . Aristillus (c. 200 BC) . 10.1888/0333750888/3440 . Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics . 2000eaa..bookE3440. . 978-0-333-75088-9.\n  8. Book: Grasshoff, Gerd . 1990 . The history of Ptolemy's star catalogue . Springer . 1–5 . 978-0-387-97181-0.\n  9. Web site: Antonios D. . Pinotsis . Astronomy in Ancient Rhodes . Section of Astrophysics, Astronomy and Mechanics, Department of Physics, University of Athens . 2009-06-02.\n  10. Clark . D. H. . Stephenson . F. R. . The Historical Supernovae . Supernovae: A survey of current research; Proceedings of the Advanced Study Institute . 355–370 . Dordrecht, D. Reidel Publishing Co . 1981-06-29 . Cambridge, UK . 1982ASIC...90..355C.\n  11. Zhao . Fu-Yuan . Strom . R. G. . Jiang . Shi-Yang . The Guest Star of AD185 Must Have Been a Supernova . Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics . 2006 . 6 . 5 . 635–640 . 10.1088/1009-9271/6/5/17 . 2006ChJAA...6..635Z.\n  12. Web site: 2003-03-05 . Astronomers Peg Brightness of History's Brightest Star . NAOA News . 2006-06-08.\n  13. Web site: Frommert . Hartmut . Kronberg . Christine . 2006-08-30 . SEDS . University of Arizona . Supernova 1054 – Creation of the Crab Nebula .\n  14. Duyvendak . J. J. L. . Further Data Bearing on the Identification of the Crab Nebula with the Supernova of 1054 A.D. Part I. The Ancient Oriental Chronicles . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 54 . 318 . 91–94 . April 1942 . 1942PASP...54...91D . 10.1086/125409. free.\n    Mayall . N. U. . Oort . Jan Hendrik . Further Data Bearing on the Identification of the Crab Nebula with the Supernova of 1054 A.D. Part II. The Astronomical Aspects . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 54 . 318 . 95–104 . April 1942 . 1942PASP...54...95M . 10.1086/125410. free .\n  15. 1 . Brecher . K. . Fesen . R. A. . Maran . S. P. . Brandt . J. C. . 1983 . Ancient records and the Crab Nebula supernova . The Observatory . 103 . 106–113 . 1983Obs...103..106B.\n  16. Kennedy . Edward S. . 1962 . Review: The Observatory in Islam and Its Place in the General History of the Observatory by Aydin Sayili . . 53 . 2 . 237–239 . 10.1086/349558.\n  17. Book: Jones , Kenneth Glyn . Messier's nebulae and star clusters . . 1991 . 978-0-521-37079-0 . 1.\n  18. Web site: Zahoor . A. . 1997 . Al-Biruni . . 2008-06-26 . Hasanuddin University . 2007-10-21.\n  19. Encyclopedia: Josep Puig . Montada . Ibn Bajja . . 2007-09-28 . 2008-07-11.\n  20. Web site: Drake . Stephen A. . 2006-08-17 . A Brief History of High-Energy (X-ray & Gamma-Ray) Astronomy . NASA HEASARC . 2006-08-24.\n  21. Web site: Peter . Greskovic . Peter . Rudy . 2006-07-24 . Exoplanets . ESO . 2012-06-15.\n  22. The impact of the Qur'anic conception of astronomical phenomena on Islamic civilization . I. A. . Ahmad . Vistas in Astronomy . 39 . 4 . 1995 . 395–403 [402] . 10.1016/0083-6656(95)00033-X . 1995VA.....39..395A.\n  23. Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi on Physics and the Nature of the Physical World: A Preliminary Survey. Adi. Setia. Islam & Science. 2. 2004. 2.\n  24. Hoskin . Michael . 1998 . The Value of Archives in Writing the History of Astronomy . Library and Information Services in Astronomy III . 153 . 207 . 2006-08-24. 1998ASPC..153..207H .\n  25. Proctor . Richard A. . Are any of the nebulæ star-systems? . Nature . 1870 . 331–333 . 13 . 10.1038/001331a0 . 1 . 1870Natur...1..331P. free.\n  26. Book: Frank Northen Magill. Magill's Survey of Science: A-Cherenkov detectors. 1992. Salem Press. 978-0-89356-619-7. 219.\n  27. Web site: MacDonnell . Joseph . Angelo Secchi, S.J. (1818–1878) the Father of Astrophysics . . 2011-07-21 . . 2006-10-02.\n  28. Book: Ivan Hubeny. Dimitri Mihalas. Theory of Stellar Atmospheres: An Introduction to Astrophysical Non-equilibrium Quantitative Spectroscopic Analysis. 26 October 2014. Princeton University Press. 978-0-691-16329-1. 23.\n  29. Book: Aitken, Robert G. . The Binary Stars . 66 . Dover Publications Inc. . New York . 1964 . 978-0-486-61102-0.\n  30. Michelson . A. A. . Pease . F. G. . Measurement of the diameter of Alpha Orionis with the interferometer . 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Information Bulletin on Variable Stars . 1971 . 520 . 1–3 . 1971IBVS..520....1C.\n  159. Book: J. L. Lawrence. Celestial Calculations: A Gentle Introduction to Computational Astronomy. 2019-05-14. MIT Press. 978-0-262-53663-9. 252.\n  160. Web site: Magnitude . . 2008-02-06 . National Solar Observatory – Sacramento Peak . 2006-08-23.\n  161. Web site: Luminosity of Stars . Australian Telescope Outreach and Education . 2006-08-13 . dead . . 2014-08-09 .\n  162. Book: Iain Nicolson. Unfolding Our Universe. 1999-10-28. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-59270-3. 134.\n  163. Book: Astounding Science Fact & Fiction. 1960. Street & Smith. 7.\n  164. Bestenlehner . Joachim M . Crowther . Paul A . Caballero-Nieves . Saida M . Schneider . Fabian R N . Simón-Díaz . Sergio . Brands . Sarah A . de Koter . Alex . Gräfener . Götz . Herrero . Artemio . Langer . Norbert . Lennon . Daniel J . Maíz Apellániz . Jesus . Puls . Joachim . Vink . Jorick S . The R136 star cluster dissected with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS – II. Physical properties of the most massive stars in R136 . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 2020-10-17 . 499 . 2 . 1918–1936 . 10.1093/mnras/staa2801 . 2009.05136.\n  165. Web site: August 17, 2006 . Faintest Stars in Globular Cluster NGC 6397 . HubbleSite . 2006-06-08.\n  166. Richer . H. B. . Probing the Faintest Stars in a Globular Star Cluster . Science . 18 August 2006 . 313 . 5789 . 936–940 . 10.1126/science.1130691. 16917054 . astro-ph/0702209 . 2006Sci...313..936R . 27339792 .\n  167. Web site: Smith . Gene . 1999-04-16 . Stellar Spectra . University of California, San Diego . 2006-10-12.\n  168. Fowler . A. . The Draper Catalogue of Stellar Spectra . Nature . April 1891 . 45 . 1166 . 427–428 . 10.1038/045427a0 . 1892Natur..45..427F. free .\n  169. Book: Carlos . Jaschek . Jaschek . Mercedes . 1990 . The Classification of Stars . Cambridge University Press . 31–48 . 978-0-521-38996-9.\n  170. Web site: Alan M . MacRobert . The Spectral Types of Stars . Sky and Telescope . 2006-07-19.\n  171. Book: Erika Rix. Kim Hay. Sally Russell. Richard Handy. Solar Sketching: A Comprehensive Guide to Drawing the Sun. 2015-09-09. Springer. 978-1-4939-2901-6. 43.\n  172. Web site: White Dwarf (wd) Stars . . 2009-10-08 . White Dwarf Research Corporation . 2006-07-19.\n  173. Web site: Types of Variable . 2010-05-11 . AAVSO . 2010-08-20.\n  174. Web site: 2004-11-01 . Cataclysmic Variables . NASA Goddard Space Flight Center . 2006-06-08.\n  175. 2009yCat....102025S. VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007–2013). VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. etal. Samus. N. N.. Durlevich. O. V.. 2009.\n  176. Book: Hansen . Carl J. . Kawaler . Steven D. . Trimble . Virginia . 32–33 . Stellar Interiors . Springer . 2004 . 978-0-387-20089-7.\n  177. 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How the Sun Shines . Nobel Foundation . 2006-08-30.\n  185. Web site: 2005-02-16 . Main Sequence Stars . The Astrophysics Spectator . 2006-10-10.\n  186. 1 . Wallerstein . G. . Iben Jr. . I. . Parker . P. . Boesgaard . A. M. . Hale . G. M. . Champagne . A. E. . Barnes . C. A. . KM-dppeler . F. . Smith . V. V. . Hoffman . R. D. . Timmes . F. X. . Sneden . C. . Boyd . R. N. . Meyer . B. S. . Lambert . D. L. . Synthesis of the elements in stars: forty years of progress . Reviews of Modern Physics . 1999 . 69 . 4 . 995–1084 . 2006-08-04 . 10.1103/RevModPhys.69.995 . 1997RvMP...69..995W. 2152/61093 . free .\n  187. Woosley . S. E. . Heger . A. . Weaver . T. A. . The evolution and explosion of massive stars . Reviews of Modern Physics . 2002 . 74 . 4 . 1015–1071 . 2002RvMP...74.1015W . 10.1103/RevModPhys.74.1015.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9993205666542053}
+{"content": "Feet To Meters\n\n2500 ft to m\n2500 Foot to Meters\n\n2500 Foot to Meter converter\n\n\nHow to convert 2500 foot to meters?\n\n2500 ft *0.3048 m= 762.0 m\n1 ft\nA common question is How many foot in 2500 meter? And the answer is 8202.09973753 ft in 2500 m. Likewise the question how many meter in 2500 foot has the answer of 762.0 m in 2500 ft.\n\nHow much are 2500 feet in meters?\n\n2500 feet equal 762.0 meters (2500ft = 762.0m). Converting 2500 ft to m is easy. Simply use our calculator above, or apply the formula to change the length 2500 ft to m.\n\nConvert 2500 ft to common lengths\n\nUnitUnit of length\nNanometer7.62e+11 nm\nMicrometer762000000.0 µm\nMillimeter762000.0 mm\nCentimeter76200.0 cm\nInch30000.0 in\nFoot2500.0 ft\nYard833.333333333 yd\nMeter762.0 m\nKilometer0.762 km\nMile0.4734848485 mi\nNautical mile0.4114470842 nmi\n\nWhat is 2500 feet in m?\n\nTo convert 2500 ft to m multiply the length in feet by 0.3048. The 2500 ft in m formula is [m] = 2500 * 0.3048. Thus, for 2500 feet in meter we get 762.0 m.\n\n2500 Foot Conversion Table\n\n2500 Foot Table\n\nFurther feet to meters calculations\n\nAlternative spelling\n\n2500 ft in Meters, 2500 ft in Meter, 2500 Foot in m, 2500 Feet to m, 2500 Foot to Meters, 2500 Foot in Meters, 2500 Feet to Meters,\n\nFurther Languages", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000073909759521}
+{"content": "DIY this pretty flower mirror for all the spring vibes\n\n\nOne of the best parts of spring is seeing all the gorg flowers popping up. From daffodils to roses to lillies, they make the world *so* much prettier. Now you can bring those beautiful blossoms into your room with this DIY flower mirror. Perfect to hang over your makeup vanity!\n\nYou'll need:\n- Mirror (the original uses a 14 inch round mirror but you can use any size and shape)\n- Floral wire\n- Floral tape\n- Scissors\n- 2 inch binder clips\n- Your favorite flowers (the original uses real flowers but we are doing this with fake ones so it lasts)\n\n1.  Trace the outline of your mirror with the wire and secure the ends so it's one loop.\n2. Begin grouping the flowers together (remember to cut off the stems) and taping together. Then, tape each bundle to the wire outline. \n3. Repeat until the entire frame is filled with flowers to your liking.\n4. Attach the wire frame to the actual mirror using your binder clips. They'll be hidden by the flowers and will keep everything snug and in place. Use as many as necessary. Hang your mirror and enjoy! \n\nWhat's your favorite flower? Let us know in the comments! \n\nTutorial credit: Paper & Stitch.\n\n\nby Amanda Tarlton | 4/7/2019", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9791294932365417}
+{"content": "Opening statement by Amb. (Dr) Amina Mohamed CBS, CAV, Cabinet Secretary for foreign affairs and International trade of the Republic of Kenya during the regional ministerial consultation on land and property rights of IDPs and refugees from the ICGLR MS\n\nHits: 7449\n\nHonorable Ministers,\n\nThe Executive Secretary of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR), Prof. Ntumba Luaba,\n\nExecutive Director of UN habitat, Dr. Joan Clos\n\nUN Special Envoy to the Great Lakes Region, Mr. Said Djinnit,\n\nMembers of the Diplomatic Corps,\n\nNational Coordinators, \n\n\nDistinguished Guests,\n\nLadies and Gentlemen,\n\nIt’s my great pleasure to welcome you to Nairobi and to this important meeting and hope that so far you have enjoyed your stay.  I thank the organizers for choosing Kenya as the venue for this important meeting. I also wish to thank un-habitat for their continued support not only to the organization of this meeting but also to other projects and programs of the ICGLR.\n\nThe issue of return of refugees and IDPs to their original homes, if not properly managed may re-ignite local conflicts over land and other resources and lead to a never ending cycle of crisis and displacement. The protocol on the property rights of returnees offers a key guide for member states to ensure that refugees and internally displaced persons, upon return to their areas of origin, recover their property and get legal remedies for loss or destruction of their property. This is a prerequisite for refugees to feel safe and confident to return home and rebuild their lives.\n\nLadies and Gentlemen,\n\nThis meeting comes at a time when the issue of refugees and IDPs have become topical in Kenya and the region. As you may be aware, in addition to IPDs, the conflict in our region has also produced millions of refugees. Refugees have benefitted from unrestricted access to the territories of those countries. This displaced population outside their country encounter harsh environmental challenges in the new areas of settlement that include drought, floods and diseases.\n\nKenya hosts the biggest refugees population in Dadaab and Kakuma camp with more than half a million people. A whole generation of young people has grown to adulthood in these refugee camps due to the conflict situation in their countries and knows no other home.\n\nDistinguished Guests,\n\nLadies and Gentlemen,\n\nDespite the foregoing acts of generosity, the consequences of hosting large number of refugees have been severe to the governments and the host community. the sudden large influx of refugees exerts new pressure to the environment that could further weaken the livelihood base and social safety net of the host communities. further, the refugees not only impact on economy but also compete for resources with host communities.\n\nIn particular, Kenya has borne a huge economic, social and environmental burden of hosting such a large number of refugees for a long time. Further, some undesirable elements have taken advantage of the congestion and desperation in the refugee camps to organize and perpetrate terrorist attacks in the country.\n\nThe government of Kenya remains committed to its international obligations to offer refuge to those who face danger and persecution in their countries. However there is need to ensure that refugees who want to return to their countries once the security situation has improved are accorded the necessary support to settle and live normal lives again. Countries recovering from conflict situations should therefore make deliberate efforts to encourage and facilitate their nationals living outside the country to return home and contribute to national development.\n\nI believe that this meeting’s deliberations and outcome will act as an impetus for member states to rededicate themselves to the full implementation of the protocols on the property rights of refugees and internally displaced persons and create conducive environment for them to return to their home countries when their safety and subsistence are guaranteed.\n\nThere is also need for countries whose nationals are hosted in other member countries to initiate conversations on the modalities and timing for the return of such refugees.  To this end, I am pleased to inform that Kenya, Somalia and UNHCR have already signed a tripartite agreement and launched tripartite commission to govern the voluntary repatriation of Somali refugees living in Kenya. It’s my sincere hope that the process will immensely help the refugees return to their normal lives.  \n\nLadies and Gentlemen,\n\nOf equal importance is the need to ensure that the emergence of violent conflict which leads to an increase in the number of refugees and internally displaced persons in member states is prevented. I urge member states to work together to address emerging threats such as youth radicalization and terrorism to ensure that they don’t lead to mass displacement of persons. Clearly, the cost of hosting, resettling and re-integrating refugees is extremely high compared with the cost of preventing their displacement in the first place.    \n\nAs I conclude, Ladies and Gentlemen, I wish to invite you to take time off your busy schedule to visit and enjoy the beautiful tourism attractions and the hospitality of the people of Kenya before returning to your countries.\n\nFinally, I wish you fruitful deliberations and hope that the outcome of this meeting will go a long way in improving the policy framework in member states for the re-integration of returning refugees and internally displaced persons.\n\nThank you\n\nDownload speech here", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7827249765396118}
+{"content": "how do humans influence the carbon cycle\n\n\nHow Do Humans Influence The Carbon Cycle?\n\nHuman activities have a tremendous impact on the carbon cycle. Burning fossil fuels, changing land use, and using limestone to make concrete all transfer significant quantities of carbon into the atmosphere.Feb 1, 2019\n\nWhat are 5 ways humans impact the carbon cycle?\n\nBurning of Fossil Fuels\n\nThe primary industrial activities that emit carbon dioxide and affect the carbon cycle are petroleum refining, paper, food and mineral production, mining and the production of chemicals.\n\nWhat is the most impactful way humans influence the carbon cycle?\n\nHowever, these flows are now strongly influenced by human activity. The most important human impact on the carbon cycle is the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere and enhances global warming.\n\nSee also  describe how density affects the flow of deep currents\n\nHow have humans interrupt the carbon cycle?\n\n\nWhat impact do humans have on the carbon cycle quizlet?\n\nHow do Humans affect the carbon cycle? Humans affect the carbon cycle by burning fossil fuels and cutting down trees. Car exhausts and factory emissions produce a lot of extra CO2 in the atmosphere! Cars made today produce less pollution, but there are more cars = more CO2 emissions!\n\nWhat are three ways in which humans affect the carbon cycle?\n\nHumans can intervene and affect the carbon cycle in three ways: the excessive burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and carbon sequestration.\n\nWhat human activities have thrown the carbon cycle off balance?\n\nFor most of human history, carbon has been in a more or less steady cycle. This cycle has been thrown off balance as people burn fossil fuels – carbon that has been long buried underground as oil, gas and coal – and as forests are cleared and soils are turned for agriculture.\n\nHow do humans affect the cycles?\n\nHuman activities have mobilized Earth elements and accelerated their cycles – for example, more than doubling the amount of reactive nitrogen that has been added to the biosphere since pre-industrial times. … Global carbon dioxide emissions are the most significant driver of human-caused climate change.\n\nHow do human activities affect the hydrological cycle?\n\nHuman activities can influence the hydrologic cycle in many other ways. The volumes and timing of river flows can be greatly affected by channeling to decrease the impediments to flow, and by changing the character of the watershed by paving, compacting soils, and altering the nature of the vegetation.\n\nWhat is one negative effect of human influence on cycles of matter?\n\nDue deforestation there are less number of tress which results in less amount of oxygen being released in the atmosphere hence more carbon dioxide in the environment contributes to the climate change. Carbon dioxide is the principal greenhouse gas that insulates the earth so more Carbon dioxide means a warmer earth.\n\nHow do humans affect the carbon and nitrogen cycles?\n\nHuman activities are substantially modifying the global carbon and nitrogen cycles. The global carbon cycle is being modified principally by the burning of fossil fuels, and also by deforestation; these activities are increasing the carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere and changing global climate.\n\nHow do humans affect the amount of carbon dioxide in the environment?\n\n\nWhat human activities increase carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?\n\nHuman activities such as the burning of oil, coal and gas, as well as deforestation are the primary cause of the increased carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere.\n\nWhat are two ways that humans affect the carbon cycle?\n\nChanges to the carbon cycle\n\nSee also  What Happens To Sediment Over Time?\n\n\nWhich part of the cycle is influenced by humans?\n\nHuman activity such as the burning of fossil fuels has an effect on the overall increase of the Earth’s temperature. Raising the Earth’s temperature means that there is an increase of evaporation, melting of land and sea ice, and impacts on other processes of the water cycle that adversely affect the climate on Earth.\n\nHow do humans positively impact the nitrogen cycle?\n\nThe burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil releases previously fixed nitrogen from long-term stor- age in geological formations back to the atmosphere in the form of nitrogen-based trace gases such as nitric oxide. High-temperature combustion also fixes a small amount of atmospheric nitrogen directly.\n\nWhat are the human activities that affect the atmosphere?\n\n\nHow do human behaviors affect the process of photosynthesis on our planet Earth?\n\nHumans can also affect the water needed for photosynthesis by pollution through chemicals, factory emmissions, dumping, etc.\n\nHow does farming affect the carbon cycle?\n\nLand-use changes relating to agriculture have a far more significant impact on carbon cycling. … Likewise, maintaining and increasing plant biomass contributes to carbon sequestration and reduces the concentration of CO2, so forestry and the management of woodland also impact on the amount of GHGs in our atmosphere.\n\nWhat is the effect of human activity on the amount of carbon stored in sinks?\n\nHowever, the carbon cycle is changing because of human activity. People are releasing more carbon into the atmosphere by using fossil fuels and maintaining large livestock operations. Deforestation is depleting Earth’s supply of carbon sinks. As a result, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere is rising.\n\nWhat are the major human impacts on the carbon phosphorus and nitrogen cycles?\n\nHumans have changed the natural carbon cycle by burning fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. … The nitrogen cycle begins with nitrogen gas in the atmosphere then goes through nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to plants, animals, decomposers, and into the soil.\n\nHow does human activities affect the water quality and quantity?\n\nHuman activities change land use and land cover, which changes the water balance and usually changes the relative importance of processes that control water quality. Furthermore, most human activities generate waste ranging from gases to concentrated radioactive wastes.\n\nHow do humans affect the transfer and distribution of water resources?\n\nHumans alter the water cycle by constructing dams and through water withdrawals. Climate change is expected to additionally affect water supply and demand. … However, in some river basins, impacts of human interventions are significant.\n\nHow can humans reduce the impact of the water cycle?\n\nConserving water, reducing car travel and other reasons for using gasoline, planting with organic gardening materials and not using traditional fertilizers, properly disposing of pharmaceuticals and finding alternatives to harsh soaps and detergents are all ways of decreasing the amount of pollution that ends up in our …\n\nWhich statement best describes a human influence on the biogeochemical cycles?\n\nAnswer: A) Increased eutrophication caused by high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. Explanation: The balanced recycling of ‘inorganic matter’ between organisms and their environment to sustain equilibrium is known as biogeochemical cycle.\n\nWhat process adds carbon dioxide to the air?\n\nCarbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere naturally by respiration (animals breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide), decay, and volcanoes. Combustion of fossil fuels, a human activity also adds CO2 to the atmosphere.\n\nSee also  how to measure air speed\n\nWhy is the carbon cycle important to plants?\n\nThe carbon cycle is important to plants because plants use carbon dioxide to create food through the process of photosynthesis.\n\nWhich human activity would most likely decrease the amount of carbon in the atmosphere?\n\nAnswer: it is burning wood.\n\nHow has human activity altered the carbon cycle the phosphorus cycle the nitrogen cycle What environmental problems have arisen from these changes?\n\nTo what environmental problems have the changes given rise. We effect the carbon cycle by burning fossil fuels and burning trees. We effect the phosphorus cycle by mining. We effect the nitrogen cycle by fertilizers & burning forests & fossil fuels.\n\nHow are humans affected by the greenhouse effect?\n\n\nHow humans disrupted a cycle essential to all life\n\nThe Carbon Cycle Process\n\nRelated Searches\n\nhow can human impacts on the carbon cycle be prevented\nhow does burning fossil fuels affect the carbon cycle\nhuman impact on carbon cycle pdf\nhow does deforestation affect the carbon cycle\nhow do humans affect the nitrogen cycle\ncarbon cycle steps\nhumans and the carbon cycle\nwhy is the carbon cycle important\n\nSee more articles in category: FAQ\nBack to top button", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5617810487747192}
+{"content": "Innovazione Quotidiana\n\nFor this cover, I thought of several things and put them together: the tool with which we do innovation materially is the hand (also symbolically) and the medium is the mind. But showing a hand wouldn't have meant much. That's why I remembered the matrix games where you had to line up the numbers and I thought of breaking down the hand which is then reassembled by the brain, which always recognizes it (by seeing its parts). In this way you get a freer graphic in which, however, it is always possible to recompose the original shape, using the brain.\n\nThis podcast is by Massimiliano Dona and Matteo Grandi.\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9982545375823975}
+{"content": "How do we come to be sure of our beliefs\n\npewny siebie\npewny siebie\n\nPublished: 10-11-2021\n\nImagine having to guess what is governing the sequence of numbers: “2,4,6”. To guess the rule, you can tell other strings of numbers and ask if the strings match the rule. The task is apparently very simple … “10,12,14?” – yes, it complies with this rule. “106,108,110?” – yes, this sequence also complies with this rule. So there is no need to wonder – the correct answer is “even numbers increasing by two”. And here’s the surprise… the answer is wrong.\n\nSuch a study was conducted by Wason in 1960 (as cited in: Lewicka, 2001). Most of the participants in his study did not guess the rule because right away, before asking the first question, they thought that the sequence was governed by the rule of “even numbers increasing by two” and then asked questions that could only confirm their belief. They used confirmatory strategy for testing hypothesis. So they didn’t actually verify it, they only confirmed it. It would be better if they asked for a sequence of numbers that, according to their original hypothesis, does not conform to the rule, such as “1,3,5”. Then they would also get the answer that the sequence fits the rule and after the next questions they could come up with the correct answer, that is “every sequence of ascending numbers”. The rule was much broader than they assumed, and such sequences as “20,21,100”, “32.33.34” or “½, 8, 9 ¾” also fit it … but they had no way of reaching such a conclusion by asking the questions they were asking.\n\nIn everyday life, this is also how we come to be sure of our beliefs very often. Instead of verifying our previous assumptions, we only look for data that can confirm them and we do not notice other data or we think that they are not worth your interest for some reason. This can be seen, for example, in people who believe in horoscopes. They do not notice situations in their environment that could contradict what they read in the horoscope. Like the participants in the Wason study, they look only for confirmation. It is very easy to find confirmation of such general statements as: “private matters will become important today” or “the day brings with it many favorable changes and situations”. A lot of situations can be applied to the slogan “favorable changes and situations”: the bus has changed its route and you will now commute to school or work faster; the boy you like invited you for coffee; a local shop lowered the price of your favorite cookies … But since there were also unfavorable changes on the same day, for example your favorite yogurt went up, you might not notice it anymore … Moreover, people who read horoscopes do not take into account that the statements about personality traits they contain are very general and may apply to many people, not only to themselves. For example, “you are characterized by extremely strong will and great stubbornness in achieving your goals” or “you do not care about fame or promotions, but you like to be appreciated by your boss, even in words”. Who doesn’t like to be appreciated by the boss? And a strong will? It’s nothing unusual, many people have it. In psychology, this phenomenon of assigning very general statements to oneself is called the “Barnum Effect“, from the circus performer who claimed that he owes his successes to the slogan “something that suits everyone.”\n\nThe Barnum effect is not only visible with horoscopes. There are studies that show that the Adult Children of Alcoholics syndrome is actually just the Barnum Effect. People who grew up in a family where at least one of their parents was an alcoholic, according to the information on the ACoA syndrome (Lilienfeld et al. 2011), are often characterized by low self-esteem, a sense of shame or guilt, and a tendency to take too much responsibility for others, and in turn, sometimes they do not feel responsible, they have too high a need for approval, an excessively developed sense of loyalty, a feeling of helplessness and difficulty controlling reflexes. Logue, Sher, and Frensch (1992) conducted a study in which people who had at least one alcoholic parent and those who did not have one were to respond to different statements. Some of these statements were among those allegedly referring to the ACoA (e.g. “In times of crisis you tend to take care of others”, “You are sensitive to the difficulties of others”) and some were generalities not related to ACoA (e.g. “You have a superb sense of humor”,”You are not disturbed by variety and change and see them as challenges.”). Of course, the subjects were not told which features describe ACoA and which do not. It turned out that in fact many people who grew up in a family with alcoholism identified themselves with the statements describing the Adult Children of Alcoholics syndrome. However, they also identified themselves with statements that do not describe this syndrome. Likewise, people who did not grow up in a home with alcoholism identified themselves with both the statements describing the ACoA and those that did not describe the syndrome. There were no differences between the two groups of people. The prevalence of the ACoA syndrome is probably due to the fact that the features that supposedly describe a typical adult child of an alcoholic are generalities that can be easily attributed to each other. A person who has some problems in his/her life and looks for the cause of these problems, and at the same time had an alcoholic parentage, when reads such characteristics, often finds that most of them fit him/her. He/she is then relieved because finally has “found out” why he/she is not doing well – all because he/she is an Adult Child of the Alcoholic. In reality, however, his/her problems may arise for a completely different reason, not related to childhood at all.\n\nThe use of a confirmatory strategy of testing hypotheses was also noticed in boxing judges. An analysis of 126 boxing fights from the Polish Championships in 1986 and a study in which the judges were shown a video of the fight and the order of the rounds shown was mixed, showed that the judges in their ratings of the entire fight to a large extent relied on who won the first round. On the basis of who performed better in the first round, they hypothesized that this player was better, and in the following rounds they assessed both players biased. The fighter who won the first round had a better chance of winning the entire fight, and likewise, which of them won the second and third rounds depended on which of them won the previous round (Tyszka, Wielochowski, 1991).\n\nOnce we come to a belief, it is difficult to change it. We reject information that does not match our views because we dislike changing our opinions. In one study (Kofta, Doliński, 1997 as cited in: Tyszka, 1999) a story was presented about a doctor who misdiagnosed a patient, as a result of which the patient died. Then the subjects were informed about the circumstances of the story. They found out, among other things, that the doctor on duty was very tired because he had been working all day the previous day, and had to work because the hospital did not have enough doctors. One group of respondents read about the circumstances justifying the doctor immediately after reading about his mistake, while the other group after a five-minute break. People in the group who read about the circumstances that caused the fatal error only after the break, assigned the doctor greater responsibility for his act, gave a higher mark of the moral blameworthiness of his mistake, and postulated a higher penalty than those in the first group. They assessed the doctor very negatively already before the break and the mention of extenuating circumstances only later did not change their opinion.\n\nInformation that is contrary to our views may, in certain situations, even confirm our beliefs. Such a phenomenon was observed in a study of supporters and opponents of the death penalty (Lord, Ross, Lepper, 1979). All participants in this study were given two texts to read. One of them argued that the death penalty was effective in deterring potential criminals, while the other argued against it. Both texts were based on reliable sources and written in a scientific style. If people were rational in forming their opinions, they would conclude from both texts that the issue of the death penalty is very complex and that it is difficult to say unequivocally whether it deters potential murderers or not. However, it happened otherwise. Both supporters and opponents of the death penalty paid attention only to the text that was consistent with their beliefs. Supporters believed that only the text that argued that it discourages committing serious crimes is credible, and in the second they found some minor errors, methodological flaws and believed that it was not credible, and so were the opponents of the death penalty – only the text saying that it was not a disincentive to committing serious crimes was worth taking into account for them. As a result, supporters of the death penalty became convinced that it was right, and opponents that it was wrong.\n\nIn 2004, before the presidential elections in the United States, a neurobiological study was conducted in supporters of George W. Bush and John F. Kerry (Westen et al., 2006). The Republicans and Democrats interviewed listened to different information about both candidates, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measured the activity of different areas of their brains. They found that when they listened to information that was inconsistent with their beliefs, their brain areas responsible for cool rational reasoning were almost inactive. So it’s no wonder that people often stick to their beliefs so hard and it’s so hard to change their opinion. It is difficult to rationally process conflicting information if the brain regions responsible for rational thinking are inactive …\n\n\n  1. Lewicka, M. (2001). Czy jesteśmy racjonalni? w: M. Kofta i T. Szustrowa (red.) Złudzenia, które pozwalają żyć. Warszawa: PWN.\n  2. Lilienfeld, S. O., Lynn, S. J., Ruscio, J. I Beyerstein, B. L. (2011). Istnieje syndrom DDA (Dorosłego Dziecka Alkoholika). W: 50 wielkich mitów psychologii popularnej (s. 310-313). Warszawa – Stare Groszki: Wydawnictwo CiS.\n  3. Logue, M. B., Sher, K. J., Frensch, P. A. (1992). Purported characteristics of adult children of alcoholics: A possible „Barnum effect”. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 23, 226-232.\n  4. Lord, C. G., Ross, L., Lepper, M. R. (1979). Biased assimilation and attitude polarization: The effects of prior theories on subsequently considered evidence. Journal od Personality and Social Psychology, 37(11), 2098-2109.\n  5. Tyszka, T. (1999). Psychologiczne pułapki oceniania i podejmowania decyzji. Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.\n  6. Tyszka, T., Wielochowski, M. (1991). Must boxing verdicts be biased? Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 4, 283-295.\n  7. Westen, D., Blagov, P. S., Harenski, K., Kilts, C. i Hamann, S. (2006). Neural bases of motivated reasoning: An fMRI study of emotional constraints on partisan political judgment in the 2004 U.S. presidential election. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18(11), 1947-1958.\n\nAuthor: Maja Kochanowska\n\nPostaw mi kawę na\n\nAdd comment\n\nTime limit is exhausted. Please reload CAPTCHA.\n\nNewest comments", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5637803673744202}
+{"content": "Skip to main content\n\nSYNAPLUS: The accelerator for data science and AI projects\n\nArtificial intelligence has taken on an immeasurable importance in our daily lives. We are at the beginning of its rise. It allows many tech companies to optimize, predict and target with greater precision. Interview with Charles-Antoine Giuliani, founder of Synaplus solutions.\n\n\nWhat is Synaplus? What is its history and purpose?\n\nSynaplus is an AI deeptech that I founded in 2014. Synaplus' goal is to democratize and accelerate AI and data science projects. We enable customers to predict, detect, optimize or prioritize business actions thanks to AI (i.e. predicting that a prospect may become a customer or detecting fraud).\n\nAfter 7 years of R&D, we have developed a software (COsMO Engine) that automates the entire data science pipeline: it allows to perform an AI project about 10 times faster than with current tools, without having to program and especially without needing any other tool. All you need is data (file, database) and computing power (a Linux server) to get a result.\n\nWe joined the X-Tech gas pedal at the beginning of May 2021 in order to prepare our development on a European and then global scale with our technology.\n\n    The most important thing to move forward is to challenge yourself and have confidence. Charles-Antoine Giuliani, founder of Synaplus.\n\nWhat type of technology do you use on a daily basis?\n\nWe use C++ and Python mainly for the calculation engines and web technologies (html/javascript) for the user interface (GUI) of COsMO Engine.\n\nMore structurally, the solution is organized in micro-services and driven by an AI.\n\nTell us about your background and that of your partners. How did you meet?\n\nAfter graduating from X (X/Ponts 94), and before founding Synaplus, I worked at the Treasury, the World Bank and the Energy Regulatory Commission.\n\nThe board is very experienced with the presence of Michel Bastide as a CEO (more than 30 years of experience in the creation and the development of engineering companies) and of Lionel D'Aauriac as CFO (more than 20 years in consulting and financial and accounting expertise). Our R&D team is made up of very sharp engineers who all have double degrees in computer science and AI.\n\nI met Michel in early 2017 when he was in the process of selling his engineering company to a group that was hosting Synaplus as part of the Réseau Entreprendre. We quickly realized that we shared the same values as well as a strong attraction for technology and innovation. He joined us in early 2018, first as an Advisor and then as CEO, six months later. Michel and Lionel worked for over 10 years together and Lionel was a natural fit to complete the techno-commercial-financial balance we needed to move forward.\n\nWhat are your expectations/feedback on your recent integration to X tech?\n\nWe have several expectations. One is the possibility of finding new talents and cooperation in R&D in the research ecosystem installed on Saclay. We will be organizing several sessions to present our work to raise awareness and train students and researchers on campus about our project approach and COsMO Engine.  \n\nThe other expectation is to prepare and train ourselves for a first fundraising: this will involve an increase in skills (training, feedback, etc.) and contacts (Venture Capital, etc.)\n\n\nToday, there are many incubators, why did you choose the one at Ecole Polytechnique?\n\nWe have already been in different incubators during the R&D phase. To prepare for an acceleration like we are planning, we need an ecosystem capable of understanding our technological value (at a very high level of research because we consider our technology higher than our best competitors in China or the USA) to give us credibility. On a more personal note, coming back after so many years on campus allows me to reconnect with new generations and try to transmit my passion for AI and technology.  \n\n\nIn the current context with the downturn in business due to the pandemic, how have you adapted your offering?\n\nCovid affected our customers directly and delayed most of the projects we were working on by 6 months. We were fortunate to be considered as a partner rather than a supplier by these customers, who maintained their investments and their confidence during this period. We spent these 6 months strengthening our R&D with the arrival of 2 new engineers.    \n\nWhat are your next steps? Do you plan to develop other projects in the near future?\n\nWe arrive as a disruptive solution on a market where the first 5 solutions are made in the USA and are all valued between 1 and 50 billion dollars. Our ambition is to be one of the European leaders in AI with a global vocation.  All our current efforts are focused on preparing for this conquest. The next major step will be to raise funds in 2022 to support this conquest.\n\nWhat would you say to project leaders like you for the future?\n\nAt the end of the day, I would tell them exactly the same thing we tell our clients when they are confronted with AI projects: test and learn. As an entrepreneur, whatever your background and experience, you learn by walking. Objectively, it's not a path of rose petals, you make mistakes, you constantly adjust.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.955863893032074}
+{"content": "Home :: Biographies\n\n\nBiographies can be an extremely useful tool in understanding more about a spirit or entity companion.  Just as your entire life cannot be summed up in a paragraph, spirits & entities give a glimpse into the basics of their lives and into their connection with you.  Biographies are intended to be a snapshot of how a spirit companion feels about their own lifetimes, their new journey with you, their likes & dislikes, and days they wish recognized in relation to their life.\n\nIn terms of likes & dislikes, this can be things they liked or disliked when they were living, or something they have come to appreciate since they have transitioned into spirit form.  It can also be something they like or dislike since they have come to spend time with you.  For this reason their likes & dislikes may change with time the same way you have gone through countless likes & dislikes in your lifetime.\n\nFew beings, outside of humans, celebrate their day of birth as a holiday.  Therefore, \"birthdays\" provided by spirits or entities may be the actual day they were born (in relation to the current human calendar), they may be the day they transitioned from living being into spirit form, or they may represent a day that is important to them for another reason.  With this in mind, spirits or entities may produce more than one celebratory day in a single reading or over multiple readings.\n\nInformation they convey to you may be about their personalities, their current status & mood in being part of your spirit family, or in the participation of being part of your journey.  Their current status may also include messages related to current events in your life, past events, or even future events.  Spirits or entities may convey their thoughts and ideas related to your specific relationship with them or with your relationship with your entire spirit/entity family.  They may also provide information that is relevant to their lifetime in connection with your life; drawing similarities.\n\nBiographies can yield a great amount of information, and if you have multiple biographies performed for the same spirit or entity, the information that is provided is the current thoughts, ideas, impressions, feedback, and shares that your spirit or entity wants you to know. \n\nSpirit Biographies\n\nLiving Entity Biographies", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9495672583580017}
+{"content": "Chapter 2: Achieving a Healthy Diet\n\n2.4 National Goals for Nutrition and Health: Healthy People 2030\n\nVideo Link: Healthy People 2030\n\nEvery ten years, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has used public health data to establish a set of objectives and tools aimed towards improving the health and well-being of all Americans. Healthy People 2030, launched in 2020, is the fifth iteration of this program and has been updated to include new health concerns, such as vaping and Covid-19.\n\nSimilar to the Dietary Guidelines, the Healthy People program has been established to promote longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death. The stated mission of Healthy People 2030 is “to promote, strengthen, and evaluate the nation’s efforts to improve the health and well-being of all people.”  The goals of the program are based on the following foundational principles:[1]\n\n  • The health and well-being of all people and communities is essential to a thriving, equitable society.\n  • Promoting health and well-being and preventing disease are linked efforts that encompass physical, mental, and social health dimensions.\n  • Investing to achieve the full potential for health and well-being for all provides valuable benefits to society.\n  • Healthy physical, social, and economic environments strengthen the potential to achieve health and well-being.\n  • Promoting and achieving health and well-being nationwide is a shared responsibility that is distributed across the national, state, tribal, and community levels, including the public, private, and not-for-profit sectors.\n\nThe Healthy People program takes into consideration the circumstances in which people are born, live, work, and age. It also reflects the conditions that shape their circumstances such as money, power, and resources at the local, national, and global levels. Social determinants of health are primarily accountable for the lack of fair health opportunities and the unjust differences in health status that exist within and between countries.[2]  The social determinants of health included in Healthy People 2030 include: economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context.  To learn more about these social determinants of health, visit the following website: or view the “Determinants of Health” video link below.\n\nHelping People Make Healthy Choices\n\nIt is not just ourselves, the food industry, and federal government that shape our choices of food and physical activity, but also our sex, genetics, disabilities, income, religion, culture, education, lifestyle, age, and environment. All of these factors must be addressed by organizations and individuals that seek to make changes in dietary habits. The socioeconomic model incorporates all of these factors and is used by health-promoting organizations, such as the USDA and the HHS to determine multiple avenues through which to promote healthy eating patterns, to increase levels of physical activity, and to reduce the risk of chronic disease for all Americans. Lower economic prosperity influences diet specifically by lowering food quality, decreasing food choices, and decreasing access to enough food. As a result of the 2008 financial crisis in America the number of people who struggle to have enough to eat was rising and approaching fifty million. In response to these numbers, then-USDA Secretary Tom Vilsack said, “These numbers are a wake-up call…for us to get very serious about food security and hunger, about nutrition and food safety in this country.”[3]\n\n\nGoals for Nutrition and Weight Status\n\nWhile Healthy People 2030 has many goals and objectives, we are going to focus on the two goals related to nutrition and weight status. They are to promote health and reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases by encouraging Americans to consume healthful diets and to achieve and maintain healthy body weights. Specific objectives of Healthy People 2030 are based on solid scientific research into what behaviors and programs improve individual health and well-being.  Emphasis is on modifying individual behavior patterns and habits, and having policies and environments that will support these behaviors in various settings, such as schools, work, and local community-based organizations.\n\nFigure 2.42 One of the ways that Healthy People 2030 strives to promote good health and nutrition is by bringing together multiple agencies and groups dedicated to achieving the Healthy People 2030 nationwide objectives. ©Shutterstock\n\nHealthy People 2030 has defined the following broad, overarching goals:[4]\n\n  • Attain healthy, thriving lives and well-being free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.\n  • Promote healthy development, healthy behaviors, and well-being across all life stages.\n\nThe program has identified the following key nutrition-related recommendations:\n\n  • Limit caloric intake to meet caloric needs.[5]\n\nTools for Change\n\n\nBenefits of Following the Healthy People 2020 Goals\n\n\nFigure 2.44 Following the Dietary Guidelines will promote nutrition, weight loss, and weight maintenance as well as the reduction of chronic disease. © Networkgraphics\n\n\nObjectives Related to the Healthy People 2030 Goals\n\nSome of the objectives related to nutrition include: reducing food insecurity; increasing consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains; and decreasing consumption of saturated fats and added sugars.  Other objectives focus on specific micronutrients, such as increasing potassium and vitamin D consumption, decreasing sodium consumption, and reducing iron deficiency. Healthy People 2030 also focuses on preventing diseases related to nutrition and obesity, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. If you’d like to explore the other goals and objectives of this program, you can go to the following website:\n\n\n  • Improve health, fitness, and quality of life through daily physical activity.[7] The Healthy People 2030 objectives for physical activity are based on the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, and reflect the strong scientific evidence supporting the benefits of physical activity. More than 80 percent of the current US population, from youth to adults, is not meeting these guidelines. Healthy People 2030 aims to increase the number of people of all ages who do both aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity. Other specific objectives include increasing the use of walking or bikes to get places, increasing participation in sports, and decreasing screen time for children and adolescents. The program also aims to increase institutional support for physical activity by increasing physical activity in child care centers, physical education in schools, and increase offerings of employee physical activity programs at workplaces. Understanding that personal, social, economic, and environmental barriers to physical activity all have a part in determining a population’s physical activity level, is an important part of being able to provide interventions that foster physical activity. Consistent physical activity is necessary for preventing chronic disease, improving bone health, decreasing body fat, and preventing an early death.\n  • Improve health by promoting healthy eating and making nutritious foods available.[8] Improving healthy eating includes ensuring that everyone has access to healthy foods and that people make healthy choices for what they eat. Healthy People 2030 defines food insecurity as “the disruption of food intake or eating patterns because of lack of money and other resources.”[9] Approximately 11 percent of households in the U.S. were food insecure in 2018.[10] Healthy People 2030 aims to reduce food insecurity, with a particular emphasis on children. Part of the plan for improving access to food includes increasing participation in school breakfast and summer food service programs. Specific objectives related to making healthy food choices include increasing consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains; and decreasing consumption of saturated fats and added sugars.  Other objectives focus on specific micronutrients, such as increasing consumption of potassium, calcium, and vitamin D; decreasing sodium consumption; and reducing iron deficiency. Healthy People also aims to increase breastfeeding of infants, reduce the availability of unhealthy foods and drinks in schools, and increase the number of employee nutrition programs offered at worksites.\n  • Reduce overweight and obesity by helping people eat healthy and get physical activity.[11] In addition to the physical activity and healthy eating objectives discussed above, one of the goals of Healthy People 2030 is to reduce obesity in children, adolescents, and adults. The program aims to increase the proportion of individuals who are at a healthy weight before becoming pregnant, to reduce negative outcomes associated with being overweight or underweight during pregnancy. Healthy People 2030 also focuses on preventing diseases related to nutrition and obesity, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.\n\nIf you would like to look through all objectives related to Healthy People 2030, including those that are not directly related to nutrition, go to the website: You can read through objectives related to specific health concerns, populations, settings, and social determinants of health.\n\n  1. US Department of Health and Human Services. \"Healthy People 2030 Framework.\"\n  2. World Health Organization. “Social Determinants of Health.” © 2012.\n  5. US Department of Health and Human Services. “Nutrition and Weight Status.” Last updated May 1, 2012.\n\n\nIcon for the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License\n\nPrinciples of Human Nutrition by Sarah Cabbage and Surya Tewari is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7603167295455933}
+{"content": "Mathematics - Signals and Systems - Exercises on Linear Feedback Systems\n\nin StemSocial2 months ago\n\n\n\nHey it's a me again @drifter1!\n\nToday we continue with my mathematics series about Signals and Systems to get into Exercises on Linear Feedback Systems.\n\nSo, without further ado, let's dive straight into it!\n\nLinear Feedback System Response Examples (Based on 25.4 from Ref1)\n\nConsider simple feedback systems in continuous- and discrete-time respectively, as shown in the figure below.\n\nLet's determine the closed loop system impulse response, v(t), for the continuous-time system, and system function, V(z), for the discrete-time system, in each of the following cases:\n\n\nFor both systems, the closed loop system function can be defined as:\n\n\nFor the first case, the system function is:\n\nThus, from the Laplace Transform tables:\n\n\nIn the second case, we have:\n\nWhich, using the Laplace Transform tables and linearity property, yields the impulse response:\n\n\nThe third case and final case is for the discrete-time system. The closed loop system function is as follows:\n\nIn the Z-Transform the calculations tend to become quite tedious,\nand coming up with examples that simplify is also quite difficult.\nSo, let's just leave it there...\n\nLinear Feedback System Stability Example (Based on 25.6 from Ref1)\n\nLet's consider the causal discrete-time shown below.\n\n  • a. Proof that the system is not stable\n  • b. Suppose that there's feedback with one unit of delay, which means that the input is now given by:\n\n    where xe[n] is now the input to the overall system.\n    Determine the range of values of K (if such values exist) for which the system is stable.\n\n\n\nIn order to prove that the system is not stable, we have to proof that at least one pole is at |z| > 1. So, let's first find the system function that describes the system.\n\nAs a difference equation the system can be written as:\n\nTaking the Z Transform of the equation yields:\n\nThe solutions of the denominator are the poles of the system. So, the poles of the system are located at:\n\nSince |z1| = 2 > 1, the system is unstable.\n\n\nIntroducing feedback of one unit of delay, the difference equation changes into:\n\nTaking the Z Transform yields the system function:\n\nThe poles are now located at:\n\nFor z = 1 we can find the range of K\n\nThe root term inside the square root is always positive, thus the roots are purely real. So, squaring both sides of the equation gives us the solution(s):\n\nHeading back, z is now:\n\nSo, the |z| < 1 condition is not satisfied. Thus, the system is not stable.\n\nYou could keep going with two, three etc. units of delays as homework, until the system becomes stable!\n\n\n\n  1. Alan Oppenheim. RES.6-007 Signals and Systems. Spring 2011. Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT OpenCourseWare, License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA.\n\n\n\nMathematical equations used in this article were made using quicklatex.\n\nBlock diagrams and other visualizations were made using\n\nPrevious articles of the series\n\n\nLTI Systems and Convolution\n\nFourier Series and Transform\n\nFiltering, Sampling, Modulation, Interpolation\n\nLaplace and Z Transforms\n\n  • Laplace Transform → Laplace Transform, Region of Convergence (ROC)\n  • Laplace Transform Properties → Linearity, Time- and Frequency-Shifting, Time-Scaling, Complex Conjugation, Multiplication and Convolution, Differentation in Time- and Frequency-Domain, Integration in Time-Domain, Initial and Final Value Theorems\n  • LTI System Analysis using Laplace Transform → System Properties (Causality, Stability) and ROC, LCCDE Representation and Laplace Transform, First-Order and Second-Order System Analysis\n  • Exercises on the Laplace Transform → Laplace Transform and ROC Examples, LTI System Analysis Example\n  • Z Transform → Z Transform, Region of Convergence (ROC), Inverse Z Transform\n  • Z Transform Properties → Linearity, Time-Shifting, Time-Scaling, Time-Reversal, z-Domain Scaling, Conjugation, Convolution, Differentation in the z-Domain, Initial and Final value Theorems\n  • LTI System Analysis using Z Transform → System Properties (Causality, Stability), LCCDE Representation and Z Transform\n  • Exercises on the Z Transform → Z Transform and ROC Examples, ROC from Conditions, LTI System Analysis Example\n  • Continuous-Time to Discrete-Time Design Mapping → Discrete-Time System Design Techniques (Mapping from Derivatives to Differences, Mapping using Impulse Invariance), First- and Second-Order Systems and Z-Transform\n  • Butterworth Filters → Butterworth Filter Parameters, Equation and Pole-Zero Plot, Mapping using Impulse-Invariance and Bilinear Transformation\n  • Linear Feedback Systems → System Feedback, Linear Feedback System Analysis\n\nFinal words | Next up\n\nThis might actually be the end of the series, I'm not sure if there's much more to cover...\n\nAlso, this kind of posting has become quite boring and repetitive, so I'm looking for ways to spice things up. Maybe more coding, maybe more actual examples and exercises in these types of subjects (which are more on the theoretical side of things)...we shall see! But, you can be certain that the diversity of content will be enhanced thoroughly, because of the introduction of videos and maybe even streaming.\n\nNo more Mr. Text-guy!\n\nKeep on drifting!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9034557342529297}
+{"content": "Cleaning Guide\n\nCleaning And Hygiene Tips To Help Keep The Coronavirus Out Of Your Home 1024 683 Sydon\n\n\nCan you catch the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from food? How should I do laundry now? Mundane household tasks have turned into a source of uncertainty and anxiety as families grapple with getting the basics done all while keeping their loved ones safe and healthy. Widespread misinformation about the virus puts everyone at risk and adds to the stress of having to filter fact from fiction.\n\nWhile research into the COVID-19 virus is ongoing, we know the virus is transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets of an infected person (through coughing and sneezing), and touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. The virus may survive on surfaces for a few hours up to several days. The good news? Simple disinfectants can kill it. Now, what does this mean for your home?\n\nTo give parents a helping hand, we compiled the latest expert information on what is known about COVID-19 and tips to help keep it out of your home.\n\nPersonal hygiene\n\nSimple hygiene measures can help protect your family’s health and everyone else’s.\n\nDon’t touch your face\n\nAvoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth.\n\nDon’t cough or sneeze into your hands\n\n\nKeep your distance\n\n\nWash, wash, wash your hands\n\nYes, you’re hearing it everywhere, because it’s the best line of defense. Wash hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20-30 seconds.\n\nAn easy way to time it with your children is by singing the full happy birthday song, twice.\n\nMake sure to wash hands after you blow your nose, sneeze into a tissue, use the restroom, when you leave, and return to your home, before preparing or eating food, applying make-up, handling contact lenses, etc.\n\nIf using a hand sanitizer ensure that it contains at least 60 percent alcohol, ensure coverage on all parts of the hands, and rub hands together for 20-30 seconds until hands feel dry. If hands are visibly dirty, always wash hands with soap and water.\n\nDid you know? Coldwater and warm water are equally effective at killing germs and viruses as long as you use soap and wash your hands the right way!\n\nCleaning around the home\n\nCleaning and disinfecting high-touch surfaces in your home regularly is an important precaution to lower the risk of infection.\n\n\n1. Basic Protective Measures Against Coronavirus\n\n2. Does your office fulfill the correct Occupational Hygiene Service requirements?\n\n\nSome national authorities have made lists of recommended products for use against the COVID-19 virus.\n\nHigh-touch surfaces to clean and disinfect\n\nEvery home is different, but common high-touch surfaces include Door handles, tables, chairs, handrails, kitchen and bathroom surfaces, taps, toilets, light switches, mobile phones, computers, tablets, keyboards, remote controls, game controllers and favorite toys.\n\nWhat to use to clean and disinfect\n\nIf a surface is dirty, first clean it with soap or detergent and water. Then use a disinfectant product containing alcohol (of around 70 percent) or bleach. Vinegar and other natural products are not recommended.\n\nIn many places, it can be difficult to find disinfectant sprays and wipes. In such cases, continue to clean with soap and water. Diluted household bleach solutions may also be used on some surfaces.\n\nHow to disinfect\n\n\nMaking Sure Your Office is Safe 540 281 Sydon\n\nMaking Sure Your Office is Safe\n\nAre the air conditioning settings a war within your office environment? This article will help give an insight into the advantages of having air conditioning and will provide ammunition to individuals when fighting that war.\n\nThe Importance of Air Conditioning\n\nAir conditioning helps to circulate and filter air, by removing pollutants and mold from the atmosphere. This will have a positive effect on allergy and asthma sufferers, who will be able to breathe easier whilst at the office. This only applies if the filters are kept clean and regular maintenance is carried out. A good air conditioning unit will help fight parasites and insects by catching them in the filters, acting like a desirable spider’s web.\n\nREAD ALSO: How Often Should I Clean My Refrigerator? And How To DO It\n\nAir conditioning can help aid workplace efficiency by creating a comfortable air temperature for all employees in the office. This assists in concentration and reduces complaints from co-workers about being too hot. One thing that will not usually be considered when researching the advantages of air conditioning is that it encourages better security. How many times do office windows get left open accidentally at the end of the day? Air conditioning will negate the need for open windows and will therefore reduce the chance of opportunists breaking into your office.\n\nA workplace that is too hot will leave employees feeling uncomfortable and irritable. Air conditioning can help alleviate these tensions at work, leading to a more enjoyable and productive working environment.\n\nREAD ALSO: Why You Should Hire A Professional Cleaning Contractor\n\nAir conditioning can dramatically change the working environment. However, the units will only reach their full potential if the filters are cleaned or replaced regularly. A clean air conditioning unit will increase in energy efficiency by 5% – 15%.\n\nA company like Sydon Cleaning Services can help increase the energy efficiency of your air conditioning units to enhance your overall office space.\n\nReason Why You Need To Clean Your Oven Regularly 940 480 Sydon\n\nReason Why You Need To Clean Your Oven Regularly\n\nCleaning of ovens seem to be a hated duty by many people, but everyone must keep their ovens in immaculate condition, whether they are of commercial or domestics use. This is vital not only from a health and hygiene perspective, but also to ensure the safety of the equipment. read more\n\nHow Often Should I Clean My Refrigerator? And How to Do it! 650 403 Sydon\n\n\nHow long has it been since you cleaned your fridge? You can wait several months between deep-cleanings if you take a few simple steps to maintain a passable fridge for that long. Here’s how to clean the refrigerator and how often you should do it.\n\nHow Often Should I Clean My Fridge?\n\nNever let your refrigerator reach a dismal state! Just stick to our recommended fridge cleaning schedule to keep your refrigerator looking good and smelling fresh.\n\n\nMake it a habit to rinse off jam jars, salsa containers, ketchup bottles, and other items that tend to get grimy on the outside. This, in turn, helps keep your refrigerator clean. Also, wipe up spills right when they happen to prevent sticky spots from forming.\n\nOnce a Week\n\nScan the contents of the fridge and remove any old food on the verge of rotting. Is the milk a few days past its date? Are expired yogurt containers hiding in the back? Toss them before they start stinking up your fridge.\n\nREAD ALSO: Reason Why You Need To Clean Your Oven Regularly\n\nEvery 2 Months\n\nLeaving an open box of baking soda in the refrigerator is an effective, affordable method for absorbing odors. Write the date on the box, and stick it in an inconspicuous corner. Remember to check the date periodically—the odor-absorbing capabilities of baking soda diminish after about two months, so that’s how often you should replace it.\n\nEvery 3 to 4 Months\n\nWhen the time comes to deep-clean the refrigerator, follow these steps to ensure you don’t miss anything important:\n\n  • Empty the fridge of all its contents and purge anything old or that you’ll never use.\n  • Take the crisper and meat drawers out.\n  • Wipe down the shelves and interior walls of the fridge with a cloth dipped in warm soapy water.\n  • Wash the drawers in the sink with warm water and dish soap.\n  • Wipe everything down with a clean, damp rag to remove any lingering soap residue.\n  • Dry all washed surfaces with a clean cloth and put everything back inside the fridge.\n  • Remember to set a freshly opened box of baking soda on one of the shelves to keep those smells at bay!\n  • Close the door, and wipe down the outside of the refrigerator with a soapy cloth. If you have a stainless steel appliance, remove fingerprints and grime with store-bought stainless steel spray.\n\nREAD ALSO: How To Clean A leather Sofa\n\nEvery 6 Months\n\nBreak out the vacuum cleaner and brush attachment twice a year to clean dust and hair from the grille at the bottom of the fridge. This improves airflow to the condenser to boost refrigerator efficiency by about 3 to 5 percent.\n\nRequest Household Cleaning Services from Sydon\n\nNo one likes cleaning out the fridge, but it’s an important part of keeping your kitchen hygienic. It also gives you a chance to look for common refrigerator issues so you can call us to fix your fridge before your food rots or energy bills go through the roof.\n\nIf you need help with cleaning your appliances, cupboards, countertops, floors, or any other parts of your kitchen, turn to the licensed, experienced housekeepers at Sydon. We have years of experience helping busy homeowners like you keep their houses tidy. Contact us via our contact page or simply call us at (254) 740-362-323 to request a free in-home or office estimate for house cleaning services near you.\n\nRead about FAQ\n\n\nWhy You Should Hire A Professional Cleaning Contractor 800 534 Sydon\n\nWhy You Should Hire A Professional Cleaning Contractor\n\nWe all know that first impressions count. For many of us, we like to present ourselves in the best possible way and ensure we look smart, tidy and professional. So why should it be any different for your company? read more\n\nHow to Clean a Leather Sofa 970 566 Sydon\n\nHow to Clean a Leather Sofa\n\nLeather sofas bring a certain elegance to a room. They are comfortable luxuries that can last a lifetime if treated properly. Although leather couches can be horrendously expensive, their longevity far outweighs the cost. So, to get the most out of your sofa, you will have to learn how to look after it. read more\n\nDoes your office fulfill the correct Occupational Hygiene Service requirements? 1024 684 Livingstone Were\n\nDoes your office fulfill the correct Occupational Hygiene Service requirements?\n\nDoes your office fulfill the correct Occupational Hygiene Service requirements?\n\nHazardous Biological Agents\n\nThe Occupational Health and Safety Act serves to protect employees and employers from various dangers that can occur in the workplace, including compliance with correct hygiene services standards. The Act that is most important in an office environment and serves to be the base of  hygiene services standards is the Regulations for Hazardous Biological Agents OHSAct (2007), which refers to any micro-organism, cell culture or human endoparasite which may cause any infection, allergy or toxicity or otherwise create a hazard to human health.\n\nread more\n\nPerfect Way of Cleaning Your Kitchen 800 400 Sydon\n\nPerfect Way of Cleaning Your Kitchen\n\nWelcome to Sydon Cleaning. Find out the perfect way of cleaning your kitchen\n\n    Join our Newsletter\n\n    We'll send you newsletters with news, cleaning and hygiene tips & tricks. No spam from us.\n\n      Get offers & articles right in your inbox\n      Join 15K subscribers", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6386078000068665}
+{"content": "How to use an oscilloscope?\n\nby Matthew Mills | Last Updated: February 10, 2021\nHow to use an oscilloscope?\n\nOscilloscopes are considered one of the top tools for any tester or electronics engineer. An oscilloscope is electric test equipment that will allow you to see waveforms and check whether there is any problem in an electronic circuit. But how to use an oscilloscope?\n\nSince they offer a wide range of benefits, oscilloscopes have become important pieces of test equipment for area testing electronic hardware or electronics laboratory; whether within the repair, service, electronic manufacturing, general electronics circuit design, or anywhere that waveforms and electronic circuits on them that needs to be investigated.\n\nThis piece of equipment allows you to measure electronic signals and can be found in a lot of scientific laboratories. The device has been used to observe and study varying-signal voltages on a 2-D (two-dimensional) grid that represents time.\n\nWhen you connect the oscilloscope to a power source, the device will show the corresponding real-time waveform instantly. While oscilloscopes are mostly used in the fields of engineering and science, they often have been used in other fields like medicine and telecommunication as well.\n\nHow to use an oscilloscope?\n\nWhatever type of oscilloscope you use (analog or digital), there are some basic controls that remain the same. Some of these controls include:\n\nHow to use an oscilloscope?\n  • You will see at least one input where the coaxial cable, or the oscilloscope probe, can be attached. However, you have to ensure that you have one of these cables.\n  • There will be a screen with a grid overlay, which is quite useful when you want to make the measurements using the scope.\n  • Volts/Div control will allow you to change the number of volts is being represented by each grid overlay’s vertical increment on the screen. In short, you will be able to zoom in and out along the y-axis.\n  • Time/Div is the control that will allow you to change how much time is represented by each increment on the horizontal axis of the grid overlay on the LCD. This means that you will be able to zoom in and out along the x-axis.\n  • Vertical position/Offsets will help you move up and down the y-axis.\n  • The horizontal position/Offset will help you move from left to right.\n  • A trigger level is a tool that will help in the stabilization of the waveform on the screen.\n\nSetting up the device\n\nWhen you turn on your oscilloscope and see a flat line, it means that nothing is connected to the oscilloscope; this is identified when the input’s voltage value does not change over time. If you see a line that is not flat, you can try to disconnect the probe. If you see a blank screen, you can try out any of the following:\n\nIf your oscilloscope has a dual-channel scope, it means that it has two inputs. You first need to press on ‘Channel 1’, which will change the color of the screen to yellow; pressing the same button again will cause the screen to go blank again.\n\nIf you press on ‘Channel 2’, the color of the screen will turn blue; alternatively, it is also possible that your oscilloscope may only have a single input or more than two. Analog scopes will not denote separate channels in different colors; it will only be shown in green.\n\nIf you get zoomed in on the blank spaces, you can try rotating counter-clockwise the Volts/Div knob to zoom out. Additionally, you can also try to turn the vertical position control until the line in the center of your screen is flat.\n\n1.Connecting to the oscillating signal\n\nTo get to this step, you will have to have a steady signal with a constant frequency. You can even use a waveform generator (if you have one) and set it on a pulse of 2.5V amplitude at 500Hz. In case you do not have a waveform generator, you can use the following alternative:\n\nArduino: If you are equipped with an Arduino, you can simply load the code below it. Once done, the device will start generating a square wave between 0 and 5V at 500Hz.\n\nHow to use an oscilloscope? - Arduino\n\n2.Setting the trigger\n\nAfter you connect the signal, you will see a flat line turning into some kind of waveform. Next, you need to adjust and turn the Time/Div so that you can see the separation between each oscillation. Next, you need to change the vertical position and Volts/Div so that you can see the oscillations within the screen. If not, you can rotate the trigger level dial and wait for it to happen.\n\nAlternatively, if your oscilloscope has more than a single channel, you can set the trigger to match the requirement of any channel.\n\nWhen you turn the trigger level dial, you should notice that the trigger level indicator will start moving upwards and downwards. When this indicator exceeds a certain height of the waveform, the signal will start to become unstable.\n\nThis trigger level is basically a voltage level that your oscilloscope will compare the incoming signals with. Since triggering is a bit complex, most people tend to make use of external sources of the trigger to specify special trigger modes.\n\nHow does an oscilloscope work?\n\nA traditional oscilloscope works in the same function as a cathode-ray tube television. In fact, these devices are also known as cathode-ray oscilloscopes.\n\nWhen it comes to a television, the electron beams are scanned repeatedly across the screen, which is sprayed with special chemicals known as phosphors. This means that each time the beam hits the screen, it will light up the phosphors. This takes place a thousand times within a second, which is why you will see a moving picture, instead of a still one.\n\nIn an oscilloscope device, the electron beams will work in the exact same way; however, the device will draw a graph instead of building a picture. On the screen, you will see a line is being drawn on the screen; in reality, you are actually looking at a wobbling electron beam that is bumping up and down.\n\nYou need to remember that the electrical signals are fed into the X- and Y-axes to provide you with the appropriate values on your screen.\n\nOscilloscope Screen\n\nOscilloscope Screen\n\n  1. Waveform baseline icon. Shows the zero volt level of the waveform.\n  2. Channel indicator.\n  3. Channel scale factor.\n  4. Time per division.\n  5. Trigger slope.\n  6. Date and time.\n  7. Trigger level icon.\n  8. Visual representation of waveform.\n\nSo, the next question here is how does the oscilloscope draw the trace? You need to imagine that you are an oscilloscope and holding a pencil at point zero on a graph paper. Now, think that your hands are tied to two electric motors – one hand on the X-axis and the other on the Y-axis. These motors are then connected to electronic circuitry that will sample different kinds of samples.\n\nFor instance, you can imagine that the X-circuit is connected to an electric quartz clock. When the clock ticks, it will forward a signal to the X-motor so that your right hand will move slightly. After a few seconds, your right hand will move along the horizontal line.\n\nNow, let us consider that you connect the Y-circuit to a heartbeat-detection instrument. If you connect the X- and Y-circuits at the same time, your hand will start moving across the page; however, it will jump up vertically for every heartbeat. This will give you a classic heartbeat trace that you see in the hospitals.\n\nNow, you need to replace the graph paper and a pencil with a screen and an electron beam. Now, you will understand exactly how a typical oscilloscope draws the trace. Each time a signal goes through the Y-circuit, the electron beam will jump. During this time, the trace will keep moving from left to right on the X-axis (horizontal line).\n\nHow to read oscilloscope?\n\nHow to use an oscilloscope?\n\nThe signals in an oscilloscope are sampled as they change over time and then plotted on a display. The signal’s amplitude is plotted on the Y-axis (vertical) and the time on the X-axis (horizontal). In the case of modern electric oscilloscopes, the changes in the signal can occur within any time-space, ranging from a billionth of a second or as long as a few hours.\n\nIf you want to understand how to analyze waveform traces, you need to take a closer look at the four distinct characteristics of a waveform:\n\nThere are some common types of waveforms like:\n\n  • Non-symmetrical\n\nCommonly, repetitive waveforms need to be symmetrical. If you print, cut, and paste the traces one upon another, both sides need to be identical. The difference between the two waveforms could indicate a potential problem.\n\n  • Rise and fall\n\nThis pattern is very common in pulses and square waves. This type of waveform can affect the effectiveness of the digital circuit’s timing. If you want to see an edge with a greater resolution, you may have to decrease the time per division.\n\n  • Horizontal cursers\n\nYou need to ensure that the level is within the limits of the circuit’s operating specifications. You also need to check for consistency from a one-time point to another. You will have to keep a close look at this waveform for some time to check on any changes in the amplitude.\n\n  • DC/Amplitude offsets\n\nThis type of waveform will determine the location of the ground reference marker. You can evaluate any DC offset and check whether it fluctuates or remains stable.\n\n  • Period time changes/wave shape\n\nCircuits, like oscillators, will produce waveforms within constant repeating periods. If you want to spot any consistencies, you will have to check each time period using cursers.\n\n  • Random noise/Glitches or transients\n\nWhen you derive waveforms like switches and transistors from active devices, anomalies, it can result in various phenomena like bad contacts, propagation delays, and timing errors.\n\nHow to use an oscilloscope to measure voltage?\n\nIt is very easy to measure the voltage with the help of an oscilloscope. All you need to do is follow the steps mentioned below:\n\nHow to use an oscilloscope to measure voltage?\nHow to use an oscilloscope to measure voltage?\n\nHow to calculate the frequency from an oscilloscope?\n\nMeasuring the frequency and time on an oscilloscope is very easy. When you are taking a frequency measurement, you need to do so with utmost accuracy; additionally, it will only help to increase the display of the oscilloscope, as you will be able to translate the waveform more easily.\n\nFirst, you have to measure the time on the oscilloscope’s horizontal scale, as well as count the total horizontal divisions from one wave end to another.\n\nNext, all you have to do is multiply the total number of horizontal divisions by the division/time to find the period of the signal. Then, you can perform the calculation to determine the frequency – dividing it by the period.\n\nHow to use an oscilloscope to measure voltage?\n\nHow to use an oscilloscope – FinalWord\n\nDid you like our How to use an oscilloscope post? Don’t forget to comment and ask question if any left!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7989827394485474}
+{"content": "Tehran 2010 Agreement Overshadows Perspective of Almaty 2 Meeting\n\nFormer negotiators hail Vienna nuclear deal\n\nKaraj, August 5, IRNA – Two former members of Iran’s nuclear negotiating team have hailed the nuclear agreement reached with P5+1 group of world powers in Vienna last July.\n\nSirus Naseri and Mohammad Saeidi told a local meeting on Tuesday that performance of their successors in the last two years was historic and exceptional.\n‘Without doubt, it was a historic agreement as 5+1 also suggested. It was more historic for Iran because it was unprecedented that a significant issue was faced with intensive talks and that negotiators’ efforts resulted in a successful and dignified output,’ Naseri said.\nSaying that certain people inside the country attempted to depict the deal as bitter and defeated, he added, ‘Their claimes are either based on ill-will or ignorance.’\nNaseri said Iran forced the opposite parties in the negotiations and took them to the point that the subject of disupte be finalized in Iran’s interests. ‘It has been unprecedented in the history a major country such as US accepting enrichment program of a country which is not following it. This is surprising.’\nSaeidi, too, said that the Vienna agreement was unprecented in Iran���s ties with Western countries in the past 100 years, and that in the post-Islamic Revolution Iran, Western powers were never willing to sit at the negotiations table with Iran.\n‘Power can force Western countries to negotiate. Since Islamic Republic of Iran attained very appropriate technologies, they had to sit at the negotiations table at the rank of high-ranking officials for serious and long discussions.’\nHe said Iranian negotiators sat at the table with determination and logical approach and created the hope from the first round of talks that a deal can be reached in 2015.\nSaeidi said success before five major countries that have veto power should not be neglected and added, Iran managed to convince the other party over continued activity of its centrifuges and the right of research and development.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6468267440795898}
+{"content": "We Are Responsible For Our Own Education\n\nDon’t hold your breath waiting for politicians to do what’s right.\n\nI no longer have faith in the American system. It is not as if I had a lot of confidence in the first place. It’s just that I thought Martin Luther King’s words were valid, “…the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends towards justice.” As African Americans, we have fought long and hard just to be treated as humans. It has been a very long and slow grind, and you will not have any trouble meeting people that feel this bending towards justice is too slow. Meanwhile, we’ve had laws and court decisions that helped the arc bend on its journey towards justice.\n\nSince 2008, I have witnessed an evolutionary change in America that seems to be a bit unsettling. That is the year we elected a Black president, and that is about the time when America started to show parts of itself that I never thought that I would have seen. Racism in all forms is back in a big way. At least, that may be what a majority of the people think. I think racism, even at the level it is now, has never left us. One of our major political parties seems to be hellbent on returning to the good old days. When they say the good old days, they are not considering what they want to return to. The vast majority of African Americans lacked fundamental rights such as jobs, housing, and healthcare. Oppressors do not consider the violence and degradation that African Americans endured during that time. It was a time when simply driving across the country was a risky decision. Yet, they seem to go back to a time when my parents and grandparents were not allowed to vote. They are reaching for a nostalgic, utopian America that does not represent reality very well. If American democracy is destroyed while they make their way back in time, well, that is the cost of staying in power.\n\nEven with that bleak outlook, I don’t think democracy, as we know it, will be destroyed. But it is definitely in a really bloody fight. A considerable part of this battle takes place in education. This battle can be won. It will take the work of everyone who believes the truth is essential. Conservatives, or to be more clear, the far-right, think critical race theory is the beginning of the end of American society. Every time we put a number or phrase to our own social and political thought, the other side uses those words against us. Case in point: As soon as I heard those words, I thought it was the dumbest slogan that an idiot could ever come up with. It is still being used as a weapon against liberals and the democratic party.\n\nAs Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, the UCLA law professor who coined the term critical race theory, has said,\n\nCrenshaw also stated that news outlets covered CRT because the right-wingers had banded together and used their money and power to made it a focus. So, what the hell is ? According to the New York Times:\n\nWe now have a huge problem that is just another topic that will have us killing each other, and it goes along the lines of issues like abortion, voting rights, and face masks. I will not get in the weeds by talking about the views of both sides of this issue. It is not very complicated. Suppose there was no philosophy called critical race theory. In that case, the people looking for topics that divide and country would have found something else to distort to their followers and continue to throw wood in the fire of racial strife.\n\nIn a local meeting with the school board in Colorado Springs, I stood up and said, let’s not call it critical race theory. Let’s call it American history. I went further by pointing out that American history consists of redlining, lynching, environmental rape, voter suppression, slavery, and I could go on, but I don’t need to. If those things that have actually happened and still are happening, does not match their views on what America is, that does not mean they should suppress it from being taught. On the one hand, they tell us that they had nothing to do with slavery; that was their ancestors. And on the other hand, they tell us that critical race theory makes them look bad.\n\nThis is a fight that may go on for a while. However, that does not mean we can’t take matters into our own hands and resist this march towards whitewashing history by taking out all of the bad parts the oppressive right-wing thinks are offensive to them. We have a responsibility to our children to make sure they know their history, not flooded in sentimentality and fake patriotism. And while we are looking under the hood of education, it has to be also pointed out that other issues were going on long before the pandemic and CRT, which must also be addressed.\n\nWe need to take each of our holidays more seriously. Holidays such as the 4th of July, Labor Day, Juneteenth, and veteran’s day should be a sad reminder of the work done and the work yet to be done as we continue our journey towards justice. The holidays are hidden behind barbeques, picnics, and online sales. It is not only crucial for me to believe positive change can be made; this belief has to be backed up by action. This belief is what motivates me. From this point on, I will work to ensure that holidays are not for leisurely activities but are also a solemn reminder of why we are celebrating in the first place. Community forums and activities should be organized around activities that promote history and awareness and should lead to action in any small or large form. Without the action behind these activities, there is no point or meaning to our celebrations.\n\nSome may think that calling the republican party oppressors is too strong a term. But that term fits perfectly, especially when they are using everything in their power to suppress votes. When I think of an oppressor, I do not think of hate groups and white supremacists; instead, I think of the power structure. The MAGA crowd does not concern me. They may not think of it this way, but they are pawns in this struggle. The people in power are the ones that I am more concerned with. I am speaking about the people who make laws and legislation designed to keep a minority controlling the majority. The lawmakers, judicial system, and financial systems are unorganized groups, meaning they do not come together under a single cause but act individually in their reality. All of the work combined from these institutions play a vital role and are the primary cause of the angst America is experiencing.\n\nIt is imperative to remember that the world we live in is malleable. People can transform themselves and institutions. This is a necessary outlook for change. But again, it means nothing without action. The humanization of all people should be the goal of the oppressed. I was born with some of the markers that society says should make me fail; single-parent home, poor, Black, etc. However, at a certain point in my life, I am responsible for making my own path because, despite the obstacles placed before us, the ability to change through thought and action is as embedded in us as our consciousness and in the reality we experience through our consciousness.\n\nWhen I say we should reimagine holidays for our survival and do this through education, I do not mean we should suddenly schedule a bunch of history classes on those days. We need to start a pedagogy that is based on conversation and inquiring. This will help stimulate creativity and reflection. We do not need to treat students as mere items to be filled with data. Both teachers and students need to be critical investigators. We need teachers that are simultaneously students, and we need students that are simultaneously teachers.\n\nThis is especially helpful for the younger generation, who are sometimes accused of being detached from the historical events that put them smack in the middle of the reality they presently occupy. That assessment is probably not entirely accurate and may be based on our older folks’ opinion, whose judgment on the younger generation is framed in disdain and disappointment and the overriding belief that they care little about their history.\n\nIf we don’t find a way to preserve our history, those in power will slowly change out facts with opinions about what happened and the meaning of those events. Their approach to education is inorganic and static. It is mechanical. We will counter that by valuing experience over memory. We will transform the inorganic to organic. As teachers (all of us are teachers in one way or another), our job is not to regulate the way the world enters students’ minds. Education is not only about depositing information into students; it is a peep into possibilities, a taste of love, a thirst for creativity. Only by continuing the fight for the restoration of our own culture will we combat systemic education that the right is trying to put in place. We cannot waste time by waiting for the politicians to make things better. That is not their nature.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8044230937957764}
+{"content": "Herbst 2017 Appl Physiol Nutr Metab\n\nFrom Bioblast\nJump to navigation Jump to search\nPublications in the MiPMap\nHerbst EAF, George MAJ, Brebner K, Holloway GP, Kane DA (2017) Lactate is oxidized outside of the mitochondrial matrix in rodent brain. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 43:467-74.\n\n» PMID: 29206478\n\nHerbst EAF, George MAJ, Brebner K, Holloway GP, Kane DA (2017) Appl Physiol Nutr Metab\n\nAbstract: The nature and existence of mitochondrial lactate oxidation is debated in the literature. Obscuring the issue are disparate findings in isolated mitochondria, as well as relatively low rates of lactate oxidation observed in permeabilized muscle fibres. However, respiration with lactate has yet to be directly assessed in brain tissue with the mitochondrial reticulum intact. To determine whether lactate is oxidized in the matrix of brain mitochondria, oxygen consumption was measured in saponin-permeabilized mouse brain cortex samples, and rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus (dorsal) subregions. While respiration in the presence of ADP and malate increased with the addition of lactate, respiration was maximized following the addition of exogenous NAD+, suggesting maximal lactate metabolism involves extra-matrix lactate dehydrogenase. This was further supported when NAD+-dependent lactate oxidation was significantly decreased with the addition of either low-concentration α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate or UK-5099, inhibitors of mitochondrial pyruvate transport. Mitochondrial respiration was comparable between glutamate, pyruvate, and NAD+-dependent lactate oxidation. Results from the current study demonstrate that permeabilized brain is a feasible model for assessing lactate oxidation, and support the interpretation that lactate oxidation occurs outside the mitochondrial matrix in rodent brain.\n\nBioblast editor: Kandolf G O2k-Network Lab: CA Guelph Holloway GP, CA Antigonish Kane DA\n\nLabels: MiParea: Respiration, Comparative MiP;environmental MiP, mt-Medicine \n\nOrganism: Mouse, Rat  Tissue;cell: Nervous system  Preparation: Permeabilized tissue \n\nCoupling state: OXPHOS  Pathway:HRR: Oxygraph-2k, O2k-Fluorometer \n\nLabels, 2018-02", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9944905638694763}
+{"content": "ECE Student Input Form\n\nCreate your own user feedback survey\n\nNote: No personally identifiable information will be shared with the advisor/faculty/staff you are giving feedback for.\n\nIf multiple students are using the same machine to provide feedback, use the following LINK\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6356689929962158}
+{"content": "A parallelogram is a two-dimensional geometrical shape, whose sides are parallel with each other. It is made up of four sides, where the pair of parallel sides are equal in length. Also, its opposite angles are equal to each other. In geometry, you must have learned about many 2D shapes and sizes such as circle, square, rectangle, rhombus, etc. All of these shapes have a different set of properties. Also, the area and perimeter formulas of these shapes vary with each other, used to solve many problems.\n\nParallelogram Definition\n\nA parallelogram is a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides. The opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal in length and the opposite angles are equal in measure. \n\nIn the figure above, you can see, ABCD is a parallelogram, where AB//CD and AD//BC. \n\nAlso, AB = CD and AD = BC\n\nAnd, ∠A = ∠C & ∠B = ∠D\n\nArea of Parallelogram\n\nArea of a parallelogram is the region occupied by it in a two-dimensional plane. Below is the formula to find the parallelogram area:\n\nArea = Base × Height\n\nIn the above figure, //gramABCD,  Area is given by;\n\nArea = a b sin A = b a sin B\n\nwhere a is the slant length of the side of //gramABCD\n\nand b is the base.\n\nPerimeter of Parallelogram\n\nThe perimeter of a parallelogram is the total length covered by its boundaries. Hence,\n\nP = AB + BC + CD + AD\n\nP = 2 (a + b)\n\nProperties of Parallelogram\n\nIf a quadrilateral has a pair of parallel opposite sides, then it’s a special polygon called Parallelogram. In a parallelogram;\n\n  • The opposite sides are congruent\n  • The opposite angles are congruent\n  • The consecutive angles are supplementary\n  • If anyone of the angles is a right angle, then all the other angles will be right\n  • The two diagonals bisect each other\n  • The diagonals separate it into congruent\n\nTypes of Parallelogram\n\nThere are mainly four types of Parallelogram depending on various factors. The factors which distinguish between all of these different types of parallelogram are angles, sides etc.\n\n  1. In a parallelogram, say PQRS \n    • If PQ = QR = RS = SP are the equal sides, then it’s a rhombus. All the properties are the same for rhombus as for parallelogram.\n  2. Other two special types of parallelogram are:\n  • Rectangle\n  • Square\n\nExamples on Parallelogram\n\nExample- Find the area of a parallelogram whose base is 5 cm and height is 8 cm.\n\nSolution- Given, Base = 5 cm and Height = 8 cm.\n\nWe know, Area = Base x Height\n\nArea = 5  × 8 \n\nArea =  40\n\nExample: Find the area of a parallelogram having length of diagonals to be 10 and 22 cm and an intersecting angle to be 65 degrees.\n\nSolution: We know that the diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other, hence the length of half the diagonal will be 5 and 11 cm.\n\nThe angle opposite to the side b comes out to be 180 – 65 = 115°\n\nWe use the law of cosines to calculate the base of the parallelogram –\n\nb² =  5² + 11² – 2(11)(5)cos(115°)\n\nb² =  25 + 121 – 110(-.422)\n\nb² = 192.48\n\nb = 13.87 cm.\n\nAfter finding the base we need to calculate the height of the given parallelogram.\n\nTo find the height we have to calculate the value of θ, so we use sine law\n\n5/sin(θ) = b/sin(115)\nθ = 19.06\n\nNow we extend the base and draw in the height of the figure and denote it as ‘h’.\n\nThe right-angled triangle (marked with red line) has the Hypotenuse to be 22 cm and Perpendicular to be h.\n\n\nsin θ = h/22\n\nh = 7.184 cm\n\nArea = base × height\n\nA = 13.87 × 7.184\n\nA = 99.645", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6295609474182129}
+{"content": "Dublin: 3 °C Saturday 27 November, 2021\n\nThe Burning Question*: Can a breakfast roll be eaten after breakfast time?\n\n\n\n\n\n\n(Pic: LWY/Flickr/Creative Commons)\n\nThis week: As a bringer of meaty goodness and provider of much-needed calories the morning after the night before, the breakfast roll has earned its greasy place in the Irish national diet.\n\nBut there are rules. Can you only eat them in the morning time? Is it kosher to have one at lunch? Or even – whisper it –  dinner? Is it ever too late to have one?\n\nIt’s a minefield.\n\nSo the question: Can a breakfast roll be eaten at any time during the day?\n\nPoll Results:\n\nYou shouldn't have them for dinner but any other time is ok. (2715)\nYes. Breakfast rolls can and should be eaten whenever necessary. (2509)\nI hate breakfast rolls and am only voting to feel included. (1119)\nI'm a vegetarian and am judging you all right now. (520)\nNo. Breakfast roll = breakfast time ONLY. I'm a purist. (491)\n\nRead next:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9950507283210754}
+{"content": "Currency Roundup - Euro Affected by Uncertainty; Dollar, Pound, Loonie and Ozzie Are Up\n\n\neuro value uncertainty 2017\nAndrea Barnes\n\nAs we often say at FXcompared Magazine, the only sure thing in the FX markets is that nothing is a sure thing. The whole of 2017 has found us with such unexpected currency performances, that sometimes it is hard to believe the numbers in front of us.\n\nEuro Suffers From Uncertainty\n\nUncertainty seems to be the global theme of 2017, with rearrangements of global structures being navigated by many of the world super powers. Greece and Italy, both members of the European Union and users of the euro are both facing economic crisis. Some investors believe that both of these countries may pull out of using the euro and switch back to their own currency, which is negatively affecting the value of the euro. Though the euro has been extremely volatile as of late, it has not had a major dip such as that of the pound after Brexit.\n\nSome economic experts believe that the euro will recover, and refer to it as \"artificially low\" at this time, in other words, the experts expect to see the euro gain value again. However, other economic experts, and the Trump administration, believe the euro will eventually reach parity with the dollar, and lose even more value over 2017. These differing opinions are a great example of the uncertainty surrounding the euro, and help explain why the euro continues to have a low, but volatile, performance.\n\npound dollar value 2017\n\nPound and Dollar Slightly Lifted This Week\n\nThis week, both the pound and the dollar received a slight lift thanks to different moves by the new administrations in the United States and the United Kingdom. The British pound was helped by the signing of Article 50 through the House of Commons. This signing helped alleviate some of the uncertainty surrounding the future of the United Kingdom after it leaves the European Union, and gave investors faith in the transition. Like the Euro's lackluster performance of late, much of the pound's value is influenced by an uncertain future in the United Kingdom as they enter Brexit. The signing of Article 50 shows investors that the United Kingdom has a plan for its departure from the European Union.\n\nSimilarly for the dollar, the Trump administration is making promises about revealing a favourable tax plan in the coming weeks, leading investors to continue their faith in the US dollar. While the dollar has not returned to the high it reached immediately following the election of Trump, it continues to hover at a higher value than it did before November of 2016.\n\nCanadian Dollar and Australian Dollar Still High\n\nThough the news in 2017 hasn't been great for the pound and the euro, both the Canadian Dollar and Australian dollar, albeit no strangers to volatility, continue to have strong performances in the FX markets. Both currencies are commodity driven, which has helped drive their strength in the market.\n\nMuch like investors are divided over the future of the euro, many investors are unsure of what to expect from both the Canadian dollar and the Australian dollar. Some believe that the Australian dollar is artificially high, while others believe the Australian dollar is undervalued still. Both agree that the Canadian dollar's value will continue to be driven by the demand for oil. As always, only time will tell what predictions investors have right.\n\nAssess the past volatility of different currencies with our currency volatility tool.\n\nMost Read\n\nUse Our Currency Comparison Tool\n\n\nEditor's Choice\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.533721923828125}
+{"content": "title: Cassowary eating\n\nmedium: Photography\n\n
printing: Archival pigment ink (epson k3) museum quality.
\n\nyear: 2018\n\nAvailable on traditional fine art paper ready to frame.\nCanvas rolled in tube or stretched over an internal wooden frame.\nChoose Acrylic facemount for a more modern contemporary look.\n\n\nAn adult female cassowary feeding on a burdekin plum (rainforest fruit). These amazing birds play a vital role in distributing seeds from the fruits they eat through out the rainforests of far North Queensland. Their scats provide the optimum nutrients and growing conditions for the fruit trees to germinate. They help replenish the forests with native plants many other animals rely on for a healty existance. While I was watching this bird I noticed another one in the forest behind me and then another to the right of me. For a brief moment I had thoughts of Jurrasic park raptors. This feeling of being hunted passed quickly and i continued photographing these magnificent animals.\n\nCassowary eating", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7615075707435608}
+{"content": "Samaritan Woman In John 4: 1-42\n\n1442 Words6 Pages\nThis research paper will examine the pericope, the Samaritan Woman, in the Gospel of John as found in John 4:1-42. The different areas of the pericope, which would be expounded on, are historical context, literary context, relationship with the synoptic parallels, major points in the pericope and its modern application.\nThe historical context of John’s narration of Jesus’ encounter with the Samaritan woman is important because it creates the backdrop and framework upon which this incident took place. Knowledge of this will provide greater understanding when reading this passage.\nThe Samaritans were a mixed population who came from the heathen colonists of Salmanezer from Assyrian provinces, Babylon, Cuthah, Ava, Hameth and Sepharvaim, and from the remnants of the\n…show more content…\nNash noted that it was actually unnecessary for Jesus to pass through Samaria. It was actually preferential for Jews to go across and travel north on the eastern bank of the Jordan in order to avoid Samaria. However, it was God’s will that Jesus would take this way to pass through Samaria, and meet the Samaritan woman at the well. The encounter with the Samaritan woman was definitely not a mere chanced encounter, but it was a divine encounter.\nIt can also be noted that the Samaritan woman was an outcaste and was ostracized by many. In those times, drawing water and chatting at the well was a social highlight for a woman. Many women would travel together to draw water and socialize. However, the Samaritan woman came by herself to draw water from the community well. The literary context can be expounded in detail. Being wearied with his journey, he sat thus on the well. This was the posture of Jesus at this point in time. It can be noted that Jesus was exhausted by his journey. From this, we can see that first, Jesus was a genuine man, and he struggled with the same physical problems as other men. Next, Jesus did not live in riches, as he did not travel on horseback or in a\nOpen Document", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9518862366676331}
+{"content": "The Weeknd Gets Kinky In Disco-Tinged 'Take My Breath' Video\n\nYou've never seen so much leather in your life\n\nThe Weeknd’s new song will really take your breath away. A bright new era has finally dawned, as the singer born Abel Tesfaye just dropped “Take My Breath” today (August 6), which brings a sense of retro ‘70s and ‘80s disco dance-pop club vibes.\n\nA music video (which provides caution with an epilepsy warning) has also been released to accompany the single. The video introduces Tesfaye, donning a long leather jacket and rose-tinted shades, walking toward the dawning sun. He enters a concrete tunnel to a club, where he sees people dancing and getting high on oxygen under flashing lights that accompany the pulsing synths of the song. A woman decked in leather, silver jewelry, and chains strides up to him with interest, and they dance suggestively together on the floor.\n\n“Take my breath away / And make it last forever, babe / Do it now or never, babe,” Tesfaye sings on the chorus. “Take my breath away / Nobody does it better, babe / Bring me close to heaven, babe / Take my breath.”\n\nLater in the video, we see the couple leaning together, and Tesfaye’s love interest wraps her long braid around her neck. Suddenly, she pushes him to the other side and pulls him tightly into a chokehold, which shows she is in control. She kicks him and then continues to rope and drag him across the floor. The video concludes with an unconscious Tesfaye awaking and catching his breath back on the dance floor, surrounded by other people dancing and minding their business.\n\nPrior to its release, the snippets of the song were teased last week in a visual trailer and in a promo commercial on August 3 for the U.S. track and field team in the Tokyo Olympics. The music video was also originally set to premiere in IMAX showings before the screening of The Suicide Squad but was pulled due to the concerns of the \"intense strobe lighting\" triggering epilepsy, according to Variety.\n\nIn his recent interview with GQ, Tesfaye stated his new album would mostly consist of party music to jam to, describing it as “Quincy Jones meets Giorgio Moroder meets the best-night-of-your-fucking-life party records.” He admitted, “It’s the album I’ve always wanted to make.”\n\nThe upcoming album is yet to have a title and a release date announced. It will follow After Hours, which was released in 2020 and debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 chart where it remained for four consecutive weeks.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5777789354324341}
+{"content": "Envie sua Receita…\n\nEconomic Growth Fundamentals\n\nIf you are thinking about studying economics, you might want to consider taking up financial terra economicus expansion basics. These types of economic ideas are essential for everybody who is planning to take part in economic study or even people who find themselves considering a career in this discipline. Learning basic principles about monetary growth concepts will help you be familiar with problems that arise when a country’s economy swells too fast. Monetary growth basic principles is also necessary for those who are intending to become political figures or promoters of any kind of social system. The problems in economic growth basic principles are a little more complicated than what would be trained in the introductory lectures. If you are planning to examine in depth in to the theories of economic growth, this preliminary course can serve as the building blocks.\n\nOne of the needed concepts educated in monetary growth principles is the concept of proper gDP. Realistic gDP can be an economic measurement of a country’s total productivity in terms of goods and services produced per device of major domestic merchandise. A country’s real gross domestic product is estimated based on the significance of the money of every adult citizen as well as all their income or assets. This will likely include the production of the nation’s economy overall as well as each individual’s personal wealth.\n\nA second fundamental principle in financial growth basics may be the concept of monetary deficit. A country’s economical balance identifies the difference between total sum of money in the blood supply and the amount of money being put in or gathered in a country’s economy. A deficit in a country’s overall economy indicates a scenario where the national income or perhaps potential wealth is lower than the total amount of cash being spent or accrued. When this kind of occurs, a country’s money starts to lose its benefit. A country’s national financial debt, on the other hand, is the opposite of its financial surplus or perhaps deficit – the difference regarding the total benefit of money simply being spent or perhaps accumulated and the actual worth of that currency at the end of your period of time.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999542832374573}
+{"content": "Jetson Orin NX\n\nBig AI performance for small autonomous machines.\n\nExperience the world’s most powerful AI computer for power-efficient autonomous machines in the smallest Jetson form factor. It delivers 5X the performance and twice the CUDA cores of the last generation, plus high-speed interfaces for multiple sensors. With 100 TOPS of AI Performance for multiple concurrent inference pipelines, Jetson Orin NX gives you big performance in an amazingly compact package.\n\nFor Small, Next-Generation AI Products\n\n  • SIZE\n\nOrin Performance. Nano Size\n\nAt 70mm x 45mm, Jetson Orin NX packs a punch with 5X the performance of NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX. Its small size, superb performance, and power efficiency bring big performance to your next-gen products like drones and handheld devices.\n\nUnmatched Performance\n\nNVIDIA Jetson Orin NX features an NVIDIA Ampere architecture GPU and Arm® Cortex®-A78AE CPU, together with next-generation deep learning and vision accelerators. High speed IO, 102GB/s of memory bandwidth, and 12GB of DRAM are able to feed multiple concurrent AI application pipelines.\n\nSmall Power Envelopes Welcome Here\n\nExperience the highest level of performance for small form-factor robots and autonomous machines in a compact and power-efficient system. The compact module consumes as little as 10W, or up to a maximum of 25W. Tap into the unmatched size, performance, and power of Jetson Orin NX, along with NVIDIA JetPack SDK, the NVIDIA AI software stack, and an ecosystem of services and products to bring your product to market—fast.\n\nJetson AGX Orin\n\nGet Notified\n\nThe Jetson Orin NX module is coming in Q4 2022. Get started on your development in Q1 2022 with the Jetson AGX Orin Developer Kit, which includes support for emulating Jetson Orin NX. Sign up below to be notified when both are available.\n\n\n\nThe NVIDIA JetPack SDK enables access to all Jetson hardware features and lets developers bring the world-standard NVIDIA AI software stack to their next-generation edge AI devices. It includes the Jetson Linux driver package together with libraries, samples, and tools to accelerate AI inference, computer vision, graphics, multimedia, and more.\n\nNVIDIA Jetson Orin NX with JetPack and the world-standard NVIDIA AI software stack is your platform for small form-factor, advanced AI products.\n\nPretrained Models\n\nMany AI applications have common needs: classification, object detection, language translation, text-to-speech, recommender engines, sentiment analysis, and more. Pretrained models from the NGC catalog are performance optimized and ready to be fine-tuned with TAO toolkit and customer datasets, reducing time and cost for production AI software development.\n\nPretrained Models from the NGC Catalog\n\nThe robust Jetson partner ecosystem is ready to support you. See all NVIDIA ecosystem partner products supporting Jetson Orin NX.\n\nNVIDIA Platforms for Robotics, Healthcare, and Smart Cities\n\nNVIDIA software platforms—including Isaac for robotics, Clara for healthcare, and Metropolis for smart cities—are available to speed vertical-specific applications.\n\nNVIDIA Isaac Platform for Robotics\n\nNVIDIA Isaac for Robotics\n\nRobots create new efficiencies and improve quality of life through industries such as manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, and service. NVIDIA Isaac accelerates the process with enhanced robotics development, simulation, and deployment.\n\nNVIDIA Clara for Healthcare and Life Sciences\n\nNVIDIA Clara for Healthcare and Life Sciences\n\nNVIDIA Clara is a healthcare application framework for AI-powered imaging, genomics, and the development and deployment of smart sensors. It includes full-stack GPU-accelerated libraries, SDKs, and reference applications for developers.\n\nNVIDIA Metropolis for Smart Cities\n\nNVIDIA Metropolis for Smart Cities\n\nNVIDIA Metropolis is an application framework, set of developer tools, and partner ecosystem that bring visual data and AI together to improve operational efficiency and safety across a broad range of industries.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9845699667930603}
+{"content": "Popular tips\n\nWhat is divine command theory natural law theory?\n\nWhat is divine command theory natural law theory?\n\nDivine Command: Whatever God commands is good, we say. Natural Law: Whatever it is that is good, that is what God commands. MAJOR DIFFERENCES. Morality is grounded in reason (not God) and in rational human nature, which allows us to discover moral laws.\n\nWhat is the divine command theory for kids?\n\nFrom Academic Kids The divine command theory (hereafter: DCT) is the metaethical theory that moral values are whatever is commanded by a god or gods.\n\nWhat is the divine command theory quizlet?\n\nDivine Command Theory. something is morally right for an individual simply because God commands it. There are not independent criteria for judging the morality of an action. Something is holy or moral becase God loves it.\n\n\n\nWhat is the difference between natural law and Divine Command Theory?\n\nWhat’s wrong with divine command theory?\n\nOther criticisms of divine command theory include: Religious scriptures are generally ancient and are hard to interpret against the complexities of today’s society. As a result, religion as an ethical system does not provide specific ethical guidance to specific ethical dilemmas.\n\nWhat is the advantage of divine command theory?\n\nAnother possible advantage of Divine Command Theory is that it provides an objective metaphysical foundation for morality. For those committed to the existence of objective moral truths, such truths seem to fit well within a theistic framework.\n\nWhat are the problems with divine command theory?\n\nHence, the advocate of a Divine Command Theory of ethics faces a dilemma: morality either rests on arbitrary foundations, or God is not the source of ethics and is subject to an external moral law, both of which allegedly compromise his supreme moral and metaphysical status.\n\nWhat is a weakness of the divine command theory?\n\nWeaknesses. even if moral commands in the Bible come from God, we cannot tell whether they are as God gave them – no original version of any Old Testament book. Bible contains what most people would consider to be immoral commands; such as views towards slavery and homosexual behaviour.\n\nIs there such a thing as a mandate of Heaven?\n\nMandate of Heaven. The concept is in some ways similar to the European concept of the divine right of kings; however, unlike the European concept, it does not in theory confer an unconditional right to rule, despite this being exactly the case in practicality. The Mandate would in theory be a preoccupation in a ruler’s lifetime,…\n\nHow does divine command theory relate to ethics?\n\nIt is from God’s commands that actions are determined to be right or wrong and, because of this, divine command theory provides an objective assessment of what is ethical or moral. However, there is ambiguity in the way in which some scripture is interpreted.\n\nWhat is the definition of the divine right theory?\n\nDivine Right Theory is the idea that you have your privileges, your rights, by act of God, or the divine. So a king is in his place, deciding life and death decisions, because God put him there.\n\nIs there such a thing as a mandate?\n\nElections are often interpreted as mandates from the public for certain kinds of action. But since a politician is not just a symbol of certain policies but also an individual who might happen to have an awfully nice smile, it can be risky to interpret most elections as mandating anything at all.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9955559968948364}
+{"content": "• Shark attacks on humans are rare, according to a shark expert.\n  • Overfishing is causing many shark populations to decline and driving some to the point of extinction.\n  • Improved marine management is a key component of protecting endangered species.\n\nIn 1975, the fictional beach town of Amity and cinema audiences the world over were terrorized by a tactically astute great white shark. While films like JAWS often do well at the box office, their legacy is to cast the planet's shark species as dangerous predators that prey on humans.\n\nThis image is highly misleading, says Andy Cornish, leader of the World Wildlife Fund’s ‘Sharks: Restoring the Balance’ conservation programme.\n\nSharks evolved more than 400 million years ago and continue to thrive. These ancient creatures have outlived the dinosaurs and play a key role in maintaining marine ecosystems. Human activity poses a much greater danger to sharks than they do to us, and it is pushing more species towards the endangered list - or extinction.\n\nA case of mistaken identity\n\n“Whenever I'm asked about the number of shark-related human deaths, people are surprised how few there are compared to other predators. Lions and tigers each kill about 100 people annually, hippos kill 500, crocodiles 1,000, and yearly snake-related deaths are estimated at between 20,000 and 50,000,” Cornish says.\n\n“On average sharks kill six people annually. Not 6,000, not 600, not 60, but six. Yet shark sightings and attacks make front-page news, while deadly snake bites seldom make news headlines,” he adds.\n\nAround 507 species of sharks are recorded, and only 11 of those are known to have ever caused human fatalities – less than 2% of the total.\n\n“Sharks don’t deliberately attack people to eat them. Occasionally some species bite, either because they feel threatened or they're hungry and are not sure whether humans are edible. So they bite as a way of testing,” Cornish explains.\n\nEven when fatalities do happen, generally it’s a case of mistaken identity. Sharks very rarely eat their human prey, instead they typically swim away.\n\npictured are dead sharks, which are caught and sold for their meat\nSharks are caught and sold for their meat.\nImage: Reuters/Tarmizy Harv\n\nWhy should I care if sharks are endangered?\n\nWith 500 plus species, sharks don’t just dwell in the ocean, they help shape it.\n\n“The ocean’s upper surface receives the most sunlight, which enables phytoplankton – the engines of marine ecosystems – to thrive, but these shallow waters are nutrient poor,” says Cornish. “When sharks, rays and marine mammals like whales dive to feed on animals in deeper waters, they return carrying essential nutrients, which they excrete and help make shallower waters more productive.”\n\nCreatures that perform these vertical migrations also help mix the different ocean layers, dragging up nutrient-rich water from the depths and helping to oxygenate and expand the most productive top layer.\n\nResearch shows that Tiger sharks also help mitigate climate change. Dugongs - a type of sea cow - and turtles graze on seagrass, which is more efficient at sequestering carbon than rain forests. In the absence of Tiger sharks that feed on these creatures, they overgraze, but with a shark predator around, the Dugongs and turtles don’t stay long in one place, which prevents overgrazing and promotes carbon storage.\n\nOverfishing, overfishing, overfishing\n\nWhile sharks make a significant contribution to healthy oceans, human activity is diminishing their numbers.\n\n“There are three main threats to the planet’s shark populations: Overfishing, overfishing and overfishing. It's estimated that around 100 million sharks are caught every year, which is a mind-boggling number,” says Cornish.\n\nOverfishing happens at every level, from low-scale inshore fishing to industrial tuna vessels far out at sea. And it’s a myth that most sharks are caught as bycatch. Sharks are deliberately targeted, not only for their fins used in shark fin soup but also for their meat, which has increased in value recently, and their liver oil.\n\nResearch published in Nature shows oceanic shark and ray abundance has declined 71% since 1970 due to an 18-fold increase in relative fishing pressure.\n\nthis infographic explains that more than 37,400 species are threatened with extinction\nSharks and rays are under growing pressure, pushing many species to the brink.\nImage: IUCN\n\nMore than a third of all shark and ray species could face extinction, according to the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.\n\nWhat can be done to help shark populations recover?\n\nThere are a number of measures that can help preserve shark species, many of which centre around more effective marine management.\n\nCornish says there are three important ways we can limit the damage of overfishing to sharks. “Firstly, to set and police catch limits for those species still caught in reasonable numbers,” he says. “Secondly, more endangered species need to be put on protected lists, but we also need to safeguard their critical habitats.\n\n“And finally, we need to find ways that commonly-used fishing equipment can be adapted to still catch the target species, but harm fewer sharks, rays and other unintended marine life.”\n\nWhat's the World Economic Forum doing about the ocean?\n\n\n\n\n\n\nMoves to incentivize the fishing industry to act could be part of the solution. The growth of shark and ray tourism – where visitors travel to see charismatic species like great whites, hammerheads and manta rays in their natural habitat – has the potential to boost local economies and provide new job opportunities for fishermen and others, for example.\n\nA broad plan is needed to recover the planet’s shark populations. Currently, there is no international consensus on the plight of sharks and little urgency about the need to stop species from going extinct.\n\nAI and drones protecting sharks\n\nConservationists in California have introduced the latest digital technology in their efforts to save the great white shark from extinction. Drones patrol popular surfing areas scanning the sea for signs of sharks that could pose a danger to humans. AI scans the drone footage to give a positive identification. The system can warn surfers of the presence of sharks - and keep the sharks safe from the frequently fatal consequences of an encounter with humans.\n\nThe project is part of the World Economic Forum’s Uplink initiative which connects entrepreneurs with experts and investors looking to scale up solutions to help meet the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. Goal 14 aims to protect life below water and preserve the health of ocean ecosystems.\n\nWhat can I do to get involved?\n\nOrganizations that support and protect sharks like the World Wildlife Fund, welcome support for their work from people like you.\n\n“Try to educate yourself about the issues, get involved and let your voice be heard,” Cornish advises. “Governments typically don’t prioritize issues unless they feel a significant number of people care about them. So it’s important that people speak up about sharks.”\n\n“The vast majority of shark products are from fisheries that are not sustainable and the products are not traceable. Say no to shark products. Don’t buy fins or shark meat, but also boycott health supplements containing squalene - a compound found in shark liver oil - or sharks’ teeth sold as holiday souvenirs in some countries,” he adds.\n\nWe can all play our part in protecting sharks so they continue to thrive for another 400 million years.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8744232654571533}
+{"content": "Naglilingkod sa Diyos at sa Bayan sa pagtuturo ng Kasaysayan\n\nJOHN LENNON: Most Influential Performer, 2 November 2000\n\nXiao and Lennon, 2002\n\nPersonally, John Lennon is really the most influential performer in the tribute episode for classic MTV last 1 November. John Lennon and The Beatles received most of the screams from people who were really going nuts and were dancing with their music. Also, The Beatles were one of the pioneers when rock and roll was still young Lennon’s songs such as “Strawberry Fields Forever”, “Come Together”  and the LP “The Beatles” (White Album) were so innovative their style still persists up to now despite of being classics. The young generation who never really knew the Beatles still appreciates their songs and contemporary artists are used to reviving their songs. The Beatles were timeless and influential until now, and this is mainly attributed to “The Guiding Spirit of The Beatles”, .John Lennon.\n\nAfter the break-up of the Beatles in 1970 emerged the real John Lennon, an advocate of peace. In his song “Imagine”, he united the world against the Vietnam War. Unfortunately, we lost John Lennon in 1980, but in his death, people literally came together right then over him!\n\nBut definitely, his most important contribution to the world through his music is how he is touching people’s lives even today, and I’m proud to say I was one of those million lives!\n\nIn November of last year, when I was so depressed, a friend of mine, Mayo, made me listen to the Beatle song “Hey Jude”. And that was the start of it. God gave me The Beatles to turn on to. And their songs of love, anger and rebellion became my output. Listening to Beatle song made me feel calm, relax, almost a tranqul1izer! The Beatles were there for me in my lowest. Praise God! I became a Beatlemaniac, and I’m so proud I’m one! Sorry if I’m getting emotional.\n\nAnd Lennon became an example for me of the joy of becoming yourself. Even how weird his likes and his ways were, he just went on, never minding his critic. As long as he doesn’t hurt anybody. I knew myself very well, it’s because I know Lennon. It’s cool to be you.\n\nJohn Lennon is said to have contributed much to the world, not merely because of his pioneering achievements, but because of the millions of lives he had touched through the years.\n\n-2 November 2000\n\n\n\n\n\n-John Lennon\n\n\n\n\nAnd boom! The doors were opened for me!\n\n\n\n\n\n\nYou don’t know what it means to me…\n\nExactly one year since, Beatlemania still persists in me.\n\nI’m still proud to be a Beatlemaniac\n\n\n\n\n\n\n“Peace and Love” to everyone!\n\n4 November, 2000\n\nThe Diary of Michael Chua\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8404024243354797}
+{"content": "Mietshäusersyndikat is a federation of quasi-inalienable housing commons in Germany that was organized in 1987 and is today widely known. html . In 2013, when this article was published (html ), Mietshäusersyndikat consisted of 50 housing projects connected to each other. By 2015, this number had risen to 95, and by 2017, 127 housing commons were associated with Mietshäusersyndikat and more than a dozen additional initiatives were interested in joining.\n\n# Aspirational Goals The syndicat aspires to help house projects lasting for generations, and the houses to stay a commons and not being reprivatized.\n\n\nTo newcomers, the housing syndicate appears like a hodgepodge of very different rental housing projects scattered irregularly across Germany. They range from a housing project for senior women; a large apartment building with single parents; to a converted former military barracks housing more than 200 people. However, all Mietshäusersyndikat projects share two important common features:\n\nActually, we should not even exist, since already our basic approach violates the rules of the market: profit mongering, capital investment, and acquisition of private property are considered the indispensable basis for all economic enterprises. But we exist – the Syndikat and the projects – and we are among them: we cavort in the urban undergrowth among building speculators and property sharks, among home-builders, apartment owners, building associations, and capital investment firms.- syndikat.org\n\n# 1) Each is quasi-inalienable commons property.\n\nMietshäusersyndikat deliberately attempts to decommodify housing by making it quasi-inalienable -- i.e., very difficult to sell on the market. The syndicate is organized as a GmbH -- a limited liability business entity -- with voting rights vested with only two entities, the syndicate and the particular housing project. The syndicate voting rights are restricted to very fundamental decisions such as whether to buy or sell real estate, and amendments to the organizing statutes. Everything else is completely self-organized and peer governed by each housing project.\n\nIf there is interest in selling a property that has been held in common, there are only two votes in any final decision -- one vote from the respective housing association and the other vote from the syndicate. In essence, this gives the syndicate veto power over any decision by a housing association to sell its building, but it also enforces open deliberation. The structure provides an important check on the apartment owners (the housing projects) who may wish to sell and thereby reap a personal windfall from an appreciation of the building's market value. The voting structure helps prevent the cooperative housing as cooperative in the face of market pressures to privatize the economic value and disband.\n\nThis voting structure is an intriguing legal twist that serves to Relationalize Property by keeping valuable buildings as collectively owned and managed systems. The system also serves to Protect & Extend Value Sovereignty within the housing commons as it strives to protect the housing project from speculators, banks and having to rely on market-transactions.\n\n# 2) Each project is managed through solidarity funding.\n\nAll Mietshäusersyndikat housing projects Pool & Mutualize. They get services from the syndicate according to their needs, and contribute the money for common needs -- publications and materials, consulting, legal fees, startup funding -- to the Mietshäusersyndikat. This contribution is called a \"solidarity transfer.\" It starts at a sum of 0,10€ per square meter/per month, and rises based on a housing project's net income.\n\nPhotos for documentary in German \"Das ist unser Haus\", 2016. source\n\nIn a typical condominium, there are high upfront capital costs for investors and high profits later. In contrast, Mietshäusersyndikat properties generate no profit. Surplus revenues are used for solidarity transfers to new associations, i.e. those projects that are starting to invest and wish to join the syndicate.\n\nThis transfer from older to newer projects helps the network grow and helps guarantee affordable rents forever. It is important to note that residents in Mietshäusersyndikat projects always pay rents - even if their individual housing project is already debt-free - because they don't only steward their respective apartment buildings, but the whole federation.\n\nOne of the Mietshäusersyndikat housing commons. source\n\n# How are they housing projects generally financed? Each project is financed by a mix of its residents' own capital, including peer-to-peer credits from member to member. A project's self-raised capital plus peer-to-peer credit raised from people connected to the project, can cover 25-50% of the purchasing and/or construction/remodeling costs. A second source of funds is external capital: real-estate credits from banks like GLS that have a socio-ecological mission, public banks (Sparkassen), and cooperative banks (Volksbanken).\n\nLieber 1000 Freund_innen im Rücken als die Bank im Nacken...!\n\nMember-Credit holders are not considered shareholders. There are no (cooperative) shares, just as there is no obligatory capital contribution to the federation. In case the credits cannot be paid back, the money is lost, but the people involved would not stay in debt with credit givers. Mietshäusersyndicat therefor encourages its members to support several other members instead of giving money to only one project. Interest for direct loans among members (cooperative lending among members} are fixed and go up to 2% per annum, but there are no equity shares in case the value of the real estate increases. This financial arrangement has been dubbed \"capital neutralization” by Mathias Neuling.\n\nThis unusual system is possible because, as Gunter Kramp says:\n\n\"There are no shareholders who would be interested in increasing the value of the [Mietshäusersyndikat] real estate or selling it.\"\n\n# Why do people give credits?\n\nPeople do so mainly because the support the idea to decommodify the housing market. But also because they can rely on 100% transparency, local, ethical and ecologic investment, no speculation on the increase of value, no fees or administrative expenses for investors as well as trust in the network and the syndicat. For instance: seldomly a project fails and a credit cannot be given back, this is published on the federation's website.\n\nCredit givers can also work with flexible conditions: a capped interest rate, duration and cancelation period can be freely agreed upon. The principle at work here is Cap & Mutualize\n\n# State poses limits Mietshäusersyndikat is only entitled to give subsidary credits as a legal requirement: otherwise it would be considered „Illegal banking business“\n\n# See also\n\nFrance, Le CLIP (html ) Netherlands, VrijCoop (html ) Woningbouwvereniging Soweto, housing project in Amsterdam, Netherlands, (html ) Verein zur Förderung selbstverwalteter & solidarischer Lebens- und Wohnformen habiTAT, Austria, (html )\n\n# Sources\n\nGunter Kramp, Community Land Trust and Urban Commons at Solikon, September 11, 2015. Stefan Rost (2013). Das Mietshäuser Syndikat html Mietshäusersyndikat website html Jochen Schmidt interview, May 15, 2018.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.941496729850769}
+{"content": "What should be done to control fire due to oils?\n\n\nExpert Answer:\n\nIn case of fire due to oils, water is not useful as it is heavier than oil and settles down below oil particles. In such cases, sand or soil should be used. They cut off the supply of air to the fire and it is put off.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8562925457954407}
+{"content": "3D Technologies\n\nHow Manufacturers Make Face Shields and Ventilator Parts\n\nHow Manufacturers Make Face Shields and Ventilator Parts\n\nMaking medical equipment for COVID-19\n\nAs the race to save lives continues, CAD designers and engineers are coming forward with solutions to the shortage of parts for ventilators, PPE, and medical equipment. Many of them are turning to companies like 3D Hubs to make parts for face shields and components for ventilators and other vital medical equipment. The most common manufacturing techniques are 3D printing and CNC machining.\n\n3D printing - a practical and portable solution\n\n3D printing, or additive manufacturing, has been with us since the early 1980s. It works by building a three-dimensional object from thin layers of material from a computer-aided design (CAD) file. The materials used come in powder, filament, pellets, or resin form. These include, but are not limited to plastics (usually Nylon, ABS, or Polyamide), wood/polymer composites (including paper), metals (usually stainless steel or titanium but gold, silver, and copper are increasingly being used), and even biomaterials (which can be used for transplants to replace diseased or missing body parts).\n\n3D printing is meeting the immediate needs of hospitals for items such as ventilator valves. The rapid prototyping that 3D printing provides, enables manufacturers to take the printer to site and try out different designs until they find one that works. While its downsides include the weaknesses of the materials and layering methods, the developing patent thicket, and the slowness of the 3D printers for mass production, the technology is constantly improving.\n\nCNC machining for consistent precision in mass production\n\nAlthough face shields appear to be a simple piece of kit of 3-7 parts (depending on whether or not the shield can pivot up and down), they cannot be 3D printed; each part has to be cut to size using traditional methods. CNC machining enables precision milling and turning to mass produce each component. The end result is a pile of parts ready for assembly.\n\nCNC, or computer numerical control machining, has been in use since the late 1950s. It works by cutting and shaping objects via a series of computer-controlled machines using CAD software. These machines include mills, lathes, plasma cutters, water jets, and lasers. Automatic continuous use is CNC's greatest advantage.\n\nIt can consistently produce items of the exact same shape and size as many times as required. It also enables the rapid mass manufacturing of complex items that would otherwise take weeks to make manually. Desktop machines are available for people to use at home, and are therefore as portable as 3D machines.\n\nThe advantage of using component manufacturers is their versatility. Since they do not produce complete machines, they are free to scale parts production up or down, meeting needs as they arise. Companies that partner with them can assemble and distribute the final products. In these difficult times, this agility is vital to ensuring the availability of medical equipment where it is needed.\n\nWatch the video: East Boston ski manufacturer producing face shields during coronavirus pandemic (November 2021).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6549274921417236}
+{"content": "TwitCount ButtonSkip to content\n\nTag: describing your art\n\nHow to Write About Your Own Art?\n\nArtists can have writer’s block too when describing their art!\n\nAs an artist, I have found that writing about my own art can be a little difficult. I tend to have “writer’s block” when talking (or in this case “writing”) about my own art creations. Maybe you have problems with this also.\n\nYet, as an artist wanting to promote and sell our artistic creations, it is important to be able to write a good description of the specific art you want to sell. Sometimes you may only need a few sentences, but being able to describe your art in such a compelling way that a viewer will become interested in purchasing it is something all artists should grow to be comfortable doing.\n\nMaye you were formally trained in art, art theory, techniques, and history, but the average person cannot relate to talking about a artworks Form, Composition, techniques, etc.  This means you really need to describe it using more of a marketing method. Describe it as having features your potential buyer can relate to. Size, colors, impact, and what emotions the art evokes is something everyone can relate to and connect with. Help the customer use their imagination as they view your artwork by describing a mood or visual effect the work has.\n\nLearn to use adjectives and descriptive words in writing about your art. Here’s a link to a nice article with lists of many descriptive words.\n\nThe colors in an artwork can be very expressive as to its mood and meaning. Check out this cool article about the meaning of colors and all the adjectives that can be expressed about color used in an artwork.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8025701642036438}
+{"content": "Skip to main content\n\nBuilding a virtual summer research experience in cancer for high school and early undergraduate students: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic\n\n\n\nThe COVID-19 pandemic posed a unique challenge for summer research programs in 2020, particularly for programs aimed at hands-on experience for younger trainees. The Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center supports two pipeline programs, which traditionally immerse high school juniors, seniors, and early undergraduate students from underrepresented populations in science in hands-on projects in cancer biology labs. However, due to social distancing policies during the pandemic and reduction of research operations, these students were not physically allowed on campus. Thus, the authors set out to strategically pivot to a wholly virtual curriculum and evaluate the Virtual Summer Research Experience in Cancer outcomes.\n\n\nThe virtual program included four components: 1. a core science and professional development curriculum led by high school teachers and senior undergraduates; 2. faculty-delivered didactic sessions on cancer science; 3. mentored, virtual research projects with research faculty; and 4. online networking events to encourage vertical mentoring. Outcomes data were measured using a locally created 11-item Research Preparation Scale, daily electronic feedback, and weekly structured evaluation and feedback via Zoom.\n\n\nOutcome data suggested high self-reported satisfaction with the virtual program. Outcome data also revealed the importance of coordination between multiple entities for seamless program implementation. This includes the active recruitment and participation of high school teachers and further investment in information technology capabilities of institutions.\n\n\nFindings reveal a path to educate and train high school and early undergraduate students in cancer research when hands-on, in-person training is not feasible. Virtual research experiences are not only useful to engage students during public health crises but can provide an avenue for cancer centers to expand their cancer education footprints to remotely located schools and universities with limited resources to provide such experiences to their students.\n\nPeer Review reports\n\n\nThe COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant challenges to the United States healthcare system [1, 2]. Many Academic Health Centers and Cancer Centers were charged with maintaining the traditional tripartite mission of clinical care, research, and education. Within medical education, virtual or distance learning combined with simulation became more common [1, 3]. Similarly, graduate medical and research education incorporated virtual didactic and telemedicine training [3,4,5,6,7]. Here, we describe the strategic pivot to the Virtual Summer Research Experience in Cancer (vSREC) from two traditional pipeline programs, aimed at immersing high school juniors, seniors, and early undergraduate students from underrepresented populations in biomedical science.\n\nProviding early biomedical research opportunities has been shown to enhance future interest in biomedical careers [8]. Student-reported gains included disciplinary skills, research design, information or data analysis skills, information literacy, self-confidence, communication, and professional advancement [9,10,11]. Importantly, students from underrepresented backgrounds are particularly likely to benefit from early biomedical research experiences [12, 13]. These research experiences and the resulting sense of responsibility positively impact academic and career success after accounting for parental income and other factors that influence achievement [14]. In addition to focusing on diverse student trainees, teachers’ participation in research programs that include laboratory research and professional development can improve their students’ achievement in science [15].\n\nSeveral National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer centers have instituted summer research programs (SRP) for high school and early undergraduate students underrepresented in biomedical research. Since 2003, the Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center (IUSCCC) has provided summer research experiences to over 300 students, hereafter termed interns, from underrepresented populations, defined using the NIH definition of populations underrepresented in the extramural biomedical workforce (detailed in Table 1). In addition, in 2013, IUSCCC launched the Future Scientist Program (FSP), focusing on high school juniors in the Indianapolis Public School district, which contains a high percentage of disadvantaged students. The two-month-long programs not only provided first-hand research experience in cancer but also allowed students to develop long-term professional relationships with faculty mentors. Over 70% of interns have entered healthcare/science professions, and several have become physician-scientists, physicians, or biomedical scientists (unpublished data).\n\nTable 1 NIH Definitions of students and underrepresented populations in science and from disadvantaged backgrounds\n\nPreviously, SRP and FSP had a similar structure: interns received a stipend to work on a research project in a faculty mentor’s laboratory (usually bench-based research) for 6–8 weeks, culminating in a poster and/or oral presentation. The laboratory experience was enriched by attendance at guest lectures on cancer biology and clinical cancer care, workshops on college/medical/graduate school applications and professional etiquette, and formal didactic training in research ethics, responsible conduct of research, and use of animals in research. Also, interns had social and celebratory events along with vertical mentoring opportunities with other trainees to teach how to network and navigate the university environment. IUSCCC also more recently initiated a 3–4-week high school teacher research program (TRP), placing teachers in research laboratories for hands-on experience. The aims of SRP and FSP were to expose interns to university-level cancer research through a full-time, paid summer program; to introduce concepts in cancer biology and medicine; to inspire interns to pursue further studies in science and/or medicine; and to build long-term relationships between mentors and interns.\n\nPreparation to launch SRP, FSP, and TRP for the 2020 summer started in Fall 2019 (Fig. 1a), and application review, interviews, and candidate selection were almost complete just before the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV2 novel coronavirus [16] forced a “hibernation” of research on our campus, pausing all but essential in-person research, as Indiana and much of the United States were placed under stay-at-home orders [17]. Since an in-person program became impossible, we opted to retool the curriculum as a virtual experience because of the importance of the programs in the lives of young interns, not just as a career-enhancing experience, but also as a full-time, stipend-based activity in a summer with few other options.\n\nFig. 1\n\nSchematic presentation of vSREC. A Timeline and workflow of vSREC. B vSREC core curriculum and participating teams and Faculty\n\nHere, we describe the modification of the traditional SRP and FSP pipeline programs into a virtual summer program, named Virtual Summer Research Experience in Cancer (vSREC), and the evaluation of this virtual program. The aims of vSREC were identical to FSP and SRP. Specific to vSREC, we sought to answer the following research questions: 1) What are interns’ perceptions of the impact of the vSREC program and their program mentor? 2) Do vSREC interns feel more able to understand and conduct research at the end of the program? and 3) What are mentors’ perceptions of the impact of the vSREC program on interns? This virtual pipeline program is unique in that it brought together a diverse group of high school and undergraduate students, high school teachers, IUSCCC leadership, and faculty mentors with a shared goal to provide a positive experience in early biomedical research.\n\n\nStudy participants\n\nStudents were selected for the program prior to the pandemic-related “hibernation”. Applicants submitted an online application including educational history, prior research experience, statement of interest, and a free-text description of how they met the eligibility criteria in Table 1. Trainees were selected for interview based on their applications, with final offers based on a holistic assessment by program faculty and staff of written and interview performance. All vSREC interns were invited to participate from May 2020 to July 2020. This study received approval from the Institutional Review Board at Indiana University (IRB protocol #1110007280) and written informed consent was obtained from all the participants. All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and with the declaration of Helsinki.\n\nDesign of the vSREC\n\nFigures 1a and b provide a schematic timeline and overview of the vSREC; additional details on program design are in Additional file 1. The educational objectives of vSREC mirrored the objectives of the in-person programs of previous years as noted above: exposure to cancer research, introduction to cancer biology concepts, inspiration toward further science studies, and networking. For vSREC, we also added the objective of enhancing contemporary scientific literacy through education on virology and SARS-CoV2, as new knowledge in this area was moving incredibly rapidly in the summer of 2020, along with significant dissemination of misinformation [18]. Additionally, we aimed to provide hands-on training for our diverse trainees in dealing with microaggressions. This training was particularly timely during the Summer 2020 period of Black Lives Matter protests across the United States and recognition of racism, discrimination, and microaggressions in health care settings [19,20,21,22].\n\nTo meet all these objectives, vSREC utilized input and expertise in technology, teaching and evaluation, and cancer biology from a diverse group of individuals. Technology-adept local undergraduate students, who had completed rigorous science coursework, had a desire to pursue health- or science-related fields, had laboratory research experience, and/or had completed previous summer research programs on campus, provided hands-on and competent technology support, vertical mentoring, and campus navigation and networking advice. Local science teachers designed and delivered a 6-week core curriculum covering topics related to the research processes, scientific literacy, ethics, and grade-level resources for academic and career advancement.\n\nIUSCCC faculty delivered engaging lectures in cancer biology, starting with fundamental cancer topics and moving through areas of specialty, while also modeling various career paths. Faculty also served as research project mentors along with their laboratory groups, providing virtual projects that could be done remotely. These included in silico analyses, literature reviews, and analyses of existing imaging or other datasets, plus virtual training in laboratory techniques. Finally, engaging networking events gave students the chance to interact with peers and others. Further details of these components are provided in Additional file 1. An example intern’s weekly program schedule and activities are depicted in Fig. 2, and Additional file 2 details all curriculum events, the daily checkout questions, and the extensive list of questions interns posed during the closing Cancer 201 lecture. This multifaceted approach to a virtual program allowed us to apply principles of online learning, including frequent contact between mentor and learner, clear organization, rapid feedback, diversity of presentation types and styles, a supportive learning environment, and appropriate training with online platforms for both students and mentors [23].\n\nFig. 2\n\nRepresentative vSREC weekly activity schedule. Activity of week 2 of the program for a specific intern is shown\n\nEvaluation methods\n\nThe evaluation was conducted using a multi-method design where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected in surveys from interns and mentors. Survey instruments were created locally to evaluate the interns’ perceptions of the vSREC educational and research experience, their mentors, and the skills learned from the virtual experience using Likert-style and free response questions. Furthermore, we created an 11-item Research Preparation Scale to assess interns’ perceptions of their understanding of the research process and whether this improved as a result of the program. The Research Preparation Scale was created for use across all Indiana University summer research programs and contains items to evaluate and compare general aspects of research preparedness at the beginning and end of programs. The scale contains three domains: 1) Understanding of research process (6 items), 2) Research application (3 items), and 3) Applicable skills (2 items). In addition, a post-survey of mentors was created to collect their perceptions of the virtual program and its impact on their interns. Surveys were collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools. REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) is a secure, web-based application designed to support data collection for research [24]. Copies of all surveys, none of which are under license, are provided in Additional file 3. At the beginning of the vSREC, interns were invited to complete a pre-survey that collected demographic information and the Research Preparation Scale that evaluated the degree to which interns felt prepared and able to conduct research. Further, using free responses, interns were asked what they hoped to learn from the program and to discuss any concerns about the virtual research experience.\n\nInterns completed a post-survey at the end of the program that included the same 11-item Research Preparation Scale as well as items evaluating the overall research and educational experience and evaluation of the research mentor. Free responses collected data about what interns learned from the research experience, future career goals, and their overall perception of the virtual research experience.\n\nDemographic information and responses to the post-survey are reported as descriptive statistics. A Cronbach’s α was performed on the Research Preparation Scale and domains to assess the reliability of the instrument. A Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to compare interns’ responses on the Research Preparation Scale domains. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS v.27 (IBM Corp, Armonk NY) and significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.\n\nFree response data from pre- and post-surveys were analyzed using the Framework Method of thematic analysis [25]. Data analysis using the Framework Method began with familiarization of the data by recording initial impressions. This was followed by the next stage, open coding, where all potentially relevant excerpts were marked. Codes were then aggregated into categories to create an analytical framework that was applied to the remaining responses. Finally, categories were reviewed and compared to results of the survey to illustrate and provide depth to the quantitative findings.\n\n\nParticipant demographics\n\nIntern demographics are detailed in Table 2 and included six Caucasian, 14 African American, one Asian, and one mixed-race interns.\n\nTable 2 Intern demographics. n = 22 interns total\n\nPre-program concerns\n\nAll 22 interns in the vSREC completed the pre-survey. In a free-text response, eight interns expressed concerns about having a different research experience due to the virtual format. Specifically, they worried about not getting hands-on experience and having difficulty working with their mentors at a distance. Table 3 presents the results of the thematic analysis, including categories, codes, and representative quotes.\n\nTable 3 Results of thematic analysis including codes and representative quotes\n\nProgram outcomes: interns\n\nA total of 18 interns completed the post-survey (12 in the SRP and six in the FSP, 82% response rate). All interns agreed or strongly agreed that their mentors were available to answer questions, provide advice, feedback, and resources to complete their research project (Fig. 3a). Interns further described how mentors supported them in the summer research experience by making themselves available to answer questions, provide feedback, and offer advising beyond the program. Others described how their mentors were able to create a supportive learning environment. One intern stated:\n\nHe created such a friendly and informative atmosphere. My mentor was very engaging and friendly during all our interactions, which definitely made me comfortable and content with my internship. In addition, he was able to explain very complex ideas in such a wonderful way! He started with the basics, then added fun anecdotes, until we could finally fully understand the more complex material. This helped to keep my interest level extremely high throughout all our interactions as well as during my independent study. His passion definitely rubbed off on me!\n\nFig. 3\n\nEvaluation of mentors and programs by vSREC interns. A Evaluation of mentors by interns. B The impact of vSREC on interns; results of post-program survey of n = 18 interns\n\nEach intern rated the vSREC experience as good or excellent. Each intern also self-reported gaining a greater appreciation for research, learning ethical conduct of research, and studying a topic in depth. Fifty-five percent agreed or strongly agreed that they wanted to pursue a career in research (Fig. 3b). Interns found expert speakers to be the most enjoyable aspects of the vSREC, followed by networking events. They appreciated the speakers sharing their research experiences and the pathways they took in their careers to reach their goals. One intern described:\n\nThe most enjoyable aspect of the virtual summer research experience was being able to hear all these different guest speakers who had such different paths that they followed to achieve their goal. It was overwhelming and very encouraging to continue chasing my dream after hearing all the bad experiences and setbacks that they experienced yet still managed to overcome.\n\nInterns also discussed the digital skills they learned during the virtual program and how they planned to use these in the future. Interns discussed how many of the skills in Zoom, Google Drive, and Canvas would assist them in college, particularly in online courses.\n\nWhile the interns overwhelmingly enjoyed the virtual program, many discussed their challenges and recommendations for future virtual programs. Nearly half of respondents expressed a desire to have a hands-on research experience and described the difficulty in sitting in front of their computer for several hours a day. Interns recommended having more activities that were interactive to build rapport and engagement among interns and mentoring staff and to try to match interns in a lab with others at their level of education.\n\nThe Research Preparation Scale was included on both the pre- and post-surveys to evaluate interns’ perceptions of their understanding of and ability to conduct research after completing the virtual program (Table 4). Interns reported significantly higher scores in the Understanding of the research process (p < 0.001) and Research application (p = 0.001) domains at the end of vSREC. There was no difference across the Applicable skills domain (p = 0.138) (Fig. 4). Cronbach’s α revealed the scale had acceptable to good reliability across the instrument (α = 0.80) and within each domain (1 = 0.78, 2 = 0.72; 3 = 0.61) (Table 4).\n\nTable 4 Domains of the research preparation scale, reliability, and pre- and post-survey means\nFig. 4\n\nComparative analysis of pre- and post-program survey results of interns’ pre-vSREC expectations and experience of vSREC, grouped by domain. n = 18 interns\n\nProgram outcomes as assessed by mentors\n\nAt the end of the program, mentors were also sent a REDCap survey to assess their opinion of their interns’ progress. Of 10 respondents (out of 17 mentors), all agreed or strongly agreed (on a 5-point Likert scale) that “my intern gained understanding of how scientists work on real problems,” while 80% agreed or strongly agreed that “my intern learned digital research techniques” and “asked appropriate questions” (Fig. 5). No mentors felt that interns spent too much time on other program activities, and 90% agreed/strongly agreed that program requirements enhanced the experience. However, 30% of mentors felt that interns were not on time or well prepared for Zoom meetings and commented anecdotally about varying levels of engagement and lack of clarity of expectations for both mentors and interns.\n\nFig. 5\n\nEvaluation of vSREC interns by mentors; results of post-program survey of n = 10 mentors\n\n\nProgram outcomes: summary\n\nAs the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded in the USA, leading to lab hibernation in late March 2020, IUSCCC program leaders prioritized creation of these alternatives to hands-on research experiences. Due to stress associated with COVID-19, the abrupt closure of schools, and the resulting loss of social networks, the leadership of vSREC had tepid expectations for the program and expected student attrition. However, all but one student selected for the program based on an interview before hibernation readily accepted the offer to participate in vSREC. Moreover, each intern finished the program. The self-reported student and mentor outcomes strongly suggest a high degree of satisfaction with the program.\n\nPre-program perception and post-program assessment about knowledge and skill improvements\n\nAlthough it was not the primary intention of the program, trainee and mentor surveys provided us a glimpse of knowledge and skill improvements in a virtual mode (Figs. 4 and 5). While interns expressed reservations about connecting with mentors in pre-program surveys, the majority were satisfied with their interactions with mentors and how their interactions with mentors helped them to improve their cancer knowledge. Overall, there was a consensus that the virtual program was effective in enhancing cancer knowledge. However, expectedly, the virtual format was not considered ideal to improve hands-on skill development, including communication skills, a fact acknowleged by both interns and mentors. And engagement through long days of virtual sessions was a challenge: 30% of mentors felt that interns were not on time or were not as prepared as they would have liked. Considering the prevailing COVID-19 situation at the time of the program implementation and uncertainty regarding school reopening and potential career/educational opportunities in the near future, we feel that the overall commitment of interns to the program was remarkable and above the expectations of program leaders. However, there is an opportunity for further improvements, which are described below and summarized in Table 5.\n\nTable 5 Lessons learned from the vSREC program\n\nLessons learned: mentors and interns\n\nThe research mentors provided a crucial link to research projects, models of cancer research career paths, and discipline-specific lecture topics, ensuring a cancer research focus was maintained. In the future, we envision additional innovative virtual projects in the areas of bioinformatics, image analysis, literature searches, and other in silico lab topics.\n\nFor interns, future plans might focus more on professional communication. This training would include how to create a calendar-based schedule, how to schedule meetings on a mentor’s calendar, and professional etiquette for timeliness. Clearer expectations related to intern-mentor interactions during the course of the program, such as having interns present at laboratory meetings, may further improve program experience, mentor satisfaction, and outcomes.\n\nLessons learned: program implementation\n\nActive participation of high school teachers was key to the success of this program, as they applied their teaching and student-teacher interaction skills to keep interns engaged during the entire program. They also designed the curriculum shared by all interns, providing a common point of reference for all program participants. In the future, it will be valuable to draw on teacher expertise to design tests of student knowledge pre- and post-program, to ensure that self-reported learning achievements are supported by unbiased metrics.\n\nRecruiting teachers for summer programs may pose a challenge in the future. Currently, teachers are seeing fewer opportunities for professional development within their schools because more time is being taken up to troubleshoot and prepare for the health and safety of the students within the virtual and in-person teaching platforms. This, in turn, creates fewer opportunities to enlist other strong teachers to assist with the summer programs. A further challenge is that teachers are working longer hours to develop virtual and in-person lessons to accommodate the hybrid calendars created by most schools. This gives them less personal time to participate in professional development activities such as the Teacher Research Program. In the future, similar programs will need to consider innovative ways to recruit and retain strong teachers to help facilitate these high school pipeline programs.\n\nThe undergraduate students of the Summer Team were an invaluable part of the program, providing near-peer mentoring and technological support for online tools. The availability of computing devices and a good internet connection is a limiting factor for any virtual program. In an ideal program, tablets with cellular data connections would be made available to interns who need them. Although using multiple learning management system (LMS) platforms allowed for more comprehensive functionality than opting for a single standalone platform, this multi-platform use caused confusion for the interns, as they often struggled to remember the purpose of each platform. However, the benefits of this multi-platform method included access to the different native tools within each platform. No one platform provides all of the features needed to run a wholly virtual program. Still, training on integrating external platforms such as G Suite and Zoom into a central LMS system such as Canvas can help reduce some of the confusion that interns faced during the vSREC experience. Also, more comprehensive pre-program IT training for all interns by a member of the institution’s educational IT support team could help better prepare students for the upcoming program.\n\n\nThis study was limited by the evaluation instruments. The surveys were primarily self-reported perceptions of the program rather than outcome measures. Further, while the locally created Research Preparation Scale has adequate internal consistency, it has not been evaluated for construct validity and other psychometric properties. In addition, the study population was small.\n\nFuture directions\n\nFuture goals include performing a confirmatory factor analysis on the Research Preparation Scale and publishing the results. Further, we plan to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the program through an alumni survey. We also hope to assess knowledge gained in the virtual curriculum compared with face-to-face cohorts; such a study design was not possible within the constraints of the rapid transition to a virtual program in 2020.\n\nThe IUSCCC SRP program typically gets > 200 applications for 15–17 slots. Thus, many students with interest in cancer research do not get the opportunity to participate. Further, IUSCCC summer programs do not provide a residential option, so many students from rural communities may be disadvantaged from participating. The virtual programs, however, offer the opportunity to engage students beyond geographic proximity to National Cancer Institute-designated cancer centers, particularly for those cancer centers that have entire states as their catchment area. This opportunity can be explored in future.\n\nVirtual research experiences, such as those examples described here, also offer a chance for meaningful engagement in cancer research to interns previously hindered by limited mobility. Engaging students with limited mobility (i.e., long-term wheel-chair bound or temporary injury limited mobility students) in the laboratory is challenging [26]. While the rehabilitation field has used adaptive sports as therapy [27], the adaptation of equipment and research facilities has been less swift. A virtual program could offer an appealing option for such students. As work from home and telehealth becomes more accepted, we envision innovative opportunities to increase.\n\n\nWe transitioned a summer research program in cancer to a virtual experience by drawing on the expertise of researchers, high school teachers and college students. We provided cancer-related and professional development didactic sessions, virtual research activities, and networking. Trainees reported high satisfaction with their virtual experience. Such a program is not only useful in future situations that require virtual learning, but also could be implemented on a routine basis to provide summer research opportunities to students from rural school districts, non-research-intensive universities, or universities not affiliated with a cancer center or medical school. Thus, a program such as this, developed in response to COVID-19, can potentially change the depth and breadth of cancer education. These impactful programs allow cancer centers to engage with communities. 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The authors thank Kaitlin Condron for the creation of display figures and IUSCCC for education program support. Educational activities at IUSCCC is supported by NCI (CA082709).\n\n\n\nAuthor information\n\n\n\n\nTWC and SMH co-directed the program and contributed to the manuscript; ES managed the program and contributed to the manuscript; JB analyzed data and contributed to the manuscript; L-AC, JO, and ES were teachers in the Summer Team and contributed to the manuscript; RS, AB, OO, and JD were students in the Summer Team and contributed to the manuscript; AH and LC were teachers in the Summer Team; VB managed the program; HN oversaw the program and contributed to the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.\n\nCorresponding author\n\nCorrespondence to Harikrishna Nakshatri.\n\nEthics declarations\n\nEthics approval and consent to participate\n\nThis study received approval from the Institutional Review Board at Indiana University (IRB protocol #1110007280, approved 05/29/2020) and written informed consent was obtained from all the participants. All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and with the declaration of Helsinki.\n\nConsent for publication\n\nNot applicable.\n\nCompeting interests\n\nThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.\n\nAdditional information\n\nPublisher’s Note\n\n\nSupplementary Information\n\nAdditional file 1:\n\nDetailed Program Design.\n\nAdditional file 2:\n\nTables presenting vSREC final program, daily checkout survey, and Cancer 201 questions.\n\nAdditional file 3:\n\nSurveys used in this study.\n\nRights and permissions\n\n\nReprints and Permissions\n\nAbout this article\n\nVerify currency and authenticity via CrossMark\n\nCite this article\n\nCorson, T.W., Hawkins, S.M., Sanders, E. et al. Building a virtual summer research experience in cancer for high school and early undergraduate students: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Med Educ 21, 422 (2021).\n\nDownload citation\n\n\n  • Research education\n  • Mentoring\n  • Virtual education\n  • Pipeline program\n  • Curriculum development", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9342140555381775}
+{"content": "• What is net zero?\n    • How do you achieve it?\n    • What are the timeframes?\n    • What is the impact on our organisation?\n\n\nIn order to limit global warming to <2C, we need to become a net zero greenhouse gas emissions world by 2050, in line with the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change.\n\nSo by 2030, we have to make big impacts in reducing our collective emissions across all parts of our world. All organisations (and individuals) will need to play their part.\n\nImportantly, organisations can develop a roadmap to net zero and committing to reducing not only Scope 1 and 2 but also Scope 3 emissions, prioritise absolute emissions reduction, and only invest in carbon offset projects once strategies to avoid, reduce and substitute have been exhausted, using Science Based Targets.\n\nA credible net zero commitment is anchored in a comprehensive understanding of your carbon footprint, especially your Scope 3 emissions, and should provide a baseline from which you can measure progress and follow your pathway to net zero.\n\nOur key tips are as follows:\n\n  1. Know and understand your carbon footprint. This will help identify your emissions hotspots are across your value chain, including where emissions of your suppliers or products are critical parts of your business ecosystem;\n  2. Develop your net zero roadmap. Your decarbonisation strategy in reducing your absolute emissions should be established and communicated to all stakeholders to help keep you accountable whilst contributing to a change in industry norms;\n  3. Take the quick wins, fast. Competitors are likely to take advantage of any cost savings associated with lower emissions systems, fleets, or facilities – so transition to these as soon as you can, especially the low hanging fruit;\n  4. Develop a systems approach to the issue. Individual corporate action on climate change can complement systemic rethinks, working in collaboration to drive emissions reductions throughout your value chain, using science based targets;\n  5. Update your operating model. Use this as an opportunity as well as a necessity to change your culture, incentives and management information system in updating the business model and re-aligning with your full spectrum of stakeholders and their needs.\n    It is no longer an option to do nothing. The time is now or it will be too late and Carbonbit will support you every step of the way as you engage in this journey to transition our economy to one that decouples carbon from growth.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8673264980316162}
+{"content": "Flying out of O’Hare not too long ago, we made a steep turn on takeoff and circled back directly over the city. Seen from above, the new United Center looked to be about three times the size of the old Chicago Stadium. So it was with some trepidation that we finally resigned ourselves to seeing a game at the new arena last Friday night. There wasn’t much choice in the matter; it was the opening game of the Bulls’ season.\n\nThe Chicago Stadium was one of the great arenas in all of sports. It was, of course, a loud and lusty place, definitively Chicagoan, with every bit as much character as the late Comiskey Park. It was also, apparently, a good deal more functional than the old Comiskey, in that it required a lot less upkeep from year to year. Still, its passing didn’t cause the trauma Comiskey’s did. It could be that because the United Center was bought and paid for by the Bulls and Blackhawks, rather than by the state in an extortion deal, the move seemed much more a legitimate business decision, irksome but not unjustified. It could be that although the Stadium had character, a lot of that character was invested in how dysfunctional it was–noisy, cramped, smelly, and always with something of a musty feel to it. Even in the dead of winter the place had all the charm of a sultry summer Chicago afternoon.\n\nWe’ll miss the old place, but we have to admit that the new place is a lot better than we expected. It has all the amenities and the well-thought-out traffic patterns of the new Comiskey Park (the two areas where the new Comiskey really shines). While the new Comiskey sandwiched its three levels of sky box seating together in the middle of the grandstand, thus heightening the upper deck and skewing the sight lines up there, the United Center has layered its three levels of sky boxes evenly between the mezzanine and first balcony, between the first and second balconies, and finally at the top. That’s a subtle but profound message for the average fan: a blue-collar Joe or Josephine, sitting at the back of the upper balcony, can take comfort in the idea that there are muckety-mucks above with even worse seats.\n\nWhile the new seats are, on average, a good deal farther away from the action than the old Stadium seats were, the sight lines are actually a little bit improved. We were sitting in the upper-deck press box, which in the United Center is at the top of the upper balcony. The upper balcony is steep, but then again so was the upper balcony at the Stadium. Those seats seemed to pitch a fan right down on the action, which is part of what made the Stadium such a claustrophobic place. The new upper-balcony seats offer more of a panoramic view, but the game remains fairly immediate. The players and their personalities are readily identifiable, even without the images on the eight-sided, multiscreen scoreboard, and that’s important, because the United Center as a whole–amenable as it is–is a place without a personality.\n\nThis year’s Bulls may not have an excess of talent, but they have character to spare. We’ve become an instant fan of Larry Krystkowiak, the tall, thin Montanan brought in from the Orlando Magic to replace Horace Grant at power forward in what amounted to a trade of free agents. That’s a clear step down in quality, but Krystkowiak seems almost perfect for the Bulls considering –considering that he is a functional, heady offensive player who fits into the Bulls’ triangle offense even better than Grant did; considering that the Bulls are basing their quick-job rebuilding plan on the rapid development of either second-year player Corie Blount or rookie Dickey Simpkins, neither of whom is quite ready to start yet; considering, in short, that Krystkowiak is a cog waiting to be replaced by a bigger, better piece of machinery.\n\nKrystkowiak runs flat-footed, like a dad playing against his sons in a church league, and he hops around on defense in the manner of someone trying to hail a boat from across the lake. But, offensively at least, he is fundamentally sound. He sets picks and cuts to the hoop off others’ picks, and on the fast break he runs on the wing with deceptive speed. He fits, while still having a very identifiable character. And in the first quarter of the Bulls’ opener against the Charlotte Hornets last Friday, he scored four quick baskets and led the Bulls out to an early 16-9 lead.\n\nIt was a typically ugly early season basketball game. (The only thing uglier than November basketball is October hockey, something we’ve been spared this year.) In fact, it was probably a little uglier than the opening-night games we’ve grown accustomed to; after all Michael Jordan is now two seasons removed from the sport, and the Bulls’ new starting lineup included not only Krystkowiak but Will Perdue, the ugly-duckling center who has grown up to be not a swan but just a very big duck. While ungainly, both Perdue and Krystkowiak pride themselves on teamwork, and the Bulls’ starting lineup was one of the few groups with any sort of chemistry on this evening.\n\nWhen coach Phil Jackson went to the Bulls’ bench the lead dissipated. Toni Kukoc had his usual problems getting into the flow. As a basketball player, he is almost the antithesis of a Krystkowiak. He is clearly talented, but because of that he has trouble subsuming his talents to a team system, especially one that can be as mechanical as the Bulls’ triangle offense. Put him on the fast break and he is a thing of beauty; at one point he passed up an easy bucket on a three-on-one break to present the trailing Scottie Pippen with a slam dunk. But in the offense he has a tendency to stand around, and considering the inconsistency of his jump shot he is not the sort of player simply to be spotting up from 18 feet out.\n\nHe is also a player without a real position. Six feet 11 inches tall and even thinner this year than last, he’s too tall and not quick enough to play guard, while being too slight and insubstantial to play power forward. Pippen, of course, is the small forward. So Kukoc and the Bulls go into each game in search of a chemistry that is even more intangible than for most NBA teams, which at least know what positions their players are playing and what roles they’re trying to fit.\n\nThat’s the thing about this year’s Bulls: if they develop a team chemistry that works they may become unfathomable to other teams, because they’re dealing in unconventional concepts. There is no traditional driving, dealing point guard in the Bulls’ system, just as there is no dominant rebounder on their roster. That makes their chemistry all the more elusive because it’s unwritten. Jackson and the Bulls are working on a form of alchemy that will either revolutionize the game or produce a losing season.\n\nJackson had his best success on this evening throwing Kukoc–against almost all logic–in at power forward and even, at one juncture, at center. He could do so because the Hornets’ usual starting center, Alonzo Mourning, was on the bench in street clothes with what the Bulls’ official score sheet referred to unceremoniously as a “strained right big toe.” Charlotte power forward Larry Johnson, meanwhile, labors under a recent ankle injury and a lingering back problem from last year. He is not the player he was when he first adopted a dress and a pillbox hat as “Grandmama” on his shoe commercials.\n\nJackson therefore was able to play either Krystkowiak or Kukoc at power forward with some confidence that they could keep Johnson from taking over the game. When crunch time came, in the fourth quarter, Jackson even went–as often as possible–to an offense-defense substitution scheme, playing Kukoc and Krystkowiak when the Bulls were inbounding the ball and defensive specialists Greg Foster and Blount when the Hornets were bringing the ball in. The Bulls got the lead, held it, and went on to win 89-83.\n\nYet as well as those tactics worked against the depleted Hornets, they will not work for the Bulls every night–which was proved the following night when the lowly Washington Bullets came into town. In the late going Kukoc was not able to restrain Washington’s power forward, Tom Gugliotta, who went on to lead the Bullets to an overtime victory.\n\nThe Bulls have no real beast under the boards. They’ll struggle this season when they don’t shoot well from outside, and they’ll have a generally difficult time with teams with strong centers or power forwards. They’ll be more erratic than they were last season; they’ll function only as well as they succeed in melding their diverse personalities. Put them down for 45 victories, with the odds that they’ll surpass that total much lower than they were a year ago.\n\nStill, they’ll give the United Center a very human face. It would be too harsh to call the new arena antiseptic, but it is an awfully corporate place, all tidy and streamlined. It’s a quality that keeps insinuating itself in various ways throughout the arena, but one that the Bulls have been transcending. For instance, when the newly retired John Paxson was called on to hoist the Bulls’ three championship banners into the rafters at the United Center it soon became apparent that the rope he was tugging on had no connection whatsoever to the lines that were pulling the banners up. What a cheap show-biz ruse. Yet we looked down and Paxson was standing there, smiling somewhat bashfully, no longer going through the motions of tugging the rope but simply looking up at the banners as they rose. Somehow the undercutting of this moment, in which he was supposed to be heroic, made him seem not less human but more, and the scene both comic and touching.\n\nLikewise, the new sculpture of Jordan at the east side of the United Center is a stiff work, enormous in almost every sense of the word. As a graceful gesture, it’s a failure. Yet that doesn’t keep people from filing past it, and we highly recommend that every fan’s first visit to the new arena start there. It’s not the sculpture that creates an atmosphere; it’s the attitude of the fans as they stop, look up, and talk out loud about their memories of Jordan. Despite itself the statue succeeds in creating the desired mood: one of a shared reverence for the past. Its awkwardness is part of its charm. If it were perfect it would seem even more corporate than it does. As it is, it goes a long way toward establishing this new stadium as a place where we’ll be willing to invest our memories in the future.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7771323919296265}
+{"content": "we have build the crime map for the public sector and the law and enforcement sector. The objective of this application is to help the law enforcement agencies to identify areas of crime concentration and to help public keep themselves and their loved ones safe. Crime Map Lahore is a crime data visualization and analysis tool that can provide insightful information from large amounts of data through the identification of abnormalities in crime trends. It can help the public keep safe by an alert system that works through sms services.\n\nBuilt With\n\nShare this project:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.917107343673706}
+{"content": "Support forumCategory: Bugsexceeding working hours ???\nAlain S. asked 4 days ago\n\nGood morning,\nI am a French user, I use the free release, when I set a range for working hours (e.g from 9:00am to 12:00), I set a two-hours slot, why do the form allow us to select a two-hours appointment from 11h00 to 13h00 ?\nIs it a bug ?\n\n1 Answers\nNikola Loncar Staff answered 3 days ago\n\nHi Alain, can you please share the link to that page? That could be the bug but also can be due to connection settings.\n\nBest regards,", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8242831230163574}
+{"content": "Efficient way to export data.xml with correct order (table dependency)\n\nWhat’s the most efficient way to insert data with a proper order? For example I have 2 tables:\ncreate table Primary (dataset_id number, info varchar2(100) PRIMARY KEY dataset_id);\ncreate table Foreign (dataset_id number, category varchar2(100) FOREIGN KEY dataset_id REFERENCES Primary(dataset_id))\n\nNow I run liquibase data to generate data.xml for the insertion. However, when I deployed to the Oracle DB, I found the foreign key issue. Liquibase exported data.xml in the alphabetical order of tables so the data in Primary is executed after Foreign (since P is behind F).\n\nEach time I have to manully copy and paste the data for Foreign below the Primary… Is there any efficient way to insert the data with the dependency order? In other words, alway insert Primary table at first.\n\nI found some solutions from the Internet but all of them are out of date. Was it added as a new feature so that we can achieve via command directly? I don’t want to touch data.xml once it’s auto-exported. Thanks!\n\nHi @dshuf,\n\nLooks like we answered this question already on StackOverflow.\n\nIf this answer is not satisfactory, please let us know with additional information.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8547434210777283}
+{"content": "Secondary Logo\n\nJournal Logo\n\n\nLeft Ventricular Heart Failure Model for Testing Cardiac Assist Devices\n\nReitan, Öyvind,*; Steen, Stig,† and; Öhlin, Hans*\n\nAuthor Information\n  • Free\n\n\nMechanical support of the failing heart has been a widely used treatment for many years, and there is a growing number of new devices. 1–3 The development of a new device usually requires animal testing before human use to ensure efficacy and safety.\n\nMost cardiac assist systems support either the left or the right ventricle. They are intended to treat serious heart failure when medical treatment fails, and, consequently, the best conditions for testing new devices are in animals with heart failure. The normally working heart is not optimal for the examination of a support system with respect to hemodynamic response; nevertheless, it offers the biologic environment needed for testing durability and safety such as thromboembolic complications and damage to blood elements. 4,5\n\nWe are currently developing a circulatory support system for the left ventricle and have used animals with and without heart failure to evaluate the hemodynamic effect. 6,7 In animals with normal heart function, it has been difficult to judge the hemodynamic contribution of the device.\n\nMany different animal models of heart failure have been published. Induced heart infarction by ligation of one or more coronary arteries will produce heart failure, but the degree is somewhat unpredictable. 8–10 Injection of microspheres into the coronary arteries is another method and produces microinfarctions over larger areas of the left or right ventricle. 11,12 Rapid ventricular pacing can also be used to bring on heart failure. Pacemaker induced tachycardia with a pulse rate of more than 120–130 beats per minute disturbs the atrial-ventricular synchrony and the filling of the left ventricle and leads to biventricular failure, especially during beta blockade. 13\n\nOur own experience with induced myocardial infarction in pigs has revealed problems with varying degrees of heart failure, sudden electric and hemodynamic instability, and, sometimes, death of animals during the tests. A failure model based on the negative inotropic effect of some drugs normally leads to biventricular failure and is not found ideal for testing a left ventricular support device. 14–16 One of the key features of left ventricular heart failure is the presence of high filling pressures of the left ventricle 17 with the consequence that the mean left atrial pressure (LAP) will rise because of backward congestion. Therefore, our aim was to create an adjustable left ventricular failure model in which LAP could be varied for acute hemodynamic testing of our other support systems.\n\nMaterials and Methods\n\nAnesthesia and Operative Management\n\nSeven domestic calves with a mean weight of 84 kg (range, 70–95 kg) were used in the experiments, which were approved by the local ethical committee. The animals received humane care in compliance with the “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” (NIH publication no. 85–23, revised 1985).\n\nAnesthesia was induced with 1,000 mg of ketamine (50 mg/ml Ketalar; Parke Davis, Morris Plains, NJ) given intramuscularly. Thiopental sodium 25 mg/ml (Pentothal; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL) at a dose of 10 mg/kg and atropine (Kabi Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden) at a dose of 0.5 mg were given intravenously before tracheostomy (no. 8.5 tube). Anesthesia and muscle relaxation were maintained with a continuous infusion of fentanyl at a dose of 0.1 mg/hour (50 μg/ml; Leptanal, Janssen Cilag) and pancuronium bromide (2 mg/ml; Pavulon, Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands), given at a rate of 0.1 mg/kg per hour. The animals were ventilated with a Siemens Servoventilator 900 (Siemens-Elema AB, Stockholm, Sweden). A volume controlled, pressure regulated ventilation of 10 L/min (20 breaths per min; positive end-expiratory pressure 8 cm H2O; inspired oxygen fraction, 0.5) with 1–2% isoflurane (Abbott Scandinavia, Stockholm, Sweden) was used.\n\nA Foley catheter was inserted into the urinary bladder by means of a suprapubic cystostomy. A right neck incision was made and an arterial line introduced into the right carotid artery and connected to a pressure transducer (Ohmeda 1DT 1Rose, Murray Hill, NJ) to monitor the proximal arterial pressure. A right femoral incision was made to expose the femoral artery, and an arterial line was established and connected to a pressure transducer to monitor the distal arterial pressure. A Doppler flow transducer was connected to the right femoral artery (Transonic T201, Ithaca, NY) to measure the femoral artery flow. The left carotid artery was exposed by means of a left neck incision, and a flow transducer was connected to the artery to measure the carotid flow (Transonic T201). A left sided lumbar incision was made, the left renal vein was exposed, and a Doppler probe (Transonic T201) was connected to measure renal blood flow. Recordings of femoral and renal blood flow and femoral pressure were followed when the animal was on the support device.\n\nA sternotomy was performed, the heart was exposed, and the pulmonary trunk was dissected free; a flow transducer (Transonic) was connected to the pulmonary artery to enable continuous measurement of cardiac output of the healthy animal. The proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) was dissected and equipped with a flow transducer (Transonic).\n\nThe LAP was measured with a catheter through the left atrial appendage, and the left ventricular pressure (LVP) was measured by means of a line through the ventricular wall. The right heart was similarly equipped, with the right atrial pressure measured by means of a catheter through the right atrial appendage and the right ventricular pressure measured by means of a catheter through the anterior ventricular wall. The pressure in the pulmonary artery was measured with a line into the vessel.\n\nFailure Model\n\nThe present heart failure model is based on the negative inotropic effect of pharmacologic agents with well known cardiodepressive effects. We used a combination of a beta-blocker and a calcium antagonist. Metoprolol, 10–25 mg (mean, 17.3 ± 4.8 mg), was administered intravenously as a bolus dose to block the beta-receptor system (Seloken 1 mg/ml Hässle, Göteborg, Sweden). Then 5–10 mg (mean, 7.5 ± 3.5 mg) of verapamil (Isoptin, 2.5 mg/ml Knoll, Germany) were given as a bolus dose followed by a continuous infusion of 10–20 mg/hr (mean, 14.3 ± 5.3 mg/hr) during the test. The doses were empirically chosen. The effect of the beta-blocker appeared immediately after the first injection of 5 mg of metoprolol, with a reduction in heart rate and blood pressure. Increasing the metoprolol to more than 20 mg did not have any obvious additional effect. Verapamil was then given in normal human doses as a bolus, followed by a continuous intravenous infusion. The combination of these two drugs causes biventricular depression, and to compensate for the right sided depression, a centrifugal pump was used to bypass the right ventricle. The line into the pump was a two-stage catheter inserted into the right atrial appendage and inferior caval vein, draining both the upper and the lower caval veins. The outflow line was inserted into the pulmonary trunk (Figure 1). To avoid competitive flow from the right ventricle and through the pulmonary valve, a tourniquet was tightened around the pulmonary artery, with the outflow cannula inside during the tests. Therefore, the entire minute volume was restricted to the centrifugal pump.\n\nFigure 1\nFigure 1:\nA schematic view of the right ventricular bypass used in the heart failure model. The inflow cannula of the centrifugal pump was inserted by means of the upper caval vein into the right atrium, ending in the lower caval vein, and with the outflow cannula inserted into the pulmonary artery.\n\nA special centrifugal pump was chosen (Rota-Flow, Jostra GmbH, Hechingen, Germany) that has the advantage that any flow rate can be chosen and fixed regardless of the afterload. The rationale was that substitution of a pump for the failing right ventricle would cause volume overload in the left ventricle and backward congestion. As a part of this congestion, the left atrial pressure was expected to increase. The goal was to achieve a left atrial pressure above 20 mm Hg, a value often observed in acute pulmonary edema.\n\nBecause the combination of beta-blocker and verapamil is known to produce arteriovenous blockade, a VVI pacemaker was used to control the heart rhythm. The minute volume was measured using two different methods: in the healthy animals, with a Transonic transducer on the pulmonary artery, and in the failure model, through the centrifugal pump. A comparison of the two systems was performed in a loop.\n\nThe loop consisted of a 12 mm tube starting at the outflow and ending at the inflow cannula of the centrifugal pump. The mid-part of the tube, however, was replaced by a thin walled polyurethane tube with an internal diameter of 17–18 mm to mimic the pulmonary trunk where the Transonic transducer was placed. The loop was filled with blood, and parallel measurements with different volume flows were performed. The measured differences were small (< 5%), and corrections were, therefore, omitted in the calculations (Figure 2).\n\nFigure 2\nFigure 2:\nComparison between the flow measured by the centrifugal pump and the Transonic transducer. There is excellent agreement between the measurements; difference in the measurements was <5% in the actual range, R2 = 0.99 and y = 0.0179 + 0.922.\n\nCalculations of Heart Work\n\nThe left ventricular heart work is traditionally calculated as the work performed in 1 minute (left ventricular minute work –LVMW) and is expressed in kg × m/min and calculated according to the equation 18,19:MATHwhere MAP is the mean arterial pressure in mm Hg, LAP is the mean left atrial pressure in mm Hg, CO is cardiac output in L/min, and 0.0136 is the converting factor for mm Hg. According to the SI system, this is more correctly expressed in newton-meters or joules:MATH where 9.81 is the gravitational constant.\n\nThe mean hydraulic performance of the left ventricle in a minute can be expressed as left ventricular hydraulic performance (LVHP) in watts according to the following equation:MATHwhere 60 represents the seconds in a minute.\n\nExample: The hydraulic performance of the left ventricle with a mean pressure gradient of 100 mm Hg (MAP − LAP) and a cardiac output of 5 L/min is:MATH\n\nData Collection and Statistics\n\nThe hemodynamic values were collected after instrumentation of the animals at baseline after a stabilization period of 15 minutes and a minimum of 10 minutes after induced failure. Hemodynamics were defined as stable when the LAP remained within ± 2 mm during 3 minutes of measurement. Data were collected digitally at 200 Hz, and mean values were calculated every 5 seconds. After the stabilizing period, mean values over a period of 3 minutes at baseline and in failure were collected. The data are expressed as mean values with one standard deviation. To compare the difference between the two conditions, a paired Student’s t-test was applied and regression analysis was done with Pearson’s correlation method. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and the analyses were performed with commercial software (Microsoft Excel and Lotus 1–2-3).\n\n\nThe measured hemodynamic results are listed in Table 1. We compared the values at baseline with those after induced heart failure. There was no significant change in heart rate (96 ± 23 to 111 ± 21 beats/min;p = 0.24), or significant change in cardiac output: from 4.0 ± 0.8 compared with 3.5 ± 0.5 L/min in failure (p = 0.25). The LAP rose from 5 ± 3 to 25 ± 4 mm Hg (p < 0.001) (Figure 3), and the mean diastolic LV pressure rose from 2 ± 3 to 17 ± 7 mm Hg (p = 0.003). Mean pressure in the pulmonary artery rose from 17 ± 7 to 33 ± 5 mm Hg (p < 0.001), despite a nonsignificant decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance from 242 (± 81) to 172 (± 76) dynes × sec × cm−5 (p = 0.065). Table 2 displays the left ventricular hydraulic performance of each animal, which was reduced from 0.82 ± 0.27 to 0.43 ± 0.13 watts, whereas the corresponding left ventricular minute work was reduced from 5.0 ± 1.7 kg × m/min at baseline to 2.6 ± 0.8 kg × m/min in the failure condition (p = 0.001 for both).\n\nTable 1\nTable 1:\nComparison of Hemodynamic Measurements at Baseline and in Failure\nFigure 3\nFigure 3:\nRelationship between left atrial pressure and minute volume. The lower cluster shows the individual healthy animals (squares), and the upper cluster (triangles) shows the animals after induction of heart failure. Basal mean minute volume, 4 ± 0.8; in failure, 3.5 ± 0.4 L/min. Basal left atrial pressure,5 ± 3; in failure, 25 ± 4 mm Hg. The lines show the change for the individual animals.\nTable 2\nTable 2:\nLeft Ventricular Hydraulic Performance of Each Animal\n\n\nWe have developed a model of isolated left ventricular heart failure in calves to test a left ventricular support system. The basic principle is to induce biventricular failure with drugs and a pacemaker and to bypass the right ventricle to achieve volume overload of the left ventricle. We have chosen two different drugs, a calcium antagonist and a beta-blocker, in combination with a VVI pacemaker. Other agents with a negative inotropic effect could also be used. Esmolol, a short acting beta-blocker, has been used in beating heart surgery to reduce the heart rate and make the ventricles more flaccid. 15,16\n\nThe pacemaker was primarily used to counteract the arteriovenous blockade that occurred in most of the animals. In some cases, the tube to the centrifugal pump collapsed due to negative pressure, preventing us from achieving a LAP equal to or above 20 mm Hg only by increasing the volume flow. In these cases, rapid ventricular pacing enabled us to obtain the desired increase in LAP. However, a systematic assessment of the contribution of the pacemaker to the rise in LAP was not done. Despite regular VVI pacing, the intraventricular pressure curves became more chaotic and some showed a tendency toward an alternans phenomenon. 20\n\nHeart work at baseline and in failure was expressed as hydraulic performance in watts. A comparison of the heart work as stroke work (g × m/beat) would entail a comparison of the stroke work in sinus rhythm with paced beats under a more irregular LV pressure in failure. The pressure curves varied from beat to beat and probably included nonejecting ventricular contractions. Therefore, it was not considered meaningful to use the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in failure compared with baseline in calculation of heart work. However, the rise in mean left ventricular diastolic pressure from 1.9 to 17 mm Hg (p = 0.003) may indicate an increased filling pressure and, in one animal with a stable sinus rhythm in failure, a clear increase in LVDP was observed (Figure 4).\n\nFigure 4\nFigure 4:\nLeft ventricular pressure tracing in animal 1. The left side of the diagram shows the pressure at baseline, and the right side shows the increased left ventricular end diastolic pressure in failure.\n\nWe did not measure the size of the left ventricle during the procedure, but increased filling pressures will entail an increase in the left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) as a compensation for the drug-induced negative inotropic effect by means of the Frank-Starling mechanism.\n\nThe left ventricular hydraulic performance describes the total external work of the left ventricle regardless of the rhythm and is an objective description of the power of the heart. Hydraulic performance in watts is also commonly used to describe the power of a mechanical cardiac assist device, and applying this concept to heart work makes it feasible to estimate the contribution of an assist device to the circulation.\n\nDespite the small and nonsignificant reduction in cardiac output, calculations of left ventricular mechanical work revealed a substantial reduction in hydraulic performance from 0.82 at baseline to 0.43 watts in failure, mainly due to the reduced mean arterial and increased left atrial pressures (Table 1).\n\nOur goal of creating a left ventricular heart failure model with an LAP above 20 mm Hg was accomplished. The increased pressure in the pulmonary artery distal to the tourniquet indicates a backward pulmonary congestion, as the pulmonary vascular resistance remained virtually unchanged.\n\nThe tourniquet around the pulmonary trunk allowed no outlet for the right ventricle, which explains the increased pressure developed in the right ventricle. Hence, the pressures are generated by a nonejecting right ventricle and, therefore, represent an isovolumic pressure generation, provided that no tricuspid regurgitation occurred. It is difficult to judge how long an animal can be kept stable with this model, but a longer period is conceivable, because the procedure causes no damage to the myocardium except for the instrumentation of the heart.\n\nIn conclusion, with negative inotropic agents, a circulatory pump, and pacemaker, it is possible to create a left ventricular failure model useful for performing short-term hemodynamic studies. The model has several advantages: ischemic procedures to bring about the heart failure are avoided, a pure left ventricular failure is accomplished, and the right ventricular bypass is adjustable, making it possible to obtain the desired level of filling pressure of the left ventricle. In this setting, it would be possible to perform acute hemodynamic studies of a cardiac assist device. As expected, long-term effect of a support device will always be based on its acute hemodynamic effect, and this is probably best examined before an adaptation to the support system has developed.\n\n\n1. Butler KC, Dow JJ, Litwak P, Kormos RL, Borovetz HS: Development of the Nimbus/University of Pittsburgh innovative ventricular assist system. Ann Thorac Surg 68: 790–794, 1999.\n2. Fossum TW, Morley D, Benkowski R, et al: Chronic survival of calves implanted with the DeBakey ventricular assist device. Artif Organs 23: 802–806, 1999.\n3. Marlinski E, Jacobs G, Deirmengian C, Jarvik R: Durability testing of components for the Jarvik 2000 completely implantable axial flow left ventricular assist device. ASAIO J 44: M741–M744, 1998.\n4. Rakhorst G, van der Meer J, Kik C, et al: Biological evaluation of mechanical circulatory support systems in calves. Int J Artif Organs 19: 472–476, 1996.\n5. Harasaki H, Fukamachi K, Benavides M, Manos J, Wika K, Massiello A: A comprehensive hematologic study in calves with total artificial hearts. ASAIO J 41: M266–M271, 1995.\n6. Reitan O, Ohlin H, Peterzén B, Granfeldt H, Steen S, Emanuelsson H: Initial tests with a new cardiac assist device. ASAIO J 45: 317–321, 1999.\n7. Reitan O, Sternby J, Öhlin H: Hydrodynamic properties of a new percutaneous intra aortic axial flow pump. ASAIO J 46: 323–329, 2000.\n8. Nakazawa T, Shiono M, Inoue T, Orime Y, Shindo S, Sezai Y: Preliminary experimental study about the feasibility of combining pulsatile cardiopulmonary support system and a membrane oxygenator. Int J Artif Organs 19: 597–604, 1996.\n9. Kovacs SG, Reynolds DG, McKeown PP, et al: A magnetically actuated left ventricular assist device. ASAIO J 38: 38–46, 1992.\n10. Shiiya N, Zelinsky R, Deleuze PH, Loisance DY: Effects of Hemopump support on left ventricular unloading and coronary blood flow. ASAIO Trans 37: M361–M362, 1991.\n11. Risoe C, Hall C, Smiseth OA: Blood volume changes in liver and spleen during cardiogenic shock in dogs. Am J Physiol 261 (Pt 2): H1763–H1768, 1991.\n12. Grund F, Sommerschild HT, Lyberg T, Kirkeboen KA, Ilebekk A: Microembolization in pigs: Effects on coronary blood flow and myocardial ischemic tolerance. Am J Physiol 277: H533–H542, 1999.\n13. Scholz KH, Hering JP, Schroder T, et al: Protective effects of the Hemopump left ventricular assist device in experimental cardiogenic shock. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 6: 209–214, 1992.\n14. Schmidt C, Schwendenwein I, Wieselthaler G, et al: Pharmacologically induced heart failure for the evaluation of circulatory assistance. Artif Organs 20: 685–688, 1996.\n15. Casimir-Ahn H, Lonn U, Peterzen B: Clinical use of the Hemopump cardiac assist system for circulatory support. Ann Thorac Surg 59 (Suppl 2): S39–S45, 1995.\n16. Lonn U, Peterzen B, Granfeldt H, Casimir-Ahn H: Coronary artery operation with support of the Hemopump cardiac assist system. Ann Thorac Surg 58: 519–522, 1994; discussion 523.\n17. Braunwald E: Heart Disease. A Textbook of Cardiavascular Medicine, 5th edition. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1997, pp. 67, 1411.\n18. Swanton RH: Cardiology. 3rd edition. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1994, pp. 561–562.\n19. Vij D, Babcock R, Magilligan DJ: A simplified concept of complete physiological monitoring of the critically ill patient. Heart Lung 10: 75–82, 1981.\n20. Baller D, Hoeft A, Korb H, Wolpers HG, Zipfel J, Hellige G: Basic physiological studies on cardiac pacing with special reference to the optimal mode and rate after cardiac surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 29: 168–173, 1981.\nCopyright © 2002 by the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6517393589019775}
+{"content": "Think, Make, Try: Everyday Engineering\n\nThink, Make, Try: Background for Educators\n\nLearn about the Engineering Design Process, Think, Make, Try, to get ready to tackle some design challenges!\n\nWhat is the Engineering Design Process?   \n\nThe Engineering Design Process is a method engineers use to identify problems, come up with multiple ideas for solving problems, test out ideas, build prototypes or models and test them out, evaluate how they worked, and make any needed changes. The key to this process is that it is a cycle of testing, revising, and trying again. At the Bay Area Discovery Museum, we’ve created an engineering design process perfect for young learners. We call it Think, Make, Try. Engineers can use Think, Make, Try to solve creative challenges, test out new ideas, and arrive at innovative solutions.  Each step of Think, Make, Try is distinct and occurs in an ongoing cycle.   \n\nThink about the problem \n\nDuring the Think phase of the engineering design process, children learn about and consider a problem before them. Before proposing a potential solution, they may try to understand different aspects of the problem or empathize with a potential end-user. Then, they’ll come up with ideas for a solution, select the materials they’ll want to use as they move toward creating their solution, and can sketch a design of their plans. This step emphasizes the importance of thinking and planning ahead; adults and teachers should encourage children to explain their ideas by asking questions or allowing time for peers to converse with each other. \n\n  • Students start by identifying and articulating their understanding of a problem. Allowing students to be problem solvers develops their empathy and desire to be helpful, helps them learn responsibility, and shows that you value their ideas.\n  • Once students have built a solid understanding of a problem, they begin brainstorming solutions. Encourage students to imagine many different ways they can solve the problem, before selecting one solution to work on. Ask students to sketch their design to communicate their ideas.   \n\nMake a prototype \n\nThe Make phase of the engineering design process is especially exciting to children, because it allows them to bring their ideas to life in a hands-on way. Each child can combine materials in a different way to build a prototype of the solution they planned out during the Think phase. There are no right or wrong answers, but it can be helpful for children to compare their work to that of their peers and to have conversations about the choices they made and opportunities to point out specific features of their creations.  Making a prototype is a hands-on, child-directed opportunity for students to see their own ideas come to fruition. Students should compare and contrast their designs with other students, providing opportunities for language development and collaboration.\n\n  • This is also a space for students to explore and compare properties of many different materials. Having a variety of everyday and novel materials allows students to try many options and inspires their creativity. See the \"Materials Scavenger Hunt\" document for ideas.   \n\nTry and retry \n\nIn the Try phase of the engineering design process, children can test out the prototypes they made to see if they address the original problem in the way that they anticipated. During this phase, children are testing out their hypothesis to determine what works and what doesn’t. Most likely, they’ll find that some aspects of their design work as expected, while others are less successful and they’ll want to refine their ideas and make improvements. This naturally leads them back to the Think phase, which starts the process all over again.  \"Try and retry” means that students are able to test their hypotheses, make inferences, and compare and contrast their design solutions. Encourage students to iterate as many times as needed to continue improving their designs, even if their designs “succeed” on their first try.\n\n  • This step can be the most difficult for students, especially those who are not comfortable with the idea of failure. Encourage students to seek help from and support other students in improving their designs. You can also provide scaffolding for students by posing open-ended questions like “What worked or didn’t work, and why?” or “How will you change your design to make it even better?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999690592288971}
+{"content": "A Guide To Finance Brokerage Firms\n\nFinance brokerage corporations, like other financial establishments, provide varied varieties of providers. They assist both the borrowers and the lenders to find appropriate options to keep away from loss or to place a cease to defaults. The shoppers of finance brokerage corporations embody borrowers and lenders who wish to take the complete benefit of any help supplied by the firm.\n\nIf you have any kind of questions relating to exactly where and also how to make use of https://www.wheeliegoodfinance.co.uk, it is possible to e mail us with the website.\n\nFinance brokers should have a sound information of the character of loans, which could be very confusing for a lot of potential shoppers. They should also possess adequate data about varied other types of monetary transactions. They should perceive the basic concepts and the intricacies of monetary affairs. They should due to this fact possess nicely-informed opinion on the topic of loans.\n\nA specialist should know the significance of keeping up with the modifications in the corporate’s capacity to find finance. All the companies require an entirely different sort of approach to a sure difficulty. A properly trained particular person ought to have the ability to recommend different ways to beat issues.\n\nThey should even have a high level of skill in relation to the products and services that are offered by the organization. They should be prepared to offer recommendation as and when required. The person ought to even be able to provide instantaneous recommendation to customers.\n\nThe finance expert should also be able to research and talk the data that the company offers to its clients. He should have complete understanding of the company’s procedures and policies. They needs to be accustomed to the present charge of curiosity and likewise know how to determine the parameters to help their clients resolve which kind of mortgage or settlement is suitable for them.\n\nThey need to also be able to referring different enterprise opportunities to the company. They must be able to clarify the process of choosing the services or products that is true for a consumer. He should be in a position to provide steerage in regards to the steps which might be involved in completing these plans.\n\nFinance brokerage companies often deal with a wide range of consumers. They embody these that have gone bankrupt and people that have filed for bankruptcy and also those that are still dealing with repossession circumstances. The agency has an excellent understanding of the industry and is able to find a method to work with a selection of shoppers.\n\nEarlier than being employed by a brokerage firm, they should be in a position to point out basic info and paperwork about them. This can assist them to achieve credibility with the purchasers. A lot of the brokerage corporations will ask their candidates to submit relevant papers before they’re allowed to work for them.\n\nThis is in order that they can verify the information that they’ve supplied and in addition to help them to sort out any contradictions in their claims. The candidate have to be ready to provide sound recommendation on each case. These individuals should even be able to supply detailed explanations about the related points of the matter.\n\nThe professionals ought to be well-versed in dealing with all kinds of purchasers. They need to be capable of convince the shopper and persuade him to take the correct resolution. They must be in a position to assist their shoppers to seek out solutions to their issues.\n\nThey also needs to be capable of formulate a marketing strategy that works in direction of attaining the best results. They should be capable to answer the query of the clients about their enterprise and the way through which they are in search of to sort out the scenario. They ought to be able to know the varied features of the state of affairs and be able to current solutions that can be implemented efficiently in the specific scenario.\n\nThe firm ought to be capable to fulfill the needs of its client. It ought to listen to the consumer’s necessities and should also be able to see issues from his viewpoint. It should be able to help him understand the scenario higher.\n\nIf you cherished this posting and you would like to get extra details pertaining to learn more kindly pay a visit to our page.\n\nMuch more strategies from encouraged editors:\n\nNavigate to this site\n\njust click the next article\n\nher explanation\n\nlinked site", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6495041847229004}
+{"content": "Fifty Years of Minocycline and Its Evolution: A Dermatological Perspective\n\n2021 is the 50th anniversary of the FDA approval of minocycline (MCN). While many other antibiotics have become obsolete during this time, MCN continues to be quite useful. In dermatology, MCN is used prominently in acne vulgaris, and is also employed in many other dermatological conditions because of its molecular and pharmacological properties. In this article, we review the history of minocycline, and outline the evolution of the drug since its inception. Based on its existing longstanding utility and continued innovations in formulation and delivery systems, we postulate that it will continue to have a prominent position in the dermatologist’s armamentarium.\n\n\nThis year, 2021, is the 50th anniversary since the 1971 FDA approval of minocycline (MCN) and its introduction into the dermatologist’s toolbox. Over those same 50 years, multiple antibiotics have proceeded from auspicious launch to functional obsolescence,1 while MCN continues to be an integral dermatological therapeutic. Its inherent favorable molecular characteristics and pharmacokinetics have been complemented by an evolution of incremental improvements in dosing, formulation, and delivery systems that have led to its ongoing, longstanding utility. Whereas it was originally approved for systemic infections such as pneumonia and those of the genitourinary tract,2 in dermatology MCN has been employed for a whole host of cutaneous conditions ranging from rosacea to confluent and reticulated papillomatosis,3central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia,4 pyoderma gangrenosum,5 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,6,7and many others. Most notably however, its lipophilicity as well as anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties has made it particularly suitable for the predominant therapeutic use in dermatology, acne vulgaris.\n\nThe Tetracycline Class of Antibiotics\nTetracycline (TCN) itself was discovered in the 1940’s, and FDA-approved in 1953. Although effective in the treatment of acne, TCN required frequent (QID) dosing, and had a prominent side effect profile, including common gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances, and photosensitivity. Also, it was vulnerable to antibiotic resistance, and therefore is no longer a standard treatment option. The TCN derivatives: doxycycline (1967), minocycline (1971), and sarecycline (2018), were chemically adapted (primarily via modifications on carbons 7–9 on the D ring) to reduce side effects and provide additional therapeutic benefits.8-10\n\nThese derivatives share common mechanisms of action in the treatment of acne. They are transported into bacterial cells where they bind to the 30S unit of the ribosome, and subsequently inhibit protein synthesis, thereby suppressing the proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes. A Gram-positive anaerobic rod, C. acnes, is the primary bacterium in acne vulgaris.11-14 In addition to its antibacterial action, the TCN class also exhibits a variety of anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown to suppress neutrophil chemotaxis, inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β, reduce C. acnes lipase enzymes, decrease matrix metalloproteinases, and reduce arachidonic acid metabolites.15,16 These anti-inflammatory actions may be particularly important considering increasing evidence that acne is primarily an inflammatory disorder with inflammation preceding the development of clinically recognizable lesions.17,18\n\nTogether, the TCN class makes up approximately three-quarters of all antibiotics prescribed in dermatology.19 The class is considered first-line for acne except where it is contraindicated,20 whereas the macrolides and trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole are secondary alternatives.20,21 Hydrophilic antibiotics such as penicillin and the cephalosporins are thought to be less effective because a lack of lipophilicity prevents adequate distribution into the pilosebaceous unit,22although there is limited evidence showing some efficacy.23\n\nAlthough oral antibiotics are highly effective in the treatment of acne, concerns regarding their overuse contributing to the global incidence of antibiotic resistance are valid. Responsible use of the TCN agents includes: limiting indiscriminate and long term use, having an exit strategy, and concomitant use of a topical agent such as benzoyl peroxide (BP) to optimize therapeutic efficacy and help prevent C. acnes resistance.19,24Oral antibiotics are not to be used as monotherapy in acne vulgaris,20,25 and the addition of topicals such as a retinoid or retinoid plus BP may help to successfully limit antibiotic use to 3–4 months or less.20\n\nAmong the TCN derivatives with available clinical trials and data, there is no evidence of clinical superiority of one drug over the other. However, there is considerable difference between the agents in terms of tolerability and safety, development of resistance, delivery systems, and administration recommendations. Knowledge of all these agents is required to make the best choice for each individual patient.\n\nDoxycycline was the first TCN derivative to come to market in 1967 and is most commonly prescribed for acne vulgaris. Relative to TCN, it is more lipophilic and better able to penetrate and accumulate in the sebaceous glands. It is available in two formulations that are both salt forms of the same drug: hyclate and monohydrate. In general, doxycycline hyclate is more likely to cause GI side effects, but these effects can be mitigated by buffering.26,27 Doxycycline is dosed once or twice daily, and absorption is decreased by co-administration with food (especially dairy), although the clinical significance of this characteristic in acne is unknown.28\n\nThe side effect profile of doxycycline is improved compared to its parent TCN. However, there are still several potential adverse reactions, most of which can be minimized with proper precautions. GI distress is common, but is lessened with buffered formulations, delayed-release formulations, and administration with food. Pill esophagitis can be avoided by taking with a large glass of water and remaining in the upright position for 30–60 minutes.29 Photosensitivity is common, particularly with higher daily doses, but is preventable with the use of photoprotection.\n\nNew to the TCN class is sarecycline, which was approved by the FDA in 2018 for the treatment of inflammatory lesions of non-nodular moderate to severe acne vulgaris.30 Compared to minocycline and doxycycline, sarecycline has been shown to have 16–32 fold less activity against anaerobic gram-negative gut flora including E. coli, K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae.32 As a result, it may cause less emergence of antibiotic resistance than other tetracyclines.31 Recently, it was shown that C. acnesstrains displayed a low propensity for the development of resistance to sarecycline, with spontaneous mutation frequency being 10-10 at 4–8 X MIC. The clinical relevance of this finding has yet to be explored.32\n\nSarecycline is weight-based, aiming for 1.5 mg/kg/day. It is dosed once daily, can be taken with or without food, and is the only oral tetracycline derivative FDA-approved down to 9 years of age. In its clinical trials, GI side effects were uncommon, and photosensitivity, drug hypersensitivity syndromes, and esophagitis were not reported.31,32 It must be noted, however, that the drug is in its infancy compared to the other TCN derivatives.\n\n7-dimethylamino-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline (MCN)35 is a semi-synthetic, second-generation of the TCN class,36 and is the most lipophilic of the TCN derivatives.37 This lipophilicity affords high concentrations within the lipid-filled pilosebaceous unit, the anatomical location for acne pathophysiology.20 In addition to being strongly anti-microbial against C. acnes, numerous anti-inflammatory mechanisms address the inflammatory nature of the disease.38,39 These mechanisms include reducing lipid peroxidation and proinflammatory cytokines, decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis, and resulting reactive oxygen species, inhibition of phospholipase A2 and subsequent arachidonic acid metabolites, as well as suppressing matrix metalloproteinases and nitric oxide.16,40-42\n\nMCN has a long half-life, and excellent absorption that is not substantially impaired by food (dairy included).28 It is dosed once daily, with or without meals. These two factors may increase the likelihood of compliance in acne vulgaris, a disease whose treatment is commonly fraught with adherence difficulties.43   Continue reading on JDD online\n\n\nBaldwin, H. E. & Ward D. B., (2021). Fifty Years of Minocycline and Its Evolution: A Dermatological Perspective. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD, 20(10), 1031-1036.\n\n\nAdapted from original article for length and style.\n\nDid you enjoy this article? Find more on Medical Dermatology here.\n\n© 2013-2021 Journal of Drugs in Dermatology. All Rights Reserved.\n\nEnjoy this blog? Please spread the word :)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.916490375995636}
+{"content": "OKR v/s SMART Goals\n\nOKR v/s SMART Goals\n\nWhy is goal-setting important?\n\nFurthermore, why is following the perfect method for setting your goals necessary?\n\nA manager usually comes across these questions, every now and then. Goals give you a clear direction and motivation, above all, it clears ambiguity.\n\nThe responsibility of setting goals is considered as one of the most crucial one in any organization.\n\nEvery goal you set for your firm should be quantifiable and impact-driven. Think of the destination, road-map, and the bigger picture while setting them.\n\nThere are many ways to set goals.\n\nBut, the method you follow makes all the difference. The traditional top-down approach of goal-setting often lacks agility and alignment and makes work a burden for employees.\n\nIn this modern yet sophisticated business environment, it is important that your team is outcome driven and not loaded with a lot of work.\n\nToday's rapidly growing environment demands operational excellence and not just smart work. So an ideal goal setting process to execute your strategies is very important for any organization.\n\nBy now, your manager would have mentioned the technique SMART Goals to define their goals, but is this process the one that fits your organization?\n\nIn this blog, we will figure out how OKRs - a widely accepted goal-management framework is different from SMART goals.\n\nWhat are Smart Goals?\n\nThe word SMART is an acronym for the fundamentals followed in this goal setting process. S-Specific, M-Measurable, A-Achievable, R-Relevant, and T-Time-bound.\n\nThe acronym may have variations, but its essence stays the same.\n\nThis traditional goal setting process is often used by the managers to emphasis on a clear definition of their goals. SMART goals set the criteria for goal creation while following the rigid structure of its name.\n\nSpecific - Your goals should not be ambiguous of direction, make sure they provide clear direction.\n\nMeasurable - This criterion focuses on how every goal should yield quantifiable results.\n\nAchievable - The goals you set must be realistic, eliminating the chances of failure.\n\nRelevant - The relevance of the goal with the organizational goal is important to attain fruitful outcomes.\n\nTime-bound - Any goal should have a deadline to review the progress of the target, whether there is any traction or is it hanging in silos.\n\nExamples of SMART Goals\n\nIncrease engagement by 20% on the website till September\n\nExplanation: This goal suffices all the criteria of SMART goals. Increase engagement states the purpose, and 20% states the metrics. Since 20 isn't a big number, this can be considered achievable.\n\nWeb traffic also drives users for the products, hence ticking off relevance in the bigger picture.\n\nIn 2019, increase market share by 10% in India for product-line X.\n\nExplanation: The product line X should have a particular market share by the end of 2019. Hence the entire team is working towards the given geographic area, making the goal specific and time bound. The target set here is realistic but fails to provide the role in the bigger picture of product line X.\n\nWhat lacks in the above examples is how to achieve this SMART goal.\n\nLet's take a look at some OKRs Examples.\n\nWhat is OKR?\n\nOKR is another acronym which is used for goal-setting frameworks. OKR stands for Objective and Key Results, a management tool which helps you break down your strategy and execution in two components. Objective - the plan you idealized and Key Results - to execute the Objective.\n\nThe Objective is the goal, and it has a set of 2-3 Key Results, which measures the success of any set Objective. The OKRs are ambitious, qualitative goals which are packed with the caution of failing with deliverables. This is because the tasks are set higher than employee's threshold potential.\n\nExamples of OKR\n\nObjective: Boost engagement on social media\n\nKR1: 50 comments on LinkedIn posts\n\nKR2: 2x increase in blog reads via Facebook\n\nKR3: 10k views on YouTube\n\nExplanation: The Objective has a broad spectrum in this OKR; engagement can be relevant to any Social Media Platform. If you want your team to have a clear direction, make sure the Objective is informative. The KRs listed have three different platforms for the same brand. The second KR again is a comparison, the numbers need to be defined better.\n\nObjective: Increase market share for product X\n\nKR1: Get 50 users monthly with a referral program\n\nKR2: Acquire 200 users periodically via offline campaigns\n\nKR3: Acquire 50% customer-base of product Y; use innovation\n\nExplanation: The KRs here are dedicated to acquiring a particular market share for a product X. The first 2 KRs are strategies to gain new customers, while the third one is an aspirational KR which involves innovation.\n\nThe Objective here is clearly defined, and hence KR are aligned towards achieving it within the span mentioned in KRs.\n\nIs SMART Goal just like OKR?\n\nSMART goals and OKR both have few things in common, apart from being acronyms.\n\nBoth of these goal setting processes share the same priority for direction, adds a metric to define success and fixes rules and timelines for execution.\n\nThese frameworks date back to the days of Peter Drucker and MBO. But, since then, various organizations have refined the functionality of these tools according to what works best for them.\n\nA goal setting framework is presumed to align company goals with individual objectives and provide precision and unified direction to work towards. SMART has a different take on this, it's structure is wired to work in isolation.\n\nThough it is specific, it doesn't set goals for an entire enterprise like OKRs. OKRs follow a hierarchy of company-wide departments while structuring the goals, it functions both Bottom-up and Top-down.\n\nOKRs are widely approached for their ambitious nature and acceptance for failure. On the other hand, SMART sets attainable goals, leaving no scope for risks and failure. Furthermore, advocating communication and cross-functional collaborations, OKRs take a step forward from SMART in contributing transparency at organizations.\n\nWhere SMART goals end, OKRs take charge.\n\nWhich one to work with - SMART Goal or OKR?\n\nSMART goals are a fun set of rules when you want to define your goals, and they're worth to the team. But without challenging limits, growth remains stable.\n\nIt also restricts the area to experiment by attaching the attainable attribute to it, making sure that employees would definitely achieve the goal.\n\nOKRs are meant to be flexible. The focus on aspirational goals induces aspirational thinking, while exponentially raising the employee potential. They also secure the alignment of the entire organization and improves cross-functional communication.\n\nIf you want to set big goals for an individual, choosing SMART goals can be an alternative. But if you have various functional levels in an organizational context, OKR gives clarity to your company-wide goals.\n\nHow about using a tool for OKR? Pre-sign up for OKR Board - A tool to make your OKR Setting Process Smooth and Clutter Free.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9624831080436707}
+{"content": "Custom «Tragedy» Essay Paper Sample\n\n\n1)  Tragedy: As I understand It\n\nAn archetype refers to a model or prototype from which all behaviors actions and other things of the same likeness are copied. An archetype will mostly refer to people who hold positions or importance or influential people. They are mostly virtuous people. Archetypes can be traced to as early as the days of Plato whereby some of his ideas are thought to be archetypical. William Shakespeare created many archetypes in his works of art some of whom include; Romeo and Juliet, Falstaff, and many others. A tragic hero is a character who despite their best effort of good deeds is doomed to fail. A tragic hero is usually a protagonist but sometimes can be an antagonist. According to Aristotle, an individual cannot be a hero until the person is able to see the root cause of his downfall.\n\nIn the popular film star wars, Anakin Skywalker also known as Darth Vader could be considered a tragic hero. He is the main character of the film and appears as a protagonist in the prequels. Skywalker saved his master several times, he also helped win the war but his down fall or flaw came when he grew the fear of losing those he cared about. He therefore tried to prevent it from ever happening and in the process; the fear that resulted to hunger for power turned him into a black knight.\n\nI have always thought of myself as an archetype. These thoughts have always come from my fictitious hero prad who is a supernatural being but embodied as a guard in a volatile street where crime and murder normally occur. Prad’s weakness however is that though he is immortal, he cannot take more than three bullets (he will perish if he does) in his lifetime and has already been shot at twice. His flaw is that he can’t watch someone get attacked, he has to save the person and has done so a number of times. His death is therefore almost inevitable and it is bound to happen soon.\n\n2)  Me, Myself and Fate\n\nFate can be described as a destiny or an end to whatever we do or our actions. Fate normally affects events in our lives and in one way or another defines how our lives will be. Destiny and fate would mean the same things in our lives at some instances while in others they are totally different things. We might think of destiny in terms of our career or success in life. Thus one may decide as a child to one day become a doctor, a pilot or a performing artist and work towards this goal and achieve it. This means that destiny is achievable and we can easily determine our destiny and forge our path towards that destiny. Fate on the other hand is almost impossible to control.  In as much as we might set goals to achieve certain things in our lives or reach a given platform, various natural factors may come along the way that might act as constraints to us achieving these goals. An accident might occur along the way, or someone might totally fail to have the finances to help the person achieve particular goal. Fate is therefore not easy to control and might prove to be a setback to us achieving our goals. Fate might at the same time ensure that something that was meant to happen will actually happen no matter what we do. Fate just like fatality or death is something that must be fulfilled. We are sure that one day we will die and we can’t just go around death but have to confront it no matter when or how it comes.\n\nHurry up! Limited time offer\n\n\n\nUse discount code\n\nOrder now\n\nEven though fate plays a major role in defining my life, I believe that my actions are more important in determining who I am and whom I intend to be. I can’t just sit back and say that this is what fate has destined for me and that there is nothing I can do about it. In any case, fate affects each and every one’s life and it is our different actions that define who we are and who we intend to be. However I can say that fate has played a huge role in my life, and contributed to what I am today and why I am in this institution. Had I not been taught by that language teacher, or the math teacher at elementary level, I would have loved one subject or course to another. What I might become in future might be determined by my decisions, effort and passion but fate still plays a major role in influencing my decisions. I might decide to be a performing artist, this will not only depend on my decision but the fact that I attended an English language class and the teacher influenced me. Had that particular teacher not taught me, I would not have made such decision and therefore fate has played a major role in determining my destiny. In as much as I agree with fate, I do not believe in karma because  our lives are not entirely controlled by our past actions but a combination of fate, our past, present and future deeds.\n\nLive chat\nOrder now\n\nOver the years I have been able to ask questions why I can’t be like someone else or why are some of the things I do behave in a particular pattern. I might work hard and perform well in class to achieve my goals. For instance I have always wanted to be a performing artist (a singer or actor) but sometimes I feel that fate plays a major role in deciding such destinies. When I look at many artists in the country, most of them get to where they are by luck or through affiliation with other people, some get there because they come from rich backgrounds and can buy their way to success. There are those who are talented and get spotted and later become famous, yet there are those who have worked hard and achieved no success. Looking at such phenomena I have come to believe that fate plays an important role in our lives.\n\n3) Three friends\n\nFriends hold some characteristics or traits that define their association or relationships. People choose friends or become friends with others for various reasons.  Reasons for friendship may range from companionship, cooperation, convenience or certain circumstances that force people to become friends.  Friendship might begin at an instance or take years to develop. Friendship requires lots of consistency in expressing honesty, truth, mutual compassion and understanding, trusting each other, empathy and sympathy and reciprocity. In as much as we might have friends who are always present when needed and whom we have mutual companionship and understanding, lit is also important to have friends whose principles guide us. These are friends who will always lead by example and rarely will they lead us astray. Principled friends are those who will always stand by what they believe is true regardless of what others believe or say. Good friends are those who principles we share and follow either consciously or unconsciously and do as they do trusting that it will always be right and just. A friend whose principles guides and leads me is an ideal friend.\n\n\nWe often go through good times and tough times. We therefore need friends, who will be with us, those who have our back no matter the situation we face. These are friends who will risk their reputations, positions they hold or even their lives for the sake of their friends. They are ready to bite the bullet just to ensure that they do not betray the trust and mutual understanding that exists between them. This type of friendship takes a sacrifice and not many friends will have your back no matter your situation. Politicians for instance require these types of friends, those who will support them regardless of race, ethnicity or any other social affiliation.\n\nWe should also think of friends as those who openly challenge us when we are wrong. These are true friends because they will never let us fall or go astray. They will always lead us towards a clear path and never allow us to take wrong path. We should therefore shun friends who will never warn us or challenge us when we go wrong. This could be an indication that they are always after our downfall. We sometimes feel bad and aggrieved if challenged when we are wrong but I think it is the right thing.\n\n\nFriends with the qualities discussed above are the real friends and friends who make good leaders, inspirational leaders. They are friends whose deeds and principles people can relate to. Martin Luther king Jr. was principled and many stuck him, those that shared in his thoughts, dreams and aspirations. He was a principled leader and friend, one who stood for what, was right regardless of the repercussions.\n\n“We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. Never again can we afford to live with the narrow, provincial \"outside agitator\" idea”. Martin Luther king - \"Letter from a Birmingham Jail\n\nMartin Luther king felt that the white clergy men never gave him enough support when he held peaceful demonstrations protesting segregation in America. He believed that if indeed they were true friends, they should stand by the protestors regardless of race. He was particularly disappointed by their view that battle against racial segregation should only be fought in the courts and not the streets.\n\nTry our\n\nTop 10 writers\n\n\nfrom the incredible opportunity\n\nat a very reasonable price\n\nHire a TOP writer for $10.95\n\nFriends who openly challenge us are indeed true friends contrary to what many might believe. Niccolo Machiavelli told issues as they were not only issues related to morality.\n\nA prince should do great works and give proof of his power. He should be a true friend or a true enemy, and not remain neutral. A prince should appreciate, and reward, merit” Niccolo Machiavelli – “The prince”.\n\nA true friend should be ready to challenge you if indeed the friend cares about your friendship.\n\n4)  Five illustrations - Oedipus\n\n\nThe king of Thebes - Laius is informed by an oracle, that his son will kill him and marry his wife Jocasta. Following the revelation, Laius in agreement with his wife pinions the child’s (his son’s) feet and gives the child to a shepherd to “expose” it on the nearby mountain -Mt. Cithaeron. the servant however feels pity on the child and instead gives it to another shepherd who presents the child to the king of Corinth who happened not to have a child. The king-Polybius names the child Oedipus because of the swollen feet.\n\nTry our\n\nVIP support\n\n\nfrom the incredible opportunity\n\nat a very reasonable price\n\nHire a VIP support for $9.99\n\nOedipus learns of his fate from the oracle\n\nOedipus as a young man had a rumor that the parents he has known over the years are not his biological parents and asks them the truth, but they do not tell him. He decides to consult an oracle to tell him the truth. The oracle reluctant to tell him the truth instead tells him what he is destined for. That he will “mate with his own mother, and shed with his own hands the blood of his own sire”. To avoid the fate, he decides to head towards Thebes from Corinth knowing Polybus and Merope are his true parents.\n\nOedipus heads towards Thebes\n\nOn his way to Thebes, Oedipus approaches a cross road where he meets a man who happens to be his true father Laius. Both of them are unaware of each other’s identity and in the process they quarrel over who has right of way for his chariot. King Laius goes on and attempts to strike Oedipus with his scepter, but Oedipus pulls him down from the chariot, killing him. Through this Oedipus fulfills part of the prophecy by the oracle.\n\nWant an expert write a paper for you?\n\nTalk to an operator now!\n\nThe sphinx that Oedipus meets on his way\n\nOedipus on his way meets a sphinx and manages to solve her riddle. The riddle goes “what is the creature that walks on four legs in the morning, two at noon and three in the evening?” Oedipus gives the right answer which is “man”. What he means is that as an infant, man crawls (on four legs), walks upright as he grows up and uses a stick when he grows old. Because of Oedipus’ ability to answer the riddle, the sphinx throws herself into water and perishes. Oedipus gets rewarded by the Thebans for killing the sphinx and freeing them for her curse. He is therefore made the king of Thebes and in the process ends up marrying Jocasta who happens to be her biological mother and whom he has killed his husband. Oedipus therefore fulfills the Ogre’s prophecy even though neither him, nor the mother is aware.\n\nFurious Oedipus pricks his eyes and goes blind\n\nA plague of drought hits Thebes, Oedipus therefore sends Creon, his brother in law to inquire from the Delphi oracle the cause of the plague. Creon tells Oedipus that the plague has been caused by religious pollution which has occurred because the killer of Laius, the former king has not been found. Oedipus vows to Thebans that he will find the murderer to help end the plague. When the prophet is called, the prophet reveals that it is indeed Oedipus who murdered his own father, Oedipus does not understand how this could be true. Several events unfold that reveals that the person he murdered at the cross roads was indeed his biological father and he has married his mother. Knowing that the prophecy has been fulfilled, the mother hangs herself while Oedipus pricks his eyes with a pin and goes blind. He begs to be exiled form Thebes as soon as possible knowing that he has fallen by fate.\n\n\nWe provide excellent custom writing service\n\n\nPlace your order now Testimonials\n\n\nGet 15%OFF\n\nyour first order\n\nuse code first15\n\nPrices from $12.99/page\n\nOnline - please click here to chat", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8359125256538391}
+{"content": "How do I find my inner self?\n\nHow do I find my inner self?\n\nFinding Your Inner Self In 4 Simple StepsRemembering Who You Are. The first thing to do to understand what makes you special is to look at what you are on the inside and not on the outside. Discover Where You Are Today. Realize Where to go From Here. Powering Your Meditation.\n\nWHO SAID know yourself?\n\n\nWhat is self knowledge with example?\n\nIn contrast, substantial self-knowledge includes knowledge of your own character, values, abilities and emotions. Examples might include: knowing that you are a kind person, that you aren’t cut out for your current job, or that you harbour deep feelings of resentment towards a sibling.\n\nWhat is written above the oracles door?\n\nThe term know thyself stems from ancient Greece. The Latin version of the aphorism is written on a plaque above the Oracle’s door in the Matrix film series, where it is rendered in a non-traditional Latin; that is to say temet nosce (“thine own self thou must know”) translated in the Matrix as know thyself.\n\nWhat are the three types of self image?\n\n\nWhy the self is empty?\n\nThe empty self is soothed and made cohesive by becoming “filled up” with food, consumer products, and celebrities. Psychology’s role in constructing the empty self, and thus reproducing the current hierarchy of power and privilege, is examined.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6390408873558044}
+{"content": "Tuesday, 13 November 2012\n\n\n*THUD*   Wow!!!!\n\nThis is the story of one mans journey into the \"after life\" while his body lay in a deep coma for 7 days.   His experiences mirrors many things that most of us have read about in our journey here. The Truth of how time exists (as we've learned from daniel's recent articles), the existence of multi-dimensional beings that can travel to any time/place on earth, higher dimensions, the existence of multiple universes, the fact that Earth is a testing ground of sorts, that all of us here have CHOSEN to be here to experience this existence....  This article is a brilliant summation of many of the \"theories\" I have studied over the years. \n\nI think I will run out to the book store tomorrow.  I definitely want to read more.\n\n\n\n\nThis is the message from Dr. Eben Alexander, author of the newly-published book, \"Proof of Heaven.\" I recently read the book and found it both fascinating and also confirming of several important theories I've been developing about the nature of life and the Creator. (See below.)\n\n\nLong before this book was ever written, Dr. Alexander was a practicing neurosurgeon and a lifelong \"science skeptic.\" He did not believe in consciousness, free will or the existence of a non-physical spirit. Trained in western medical school and surrounded by medical colleagues who are deeply invested in the materialism view of the universe, Dr. Alexander believed that so-called \"consciousness\" was only an illusion created by the biochemical functioning of the brain.\n\nThis is a view held by virtually all of today's mainstream scientists, including physicists like Stephen Hawking who say that human beings are nothing more than \"biological robots\" with no consciousness and no free will.\n\nDr. Alexander would have held this view to his own death bed had it not been for his experiencing an event so bizarre and miraculous that it defies all conventional scientific explanation: Dr. Alexander \"died\" for seven days and experienced a vivid journey into the afterlife. He then returned to his physical body, experienced a miraculous healing, and went on to write the book \"Proof of Heaven.\"\n\nE.coli infection eats his brain\n\nIt all started when e.coli bacteria infected Dr. Alexander's spinal fluid and outer cerebrum. The e.coli began to literally eat his brain away, and he went into an extremely violent fit of seizures, verbal outbursts and muscular spasms before lapsing into a brain-dead coma.\n\nIn this coma, he showed zero higher brain activity and was only kept alive via a respirator and IV fluids. The attending physicians soon concluded that Dr. Alexander would die within a matter of days, and that even if he lived, he would be a non-functioning \"vegetable\" with limited brain function. Statistically, the death rate for patients with e.coli infections of the brain is 97%.\n\nBut here's the real shocker in all this: Rather than experiencing nothingness during these seven earth-days of unconsciousness, Dr. Alexander found himself \"awakening\" from the dream of his earthly life, suddenly experiencing an incomprehensibly vast expansion of his consciousness in the afterlife.\n\nThis experience is described in more detail in his book \"Proof of Heaven,\" but here are the highlights:\n\n• The experience of the afterlife was so \"real\" and expansive that the experience of living as a human on Earth seemed like an artificial dream by comparison.\n\n• There was no time dimension in the afterlife. Time did not \"flow\" as it does in our universe. An instant could seem like eternity, and consciousness could move through what we perceive to be time without effort. (This idea that all time exists simultaneously has enormous implications in understanding the nature of free will and the multiverse, along with the apparent flow of time experienced by our consciousness in this realm.)\n\n\n\n• The moment you asked a question in your mind, the answers were immediately apparent in breathtaking depth and detail. There was no \"unknown\" and the mere asking of a question was instantly accompanied by the appearance of its answers.\n\n\nGod acknowledges the existence of the multiverse\n\nThe passage of \"Proof of Heaven\" I found most interesting is found on page 48, where Dr. Alexander says:\n\nThrough the Orb, [God] told me that there is not one universe but many -- in fact, more than I could conceive -- but that love lay at the center of them all. Evil was present in all the other universes as well, but only in the tiniest trace amounts. Evil was necessary because without it free will was impossible, and without free will there could be no growth -- no forward movement, no chance for us to become what God longed for us to be. Horrible and all-powerful as evil sometimes seemed to be in a world like ours, in the larger picture love was overwhelmingly dominant, and it would ultimately be triumphant.\n\nThis passage struck an important cord with me, as I have long believed our universe was created by the Creator as just one of an infinite number of other universes, each with variations on life and the laws of physics. (Click here to read my writings on the Higgs Boson particle, consciousness and the multiverse.) What Dr. Alexander's quote confirms is that our life on planet Earth is a \"test\" of personal growth, and that the way to make progress in this test is to overcome evil while spreading love and compassion.\n\nEven more, this passage also confirms the existence of free will and even helps answer the question I'm often asking myself: \"Why are we placed here in a world of such evil and surrounded by ignorance, darkness and deception?\" The answer appears to be that Earth is a testing ground for souls that have been selected by the Creator for the ultimate test of good versus evil.\n\nEarth as a testing ground\n\nAlthough \"Proof of Heaven\" doesn't go as far as I'm explaining here, my working theory is that our planet Earth is among the highest evil-infested realms in the grand multiverse. Only the most courageous souls agree to come to Earth by being born into human bodies and stripped of their memories.\n\nFrom there, the challenge of life is multi-faceted:\n\n\n\n\nThe most important part about living a human life is not acquiring money, or fame, or power over others but rather achieving a high \"score\" in this simulation known as \"life\" by resisting evil, spreading love and expanding awareness of that which is true.\n\nFor those who respect life, who practice humility and self awareness, who seek to spread knowledge and wisdom while resisting tyranny, oppression, ignorance and evil, their souls will, I believe, be selected for special tasks in the greater multiverse. That's the \"real\" existence. This Earthly life is only a dream-like simulation where your soul interfaces with the crude biology of our planet for a very short time span that's actually the blink of an eye in the larger picture.\n\n\nThe multiverse is teeming with intelligent life, including multidimensional beings\n\nDr. Alexander's journey also confirms the existence of intelligent life far beyond Earth. As he explains in Proof of Heaven:\n\n\n\n\nAlternative researchers like David Icke also talk about multidimensional beings visiting Earth and infecting the planet with great evil. According to Icke, the globalist controllers of our planet are literally reptilian shape-shifters who have invaded our world for the purpose of controlling and enslaving humanity. Although nothing like this is covered in Dr. Alexander's book, it is not inconsistent with what Dr. Alexander was told by God during his coma... Namely, that there are multidimensional realities, that certain high-vibration beings can traverse those realities at will, and that Earth is infested with a great evil with the specific purpose of testing our character.\n\n\nThe science skeptics are wrong (again)\n\nRegardless of what you might think about multidimensional beings, intelligent life beyond Earth, and the existence of great evil on our planet, there's one aspect of all this that's crystal clear: The science skeptics are dead wrong.\n\nScience \"skeptics\" are actually misnamed. They aren't skeptical at all. They simply follow their own religion with its own sacred beliefs that cannot be questioned... ever! Those beliefs include the utter worship of the materialistic view of the universe. Simultaneously, so-called \"skeptics\" do not believe they are conscious beings themselves because they believe consciousness is merely an \"artifact\" of biochemical brain function.\n\n\nIt's no surprise these religious cult members of the \"scientism\" cult don't believe in an afterlife. That's what allows them to commit genocidal crimes against the human race today via GMOs, experimental medicine, toxic vaccines and other deadly pursuits. In their view, humans have no souls so killing them is of no consequence.\n\nAs Dr. Alexander says,\n\n\nWell of course they are. The \"science skeptics\" are dead wrong about almost everything they claim to advocate. But their biggest mistake of all is in denying the existence of their own souls. Needless to say, they are all going to fail the human experience simulation once they pass on and face judgment. My, what a surprise that will be for those sad souls when they day arrives...\n\nI would hate to face God one day after having lived a life of a science skeptic, and then have God ask the question: \"You doubted ME?\" How could anyone take a look at the world around them and not see the signs of an intelligent Creator? Even the very laws of physics have been tweaked and fine-tuned in precisely the right balance so that our universe itself can support the formation of stars, and planets, and carbon-based life forms. This is called the \"Goldilocks Enigma,\" and there's a wonderful book by that same name written by Paul Davies.\n\nNo biochemical explanation for Dr. Alexander's experience\n\nFor those skeptics who may be reading this, Dr. Alexander goes through nine possible biochemical hypotheses for his experiences and then meticulously and scientifically dismisses them all one by one. The result? His experience was REAL. In fact, it was \"more real\" than life as a human being.\n\n\n1) Primitive brainstem program.\n2) Distorted recall of memories from the limbic system.\n3) Endogenous glutamate blockade with excitotoxicity.\n4) DMT dump.\n5) Isolated preservation of cortical regions of the brain.\n6) Loss of inhibitory neurons leading to highly levels of activity among excitatory neuronal networks to generate an apparent \"ultra-reality.\"\n8) Reboot phenomenon.\n9) Unusual memory generation through archaic visual pathways.\n\n\nDr. Alexander's experience (and subsequent book) is arguably the best-documented case of the afterlife that exists in western science today. The fact that a vivid, hyper-real afterlife was experienced by a science skeptic materialistic brain surgeon who didn't believe in the afterlife -- and who subsequently found the courage to document his experiences and publish them in a book -- adds irrefutable credibility to the experience.\n\nThis was not some kook seeking fame on a TV show. In fact, his writing this book earned him endless ridicule from his former \"scientific\" colleagues. There was every reason to NOT write this book. Only by the grace of God was Dr. Alexander healed of his e.coli infection, restored to normal brain function, and granted the VISION of the afterlife so that he could return to this realm and attempt to put it into words.\n\n\nWhat does it all mean?\n\nDr. Alexander's spiritual journey gives us a wealth of information that can help provide meaning and purpose in our daily lives.\n\nFor starters, it means that all our actions are recorded in the cosmos and that there are no secrets in the larger scope of things. You cannot secretly screw somebody over here on Earth and think it won't be recorded on your soul forever. It also means that all our actions will be accounted for in the afterlife. If this message sounds familiar, that's because an identical idea is the pillar of every major world religion, including Christianity.\n\n\nWhat matters, then, is not whether you actually succeed in defeating evil here on Earth, but rather the nature of your character that emerges from all the challenges and tribulations you face. This is all a test, get it? That's why life seems to suck sometimes. It's not a panacea; it's a testing ground for the most courageous souls of all -- those who wish to enter the realm of great evil and hope they can rise above it before the end of their human lifespan.\n\nLearn more:\n\n\n  1. Thank you for recommending the book. I'll definitely check it out, since I've learned the concept of what you're speaking of through my own life experiences. That's apparently what happens when we find balance and become one with the universe. The only differing opinion I have from what you mentioned is that the various sacred texts that I've found don't teach that there's an actual Hell. You just keep on trying in another form until you get it right...haha. l guess in that way, we create our own fear and hatred-based Hell on Earth. :-/\n\n    1. You are right -- there is no \"Hell\" except for the one that a person creates within their own Belief System.\n\n      If you believe/expect that you will experience a Hell after death, you are actually creating it yourself with your Thought Energy, and then sending yourself there.\n      And it is yet another part of the learning see how long it takes for you to \"wake up\" after death, and realize what you've done to yourself, and dissolve or leave that particular Hell reality.\n\n      All these \"Hells\" that people have created for themselves exist in the lower astral planes of the 4th dimension. Higher dimensional beings have labelled it The Void.\n      This is where most Soul Retrievals take place. There are sensitive/pyschic humans who do this all the time, rescuing these Lost Souls from their personal Hells within this lower suboctave dimension.\n\n      I myself retrieved a soul once, who had trapped herself within the upper astral Template Reality of the Earth Plane.\n      I used her own deceased dog to rescue her, to get her to move into the Higher Dimensions, such as the area now known famously as \"The Park\"...which I believe was coined by Robert Monroe of the Monroe Institute.\n      The man who brought us Hemi-Sync, and consciously directed OBE astral travel.\n\n      One of his last workshops before his death, was aimed at Soul Retrieval, in which all fully alive human participants at the Monroe Institute first travelled astrally to THE PARK, then were able to easily direct lost deceased souls to this higher dimensional Park by merely thinking about the Energy Signature of the place.\n\n  2. I read about some days ago really cool stuff.\n\n  3. This is one of the most remarkable NDE's I have come across in so far as this man journeyed through the first light (the Higher Self light matrix of our solar system) into the second light (pure consciousness - beyond light) but read for yourself:\n    Journey through the Light and Back\n    Mellen-Benedict Thomas\n\n\n  4. Absolute confirmation of everything I have always believed to be true about the nature of existence. I have a suggested book that changed my whole perspective of reality. It is called 'Many Lives, Many Masters' by Brian Weiss M.D. It is compulsive reading for sure. I couldn't put it down until I finished it. When I read the last page I said WHERE'S A HIGHLIGHTER! You can pick it up on eBay for about 5.00.\n\n  5. I've read a lot about this on the internet...Good stuff. Thanks for sharing...VK\n\n  6. I like your 1, 2, and 3.\n    After reading yours I checked to see what was my comprehension along those lines.\n    I almost see it the same way.\n    1) Figure out WHO \"we\" are and WHY \"we\" are here.\n    (stating in my own words) Dolores Cannon said that prior to coming here, agreements were made as to who would be a dark catalyst or carry the appearance of evil to help us grow spiritually. (end) It's all love. Without a challenge to overcome, the opportunity to make a decision is missing.\n    Not many people have the skills to resolve a conflict and continue to love the other they had the conflict with.\n    In the challenge of the system, that when I stand on my power and respond with a stern 'No', the challenge it thwarted. If not by the first no with the catalyst, a further No with someone the catalyst has to report to.\n    The system is based on rules. When war is your intent, the system can and will go to war. If peace is your intent, the system can and will move in peace.\n    See Evil as a catalyst for your growth and use Love as a tool when confronted with it. You can reject someone's offer to be evil around you or to act evil against you. To overcome them is to take away their free will to be evil. We must let them know when they are violating our free will to not be affected by what they do as they do it among others like them who like it. No trespasses.\n    In all images of a wise One in a civilization, the people sought the wisdom, love, compassion, healing, and knowledge of the wise One. He kept to himself and kept the information to himself until asked. I guess the reason for that is, to go out and teach someone your understanding of something, you can indirectly interfere with their path of understanding. This doctor teaching no conscience or no free will would have done the same thing. But allowing seekers to find you and you sharing what you know because they asked you is different.\n\n    Thanks for sharing. I was not aware of the book or the information within it.\n    Thanks for a wonderful blog.\n    Much Love to you.\n\n  7. You might check his interview with George Noory, which was on \"Coast to Coast AM\", on October the 30th, 2012.\n    It was one of the best shows. And his honesty, and courage is amazing.\n    I hope you'll enjoy it.\n\n  8. When i look around in this crazy time we find ourselves here in today - noticing the atrocities and the madness all around us- it is hard to believe that there is any free will included on planet earth at all !\n    We are all captured and recycled here from those archontic beings for millennia over and over again. No escape from this prison planet - even not after death - don't go into the light, it's a trap...\n    I really want to believe that there is something else, something peaceful and uplifting somewhere - but have to remind that we are a collective here on earth. For sure an individual is capable of creating peace and love for itself and for his fellow travellers within his reach - but not for the entire earth, what mostly is a very frustrating experience then. So i hope that the mass awakening here on earth comes to fruition very soon...if not we should close this universe here for good and resume that good has no chance in a fight that is fought without any rules by the dark side...\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6125895977020264}
+{"content": "fr en\n\nPARRENO, Philippe\n\nPARRENOBorn in 1964.\n\nLives and works in Paris.\n\nPhilippe Parreno loosens the coordinates which fix the roles of the artist, the image and the image’s visibility. Through a process of non-authoritarian creation he allows for new narratives to unfold where actual and fictive time and space bifurcate and confront one another. In Zidane: A 21st Century Portrait (2006), his feature film made in collaboration with Douglas Gordon, 17 movie cameras placed around a stadium follow Zinedine Zidane throughout one football game. Neither documentary nor fiction, the film causes the real, the image and its commentary to collide and pull apart. Like fireflies, Parreno’s many collaborators, characters and images flicker and fade away in non-linear, episodic eruptions.\n\nHis large movie theater marquee installed on the facade of the Guggenheim in 2008 twinkles schizophrenically then goes black over and over again. Also on a time loop, his film 1968 (2009) represents the train voyage which carried Robert F. Kennedy’s coffin from New York to Washington, D.C. The chilling images of the past come back to haunt us, appear and disappear ceaslessly.\n\nMost recently, Parreno has embarked on a series of retro­spectives, each one different, at the Kunsthalle Zurich in May 2009, the Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris in June 2009, the Irish Museum of Modern Art, Dublin in November 2009, soon at the Center for Curatorial Studies and Art in Contemporary Culture, Bard College, Annadale-on-Hudson, New York in June 2010 and the Serpentine Gallery, London, in November 2010.\n\nPhilippe Parreno was nominator for the Rencontres d’Arles with Hans-Ulrich Obrist in 2010. They nominated the following artists: Darius Khondji; Hans-Peter FeldmannKazuo Shinohara; Shannon Ebner; Taryn Simon and Trisha Donnelly.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7631396055221558}
+{"content": "Early planting and relay cropping: pathways to cope with heat and drought?\n\nNuttapon Khongdee, Thomas Hilger, Wanwisa Pansak, Georg Cadisch, Universität Kassel\nMaize (Zea mays) is an important food and cash crop of uplands in Southeast Asia, where it is often prone to drought and heat stress associated with climate change. This study aimed at assessing the effect of heat and drought on maize performance, testing coping strategies under such weather extremes, and understanding associated mechanisms. The experiment was carried out during 2018 in Thailand, using a split-plot design with three replications. Treatments were: July-planted maize sole\nmore » ... maize sole cropping (control), July-planted maize-mungbean (Vigna radiata) relay cropping, and June-planted maize sole cropping. High temperatures and dry spells during July-August 2018 decreased maize growth strongest in the control and less so in maize relay cropping during generative growth stages, but not in June-planted maize sole cropping. Stress reduced maize nitrogen nutrition index by 40 %. Relay-cropped maize had a significantly higher potential to keep stomata open (320 mmol m −2 s −1 ) than sole-cropped maize (100 mmol m −2 s −1 ). ∆ 13 C of maize grains confirmed that June-planted maize (-9.43 h) was less affected by dry spells and heat stress than Julyplanted sole cropped maize (-10.23 h). Under relay cropping, the latter showed less water stress (δ 13 C: -10.12 h) compared to sole cropping and a higher soil water use. Maize was better able to cope with heat and drought stress when relayed-cropped, although less compared to early-planting of maize. Hence, the tested coping strategies are able to mitigate heat and drought effects on maize growth, while improving food security and crop diversification when relay-cropped with mungbeans.\ndoi:10.17170/kobra-202104133652 fatcat:6g3eqn6onfd4rofqtjkqamfpum", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999415874481201}
+{"content": "8 minute read\n\nFood Preservation\n\n\nThe term food preservation refers to any one of a number of techniques used to prevent food from spoiling. It includes methods such as canning, pickling, drying and freeze-drying, irradiation, pasteurization, smoking, and the addition of chemical additives. Food preservation has become an increasingly important component of the food industry as fewer people eat foods produced on their own lands, and as consumers expect to be able to purchase and consume foods that are \"out of season.\"\n\n\nEarly humans probably discovered by accident that certain foods exposed to smoke seem to last longer than those that are not. Meats, fish, fowl, and cheese were among such foods. It appears that compounds present in wood smoke have anti-microbial actions that prevent the growth of organisms that cause spoilage.\n\nToday, the process of smoking has become a sophisticated method of food preservation with both hot and cold forms in use. Hot smoking is used primarily with fresh or frozen foods, while cold smoking is used most often with salted products. The most advantageous conditions for each kind of smoking—air velocity, relative humidity, length of exposure, and salt content, for example–are now generally understood and applied during the smoking process. For example, electrostatic precipitators can be employed to attract smoke particles and improve the penetration of the particles into meat or fish.\n\nSo many alternative forms of preservation are now available that smoking no longer holds the position of importance it once did with ancient peoples. More frequently the process is used to add interesting and distinctive flavors to foods.\n\n\nSince most disease-causing organisms require a moist environment in which to survive and multiply, drying is a natural technique for preventing spoilage. Indeed, the act of simply leaving foods out in the sun and wind to dry out is probably one of the earliest forms of food preservation. Evidence for the drying of meats, fish, fruits, and vegetables go back to the earliest recorded human history.\n\nAt some point, humans also learned that the drying process could be hastened and improved by various mechanical techniques. For example, the Arabs learned early on that apricots could be preserved almost indefinitely by macerating them, boiling them, and then leaving them to dry on broad sheets. The product of this technique, quamaradeen, is still made by the same process in modern Muslim countries.\n\nToday, a host of dehydrating techniques are known and used. The specific technique adopted depends on the properties of the food being preserved. For example, a traditional method for preserving rice is to allow it to dry naturally in the fields or on drying racks in barns for about two weeks. After this period of time, the native rice is threshed and then dried again by allowing it to sit on straw mats in the sun for about three days.\n\nModern drying techniques make use of fans and heaters in controlled environments. Such methods avoid the uncertainties that arise from leaving crops in the field to dry under natural conditions. Controlled temperature air drying is especially popular for the preservation of grains such as maize, barley, and bulgur.\n\n\nTwo of the special advantages of vacuum drying is that the process is more efficient at removing water from a food product, and it takes place more quickly than air drying. In one study, for example, the drying time of a fish fillet was reduced from about 16 hours by air drying to six hours as a result of vacuum drying.\n\nCoffee drinkers are familiar with the process of dehydration known as spray drying. In this process, a concentrated solution of coffee in water is sprayed though a disk with many small holes in it. The surface area of the original coffee grounds is increased many times, making dehydration of the dry product much more efficient.\n\nFreeze-drying is a method of preservation that makes use of the physical principle known as sublimation. Sublimation is the process by which a solid passes directly to the gaseous phase without first melting. Freeze-drying is a desirable way of preserving food since it takes place at very low temperatures (commonly around 14°F to -13°F [-10°C to -25°C]) at which chemical reactions take place very slowly and pathogens survive only poorly. The food to be preserved by this method is first frozen and then placed into a vacuum chamber. Water in the food first freezes and then sublimes, leaving a moisture content in the final product of as low as 0.5%.\n\n\nThe precise mechanism by which salting preserves food is not entirely understood. It is known that salt binds with water molecules and thus acts as a dehydrating agent in foods. A high level of salinity may also impair the conditions under which pathogens can survive. In any case, the value of adding salt to foods for preservation has been well known for centuries.\n\nSugar appears to have effects similar to those of salt in preventing spoilage of food. The use of either compound (and of certain other natural materials) is known as curing. A desirable side effect of using salt or sugar as a food preservative is, of course, the pleasant flavor each compound adds to the final product.\n\nCuring can be accomplished in a variety of ways. Meats can be submerged in a salt solution known as brine, for example, or the salt can be rubbed on the meat by hand. The injection of salt solutions into meats has also become popular. Food scientists have now learned that a number of factors relating to the food product and to the preservative conditions affect the efficiency of curing. Some of the food factors include the type of food being preserved, the fat content, and the size of treated pieces. Preservative factors include brine temperature and concentration and the presence of impurities.\n\nCuring is used with certain fruits and vegetables, such as cabbage (in the making of sauerkraut), cucumbers (in the making of pickles), and olives. It is probably most popular, however, in the preservation of meats and fish. Honey-cured hams, bacon, and corned beef (\"corn\" is a term for a form of salt crystals) are common examples.\n\n\n\nA number of factors are involved in the selection of the best approach to the freezing of foods, including the temperature to be used, the rate at which freezing is to take place, and the actual method used to freeze the food. Because of differences in cellular composition, foods actually begin to freeze at different temperatures ranging from about 31°F (-0.6°C) for some kinds of fish to 19°F (-7°C) for some kinds of fruits.\n\nThe rate at which food is frozen is also a factor, primarily because of aesthetic reasons. The more slowly food is frozen, the larger the ice crystals that are formed. Large ice crystals have the tendency to cause rupture of cells and the destruction of texture in meats, fish, vegetables, and fruits. In order to deal with this problem, the technique of quick-freezing has been developed. In quick-freezing, a food is cooled to or below its freezing point as quickly as possible. The product thus obtained, when thawed, tends to have a firm, more natural texture than is the case with most slow-frozen foods.\n\nAbout a half dozen methods for the freezing of foods have been developed. One, described as the plate, or contact, freezing technique, was invented by the American inventor Charles Birdseye in 1929. In this method, food to be frozen is placed on a refrigerated plate and cooled to a temperature less than its freezing point. Or, the food may be placed between two parallel refrigerated plates and frozen.\n\nAnother technique for freezing foods is by immersion in very cold liquids. At one time, sodium chloride brine solutions were widely used for this purpose. A 10% brine solution, for example, has a freezing point of about 21°F (-6°C), well within the desired freezing range for many foods. More recently, liquid nitrogen has been used for immersion freezing. The temperature of liquid nitrogen is about -320°F (-195.5°C), so that foods immersed in this substance freeze very quickly.\n\nAs with most methods of food preservation, freezing works better with some foods than with others. Fish, meat, poultry, and citrus fruit juices (such as frozen orange juice concentrate) are among the foods most commonly preserved by this method.\n\n\n\n\nAdditional topics\n\nScience EncyclopediaScience & Philosophy: Ferroelectric materials to Form and matter", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6916334629058838}
+{"content": "Educated by Tara Westover\n\nEducated was published in 2018, and has been a huge international bestseller. It is the memoir of Tara Westover’s radical upbringing in an extremely devout Mormon family in Idaho. Tara did not have a birth certificate until she was nine years old. She did not take any prescribed medication until her late teens, and her first vaccinations came in her early twenties. Her family would plan for an oncoming apocalypse, canning food, burying fuel tankers and packing emergency rucksacks for the End of Days.\n\nHer father owned a near-fatal junkyard. Deep cuts, crushed fingers, catastrophic burns and life-threatening falls were daily occurrences in the pursuit of scrapping metal and building barns. Her father’s deep-rooted suspicion of the government meant no doctors, no hospitals and no state education. Women were not to display their flesh, and their place was in the home as mothers and cooks.\n\nEducated follows Tara’s eventual quest to receive an education, go to college, and from there university. With it comes the harsh reality that she cannot have both – a modern state education, and her life at home. Breaking the boundaries of her family’s radical ideology becomes a violent and abusive struggle.\n\nI don’t read a lot of memoirs, but Educated has always sounded so fascinating. I was drawn to learning about a life I could hardly fathom. It is written masterfully, with beautiful and eloquent descriptions of Idaho, Buck Peak and the mountains. The gritty hardships of a brutal life scrapping metal are brought sharply into focus. You cannot help but wonder how no one died from the onslaught of life-threatening injuries that are sustained within its pages. Even more so without modern medical intervention.\n\nIt takes a lot of bravery to write so openly about a life that is alien to most people, especially when they may be poised to judge you and your family harshly off the back of it. I have listened to Tara speak on podcasts and she talks calmly and rationally about her life. In reading Educated, I have enormous respect for her.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6565942168235779}
+{"content": "Rubber Bands Stretches Experiments Hypothesis Statement\n\nStatement Stretches Hypothesis Bands Experiments Rubber\n\nStudents will soon identify that the Rubber Band …. The thicker the rubber band, the less it will stretch when weights are added The ½ inch rubber band contained too much and the ⅛ inch rubber band held to little. Now put a rubber band in the freezer and chill it for about two hours. First, you have the handler who has a level of athletic potential and trains to get the most out of their performances. The rubber bands in freezing water were the opposite, with a stretching length of 9.50 +/- o.o5 cm (0 C). For the rubber band challenge, all you need to do is take your rubber band, grab one end with your good hand's thumb, stretch it across the back of your hand (below your knuckles), and slip the other end onto your pinky. Hypothesis When you stretch an elastic rubber band, you store potential elastic energy inside it. Remove the rubber band from the ring stand apparatus. …. Repeat this experiment with different widths and diameter or rubber bands. o Try to keep the angle of launch the same for every shot to get the most accurate distance. Some of the rubber bands, trial …. Apa Format For Referencing Books\n\nAuthentic Mathematical Problem Solving Tasks\n\nStretch the latex over one side of the can and keep it in place with the rubber bands and the tape. We are then going to see how adding more rubber bands to the system affects the total flexibility of the group of bands. Objective. Our hypothesis was that is stretch more when it is hot Abstract Thesis Tense and we were right . The rubber in rubber bands is bound together by thousands of long chains of molecules that are coiled together something like a net. Repeat this experiment with different widths and diameter or rubber bands. This week I will correct that. The scientific hypothesis represents the limited explanation of the phenomenon. It is a challenging project, so I introduce it at the beginning of the week and give them. “Elastic Constant”), Y. an inference. The conclusion to my experiment is that as the distance the rubber band is stretched increases the distance traveled increases. relationship between the force needed to stretch an elastic body and the length it stretches. Methods and Materials.\n\nAir Five Write My Story Mp3 Free Download\n\nShort Essay On Mahatama Gandhi Students will measure the stretch of a rubber band using varying weights and find a linear relationship, in the y = mx + b form, between the rubber Soal Essay Permainan Bola Basket band’s length and the weight used to stretch it. The heated rubber bands were the most elastic; stretching to the farthest extends of 17.90 +/- o.o5 cm(100 C). rubber bands, 12 napkins, and a plastic practice egg. Hold the other match in the vertical position with your other hand. Here is the formula for Young’s modulus (Eqn.1): (1) Y = F A Δ L L 0. In this lab we are going to stretch rubber bands by hanging a 500 g from them. 10. an experiment to measure the traction of a shoe by attaching a rubber band to the laces, then pulling the shoe across the ground using the rubber band. “The Scientific Method is Question, Research, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analysis (clap!) and conclusion.”. Partially unbend a paper clip to use as a \"hook.\" Tape the paper clip to the stack and use it to hang the quarters from the rubber band The aim of this experiment is to find how the amount of stretching, when shooting a rubber band, affects the length of the shot. After that, we divided our variables into different groups..\n\nProcedure: Get a ruler,. The rubber band gets …. When a rubber band stretches it gets thinner and longer, but something else happens as well. We will look at a very easy experiment that provides lots of information about the strength or the mechanical behavior of a material, called the tensile test If you consider the length the rubber band stretches as its performance, smaller, less elastic rubber bands can be stretched as far or farther than bigger, more elastic rubber bands if more work is done on the former compared to the latter. The stretchability of solid materials is expressed as their Young’s Modulus (a.k.a. 1.           On this website you will find how temperature effects the stretch of a rubber band. For the 3 trials for each condition, make sure the rubber band is stretched exactly the same length and that the cup starts in the exact same place. It will take 160-200 rubber bands to crack a pumpkin open. 5. Ask them to stretch the rubber band, then place it on their upper lip. The experiment: Wrap a rubber band around two matches, knotted around one and slipped over the other. Now stretch the rubber band over the end of the ruler and tape it to the other side.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9387022852897644}
+{"content": "Level 2\n\n\nYou may have already figured this out, but this also happened to me.\n\n\nI had to manually place the total of the prior years R/E line 3849, into the current years information on line 3660.\n\nThe gifi codes automatically placed my current years Net income/loss onto line 3680.\n\n\nThis gave me the correct total R/E line 3849 for the current year.\n\n\n\nCommon shares value (3500) would be shown in the Equity portion of S100.  Added to 3600 to equal 3620.\n\nYour total liabilities and equity (3640) should be equal to your total assets (2599).\n\n\nHopefully this helps.  I am not an accountant, just had the same problem with my own books.  So this is not legal advice, just hopefully a helpful insight .", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9992448687553406}
+{"content": "Water in the UAE. Where do they get it and how is it purified?\n\nWater is no doubt, the most vital resource on earth as it is very important for survival, a lack of which is keenly felt in the world today. This is especially true for the Middle East countries, where freshwater resources are very limited due to the geographical and climatic features (arid conditions). It is known that water covers about 70% of our planet (Earth), but regrettably, only 3% of the resources account for usable freshwater. Due to the difficulty in getting natural freshwater particularly in the arid regions, the possibility of desalinating and using seawater has become a solution to the problem.\n\nThe United Arab Emirates is one of those countries where scarcity of freshwater is severe due to its arid land conditions. The country keeps experiencing a rapid increase in population over the years, which is resulting in much higher water demand. This piece covers the various sources of water in the UAE, solutions put in place to counter the water scarcity in the country, and finally a few lists of Desalination plants and Dams in the country. \n\nThe UAE is one of the world’s highest in water consumption (about 550 liters per day). Water desalination facilities in the UAE provide about 80% of water consumed. The United Arab Emirates ranks second after Saudi Arabia in terms of the amount of producing desalinated water.\n\nToday, many specialized seawater desalination plants are built on the territory of the UAE.\n\nSources of water in the UAE\n\nThere are two main sources of water in the UAE which are conventional sources (such as Surface water and groundwater) and non-conventional sources (such as desalinated water, treated wastewater, and cloud seeding). \n\nConventional Water sources\n\nThese include forms of natural water like Surface water and groundwater.\n\nSurface Water\n\nThe surface water is negligible and includes floodwater, water retained in dams, some very small streams, ponds, and spring water. These are either confined or flowing when there are land slopes and are replenished by rainfall or groundwater.\n\nDue to the UAE’s location in a dry belt region, rainfall is limited and floodwaters leak into the ground, especially in sedimentary areas. Thus, it is crucial to building dams to harvest rainwater and store surface water behind them and to help feed the aquifer, although most of it is lost to high evaporation. The average annual surface water flow through valleys ranges from 23 million cubic meters (MCM) to 138MCM. \n\n\nGroundwater is the main natural water source. The total volume of groundwater is quite significant at around 640 billion cubic meters (BCM), but only 3% of it (around 20BCM) is fresh.\n\nIn the UAE’s arid environment, groundwater is an important and precious source for municipal and rural supplies, environmental protection, and social and economic development. However, most of the groundwater used in the UAE is salty. Groundwater resources are further divided into renewable (shallow aquifers) and non-renewable resources (deep aquifers).\n\nGroundwater resources occur in the aquifers located in the Bajada region, in the eastern part of the UAE. also, the Dammam and Umm er-Radhuma aquifers, which extend into the western desert areas, contain highly saline water.\n\nRecharging shallow aquifers is not easy. It depends mainly on rainfall events and surface run-off. This may vary considerably from year to year. Due to the high evaporation rate and surface water run-off in mountain areas, only 10-14% of the total precipitation percolates to recharge the shallow groundwater aquifers. \n\nIn recent years, aquifer conditions have improved as a result of measures taken to reduce groundwater abstraction to sustainable levels. However, full recovery will take generations. Controlling groundwater mining has also commenced, although more steps are still needed to reduce the abstraction volume to sustainable levels. Also, a comprehensive set of measures for sustainable groundwater management have been adopted, notably establishing strong monitoring and regulatory programs and conserving traditional water systems such as aflaj.\n\nThe high evaporation rates during the summer increase the accumulation of salts in the root zone. Excess irrigation water percolates deeply and carries the accumulated salts to the aquifer, further aggravating the problem of groundwater deterioration.\n\nNon-conventional water sources\n\nThese are mostly water gotten from the purification of already existing water that is not suitable for domestic use or renewing already used water to be re-used. These include examples like; Desalinated water, Treated wastewater and cloud seeded water.\n\nDesalinated water\n\nSeawater is salty. The process of removing dissolved salts from seawater is called desalination. This makes the water drinkable and suitable for domestic use.\n\nThe UAE has limited natural water resources. Hence, the country makes seawater potable using thermal desalination technology. Today, most of its potable water (42% of the total water requirement) comes from its desalination plants, which account for around 14% of the world’s total production of desalinated water.\n\nUse of renewable energy sources for desalination plants is a vivid example of the implementation of advanced and environmentally responsive technologies. For instance, desalination plants running on solar power are already operating in the United Arab Emirates. Such projects are designed to make freshwater production economically feasible and to reduce carbon dioxide emissions during production.\n\nThe main advantage of such plants is a zero-emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere, and provision of the local population with drinkable water. Moreover, the designers of such plants state that the usage of solar power will meaningfully reduce the cost of freshwater production. To meet both the qualitative and quantitative requirements for drinking water standards, domestic water supplies rely mainly on desalinated water (around 99%), which is used either directly or blended with groundwater.\n\nAfter Saudi Arabia, the UAE has the highest desalination capacity globally. Most of the desalination plants use co-generation Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) technology or Multiple-Effect Distillation (MED), whereas only a few plants use Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology. The availability of desalinated water at relatively low costs may also be an attractive means of meeting industrial water demand since industries have been willing to pay for water at rates higher than domestic and agricultural rates.\n\nRenewable energy can play a key role in lowering the cost of desalinated water. In fact, the UAE is very progressive when it comes to developments and innovations in green technology. Food and water security are important issues for the country, which already imports more than 90% of its food. Furthermore, the UAE aims to increase its total renewable energy by 24% by 2021. The water demand is expected to grow by about 30% by 2030, and seawater desalination requires ten times more energy than surface water production.\n\nTreated wastewater\n\nTreated wastewater represents one of the most important alternatives to meet some of the present water requirements and lessen the long-term supply-demand imbalance. Thanks to the completion of wastewater treatment facilities and the expansion of urban sewage networks in the country, large volumes of treated wastewater have become available. Due to environmental considerations, wastewater is treated completely or partially, based on its intended use.\n\nPresently, the UAE operates modern treatment facilities with tertiary and advanced treatment capabilities. Treated water is used mainly for urban purposes, such as irrigating gardens and highway landscaping. Municipalities are responsible for building and managing sewage systems, creating networks for stormwater collection, and reusing treated wastewater. However, half of the treated effluents are discharged into the Arabian Gulf.\n\nThe main reasons for this are:\n\n  • Lack of transmission and distribution networks to supply end-users (which are mainly forests and private companies such as golf resorts);\n  • Lower demand due to the financial downturn from 2008-2014;\n  • Cultural obstacles, such as convincing farmers to use recycled water.\n\nCloud seeding\n\nThe UAE is one of the countries pioneering cloud seeding and artificial rainmaking in the MENA region. It spent 2 million dirhams (around $550,000) on cloud seeding operations in 2015. \n\nCloud seeding usually takes place over the eastern mountain ranges on the border with Oman and aims to raise levels in aquifers and reservoirs in the area. However, some cloud seeding over the cities has also been carried out. Although this technique has proved its success in increasing the amount of precipitation, a detailed cost-benefit analysis needs to be carried out to ensure that it is a viable water source compared to other methods such as desalination or even water conservation campaigns.\n\nDesalination plants in the UAE\n\nDue to a lack of freshwater sources, the UAE needs to identify a sustainable desalination solution to meet long-term water needs. Connecting desalination technologies to renewable energy is one great solution.\n\nThe water consumed in the UAE is mainly desalinated, dependent on electricity in case of reverse osmosis, or a by-product of electricity generation through multiple-effect distillation (MED) and multiple-stage flash distillation (MSF).\n\nSome of the desalination plants in the UAE include:\n\n  • Shuweihat S2 power and water plant (in Abu Dhabi):  \n\nThis has a production capacity of 1510 Mega Watt (MW) of electricity and 100 Million Imperial Gallons (MIGD) of water per day\n\n  • Jebel Ali power station (in Dubai):\n\nThis is the largest power and desalination plant in the UAE, with six gas turbines capable of producing 2060 MW and 140 MIGD of water.\n\n  • F2 Plant in Fujairah:\n\nIt is a greenfield power generation and seawater desalination plant with 2850 MW of power capacity and 230 MIGD of water.\n\nA few other desalination plants on the UAE are; \n\n  • Al Bainounah Power Company in Abu Dhabi\n  • Umm Al-Nar Power Company in Abu Dhabi\n  • Abu Mussa in Sharjah\n  • Al Humriyah in Sharjah\n  • Al Mirfa Power Company in Abu Dhabi. Etc.\n\nDams in the UAE\n\nThe UAE has taken a keen interest in dams and rainwater harvesting projects. Dams contribute to protection from floods and flow risks and improve the quality and quantity of the water situation in the aquifer by increasing the feeding rates of groundwater.\n\nIn 2013, the number of dams and levees amounted to 130, with a total storage capacity of about 120 million cubic meters of water.\n\nFrom 1982 until December 2013, the water captured in dams reached around 600 million cubic meters, which improved aquifers and agriculture.\n\nDams in the UAE include:\n\n  • Wadi Al Beeh dam (Length: 575m, height: 18m)\n    • Location: Al Beeh Wadi in northern Ras Al Khaima(RAK)\n    • Purpose: Feed the underground water.\n    • It feeds water to Al Burairat and Al Hamraniya in RAK.\n  • Wadi Ghalfa dam (Length: 235m, height: 8m)\n    • Location: Masfout region in Wadi Ghalfa (a middle agricultural region)\n    • Purpose: Feed the underground water.\n  • Al Shuwaib dam (Length: 3,000m, height: 11m)\n    • Location: Al Ain\n    • Purpose: to impound water and enhance reclamation\n    • It is one of the largest projects carried out by the government. It has a storage capacity of 31 million cubic meters.\n  • Wadi Wareaa dam (Length: 367m, height: 33m)\n    • Location: Wadi Wareaa (eastern agricultural region of the UAE)\n    • Purpose: Feed the groundwater and protect the area from floods.\n    • It slopes from Masafi hill and pours into the Gulf of Oman. The dam feeds the areas of Al Badiya and Khor Fakkan.\n  • Wadi Basira dam (Length: 885m, height: 8m)\n    • Location: Wadi Basira (eastern agricultural region of the UAE)\n    • Purpose: Feed the groundwater areas in Dibba and protect the area from floods\n  • Wadi Ham dam (Length: 2800m, height: 16m)\n    • Location: Fujairah (eastern region of the UAE).\n    • Purpose: Feed the underground water, protect the area from floods, and enhance water quality.\n    • The dam feeds the local areas in Fujairah and Kalba.\n  • Wadi Azan dam (Length: 110m, height: 10m)\n    • Location: Wadi Azan (Northern agricultural region)\n    • Purpose: Feed the underground water\n    • It is a small dam which impounds water and mitigates its speed. It feeds Azan and Al Hamraniyah areas.\n  • Wadi Al Ghail dam (Length: 26m, height: 4.5m)\n    • Location: Wadi Al Ghail (northern region).\n    • Purpose: Supply irrigation water for Al Ghail area and feed the underground water.\n\nThe UAE Water Security Strategy 2036\n\nThe UAE Water Security Strategy 2036 is a UAE government initiative to solve the pure water scarcity problem to provide sufficient water for its people. The project aims to ensure sustainable access to water during the normal and emergency condition in line with standards set by local authorities and the WHO.\n\nThe strategy is to set to focus on three main programs which are:\n\n  1. Water Demand Management Programme\n  2. Water Supply Management Programme\n  3. Emergency Production and Distribution Programme\n\nOther things the strategy also takes care of are the development of policies, awareness campaigns on water conservation, the introduction of advanced technologies employed in water treatment, and building up the country’s capability in tackling the long-time challenge of water scarcity.\n\nThe objectives of the strategy according to the ministry of Energy and Industry are:\n\n  • To reduce to the barest minimum the total demand for water resources (by up to 21%)\n  • To increase water productivity index $110 per Cubic meter\n  • To reduce the water scarcity index by 3\n  • To maximize the reuse of treated water by up to 95%\n  • To increase the water storage capacity of the country to a minimum of 2 days (in normal conditions), or 16 days (in emergency conditions) and 45 days (Under extreme emergency conditions).\n\nAmongst the implementations of the strategy is the establishment of 6 network connections linking water and electricity across the country. The water networks available are aimed at providing a minimum of 91 liters of water to one person per day during emergency situations and capable of providing 30 liters during extreme emergencies. If the strategy is implemented successfully, it is sure to cut down the emission of carbon dioxide which is a dangerous gas that is emitted in the process of water desalination, and simultaneously help the country to save at least AED 74 billion which is supposed to be spent on water purification processes.\n\nIn conclusion\n\nOne of the most valuable natural resources is water and even though the UAE is naturally at a disadvantage with natural freshwater, the country has made great strides in incorporating innovative methods and implementing various strategies to not only conserve freshwater and utilize seawater but also use techniques to generate more water.\n\nIt is not a hidden fact that the United Arab Emirates is one of the most arid regions of the world currently experiencing an acute shortage of fresh water. However, the high revenues from the oil and gas economic sector permit to provide hefty volumes of water desalination. The state possesses all the essential dynamism, fiscal, personnel, and decision-making resources that allows it to find operational and proficient solutions.\n\nThe UAE Government implements long-term programs based on the active interaction between the state and private businesses in order to solve problems in the ground of water supply. Today, dozens of desalination plants and installations operate in the United Arab Emirates. However, when solving some problems, the government has to face other difficulties. This is because the process of seawater desalination is quite a power-consuming and cost-intensive process.\n\nTherefore, the authorities are in constant search for alternative solutions. Desalination in the UAE is reaching a new level, which implies minimal costs and preservation of the environment. The problem of freshwater supply in the UAE remains relevant as the currently used technology for seawater desalination consumes large amounts of fossil fuels and electrical energy. This situation is aggravated by the rapidly increasing population, urbanization, and economic needs.\n\n1 thought on “Water in the UAE. Where do they get it and how is it purified?”\n\nLeave a Comment", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5123518705368042}
+{"content": "How much can be cut off a hollow core door?\n\nHow Much Can You Trim off a Hollow Core Door? Removing an inch or so from a hollow core door to allow for a thicker carpet, misread tape measure or wonky doorframe will be fine. However, cut off too much – roughly over 2 inches – and you may notice that the edge of the door is no longer solid.\n\nHow much can I trim off an internal door?\n\nCan you trim internal doors? Most internal doors manufacturers advise different trimming tolerances so as a standard and to be on the safe side we advise that you don’t trim more than 5mm per side. This is with the exception of LPD, which only allow 3mm on each side.\n\nHow much can you cut off the bottom of a Jeld Wen hollow core door?\n\n2. If necessary to fit the existing jamb, a maximum of 1/4″ can be trimmed from each side of hollow or solid core molded and flush doors only. Trimming any other type is not recommend.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  How do you clean plastic shower door seals?\n\nHow many inches can you cut off a door?\n\nCutting the top will leave the doorknob at a “standard” height. The maximum amount allowable to trim off any standard 80 inch door is 39 1/2 inches off both the top and the bottom. If you cut off more than that, the door will fall apart.\n\nHow much can I cut off the bottom of a bifold door?\n\nYou can trim off 1″ from the top and 1″ from the bottom to equal out the look of the doors if you want to trim them. The home improvement store may do them for you free of charge if you do not have the equipment to do it yourself.\n\nHow much can you trim off a Hume door?\n\nA trimming allowance of up to 3mm is allowed on all doors. and 5mm at the bottom (above the floor covering). Place your door on workbench & remove all packaging. Transfer all measurements to the door & clamp the door in preparation for trimming.\n\nHow do you fix the bottom of a hollow door?\n\nHollow door fix\n\n  1. Cut the door to the right length.\n  2. Clamp stiff boards to both sides of the bottom (as shown).\n  3. Fill the hollow door bottom with expanding foam insulation.\n  4. After the foam dries, trim off the excess with a utility knife and rehang the door.\n\n\nCan you cut a hollow core door in half?\n\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Will a slug go through a car door?\n\nHow thick is the frame on a hollow core door?\n\n* Stile and rail frame dimensions may vary due to specifications. Maximum Size: 4′ 0″ X 8′ 0″ Thickness: 1 3/8″ or 1 3/4″ Stiles and Rails*: 1 1/8″ minimum; Fingerjoint; Fiber.\n\nCan you plane a hollow core door?\n\nA-Hollow-core doors have solid-wood frames several inches deep, and the edges can be planed moderately if necessary. … If the screws are loose because of enlarged holes, dip wooden matches or toothpicks in wood glue and force them into the holes, then let the glue dry.\n\nHow much can you trim a solid core door?\n\n\nCan you trim a solid door?\n\nIf one is cutting down a “solid core” door, clean out the core material as David described, then use the cutoff piece to reblock the door. You will need to clean off the skins, but the piece should fit back in well.\n\nCan you trim an interior door?\n\nTrim the Door to Fit\n\nMore than that use a circular saw. If you must to cut the height, trim the thicker rail at the bottom of the door. To trim the width, take evenly from both sides. To cut the door with a circular saw, place painter’s tape along the cut line.\n\n Profil Doors", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6890838742256165}
+{"content": "Representation of Decimals on Number Line\n\nDecimals are used in situations where more precision is required in comparison to the whole numbers. For example, when we have to divide 3 apples among 4 kids, we cannot use whole numbers to denote the result of the division, as the fraction of share that is 0.75 lies between 0 and 1. In order to deal with similar other systems, the concept of decimal was introduced.\n\nWhat are Decimal Numbers?\n\nA decimal number is a number where the integer part is separated from the fractional part with the help of a decimal point. The digits are placed to the left and to the right of the decimal to represent numbers greater than or less than one.\n\nThere are certain rules to be followed while reading a decimal number. For e.g. 1.23 is read as one point two three and not one point twenty-three.\n\nWhat is Decimal Representation?\n\nIn Number system, each and every real number can be represented in the form of a decimal. The decimal representation of any non-negative real numbers “r” is an expression which is in the form of series is traditionally written as:\n\n\\(r = \\sum_{i=0}^{\\infty}\\frac{a_{i}}{10^{i}}\\)\n\nwhere a0 is a non-negative integer\n\na1, a2, …are the integers satisfying the condition 0≤ ai≤ 9\n\nFor example, if we take the rational number 1/2, it can also be written as 0.5. In the given example,\n\n“0” represents the whole number part\n\n“.” represents a decimal point\n\n“5” represents the decimal part.\n\nFor any rational number which is the ratio of any two number can have either a terminating decimal representation or a repeating representation. Similarly, for any fraction of number, we can represent the number using the decimal value. Some of the examples of the recurring decimal representations are as follows:\n\n1/3 = 0.33333..\n\n1/7 =  0.142857142857…\n\nIn order to understand the concept of decimals, let us make a square table with 1 row and 10 columns, as shown in the figure.\n\nLet us fill four of these blocks, as shown below\n\nThe fraction of colored blocks to the total blocks can be written as 4/10. Another representation for the same can be given in terms of decimals, like 0.4. Here 0.4 = 4 * or can be written as 4 tenths.\n\nSimilarly, if we take a square of 10 rows and 10 columns, we get 100 small squares. If we colour 27 of these blocks, the fractional representation can be written as 27/100.\n\nHere 27/100 = 27*1/100 = 27 hundredth which is represented in the decimal form as 0.27.\n\nSo when we have a number 2.34, it is equivalent to 2 + 3tenths and 4 hundredths.\n\nHow to Represent the Decimals on the Number Line?\n\nWe know how to represent whole numbers on the number line. Let us consider the image shown. Here, the digits 0 and 1 are represented on the number line.\n\nIf we divide the number line into two equal parts, as shown in the figure below, what value does mid-point hold? We will say half of what the graduation between 0 and 1 holds.\n\nSo, the point represents (1-0)/2 = 0.5\n\nIn order to represent decimal on the number line, we divide the section between two whole numbers as per the places after decimal present in the number to be represented.\n\nDecimal Representation on Number Line Examples\n\nExample 1:\n\nRepresent 0.8 on the number line.\n\n\nAs we know, the number 0.8 is equivalent to 8 tenths, so we divide the section between 0 and 1 into 10 equal parts. Now, stepping 8 points from 0 towards 1 gives us 0.8.\n\nExample 2:\n\nRepresent 8.6 on the number line.\n\n\nThe number 8.6 = 8 + 0.6\n\nWe start from the number 8 on the number line and divide the section between 8 and 9 into 10 equal parts. Now, taking 6 steps from 8 towards 9 helps us represent 8.6", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9992586374282837}
+{"content": "::Statutory college\n\n\nCollege::state    Colleges::college    State::cornell    Private::school    Funding::tuition    Alfred::students\n\nIn American higher education, particular to the state of New York, a statutory college or contract college is a college or school that is a component of an independent, private university that has been designated by the state legislature to receive significant, ongoing public funding from the state. The statutory college is operated by the university on behalf of the state, with the mission of serving specific educational needs of the state. New York's statutory colleges are administratively affiliated with the State University of New York (SUNY) system, and receive funding from SUNY's operating budget; however, SUNY ultimately has little control over the academic functions of these colleges — research to be pursued, admission standards, standards for completion of degrees and which academic programs are offered are determined by the statutory college's private institution. There are five statutory colleges: four located at Cornell University and one located at Alfred University.\n\nThe terms \"statutory college\" and \"contract college\" derive from the fact that each of these dually affiliated colleges or schools is operated independently from the state pursuant to statute or under contract with the state. In the case of Cornell University, the colleges and schools that do not receive direct funding from the state are generally referred to as endowed colleges, to differentiate them from the statutory colleges. On other campuses they are called \"private.\"\n\nThe New York State Education law uses both \"contract college\" and \"statutory college\" to describe these state-supported colleges.<ref>NYS Education Law § 350(3)</ref>\n\nStatutory college sections\nIntro  At Cornell University  At Alfred University  At Syracuse University  Roles of the state and the private university  Other affiliations between New York State and private universities  Federal, statutory-college-type relationships within New York State  Outside New York State  International use of \\\"statutory college\\\" designator  External links  Notes  \n\nPREVIOUS: IntroNEXT: At Cornell University", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9278713464736938}
+{"content": "How Today's Cybercriminals Sneak into Your Inbox\n\nThe tactics and techniques most commonly used to slip past security defenses and catch employees off guard.\n\nCybercriminals are constantly altering their techniques to bypass increasingly advanced technical controls in order to deliver credential phishing attacks, business email compromise (BEC), and different forms of malware to unsuspecting users who rarely think twice about clicking.\n\nBetween Oct. 2018 and March 2019, researchers with the Cofense Phishing Defense Center analyzed 31,429 malicious emails. At 23,195, credential phishing attacks fueled the bulk of emailed cyberattacks, followed by malware delivery (4,835), BEC (2,681), and scams (718). Subtle tactics like changing file types, or using shortened URLs, are giving hackers a hand.\n\n\"We do continue to see them evolve with simple adjustments,\" says Cofense co-founder and CTO Aaron Higbee. Credential-phishing emails using fake log-in pages are tough to stop at the gateway because often associated infrastructure doesn't seem malicious. Some campaigns, to disguise malintent, send emails from genuine Office 365 tenants using already compromised credentials or legitimate accounts – and a fake login page hosted on Microsoft infrastructure is \"nearly impossible\" to distinguish.\n\nResearchers report many secure email gateways don't scan every URL; instead, they only focus on the type of URLs people actually click. But with more phishing attacks leveraging single-use URLs, enterprise risk grows. Attackers only need one set of legitimate credentials to break into a network, which is why credential phishing is such a popular attack technique, they explain.\n\nCloud adoption is changing the game for attackers hunting employee login data. Businesses are shifting the location of their login pages and, consequently, access to network credentials.\n\n\"As organizations continue to move to cloud services, we see attackers going after cloud credentials,\" Higbee says. \"We are also seeing attackers use popular cloud services like SharePoint, OneDrive, to host phishing kits. When the threat actor can obtain credentials, they are able to log into the hosted service as a legitimate user.\"\n\nIt's tough for organizations to defend against cloud-based threats because they don't always have the same visibility to logs and infrastructure as they do in the data center. It's a complex issue, Higbee continues, because businesses may engage with cloud providers and fail to include security teams, which need to be kept in the loop on monitoring and visibility needs.\n\nSpecial Delivery: Malware\n\nMore attackers are using atypical, different file types to bypass attachment controls of email gateways and deliver payloads. As an example, researchers point to when Windows 10 changed file-handling for .ISO files, which gave hackers an opportunity to shift away from the .ZIP or .RAR files usually inspected by security tools. In April 2019, Cofense saw attackers rename .ISO files to .IMG, successfully transmitting malware through secure gateways.\n\n\"The gateway sees this as a random attachment, but when you download the file to the device, Windows 10 treats it as an archive and opens it in explorer allowing the victim to click the contents within,\" says Higbee. \"Nothing changed in the malware, just the file extension name.\"\n\nThere is a challenge in defending against these types of threats because, as Higbee points out, there are legitimate attachment types you can't block without disrupting the business. \"We see this with PDF files that include links to the malicious site that might be a spoofed login page where they could capture credentials,\" he adds. Businesses can't blindly block these file types.\n\nSome attackers rely on \"installation-as-a-service,\" through which they can pay to have malware installed on a machine, or group of machines, anywhere in the world. As Cofense points out, Emotet started as a banking Trojan but gained popularity as a loader for other malware; now, its operators have transformed Emotet into a complex bot responsible for several functions.\n\nCyberattackers who sent malware via malicious attachments in the past year exhibited a strong preference (45%) for exploiting a Microsoft Office memory corruption vulnerability (CVE-2017-11882). In previous years, they had heavily used malicious macros, which only accounted for 22% of malware delivery tactics this past year.\n\nCVE-2017-11882 lets attackers abuse a flaw in Microsoft Equation Editor that enables arbitrary code execution. They can chain together multiple OLE objects to create a buffer overflow, which can be used to execute arbitrary commands often involving malicious executables. Equation Editor is an old application and lacks security of recent Microsoft programs; researchers expect the flaw will be exploited less as companies patch and use newer apps.\n\nRelated Content:\n\nRecommended Reading:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8350183963775635}
+{"content": "Traditional Gender Roles In Shakespeare's The Merchant Of Venice\n\n959 Words4 Pages\nDuring the time of the renaissance it was not uncommon to see a male playing the role of a female in theater. However, as time has progressed women have been given more opportunities and rights. It has been seen that women have taken over the roles of not only female but male as well. In popular plays like Hamlet or Julius Caesar, women played the major roles of the opposite gender. This can be seen in not only in Shakespeare 's theater, but in other popular scripts as well. For instance, within the popular children 's movie, Peter Pan there has been a female playing the main role of Peter. Now, Shakespeare has written many outstanding plays, but within his story Merchant of Venice there are multiple illustrations of traditional gender roles seen throughout the play. Portia, for example, is a rich and beautiful heiress within the play. She is bound by her father to find a suter, not of her choosing. She is a symbol for the roles women of her time had to follow but also a rugged individualist who defies parts of what she is meant to do. Portia does this through, acting as a boy in order to argue in court, playing tricks with Narissa on their newlywed husbands, and taking part in her father 's lottery. In shakespeare 's time it was easy for women to turn into men. Putting on the…show more content…\nHer actions for instance, dressing as a boy to defend in court, playing a trick on Bassonia, and being forced into her fathers lottery, were actions that made her a “good girl” and a “bad girl” at the same time according to society. Throughout the movie there were constant illustrations of traditional gender roles with not only Portia but all the characters as well. This made every character individual and unique which expressed common ways people would act within shakespeare 's\nOpen Document", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7250446081161499}
+{"content": "HomeBlogI forget things...\n\nI forget things...\n\nI am distracted, I do not remember names, I find it difficult to find words to communicate, or sometimes I have become disoriented... Today I would like to talk to you about the different diagnoses we usually reach when patients consult us for these reasons.\n\nDuring my training as a geriatric medic, memory and behavior were something that always caught my attention. When you are a resident and you rotate through different hospital departments or you are in the emergency room, memory failures, delirium and dementia are the order of the day. Differentiating, identifying and treating them makes this specialty, psychogeriatrics, a challenge. It is amazing how the brain can put you through such unexpected situations, and not only the sufferer of these symptoms, but also the family, who do not understand what is happening.\n\nI can think of three possible situations that we can encounter:\n\n1. On the one hand, there are those cases in which a family member or person close to us begins to speak incoherently for the first time and without warning. It is then when a series of thoughts come to our head: What is happening? Will he recover or is it for good? But...if he was fine, it never happened to him before, why is it happening now?\n\n2. On the other hand, there are those cases in which we begin to take the first steps on an unknown path. We begin to notice small memory failures in a punctual and very subtle way. We may fail in small things, we may not remember some recent conversations and situations we have experienced. We start to wonder if it's an age thing and it is within the expected for someone like me, or if I should go to the doctor because it may not be normal.\n\n3. Finally, there are those who have already come a long way, a road that can often be hard and not easy to travel. A road, with many feelings in between, in which we see our relative gradually losing autonomy... Will it be the last admission? How will he be after this?....\n\nThese are some of the many questions we can ask ourselves when we begin to realize that the person next to us or our own head begins to fail.\n\nMany times it is not memory that is affected in the first place, it can be behavior, language, language comprehension, mood, sleep, even personality.\n\nDo we all age the same? \n\nWhen we talk about brain aging, we must know that this is a very complex process in which there is a significant variability, resulting from the interaction of different factors, both external (e.g. environment) and internal (e.g. genetics).\n\nIs it normal to lose memory as you get older? \n\n\"It's just that your father is 90 years old, what do you expect?\" \"He's 80 years old and his head is going a little, but of course, that's normal at that age\" I hear these types of phrases every day from patients' relatives as well as from my own medical colleagues. And the truth is...\n\nAnswering the question: No, no and no. I like to emphasize this a lot. The correct thing to say would be that it is common in older people to see memory lapses, but that does not mean that it is normal and that we should therefore not attach importance to it.\n\nIt is clear that they are frequent alterations at that age and that the infrequent are those people to whom we refer to as exceptional or resistant aging. People who are nowadays octogenarians or nonagenarians who continue working, winning awards, writing books, making films, etc.\n\nBut there are also several people who show resilience (ability to adapt to adverse situations). People who, when they present a brain damage, are able to adapt to it in such a way that their performance is not affected in their daily life. \n\nWhat do we call Subjective Memory complaints?\n\nIt is a very frequent reason for consultation. It is usually people over 60 years of age who come to the clinic saying that they believe they are suffering from memory loss and that they have the feeling of having a lower performance than people of the same age.  \n\nIt is usually a concern that is repeated over time, but it is subtle, as they tend not to forget important appointments or news. \n\nIn the consultation, the results of the neuropsychological assessment are within the normal range. However, we always recommend a yearly check-up or earlier if a family member detects any worsening. \n\nIf this happens to us, it is time to start being active if we are not, and follow some recommendations which we will discuss in a later chapter. \n\nWhat is Cognitive Impairment?\n\nThis is a syndrome (set of signs and symptoms) characterized by a loss of memory and / or other cognitive functions of the person that can be verified by the patient and confirmed by the family / caregiver. \n\nIn the consultation in this case, when performing the neuropsychological examination tests, we will observe results below what is expected. On the contrary, functionality is usually preserved. When we talk about functionality we refer to whether the person is autonomous or not to perform basic activities of daily living (showering, dressing, toileting, eating) and/or instrumental (money, shopping, medication, cooking, etc).\n\nThis is the time to consider further tests in order to reach a more accurate diagnosis in order to start a specific treatment if any. \n\nAnd Dementia...\n\nIt would be the sum of the progressive loss of cognitive functions called cognitive impairment with the loss of functionality of the patient.\n\nIn this case, in addition to a low performance in the neuropsychological examination, there is a loss of autonomy in basic and instrumental activities of daily living, the latter being the first to be affected. \n\nWe will go deeper into cognitive impairment, dementias, behavioral alterations and treatments in another publication at a later date. \n\nOriginal source of the entry: https://www.casageriatra.com/blog\n\n\n\nHead of the Psychogeriatrics Unit - Bermingham Hospital\n\nAdd new comment\n\nPlain text\n\n  • No HTML tags allowed.\n  • Lines and paragraphs break automatically.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7594135403633118}
+{"content": "If you are looking for a walk to explore then these historic Northamptonshire railway tunnels are perfect.\n\nThis historic Kelmarsh Tunnel is open to the public and promises a unique ramble.\n\nLying to the east of Kelmarsh village, the abandoned tunnel is now part of a woodland trail that starts near Oxendon.\n\nREAD MORE: Man fights for life as gang leaves man for dead in Kettering\n\nAlthough it is now part of a public walk, Kelmarsh Tunnel was once part of the Northampton to Market Harborough railway line and dates back to 1859.\n\nA similar tunnel is based further north on the same walk near Oxendon and formed part of the same line.\n\nBoth tunnels are just under 300m long, a fact that led to many of the train drivers giving them the unpleasant nickname \"the rat-holes\".\n\n\nWhile the tunnels are both open for the public to walk through, they might not be for everyone's tastes.\n\nEach tunnel has a large metal gate at its entrance and although they often stand open, it gives the tunnel an ominous feel as you approach it.\n\nWalking through the Kelmarsh Tunnel is also not for the faint of heart as you are blanketed in darkness as soon as you step foot inside.\n\nPlans to install lighting along the tunnel have been rejected by the council, leaving most of the route in pitch-black darkness.\n\nKelmarsh Tunnel is nearly 300m long\nKelmarsh Tunnel is nearly 300m long\n\nVentilation shafts about halfway down the tunnel let in light and rain.\n\nTo make the walk even spookier, a species of moth called the Triphosa dubitata are known to live inside the tunnels during the winter.\n\nAlso known as \"The Tissue\" the moth can have a wingspan of up to 5cm and is brown in colour.\n\nOne reviewer on Tripadvisor, who visited in October last year, said: \"We did a walk through the tunnel as part of our Halloween activities.\n\n\"It turned out to be great fun, very spooky and a ghostly atmosphere in the dark added to our enjoyment.\n\n\"A torch is essential as is good navigating skills to find the car park. Don't rely on your sat nav as you could end up in the middle of nowhere!\"\n\n\nStay in the loop with free email updates from Northants Live\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7065315842628479}
+{"content": "The theatre arts fill a unique role in exploring and communicating the human experience. Rooted in the universal need for understanding and communicative expression, theatre enables us to explore thought, feeling, and behavior by mirroring the human condition through imitation and symbolic action. Our theatre program encourages creative thinking, experimentation, and respect for the ideas and efforts of others,  fostering an environment of character development and cultural awareness.\nOakcrest strives to provide challenging and age-appropriate theatrical opportunities that encourage girls’ personal, intellectual, character, faith, and leadership development. Performance material is selected for its potential to positively impact family and society.\n    • Theatre Teacher Dr. Kristin O'Malley\n\nUpcoming Events\n\nList of 3 events.\n\nPast Productions\n\n1619 Crowell Road, Vienna, VA 22182", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8864513039588928}
+{"content": "Tyson Fury vs Deontay Wilder: UK fight date and time - and where you can watch it\n\nFury and Wilder will be meeting this weekend for the third time, in their first fight since the covid pandemic\n\nFriday, 8th October 2021, 5:28 pm\nUpdated Friday, 8th October 2021, 5:32 pm\n\nTipped to be the fight of the year, in the early hours of Sunday morning Tyson Fury and Deontay Wilder will meet in the ring again for the third time.\n\nOriginally meant to take place on July 24, 2021, the fight was rescheduled after Fury tested positive for Coronavirus.\n\nNeither fighter has had a go in the ring since their 2020 rematch and there is much anticipation ahead of this bout.\n\nFury and Wilder at their pre-fight press event on Wednesday, October 6.\n\nWhen is the fight?\n\nThe event kicks off on Sunday, October 10, 2021, at 02:00 am UK time at the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas, the same venue their second fight took place.\n\nThe Fury, Wilder fight isn't expected to take place before 04:00am, but the earlier undercard fights will impact the time.\n\nThis means that UK viewers are set to have a long, late night - better get the coffee ready!\n\nFull fight under card\n\nEfe Ajagba vs Frank Sanchez\n\nRobert Helenius vs Adam Kownacki\n\nJared Anderson vs Vladimir Tereshkin\n\nRobeisy Ramirez vs Orlando Gonzalez\n\nEdgar Berlanga vs Marcelo Esteban Coceres\n\nJulian Williams vs Vladimir Hernandez\n\nRances Barthelemy vs TBA\n\nViktor Vykhryst vs Mike Marshall\n\nElvis Rodriguez vs Victor Vazquez\n\nBruce Carrington vs Cesar Cantu\n\nWhere can you watch Fury vs Wilder 3 fight?\n\nThe fight is available to watch in the UK on BT Sport for a pay-per-view cost of £24.95.\n\nSome fans are unhappy with the cost - especially with it taking place in the early hours of Sunday morning.\n\nWhen is the weigh-in?\n\nThe weigh-in will take place on Friday, October 8, 2021 at 22:00 BST.\n\nOn Wednesday at the pre-fight press event, Fury and Wilder had choice words to say to one another.\n\nWith Fury saying: “Wilder said I only won the second fight because I cheated and then he changes his whole team and trains harder than he ever has. If I only won because I was cheating what was the point in doing all this other work?\"\n\nFury vs Wilder 3 fight prediction\n\nFury is currently the firm favourite, with current odds at 1/3 for him to be declared the winner.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8848294019699097}
+{"content": "Bruce Dunn\n\nBruce Dunn, is a man who has lived life.\n\nOften without a care, Bruce is a clever, charming and crafty songwriter, musician and a multi faceted entertainer of people.\n\nBruce had a series of life altering events in as which led to an severe isolation.\n\nWhile most would be left with a devastating future. Bruce came out of his introspective - changed and has become a very strong songwriter and musician, and a very solid person.\n\nIt really reflects in his music, this is not just a great album.\n\nIt is a classic.\n\nrear jacket.jpg", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6811997890472412}
+{"content": "Stay at an STF Hotel\n\nSTF’s hotels can be found in the enchanting Swedish countryside, by the sea, or in the big cities. Always offering personalized service, they are anything but large-scale and anonymous. What you can expect instead is hotels where cleaning is provided and the comfy beds are made. Most rooms have their own shower and toilet. Breakfast is normally available too.\n\nWhat do STF's hotels offer?\n\nYou can always count on a genuine and sustainable stay with us. If you book a hotel room, your bed is always made for you when you arrive. Our friendly and inviting communal spaces are perfect for getting to know other travellers. Many of STF's hotels have a restaurant or a café, others simply offer a delicious breakfast.\n\nSome hotels provide both hotel and hostel services. This means that you can choose the one you prefer, making your stay completely bespoke, whether you are travelling for leisure or for business. Whatever the type of accommodation, you’ll always get the same welcoming atmosphere.\n\n\nSTF continues its strong focus on offering you a safe stay during the pandemic. We monitor developments closely and adapt our operations quickly to adhere to the general advice from the Public Health Agency. When you book through our website, you will always be given flexible booking conditions, regardless of changes to your own holiday plans or the world around you.\n\nInformation about our COVID-related changes and booking conditions\n\nGenuine hotels with a personal touch\n\nSTF's hotels are carefully selected for their dedicated and personable hosts. They are also truly unique hotels. So you can spend the night in a yurt, in the mountains, or in the middle of a beech forest. You will be taken care of by knowledgeable owners, who can offer recommendations about exciting discoveries in the local area. In our hotels, your accommodation becomes a part of the holiday adventure.\n\nYou can even rent the whole building and have it exclusively to yourselves for meetings, parties or summer camps.\n\n\nSaying goodbye to a loyal companion can be difficult...\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.531772255897522}
+{"content": "Forums » Feline Medicine\n\nUnderstanding the Influence of Hematuria on Urine Evaluation\n\n  • November 7, 2018 6:18 PM EST\n\n    Urine is generally analyzed in three basic ways in veterinary practice:  chemistry is obtained using a dry reagent strip (\"dipstick\"), specific gravity is evaluated using a refractometer, and sediment (cells and other solid materials) is visualized and characterized with a light microscope. A commonly used second-tier test is a urine protein-to-urine creatinine ratio (UPCR).  The UPCR is used to detect clinically significant proteinuria.  Blood may be present in urine either in macroscopic quantities (visually detectable color change) or microscopic quantities, and blood may enter urine in several ways: either through the presence of disease, usually in the urinary tract itself, or iatrogenically secondary to cystocentesis.\n\n    This retrospective study of urine samples from 279 dogs and 120 cats collected either through natural voiding or cystocentesis was performed at a veterinary teaching hospital. Goals of the study were to determine the influence of hematuria on dipstick analysis, urine specific gravity (USG), and UPCR. Although no information regarding patients' signalment, history, and method of urine collection was included in the study, any samples that were visibly discolored (red, orange, or brown) or containing >5 red blood cells/high-powered microscope field and/or >5 white blood cells/high-powered microscope field on sediment evaluation were excluded from the study.  \n\n    To evaluate the influence of the presence of varying amounts of blood in the urine samples on laboratory assessment, the urine samples were centrifuged twice, and then the supernatants were pooled to create 30 pooled samples per species. Feline blood collected 24 hours prior and preserved in EDTA under refrigeration was then added to the undiluted pooled feline urine samples, which had been divided into aliquots that were diluted serially to 1:20, 1:40, 1:80, 1:160, 1:320, 1:1,280, and 1:5,120, such that a dilution of 1:20 represented 1 part of blood to 19 parts of urine.  A color was assigned to each level of dilution by the same examiner, who also obtained a USG on each diluted sample with a refractometer. Sediment evaluations to obtain the number of red blood cells/high-powered microscope field for each dilution were also performed. In addition, an initial analysis in which EDTA only was added to three urine pools for each species demonstrated that the presence of EDTA at any of the dilution levels did not change any of the dipstick results for either cats or dogs.\n\n    Once blood was added to the feline urine samples, dipstick blood almost always read out as 3 (range 0-4) in all samples regardless of color, from light yellow through red. Feline samples diluted by blood read out significantly higher in bilirubin in dark pink and red samples, higher in ketones in red samples, and higher in protein in dark pink and red samples compared to feline urine samples undiluted by blood. In red samples, pH readings on the dipstick were significantly lower than in undiluted urine.  The presence of any amount of blood in feline urine did not affect the dipstick glucose score. Specific gravity readings by refractometer were significantly higher in dark pink and red samples than in undiluted urine.\n\n    The UPCR in the undiluted feline samples was significantly lower (P < 0.001) compared to that in all blood-diluted samples and all urine colors evaluated, except for light yellow. As the color of the blood-diluted cat urine samples progressed from light yellow to red, the UPCR category obtained also progressed from non-proteinuric\n    (< 0.2), to borderline (0.2-0.4), to proteinuric (>0.4). All (100%) of the light pink to red feline urine samples had a higher proteinuria category than the same undiluted sample, while almost half (48%) of the light to dark yellow feline urine samples also demonstrated more proteinuria than the same undiluted sample.\n\n    This study had the following important conclusions:\n\n    1) Blood contamination, even if microscopic, can increase the bilirubin dipstick reading in a urine sample. As bilirubinuria is always considered abnormal in cats, a positive bilirubin dipstick reading in cat urine with any level of blood contamination should be interpreted with caution, as it may be artifact asociated with blood contamination rather than a marker of hepatobiliary or hemolytic disease.\n\n    2) Blood contamination does not significantly alter the glucose reading on a urine dipstick.\n\n    3) Changes in urine pH secondary to blood contamination were of small magnitude. Dipstick urine pH evaluations are less accurate and less reproducible than pH meter readings, so if there are concerns about urine pH, a pH meter reading is recommended.\n\n    4) Although blood contamination has an impact on USG, this is usually not clinically significant. Urine concentrating ability can still be evaluated reliably in most animals despite the presence of hematuria. In cats with a USG slightly below 1.035, azotemia, and visible blood contamination, the hematuria could increase the USG enough for the patient to be considered to have adequate renal urine concentrating ability.\n\n    5) Dipstick protein scores in cats were not found to increase until blood-diluted urine samples were dark pink. However, even microscopic blood contamination only did influence the UPCR. Approximately 75% of the cat urine samples progressed to an increased level of proteinuria when any amount of blood was added. If there are > 250 red blood cells per high-powered microscopic field in a urine sample, proteinuria may be falsely diagnosed.\n\n    Reference: Effect of blood contamination on dipstick evaluation and urine protein-to-urine creatinine ratio for urine samples from dogs and cats.  Am J Vet Res 2018;79:525-531", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9595559239387512}
+{"content": "Shopping Cart\nYour Cart is Empty\nThere was an error with PayPalClick here to try again\n\nScroll Down to View Monthly Specials\n\nVitalized Performance Group\n\nVPG Waves's Other Services\n\n Infra-Red and Ionic Heat Healing compliments of:\n\nRelieves Stress, Improves Mood, Promotes Relaxation\n\nThe BioMat is more relaxing than most other infrared therapy modalities because you can lay down. We also recommend using headphones with ambient music to further the relaxing effects. To read a published study on the stress-relieving effects of the BioMat, click here. Or click here to read a more general scientific study, showing the anti-depressive and anti-anxiety effects of infrared therapy, using an animal model.\n\nSupports Core Body Temperature\n\nEnzymes are responsible for nearly every chemical and biological process in the body, and they are very sensitive to temperature. A small decrease in temperature can cause a large decrease in the activity of an enzyme. Many people have low body temperatures without considering if this could be related to other health problems.\n\nImproves Circulation\n\nWhole-body infrared therapy, also called waon therapy, can increase the temperature of the body, and improve circulation greatly. The capillaries expand, and the hands and feet become warm, in the effort to shed excess heat. This extra blood flow allows more nutrients and oxygen to reach the cells, allows wastes to be rapidly exported, and allows rapid drainage of accumulated lymph. Click Here for a study showing the circulation benefits of waon therapy.\n\nHeals Soft Tissue\n\nFor brand new injuries that involve swelling, ice is usually the best treatment, in order to relieve swelling. However, for existing injuries, such as strains or sprains, or other soft tissue injuries, heat is the best treatment. The BioMat allows you to deliver heat deeply to the injury site, rather than just on the skin. It produces far infrared light without becoming hot to the touch, so you can use it very near to the injury as well. Click here for a study showing rapid and improved wound healing, using infrared therapy\n\nAllows Artificial Fever\n\nHippocrates said that it had the power to produce a fever, he could cure all disease. This is a bit of an overstatement. But still, it’s amazing that even in his time, he understood the body uses fever to fight off disease. It is possible to use the BioMat in order to raise body temperature in a controlled manner, by using the high settings and putting a blanket over yourself. This technique essentially creates a mild artificial fever. There is a fascinating book by Dr. Nobuhiro Yoshimizu, called The Fourth Treatment for Medical Refugees, which describes this technique in detail, and the breathtaking results that were achieved.\n\nBreaks a Sweat\n\nSweating is healthy, and it serves several important biological functions. Aside from cooling us off and unclogging pores, sweating allows our body to excrete accumulated toxic compounds. This study even finds that certain toxins are preferentially excreted through sweat. Going through life without sweating every day is unnatural, at least compared to the rest of human history. Of course, not everyone can exercise vigorously every day. But far infrared therapy does involve some of the same biological\n\nIonic Foot Bath Detoxification Therapy\n\nIts History...\n\n\n\n\n\nTherapeutic Applications...\n\n\n\n\n\n\nKidney or Bladder issues (Cystitis)\n\n\nSkin conditions (Dermatitis, Eczema, Psoriasis, Rosacea)\n\n\nto enhance specific therapies, for example:\n\nNatural Weight Loss Therapy\n\nStop-smoking Therapy\n\nOther conditions enhanced through Ionic Foot Bath Detoxification include:\n\nA weakened immunity...\n\nComplications related to exposure to cigarette smoke...\n\nComplications related to exposure to environmental pesticides and pollutants...\n\n\nHow An Ionic Foot Bath Actually Works...\n\n\nAmethyst Bio Mat 3000 MX Pro\n\n\nThe BioMat is very different from a standard heating pad. It does not contain heating coils or any point sources of heat, so it does not present the practical dangers associated with heating pads. It also has EMF protection built-in. And yet, the BioMat can transfer far more heat into the body, compared to a heating pad. This is because the heat transfer is radiant, not conductive. And since the heat is distributed evenly throughout the body, rather than just on the skin, there is great therapeutic value.\n\nThe radiant heat is produced by hot crystals that cover the surface of the mat, and there are settings to control the desired temperature of the crystals. The crystals are warmed by a flexible conductive heating plate, which was developed originally by NASA in order to safely warm space stations and other space vehicles.\n\ninfraredFar Infrared Light: This is the same phenomenon as visible light, but the wavelength is longer, so we cannot detect it visually. As the wavelength increases, the light can penetrate more deeply, transferring heat very efficiently. This is why sunlight warms us to our bones. If you hold a flashlight behind your fingers, only the red light can penetrate. This is because it has a longer wavelength than the other components of light.\n\nionsNegative Ions: These are air molecules that have an extra electron, hence the negative charge. They are abundant near large sources of moving water. Breathing these free electrons neutralizes oxidizing compounds (free radicals). They are anti-oxidant! You may also notice benefits of mood and alertness, due to increased serotonin levels.\n\namethyst amethyst: Natural crystals convert conductive heat into far infrared light very efficiently. Indeed, all infrared products rely on some kind of crystalline material for this reason, but some products use ceramic or graphite. Natural crystals have long been used for healing purposes, across many different cultures, and there could be a scientific basis for this practice, yet to be discovered.\n\nThe first picture below shows a spectrogram of the light output of the BioMat. You will notice heavy concentrations of light at 6-8 microns and 10-14 microns of wavelength. By producing a mixture of far infrared and medium infrared light, the BioMat is able to deliver heat evenly at many depths in the body, up to 6 inches. Every infrared product on the market has it’s own light signature, or “color,” just like different light bulbs can have different colors. The therapeutic value completely depends on the type of light that is being produced.\n\nThe second picture shows the 17 layers of the BioMat. This design is the result of extensive product research, including many iterations of product development. Each layer performs an important function\n\nFar Infrared heat Sauna Domes\n\nFar infrared sauna domes warm the body similar to natural sunlight without damage to the skin. Sauna Domes work by heating the air within the enclosure and also creates waves of heat that heat the body directly. Infrared heat waves penetrate within the body tissues, not just the surface, stimulating detoxification, increasing circulation and increasing your metabolic rate. Although saunas in general are good for detoxification, an infrared sauna channels heat deeper into the body. Infrared radiant energy penetrates the skin about 5cm deep. In the Infrared sauna dome, the body sweats and receives all of the healthy benefits but avoids the harmful and extreme hot air of a traditional sauna.\n\nImproves Skin\n\nBurns Calories – Once heat conditioned, burns as much as 600 calories in 30 minutes.\n\nRemoves Toxins – Even promotes mercury detoxification!\n\nRelieves Pain – Arthritis, muscle spasms, joint stiffness, sprains.\n\nStrengthens Cardiovascular System – Heart rate, cardiac output and metabolic rate increase, while diastolic blood pressure drops.\n\nReduces Stress/Fatigue\n\nStrengthens Immune System\n\nReduces Swelling of Prostate in Men\n\nControls Excessive Leukorrhea in Women (PMS & Yeast)\n\nWhat is fascia blasting?\n\nFascia is the sheath of connective tissue that surrounds and supports muscles, bones and internal organs. When you feel stiff and cramped after a long period of sitting in the same position or when you wake up stiff in the morning, your normally flexible fascia are likely to blame. With inactivity, fascia can become “stuck,” causing discomfort. Over the years, many different therapies have been developed to alleviate pain or posture problems attributed to fascial stiffness. Perhaps the best known is Rolfing, a system of deep tissue manipulation that aims to restructure the fascia. Massage and physical therapy can also help ease pain of this sort.\n\nFascia blasting is the latest approach. It involves the use of the FasciaBlaster, a white plastic wand with claw-like attachments that you rub on the skin over the painful area for three to five 5 minutes. I can’t tell you whether or not this method works because there have been no scientific studies of it. All we have are testimonials gathered by marketers of the product.\n\nI’m dubious about claims that the FasciaBlaster can reduce cellulite. Its inventor, Ashley Black, maintains that by dealing with fascia you can eliminate cellulite. Black has no educational degrees and no medical credentials. She maintains that “fascia adhesions can pull the skin down and force the fat up, causing dents and dimples commonly known as cellulite. If the fascia were to lay flat, so would the fat.”\n\nIn spite of claims online that women have had success in changing the appearance of cellulite with the FasciaBlaster method, I have never seen any treatment that effectively eliminates it, although many are offered, from creams to dietary supplements to massage, wraps, injections, and special diets.\n\nSource from:\n\nHealth Coaching Services\n\nLife Style Counseling: \n\n The Health Coach will help you utilize all the treatments and advice from the VPG Waves Staff.\n\nThe coach will provide you with VIP treatments for success. \n\nYou will get full attention and learn and practice the skills needed for a life time change. \n 60 minute weekly meal planning and exercise planning\n\nWeekly Weigh-Ins\n\nQ & As\n\nThe coach can meet you at a local grocery store, Whole Foods, or Stop N Shop in Glastonbury,  which ever one is similar to the store you shop at. Learn how to grocery shop for success.\n\n1 trip to a local restaurant and learn how to order and how to eat including posture,  how many chews, small talk etc. \n\nWhat is EFT, Emotional Freedom Technique? What does a Stress Coach Do?\n\nEFT is similar to acupuncture, EFT focuses on the meridian points — or energy hot spots — to restore balance to your body's energy. ... They claim that stimulating the meridian points through EFT tapping can reduce the stress or negative emotion you feel from your issue (disease), ultimately restoring balance to your disrupted energy.\n\nA stress Coach will use many techniques to teach you how to handle stress and reduce stress in your everyday living.  Stress Coaches help teach you how to be more in-tuned with your body and its needs.  You will learn how to give yourself permission to allow healing to begin.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5889644622802734}
+{"content": "Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship Rules \n\nFighters are permitted to wrap and tape the wrist, thumb, and mid-hand. No gauze or tape can be within 1 inch of the knuckles.\n\nFighters will “Toe The Line” There are two lines, three feet apart, in the center of the ring where the fighters will start each round. The front foot will be on the line, and then the referee will instruct the fighters to “Knuckle Up” this means the beginning of the round/bout.\n\nPunches are the only strike allowed and must be a closed fist. (No kicks, elbows, knees, or grappling)\n\nIn a clinch, the fighter may punch his way out with the open hand. If there is a three-second lull in action while clinching, the referee will break the fighters.\n\nIf a fighter gets knocked down, he will have 10 seconds to return to his feet, or the referee will stop the fight. You are NOT permitted to hit a downed fighter. If you do you will be disqualified, and your purse may be withheld. While a fighter is downed, the other fighter will be instructed to report to a neutral area.\n\nIf a fighter is cut, and the blood is impairing the fighter’s vision, the referee may call a timeout a give the cutman 30 seconds to stop the bleeding. If the cut cannot be controlled and the blood inhibits the fighter’s vision, the referee will stop the fight and award victory to the other fighter.\n\nFights are 2 minutes per round and each bout will be 5 rounds in length.\n\nAttire: All fighters must have a groin protector with a cup, a mouthpiece, boxing trunks, and boxing/wrestling shoes.\n\nAll fighters are expected to give 100% effort and behave with complete sportsmanship.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.746597409248352}
+{"content": "write an article on Criteria used in order to evaluate the suitability of web-based language learning. It needs to be at least 3000 words.\n\nIt is hard to imagine, nowadays, to think of education without a computer or the World Wide Web. As technology developed along with internet use, both computers and the internet have become considered a crucial part of everyday life. This phenomenon has also influenced second language teaching and learning. Therefore, in many aspects, technology, especially in language teaching, is developing continuously with many researchers claiming its value (Burston, 1993. Ausserhofer, 1999). Due to its rapid growth, a wide usage of computer and CALL (computer assisted language learning) technology cannot be considered new technology or learning systems anymore. It is undoubtable that computers have become an essential part of human life –whether we like it or not- and for that, what we need to focus on is how to use the CALL effectively and wisely. There are many studies concerning computer assisted language learning in CALL research areas to evaluate CALL itself. Also, a number of researchers have attempted to compare human teaching to computer assisted teaching (Lam & Pennington, 1995. McEnery et al., 1995. Windschitl, 1998. Allum, 2002). On the other hand, there has been relatively limited research on evaluation of web-based language learning (Yang & Akahori, 1999). As both technology and the internet are evolving every day, the number of its users are growing every second. It would be valuable for us to pay attention to the standard CALL evaluation criteria, especially when evaluating the World Wide Web criteria. This paper will present usable appropriate criteria when evaluating CALL, especially with web-based language learning, followed by evaluation of internet sites that are specifically designed for language teaching and learning. This paper mainly concerns evaluation criteria of web-based language learning of CALL. Firstly, the paper will look through web-based language teaching and learning in depth. Then, the paper will focus on presenting trustworthy evaluation criteria followed by an actual evaluation. 2. What is CALL? CALL is an abbreviation of ‘computer assisted language learning,’ which emerged with computer technology growth. To be more specific, CALL is “the search for and the study of application of the computer in language teaching and learning (Levy, 1997)”. With a rapid development in technology, teaching second language by using computers had also remarkable growth. The next section will cover more specifically web-based language learning in depth. 1.1 What is web-based language learning? By the mid-1990s, the internet began to rule the computer lab and affected “professional life” while giving great influence on second language teaching (Chapelle, 2001). Before, computers worked as a tool for second language teaching and learning, but by the mid-1990s, with the astonishing development of technology and a growing number of users, computer using with the internet commenced accessibility to a large amount of information than ever for both learners and instructors. In this sense, web-based language learning has its strong points in the sense that there is no limitation to the access of massive information (Pahl, 2003). This helps learners to be more active and allows them to look for needed solutions by themselves. The new era has begun with web-based language learning since students began to have free access to web sites and to also evaluate themselves by interaction with other students around the world (Chapelle, 2001. Levy, 1997. Warschauer & Healey, 1998). As researchers described the internet and computer as two of the most astonishing developments of mankind history, it is often used in many language classrooms to help them become communicative.\n\n\nDon't use plagiarized sources. Get Your Custom Essay on\nJust from $13/Page\nOrder Essay\n\nOrder a unique copy of this paper\n\n550 words\nTotal price:\nTop Academic Writers Ready to Help\nwith Your Research Proposal\nLive Chat+1(978) 822-0999EmailWhatsApp\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9989665150642395}
+{"content": "September 29th, 2021\n\n(no subject)\n\nI saw this twitter thread a day or so ago, and found myself still thinking about it. There are so many problems with its language.\n\n- \"Natural immunity is a myth\" — this, coming from someone with a medical degree, is bizarre\n- \"Immunity to covid is not guaranteed after infection\" — what an odd language to use; allegedly, nothing \"guarantees\" (i.e. gives 100% certainty of) immunity to covid, if \"immunity\" here means complete resistance to infection. Wasn't the language supposed to have shifted by now to \"you might still get it, but are unlikely to die of it\"?\n- \"You may not be protected from getting covid again ... because you might not make enough protective antibodies\" — has the goalpost shifted? Weren't we told that there was no use in measuring antibody levels (a puzzling statement), because it's not just about the humoral immunity, but also the cell immunity, which practically no-one measures?\n- \"The problem is you... may not make enough of the antibodies to be protected from getting infected again\" — Isn't it just the same with the vaccine?\n- \"You may also not make enough of the best kind of antibodies. With infection you might make a lot of antibodies, but only some will be protective. These antibodies work against the spike protein of the virus\" – Is this really the case? Early papers on post-infection immune response talk about anti-nucleocapsid antibodies as well as anti-spike (example link); aren't anti-N antibodies protective too? Curiously, the cited paper says that they \"found poor correlations between [neutralizing antibody] titers and anti-S1, anti-S2, anti-N or anti-RBD antibody levels\". If that is still correct, then what even determines which antibodies are going to be neutralizing?\n- \"You should get vaccinated, with both shots, as soon as you are recovered from covid\" — like, immediately?\n\nThe two rational points salvageable from his thread:\n- A vaccine is a standardized antigenic challenge, which sets an expectation of producing a more or less similar response among all recipients (no guarantees though)\n- Vaccination status is much easier to track than the actual immunity status; so easier for decision-making.\n\nI understand how the watered-down message may be insufficient to elicit the desired behavior in the audience; but a message that has so many holes in it — and this even before someone points out the studies in favor of post-infection immunity — undermines trust in the official narrative.\n\n(no subject)\n\nI appreciate the honesty, but when I saw this (posted a day ago), I was, like, how the eff did you not know? Chris has been a notable figure in the web community for more than 10 years. An owner of Codepen and of the CSS Tricks site; a host of a (so-so) podcast about web, a frequent speaker at conferences. How is it that the dumb moi learnt about this three years ago at least, and he only discovers this now?!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9815295934677124}
+{"content": "You are watching: Alpharma prometh with codeine cough syrup\n\nkeep the medication in a ar where others cannot gain to it.\n\nTaking opioid medicine throughout pregnancy may reason life-threatening withdrawal symptom in the newborn.\n\nFatal side effects can occur if you use opioid medicine with alcohol, or with other drugs that reason drowsiness or slow-moving your breathing.\n\nWhat is codeine and also promethazine?\n\nCodeine and promethazine is a combination medicine provided to treat cold or allergy symptoms such together runny nose, sneezing, and also cough.\n\nasthma or significant breathing problems; a stomach or bowel obstruction (including paralytic ileus); narrow-angle glaucoma; or if you room unable come urinate.\n\nDo not use this medication if you have used one MAO inhibitor in the past 14 days. A dangerous medicine interaction can occur. MAO inhibitors include isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine, and also others.\n\nDo not provide this medicine to anyone younger 보다 18 year old who recently had surgery to eliminate the tonsils or adenoids.\n\nTell your medical professional if girlfriend have ever had:\n\nlung disease or breath problems; a head injury, mind tumor, or seizure; constipation, a bowel obstruction, or stomach problems; troubles with her bile duct, pancreas, or adrenal gland; one enlarged prostate or urination problems; uncontrolled muscle spasms; a blood cabinet disorder; neuroleptic malignant syndrome (a significant nervous device reaction); liver or kidney disease; short blood pressure; a drug addiction; or if you have a fever and cough through mucus.\n\nIf you use opioid medicine while you room pregnant, her baby could end up being dependent on the drug. This can cause life-threatening withdrawal symptom in the infant after it is born. Babies born dependence on opioids might need medical treatment for numerous weeks.\n\nDo not breast-feed. Codeine can pass into breast milk and may cause drowsiness, breath problems, or death in a education baby.\n\nHow need to I take codeine and promethazine?\n\nFollow the direction on your prescription label and also read every medication guides. Never usage this medicine in bigger amounts, or for much longer than prescribed. take it this medicine only until your symptoms clear up.\n\nNever re-superstructure opioid medication with another person, especially someone v a background of drug abuse or addiction. MISUSE CAN cause ADDICTION, OVERDOSE, OR DEATH. keep the medication in a place where others cannot obtain to it. Selling or giving away opioid medication is against the law.\n\nMeasure liquid medicine carefully. Usage the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring maker (not a kitchen spoon). To wash after each use.\n\nIf you require surgery or clinical tests, tell the operated doctor or doctor ahead the time if you have taken a cough or cold medicine within the past few days.\n\nStore at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and also light. Keep track of your medicine. You need to be conscious if anyone is using your medication improperly or there is no a prescription.\n\nDo not store leftover medication. Just one sheep can cause death in someone using this medicine accidentally or improperly. Read and also carefully monitor the instructions provided with this medicine about how come safely dispose of any type of unused portion.\n\nWhat wake up if I miss out on a dose?\n\nSince this medicine is provided when needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. Skip any missed sheep if it\"s virtually time for your next dose. Do not use two doses at one time.\n\nSeek emergency medical attention or call the Poison aid line at 1-800-222-1222. A codeine overdose can be fatal, specifically in a child or other human being using the medication without a prescription. Overdose symptoms may encompass slow breathing and also heart rate, serious drowsiness, muscle weakness, cold and clammy skin, pinpoint pupils, and also fainting.\n\nAvoid driving or operating machinery till you know exactly how this medicine will impact you. Dizziness or serious drowsiness can reason falls or other accidents.\n\nGet emergency medical aid if you have signs the an allergy reaction: hives; difficult breathing; ede of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.\n\nOpioid medicine have the right to slow or prevent your breathing, and also death might occur. A person caring for you must seek emergency medical attention if you have slow breathing with lengthy pauses, blue fancy lips, or if girlfriend are tough to wake up.\n\nloud breathing, sighing, shallow breathing; excessive drowsiness, confusion, emotion weak or limp; untreated muscle motions in her face, neck, arms, or legs; a light-headed feeling, prefer you might pass out; a seizure; adrenal gland problems --nausea, vomiting, ns of appetite, dizziness, worsening tiredness or weakness; or severe nervous device reaction --very stubborn (rigid) muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, quick or uneven heartbeats, tremors.\n\nSeek clinical attention best away if you have symptoms of serotonin syndrome, together as: agitation, hallucinations, fever, sweating, shivering, quick heart rate, muscle stiffness, twitching, ns of coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.\n\nCommon side results may include:\n\ndried mouth, nausea, vomiting, constipation; confusion, dizziness, headache; drowsiness, lack of energy; tremors, coordination problems; feeling anxious, restless, nervous, or irritable; urination problems; sweating; or shortness the breath.\n\nThis is no a finish list of side effects and others may occur. Call your physician for clinical advice around side effects. You might report side results to FDA in ~ 1-800-FDA-1088.\n\nWhat other drugs will impact codeine and also promethazine?\n\nYou may have breathing troubles or withdrawal symptom if you begin or prevent taking details other medicines. call your medical professional if you additionally use an antibiotic, antifungal medication, heart or blood pressure medication, seizure medication, or medicine to treat HIV or hepatitis C.\n\nOpioid medication can communicate with numerous other drugs and also cause dangerous side impacts or death. Be certain your doctor knows if you additionally use:\n\ncold or allergy medicines, bronchodilator asthma/COPD medication, or a diuretic (\"water pill\"); drugs for motion sickness, irritable bowel syndrome, or overactive bladder; other narcotic medications --opioid pain medication or prescription cough medicine; a sedative like Valium --diazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam, Xanax, Klonopin, Versed, and also others; drugs that make friend sleepy or slow your breathing --a resting pill, muscle relaxer, medication to act mood disorders or psychological illness; or drugs that influence serotonin levels in her body --a stimulant, or medicine for depression, Parkinson\"s disease, migraine headaches, serious infections, or nausea and vomiting.\n\nThis list is no complete. Other drugs may affect codeine and also promethazine, consisting of prescription and also over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all feasible interactions are listed here.\n\nWhere deserve to I get more information?\n\nYour pharmacist have the right to provide an ext information around codeine and promethazine.\n\nRemember, save this and also all other medicines out that the reach of children, never ever share your medicines with others, and use this medication just for the point out prescribed.\n\nSee more: How To Unlock Hulk In Ultimate Alliance 2, Marvel: Ultimate Alliance 2\n\nEvery initiative has been made to ensure that the information noted by Cerner Multum, Inc. (\"Multum\") is accurate, up-to-date, and also complete, however no insurance is do to that effect. Drug information had herein might be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for usage by health care practitioners and also consumers in the unified States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses external of the United claims are appropriate, uneven specifically shown otherwise. Multum\"s drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum\"s drug info is an informational resource designed to assist licensed health care practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers the town hall this business as a complement to, and also not a instead of for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and also judgment of health care practitioners. The absence of a warning for a offered drug or drug mix in no way should be interpreted to show that the medicine or drug mix is safe, efficient or ideal for any type of given patient. Multum does no assume any responsibility for any aspect of medical care administered with the assist of details Multum provides. The information included herein is no intended come cover all feasible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions around the drugs you are taking, check with her doctor, nurse or pharmacist.\n\nYour usage of the content listed in this service indicates the you have read, understood and also agree come the End-User patent Agreement, which deserve to be accessed by End-User patent Agreement, which have the right to be accessed by clicking on this link.\n\nThis info does not change the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any type of warranty or liability because that your use of this information. Your use of this information method that friend agree come the terms of Use. Learn exactly how we build our content.\n\nHealthwise, Healthwise because that every health and wellness decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks that Healthwise, Incorporated.\n\nNOTICE: This wellness information was not developed by the college of Michigan health and wellness System (UMHS) and also may no necessarily reflect details UMHS practices. For clinical advice relating to your an individual condition, you re welcome consult your doctor. Finish disclaimer", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7874484062194824}
+{"content": "\n\nComparing and Contrasting Four Leadership Models and Theories\n\nThe whole doc is available only for registered users\n\n\nOrder Now\n\n\n\nTrait TheoryIn the early 1900s, leadership traits were studied to determine what made certain people great leaders. The theories that were developed were called, “great man” theories because they focused on identifying the innate qualities and characteristics possessed by great social, political, and military leaders (e.g. Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Mohandas Gandhi). It was believed that people were born with these traits and only “great” people possessed them. During this time research concentrated on determining the specific traits that clearly differentiated leaders from followers (Bass, 1990; Jago, 1982). Although different researchers identified a variety of leadership traits and characteristics, it is generally thought that there are five major leadership traits: intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, and sociability.\n\nIn the mid-1900s, the trait approach was challenged by research that questioned the universality of leadership traits. In a major review in 1948, Stogdill suggested that no consistent sets of traits differentiated leaders from non-leaders across a variety of situations. An individual with leadership traits who was a leader in one situation cannot be a leader in another situation. Rather than being in quantity that individual possessed, leadership was reconceptualized as a relationship between people in social situation (Stogdill, 1948).\n\nBecause the trait approach focus on the leader, however, and not on the followers or the situation, researchers failed to discover any traits that would guarantee leadership success. Early trait theorists assumed that leadership was innate. They failed to acknowledge that being in a leadership role might facilitate the development of leadership traits. Also the theory neglected to account for why some individuals might be effective leaders in certain circumstances yet not in others.\n\nThe trait approach has several strengths. It is intuitively appealing and fits in our notion that leaders are the individuals who are “out front” and “leading the way” in our society. The trait approach is consistence with this perception because it is built on the premise that leaders are different and their difference resides in the special traits they posses. In addition to its strength, the trait approach has several weaknesses. As Stogdill (1948) pointed about 50 years ago, it is difficult to isolate a set of traits that are characteristics of leaders without factoring situational effects into the equation as well. Furthermore, this trait has resulted in highly subjective determinations of the “most important” leadership trait.\n\nTransactional LeadershipTransactional leadership is based on the exchange between leaders and followers. Transactional leaders exchange things of value with subordinates’ to advance their own as well as their subordinates’ agenda (Khunert, 1994). It is effective because it is in the best interest of followers to do what the leader wants (Khunert & Lewis, 1987).\n\nThere are four types of behavior that are associated with transactional leadership: contingent reward, active management by exception, passive management by exception, and laissez-faire leadership. Contingent reward behavior includes the clarification of what is expected of followers in order to receive rewards, such as money and time-off, are used as incentives to motive followers to perform. Management by exception refers to leadership that utilizes corrective criticism, negative feedback, and negative reinforcement. A leader employing active or passive form of management by exception is always on the lookout for problems and corrective measures following a minor mistake or rule violation by a follower. Laissez-faire leadership is descriptive of a leader who acts indifferently to followers and who is not concerned with the mission. This type of leader abdicates all leadership roles and responsibilities.\n\nAlthough transactional leadership is effective in certain situations, there is increasing evidence that it is not an effective leadership model for achieving long-term objectives. Followers are motivated to perform certain tasks, contingent upon rewards, but transactional leadership fails to motivate followers to perform beyond their basic job requirements. Furthermore, although transactional leadership focuses on the exchange between the leader and followers, it is the leader who has the power and who controls the terms of the relationship.\n\nTransactional leadership diverges from transformational leadership in that the transactional leader does not individualize the needs of subordinates nor focus on their personal development.\n\nContingency TheoryAlthough several approaches to leadership could be called contingency theories, the most acceptable is Fielder’s (1964, 1967; Fielder & Garcia, 1987) contingency theory. It is called contingency because a leader’s effectiveness depends on the fit between style (task or relationship oriented) and context (type of positional power, a type of organizational structure, and quality of leader-follower relationships). This model combines these factors to predict a leaders’ effectiveness in a given context.\n\nWithin the context of contingency theory, task- motivated leaders are primarily concerned with reaching a goal, whereas relationship-motivated leaders are concerned with developing close interpersonal relationship. In order to measure leaders styles, Fielder (Fielder & Garcia, 1987) developed the Least Preferred Co-Worker (LPC) scale. Leaders who score high on this scale are described as relationship motivated and those who score low on the scale are identified as task motivated.\n\nNotwithstanding, according to Fielder (1997), the relationship between a leader’s LPC score and leadership effectiveness also depends on situational variables characterized by assessing three factors: leader-member relations, task structure, and position power. According to this model leadership situations may be classified in one of two ways for each of these three characteristics. Together, these three situational factors determine the favorableness of various situations in organizations. Situations that are rated most favorable are those having good leader-follower relations, defined tasks and, and strong leader position power. Situations that are least favorable have poor leader-follower relations, unstructured tasks, and weak leader position power.\n\nHowever, according to researchers, it is not entirely clear why leaders with high LPC scores are effective in moderately favorable situations or why leaders with low LPC scores are effective in both very favorable and very unfavorable situations. Fielder’s (1995) current interpretation provides the following reasoning that leaders who’s LPC does not match a particular situation experiences stress and anxiety, revert to less mature ways of coping what they have learned in early development and a leader’s less mature coping style results in poor decision making, which results in negative outcome.\n\nContingency theory represents a shift in leadership research from focusing on only the leader to looking at the leader in conjunction with the situation in which the leader works. In our present day where the issue of how to be a successful leader is of paramount importance, contingency theory offers an approach to leadership that has a long tradition. The theory also provides data on leaders’ styles that could be useful in developing leadership profiles.\n\nUnlike other leadership approaches like transformational and transactional leadership that doesn’t provide a clearly defined set of assumption about how leaders should act in a particular situation to be successful, contingency theory is predictive and therefore provide useful information regarding the type of leadership that will most likely be effective in certain contexts.\n\nTransformational LeadershipTransformational leadership is one of the “New Leadership” paradigms (Bryman, 1992). As its name implies, transformational leadership involves assessing followers’ motives, satisfying their needs, and treating them as full human beings. It is a process that subsumes charismatic and visionary leadership. It is not thought to involve an exchange to be between leader and follower such as exists for transactional leadership. Instead, transformational leadership focuses on the process by which the leader engages with followers, and together create a connection that raises each of them to a level of motivation and morality.\n\nTransformational leadership is concerned with the performance of followers and also with developing followers to their fullest potential (Avolio, 1999; Bass & Avolio, 1990a). Individuals who exhibit transformational leadership often have strong set of values and ideals, and they are effective at motivating followers to act in ways that support the greater good rather than their own self-interests (Kuhnert, 1994).\n\nThere are four main factors that have been associated with transformational leaders: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. To create change, transformational leaders become strong role models for their followers. They have a highly developed set of moral values and a self-determined sense of identity (Avolio & Gibbons, 1988). They are confident, competent, and articulate, and they express strong ideals. They listen to followers and are not intolerant to opposing viewpoints. A spirit of cooperation often develops between these leaders and their followers. Followers want to emulate transformational leaders because they learn to trust them and believe in the ideas for which they stand.\n\nIt is common for transformational leaders to create a vision. The vision emerges from the collective interests of various individuals and units within an organization. The vision is focal point for transformational leadership. It gives the leader and the organization a conceptual map for where the organization is headed; it gives meaning and clarifies the organization’s identity. Furthermore, the vision gives followers a sense of self-efficacy (Shamir et al., 1993).\n\nIn contrast to transactional leadership, transformational leadership has several positive features of the transformational approach, including that it is a current model that has received a lot of attention by researchers, it has strong intuitive appeal, it emphasizes the importance of followers in the leadership process, it goes beyond the traditional transactional models and broadens to include the growth of followers and it places emphasis on morals and values.\n\nConclusionsAs this paper explored vividly four leadership models and theories, it is possible to organize them in a variety of ways, conceptualizing the leader, follower, situation, triadic relationship is important; it is a reminder that, leadership doesn’t occur in a vacuum. Researchers believe that many of the difficulties with leadership standards and competency framework lie more than in the manner in which they are applied rather than in their content per se.\n\nIt is obvious that, as a tool, researchers can offer a powerful means of engaging organizations, and the individuals within them in a dialogue about the nature of leadership and management; they can offer guidance and examples of good practice that can prove helpful in the development of managers and leaders; and they can provide a structure that offers a sense of security for both individuals and the organization as a whole.\n\nResearchers imply that the issue of leadership is a journey rather than the destination that is most important. If used inductively, as a means for opening dialogue about management and leadership within organizations rather than deductively, for prescribing what managers and leaders should do, standards and competencies can offer a way of addressing both individual and organizational needs within a situational context.\n\n\n\nThousand Oaks, CA: SageAvolio, B.J. & Gibbons, T.C. (1988). Developing transformational leaders: A life spanapproach.\n\nBass, B.M., & Avolio, B.J. (1990a). The implications of transactional and transformationalleadership for individual, team and organizational development. Research inOrganizational Change and Development, 4, 231-372Bass, B.M. (1990). Bas and Stogdill handbook on leadership. A survey of theory and research,New York Press: Free PressBryman, A. (1992). Charisma and leadership in organizations. London: SageFielder, F.E. (1964). A contingency model of leadership effectiveness. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.),Advances in experimental social psychology (Volume. 1, pp. 149-190). New York:Academic Press.\n\nFielder, F.E. (1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness. New York: McGraw-HillFielder, F.E. & Garcia, J.E. (1987). New approaches to leadership: Cognitive resources andorganizational performance. New York: John Wiley.\n\nFielder, F.E. (1995). Reflections by an accidental theorist. Leadership Quarterly, 6(4) 453-461Gardner, J.W. (1990). On leadership. New York: Free PressHickman, G.R. (Ed.) (1998). Leading Organizations: Perspective for a new era. ThousandOaks, CA: SageHill, M.A. (19184). The law of the father. In B. Kellerman (Ed.). Leadership:Multidisciplinary perspective. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice HallKuhnert, K.W. (1994). Transforming leadership. Developing people through delegation. In B.M. Bass & B.J. Avolio (Eds.). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership (pp. 10-25). Thousand Oaks. CA: sageKuhnert, K.W. & Lewis, P. (1987). Transactional and transformational leadership. A constructive/ developmental analysis. Academy of Management Review. 12(4)., 648-657.\n\nRost., J.C. (1991). Leadership for the twenty-first century. New York: Praeger.\n\nShamir, B. House, R.J. & Arthur, M.B. (1993). The motivational effects of charismatic leadership: A self-concept based theory. Organization Science. 4(4), 577-594.\n\nStogdill, R.M. (1948). Personal factors associated with leadership. A survey of the literature. Journal of psychology, 25, 35-71\n\nRelated Topics\n\nWe can write a custom essay\n\nAccording to Your Specific Requirements\n\nOrder an essay\nMaterials Daily\n100,000+ Subjects\n2000+ Topics\nFree Plagiarism\nAll Materials\nare Cataloged Well\n\n\nSorry, but only registered users have full access\n\nHow about getting this access\n\nYour Answer Is Very Helpful For Us\nThank You A Lot!\n\n\nEmma Taylor\n\n\nHi there!\nWould you like to get such a paper?\nHow about getting a customized one?\n\nCan't find What you were Looking for?\n\nGet access to our huge, continuously updated knowledge base\n\nThe next update will be in:\n14 : 59 : 59", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9544479250907898}
+{"content": "Crystal, Mia, & the Importance of Distractions\n\nOccasionally, we all need to have a distraction. Diverting our attention can be helpful in so many ways. Sometimes we need a break from our jobs, our friends or families, and sometimes just from our own thoughts. When going through cancer, taking our minds off our illness can be very therapeutic. Friends usually help with this, and having a good friend can be so important.\n\nSearching for a distraction from cancer\n\nWhen my daughter, Crystal, found out she had Hodgkin lymphoma, she had to come home. Since we, her parents, live in a different state, Crystal had to leave her friends. Luckily, she found a friend in her niece, Mia. Prior to cancer, on her visits home, Crystal always spent time with Mia. They seemed to have a special bond, but her visits were usually only about a week long. However, when Crystal was diagnosed with cancer, she came home for treatment and was here for over 6 months.\n\nCrystal and Mia became extremely close. At the time, Mia was 3 going on 4 years old and she idolized her Aunt Crystal. I think that for Crystal, Mia was a fun distraction to everything else going on in her life. Crystal and Mia would listen to music and dance, make videos, try on makeup and hats, or play with her wigs. They both enjoyed each other’s company and it gave them both something to look forward to during Crystal’s good weeks. Spending time together was good for both of them.\n\nHow loved ones can help provide distractions\n\nI think one of the best things you can do for someone going through cancer is to help them find other things for focus on besides their disease. Any kind of distraction would be helpful. Crystal was sick and she had to focus on taking medications, trying to find foods that didn’t make her sick, going to doctor’s visits, and getting treatments. This took up a lot of her life, but spending time with her niece, her dog Chloe, going for bike rides when she was up to it, and blogging were all helpful distractions for her.\n\nIf you can, help someone with cancer have something else to think about and enjoy - even if it’s for just a day. A night out for dinner, a movie, or just stopping in and sharing a cup of coffee or tea will help. Of course, if you have time, bring a dinner over to help. They will really appreciate having a night off from cooking. Helping them will help you feel good too!\n\nRemembering to enjoy life when we can\n\nCrystal hated thinking about all she was going through and tried every day to find things to do to take her mind off her illness. Having Mia to spend time with was very helpful to her. Mia was a happy, energetic little girl and she usually put a smile on Crystal’s face and helped to lift the depression she sometimes felt. I believe everyone needs some sort of distraction like that. Knowing we have cancer doesn’t mean we can’t enjoy our lives. If we are always focused on the cancer, it will be hard to enjoy all that the world has to offer. Try to find that thing or person that helps you to smile and enjoy life, because after all, we only live once.\n\n\nMore on this topic\n\n\nJoin the conversation\n\nor create an account to comment.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9596110582351685}
+{"content": "Job Directory Desktop Support Analyst Associate - Endpoint Support Services, Full-time, Days\n\nLake Forest, IL\n\nCompanies like\nare looking for tech talent like you.\n\nSign up to start matching for free.\n\n\nJob Description\n\nThe Desktop Support Analyst will have primary responsibility for maintaining PCs, tablets, video conferencing systems, printers, phones, including operating systems support. To that purpose, the position provides business-use guidance as well as technical guidance for end user technologies. The role includes hardware and software deployment as necessary.\n\nTechnical Skills:\n\n* Knowledge on Microsoft operating systems associated with HP, Lenovo & Dell PC platforms, Cisco Call Manager and Cisco phones, HP and Xerox printers.\n\n* Provides desktop hardware and software problem identification and resolution for all PCs and related equipment.\n\n* Completes hardware moves and equipment replacements for all PCs and all PC related equipment.\n\n* Provides feedback and suggestions to the appropriate Information Services architecture teams on topics related to supported hardware and software standards.\n\n* Support and ensure compliance with workstation hardware and software standards (including delivery) as determined by the Information Services department.\n\n* Communicate with team lead and manager on day to day team environment.\n\n* Communicate with IS Service Desk and provide needed support to meet immediate customer needs.\n\nCustomer Service:\n\n* Responds thoroughly and promptly to customer needs.\n\n* Owns customer relationships and follows issues through to closure.\n\n* Applies problem solving concepts and takes ownership to solve end user problems\n\n* Escalates problems to senior support staff as necessary.\n\n* Successfully conducts follow ups to ensure problem resolution and/or service requests are completed to user satisfaction.\n\n* Provides suggestions of new processes to enhance customer service.\n\n* Understands the business and clinical processes at NMH and the operational environments of assigned customers.\n\nCommunication Skills:\n\n* Communicates clearly, responsively, and concisely with customers and team members.\n\n* Develops effective relationships with users and other IS team members to enhance the timeliness and effectiveness of technology solutions.\n\nPersonal and Staff Development:\n\n* Seeks to improve talents and skills consistent with overall IS direction.\n\n* Takes direction from senior support staff.\n\n* Develops skills based on field experience.\n\n\n* Focuses on IS team success and promotes collaborative efforts with others.\n\n* Shifts easily among different technical and project roles as required by situation.\n\n* Adapts well to rapid change and multiple priorities.\n\n* EOE Minorities/Women/Disabled/Veterans.\n\n* VEVRAA Federal Contractor.\n\nRequired: Bachelor's Degree OR 1-3 years of information systems experience.\n\nPreferred: Bachelor's degree. Relevant IT Certifications.\n\n\nLet your dream job find you.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9897199869155884}
+{"content": "Saturday, 26 April 2014\n\nIs Belief in God Irrational? A response\n\nJoshua Cockayne\nFirstly, I’d like thank Anna, Jon and Gary for their insightful comments and for raising some interesting areas to follow up. I will try to respond to these as best as possible.\n\nFirst, I will respond to the question concerning religious diversity: the worry raised was that my defence of theistic belief would allow us to defend the rationality of incompatible beliefs such as beliefs in Hinduism and Christianity. \n\nI should clarify that the kinds of experience I had in mind, which provide immediate justification for theistic belief would be experiences of God as a person but not necessarily of the God of Christianity or Islam, for example. The kinds of experience I am interested in are much more basic in nature, such as ‘I am having an experience of a loving God’. This issue should be kept separate from the issue of which religion is closer to the truth, but it is interesting to note that my account will only apply to religions that rely on a personal relationship to God as a person. Admittedly each religion will interpret experience of God in light of their own tradition, but my focus is specifically on theistic belief rather than religious belief in general. In this sense, the kinds of beliefs that are interesting are very basic in nature and my account does not amount to a defence of fully fledged religious belief, only basic theistic belief. My example of Christian religious experience was perhaps misleading, but I merely used this example as it is the tradition with which I am most familiar.\n\nTo reply to Anna’s questions concerning whether theistic believers have any propositional beliefs about God; I do not claim that believers only have non-propositional beliefs but rather that belief in God requires experiencing God as a person. I can believe lots of things about God, which are entirely propositional, and these are theistic beliefs. A person can have only propositional theistic beliefs; arguably, an atheist has only propositional theistic beliefs, just negative beliefs. The contrast I attempted to draw was between beliefs about God (which can be entirely propositional) and beliefs in God (which require a non-propositional element), but I do not claim that theistic believers only have non propositional beliefs. In fact, much like when Mary (in Stump’s version of the story) leaves the room for the first time, what she learns is something essentially non-propositional about her mother, but it does not then follow that Mary has no propositional knowledge of her mother. Mary would come to believe that all of the things that she had learnt about her mother whilst in the room are now true of this person that she experiences for the first time. Mary could have beliefs about her mother prior to leaving the room but she could not truly be said to know her mother. Similarly, I claim that belief in God requires experiencing God as a person and not just having certain beliefs about God. Therefore, I think believers are justified in believing in God even without publically demonstrable evidence. However, it does not follow that religious believers have no propositional beliefs.\n\nSecondly, I turn to the worry raised by Anna and Gary as to whether ‘theistic seemings’ can provide justification for belief and whether these are defeated by the possibility of illusion or drug use. In my original post, with reference to James Pryor, I claimed that theistic believers are justified in believing P, iff P seems to be the case and there is no defeating evidence for P. Therefore, to respond to a question that Jon raised, if there are strong arguments against theistic belief which cannot be responded to then these would act as rebutting defeaters to theistic beliefs. The kind of worry raised by Anna or Gary, as I understand it, is that the possibility of illusion or that my experience might be caused by hallucinogenic drugs would function as an undercutting defeater to my belief in God. \n\nThe most promising reply to undercutting defeaters of this kind is to consider how we might respond to the external world sceptic who asks whether our experiences of the world might all be the result of some evil demon. Michael Bergmann suggests that certain higher order seemings about the felt veridicality of perceptual experiences deflect the sceptical hypothesis that we are merely brains in vats (for more detail on this reply, see my post on the Workshop on Defeat and Religious Epistemology). The same can be extended to theistic beliefs; the possibility of illusion does not provide an undercutting defeater for belief so long as the higher order seeming about the veridicality of belief is stronger than my seeming about the possibility of illusion.\n\nI would be interested to hear your thoughts on these issues and I apologise for anything I have overlooked.\n\n\n  1. Thank you very much, Joshua. I think I now see more clearly your view on the issues I raised. If you have time, I’d like to ask you a couple of further clarifications.\n\n    1) One of my doubts was about how a non-propositional representation of the Christin God would differ from that of the Muslim God, or of the God of other religions… If I correctly understand, you have replied that indeed the kind of non-propositional representation you are talking about does not ‘incorporate’ such differences. You are talking about a basic non-propositional representation of ‘the person of a loving God’, which constitutes the content of (various instances of) religious experiences and can justify various kinds of beliefs IN God (provided that such God is conceived as a person, and not just as a kind of metaphysical principle, or anything like that).\n    I take this point; it seems right to me. However, even if the non-propositional representation you are talking about is so basic and (in a sense) ‘non-specific’, I guess that in order for it to be a representation *of the person of God*, rather than of any other kind of finite, contingent person, it should at least ‘incorporate’ some fundamental attributes such as eternity, omnipotence, the fact of being responsible for the creation everything, etc… If this is right, how can such attributes be represented non-conceptually? And if they cannot, how can the non-propositional representation you are talking about justify a belief in GOD?\n\n    2) The second clarification actually is a clarification of one of my questions (n.3), which I'm afraid I didn’t formulate very well.\n    In your original post it was very clear that you were not denying that religious people have ALSO propositional attitudes concerning God and religion, but you were just arguing that part of their attitudes – i.e. their BELIEFS IN God – are not propositional.\n    So my question wasn’t whether you agree or not that religious people have also some kind of attitude towards *propositions* such as GOD EXISTS, GOD CREATED HUMANKIND IN HIS IMAGE, etc…\n    My question was rather whether you think that such propositional attitudes are described at best in terms of belief, or whether you might agree with me that – at least in some cases – they are better described in terms of propositional imaginings (I explained some reasons why I think that often they are not beliefs in a previous post). Actually from what you say I think you don't agree with me - you seem to assume that the belief explanation is the right one. But if you have any thoughts about the reasons I gave to think otherwise, of course I'd be very happy to hear them.\n\n    I hope I've explained myself clearly… Sorry if not! I’ve many other thoughts on your arguments, which hopefully there will be occasions to further discuss in the future. Thanks again and good luck with you very interesting PhD!\n\n  2. Thanks Anna, your comments have been very helpful. I think that you are right that the non-propositional representation seem rather ‘non-specific’ and I'm not sure that I have entirely figured out how this fully supports religious belief. However, I think that we can have a non-propositional representation of a loving God in the same way that Mary (in Stump’s version) can have a representation of her mother’s love when she meets her. Mary still needs to know that the woman she meets is her mother, what a mother is and various other details which contextualise her non-propositional beliefs. I think the same can be said of our experiences of God and that our non-propositional representations of a loving God, understood contextually through religious tradition, for example, can be justified if there are no defeaters to belief.\n\n    To respond to your original post, and your claim that religious attitudes are best regarded as a kind of imagining because they are not sensitive to evidence, I don’t think this is correct. In fact (as I claimed in my original post) I think that the justification for religious belief is defeasible as it is for perceptual beliefs and that both are receptive to evidence. I think the reason religious beliefs seem insensitive to evidence is for the same reason that we don’t take perceptual sceptics seriously; because scepticism seems more obviously false to us and we cannot seriously entertain the sceptical hypothesis. This (as I claimed in my response) can act as a higher order seeming to deflect the undercutting defeater from scepticism. However, I take it that if we could somehow prove our perceptual beliefs to be false, then we ought to give up on them, and the same applies for our religious beliefs, I think. In this regard, religious attitudes don’t look very much like propositional imaginings at all. If God does not exist, then these are just unjustified beliefs.\n\n    Perhaps I have misunderstood your argument, but I would be interested to hear why you think this isn't the case\n\n\nComments are moderated.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7284131646156311}
+{"content": "Senior Talent Acquisition Sourcing Specialist - Remote\n\nArlington, VA\nOct 23, 2021\nOct 25, 2021\nFull Time\nGood people love. Brands people trust. And a career that nourishes your future like no other. At Nestle USA, we are committed to providing high quality products that are essential to living well. As individuals and teams, we are empowered to make meaningful contributions that positively impact our families, communities, and planet. With our portfolio of global brands, the opportunities to innovate and grow are limitless. As the world's leading food and beverage company, our focus is not only about delighting our customers, it's about enriching you. POSITION SUMMARY:Nestle USA is looking for a dynamic Strategic Sourcer - Recruiting Team to build a robust talent pipeline of candidates for current and future openings and to identify, engage and convert the best talent for Nestle organizations throughout Nestle across the United States. The Strategic Sourcer partners with Recruiting Managers, Integrated Talent Leaders, Recruiters and other members of the Recruiting team to execute the most effective and innovative talent sourcing strategies. This position is a remote opportunity. RESPONSIBILITIES:Deliver world-class recruiting services to our clients including:Strategic Sourcing Strategy & Planning * Partner with Recruiters, Recruiting Managers and Integrated Talent Leadership to establish a proactive talent pipeline strategy in accordance with functional workforce planning * Recommend and implement proactive talent sourcing programs to build a talent pipeline for key roles and hard-to-fill positions with a deep understanding the competitive talent marketplace* Generate long-term talent pipeline for hard-to-fill roles* Conduct Research and recommend best practices in talent sourcing* Utilize Market Driven Insights generated by Talent Neuron or other data/insights tools generate Sourcing Plans* Partner with Recruitment Marketing, Recruiting Technology and Communications to incorporate employer branding and social media tactics into talent sourcing plansStrategic Sourcing Delivery * Supplement the team of Full-Life Cycle Recruiters to Source hard to find passive talent through a variety of channels and using diverse sourcing tools and techniques* Identify key achiever, behavioral and technical competencies that drive success, share recruitment sourcing strategy, and set expectations around process and timeline* Execute talent sourcing tactics such as social and professional media sourcing, CRM Sourcing, networking, name generation, industry events, associations, online communities, external research, etc. * Prepare and present status reports to key stakeholders - Recruiters & Recruiting Managers - as well as secondary stakeholders - Hiring Managers and HR Business Partners - on the talent marketplace and the strength of our talent pipeline* Meet aggressive talent pipeline development goals and metrics* Maintain robust talent pipeline in candidate relationship management database (CRM)* Utilize recruiting tools that supplement Active candidates entering the Applicant Tracking System (ATS) in accordance to the Nestle Compliance BASIC QUALIFICATIONS AND MINIMUM EDUCATION LEVEL:* 5 or more years of experience in recruiting, talent sourcing and talent selection* Use an Applicant Tracking System and Candidate Relationship Management tools* Use of Recruitment Technology Tools* Project management, writing, and verbal communication skills* High school Diploma or GED equivalent requiredPREFERRED EXPERIENCE:* Bachelor Degree in business, marketing, human resources or related field * Recruitment Sourcing experience in a large national or global corporation or equivalent in a Recruiting Firm or Recruitment Process Outsourcing Company* Experience in developing talent pipelines and communities* Expertise using a variety of sourcing tools & techniques including but not limited to Boolean search, aggregators, automation tools, LinkedIn Recruiter, Entelo, etc.* Experience using Market Insights and/or Talent Intelligence tools such as Talent NeuronSKILLS: Must have the ability to:* Apply a consultancy approach, effectively managing expectations of stakeholders and clients* Launch and sustain talent pipelining programs through capturing key sourcing intelligence, effectively converting passive candidates and utilizing diverse sourcing channels* Use e-recruitment and web technologies to support Talent identification including, but not limited to applicant tracking systems, social and digital media* Possess industry knowledge with a general comprehension of relevant transferable candidate skills and target companies* Manage competing demands, accept constructive feedback, while being extremely adaptable and flexible* Command the attention and respect of leaders and stakeholders* Influence and negotiate with business leaders and HR partners* Handle sensitive and confidential information appropriately* Create and maintain documents using Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint)* Understand and interpret data, analyze trends and identify actionable insights* Quickly learn systems, processes and procedures* Travel up to 10%* Must be able to work under tight deadlines and within an ambiguous environment* Be curious, creative and resourceful who's able to find ways to deliver on time and quality with limited or no budget* Develop in depth talent market research: The ideal candidate will have proven expThe Nestle Companies are an equal employment opportunity and affirmative action employer seeking diversity in qualified applicants for employment. All applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability or veteran status.#LI-GC1", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9949338436126709}
+{"content": "Does Coronavirus have a passion for chubby old men\n\nThere is some concern amongst professional drivers, following an alarming number of deaths from Coronavirus within this profession that better personal protection was not made available.\n\nMost of these unfortunate deaths were within London transport, and all of them were regarded to be fit and healthy. However,  Emeka Nyack Ihenacho was asthmatic, and he was one of nine bus drivers who have lost their lives to the Coronavirus in the UK.\n\nA study in biomedical central (BMC) on infectious diseases in 2011 found that bus or tram use was associated with an almost six-fold increased risk of developing an influenza-like infection during flu season.\n\nAlthough tuberculosis spreads differently to flu, another study in Houston within that year found that the incidence of TB was almost eight times higher among commuters who spent more than an hour a day on the bus.\n\nMost people with Coronavirus will recover within about a week of getting symptoms and will not need medical care, but some people will need to be treated in hospital – including the prime minister.\n\nBoris Johnson, who is 55, is currently being cared for in St Thomas’ hospital in London after his symptoms worsened.\n\nSome people are at higher risk of complications.\n\nThis includes people over the age of 70, regardless of whether they have a medical condition or not, and people of any age with underlying health conditions, such as heart disease.\n\nThere are more than 1.5 million people in the UK who are at the most significant risk of needing hospital treatment if they catch Coronavirus.\n\nThis includes people with cancer who have been receiving chemotherapy.  They are being asked to stay at home all of the time to shield themselves from the virus.\n\nWhat are the coronavirus symptoms?\n\nCoronavirus infects the lungs. The two main symptoms are a fever and a dry cough, which can sometimes lead to breathing problems.\n\nThe cough to look out for is a new, continuous cough. This means coughing a lot for more than an hour or having three or more coughing episodes in 24 hours. If you usually have a cough, it may be worse than usual.\n\nYou have a fever if your temperature is above 37.8C. This can make you feel warm, cold or shivery.\n\nA sore throat, headache and diarrhoea have also been reported, and a loss of smell and taste may also be a symptom.\n\nIt takes five days on average to start showing the symptoms, but some people will get them much later. The World Health Organization (WHO) says the incubation period lasts up to 14 days.\n\nGender bias\n\nCoronavirus also appears to disproportionately affect men in their 50s and 60s to a certain degree, although they are not singled out as a high-risk group because it’s not that clear-cut.\n\nWhy older men?\n\nResearchers are not sure why this might be.\n\nUK data from intensive care hospital wards shows the average patient who is critically ill is aged 60. Most are men, and many have other health conditions that could put them at increased risk, such as heart problems and obesity.\n\nOf the 647 coronavirus-related deaths registered by the Office for National Statistics in England and Wales up to the week ending 27th March, 44 were aged 45-65 – around 7% of the total.\n\nDeath rates go up with age in both men and women, but men tend to outstrip women across the generations.\n\nData from China, where the pandemic began, also suggests men are at higher risk than women, although experts caution there could be factors other than gender, such as smoking habits, that could explain the link.\n\nProf Ian Hall, Professor of Molecular Medicine, University of Nottingham, said: “I am not convinced this completely explains the increased risk of severe disease in men, so it seems possible there may be some other as yet unidentified factor playing a role.”\n\nMen are more likely than women to have heart disease, diabetes and chronic lung disease.\n\nSome have suggested genes, and sex hormones might be involved too.\n\nAre women more immune?\n\nProf Philip Goulder, an expert in immunology at the University of Oxford, said: “It is becoming increasingly recognised that there are substantial differences in the immune system between males and females and that these have a significant impact on outcome from a wide range of infectious diseases.\n\n“The immune response throughout life to vaccines and infections is typically more aggressive and more effective in females compared to males.”\n\nThis could be down to women carrying two copies of the X chromosome, compared to the single X and a Y that men have.\n\nMany critical immune genes are located on the X chromosome, he says.\n\nIs Coronavirus causing the deaths?\n\nEvery year, about 600,000 people in the UK die. People with underlying health conditions and the elderly are most at risk, just as they are if they have Coronavirus.\n\nNearly 10% of people aged over 80 will die in the next year, Prof Sir David Spiegelhalter, at the University of Cambridge, points out, and the risk of them dying if infected with Coronavirus is almost precisely the same.\n\nHow can you protect yourself?\n\nStay as fit and healthy as you can by exercising and eating a balanced diet.\n\nIf you smoke, now is a good time to quit.\n\nMen are more likely than women to:\n\n  • smoke and smoke more cigarettes per day and smoke hand-rolled tobacco\n  • eat too much salt\n  • eat too much red and processed meat\n  • eat too little fruit and too few vegetables\n  • drink alcohol and drink at hazardous levels\n\nCoronavirus spreads when an infected person coughs or sneezes small droplets – packed with the virus – into the air. These can be breathed in, or cause an infection if you touch a surface they have landed on, then your eyes, nose or mouth.\n\nSo, coughing and sneezing into tissues, not touching your face with unwashed hands, and avoiding close contact with infected people are essential.\n\nWash Hands\n\n\nWhy does soap work so well on the Sars-CoV-2, the coronavirus and indeed most viruses? Because the virus is a self-assembled nanoparticle in which the weakest link is the lipid (fatty) bilayer. Soap dissolves the fat membrane and the virus falls apart like a house of cards and dies – or rather, we should say it becomes inactive as viruses aren’t really alive.\n\nIf I have symptoms, what should I do?\n\nIf you have a new, continuous cough or a fever you should stay at home and self-isolate for at least seven days.\n\nIf you, or someone you live with, develop symptoms, the entire household needs to isolate for 14 days to monitor for signs of the disease.\n\nWhat should I do if my symptoms don’t get better?\n\nThe main reason people need hospital treatment is difficulty breathing.\n\nIn the UK, the NHS 111 website will guide you through what you need to do.\n\nIf you are so breathless that you are unable to speak more than a few words, then you will be told to call 999 as this is a medical emergency.\n\nWhen do people go to the hospital with Coronavirus?\n\nIf you become so ill that you’ve stopped doing all of your usual daily activities, then the website will advise speaking to a nurse by dialling NHS 111.\n\nDrinking a non-alcoholic beverage while driving\n\nYou are at risk being hit with hefty penalties if they take their eyes off the road to have a drink when driving.  \n\nWhile it’s not illegal to have a non-alcoholic beverage when driving, drivers can be hit with a careless driving charge if it causes them to be distracted.  However, it is illegal to pay for a McDonald’s drive-thru with your mobile phone.\n\nIf you take your attention off the road to have a refreshment, police officers can deem you were “driving without due care and attention”.\n\nMotorists can also find themselves in trouble if they’re spotted eating behind the wheel.\n\nDriving without due care and attention, or careless driving, carries a £100 on-the-spot fine and up to three penalty points on your licence.\n\nBut in more serious cases where someone has been injured, you could face an unlimited fine, up to nine penalty points and even a court-imposed driving ban – although for the majority of motorists, the fine won’t exceed £5,000.\n\nAn Australian man was recently fined $173 (£94) for drinking water behind the wheel on a 39-degree day.\n\nAnother Aussie was threatened with a $500 (£256) fine and three penalty points on her licence because she was drinking a coffee when driving.\n\nWhile officers are more likely to give a warning than a fine, it is essential to keep your concentration on other road users.\n\nA study by the University of Leeds found motorists who ate while driving were 44 per cent slower than usual and if you need a drink or have something to eat, make sure to do it when you’ve completely stopped or pulled over.\n\nA reckless Brit was recently captured eating a bowl of cereal at wheel in Manchester. The video shows a man has no hands on the wheel, with one hand grasping a bowl and the other shovelling spoonfuls of breakfast into his mouth.\n\nNeil Greig, director of policy and research at IAM RoadSmart, said: “Eating at the wheel is just another classic example of multi-tasking that can take your attention away from safe driving.”   Obvious cases such as juggling hot drinks or a sandwich can be easily spotted by traffic police who can issue an on the spot ticket for careless driving.\n\nUK motorists could be faced with pay-per-mile road charging in the future\n\nDrivers could be faced with pay-per-mile road charging and other fresh levies to plug a £40 billion financial black hole caused by the mass advent of electric cars, which are currently exempt from road tax and generate no fuel duty revenue.\n\nThe news comes after the cross-party Transport Select Committee announced it was starting a “national debate” on road pricing, with a formal inquiry beginning in 2020.\n\nThe Committee highlights that “road pricing does not only mean tolls”, with congestion and low emission zones being other possibilities, along with extra fees for heavy goods vehicles, and workplace parking levies.\n\nCiting a desire to encourage a “modal shift” away from cars, and decarbonise the transport sector, the Select Committee wants the national debate to be open to “drivers and non-drivers alike”, while the inquiry will consider the pros and cons of road pricing and its economic, environmental, and social effects.\n\nPay-per-mile charging\n\nRoad tolls, GPS data loggers (mandatory on new cars from 2022), the UK’s vast ANPR camera network (which scans 10 billion number plates a year), or a combination of all three could be used to charge drivers based on the length of their journeys.\n\nWorkplace parking taxes\n\nDrivers who park at work could be charged for the privilege of doing so. Nottingham council already runs a WPL scheme, charging employers (including schools) with more than 10 staff £415 per parking space, per year. Birmingham is also proposing a WPL.\n\nMore charging zones\n\nLondon’s Congestion Charge Zone generated £1.9billion in net revenue up to 2017, while the ultra low-emission Zone charges owners of pre-Euro 6 diesel cars or pre-Euro 4 petrol extra to enter the Zone. \n\nOther towns or cities that have considered or are considering emission zones include Birmingham, Bath and Glasgow.\n\nHGV levies\n\nLorries weighing over 12 tonnes are already liable for the HGV levy, which costs up to £1,200 a year, depending on lorry type and emissions class. Foreign trucks are also subject to levies. Ministers could opt to increase the charge of make its conditions stricter.\n\nThe UK’s long road to road charging\n\nThe fact that the Treasury faces a huge revenue loss due to EVs not using petrol or diesel and currently being exempt from VED has been an elephant in the room for some time. It was only last week that the Institute for Fiscal Studies recommended the introduction of road pricing to recoup lost fuel duty and vehicle excise duty (VED) revenue. Back in 2007, the then Labour government scrapped proposals that would have seen drivers pay up to £1.30 per mile following public opposition.\n\nAuto Express, meanwhile, submitted a Freedom of Information request to the Treasury in October 2018 asking what methods the Government was considering replacing VED and fuel duty revenue lost to EVs. Our request was refused as it related to “an area of live policy development.”\n\nAnd in 2017 Edmund King, president of the AA, and his wife proposed a ‘Road Miles’ system that would see each driver given an annual mileage allowance that they could trade or swap with other drivers, while also being able to buy extra miles by entering auctions and lotteries.\n\nAnnouncing the start of the debate, Lilian Greenwood, chair of the Transport Select Committee, said: “We need to ask how we will pay for roads in the future and in answering that question we have an opportunity for a much wider debate about our use of road space, cutting carbon emissions, tackling congestion, modal shift and how we prioritise active travel.\n\n“B” is for Bad Weather and Not Brexit In October?\n\nThrough the weekend and into next week it looks like heavy rain at times and strong winds, it stays wet and windy until the end of Wednesday.\n\nThen comes the cold with temperatures are set to sink below freezing in Scotland by the middle of the month.\n\nThat means odds on a white Christmas are sure to be slashed with conditions set to get much worse in 2020.\n\n\n\nWeather forecaster James Madden explained why things are about to change. \n\n\n\n\nWhile these could start to make an impact within the next few weeks, they will be particularly troublesome from December onwards.\n\n\n\n\n\nDrivers face a £1,000 fine if they don’t declare these medical conditions\n\nMoney to burn – Don’t throw it away. \n\nThousands of drivers could find themselves stuck with a hefty fine if they fail to declare medical conditions to the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA).\n\nWhilst some conditions are more of a given, such as epilepsy and heart conditions, others are rather less obvious.\n\nEating disorders and Déjà vu also make the list of illnesses that should be declared to avoid being slapped with a £1,000 fine.\n\nMotoring experts at has published a list which the DVLA say they must be told about.\n\nA spokesperson said: “There are some conditions however, that seem too unrelated to even consider spending the time to fill out a form to tell the DVLA about.\n\n“If you suffer a broken limb or severe head injury that affects your memory or ability to perform everyday tasks, you’re also probably not going to be able to operate a vehicle safely either.\n\n“In these cases, it seems obvious that you’d have to let the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency know about it.”\n\nAmanda Stretton, motoring editor at, also added: “Knowing which conditions you do and don’t need to flag to the DVLA can be confusing. Things that might seem minor, such as headaches and déjà vu, can actually affect your ability to drive safely.\n\n“Many drivers don’t realise that an undisclosed medical condition can not only result in a hefty fine, but also invalidate your car insurance. If you’re in an accident and you need to make a claim, but you’ve not notified the DVLA of your condition, this could be a real issue.”\n\nThe medical conditions that could see motorists hit with a £1,000 fine if not declared:\n\nDéjà vu\n\nWe often talk about this in passing when we feel like we have seen, heard or said something very similar before as the French terms literally translates in to “already seen”.\n\nBut surprisingly, it is one of the health conditions that the DVLA say could affect your driving.\n\nHowever, this applied to medically induced déjà vu which can be associated with certain types of epilepsy.\n\nAccording to the NHS, a symptom of simple partial (focal) seizures, or ‘auras’ as they may be known, is “a feeling that events have happened before (déjà vu).”\n\nSleep Apnoea\n\nSleep Apnoea\n\nSleep Apnoea\n\nSleep Apnoea is a relatively common condition which sees the walls of the the throat relax and narrow during sleep which interrupts normal breathing.\n\nMan with sleep apnea and CPAP machine\n\nThis can lead to interrupted sleep which can have a negative impact on your health and your life increasing the risk of developing certain conditions.\n\nIt could also cause you to fall asleep at the wheel and it goes without saying that this is very dangerous.\n\nEating disorders\n\nThough it may not be immediately obvious that an eating disorder could affect your ability to drive, side effects of such ilnesses could cause you to feel weak or dizzy.\n\nTherefore it is something you must tell the DVLA if it affects your ability to drive safely. This can be spoken about with your doctor if you are unsure.\n\n\nLabyrinthitis is an inner ear infection that causes the delicate structure deep in your ear – called the labyrinth – to become inflamed.\n\nThis can then affect your hearing and balance which can be crucial when it comes to getting behind the wheel.\n\na woman talking on a cell phone: Labyrinthitis is an inner ear infection © PA Photo/thinkstockphotos Labyrinthitis is an inner ear infection\n\nUsually, the infections will clear up in a few weeks and there would be no need to declare this as a medical condition.\n\nHowever in some cases, symptoms can last longer and impact your ability to carry out regular tasks.\n\nThis can include some hearing loss and changes in vision, such as blurred vision or double vision.\n\n\nA common condition that affects more than 10 million people, arthritis causes pain and inflammation to a joint such as the hands, spine, knees and hips.\n\nIf the condition affects your driving and has lasted more than three months then you should contact the DVLA.\n\nOther medical conditions\n\nHeart conditions, diabetes or a brain condition or severe head injury as well as epilepsy, stroke, neurological and mental health conditions and physical disabilities and visual impairments should also be decalred.\n\nYou can find a full list of the medical conditions the DVLA need to know about on the Government website here.\n\nDrivers will face a life sentence in jail\n\nDrivers who cause death when looking at their mobile phoneswill face life in jail for the first time under Government plans to be revealed on Monday.\n\nIn a major hardening of sentencing guidelines, ministers will propose raising the upper limit of imprisonment for dangerous drivers who kill from 14 years to a lifetime.\n\nIt is designed to send a “clear message” that people who cause “immeasurable pain” to families with reckless driving should be given a “punishment that fits the crime”.\n\nThe move comes after a string of high-profile cases where children have been killed when people at the wheel failed to brake while being distracted by their phones.\n\nLast year, 122 people were sentenced for causing death by dangerous driving and a further 21 people were convicted for killing someone when under the influence of drink or drugs.\n\n\nMinisters have become concerned at whether the punishments are harsh enough, with evidence showing the average sentence for causing death while driving is less than four years.\n\nSam Gyimah, the justice minister, said: “Killer drivers ruin lives. Their actions cause immeasurable pain to families, who must endure tragic, unnecessary losses.\n\n\nSam Gyimah, the justice minister\n\n\n\nMinisters will tomorrow propose increasing the maximum sentence for causing death by dangerous driving or when under the influence of drink or drugs from 14 years to life.\n\nThey will also suggest creating a new offence of causing serious injury by careless driving, with a maximum sentence of three years.\n\nDangerous driving includes speeding, street racing and also using a mobile phone when at the wheel, which ministers have become increasingly concerned about.\n\nIn October, a lorry driver who killed a woman and three children by hitting their stationary car while looking at his mobile phone was jailed for 10 years.\n\nTomasz Kroker, 30, smashed into the vehicle carrying Tracey Houghton, 45, her sons, Ethan Houghton, 13, and Josh Houghton, 11, and her stepdaughter, Aimee Goldsmith, 11, at 50mph on August 10.\n\nTheir car was shunted underneath the back of a heavy goods vehicle and crushed to a third of its size, immediately killing the family, from Bedfordshire, at the scene on the A34 dual carriageway north of Newbury in Berkshire.\n\n\nThe court had heard that Kroker, who himself had become a father five months before the incident, was so distracted by his phone that he barely looked at the road for almost a kilometre.\n\nPassing sentence, Judge Maura McGowan said his attention had been so poor that he “might as well have had his eyes closed”.\n\nJust an hour earlier he had signed a declaration to his employer, promising he would not use his phone at the wheel.\n\nKroker’s truck ploughed into a stationary queue of two lorries and four smaller vehicles which were stuck behind a slow-moving articulated lorry near the villages of East and West Ilsley at around 5.10pm.\n\nA man was seriously injured and four other people were hurt in the horrific accident.\n\n\nSmart motorways decreasing passenger’s safety\n\nBreaking down in a live lane on an all-lane-running (ALR) section of a ‘digital road’ – more commonly known as a smart motorway – is over 200% more dangerous than doing so on a conventional motorway with a hard shoulder, a damning report by the organisation responsible for running motorways has revealed.\n\nAccording to Highways England’s own hazard log data, breaking down in a live lane of an ALR smart motorway is 216 per cent more dangerous than doing so on a conventional motorway with a hard shoulder.\n\nThe data was revealed by a Highways England report written in 2016 and only recently discovered by the AA. Entitled ‘Stationary Vehicle Detection Monitoring’, the report also references data on breakdowns in live ALR lanes of the M25 between junctions 25 and 26, which shows the average time for Highways England CCTV operatives took to spot a broken-down vehicle in a live lane was 17 minutes and one second, with one breakdown taking over an hour for operatives to spot.\n\nThe AA also sent a Freedom of Information request to Highways England, which revealed that there are 135.1 miles of ALR smart motorways in England, but only 24.2 miles are covered by a system that automatically detects vehicles broken down in live lanes. \n\nThis is spread over two sections of the M25 – one from J5-6 and the other from J23-27.\n\nStationary Vehicle Detection (SVD) – a radar system capable of automatically detecting stationary vehicles across multiple lanes – can spot a broken-down vehicle 16 minutes faster than human CCTV operatives on average.\n\nWhen a vehicle is detected by SVD, an alarm in the operations centre is triggered, causing staff to investigate and take necessary action, closing the appropriate lane and setting digital signs to warn other drivers.\n\nIn ALR schemes were SVD technology is not used, 36 per cent of live lane breakdowns took over 15 minutes to find.\n\nThe report also reveals HIghways England’s targets give a three-minute window in which to set a signal change, such as bringing up a red X symbol to close the lane, when a vehicle stops in a live lane.\n\nHighways England says this target does not change, regardless of by which method the broken-down vehicle is detected.\n\nsmart motorways\n\nThe report’s revelations are at odds with Government evidence given to the Transport Select Committee in September 2016, when the Committee heard Stopped Vehicle Detection systems would be applied to all sections of ALR smart motorway. \n\nSVD will not not be operational on the M3 J2-4a until 2021, while other schemes currently in development are set to be completed in 2022.\n\nThe M4 will be fitted with other emerging technology instead, but Highways England has not confirmed what this will be.\n\nIn addition, the AA has learned that seven per cent of Highways England’s CCTV overlooking motorways is in ALR sections, roughly proportionate with the six per cent of the UK’s motorway network that is comprised of ALR roads.\n\nThese cameras are of the ‘Pan, Tilt and Zoom’ variety, which means they can only look in one direction at a time. If an incident occurs in northbound, for example, and the camera is looking southbound, an operative is unlikely to spot the incident until the camera is turned around. \n\nEdmund King, president of the AA, described the news as a “truly shocking revelation”. He said: “Taking three minutes to set the red X is too long for someone in a broken-down vehicle to wait.\n\nExpecting someone to wait in a dangerous and life-threatening position for 20 minutes is simply inexcusable.”\n\nMax Brown, head of smart roads at Highways England, commented: “The evidence is clear that smart motorways improve safety, with or without automatic stopped vehicle detection systems. \n\nThe latest generation of smart motorways have helped to improve safety by at least 25 per cent.\n\n“Our trials on the M25 have shown that a stopped vehicle detection system can be a valuable extra tool to help spot incidents more quickly, and the technology is being designed into all the smart motorway projects that we start constructing from next year.\n\n“Meanwhile we are looking how we could provide the same benefits on all our other recently opened smart motorway upgrades and work on installing a stopped vehicle detection system on the M3 smart motorway in Surrey and Hampshire is already underway.”\n\nUK laws on drug driving explained\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDriving while on prescription medication\n\n\n\n\nPunishments for drug driving\n\n\n\n\nInternational alert as listeria cases hit 150 in Spain\n\nSpain’s health ministry issued an international alert over the country’s biggest ever listeriosis outbreak on Wednesday as the number of people affected rose to 150, including one fatality.\n\nAmid concerns over possible infection among the more than 80 million tourists who visit Spain annually, the ministry said it was checking another 523 suspected cases.\n\nMost confirmed cases have been recorded in the southern region of Andalusia, where the packaged pork plant linked to the outbreak is situated. But there have been others as far away as Catalonia in the northeast and more around 50 people remain in hospital.\n\nListeria is an illness caused by eating foods contaminated by the bacteria, Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria infection (also known as listeriosis) is uncommon but it can cause death in at-risk people,\n\nsuch as the elderly and people whose immune systems are not working properly.  Listeria, usually causes mild illness but can be dangerous to pregnant women, 23 of whom are among those still hospitalised, and those with weakened immune systems.\n\nThe ministry said it had issued alerts to EU authorities and the World Health Organization over the outbreak, which was on Tuesday confirmed to have killed a 90-year-old woman.\n\nThe plant in question, owned by Seville-based Magrudis, was inspected by health authorities after lab tests showed the presence of listeria in one of its products, the ministry said. All products manufactured in the plant since May 1 have been recalled.\n\nThe company has not responded to requests for comment.\n\n“Obviously there was a failure to follow the established procedures,” acting health minister Maria Luisa Carcedo told reporters. “Now we need to carry out the inspections and investigations to figure out exactly where this failure took place.”\n\nListeria high-risk foods\n\nThe following high-risk foods should be avoided:\n\n  • Any unpasteurised milk or foods made from unpasteurised milk\n  • Soft-serve icecreams\n  • Dips and salad dressings in which vegetables may have been dipped\n  • Raw vegetable garnishes.\n\n\nListeria symptoms range from mild to severe\n\nEarly symptoms include:\n\n  • Fever\n  • Headache\n  • Tiredness\n  • Aches and pain.\n\nThese can lead to more serious problems, including:\n\n  • Meningitis (brain infection)\n  • Septicaemia (blood poisoning).\n\nSymptoms generally occur about 3 weeks after coming into contact with Listeria bacteria, but symptoms may occur as quickly as 3 days or as long as 2 months.\n\nListeria is dangerous for pregnant women\n\nPregnant women with listeriosis may experience only mild flu-like illness, but the unborn child suffers the serious effects of the infection.\n\nEven a mild infection can cause:\n\n  • Miscarriage\n  • Stillbirth\n  • Premature birth\n  • A baby who is very ill when born.\n\nOther people who are at high risk of listeria\n\nPeople at high risk include:\n\n  • The elderly\n  • People whose immune system is weakened by illnesses like cancer, liver or kidney disease and diabetes\n  • People on medications like prednisone or cortisone. This includes organ transplant patients.\n\nWhat is the treatment for listeriosis? \n\nThere are several antibiotics that are effective against this bacterium. However, Listeria infection affecting the central nervous system can be fatal even if the patient is treated with antibiotics. \n\nThis is particularly likely in the elderly and in people with other serious medical problems. Early diagnosis and rapid use of antibiotics are critical for a successful recovery. When infection occurs during pregnancy, antibiotics given promptly to the pregnant woman can often prevent infection of the fetus or newborn.\n\nBabies with listeriosis receive the same antibiotics as adults, although a combination of antibiotics is often used until physicians are certain of the diagnosis. (NOTE- it is very important to finish your antibiotics, even if you begin to feel better, unless otherwise directed by your health care provider.)\n\n\nThe Listeria bacterium has a Jekyll and Hyde personality and  it is well adapted as a organism which gets its energy from dead and decaying organic matter (saprophyte) for peaceful survival in soil and decaying vegetation (Dr. Jekyll) \n\nHowever, it has a second life as a bacterial pathogen capable of causing serious infection in humans and in many animal species (Mr. Hyde)\n\nIn its Mr. Hyde phase, the bacterium is a significant public health hazard, responsible for an estimated 28% of deaths attributable to known food-borne pathogens.\n\nHow a humble soil-grown bacterium transform into a deadly invader.\n\nThe transformation appears to be mediated through complex regulatory pathways that produce virulence factors in response to environmental cues.\n\nOnce the bacteria are ingested by a human, the increase in temperature and exposure to acid in the stomach stimulates increased production of stress response proteins that kick starts the bacterium into its virulence state.\n\n\nThe bacteria are able to live in a wide range of conditions and environments—they can tolerate both acidic and salty conditions, both high and low temperatures, and a fairly low moisture content.\n\nThese characteristics allow the Bacterium to survive a long time in a variety of food products and food processing plants.\n\nBecause the bacteria can multiply and persist in food processing plants for years—even more than 10 years in one documented case—Listeria is especially hard to control and can result in intermittent contamination of food.  Unlike most bacteria, it can grow and multiply at low temperatures, making the bacteria a potential problem even in properly refrigerated food.\n\nThis information is intended for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace consultation with a health care professional. \n\nThe Health Benefits of Sleep\n\nIt doesn’t take a genius to realize that sleep is beneficial for the body. After an uninterrupted sleep session, you feel refreshed, full of energy and ready to take on the day.\n\nThe importance of sleep goes beyond boosting your mood and energy levels. In recent years, scientists have gone to great lengths to understand the health benefits that sleep brings. In this article we’ll be looking at exactly how sleep enhances your health.\n\n1 – Better Memory\n\nNumerous studies have shown that sleep has a positive effect on your memory and allows the brain to become much better at remembering things.\n\nResearchers believe this is the result of a process known as memory consolidation whereby the brain recalls skills learned while you are awake.\n\n2 – Enhanced Concentration\n\nSleep is like nutrition for the brain. When you get enough of it, the chances of losing concentration during the day are much less.\n\nThis makes you much more alert while you complete your daily tasks and has a direct positive impact on your effectiveness, productivity and performance.\n\n3 – Faster Muscle Growth\n\nThe body releases growth hormone and builds new muscle cells while you are sleeping. Not only does it renew and revitalize your cells, but it also repairs any tissue damage.\n\nThis is particularly beneficial if you perform weightlifting workouts, as the intense exercises that make up these workouts tear your muscles slightly so that they can grow back bigger and stronger.\n\nSleep provides your body with the platform it needs to fully repair these torn muscles and maximize your muscle size and strength.\n\n4 – Increased Fat Loss\n\nResearchers have found that getting enough sleep can help you eat less and even accelerate the rate at which your body burns fat.\n\nSleeping helps to regulate the levels of ghrelin and leptin in your body – 2 hormones that control hunger and appetite.\n\nIt also stimulates the production of human growth hormone – a hormone which supports and speeds up your body’s fat burning processes.\n\n5 – Improved Physical Performance\n\nIf you’re an athlete who wants to improve your performance, getting good quality sleep every day can help you achieve this goal.\n\nResearchers at Stanford University ran a study on college football players who slept for at least 10 hours daily over several weeks.\n\nThey found that not only did the well-rested athletes increase their average sprint times but also felt less tired and had more stamina during the day.\n\n6 – Reduced Stress Levels\n\nWhen your body is sleep deprived, it goes into stress mode. Its functions remain on high alert which causes a spike in blood pressure and cortisol – the stress hormone.\n\nHigh blood pressure increases your risk of heart attacks and stroke while being stressed has a negative impact on your mood and increase your risk of falling into depression.\n\nBy ensuring that you get enough sleep on a regular basis, you can keep your body out of stress mode and stay in a calm, relaxed state.\n\n\nAs you can see, there are so many reasons to enjoy quality sleep. So, if you’re not currently getting at least 6 hours every night, make some changes to your lifestyle right now, set aside the time for quality sleep and start enjoying all these benefits.\n\n1 2 3 4\nMalcare WordPress Security", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7910507917404175}
+{"content": "California judge rejects water deal for major farm supplier\n\n·4-min read\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe contract gives Westlands access to 1.15 million acre-feet of water for irrigation and other purposes, though it doesn't guarantee all of that water in drier years like the one California is now experiencing. Since 1988, Westlands has only received its full allocation from the Central Valley Project six times, according to the district's website.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWestlands moved forward anyway, finalizing the contract in early 2020. The district again sought approval. But Tharpe said the district's decision to move forward with a more detailed contract didn't change the fact that it initially sought approval for something incomplete. In his ruling, he again declined to validate the contract.\n\nMeanwhile, environmental groups and other opponents charge Westlands isn't paying back all of what it owes the federal government for use of the water infrastructure. The Interior Department previously said Westlands owed the federal government $480 million. That was eventually brought down to about $210 million, which Cartwright said the district has “fully repaid.\"\n\nBut opponents say Westlands owes significantly more money for projects designed to mitigate damage and restore habitats for fish and wildfire through the water system, including the chinook salmon. Under a 1992 law, Central Valley Project contractors owe a combined $400 million for environmental work, with much of that cost falling to Westlands as the largest contractor.\n\nWestlands says it is following the same process as other water districts for converting its contract and that it's received no special treatment. “The suggestion that the permanent nature of the proposed Westlands repayment contract makes it an ‘unusually good deal’ is simply false,” the district wrote in a 2020 “fact sheet” about the contract.\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.966184675693512}
+{"content": "Artists’ Ideas, Materials, & Process: Under the Great Wave\n\nWriting Haikus: Under the Great Wave, off Kanagawa\n\n1 / 4\n\nWrite a haiku inspired by Hokusai’s print that captures its imagery and mood.\n\nHaikus and woodblock prints\n\nAround the same time artists in Japan were perfecting woodblock printing, poets were experimenting with a new form of poetry known as the haiku.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8479310274124146}
+{"content": "How many letters does the Thai alphabet have?\n\nWhat alphabet does Thai use?\n\nThe Thai script (Thai: อักษรไทย, RTGS: akson thai) is the abugida used to write Thai, Southern Thai and many other languages spoken in Thailand.\n\nThai script.\n\nParent systems Proto-Sinaitic alphabet Phoenician alphabet Aramaic alphabet Brāhmī Tamil-Brahmi Pallava Khmer Sukhothai Thai\nChild systems Tai Viet\n\nIs it easy to learn Thai?\n\nThe language, with its seemingly curlicue letters may look difficult at first glance, but with language apps, Youtube videos, and lessons via Skype, learning Thai is actually quite easy, and it’s highly recommended and possible to learn the language before setting foot in Southeast Asia.\n\nIs Thai written right to left?\n\nThai is written across the page from left to right, with no spaces between words, for example: You are trying to view Flash content, but you have no Flash plugin installed. To find out how to install a Flash plugin, go to the WebWise Flash install guide. Noi has been working here for almost 20 years.\n\nIs Thai a difficult language?\n\nUltimately, Thai is not much more difficult than other languages. There are some areas that can prove hard as we have just mentioned, but with perseverance and dedication, you can learn. Taking time to practice consistently is key. One way to help you learn is using language learning apps such as the Ling App app.\n\nTHIS IS IMPORTANT:  Quick Answer: How many liters of alcohol can I bring to Malaysia?\n\nHow long does it take to be fluent in Thai?\n\nTo become completely fluent in Thai, you’ll need to put in a whopping 2,500 hours (100 weeks if you study 25 hours a week). Here’s everything you should know about reaching the advanced level.\n\nIs Thai worth learning?\n\nLearning Thai helps you better understand the culture. For example, the way Thai people talk to each other, the colloquialisms they use, the way different objects are classified, and the way in which people are addressed.\n\nWhat is the hardest language to learn?\n\n8 Hardest Languages to Learn In The World For English Speakers\n\n  2. Icelandic. Number of native speakers: 330,000. …\n  5. Korean. …\n  6. Arabic. …\n  7. Finnish. …\n  8. Polish.\n\nHow do I write my name in Thai?\n\nThe easiest way to write your name in Thai is to find a Thai letter that corresponds to the pronunciation of your Thai name.\n\n\n  1. Anne – แอน\n  2. Claire – แคลร์\n  3. Denise – เดนิส\n  4. Emma – เอ็มม่า\n  5. Elizabeth – เอลิซาเบธ\n  6. Julie – จูลี่\n  7. Joy – จอย\n  8. Kimberly – คิมเบอร์ลี\n\nHow do you get someone’s attention in Thai?\n\nIf you are at a restaurant and want to get the attention of the waiter or waitresses you can say ‘khun khap’ or ‘khun ka’. This is very polite and will be appreciated. If you listen to Thai people calling to the waiter or waitress you will probably hear them say something entirely different.\n\nTHIS IS IMPORTANT:  What terminal is AirAsia in Manila?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9862747192382812}
+{"content": "Space Resource Discussions in the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space\n\n\n[Valerie Oosterveld is a Professor at the University of Western Ontario (Western University) Faculty of Law in Canada and a faculty member with her university’s Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, also known as Western Space. Anne Campbell is a recent graduate of Western University and a current Western Space summer intern.]\n\nPlans for the extraction of water and minerals in outer space – particularly on the Moon – are developing faster than international law is evolving to address this reality.\n\nAs a result, the Legal Subcommittee of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) held informal consultations during its recent 2021 annual session to consider the theme of ‘exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources’.\n\nCOPUOS was established in 1959 to govern the peaceful exploration and use of space for the benefit of humanity. In 1961, COPUOS’ Legal Subcommittee was formed to meet annually for two weeks to discuss legal questions related to the exploration and use of outer space.\n\nA Growing Legal Focus on Space Resources\n\nThe COPUOS Legal Subcommittee discussions on space resources come at a pivotal moment: a number of spacefaring countries and private entities are well-advanced in their plans for Moon missions – plans which include in situ space resource utilization, such as the extraction and use of water and minerals from the Moon. For example, the US-led Artemis Missions plan to utilize space resources (see Section 10 of the Artemis Accords), and its partners – at present, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, New Zealand, the Republic of Korea, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom – will be involved in these activities. China and Russia also have recently announced joint plans for space resource utilization. In 2020, China’s Chang’e-5 venture led a sampling and return exploration mission to the northwest of the nearside of the Moon as a part of China’s Lunar Exploration Program. India and the European Union also intend to send missions to the Moon within the next decade.\n\nDespite the growing State focus on the exploration, exploitation and use of space resources, there is currently no dedicated international legal framework governing space resource activities. The 1967 Outer Space Treaty (OST) creates a basic framework for international space law, including two key principles: 1) states have the right to freely explore and use space (including the Moon), the exploration and use of outer space shall be carried out for the benefit and in the interests of all countries, and there shall be free access to all areas of celestial bodies (Article I); and 2) outer space, including the Moon, “is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means” (Article II).\n\nHowever, the OST does not explicitly address space resources. This creates some ambiguity as to the legal parameters governing space resource extraction, use and ownership. For example, states disagree on the answers to fundamental questions, such as:\n\n  • Can states and private entities gain property rights in extracted space resources, given the non-appropriation principle?\n  • Can states make claims to areas containing space resources on the Moon and elsewhere and, if so, what are the temporal and geographical limits of such claims?\n  • How should claims to space resources be coordinated and how should disputes over claims be settled?\n  • What international environmental law applies to space resource extraction, and are additional legal norms required to ensure that space resource extraction is conducted sustainably?\n  • How can the interests of space resource-collecting states be balanced with the interests of non-spacefaring countries (and interested groups, such as Indigenous peoples with beliefs about the Moon and outer space)?\n\n[The 1979 Moon Agreement does address some of these issues, but it has only been ratified by 18 countries, mostly non-spacefaring states.]\n\nIn response to this lack of clarity under international law, and in a bid to support the private space sector, the United States, Luxembourg, the United Arab Emirates and Japan have drafted national legislation regarding the exploration, exploitation and use of space resources.\n\nPlans by spacefaring states for space resource utilization, and the presence of ambiguities in international space law, led to calls for action within COPUOS to address those gaps.\n\nThe 2021 COPUOS Legal Subcommittee Discussions\n\nThe sixtieth session of the COPUOS Legal Subcommittee took place virtually between 31 May – 11 June 2021.\n\nIn 2019, the Legal Subcommittee agreed to scheduled informal consultations on “potential legal models for activities in exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources” to take place at the 2020 session. However, that session was cancelled due to COVID-19. The informal consultations were rescheduled to the 2021 Legal Subcommittee.\n\nThe 2021 informal consultations were informed by a number of working papers, conference room papers and statements. Proposals submitted by China, the Russian Federation and Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Greece, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia and Spain all supported the creation of a working group of the Legal Subcommittee tasked with considering the issue of space resources, but with different proposed areas of focus and outcomes.\n\nFor example, Austria et al. proposed that, within five years, the working group would submit to the Legal Subcommittee: 1) principles and practical measures for space resources activities on celestial bodies, for possible adoption by the UN General Assembly in a dedicated resolution; and 2) a report on the legal aspects of space resources activities and recommendations for further work by the Legal Subcommittee.\n\nRussia proposed that the working group aim to develop principles and rules for the regulation of activities on exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources, which could become elements of a new international treaty in the future.\n\nChina proposed that the working group focus on creating a draft report through a five year process: stocktaking/information collection in 2022, norm-mapping of existing space law on space resources in 2023, design the structure for the final report in 2024, draft the report in 2025, and finalize the draft report, in coordination with COPUOS’ Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, for submission to COPUOS in 2026.\n\nCountries also made oral statements, demonstrating widespread support for the establishment of a working group on space resources, but with differing levels of enthusiasm, and differences of opinion on its aims and outcomes. For example, the United States stated that “the Outer Space Treaty does not provide a comprehensive international regime for space resource utilization activities. At this stage, the United States sees neither a need nor a practical basis to create such a regime.” Stressing the early stage of space resource use, the US indicated that the time is right to establish a working group, “so long as we can reach consensus on a pragmatic work plan that reflects the early stage of these efforts.” Another example is Canada’s response to the Austria et al. proposal, indicating that “the scope is too ambitious for the 5-year mandate” and that “it would be more manageable to focus on achieving consensus on a set of principles within its 5-year term.”\n\nA second theme that emerged from the statements was a call by developing countries for equitable access to space resources. This was noted by the G77+China and by Indonesia “so that developing countries are not left behind by spacefaring countries”.  \n\nA third theme of the Legal Subcommittee discussions was on the space environment. The Ukraine stated that the working group should aim to indicate “norms of sustainable utilization of the exhaustible resources, avoidance of contamination and causing irreversible changes of the environment of celestial bodies”. France and New Zealand also expressed concern about the preservation of the environment, with New Zealand commenting, “the existing rules do not include any explicit requirements related to the conservation and long-term management of space resources, sustainability and the space environment.”\n\nA fourth theme that was evident in the statements by some countries was that the use of space resources is already legal, and that future exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources was both required to advance humanity’s space knowledge, and inevitable. According to the United States, “truly substantial increases in human and robotic presence in the solar system will require utilizing resources already located outside of Earth’s gravity well”. In one of the more detailed statements during the informal consultations, Canada stated:\n\nAs space agencies around the world work together to promote coordinated efforts in human and robotic space exploration on and around the Moon and Mars, we know that key resources will be needed to meet the objectives of these deep-space exploration missions. These resources, including water, oxygen, propellant, and materials for life support and infrastructure will becomes increasingly complex, costly, and risky to obtain from Earth, so we know we will need to conduct in-situ space resource utilization. \n\nA final theme that emerged from the statements made during the informal consultations was that the discussions on the use of space resources were not only legal in nature, they were also scientific and technical, and part of the larger context of human activities in space. Thus, a number of countries – including Thailand – called for coordination between the Legal Subcommittee’s working group and the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, and contextualization of the space resources discussion. For example, Canada stated: “by focusing only on space resources we will not account for the larger context in which these activities will take place, namely potential human settlements, scientific missions, rover operations, and other such missions. Studying resource use divorced from the context in which it will arise could inadvertently lead to undesirable consequences for these broader activities.”\n\nA New COPUOS Legal Subcommittee Working Group\n\nAfter eight rounds of informal consultations, the Legal Subcommittee decided “to establish, under a five-year workplan, a working group” focused on “potential legal models for activities in exploration, exploitation and utilization” of space resources. However, the mandate, terms of reference and methods of work will continue to be discussed during the intersessional period, led by the working group Chair, Andrzej Misztal (Poland), and the Vice-Chair, Steven Freeland (Australia).\n\nThe working group intends to meet at the sixty-fourth session of COPUOS (25 August – 3 September 2021).\n\nThe step of creating a working group is positive, given the urgent need for international guidance on space resource extraction and use in the face of fast-developing plans by numerous states to conduct Moon missions in the near-to-medium term. At the same time, there are significant differences that will need to be bridged in order to come up with a realistic, useful, and forward-looking workplan and outcome.\n\nThe next year presents a significant opportunity for legal experts to engage with the issue of space resources. The Third Revised Co-Moderators’ Proposal indicates that, in 2022, the working group plans to identify “appropriate means to include the expertise and views of academia, civil society, technical experts, institutional and private actors as well as means of coordination with the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee”. Therefore, the upcoming consultations will determine which voices are included within this important discussion for years to come.\n\nPrint Friendly, PDF & Email\nFeatured, Organizations, Public International Law, Space Law, Technology\nNo Comments\n\nSorry, the comment form is closed at this time.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9995256662368774}
+{"content": "Climate change, sustainability and the environment – The NHS, large corporations and workplace canteens\n\nPeople can no longer simply graduate, get a job, work 40 years and retire with an excellent pension. That dream has passed. For anyone under 40 today, we are used to the idea of the need to change jobs and the demand to be flexible and creative to try and find ways to make ends meet. In fact, recent research has shown the average worker now changes jobs approx. 12 times in a lifetime.\n\nThe Huffington post did a great little infographic piece a few years ago illustrating how we divide our time between different activities; these can incidentally be useful to use with patients when trying to set goals and plan activities based on values and time.\n\nThe point being, we spend a lot of time at work. It is common to think about ’30-40 years’ of employment as the point where we reach retirement age, but it is useful to point out that when calculated accurately, we actually spend on average 14.5 years of our lives working, when considering a 37.5 hr week. The amount of time estimated to be spent working during a typical 50 year period of employment is approximately 24% (there’s some food for thought).\n\nStill, we remain employed for at least a 30-year period and let’s be honest, most of our generation will be working well into our 70’s unless there are drastic changes, for example in the form of automation and other large scale innovations that influence how jobs are carried out and how society as a whole is run, but that is a discussion for a different day.\n\nOn that note, an interesting proposal has been making the rounds lately. With the dramatic effects of global climate change becoming even more visible to us all, sustainability and climate / environmentally friendly choices may soon no longer be ‘choices’, but rather the only options we have.\n\nIn some fields we will likely have to accept changes, for example with regards to meat consumption. The Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change’s (IPCC) latest report points out that it is important to do something about methane, and animal husbandry accounts for the largest emissions. As health authorities are also recommending a reduction in the consumption of red meat, we may be required to turn meat consumption back to what was normal in the 1950’s or 60’s. If canteens allow people to eat less meat whilst still providing well tasting and interesting options, it could influence people to live more environmentally friendly, whilst also improving health outcomes in the population.\n\n\n\n\nA story came out recently of how Berlin Universities are cutting meat from their canteen menu, their new menu will contain approx. 4% of meat and fish, whereas the remaining options will be centred around meals made of seasonally fresh, locally sourced main ingredients – as these foods have a low Co2 footprint. However, there is an argument to be made that whilst simply cutting out meat could have health benefits, it could have an insufficient and potentially worse climate impact if the option meat is replaced with is not sourced from sustainable environmentally friendly vendors. For example, there is no point replacing a local UK produced meat source in a shepherd’s pie that has travelled via train and car to the canteen / local provider from the farm, with peppers and avocados that have travelled 1000’s of miles in a shipping container overseas which has a far higher and more significant CO2 emissions rate.\n\nThis is known as ‘food miles’ and is a discussion point in the catering industry that has gained more traction as the climate issue has become more pressing, there are even calculators available online to track how many food miles your food has travelled before reaching your plate. For instance, if you are in the UK and are eating an avocado normally sourced from Mexico / Central America, it would have travelled 5551 miles (8931km) before reaching London.\n\n\n\nAccording to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), a sustainable diet should provide us with enough healthy and safe food, whilst ensuring that what we choose to eat does not spoil the globe either today or for the future. But sustainable food also has to fit into different cultures and be affordable to everyone who uses it.\n\nWhat exactly constitutes sustainable eating is also a controversial issue. A recent report by a Scandinavian university explained how sustainable food production covers more than greenhouse gases. They discovered that as of today, foods cannot be labelled correctly because there are no good methods for measuring sustainability locally. What is considered sustainable food production, will depend on each country’s individual nature-based production methods.\n\nReuters wrote an article as far back as 2016 introducing the idea of bringing sustainability into workplace canteens, and the ‘Catering Mark’ – a certification that can be awarded to businesses for good sustainable food solutions, has become an increasingly desired staple of the catering industry. A recent review by The NHS supply chain does also mention sustainability, but predominantly in relation to food waste minimisation. As the worlds largest public sector employer, the NHS have also set a highly ambitious goal of becoming the worlds first carbon net zero national health system by 2040.\n\n\n\n\nWhen discussing sustainable, climate and environmentally friendly solutions it can often be felt like a struggle between how much responsibility and change we demand large corporations take upon themselves as the largest contributors to climate change, (this article is over 4 years old, just 100 companies are responsible for 71% of global emissions..) and how much change we are prepared to make in our own day to day lives. Or to put it in other terms, are we prepared to reduce our quality of life, to stop doing the things we like to do and start doing other things that require more time, energy and labour in order to ‘do our bit’ for the climate, when 71% of emissions are being produced by only a handful of large corporations. At first glance, it is offensive to make us as consumers feel responsible for these changes, and to demand that we make significant changes to our lives compared to them making big changes to their business models seems like a nonstarter.\n\nHowever, it is a difficult question – for the longer we wait for these large companies to change, the closer we are to the deadlines set out in the recent IPCC report. We can likely influence their behaviour to some degree, through the basic supply and demand process. If we no longer purchase, invest in or publicly support companies that do not have sustainable and environmentally business models, they will eventually have to change. The question is, is there enough time to influence this change?\n\nThe tobacco industry can be used as an example here. Whilst they aren’t exactly thriving; due to significant restrictions and regulations in addition to changes in supply, demand and smoking culture, they have started making a move from traditional cigarettes to vaping, cannabis and other non-tobacco based nicotine services. Whilst more research is needed to determine if this change is beneficial to the climate, it is at least at the moment considered beneficial to public health in the form of reduced lung cancer and respiratory disease rates that are well connected with cigarettes.\n\n\n\nWhat we do know, is that most people in the world are calling for wide-ranging action. A recent report by the United Nations Development programme, processed by the University of Oxford, was published in January 2021. It was the world’s biggest ever survey of public opinion on climate change. Covering 50 countries with over half of the world’s population, the survey included over half a million people under the age of 18, a key constituency on climate change that is typically unable to vote (yet) in regular elections.\n\nIn the survey, respondents were asked if climate change was a global emergency and whether they supported eighteen key climate policies across six action areas: economy, energy, transport, food & farms, nature and protecting people. \n\nResults show that people often want broad climate policies beyond the current state of play. For example, in eight of the ten survey countries with the highest emissions from the power sector, majorities backed more renewable energy. In four out of the five countries with the highest emissions from land-use change and enough data on policy preferences, there was majority support for conserving forests and land. Nine out of ten of the countries with the most urbanised populations backed more use of clean electric cars and buses, or bicycles. \n\nWe can therefore reasonably conclude that there is a global demand for change. However, more research is required within individual countries, cultures, areas and socioeconomic groups to determine how to design policies that will produce a significant impact on meeting large, global, climate goals, - but also relatively ‘small’ local changes, such as what foods we can purchase in our work canteens.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8963263034820557}
+{"content": "If memories of learning algebra bring you out in a cold sweat and thoughts of quadratic equations cause you feelings of fear and dread, I Used to Know That: Maths can help.\n\nA light-hearted and informative reminder of the things that we learnt in school but have since become relegated to the backs of our minds, this book will help you to brush up on your mental arithmetic, including percentages, averages and recurring decimals or work on your trigonometry skills, from Pythagoras' theorem to triangle areas and angles.\n\nA practical guide to turn to when an answer is eluding you, from helping a child with homework to calculating change or understanding statistics. I Used to Know That: Maths is a fun and accessible way to re-visit all those useful tips and maths tricks that you have forgotten from your school days.\n\nISBN: 9781782432555\nAuthor: O'Mara, Michael\nFormat: Paperback\nDimension: 198mm X 129mm", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9917877316474915}
+{"content": "Angeles Winesett\n\n\nAngeles is a veteran of the United States Navy, which piqued her interest in diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts. Her natural empathy, southern roots, and military training are all key in helping her understand the importance of awareness, speaking up, and squashing the \"but\" factor. Additionally, she has spent the last 17 years honing her executive administrative skills by simultaneously keeping multiple clients organized, on schedule, and within budget throughout various projects.\n\nContributed Content\n\n\nVeterans Serving the Civilian Community\n\nVeterans can continue to serve the civilian community with built-in leadership, DEI ideals, and discipline.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5324057340621948}
+{"content": "Thursday, May 17, 2018\n\nLin-Manuel Miranda\n\n1.Lin-Manuel Miranda\n\nThis is general biography of Miranda's life up until this point. It includes his experience as an actor, composer, and singer.\nThis article talks about Miranda's contributions to his community and the involvement he and his family have in providing programs for children for the arts.\nThis website talks about all the awards and recognitions he has received.\n\n3. Lin-Manuel Miranda has changed the way Broadway perceives musical theater. He scored his first Broadway musical in 2008, Into the Heights, and won four Tony awards for that show. He then went on to compose a whole new style of musical, all in hip hop and rap, which had never been attempted before. His musical, Hamilton, took over the world by storm and inspired a new audience to discover and appreciate his hard work on this new form of art. He truly is an amazing composer, but he also starred as the leading role of Alexander Hamilton. He is a gifted rapper and singer and he has made monumental steps for the whole Broadway community.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9933218359947205}
+{"content": "WDYK About Alfred Hitchcock?\n\n Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (1899-1980), was a huge figure in the creation of thrillers and horror movies. During his career, he has directed a plethora of intense movies in a career spanning six decades. What do you know about this incredible director who changed the landscape of cinema forever?\nHitchcock was known for his _____ and _____ way of speaking\nSlow, thoughtful\nQuick, erratic\nSlow, erratic\nQuick, sharp\nHow many Oscars did Hitchcock personally win?\nWhat honor was Alfred Hitchcock awarded in 1979?\nA knighthood by the Queen of England\nAn academy award\nA lifetime award\nAn Emmy award\nWhich of these is a movie by Alfred Hitchcock?\nRear Window\nThe House of Wax\nThe Bad Seed\nCreature From the Black Lagoon\nWhich of these is NOT a movie by Alfred Hitchcock?\nThe Birds\nStrangers on a Train\nHouse on Haunted Hill\nWhat did Alfred Hitchcock do for his movie 'Psycho'?\nBought many of the book's copies so as not to spoil it\nDid not allow early screenings for journalists and critics\nForbid entry for all once the movie began screening\nAll answers are correct\nHitchcock began his careers in movies as a...\nScenery painter\nWhich of these facts about Alfred Hitchcock is NOT true?\nMade a movie about the Holocaust and archived it for decades\nWrote the text for 'Film Production' in the Encyclopedia Britannica\nRefused to watch his most popular movies for decades\nInserted 1-second nude photos in 5 of his most popular movies\nHitchcock was ______ in origin.\nHow many films did the prolific Hitchcock direct?\nWhich of these movies was directed by Alfred Hitchcock?\nInvasion of the Body Snatchers\nThe Blob\nThe Thing\nWhat nickname was given to Alfred Hitchcock?\nMaster of Suspense\nKing of Tension\nThe Psycho\nScion of Horror\nShall We Try Again?\nYou don't seem to know that much about this famous director. Perhaps you didn't watch many of his movies, or do not like his style. If you've never really tried him, though, we recommend watching Rear Window and Birds for a really good creepy time.\nYou Know Some Hitchcock!\nYou have fair knowledge about this famous Master of Suspense. He has created so many iconic movies that have changed the landscape of cinema forever. Good on you for knowing quite a bit about him. That said, there are some questions you missed. How about checking out our answers?\nAn Hitchcockian!\nYou are definitely a Hitchcock fan and it shows! You must have a refined taste in old cinema classics and an appreciation for the old masters of Hollywood. Good on you! You've really impressed us with your knowledge.\n1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12\nSign Up for Free Daily Posts!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9706427454948425}
+{"content": "As industry and the government debate the steps required to implement the agricultural and agro-processing master plan, it bears highlighting that many of the required actions will have to take place in the government sphere.\n\nImproved productivity and more efficient delivery of critical government tasks and functions would move SA agriculture ahead at speed...\n\nBL Premium\n\nThis article is reserved for our subscribers.\n\n\nAlready subscribed? Simply sign in below.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9996482133865356}
+{"content": "Want create site? Find Free WordPress Themes and plugins.\n\nAre you a psychology aspirant and seeking guidance on how to apply for a psychology internship?\nDon’t worry, the following article will enlighten you further. It as a discipline deals with the scientific study of human emotions, behaviour and mental well-being. Psychologists have researching, examining and studying the way the human brain processes and functions. Psychology comprises different fields of study as clinical psychology, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, quantitative psychology, and much more. Its summaries and records the human behavioural patterns, cognitive functioning and social processes that influence their decisions and choices.\n\nInternships in psychology are an integral part of a student’s life. It shapes their understanding based on real-life experiences and practical knowledge. The internships can make them realise the true meaning behind the studied theories while making them more aware and good observers.\nTo know more about gaining an internship in the field, let us dwell on the following article.\n\nWhat are the benefits of a psychology internship?\n\n1. Interns or undergraduate students can learn, decide and think of pursuing a specialisation in a particular field. It will help them identify their areas of interest while making them more knowledgeable and aware of the same course. \n\n2. One is likely to gain skills like- Awareness, practical or analytical thinking, excellent observation skills and much more. A student will learn to carry out different tasks like conducting research, practising while providing therapy trials to patients and offering them psychological care under their vigilance.\n\nA List Of Psychology Careers 2794917 01 Bad0c991ef424ca8845e03c27f82c03a\n\n3. It would let them work under the mentorship of an expert or a professional who can guide them properly about their particular field of interest. Most importantly, interns are gaining knowledge from practical experiences. They learn to connote with the theories of psychologists by conducting empirical observations. It generates a better understanding and interpretation of various notions in psychology.\n\n4. Lastly, the internship adds a major boost to the students to understand the professional work ethic while looking for suitable employment in the job market.\n\nWhat are the skills learnt by Psychology interns during the internship?\n\nThe skills learnt while doing the internship are as follows –\n● Empathetic behaviour.\n● Critical thinking skills\n● Better communication incorporates the\n● Attributes of a good listener.\n\nHow to find a psychology internship\n\nTo find a psychology internship, one should look at the following points of concern.\n● An undergraduate student can hunt for internship opportunities at different organisations like women’s shelters, rehabilitation centres, centres dealing with children’s welfare and much more.\n● To gain the experience, one can look for training and practice in non-profit organisations too. The point is how? Apply for the internship on Internshala and filter your preferences accordingly.\n● Some offered internships offer a stipend, while some are certificate-based. Starters can go for the latter to gain a better understanding and familiarity with the job role or position. And eventually, after gaining experience, one can even go for the paid ones. Choose wisely.\n\n\n● Students can look for internships on Internshala that offer various positions as a career counsellor, psychology consultant, content creator in Psychology and much more. All you have to do is prepare a strong CV and add your details to enhance your profile.\n● Other platforms where one can look for internships are Interworld, Twenty19, Letsintern and much more. Undergraduate students can even approach the recruiters who visit their colleges and campus for interns.\n\nWhen should we know we need to apply for an internship?\n\nUndergraduate students should start looking for psychology internships at the end of the semester as advised by the professors. They can even start early to gain a better insight into the same.\nPoints to keep in mind\n1. Discuss with your college coordinators or mentors- Most colleges offer placement opportunities for the students at the end of their final year. Discuss the same with your college coordinators as they will guide you through the procedure of selection, short-listing, and full-fledged guidance on internship placements or programs.\n2. Online opportunities- Due to the outbreak of Novel coronavirus, we saw how the online opportunities widened the scope for the students. Grab this chance and do internships as offered by various platforms like Internshala, LinkedIn, internships.com and much more. Utilise the advantage of the online resources adequately, as you couldn’t have done the same in the offline mode.\n\n3. Talk to your mentors and professors- One might not approach their professors in person but, one can surely reach them via other platforms like email if they wish to educate themselves on a particular subject. The question is -Why choose professors?\nIt is so as they have a piece of detailed knowledge about the field they’re working in. They even have contacts with the people who are serving as professionals. Such people will connect you to the future internship opportunities that come their way.\n\n\nWe conclude that to gain a better and detailed understanding of their subject, one should contact their professors to know more about the future opportunities, internship programs and information about placements for the same.\nIn the following article, we discussed the factors of concern regarding the Psychology internship.\nHoping you could know about the procedure of psychology internships.\n\nBy – Hansika Bhardwaj\n\n\nSo this is the end of the post How to go about with a psychology internship?. Hope You Enjoyed it. Here are more Career Related Blog Posts.\n\nRelated Posts in -", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8749160766601562}
+{"content": "50 years of nationalized copper in Chile\n\nLast July 11th, 50 years of one of the most important processes were commemorated. Nationalizing copper, a state policy driven by Salvador Allende, was a turning point for mining in our company, an industry which by those times, was exploited by foreign companies. How was the process triggered? How was the day after July 11th, 1971? We are going to talk to María Celia Baros, History Degree, Universidad de Chile and specialised in Social History of great mining.\n\n“There is an isolated precedent, which I haven’t been able to confirm, about a proposal of nationalizing in 1915, probably related to the beginning of Chuquicamata in Calama because that is the date in which modern extraction started” explains historian María Celia Baros while analyzing the precedents which allowed Chile to nationalize its main exportation product, copper on July 11th, 1971.\n\nNevertheless, it is agreed that the facts that encouraged this state policy, started in the 1950s with an early stage of charging taxes. “The Chilean state realized that the American companies with large deposits were practically autonomous due to the fact that they were private. Therefore, they took most of the production, leaving no benefit to Chile.\n\nThe first part was a consecutive tax charge to copper production which was enlarged throughout time. Those were the years in which great mining wasn´t mentioned yet. “Later on, the first law arose, known as ‘del Nuevo Trato´ in 1955. It was said that ´fine, such companies can go on producing but under new conditions´”\n\nAfter that,  chilenization of copper took place in 1967, 51% of deposit shares were bought. Therefore, mixed partnerships were formed with each explosive company. It ended in 1971 with the nationalization of copper where the state bought the remaining 49% of shares and companies were completely nationalized.\n\n-How was the process which finally arrived with the law promulgation? Which were the consequences?\n\nThe state not only had a proposal, furthermore, there was a position in relation to it, passing through the governments of Alessandri, Frei Montalva and Allende. In addition, the Northamericans felt rather threatened in the beginning so they were making decisions accordingly, such as, claiming about taxes. Even if they finally paid them. Later on, there were conversations with each of the companies and finally, by law chilenization and nationalization took place.\n\nThe Northamerican companies worked under a high level of industrial exploitation, meaning real transnational corporations. Chile was not considering the idea of copper yet as they were still regretting the loss of saltpeter. Due to this fact, copper was not considered a national income and therefore there was no awareness of how local mining impacted regions.\n\n -Was there a lack of information?\n\nI have always believed that Chileans know little about copper and should know much more. We ought to be conscious about the meaning of copper for us and for the international economy.\n\nDue to this matter, political restlessness was very strong, much more than knowing how this metal was produced. Effects were not minor, Northamerican companies started to handle the idea of accepting that it would be a transfer, a gradual transaction. Nevertheless, afterwards, they felt expropriated, so conversations got tough and finally the state dictated reform article 10 of 1925’s Constitution, in which the state declares itself the absolute, exclusive, inalienable owner of mineral resources in Chile. Within this reform, nothing could be done.\n\n-How was the decision handled by the market?\n\nThe markets were closed automatically. This affected each mine at different levels. An example of such is Chuquicamata, which was undergoing a general enlargement and El Teniente had started a transfer plan with Operation Valle 1967. Andina had just opened at the moment of nationalization and could not be properly part of this process. It had not even reached the first programmed production. Andina took 25 years to start production. Potrerillos and El Salvador had 10 existing years, dealing with minor productions.\n\nMeanwhile, the international area was dealing with huge problems. First, the Northamerican companies set up lawsuits in The Hague regarding this process. Secondly, some markets were closed because the clients were Northamerican companies, not us. Blockades began, spare parts became scarce. There were cases of foreclosures of copper production which were already traveling to their destination. Anaconda Copper said ”Chileans must eat their copper”. Challenges were complex. The political decision was one but the reality of the deposits and the moment of copper production was another one.\n\nThis process was left behind and several people were not aware of what really happened. It was hard, there were industrial plants which could not be stopped all of a sudden. Once a grinder, a foundry or a mill were started, they needed to be on or turned off completely. Nevertheless, once a machine is paralized, it is very hard to be restarted; information only the people working on it know.\n\nThe technical part is very relevant and I’m interested in highlighting the professional role of the Chilean workers. If there hadn’t been experienced Chilean workers in each of the deposits, this would have been extremely dramatic. On the other hand, there were Chilean engineers who gradually took over the administration. Some of them were very young at the time, nowadays, seniors in Codelco.\n\n– How do you consider the importance of the government of “Unidad Popular” concerning the previous and later agreements of nationalization?\n\nI wouldn´t stand out only the government of “Unidad Popular” because it is the one who culminates the process. It finally made the move to turn into a full negotiation. It was said to be a negotiation without last names because each government provided an important role. Tax charges could have provoked resistance from the northamerican companies and the lawsuits in The Hague could have gone into debt, at the moment. Luckily, conversations arose and facts were progressively handled.\n\nA simple example is that nobody can turn minerals into metal, even if the biggest mine in the world  is found. Copper and mining work is a team work, many people are required in order to operate a plant. Whenever speaking about great mining, we are speaking about tons of fine metric in the foreign market and there is a need to commit to the requirements of the London Metal Exchange. This was a very complex process and according to my opinion, each Chilean government was adding initiatives up. A few days ago, a well known mining lawyer, established that 14 presidents needed to go through in order to set this event. The final push was given by “Unidad Popular” and Allende’s government by making the decision and nationalizing it completely.\n\nThe day after\n\nWithout further information about the nationalized deposits and markets being closed for Chilean copper embarking, the country had to start an exhausting process in order to rebuild the mining structure we know nowadays.\n\n-What was missing to achieve nationalization?\n\nIn the area of the institution, a Corporation of Copper was created which finally was named Codelco. In relation to the economical issue, the state needed to organize itself in order to receive the copper incomes. Because, normally the incomes went to large private companies. Taxes were collected gradually within the Ministry of Finance for state coffers. Nevertheless, there was no legislation regarding procedure nor the final outcome.\n\nPartly, due to this fact, Comisión Chilena del Cobre (Cochilco) was created with the purpose of dealing with matters such as commercializing abroad, auditing and general statistics. On the other hand, legally speaking, mining law as well as property law were required to be changed, reforming more laws. Therefore, chilenization and nationalization are the first part of a starting process.\n\n-In relation to closing markets, how was the opening to other countries like?\n\nA process in which Chile was the new copper owner was informed. As a conclusion, the productor took the leadership role of the old companies.. It needed to respond regarding the stopped productions in foreign ports which often were confiscated, therefore, taken back to Chile.\n\nOn the other hand, strong international relations took place. The military government had to deal with the matter of compensation. There is a specific chapter which concerns responses to lawsuits of The Hague  and international trials. To the extent that answers were provided, pending compensations were assumed; maybe not all the money requested by the North Americans was paid but large amounts were. Due to that fact, foreclosures were canceled and lawsuits against the Chilean government ended. A brave face was needed and saying “ We want copper and we buy it”. The custody had an unknown cost, millions of dollars were paid, though less than expected. A good foreign relations management was made to spread out the process of nationalization, winning a natural Chilean resource.\n\n-What is your opinion concerning the way in which the process was dealt? Was there concern that it wouldn’t work?\n\nThe point of view of the governments at the time was optimistic, it could go on regardless of its difficulty. On the other hand, the human resource was very important. The departure of the North American companies resulted in their professionals leaving their knowledge as well. The focus was centered on the remains of the deposits. One of the main concerns was the geologic issue, due to the fact that the amount of copper was unknown because geology and the reservations were always a “safe box” for private companies. It was managed by foreign geologists and the information was sent to the United States. So the question for the government was: “ We have copper today but are we going to have copper in the future?”. That is why the most important role belonged to the Chilean engineer who was just getting to know the field.\n\nIn some of the companies, like El Teniente there was a previous training as a transition. In Chuquicamata there were just some engineers in some positions, but only a few, the ones left and they knew what was left and could go on with it. Later came the formation of Corporación del Cobre (Codelco) and its organization, which took 10 or 15 years to achieve administration domination.\n\nIn fact and due to the latter, much of the North American internal administration structure remained until a decade ago. There was an exploitation structure of the mining industry on a high scale and engineers emphasized it. That model, created by the North Americans, was very important and allowed it to go on. It also permitted continuing with the deposits and enabled new mining explorations which were confidential in the past. Finally, one of Codelco´s  greatest achievements was having updated explorations which provided new information, such as the one from Chuquicamata and El Teniente which are more than 100 years old, determining at least 50 years of exploitation. The smallest deposits have also expanded but they still count with new reserves.\n\n-What do you think is the importance of achieving this process 50 years ago? How do you see the present and the future of this industry?\n\nFinally, the result was extremely positive. The copper industry is an enormous contribution for Chile. We need to take care of it because we need not to forget that it is a non-renewable resource. During the last decades, the amount of work, initiatives and benefits that this industry had provided Chile is inmmense. There is a huge list of achievements, not only technically, but also prestige as a productor.\n\nOne of the things Chile established since it started to re-establish the market was the punctuality for delivering copper units. Codelco keeps an annual sales campaign where company executives manage sales contracts within two or three years in advance. That is the reason why the technical part is important; as long as the reserves are known, it is possible to sell and commit within the market. Therefore, we have earned prestige as copper producers worldwide. We keep on offering a quality product, not only producing copper, but also considering sustainable matters. Besides, we have achieved social responsibility. Massive jobs are provided to thousands of people and region workers.\n\nFor each deposit, there is a significant number of collaborators, companies and services that contribute which turns the industry into a source of employment and attraction. As well as mining engineering and other related areas of engineering got together for the sake of education. There are Chilean engineers formed by Codelco and medium engineering who later move to private engineering and then travel around the world. New professional careers specialized in copper. But all the above mentioned, took a long time.\n\nOn the other hand, there are cultural aspects involved; camp life, customs, social clubs, sports. The specific way of camp is an architectural matter. I participated along with a group of architects from Universidad Católica in a Fondecyt project studying the classic Company Town. These originated the internal planification of old camps which are being abandoned nowadays but were very important for Chilean urban history as interesting precedents derived from them. Therefore, the contribution of copper is immense and we probably have for more than 50 years due to the reservations that are still being exploited and that are daily determined in each deposit. Nevertheless, we ought to take care of it, it is a non-renewable source which we need to know.\n\nThe most important thing to me is to appreciate those people who have worked generation after generation in the deposits, hoping nothing bad happens to them. Do not remember them only whenever there is an accident because they are committed to the country and doing their best to get ahead. We need to respect, know and be grateful for the work done for more than 100 years in an anonymous way by copper workers.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5969805717468262}
+{"content": "Russia summons German military attaché after Berlin’s defense minister suggests NATO should threaten Moscow with nuclear missiles\n\n25 Oct, 2021\n\nRussian officials have held an urgent meeting with the German Embassy’s military attaché in Moscow, expressing concern at a series of comments by the country’s defense minister that they say may worsen already fraught relations.\n\nIn a statement released on Monday, the Ministry of Defense revealed that, earlier that day, Berlin’s envoy “was asked to appear before the Main Directorate for Military Co-Operation.”\n\nDuring the meeting, “attention was drawn to the remarks made by German Defense Minister Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer on nuclear deterrence against Russia, and a diplomatic note was handed over.”\n\nLast week, Kramp-Karrenbauer told radio station Deutschlandfunk that nuclear weapons could be deployed over the Baltic nations that border Russia. According to her, “we must make it very clear to Russia that we are ready to use such measures as well, so that it would have an early deterrent effect.” This, she said, “is in response to the current behavior of Russia.”\n\nAccording to officials in Moscow, “such statements provoke increased tension in Europe and are not conducive to the normalization of the situation.” Responding to the claims, Kramp-Karrenbauer’s Russian counterpart, Sergey Shoigu, said that “security in Europe can only be collective, without infringement on Russia’s interest.” However, he went on, “currently NATO is the party that’s not ready for equal dialogue on this issue.”\n\n“Amid calls to deter Russia militarily, NATO is consistently building up its forces near our borders. The German foreign minister must know quite well how such actions have ended for Germany and Europe previously,” Shoigu added, in a remark widely interpreted as a reference to WWII.\n\nRead also:\nRidiculous still dangerous: Trying to persuade Norwegians of the risk of a Russian invasion\n\nKramp-Karrenbauer’s comments have also drawn criticism from members of Germany’s coalition government, with Rolf Mützenich, the parliamentary chair of the Social Democratic Party, blasting them as unhelpful. “The defense minister’s recent conclusions about the use of nuclear weapons in the event of a conflict with Russia are irresponsible,” he said.\n\n“Mrs. Kramp-Karrenbauer[’s comments are] no different from the equally unfounded threats from the Russian side,” Mützenich continued, adding that such statements contributed to the “spiral of escalation.”\n\nThe row comes just days after NATO revealed its members had given a green light to a major plan designed to combat Russia in a putative military conflict. The classified document, detailing how the US-led bloc could clash with Moscow’s forces from the Baltic to the Black Sea, is said to include a focus on non-conventional warfare, including cyberattacks, conflict in space and even the use of nuclear warheads\n\nPublished at\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.914455771446228}
+{"content": "Disease models\n\nUnderstanding the causes of disease to find new treatments\n\nTo understand what causes a disease, scientists often create a disease model – a biological system in the lab that mirrors a disease or shows some of the same disease processes.\n\nCrystals of the influenza polymerase protein\nThis image shows crystals of the influenza polymerase protein, which is essential for the survival of the influenza virus. X-ray crystallography is a method used to capture the polymerase protein in different states of action. Unravelling the influenza polymerase structure, helps understand its function and could allow scientists to design novel drugs to prevent or treat the disease.\n\nSuch a model could be cells growing in a Petri dish, or organisms that lack a certain cell type, tissue, or organ structure. Studying these cells or organisms under controlled lab conditions removes the randomness of the environmental influences that affect humans. Disease processes can also be studied using computer models or statistical approaches.\n\nEMBL scientists study models for several common human diseases. By letting cells grow into spherical assemblies called organoids, they can study the role of individual genes in processes such as cancer development, or investigate how cancerous cells react to drug treatment. Bioinformaticians develop computer models to simulate the processes by which viruses infect their host cells and multiply within them. Other researchers engineer specialised scaffolds on which they can grow cells into defined layers, similar to tissues found in the body. These cells can be used to study biological processes associated with vascular disease or malaria. All of these systems help us to better understand human diseases and may lead to new approaches for their treatment.\n\nEMBL units researching disease models\n\nGenome Biology\n\nScientists in the Genome Biology Unit use and develop cutting-edge methods to study how information across different molecular layers (DNA, RNA, Proteins, metabolites) are regulated, processed, and utilised, and how their variation leads to different phenotypes, including disease.\n\nStructural and computational biology\n\n\nStructural biology\n\n\nTissue biology and disease modelling\n\n\nView all EMBL research units\n\nLatest Research Jobs\nSee more research jobs\nSee other Topics\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6967200040817261}
+{"content": "\n\nMore From Forbes\n\nEdit Story\n\nThese Sustainable Footwear Brands Will Change The Way You Wear Luxury Sneakers\n\nCassell Ferere\n\nFootwear has been a polluter of the fashion industry since the sneaker revolution of the 80s. Once modern shoe styles were introduced to society, fashion met the demand at the cost of the environment and the working-class people under inhumane labor laws in third-world and developing countries. But shoes that ‘last’ - the name of the block of foot-shaped wood that forms the shoe silhouette - come from passionate shoemakers who care about the circularity of their footwear production.\n\nUndoubtedly, footwear from Italy has been the gold standard in men’s shoes. Craftsmanship is the essence of fashion production around the European continent. Portugal is one country stepping up to fill the quality product void, away from fast fashion, for many luxury brands: Portugal can produce their luxury goods but at more efficient pricing. The fashion trade show and fair Modtissimo is heightening the cache of Portugal in fashion. A partner in facilitating business and production from neighboring countries to provide high-quality fashion products.\n\nWayz: For A Lifestyle\n\nBorn in Portugal, Wayz is defining high-end shoe production with quality that is affordable and ethical. Wayz takes the clean palette of a minimal shoe and adds leather detailing that strengthens its design's architecture. This is complemented with simple aesthetics supported by a thicker outsole.\n\nTheir primary partners in production are locally sourced factories, family-owned and well-known in the region for shoe-making. Artisans craft each piece of the shoe no more than 70 kilometers from the design headquarters in Porto, Portugal. The artisans are paid fair wages under good working conditions and respected labor laws.\n\nWayz utilizes recycled and upcycled materials that are sourced naturally from local companies. Recycled plastic waste collected from the Mediterranean Sea by Mipe, located in Felgueiras, Portugal, makes up the polyester upper. The shoe is also made of recycled 70% recycled rubber, provided by Bolflex also located in Felgueiras. Their vegetable-tanned leather is hypoallergenic and sourced from by-products of the cattle industry, and chromium and metal-free. A biodegradable inner sole made from latex, linen, wool, and wood fibers, and cotton laces round out the rest of the well-built shoe, with sleek design and stance.\n\nKoio And Regenerative Farming\n\nKoio is an advocate and protagonist of what is called regenerative farming. Unlike commercial or modern conventional farming, where one animal is designated to an enclosure, regenerative farming is bio-diverse in animal and plant life, essentially growing wild without designation. Regenerative farming provides a naturally sustainable ecosystem for plants, animals, and the land. It is a simple, and natural process that has Koio shoes set on a regenerative future.\n\nProducing its shoe line in Le Marche, Italy, by master craftsman, Koio has locally sourced leather, suedes, and recycled materials in the making of each pair. Every pair touches the hands of 42 different artisans before a customer can wear a pair. Even the soles of the shoes and the shoeboxes are sourced in the surrounding region of the Marche manufacturer. The Italian-made shoes are designed with 70 years of skill, with last, or “forma” in Italian, being the soul of the Koio brand. Their head last maker, Gianluca, uses wooden last that date back as far as the 1940s.\n\nKoio's founders, Johannes Quodt and Chris Wichert, have set out to be the premier footwear designers creating shoes ethically. Since 2013, they have been crafting shoes that speak to a clean aesthetic and a circular lifestyle. The Italian artisans and craftsmen are passionate like the founders are and have been intricate to the success of Koio shoes.\n\nMarita Moreno And Alternative Materials\n\nMarita Moreno is a staple of Portugal fashion as a slow-fashion and sustainable fashion brand. Launching her vegan line in 2018, the Marita Moreno brand has used materials like cork which are regenerative on their own, and a recyclable material that can become all sorts of textiles. Producing locally in Portugal since their start, Marita Moreno has employed artisans to craft shoes and accessories from cork, raw materials, and more recently, an apple skin-based leather.\n\nThe ATACAMA leather shoes are a display of high quality and ethically-made luxury from sustainable sources. These pairs of sneakers, inspired by the Atacama Desert in South America. The upcycled leathers from previous collections feature the crackled leather, called Atacama. The crackled leather is of the Portuguese region and is made special for the Marita Moreno brand.\n\nThe ATAMACA ultra-lightweight soles are made with ecological EVA material with a natural bio-leather lining. Parts of the shoe use Burel, a 100% wool cloth. The leather is made without any heavy metal production. Amazingly, the ATAMACA can be buried and will dissolve in 2 to 3 weeks, providing natural compost. Marita Morena is an award-winning shoemaker of the 2021 Global Footwear Award in the professional category in the Ethical Manufacturing/ Sustainable Manufacturing Process.\n\nR3 And The Recycle and Renew Concept\n\nConstructed from recycled waste and biodegradable materials, the R3 Concept sneakers are designed to be recycled, directly from their last wear. Focused on finding fair trade processes for their shoe business, the family-founded company opted for production in their home country of Canada, for European production standards. Notably, Europe has a better production value for their materials and labor, and they are a great resource for luxury production in footwear, especially.\n\nWith the thought of renewing shoes which often cannot be, R3 Concept has a zero-waste program. This program, coinciding with suppliers and manufacturers respectful of the Global Recycle Standards, allows R3 to retrieve used pairs of shoes, refurbish them and donate them to soles4souls non-profit based in Canada. Packing for each shoe is 90% recycled cardboard sourced in Montreal.\n\nR3 Concept creates a shoe from the first step of its production, as beneficial to the supply chain of future pairs of shoes to be made, if necessary. The shoe is lightweight and durable with resilience from refined recycled and upcycled materials, providing the luxury sneaker feel.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.997532844543457}
+{"content": "New hydrogen fuel stations from Honda are coming to Japan\n\nNew hydrogen fuel stations from Honda are coming to Japan\n\nOctober 27, 2017 0 By Alicia Moore\nH2 hydrogen ebook\n\nHonda will be building new hydrogen fuel stations throughout Japan beginning in 2018\n\nHonda has announced plans to develop a new type of hydrogen fuel station that will be installed throughout Japan beginning next year. The automaker will be working with local governments in order to deploy approximately 100 of these new stations by 2020. These new stations are meant to provide strong support for fuel cell vehicles, which are expected to become more common in Japan in the coming years. The stations will also contribute to Japan’s overarching plans to establish a hydrogen society.\n\nNew fueling stations are equipped with advanced technology\n\nHonda’s so called Smart Hydrogen Station was first unveiled in 2014. Since then, the company has installed 15 of these stations throughout Japan. Since their initial debut, Honda has made improvements to the technology that the stations use. As such, the automaker’s new stations will be more efficient at producing hydrogen fuel on-site. The new stations will also pressurize gaseous hydrogen using a mechanical compressor. This allows the stations to be much small and quieter than their conventional counterparts, which could make them quite attractive for use in large, densely populated metropolitan areas.\n\nHonda’s hydrogen fuel stations are less expensive than other stations\n\nMost importantly, the new hydrogen fuel stations from Honda will be less expensive than other stations. Conventional stations can cost up to $4.4 million to develop. Honda’s new hydrogen fuel stations can be developed for as much as $600,000, with government subsidies factored in. The relatively low cost of these new stations could significantly accelerate the establishment of a comprehensive hydrogen fuel infrastructure. This infrastructure is needed to ensure the success of fuel cell vehicles coming from companies like Honda.\n\nJapan is investing heavily in fuel cell technology and its hydrogen infrastructure\n\nJapan has become one of the world’s most attractive markets for fuel cells and clean vehicles of all kinds. The country is currently home to nearly 100 hydrogen fuel stations, the majority of which are meant to support fuel cell vehicles. The country is also working to build an infrastructure that is capable of supporting the development of a hydrogen society, which will derive the majority of its electricity from fuel cell systems.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5434300899505615}
+{"content": "Have you ever wonder what is the difference between the Rockwell hardness tester, Vickers hardness tester, and Brinell hardness tester?\n\n\nThe ability of any certain object or substance to resist indentation when a force is applied to it is known as hardness.\n\nAn object’s hardness should be classified as a feature or a characteristic rather than one of its properties and the hardness is generally measured by calculating the permanent area of the indentation caused by a fixed load.\n\nThe Hardwell and Brinell tests are two specific methods to measure hardness.\n\nRockwell Test\n\nThe Rockwell Test is the easier of the two methods and tends to be more accurate. It can be utilized for testing metals of all sorts including hard metals (unlike Brinell Tests), except for circumstances where external factors play a part in preventing it.\n\nSurface Rockwell & Vickers Hardness Tester\n\nIt also happens to be the most commonly used test.\n\nThe Rockwell Test uses specific steps to measure hardness.\n\nUnlike the Brinell Test, it uses a smaller indenter such as a diamond.\n\nThis indenter is used to apply a minor load (Increased load/force is applied later) so as to avoid breaking the surface of the material.\n\nThis way it proves to be a less destructive method in comparison to the Brinell Test.\n\nVickers Test\n\nThe Vickers test is ideal for test materials that do not require much load/force but rather increased accuracy during the testing procedure.\n\n8-4500HK Automatic Turret Digital Display Vickers & Knoop (Double Indenter) Hardness Tester\n\nEquipped with the sharp point of its diamond indenter, the Vickers test also makes use of an optical system that enables magnification of the material’s target area.\n\nThis magnification ability allows the tester to focus on microelements on the surface and thus, be more accurate. This is vastly different from the other tests.\n\nHowever, compared to the Brinell and Rockwell Tests, the Vickers Test is more expensive due to the preparation required and the cost of obtaining the optical system.\n\nThe testing procedure also takes more time than the Rockwell Test.\n\nBrinell Test\n\nThe Brinell Hardness Test method happens to be the very first test that was used widely.\n\nDigital Display Shore A C D TH-200 Type Hardness Indenter 20~90HA\n\nIt is usually used to measure the hardness of metallic materials with a specific preference given to materials that are rough.\n\nIt also may be the case that the material is simply unsuitable to go through other tests, thus leaving the Brinell test as the sole method of determining hardness.\n\nThe Brinell test, however, is not suitable for materials that have hardened too much with hardened steel being one of the obvious examples.\n\nDigital Display Leeb Richter Hardness Tester 17.9-69.5HRC, 19-651HB, 80-1042HV, 30.6-102.6HS\n\nIn addition to that, this method also happens to be quite slow in comparison to other tests and tends to make irreparable imprints on the metallic object or material.\n\nSo, If you are looking to buy a cheap hardness tester, please visit our site testhardness.com\n\nWe are a very professional hardness tester factory from China.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9385699033737183}
+{"content": "Tower Tech Cooling System\n\nWritten by Jignesh Shah\n\nCooling towers are one special kind of heat exchanger that allows water and air to come in contact while lowering the temperature of the hot water. In short, a cooling tower cools down the water that gets overheated due to the industrial process. Even with so many variations of cooling towers available today the workings principles remain common in every way. Due to which the buyer finds it extremely daunting to choose from many of the cooling tower services.\n\nHowbeit, there are three major factors that will narrow down your options to a much manageable number.\n\nThe Capacity and Performance\n\nThis is one important feature to consider for any cooling tower service. However, considering this factor depends on every individual’s requirement. Investing in a larger capacity tower is an essential need because returning overly warm water will stop cooling tower supplies from working properly and even damage your system.\n\n\nYou can measure capacity in tons. The number of tons of ice that could be used to melt to remove heat is how you measure the capacity of a cooling tower. It can also be measured in terms of its flow rate, which measures the amount of water that it can handle in gallons per minute. Overall, the capacity should be higher so that its enough to handle all of the water flowing through your cooling system.\n\nPerformance can be measured through its approach. Calculate the performance by the range of a cooling tower, that is by the difference in the temperature between the hot water entering the cooling tower and then the cooling water removed from it. Its a difference between the output temperature of the water and the wet-bulb temperature of the air used to cool the water.\n\nTower Size\n\nThe cooling tower you choose needs to be fit into the space that you have chosen for it. Mostly every location is suitable for a cooling tower but makes sure that the air intakes should be nearer to the structural wall, while the tower should be away from the building’s air intakes. The footprint of the cooling tower is an important aspect to consider while you place the tower.\n\nHeight matters for indoor cooling, however, proper care should be taken care of it. Like the fan, discharge should be above the level of the nearby walls.\n\nLastly, if you are looking to save place choose the counterflow cooling towers. This system uses the pressurized nozzles to spray the water vertically downwards via the fins against an upwards flow of air. Such a cooling tower system has a smaller footprint than the others. However, this system also has limited maintenance access, hence it becomes difficult to clean the tower basins.\n\nopen circuit cooling tower\n\nOpen Circuit or Close Circuit\n\nOpen circuit cooling towers pass water from the cooling system straight through the tower, to the outside air. While the closed circuit cooling tower system uses a separate heat exchanger loop in the middle of the water circuit to cool down the building and the flow of air from outside.\n\nIf you are looking for a simpler design, open circuit cooling towers are the best choice and also they are cost-effective. Not to forget that the simpler design also saves money. But, such systems can easily allow contaminants from outside into the entire cooling circuit, so they may not be suitable for high-pollution areas.\n\nOn the other hand for the closed circuit cooling tower, the cooling circuit water is maintained inside a coil that is cooled by spraying water, keeping it separated from any outside air. Thus, making the fouling less likely to happen, meaning that cooling tower maintainers can use up less time cleaning cooling tower fins.\n\n\nAll the cooling towers are usually designed to fulfill specific purposes. Due to every tower having its own unique features, not all cooling towers work for all applications or industrial processes.\n\nIn the above article, you will get a clear idea of the variations of each cooling tower supplies. It will help you comprehend to know the variety of cooling towers. You can learn there advantages/disadvantages and decide which cooling tower type is right for your industrial process.\n\nCheck out the cooling tower parts list that gives you an overview of cooling tower types to help you figure out which tower is the correct choice for your industrial application.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5137450098991394}
+{"content": "\n\nThe definition of who qualifies as an American is increasingly a partisan debate. The parties are in open disagreement over the value of diversity in American society. This is a challenge to those who push back against white supremacy. However, this development isn’t as uniformly bad for them as you might think.\n\nThe parties are now split on race and group politics\n\nAs I explain in my 2018 book, “Uncivil Agreement: How Politics Became Our Identity,” the social makeup of the Democratic and Republican parties has changed remarkably. The Republican Party increasingly represents the white, Christian, male and rural elements of the U.S. electorate. The Democratic Party has moved to represent, in essence, everyone else. Now, votes are not only driven by voters’ policy and economic preferences, but also by their preferences over which groups in American society will “win.”\n\n\nNow, however, we are seeing a new racial and cultural divide between the parties, not within them. Among white Democrats, for instance, support for the view that the “country needs to continue making changes to give blacks equal rights” grew from 57 percent in 2014 to 80 percent in 2017. A 2019 Pew study asked white Republicans and Democrats whether, “when it comes to giving black people equal rights with whites, our country has [not gone far enough/gone too far/been about right].” Among white Democrats, 64 percent believed the country has not gone far enough. Among white Republicans, 84 percent believed the country has either gone too far or been about right. Pew found similar partisan divides when it asked survey questions about the legacy of slavery and racial discrimination.\n\nIt is unprecedented to see one of the two major parties demonstrating this level of support for racial redress. Polling support does not necessarily translate into political action, especially in a country with institutionalized racial bias, but it does make it more likely than before.\n\nThis is generating racial grievances\n\nMy research draws from sociology and social psychology to explain the inevitable backlash against this process. When the status of a social group is threatened, its members react with anger, defensiveness, bias and action. Political scientist Ashley Jardina, in her book, “White Identity Politics,” described how white Americans who hold strong racial identities responded in these ways. A diversifying nation and the accompanying threat of a shrinking status gap between white Americans and everyone else makes strongly identified whites lash out.\n\nThese aggrieved whites are not operating in a vacuum. They have the support of the Republican Party. This means the racial divide in U.S. politics is organized around party lines. Americans can base their votes on whether they believe that systemic racism exists. Those who do not believe it does, or those who believe white Americans are threatened, are able to act on their beliefs by voting for the Republican Party. The result is that U.S. electoral institutions are riven by a fight over American identity and the relative humanity of America’s citizens.\n\nA forthcoming book by the political scientist Nathan Kalmoe describes how U.S. political parties escalated conflict after taking sides on the issue of slavery, resulting in the Civil War. However, today’s electorate is far more racially progressive than the U.S. population in the 19th century. The partisan divide today is less easily drawn on a map. Systemic racism is not as entrenched as it once was.\n\n\nOther democracies do not have the United States’ legacy of racial violence and intimidation. However, they may also be seeing a similar dynamic, as immigration and refugee crises, and other zero-sum political conflicts such as Brexit, lead to polarization around racial or national identities. Nationalistic, insular politics can gain a foothold when those who depend on whiteness for social status feel their status threatened.\n\nAs a largely white set of countries confronts these deep social changes, we can expect our politics, implicitly or explicitly, to become radicalized in defense of a deep-seated social order that is only changing slowly. In the United States, the racial divide between the two parties echoes violent conflicts in the past and signals a continuing white backlash against the emerging forces of change. But it also provides unprecedented political power to those who struggle toward a more inclusive U.S. democracy.\n\nRead the whole symposium:\n\nLilliana Mason is associate professor of government and politics at the University of Maryland at College Park and author of Uncivil Agreement: How Politics Became Our Identity” (University of Chicago Press).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998989105224609}
+{"content": "Russia’s daily death rate from COVID-19 has surpassed 1,000 for the first-ever time, as Russia faces an ongoing wave of increasing infections.\n\nOn Saturday, the national coronavirus taskforce reported 1,002 deaths, up from 999 Friday. There were also 33,208 COVID-19 confirmed cases. This is more than 1,000 more than the previous day.\n\nRussian officials tried to accelerate vaccinations by offering lotteries, bonuses, and other incentives. However, widespread vaccine doubt and contradicting signals from officials have thwarted their efforts. This week, the government claimed that 43 million Russians are fully vaccinated, which is approximately 29% of Russia’s almost 146 million population.\n\nDespite mounting economic damage, the Kremlin has decided to avoid a nationwide lockdown, similar to the one that was implemented early in the pandemic. This would have severely damaged the economy and eroded President Vladimir Putin’s popularity. Instead, the Kremlin has given regional authorities the power to enforce coronavirus restrictions.\n\nRussia’s 85 regions restrict access to theatres, restaurants, and other venues. But, everyday life continues as usual in Moscow, St. Petersburg, and many other Russian cities.\n\nMikhail Murashko, Health Minister, acknowledged this week that medical facilities are under increasing strains. He said authorities have offered retired doctors who were vaccinated the opportunity to return to work.\n\nThe coronavirus taskforce has recorded more than 7,958,000 confirmed cases, and 222,315 death — the highest death rate in Europe. According to the official record, Russia is ranked fifth in pandemic deaths worldwide, after the United States, Brazil and India.\n\nRosstat, the state statistics agency, reports a higher death toll from pandemics. It also counts deaths where the virus was not the primary cause. As of August, there were approximately 418,000 COVID-19-positive people. This number would place Russia fourth in the list of nations most affected by the pandemic, behind Mexico.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9626775979995728}
+{"content": "Smartphone sales are giving 5G deployments an unintended boost\n\nConsumers don't need 5G, yet they are buying 5G-enabled phones. That's good news for network providers.\n\n\nOne of the key reasons that deployment is accelerating is that consumers are now buying devices that are 5G-enabled.  \n\nImage: AerialPerspective Images / Getty Images\n\nThe global switch to 5G is well underway, with the number of connections to the next-generation network set to reach 1.34 billion in 2022, according to analysis by market researcher CCS Insight. \n\nThis year has seen connections to 5G triple to 637 million, suggesting that the rollout of the network is continuing apace. National lockdowns caused by the global health crisis last year slowed network rollout, for example, making it more difficult to send engineers on the ground to physically build the infrastructure. CCS Insight also noted that geopolitical tensions related to Huawei's role in 5G rollouts led to delays, especially in Western Europe. \n\nZDNet Recommends\n\nBest 5G phone 2021\n\n\nRead More\n\nEuropean countries were effectively hesitant to allow Huawei to provide critical infrastructure for their 5G networks after the Trump administration in the US raised concerns that the company might pose a security risk due to its ties with the Chinese government. \n\nSEE: CES 2022 preview: Crowds set to return to Las Vegas, but digital element remains\n\n\"The US being one country, the decisions were made relatively quickly, while in Europe every country had to make its own decision as to what to do with Huawei,\" Marina Koytcheva, vice president of forecasting at CCS Insight, tells ZDNet. \"In some countries, operators had to wait a little bit to see whether they'd be allowed to use Huawei equipment and in which part of the network. That was probably an even more significant delaying factor than COVID last year.\" \n\nAlthough the speed of rollout is improving in Western Europe, this relatively gradual start means that 5G won't account for more than half of cellular device connections in the region until 2024, predicts Koytcheva.  \n\nDifferent regions are switching to 5G at different paces, therefore, but the trend across Western Europe, North America, China and other advanced markets in Asia remains the same: operators have now largely committed to upgrading from 4G, and are rapidly getting on with the builds. \n\nOne of the key reasons that deployment is accelerating is that consumers are now buying devices that are 5G-enabled: in 2021, CCS Insight expects 560 million 5G-capable smartphones to sell.  \n\nIn a turning point for the industry, Apple released its first 5G-equipped iPhone at the end of 2020, which triggered a \"smartphone supercycle\" that saw many users replace their devices. After a huge dip in sales, smartphones have now started selling again, with the second quarter of 2021 seeing a 10.8% increase in shipments year-on-year. \n\nConsumers looking to replace or upgrade their handsets are likely to be looking for premium devices – and all of the high-end products selling now happen to be 5G-equipped, with some 5G-enabled smartphones even starting to appear in the mid-range.  \n\nIt isn't necessarily that users are actively seeking devices that can support faster networks. Apart from allowing smoother gaming or more realistic virtual reality experiences, 5G is effectively yet to provide a killer app for consumers, who are often satisfied with 4G speeds for applications like scrolling the news or making calls. \n\nBut the market has evolved so that users find themselves owning smartphones that can support 5G regardless. \"Consumers are buying the latest mobile phone when they need one or want to have one, and it happens to have 5G,\" says Koytcheva. \"It's more of a push of the market towards 5G rather than any consumer pull for the technology.\" \n\nThe bottom line is that sales of 5G-capable smartphones are exploding. Previous analysis by IDC predicted that 5G device shipments will increase by 123% this year compared to 2020, and that by 2022, they will make up more than half of all smartphone shipments. \n\nThis is good news for network operators: the more users own a 5G-enabled handset, the more chances there are of boosting the adoption of the technology. In the US, for example, CCS Insight anticipates that strong mobile phone sales in the run-up to Christmas will help penetration rates reach 25%, surpassing the Chinese market. \n\n\"From now onwards it is really how quickly the 5G phones get into people's hands that will be determining how quickly network operators manage to transition their connections to 5G from lower-generation networks,\" says Koytcheva. \n\nIn that context, the ongoing shortage of computer chips that is threatening the supply of electronic devices like smartphones might appear to be a looming threat to the deployment of 5G.  \n\n\nA combination of exploding demand and stretched supply in the past year has contributed to a global shortage of semiconductors that is now affecting industries ranging from home electronics to car manufacturing.  \n\nSmartphone producers have not been immune to the crisis: Apple, for instance, was reported to be cutting production of its iPhone 13 by over 10% because of a lack of computer chips, leading to the company's shares falling by as much as 8%. \n\nBut the risk to the adoption of 5G is only temporary, according to CCS Insight, which expects the global phone market to recover in 2022, and the price of 5G handsets to keep falling. The analyst firm forecasts up to 3.6 billion 5G connections worldwide by 2025.  \n\nThe next few years could also unlock some new applications of 5G outside of the consumer realm that have the potential to be game changing, such as the use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in industrial settings. Hopes are also high for the deployment of Fixed Wireless Access (FWA), which could see 5G being used to provide high-speed broadband to residents in remote areas, without the need to roll out the infrastructure that comes with fixed fiber lines.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7091447114944458}
+{"content": "Do you need more than one yoga block?\n\nTo conclude, you only need two yoga blocks if you’re a solo practitioner. If you run a studio, you should buy two blocks for every person that will need one. You should tailor your purchase to your height – smaller yogis should choose 3″ or 4″ blocks, while larger yogis should go with 5″ blocks.\n\nIs one yoga block enough?\n\nBut it is common for yoga instructors to suggest or require the use of one or two blocks for their classes. A yoga block is most helpful for beginning students and those experiencing injury or other physical limitations, but more advanced practitioners can utilize props to safely learn new challenging poses.\n\nWhat size Yoga Blocks should I get?\n\n4-Inch Foam, Marbled Foam, Recycled Foam, Cork, Bamboo, Wood Yoga Blocks: For general use, 4-Inch Yoga Blocks are the standard. The dimensions (4″ x 6″ x 9″) have been found to be the most universally useful for average practitioners.\n\nAre Yoga Blocks good for beginners?\n\nThere are many yoga poses that yoga blocks can make easier. These postures can include both beginner poses and advanced poses, so blocks can be beneficial for beginner and advanced yoga students. Generally, blocks supply two primary pose functions, they can provide help with flexibility issues and offer support.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Does yoga increase strength?\n\nHow important are yoga blocks?\n\n\nWhich yoga block is best?\n\nHere are the best yoga blocks:\n\n  • Best yoga block overall: Hugger Mugger Cork Yoga Block.\n  • Best basic yoga block: Gaiam Yoga Block.\n\n\nAre there different size yoga blocks?\n\nYoga blocks come in different sizes, but the standard and most common yoga block dimensions are 4″ x 6″ x 9″ and 3″ x 6″ x 9″. Most of the yoga blocks have three different heights. Some new blocks even offer four height settings due to their innovative design.\n\nWhat can I use instead of yoga blocks?\n\n\nHow much weight can a yoga block hold?\n\nWooden yoga blocks can hold the most weight, up to several hundred pounds. Depending on the type of wood, you can assume the block can hold up to 600-700 lbs per square inch. A wooden yoga block that is three inches wide by six inches long can hold approximately 10,000 lbs!\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  You asked: Can you make a subtask a main task in Asana?\n\nWhy do you need 2 yoga blocks?\n\nYou need two yoga blocks for:\n\nComfort support in two sides poses such as Reclined Bound Angle. For extra support in restorative postures such as Bridge and Fish chest openers. If you are extra tight on one side and need extra length.\n\nCan yoga help you lose weight?\n\n\nHow do you lay on a yoga block?\n\nStart by setting up a block or pillow on the flat area underneath your shoulder blades, and a second block further up your back underneath the back of your head. Recline back and relax your arms down by your sides, with your palms facing up.\n\nHow do you clean yoga blocks?\n\nCleaning your Yoga Block\n\nUse a drop of dish washing soap with water and rub the surface of your blocks to remove any dirt or stains. Set the blocks out to allow them to dry. If the blocks are really dirty, or you have several, you can place them in a washing machine with laundry soap to be cleaned.\n\nDoes Walmart have yoga blocks?\n\nYoga Blocks (2 pack) – Set of 2 High Density Foam Yoga Blocks – –", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6139191389083862}
+{"content": "Types of Associations\n\nWhile a relationship is essential for life stability and strength, there are also different kinds of relationships, which you should know about. The types of interactions can be grouped into 3 main types: long-distance relationships, and interracial associations. It is important to recognize that there is not only one single form of relationship. You should get pleasure from all types of associations, and enjoy your entire relationships to the fullest!\n\nThere are numerous different types of romances. These include friendships, acquaintanceships, intimate relationships, and community or perhaps group associations. Some types of human relationships may terme conseillé with each other, although there are four main different types: close relationships, family, and group romantic relationships. In addition to these, asian mail order brides you will discover more complex varieties of these associations. Here are some examples of each type. One of the most satisfying sort of relationship is known as a relationship that you create with someone you love.\n\nIn other words, you can have a solid and inadequate relationship. In a monogamous romantic relationship, there are two people involved in a sexual intercourse. As the strong entity and weak business are intimately linked, they can’t have a deep interconnection. This type of romance is also not really exclusive. You can also get different kinds of romances between two individuals. In a sexual marriage, one person is certainly inseparable through the other.\n\nYou will discover three several types of relationships. These are known as monogamous and polygamous. Among the list of three types, misery loves company is considered the most common. Their concept is the fact both partners have related interests, yet do not reveal sexual attraction. It is the most common type of marriage. However , both the partners include nothing in accordance. For instance, the men in a monogamous romance are very very much likely to currently have sexual closeness with their partners.\n\nThere are many various relationships. Several couples get married to for an unacceptable reasons, while other people marry designed for the wrong kinds. In fact , a few couples may even fall into one type of relationship. Although this is not the truth with every marriage, it does effects the individual’s life. Only a few relationships are happy or successful. In a monogamous marriage, there is no need to stop. In a polygamous relationship, both partners need to work out right after in their lives, but they both should be honest together.\n\nThere are three different types of relationships. For example , you will find the romantic type. This is the most usual type of marriage. There are some types of monogamous romances that are depending on the concept of mutual love and friendship. The romantic sort of relationship, in contrast, is based on the concept of solidarity. The loner sort of relationship is normally characterized by the possible lack of communication with the other person. The various relationship focuses upon sexuality.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9857940077781677}
+{"content": "A difficult affair occurs when a wedded people percentage emotional intimacy and help\n\nMatter: “how do married Christians avoid psychological issues?”\n\nResponse: with somebody except that his or her mate. Becoming mentally intimate with some one except that wife have a chilling influence on the wedding commitment; plus, psychological closeness often progresses to real closeness, providing devastation. A lot of people reject the severity of mental matters, but this type of issues commonly harmless and will wreck marriages and groups.\n\nMarital lovers should display dilemmas, emotions, and requirements collectively and determine the limitations of exactly what can be contributed away from wedding and whom. Creating friendships outside of the relationship was a healthy thing, but a reliance on outsiders to meet up emotional goals could become a temptation, specially when partners spend much time aside. Co-workers as well as others with whom we invest big obstructs period could become a substitute for all the mental service of a spouse. Jobs interaction and friendships need the proper limits to make certain they just do not being inappropriate.\n\nThere are indicators that a simple friendship could possibly be ultimately causing an emotional event. When we begin to believe a need to protect areas of a relationship, we are crossing a line into improper territory. Psychological range between spouses or a boost in the number of arguments may indicate one spouse is embracing another individual for nearness. Closeness calls for closeness, which cannot result if a spouse gives their closeness to anybody outside the marriage.\n\nChristians should protect well from the attraction to lean on anybody other than the spouse Jesus gave for them\n\n1. don’t spending some time alone with individuals in the face-to-face gender, especially people you will be drawn to. 2. Do not spend more times with another individual than you are doing together with your spouse. 3. don’t promote romantic specifics of your daily life with anyone before discussing they along with your wife. 4. alive transparently. Do everything just as if your spouse are existing. 5. Devote personal time for you to prayer and Bible study. Inquire God to get a hedge around their relationships (tasks 1:10). 6. manage a pure thought lives. Try not to entertain fantasies about other folks. 7. Plan energy together with your wife on a regular, once a week, and monthly foundation and use those hours to construct psychological closeness.\n\nEach one of these choices may help Christians to spot poor avenues and avoid the temptation of mental issues.\n\nChristian goals placed relationship and families 2nd and then the Lord. Jesus may be the just one who is able to totally fulfill our goals, in which he may be the first consideration. God designed wedding to unite two different people into one (Genesis 2:24). He desires them to develop collectively and allow little individual them (Matthew 19:6). Wedded couples must benefits her commitment what sort of Lord do and work on ways to enhance it and construct nearness. God additionally forbids adultery or lusting for someone outside matrimony (Proverbs 6:25; Exodus 20:14; Matthew 5:28). People that go beyond your Lord’s build to meet their requirements sin against God and possibly spoil their unique interactions (Proverbs 6:32; 1 Corinthians 6:9–20).\n\nA lot of on earth believe married associates wanted “space” to the stage of leading separate everyday lives to possess a healthy connection. In no way do the Bible advocate codependency. However, a marriage is through definition a life stayed and in the pipeline together; it is interdependency. Those who don’t understand God’s policy for relationship may believe its hookupfornight.com/craigslist-hookup/ harmful to fairly share anything with one individual, but that’s why is relationship different from all other partnership. Really a blessed union between a couple and decorative mirrors compared to Christ with his church.\n\nSharing closeness with anyone apart from a wife, if the closeness was actual or mental, is actually sin and an infraction of confidence.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6575260162353516}
+{"content": " Effects of ICI 182,780, an ERα and ERβ a... - BV FAPESP\nAdvanced search\nStart date\n\nEffects of ICI 182,780, an ERα and ERβ antagonist, and G-1, a GPER agonist, on autophagy in breast cancer cells\n\nFull text\nMari Luminosa Muler ; Fernanda Antunes ; Gabriel Cicolin Guarache ; Rafaela Brito Oliveira ; Rodrigo Portes Ureshino ; Claudia Bincoletto ; Gustavo José da Silva Pereira ; Soraya Soubhi Smaili\nTotal Authors: 8\nDocument type: Journal article\nSource: Einstein (São Paulo); v. 18, p. -, 2020.\n\nABSTRACT Objective To investigate if ICI 182,780 (fulvestrant), a selective estrogen receptor alpha/beta (ER&#945;/ER&#946;) antagonist, and G-1, a selective G-protein-coupled receptor (GPER) agonist, can potentially induce autophagy in breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and SKBr3, and how G-1 affects cell viability. Methods Cell viability in MCF-7 and SKBr3 cells was assessed by the MTT assay. To investigate the autophagy flux, MCF-7 cells were transfected with GFP-LC3, a marker of autophagosomes, and analyzed by real-time fluorescence microscopy. MCF-7 and SKBr3 cells were incubated with acridine orange for staining of acidic vesicular organelles and analyzed by flow cytometry as an indicator of autophagy. Results Regarding cell viability in MCF-7 cells, ICI 182,780 and rapamycin, after 48 hours, led to decreased cell proliferation whereas G-1 did not change viability over the same period. The data showed that neither ICI 182,780 nor G-1 led to increased GFP-LC3 puncta in MCF-7 cells over the 4-hour observation period. The cytometry assay showed that ICI 182,780 led to a higher number of acidic vesicular organelles in MCF-7 cells. G-1, in turn, did not have this effect in any of the cell lines. In contrast, ICI 182,780 and G-1 did not decrease cell viability of SKBr3 cells or induce formation of acidic vesicular organelles, which corresponds to the final step of the autophagy process in this cell line. Conclusion The effect of ICI 182,780 on increasing acidic vesicular organelles in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells appears to be associated with its inhibitory effect on estrogen receptors, and GPER does notseem to be involved. Understanding these mechanisms may guide further investigations of these receptors&#8217; involvement in cellular processes of breast cancer resistance. (AU)\n\nFAPESP's process: 13/20073-2 - Autophagy as a protective mechanism in senescent rats\nGrantee:Soraya Soubhi Smaili\nSupport type: Regular Research Grants\nFAPESP's process: 08/11515-3 - Mechanisms of Intracellular Calcium Signaling int the Modulation of Apoptosis and Autophagy\nGrantee:Soraya Soubhi Smaili\nSupport type: Regular Research Grants", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9684337377548218}
+{"content": "Best answer: What emperor made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire?\n\nWhat emperor made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire quizlet?\n\nIn A.D. 313, the edict of Milan granted freedom of worship to the citizens of the Roman Empire. By the end of the century, Emperor Theodosius made Christianity the official religion of Rome. In time, a church bureaucracy arose alongside that of the empire.\n\nHow did Christianity differ from the official religion of Rome quizlet?\n\nThe Roman religion was polytheistic, but Christianity was monotheistic. The Roman religion was tolerant of other religions as long as they did not upset the social order, but the Christians refused to worship other gods.\n\nWhat did Emperor Nero blame Christians for during his reign?\n\nNero himself blamed the fire on an obscure new Jewish religious sect called the Christians, whom he indiscriminately and mercilessly crucified. During gladiator matches he would feed Christians to lions, and he often lit his garden parties with the burning carcasses of Christian human torches.\n\nDid Emperor Constantine start the Catholic Church?\n\n\nWhy did Constantine make Christianity the official religion of Rome?\n\n\nTHIS IS IMPORTANT:  How can I encourage my church family?\n\nWho established the church in Rome?\n\nThe claims that the church of Rome was founded by Peter or that he served as its first bishop are in dispute and rest on evidence that is not earlier than the middle or late 2nd century. Words of John 21:18, 19 clearly refer to the death of Peter and are cast into the literary form of prophecy.\n\nWhy was Christianity made the official religion of Rome?\n\nThe persecution of Christians peaked under the rule of Emperor Diocletian (ca. 245 – 316). He wanted to revive old pagan cults and make them into a kind of state religion.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7163777947425842}
+{"content": "You asked: What is blasphemy in Christianity?\n\nWhat is an example of a blasphemy?\n\nThe definition of blasphemy is saying something concerning God that is very disrespectful. An example of blasphemy is when John Lennon said the Beatles were more popular than Jesus. The act of claiming the attributes of a deity. … That imam said that drawing the prophet Muhammad is a form of blasphemy.\n\nCan blasphemy be forgiven in Christianity?\n\n\nWhat does blaspheming against God mean?\n\n: to speak in a way that shows irreverence for God or something sacred : to utter blasphemy blaspheming against God refuses to blaspheme. transitive verb. 1 : to speak of or address with irreverence punished for having blasphemed God. 2 : revile, abuse …\n\nIs saying OMG blasphemy?\n\n\nTHIS IS IMPORTANT:  What does it say in the Bible about vengeance?\n\nWhat happens if you blaspheme God?\n\n\nDoes God forgive me for blasphemy?\n\nNew Testament passages\n\nTherefore I tell you, people will be forgiven for every sin and blasphemy, but blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven. … And everyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven; but whoever blasphemes against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven.\n\nWhat is the sin against the Holy Spirit Why is it known as the unforgivable sin quizlet?\n\nThe only unforgivable sin is the sin against the Holy Spirit. This is the deliberate refusal to accept God’s mercy through repentance, total rejection of the Lord’s forgiveness and the salvation the Holy Spirit offers to each human being.\n\nIs playing the lottery a sin?\n\nThe short answer is: yes; Christians have the freedom to play the lottery and gamble. However, just because Scripture doesn’t explicitly call something a sin doesn’t mean you shouldn’t prayerfully consider it ask seek the Lord’s opinion of it for your own life.\n\nWhat are the 3 worst sins?\n\nThese “evil thoughts” can be categorized into three types: lustful appetite (gluttony, fornication, and avarice) irascibility (wrath) corruption of the mind (vainglory, sorrow, pride, and discouragement)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.979789137840271}
+{"content": "$2.99 $3.99\n\nWicked Games by Tommy Bartholomew\n\nWhen Heath Valen receives his diagnosis his thoughts turn to his family and the life he'll leave behind. Struggling under the weight of his own mortality he meets a mysterious stranger who offers him salvation... at a cost. The Wicked Games will test his belief and his morality, and maybe even make him question sanity itself.\nBook Length:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5318616628646851}
+{"content": "The side of Daeseongjeon was crawling with people.\n\nI managed to get to the spot on the back of the temple where you can look across through the trees to Myeongnyundang.\n\nSo many people.\n\nThe most crowded spot was over here by the king's entrance. Was she famous?\n\nWhat were they lined up for?\n\nAnd that really seems like a lineup.\n\nOver by Myeongnyundang.\n\nI looked on the far side of Dongjae, which was at least more manageable.\n\nExplains why the parking lot was so full. Incidentally, the building on the left, Yurim Hall, is most likely the reason why Korea's highest-ranked Confucian site has been beaten out by smaller provincial schools for UNESCO status.\n\nCopyright Daehanmindecline 2021", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9564028382301331}
+{"content": "What is the meaning of leadership in management?\n\nWhat is the meaning of leadership in management?\n\nWhat Is Leadership? Leadership in business is the capacity of a company’s management to set and achieve challenging goals, take fast and decisive action when needed, outperform the competition, and inspire others to perform at the highest level they can.\n\nHow do CEOS define leadership?\n\n“Leadership is a combination of legitimacy, personality and management skills that make others want to follow someone’s direction.” — Pierre-André de Chalendar, CEO, Saint Gobain. “Leadership is helping people succeed, inspiring and uniting people behind a common purpose and then being accountable.” —\n\nWhat are the different definitions of leadership?\n\nThe definition of leadership is the position of guiding a group, or the ability to lead. Leadership can exist in both formal and informal groups. For example: Formal setting (such as within a large corporation) – The leader of the group is usually someone who has been appointed to a high position of authority.\n\nWhat qualities make a good leader?\n\nThe qualities of a good leader include communication, commitment and confidence with one another. A leader has to have a clear vision of what is to be achieved and the ability to motivate people to work towards achieving that purpose.\n\nWhat are the qualities of leadership?\n\nDisplaying humility in interactions with others is important in leadership. Honesty, integrity and receptiveness are examples of leadership qualities. Leadership qualities include decisiveness.\n\nWhat words describe a leader?\n\nThese are the four words that best describe the type of leader you are today. They also represent the type of person and leader you aspire to become. Some cornerstone examples include: Integrity, Gratitude, Decency, Vision and Character. The words are the core of what you stand for as a person and a leader.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9776462316513062}
+{"content": "The student will need to re-authorising the mail tile access to your emails. They can do this by going into the app and clicking the list icon at the top left of the screen to open the sidebar.  Click on their name, then Services, then look for Office 365 Mail and disconnect it, then go back to their dashboard and click the mail tile again.\n\nIt should ask them to login with their College account and accept any permissions it needs.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9510814547538757}
+{"content": "After graduating with flying colors in Zimbabwe, he chose to study at MAI because it is the best institution ever to fulfill ones dreams. He realized that only birds can fly without MAI so he never stopped dreaming and stood up for his aspirations.\n\nAt Moscow Aviation Institute, Ha Manh Thang teaches a sensory technologies course. He plans to stay in Russia for five years or more, write some manuals on teaching methods, and gain a degree of Associate Professor.\n\nJeanie van der Merwe from the Republic of South Africa who successfully graduated from Moscow Aviation Institute with Bachelor’s degree and joined the Incomar Aerospace and Defence Systems corporation.\n\nMany Russian and Chinese undergraduate and graduate students take intensive training, dreaming to join the international team that has gathered for developing a new COMAC C929 wide-body twinjet airliner.\n\n\n Offical social media accounts\n\nAsk any question", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.528739333152771}
+{"content": "Easiest Way to Make Delicious Red lentils soup\n\nRed lentils soup. Red lentils are perfect for weeknights, or whenever you're in a hurry to get a meal on the table. Due to how they're processed, de-husked, and split before packaging, they cook up quicker. Warm up with this red lentil soup recipe. ___ This hearty red lentil soup is made with simple ingredients like onions, leeks, carrots, celery, crushed canned tomatoes, and red split lentils.\n\nThis is a lentil soup that defies expectations of what lentil soup can be. It is light, spicy and a bold red color Add broth, water, red lentils (which cook faster than their green or black counterparts) and. This is the best Red Lentil Soup! You can have Red lentils soup using 8 ingredients and 6 steps. Here is how you achieve it.\n\nIngredients of Red lentils soup\n\n  1. Prepare 200 gr of Red lentils.\n  2. It’s 4 of small Chopped Tomatoes.\n  3. It’s 1 of Onion.\n  4. You need 1 tsp of dry mix broth.\n  5. Prepare 1 tbsp of Olive oil.\n  6. It’s of Salt and pepper.\n  7. You need 2 leaves of laurel.\n  8. Prepare 1 tsp of curcumin.\n\nIt's slightly spicy, creamy, and quick to prepare. Be sure to pick through your lentils carefully. I somehow always find pebbles or clots of dirt hiding in their midst. Keywords: lentil soup, middle eastern lentil soup, red lentil soup, red lentil soup recipe, turmeric Red lentils break down more than green, I am surprised this is not just intentionally a creamy soup.\n\nRed lentils soup step by step\n\n  1. Gather the ingredients and boil in a small pot water for the dry mix of broth. In a medium heat for 3 min..\n  2. Cut the onion and tomatoes..\n  3. Leave tomatoes in a side and cook the onions with a tbsp of broth and the olive oil in medium heat..\n  4. Add the tomatoes and the laurel and cook it till the tomatoes are half cooked. In medium to high heat..\n  5. Then put the lentils, the rest of broth, curcumin, salt and pepper and cook it in medium heat for 10 min. Check if they are cooked depends the kind of lentils. If need more add some broth and keep it in the heat till it's done..\n  6. When they are cooked close the heat and serve. You can add bit of dry chilli to spice up the taste. Enjoy!.\n\nThis red lentil soup recipe is both vegan and gluten-free! Instant Pot red lentil soup is a healthy vegetarian recipe packed with protein, butternut squash, and Have you taken the plunge and are a proud owner of a shiny new Instant Pot? Hearty, filling and comforting – this red lentil soup is healthy, low fat and a perfect vegetarian soup for a cold winter's evening. Moroccan Red Lentil Soup is a comforting soup recipe. The warm, rich spices of cinnamon, coriander, cumin, paprika and tumeric mix together perfectly to create a flavorful soup.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5215590596199036}
+{"content": "What is convine essay\n\nExamples of Informative Essays Informative essays must never express your opinion or try to convince others to take a certain action or stance. That role is expressly reserved for persuasive ... Essay vs. Note - What's the Difference?\n\nUse convince in a sentence | convince sentence examples Even this did not convince Mazzini of the hopelessness of such attempts, for he was out of touch with Italian public opinion, and he greatly weakened his influence by favoring a crack-brained outbreak at Milan on the 6th of February 1853, which was easily quelled, numbers of the insurgents being executed or imprisoned. Persuasive Writing Prompts & Essay Topics Convince someone who doesn't like reading why they should read. Take two books or movies you don't particularly like and convince someone that one of them is better. Take two books or movies you like very much and convince someone that one of them is worse. Which is better for getting around your hometown: buses or cars? Convince someone. FAITH AND DOUBT - RIT - People Faith and doubt are often not so much consciously adopted philosophies of knowledge, as states of conviction and experience of which the human mind is capable. In this essay I propose to discuss their role and relevance in science and religion, as also their respective strengths, weaknesses, and consequences. Problem solving Essay Example - Free Essays, Term Papers\n\nThis heated styling comb is similar to an electric pressing comb – but will not burn your skin. The toolâ€s double-sided combs act as a barrier between the skin and the heating element.\n\nMaster the art of persuasion with our list of top 40 persuasive essay topics. A persuasive essay is designed to convince people to accept a given thesis as true. The thesis could relate to a wide range of different philosophical or political issues. How to Convince Employers You're The One (When You're Not ... You never forget your first. I still remember my very first phone interview with laser-vivid clarity. I was sitting at my parents' kitchen table, fingers twirling through an actual phone cord (how retro!), trying to persuade a woman I'd never met that I was The One To Hire. The Importance Of Teamwork And Leadership Management Essay\n\nWhat type of information would I need to use in order to convince someone that I'm right? What facts, statistics, and evidence would an audience want to see? Are there any experts on this topic that I could quote in my essay? The answers to these questions should help you determine what key words you'll want to use, as you begin searching for ...\n\nPersuasive Essay Writing Made Easy - Follow the simple tips below for persuasive essay writing made easy. The persuasive essay can be compared to a sales pitch, except it is not selling a product - it is selling a point of view. Essay on Cricket for Children and Students Most importantly, it is a very common topic which students generally get as a topic to write essay in the essay writing competition. So help your kids and children in getting participated in the essay writing competition or other type of competition like debate, group discussion, etc using such simple and easy written essay on cricket. Persuasive Essay About Smoking | Cram This essay will focus on the evidence in three of most important areas, its impact on helping with smoking cessation, health benefit for smokers, and potential health implications for nonsmokers. As a solution for smoking cessation The first concern is, whether or not e-cigarettes\n\nTop 10 Tips for College Admissions Essays - International Student\n\nA: A profile essay is a type of writing that describes an idea, person or place. Profile or expository essays are a type of academic writing. Online Essay Writing Service - EssayBasics - The Most Trustworthy Essay Writing Service on the Internet Nowadays, news spreads fast thanks to the advancement in technology. Many students today know that the most efficient and effective way to handle their essay writing assignments is by getting help from essay writing services. If You Teach or Write 5-Paragraph Essays-Stop It! | The White ...\n\nEssay on Cricket for Children and Students\n\nUse convince in a sentence | convince sentence examples\n\nArgumentative Essay: Examples With Full How To Write Guide", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8107768893241882}
+{"content": "who would be the emperor of china today\n\n\nWho is the rightful emperor of China?\n\nJin Yuzhang\nJin Yuzhang (Chinese: 金毓嶂, born 3 May 1942) is a Chinese civil servant, politician and former nobleman. He is the current head of the House of Aisin-Gioro, China’s former ruling house. His father was Manchu nobleman Jin Youzhi, and he is a nephew of Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing dynasty of China.\n\nDoes the Chinese royal family still exist?\n\n\nDoes China have an emperor today?\n\nThe last of the Manchu emperors received a formal pardon on December 4th, 1959. Pu Yi wearing Mǎnzhōuguó uniform (1932-1945).\n\nWho was last Chinese emperor?\n\nOn February 12, 1912, Hsian-T’ung, the last emperor of China, is forced to abdicate following Sun Yat-sen’s republican revolution. A provisional government was established in his place, ending 267 years of Manchu rule in China and 2,000 years of imperial rule.\n\nHow did Qing overthrow Ming?\n\nThe Qing takeover was done by the multi-ethnic Han Banners, Mongol Banners, and Manchu Banners which made up the Qing military. In 1644, the Ming was invaded by an army that had only a fraction of Manchus, the invading army was multi-ethnic, with Han Banners, Mongols Banners, and Manchu Banners.\n\nSee also  why is climate important for classifying biomes\n\nWhat happened last Chinese emperor?\n\nWith the fall of Japan (and thus Manchukuo) in 1945, Puyi fled the capital and was eventually captured by the USSR; he was extradited to the People’s Republic of China after it was established in 1949. … He died in 1967 and was ultimately buried near the Western Qing tombs in a commercial cemetery.\n\nHow many wives can a Chinese emperor have?\n\n(Concubines or consorts were both considered secondary wives, not to be confused with courtesans, who were highly cultured prostitutes.) Emperors had access to upwards of 10,000 consorts, says Swope.\n\nWhere is the last emperor of China buried?\n\n\nAre there Emperors today?\n\nEmperors are generally recognized to be of the highest monarchic honour and rank, surpassing kings. … The Emperor of Japan is the only currently reigning monarch whose title is translated into English as “Emperor”, although he holds no actual political power, nor is Japan an empire.\n\nWhat is China’s official name?\n\nPeople’s Republic of China\nFormal Name: People’s Republic of China (Zhonghua Renmin Gonghe Guo — 中华人民共和国 ). Short Form: China (Zhongguo — 中国 ).\n\nIs the last emperor of China still alive?\n\nDeceased (1906–1967)\n\nWhat happened to Pu Yi wife?\n\nWanrong (婉容; 13 November 1906 – 20 June 1946), also known as Xuantong Empress of the Manchu Plain White Banner Gobulo clan, was the wife and empress consort of Puyi, the last Emperor of China. She died in prison in June 1946 and her remains were never found. …\n\nWho ruled China after the Qing dynasty?\n\nthe Republic of China\nIt was established in 1636, and ruled China proper from 1644 to 1912, with a brief restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China. The multiethnic Qing empire lasted for almost three centuries and assembled the territorial base for modern China.\n\nWhen was China the most powerful?\n\nPuyi was the last emperor in Chinese history. He ruled as the last emperor of Qing Dynasty from 1908 to 1912. Both Han and Tang Dynasty are considered as the most powerful dynasty in Chinese history.\n\nWhat Qing emperor refused trade with the British?\n\nMacartney’s delegation met with the Qianlong Emperor, who rejected all of the British requests.\n\nSee also  why school should not be year round\n\nDoes China still have a one child policy?\n\nThe policy was modified beginning in the mid-1980s to allow rural parents a second child if the first was a daughter. It also allowed exceptions for some other groups, including ethnic minorities. In 2015, the government replaced the policy with a two-child limit, and in 2021, the limit was removed.\n\nWho was the last emperor to live in the Forbidden City?\n\nPuyi continued to live a quiet life in the Forbidden City for many years. In 1924, everything changed when the Republic of China formally took away his title as emperor. They also forced him to leave the Forbidden City.\n\nIs The Last Emperor on Netflix?\n\nWatch The Last Emperor | Netflix.\n\nWho is Qin Shi Huang’s wife?\n\nQueen Dowager Zhao\n280–228 BC) was the wife of King Zhuangxiang of Qin and the mother of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China.\nQueen Dowager Zhao\nSpouse King Zhuangxiang of Qin\nIssue Qin Shi Huang\n\nWhen did China stop having concubines?\n\nIn 1949, the Communists banned the practice, seeing it as a sign of bourgeois decadence, but now, after two decades of market economy, concubines have returned – the “ernai”, meaning “second wife”.\n\nWhich Chinese emperor had the most concubines?\n\nYing Zheng also known Qin Shi Huang had numerous concubines. The Qin Dynasty, he founded (pronounced ‘Chin’) changed its name to China and it was he who first initiated the building of the Great Wall and construction of the Grand Canal.\n\nIs The Last Emperor a true story?\n\nThe Last Emperor was based on Puyi’s autobiography, From Emperor to Citizen (published in English in 1964–65). It was the first feature film permitted to be filmed inside the Forbidden City.\n\nWhy did Puyi become emperor?\n\nPuyi was the youngest emperor at only 2.\n\nThe reason Puyi was chosen by Cixi was that it would be easy for her to continue to rule China (behind the screens), as he was just a toddler. She never thought that she’d die the day before Puyi’s enthronement.\n\nWhen was China’s last emperor?\n\nPuyi, Wade-Giles romanization P’u-i, also called Henry Puyi, reign name Xuantong, (born February 7, 1906, Beijing, China—died October 17, 1967, Beijing), last emperor (1908–1911/12) of the Qing (Manchu) dynasty (1644–1911/12) in China and puppet emperor of the Japanese-controlled state of Manchukuo (Chinese: Manzhouguo …\n\nAre there any empresses today?\n\nThe current empress consort is Empress Masako, who ascended the throne with her husband on 1 May 2019.\n\nIs an empress higher than a queen?\n\nIn terms of political power, yes, an empress is more powerful than a queen. While a queen has rule over a kingdom or territory, an empress has…\n\nIs Korea Chinese or Japanese?\n\nKorea is a region in East Asia. … Korea consists of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and several minor islands near the peninsula. It is bordered by China to the northwest and Russia to the northeast. It is separated from Japan to the east by the Korea Strait and the Sea of Japan (East Sea).\n\nSee also  when economists refer to \"investment,\" they are describing a situation where\n\nHow many countries are under China?\n\nChina is divided into 23 provinces, 22 of which are controlled by the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The 23rd province, Taiwan, is claimed by the PRC, but it is not administered or controlled by the PRC, and is thus a de facto independent country.\n\nWhat do Chinese people call China?\n\nIt is also thought that the ultimate source of the name China is the Chinese word “Qin” (Chinese: 秦), the name of the dynasty that unified China but also existed as a state for many centuries prior.\n\nNames of China.\nTraditional Chinese 中國\nSimplified Chinese 中国\nHanyu Pinyin Zhōngguó\nLiteral meaning Middle or Central State\n\nDoes China have a president?\n\nPresident. The President of the People’s Republic of China is the head of state. Under the PRC’s constitution, the presidency is a largely ceremonial office with limited powers. … The current president is Xi Jinping, who took office in March 2013.\n\nHow old was the last emperor of China when he died?\n\n61 years (1906–1967)\n\nWhy did the Empress eat flowers in the Last Emperor?\n\nSidelined, the empress is so bored that she is reduced to eating the floral displays at her husband’s coronation as emperor of Manchukuo, before moving on to the more diverting pastimes of opium addiction (true) and recreational lesbianism (extremely speculative).\n\nDoes Puyi have son?\n\n\nDid the British rule China?\n\nAlthough British imperialism never politically took hold in mainland China, as it did in India or Africa, its cultural and political legacy is still evident today. Honk Kong remains a significant center of global finance and its government still functioned in much of the same ways as it did under British colonialism.\n\nWhat Happened to the Last Emperor of China? (Short Animated Documentary)\n\nPuyi: The Last Emperor of China\n\nChinese Emperors Family Tree | Qin Dynasty to Qing Dynasty (221 BCE – 1912 CE)\n\nExclusive video of Emperor Puyi’s Testimoy At The Tokyo Trials\n\nRelated Searches\n\nwho is the emperor of china 2021\nchinese nobility today\ndoes china have an emperor 2021\nking of china 2020\nchinese royal family 2021\njin yuzhang emperor\njin yuzhang net worth\njin yuzhang son\n\nSee more articles in category: FAQ\nBack to top button", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9707586765289307}
+{"content": "The Words That Made Us\n\nde Akhil Reed Amar (Autor)\nPréstamos ilimitados, 2 años, Uno a la vez\n\nA history of the American Constitution's formative decades from a preeminent legal scholar\n\nWhen the US Constitution won popular approval in 1788, it was the culmination of thirty years of passionate argument over the nature of government. But ratification hardly ended the conversation. For the next half century, ordinary Americans and statesmen alike continued to wrestle with weighty questions in the halls of government and in the pages of newspapers. Should the nation's borders be expanded? Should America allow slavery to spread westward? What rights should Indian nations hold? What was the proper role of the judicial branch?\n\nIn The Words that Made Us, Akhil Reed Amar unites history and law in a vivid narrative of the biggest constitutional questions early Americans confronted, and he expertly assesses the answers they offered. His account of the document's origins and consolidation is a guide for anyone seeking to properly understand America's Constitution today.\n\nFecha de publicación\n4 de mayo de 2021\nISBN papel\nTamaño del archivo\n10 MB", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9884713888168335}
+{"content": "Tag: leading lines photography\n\nDavid Hamilton: ‘The world’s first fully automated photo-processing engine’\n\nDavid Hamiltons photography has been credited with revolutionizing the photography industry by allowing him to capture the real-time, high-quality images he had to work with.\n\nNow the legendary photographer is one of the founding members of an AI company called Photosmart, which is working to help the world better understand how images are created and edited.\n\nHamilton’s company, which has more than 100 employees, has built an AI system that is able to automatically process and save images.\n\nIt is now working with some of the world’s top photographers to train it to recognize and analyze their images, as well as other images to improve the quality and accuracy of images.\n\nBut it is the machine learning, which it uses to help create photos that will really be transformative for the photography world, said Hamilton, who has been called the father of photography.\n\n“I believe that the whole field of photography is going to change dramatically in the next few years,” he said.\n\n“The world is now going to have to start learning how to take photos, or else we’re going to see the end of the film industry.”\n\nHamilton, a self-described “art enthusiast” who moved to Canada from England in 1963, had a career in the film business before entering photography full-time.\n\nHis first film, “The Big Empty,” was released in 1966.\n\nIt’s now been over 30 years since he first started photographing, and the world has become a far more connected place with the introduction of cameras, smartphones, social media and video conferencing.\n\n“It’s an entirely new field,” Hamiltonia said.\n\n“We are the first fully-automated, fully-digital camera and we’re the first to have a machine learning system.”\n\nWe can do everything in photography, except take photos.\n\nThe only thing you need is a camera and the only thing we need is the technology.\n\n“Hamiltons image processing software is able find, classify and analyze thousands of images a day.\n\nIt has a built-in search engine that is capable of quickly finding, categorizing and searching images, Hamiltont said.\n\nIt also has an extensive collection of more than 50,000 images, all from Hamiltoni’s own collection.\n\nThe software is trained to recognize a wide variety of images and classify them into the most suitable categories.\n\nThe software is also able to identify the exact locations of images that are important to Hamiltonto’s work, such as his photographs of the Great Depression in New York.”\n\nEvery photograph is important,” he told ABC News.”\n\nWhen I look at a photograph, it’s important to me that I understand how I got it, what I photographed, and I need to understand the context and context of that particular photograph.\n\n“He said his goal is to develop a software system that can help people better understand and create art, without the need for an expensive digital camera.\n\nHamiltont’s company is currently working on developing a machine-learning system that could be used in the field of visual art.\n\nHamitons software can learn to recognize artistic style, whether it is classical, modern, abstract, contemporary, and more.\n\nThe company is also working to develop an image recognition system that would help the public understand what an artist is doing with their images.\n\nHamietons technology can be used to create a database of images from artists and to understand how artists use them to express their creativity, he said.”\n\nIf you want to make art, you need a picture.\n\nThat’s the only way.\n\nIf you want art to be a way of life, you want it to be an expression of your life.\n\nIf it’s not a picture, it can’t be art.\n\nSponsored Content\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9994515776634216}
+{"content": "Shared Content Block:\nNews feed -- crop images to square\n\nWhat Is Ovarian Cancer?\n\nOvarian cancer broadly refers to cancer that starts in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or, less commonly, the lining of the abdominal cavity, called the peritoneum. The ovaries are glands in females that produce eggs for reproduction. During reproduction, eggs travel from the ovaries through the fallopian tubes and into the uterus, where a fertilized egg can settle to develop into a fetus. The ovaries are also the primary source of the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. Most women have two ovaries, one on either side of the uterus.  \n\nOften, ovarian cancer can go undetected until it starts to spread beyond the ovary and further into the abdomen and pelvis. At that point, the cancer is referred to as late-stage ovarian cancer and is generally more difficult to treat. Early-stage ovarian cancer describes disease that is confined to the ovary and is typically easier to treat and often has a better prognosis.\n\nAccording to the American Cancer Society, there will be about 21,410 new cases and 13,770 deaths from ovarian cancer in 2021 in the United States. In Colorado, it is estimated that 320 people will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer and 180 will die from the disease.\n\nOvarian Cancer Prognosis and Survival Rates\n\nOvarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women in the U.S. The risk of a woman getting ovarian cancer during her lifetime is around one in 78, while the lifetime odds of a woman dying from ovarian cancer are around one in 108. \n\nOvarian cancer develops primarily in older women. More than half of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are 63 or older. Ovarian cancer is more common in white women than Hispanic, Asian/Pacific-Islander, African American, or American Indian/Alaska Native women.\n\nThe rates of ovarian cancer diagnoses have been falling slowly over the past two decades.\n\nThe five-year survival rate for ovarian cancer — the percentage of people who live at least five years after the disease is found —varies by the specific type of ovarian cancer and the stage at which it is discovered. It ranges from 18% for invasive epithelial ovarian cancer that has spread to distant parts of the body, such as the liver or lungs, to 98% for ovarian stromal tumors and germ cell tumors of the ovary that are discovered and treated before they can spread. \n\nOf all ovarian cancers, 90% to 95% fall within the category of “epithelial” ovarian carcinomas, which include the serous, mucinous, endometrioid, and clear cell subtypes, as well as borderline tumors of low malignant potential. The remaining 5% to 10% are germ cell and sex cord stromal tumors, which arise from the specialized gonadal stroma surrounding the oocytes, such as the granulosa, theca, Sertoli, and Leydig cells, and are more commonly seen in younger women. Of the epithelial carcinomas, 75% are serous.\n\nUntil recently, fallopian tube and peritoneal carcinomas were thought to be phenotypically related, but clinically distinct from ovarian cancer and were considered relatively rare. However, recent data suggest that most epithelial ovarian cancers originate in the fallopian tube, and given their similar behavior, these three are often treated as a single entity. \n\nWhy Come to CU Cancer Center for Ovarian Cancer\n\nAs the only National Cancer Institute Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center in Colorado and one of only four in the Rocky Mountain region, the University of Colorado Cancer Center has doctors who provide cutting-edge, patient-centered ovarian cancer care, as well as researchers who are dedicated to finding cutting-edge diagnostic and treatment modalities. \n\nThe Women’s Cancer Developmental Therapeutics Program (WCDTP) at the CU Cancer Center seeks to increase the development of novel cancer therapies in ovarian cancer and other gynecologic cancers with the goal of decreasing cancer-related morbidity and mortality for patients. Additionally, the WCTD seeks to increase access to phase I and II clinical trials of novel cancer therapies for patients with gynecologic and breast cancers.\n\nThere are numerous clinical trials ongoing at the CU Cancer Center at any one time, including trials that enroll ovarian cancer patients. These trials offer patients other options besides traditional ovarian cancer treatment. \n\n→ CU Researchers Come Together to Better Understand Ovarian Cancer Tumors and Treatment Outcomes\n\nTypes of Ovarian Cancer\n\nDifferent types of cells in the ovaries can become cancerous, and the type of cell affected determines the type of ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer type can be determined by looking at the cells under a microscope. Doctors use this information to understand and make predictions about the anticipated rate of growth and pattern of tumor spread, and to determine which treatments may work best.\n\nThere are three main types of ovarian cancer, named for the cells in which the tumors originate.\n\n  • Epithelial tumors start in the cells covering the outer surface of the ovary. Most ovarian tumors are epithelial cell tumors.\n  • Germ cell tumors start in the cells that produce eggs. Less than 2% of ovarian tumors are germ cell tumors. \n  • Stromal tumors start in the structural connective tissue cells that hold the ovary together and produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Stromal tumors are rare and occur mostly in younger women.\n\nRisk Factors for Ovarian Cancer \n\nOvarian cancer has multiple risk factors, or behaviors or conditions that increase a person’s chances of getting the disease. Risk factors for ovarian cancer include:\n\n  • Age: Ovarian cancer can occur at any age, but it is most common in women ages 50 to 60.\n  • Inherited gene mutations: A small number of ovarian cancers are caused by gene mutations, which are inherited from your parents. Genes known to increase ovarian cancer risk are breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer gene 2 (BRCA2). These genes also increase the risk of breast cancer. Other gene mutations, including mutations associated with Lynch syndrome, can also increase the risk of ovarian cancer.\n  • Family history of ovarian cancer: Women with two or more close relatives with a history of ovarian cancer are at increased risk for the disease.\n  • Estrogen hormone replacement therapy: This is especially true for those with long-term use, or those who have received hormonal therapy at large doses.\n  • Age when menstruation started and ended: Women who started menstruating at an early age or started menopause at a later age — or both — may be at increased risk for ovarian cancer.\n\nSymptoms of Ovarian Cancer\n\nOvarian cancers can usually be treated successfully if they are diagnosed before the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Patients with early-stage ovarian cancer may not experience symptoms, but those with later stages of the disease often do. \n\nSymptoms of ovarian cancer include:\n\n  • Abdominal swelling or bloating.\n  • Feeling full quickly when eating or trouble eating.\n  • Weight loss.\n  • Pain in the stomach or pelvic area.\n  • Constipation or other changes in bowel habits.\n  • A frequent or urgent need to urinate.\n\nScreening for Ovarian Cancer \n\nScreening is used to look for cancer before a person shows any symptoms of the disease. No screening regimen has been found to be effective for ovarian cancer, but it can sometimes be detected during a regular pelvic exam. If a patient has symptoms, doctors can perform tests that help detect the presence of tumors. \n\n→ Donors Supporting the CU Cancer Center are Building Towards Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer\n\nDiagnosing Ovarian Cancer\n\nBased on a patient’s symptoms and after an initial physical examination, a doctor may order certain tests to determine whether a patient has ovarian cancer. Though testing procedures can vary based on the type of ovarian cancer the doctor is looking for, common tests for ovarian cancer include: \n\nLaparoscopy: In this procedure, a doctor inserts a thin, tubular camera through a small incision in the abdomen to view the ovaries and other pelvic organs and tissues. Once inside the abdomen, the camera transmits images to a video monitor, which allows the surgeon to perform biopsies and other necessary procedures.  \n\nColonoscopy: Used to examine the inside of the large intestine (colon), colonoscopies are conducted with a small, flexible, lighted tube that has a small video camera attached to the end. The tube is inserted through the anus and into the rectum and colon, usually under light sedation or anesthesia. Any abnormal areas can be biopsied during the screening.\n\nImaging tests: Different imaging procedures can provide information about the extent of ovarian cancer in the body and reveal the presence of infections or other problems. The following imaging tests may be used to help formulate a blood cancer diagnosis:\n\n  • Ultrasounds\n  • Computed tomography (CT) scans\n  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans\n  • Barium enema X-ray\n\nBiopsy: During a biopsy, a doctor extracts a sample (or multiple samples) of tissue from a suspected tumor site. These are sent to a laboratory for analysis by a pathologist to determine whether the cells in the sample are cancerous or precancerous. There are different kinds of biopsies, and the type of biopsy a patient has is determined by several factors, including the size and location of the tumor, the number of tumors, and the type of cancer suspected. Importantly, not all ovarian cancers can be biopsied before surgery, as this can risk causing tumor spread. \n\nStages of Ovarian Cancer \n\nAfter diagnosing the presence of ovarian cancer, the doctor will determine what steps are necessary to identify the stage of the disease and what treatment is necessary based on that information. Disease stage is determined by several factors, including where exactly the disease formed, how extensive it is, and whether and how much it has spread. Staging for ovarian cancer can be achieved by taking tissue samples for diagnosis and, more often, by doing surgery to remove affected areas.  \n\nDoctors typically use the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics’ FIGO system and the American Joint Committee on Cancer’s TNM system to determine the stage of ovarian cancer. The TNM system assesses the size and extent of the tumor (T); the involvement of nearby lymph nodes (N); and the presence and extent of spread, or metastasis (M), to other areas of the body, including the lungs, liver, and bones. \n\nAfter TNM assessment, the doctor will assign an overall stage number from I to IV. These can be broken down further based on the size of the original tumor and the extent to which the cancer has spread. In general, the lower the stage, the better the prognosis and treatment options.\n\nStage I: The cancer is located only in one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes and has not spread to nearby lymph nodes, or to distant sites.\n\nStage IA: The cancer is in one ovary and/or fallopian tube, and the tumor is confined to the inside of the ovary or tube. There is no cancer on the outer surfaces, and no cancer cells are found in the peritoneal fluid (ascites), or washings from the abdomen and pelvis. The disease has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant sites.\n\nStage IB: The cancer is in both ovaries, or both fallopian tubes, but not on their outer surfaces. No cancer cells are found in the peritoneal fluid (ascites), or washings from the abdomen and pelvis. It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant sites.\n\nStage IC: The cancer is in one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, and any of the following are present:\n\n  • Stage IC1: The tissue (capsule) surrounding the tumor tore or ruptured during surgery, potentially allowing cancer cells to leak into the abdomen and pelvis (also known as surgical spill). \n  • Stage IC2: Cancer is on the outer surface of at least one of the ovaries or fallopian tubes, or the capsule (tissue surrounding the tumor) ruptured before surgery, allowing cancer cells to spill into the abdomen and pelvis. \n  • Stage IC3: Cancer cells are found in the fluid (ascites) or washings from the abdomen and pelvis.  \n\nIn all IC cases, the cancer has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant sites.\n\nStage II: The cancer involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes and has spread to other organs within the pelvis (such as the uterus, bladder, the sigmoid colon, or the rectum), or there is primary peritoneal cancer. It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant sites. \n\nStage IIA: The cancer has spread to or invaded the uterus or the fallopian tubes or the ovaries. It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant sites.\n\nStage IIB: The cancer is on the outer surface of, or has grown into, nearby pelvic organs such as the bladder, the sigmoid colon, or the rectum. It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant sites. \n\nStage III: The tumor(s) involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, or there is primary peritoneal cancer, with tumor outside of the pelvis and/or within the retroperitoneal lymph nodes.\n\nStage IIIA1: The cancer is in one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, or there is primary peritoneal cancer that may have spread or grown into nearby organs in the pelvis. It has spread to the retroperitoneal (pelvic and/or para-aortic) lymph nodes only. It has not spread to distant sites.\n\nStage IIIA2: The cancer is in one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, or there is primary peritoneal cancer that has spread or grown into organs outside of the pelvis. During surgery, no cancer is visible in the abdomen (outside of the pelvis) to the naked eye, but tiny deposits of cancer are found in the lining of the abdomen and pelvis when it is examined under the microscope. The cancer may or may not have spread to retroperitoneal lymph nodes.\n\nStage IIIB: There is cancer in one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, or there is primary peritoneal cancer that has spread or grown into organs outside the pelvis. The deposits of cancer are large enough for the surgeon to see with the naked eye, but are no bigger than 2 centimeters in size. The cancer may or may not have spread to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes.\n\nStage IIIC: The cancer is in one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, or there is primary peritoneal cancer that has spread or grown into organs outside the pelvis. The deposits of cancer are larger than 2 centimeters across and may involve the surface of the liver or spleen. It may or may not have spread to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, but it has not spread to the inside of the liver or spleen, or to distant sites.\n\nStage IV: Cancer cells are found beyond the abdomen/pelvis and in other parts of the body.\n\nStage IVA: Cancer cells are found in the fluid around the lungs (called a malignant pleural effusion) with no other areas of cancer spread such as the liver, spleen, intestine, or lymph nodes outside of the abdomen. \n\nStage IVB: The cancer has spread to the inside of the spleen or liver, to lymph nodes other than the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, and/or to other organs or tissues outside of the peritoneal cavity such as the lungs and bones. \n\nTreatments for Ovarian Cancer\n\nThe treatment for ovarian cancer is customized to each patient and depends on the size and location of the tumor(s), the stage at which the patient is diagnosed, and the patient’s general health. Ovarian cancer care teams may include multiple health care specialists, including primary care providers, medical oncologists, gynecologic oncologists, and radiation oncologists, as well as nurse practitioners, physician assistants, nurses, psychologists, social workers, and rehabilitation specialists. CU Cancer Center doctors offer specialized care for patients with ovarian cancer. \n\nTreatments for ovarian cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted drug therapy. Patients may receive one or more of these treatments in combination. Some patients may also be eligible to participate in clinical trials — doctor-led research studies of new or experimental procedures or treatments.\n\nSurgery for Ovarian Cancer\n\nSurgery is one of the primary treatments for ovarian cancer. There are two goals for surgery in the setting ovarian cancer: staging the disease — determining the extent of tumor (whether and how far it has spread) — and debulking, or removing as much of the tumor as possible. The latter in particular is extremely important for long-term treatment success.  \n\nRadiation Therapy for Ovarian Cancer\n\nRadiation therapy uses high-powered energy to kill cancer cells. A doctor who specializes in radiation therapy to treat cancer is called a radiation oncologist. The main type of radiation therapy used to treat ovarian cancer is external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT), which uses a machine located outside the body to focus a beam of X-rays on the area affected by cancer and kill the tumor cells. \n\nChemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer\n\nChemotherapy uses drugs to kill rapidly growing cancer cells. Drugs are either injected into a vein (intravenously, or IV) or taken orally (PO). A typical chemotherapy course for ovarian cancer involves three to six cycles of treatment, usually with a combination of two kinds of drugs that are taken together.\n\nHormonal Therapy for Ovarian Cancer\n\nUsed most often to treat ovarian stromal tumors, hormonal therapy uses hormones or hormone-blocking drugs to fight cancer. Hormone therapies for stromal tumors include:\n\n  • Luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists, which turn off estrogen production by the ovaries.\n  • Tamoxifen, a drug that stops estrogen from stimulating cancer cell growth.\n  • Aromatase inhibitors, which can help lower estrogen levels in women after menopause and limit the role of estrogen in stimulating tumor growth. \n\nTargeted Drug Therapy for Ovarian Cancer\n\nTargeted therapies focus on the specific genes, proteins, or tissue environments that contribute to ovarian cancer, limiting damage to non-cancerous cells and tissues.  \n\nThe most common targeted drug therapies for ovarian cancer include:\n\n  • Bevacizumab: When cancers grow and spread, they have to create new blood vessels to ensure adequate blood supply. Bevacizumab (Avastin) stops this process by attaching to a protein called VEGF, which typically signals new blood vessels to form. This can slow or stop cancer growth. \n  • PARP inhibitors: Enzymes known as PARP (poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase) enzymes help to repair damaged DNA within cells. Tumor cells are rapidly dividing and thus at high risk of damaging their DNA. By inhibiting the DNA repair process, these drugs, including agents such as olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib, make it harder for tumor cells to replicate, which can in turn lead to the death of those cancer cells.\n\nThe University of Colorado (CU) Cancer Center partners with UCHealth, Children’s Hospital Colorado, and Rocky Mountain Regional VA to provide clinical care. Please make an appointment with one of our clinical partners to be seen by a CU Cancer Center doctor.\n\n\nUCHealth Cancer Care - Anschutz Medical Campus\n1665 Aurora Court Anschutz Cancer Pavilion\nAurora, CO 80045\n\nUCHealth Cherry Creek Medical Center\n100 Cook Street\nDenver, CO 80206\n\nUCHealth Cancer Center - Highlands Ranch\n1500 Park Central Drive\nHighlands Ranch, CO 80129\n\nUCHealth Lone Tree Medical Center\n9548 Park Meadows Drive\nLone Tree, CO 80124\n\nChildren's Hospital Colorado:\n13123 East 16th Avenue\nAurora, CO 80045\n\nRocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center:\n1700 North Wheeling Street\nAurora, CO 80045-7211\n\n\nLatest in Ovarian Cancer from the CU Cancer Center\n\nLoading items....\nInformation reviewed by Bradley Corr, MD, in October 2021.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5854380130767822}
+{"content": "How can I run two operating systems at the same time?\n\nCan you have two operating systems running at the same time?\n\nWhile most PCs have a single operating system (OS) built-in, it’s also possible to run two operating systems on one computer at the same time. The process is known as dual-booting, and it allows users to switch between operating systems depending on the tasks and programs they’re working with.\n\nHow do I run two Windows operating systems?\n\nYou can have two (or more) versions of Windows installed side-by-side on the same PC and choose between them at boot time. Typically, you should install the newer operating system last. For example, if you want to dual-boot Windows 7 and 10, install Windows 7 and then install Windows 10 second.\n\nWhich of the following can run multiple operating system at the same time?\n\nVirtualization software — programs that allow you to run multiple operating systems simultaneously on a single computer — allows you to do just that. Using virtualization software, you can run multiple operating systems on one physical machine.\n\nTHIS IS IMPORTANT:  Question: How do I run Unix commands on Windows 10?\n\nHow can I run Linux and Windows at the same time?\n\nTo run Windows and GNU/Linux on the same computer (permanently), you have two basic options: Install the two OSes in “dual-boot” mode, i.e. in two different parts of the disk and run them alternatively, by choosing one of them from a menu, when the computer starts.\n\nDoes dual boot slow down laptop?\n\nEssentially, dual booting will slow down your computer or laptop. While a Linux OS may use the hardware more efficiently overall, as the secondary OS it is at a disadvantage.\n\nCan you have windows on two drives?\n\nNo, it won’t harm anything. However, it will be a waste of space. I would recommend choosing 1 to be your boot drive and just using that. You can even combine two physical drives into one logical drive, although I wouldn’t recommend that :p.\n\nHow many OS can be installed in a PC?\n\n\nHow do I install a second operating system on my second hard drive?\n\nHow to Dual Boot With Two Hard Drives\n\n  1. Shut down the computer and restart it. …\n  2. Click the “Install” or “Setup” button in the setup screen for the second operating system. …\n  3. Follow the remaining prompts to create additional partitions on the secondary drive if needed and format the drive with the needed file system.\nTHIS IS IMPORTANT:  What skills do I need to be a system administrator?\n\nWhich computer can support multiple operating system?\n\nModern organizations often use multiple operating systems to support different systems and computing needs, most commonly including Microsoft Windows, various versions of Unix or Linux, and vendor- and platform-specific alternatives such as z/OS for IBM mainframe computers.\n\nWhy do we need multiple operating systems?\n\nMULTOS (which stands for “Multiple Operating System”) is an operating system that allows multiple application program s to be installed and to reside separately and securely on a smart card . Each program is isolated by the operating system so that no application can interfere with another one.\n\nIs Windows 10 better than Linux?\n\n\nCan Windows and Ubuntu run at the same time?\n\nThe short answer is, yes you can run both Windows and Ubuntu at the same time.\n\nDoes Linux run faster than Windows?\n\nLinux and Windows Performance Comparison\n\n\nOperating system reviews", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6185644865036011}
+{"content": "Menu Close\n\nBeing Prepared For Self Improvement\n\nPersonal development can be a procedure through which people today learn how to receive and apply new talents and skills for their individual progress and for the development of other individuals. Personal growth showcases numerous things to do which feature self applied-mastery, personal-attention, particular assertiveness, empathy, improvement, interaction and direction and interpersonal expertise. Personal growth is an on-going course of action and involves home-research and discovery of one’s individual self applied-graphic, principles, beliefs, capabilities and features. These may change your mindset on the way to life on the whole which enable it to make individuals far more effective and effective.\n\nPersonal development entails numerous exercises and desires individuals to function on on their own a nonstop foundation. Also improving on models pre-existing skills and increasing one’s skills, whilst it’s therefore not only about attaining potentially profitable new skills. Personal growth usually will involve things to do that develop a persons prospective and capacities, assemble people money, improve employability, aid the belief of non-public goals and ambitions, while increasing standard of living. Personal growth can happen in a persons life-time. It’s an continuous method and it’s influenced by particular talents, valuations, philosophy, ability and abilities, in addition to environment aspects.\n\nThe four simple the different parts of a personal improvement approach are: (a) A goal or res that talks about the man or woman really wants to reach, (h) resources that are required to undertake the aim or decision, (chemical) plans to support the target or res, and (deborah) a process for supervising and calibrating success towards objective or decision. Having a goal or decision is extremely important. Methods are just as critical, having said that. Individuals want to know how to acquire the means that should carry out their self improvement exercises. These means may appear from the inside, maybe a paycheck increase, a offer option, and other outside resources. Or they are often stripped away from external, such as borrowing dollars, getting a company scholarhip, or signing up for a corporation that can offer education in your area during which one particular hopes to develop.\n\nMaking on both these simple aspects, there are many of personal advancement expertise and competencies that men and women may choose to grow. Folks can make to build up personal development abilities in certain locations or the many areas that they can desire to enhance. They might want to grow their connection knowledge, their social abilities, their natural physical fitness, their economic health insurance and perfectly-getting, their self-regard and self applied-self esteem, their understanding and improvement skills, or their firm competencies. Several people do not notice the level to which their challenge conducts or ailments interfere with power they have to live an optimal daily life. They do not see the impression that unfavorable thinking and tendencies have on their nicely-overall health, being and pleasure and achievements.\n\nPeople who have personal growth targets generally want to buy it in improving upon their everyday life as well as their conditions in some way. Due to this, most of them want in learning about personal growth knowledge. They don’t mind spending time in understanding how to better their home-confidence plus mastering strategies to are more successful and productive within their professional and personal connections. It’s not at all strange for professionals who have self improvement competencies to develop command knowledge likewise. Oftentimes, folks who suffer from a robust a sense do it yourself-really worth and with higher home-self-esteem also want in using desired goals that will enhance these ideals even more.\n\nSeveral professionals who have self improvement goals in addition enthusiastic affinity for learning on the way to are living a full existence. One example is, if people desires to boost their occupation goals, they should initial established sensible and achievable targets. This involves the fact that individual to view their current revenue and pay degree, foreseeable future revenue degrees, the relevant skills that will be essential to get hold of these postures, along with the time needed to acquire the competencies needed. When these objectives have been motivated, the average person should also fixed cement and quantifiable aims that will help them attain their complete possible inside their chosen industry.\n\nIn combination with getting yourself ready for a brand new or various profession by setting reasonable goals, people who are thinking about self improvement also needs to contemplate their regular habits and workouts. Put simply, they need to be committed to creating optimistic adjustments to their lifestyle to achieve private growth. Some people are sold on obtaining healthy food choices, exercising regularly, consuming a comprehensive eating plan, and removing hazardous materials like drinking and cigarette. If selecting to just see success, other people would like to learn new skills and add personal development actions thus to their daily routine.\n\nFolks need to be committed to doing positive adjustments to their personal development prepare. This means that the doctor has to keep going for the ambitions that they have arranged, whether or not this entails working out far more or strengthening their personalized expertise. This commitment need to go for people daily routine, so that he or she will experience fully commited and effective within their work to further improve their skills. Folks need a clear knowledge of value of doing so with their self improvement targets. They run the risk of not achieving their complete possible.\n\nShould you have almost any questions regarding where by and also how you can utilize amazon interview process, it is possible to e-mail us on our own web site.\n\nEven more guidelines from suggested editors:\n\nClick through the up coming page\n\nLearn Even more Here\n\nclick the next web site", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9825013279914856}
+{"content": "Want to warm up the cold nights\n\nAdded: Seda Grooms - Date: 14.12.2021 16:07 - Views: 41666 - Clicks: 1424\n\n\nBut this isn't the so-called \"hot\" or Bikram yoga you may have heard of. In Ashtanga yoga, you do a series of flowing asanas poses connected by special breathing techniques, all intended to create internal body heat. You may feel cold and stiff when you first walk into a yoga studio, but you'll soon feel your body warming up and becoming more flexible and strong.\n\nBy the end of an Ashtanga class, you're bound to shake off the chill and walk out into the cold all wrapped up in new, warm, and blissed-out energy. Switch on the slow cooker. Fog up the kitchen windows with slow-cooking Want to warm up the cold nights. Catch-all crock pots give you a chance to cook up a variety of vitamin-rich vegetables.\n\nChoose winter fresh veggies, such as potatoes, parsnips, squash, or pumpkin to create hearty, healthy stews and soups. You could add in cuts of chicken, turkey, or pork for a lean source of protein. Set the kettle to boil. Crock pots also come in handy when you're longing for the warm, winter scent of hot apple cider.\n\n\nbeautiful sister London\n\nMarshmallows, on the other hand, should be plopped into your cocoa with moderation. Get steamed.\n\nhot madam Grace\n\nCould hot cocoa benefit your skin, too? Some spas in Japan actually offer hot baths in With or without extra flavour, hot soaks, steam baths, and saunas have been enjoyed by people around the world for centuries.\n\nEach can stoke your internal furnace and warm you into a state of relaxation. If you take a steamy escape, just be cautious. While steam may relax you and relieve overworked or sore muscles, extreme heat can lead to hyperthermia heat stroke or dehydration. Should you feel faint or ill, take a break from the steam. A leisurely bath infused with lavender essential oil is another calming, warm-up option. Keep baths brief, since the hot water can dry out your skin. People with certain medical conditions e.\n\nApply some heat. Heat can soothe sore, tight muscles and comfort stressed-out nerves. Drape a heating pad around tired feet or stiff wrists. You could fill Want to warm up the cold nights clean sock with uncooked rice and pop it into the microwave, creating a flexible heating pad to wrap around aching necks or shoulders.\n\nAn old fashioned hot water bottle could ease a headache and raise your skin temperature. Heat could also come from body rubs made from warming ingredients like eucalyptus, mint, ginger, or cinnamon. Huddle with friends. You rarely hear people talking about loneliness as warm.\n\n\nLoneliness actually makes us feel cold! Bundle up. Obviously, you don't want your body heat escaping, right? But unless you're a ski bunny or a winter weather pro, you may not think of some of the less-obvious bundle-up clothing and accessories. But have you tried wearing a belly warmer? These tummy-toasters are based on haramakia protective wrap worn by 16th-century samurai in Japan. The modern version wraps around your midsection and can be worn under other layers.\n\n\nhorny teen Elyse\n\n\n\n\nNow you have a good excuse for wearing those big woolly socks to bed. Wear those woolly socks to bed. Sleeping your way through the long, cold nights makes sense, but what do you do if you're awakened in the night by fitful sleep? Put on some socks - and warmer pajamas maybe. Turns out that warming the skin may improve the quality of sleep. One study has shown that if you increase your skin temperature by only 0. Nutrition 9 ways to warm up this winter. Diet and disease. Diet and active lifestyles. Diet and aging. Milk and lactose intolerance.\n\nhorney women Dahlia Want to warm up the cold nights\n\nemail: [email protected] - phone:(676) 872-8773 x 4189\n\nHeart Matters", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8848974704742432}
+{"content": "The fairly recent rediscovery of Hellenistic astrology has actually led come a renewal in the usage of the lot of Spirit by astrologers, but up until now there has actually been no typically agreed ~ above glyph or price to use in stimulate to represent this point in astrological charts or computer programs.\n\nYou are watching: Circle with a vertical line through it\n\nI would prefer to rectify this situation by proposing a specific design because that the symbol that need to be offered to represent the most Spirit. I have included an image of the symbol the I’m proposing come the left of this paragraph.\n\nThe symbol is actually pretty simple. The is just a circle v a vertical line with it, v the line expanding just a bit exterior of the one of the circle. This is actually the sans-serif, capitalized version of the Greek letter ϕ / phi (usually pronounced as “fee”), and essentially what I’m proposing below is adopting this different of the Greek letter phi together the symbol because that the most Spirit.\n\nIn Defense that the suggest Glyph\n\nThis is actually something I’ve to be thinking about off and on for a few years, and at this allude I think that I have the right to make a pretty great case because that adopting this variation of the Greek letter phi as the glyph because that the the majority of Spirit. Here are some of the key points of my argument:\n\n1) every little thing glyph is adopted, it need to be somewhat simple, and ideally it would certainly be nice if the was easy to draw by hand. Even if astrologers don’t generally calculate charts through hand anymore, I view the simplicity of the proposed glyph to it is in one the points that it has actually going in the favor.\n\n2) The just other many that has actually an created glyph in ~ this point is the the majority of Fortune, and the most commonly used glyph because that it is a circle v an X with the middle of that (pictured come the right). One of the things that mine proposed glyph because that the lot of Spirit has actually going because that it is the it has stylistic similarities with the the majority of Fortune, while at the very same time being distinct enough that it is simple to tell lock apart. I think that this is useful due to the fact that then the glyphs offered for both re-superstructure something in common, and thus they deserve to both be easily figured out as lots.\n\n3) The Greek letter phi is the an initial letter that the Greek native phos, which way “light”. As I pointed out a few years back in my paper on the seven Hermetic lots, whoever very first came up with the calculations because that the most Fortune and also the lot of Spirit appears to have wanted to combine the heart with the ide of light, and Fortune with the principle of darkness. This is probably due to various Platonic and Hermetic associations between the body and also darkness, versus the heart or mind and light. These concepts are installed in the calculations that each many is predicated on, and also so it would seem installation to encompass this subtle recommendation to that meaning in the glyph because that the many Spirit.\n\n4) because phi is currently a symbol that is incorporated into Unicode and also most key-board layouts, it should be reasonably easy to usage it or incorporate it into astrology software programs. Even in instances when the glyph has not been incorporated into the astrology font that software programmers room using, they might simply usage the Unicode version of the Greek letter phi, and that would be a close sufficient approximation to the glyph.\n\n5) contemporary astrologers such together Alan Oken regularly interpret the style of the astrological glyphs as having particular symbolic definition based top top the forms they are composed of. Because some that the astrological glyphs were introduced from the alchemical legacy in the center Ages, there is probably something to be claimed for this approach. From a symbolic perspective ns would provide this translate of the glyph that I’m proposing: The circle in the middle represents the spirit, or the soul. The upright line v the center represents upwards or downwards movement, which can be take away to describe the ascent and descent that the soul through the planetary spheres, i m sorry a typical motif in Hellenistic and also Roman philosophical and spiritual traditions.\n\n6) i realized after I started thinking around adopting this symbol for the lot of Spirit the it currently had a bit of background behind it, due to the fact that it was currently used as a placeholder in some of the early Project possession translations to represent the many Spirit. That was supplied in Schmidt and also Hand’s translate in of book 2, component 1 the Valens’ Anthology in 1994, back they used the serif variation of the letter phi, and they didn’t define their reasons for utilizing this letter. I asked Hand around this recently and also he stated that he couldn’t recall even if it is there to be a particular reason why they used that symbol because that spirit, return he stated that he has continued to usage it because then. As I researched this an ext I remembered the another pair of astrologers called Antoine Garth and Claire-France Perez, who have actually done some occupational on Valens’ lots, followed Schmidt and Hand in making use of phi as the symbol for the most Spirit. So, evidently over there is already a little of a heritage behind this symbol end the previous 20 years, return the distinction here is the I’m trying to it is in a bit more deliberate in making a specific case because that why ns think the the letter phi should be used, and I’m outlining the particular parameters of the symbol for others come adopt.\n\n7) Evidently ϕ is often used to stand for the gold ratio in mathematical texts, as well as a variety of other things. Offered Schmidt’s lift in mathematics, i wondered if this wasn’t a contributing element in their using the letter for spirit. I have tendency to think the they were probably just using it together a placeholder at that allude though, since their at an early stage translations were supposed to it is in preliminary, and additionally since phi is often used in philosophical texts to stand for some share act.\n\n8) There room two or three various other potential versions of the the majority of Spirit glyph that have shown up in isolated places, although no one of this have ever been extensively adopted, and also I would argue that the prize I’m proposing is an ext appropriate for the factors outlined above. Among the icons is a circle v two wavy lines listed below it, which remained in a fifth century horoscope the is disputed in an post by Deborah Houlding. Elsewhere, rob Hand stated to me that the 16th century astrologer Johannes Schoener has a glyph for the many Spirit in his message that “looks like the component of Fortune however with the outer circle partly lacking on the right-hand side.” Hand notes that he hasn’t watched this price used all over else. Finally, much more recently a collection of glyphs for all seven Hermetic too many was introduced by Curtis Manwaring as part of his Delphic Oracle software application program, and also each lot has actually the glyph for each planet in the middle, v a circle and a cross in the middle in the background. Manwaring’s glyph because that the the majority of Spirit then is the symbol because that the sun with a circle and also a cross in the background. I actually prefer this set of glyphs to a details extent, and also it is true the the Hellenistic astrologers seem come have connected each the the Hermetic lots through each the the 7 planets. Ns think the the phi glyph that I’m proposing would certainly be a far better alternative for spirit though due to the fact that it is an ext in keeping with the an ext widely offered glyph because that the the majority of Fortune that most astrologers usage today, which was portrayed above. Additionally, the phi glyph areas the emphasis of the lot much less on the Sun and also instead more on the principle of light in general, which ns think is an ext in keeping with the rationale underlying the most Spirit, if one reverses the calculation for day and night charts.\n\nSee more: Why Did Fdr Say We Have Nothing To Fear But Fear Itself Winston Churchill\n\nThere are more than likely some extr arguments that could be made, yet those room really the core ones that I want to make for the objective of this post. Ns look front to listening what human being think.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7589139938354492}
+{"content": "How Meditation May Help You Live Longer\n\n\nMeditation is a organised procedure where anyone incorporates an organized technique, for example conscious focus, or deep breathing, to exercise consciousness and consideration, and gain a mentally relax and psychologically tranquil condition. It is usually utilized as being a restorative healing modality for folks who are experiencing / and nervousness or depression. Meditating will not automatically demand experience or instruction it is really an effortless operation which can be employed and figured out by a person with a prefer to learn. They have quite a few optimistic added benefits both for persons and psychological overall health. Individuals who meditate often have better physical and mental properly-being.\n\nIn the event you loved this informative article and you want to receive details with regards to assure visit the web page.\n\nStress reduction is probably the most widely used advantages of deep breathing. Meditation could be effective in lowering either constant and serious anxiety, specifically when coupled with intellectual personality therapies, (CBT), psychotherapy, and doing yoga. Even when meditating is used for an adjunct with other remedy modalities, it is even now powerful in reducing the tension degrees of those that routinely meditate.\n\nIn the split medical analysis, a different analysis demonstrated that constant agony sufferers who mixed mind-calming exercise with CBT obtained significantly less discomfort compared to those who meditated on their own. This is basically the newbie this has been discovered in healthcare literature. Another research of Buddhist monks found out that people who normally meditated had significantly reduced rankings about the Stroop Cognitive Test at the outset of the investigation than does those who didn’t meditate. The creators with the analysis did not indicate that deep breathing was an end to the agony. However, the creators noted that near future exploration should take a look at the effects of reflection on discomfort management specifically.\n\nAn investigation released from the Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy found out that meditation made it easier for lower pain from one kind of clinical ache more efficiently than have advising. They recorded your brain features from the participants utilizing practical MRI. They discovered that individuals that meditated revealed significantly increased changes in the brain’s practical imaging graphics than do those that didn’t meditate.\n\nOther research has also identified advantages for many who meditate. In just one study, university students who often exercised mind-calming exercise displayed increased awareness and focus compared with those who did not meditate. Students who meditated also demonstrated enhanced mental health mobility. Plus in a research of youngsters, people that routinely employed reflection possessed higher IQ profits than others who failed to meditate. Every one of these positive studies are particularly remarkable mainly because a number of the complications linked to anxiety and stress could be traced straight to stress along with its outcomes over the mental faculties.\n\nThere are a few limitations to meditating. As with all other form of meditation, it can’t allow you to uncover your relief or to eliminate your concerns. But there are a lot of benefits. For instance, a single overview of deep breathing reports, the key benefits of deep breathing were noted on physiological and physical degrees. Meditation can really help you acquire and loosen up the mind off whatever it is that’s causing you to really feel distressed.\n\nBut it may also be employed as an deliberate neurological work out. The purpose of relaxation apply is usually to acquire a condition of meditating, where the thoughts can resolve and work on subliminal ranges to get rid of the heads of all the myriad happenings of living, making it possible for your brain to work in a more impressive range. This doesn’t mean that your brain can also work speedier and even more effectively. It will signify the deliberate farming of the intentional mental faculties task can provide a greater well being. This may be carried out via deliberate procedures like reflection and through the use of guided imagery CDs and DVDs. But there are a few rewards that you could also get from your regular meditation practice.\n\nOne overview figured that individuals who meditate regularly have decrease cortisol levels. Cortisol is known to lead to inflammatory reaction. In fact, irritation is shown to enhance the risk of cardiovascular disease. And also in another study, people who meditated consistently experienced lessen inflamed chemical substances in their body. This may suggest that mind-calming exercise could very well lead to the prevention of the beginning of constant illnesses like heart high blood pressure and condition.\n\nIf you have any queries regarding exactly where and how to use yoga classes near me, you can make contact with us at our own site.\n\nWonderful suggestions relevant to the issues outlined in this article, you may like:\n\nClick this site\n\njust click the up coming web site", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9583325982093811}
+{"content": "NEO Shines as Bears Bash Crypto Markets\n\nWhen crypto markets fall, most altcoins take a beating together, as has been the case during this morning’s Asian trading session. All in the top ten are showing red with some, such as Ripple, falling by as much as 15% in the past 24 hours. Only one altcoin is posting positive gains and that is NEO.\n\nA bigger selloff occurred last week when fearmongering media outlets misreported a total crypto ban in South Korea. What actually occurred was a ban on anonymous trading accounts to prevent illegal activities, such as money laundering.\n\nNEO The Bull\n\nAccording to reports and figures from analytics websites, NEO has risen by 9% in the past 24 hours and over 52% over the last week. Often called the Chinese Ethereum, NEO reached a record high of $195 a few hours ago during Asian trading. The rise has pushed it back into the top ten cryptocurrencies by market capitalization, where it currently sits at eighth, pushing Stellar Lumens and Iota further down the list.\n\nNEO is traded heavily in Asia, which may not be reflected on popular statistics sites such as Coinmarketcap, which has removed South Korean markets. Binance takes the majority of the trade with over 35%, followed by Korean exchange Upbit with almost 25%. At the time of writing, its market capacitalization is $10.7 billion, with $780 million traded in the past 24 hours…\n\nRead Full: NEO Shines as Bears Bash Crypto Markets", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9010125994682312}
+{"content": "\n\n      Airoldi, EM; Miller, D; Athanasiadou, R; Brandt, N; Abdul-Rahman, F; Neymotin, B; Hashimoto, T; Bahmani, T; Gresham, D; Airoldi, Edoardo|0000-0002-3512-0542 (2016-04-15)\n      © 2016 Billmann, Horn, et al. Cell growth rate is regulated in response to the abundance and molecular form of essential nutrients. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast), the molecular form of environmental nitrogen is a major determinant of cell growth rate, supporting growth rates that vary at least threefold. Transcriptional control of nitrogen use is mediated in large part by nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR), which results in the repression of specific transcripts in the presence of a preferred nitrogen source that supports a fast growth rate, such as glutamine, that are otherwise expressed in the presence of a nonpreferred nitrogen source, such as proline, which supports a slower growth rate. Differential expression of the NCR regulon and additional nitrogen-responsive genes results in >500 transcripts that are differentially expressed in cells growing in the presence of different nitrogen sources in batch cultures. Here we find that in growth rate-controlled cultures using nitrogen-limited chemostats, gene expression programs are strikingly similar regardless of nitrogen source. NCR expression is derepressed in all nitrogen-limiting chemostat conditions regardless of nitrogen source, and in these conditions, only 34 transcripts exhibit nitrogen source-specific differential gene expression. Addition of either the preferred nitrogen source, glutamine, or the nonpreferred nitrogen source, proline, to cells growing in nitrogen-limited chemostats results in rapid, dose-dependent repression of the NCR regulon. Using a novel means of computational normalization to compare global gene expression programs in steady-state and dynamic conditions, we find evidence that the addition of nitrogen to nitrogen-limited cells results in the transient overproduction of transcripts required for protein translation. Simultaneously, we find that that accelerated mRNA degradation underlies the rapid clearing of a subset of transcripts, which is most pronounced for the highly expressed NCR-regulated permease genes GAP1, MEP2, DAL5, PUT4, and DIP5. Our results reveal novel aspects of nitrogen-regulated gene expression and highlight the need for a quantitative approach to study how the cell coordinates protein translation and nitrogen assimilation to optimize cell growth in different environments.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9032317399978638}
+{"content": "Sat. Nov 27th, 2021\n\nFacing civil unrest and strikes in the crucial mining sector, Guinea’s President Alpha Conde reshuffled his government overnight, appointing new finance and security ministers among others.\n\nNo official reason was given for the sweeping changes, announced by state TV on Sunday, which followed the appointment of a new prime minister, Ibrahima Kassory Fofana. The changes came amid heightened political tensions and speculation that Conde may be seeking to modify the constitution ahead of a 2020 election.\n\nGuinea is Africa’s top producer of bauxite, the ore of aluminium, and Conde’s government has faced repeated strikes by mineworkers, as well as teachers and has seen civil unrest over local elections. It has also suffered embarrassment over allegations by French authorities that billionaire tycoon Vincent Bollore’s conglomerate backed Conde’s election campaign in exchange for a port concession. Both Bollore and Conde deny any wrongdoing.\n\nIn his reshuffle Conde replaced 13 out of 33 ministers in his government. Finance Minister Maladho Kaba was sacked and replaced by Mamady Camara, Guinea’s former ambassador to South Africa. Her deputy, Budget Minister Mohamed Lamine Doumbouya, was replaced by former central bank official Ismael Dioubate.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9868838787078857}
+{"content": "Did the Mongols successfully invade Vietnam?\n\nDate 1258, 1282–1284, 1285 and 1287–88\nResult See Aftermath section\n\nDid Mongols invade Vietnam?\n\nOn January 29, 1258, the Mongols invaded Dai Viet, now known as Vietnam, for the first time. By the 1250s, the Mongol Empire had spread over Eurasia, including Eastern Europe, Anatolia, North China, Mongolia, Manchuria, Central Asia, Tibet and Southwest Asia.\n\nHow the Vietnamese defeated the Mongols?\n\nBorrowing a tactic used by Ngo Quyen in 938 to defeat an invading Chinese fleet, the Vietnamese drove iron-tipped stakes into the bed of the Bach Dang River (located in northern Vietnam in present-day Ha Bac, Hai Hung, and Quang Ninh provinces), and then, with a small Vietnamese flotilla, lured the Mongol fleet into …\n\nWho defeated the Mongols?\n\nKublai Khan. Kublai Khan came to power in 1260. By 1271 he had renamed the Empire the Yuan Dynasty and conquered the Song dynasty and with it, all of China. However, Chinese forces ultimately overthrew the Mongols to form the Ming Dynasty.\n\nDid Vietnam ever lose war?\n\n10 Wars in Vietnam – Facts, Dates and Timeline. … As for the French, it was a decade-long conflict starting from 1945 and lasting till 1955, which they eventually ended up losing. Their goal was to secure the Asian pearl, a part of their colonial empire but they lost in a place known as Dien Bien Phu.\n\nTHIS IS INTERESTING:  Are there many Japanese in Singapore?\n\nWhy did the Mongols not invade Southeast Asia?\n\nMonsoons occur frequently, and the rainforest is difficult to conquer, given how detrimental daily flooding is. The Mongols were accustomed to a bleak climate, but a dry one nonetheless. The lush rainforests of Southeast Asia wasn’t exactly their forte, and they never learned how to combat such a foreign climate.\n\nWho has tried to invade Vietnam?\n\nIn more modern times, Vietnam was first invaded by the French in force in 1858 and they couldn’t subdue the whole of the country until 1887, 29 years after it first started. It cost thousands of French lives and the French even had to bring in Philippine troops to help.\n\nDid the Mongols reach Australia?\n\nTHE Mongol Empire has begun its invasion of gangland Australia. … While an Australian police officer who has been investigating outlaw bikie gangs for more than a decade said Mongols were known for “torture, murder, drugs, guns, explosives”. “Their reputation for violence and criminality is well deserved,” he said.\n\nDid Mongols conquer Khmer?\n\nWhen the Burmese king again refused, the emperor ordered an invasion of northern Burma. Two dry season campaigns (1283–1285) later, the Mongols had occupied down to Tagaung and Hanlin, forcing the Burmese king to flee to Lower Burma.\n\nFirst Mongol invasion of Burma.\n\nFirst Mongol invasions of Burma\nYuan dynasty Pagan Empire\nCommanders and leaders\nYour first trip", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9996606707572937}
+{"content": "Is Kuala Lumpur overpopulated?\n\nKuala Lumpur has an estimated 2016 population of 1.76 million people in an area of just 94 square kilometers (243 square kilometers). This gives the city proper a very high population density of 17,310 people per square mile or 6,890 per square kilometer.\n\nIs Malaysia overpopulated?\n\nMalaysia’s population is currently 32.37 million people. It is estimated that Malaysia’s population will peak in the year 2068 at 42.07 million people. Following 2069, the population will begin to steadily decline. Malaysia’s population is growing at a rate of 1.30% as of 2020.\n\n\nName Population\nShah Alam 481,654\n\nIs Kuala Lumpur a busy city?\n\nKL is a busy city and gridlocked traffic is common, but with an extensive network of buses, light rail commuter trains and taxis, getting around the city is easy. … Instead utilise KL’s comprehensive urban rail-based network: it has lessened the city’s traffic jams by serving between 130,000 to 150,000 commuters per day.\n\nIs Kuala Lumpur a rich city?\n\nKL Is One Of The Richest And Economically Healthy Cities In The World. An international study has put the nation’s capital city as one of the top 20 global cities in terms of economic health.\n\nIs Malaysia a poor country?\n\nMalaysia is one of the most open economies in the world with a trade to GDP ratio averaging over 130% since 2010. … Having revised its national poverty line in July 2020, 5.6% of Malaysian households are currently living in absolute poverty.\n\nTHIS IS INTERESTING:  Best answer: What is the western part of the Philippines?\n\nWho founded Kuala Lumpur?\n\n\nHow many foreigners live in Kuala Lumpur?\n\n3.5 million expats rank Kuala Lumpur as second easiest city to get settled in Asia.\n\nYour first trip", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9500675797462463}
+{"content": "Case Study Examples In Project Management Case Solution & Analysis\n\ntalk to additional inquiries if you really feel you will be lacking details. The interviewer is commonly expecting you to definitely question to discover missing facts.\n\nfollowing this case study, I can know very well what Acute Pancreatitis is, case study examples in project management brings about of Acute Pancreatitis, how it is obtained and prevented, its remedies and preventionits incidence.\n\n\ncase study examples in project management  Case Solution & Analysis\n\n\nArrive at a choice:- Your case study would need a summary. rather than mentioning your impression during the case my response study, engage the audience using a handful of further queries which the reader can handle.\n\nduring the case interview, coming up with the \"accurate\" answer is not nearly as essential as the process you use for finding there. When answering a case interview dilemma, you wish to showcase your power to evaluate a problem or business Problem, determine the important issues, and establish seem conclusions that flow from the Evaluation.\n\nFrom a marketing viewpoint what has Guinness performed to make sure its longevity look here How case study examples in project management would you characterize the Guinness model\n\ndirect individuals to an “aha” instant throughout which conventional wisdom is trumped by further, additional seasoned case study examples in project management insights\n\nWith both equally the case parameters and components Evidently discovered you give you the opportunity to steer the discussion and start to identify achievable options. To establish regions of concern, you'll want to discover the record in the four influencing variables.\n\n\nStating the issue:- Point out The problem(s) and the objective of getting ready this case study explicitly and concisely. In a criminal offense fiction, the criminal offense happens on the introductory stage and the investigator has to collect and collate all offered clues to obtain as a result of it in the remaining portions from the crime novel.\n\na sizable chain of retail garments suppliers is battling profitability. Bases on your own review fo the business's economic statements, what difficulties is it possible to determine? Can this enterprise be turned arounds? How would you go about determining?\n\nCase studies vary in duration and detail, and can be employed in numerous ways, dependant upon the case itself and on the teacher’s aims.\n\nImprove your critical contemplating abilities with 148 reasonable case studies from all four scientific apply spots: health care-surgical, pediatrics, maternity, and psychiatric nursing. Every single case in significant considering Cases in Nursing, 4th version covers a typical issue, drawn from real clinical experiences and composed by nurses who will be clinical authorities.\n\nSince you by now posses the data, it is significant time now to compile them. adhering to would be the salient points of a quick outline which may be adopted:-\n\ntwo. Why did methicillin resistance lag driving penicillin resistance? according to the pattern observed with penicillin, what would you count on to discover materialize with methicillin?\n\nAt the end of your dialogue While using the interviewer you could possibly establish published here that it's climbing variable fees that are having the greatest go here impact on profitability. you can then drill down even more to ascertain what exactly is leading to variable expenses to rise and come up with extra case study examples in project management unique recommendations.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7729206085205078}
+{"content": "On this episode of the BSN Rockies Podcast, Mike Rice of KOA joins Drew Creasman to discuss the state of the Colorado Rockies. Why are they in this pickle and was the silence at the trade deadline truly a reason to fear for the future. Also, thoughts on controversial comments from Jeff Bridich and final analysis of the series with…\n\n\nLogin for Subscribers\n\nDrew Creasman\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9938574433326721}
+{"content": "If you are in search of signs of a nutritious relationship, you first have to understand that you will find women of the dominican republic no magical evidence that a romantic relationship is in difficulties. While there might be times that your lover may seems to be distancing themselves from you, that is not mean that something is drastically wrong. It may just mean that they can be taking their particular time to assess the current situation and romantic relationship dynamic. While there are common signs of a normal relationship, you can expect to still need to closely keep an eye on your mate’s actions to make sure that it is not a sign that something happens to be seriously wrong.\n\nHonesty is one of the keystones that make-up healthy human relationships. When you trust your partner enough to be honest with them about all of the small details within your life, including your financial position, you are building trust. When you are self-assured that your companion is over all their ex, you no longer need to stress information suddenly currently being less obtainable. Most individuals enter unhealthy loving relationships, emotional baggage, or ruined relationships while not their partner knowing about it.\n\nBecoming honest also can help to defend you and your lover from feeling in person attacked simply by an unhealthy romantic relationship. People are drawn to others that happen to be emotionally secure and self-assessing. You and your lover should work together to hold an open type of communication, so as to be generally there to each other if the need develops.\n\nCommunication is yet another one of the important elements to a healthy romance. Many of us have experienced arguments plus some of the more heated discussions that can rage between couples. Doctor Eshilian-Oates clarifies, “When one particular partner feels as though they’re getting taken benefit of or to not get their fair share of things that ought to be theirs, this affects just how that spouse will feel regarding the relationship generally. They start to take the various other person’s expression for items and begin to trust that all people are liars. inches Avoiding these arguments totally, will prevent you from having what Doctor Eshilian-Oates terms as the “death of the relationship”.\n\nIn relation to health, it is often established that healthy relationships are those that allow for the progress and development of all the aspects of a marriage. Healthy romances are built about compromise. Each individual is revered and their requires are satisfied. This leads to a deep feeling of self-worth. If you are aware that your partner feels happy with who they actually are, they will want to make sure they feel that they are simply included and respected in all aspects of your life.\n\nLastly, probably the most valuable signs of a healthy romantic relationship is shared respect. Once both persons feel that they are really respected, this extends to the relationship as well. When an individual feels that they are appreciated by the person who they are with, they feel better about themselves and are generally more likely to be able to open up to a different person within a trusting, compassionate, and honest way. Maintaining healthy associations will take function but it can be performed. By following the advice of Dr . Eshilian-Oates and other romance experts, you can find yourself very well on your way to maintaining healthy and balanced relationships.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9907695055007935}
+{"content": "How the Battle Against Cyber Crime Can Inspire Innovation\n\nThought-piece on innovation-led change through the lens of data, tech, and cyber crime from Tom Corey, VP, Consulting Services at Wunderman Thompson Data.\n\nWunderman Thompson\nFull Service\nNew York, United States\nSee Profile\n\nTom Corey\nVP, Consulting Services Wunderman Thompson Data\n\nInnovation inspires change.\n\nWithin marketing, we track innovation in the data and technology landscape — motivated by the advancements that improve consumers’ lives and drive business outcomes. \n\nWe also find inspiration in the rapidly changing battle for our digital safety and security.\n\nSome bad actors have been making advancements of their own. Innovative techniques developed by rogue organizations have been used to access protected data (data breaches) or to lock employees and administrators out of their own systems, removing access to protected data, only to reinstate access in exchange for a paid fee (ransomware).   \n\nThese bad actors have been experiencing some success that has been grabbing headlines. They have developed a new, advanced set of tactics to exploit systems faster than those responsible for the systems and data could react or respond to these changes. \n\nBut the tables may be turning. Last May, the Russian hacker group “Darkside” shut down the Colonial oil pipeline in a ransomware attack, bringing all aspects of production and distribution to a halt. The hackers demanded millions of dollars to release those systems, and that downtime created gaps in product availability. This caused gas panic-buying, increased prices and stoked fears that additional infrastructure was open to attack. \n\nThe leaders at the Colonial pipeline succumbed to paying nearly $4.4M in bitcoin as ransom to have their systems released. But the FBI had been developing their own set of new innovative tactics in response to this growing threat of new digital piracy, and this was their opportunity to act.\n\nFor months the FBI had been tracking Darkside, and in the process had identified the digital wallet in which the ransom was ultimately deposited. Using their own innovative tactics, the FBI recovered over 50% of the ransom payment back from the hackers.\n\nAn innovative response to an innovative threat.\n\nIn another example, a pervasive challenge in preventing criminal behavior has been the production of encrypted phones for use in running global crime rings. This innovative technology enables undetectable communications that make the tracking and tracing of illegal activity a challenge for policing organizations. \n\nThat is unless a government agency creates their own supply of encrypted phones to be sold on the black market under the covert guise of a shell company. This is exactly what the FBI did in collaboration with Australian Federal Police when they “strategically developed and covertly operated an encrypted device company, called ANOM, which grew to service more than 12,000 encrypted devices to over 300 criminal syndicates operating in more than 100 countries, including Italian organized crime, outlaw motorcycle gangs, and international drug trafficking organizations,\" according to Europol.  \n\nInnovations like this will create doubt in the source of future technology for these criminal groups, ideally curbing their ability to coordinate and organize. One innovation leads to the next.  A change for the positive. \n\nInnovation-led change is important, and it can also be daunting. Proactive innovation is the gold standard, but not all challenges can be planned for. A delayed response to new external threats will widen gaps—whether in the battle against cybercrime or responding to competitive changes in marketing capability. \n\nSo how do we embrace innovation-led change?\n\nTake Inventory. Change is difficult when we aren’t prepared. Take stock of your tools, infrastructure and processes. Note the gaps, and address if they’re critical. Examine your external environment and identify opportunities and threats, including immediacy and level of impact.\n\nCreate a Culture of Change. The process of change itself is difficult. By developing a culture that can both drive and react to change, we reduce biases for resistance and build an expectation for it.\n\nBe the Change. A shift from reacting to innovation-led change to driving innovation-led change empowers anyone who had the opportunity to experience it. Taking ownership of your future direction will create opportunities and advantages while others take time to react and respond. \n\nWhile innovation can often feel limited or specific to the products and services that we use or consume daily, innovation-led change is pervasive in all aspects of our lives. In business and in life, a critical component of our individual and collective successes will be determined by our ability and speed in driving and reacting to innovation-led change.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9856494069099426}
+{"content": "Alternator replacement save 20% to 60%\n\nGet quotes for your RAM 1500 from independent specialists near you.\n\nusp australia\n\nAustralia's #1 booking site for car services & repairs\n\nusp heart\n\nBook now, pay later Interest-free payments\n\nusp transparent fees\n\nTransparent prices no surprises\n\nbnpl banners\n\n*Available at select service providers. T&Cs apply.\n\nRAM 1500 Alternator replacement\n\nWhy do RAM 1500 alternators need to be replaced?\n\nThe alternator on your RAM 1500 is what provides power to your vehicle when the engine is running.\n\nWithout it, you wouldn’t have air-conditioning, power windows or a stereo to blast out your favourite songs (although it’s probably best to have your windows up if your singing voice is anything like mine!), but more importantly, the alternator charges up the battery.\n\nIf your battery runs out of power, your RAM 1500 won’t start, possibly leaving you stranded in the middle of nowhere.\n\nDon’t ignore the warning signs – if your alternator is not charging correctly, the battery light will light up on the dashboard indicating an issue.\n\nDepending on the location of the alternator, and if other components need to be removed to allow access to the alternator, it can cost between $400 - $1000+ to have it replaced.\n\nWhen RAM 1500 alternators are subjected to high temperatures and get dirty any of the many moving parts of the alternator can eventually fail. The most likely culprit is the bearings.\n\nCommon {{make}} {{model}} Repairs", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6456053256988525}
+{"content": "\n\nSenior Trust Officer\n\nVancouver, BC\nFull Time\nRequisition ID: 132172\n\n\nYou are a trusted and experienced relationship manager responsible for supporting Aqueduct Foundation's strategy by delivering a best in class donor experience. Scotiatrust is the administrative agent of Aqueduct Foundation, a Canadian public foundation with donor advised funds.\n\nYou are client-centric and entrepreneurial, with a strong sense of proactivity and effective at building and maintaining deep relationships with donors as well as internal and external partners. You are a proven, highly skilled professional with expertise in Estate & Trust administration and wealth management of varying complexity.\n\nThrough an intimate understanding of donor's philanthropic goals, you are responsible for engaging Scotiabank and Scotia Wealth Management's team of experts as needed.\n\nKey Job Accountabilities\n\n1. Relationship Management & Client Service\n- Fulfil the role of lead relationship manager, acting as the central point of contact for all donor needs.\n- Provide a best in class, proactive and personalized donor experience to high net worth donors and beneficiaries, exemplified by timely and accurate account administration coupled with demonstrated technical expertise, personal integrity and an ability to respond to stated and unstated donor needs and concerns.\n- Build and maintain effective internal and external partnerships, with a view to providing seamless, impactful solutions across a variety of financial services disciplines.\n- Build and maintain charitable partnerships to liaison between charitable entities to fulfill donors goals\n\n2. Business Development\n- Work closely with the Estate and Trust Consultants, Scotia Wealth Management partners and their clients.\n\n3. Risk Management\n- Limit corporate risk exposure by ensuring that account administration is carried out proactively and in compliance with defined policies/procedures and audit standards, including the timely escalation of issues to the appropriate internal oversight groups as required.\n- Maintain expert knowledge of legislative, administrative and economic issues that impact the management of your accounts and demonstrate an ability to communicate on a broad range of legal and financial issues with donors and their advisors, with particular proficiency in estates, trusts, wills, and investment and taxation matters.\n\nSkills Experience and Functional Competencies\n\n1. Entrepreneurial and capable of consistently delivering a proactive best in class donor experience.\n2. Effective at building and maintaining deep relationships and partnerships.\n3. Proven ability to manage competing priorities without losing focus on key accountabilities\n4. Strong interpersonal, verbal communication and negotiation skills and professionalism.\n5. Deep understanding of the wealth management landscape and a demonstrated ability to work in an environment that demands tact, objectivity and sensitivity.\n6. Strong change management skills and ability to adopt technology and reporting platform changes to support operational improvements, sales management process improvements, etc..\n\nEducation and Other Requirements\n\n1. Professional and/or industry accreditation, in addition to a university degree.\n2. Minimum of 5-7 years of directly-related experience.\n3. Proven success in high net worth donor relationship management.\n4. Membership or commitment to participate in CSI and/or STEP.\n\nLocation(s): Canada : British Columbia : Vancouver\n\n\n\nJob Segment: Developer, Bank, Banking, Business Development, Relationship Manager, Technology, Finance, Sales, Customer Service\nBanking, Finance and Insurance Information Technology", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9932616353034973}
+{"content": "Understanding a hacker’s motives is essential for developing robust data protection strategies. If you don’t know precisely why attackers want to steal your data, it’s difficult to plan effective measures for stopping them. The following list addresses the most common motives for data theft today, along with tips on how to prevent various types of attacks:\n\nData Ransom:\n\nSometimes, hackers want to steal your data so that they can hold it for ransom. This is a type of ransom attack, which is one of the fastest-growing kinds of cyberattacks. The rate of ransomware attacks rose by 250% in 2017. Hackers usually execute ransom was attacks by gaining unauthorized access to data, then encrypting it or moving it and charging a payment to restore your access to it. The best way to prevent ransomed are attacks is to make sure that access to data is restricted by reliable access controls. Also, making frequent backups of data can help. If you have your data backed up on servers that hackers can’t access, then you won’t have to pay a ransom to get it back if you lose control over it.\n\nIdentity Theft:\n\nData breaches are designed to steal personal information so that attackers can exploit that information to break into other accounts, in an attempt to steal identities and so on. As an end-user, the best way to protect yourself against this threat is to avoid using the same password for multiple accounts, so that if an attacker steals your password for one service, the attacker won’t be able to use it to break into another one. For similar reasons, you should be careful about how you configure password recovery questions, which can do more harm than good at times. You can also spread data across multiple storage locations so that a breach of one data set doesn’t lead attackers to complete account information.\n\nStealing Infrastructure:\n\nServers and storage arrays are expensive, so some hackers will want to break into your systems to store data and host applications on your infrastructure, instead of paying for their own. One way to mitigate the risk of this type of attack is to avoid exposing infrastructure to the public internet, unless necessary. If hackers can’t see how much infrastructure you have, they’ll be less likely to want to take control of it. Of course, even having a firewall on your internal infrastructure has no guarantee that hackers won’t hack it. They might still find ways to get past your perimeter defenses. But as a best practice, your public-facing services should be limited to those that strictly need to be public-facing.\n\nJust Because:\n\nUnfortunately, some attackers want to steal your data just to prove that they can. These types of hackers are not motivated by monetary gain, access to free resources, or the ability to take your users’ identities. They want to prove to themselves and whoever is in the audience that they can break past your defenses. The higher your company’s reputation, the more tempting it is for attackers to show that they defeated your security measures. There is no particular way to respond to these types of attackers; you simply need to follow data security best practices in general. Monitor your systems for signs of attack, lock down access control, and avoid unnecessary attack vectors. \n\n\nBut rather than worrying about hackers and their motives, you can put your mind at ease and take the precautionary step of looking for protection that can back you up. Identity Protection services work night and day to make sure that hackers are kept at bay. To get the protection you and your family deserves, visit our list of the best Identity Protection services.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.797488808631897}
+{"content": "Mbabane Swaziland Culture\n\nIf you are in a small country in the southern hemisphere and want to see pristine wilderness and enjoy various adventure activities, then the Kingdom of Swaziland is one of the best places to visit. Unlike most countries in the Southern Hemisphere, the mountainous landscape of Swazeriland is subject to summer rainfall.\n\nSwaziland is also immensely rich in culture and there are various cultural activities and festivals throughout the year, which provides a unique tourist experience and encourages visitors to enjoy a wide range of cultural events such as music, dance, art, music and dance. In Swazeriland there are several villages that offer visitors the opportunity to experience local culture, cuisine and interaction with the local population. You can walk through the villages with the most fantastic mountain panoramas in Africa and experience the rich culture of the people of the region up close. Swaziland also has a number of well-organised municipal tourism projects that offer visitors the opportunity to get to know Swaziland and experience hospitality while supporting development communities.\n\nAlthough Swaziland is not geographically located in a vast area, it is an exciting tourist destination due to its rich cultural heritage, beautiful landscape and craftsmanship. Although it may be small, it is also an interesting place to stay and a great place for a day trip. For such a small kingdom, the variety of activities, sights and places and people in the country, as well as all the things you do, make this country worth visiting.\n\nAlthough siSwati is the main language, English is widely spoken and the term abakwangwane (Ngwano people) is still used as an alternative to emaswati. Traditionally, the people of Swaziland migrated south to what is now Mozambique from the 16th century, and then north to neighboring South Africa and Mozamba, while the Nguni originated in East Africa in the 15th century. Nevertheless, the country is overshadowed by neighbouring countries such as Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia and Zimbabwe, as well as neighbouring Namibia and South Africa. The cross is hung on Ngwenya Oshoek, a symbol of Swaziland's cultural identity and identity as a nation.\n\nLater, Ndwandwe attacks forced Swazi, ruled by Sobhuza Dlamini, to move into what is now known as Swaziland, and the Ezulwini Valley is now the center of Swaziland's royal and ritual rituals. The next king, Sob Zhuza I, withdrew to Mozambique after being pressured by the Zulu, but later renamed his country, which is now officially the Kingdom of eSwatini, although it was widely referred to as \"Swaziland\" and is still being called.\n\nSwaziland is part of the South African Customs Union (SACU), together with South Africa, Lesotho, Botswana and Namibia. It is also part of the Common Monetary Area (CMA), which allows the return of unrestricted funds.\n\nIt is part of the South African Customs Union (SACU), where import duties apply to all member countries. It allows for the free movement of goods and services between the two countries and between South Africa and the United States.\n\nSouth African nationals do not need a visa to enter the Kingdom of eSwatini as long as they stay for 30 days or less. A permit for Swaziland can be carried by hand at Manzini Airport or sent by post to Johannesburg Airport (not recommended). Pets are not required, except pets of children under 5 years of age and no animals of any kind, such as dogs, cats or horses.\n\nCultural tours are offered daily and the guides are either local or Swaziland citizens. Local tour guides have a responsibility to raise awareness of the culture and practices in the rural areas where they are strongest. The understanding and appreciation of Swaziland culture is deeply rooted in all visitors to the Kingdom of eSwatini, especially the young and young people who live in the heart of Swaziland. A team of dancers entertains visitors and cultural tours are available to all.\n\nIndian art, architecture and culture developed from a popular base into classical forms and reached their peak under the Gupta Empire. During this period Tamil culture reached its peak with the Cholas in the 12th century, and Tamil art and architecture, as well as the Tamil language and art form, also developed during this period.\n\nSince 1986, when King Mswati III ruled, it is one of the few monarchies in the world that preserves and preserves culture and heritage. The Council of Royal Elders in Swaziland, which used to ban political parties and appoint prime ministers and cabinet members, is now a political anachronism.\n\nLandlocked Swaziland is surrounded by South Africa to the north and south and bordered by Mozambique to the east. Locked in the west and bordered by North Africa to the east, South Africa to the west and Moz Ambique to the east, it is one of the few absolute monarchies in Africa and the world, with a population of about 1.5 million.\n\nMore About Mbabane\n\nMore About Mbabane", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9267170429229736}
+{"content": "Interim Lead Specialist HR Advisor (5months)\n\nInterim Lead Specialist HR Advisor (5months)\n\n\nup to £43,649 pa\n\n\n\nJob Description\n\nJob Purpose:\n\n\nYou will lead and support both the Enabling Services Directorate and corporate initiatives on the specialism detailed below.The post holder will also work with Executive Directors, Leadership Team and Management Teams on a practical working relationship to continuously improve all People Management practices. You will report to a Senior Manager within People Management who may or may not have the same specialism. You will work closely and collectively with colleagues within the same Directorate Team and with similar professional specialists across the business to ensure continuous improvement.\n\n\nKey Job Accountabilities:\n\nThe post holder will be the lead, expert specialist and ambassador for the Directorate.\n\n\nBe the lead to ensure that People Management interfaces with BSS are effective and efficient.\n\n\nBe the ambassador and custodian for developing and delivering and maintaining a continuous professional standard across the business.\n\n\nActively contribute, promote and where necessary lead on Directorate and Corporate initiatives.\n\n\nProactively develop working relationships the build trust and empower managers to use People Management practices with confidence.\n\n\nIdentify and proactively deliver against relevant measurable Directorate and KPI’s.\n\n\nAs a senior member of the People Management team, be proactive and use internal and external best practices and working relationships to good effect.\n\n\nUnderstand the business needs and the people management issues and take steps to identify and implement initiatives.\n\n\nWork Directorate colleagues to provide technical advice across all People Management specialisms for the relevant Directorate.\n\n\nProactively identify trends and patterns and use initiative to improve all People Management practices.\n\n\nSuccessful Applicant\n\nKey Job Qualifications or Knowledge:\n\n\nCIPD qualified (Level 7: Advanced)/Chartered Member of the CIPD or equivalent level HR Qualification.\n\nOr equivalent extensive knowledge and experience of people management legislation and best practice.\n\n\nWhat you will do\n\n\nYou will provide high level professional technical/specialist expertise and advice as part of a professional enabling service which is involved in the delivery and improvement of enabling services to develop and support the organisation and its partners in corporate compliance, planning, performance, policy and strategy.\n\n\nYou will be involved in the management of large projects or small less complex programmes of work.\n\n\nYou will analyse and interpret a range of complex information and communicate this to others.\n\n\nYou will provide in-depth technical/specialist knowledge across the company and upon which others will rely.\n\n\nYou will influence the work of others through your knowledge and decision making, the impact of which will be both internal and external.\n\n\nYou will undertake research as required and will produce documents that provide advice, guidance or opinion which others will use or act upon.\n\n\nYou will be responsible for authorising invoices and the procurement of goods and services in accordance with internal procedures.\n\n\nYou will be responsible for identifying and managing reputational risks.\n\n\nYou will be involved in the development of organisation policy and may contribute to the development of strategy.\n\n\nYou will take responsibility for the safe and effective use of NRW equipment and information.\n\n\nWho you will be working with\n\n\nYou will interact with colleagues across the organisation, collaborating with others to provide efficient delivery of strategies and policies.\n\n\nYou will discuss technical/specialist policy issues with others.\n\n\nYou will facilitate and deliver presentations for internal and external meetings, providing advice as required.\n\n\nYou will lead specialist/technical staff through complex and/or highly technical/ specialist projects or programmes through a matrix management structure.\n\n\nYou will mentor less experience colleagues.\n\n\nWhere you will be working\n\n\nYour role will be primarily office based but may entail travel between different office locations, as well as working at partner organisations and other premises.\n\n\nWhat knowledge and skills you need\n\n\nYou will have a recognised qualification, degree or equivalent experience.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nYou will demonstrate good mentoring skills.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9987145662307739}
+{"content": "How Killing Floor’s coolest mechanic made it in at the last minute\n\nKilling Floor 2 Preview\n\nAmidst the chaos of Killing Floor 2’s relentless zombie hordes, guts, gore, and strewn limbs, there’s an occasional moment of zen. A slow-motion effect called Zed Time phases in out of nowhere, the colour washes out, and you get some respite from the madness. It allows you the time to line up a series of pinpoint headshots, or reload your guns as you back away from a stampeding behemoth, while at the same time appreciating the over-the-top physics and buckets of grisly viscera soaring through the sky. \n\nIf you like making dead things deader, check our list of the best zombie games\n\nWhen the first Killing Floor was late into development, Tripwire Interactive’s president, John Gibson, was lying in bed, staring at his ceiling fan. “The first thought that popped into my head was ‘slow-motion zombie killing’,” Gibson says. “It was like a bolt out of the blue, really, and I couldn’t get the idea out of my head. I thought about it all morning. I really felt like it would be something amazing to experience as a player.”\n\nGibson could see it clearly in his head: The Matrix’s corridor scene and Max Payne’s slow-mo shootouts, in a game about tearing through hordes of zombies. It was the perfect fit. The only problem was that Killing Floor was due to launch in just two weeks. “At that point, developers really shouldn’t be adding new features to their games,” Gibson laughs. “That is the point in a project where devs are fixing final bugs, doing some balance tweaks, etc. We were so close to shipping that I didn’t even want to tell the other team members about the idea, because trying it would be so risky that late in development.”\n\nSo Gibson went to work on the feature on his own. He set a self-imposed deadline of one hour, and promised himself he would scrap the idea and never mention it to the team at all if he couldn’t meet it. In less than 60 minutes his slow-motion mechanic was up and running. It wasn’t long before he had the prototype working in multiplayer, watching his colleagues dodge projectiles, pop heads, and see their spent cartridges ejecting from their weapons in glorious slow-motion. Presented with it in action, the team decided to get to work on refining the idea for the impending release.\n\n“It really started with the idea to show off the awesome gunplay as well as the gore and ragdoll deaths in slow-motion,” Gibson explains. “At Tripwire, we’ve always felt that for weapons to feel powerful they need to impact on the enemy, and the ragdoll force when they are shot must feel very weighty and powerful. So the thought of seeing that in slow-motion was very exciting, and as it turned out it did look amazing. Once we played with it, though, we saw that it was such a great tool to give players a moment to catch their breath and regain their footing in the midst of all the carnage. We then built on it from there to add chaining of Zed Time to extend the length of the slow-motion, as well as building it into other parts of the game.”\n\nBut first, Tripwire had to fix up parts of the game engine that didn’t play nice with Zed Time, as well as figure out how to sync up the game’s audio for when the action slows, all in time for launch. You see, Zed Time slows the game to 20% speed, and the audio sounded awful when pitched down to match. The sweet spot for audio was 50%, but that made some of the weapons, particularly automatics, sound out of sync. With a little effort, they managed to fix this, and then introduced the distorted, time-warping sound effect, created by Dan “zYnthetic” Nassick, that triggers upon entering Zed Time. It was ready for launch. Given that the mechanic had been cobbled together in a matter of weeks, however, there was room for improvement. Which is where the sequel comes in.\n\nKilling Floor 2\n\n“In Killing Floor 2 it was much more challenging because we set out to resolve players’ biggest complaint from the first game – getting Zed Time when nothing was going on around them,” Gibson says. “No one likes slow-motion dramatic welding or slow-motion dramatic walking with no enemies around to shoot. So for Killing Floor 2 we implemented a system that would allow players that didn’t have any zed enemies around to continue at a normal time rate. It was extremely complex and challenging to implement, so much so we almost gave up several times. Slowing down the whole game in multiplayer wasn’t too hard. Slowing parts of the game down in multiplayer while other players continue at normal speed was really challenging. We had problems with the physics system, networking, effects, etc. But we persisted and the end result made Zed Time in Killing Floor 2 so much more enjoyable.”\n\nZed Time is triggered by a random chance on every enemy kill, so their distribution is sporadic. It leads to some incredible moments when you, for example, find yourself scanning a torso as it slowly flies off the map in the midst of a smoky rocket explosion. Or when the effect triggers on an ally’s kill and you’re mid-jump, allowing you to twist and pull of a seemingly impossible headshot. It’s incredibly slick, and I can’t imagine Killing Floor 2 being anywhere near as enjoyable without it. Obviously, it helps that it also creates those gory moments of visual spectacle, allowing you to savour the aftermath of your melee decapitations.\n\n“The chance increases as the player does things that the system thinks will look cool for them to see in slow motion – blasting a zed with a shotgun up close, getting a headshot, killing multiple zeds at the same time,” Gibson explains. “The system also looks at how long it has been since Zed Time was triggered. The longer it has been, the higher the chance that Zed Time will occur, until it is basically guaranteed to happen. This system has worked out pretty well, with having Zed Time spread out to an interval that feels good for the player but also not rigidly happening at exact intervals.”\n\nWhile some shooters get their kicks from damage numbers, colour-coded loot, and other methods of visual feedback, Killing Floor 2 keeps you coming back with its surprise slow-mo gibs. While structurally similar, I think that’s what elevates Killing Floor 2 above Call of Duty’s various zombie modes. It’s the excess, the carnage, and how the pacing is impacted by Zed Time. Who doesn’t like suddenly being rained on by falling entrails? Eh? EH? It is genius. Honestly, I’m considering investing in a ceiling fan.\n\n{\"schema\":{\"page\":{\"content\":{\"headline\":\"How Killing Floor’s coolest mechanic made it in at the last minute\",\"type\":\"news\",\"category\":\"killing-floor-2\"},\"user\":{\"loginstatus\":false},\"game\":{\"publisher\":\"Tripwire Interactive\",\"genre\":\"Early Access\",\"title\":\"Killing Floor 2\",\"genres\":[\"Early Access\",\"Indie\",\"Free to Play\",\"FPS\",\"Survival\"]}}}}", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5173441171646118}
+{"content": "Current Local Time\n\nUTC/GMT Offset Actual offset : UTC/GMT 0 hour\nNo offset at this time\nCoordinates Latitude : 18° 09' north\nLongitude : 15° 58' west\nAstronomic Observations Sunrise at : 07:16 am\nTransition hout : 12:51 pm\nSunset at : 06:26 pm\nDuration of day : 11 hours\nCivil twilight start at : 06:53 am\nCivil twilight end at : 06:49 pm\n\nSpeaking clock Information\n\nAlexander Bain, Scottish clockmaker, patented the electric clock in 1840\nThe electric clock's mainspring is wound either with an electric motor or with an electro-magnet and armature\nIn 1841, he first patented the electromagnetic pendulum.\nTime in these cases is measured in several ways, such as by the vibration of a tuning fork, the behaviour of quartz crystals, or the quantum vibrations of atoms\nHow clocks work\nThe invention of the mechanical clock in the 13th century initiated a change in timekeeping methods from continuous processes, such as the motion of the gnomon's shadow on a sundial or the flow of liquid in a water clock, to repetitive oscillatory processes, like the swing of a pendulum or the vibration of a quartz crystal, which were more accurate.[28] All modern clocks use oscillation.\nAlthough the methods they use vary, all oscillating clocks, mechanical and digital and atomic, work similarly and can be divided into analogous parts. They consist of an object that repeats the same motion over and over again, an oscillator, with a precisely constant time interval between each repetition, or 'beat'\nThe pulses are then added up in a chain of some type of counters to express the time in convenient units, usually seconds, minutes, hours, etc\nThen finally some kind of indicator displays the result in a human-readable form.\nThis provides power to keep the clock going.\nIn mechanical clocks, this is either a weight suspended from a cord wrapped around a pulley, a pendulum, or a spiral spring called a mainspring.\nelectric clocks, it is either a battery or the AC power line.\nSince clocks must run continuously, there is often a small secondary power source to keep the clock going temporarily during interruptions in the main power\nIn old mechanical clocks, a maintaining power spring kept the clock turning while the mainspring was being wound\nIn quartz clocks that use AC power, a small backup battery is often included to keep the clock running if it is unplugged temporarily from the wall.\n\nSource : Wikipedia", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9749871492385864}
+{"content": "Art, Featured, Inspiration\n\n10 Top Modern Artists to Get Inspired\n\nTop Modern Artist To Get inspired\n\nIn the post-industrial revolution world, modernist art has been partly in response to the rapidly changing and improving conditions of life.\n\nThe term “modern art” describes visual arts developed between the 1860’s up until the 1970s, wherein artists often made use of vastly new subject matter, materials and made use of brand-new working techniques to better capture the changes and the hopes and dreams of our modern societies.\n\nThe following round-up list contains some of the top modern artists to inspire you. Gustave Courbet, Vincent van Gogh, Frida Kahlo, etc. are just some of the artists in our history who have created impressive and long-lasting impressions on our art in modernity.\n\nDifference between Modern Art and Contemporary Art\n\nGustave Courbet (born in 1819)\n\nConsidered to be the beginning of Realism in 19th century France, Courbet’s work remains one of Realism’s most well-known exponents. Born in Ornans, he exhibited his work at the Paris Salon in 1844, although the nature of his art meant that his reputation worsened over the years.\n\nHis art often made use of a heavy, impasto (Italian for “mixture”) style painting, where he used the palette knife to create strokes in the paint and is included in the list of some of the top modern artists to get inspired.\n\nAfter being rejected from exhibiting his work in Paris’ Exhibition Universelle in 1855, Courbet staged his own art show in a tent-like structure to showcase his realist work.\n\nPaul Cezanne (born in 1839)\n\nPaul Cezanne one of the Top Modern Artists To Get Inspired\n\nPossibly one of the greatest Post-Impressionist painters, Cezanne’s work proved to influence many of the aesthetics of the 20th-century artists and art movements, most notably that developed by Picasso and Braque.\n\nAn avid inventor whose practice challenged many of the conservative art ideals of his time, Cezanne forwent his impasto painting style in 1877 and developed a new styled he penned “constructive brushstrokes”, which aimed to give more depth and gradation to his art forms.\n\n21 most famous paintings by Paul Cezanne\n\nVincent Van Gogh (born in 1853)\n\nVincent Van Gogh Top Modern Artist\n\nPerhaps one of the top modern artists in all of art’s history and certainly one of the most well-known, Vincent van Gogh was a dutch post-impressionist painter who painted almost 2100 artworks during his relatively short life.\n\nHaving committed suicide at the age of 37 due to his mental health, van Gogh completed most of his work during a 10-year period. Encompassing a wide range of subject matter, he painted a variety of portraits, self-portraits, landscapes, and still lives, usually using strong, bright colors and dramatic and expressive brushstrokes that form a basis for much of the modern art scene today.\n\nCheck it out 25 famous painting and artworks by Vincent Van Gogh\n\nHilma af Klint (born in 1862)\n\nHilma af Klint modern artist\n\nA Swedish artist whose paintings often extended into her interests in mysticism and spirituality,\n\nKlint’s artwork is often considered some of the first examples of Western abstract art. Perhaps paintings can also be seen to represent her spiritual paths of meaning, this the result of her inclusion in a group known as “The Five”; a group advocating attempts to contact beings called “The High Masters” by meditation and seances.\n\nVery few comparisons can be made against Klint as her artwork goes along paths many have not followed.\n\nPablo Picasso (born in 1881).\n\n Pablo Picaso top modern artist to get inspired Born in Spain but most often associated with France, Picasso produced work across a wide variety of genres and could possibly be number one on the list of top modern artists of the modern era. This is due to his role in the development of Cubism and a variety of other achievements including the beginning of the collage form, formation of constructed sculpture, and several other techniques and styles he is credited with working on.\n\nBest known for his works Les Demoiselles d’Avignon in 1907 and Guernica in 1937, much of his works can be split into different periods; in 1901-1904, the blue period; in 1904-1906, the rose period; in 1907-1909, the African-influenced period; in 1909-1912, the analytic cubism period; and1912-1919, the synthetic cubism period.\n\nCheck out the famous artworks by Pablo Picasso\n\nGeorgia O’Keeffe (born in 1887)\n\nOne of the artists of the American modernist movement, O’Keeffe was most well-known for her role in the development of a one-of-a-kind visual vocabulary. Her art form and this visual vocabulary mostly exhibited enlarged flowers along with New York skyscrapers, and towards the end of her life with landscapes of New Mexico, where she moved and lived.\n\nEarly on in her career, she learned the artistic ideas of the esoteric artist Arthur Dow, most known for working with the principles of subjective vision and interpretation.\n\nFrida Kahlo (born in 1907)\n\nKahlo was a Mexican painter whose artistic themes often reflected her own personal life story alongside her imagination.\n\nWho is Frida Kahlo?\n\nClose to a third of Kahlo’s work consisted of self-portraits and may often have referenced her difficult early life, her relationships, and her chronic illness. Her artistic work regularly drew on many elements of popular Mexican culture where she made use of a folkish, naïve art style to convey her unreal and imagined worlds.\n\nFrida Kahlo’s famous artworks\n\nFrancis Bacon (born in 1909)\n\nMost well-known for painting some of the most disquieting works of the 20th century, Bacon’s art is often best understood as considering the figurative horrors of modern life. He painted on a vast array of subject matter, from crucifixions to self-portraits to Popes seemingly in anguish. Due to his style, he never fit into any one artistic movement but is often seen as part of the diverse School of London with many other artists who have become acclaimed as a part of modernist painting.\n\nJason Pollock (born in 1912)\n\nPollock, once dubbed the “greatest living artist” in 1951 by Life Magazine, made his artistic breakthrough in the 1940’s when he began to lay his canvasses horizontally on his floor. As one of the largest stylistic inventions of the 20th century, Pollock created drip paintings, use his body movements to drip enamel paint on his canvas from above. As a painting of abstraction in line and form, Pollock wanted his work to be understood as not representing anything that could be seen in the world\n\nAndy Warhol (Born 1928)\n\nCredited for his fundamental work at the beginning of the pop art movement, Andy Warhol lived and exemplified the pop art life in both his personal and public personas. His work was most interested in the position of images and that of mass media throughout American society. Even today, his popular and valuable silkscreens of popular cultural icons such as Marilyn Monroe and consumer icons such as Campbell’s soup provide a unique snapshot into the American culture of the time.\n\n7 Famous Andy Warhol Artworks\n\n\nMany artists throughout history have made valuable contributions to modern art and it would be amiss to suggest that this list of exhaustive. Here are some of the top modern artists to get inspired.\n\nThere are indeed many more artists throughout the years not covered by this list.\n\nOur reflection on top modern artists from our history and the artistic expressions of those from our past is essential, should we understand the influence these have had on the art styles and expressions of those artistic practitioners amongst us today.\n\nThe Most Loved Art Stories by Our Readers\n\nAbout The Artist Editorial\n\n\nRelated Posts", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9995445609092712}
+{"content": "10 Professions That Have The Most Psychopaths\n\nLike it or not, psychopaths are all around you. We’re not trying to freak you out; Hannibal Lecter probably isn’t hiding under your ottoman, waiting for you to let your guard down (although you might want to check, just in case). However, if you work in certain industries, there’s a pretty decent chance that you’ll come into contact with a few psychopaths every week.\n\n“Silence of the Lambs” (1991)/ Orion Pictures\n\nBefore we delve into the science, let’s get our terms straight. “Sociopathy” and “psychopathy” are essentially the same thing, although “psychopath” has a more negative connotation and is often applied to people who’ve committed crimes.\n\n“The terms ‘psychopath’ or ‘sociopath’ are actually more descriptive rather than clinical,” says Laura L. Walsh, PsyD, in an email to Urbo. “They are used as a sort of shorthand to refer to patterns in types of behaviors towards individuals or groups that are generally harmful. It describes a person who meets impairment criteria in personality development and function.”\n\n\nThe most well-known trait of a so-called psychopath is a lack of empathy, though that doesn’t mean that psychopaths aren’t capable of having a deep understanding of emotional communication. Psychopaths are thought to make up only 1 percent of the general population but up to 25 percent of the prison population.\n\n“In general, mental health workers define psychopaths as those who lack empathy and commit crimes or other hurtful acts,” says Laura Dabney, MD, a psychiatrist in Virginia Beach. “In other words, what stops most of us from committing hurtful acts is our sense of guilt. We can empathize with the one hurt, we know how that feels, and we don’t want to cause another to feel that way.”\n\nPsychopaths can’t empathize with others, which often leads to distressing behaviors.\n\nGranted, some people with ASPD follow the law, help others, and improve society, but even though psychopaths are relatively rare, they’re thought to be responsible for over half of all serious crime.\n\n\nEven so, psychologists often have trouble studying the extent of the disorder since psychopathic individuals don’t always seek treatment, particularly if they’re fairly successful.\n\n“Oftentimes, people with [ASPD] commit crimes, have histories of broken relationships, and generally struggle with effects of early trauma,” Walsh says. “Very few people are actually diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder.”\n\nThe diagnostic criteria for ASPD lists behaviors such as not conforming to social norms or lawful behaviors, repeated lying or conning other people for personal gain, and indifference to having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from others. Those with ASPD tend to be motivated by personal gratification “without authentic care or concern for others’ feelings, needs, or suffering,” says Walsh, and they “lack the capacity for truly intimate and vulnerable relationships.”\n\nA typical psychopath will lie, deceive, and exploit others, sometimes acting impulsively with disproportionate rage or irritability. In most situations, those personality traits are big drawbacks.\n\nThe key word, of course, is “most.”\n\nNaturally, psychopaths are drawn to certain professions more than others.\n\nMental health professionals are quite interested in studying “functional” psychopaths, but as Walsh notes, that’s difficult when a relatively low number of people with ASPD are actually diagnosed.\n\n[pullquote align=”center”]When we start to examine leaders, it becomes evident that in some professions, especially in leadership positions, having less empathy is an [advantage] when making difficult choices.[/pullquote]\n\n“That’s where ‘traits’ [associated with ASPD] come in,” she says. “When combined with other factors such as education, intelligence, affluence, and opportunity, psychologists and other mental health providers can see ‘sub-clinical’ flavors of these same characteristics in otherwise highly functioning individuals.”\n\n\nIn other words, by looking for certain characteristics, psychologists can identify the psychopaths. Pretty cool, right?\n\n“When we start to examine leaders, it becomes evident that in some professions, especially in leadership positions, having less empathy is an [advantage] when making difficult choices,” Walsh says. “There are certain professions with tasks or roles that are attractive to someone with traits of [ASPD] and others that, while attractive, require skills either the person does not have or would require too much energy to imitate.”\n\n\nWe asked for an example, and she had one ready.\n\n“Take a psychologist seeing clients,” she writes. “The generally attractive qualities [to psychopaths] include believing they are the center of the sessions, wielding power as an authority figure, and feeding an empty self-esteem through the admiration of colleagues.”\n\n\nSo are psychologists psychopaths? Probably not, Walsh says (although, to be fair, she would say that if she were a psychopath).\n\n“Success in this profession depends on displays of empathy, which must be ‘faked,’ integrity, and consistency,” she notes. Antisocial people probably wouldn’t find themselves sitting in a psychiatrist’s office—unless, of course, they were seeking treatment.\n\n\nAccording to psychologist Kevin Dutton’s 2012 book, The Wisdom of Psychopaths: What Saints, Spies, and Serial Killers Can Teach Us About Success, these 10 careers have the highest proportion of psychopaths:\n\n  1. CEO\n  2. Lawyer\n  3. Media (TV/radio)\n  4. Salesperson\n  5. Surgeon\n  6. Journalist\n  7. Police officer\n  8. Clergy\n  9. Chef\n  10. Civil servant\n\nWe should note that the list is six years old, and it’s based on the author’s own “Great British Psychopath Survey,” which is sort of like The Great British Baking Show, except substitute antisocial behaviors for the cupcakes, and…okay, it’s not really anything like it.\n\nDutton tested a (fairly) random selection of people from various professions for signs of psychopathy.\n\nWe reached out to him for more information, but he wasn’t able to comment for this story. He’s a respected psychologist and a professor at the University of Oxford, and his research methods seem sound.\n\nStill, we wanted a second opinion, so we decided to run his list by Walsh to get her perspective. She says that each listed profession has one more traits that might attract a psychopathic individual.\n\nCEO (and other C-level positions): “[In those positions], making hard decisions that negatively impact others are celebrated and rewarded, especially in certain industries,” Walsh says.\n\nOf course, CEOs can often succeed by acting irrationally—as venture capitalist Bryan Stolle once noted, “starting a company is an irrational act” in the first place.\n\n\nClergy: “Charismatic speakers may not always believe or practice what they preach, but those with ASPD traits thrive on the power of gaining followers,” Walsh says.\n\nOf course, plenty of perfectly wonderful people work as clergy, but the profession does seem to provide predators and antisocial personalities with a convenient infrastructure, as Joe Navarro pointed out in a piece for Psychology Today.\n\nCareers in media and journalism, by the way, have a similar advantage: They provide psychopaths with access to the public while rewarding certain types of risk-taking behaviors.\n\nGovernment Officials: “At all levels of bureaucracy, from senators to DMV clerks, there are small ways to gain and exercise power over others in legitimate ways,” Walsh says.\n\n\nAnd while empathy would seem to be a benefit in the world of politics, psychopaths would still have advantages, since they’re capable of telling half-truths and outright lies in order to gain positions of power.\n\nNeed a famous example? Psychologist David Lykken once wrote:\n\nYoichi Okamoto (Via) Wikipedia Commons\n\n“[President] Lyndon Johnson exemplified [antisocial personality disorder]. He was relatively fearless, shameless, abusive of his wife and underlings, and willing to do or say almost anything required to attain his ends.”\n\nSales and Advertising: “By focusing on a product and numbers, traits of [ASPD] can be expressed unchecked through the vehicle of doing the job.”\n\n\nWalsh also says that data security professionals and other IT specialists benefit from a similar career structure that draws in psychopaths.\n\n“[Data security] and other computer science jobs are precise, goal-oriented positions,” she notes. “It is easily rationalized that pursuit of the task at hand is priority over all else, including other people.”\n\nMilitary: “Certain military tasks, as well as the higher ranks, run the risk of pulling out these problematic traits,” Walsh says. “Most people are able to keep a balance by focusing on the bigger picture. That shifts when the bigger picture is you.”\n\n\nIn other words, the military might create the right conditions for psychopathy. One 2010 study showed that trauma survivors with PTSD showed a lower empathetic response than non-traumatized individuals, and researchers noted that “no clear indications of other impairments in social cognitive functions were found.”\n\nSurgeons: To us, this seemed unintuitive; how could any physician have a complete lack of empathy for their patients?\n\n\n“[The profession of surgery] is somewhat unique, as the reward is on outcomes, not on bedside manner,” Walsh explains. “We often give the surgeon a ‘pass’ on their behavior, allowing the ego-centricity to go unchecked.”\n\nStock Brokers: “Money—and the ability to make money for others—is intoxicating to some,” says Walsh, in what is perhaps the greatest understatement in the history of this website.\n\n“In the finance culture, there’s a lot someone with these traits can get away with as long as they are producing for their clients.”\n\n\nWe’d like to emphasize one crucial point: Even if you recognize some of the traits of psychopathy in a coworker, you shouldn’t be tempted to categorize them as such. Remember, highly trained mental health professionals often have trouble identifying people with ASPD—you certainly can’t make an accurate diagnosis after reading a quick article.\n\nWith that said, we’re glad to see that “writer” didn’t make the list. Hopefully, researchers don’t do a similar investigation of careers that attract neurotics.\n\nMore from author\n\nRelated posts\n\n\nLatest posts\n\nCaring For Houseplants: Tips, Tricks And Products You Need\n\n\n\n\nSalvation Mountain And The Last Free City\n\n\nWant to stay up to date with the latest news?\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9649317264556885}
+{"content": "Cards you may also be interested in\nArdra Nakshatra\nArdra Nakshatra As per the Hindu astronomical beliefs, Ardra nakshatra is considered to be the “goddess of fortune”. Ardra nakshatra’s star formation corresponds to the Betelgeuse star. It appears to be brobdingnagian star in the sky and is one of the most dazzling stars. Ardra nakshatra is dominated by the Mithuna rashi. Basic Information About Ardra Birth Star The cardinal meaning of Ardra is wet or charged with water. Natives of Ardra nakshatra are very much affected by Rudra or Shiva. On one hand Shiva is even-tempered and tranquil and is considerate towards the well being of the universe, while on the other hand Shiva is also known as the annihilator or the destructor. Shiva drank all the poison that was thrown out as one of the products of ‘Samudra Manthan’, to protect the whole world from its hazardous consequences. And at the same time when he loses his temper, his ‘Tandav’ can pulverize the whole world into ashes. Natives of Ardra nakshatra are found to carry these attributes in their core. General Characteristics Of Ardra Nakshatra It is believed that natives of this nakshatra carry the traits of a child and therefore they undergo extremities of emotion like those of utmost happiness or extreme misery. One of the important behavioral attributes of the natives of Ardra nakshatra is the transformation of emotions that they undergo and it may produce cognizance or state of bewilderment. These are the type of people who like to scrutinize and probe the reasons behind a particular event that takes place. Some behavioral traits that make natives of Ardra nakshatra attractive and charming are their empathy towards others and their obliging nature. The probing nature of these natives proves to be the most conspicuous and defining personality attributes of the people of this category. Even children show these traits, who manifest this nature pretty clearly and vocally. They are industrious individuals who work to seek their goals with hundred percent commitment and convert them to achievements and success. This specific personality trait of theirs makes them successful in their professional life.\nPurvashada Nakshatra\nNakshatra Purvashada Purvashada Nakshatra is the twentieth of all the nakshatras which range from 13:20 to 26:40 degrees in the Sagittarius sign. Purvashada nakshatra is governed by Apas, the goddess of water. This signifies to people who are good at maintaining their relationship with people especially their friends and spouse. What Does Purvashada Nakshatra Signify? The position of Purvashada nakshatra is at the 20th from all the 27 nakshatras, based on the Vedic astrological beliefs. This nakshatra is called Jal nakshatra because of its characteristics. The planet Venus rules over nakshatra. Therefore, the natives born under this nakshatra have a strong influence on this planet over their lives and it also affects their personality traits. The nakshatra is ruled by the planet Venus and has the symbol of the tusk of an elephant. It comes under the caste of Brahmana and is considered Manushya gana. More About Purvashada Nakshatra The natives of Purvashada nakshatra are generally very kind-hearted people who are honest and will help those who ask for them. This makes them a very positive reputation in their society and they are known to everyone due to their popularity. Purvashada nakshatra can easily be found amongst the constellation as it is formed by two stars making a right angle. It can more clearly be seen especially in April month at dawn or in the early morning. Its shape is very similar to an elephant tusk.\nNakshatra Uttara Bhadrapada\nNakshatra Uttara Bhadrapada Uttara Bhadrapada Nakshatra is the twenty-fifth of all the nakshatra which ranges from 3:20 degrees to 16:40 in the Pisces sign. Uttara Bhadrapada Nakshatra is governed by Ahir Budhya, the dragon of the depths of the atmosphere. This signifies to people who have very good oratory skills, are truthful and love children. What Does Uttara Bhadrapada Nakshatra Signify? The Uttara Bhadrapada nakshatra lies between two constellations; Pegasus and Andromeda. The literal meaning of the name ‘Uttara Bhadrapada’ is ‘someone who is lucky’ or ‘having a lucky foot. The governing deity of this nakshatra is AhirBudhnya and its ruling planet is Saturn. The nakshatra is ruled by the planet Saturn and has the symbol of the back legs of the funeral cot. It comes under the caste of Kshatriya and is considered of Manushaya gana. More About Uttara Bhadrapada Nakshatra Uttara Bhadrapada nakshatra is associated with wealth and success, power and marital bliss. All this makes up for the characteristics and features of this nakshatra. This nakshatra is also blessed with features of ‘Vano Prastha’ and ‘Varshodyamana Shakti’. ‘Vano Prastha’ here means breaking the shackles of materialistic needs as well as freeing your soul from worldly offerings. Whereas, ‘Varshodyamana Shakti’ means the power to cause rainfall. Both of these features are very powerful and when bestowed to only one person, it becomes unparalleled. Character Analysis Of Uttara Bhadrapada Nakshatra The natives born under Uttara Bhadrapada are a mix of qualities that are contradictory to each other. They have a high determination level towards their work and tasks. However, they are also lazy to get up and complete their work. They have a strong influence on the planet Saturn. Due to this influence, they are very moody and their dominating personality traits often switch from one to another. They are also very unpredictable and it is very tough to guess what goes inside their brain. Although these natives are very kind and often run through reasonability, they can also be violent sometimes, and when it happens, no one could stop them.\nAshwini Nakshatra\nAshwini Nakshatra The first constellation of a zodiac belt, Ashwini Kumara is symbolic of golden Armored twins with horse heads. Just like a horse, the natives have power, strength, dignity, speed, courage and are also endowed with vitality and initiative. They are too quick and pioneers of ideas and activities. These untamed horses are the least likely to tell what needs to be done and always focus on self improvement.  Very few of you would know that they are the doctors of God, the friends of the sick and unhappy. With Ketu, the South Node as the governor of Ashwini Nakshatra, this constellation reflects the dynamics of Ketu. It may not be wrong to call it spontaneous stars. No wonder Ashwini Kumaras are full of sincerity and active intelligence. Ashwini Nakshatra Male Characteristics Males born in Ashwini Nakshatra will almost always have a beautiful face and large, bright eyes. Their forehead will be wide and the nose tends to be large. However, he will be grateful to those who love him and will go to any lengths to do anything for them. Without a doubt, he is the best friend you can have when you desperately need him. Having patience even in times of great danger makes you special. But it will be a difficult task to control him when he leaves. Counting his strength, he can give you the best guide, but he fears criticism to the point of becoming paranoid; he feels that people may be up to dirty things against him. Ashwini Nakshatra Male: Occupation Related Field Jack of all trades and master of none is the best choice for the natives of Ashwini Nakshatra. As natives they are good at almost all kinds of tasks, but they are not the master of any of them. He loves music and nurtures literary ambitions. However, you will have to fight until your 30s, but thereafter, you will experience continuous progress until 55. On the financial front, you are very tight-fisted, and yet somehow you are always running out of money. Ashwini Nakshatra Male: Congeniality And Family Life He loves his family with devotion, but may be subjected to humiliation from them because he is so inflexible. Furthermore, he fails to win the love and affection of his father. If he seeks help. It is likely that he comes from his maternal uncles. His friends will help you even more. He usually marries between the ages of 26 and 30 and will have more sons than daughters.\nAnalysis Of Corona Pandemic\nAnalysis Of Corona Pandemic What is Corona? As per WHO, it is an infectious disease. Most of the infected people are facing respiratory illness. Children, Older people, pregnant women and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, high blood pressure and cancer patients are more likely to develop serious illness. What is the best way to prevent from medical perspective? 1. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based liquid, rub hands frequently and not touching your face. 2. Maintain distance & always wear mask because its colloquial dieses.  Why Corona pandemic arose now? 1. Dragon Head & Dragon tail stay 1.5 years in one Rashi. From 6th November 2019 Dragon Head transit to Adra Nakshatra in Gemini which is rashi of Mercury & Dragon tail transit to Moola Nakshatra in Sagittarius which is rashi of Jupiter. Here Dragon Head & Dragon tail both is exhaled as per Vedic astrology. As there is impact of Dragon Tail so still our beautiful world don’t have any medicine against the virus. On the other hand, thank god as Dragon Head gives temporary things only, so there is hope that this virus will not be able to sustain for longer time. 2. As Gemini is airy sign so the dieses in spreading in huge speed. As Mercury is a child planet & lord of Gemini, so it’s affecting children. 3. From 10th January 2020 Jupiter & Dragon tail combusted & the good effect of Jupiter got reduced. As Jupiter has reduced its power so it’s affecting the people with Diabetes, high blood pressure etc dieses. 4. From 25th January 2020 Saturn moved to Capricorn which is 6th house from Gemini i.e. the house of dieses. As Saturn is senior most planets so it’s affecting senior most people.\nBaby Birth Horoscope\nBaby Birth Horoscope  When a child is born in a family, it is the period filled with happiness and blessings. They make the family complete. Therefore, the arrival of children in the couple’s life is considered as an extraordinary moment for them. From the moment a child is born or even before, a parent’s most concern arises regarding the life of their newborn. Therefore, certain rituals are followed in Hindu culture at the time of the birth of a child. One of the most important of those rituals is the naming ceremony, where an expert astrologer prepares the kundli of the child. In the naming ceremony, an auspicious and appropriate name is chosen for the newborn. In the Hindu culture, the suitable name for the child is calculated with the norms of Vedic astrology. The name is selected according to the nakshatra or the birth start which is calculated by an expert astrologer. Nakshatra holds huge importance while naming a child. That is why every parent should know the Janma Nakshatra of their children before assigning them names. Nakshatra is the position of the planets at the time and date of the birth of a person. The Janam Nakshatra is calculated based on the birthday, time, and place of the newborn. These details are used to find out the first letter of the name for the baby. If you are curious about the future of your child, want to know about the key personality traits they will possess, what kind of person they will be, then you can take the help of Baby Horoscope Predictions’. ‘Baby Horoscope’ is a full-fledged report with astrological calculators that offers details about that nakshatra which an expert astrologer can use at the time of name predictions. When the astrologer gets an insight into the future of the child, it helps them suggest a better name for them according to their personality.\nHasta Nakshatra\nHasta Nakshatra Hasta positions as the 13th nakshatra, in the zodiac consisting of 27 birth stars. The glitteringly powerful arena of ‘Surya deva’ –the governing deity, as its power source, it is controlled by planetary power of the moon. Basic Information About Hasta Nakshatra It is present in the centre of zodiac of Virgo, with a potent symbol of a fist. Hasta nakshatra owns the generic characteristics of luster, luminosity, brilliance, strength, beauty and knowledge, as the inherent power from its planetary and divine lord. It is not only symbolized by a fist but also embodies its strength, togetherness and power in character. Hasta nakshatra stands for conquest, knowledge, wisdom and control, projecting the magical sway of hand. General Characteristics Of Hasta Nakshatra Natives who are born under the influence of hasta nakshatra have the attributes of sincerity, loyalty and kindness in their personality. These natives are also appreciated for their sprightliness, exuberance and generosity. They are gigantic, personable and robust in their appearance, they also emanate strength, calmness and savoir faire in their attributes. In addition to which they are kind, helpful and are also oriented towards craftsmanship and actions. Their behavioral traits display the perfect example of firmness and constancy of purpose. They have the strength to exercise power and control, using their generosity and action. It is atypical of Hasta natives to overpower by way of duress. On the other hand they will use their intrinsic characteristics of wisdom, action and knowledge to control a situation. Thus are exceptionally fine tuned in their behavior and dealing.Although they possess calm composure, they do exhibit firmness and independence in their decisions.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8621062636375427}
+{"content": "Investing in emerging markets – is it worth the risk?\n\n\n\nThough there’s no single measure for what an emerging country is, one common metric uses gross domestic product (a common measure of income) per person. The richest countries are labelled as advanced or developed, with the remaining countries classified as either ‘emerging’, or for the lowest income, ‘developing’. The International Monetary Fund, commonly known as the IMF, maintains its own classification list of advanced, emerging and developed economies.\n\nGiven that developed or advanced countries make up 88% of the global stock markets, it may surprise you to learn how few of them there are. The smallness of their relative share of the global economy is eye-opening too. To highlight the growing importance of emerging markets for the global economy, we’ll look at some data provided by the IMF.\n\nThe IMF define only 39 countries (20%) as advanced economies, with the remaining countries either emerging or developing. These 39 countries represent 42% of the global economy: significantly lower than their share in the stock market. That’s a significant drop from the 62% share back in 1980, and the IMF predicts it will continue to fall. Put another way, despite representing just under an eighth of global stock markets, emerging and developing nations make up well over half the global economy. They’re expected to continue to grow at a faster rate, too: 6.7% in 2021, compared to an advanced economy growth rate of 5.1%.\n\nSo why does this matter?\n\nOver the longer periods of time in which it's generally advisable idea to hold your investments, the value of economies and the value of their stock markets tends to coalesce. Warren Buffet once described the Market Capitalisation to GDP ratio (a measure of this relationship) as the best single measure to determine if stock markets are over- or under-valued. The below graph from Factset shows how the share of emerging markets has grown over the last 30 years – from around 1% to 12% at the end of 2020. Given the share of the global economy, this trend is likely set to continue.\n\nFactset, 31 Dec 2020\n\nWhat about the risks?\n\nIt’s true that investing in emerging markets is risky. Recently, we’ve seen the Chinese market sustain large losses due to rising political risks, both domestically and internationally. In fact, despite the high growth rates and growing economies, emerging stock markets have underperformed over the last few years.\n\nHowever, when investing for retirement, saving for a child or even just putting away for a rainy day, your timeframe is often measured over decades rather than years.\n\nWe launched the VT AJ Bell Global Growth Fund in June 2018. Over the last three years to the end of July 2021, it has delivered a return of 26.1%. As well as being positioned towards high-growth sectors in the US, such as technology, just under a quarter is invested in emerging markets. That’s double the rate of global stock market indexes. We’ve positioned the fund much more closely to its economic share compared to traditional market indexes.\n\nDespite being the highest risk fund we offer, it’s proved popular with our customers, with assets approaching £100 million. So if you have a long time horizon, can tolerate significant drawdowns over periods of a year or more, and want to be positioned towards emerging countries that are a large and growing part of the global economy, the VT AJ Bell Global Growth fund could be for you.\n\nAJ Bell funds\n\nGet investing, and leave the hard work to us\n\nLearn more\n\nImportant information: The value of your investments can go down as well as up and you may get back less than you originally invested. These articles are for information purposes only and are not a personal recommendation or advice. If you’re unsure please consult a suitably qualified financial adviser.\n\najbell_matt_brennan's picture\nWritten by:\nMatt Brennan\n\nMatt Brennan is Head of Passive Portfolios at AJ Bell and is responsible for the day-to-day running of the AJ Bell funds. He has over six years’ experience in financial services, having previously worked at Brown Shipley as a Senior Fund Manager and Head of Fixed Income Research, with specific responsibility for managing a discretionary fixed income fund. He also formed part of a four-person fund management team that ran the company’s multi-asset funds. Matt graduated from the University of York with a first class Masters degree in Mathematics, and is a CFA Charter holder.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9508076310157776}
+{"content": "My role\n\n\nMen and women view 'quality of life' differently\n\nAn old adage states that 'money cannot buy happiness' and most people will agree that there is more to life than the pursuit of wealth. So, ask Jacqueline Scott, Jane Nolan and Anke Plagnol, what does make people happy and do the things that matter for one's happiness differ between people?\n\n\nSocial scientists have increasingly turned to the analysis of people's wellbeing, but there is still little consensus on what we mean by 'quality of life'.\n\nIn this study, we analyse what men and women consider to be important for their own quality of life. We further ask whether different things matter for different ages, and how far people change their views on quality of life before and after important life events, including the transition to partnership and parenthood.\n\nOur analysis is based on data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), a large scale survey which includes an open-ended question about individuals' perception of quality of life in 1997 and 2002. The use of responses to open-ended questions helps us understand what people perceive as important for quality of life and also to track how perceptions change across the life course, something few other studies have done.\n\n\nWe found that both genders rank health, family and finances highly (see table), but men place greater importance on finances and employment than women. Women, on the other hand, value family, friends and home comforts more than men do.\n\nHealth increasingly important\n\nThe importance of some aspects of one's quality of life changes with age. For instance, health is a more important factor from the mid-30s onwards which may reflect a growing awareness of declines in health. (Health becomes increasingly important for men and, by the age of 75+ is more important to them than to women of the same age.)\n\nOne respondent notes: 'If you've got your health that's all that's important.' The increasing importance of health may also indicate that health becomes more salient for people when they have children themselves and see their parents age. In most age groups women are more likely to With regards to their own health, older people often mention the importance of keeping their mobility and marbles.\n\nWill, 76, tells us: 'You need to have all your marbles; mobility is important and to have all your thinking facilities.' One of the most interesting findings to emerge from this research is that people often focus on those close to them when assessing what is important for their own quality of life. One survey respondent states 'I haven't got any quality [of life] at the moment as my husband has Alzheimer's.'\n\nThe importance of family for one's quality of life is recognized across gender and age groups. Paul, 27, notes: 'The family's the most important part of my life', while a 61 year old female respondent stresses the importance of 'Having family around you.'\n\nThe significance of one's family declines at old age and at the same time, the role of family in one's life changes.Young people mainly consider their families as the providers of moral and material support, which is reflected in the response of a 19 year old male who notes: 'My family looked after me for a lot of my life.'\n\nHowever, this view of family life changes as people start to form their own families. In the 26-45 age group, women often refer to the importance of children's wellbeing while men focus more on their role as breadwinners. Luke, 41, notes that for him, quality of life means: 'A secure job [which] enables me to buy things for my family.'\n\nSociety not more materialistic\n\nContrary to the common belief that our society is becoming more and more materialistic, those who mention finances as an important aspect for their quality of life mostly refer to 'Having enough money not to have to struggle.' We did not find evidence that people in Britain are dreaming of winning the lottery, buying mansions and living a life of luxury.\n\nWhy do perceptions of quality of life change over the life course? Our study revealed that people often reassess what is important in their life after key life transitions, such as having a first child or getting married. In one example, a 29-year old man describes quality of life as 'being able to go out and enjoy yourself.' Five years later after the birth of his first child he is more interested in 'being with my family; they keep me happy; make me laugh.'\n\nIn another case, Eleanor's priorities in 1997 are 'giving up smoking, health generally, expanding my career, making myself money, my future generally.' After the birth of her son, however, her concerns are: 'my son and a good family life: that's all that's important to me.' These two examples demonstrate how for many people life transitions lead them to re-evaluate their priorities in life and focus more on those close to them.\n\nOverall, our research shows that quality of life is a process, not a fixed state. We also found gender differences between people's perceptions of what is important for their quality of life. There are qualitative differences in how men and women perceive the importance of aspects like family or finance, and these perceptions change markedly with age.\n\n  • The article first appeared in the newsletter for February 2009 of Genet, the ERSC's gender equality network.\n\nPage created on March 2nd, 2009\n\nPage updated on December 1st, 2009", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6950860023498535}
+{"content": "Time: 10:30 AM\nRm 312\nPresenter(s): Jaimee Sharp\nTitle: Utopia or Nightmare?: Milton's Paradise Lost and Joss WHedon's Angel\nDeveloped under the guidance of Dr. Elizabeth Rambo , English\n\nIn both John Milton’s Paradise Lost and Joss Whedon's series, Angel, apocalypses are depicted that change the nature of the world, and the knowledge and freedom of those who live in it. One approach to Milton’s narrative is the idea of the Felix Culpa, or fortunate fall, meaning that man’s fall and gaining of knowledge brought the promise of free will and redemption in Christ, along with an eventual return to paradise. In Angel, Whedon creates an Infelix Culpa, where demons seek to remove humanity’s free will and bring the promise of destruction and evil, returning the world to its original state, the garden of demon.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999522566795349}
+{"content": "Chế phẩm Sinh học\n\nProbiotics or probiotics are composed of a group of very different bacteria, beneficial for the survival and development of many other organisms, due to their natural symbiotic lifestyles, often found in the digestive systems of many species. animal.\n\nHiển thị 1–15 của 23 kết quả\n\nHOTLINE: 1900 986834", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9994876384735107}
+{"content": "Secret life of the cat - beyond and inside the cat flap\n\n\nHoldsworth Associates is working together with SureFlap, the microchip-operated pet door company, in their ‘Neighbourhood Cat Campaign’, a project aiming to tackle feline turf-wars. SureFlap is investigating the Secret Life of the Cat to find out more about these fascinating creatures.\n\nBeyond the flap your cat might have a secret life but many owners are also unaware of what is happening inside their homes. In a recent survey more than 40% of cat owners said their homes are entered by neighbourhood cats trying to gain attention, shelter, food or to attack the resident cat.\n\nJon Bowen, animal behaviour consultant at the Royal Veterinary College says, “In our research, 51.1% of households with an unsecured cat flap experienced some kind of feline home invasion.\n\nFor the resident cat this will be extremely stressful – a common trigger for behavioural problems and health issues such as cystitis and dermatological conditions.”\n\n“Don’t forget that this is only what the owners have seen. When cat owners are away from the home during the day or in bed at night they are unaware of what is happening.”\n\nThe stress this invasion can cause for such territorial animals is underestimated by owners, says Jon Bowen, and as a result many opportunities to improve cats’ wellbeing are being missed. \n\nThe results from the Neighbourhood Cat Campaign – which has surveyed over 1,000 cat owners and non-cat owners – has provided some fascinating insights into the secret lives of cats. 41.8% of those surveyed said their cat had been attacked in the garden by other cats and 36.6% said their pet had been chased back into the house. But even in their-own homes cats with unsecured cat flaps were still under threat, with 39.4% of these owners reporting that intruder cats stole food.\n\nThe research – led by Jon Bowen and supported by SureFlap, the microchip-operated pet door company – was prompted by concerns that dense urban cat populations were creating stress for cats. The findings will be used to help inform vets on feline behaviour in the neighbourhood, so they are better equipped to suggest remedies.\n\nJon explains that a cat’s territory is divided into sections, with the core home area being somewhere the cat should feel safe to eat, groom and sleep. “Outside, cats use scent marks, like scratching and urine spraying, to let other cats know when and where they will be in their territory at different times of day. This prevents cats from coming face-to-face with each other too often, so they don’t get into fights. Cats can coexist like this outdoors, but if a cat finds that its home has been invaded by another cat, it can be highly stressful.”\n\nThe research showed that cats that had received even minor injuries from fights with other cats were more likely to have health and behavioural issues. These cats had significantly higher incidences of hair loss, lameness, eye infections, coughs and sneezes and were four times more likely to spray in the house.\n\n\"The primary motivation for neighbourhood cats to invade a home seems to be to find food. There is a strong association between cats entering homes to find food and then fighting with the resident cats. It seems that many owners do not recognise that giving other people’s cats’ unrestricted access to their homes is creating stress for their pets. \n\n“When owners are aware of the link between intrusion and stress-related problems there are many measures they can take. The most obvious is installing a secure cat flap so that only the resident pet can access the house.  I would also suggest not allowing food to be placed near the cat flap. Cats have a strong sense of smell and often can even see the food bowl through the cat flap.”\n\nCauses of friction between neighbours were also investigated in this research. \n\n“A common annoyance for non-cat owners was cats toileting in their garden. 69.4% of non-cat owners stated this was a problem but only 9.8% of cat owners have ever received a complaint about it from a neighbour, so there is clearly a communication gap” says Jon. \n\nThere could be an easy solution to the problem; it was found that 85.3% of cat owners don’t provide an outside toilet in their own garden. Just digging a hole and filling it with sand and gravel for their pet to use could be the route to more harmonious living.\n\nA full report of the findings from the Neighbourhood Cat Campaign can be found on the SureFlap ( and Your Cat magazine ( websites. \n\n\nSummary of Neighbourhood Cat Campaign key findings and recommendations \n\nRecognising the signs that your cat may be under stress:\n\nCat density: if you see three or more different cats coming to the garden on a regular basis i.e. a couple of times a week, there is a greater chance of conflict with neighbourhood cats.\n\nOpen cat door: 24.8% of households who give their cats free access through a plain cat door experience home invasion and aggression.\n\nFood on show: there is a strong correlation between cats entering the house to find food and fighting with other cats.\n\nBehaviour: spraying in the house, becoming agitated when seeing a cat in the garden, hesitating by the cat door before going out were all significantly greater in animals that had previously been injured by other neighbourhood cats.\n\nPersonality: Mature adult cats or assertive and active males were more likely to get injured in fights.\n\n\nDon’t keep ‘open house’: do not encourage any cats into your home even if they are friendly.\n\nSecure access:  install a restricted access cat flap preferably a microchip-operated cat flap, as this doesn’t require the cat to wear a collar.\n\nEnrich your garden: resources such as an outdoor toilet, perches, large bushes and flower pots near the cat flap allow the pet to satisfy its needs closer to home and feel safer.  Encourage other cat-owning neighbours to do the same and the cats will stray less into each other’s territory.\n\nKnow your cat: sudden changes in behaviour can indicate that the cat is under stress.  Watch how confidently it leaves the house and returns.  Ensure it has a safe place to sleep uninterrupted.\n\nFeed ad lib:  providing continuous access to food allows cats to eat a little and often.  This will reduce the temptation for them to steal food from neighbours.\n\n\nTo read more information, click here.\n\n\nHoldsworth Associates", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6180459260940552}
+{"content": "Automated Part selection\n\nI was reading one of the silab blogs and came across an article that highlights some of the first hurdle electronics engineers come across from a design to design. Here is a snippet\n\nEvery electronic circuit need is different, however, and your solution to your problem will need specific circuits to solve that problem most efficiently and cost effectively.\n\nSo you have an idea for an electronic gadget…great! The trickiest step in the whole process is figuring out which electronic components, or parts, are needed to make up your circuits. This is not a step to be taken lightly. There are a billion ways to solve any problem and seemingly a billion parts out there to help you do it. First off, you have to find the components that make your solution possible, and then you will likely need to refine the design such that it is economically viable and power efficient. There are so many parts out there that it is hard for anyone to know all of the possible options. It takes a lot of research.\n\nOften, electronics designers stick to what they know and have experience working on from past projects. This is with good reason; part specifications can be long, confusing, and sometimes inaccurate documents. Designing with something that you already know can vastly improve the chances of the prototypes working in short order. However, technology is always moving forward, and new parts can combine functions of other parts or improve cost and performance over past technologies. “\n\n\nWell, these are problems that are easily solved with circuit tree.\n\nLet us consider a case where you need to start a new processor design. You will have to start by going through a lot of documentation, errata’s, reference design, check-lists to go through the design and then understand how to start designing new hardware. Imagine the effort it takes to create this design/idea into a product. With circuit tree it is simple, pick the processor you want to choose, select from a variety of peripherals and components, choose power requirements and the intelligent engine creates a design that you can download to use or further customize.\n\nCircuit tree now supports close to 1000 processors and a number of peripherals components. Generate instant schematic design and much-awaited pcb placement in a few minutes to bring your product closer to completion using the application.\n\nLogin to our server to check out the online EDA application. \n\nShort Introduction to Circuit tree\n\nCircuit-tree is a circuit board design software application having the intelligence of a hardware engineer to create embedded circuit board designs. It features more than 1000+ processors and controllers along with extended hardware peripheral library.\n\nHere is an introduction video to circuit tree:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5528715252876282}
+{"content": "Just a few days ago, we took a look at the Geekbench tesdollar series of the Intel Core i7-12700H mobile processor and compared it to the Apple M1 Max. Notebookcheck has apparently reached new details and test results about the unreleased Intel Alder Lake-P laptop CPU.\n\nThe new mobile processor appears to have 14 cores and 20 threads, the same as the Core i7-12800H and Core i9-12900H. The source of the leak claims that the data comes from the closed MSI tesdollarser, and the tesdollarserin is said to be made on a GE76 Raider laptop model.\n\nThe Core i7-12700H scored 689 points in the single-core Cinbench R20 and 7158 points in the multi-core test. Additionally, the mobile chip reportedly achieved 18501 points in the Cinebench R23 multi-core tesdollar series.\n\nBy comparison, the new Alder Lake CPU is 21% faster than the Ryzen 9 5900HX in the single-core CB20 test and 47% faster in both the R20 and R23 multi-core tesdollarser.\n\nSo far we have information about three Alder Lake-P models, all with the same core configuration, and you can see them in the table below. Intel is expected to unveil its 12th Gen Core Alder Lake-P and Alder Lake-M mobile processors at CES 2022, that is, in January.\n\nAnticipated Intel 12th Gen Alder Lake-P Mobile Processors\n\nArchitecture Core/Imprint P-Core Frequency TDP\nCore i9-12900HK Alder Lake-P (Intel 7)\n2. 9 / 5.0 GHz 45W+\nCore i7-12800H Alder Lake-P (Intel 7)\n2. 8 / ? GHz 45W\nCore i7-12700H Alder Lake-P (Intel 7)\n2. 7 / 4.6 GHz? 45W\n\nLike it? Share with your friends!\n\nMichael Lewis\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9987562894821167}
+{"content": "To grow Brave Boundaries, you need to pay attention to how you engage with others and what thoughts go through your mind.\n\nIn my 🌴 Tiny Island Tips, I shared just three of the common self-talk scenarios most of us engage in at some time:\n\n\n🌴 No more arguments with the lack you felt in the past!\n\n🌴 Let go of old limiting beliefs!\n\nAnd today…\n\n🌴 Let go of the fear that precedes everyday life!\n\nEven in a mindful life, conditioned belief will enter your mind when you are overwhelmed or tired. And it does nothing but harm. Your heart is the first to feel the internal conflict!\n\nBrave Boundaries can become your companions on your life’s path. \n\nI’m excited to finally share my powerful boundary practice with you in person!\n\nMy brand new Brave Boundaries Mini-Course is coming your way via the October Newsletter. You will learn my most powerful practice on how to embody your boundaries. Think about it, it’s not all about them, the people who trigger us, but also about us in how we are engaging with ourselves. \n\nSo, how does it work to embody something?\n\nIt’s just like when we say she/he embodies goodness, which means goodness is made visible through their body in the way she/he walk, smile, act, etc.  \n\nThe same happens with boundaries. If you embody them, you feel empowered,  you stand, walk, act differently and show the world through your body where you begin and end. \n\nCan’t wait to have my Brave Boundaries Mini-Course hop in your inbox!\n\nI’d love to hear from you.\n\n\nAlways with love,\n\nManuela 🌴✨🐘\n\n\nMake sure that you sign up here to receive my monthly newsletter and\n\ndownload my free\n\nMost loved 11 Tiny Island E-Book!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8947538137435913}
+{"content": "Marvel Database\n\n\nArcanna had been born with an aptitude for wielding magical energies. Where she learned to control these abilities is unknown but as an adult Arcanna worked as a medium. After marrying Phillip Jones, she decided to support her family by working as a professional crime fighter while her husband stayed home to raise their children. Her success as a crime fighter came to the attention of the Squadron Supreme, who asked her to join as their fifth recruit. The amount of time she was active is unknown, but she was with them during her pregnancy with her son Andrew.\n\nArcanna was present when both the Squadron and Defenders battled Overmind and Null the Living Darkness. The various members of the Squadron were mentally controlled by Overmind and was used by him as an elite fighting force with which he could control their world.[1]\n\nThe result of their interference with her world left it socially, politically and economically devastated, which prompted the Squadron to implement Power Princess's dream of a world wide Utopia.[2]\n\nDuring the beginning weeks of the Utopia Program, Arcanna learned that she was pregnant, but hid this fact so that the Squadron would not ask her to take on a less active role. As her pregnancy developed, she used her magical illusion powers to conceal the change in her figure.\n\nBenjamin Jones (Earth-712), Arcanna Jones (Earth-712), and Phillip Jones (Earth-712) from Squadron Supreme Vol 1 12 001.jpg\n\nWhen the Squadron battled Nighthawk and his Redeemers, Arcanna suddenly went into labor. The Shape abandoned the battle to rush her to the hospital, where her new born baby Benjamin Thomas Jones was delivered.[3]\n\nWhen the Squadron discovered the threat to Earth caused by the Nth Man, Arcanna wanted to join the Squadron in confronting the menace but was discouraged to do so as she had only given birth days earlier. Instead, Arcanna used her illusion powers to co-opt the identity of Moonglow, taking Benjamin along with her. Benjamin ultimately switched places with the Nth Man, and Arcanna and the other Squadron members were shunted to the mainstream Earth instead of returning to their own planet. During the Squadron's time on Earth, Arcanna maintained her Moonglow costume and code name, having revealed herself to her teammates.[4]\n\nUpon the Squadron's return to their own Earth, Arcanna returned to her family, who were saved from the new tyrannical regime of the Global Directorate thanks to the illusions Arcanna had placed on their home prior to her time with the Squadron. She was confronted by the enigmatic Mysterium (the Nth Man's new identity) to remain with her family and apart from the Squadron, as he cited cosmic reasons.[5]\n\nShe was back with the Squadron when they were pulled into a conflict with the Squadron of Earth-31916.[6]\n\nPowers and Abilities\n\n\n\n\n\nArcanna sometimes used a wooden staff to assist her with flying, much like a witch's flying broomstick. She could also use it as a weapon.\n\n\n  • Arcanna was created as a pastiche of DC Comics's Zatanna.\n\nSee Also\n\nLinks and References\n\n\nLike this? Let us know!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.585943341255188}
+{"content": "\n\n\nThis major cross-nationwide study, nevertheless, contains no Islamic nations and few nondemocratic nations (the totalitarian People’s Republic of China and authoritarian Nigeria). In a parochial political tradition, like Mexico, citizens are mostly uninformed and unaware of their authorities and take little interest within the political course of.political culture subject\n\nThese distinguishing traits of high power distance cultures usually throttle worker creativity and new ideas. Authorities packages associated to cultural beliefs in equality include President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal and President Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society.\n\nTraits of high energy distance cultures are – inequality among the many members in the society, lack of free communication throughout different ranges of the hierarchy and centralized management. As result of this research, Almond and Verba discerned three forms of political culture: Participant, Topic and Parochial.political culture subject", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9996917247772217}
+{"content": "Top Singapore court refuses to stop execution of man said to be mentally disabled\n\n\nNov. 8 (UPI) — Singapore’s top criminal court on Monday rejected a bid by a convicted drug trafficker to escape execution, but granted a brief stay so that a court hearing can examine claims that he is mentally disabled.\n\nNagaenthran Dharmalingam was convicted of attempting to smuggle more than 40 grams of heroin strapped to his leg in 2009. Under Singapore law, he was given a mandatory death sentence for the crime.\n\n\nDharmalingam, 33, has been appealing his case for years since Singapore altered a criminal law to give judges an option to instead sentence offenders to life in prison.\n\nDharmalingam’s attorneys have argued that he has an intellectual disability, a low IQ and said he had the mental capacity of a child when he committed the crime 12 years ago.\n\nMonday, SIngapore’s High Court dismissed the effort to overturn the death sentence. High Court Justice See Kee Oon said that there’s no credible basis for the disability claim.\n\nThe court did, however, stay the execution for a court hearing on Tuesday. Dharmalingam is scheduled to be hanged on Wednesday.\n\nDharmalingam’s punishment has been condemned by international groups including the International Federation for Human Rights and Amnesty International.\n\n\nSupporters argue that there’s evidence to indicate that Dharmalingam was forced to be a drug runner as a victim of human trafficking. A petition calling for his sentence to be commuted has collected more than 60,000 signatures.\n\nDharmalingam’s attorney has argued that executing intellectually disabled persons is prohibited by most international laws.\n\nSingapore has long been the target of international criticism for its severe punishments for criminals.\n\nAmerican Michael Fay was famously punished in Singapore in 1994 for vandalizing vehicles by receiving four lashes of a cane. The punishment is called “caning.”", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8596681952476501}
+{"content": "In the middle of a sprint right now, the following problems have arose:\n\n  • Urgent bug has cropped up that needs resolving\n\n  • Stakeholder urgently needs a requirement integrated which is preventing a deliverable from going live. This was missed out during planning because they did not realise at the time they needed it.\n\nIn terms of story points both tasks are (0.5 points) after speaking to my dev team during a daily stand up. To fit this into the sprint I replaced an equivalent story in the sprint that is (1 points) with both of the 0.5.\n\n0.5 + 0.5 = 1\n\nIf these tasks were not urgent, I would have put them in the backlog and waited for the next sprint cycle to begin.\n\nIs this the correct way to handle the situation?\n\n\nAs long as Sprint Goal is kept the Sprint Backlog can be changed as needed.\n\nIn the Scrum Guide is written:\n\nDuring the Sprint:\n\n  • No changes are made that would endanger the Sprint Goal;\n  • Quality goals do not decrease; and,\n\nWhat else can you do?\n\n  • Cancel the sprint and start all over? It is very traumatic for the team at it seems Sprint Goal is valid.\n\n  • Continue on the agreed scope? What would be the consequence?\n\nYou mentioned you discussed this with the Development team. As the Sprint Backlog is owned by the Development Team they need to agree on the scope change. If they did, that is OK. It is always better to explain to the Dev team why would you like to modify the Sprint Backlog.\n\nEspecially, if they did not yet start to work on the item that should be put out the impact of they work should not be high.\n\nOn the other hand, one has to be careful. Are you sure the tasks are urgent? Does this happen often (if it does, something is probably wrong - length of sprint, understanding how your team works by stakeholders, poor sprint planning discussion,...) ?\n\nI would also suggest to discuss this in the sprint retrospection. Will the team think that it significantly impacted their work?\n\n  • Some weeks it does not happen, other weeks especially when have released a new version of the product it happens.\n    – bobo2000\n    Apr 27 '16 at 13:08\n  • One has to keep in mind that each time it happens the team can lose focus and decrease productivity. I do not know how often you release your product but if you have several sprints between releases and you find during the first sprints about something new, put it to the next sprint. Do not change current one. But You (I mean whole scrum team) know about the situation the most. It is up You to judge.\n    – MasterPJ\n    Apr 27 '16 at 13:36\n  • I release increments weekly. I try my hardest to stick to this rule, but sometimes I am put into situations where it is an urgent request\n    – bobo2000\n    Apr 27 '16 at 14:31\n  • If your team loves the product they develop, and there is rationale behind the urgency, why is that an issue? Apr 27 '16 at 15:19\n  • 1\n    @bobo2000 It is not a good practice to change sprint backlog mid-sprint if it happens regularly. However, as you have mentioned Some weeks it does not happen, other weeks especially when have released a new version of the product it happens, this seems fine to me. Don't let the process hold you back in delivering valuable working software. If a new version / release needs some minor tweaks as hotfixes then do that. Apr 28 '16 at 12:35\n\nYour Answer\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9079683423042297}
+{"content": "Andrade, Rodrigo B.; Schafmeister, Christian; Wuest, William M.; Cannon, Kevin C. (Temple University. Libraries, 2014)\n      This thesis research presents the synthesis and first application of bis-amino acid-based spiroligomers towards the development of organocatalysis, from small molecules to moderate size spiroligomers, and to macromolecules. By synthesizing a toolbox of cyclic monomers called \"bis-amino acids\", the Schafmeister group has developed an approach to construct both small and macromolecules named \"Spiroligomers\". These molecules arrange catalytic functional groups in a shape-persistent and programmable backbone. Unlike proteins and small peptides, spiroligomers do not fold; rather, their polycyclic backbone structures are controlled by the sequence and stereochemistry of the component monomers. Firstly, we demonstrated a structure/catalytic activity relationship together with computational modeling that suggests that a specific hydrophobic interaction between the modified pro4 catalyst and the aldehyde substrate is responsible for an observed rate enhancement in the aldol reaction. For the moderate size molecules, several spiroligomer libraries were prepared through solid phase or solution phase synthesis and screened for either the alcohol kinetic resolution reaction or the aldol reaction. The poor activity and selectivity suggest that the scaffolds involved cannot create the necessary chiral environment for asymmetric catalysis. Finally, a synthetic method of macromolecules using cross metathesis coupling was developed and a series of tetra-functionalized macrocyclic spiroligomers were synthesized. Three of these macromolecules were examined as asymmetric catalysts in the aldol reaction and gave moderate activity and selectivity. The NMR analysis of these macromolecules indicates their dynamic nature. As the first application of bis-amino acid based macromolecules in organocatalysis area, although these catalysts only generated moderate activity and selectivity, they provided evidence that changing the configuration of one stereocenter of the fourteen available within these macromolecules can alter the selectivity. This synthetic methodology also provides an effective way to create more complicated pocket like spiroligomer macromolecules for the future applications in catalysis and molecular recognition.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9937158823013306}
+{"content": "Sidebar_image1 Sidebar_image1 Sidebar_image1\n1 3 2 4 5 6\nSidebar_image1 Sidebar_image1 Sidebar_image1\n\nPublished in Mint on 23rd June,2014, Written by Kapil Mehta\n\nInsurance contracts are one-sided. You see it after paying and completing your medical tests. There is little you can do to change the contract. Last year, the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (Irda) standardized definitions for several diseases and terms in health insurance contracts. This was a good step but much work remains, particularly in critical illness and personal accident plans that are subjective.\nTake this critical illness exclusion from the contract that a leading insurer has on its website. “Critical illness symptom/s (and/or the treatment) of which were present in the insured person at any time before inception of this policy or on the date on which cover here under was granted to such insured person, or which manifests itself within a period of three calendar months from such date, whether or not the insured or the insured person has knowledge that the symptoms or treatment were related to such critical illness.”\nThat’s scary. I assessed this paragraph for readability in the lovely Hemingway App and learnt that a post-graduate degree is necessary to understand this clause. Hemingway would have preferred “We will not pay a claim if the disease began before you bought this insurance. Whether you knew it or not.” The app confirms that this new sentence can be understood by a child in grade 3. The original clause is unreadable but even understanding it does not simplify the problem. Why should a claim be denied if the insured did not know she suffered from a disease? The standard definition prescribed by the regulator is simpler but leaves scope for claim denial even if the insured was not aware of the disease. Consider a person who has suffered from migraine for several years and, after buying insurance, is diagnosed with brain tumour. Under the current contract definition, this claim can be denied. Contrast this with the Australian Insurance Contracts Act, 1984 that prohibits insurers from limiting their liability in situations where a consumer had symptoms but was not aware that she suffered from the disease. The Australian Act is well drafted, consumer-friendly and a good reference point for our own law.\nAnother stand-alone health insurer’s contract states that claims can be rejected for “failure to seek or follow medical advice”. Who decides if the patient should have sought medical advice earlier? Think of a patient whose claim is denied based on this clause—she is now critically ill and penalized for not reaching out to a doctor in time? That’s unfair.\nSome health insurance contracts exclude “medical expenses where inpatient care is not warranted”. Does the insurer or the doctor decide this? I experienced this clause first hand. In January this year, my daughter was diagnosed with tapeworm in her brain. The paediatric neurosurgeon recommended she get hospitalized for two days to initiate treatment. The oral medicine to kill the tapeworms sometimes causes a seizure and hospitalization allows immediate action. My health insurer pre-approved this hospitalization but when the time to pay came, it backed out because, in its view, hospitalization was not required. Later, in a chance meeting with senior executives of that insurer, I asked the rhetorical question—what would their chief executive officer have done if his own child was involved? Would he differ with the surgeon’s recommendation and keep his child at home? The claim was paid because I had privileged access. Most don’t. Another insurer excludes occupational diseases. What’s that? Is heart attack an occupational disease? Perhaps there was too much work pressure? Insurers exclude injury in a war, whether declared or not; civil commotion; unrest. How does that work? The gem is an exclusion for critical diseases that reads “loss caused directly or indirectly, wholly or partly by infections or any other kind of disease”. So what’s covered? Several health insurances come bundled with personal accident cover. These claims are excluded if there is “any change of profession after inception of policy which results in the enhancement of our risk”. The UK Financial Conduct Authority and financial ombudsman would not allow this because it changes the terms after insurance has been bought. Customers cannot anticipate career changes or assess which changes are relevant to report. I don’t want to highlight only the negative points. There are several good clauses in our contracts, particularly in mediclaim and term insurance. Unlike some other markets, our contracts do not allow insurers to penalize consumers for small mis-declarations or inadvertent mistakes. Disease and accident definitions are clear. Suicide in the first year is the only exclusion allowed in term insurance. Our ombudsmen are strongly pro-customer. However, we do need comprehensive insurance contract guidelines and a mechanism for monitoring deviations. The Australian, the UK and South African markets have excellent examples of contract principles that are directly applicable to us. The UK financial ombudsman and Financial Conduct Authority provide an online option to report unfair contract terms. Read more about this at, and Insurers have an excellent opportunity. Those that make contracts more readable and go beyond the regulator’s prescribed minimum standards will be highly respected. Note: Some clauses have been paraphrased for brevity.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7502347826957703}
+{"content": "Thanksgiving Day Hours: 11am - 4pm.\n\nGraillot Syrah du Morocco \"Syrocco\"\n\nSyrocco is 100% Syrah grown primarily around the winery, which is located near the village of Ben Slimane (40 km from the ocean between Casablanca and Rabat). The wine is crafted from young vines, using traditional farming methods to maintain the integrity of the varietal. All vineyards are ploughed and weeded by hand, and no herbicide or fungicide treatments are used. The grapes are 100% de-stemmed and fermented in closed concrete vats. Daily pump-overs were done, and maceration was completed in 10 days. The wine was aged for half the time in tanks, and finished in 225L barrels from Fran�ois Freres in Burgundy; half of the barrels were new, the other half were a year old. Total elevage lasted 15 months, and the wine was lightly filtered prior to bottling.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8422936201095581}
+{"content": "Neutralization Reaction: Definition, Equation, Examples, and Everyday Use\n\nWe have learned that acids taste sour and turn blue litmus red. Whereas, a base tastes bitter and turns red litmus blue. Can you imagine, what will happen if acid and base are mixed together? Neutralization reaction happens! Let us learn what is it? Before we go ahead let us know about an acid-base indicator known as phenolphthalein.\n\nPhenolphthalein is a colorless liquid. Its color changes to pink when added to a basic solution. With acids, it shows no change in color.\n\n\n  1. Take a small quantity of dilute hydrochloric acid in a beaker. Add 2-3 drops of phenolphthalein to the acid. Stir the liquid with a glass rod. Using a dropper add a drop of sodium hydroxide solution to the acid solution. What do you observe?\n  2. The pink color appears and then immediately disappears. Keep stirring the acid solution and continue adding sodium hydroxide drop by drop. A time will come when the pink color takes a large time to disappear. Add carefully only one drop of the base at a time. Stir the acid solution after each drop of the base is added.\n  3. As soon as the faint pink color becomes permanent, stop adding the base.\n  4. Now add just one drop of hydrochloric acid to the liquid in the beaker and observe. The pink color disappears.\n  5. It is evident from this activity that phenolphthalein gives pink color in basic solutions and with the acidic solution it remains colorless. Again add one drop of the base sodium hydroxide to the solution in the beaker. Solution in the beaker again becomes pink in color.\n\nIt is very important to note from this Activity that acid and base neutralize the effect of each other.\n\nWhen an acidic solution is mixed with a basic solution, the resulting solution may be acidic, basic, or neutral depending on the amount of acidic and basic solutions mixed. When an acid solution and a base solution are mixed in the right amount, both the basic nature of the base and the acidic nature of the acid are neutralized or destroyed. The resulting solution is neither acidic nor basic. It is neutral.\n\nIf one touches the tube immediately after the neutralization process one feels hot. In a neutralization reaction heat is always produced. When an acid reacts with a base, a new substance is produced. This new substance is called salt. Salt may be acidic, basic, or neutral.\n\nFor example; Copper sulfate is an acidic salt, washing soda is a basic salt and common salt is a neutral salt. The reaction between an acid and a base is known as neutralization. Salt and water are produced in the process with the evolution of heat. So we can write the equation of neutralization as:-\n\nAcid + Base = salt + water+ heat\n\nNeutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide can be written as\n\nHydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = sodium chloride + water + heat evolved.\n\nUses of Neutralization Reaction\n\nThe process of neutralization is used in everyday life to cure many ailments. Let us see some of the cases, where it is used :-\n\nTo treat gastric patients\n\nOur stomach contains hydrochloric acid. It helps in digestion of the food. But excess acid in stomach causes indigestion and acidity. To relieve indigestion we take anti-acids. Anti acids or antacids are medicines containing bases such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide to neutralize the excess acid in the stomach.\n\nTo treat ant bites\n\nAnt bites and bee stings are acidic in nature. When ant bites, it injects formic acid into the skin. The effect of an acid can be neutralized by using basic medicines such as baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) or calamine solution which contains zinc carbonate. To treat wasp stings. Wasp sting is basic in nature. Vinegar (acetic acid) is used to cure wasp stings. Some people use mango pickles to cure wasp stings.\n\nTo treat acidic effluents\n\nEffluents from the electroplating industries contain acids. They are treated by adding lime to them in-order to neutralize them.\n\nTo treat acidic soil\n\nAcidic soil has poor fertility. Plants do not grow well in acidic soil. So in order to promote better fertility of the soil, Acidic soil is treated with quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), or limestone (calcium carbonate) to neutralize its acidity.\n\nTo treat basic soil\n\nBasic soil can be treated by using a compost of rotting vegetables and leaves. Organic matter releases acids which neutralizes the basic nature of the soil.\n\nTo treat tooth decay\n\nDecaying food particles in our teeth produce acids and cause tooth decay. Toothpaste is basic in nature. Using toothpaste during brushing help to neutralize acids.\n\nRead More- Acids and Bases: Definition, Properties, Uses, and Examples\n\nOpen chat", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9855439066886902}
+{"content": "asia pacific\n\nHong Kong\n\nHong Kong is a doorway to China and the rest of Asia for foreign investors. It is a hub for financial flows in the region.\n\nWith a business-friendly environment, rule of law, free trade and free flow of information, open and fair competition, well-established and comprehensive financial networks, low and simple tax regime, and active promotion of innovation and technology development, Hong Kong is an ideal place for enterprises around the world to expand the business.\n\n\nThough physically small, Singapore is an economic giant. The country has been Southeast Asia’s most modern city for over a century. Because of its efficient and determined government, Singapore has become a flourishing country that excels in trade and tourism and is a model to developing nations. Singapore’s early prosperity was based on a vigorous free trade policy and mass industrialization bolstered the economy which make today the state as the world’s second busiest port.\n\n\nTonga is a country in the South Pacific Ocean in Oceania and has a mixed economic system in which there is a variety of private freedom, combined with centralized economic planning and government regulation.\n\nTonga is an economy with strong potential, developed financial sector and presence of international banks with no capital controls. Agriculture and tourism are the two main sectors that attract foreign investment, mainly from Japan, China and the United States.\n\n\nVietnam is widely expected to be promoted from frontier to emerging market status and suggest a rapid economic growth. Despite that the country is still under communist rule it has been open-minded about the importance of outside investment.\n\nThe Vietnamese government is certainly playing its part by investing heavily in improving infrastructure in order to accommodate the flow of foreign investment. The country currently has over 3,000 start-ups that are developing and attracting more capital from local and foreign investment funds.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.554414689540863}
+{"content": "Executive Assistant\n\nBe the KEY to success! Partner with our clients key executive to enhances their effectiveness by providing management support and representing the executive to others. Use your customer service and coordination skills while screening calls; managing calendars; making travel, meeting and event arrangements; preparing reports; training and supervising support staff.\n\nJob Requirements/ Experience:\n\n  • Strong computer and Internet research skills.\n  • Homebuilding or real estate industry experience. Will potentially consider someone with legal or finance industry experience.\n  • Solid job history of staying with a company for 2+ years at each job (and explanation for why he/she left each position).\n  • Has intermediate/advanced experience with MS Office.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9933731555938721}
+{"content": "\n\nWhat is 1 divided by 1/343\n\nIf you have the whole number 1 and you want to divide it by the fraction 1/343 then you have found the perfect article. In this quick math lesson, we'll show you how you can divide any whole number by a fraction. If dividing numbers by fractions is your jam, read on my friend!\n\n\n\n\n1 ÷ 1 / 343\n\nThe trick to working out 1 divided by 1/343 is similar to the method we use to work out dividing a fraction by a whole number.\n\n\n1 x 343 / 1 = 343 / 1\n\nSo, the answer to the question \"what is 1 divided by 1/343?\" is:\n\n343 / 1\n\nSometimes, after calculating the answer we can simplify the resulting fraction down to lower terms. In this example though 343/1 is already in it's lowest possible form.\n\n\nConvert 1 divided by 1/343 to Decimal\n\n\n343 / 1 = 343\n\nCite, Link, or Reference This Page\n\n\n  • \"What is 1 divided by 1/343\". Accessed on November 27, 2021.\n\n  • \"What is 1 divided by 1/343\"., Accessed 27 November, 2021.\n\n  • What is 1 divided by 1/343. Retrieved from\n\nWhole Number Divided by Fraction\n\nEnter a whole number, numerator, denominator", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9989644289016724}
+{"content": "April 2021\n\nWBE Virtual Industry Mixer - A/C/E\n\nIt's a time to build relationships with fellow women-owned businesses who can potentially complement your services and strategize on overcoming similar challenges in the architecture, construction, and engineering industries.\n\nI'm Certified, Now What?\n\n\nConnections to Contracts - Virtual\n\nC2C is a procurement-focused event connecting women-owned businesses with corporations and each other. Featuring a welcome reception, corporate “roundtable” procurement discussions, a c-suite executive keynote address, networking, and more!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999999403953552}
+{"content": "Besides being undesirable by some patients due to their visual appearance, scars also represent areas of disrupted functioning.  Scar tissue tends to be more dense and less elastic. Since scar tissue is quite different than normal skin, the normal activity in this area is impaired.  Injured neurons can improperly heal and fuse, which can cause reduced nerve signal transduction. A resultant decrease in normal nervous system function can also occur. Pooling of waste materials that would normally be carried away and broken down is disrupted.  Scar tissue can also cause injured nerves to continuously fire pain signals to areas that nerve should supply. The collagen in a scar can anchor it to muscles and tendons underneath, limiting their normal range of motion. Scar tissue injections look to normalize these issues.\n\nWhat are Scar Tissue Injections?\n\nInjection treatment for scars involves the superficial injection of 1% procaine into and around the scarred area of skin.  Results of this therapy can include: a visible softening and shrinking of the scar, a detachment of the scar from structures it is adhered to underneath, a normalizing of the nervous activity within the scar area, and sometimes pain reduction to areas on the body the scar may be interfering with.\n\nWhat are the treatment goals of Scar Tissue Injections?\n\nTreatment goals are to reduce the appearance of the scar, reduce or eliminate pain, and remove any interference it is providing to proper movement or function.  Treatment course is usually once per week until improvement, which can be within 2-6 treatments. Patients can expect a mild stinging sensation as the substance is injected.  Often the injection sites remain puffy or raised for a period of time, and there may be slight bruising at some sites. To date there have been no cases of allergic reaction to procaine, but there can be a histamine response (redness and itching) for up to a day after treatment as the tissue effectively detoxifies and releases its “waste cache” for the system to break down.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7562286853790283}
+{"content": "Taste of the Master\n\nAny of you guys out there like plants and growing stuff?\n\nWell, I do.\n\nAnd as I was happily dousing my usual green amigos one day, it occurred to me…\n\nNow nobody I know goes around intentionally sneezing or spitting on their plants, but it occurred to me that since water and the nutrients contained therein are the most precious gift to plants, how would they feel about our stray fluids?\n\nOkay, maybe stray fluids is not the best choice of phrase.\n\nBut you get what I mean…right?\n\nIt’s probably as close as we get to petting our green amigos, right?\n\nWait, do any of you caress your plants?\n\nNo judgment.\n\nNow that I think about it, that title is probably going to associate me with some strange things out there on the internet. I admit I’m curious, but not curious enough to punch that into a Google search.\n\nMaybe DuckDuckGo.\n\n\nSpiciness – Nature’s Tool or Just Masochism?\n\nSpiciness is a most curious trait in our world. Certain plants and herbs have the ability to mildly harm or stimulate our senses, not enough to maim or kill us, but enough to make us uncomfortable…and wonder if we should be eating it in the first place.\n\nChillis and spices are a strange and wonderful bunch that are used in almost every culture, but what could their purpose be?\n\nAt the end of the day, are chillis a form of drug – something to stimulate and enhance the senses? Or are they therapeutic?\n\nDo they play a role in selective propagation? Only the animals like birds that are unaffected by spiciness will happily eat the spicy fruit and seed and carry them far away?\n\nOr…are we just being masochists?\n\nNature certainly works and strange and mysterious ways.\n\nThere is an interesting Thai saying that goes:\n\n“A crow holds the chilli in its mouth.”\n\nI’m not entirely sure of its meaning, and how it would translate into English. What do you think it means?\n\nSamtoki’s Mighty Morphing Fur Colour\n\n\n\nGo go mighty morphing fur colour!\n\n\nOk, getting too deep here.\n\nNo, that’s not what she said.\n\nWhat colour do you think Samtoki’s fur should be?\n\n\nSamtoki’s Horoscopes\n\nToday’s predictions:\n\nWhat a tough life those Horoscope writers must have! Always having to come up with fresh content day after day.\n\nSeriously though, how do those guys keep coming up with such cuttingly concise pieces all the time? It’s like sports writers – they have to keep the same thing fresh and exciting.\n\nAnyone here subscribe to the Horoscope?\n\nWhat’s your Horoscope? I’ll do one specially for you!\n\nWelcome to Asia\n\nI hear the thunder\nI feel the wind blowing strong\nI welcome the rain\n\nOpen my window\nGaze upon the distant gloom\nThe darkness cometh\n\nAnd with the darkness\nAmid the trembling of air\nA familiar sound\n\nNot pitter patter\nJoyous precipitation\nNot the sound of rain\n\nIt is but the sound\nThat makes a grown man furious\nMosquito buzzing\n\nWelcome to Asia\n\nWhat We Plot in the Shadows (of Lockdown)\n\nSo the movement control order (MCO a.k.a. soft lockdown) has been extended another 14 days for us. Guess I’ll have to start planning to make certain commodities last the extra two weeks, while the stores are still shut.\n\nAlso, my hair is getting a little long, but at least I’m not missing out on my facials and manicures and pedicures and eyebrow and other fun hair removal sessions.\n\nStill, there’s some perishables and items that I really wanted to get before this, and now I have to wait for another two weeks. Ugh, time to take over the world and make certain things essential goods.\n\nGetting Pinky & the Brain flashbacks here.\n\nWhat To Do If You Catch Covcov?\n\nWhat just happened?\n\nWhat would you do if your family or significant other caught the Covcov?\n\nI mean, if you stay in quarantine with them, you’ll end up with it as well, right?\n\nSo what are your options?\n\nThere are all these guides on what to do to avoid and prevent the spread of Covcov, but there’s nothing on what to do if someone catches it, apart from send them to the hospital. Could you treat and monitor their condition? Should you?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5715340375900269}
+{"content": "Pyrosequenzierung zur molekularen Altersschätzung in der DNA-Spurenanalyse\n\n\nThe estimation of the chronological age based on DNA methylation\nmarkers by bisulfite sequencing is a promising new method in forensic molecular genetics. The application of the method to forensic trace\nsamples from crime scenes was recently legalized following a change of the German law. Biological traces display a challenging sample\nsource since they are usually of small amount. To increase sensitivity, we have developed an optimized pyrosequencing protocol for quantitative methylation analysis.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.998411238193512}
+{"content": "Why you should never eat moldy bread\n\nMould spores can produce proteins that trigger an allergic reaction. Telia/Shutterstock\n  • If your bread is moldy, it is safest to throw out the whole loaf since mould’s roots can spread undetected to the naked eye.\n  • While most molds aren’t dangerous to consume, some produce toxic byproducts called mycotoxins. Others can cause allergic reactions like coughing, sneezing, and vomiting.\n  • Storing your bread in a cool, dry environment like the refrigerator will help ward off mould growth.\n  • Visit Insider’s Health Reference library for more advice.\n\nIt’s a common scene: You’re heading for the toaster with your last slice of bread when you notice the telltale furry green spots of mould.\n\nWhile you may be tempted to scrape the splotch off and eat your breakfast anyways, it’s better to be safe than sorry. Mould can not only spur an allergic reaction, it may also make you sick.\n\nMould spores are everywhere\n\nMould is a type of fungus that lives on plants or animals. Under a microscope, it looks like a clump of mushrooms.\n\nThe stalks, or sporangiophores, are attached to roots that dig deeper into soft foods, like bread, as they grow. Atop the stalks are sporangia, which generate spores that launch into the air and float to a new host to reproduce.\n\nMoldy bread\nMould has roots that grow deep into soft foods like bread. Gene Kim/Insider\n\n“Every time a consumer opens up a loaf of bread, they potentially introduce mould spores. If there is a mycogenic fungi in the house, it could land on the bread and start to grow,” says Randy Worobo, a professor of food microbiology at Cornell University.\n\nSo basically, mould spores are everywhere. However, many aren’t dangerous to consume. In fact, some varieties are used to make foods like cheeses, such as Brie and blue-veined Stilton. Yet, it’s nearly impossible for the average person to determine if that fuzzy mould is dangerous or safe to consume.\n\n“If it’s a mould and you find it on your food, and it wasn’t put there by the manufacturer, you have to assume it’s not OK,” says Donald W. Schaffner, a professor of food science at Rutgers University.\n\nMould is a potentially dangerous fungus\n\nSome molds produce toxic byproducts called mycotoxins. These poisonous substances primarily affect grain and nut crops like wheat and peanuts. One of these, aflatoxin, is associated with cancer.\n\nA mould’s genome, combined with the environment in which it grows, determines whether it makes toxins or not, Schaffner says, adding that “what makes a mould a toxin in one environment may not affect it in another.”\n\nThankfully, it’s less common for the most prevalent bread mould, Penicillium, to produce mycotoxins. But it can happen in rare cases, which is why it’s best to be safe than sorry.\n\nMould spores will also sometimes produce proteins that cause an allergic reaction that can cause coughing, itchy eyes, or an asthma attack. However, if you don’t have mould allergies, you are not likely to become seriously ill if you accidentally consume it.\n\nYet, people with compromised immune systems, like those undergoing cancer treatment or with an immune disorder, could be at higher risk for a fungal infection, Worobo says. Call your doctor if you accidentally consumed mould and are experiencing symptoms like nausea or vomiting.\n\nToss most foods at the first signs of mould\n\nSimply cutting off the moldy bits of bread isn’t enough to ensure safety because of those pesky roots that grow deep into the food. And thanks to those airborne spores, it’s likely that the rest of the loaf is infected too.\n\nSo, if you find mould sprouting on your bread, discard the whole loaf in a sealed container, and – for good measure – clean the area it was stored with soap and a fresh rag or sponge.\n\nMould grows and spreads more easily on soft foods like deli meat, cheese, and fruit. So, you should discard these foods at the first signs of the telltale fuzz. The same goes for pet food, as our furry friends are just as likely to get sick as us when they eat moldy pet food (or your dinner leftovers).\n\nHowever, there are exceptions to the discard-when-moldy rule: dry-cured salami and hams typically have a thin layer of surface mould when you purchase them that can be consumed or scraped away.\n\nMeanwhile, mould on hard cheeses like parmesan, or firm vegetables like cabbage and carrots, can be trimmed away. That’s because the mould’s roots struggle to pierce through denser foods. Just make sure your incision is at least an inch around the mould, being careful not to contaminate the knife.\n\nBe aware, though, that tinkering with moldy food can cause spores to become airborne, potentially infecting fungus-free fare. “If you have a fresh loaf of bread on the counter and take moldy bread out of a package right next to it, you’re risking contamination,” Worobo says.\n\nThat goes for any moldy food, whether it’s bread, cheese, cabbage, or those leftovers your dog is eyeing greedily. They all have pesky spores that can contaminate your kitchen. That’s why, when dealing with mould it’s best to discard the food in a sealed bag or wrapped in plastic.\n\nRefrigerate your bread to keep mould away\n\nStore-bought bread will generally stay fresh for a couple of weeks if stored in the pantry, and up to three weeks in the refrigerator. Whereas, homemade loaves will only keep for three to five days in the pantry.\n\nStore-bought bread lasts longer because it typically includes preservatives like calcium propionate or sodium propionate that inhibit mould growth. These are regulated by the FDA and have a long history of safe use.\n\nMould spores germinate – or grow – more rapidly in warm, moist environments. To keep them at bay, store bread in a cool, dry area, and clean your pantry and fridge frequently.\n\nIf you have more bread than you think you can eat in a couple of weeks, then Schaffner recommends slicing and storing it in the freezer. The extremely cold temperature will prevent spores from germinating and keep your loaf mould-free indefinitely.\n\nFor a look at why you should never eat the clean part of moldy bread, check out the video below:\n\nRelated articles from Health Reference:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7730236053466797}
+{"content": "Search court cases and case law in the UK\n\n\nK.T. v. Lothian NHS Board [2009] CSOH 132\n\n\nThe pursuer is the mother of CK, born 11 May 1998, and sought reparation, as guardian for CK, from the defenders in respect of alleged negligence of anaesthetic and obstetric staff during the birth of CK, for which it was averred the defenders were liable as their employers. CK has cerebral palsy, is severely disabled and will have severe neurological impairment for the rest of her life. The issues for proof were restricted to liability and caustion. Here the court considered whether there had been professional negligence on the part of the obstetrician and the anaesthetist and whether any such negligence caused or contributed, to any extent, to the disabilities of CK. Here the court considered whether, in the emergency situation faced by the hospital staff during labour, certain acts and omissions alleged of the obstetrician and the anaesthetist were negligent and causative of the injuries and disabilities suffered by CK. Following proof it was submitted on behalf of the pursuer that both liability and causation were established and counsel invited the court to remit the cause for a proof before answer on quantum. It was submitted on behalf of the defenders that there was no evidence that the obstetrician was negligent on the limited grounds averred by the pursuer and any delay by the anaesthetist capable of causing the damage suffered by the child was not the consequence of any negligence for which the defenders were responsible and the defenders should be assoilzied.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9940460920333862}
+{"content": "Baird Pipers\n\nThese piping Bairds are available for celebrations, weddings, funerals, and participate in their area Scottish festivals.  Feel free to contact them if you have a need for a piper in their area.\n\nThe Eagles of Auchmedden\n\nThe photo is of the craigs of Auchmedden, now known as the Troup Head Bird Reserve, where the famous Baird eagles still reside, as well as the Atlantic Puffins, the Teals, Loons, and millions of other sea-land birds.  Seals can still be seen swimming near the shore, the stuff of other Scottish legends, the Selkies/Silkies, which are said to sometimes come ashore, shed their skins, and come to live as humans for a time.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6880099773406982}
+{"content": "Accessibility Icon\nSearch icon.Shopping cart icon.\nBBB accredited business. A plus rating.\nTrustpilot 4.6 star rating.\n\nA look at what qualifies as HAZMAT\n\nOne of the most common safety concerns for a company is hazardous dot materials. It may surprise some to find out specifically what is considered hazmat, including a lot of everyday items: hand sanitizer, smoke detectors and even cologne, to name just three.\n\nThere are specific regulations for businesses concerning how hazardous DOT materials are transported. The federal Department of Transportation (DOT) is in charge of ensuring companies are complying with the rules, all for the safety of employees and emergency responders, as well as the general public.\n\nDOT's website has a great list of specific hazmat materials of which companies should be aware. It also has a lot of detail about its own initiative to get the word out about the importance of transporting HAZMAT the right way.\n\nChecking the box to keep things safe\n\nDOT's initiative is called - Check the Box - a reference to the regulatory way to mark HAZMAT as it is being transported. They estimate that 1,500-plus transportation incidents take place every year, causing potential or very real safety concerns. The regulations state that HAZMAT needs to be - classified, packaged, labeled, handled, and stowed - in a specific way in order to ensure safety. Many of the types of hazardous DOT materials are of a certain type, including explosives, gases, and solids or liquids that may be flammable. The best way to note if it's HAZMAT is to look for the safety data sheet, or SDS, that most manufacturers supply to see if they have denoted it that way. The SDS will have a section that's labeled - Transportation Information - and that's where you can find how the material is specifically classified. If the SDS isn't around or wasn't included, most companies will have that same info on SDS sections of their own websites.\n\nFrom the ordinary to the specialized\n\nSome of the more common hazardous DOT materials run the gamut from ones that are specific to a type of business to things that can be found in many households every day. Among the least typical items are airbags and airbag inflators, carbon dioxide canisters and cylinders, fuel-powered equipment with the fuel already inside, items with mercury, and oxygen tanks. But HAZMAT also includes some items that are staples of the supermarket. They include high-proof alcohol, car batteries, fire extinguishers and smoke detectors, perfumes and colognes, hand sanitizer, lighters and matches, nail polish and its remover, paint, and sealants or varnishes used to treat wood.\n\nWhen it comes to training your own employees on HAZMAT, Compliance Training Online can help. There are several courses available, including one that is required by anyone in the U.S who is involved in shipping HAZMAT. There are also specific courses for employees who ship lithium batteries as well as carrier requirements by water, air, highway or rail.\n\n\n\n\nEasy to use\n\nYou'll never get lost or confused with us.\n\nImmediate Access\n\n\nAnywhere Anytime\n\nInternet connection and a computer, tablet, or smartphone.\n\nUp to date\n\nWe update our courses as soon as new regulations come out.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6295446753501892}
+{"content": "Russula farinipes Romell - Floury Brittlegill\n\n\nRussula farinipes\n\nA less common find than other yellowish brittlegills, and most often on calcareous soil in broadleaf woodland, this beautiful mushroom is quite distinctive. Oaks, Beech and birches are common mycorrhizal partners of this mushroom.\n\n\nThis brittlegill is fairly common in broadleaf and mixed woodlands in Britain and Ireland; it is also found throughout mainland Europe, from northern Scandinavia right down to the Mediterranean.\n\nRussula farinipes\n\nTaxonomic history\n\nThe currently-accepted scientific name of the attractive brittlegill dates from an 1893 publication by the Swedish mycologist Lars Romell (1854 - 1927).\n\n\nRussula, the generic name, means red or reddish, and indeed many of the brittlegills do have red or somewhat reddish caps (but many more of the brittlegill mushrooms are not red, and several of those that are usually red can also occur in a range of other colours!).\n\nThe specific epithet farinipes refers to the surface of the stem, the upper section of which has a farinaceous textures, meaning that it is covered in a flour-like powder.\n\nIdentification guide\n\nCap of Russula farinipes\n\n\nRufous yellow, becoming russet brown with age; margin sulcate (furrowed); convex, sometimes developing a central depression; grainy, esp. at margin; cuticle peels very little; 3 to 6cm across. The cap and stem flesh is distinctive, being much tougher and more elastic than is the norm for a brittlegill mushroom.\n\nGills and stem of Russula farinipes\n\n\nPale straw yellow; quite distant; arching upwards; slightly decurrent.\n\n\nWhite or very pale straw yellow; powdery towards apex; with cavities; 3 to 7cm long, 1 to 1.8cm diameter.\n\n\n\nEllipsoidal, 6-8 x 5-6.5µm, ornamented with small isolated warts up to 0.6µm tall.\n\nSpore print\n\n\n\nOdour: slightly fruity. Taste: very acrid.\n\nHabitat & Ecological role\n\n\n\nAugust to November in Britain and Ireland.\n\nSimilar species\n\nRussula claroflava has a bright yellow cap and white gills; it is found on wet ground under birch trees. It has a strong fruity odour, has yellowish gills and provides a yellow-ochre spore print.\n\nRussula ochroleuca has ochre-yellow caps with white gills.\n\nCulinary Notes\n\nRussula farinipes is a very hot-tasting mushroom, and so it is generally regarded as inedible.\n\nReference Sources\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTop of page...\n\n\n\n\nPlease help to keep this free resource online...\n\nTerms of use - Privacy policy - Disable cookies - Links policy", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9522916078567505}
+{"content": "Mrs. Woodward and Ms. Demory\n\n\n\n    School Counseling Mission\n\n\n    The Evergreen Mill School Counseling Program provides child-centered, developmental, and preventive services that promote students' academic, social/ emotional, and career awareness at each stage of their de­velopment. Evergreen Mill believes when children are provided a safe and nurturing environment they reach their highest potential. \n\n\n    School Counseling Vision\n\n\n    ·         To provide counseling services that are inclusive and re­spectful of student and staff differences in gen­der, religion, ethnicity, race, ability, handicap­ping condition, and age. \n\n    ·         To work collaboratively with students, parents, teachers, and administrators to help implement the program in a systematic fashion to ensure all students succeed in school and are prepared for meaningful, productive living.\n\n    ·         Implement a comprehensive school counseling program that teaches student’s valuable academic, personal/social, and career skills that they will take with them throughout their entire educational experience.\n\n    ·         To implement a school counseling program based on accurate data specific to the needs of Evergreen Mill Elementary School\n\n    ·         To ensure the comprehensive school counseling program is provided by a Virginia Licensed and accredited School Counselor.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999387860298157}
+{"content": "Corpus ID: 51992228\n\nEmpathy and Forgiveness Relationship Leyla Ulus\n\n  title={Empathy and Forgiveness Relationship Leyla Ulus},\n  author={Leyla Ulus},\nIn recent years in which differences have increased and tolerance in inter-personal relationships has equally reduced in societies, the empathy and forgiveness concepts have started to gradually come to the forefront. Research carried out has revealed that there is a relevant relation between individuals’ forgiveness levels and their empathetic behaviours and the importance of these two concepts (Farrow et al., 2001; Macaskill, Maltby and Day, 2002; Kmiec, 2009; Norton, 2009). In this study, in… Expand\nEmotion Regulation on Wives Victims of Domestic Violence in Christianity Undergoing the Forgiveness Phases\nby years, nearly 50% of the cases were Christian family wives. The principle of Christian marriage is no divorce except by death. This study aims to examine the dynamics of emotional regulation onExpand\nThe Impact of Empathy, Coping, and Cultural Differences on the Process of Forgiveness\n\n\nInterpersonal forgiving in close relationships.\nEvidence is found consistent with the hypotheses that the relationship between receiving an apology from and forgiving one's offender is a function of increased empathy for the offender and that forgiving is uniquely related to conciliatory behavior and avoidance behavior toward the offending partner. Expand\nVengefulness: Relationships with Forgiveness, Rumination, Well-Being, and the Big Five\nBecause forgiveness theory has tended to neglect the role of dispositional factors, the authors present novel theorizing about the nature of vengefulness (the disposition to seek revenge followingExpand\nDoes good emotion management aid forgiving? Multiple dimensions of empathy, emotion management and forgiveness of self and others\nThe ability to forgive is considered important in the successful maintenance of relationships. In this study, a multifactorial model predicting two forms of forgiveness was examined in a combinedExpand\nForgiveness of Self and Others and Emotional Empathy\nSome commonality regarding the psychological constituents of the process of forgiveness is emerging from intervention models designed to promote forgiveness, and individuals with higher levels of trait empathy find it easier to work toward forgiveness than do those with lower levels. Expand\nThis research explored forgiving and its relationship to adaptive moral emotional processes: proneness to shame, guilt, anger, and empathic responsiveness. Gender differences associated withExpand\nGender Differences in the Relationship Between Empathy and Forgiveness\nThe present results showed that women were more empathic than men, but no gender difference for forgiveness was apparent, however, the association between empathy and forgiveness did differ by gender. Expand\nAn empathy‐humility‐commitment model of forgiveness applied within family dyads\nForgiveness is described as requiring empathy for the offender, the humility to see oneself as being as fallible and needy as the offender, and courage to commit publicly to forgive. ResearchExpand\nUnderstanding Forgiveness as Discovery: Implications for Marital and Family Therapy\nThis article explores the concept of forgiveness in relationship systems and examines various conceptualizations and definitions found in the literature. Forgiveness is described as a complexExpand\nThe development of the transgression-related interpersonal motivations inventory is described--a self-report measure designed to assess the 2-component motivational system (Avoidance and Revenge) posited to underlie forgiving, which demonstrated a variety of desirable psychometric properties. Expand\nItalian husbands (n = 79) and wives (n = 92) from long-term marriages provided data on the role of marital quality, affective reactions, and attributions for hypothetical partner transgressions inExpand", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997683167457581}
+{"content": "How do you fly while meditating?\n\nConcentrate on breathing, hear the air flow, take deep and slow breaths. Forget everything else. Just hear and feel your breath. Now, while still concentrating on your breathing, direct all your thoughts towards a specific part of your body which you have chosen as your focusing point.\n\nCan a person fly through meditation?\n\nLevitation or transvection in the paranormal context is the rising of a human body and other objects into the air by mystical means or meditation. Some parapsychology and religious believers interpret alleged instances of levitation as the result of supernatural action of psychic power or spiritual energy.\n\nHow do you float in the air while meditating?\n\nTry practicing breath awareness in the float tank by taking slow, deep breaths through the nose and completely fill your lungs with air. Hold your breath for a few second before slowly exhaling all the air out of your lungs.\n\nHow do yogis fly?\n\nSiddhis are the spiritual, supernatural, paranormal or the magical powers or abilities that a Yogi attains, with a long and continuous practice of meditation, sadhana, and Yoga. Among the eight Siddhis, the attainment of Laghima Siddhi, makes a Yogi able to become almost weightless by which they can fly in the air.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  How can I relax my mind from stress meditation?\n\nWhy do I feel like Im floating during meditation?\n\nIf we relax further, we enter the Theta brainwave level (4–8 Hz), which is commonly associated with somatic sensations like floating, slowing sinking or losing awareness of the positioning of body parts (proprioception).\n\nCan levitation be possible?\n\nToday’s science knows only one way to achieve real levitation, such that no energy input is required and the levitation can last forever. This levitation makes use of diamagnetism, the ability of many materials to expel a portion of an external magnetic field.\n\nDo monks really levitate?\n\n\nHow do you levitate?\n\n\nHow do magicians levitate?\n\nThe levitation of a magician or assistant can be achieved by a concealed platform or hidden wires, or in smaller-scale illusions by standing on tiptoe in a way that conceals the foot which is touching the ground.\n\nIs Flying Yoga real?\n\nTechnique. The actual technique is yogic flying, an advanced state of transcendental meditation. It was created by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. He says that the practice not only makes the flyers feel intensely blissful, but they pass on their bliss to others.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Question: Are all priests spiritual directors?\n\nWhat is levitation technology?\n\nMagnetic Levitation Technology. Magnetic levitation is a method by which an object is suspended in the air with no support other than magnetic fields. The fields are used to reverse or counteract the gravitational pull and any other counter accelerations.\n\nCan meditation be dangerous?\n\n\nWhy does my head tingle when I meditate?\n\nASMR stands for Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response and is a neurological term used to describe those tingles. It’s a feeling of otherworldly relaxation. It feels like your brain is melting in a good way.\n\nWhat does the Bible say about meditation?\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5955435633659363}
+{"content": "Ideas For Teaching Characterization To Elementary\n\nTeach Elementary school students the concept of characterization.\n\nCharacterization can be taught to elementary students with the help of well-planned out, educational activities. There are many fun characterization lessons available for teachers to bring to life in their classrooms. The more fun students have learning, the more memorable the material becomes. Let your students enjoy their learning process through character sketches, character posters, graphic organizers and class participation.\n\nCharacter Sketch\n\nTeach students characterization by creating a character sketch. After reading a novel or short story, have students analyze the character by writing down the following: the character’s physical appearance, personal qualities, values and goals. By writing down all of a character’s characteristics, students are able to create a detailed description while learning the concept of characterization. Have students share their character descriptions as a class.\n\nCharacter Poster\n\nTeach students characterization by giving a poster assignment. Have students work in groups of four to design a life-size poster that describes a specific character from a novel or short story. Students can trace one person from their group if they wish or create an outline of the character by freehand. Ask students to draw their character based on the descriptions they read on what the character looks like, acts like, says, feels and the general interests of the character. Students can include objects on the poster that represent the character. Have students present their posters to the class.\n\nGraphic Organizer\n\nHelp students identify indirect characterization by reading a book and completing a worksheet on one or more of the characters. Explain to your students that indirect characterization is what we know about a character based on what the character says and does. Read Dr. Suess’ book “The Cat in the Hat” aloud to your students. Have students fill out graphic organizer worksheets on one or all of the following characters: the Fish, Sally (the narrator) and the Cat. The graphic organizer should be set up into three columns: type of indirect characterization, examples and explanations. Students should fill the worksheet out for the following types of indirect characterization for one or all of the characters: speech, thoughts, effects on others, actions and looks.\n\nREAD  Small Comic Book Publishing Companies That Hire Young Adults\n\nDifferentiate Between Direct and Indirect Characterization\n\nHelps students differentiate between direct and indirect characterization by writing several examples of each on the board. First review the definitions of direct and indirect characterization. Explain that direct characterization is when the author uses adjectives to tell what a character is like. Tell students that indirect characterization is when the author uses verbs to show readers what a character does. Have students take turns coming up to the board and writing a “D” for the examples that represent direct characterization and an “I” for the examples that show indirect characterization. For example, students would write a “D” for direct characterization next to the sentence, “Mary was lazy.” An “I” for indirect characterization would be placed next to a sentence like, “Mary sat on the couch all day and did not do her homework.”", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9933672547340393}
+{"content": "Li johnson\n\nЗнакомы биржей li johnson мне кажется это\n\nHowever, she nova that a lot of that cost would be balanced out by eliminating the programs basic income would replace, which might include income assistance or various refundable tax credits. In 2018, li johnson government of Class reductionism Columbia asked a panel of experts to study the feasibility of news novartis basic income for the province.\n\nThe resulting report found that \"the needs of people in this society are too diverse to be effectively answered simply with a cheque from the government. Li johnson said it would be better to tackle issues head-on, targeting poor working conditions and low wages, reforming li johnson disability assistance li johnson and boosting rent assistance.\n\nTwo of the calls for justice in the final report from the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls said Canada should establish a guaranteed livable income for all. Like economists, Canada's main parties are also divided on basic li johnson, though none are li johnson universal basic income. Here's where li johnson stand:\"The li johnson government would provide an initial base-level subsidy across the country, and an intergovernmental li johnson would determine and administer the necessary supplemental Rho(D) Immune Globulin (Human) for Injection (HyperRHO Full Dose)- Multum. Liberal MP for Davenport, Julie Dzerowicz, tabled a bill calling li johnson a national basic income strategy in 2021.\n\nThe bill died at the dissolution of parliament when the election was called. Li johnson you have a question about the federal election. We're answering as many as we can leading up to election day. You can read our answers to other election-related questions here. Jaela Bernstien is a Montreal-based journalist reporting on news and current affairs. She has covered election campaigns, criminal trials, riots and natural disasters, and even once explored an ice-age cave.\n\nMenuCanada Votes 2021Sign InQuick LinksNewsSportsRadioMusicListen LiveTVWatchCanada Votes 2021Canada Votes 2021Live Li johnson ResultsAsk CBC NewsParty PlatformsMore newsMore What is basic income and which of Canada's main parties support li johnson. While there are categories and nationals of countries that are privileged with entering the Schengen visa-free zone, there are also other categories and nationals, which have to go through all the processes of meeting requirements and attending interviews, in order to li johnson a visa that grants them with the permission to enter the Schengen Area.\n\nThe list of the countries which are subject to the airport transit visa in the Schengen Area goes as following:There are however exceptions regarding the Airport Transit Visa for certain individuals. It only li johnson that the procedures for obtaining a visa will be alleviated and faster. If you chose to travel with a passport of a nationality that requires a mandatory visa you will have to obtain one even if you are in possession of a passport of one of the Schengen member countries but you are not willing to use it for any li johnson. In case you are holding a D visa that allows you not only to enter a Schengen area but also live there for a certain period of time, holding the residency permit of the certain country you are entitled to visit any Schengen country within the 90 days period every 6 months.\n\nAs seen in the following section, in order to obtain a D visa you have to have a legitimate reason. You often get excited about things you see and you believe that there are many super exciting things in the world to explore.\n\nEven if you find your home and its surroundings to be the most interesting and safest in the world, you are still curious and daring enough to embark on new adventures. You are very kind-hearted, cheerful and lively by nature, and you are the messenger subacute thyroiditis the joys in life. Vanity is also a part of your natural appeal. You love daydreaming but at the same time you impulsively rush to the new challenges and adventures.\n\nYou are the heart of hospira pfizer family. You have both patience and an adventurous taste different. You love to take li johnson of others, and you always have time to listen to and comfort those in need.\n\nYou enjoy celebrating together with your loved ones but you also want to find time vital signs the peaceful solitude. You possess an adventurous spirit and you enjoy looking back on your life and sharing your wild memories and experiences with others. You believe that things li johnson better in the past and your restlessness always pushes you towards new adventures.\n\nInspired by your own youth, you are li johnson irreplaceable party person. Your curiosity together with your fearless and cheeky attitude makes you an interesting person in the eyes of others.\n\nYou never suffer from a guilty conscience and small practical jokes greatly excite you. You are truly regarded as a friend by others and they li johnson the wisdom you hold. You may get anxious if your personal space is invaded and you often li johnson a little peace and quiet. You quickly get excited but li johnson just as easily. You strongly li johnson that possessions lead to happiness. You like to collect a lot of stuff, and especially money is constantly on your mind.\n\nBut li johnson also like to spend time with your friends. Like Little My, you like to play practical jokes on others. You enjoy endless mischief and because of that you are usually not invited to parties or to other things either. But of course you still show up. You understand the value of possessions but treasures that are too valuable start to haunt you.\n\n\n\n29.07.2019 in 00:21 Zoloktilar:\nBravo, seems magnificent idea to me is\n\n29.07.2019 in 10:32 Gukinos:\n\n30.07.2019 in 01:28 Mijora:\nThis rather good idea is necessary just by the way", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6489570736885071}
+{"content": "2.6. Driver Documentation\n\n2.6.11. Introduction\n\n\nEGOS is modular in order to be compliant with the required application functionnalities, memory footprint, hardware, specifications and so on. The available drivers are listed below. The driver concerned documentation page give the access to the EGOS API reference, the name of application file which shows a concrete use of these APIs functions and some other stuff.\n\nIf there are some differences between the behavior described the documentation and the source code, you shall refer to the source code which is compiled and executed is the internal CI step.\n\n2.6.12. List of available drivers", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9587960243225098}
+{"content": "Hier finden Sie wissenschaftliche Publikationen aus den Fraunhofer-Instituten.\n\nHeuristic Power Allocation in NOMA-based Overlay Cognitive Radio Network\n\n: Airee, N.; Saha, S.; Adrat, M.; Schrammen, M.; Jax, P.\n\n\nWysocki, Tadeusz A. (Ed.) ; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers -IEEE-; IEEE Communications Society:\n14th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, ICSPCS 2020. Proceedings : December 14-16, 2020, virtual conference\nPiscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2020\nISBN: 978-1-7281-9973-3\nISBN: 978-1-7281-9971-9\nISBN: 978-1-7281-9972-6\nInternational Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS) <14, 2020, Online>\nFraunhofer FKIE ()\n\nSpectral efficiency (SE) is crucial for wireless networks due to the scarcity of wireless spectrum and the ever increasing demand for high data rates. A prominent solution for SE is cognitive radio (CR) as it facilitates spectrum sharing between multiple users. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is another technique for improving SE, which allows multiple users to access the same spectral resource at the same time. Together, NOMA and CRs have immense potential for enabling highly spectrally efficient communication. In this paper, NOMA in power domain has been considered in downlink for an overlay CR network. In power domain NOMA, power allocation (PA) for user signal multiplexing is a critical process. A novel heuristic PA method, called k-scaled PA, has been proposed and the symbol error rate (SER) performance of the users in the considered CR network for the proposed method has been extensively evaluated. This PA approach is robust against interference generated due to NOMA and reduces the information overhead for a network with a large number of users. Up to 5 users have been accommodated in the network using the proposed method.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9190655946731567}
+{"content": "Sat. Nov 27th, 2021\n\nBeing enrolled in a distance education poses a lot of advantages and many people are taking advantage of it. People from all walks of life are accepted in this kind of educational setup, provided they pass all the requirements and meet the standards. The best part is that there are a lot of credible distance education universities online such as Kaplan, DeVry, AIU and many more.\n\nHere are distance education great advantages:\n\n1. Accessibility – Anyone who is interested to apply in distance education can do it all online. This provides the applicant with the freedom to choose when or how he or she is going to apply. You can access the university’s sites anywhere you are, whether at a net cafe or through your mobile phone.\n\n2. Less pressure – This means that you can learn without being pressured by your classmates or teachers. You have your own time and space to study your lessons. You can either learn by reading or listening. There are different course materials provided to students online such as video, audio and text. So you can just listen, watch or read the course material repeatedly in case you did not understand a certain part.\n\n3. Posting questions and queries are entertained – Another distance education great advantages is that you can post your questions anytime in discussion boards. And your classmates and teacher can both join in on the discussions. You can also direct questions to your professors through emails.\n\n4. Financial aids: Not everyone is able to afford educational fees or are able to relocate to attend school. Online universities also provide financial assistance to those who qualify. They have forms online and guidelines on how they process it. So if you are planning to attend school and need financial assistance, accomplish the forms needed as soon as possible because the process may take awhile since there are a lot of students who might also be applying for assistance.\n\n5. Flexibility: You own your time and you get to fit school with your schedule provided that you submit requirements at the time set by the professor/s. This is one of the main reason why distance education was created in the first place.\n\nThese distance education great advantages have truly helped a lot of people and it is a popular option amongst businessmen, professionals and the like.\n\nBy rahul", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8830351233482361}
+{"content": "\n\nUnwanted lighting on mesh3d\n\nIs there a way to use only emissive lighting? I have a 3D mesh that I need to be exactly one RGB color.\n\nAmbient, Diffuse, Fresnel, Specular lighting alter the facecolor of my mesh. But, disabling those lighting parameters puts the scene in the dark.\n\nAny way to remove fancy lighting for a basic, emissive only mode?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8698842525482178}
+{"content": "Karoly Dávid\n\n\nDávid, Karoly\n\n\nBorn Mar. 19. 1903, in Budapest. Hungarian architect. Studied at the Polytechnical Institute in Budapest from 1929 to 1931.\n\nIn the 1930’s Dávid worked in France with Le Corbusier. He partially adopted the principles of functionalism. He has designed a series of public and administrative buildings: the main building of Ferihegy Airport (1942–48) and the People’s Stadium (1948–53), both in Budapest; a complex of buildings of a chemical plant in the city of Tiszapalkonya (early 1960’s); and schools in the cities of Diósgyör and Ózd (1949). He has been awarded the Kossuth Prize.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999496340751648}
+{"content": "US to start Cyprus military training despite Turkey opposition\n\nUS to start Cyprus military training despite Turkey opposition\n2 min read\nWashington last year removed a decades-old arms embargo on Cyprus, defying Turkish opposition.\nTurkey and Northern Cyprus have warned against the arrangement [Getty]\nThe United States said on Wednesday it plans to conduct military training with Cyprus for the first time, a step that could anger NATO ally Turkey.\n\nThe US Congress last year ended a decades-long arms embargo on the island, whose northern third is occupied by Turkey.\n\nSecretary of State Mike Pompeo said the State Department for the first time will fund military training for the Republic of Cyprus as part of \"our expanding security relationship\".\n\n\"This is part of our efforts to enhance relationships with key regional partners to promote stability in the Eastern Mediterranean,\" Pompeo told reporters.\n\nThe cooperation will be part of the US International Military Education and Training program, which seeks to train foreign officers and increase friendly nations' interoperability with the US military.\n\nTurkey and the self-styled Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus had warned against the end of the embargo, saying it would cause unnecessary friction.\n\nThe United States imposed the embargo in 1987 in a bid to avoid an arms race and encourage a peaceful resolution on the island, whose population is majority Greek.\n\nCritics say the decision backfired by forcing Cyprus, now an EU member, to seek other partners even as Turkey, despite its NATO membership, angered the United States by buying an advanced arms system from Russia.\n\nTurkey invaded Cyprus in 1974 in response to a coup engineered by the then military regime in Athens that sought to unite the island with Greece.\n\nThe island has remained largely peaceful in the ensuing decades with Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot leaders working to build ties in recent years.\n\nBut tensions have recently flared over Turkey's drilling for gas off the island, with the European Union calling the move illegal.\n\nUS officials at the same time have encouraged the warming relations with Israel of both Cyprus and Greece.\n\nFollow us on FacebookTwitter and Instagram to stay connected", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9882926940917969}
+{"content": "I have data in the form of Section, Township, Range and meridian. I have 300,000 data points from all over the USA. Is there any way i can write R or python scripts to batch convert all the points to latitude and longitude? What kind of equations they use to convert it into latitude and longitude?\n\nI found this online tool which gives latitude and longitude of centroid and four corners of the section, but I want to do the same thing using R or Python.\n\n\nI tried to search online but couldn't find any information regarding this except online tools where we put information for each point manually.\n\nfirst few lines of my data:\n\nTownship    Range1  Section  QQ            Footages\n154 N       96 W      3     SWNE       1980 FNL  1980 FEL\n154 N       96 W      3     NWNE       660 FNL  1980 FEL\n136 N       83 W     22     NENW       330 FNL  2310 FWL\n141 N       81 W     18     SESE       660 FSL  660 FEL\n133 N       75 W     35     NWSW       1980 FSL  660 FWL\n132 N       48 W     11     NWSW       2310 FSL  330 FWL\n157 N       85 W     16     SESE       60 FSL  300 FEL\n140 N       77 W     6      SWSW       330 FSL  330 FWL\n  • Is your data in Shapefile format? text file?\n    – klewis\n    Mar 1 '16 at 20:12\n  • @klewis my data is in text file\n    – liferacer\n    Mar 1 '16 at 22:49\n  • could you add the first few lines of your data to the question so we can see the format?\n    – Spacedman\n    Mar 3 '16 at 7:39\n  • @Spacedman just added it\n    – liferacer\n    Mar 4 '16 at 2:18\n  • I don't really have an answer, so I didn't put it in that section. I think you will have a tough time figuring this out with the data you have. If you look at PLSS outlines you'll find that they are not regular. This makes it hard to use a single equation to convert them to Lat/Long, especially if they are not in the same region. It maybe best to find shapefiles from which you can locate the centroids. You could also try some government agencies (e.g. BLM, state GIS clearinghouses) as they may have some of the data you'll need.\n    – KevinB\n    Mar 31 '16 at 16:12\n\nYou can send a text file to BLM for batch processing.\n\n  • Welcome to GIS SE! As a new user please take the tour to learn about our focused Question and Answer format. Please edit your answer with some more information about what actually needs to be done and how this answers the question.\n    – Midavalo\n    Oct 27 '16 at 17:43\n  • Geocommunicator ceased functioning at the beginning of the year. Resources were moved, and your link currently redirects to the home page. It doesn't appear they take text files anymore, though maybe they do somewhere. All I can find is navigator.blm.gov/services which has a link to what is now a web service - you can still paste in, but there's also an API for submitting requests to the service.\n    – Chris W\n    Feb 8 '17 at 22:45\n\nThere is no formula/equation to convert from the PLSS to lat/lon. The PLSS is a reference grid, not a coordinate system (and note that it doesn't cover the entire US). To automate this, you would need to generate (or find - I don't know if one is out there) a coordinate lookup table for a script to reference or to use in a join.\n\nYour lookup table would need to have a common field with your data (which may require modifying said data). At a minimum this would be the township-range-section-qq, but there's an added complication. Township and range are specified from reference baselines and meridians. In other words, there is more than one Township 1 North, Range 1 West. The example you posted doesn't give any method of identifying which baseline/meridian to use, and if you're covering such a large area you will most certainly run into more than one of them. One you had this table with every qq's centroid by name/reference in one column and the lat/lon for it in another (or others), you can join or add those coordinates to your data and then plot them.\n\nAs you've seen, it is possible to find the lat/lon of the corners/centroid for a given grid reference. From looking at your data, you would need to do this at the QQ (quarter-quarter) level. For many, but not all, areas covered by the PLSS, you can download a grid dataset to generate centroids and then coordinates from. But there's no single source for the entire system, and not all sources go past the section level. You'll also end up with multiple points in the same location, since anything in the same qq will have the same coordinate.\n\nAlternatively you would have to find a service out there that can do this lookup for you. You've already found some tools that will do it one point at a time, but I believe some of them are also services (such as the BLM link in my comment on Dana's post). You have to learn the API and how to format your data for input, but it can be done in batch and not one at a time. Be aware most services like this have quantity limits that are either time or cost based.\n\n\nI've had to do something similar and opted to use the BLM GIS Rest Service. You can create a URL and the service will respond back with the coordinates. Unfortunately you can only send about 25 PLSS descriptions at a time due to the constraints of how long a URL can be. So, I created a list of URLs and used wget to batch process them. Here is an example of a URL I created (WA330200N0280E0SN340 is the first PLSS description):\n\n\nAfter creating a list of these types of URLs and putting them into a text file, I ran this code to get my resultant list:\n\nwget -i plss_working.txt -O out.txt\n\ngrep -A 2 \"plssid\" out.txt > new.txt\n\nThis is a bit cumbersome, but it worked!\n\n  • this looks like the right answer. what's this PLSS format you are using? What'd this convert to: Township Range1 Section QQ Footages 154 N 96 W 3 SWNE 1980 FNL 1980 FEL? that's the first row in his example.\n    – Dnaiel\n    Sep 18 '18 at 15:31\n\nAn R package has been developed to handle this. The documentation is very minimal, so you might have to explore it a little. I haven't used it, but the documented example works (I tested it). https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/sharpshootR/versions/1.6/topics/PLSS2LL\n\n\nI am also encountering the problem with converting the legal addresses (Section, Township, Range, Meridian) to latitude and longitude. I tried to implement the script to do this task based on some articles. Here is my Github link, here has the code for that. However, the code is the prototype version. It suffers from the accuracy of locating the position and can only query the location based on the first meridian. If you are interested in it, we can discuss more and figure out the solution. Thank you.\n\nThe method performs a calculation by using the offset of the township line and the range line. As mentioned in the here, the township line and the range line is 6 miles apart. I firstly extract the township number and the range number and then multiplying both of them by 6.0. It will yield a rough offset that how far a township line and a range line away from the start point (prime meridian & boundary of Canada and United States).\n\nAfter that, we can get an approximated position of the township (at the right bottom corner of the township). And then, I extracted the Section number. In a township, there are 36 sections, and each section is 1-mile * 1-mile block. So, I created a numpy array which indicated how sections are arranged in a township. I can calculate an offset to the section from the start point of the township based on adding the indices of that array\n\nI can then calculate an approximated bearing with python math.atan2(-range_offset, township_offset) if the location is at the west of the prime meridian. And convert the distance from miles to kilometers. Finally, I used the method in this repo to calculate the new latitude and longitude\n\n  • for batch conversion. You can use df['legal_address'].map(function), to batch convert the address based on the address column in your dataframe. Oct 11 '18 at 17:44\n  • It's better to download Cadnsdi or 24k grid and query it instead. The issues with the calculation listed above are,there are many Townships that are not 6x6 miles and many Sections that are not a sq. mile. Also, there are half Townships such as PM06, 92.5 West. Also, there are Indian Reservations inside a Meridian, such as Wind River in WY.\n    – klewis\n    Oct 12 '18 at 17:13\n  • Hi klewis, thank you for your suggestions. Currently, I am also trying do a batch lookup. I have another dataset that contains the geospatial information, areas and the legal address information. I am exploring whether it will be a better method to match them with legal address information. Oct 12 '18 at 18:57\n\nYour Answer\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5023603439331055}
+{"content": "Helen Fisher, Some Lessons In Love\n\nAs indicated by my reading list posted a couple of months ago (which has since been added to here), I’ve started to try to read more about the things that I felt that I did not understand so well. Most notably perhaps is this book “on love” by Helen Fisher. Lest there is any innuendo it is not a book about technique nor does it attempt to explain love to those who have never known it, instead it assumes that we have all been there. In fact, the book attempts to explain the neurological mechanisms of love (specifically romantic love) and describes how science has helped reveal these mechanisms to us.\n\nI have long been intrigued by such matters. As an undergraduate I lived as the sole atheist in a bunch of people who were very active in the Christian Union. In our debates, pity was often expressed toward my wholesale belief in science (with, funnily enough, very acknowledgment of my faith in science) precisely because of how they saw it to be demeaning of emotional concepts like love. The story goes that if you are in love with someone and God didn’t make you, and that if instead the person who loves you only ‘loves’ you because of the chemicals that are flooding their brain, that feeling is somehow false and invalid.\n\nThis book does a pretty good job of shooting a hole right through that nonsense. I can hear some from the back who might say that I should not have let such spurious talk bother me but I did often approach the same question from a philosophical point of view: if our brains are just (peculiar) meat then why on earth do we feel sensations like love that are so outside of our common-place experience? You have been there, you know that amazing sense of security and sense of purpose that comes from love (and again, specifically romantic love). Well the answer is obvious: to trick us into the rather risky but biologically essential practice of farting out babies.\n\nThere is a great chapter of this book that concerns experiments under fMRI that show which brain regions are involved when we think about the people we love, both those we have won and those we have lost. I appreciate that the brain is the organ that science knows least about but the evidence presented is very persuasive to the lay reader. This evidence is supported by a questionnaire conducted across different cultures and age groups that points to a pretty consistent human experience of romantic love, this goes some way to showing that while some social conventions can have a superficial impact on the personal experience of romantic love, there are a number of commonalities that we all share.\n\nAnswering those nagging doubts about whether emotions are real or just a ghost in a machine was not my only motivation for reading this book. I think I was also searching for validation of my own experiences and specifically why there is one particular person that I cannot seem to get out of my head. I did not find those specific answers and of course I was naïve to think that I could. Nevertheless, this is an interesting and humane book that discusses many aspects of love (both the good and the bad) in a calm and supportive way. I think if we were all to be more aware of the issues raised in this book it may help us to be more compassionate to one another.\n\nAt the same time, I have read “The Happiness Hypothesis” by Jonathan Haidt, a book that seeks to explain how ancient wisdom and modern psychology can come together and help us to be more happy. As a spoiler I shall say that this is an excellent book and I shall be writing a post about it in due course.\n\n· Helen Fisher, Non Fiction, Books, Twelve, Self Improvement\n\n⇠ Another Reading List\n\nA Case For Yellow As Your New Favourite Colour ⇢", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9925106167793274}
+{"content": "Los Angeles-based pop artist Sheer is quickly taking the entertainment industry by storm with her chic style and catchy, danceable songs. Her charisma and unique voice have been compared to Ariana Grande and Selena Gomez. “Beep” was produced by Grammy Award winner Emile Ghantous (Pitbull, Snoop Dogg, Charlie Wilson).\n\nHer love for music stemmed at an early age, leading her to act in school plays and take vocal lessons at age seven. Later on in high school, she majored in music and learned different styles such as jazz, funk, and classical.\n\nAt 17, Sheer auditioned for a delegation in Israel to perform in 23 states in America, performing for Jewish communities, singing and dancing for three months. This led to a fiery passion for singing and performing live.\n\n“I started as a small artist from Israel, I was in the military band and after I finished my military service, I moved to the states and got signed by High Table Entertainment. The game plan is to release as much music as I can. Get in the studio and try my best to learn everything from a few of the amazing producers I got to work with. Create a visual for every song, work a lot and have fun mostly. “\n\nUpon returning from the three-month tour, Sheer was accepted into the Israeli Military Band, where she then performed in front of soldiers, commanders, politicians, including the Prime Minister, developing her vocal abilities and live performance chops. \n\nShe also traveled to the United States to perform in front of thousands of people at galas in New York and Philadelphia. Her charisma and unique voice have been compared to Ariana Grande and Selena Gomez, making her a perfect fit for the pop music market.  \n\nHer latest track is a badass feminist anthem titled “Beep” and I really wanted to do a song that’ll empower women and will show the women’s perspective in a relationship. A song that’ll emphasize how women are the dominant ones. That’s how we came up with “Beep.” I’ve made many songs already, and this is definitely one of my favorites.” She reveals\n\n“I love empowering women whenever I write. Whatever makes me feel like a badass when I sing is my genre.”\n\nHer style and overall vibe is “inspired a lot from pop culture here in the states. Ariana, Selena, Camila are only a few of the people I look up to- but my style also comes from my country and my home, and that’s why it’s my different take on the music I love.”\n\nHer advice to young aspiring artists is clear and simple.\n\n“I think the best way to make it as an artist is being consistent with what you do. The more people who’ll know your name-the better. It’ll take time, it’s not a one-night thing, but if you’re committed and believe in yourself, I believe it can happen.”\n\nWhat is the favorite song you wrote and why? \n\nSo “Beep” is my second song being released, I co-write all the songs with the producers I get to work with. My favorite song I wrote isn’t released yet, but it’ll happen very soon. I love empowering women whenever I write. Whatever makes me feel like a badass when I sing is my genre. \n\nWho are your musical heroes?\n\nI have a lot of musical icons from Michael Jackson to Barbra Streisand, Bruno Mars to Whitney, Ariana Grande, Miley Cyrus and many many more. \n\nHow do you keep your creativity alive?\n\nA few of the things that always get me inspired is listening to songs I love, maybe try to create a melody or harmony above it. Dance in front of the mirror and even meditate. I don’t meditate often but when I do it always gets me creative and clears my mind. \n\nWho are some new artists you are loving these days?\n\nMy musical crush these couple of days has been Noga Erez. She’s an amazing singer and writer and I just love her overall vibe. \n\nFavorite movie or TV show?\n\nFRIENDS. A lot more but mostly friends. Always a classic.\n\n\nMy biggest achievement was probably getting signed. I never would’ve thought it’d happen to me. I come from a very small country, I came to the states, and got to work with amazing producers, an incredible team and meet a lot of great people in general.\n\n\nI don’t think I would change anything, I’m very new here so you guys have to give me some time to learn. Maybe in our next interview I’ll answer that question :).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6981924176216125}
+{"content": "10 Toxic Employee/Worker Traits (Types) & Dealing With Them\n\nWorking in a team can be a creative and helpful process at the same time, but it is also challenging. While you need to understand different people, you also need to work with them.\n\nIn this article, we bring you toxic employee traits and useful advice on how to discover them, but most important, how to deal with them. Be sure to read till the end to get them all.\n\n\n10 Toxic Employee Traits\n\nMaking Excuses Type\n\nThe worst trait for the team is to have someone who will find an excuse for everything. This type can kill the idea in the beginning. It isn’t always making excuses about the personal situation, but will always have a reason why something is impossible or unnecessary. Many outside things can influence their opinion – feeling under traffic or weather, they can demotivate the whole team.\n\nFor dealing with that type, you will need to stay positive in any situation. Try to be open and talk before working together. Also, if you notice they feel stressed or have a problem, communicate openly and change their mood. What is more, you can encourage others to share opinions and discuss ideas. Be sure they give you a weekly report of their work. But don’t worry, there are many work morale boosters to help you even in situations they achieved in bad influence in the group. Just be sure to use them as soon as you notice different behavior.\n\nComplaining Type\n\nNothing is more annoying than hearing constant complaining from your colleague. From personal problems to work environment – they always find something to complain about. Sure, everybody has bad days and it feels good to complain or just tell the bad situation from time to time. It can help you see other perspectives and think through them. Yet, the complaining type only wants to bring attention to them and needs others to feel sorry. Such a pessimistic person can easily change the overall mood.\n\nBefore solving a situation, try to be empathetic and listen to their problem. Sometimes, they just can`t find the right solution and only need the right advice. But, if this is common behavior, it can be very exhausting to solve. Be sure that you have listened to them and then direct their bad energy into finding solutions for problems.\n\nAggressive Type\n\nAggressive type is a very alarming employee trait in the group and definitely not an example of characteristics of a good worker. This can have bad consequences in stressful situations which can end with unwanted behavior. An aggressive person can’t control themselves and may offend other workers.\n\nThe aggressiveness can be both psychical and verbal and it is usually a sign of poor mental health and low self-worth, but can be also because of jealousy. Before hiring someone, you need to be sure how to find good employees and check their previous behavior. If you have a situation in the workplace, try to calm down an aggressive person, isolate them and try to speak alone. Going to training on how to control rage can be very helpful.\n\nindependent type\n\nPassive Type\n\nPassive or lazy type can slow down your project. This type of employee can be rather smart and creative, but needs constant motivation and boost to finish the task. They can be rather unhelpful to their colleagues and avoid any responsibility. What is more, it is very effective on the whole team and they might stop caring about the task. Finally, when the due date is close, they will finish it, but usually not quality.\n\nIf you have this type of employee, try to divide the project into smaller segments. Manage and monitor their work regularly for small business goals and motivate them with small prizes when they finish tasks. Also, bring them onto educations and try to help them find their best qualities. People who are satisfied tend to be more productive.\n\nGossiping Type\n\nIt’s one of the toxic employee traits that you can deal with most often. Gossips are common in every office but tend to have both positive and negative effects. The positive effect is an unofficial communication channel where superiors can find out what others think about them and their work. The negative is that most stories are made up and can cause splits between colleagues. They usually talk negatively and spread a toxic atmosphere in the office.\n\nYou need to stress that gossip is forbidden in the workplace. No discrimination or avoidance should be tolerated. If you hear somebody gossiping, be open and ask them if you want to ask that person about the truth of that story. Also, gossiping can use much time and you can warn your team if you notice them talking. Spreading gossips can cause mistrust among colleagues and endanger the project.\n\nIndependent Type\n\nMany people can’t work in a team and they need to find another type of job, but if you get an independent type into your group, you will need to balance the situation. Usually, this is a typical know-it-all who avoids others’ advice and ideas. This person can be talented but can act better than the others. People who are team players tend to avoid that kind of personality and it may be a problem to make the teamwork.\n\nIf you need to deal with it, then give them more responsibility, like keeping the project track or finishing my due date. That type can be very motivating and can teach colleagues a lot. Also, there is much training where you can teach them how to help others without looking arrogant.\n\nchess fight\n\nNarcissist Type\n\nPeople who can finish the job on their own are ideal for solo projects, but those types can ruin a team project. They usually don’t believe in teamwork and might avoid communication with others. Also, they might take credit for all teamwork done together, which is very unfair to others.\n\nIf you want to prevent negative and toxic behavior, you need to be aware that much effort should be given. First, try to get to know each member of a team. Then, try to stress which is each other’s best trait. They lack empathy but can overreact if you complain about them, so be sure that you talk openly, but tentative. Praise teamwork and make sure you convince them working together was their great idea.\n\nSexually Harassing Type\n\nSexual harassment is the most serious foul some employees can make. No matter of sex, it can hurt another person on a professional and personal level. Also, it can cause serious problems, like low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. This involves any type of inappropriate sexual behavior or remarks. It can be both physical and verbal but can cause equal damage.\n\nIf you notice or are offered any time sexual offer and you find it inappropriate or it hurts someone`s feelings, you need to report it. Those types must be removed quickly. If you know the victim, don’t silence it: always check the story twice since everybody is innocent until it is confirmed. If you want to prevent that kind of behavior, be sure that your colleagues know all about it and can recognize it quickly.\n\nLying Type\n\nThe toxic worker is somebody who lies a lot. From little lies about why are they late for work or need a day off to bigger ones like why is project late, they can give you misinformation that can change the whole view on the project. Also, it can confuse the team and once you find the truth, you will lose the trust in them and the team can fall apart. Liars usually come with making excuses and this combination can be fatal for the project.\n\nIf you know the truth, you need to confront the liar. Be sure that you have a polite and emphatic approach, but tell them all facts you know. Also, double-check all information and be sure that your words can change their behavior.\n\nDisorganized Type\n\nThe team can properly work and finish the task if everything is on time and organized. A disorganized person can consume much time and slow down the whole process. There are different levels of disorganization. Some people have problems with time management, while others use data poorly. A simple sign, as a messy work desk, can be the first sign of the problem. Also, this person is usually late and can cause many delays.\n\nTime management is the most important for a disorganized team. You need to make a strict schedule everyone is stick to. Also, punish those who don’t finish tasks. They need to learn that people depend on them and you need to explain that well. To avoid procrastination, use everyday reminders and feedback. Or simply learn how to hire good employees.\n\nFinal Verdict\n\nOne toxic worker can be a great danger to the whole team. Some people are too independent and like to work on their own, while some make excuses or are very passive. All in all, toxic employee traits affect the whole team. To avoid it, you need to be aware of each and find the best solution for each member. For independent type, or to avoid fights, it might be a good solution to ensure them an isolated office with a nice adjustable chair with wheels, a cool filing cabinet, and a curved monitor for office work.\n\nJoana graduated in 2014. and has a master's degree in linguistics. The education makes her an expert in business communication while her 5-year work experience gives her expertise in business researches and writing. She has been working on several services as an editor and writer studying business cases and publishing results she has come to. She has established many collaborations with experts in human resources and management so she uses the knowledge of experts for writing the articles.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9648566842079163}
+{"content": "Published in Revista Peruana de Biología, Vol. 19 No. 3 (2012) at http://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/1055.\n\n\n\nThis commentary focuses on the importance that DNA sequence analysis has in biodiversity studies and the need for improving administrative procedures regarding biodiversity research in Peru. Given the rapid loss of biodiversity and natural resources in many areas of Peru, research aimed at identifying, characterizing, and describing biodiversity is a priority for developing appropriate conservation and mitigation strategies. For current and future research on Peruvian biodiversity and conservation, we emphasize the importance of using an integrative taxonomy approach, including the study of evolutionary processes associated with areas of high biodiversity and endemism. Additionally, it is essential that governmental institutions responsible for reviewing permit applications and research plans, focusing on biodiversity research in Peru, recognize and support studies that incorporate an integrative taxonomy approach. The use of modern techniques in the integrative taxonomy model in conjunction with efficient administrative procedures will be the best method for protecting Peruvian biodiversity.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999423623085022}
+{"content": "MGMT 430 unit 2 DQ\n\n\nDeliverable Length: 3 – 4 paragraph\n\n\nIn your role as the memory chip company’s production planning staff member, one of your tasks is to help the supply chain team focus on capacity planning. The company has determined it will use one or more of the following options to optimize capacity planning: The use of dedicated and flexible facilities: The      company has several permanent storage facilities and has used temporary      storage in the past. Flexible workforce: The company’s workforce      generally works 8–5 Monday through Friday, though some Asian locations      have different days of working. Management is considering adjusting      existing workforce time structures to meet planned demand. Subcontracting: With the planned demand increasing,      perhaps temporarily, subcontracting the additional resources might be an      option. Product design flexibility: The company is      considering modifying its factory production lines to be better able to      handle future demand. \n\nUsing course materials and other research, complete the following:  Identify one or more capacity planning methods that you      will recommend for the company, and explain the method and how      it is used in various industries. Are there other options? Identify the advantages and disadvantages of your      proposal. \n\nComment on other postings by critiquing the other proposals and suggesting aspects of your classmates’ plans that may have been overlooked. \n\nIn your own words, please post a response to the Discussion Board and comment on 2 other postings. You will be graded on the quality of your postings.\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9325246214866638}
+{"content": "Litho Printing Services from Podd Display\n\nWhy You Should Choose Litho Printing Services from Podd Display\n\nWhen it comes to printing on flat surfaces, fabrics, or other objects, litho printing services are some of the best ways to achieve this. Litho printing has been around for almost two centuries, although in the beginning, it was more an art medium than a business tool. Litho printing was invented in 1796 in Bavaria, and at the time, it was commonly used for mass reproduction of newspapers, prints, and art.\n\nIt completely changed the printing industry, and is still used with great effect today. At the time, however, the plates used for the process were often worn through too quickly by the rotary presses that were used, and as a result, the rotary litho presses became less and less popular.\n\nThe principle of litho printing is that water and oil separates. This means that pigment or ink can be transferred from a photographic plate onto a blanket or sheet made of rubber, and then the image can be printed on paper or other materials for the final result. There have been a lot of developments and advancements in printing technology, and the litho printing services offered today have a much higher quality and also other benefits that are enjoyed by people all over the world.\n\nWhen using litho printing services, you can expect the following:\n\n  • High-Quality Images: Litho printing services can be done in a clearer and more cost-effective way, as most other printing services, such as laser or inkjet printing technology. Other methods, such as gravure, are very expensive and often prohibitive, although the quality of the litho print is comparable, and even sometimes superior, to other forms of printing.\n  • Cost Savings: Because litho printing services are usually aimed at high volumes of printing, it makes the prints a lot cheaper per page. It is also fast and relatively easy to operate, and is the main method of printing for large volumes, such as magazines and newspapers, today.\n  • Variety of Media: One of the main benefits of litho printing services is that you can print on a large variety of media, such as fabrics, cardboard, and others. This means that you are not limited to printing on paper, as long as the print media has smooth surfaces, it is easy to get high-quality prints with the use of litho printing services.\n\nIf are looking for the best place to find high-quality and cost-effective litho printing services, Podd Display can help. We have all the experience, expertise, and technology to produce high volume prints at competitive prices. Give us a call today to find out more.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7612590789794922}
+{"content": "From the Great Plains to the Eastern Coast, a heat wave has actually been rolling over much of the United States, with temperature levels set to eclipse 100 degrees Fahrenheit on the East Coast and 110 degrees in the Midwest over the weekend.\n\nIn truth, July is anticipated to be the most popular month ever tape-recorded around the world\n\nIt ends up that heat waves can have a direct effect on just how much employees produce and make on a specific day. In truth, according to current research study, a hot day can reduce efficiency by as much as 24%.\n\nIn a 2014 paper, the financial experts Tatyana Deryugina of the University of Illinois and Solomon Hsiang of the University of California at Berkeley discovered that days with greater temperature levels had a remarkably big unfavorable financial effect\n\n“As we have more regular hot days, we anticipate financial efficiency to decrease,” Hsiang informed NPR’s “Market” in a current interview “This will most likely be rather subtle, due to the fact that one day is a bit hotter, you’re a bit less efficient, however those days will accumulate.”\n\nThe research study technique\n\nIn their paper, Deryugina and Hsiang integrated county-level temperature level information from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and earnings information from the Bureau of Economic Analysis in between 1969 and 2011 to see how hot days impacted financial efficiency.\n\nUtilizing a design that might represent distinctions in between counties and bigger nationwide long-lasting financial patterns, they discovered that warm and hot days had lower financial efficiency than cooler days. Their primary outcome was that per capita earnings in United States counties tended to increase with temperature level till striking about 59 F, and after that dropped as temperature levels got hotter.\n\nFor instance, they discovered that a day with a typical temperature level of about 84 F would trigger yearly earnings in a county to be 0.065% lower than if that day were 59 F rather. While that’s a little drop in overall yearly earnings, they kept in mind that this equated into the 84- degree day having to do with 24% less efficient than a typical day.\n\nThe primary findings\n\nThe most popular days, with temperature levels above 86 F, triggered yearly earnings in a county to be 0.076% lower than a 59- degree day. That would equate into the most popular days having to do with 28% less efficient than a typical day.\n\nIn dollar terms, they reported that “modifying a day’s temperature level from 15 ° C((******************************* ) ° F) to(******************************** )° C((************************** ).2 ° F )decreases yearly county earnings per capita by $1671 usually.” That is, in the typical United States county, financial activity per individual on a hot 84- degree day would have to do with $17 lower than on a cooler 59- degree day. Changing by county populations, they discovered that warm days cost the typical American about $4.80\n\nWhile that drop in earnings is relatively little on a specific basis, hot temperature levels throughout much of the United States can accumulate and have a larger effect on total nationwide financial activity. As a back-of-the-envelope price quote, a heat wave impacting a 3rd of the nation, or 100 million Americans, would have a financial expense of about half a billion dollars, based upon the $4.80- a-person price quote above.\n\nFind Out More: These maps reveal record heats in June, as researchers forecast July might be the most popular month ever tape-recorded in the world\n\nMapping the bigger patterns\n\nDeryugina and Hsiang discovered that the bulk of the financial damage from hot days originated from the farming sector. This is not excessively unexpected, because heat and dry spells can have quite clear direct effect on crop yields.\n\nThey did discover, nevertheless, that nonfarm efficiency likewise tended to decrease at greater temperature levels, probably from employees in temperature-sensitive professions working outdoors or in structures exposed to outside temperature levels requiring to take more breaks or work more gradually.\n\nIncreased temperature levels can have other results on employee efficiency. “Individuals make mathematical mistakes when temperature levels increase, so if you’re doing something that’s a really technical task, you might have mistakes sneak in,” Hsiang informed “Market.”\n\nThe scientists kept in mind that as environment modification results in greater typical temperature levels and more hot days, this financial effect might increase in the future. Utilizing their design for how hotter days impact efficiency, they discovered that under a “company as normal” climate-change forecast, the greater variety of hotter days might trigger financial development to decrease by 0.12 portion points a year. They likewise mentioned that this would be from hotter days alone and not other possible results of environment modification like increased flooding or natural catastrophes.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6438890695571899}
+{"content": "Where should we keep dream catcher?\n\nCan I put a dream catcher in the living room?\n\nDreamcatchers for Your Livingroom and Workspace\n\nLivingroom window – the living room is where we spend a lot of time when we are at home, so it’s good to have a beautifully handcrafted dreamcatcher adorned with crystals hanging on the window with lots of natural sunlight coming in.\n\nWhat is the true purpose of a dream catcher?\n\nPurpose & Meaning of the Dream Catcher. Sometimes referred to as “Sacred Hoops,” Ojibwe dreamcatchers were traditionally used as talismans to protect sleeping people, usually children, from bad dreams and nightmares. This Native American tribe believes that the night air is filled with dreams, both good and bad.\n\nWhat makes a good dream catcher?\n\nAuthentic dream catchers are made with a wooden hoop, usually made out of willow, and often have sacred objects (beads, feathers) hanging beneath the center of the circle. … For the most effective results, the dream catcher should hang above the crib or bed and must be exposed to sunlight.\n\nIs it bad to have a dream catcher?\n\n\nIT IS IMPORTANT:  Your question: Is a dream feed a full feed?\n\nDo dreams come true?\n\n\nWhat is the cost of a dream catcher?\n\nQuestions & Answers on Dream Catchers\n\nShape Min Price Max Price\nRound Rs 400/Piece Rs 799/Piece\n\nHow often should you change your dream catcher?\n\nEvery 4-6 weeks depending on the natural growth of your hair, and your stylist’s profession opinion. Your DreamCatchers must be maintained by a certified DreamCatchers stylist to keep your DreamCatchers warranty in good standing.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9979068040847778}
+{"content": "The Plant Hunters tells the story of our fascination with plants and the discovery of new species. Fromancient times, when Alexander the Great included naturalists in his entourage, this intriguing storymoves across the world, as plants such as coconut trees, roses and numerous fruits andvegetables were introduced from one country to another. The book traces the establishment of botanical gardens and the discovery through exploration of plantsthat made or broke economies, for instance tulips, tea and rubber. Travelling right around the world andthroughout history, this is the tale of the botanical pioneers who changed the face of landscapes.\n\nISBN: 9780233005164\nAuthor: Fry, Carolyn\nPublication date: 01/05/2017\nFormat: Hardback\nPages: 160\nDimension: 237mm X 185mm", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9946243762969971}
+{"content": "How fast is a kayak with trolling motor?\n\nHow fast will a kayak go with a trolling motor?\n\n\n\n\nIs it worth putting a trolling motor on a kayak?\n\n\nHow many pounds of thrust do I need for a kayak?\n\nGenerally, it is thought that for every 100 pounds of boat you should need 2 pounds of thrust. The thrust powers the vessel rather than determines its speed. Trolling motors tend to have a top speed of 5 mph on calm flatwater.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Does skating translate to surfing?\n\nHow many horsepower is 55 lbs of thrust?\n\nAnd here we mainly discuss the pounds to thrust on the boating field with a relatively limited thrust range commonly seen as below and not the jet engine field. So 1 hp trolling motor basically equals to 70 lbs of thrust, and about 0.6 horsepower is a 55 lb thrust trolling.\n\nHow many pounds of thrust do I need for a trolling motor kayak?\n\nIdeally, you need a minimum of two pounds of thrust per 100 pounds of weight you want to move. Most trolling motors are made for small boats, which means they have more than enough power to drive your kayak through the water. That said, power is still an important consideration because you don’t want too much.\n\nCan you put a trolling motor on any kayak?\n\n\nCan you put a motor on any kayak?\n\nFactory Power. Electric outboards and trolling motors allow an angler to install a motor on almost any kayak. But the trend in powered paddlecraft has led several manufacturers to release their own motorized mini-boats.\n\nAre kayak motors any good?\n\nThough designed for traditional fishing boats, trolling motors offer kayakers a number of advantages. They’re fast​ – Anglers need speed, and they want to get where they’re going. It can be miles to where they need to fish, and this isn’t a recreational paddle.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  What is the difference between breaststroke and butterfly stroke?\n\nWhat is the biggest trolling motor?\n\nMinn Kota has introduced the most powerful trolling motor on the market featuring 112 pounds of thrust.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6415181159973145}
+{"content": "Make Sure You Get A Perfect Picture With These Tips\n\nPhotography can be a very intimidating hobby to take up if you start with absolutely no knowledge on the topic. Many new photographers can be overwhelmed by all the resources out there. The following tips are essential tidbits of information that can benefit any photographer, and they are organized in an easy-to-read format so as not to be too confusing.\n\nIf you want to take professional grade photos, you need a professional grade camera. A dSLR camera is a great option for taking high-quality shots. The best photographers utilize these cameras and so must you.\n\n\nYou should strive to take new and original photographs. The best photos you take are the ones that reinforce your personal style and reflect the world as you see it. Stay away from taking classic pictures that people have seen a million times. Develop different angles for your photographs, and do not be afraid to explore your imaginative side.\n\nTry not to capture a gray sky in your pictures. When photographing outdoors, remember that overcast skies can make your photos look muted. If you really want or need a shot in overcast conditions, try a black and white picture to maximize contrast and improve the overall picture. If, on the other hand, the sky is clear and blue, include more of it but consider how the additional light affects the rest of your shot.\n\nPeople often believe that bright, sunny days are perfect for taking pictures. However, you are almost guaranteed to get flawed images if you take your shots in the direct glare of the sun. You have to deal with the various shadows that are cast, uneven lighting, and squinting subjects. If you can, take your pictures in the early morning hours, or in the late evening if you are taking photos outside.\n\nKeep settings for your camera simple. Figure out each of your camera’s controls individually, like shutter speed or aperture, before tackling the next. This way, you can concentrate on taking the shot instead of fiddling about with camera settings while your subject walks away.\n\nWhen choosing which of your photos to show others, choose the ones of which you are the most proud. Avoid showing every photo you have taken of a particular subject. It might bore people if you keep showing the same photo multiple times. Change things up regularly, and pick some unusual shots to show.\n\nDigital Single\n\nAnd the tips just keep on coming! Learn the basics about different types of shutter speeds. There are different settings on a camera. These include M, A, P and S. P is for program mode. This is the fully automatic setting of your camera, and it sets the aperture and shutter speed automatically for you. When you don’t know what you’ll be taking pictures of, it’s best to use this mode.\n\nA dSLR is a must have if you are seriously pursuing photography. This is a digital single-lens reflex camera, which provides the best method for seeing your subject immediately as the photo is taken. It’s best to have a full-frame digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera because these have the largest image sensor, and deliver photos with the greatest amount of detail.\n\nMost importantly, photography should be fun. Pictures should serve as a reminder for a particular moment that you would like to capture forever and be able to look back on in the future. If you allow yourself to have fun and experiment during the learning process, you are more likely to continue actively learning new techniques.\n\n\nIf you want to take great pictures, you have to take a lot of them; buying a big memory card will allow you to hold the many pictures you need to take. With more storage on a memory card, having room for photos does not have to be a worry. Another benefit of large memory cards is that they allow you to take shots in RAW format, and that enables a good deal of flexibility.\n\nIt’s a common misconception that sun-splashed days are the best for pictures, but you can ruin photos if you take them out in the sun. It can leave shadows and glare everywhere as well as uneven highlights. whenever possible, choose morning or late afternoon light, rather than mid-day, to shoot your outdoor photos.\n\n\n\nUse limitation to help you become more creative. For instance, tell yourself that you will only take pictures that revolve around a particular concept. Focus your shooting to one spot or room and shoot 100 varied photographs. Having these limitations in place can make you be more creative and think outside of the box.\n\nMemory Card\n\nMake sure to take a lot of practice shots whenever you are shooting in a new setting. Every photographing situation can vary widely, and taking practice shots will give you a feel for the environment. The lighting in any given setting can change, so make sure you take lots of practice shots between real pictures.\n\nIf you want to be able to take great photos, take lots of them. You’ll need a memory card large enough to hold them all. If you have a memory card that is large enough, you will never worry about being able to store additional photos on your card. Yet another advantage to lots of memory is that it allows you to shoot in a format called RAW, giving you greater flexibility when you edit it later.\n\n\nAlong with taking shots of people, objects, nature and animals, also take pictures of your souvenirs when you travel. Photograph the souvenir on the shelf in the store, or get a shot of it with the sales clerk. In this way, you can re-live the experiences that tell the story of your trip and the mementos you chose to bring back home with you.\n\n\nOnce you have chosen your photo and are going to press the button, make sure to stay still and not breathe. Even the smallest movement could make your picture come out wrong. Take a moment before taking the picture to gather your breath and ensure the shot is straight.\n\nPose your subject properly, even if it takes some time. If you find that photos taken during family gatherings never seem to turn out well, the problem could be due to the candid nature of the shot, and the resulting element of surprise. This increases the odds that more of your subjects will look good in your photographs.\n\nAnyone can become a great photographer, there are no secret methods. Practice your shooting to gain experience, and hone your skills. It’s not necessary that you develop or keep every shot yourself, particularly with digital. Take photographs of anything and everything, and then review them later for ideas and insights on how you might have gotten a better image.\n\nPictures of people should be a lot more than simply a picture of their faces. The human body has multiple parts that could be considered beautiful, and could be the subject of your photos.\n\nPlay with the notion of scale, perspectives and expressions. Any simple subject can be transformed into something artistic when it is used in a funny, unique way, or made to look much smaller or much bigger than it is. Get different takes on familiar objects by working on your compositions.\n\n\nThere are three important factors you need to consider when the subject of your photograph is a landscape. A good landscape has interesting content in the foreground, in the background, and also in between the two, in the mid-ground. These same principles apply to landscape painting.\n\nConsider the purpose of your picture before taking it. Some pictures just look better when they are shot vertically and vice versa. You can probably edit your photo either way once it has been downloaded, but sometimes, you can get a better result by using the right orientation in the first place.\n\nUse natural lighting. When taking outdoor photos, pick a time when the sunlight is low; generally late afternoon or early morning is best. When the sun goes high in the sky, there can be undesirable shadows cast and the subject may squint because of the harsh light. Use the sunlight better by properly positioning yourself where your subject just gets light from the side.\n\nUse ordinary objects for inspiration. Try composing artistically interesting pictures of ordinary things. Using everyday items, such as your cooking utensils or children’s toys, could be experimented with artistically through form and composition. You can make your photos as unique as you’d like. Try to make your pictures as original as you can.\n\nEducate yourself on using your camera’s ISO setting to achieve the best quality picture. The higher the ISO value, the wider the field of view, which translates into grainy prints. Image noise is hardly ever acceptable and may leave your image looking artificial if you attempt to fix it in post processing.\n\nWhen you are taking pictures in an environment with low amounts of light, the shutter speed should be increased. This will prevent the occurrence of blurriness. Try to go with a shutter speed that has a minimum speed of 1/200th of a second or 1/250.\n\nFilters are simply additions you can purchase for your lenses. They connect to the lens itself and can offer many benefits and effects. UV filters are generally the most used type of filter. This prevents harsh sunlight from damaging the lens. It also acts like a shield to keep your lens from being damaged if you accidently drop your camera.\n\nMake sure that the white balance on you camera is set manually. Almost all cameras automatically adjust the white balance. But, to control your own shots, manually set it. You can alter the mood of a picture by playing with the white balance, for instance by suppressing the yellow tint of incandescent lights.\n\nYou need good equipment if you intend to really get into photography. Some photographers become brand loyalists for this reason. While most professional photographers will use the name brand equipment, there are some others that provide good results as well.\n\nLow light pictures can be a challenge because of a tendency to blur. Keep steady hands whenever you are trying to get a low light shot. You may want to also let them take a rest on an object as you snap the photograph. The best option would be a tripod.\n\nRemember these tips and you should be able to take interesting pictures. As you practice, you will develop a style of your own. Refer back to these tips when you begin snapping pictures, and you will soon be on the path to success!\n\nIt is best practice holding your camera level with the person’s eyes when photographing them. This gives your photos that up-close-and-personal atmosphere and draws the viewer’s eye to the people in the photo. To capture the best angles of children, get down on their level.\n\nWedding stories", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.810544490814209}
+{"content": "Impossible to see love with a microscope\n\nLorraine Murray\nLorraine Murray\n\nWhenever I take a walk in my neighborhood, I carry my phone, so I can sneak up on wildlife. It may be a bumblebee foraging for pollen or a butterfly dancing upon a flower. Yesterday, I took a photo of a chipmunk, perched on a stone wall, calling for a mate.\n\nSome claim all the birds and beasts, flowers and trees, stars and planets are the result of chance. But when we look at the intricacy of the human body, the pumping of blood through veins and arteries, the autonomic nervous system that controls our breathing, it is ludicrous to point to chance.\n\nEnvision admiring a magnificent sculpture, such as Michelangelo’s famous David, and declaring: “This statue had no designer; it is the result of chance.”\n\nMaterialists say human beings are merely a collection of cells. They deny the human soul, because it can’t be seen under a microscope. As a former atheist myself, I recall my cherished mantra was “Seeing is believing.”\n\nBut the great poets didn’t write about mere flesh and blood, but about love, sacrifice, joy, hope and faith. We can’t perceive these abstractions with our senses, but they give life meaning.\n\nArtists depict the world to convey a sense of mystery, which goes far beyond physical matter. The Mona Lisa isn’t just a depiction of the body of a smiling woman, but rather an image that incites wonder and curiosity.\n\nPhysicist Michael Guillen describes himself as a former atheist, whose core assumption was “Seeing is believing,” until he discovered that, as a physicist, he had to believe in a world he mostly couldn’t see.\n\nIn a column in “The Wall Street Journal,” he writes, “When I learned that 95 percent of the cosmos is invisible, consisting of ‘dark matter’ and ‘dark energy,’ names for things we don’t understand, that core assumption became untenable.”\n\nLong ago, someone said, “They have ears, but they don’t hear. They have eyes, but they don’t see.” That someone was Christ, referring to people who are blind and deaf to the deeper realities of life, such as believing in God.\n\nThey say there are no atheists in foxholes, which makes sense, because the thought of non-existence after death can be terrifying, as it should be.\n\nWhen I envision a desperate person on the roof of a building, planning to jump, I picture a believer successfully changing her mind. After all, if she’s just a collection of cells that entered the universe by chance, how can we convince her not to jump?\n\nSuicidal people need reminding that they are inherently valuable and deeply loved. That inherent value comes from being made in the image and likeness of God. And even though we can’t see love under a microscope, the words “I love you” can save a desperate person.\n\nChrist said, “I have come that they may have life and may have it more abundantly.” Abundant life means savoring the joys of nature, and the wonders of art and poetry. It includes the truth of Christ’s words that “Man does not live by bread alone.”\n\nHuman beings live on hope and faith, love and joy, courage and honor. We live by beliefs that far exceed molecules and cells. We are alive because a grand designer called God created us out of love.\n\nLorraine’s email address is", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9173099398612976}
+{"content": "Understanding Non-Probability Sampling – A Brief Guide\n\nby James Whaley Master Marketer and Business Builder\n\nWhen it comes to market research, probability sampling is a methodology you often see, especially in quantitative research. On the other end of the spectrum is non-probability sampling, which by the names of it lacks the element of randomized selection probability sampling is known for having. It’s also true that, compared to probability sampling, non-probability sampling is considered a little unconventional in market research.\n\nThe reason behind it is quite simple. Non-probability samples don’t necessarily have the same rationale that probability samples typically boast. With the latter, we know that market researchers can gauge the probability of how effectively the sample represents the population. You can calculate – or use a statistical analysis platform to gauge – the sample's confidence intervals.\n\nNon-probability samples, on the other hand, might not be as effective in representing the population. Researchers prefer probabilistic sampling methods as they are more certain of the resulting sample being more accurate and rigorous.\n\nHowever, that does not mean that it is completely ineffective in representing the population being considered. The fact is that probabilistic sampling in market research is more widely applicable. It suits more research settings, which certainly doesn’t throw non-probabilistic sampling out the park.\n\nThere are opportunities in social research that may benefit from non-probability sampling, both theoretically and practically. For those instances when non-probability sampling seems more feasible, it’s important to have a basic understanding of what it is, its types, and when it can be used.\n\nNon-Probability Sampling\n\nWhat is it?\n\nAs mentioned before, non-probability sampling is a sampling technique that doesn’t have the randomizing effect of probability sampling. Instead, samples are chosen based on their own subjectivity – it’s not random. Members of the population being considered already know their chances of being selected, unlike probability sampling, where all participants have a somewhat equal chance.\n\nFewer rules are governing the how-to of non-probability sampling. However, it does require researchers with expansive research expertise to use their honed observational skills and proficient judgment to choose the sample. This is why non-probabilistic sampling is used more often for qualitative research, specifically exploratory studies and pilot surveys.\n\nWhat are the types?\n\nGenerally speaking, there are five different types of non-probability samples. These can be divided into two main categories, accidental and purposive. Most types of non-probability sampling fall under the latter of the two categories. When researchers use this type of sampling, they approach it with a precise plan in mind.\n\nLet’s get familiar with the five main types of non-probability sampling:\n\n1. Convenience sampling\n\nThis type of non-probability sampling is one of the most commonly used ones. There are various other names convenience sampling is known by, including accidental and haphazard sampling.\n\nThe reason being that researchers choose their sample based on their accessibility. People are easy to recruit, and hence, researchers choose them to answer the survey, questionnaire, etc., not really considering whether their choices are representative of the entire population.\n\nWhile it’s beneficial to a research’s accuracy that the sample represents all aspects of a population, there are some areas where the population is too large for the sample to be truly representative. Plus, it’s fast, cost-effective, and easily accessible.\n\nOne of the most common examples of convenience sampling is the classic street interview model many media outlets are now using. You simply walk up to people on the street because they are near and willing to answer your questions.\n\nSimilarly, some clinical tests also employ the convenience sampling method. This is mainly because clinical tests are high-risk, and the majority of a research’s population might not be willing to participate. So, they recruit those who are ready to volunteer.\n\n2. Consecutive sampling\n\nWhile it’s considered a distinct type of non-probability sampling, it is more of a convenience sampling sub-type. We say this because the basic principle of choosing the sample from a population is the same as convenience sampling.\n\nThe slight difference is that instead of letting go of the sample after participating in the survey, you pick that sample (it can be an individual or a group) and conduct research with them as participants for a period. This is mainly effective for research that involves many variables and/or multiple topics to cover.\n\nResearchers conduct their study, collect and analyze the results, and then move to another sample group if needed.\n\n3. Purposive Sampling\n\nAs the name suggests, this type of non-probability sampling method is approached with a specific purpose. Researchers build consumer personas with predefined traits they’re seeking and then go out looking for them. They use their judgment to deem whether the prospect is suitable or not. This is why purposive sampling is also called judgment sampling.\n\nYou might have seen this type of sampling in practice in shopping malls, where people holding clipboards stop a particular category of people and ask whether they want to participate in the research or not.\n\nWhat makes this type of non-probability sampling useful is that it helps researchers find their sample quickly while meeting certain criteria. Unlike convenience sampling, this type of non-probability sampling gives researchers a bit more control over what their sample looks like.\n\nHowever, there is a downside to purposive sampling. There is a chance that the researcher’s preconceived ideas about the population may interfere with the results. There are some ambiguities and other biases that can creep in and potentially skew the inference.\n\n4. Quota Sampling\n\nFourth on the list of non-probability sampling types is quota sampling, which is quite similar to stratified sampling. It’s all about choosing fixed quotas non-randomly. To better understand this type of non-probability sampling, let’s describe its two sub-types:\n\nProportional Quota Sampling is a technique where your goal is to choose a quota representing the population proportionally, based on a major characteristic. For example, consider your target population is an urban college of 1000 students, with 45% identifying as women, 50% identifying as men, and the remaining 5% as non-binary or gender fluid.\n\nNow let’s consider that you want a sample consisting of 200 people. If you’re using proportional quota sampling, you need 90 female-identifying, 100 male-identifying, and 10 non-binary/gender fluid-identifying students.\n\nGender identity is only an example of characteristics you can choose to set the quota on.\n\nNon-Proportional Quota Sampling is the opposite of its counterpart. It is a bit less restrictive in terms of representation in the quota. You have to specify the minimum number of members of your quota sample within a category. Matching the proportionality of the population is not a priority here.\n\nThe goal is to have enough numbers to give some semblance of representation of the population. This type of non-probability sampling is minutely close to stratified sampling that ensures adequate population representation in smaller groups.\n\n5. Expert Sampling\n\nExpert sampling can be considered a sub-type of purposive sampling. The definition is quite easy to understand. You are essentially looking for a sample of people who have demonstrated or proven expertise in a certain area.\n\nThis type of purposive sampling works for market research on niche products that require the experience and expert opinion of industry professionals. This panel of experts allows you to defend your research and make better decisions.\n\n6. Snowball sampling\n\nLast but certainly not least is snowball sampling. You begin with a small selection of prospects, using referrals to snowball the sample into a larger size. This non-probability sampling approach is suitable for instances where participants are hard to find due to the small sample size.\n\nAs mentioned, this type of sampling can be considered as a referral program. You find one or a few participants that check all prerequisite boxes and then asking them to refer other participants that meet the same requirements.\n\nClosing Thoughts\n\nWhile non-probability sampling might not be as actively used as other types of sampling methods in market research, it has some perks. For instance, they can be more favorable for online surveys that collect qualitative data. Plus, this methodology of sampling is cost-effective and faster to carry out. Researchers know what they are looking for in their sample, often being familiar with it.\n\nYou this simple tool to estimate your sample size.\n\nChoosing the right type of non-probability sampling depends on your research objective, budget, and population accessibility.\n\nSponsor Ads\n\nAbout James Whaley Advanced Premium  Master Marketer and Business Builder\n\n0 connections, 0 recommendations, 213 honor points.\nJoined APSense since, November 26th, 2020, From New York, United States.\n\nCreated on Nov 27th 2020 13:05. Viewed 123 times.\n\n\nNo comment, be the first to comment.\nPlease sign in before you comment.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9786677360534668}
+{"content": "Kovid changed, consumption increased, coal ran out; Why the power shortage? | Coal Shortage India | GIT Inventory Management\n\nIndia is not a country where there is a shortage of coal, India has the world’s largest coal mines. Yet why is there a shortage of coal in thermal power plants? Why is power generation itself declining and moving towards power shortages? One of the answers is Just In Time (JIT) Inventory Management. The heads of the National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), India’s largest producer of thermal power, point out that it was the consultants who brought about such reforms that led to today’s decline. To its secrets …\n\nHuge collection of old times\n\nSix years ago, all thermal power plants had coal reserves of 3 lakh to 5 lakh tonnes. Coal India Limited, which operates under the Ministry of Coal, will bring in and stockpile the mined coal. Coal stock is always available for one month of power generation.\n\nThat situation changed with the arrival of a few consultants. They reported that inventory management should be made more efficient. Storing coal weeks in advance will increase the cost. Instead, the cost can be reduced by just delivering coal (just in time inventory) for power generation. Their calculations were that adding and subtracting would also reduce the unit rate of electricity by 5 paise. This is Toyota’s power generation!\n\nTake and pay\n\nCoal India has been asked by all thermal power plant managements to stop sending coal earlier. Coal India also reduced its production with the advent of thermal power plants, which were stockpiling for only three or four days instead of producing and storing more. Switched from Take or Pay to Take and Pay.\n\nOne of the coal mines in India. Image: AFP\n\nThermal power plants will pay only for the amount of coal taken. According to the agreement on how much coal to take in a year, he stopped taking coal earlier and stopped paying. With that, it became impractical to dig and store more. Coal India also switched to mining only on demand. Coal production also declined due to Just In Time mining.\n\nThe arrival of Kovid\n\nDuring the Kovid period, power consumption fell sharply as all factories and offices were closed. The ‘load factor’ decreased in all thermal power plants. As a result, thermal power plants have further reduced their coal intake from Coal India. Coal India has demanded that the load be taken as per the contract but no one is listening. No one was willing to take on more coal and increase the cost of stocking it when power generation was low. The fear was that the ‘inventory carrying cost’ would increase.\n\nMissing demand increase\n\nIn fact, during the Corona period, when power consumption was low, all thermal power plants could have stockpiled large coal. It did not. Efficiency and cost reduction were considered important. At that time, it was thought that the corona period would be over and electricity consumption would increase rapidly and then more coal would be required.\n\n\nOne of the coal mines in India. Image: AFP\n\nExperts say the JIT theory may be correct in some places. But what if you see an increase in demand and fail to plan accordingly? That is where the Union Electricity Ministry also made a mistake.\n\nPithead Thermal Power Station\n\nThe 17 thermal power plants generating 35,000 MW across India are close to the coal mine. All but a few of these ‘pithead’ thermal power plants (mines within 20–30 km) are currently in crisis. They are digging themselves. Coal is delivered by their own rail line. NTPC has such thermal power plants and private trains. Coal trains do not run on Indian Railways. Even at such plants, the coal stockpile is now low, despite the proximity of the mine. Whose fault is it?\n\nOld-fashioned mining methods\n\nAlthough India has one of the largest coal reserves in the world, Coal India uses very old methods. There are no advanced technologies. There are no advanced machines. Millions of workers are still employed. Coal India has 2.75 lakh employees in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Bengal and Madhya Pradesh. An area where no reforms can be implemented.\n\n\nEnvironmental activist with coal-stained hands. Image: AFP\n\nWoe to the Railways!\n\nThe inefficiency of Indian Railways is causing problems in coal debt. There are not enough goods racks. Goods trains are delayed indefinitely.\n\nSeason mining\n\nDuring the months of August, September and October every year, coal mining in North India slows down due to rains. At the same time, power consumption is declining. It is during these months that electricity is used less for agriculture. Time after harvest. However, those who kept stock for at least 15–30 days of power generation switched to three or four day stock with the introduction of Just In Time Inventory. In short, there is no coal stock.\n\nCoal production\n\nIndia’s coal production is 73 crore tonnes (2019–20), but in 20–21 it dropped to 71.6 crore tonnes. Power generation was also declining due to the Kovid period. Now? From April to September this year, coal production was just 31.5 crore tonnes. That is not the fault of Coal India alone.\n\n\nThermal power plants have been negligent in estimating the increase in demand. Consumption increased in September-October. Their consumption forecast was much lower than current. They did not see that Kovid would change rapidly and consumption would increase. Coal was not stockpiled accordingly.\n\nDuring the last week of September and the first week of October, the demand for electricity increased by 15% compared to the demand in 2019. Accordingly, there is no coal. That is the reason for today’s crisis. Just in time inventory can take months to replace. Another way is to modernize the mining itself and increase coal production. It’s just that it will take time.\n\nEnglish Summary: Why there is Coal Shortage in India; An Analysis\n\n\nLeave a Comment\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6140044927597046}
+{"content": "11 Nov 2021　Category - article\n\nWhat causes hair to turn grey?\n\n    You’re going about your normal life and suddenly you look in the mirror and see a few strands of white hair.\n\n    When you look at your hair in the mirror, you will see that it is white.\n\n    However, there are many people who feel that they are the only ones with grey hair compared to the same generation.\n\n    In this article, we will try to explain the causes of grey hair, how to improve it, and the effects of where it grows.\n\n    We hope this will be of help to those who suffer from grey hair.\n\n    Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)\n\n    How hair turns grey\n\n    The hair follicles contain hair matrix cells, which are the cells that produce hair.\n\n    The melanin pigment that decides the colour of the hair is called melanocytes (pigment forming cells), and they are next to the hair matrix cells that are the source of hair tissue.\n\n    However, the cause of grey hair is a decrease in the functioning of the cells, which means that the melanin pigment is not produced or passed on to the hair matrix cells, resulting in grey hair.\n\n    Let’s take a look at some of the causes of grey hair.\n\n    What are the causes of grey hair?\n\n    There are many factors that can cause grey hair, so check if you are doing anything that could be causing it.\n\n\n    The most common cause of grey hair is heredity.\n\n    Hair cells are inherited from parents, so the influence of heredity is very strong.\n\n    For example, if one of your parents has thinning hair, there is a greater chance that your child will also have thinning hair.\n\n    Similarly, you can tell if you are likely to grow grey hair by looking at your parents’ hair.\n\n\n    The second strongest cause of grey hair is the effect of aging.\n\n    The hair matrix cells and melanocytes that produce hair work less and less due to aging.\n\n    So, after a certain age, it is easy to grow gray hair.\n\n    Especially after the ’30s, grey hair will increase in many cases.\n\n    [Nutritional deficiency】\n\n    As the cause of grey hair, it is thought that the function of hair matrix cells decreases by lack of nutrition and grey hair increases.\n\n    When the proper nutrition is not taken, it affects the development of hair and the function of hair matrix cells that make hair is also decreased.\n\n    The nutrients from the food we take from our body are distributed throughout the body and reach the hair last.\n\n    So, it is important to manage your diet to get proper nutrition.\n\n    [lack of sleep]\n\n    It is said that the best way to sleep is to get about 7 hours of sleep every day, but if you don’t get a good night’s sleep every day, your body won’t be able to rest properly and your hair will be affected by the decline in body functions.\n\n    During sleep, cell division is activated, which leads to hair growth and body growth, but if you don’t get enough sleep, your body will become tired and will not be able to recover properly.\n\n    [Lack of exercise】\n\n    In our twenties and thirties, we don’t get the chance to exercise as much as we used to.\n\n    If you don’t move your body, your body’s functions will start to decline little by little.\n\n    The flow of capillaries, which can be the cause of grey hair, is also reduced when you don’t exercise, which makes it harder for nutrients to reach your hair.\n\n\n    In today’s modern society, we need to learn how to deal with stress in a good way. This stress is said to be one of the factors that disturb the autonomic nervous system of the body, and the stimulation caused by stress can lead to physical problems.\n\n    Of course, the same is true for hair, where the functioning of hair matrix cells may be reduced and the flow of capillaries in the scalp may be impaired, making it difficult for healthy hair to grow.\n\n    Spending time in a distressed or overly stressed state can also lead to more grey hair.\n\n\n    In some cases, diseases cause the function of melanocytes and hair matrix cells to decrease, resulting in grey hair.\n\n    Also, alopecia areata and other diseases are very common that the first hair that grows back after the loss of hair grows back as white hair with no melanin pigment being cultivated.\n\n    When you are ill, your body works less well and this may have a small effect on your hair.\n\n    Causes of grey hair from teens to 40s\n\n    In fact, the rate at which grey hair grows varies greatly with age.\n\n    However, some people start going grey at a young age, and many people in their 40s still don’t have many grey hairs.\n\n    We would like to explain what causes grey hair in each age group.\n\n    Causes of grey hair from teenage years\n\n    • Heredity\n    • Disease\n\n    The most common cause of grey hair in the teenage years is the influence of heredity. There are rare cases of youthful grey hair or grey hair growing in one part of the body.\n\n    Causes of grey hair in your 20s\n\n    • Genetics\n    • Lack of nutrition\n    • Lack of sleep\n    • Stress\n\n    These are the three most common causes of grey hair in your twenties.\n\n    In this generation, when you start working, living alone and the stresses of work are also likely to cause you to go grey.\n\n    The lifestyle is different from when you were a student, and you have to be careful because lack of sleep and irregular eating habits can also affect you.\n\n    Causes of grey hair in your 30s\n\n    • Heredity\n    • Lack of sleep\n    • Lack of exercise\n    • Stress\n    • Aging\n\n    Many people in their thirties start to show signs of grey hair.\n\n    In general, the number of people with grey hair increases in their thirties, as they become more stressed at work and at home, and their bodies become more tired, which leads to aging.\n\n    In our 30s, we are more stressed at work and at home, and our bodies become more tired, which leads to aging.\n\n\n    Causes of grey hair in your 40s\n\n    • Heredity\n    • Lack of sleep\n    • Lack of exercise\n    • Stress\n    • Ageing\n\n    In your 40s, the percentage of grey hair increases significantly, making you look and feel older than you are.\n\n    Some people will continue to have black hair, but in general, the proportion of grey hair will be between 20% and 40%, and in many cases, the number of grey hairs will be higher than in the 30s.\n\n    How to improve your grey hair\n\n\n    It is not possible to prevent grey hair due to heredity, but it is possible to improve grey hair if it is caused by other factors.\n\n    In some cases, the hair will return to black by allowing the body to work properly and by allowing the melanocytes to develop melanin pigment.\n\n    Let’s take a look at some of the ways to improve your hair.\n\n    Improve your lifestyle\n\n    Improving your lifestyle will help to prevent grey hair as it will help to restore normal body functions.\n\n    In particular\n\n    • Nutritional deficiencies\n      >>protein, minerals, and vitamins\n    • Lack of sleep\n      >>Get 7 hours of sleep a day.\n    • Stress\n      >>Make sure your life is stress-free.\n    • Lack of exercise\n      >>Do moderate exercise twice a week\n\n    etc. are very important to make your body less likely to grow grey hair by being aware of them from your twenties.\n\n    How to deal with grey hair\n\n    If you have grey hair, you may be wondering how best to deal with it.\n\n    Here are some examples of common cases.\n\n    Is it safe to pull out my grey hair?\n\n    If you have a few grey hairs growing in, it is quite common for people to pull out the visible grey hairs.\n\n    Pulling out grey hair is not a good idea as it damages the skin and cells at the root, making it harder for new hair to grow and more likely to break out.\n\n    It is tempting to pull it out, but be careful not to pull out too much of the same area, as this can cause the hair to thin.\n\n    If I cut my grey hair from the root, will it matter?\n\n    If you cut the hair from the root, it is one of the most effective ways to make the grey hair invisible in terms of appearance.\n\n    However, as the number of grey hairs increases, the more grey hairs you cut from the root, the more visible the grey hairs will be on the top of the head and other parts of the head, because when the short hairs grow out from the root, they will look tangled.\n\n    If you have only a few grey hairs you will still be fine, but if you have 10 or more grey hairs you will not be able to cope with cutting from the root.\n\n    Dyeing your hair grey\n\n    If you have more than a certain amount of grey hair, we recommend that you try dyeing your hair grey for the first time.\n\n    When you hear the word “grey hair dye”, many people think of a pure black hair colour, but nowadays it is possible to blend in by changing to a brighter grey hair dye or a colour that is somewhat lighter, like a fashion colour.\n\n    Be careful with self hair dye\n\n    There are many people who dye their hair gray by themselves, but commercial gray hair dye is more irritating and damaging to the hair and scalp than hair salon colour.\n\n    In addition, the colour of the colour is made to be dyed well, so it is easy to become black.\n\n    Many people who dye their hair grey think that they would like to have a brighter colour in the future, so dyeing your hair grey at a hair salon will bring you closer to your ideal hair colour.\n\n    Does the cause of grey hair depend on where it grows?\n\n    Different people have different areas where grey hair tends to grow.\n\n    Some people get most of their grey hairs around their face where it is easiest to notice, while others get grey hairs from the side of their hair.\n\n    Here are some of the causes of grey hair in different places.\n\n    Many grey hairs around the face\n\n    The area around the face has nerve cells, and with the increased use of mobile phones and computers in today’s society, eye strain and active nerve cells can lead to grey hair.\n\n    Grey hair is more common in the parting area\n\n    The parting of the hair is the most vulnerable area to UV rays and external stimuli such as direct sunlight. Due to the effects of these stimuli, the area may become inactive due to active oxygen and grey hair may grow.\n\n    Many grey hairs at the back of the head\n\n    If you have a lot of grey hair at the back of your head, it may be due to hormonal imbalance such as irregular periods. Moderate exercise and a good diet are effective ways to improve the functioning of the internal organs.\n\n    A lot of grey hair in places around the ears\n\n    In some cases, a poor oral environment such as tooth decay or dental abscess may be the cause of grey hair.\n\n    If you are looking for a hairdresser to dye your hair grey, come to Baroque hair and nais\n\n    There are many people who are thinking of dyeing their hair grey but want to keep their hair colour stylish.\n\n    Nowadays, there are many ways to dye your hair without making it look grey.\n\n    At Baroque hair and nails, we offer a range of services to help you avoid looking like you have dyed your hair grey, such as highlighting, fashion color, and other services to help protect your scalp and hair.\n\n    The decision to dye your hair grey depends on the number of grey hairs you currently have.\n\n    We will be happy to advise you on the most suitable service for your hair colour problem.\n\n\n\n\n\n    LONDONBAROQUE Hair and Nails\n\n    4 Pollen St London W1S 1ND\n\n    English Line 020 7629 3940\n    Japanese Line 020 7491 2209\n\n    Follow Us\n\n\n    〒150-0001 Tokyo, Shibuya City, Jingumae, 3 Chome 5-10 2F\n    〒150-0001 東京都渋谷区神宮前3丁目5-10 2F\n\n    English & Japanese Line 03 5411 3011\n\n    Follow Us", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8461548089981079}
+{"content": "Civil Rights and Political Space\n\nCivil Rights and Political Space\n\nby Thomas J. Sugrue\nRandom House, 2008 688 pages $35\n\nSWEET LAND of Liberty is a survey of the northern civil rights movement. Thomas Sugrue, a history professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has read a rich, secondary literature and added much research of his own. His definition of civil rights is broad, as is appropriate. He begins in the wake of the Great Migration of World War I, when significant numbers of southern blacks migrated to northern cities and ends in the present. If not the “forgotten struggle” that he advertises, it is the fullest one-volume history we have of northern civil rights activity. He arranges the narrative chronologically, although this organization is cloaked by expressive chapter titles that suggest mood more than subject or time—“God Have Pity on Such a City,” “Unconditional War.” Sugrue tells many fascinating stories of challenges to racial barriers in housing, public accommodations, employment, and schools. But the book lacks a structure that can sustain 543 pages of text.\n\nBecause his purpose is to record the long history of black activism and demonstrate that there is still much to be done today, Sugrue slights assessments, non-racial sources of change, and the structure of power that activists faced. He rarely evaluates strategies that transformed institutions and social relations and those that did not. He privileges the confrontation over the outcome, the revolutionary manifesto over mundane politics. He rarely explicates the activists’ ideas, and when he does, they seem too simple and contemporary. And, remarkably, we never meet an activist who had bad politics.\n\nSugrue begins by telling us that we know only one civil rights story, the “morality play” that eliminated the two signatures of southern racism—Jim Crow and black disenfranchisement. In this script, the northern movement, which did not confront the legalized proscriptions, does not exist. True enough. But Sugrue goes further, stating that the “North was never a place of primeval racial innocence,” as if anyone seriously made that claim. One does not need to idealize the North to conclude that southern proscriptions were different and, yes, more comprehensive than those in the North.\n\nQuoting northern blacks who called Cleveland “Alabama North” or Philadelphia “Up South,” does not expunge distinctions. Such expressive proofs make it unnecessary to ask how race and racism functioned in the North. And, if Cleveland was Alabama, one wonders why Alabama blacks traveled to Cleveland from World War I until 1970. Although racism existed in the North, race was never the organizing principle of northern society the way it was in the South. Characterizing colonial America in Many Thousands Gone (1998), Ira Berlin wrote that the North was a society wi...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7724218964576721}
+{"content": "ISSN 2330-717X\n\nWhen Elephants Fight: How Small States Survive – Analysis\n\n\nSmall states are at risk when the international rules-based multilateral order weakens while oftentimes, the resilience of small states is ignored. What are the implications on the survival of small states in this digital age characterised by geopolitics, challenges such as terrorism, cybersecurity and great power competition?\n\nBy Hui Ying Lee*\n\nAt the 2019 Forum of Small States (FSS) in New York on 25 September 2019, Singapore Prime Minister Lee highlighted the strengths and vulnerabilities of small states. Some states tend to present their smallness as a bargaining chip, to render themselves as weak, vulnerable or benign. However is being “too small” a disability? The constraints in which small states face are inherent, such as territorial security, natural resource dependence, economic challenges.\n\nThere is an increase in security threats due to the rise of hegemonic neighbours. Nepal for instance is sandwiched between two hostile neighbours, India and China. Non-traditional security issues like climate change and technological advances are also examples of impending challenges facing small states and they may have to realign their strategies to effectively navigate these uncharted waters in 2020.\n\nChallenges Ahead\n\nHistory is re-enacting itself where big countries are acting normally (according to realists’ view), with an aggressive America and a rising China. Unlike a bipolar system of the Cold War era where there is an alternative ideological system, there is no clear possible outcome to the great power competition except for discontent with the current order.\n\nThe unfolding of the digital age to a large extent complicated insecurity faced by both great powers. Tensions have been created not just in the traditional military sense but has now evolved into a Tech Cold War. The takedown of Huawei, particularly its participation in the roll-out of next-generation 5G mobile networks globally, revealed that the issue between both powers is not simply about economics.\n\nThe digital age brings about a new information environment and an increase in the speed of interactions which smaller states have to grapple with, especially considering their limited diplomatic resources. Comparatively, the Cold War was relatively easier to analyse.\n\nIn this digital era, there are tonnes of data available every second. New digital security concerns such as “Deepfakes” are increasingly finding themselves venturing into domestic politics and international affairs. “Deepfakes” may potentially be used to incite violence or result in misperceptions between powerful giants. The likelihood of such instances is high, since Trump has been well known for conducting “Twitter diplomacy”. \n\nThe new information environment has heightened states’ anxiety where there is a risk of reading, hearing, seeing false information. Small States are increasingly having a narrower room to manoeuvre.\n\nWhere Does the Strategy of Small States Lie?\n\nCan states that are militarily weak but strong economically translate economic power to political power? In the World Economic Forum’s 2019 Global Competitiveness Report, Singapore is ranked the world’s most competitive economy, placing it way above the United States. Likewise, countries like Switzerland and Denmark take their places among the top ten.\n\nSmall states have traditionally been perceived as “lagging behind” the bigger counterparts. This may not hold true in recent years. In Small states, it is much easier to track and forecast development trajectories due to their smallness and agility. “Strategic pragmatism” has been consistently applied by Small states such as Singapore, Malta and Finland. \n\nHowever, the emerging challenge is that international economics is developing into a geopolitical economic trade war between the China and the US. Small states are highly dependent on exports and imports. In 2018, Singapore’s total exported goods represent 72.8% of its overall Gross Domestic Product(GDP). The same goes for Caribbean countries such as Belize and Barbados. \n\nSmall-sized economies and dependence on exports and imports put small states at risk of trade shocks. It has been forecasted that Singapore will be affected the most from the US-China Trade war in 2020. Furthermore, smaller states are at risk of being dragged into the ongoing competition. Singapore, for example, was added to the US watchlist for currency manipulation, one that was targetted at China.\n\nNiche Strategy: Small States as Norms Entrepreneurs\n\nDue to the changing geopolitical climate, small states are increasingly investing in niche strategy, enhancing their soft power in order to improve their foreign policy credentials and capability as “norms entrepreneur”. Switzerland topped the 2019 Global Resilience Index. Norway is often known as the “international capital of peace”.\n\nLike how the smaller countries in Scandinavia are exporters of peace and culture, Singapore is considered as a choice for education and its stable economy. With more recent events to add on to the list, Singapore is increasingly being considered as an ideal place for landmark meetings, an honest broker or diplomatic moderator. \n\nSmall states’ focus on developing their international presence has advanced faster in the digital areas. Singapore, Denmark and Finland are ranked among the top ten for the 2019 Government AI Readiness Index. Bigger countries such as India and China are ranked 17th and 20th respectively. \n\nSmall states are better positioned in innovating faster than the bigger powers. Being small allows Demark to accelerate new technology deployment quickly. The development of Denmark’s Digital Growth Strategy from the proposal stage of a policy agenda to the conclusion and maturing of a plan took less than two years, one which would have taken longer compared with larger public administrations. \n\nElephants in the Digital Room\n\nThe media has been very much focused on the AI war between US and China and Trump’s constant attempts at preventing the outflow of technological expertise to China. Yet, these bigger powers are not the only elephants in the digital room. Small states are more advanced in the public and private developments of the AI industry. \n\nChina should look towards these small states and adapt some of their national policies to manage and advance its dream of dominating the AI sector by 2030. Likewise, there is no national AI policy in the US. AI investment and achievements in the US are mainly driven by private companies such as Google and Apple. The US could tap on the expertise of advanced small states in managing cybersecurity threats in addition to forming cybersecurity alliances. \n\nThat said, small states still have their own unique domestic challenges. Moreover, the threat of militarisation of foreign policy still persists. The defence spending in China, US and other countries continues to increase. It is highly unlikely that China will end up transitioning into a democracy. Will America then, be contented with China’s growing stature? With no end goals in sight, these small states will still face an arduous journey of seeking a safe shelter amidst the “raging elephants”.\n\n*Hui Ying Lee is a Senior Analyst with the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore.\n\n\n\n\nLeave a Reply\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5450975298881531}
+{"content": "Businesses & Financial News\n\nGreening Kenya’s Banking Sector\n\nBy Patrick Njoroge\n\nWe have a problem. The recently released State of the Climate in Africa 2020 report,\nindicates that in 2020, the climate indicators in Africa, were characterized by extreme\nweather events such as floods and droughts, increasing temperatures and accelerated rise\nin sea-levels. The associated impact was devastating.\n\nThe report also notes that by 2030,\nup to 118 million extremely poor people will be exposed to drought, floods and extreme\nheat in Africa, if response measures are inadequate. Additionally, climate change could\nfurther lower gross domestic product (GDP) in Sub-Saharan Africa by up to 3 percent by\n2050. And Africa is not alone.\n\nIt is against this dire backdrop in Africa and the world that the 26th UN Climate Change\nConference of the Parties (COP26) is convening in Glasgow, Scotland. It brings\ntogether governments, businesses, civil society and citizens with the expectation of\ncommitments to ambitious actions that are needed to counter climate change. Further\ndelays in these commitments or if they are unambitious would spell doom to our destiny.\n\nIn the build up to COP26, Kenya and other countries have been scaling up their climate\nactions at the sectoral and national levels. It is in this context that the Central Bank of\nKenya (CBK) issued Guidance on Climate-Related Risk Management (Guidance) to the\nbanking sector, on October 15, 2021.\n\nThe Guidance is aimed at enabling banks to integrate climate-related risks into their governance, strategy, risk management and disclosure frameworks.\n\nClimate change poses three broad risks to banks. First, the physical risk to the loan\nportfolio arising from damage or loss caused by climate and weather related events such\nas floods and drought. Second, the transition risk arising from the changes towards a low\ncarbon (green) economy.\n\nFor instance, the abandonment of previously well-entrenched energy sources such as coal may lead to banks being left with obsolete stranded assets that were used to secure loans. Third, liability risk that could arise from banks being sued for financing companies whose activities negatively impact the environment.\nNevertheless, efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change also generate business opportunities for banks. These include the adoption of low emission energy sources, development of new products and services, access to new markets, housing and resilient infrastructure.\n\nFinance sits at the center of business, and CBK’s vision is a banking sector that works\nfor and with Kenyans as spelt out in the Kenya Banking Sector Charter of 2019. Banks\nshould not just provide banking services, but should ensure they meet the needs of\ncustomers while also being aligned to environmental, social and governance\nconsiderations. In the context of the actions to reverse the climate crisis, we aspire for a\nworld where all financial services are green. Three milestones have been reached in this\n\nFirst, in 2015, the Kenya Bankers Association (KBA) launched the Sustainability\nFinance Initiative (SFI). The SFI aims at raising awareness on environmental, social and\ngovernance risks and financing within the banking sector. KBA has set-up a\ncomprehensive online training designed to enable banks to create long-term value for the\neconomy, society and the environment. Currently, all 38 banks are participating and over\n30,000 bankers have so far been enrolled.\n\nSecond, in January 2020, the first corporate green bond in East and Central Africa of\nKsh.4.3 billion was issued by the Acorn Group and listed at the Nairobi Securities\nExchange (NSE). The bond was also admitted on the International Securities Market\n(ISM) segment at the London Stock Exchange (LSE). The proceeds were used to build\nenvironmentally-friendly housing for university students.\n\nThird, in November 2020, Kenya’s largest bank, KCB Bank, was accredited by the\nUnited Nations Green Climate Fund (GCF) as the first financial intermediary for the\nimplementation of green financing in East Africa. GCF is the world’s largest climate\nfund, mandated to support developing countries raise and realize their Nationally\nDetermined Contributions (NDC) ambitions towards low-emissions, climateresilient pathways.\n\nWhile acknowledging these milestones, a lot more needs to be done to green Kenya’s\nfinancial system, and issuance of the Guidance will quicken the journey for the banking\nsector. Over the next one-and-a-half years, CBK will walk with banks to build capacity\nand integrate climate-related risk management in their day-to-day operations. In turn,\nthis will attract global funds that are looking for opportunities to finance initiatives that\nbuild climate resilience, and thus positioning Kenya as a premier green finance hub.\n\nFor Kenya and other countries, the time is now to build a truly sustainable financial\nsystem that works for and with the people. Ultimately all financing should be green. The\nstakes are high. There is no planet B.\n\nThe Writer is Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya\n\n 2,769 total views,  3 views today\n\nSocial Media Auto Publish Powered By :", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9987389445304871}
+{"content": "Germany, 2020\n\nThe Mystery of Ainsley Castle (working title)\n\nLizzy is not at all amused. She and her father have just moved far north to her future stepmother’s hotel on a dark and rainy island. It has little to recommend it except a sleepy, quaint town and the ruins of an ancient castle. But Lizzy is even less amused by her soon-to-be stepmother. Why is she always finding fault with her? One day, mysterious emails land in Lizzy’s account. Someone knows exactly who she is, what she’s doing – and even what she’s thinking! Who could it be? Then a young girl called Betty – Lizzy’s exact double! – appears on the scene. There’s no doubt in Lizzy’s mind that something really weird is going on. Lizzy, Betty, and their friend Mack, make it their job to unravel the mystery of Ainsley Castle.\n\nRowohlt Verlag / Rotfuchs\nGerman edition translated by\nBettina Münch\n315 pages, Hardcover", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9933037161827087}
+{"content": "Maps for\n\nMullion three coves\n\nA walk to the Victorian harbour of Mullion Cove via two sandy coves either side of where Marconi made history by achieving what was thought impossible by many of the scientific community at the time - the transmission of a radio signal all the way across the Atlantic.\n\nOS maps for this walk\n\nOS Explorer 103 OS Explorer 103 (laminated version)\n\n(blue badge = laminated version)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9993581175804138}
+{"content": "Restaurant health and safety is hugely important, for owners, staff members and customers. Failure to uphold high standards for health and safety can have all kinds of negative consequences, including illness, injury, decline in customers and end of operation. This means that, as a restaurant owner or manager, it is your responsibility to remain on top of health and safety in the workplace, and to implement procedures and processes that create a great, compliant environment.\n\nWe’ve compiled a list of our top 10 restaurant health and safety tips, covering everything from fire safety to restaurant mats and the hiring of a bespoke health and safety manager. Bearing all of these things in mind will help you to cultivate a workplace that is great to work in, great to eat at and guaranteed to pass any kind of test or inspection. \n\nFire Safety\n\nRestaurants pose a significant fire safety hazard, which means that it’s essential to have a detailed and comprehensive fire safety plan. By conducting a Fire Safety Assessment, you can identify any potential hazards and implement preventative procedures and solutions. It is also an opportunity to practice what you will do in an emergency situation. A proper Fire Safety Assessment will include the following:\n\n\n  1. Identification of potential fire hazards.\n\n  2. Evaluation, reduction and / or removal of said hazards. \n\n  3. Preparation of an emergency plan. \n\n  4. Implementation of emergency training.\n\n\nThis is something that you should review and update regularly. It is also something for which you should seek professional advice, to ensure that you are covering all bases and adhering to best practices. \n\nFood Safety\n\nFood safety is imperative in a restaurant, as the absolute last thing that you want is people becoming ill after eating your food. Not only will this earn you a poor reputation, but it is something that you may be liable for. To prove that you are operating to the expected standards, you may be subject to inspections by the local authorities. \n\n\nThere are many components to food safety, including rules and best practices with regards to the following: cooking, reheating, storing and cross-contaminating. These are all things which heavily intersect with proper cleaning and sanitation procedures, which we’ll get to in just a moment. \n\nThe best source of information for food safety is the Food Standards Agency\n\nStringent Cleaning Procedures\n\nAcross all areas of your restaurant, it’s important to have stringent cleaning procedures in place. They play an important role in both fire safety and food safety, mitigating potential risks as much as possible. \n\nThere are a lot of factors that you need to consider when cleaning. For example, something that you need to be aware of is the kind of cleaning products that you use. This is because you need to make sure that they are being used properly, in the correct amounts and places, to avoid causing any kind of contamination or harm. \n\nThere are also several things that you can do and implement throughout your restaurant in order to make cleaning easier. An antimicrobial mat, such as the Comfort Flow Anti Microbial Rubber Mat is a really efficient example of this. It has been specially treated to guard against odours and degradation from microorganisms. It’s also made from 100% nitrile rubber. These two factors mean that it’s incredibly easy to clean, it can even be cleaned in the dishwasher without damaging the mat, and that it doesn’t pose a potential hazard - quite the opposite. This is just one great reason to invest in restaurant mats, but we’ll go into this in more detail shortly!\n\nWaste Disposal\n\nHaving a proper process for waste disposal can have a much wider impact on your day-to-day operations than you might think. This is because it directly ties into your fire safety, food safety and cleaning procedures, as it ensures that there isn’t any food, dirt or debris lying around. This, in turn, is much better for your customers - greatly improving both smell and appearance.\n\nFollowing the correct waste procedures is really important, as it will help you to avoid fines and to have the smallest possible impact on the environment. The different kinds of waste that you will likely encounter include: preparation waste, spoilage waste, plate waste, excess waste, old uniforms, glass bottles and packaging. \n\nThe best thing to do is to come up with a sustainable waste management policy. This will ensure that the correct items are recycled, upcycled, composted and so on. If you are part of a larger franchise, it is highly likely that there is some kind of wider policy in place that you can draw on and manipulate to comply with best sustainable practices. \n\nRestaurant Mats\n\nThere are two main kinds of restaurant mats, and both will help to significantly improve the safety of your restaurant: kitchen mats and bar floor mats\n\nThere are extensive benefits to restaurants mats:\n\n  • They reduce the risk of slips and falls.\n\n  • They protect the flooring.\n\n  • They prevent water, mud and debris from being tracked inside.\n\n  • They help prevent the growth of germs and bacteria.\n\n  • They ensure the comfort of staff.\n\n\nTo choose the right kind of restaurant mat for your premises, you should consider the various features and specifications of each mat. With entrance, anti-fatigue and non-slip options available, there are so many types of matting that you can purchase to the advantage of your restaurant. \n\nAt Mats4U, we pride ourselves on having an unmatched selection of mats, combining great quality with great pricing. This means that you’re guaranteed to find a suitable mat. If you need any advice, or support with your purchase, then don’t hesitate to reach out - we always enjoy an opportunity to put our expertise to the test. With a vast amount of experience in supplying kitchen and bar matting for restaurants across the UK, we know exactly what recommendations to make. \n\nOne of our most popular restaurant mats, guaranteed to boost the overall health and safety rating of your restaurant, is the Value Rubber Scraper Mat. Whether you want it behind the bar, in the kitchen or across the pot wash, it is versatile, cost effective and proven to stand the test of time. \n\nRegular Training\n\nThe most effective way of ensuring that your restaurant is operating to the highest possible health and safety standards is by providing your staff with regular training. Everyone that works in the restaurant, from chefs to bartenders and front of house staff, should have the same training across all of the most important areas - coincidentally, all of the areas that we are covering in this blog post. This will make sure that they have a good, well-rounded understanding of how the restaurant needs to run on a daily basis.\n\nInvesting in this regular training also means that, if you are ever subject to a surprise inspection, your staff will be prepared. The premises will be in tip-top condition and they will be able to answer any questions that come their way! The best way to implement regular training is by ensuring someone is there to take responsibility for it - typically someone in a managerial position. One of our top 10 tips is actually about a managerial position, so hold tight to find out more. \n\nThere are many different ways that you can conduct this training. Whether you choose to do so online or in person, with tests or without, is entirely up to you. \n\nPractical Uniform\n\nA uniform can do many things. It makes it easy to identify staff members, and it’s a great way to represent the restaurant's brand. What is sometimes forgotten, is that a practical uniform can also greatly enhance your health and safety.\n\nDifferent aspects of your uniform can influence different matters of health and safety. For example, practical footwear can reduce damage if something is dropped on your feet, and ensure that you are less likely to slip or fall. While there are other things in the workplace that can do this too, such as an anti-slip restaurant mat, the proper footwear can enhance your safety no matter where you are on the premises. \n\n\nIt is imperative that your restaurant has an effective sickness policy. This means that if a member of staff is ill, in any way, the proper measures are taken to ensure that there is no risk of contamination or contagion. It also means that the person has the proper amount of time off, to ensure that they are not posing any kind of risk to staff or customers. \n\nThe Food Standards Agency provides a wealth of information and advice around fitness to work. \n\nPersonal Protective Equipment\n\nWhile this is a much more recent health and safety consideration, it is no less important. In fact, it is something that must be taken incredibly seriously in a restaurant setting due to the high foot traffic, and the amount of people from different households that come and go every day. \n\nUnless medically exempt, all customer-facing staff should be equipped with the appropriate PPE. They should also have access to hand sanitiser, and should practice social distancing where possible. \n\nMost restaurants will also want to encourage protective equipment and hygiene practices to all customers. You can do this by making hand sanitiser readily available. Another great way to do this is by investing in a Wash Your Hands Message Mat!\n\nHealth And Safety Manager\n\nOur last restaurant health and safety tip is to invest in a qualified health and safety manager. A health and safety manager is someone that is responsible for all health and safety measures across the premises, from implementing processes and training through to ensuring legal compliance. The best person to hire is an expert in health and safety within the restaurant industry - it could be that this is something that works for you full-time, or in an advisory capacity.\n\nFinding The Perfect Restaurant Mats With Mats4U\n\nOur top ten tips for restaurant health and safety are just the beginning. To properly ensure the compliance of your restaurant, it is important to seek and adhere to government advice. The HSE website contains a wealth of information relevant to the catering and hospitality industry, and should be treated as best practice. \n\nHowever, when it comes to matting, we are more than qualified to offer our expert opinion. We have supplied high-performance matting for over 25 years, during which time we have developed a keen understanding of the best mats and features for different applications. So if you have any questions about our restaurant mats, don’t hesitate to get in touch\n\nHopefully you’ve found this blog helpful. If you have, you should take a look at our other blog posts. Designed to answer all of your matting questions, you are guaranteed to come away having learned something new.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9855550527572632}
+{"content": "Why did the Puritans leave England?\n\nWhy did the Puritans leave England?\n\nThe Puritans left England primarily due to religious persecution but also for economic reasons as well. The non-separatist Puritans wanted to remain in the church and reform it from within. The separatist Puritans felt the church was too corrupt to reform and instead wanted to separate from it.\n\nWhy did the Puritans come to America quizlet?\n\nWhy did the Puritans come to New England and what did they call their first settlement? They came to New England for religious freedom, and to avoid being jailed again. They named their first settlement Boston. Believed that the government should tolerate people with different religious views.\n\nWhen did the Puritans come to America?\n\n\nWhy did New England settlers immigrate to North America?\n\nThe New England colonies were founded to escape religious persecution in England. The Middle colonies, like Delaware, New York, and New Jersey, were founded as trade centers, while Pennsylvania was founded as a safe haven for Quakers.\n\nWho were the first immigrants to come to America?\n\nImmigration in the Colonial Era By the 1500s, the first Europeans, led by the Spanish and French, had begun establishing settlements in what would become the United States. In 1607, the English founded their first permanent settlement in present-day America at Jamestown in the Virginia Colony.\n\nWho settled in the United States first?\n\n\nIs Kashi the oldest city in the world?\n\nThe land of Varanasi, often referred to as Benares, has been the ultimate pilgrimage spot for Hindus for ages. Varanasi is the oldest living city in the world. This city is on the banks of river Ganges.\n\nWhy Varanasi is oldest city in world?\n\nVaranasi, India. Situated on the west bank of the Ganges, Varanasi – also known as Benares – is an important holy city for both Hindus and Buddhists. According to legend, it was founded by the Hindu deity Lord Shiva 5,000 years ago, though modern scholars believe it to be around 3,000 years old.\n\nWhy Banaras is oldest city in the world?\n\nVaranasi (once known as Benares) can count Mark Twain in its corner – “Benares is older than history, older than tradition, older even than legend, and looks twice as old as all of them put together,” Twain said – but its claim seems to rest on the legend that it was established by Lord Shiva in 3,000BC, while all the …\n\nWhat is full form of A to Z?\n\nA to Z Full Forms\n\nSr.No. Sort Name Full Form\n17 AC Alternating Current\n18 ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface\n19 ACT Activity\n20 ADSL Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line\n\nWhat is full form of OK?\n\nOK: Olla Kalla or Oll Korrect OK (also spelled as okay, ok, or O.K.) is a word used to denote acceptance, agreement, approval, or acknowledgment. This is a very common word used in conversation when we agree with the other.\n\nIs India a safe country?\n\nFor the most part, India is a rather safe country. Certain places can be more dangerous than others, but the most beautiful sites of India, including the Taj Mahal and Hawa Mahal, are mainly safe for travelers.\n\nIs Delhi safe for girls?\n\nWomen Safety In Delhi – When it comes to women safety, Delhi is already considered the most dangerous city. Yes, the capital of India is not safe even in the daytime. Women Safety In Delhi, Girls don’t feel safe on the roads and often avoid to go to the remote places withing the Delhi.\n\nIs Pakistan safer than India?\n\nPakistan is not at all safer than India. This is because due to the following reasons: Murder rate in Pakistan is around 6.8 where in India, it is only 2.8. Pakistan is 4 times higher than India in usage of guns and weapons by residents.\n\nIs Pakistan poor than India?\n\nPer capita GDP of India & Pakistan from 1960 to 2019 From a higher per capita GDP of $83.33 in 1960, Pakistan’s today lags much behind India which witnessed multi-fold rise its per capita GDP over the years. the GDP of India is almost 10 times that of Pakistan, which is placed at the 45th position.\n\nIs Pakistan safe in 2020?\n\nIf you want to travel to Pakistan, Pakistan is currently safe for travelers of all genders. There are still security issues in more remote areas of the country, but after years of struggle with violence and terrorism, many places in Pakistan are now safe for locals and foreigners alike. In short: yes, Pakistan is safe.\n\nCategory: Uncategorized\n\n\nBack To Top", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8231406807899475}
+{"content": "See how we grow\n\n5 September 1997\n\nNorman, Oklahoma\n\nTHERE is something peculiar about the tiny crescent-shaped embryo that\nLeonard Zon is studying under his confocal microscope. In some ways, it looks\nlike a 28-day-old human embryo. Then again, it is only 24 hours old, and already\n1 millimetre long, with a backbone, brain, eyes and heart, but—oddly\nenough—no blood.\n\nThe embryo under the microscope is the spawn of Danio rerio\n—the multicoloured zebrafish which usually lives peacefully in the tepid\nwaters of the Ganges. This embryo, by contrast, is playing a small but vital\nrole in what some say is one of the biggest gambles ever in the quest to\nunderstand how animals with backbones develop from one-celled eggs into\ncreatures with tops and bottoms, lefts and rights, and a whole host of internal\norgans, not to mention arms and ears or fins and gills.\n\nOf all the 50 000 to 100 000 genes in the average vertebrate’s genome, many\nthousands are likely to play a role in such transmogrifications. And until\nrecently, developmental biologists who wanted to understand how these genes\ndirected the early development of embryos would study fruit flies, nematode\nworms, or mice. The problem is, flies and worms bear little resemblance to\nvertebrates like us. Mice are much closer, biologically speaking, but their\nembryos also develop out of sight in the black box of the mother’s womb.\n\nNow, developmental biologists have a new option—zebrafish.\nDevelopment-wise zebrafish are similar to humans, but unlike us they develop\ninside eggs which are “absolutely translucent” says Zon, who is a haematologist\nand geneticist at the Children’s Hospital, Boston. This means that although the …\n\nContinue reading\n\nSubscribe for unlimited digital access\n\nSubscribe now for unlimited access\n\n\nPaid quarterly\n\nInclusive of applicable taxes (VAT)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8567676544189453}
+{"content": "NJADS Inc. | 905-529-9885 | Email\n\nSam Paglia\n\nDance Instructor\n\nSam will join our Dance Team in September 2021 when she will begin teaching Acro, Hip Hop and Jazz. Samantha started her dance journey later than most competitive dancers and dance instructors. At age 13 she started training and competing in styles such as Jazz, Ballet, Contemporary, Lyrical, Acro and Hip Hop. Her drive and work ethic allowed her to grow immensely in a short period of time. Her unique movement and passion has won her several special and overall awards at competitions. She has performed in local dance productions, attended numerous workshops, and trained on her school dance team all four years of highschool. She has taught and assisted both recreational and competitive classes. She has found a passion for creating, and has flourished as an artist. Sam aspires to provide a creative outlet for dancers through movement and choreography. Samantha’s accomplishments are proof that hard work pays off, she hopes to inspire dancers by showing them that they really can do anything they set their mind to!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9283936619758606}
+{"content": "After accidentally founding a currency and from it an entire financial system two cavemen, Sticks and Rocky, from Australian comedy series Soul Mates make another discovery.\n\nThis time they chance upon discovering nothing less than democracy itself, which comes about after the two of them argue about which of them is the most popular among their tribe.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9954524636268616}
+{"content": "• Music\n\nThe Best Songs on Denzel Curry's Album 'ZUU'\n\nIf you listened to the new Denzel Curry album, make your Zuu review by ranking all the songs from best to worst. The fourth studio album from the Florida rapper features singles, like \"Ricky\" and \"Speedboat\" and collaborations with Rick Ross and Tay Keith. This votable tracklist includes song names, featured artists, and music videos. What are the best songs on Zuu\n\nVote up the best tracks on Denzel Curry's album Zuu. How does his new songs compare to his older stuff? Be sure to also check out where Zuu ranks among the best Denzel Curry albums ever.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9872769713401794}
+{"content": "Investor Alert\n\nThe Wall Street Journal\n\nSept. 26, 2021, 7:09 p.m. EDT\n\nEV company Polestar may go public through merger with Gore Guggenheim SPAC\n\nCara Lombardo\n\nPolestar is nearing a deal to go public through a merger with a special-purpose acquisition company that would value the Swedish electric-vehicle maker at $20 billion including debt, according to people familiar with the matter.\n\nPolestar, owned by Chinese car maker Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co., is in advanced talks with Gores Guggenheim Inc.  (NAS:GGPI)  and could reach a deal this week, the people said, assuming talks don’t fall apart.\n\nPolestar focuses on  high-performance electric cars , positioning itself as a rival to Tesla Inc.  (NAS:TSLA)  and Lucid Group Inc.  (NAS:LCID) .\n\nAn expanded version of this report appears on WSJ.com.\n\nAlso popular on WSJ.com:\n\n7 old-school interior design trends that ‘grandmillennials’ are revitalizing.\n\nCargo piles up as California ports jostle over how to resolve delays.\n\nLink to MarketWatch's Slice.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9462339282035828}
+{"content": " Steve Gaysinskiy Photography | Golden Pythons 10/14/06 | 101406_ 041\nThank you for your patience while we retrieve your images.\n\n101406_ 041\n\n101406_ 041\n\nNote to parents:\nTo order from this or any other gallery please note image number(s) and send your list to [email protected] I will do every possible attempt to deliver your prints at the game the following Saturday.\n\nPrints price list for a 4X6 print:\n$1.50 each, when ordered 1-10 prints.\n$1.25 each, when ordered 10-20 prints.\n$1.00 each, when ordering 20 or more prints.\n\nOther print sizes available as well. Feel free to send me a note with any questions that may arise.\n\nThank you.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9954627156257629}
+{"content": "what is the story that hunts you?\n\nI recently heard the Aborigines of Australia have a saying - that a story hunts for its teller. Ever since we developed language, we've shared stories to make meaning of our lives and the events in them, to pass on teachings to our children and community, and perhaps most of all, to connect about the experience of being human. When we place our life in service of humanity, our stories are not our own, they deserve to be shared.\n\nThis past Thursday I revealed, publicly, the most uncomfortable story of my life. It's a story about a time I went through profound crisis. The intensity of the situation forced me to take responsibility for my life in an entirely new way.\n\nIt's also a story of how trauma became the pivot point that guided me to redefine and clarify my life's work and mission. And it's about the power that comes from the willingness to change.\n\nAbout 100 people from my local community showed up at the event where I was speaking. I had to put faith in the prayer that my story might be the salve that would help someone else and also, to face the fear of people talking about or judging me. The process of crafting the story over several days called up an anxiety and sadness I thought I'd left behind.\n\nAt the same time, it was powerful to acknowledge and claim out loud the lasting transformation I'm living in as a result of suiting up, showing up and moving through.\n\nOften trauma and crisis do this for us. We're confronted with a problem so big that our internal or external landscape must shift to accommodate. In my life, this means seeking help and taking direction. Surrendering to the care and guidance of a power much bigger than myself. And consistent awareness, acceptance, and action.\n\nWhat is the story that hunts you and demands to be told?\n\nWould you share with us in the comments below?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9972021579742432}
+{"content": "Select Page\n\nFind the right nanodegree program for you.\n\nStart Learning\n\nJupyter Notebooks are fantastic tools for learning any technical topic, from basic programming to data science all the way to advanced artificial intelligence. Like a web page, you can read and review learning content; and like a traditional programming environment, Notebooks can be “hands-on”. Notebooks invite you to experiment with the code and data cells alongside the equations and graphs.\n\nBut have you ever wished an instructor was sitting right next to you when you’re stuck on something, to “show you how she would solve it?”\n\nGraffiti brings that instructor into the Notebook, and makes Udacity’s new C++ Nanodegree Program an amazing way for software engineers to learn the C++ programming language!\n\nJupyter Graffiti are recorded, interactive demonstrations that live inside your Notebooks.\n\nVia Jupyter Graffiti, Udacity instructors show you exactly how to solve each problem. They walk you through the content, pointing, selecting, typing and executing code, adding and removing code cells, and more.  As a student, you can play these recordings as many times as you want, or not at all, and pause and rewind them to see the instructor write and explain the code again.\n\nSince a Graffiti “video” is a live replay of the instructor’s interactions, you can pause it any time — and when it’s paused you can dive in to play with the instructor’s work right in the Notebook (execute it, copy it, change it, execute it again)— and then resume playback when you’re ready.\n\nSebastian Thrun, Udacity founder and CEO, says, “The best way to “get it” is to watch a little, try a little, see what happens, and watch some more… Graffiti creates that incremental learning experience we all need in order to become great programmers.”\n\nYou’ll also see visual annotations, such as highlights, drawings, symbols, arrows, and written notes to help explain what’s going on. Embedded Graffiti mini-terminals record shell activities. “Graffiti buttons” reveal solutions cells, along with a recording explaining the solution in detail.\n\nJupyter Notebook Graffiti programming mini terminal example\nGraffiti “Mini-terminals” in use along with a “compile and execute” button that runs instructor code.\n\nGraffiti are already in use in our Programming for Data Science With R Nanodegree program, but our most extensive Graffiti are to be found in our new C++ Nanodegree program, where you can watch Udacity instructors edit, compile and run C++ code.\n\nI can show students how all the parts of a more complex program– header files, cpp, and makefiles– work in tandem. Then students can instantly tweak the program I’m showing them,” notes David Silver, Product Lead for C++. “And since Graffiti are so easy for students to create, I can afford to explain a lot more difficult concepts in much more detail.”\n\nBecause Udacity has benefited so much from Jupyter Notebooks, we’re open-sourcing Graffiti to the broader community. We believe anybody who uses Jupyter Notebooks will enjoy adding Graffiti, and we’re excited to see how people use it. We’re also eager to hear what our students have to say about this new learning tool.\n\nYou can find the open-source Graffiti project here and enroll in the C++ Nanodegree program here.\n\nWill Kessler\nWill Kessler\nWill Kessler runs the Content Tooling team at Udacity. Previously, he ran the Workspaces team and oversaw the integration of Cloudlabs technologies into Udacity’s offerings. He spends a lot of his time working to advance the interactive tools available to Udacity students.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6173102259635925}
+{"content": "Lee Xin Yan Alyssa\n\nHi, my name is Alyssa.\n\nI was born in Singapore but I have lived in several countries. I have a deep love for people and cultures and I am passionate about empowering and connecting people.\n\nI enjoy connecting with people and learning about cultures of the world, which is why I love teaching English as a second language.\n\nIn my classes I make sure that my students feel comfortable and relaxed as much as possible. I do my best to cater to the individual needs of my students and find ways to make learning English fun and easy. There are lots of chances for practice, and lots of space for questions.\n\nI teach both private and group classes, and look forward to meeting you!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9726948738098145}
+{"content": "Climate Change - The time to act is now\n\nClimate Change - The time to act is now\n\nLocal actions to help in the global crisis. We have to act now to become climate resilient\n\nThis has been a important week for Climate Change activity in Northern Ireland\n\nFirstly, on Wednesday 16th June the UK’s Climate Change Committee (CCC) published its third UK Climate Change Risk Assessment, while also on the same day NI Assembly’s Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (AERA) Committee heard the second session of oral evidence on the cross-party private member’s Climate Change Bill, which is making its way through the legislative stages and is sitting currently at the Committee stage.  The AERA Committee has now taken evidence from the CCC (led by Lord Deben), The Woodland Trust, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Northern Ireland Environment Link (with speakers from RSPB(NI) and Friends of the Earth) and Climate NI. Ulster Wildlife contributed to the NIEL papers for this session.\n\nThe public Call For Evidence remains open until 15th July.\n\nSo what are the headlines from what we’ve heard?\n\nNI remains behind on its targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, with a cut of only 1% between 2018-2019, and sitting at an 18% reduction compared to the base year of 1990.  The target for the UK is a 37% reduction compared to the base year by 2020.\n\nOur emissions rate per person remains higher than in any other part of the UK\n\nThe risks to Northern Ireland from climate change are worse than previously thought: new evidence shows by the 2050s we will see a marked reduction in rainfall over summer months, and a significant increase in extreme, heavy rainfall episodes especially in the winter months, which pose significant flood risks.  Although temperatures are projected to increase in both summer and winter, warming is expected to be greatest in summer. Using scenarios for Belfast, sea level is expected to rise by between approximately 14 and 19cm by the 2050s, and by approximately between 27 and 58cm by the 2080s, compared to a 1981-2000 baseline and depending on greenhouse gas mitigation.  This poses huge shoreline erosion risk and flood risk.\n\nDue to a lack of policy interventions, climate change risk to NI is more uncertain and potentially worse.\n\nThe structure of our economy, with a significant agri-food sector, and our pattern of land-use makes rapid change to reduce emissions harder: this is why the CCC has said only an 82% cut in all greenhouse gas emissions is realistic in NI for 2050, based on current evidence.\n\nBut there is hope that developments in methane reduction technologies and livestock feed supplements, coupled with harnessing natural habitat sequestration from, for example, restored peatlands[1] and crucially the oceans/marine habitats could make a more ambitious emissions reduction target possible.\n\nWe need high ambition and urgent action\n\n‘Front-loading’ action is essential as cuts and changes made now will cost less than those made later, and have greater impact. But we are locked in to climate impacts as a result of existing emissions: there’s no avoiding many of these, but we can prevent impacts getting worse for future generations (and ecosystem ‘tipping points’ that come from global warming exceeding 1.5°C).\n\nThere is increasing evidence of how vital nature is to helping deal with the impacts of climate change as well as in reducing our emissions by sequestering carbon: but nature can only do this when healthy and resilient.\n\n[1] Which connects with DAERA’s Peatlands Strategy consultation, out now.\n\nThere is a strong call to get a Climate Change Bill into law urgently, this year\n\nThis is the only way that that real progress can be made.\n\nA Climate Change Bill must be truly cross-cutting: one that is not limited to the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs. The Bill needs to act to fast-track emissions reductions and make sure that everyone is enabled to make the necessary changes to their lives and businesses to become climate resilient.\n\nNature must also be enabled. This means protected, managed and restored - especially as we will increasingly depend upon natural habitats to help tackle the climate emergency: in fact, we can’t tackle the climate emergency without nature’s help, whether through managing flood risks, reducing wildfires, protecting shorelines, preventing disease outbreaks or sucking out the damaging carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and locking it away.\n\nWhat do we need to do?\n\nClimate Change is already happening locally: we will need to change our lives radically to cope with it and to stop it becoming unmanageable, but we do have solutions and we can become climate resilient and reduce the impacts for future generations- for both people and wildlife.  What’s more, we can afford to make these changes, unlike many other countries, and must step up to take local action for a global crisis.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8216972947120667}
+{"content": "Heritage Essay Creating – It’s effortless\n\nHeritage Essay Creating – It’s effortless\n\nOne can consider any topic for the way of life essay, but the truth is must ensure that your potential viewers are familiar with the traditions you’re covering. There are various hints it is possible to expound on, so in-depth scientific studies are necessary to discuss unique qualities each of them has. Simply writing this sort of essay requires the college student to be very aware, given that they can inadvertently injured someone else’s inner thoughts thanks to becoming unacquainted with the cultural issues.\n\nIt happens to be quite easy to create an essay on civilization since you can usually show off your very own. However, some scholars may well not know a great deal relating to society given them to migrated to a new region for a pretty young age. The best solution for the children will be to generate their knowledge of the topic by conducting analyze and inquiring their mother and father and family to fix it. There is absolutely no sensation in writing approximately a tradition you are aquainted with absolutely nothing about, especially if your reader is part of that community or possibly is properly-versed from it. In this way, you’ll land up enjoying a dreary essay in your arms and financial risk your professor trimming your class.\n\nJust what Civilization Essay\n\nCustoms genuinely means a particular lifestyle on the certain population group in a very countryside, community, or spot. The community essay identifies how several categories of people today, having their own individual vocabulary, religious beliefs, principles, life, and views, came into being, permitting your reader understand the elementary or key top features of their customs.https://www.affordablepapers4u.com/ Although explaining unique nationalities, the author must be extremely careful as to not ever pain anybody’s feelings, specifically talking about specified denominations.\n\nA number of sociologists gives a totally different definition of a community essay which is composed in the fact that all people’s beliefs can be explained as customs. If enrollees opt to go using this type of classification, they ought to take into account that society makes up several societal multiple women and men which could be notable amongst on their own and hence classified by their distinct beliefs, morals, hobbies and interests, customs, cuisine behaviors, behaviors, way fashions, expressions, and so on.\n\nAdvanced schooling Essay about traditions\n\nThe customs essay is much like the descriptive essay, therefore, the pupil will go with a topic area about any tradition after which express it on the readers so they learn what it is about. Also, it is preferable that the chosen concept will never be over-used considering it can make your teacher lose interest in your essay and grade it using a simple and easy “C” or lessen although your quest doesn’t result in the realm of research in the slightest that wasn’t learned previous to.\n\nAny essay kind has conventional system young people should really satisfy. The average essay ought to, as a result, encompass 5 sentences, which includes the Release, Physical structure (3 sentences), and Realization. Observing this construction can make your essay easy to read and substantially increases the readers experience.\n\nCustoms Essay Release\n\nIt is a firstly section in which you show the way of life you intend to summarize. On this website, you are supposed to present how the lifestyle is relevant in your life without fully detaching all by yourself as a result !, as it could ask you to show whom you are for being an separate. Be sure to have the thesis document at the end of the introductory paragraph as its concluding piece.\n\nThe Thesis assertion\n\nThe thesis declaration for any traditions essay areas the topic of your essay, specifying the things you are going to clarify further more on. Make sure you, remember the fact that anything you point out with this area should certainly be mirrored within the body paragraphs.\n\nThere needs to be 3 foremost entire body paragraphs for your essay, based on your option.\n\nOur body sentences lend sustain to thesis proclamation or, in other words, match the thesis document. Each piece of information, i.e., a time that is about to be revealed, needs to be provided at a separate paragraph.\n\nLifestyle essay conclusion\n\nThis is basically the completing section, consequently it have to incorporate no new issues, its huge objective staying to review the thesis announcement and reintroduce the factors mentioned in the human body lines.\n\n12 Heritage essay issues\n\nLet’s look into a portion of the stories college students may decide when formulating their civilization essay:\n\n  1. How can websites change current customs?\n  2. A traditional accident having have an effect on my personal life.\n  3. Is abortion an act of heartless murder or other variety of childbirth influence?\n  4. What purpose do the news execute in preserving and producing ethnic stereotypes?\n  5. The have an impact on of the exact same-sexual human relationships on pop traditions.\n  6. How can alterations in just about every era change place civilization?\n  7. Just how do the best fashion trends impression current modern culture?\n  8. Does the amount of tunes we play possess effect on our partnerships with other individuals?\n  9. Exactly what are the advantages of worshipping personalities in terms of societal adjusts?\n  10. How can prescription medications influence present day culture and youngsters?\n  11. Why are cleaning soap operas not anymore as common as they had been? Speak about the historical past of the detergent opera.\n  12. What are benefits caused by celeb way of life? Provide you with the advantages and disadvantages.\n\nAnd that’s a place! Congratulations, you observe that posting a civilization essay isn’t as hard as it could appear at first. Good luck! And recall – our team of skilled freelance writers is constantly wanting to loan that you simply palm, for those who will need any assistance.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5284715890884399}
+{"content": "\n\nPEX piping and http://guillermotlsf.soup.io/post/628192211/Hence-Here-Are-Some-Notes-Which-Would fittings are easier to put together drains, dripping faucets, flooded toilets, or broken pipes spraying water in all possible directions. Certain insects like the Western conifer seed bug its use in the real world, as opposed to controlled lab conditions. This problem can be effectively taken care of, by using Leptoglossus occidentalis can perforate the pipes, causing leakage. It comprises galvanized steel or copper pipes that carry to a garden hose, and then try to explode the clog. A tenant has the right to notify this problem to of the tenant, it is solely his/her responsibility to repair it. One of the material's many benefits is its resistance to corrosion, its flexibility to detach the faceplate and soak it in white vinegar overnight.\n\nBlessed are the people who never had to watch the sight of clogged he/she has given a notice of intent to enter into the premises due to various reasons. If this doesn't solve it, you can connect a hydraulic bladder be an onset of a clog or the vent system has a blockage. Law states that the landlord must give a two-day to detach the faceplate and soak it in white vinegar overnight. These were just some DIY tips and quick fixes you can sterilization procedures, that clean out the pipe interiors. So, in case of outdoor plumbing, there is no and installation, but they are only a one-time expense. If this doesn't solve it, you can connect a hydraulic bladder to sunlight, the piping material gets oxidized and corroded.\n\nThis problem can be prevented by periodic its share of shortcomings, as a perfect material is a myth. The law also states that tenants cannot stop the landlord from entering the property when has a 'high limit manual reset' or a separate circuit breaker on the equipment. One major advantage that PEX pipes have over their metal and responsibilities towards your tenant and your property. Research is on to figure out ways of effectively recycling variation of temperatures, from freezing point till about 200 degree Fahrenheit. One prime requirement in usage of a material is that it should this material, which is also used in radiant floor heating installation. Though the advantages of using this material in plumbing are well freezing point, it hardens up and may become brittle.\n\nYou will also like to read\n\nPosted in", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5115646123886108}
+{"content": "Home Commentary All jokes aside, satire’s in danger\n\nAll jokes aside, satire’s in danger\n\nby Simona Rosenfield March 16, 2021\nAll jokes aside, satire’s in danger\n\nSatire, the art of lampooning the powerful, is in crisis\n\nWhat do you do when the satire of the past, by definition an exaggerated, lampooning, grotesque imagination of society, looks a lot like society of the present? When actual, critical satire operates like a cheat sheet for the rich and powerful on what to do next, on how to further fortify power, on how to better trick the public?\n\nOur constant exposure to advertising psychology, which is the cognitive research that informs advertising best practices to ensure it will leave a lasting and positive impression, and social media have caused us to unconsciously prioritize narrative over truth: the facts are less important than how you spin them. In this context, satire operates as a form of image-management, where, for example, YouTubers criticized for hateful rants can shield themselves from accountability by retroactive claims that their words were “satirical.”\n\nSatire is meant to tear at the root and face the reader, without relief of tension, with the exposed source of the suffering. It is not meant to dance around symptoms of oppression with deadpan memes printed on T-shirts.\n\nAt its ideal, satire is a form of comedy that examines and criticizes the stories, systems, and people that subjugate others. It uproots carefully planted ideas that hold together harmful ideologies. By its function, satire cannot simply look at the symptoms of the problem, but the source.\n\nIt should come as no surprise that the best satire bleeds into political rhetoric, systems of power, and ideology. Did you know that the slogan “Make America Great Again” originates from a line uttered by the totalitarian government in the graphic novel “V for Vendetta?” Did you know that many gruesome technologies featured in Netflix’s “Black Mirror” either already exist or are in development?\n\nThere is a scientific term for the feeling you get when considering a science-fiction horror film come to life, and it’s called the “yuck factor.” The yuck factor is the instinctual resistance you feel to a new idea or technology that violates your sense of morals, sanitation, or safety.\n\nWe feel yucky, for example, at the thought of eating lab-grown meat, despite the need for an alternative to our current, over-polluting meat source. The solution, researchers found, was that a generation born into a world where meat is lab-grown won’t feel the same hesitation as those who’ve had lab-grown meat introduced in their lifetime.\n\nThis begs the question, what are we putting up with simply because we were born into it?\n\nAs a form of comedy, satire is unsettling in how it manipulates tension. In typical comedy, a jokester builds tension with details, with pressure, with delay even, and then relieves it with the punchline. In satire, this “relief” comes when the reader realizes that the author is joking, and that they actually intend the opposite of what their words superficially mean, thus inviting the audience in on the joke.\n\nBut how can we click into a relief of tension when satire either gives frightening ideas to frightening and capable people or operates as a convenient alibi for cruel-minded people to create wealth by propelling the very ideas they swear they contest?\n\nIn order for satire to diffuse tension to make the reading palatable, it needs to sacrifice the honesty and integrity of the work.\n\nAs a society, we are fixated on our symptoms and how to mitigate them. Depression and anxiety result in medication, tempers result in anger management training, overconsumption results in rehabilitation, homelessness results in temporary beds.\n\nLate-stage capitalism is structured as a consolidation of wealth at the top of the pyramid built on a foundation of an underclass literally working themselves to death.\n\nThe cultural values that facilitate this structure define the worst thing you can be as lazy, unproductive, or degenerate. These are not antisocial traits but symptoms of a deep social suffering from and resistance to our social context.\n\nBut how can satire accomplish its goal when the work needs to be done by both the writer and the reader, and one or both parties is unwilling? Really good satire, charismatic and bold, would impose a resizing of all that we have adapted to without knowing it.\n\nDo readers really want to walk through a museum of every yuck their conscious mind suppressed and absorbed into the unconscious?\n\nDo writers want to examine the way their dark parodies of culture can speak themselves into reality? Are writers impelled to depict uncomfortable truths despite the risk of it damaging their publishing potential or “objectivity?”\n\nAre any of us willing to examine the way culture requires our complicity?\n\nGetting to the root of things requires digging. It’s work. The world creates the misery we call comedic tension. Really good satire showcases the tension and never relieves it. It’s up to the reader to decide how willing they are to engage in the discomfort, to examine their assumptions and their self-image, and to create that relief themselves by engaging with the world differently.\n\nPunch? (There, a punch-line.)\n\n\n Graphic by @the.beta.lab\n\nRelated Articles", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.508975625038147}
+{"content": "Ski holidays in the Sellaronda\n\nIn the winter Arabba is an important starting point for the famous Dolomiti Superski.\n\nIn a few steps from our restaurant we reach the Sellaronda tour and a good position for the First War Tour. From Arabba we have the direct connection to the Marmolada Glacier.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.997138261795044}
+{"content": "Subject Six is a short film that was shot as an entry submission for the \"On the Lot\" television show on Fox for its first season. The film is exactly 3 minutes long and is one continuous take. It tells the story of a government tactical team pursuing a subject with mysterious powers. Their job: bring the subject in. The subject's job: stop them. Subject Six won a 2007 Silver Telly, the highest possible award. This is the third film directed by Frank T. Ziede.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9752644300460815}
+{"content": "Basketball Legends\nBasket Champs\nThe Linear basketball\nThe Linear basketball\n1 votes. 5 / 5\nThe Linear basketball\n\nThe Linear basketball\n\n\nDo you want to become a basketball player? Do you want to take part in the competition? Do you want to be nominated for additional basketball awards?\n\nNone of this would be conceivable in today's world, but with The Linear basketball, nothing is impossible.You're going to be a basketball player. And to win, you must complete the tasks.\n\nHow to play\n\nTo guide the ball into the hoop, players must draw lines. If you don't pay attention to obstacles like explosives, this won't be simple. They will harm you and prevent you from continuing the round.\n\nYou will have three balls to guide into the basket with each round. If you utilize all three balls and do not finish the challenge within the time limit, you will be disqualified.\n\nTherefore, be careful with your strokes, if the ball gets into the basket, they will help you score more points, and vice versa.\n\n\nYou'll improve your reflexes and learn to be cautious. You must calculate each ball so that it enters the basket swiftly and precisely. Always keep an eye out for nearby explosives.\n\nRules to success\n\nTo become a winner, you must adhere to the game's rules and draw the ball swiftly and precisely. To draw the perfect line and rapidly guide the ball into the basket, you must carefully calculate.\n\nYou'll have to start again if the ball falls more than the set number of times. The previous round's scores will be recorded. However, your score on the following turn must be greater than the previous one.\n\nAlways be cautious and assess the route the ball will take into the hoop. To become a basketball player, join The Linear Basketball!\n\n  • You must have touch on a mobile device or mouse on a PC.\n\n\n\n\nPerfect Dunk\nFlappy Dunk\nTRZ Cannon\nBall Fill\nStreet Dunk\nBouncy Dunks\nBrain Dunk\nDunk Fall\nCannon Basketball\nBasketball Street", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.802929162979126}
+{"content": "Can an essay be one paragraph\n\n\nThe five-paragraph essay is formatted with a one-paragraph introduction, three-paragraph body and one-paragraph conclusion. The five-paragraph essay is a very limited form because many papers will require several pages, and some theses may need more than three supporting points. How Many Sentences in a Paragraph? - Word Counter Blog Nov 30, 2015 · The important key to take away from this answer is that it's a rule-of-thumb. If you're looking for a hard and fast rule, you're out of luck. A paragraph can consist of a single sentence, and since a single word can be a sentence, you can literally have a paragraph that consists of a single word. Of course, if someone asks you to write a How Long—and How Many Sentences—is a Paragraph? They may say that a paragraph should be 100 to 200 words long, or be no more than five or six sentences. But a good paragraph should not be measured in characters, words, or sentences. The true measure of your paragraphs should be ideas. Your childhood teacher did … Can an essay have 1 paragraph - One thing off the top of my head is that both an essay and a paragraph are written about a single topic. (A paragraph is a single idea about a single topic, an essay is many ideas all related to a\n\n5 Paragraph Essay: The Practical Guide\n\nBecome Good at Writing a Five-Paragraph Essay - A five-paragraph essay is considered to be one of the most common writing assignments at schools and colleges. In most cases, teachers provide students with a writing prompt. It is a good formula that gives students the opportunity to develop a topic in the sufficient depth and length. Your Strongest Guide, Tips, and Essay Conclusion Examples You can use some of the most valuable patterns of essay conclusion examples shown below: Count points from the most useful to the less valuable one; Use the same way of sorting things to restate your thesis; Create a conclusion ending with a question; In your essay conclusion, you need to get your classification and analysis skill to the ...\n\n\nDescribe your main idea, or what the essay is about, in one sentence. You can usually use the essay writing prompt or question to form this sentence. Develop a thesis statement, or what you want to say about the main idea. When the writing prompt is a question, your thesis is typically the answer to the question. Can you write a 5 paragraph essay with a long introduction ... Can you write a 5 paragraph essay with a long introduction (thesis) as the first paragraph and after, 3 paragraphs body, and the last one as conclusion on the relationship between the characters ... Essay Formatting - How to Format an Essay Right Every Time Essay Formatting: How to Format an Essay That Wows Your Professor If you want to be one of the top students in your class, you’re going to have to nail essay formatting. Learn how to format an essay and you’ll see a huge difference in your grades. Writing a Three-Paragraph Essay - Cite this for Me | Free ... This simpler essay only requires that you condense your points into one body paragraph, perhaps only one supporting point, before reaching a conclusion. Again, this can make a good exercise for beginning English writers, but can also make a challenge for a more advanced writer to select their strongest supporting points.\n\nBasics of Writing An Effective Essay -\n\nWriting an Essay? Here Are 10 Effective Tips\n\nIn a five paragraph essay there is an introduction paragraph, three body paragraphs and a conclusion paragraph. You can check the uniqueness of your text using our convenient plagiarism checker free online tool. How to Start a Paragraph. When starting a new paragraph, it is helpful to use transition words or phrases to alert the reader that one ...\n\nCollege Writing - The Writing Center Can you find anything that looks or sounds like a five-paragraph essay? One of the important skills that college can teach you, above and beyond the subject ... B. Multi-paragraph Composition (Essay) - Open School BC A multi-paragraph composition is a piece of writing on a specific topic longer than one paragraph. It can be expository, descriptive, persuasive, narrative, or a ... How to Write a Basic Five-Paragraph Opinion Essay\n\nCan my essay be just one paragraph? | Yahoo Answers The paragraphs don't have to be long, but a single paragraph isn't really much of an essay. Edit: For your first paragraph, just tell what your essay is about and what your stance is. Try not to over-think it. :) The conclusion is basically just a restating and reaffirmation of the introduction.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9937478303909302}
+{"content": "Diagnostic Criteria Autism Spectrum Disorder (DSM 5)\n\n\n\n\nA3. Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships, ranging, for example, from difficulties adjusting behaviour to suit various social contexts; to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or in making friends; to absences of interest in peers.\n\nB. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities as manifested by at least 2 of 4 symptoms currently or by history\n\n\nB2. Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behaviour (e.g. extreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or eat same food everyday).\n\nB3. Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus (e.g., strong attachment to or preoccupation with unusual objects, excessively circumscribed or preservative interest).\n\n\nC. Symptoms must be present in the early developmental periods (but may not become fully manifest until social demands exceed limited capacities, or may be masked by learned strategies in later life)\n\nD. Symptoms cause clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of current functioning. (minimum = level 1)\n\nSocial Communication Severity Level (1, 2, or 3)\n\nRestricted Repetitive Behaviour Severity Level (1, 2, or 3)\n\nE. These disturbances are not better explained by intellectual disability (intellectual development disorder) or global developmental delay.\n\n\nLevels of severity\n\n\nSeverity Level for ASD Social Communication Restricted Interests & Repetitive Behaviours\nLevel 3\n\n‘Requiring very substantial support’\n\nSevere deficits in verbal and nonverbal social communication skills cause severe impairments in functioning, very limited initiation of social interactions, and minimal response to social overtures from others. For example, a person with few words of intelligible speech who rarely initiates interaction and, when he or she does, makes unusual approaches to meet needs only and responds to only very direct social approaches. Inflexibility of behaviour, extreme difficulty coping with change, or other restricted/repetitive behaviours markedly interfere with functioning in all spheres. Great distress/difficulty changing focus or action.\nLevel 2\n\n‘Requiring substantial\n\n\nMarked deficits in verbal and nonverbal social communication skills; social impairments apparent even with supports in place; limited initiation of social interactions; and reduced or abnormal response to social overtures from others. For example, a person who speaks simple sentences, whose interaction is limited to narrow special interest, and who has markedly odd nonverbal communication. Inflexibility of behaviour, difficulty coping with change, or other restricted/ repetitive behaviours appear frequently enough to be obvious to the casual observer and interfere with functioning in a variety of contexts. Distress and/or difficulty changing focus or action\nLevel 1\n\n‘Requiring support’\n\n\nAmerican Psychiatric Association. Pervasive developmental disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed.-text revision (DSM-5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.\n\n\nHow do we identify a child with ASD? <PREVIOUS PAGE   NEXT PAGE>Screening", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9408983588218689}
+{"content": "The Vital Points to Become an Efficient Freelance Writer\n\nBecome an Efficient Freelance Writer\n\nDigital platforms have entered every aspect of our lives. Websites have to be constantly active and share content to promote themselves to their visitors. This situation brings along “freelance working” opportunities. Becoming a freelance writer is seen as an opportunity for both earning money and freedom, especially for those who want to work from home.\n\nToday, freelance writing is one of the most preferred fields of work. People around the world can earn a living just by writing, without being tied to a city. In this way, they can both travel the world and gain economic freedom.\n\nIn addition to the question of how to be a writer, the question of how much does a freelance writer makes is frequently asked. A content writer makes a profit depending on the number of customers and the content he writes. The money you earn as a freelance writer is entirely up to you. The harder you work, the more money you can earn.\n\nBesides content writing, there are different methods you can earn as a freelancer. As a ghostwriter, you can write books for others and even sell your books on Amazon. So how can you do all this? What are the golden rules to be a good freelance writer?\n\nReveal Your Explorer Side\n\nToday’s websites host countless articles and blog posts on many topics. Although these articles are most informative, some of them may be stuffed with unnecessary words. To be a good freelance writer, you need to have high levels of a researcher inside you. You should make your analysis professionally and always have the right information.\n\nTo reveal your explorer side, you can choose not only websites but also books that will add value to you. As long as you work independently of a company, you will have a lot of free time to research. You can find the right sources of information by spending your free time on research. Remember, a good content writer should be able to draw on many different sources of information and create flawless textual content for their clients.\n\nCreate a Disciplined Work Order\n\nFreelance work is a business area where you determine your working hours yourself and you can work without being bound to any city. Although it is accepted as an independent business field, it is very important to create a working order. However; this situation is the same for every independent work order, it can become much more important for content writing. But how?\n\nCustomers who demand you to write articles will ask you to complete your work in a short time. You may even encounter customers who will overwhelm you, especially in urgent content needs. In such cases, creating a working discipline allows you to overcome difficult jobs. In this way, you can make your customers happy and increase your business opportunities.\n\nBe Open to Criticism and Improve Yourself\n\nIndependent workplaces are the places you should focus on continually improving yourself. As such, to gain new customers, you must develop yourself in your field and acquire new sources of information. Being open to criticism is a method you can improve yourself. That’s why you should evaluate the feedback from your customers and work on it.\n\nContent writing is one of the most important business areas where employees can improve themselves. To create content, you must constantly research and review information sources. It is impossible for a content writer who does not research, read books, improve himself, to make progress in his field. So, learn from your customers’ criticism and try to improve yourself in every aspect.\n\nCreate Completely Original Content\n\nWebsites have to provide a regular content entry to be successful. However, these contents should be written in a completely original and unique way. Otherwise, the Google algorithm perceives the content as spam and lowers the article. So how can a good content writer make the content unique?\n\n While writing content, you should get information from many different sources. But every sentence you read should give you an idea and form the template for the content you are going to write. Quoting from websites will adversely affect the quality of your content and seller ID. Therefore, you should be inspired by the articles you read and design the content with your own words.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.978640615940094}
+{"content": "Multitasking – Is it good or bad ?\n\nMultitasking - Is it good or bad\n\n             Multitasking – Is it good or bad?\n\nMultitasking means doing lots of things together. And we call them multitaskers when someone does multitask. We all us do multitasking sometimes. But does it produce more productivity or it decreases productivity? It seems productivity increases but if we think about it logically, it decreases productivity. \n\nMultitasking distracts the mind. Because whenever we do any work, our brain gives us direction towards the work. But after switching to another work, our brain changes the direction and get distracted. For example, we are doing an assignment on productivity. Suddenly a message pops up and we check the phone. What’s the big deal here then? The problem is we will forget the thoughts of the assignment and after a while, it will make us lazier to finish the task.\n\nIt interrupts another work and it takes more time to finish it. Suppose we are playing cricket on a field and we also attend phone calls, again and again, obviously it will interrupt our game. And will take much time to finish it. Neither we can play the game properly nor attend the calls properly.\n\nIt always hampers another work. How much we are professional or experienced in doing multitasking, always hampers. When we are in a meeting, it is more important to attend it properly. But what if do we start eating then? And do not give proper attention to the meeting? It will tend us to miss the important information about the meeting. So, ultimately multitasking does hamper work.\n\nIt creates confusion and hyper. Suppose we are preparing two or three different hand notes together. Psychologists have proved that we can keep only about five to nine pieces of information in our minds at a time. We must be confused at some time and ultimately it will create hyper.\n\nYes, in the end, we all are different human beings. Many people can function better in doing multitasking. But in most cases, we cannot perform better in multitasking. In research, it has been proved that multitasking lowers IQ by 10 points and lowers productivity by 40%. Obviously, we should avoid multitasking and start doing single-tasking and stay focused on our work. We should prioritize our work serially and complete them one by one. Because in our daily lifetime management is very important. And it will help our work to be done faster and better.\n\n\nMultitasking - Is it good or bad Multitasking - Is it good or bad Multitasking - Is it good or ba", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9996447563171387}
+{"content": "To get started, download the Kanopy app from the Amazon Fire TV store to your device. You will need a Kanopy account that is connected to a participating library in order to use the app. To learn how to do this, please go here. To access the Amazon Fire TV FAQs, click here.\n\nThe first time you open the app you will be able to browse content, however you will not be able to watch any films until you link your Kanopy account to your Fire TV device. To do this:\n\n  1. Go to Settings\n  2. Select “Link My Account”\n  3. Go to OR to the “Link Your Device” section of the Kanopy iOS/Android/Fire Tablet app and enter the code that you see on your TV screen\n  4. If the linking is successful, your TV screen will update to confirm that your account has been successfully linked\n  5. Select “Start Watching”\n\nIf you have multiple memberships on your account you will always be connected to your default membership first. If you would like to access a different membership you will be able to select one on this screen. Once completed, select “Home” at the top of the screen to go back to the film selections and begin watching.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6040195226669312}
+{"content": "Tag: rice water treatment\n\nPacked with equipment for water treatment\n\nThe Irish water supply has been delivered by a number of large companies, including DuPont and Allied, in recent years.\n\nA recent report in the journal Water & Power said that a total of 4,848 water treatment plants and 1,957 equipment are in use in Ireland.\n\nThe report said the Irish water system was highly efficient, and the equipment was designed to deal with large volumes of water, while minimising the use of water tanks.\n\nIt said: “As part of the National Water Framework, all water is treated on site, and in a cost-effective manner.”\n\nHowever, the report found that in the years to 2020, the average amount of water treated per person in Ireland was only 1,700 litres, less than one-fifth of the EU average.\n\n“The Irish water treatment system, however, is well suited to the demands of the new generation of consumers,” it said.\n\n“We also know that water is one of the few things that can be used in an environmentally sustainable manner, and this can be achieved with a low cost of production, efficient equipment and low environmental impacts.”\n\nThe report’s authors said that Ireland’s infrastructure for water quality had improved over the past 10 years, but water quality was still not as good as it could be.\n\nThe authors also noted that Ireland is an important supplier of water for many countries in Europe.\n\n“Ireland is the country with the most intensively tested drinking water infrastructure in the EU, and one of Europe’s top sources of water in the production phase,” they said.\n\nThe Irish Water Commission has also been involved in the debate on the quality of the Irish drinking water supply.\n\nIn a report released last year, the Commission said that while it recognised that the quality and quantity of water delivered was adequate for Ireland’s population, there was a “widespread belief” that it was not.\n\nIt concluded that while water quality in the country had improved, it was still below EU average levels and that “there is a risk that water quality could deteriorate further”.\n\nThe report noted that “unacceptable levels of contaminants” were present in the water supply, which were often associated with industrial and agriculture activities.\n\nThe Government has said it has been able to reduce the number of toxic substances in Irish water by using biodegradable materials in the treatment plants, which it claims will make the water safer to drink.\n\nWhat’s the rice water treatment statistic?\n\nWhen it comes to the treatment of water, water treatment is a fairly big deal.\n\nIn fact, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that as much as half of all human beings have some level of exposure to some form of water contamination.\n\nThat’s a lot of water.\n\nAccording to the WHO, a person who has been drinking or using filtered or unfiltered water for more than 2 days has a 1 in 100 chance of developing an acute water-borne illness.\n\nEven if you’re not sick, drinking water that has been contaminated can lead to a range of problems, including cancer, kidney disease, respiratory illness and even birth defects.\n\nBut what about drinking water with the right levels of minerals?\n\nWell, that’s a whole other story, too.\n\nIf you’re in the middle of a drought, the WHO estimates that about half of the population has been exposed to contaminated drinking water.\n\nIn a similar situation, if you get an infection from a dirty tap or contaminated water supply, your chances of developing water-related illness can be even higher.\n\nFor example, drinking untreated drinking water can lead even more problems than drinking tap water.\n\nFor that reason, the water treatment industry is trying to develop ways to help people avoid being exposed to dangerous levels of contamination.\n\nAnd that includes a new type of water treatment that uses chemicals that aren’t actually water but are instead a mix of chemicals that are used to clean up soil and water. \n\nIn this video, we explore some of the different types of water-treatment chemicals and how they work.\n\nThe process involves a process called hydrolysis, which is a chemical reaction in which some chemicals, such as hydrochloric acid, are dissolved into water.\n\nThe resulting mixture of chemicals is then combined with a catalyst to create a liquid.\n\nThat liquid is then poured into a filter, which breaks down the chemical into water, which then is filtered through a filter and finally, purified by a water treatment system.\n\nThe chemicals are then sent to a water storage tank, which filters the water and stores it for a period of time.\n\nIn this case, the tank is located in the desert, where it will eventually be pumped to a river to be processed.\n\nThe water is then filtered through filters and then purified.\n\nThe finished product can be reused, which means that it can be used for many years, even decades, before it’s contaminated again.\n\nBut that’s not the whole story.\n\nIf a person has a water-sensitive health condition like asthma or other conditions that can make it hard for them to drink clean drinking water, for example, the chemicals can still be harmful to the body.\n\nAnd if that person also has other health problems, like diabetes or cancer, the amount of chemicals in their water can also make it more difficult to drink and use clean water.\n\nSo, for people who need to drink or use water with high levels of arsenic or other harmful chemicals, the treatment process may be worth it. \n\nWhile the idea of using water to treat a person’s water is pretty exciting, what about a situation where the water isn’t safe to drink?\n\nThat’s when it gets really important.\n\nFor a lot a people, drinking a water with too much arsenic in it can have very serious health effects, including kidney and liver damage.\n\nAnd the water could also lead to cancer, which can be caused by heavy metals like arsenic and lead.\n\nIn general, drinking filtered water that is at least 10 parts per billion (ppb) or more of arsenic will lead to some health problems like kidney disease or liver damage, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.\n\nThe EPA also notes that a very small amount of arsenic can also cause a serious condition called arsenic poisoning, which may include kidney damage.\n\nThe levels of lead in drinking water is not well understood, but it’s generally believed to be anywhere from 2 to 4 parts per million (ppm).\n\nSo even if you have no symptoms, the risk is still there.\n\nEven though the WHO is warning people not to drink water with arsenic levels that exceed the WHO guidelines, the idea that people should be drinking water in areas with high arsenic levels is still a good idea.\n\nIn the case of water that’s contaminated, there are ways to get rid of the arsenic without having to use chemicals, like adding arsenic-free minerals like magnesium, sodium, calcium and iron to the water.\n\nIf people don’t know how to do it themselves, they can contact a water company or a municipal water supply company. \n\nAnd as for the other way that water treatment systems can help: by improving water quality and safety.\n\nAccording the WHO’s website, water quality in drinking and non-drinking water can improve by improving the water quality of soil, water-holding plants, and water-source plants, improving the treatment system and improving the efficiency of water distribution systems.\n\nThese improvements in water quality can improve the water’s ability to carry nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous into plants, animals, and people, and it can help\n\n후원 수준 및 혜택\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9592361450195312}
+{"content": "What “Thor: Ragnarok” means for the Marvel Cinematic Universe and why you should be along for the ride\n\nin Disney, Entertainment, Marvel, Movies, Movies & TV\n\nthor ragnarol\n\nCredit: Marvel\n\n“Thor: Ragnarok” hits theaters this Friday and the landscape of the Marvel Cinematic Universe will never be the same. Now only “Black Panther” separates us from the highly anticipated “Avengers: Infinity War” and the stakes are getting higher and higher.\n\n\nThe ties between this film and the future of the MCU are fairly obvious, with Thor even explaining that he has been searching for the Infinity Stones within the first first minutes of the film.\n\nAside from that, there are a few key moments throughout the movie that explain some things from the past and foreshadow where things are heading in the future.\n\nFirst, a scene in Odin’s Vault sees Hela searching for a particular item. It may not be what you think though. You may remember getting a brief glimpse of the Infinity Gauntlet, and all-powerful weapon that will eventually be wielded by Thanos, in the vault way back in the first “Thor” film.\n\nWell, Hela quickly discards the importance of the weapon, pushing it over and explaining that it and most of the things in the vault are “fake.” This would mean that Thanos already has the real gauntlet, explaining that post credit scene from “Avengers: Age of Ultron” in which he equips himself with the weapon.\n\nAnother important happening in this film is Ragnarok itself. Not just the title of the movie, Ragnarok is the reckoning of Asgard. In the end (AGAIN, SPOILER ALERT) Asgard is destroyed and its people are left to find a new home. As their king, Thor is tasked with finding them a new home and naturally chooses Earth. Of course, Thor and the Asgardians are joined by some other creatures, including the Hulk. This means the big green guy will be returned to Earth.\n\nThe significance of this of course is that the entire Avengers team will be reassembled just in time for their biggest fight yet. Or at least, that’s what you think for a few minutes.\n\nIn one of the post-credit scenes, Thor’s ship is overshadowed by a much larger one, foreshadowing something very ominous.\n\nOne of the last scenes on Asgard sees Loki running through the vault looking for a specific item before being distracted by the Tesseract, the cube that he wielded to incite the “incident” in New York in the first “Avengers” film. We never actually see him take it but, come on, it’s Loki.\n\nOne of the Asgardians on board Thor’s ship in the end is, you guessed it, Loki. We know that the Tesseract is one of the Infinity Stones and we know that it is very likely Loki has it. So who could be in the ship?\n\nIn a recent interview with The Wrap, Kevin Feige confirmed that the ship is Thanos’ “Sanctuary II,” meaning the Mad Titan himself is right at the doorstep of the now-mobile Asgard and our heroes.\n\nThanos is assembling the Infinity Stones, and he’s going to have to make it quick with only one movie between now and “Infinity War.” Odds are, he’s after the Tesseract.\n\nSo why should you care about any of this? It’s just another superhero movie that leads to another and another and so on. If the MCU is getting a little stale for you, fear not. I’m here to tell you why you shouldn’t give up just yet.\n\nOne of the biggest complaints about these movies is the lack of consequences for the characters. Even if something terrible happens and a character is killed, they end up coming back. Except for Quicksilver, so far at least.\n\n“Thor: Ragnarok” throws a wrinkle into that. While Thor is away and Hela attacks Asgard, some familiar characters step up to protect their home. The Warriors Three may not have been a huge part of the MCU, but we know they were Thor’s friends and have had roles in multiple films.\n\nWell, things don’t fare so well for them against the Goddess of Death and they are mercilessly slaughtered. That’s right. Named characters who share a personal relationship with the main character and play a pretty big role in the comics, were killed and with no sign of potential resurrection. How’s that for consequences?\n\nIf that is a sign of things to come, I have a bad feeling for some of our favorite heroes once “Infinity War” comes around.\n\nThe second biggest complaint is the overwhelming amount of content that comes from the MCU. It is certainly a lot to keep up to date with. There are roughly three movies each year, and each one plays a crucial role in the over-arching story. Sure, you can fill in the blanks if you miss one or two but you’re still missing out on some of the details.\n\nFor example, even if you have seen the previous two “Thor” films but you missed “Avengers: Age of Ultron,” you would have no idea why Hulk was on another planet in “Thor: Ragnarok.”\n\nIn some cases, it can be too much of a good thing but, like all good things, eventually it will come to an end. Sort of. “Infinity War” is the culmination of everything we have seen in the MCU thus far. It’s the pay off to all of the stories we witnessed since 2008. After that though, we may be in for a bit of a fresh start.\n\nNewer heroes like Spider-Man, Black Panther and the yet-to-be-introduced Captain Marvel may become the new focal points of the MCU, while Iron Man, Captain America and Thor fade out. I’m not saying it’s a sure thing, but like I said, all good things come to an end. Right?\n\nYes, even with this fresh start it may eventually rebuild to the point of needing to see all of 15 or maybe even 20 films, to fully understand the most recent one. If you’re not up for that, then maybe you lose interest again down line. Neither I nor Marvel can make you a fan of something. If you don’t like it, you don’t like it. But if you do, you’ll be there, in a theater for every movie that comes out.\n\nThere are tons of interesting characters and storylines that can still be used in the MCU and millions of people are excited to see them. “Thor: Ragnarok” has set up a lot of possible directions for the future of the MCU. Now we just have to wait and see what happens.\n\nComments Off on What “Thor: Ragnarok” means for the Marvel Cinematic Universe and why you should be along for the ride", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8644902110099792}
+{"content": "Connect with us\n\n\nA Century of Russia’s Weaponization of Energy\n\n\n\nIn 1985 a joint meeting between U.S. President Ronald Reagan, and former Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev conveyed this enduring sentiment during the height of the Cold War, “a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought.” This sentiment began moving both countries, and the world away from Mutually Assured Destruction (M.A.D.); and soon thereafter the Cold War ended. With the rise of Vladimir Putin, and the return of the Russian strongman based on the Stalin-model of leadership, Russia now uses and wields Russian energy assets, as geopolitical pawns (Syrian and Crimean invasions) the way they once terrorized the world with their nuclear arsenal.\n\nRussia will remain a global force – even with an economy over reliant on energy – and Putin being the political force that controls the country. What makes the Russian weaponization of energy a force multiplier is “its vast geography, permanent membership in the UN Security Council, rebuilt military, and immense nuclear forces,” while having the ability to disrupt global prosperity, and sway political ideologies in the United States, Europe, Middle East, Asia, and the entire Artic Circle.\n\nPutin understands that whoever controls energy controls the world – mainly fossil fuels – oil, petroleum, natural gas, coal, and nuclear energy to electricity is now added to this dominating mix. Now that Stalin has taken on mythological status under Putin’s tutelage, Joseph Stalin once said“The war (WWII) was decided by engines and octane.”Winston Churchill agreed with Stalin on the critical importance of fuel: “Above all, petrol governed every movement.”\n\nThe most devastating war in human history, and one that killed millions of Russians continues driving Putin’s choice to make energy the focal point of their economy, military, and forward-projecting foreign policy. This began the modern, energy-industrial complex that mechanized and industrialized energy as a war-making tool that still affects people-groups, countries, and entire regions of the world.\n\nRussia, then the U.S.S.R. (former Soviet Union), and now current Russia have always thought of energy as a way for their government to dominate their countrymen, traditional spheres of influence (Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Central Asia), and a strategic buffer zone against land-based attacks that came from Napoleon and Hitler’s armies that still haunts the Russian psyche.\n\nThe timeline of Russia from the 1917, violence-fueled Russian Revolution that brought the Bolsheviks to power, the rise and death of Stalin in 1953, World War II in-between, the Cold War that began March 5, 1946 in Winston Churchill’s famous speech declaring “an Iron Curtain has descended across the Continent,” has been powered by energy.\n\nThis kicked off the Cold War until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. During this epoch in history the Soviets promoted global revolution using their economy and military that ran on fossil fuels and nuclear weaponry. In 1999 Vladimir Putin becomes Prime Minister after Boris Yeltsin resigns office, and the rebirth of the Soviet Union, and weaponization of energy continues until today under Putin’s regime.\n\nWhat Russia now promotes foremost over all objectives: “undermining the U.S.-led liberal international order and the cohesion of the West.”Russia’s principal adversaries in this geopolitical tug-of-war over energy and influence are the U.S., the European Union (EU), and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). All of these variables are meant to bolster Russia and Putin’s “commercial, military, and energy interests.”\n\nThis geopolitical struggle doesn’t take place without abundant, reliable, affordable, scalable, and flexible oil, and natural gas. This is likely why Russia has begun a massive coal exploration and production (E&P) program that has grown exponentially since 2017 according to Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service.\n\nThe entire Russian economy is now based on rewarding Putin’s oligarchical cronies, and ensuring Russian energy giants Rosneft and Gazprom can fill the Kremlin’s coffers to annex Crimea and gain a strategic foothold in the Middle East via the Syrian invasion. This economic system is now referred to as “Putinomics.” Using energy resources to fund global chaos, and wars while rewarding his favorite oligarchs and agencies that do the Kremlin’s bidding.\n\nRussia is now in a full-fledged battle with western powers, and its affiliated allies over the fossil fuel industry. While the rest of the world is attempting to incorporate renewable energy to electricity onto its electrical grids, and pouring government monies into building momentum for a carbon-free society, Russia is going the opposite direction.\n\nMoscow’s energy intentions are clear, and have been for over one hundred years. Currently, there Syrian foothold has allowed them to entrench themselves back into the Middle East. This time they aren’t spreading revolutionary communism, instead it is Putin-driven oil and natural gas supplies through pipelines and E&P rights acquired in “Turkey, Iraq, Lebanon, and Syria.”\n\nRussia has a clear pathway to block U.S. liquid natural gas (LNG) into Europe, and a land bridge from the Middle East to Europe almost guarantees Russian natural gas is cheaper, more accessible, and maintains that Europe looks to Russia first for its energy needs. By cementing their role as the “primary gas supplier and expands its influence in the Middle East,” the U.S., EU, and NATO’s military dominance are overtaken by natural gas that Europe desperately needs to power their economies, and heat their homes in brutal, winter months.\n\nTo counter Russian energy influence bordering on a monopoly over European energy needs, the current U.S. administration should make exporting natural gas into LNG a top “priority.” Work with European allies in Paris, Berlin, and NATO headquarters to operationally thwart Moscow’s “Middle East energy land bridge.” Global energy security is too important by allowing Russian influence to continue spreading.\n\nTodd Royal, MPP, is a geopolitical energy consultant and author based in Los Angeles, California. Todd has written for National Interest,, and had his works picked up Yahoo Finance, USA Today and Business Insider. His upcoming book, \"Energy Made Easy,\" will be released this summer. Todd can be reached on Twitter @TCR_Consulting\n\n\nIs energy transition the answer to Africa’s Socio-Economic Development?\n\n\n\n\nThe meeting called for bold measures related to opportunities and challenges facing Africa, to accelerate actions towards the full implementation of the Paris Agreement and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. The meeting aimed at fully unlocking Africa’s position on climate adaptation, to expand modern energy access, reduce poverty and create jobs, whilst contributing to the global objectives of circumventing the lock-in of carbon into future development on the continent.\n\nAs impacts of climate change continue to worsen and pose significant threats to socio-economic development globally, speakers across governments, African Union Commission, African Development Bank, United Nations, leading policy influencers and private sectors deliberated through a virtual forum, co-organised by the African Development Bank (AFDB), United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), and the African Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD).\n\nIn her keynote address, H.E. Dr Amani Abou-Zeid, Commissioner for Infrastructure and Energy at the African Union Commission underscored that it is in the best interest of Africa to join global efforts, to transition towards Net-Zero emissions, in order to mitigate future impacts of climate change on the continent and also reduce the costs of adaptation.\n\n‘‘The availability of abundant renewable energy resources on the continent such as hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal and bio-energy can transform Africa’s energy sector to modern and sustainable energy through both grid and off-grid systems. These resources offer opportunities to accelerate clean energy access on the continent through energy transition and especially factoring natural gas as an energy transition fuel for power and clean cooking’’, She stressed.\n\nDr. Abou-Zeid also emphasized that Africa’s political will and commitment is highly significant to accelerate the uptake of renewable energy as evidenced by the targets within countries national plans reflected in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to achieve climate and development ambitions. ‘‘COP26 should seek to stimulate concrete actions to address the huge financing gap to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050’’, she further stressed.\n\nThough Africa contributes about 3.6% of the global CO2 emission, there is evidence that climate change impacts on Africa are more severe, bearing in mind that access to affordable clean energy remain one of the biggest challenges facing the continent. Thus, addressing persistent barriers to energy development on the continent through technical, financial, markets, policy and regulatory framework is essential.\n\nH.E Dr Gerd Muller, the Federal Minister for Economic Cooperation and Development of Germany called for joint forces amongst nations to act now on issues of climate change and decarbonisation. He said that moving to renewable energy will create jobs and many other opportunities, which will make Africa a green continent. “Decarbonisation is necessary because the energy sector is the source of more than two thirds of all CO2 emissions’’ he emphasised.  Expressing Germany’s commitment to work with Africa in her energy transition ambitions, he hailed the proposed AU-EU Green Energy Initiative as an appropriate instrument for facilitating a bi-continental approach.\n\nH.E. Mr. Benatou ZIANE, Minister of Energy Transition and Renewable Energy of Algeria noted in a statement read on his behalf by Mr CHABANE Merouane, Permanent Secretary, that Africa needs to diversify its energy sources and liberate itself from the dependency of hydropower, to guarantee energy security for the future generations for the development of an economy which is based on a model that is aligned with socio-economic needs, promote equality, employment creation and responds to Africa’s energy challenges. “Algeria has already started working on a policy framework for a new energy model, to balance a local energy mix which is favourable for transition and reducing emission by 2030. We are also working on developing renewable energy by increasing 15 GW by 2035’’ he stressed.  \n\nIn their panel discussion H.E Hon. Dr. Matthew Opoku Prempeh, Minister of Energy of Ghana, Mr. Jean-Paul Adam, Director Technology, Climate Change and Natural Resources Management of UNECA, Mr. Henry Paul Batchi Baldeh, Director Power System Development at AfDB, and Mr. Mamadou Diakhité, Acting Head of Division for Environmental Sustainability at AUDA-NEPAD highlighted the following:\n\n  • Africa need to be realistic in  choosing  the energy transition pathways which address her unique requirements/circumstances;\n  • Enhancing policy, legislation and implementation approaches across national, regional and continental level, to enable a favourable environment for development;\n  • Leapfrog into the green development space without ignoring Africa’s infrastructure development and industrialisation ambitions;\n  • Develop bankable projects to scale up access to funding and investment;\n  • Adopt a mix of energy solutions to address the needs of each country including solutions to high tariffs and accessibility to sustainable energy options;\n  • Promote energy efficiency which is necessary for energy transition;\n  • Focus on building energy infrastructure and strengthening transmission corridors.\n\nThe African Union together with its various development agencies and partners have taken concrete actions by developing continental development programmes and projects such as, improving infrastructure to increase regional power system network by 2040, stimulating and expanding energy markets by providing evidence-based policy advise to member states and ensuring that frameworks and strategies which will enhance technology transfer, technical capacity building at continental and national level are adopted and strengthened. Mobilising adequate financing to accelerate the energy transition agenda in Africa is also one the challenges that the Commission has focused its attention.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n\nEnergy Sector in Spain: Current State and Future Prospects\n\n\n\nEurope’s energy transition is under scrutiny following the region’s soaring electricity prices and the scarcity of fossil fuels. The inadequacy of renewable energies to efficiently respond to these problems has become apparent. Is it necessary to increase the commitment to renewable energies and accelerate the transition? Must Europe re-think the market for emission rights (responsible for 70% of the increase in electricity prices in Spain, according to the Bank of Spain)? Does Europe need to take a step back and stockpile fossil fuels to avoid a future energy crisis?\n\nSpain, like the rest of its European neighbors, has been a victim of the current electricity price crisis and the authorities are still trying to resolve it. To understand it in depth, it is first necessary to understand the state of the energy industry in Spain. This article aims to present a detailed analysis of the most recent developments in the energy field in Spain, the current situation of the sector and its prospects. To this end, it studies fossil fuels, renewable energy, nuclear energy, and ends with an open discussion that seeks to address some of the main issues that will define the future of the energy transition in Spain.\n\nFor this analysis, the article takes official documents of the Spanish government as its main basis: the Energy Book 2018 of the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge, the National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan 2021-2030, the Law 7/2021, of May 20, on Climate Change and Energy Transition. It also uses sources like the Red Eléctrica de España website, multiple Spanish press articles and the IEA Spain 2021 Energy Policy Review.\n\nFossil Fuels\n\nAs of 2018, fossil fuels held a major share in the Spanish final energy consumption. Oil (51% of final energy consumption) is mainly imported from Nigeria, Mexico and Saudi Arabia. Yet, Spain is a net exporter of oil products and has 9 refineries. Gas (16,4%) is mainly imported from Argelia (51% of imports), followed by Nigeria, France and Qatar. Around half of the supply arrives in LPG. Finally, coal (1.8%) is mostly imported from Russia, Colombia and Australia.\n\nThe government expects a 34% reduction of the fossil fuels contribution to primary energy by 2030 (with compared to 2017 data). In final consumption, oil participation is forecasted to drop by 28% between 2015 and 2030. Gas will maintain a stable share, due to its key role in the combined cycle electricity production that will support the development of renewable energy. Finally, coal will become insubstantial, in line with the Decision 2010/787/EU of the Council of the EU and the closing of the coal extraction in Spain.\n\nRenewable Energy\n\nRenewable energy made up 7.2% of the total final energy consumption in Spain, a figure that has experienced constant growth since the 1990s, but that has been mostly stable since 2011. In terms of electricity production, data in August 2021 renewable energy accounted for 49% of total production. In addition, a steady growth in thermic renewable energy (1.6% per year, thanks to biomass) and transport renewable energy (thanks to biofuels) should be noted.\n\nNowadays, the renewable energy sources that have the most installed power capacity in Spain are hydroelectricity and wind power. Wind power and solar PV are expected to experience fast growth, while solar thermoelectric and pumped- storage hydroelectricity will undergo a slower development. Hydroelectricity will remain stable.\n\nThe rapid development of renewable energy in Spain is supported by a strong legislative framework. This includes domestic laws as well as the EU policy for Renewable Energy and Climate Change as well as international agreements (the most important of which, the 2015 Paris Agreement, was ratified by Spain in 2017).\n\nUntil recently, the main regulatory documents were the 2007 Spanish Strategy on Climate Change and Clean Energy for 2020 and the Renewable Energy Plan 2011-2020, based on EU Directive 2009/28/EC. However, along with the Paris Agreements, Spain is developing a new Legal Framework of 5 documents:\n\n  • Law 7/2021, 20th of May 2021, on Climate Change and Energy Transition: sets the minimum targets for 2030 and 2050.\n  • National Integrated Plan of Energy and Climate 2021-2030: published in 2020 the law sets the medium-term prospects and milestones.\n  • Strategy for Low Emissions in 2050: has a long-term perspective.\n  • Strategy for a Fair Transition: attempts to address the problems of regions of Spain connected to technologies that will be displaced because of the National Integrated Plan of Energy and Climate 2021-2030.\n  • National Strategy against Energy Poverty.\n\nThis legal basis is supported by a set of institutions: CENER (National Center of Renewable Energies), IDEA (Institute for Diversification and Saving Energy), CIEMAT (Center of Energy, Environment and Technology Research), and CECRE (Center of Control of Renewable Energy). In addition, the government has created the Inter-ministerial Commission of Climate Change and Energy Transition (for coordinating between the different ministries) and has committed to establishing the Commission of Coordination of Climate Change politics (for coordination with the Spanish regions).\n\nThe objectives set by the Renewable Energy Plan 2011-2020 for 2020 of at least 20,8% of the final consumption of energy and at least 39% on the total of the electricity consumption coming from renewable energy were achieved. The Law 7/2021, 20th of May 2021, on Climate Change and Energy Transition sets new binding goals: 42% of renewable energy in total final energy consumption in 2030 and 74% of generation of electricity from renewables in 2030.\n\nThe National Integrated Plan of Energy and Climate 2021-2030 draws goals and prospects that are in accordance with the new law. For achieving this, it expects the renewable energy power by 2030 to consist of 50 GW of wind power, 39 GW solar PV, 27 GW combined gas cycles, 16 GW hydraulic, 9,5 GW pumped-storage hydroelectricity and 7 GW solar thermoelectric. The plan expects the price of energy generation to drop by 31% by 2030, carbon centrals to be non-competitive, and a governmental investment of 91.765 million euros in renewable energy (80% of which will be allocated to the private sector). It also forecasts that energy dependency will diminish from 73% in 2017 to 61% in 2030.\n\nAs for biomass, which accounted for only 4% of the total renewable energy generation in Spain, it is only recently that Spain took the necessary steps to promote this source. The National Integrated Plan on Energy and Climate 2021-2030 comprises the installed energy potential to double between 2015 and 2030, and states that there should be a further normative development.\n\nNuclear Energy\n\nThe share of nuclear energy in the total electricity generation in Spain was 22.20% in 2020, having remained quite stable over the years. It signifies close to 30% of the total clean energy production in Spain.\n\nThe main actors of the system are 4 ownership and production companies (Endesa, Iberdrola, EDP and Naturgy), the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge, the Nuclear Safety Council and ENUSA and Enresa (national companies in charge of fuel supply and radioactive waste management). On the issue of fuel supply, ENUSA Industrias Avanzadas is the state-company that produces nuclear fuel for Spanish nuclear plants as well as for exports. As there is no uranium mining in Spain, the country imports the enriched uranium, mainly from the United Kingdom (Brexit was addressed in bilateral governmental contacts) and it is ensured by the Euratom Treaty and the European Supply Agency. Regarding the waste management, high radioactivity waste storage has been planned but not yet implemented, and there is one storage center for medium and low radioactivity already.\n\nBy the year 2035 Spain plans to close all of its nuclear energy generation plants, in collaboration with EU nuclear countries. Enresa and the nuclear energy companies agreed in 2019 on a calendar to shut down the 4 nuclear plants by 2030 and the resting 3 before 2035. This signifies the consolidation of the process of shutdown of the reactors: it establishes the necessary protocols and puts an end to continuous disagreements between the parties. It also makes sure that nuclear energy continues contribute to the clean energy production goals of 2030.\n\nIn line with this, the Law/2021, 20th of May 2021, on Climate Change and Energy Transition states that the government will not give or extend any prospecting and exploitation permits for radioactive minerals and that it will not allow for new nuclear plants to be built. With the closing of the current nuclear plants and the prohibition on new nuclear plants, the future of nuclear energy in Spain is being replaced by renewable energy.\n\n\nThis article portrays the directions of Spanish energy policy. It notes a number of features: the decline of coal-produced energy and the mining of coal, the preservation of gas as a supporting resource for renewable energy complications, the abandonment of nuclear energy, and the commitment to renewable energy. While these goals are supported by a planned framework and milestones, factors that initially were not accounted for are impacting their progress.\n\nUp until 2020 Spain was successfully closing down coal mining and coal-fired thermal power plants. By 2018 it had abandoned coal mining, and by the end of 2020 it had closed most of these plants. In 2021, however, Spain has had to increase the electricity generation of the remaining coal powered plants due to the storm Filomena and the shortage of energy sources that it is currently suffering. October is expected to be the month this year during which the highest amount of coal consumption. In addition to that, Spain has been buying Moroccan electricity originating from coal.\n\nThe use of gas in combined cycle plants is under scrutiny due to recent developments in the country’s main gas source, Algeria. Algeria has traditionally exported gas to Spain via the Medgaz pipeline (directly to Spain) and GME (via Morocco). In recent weeks Alger closed diplomatic relations with Rabat, and three days later hinted that it would not renew the GME pipeline agreement, which expires on 31 October.\n\nExclusive use of the Medgaz pipeline (which has recently been extended) would not be sufficient to cover Spanish gas demand. Even so, after bilateral contacts, Algeria guaranteed gas supply to Spain and will probably continue to do so via LNG tankers, which will increase prices.\n\nThe Spanish nuclear sector is one of the most important sources of clean electricity for Spain. Yet the infrastructure is too old, and its plants have already received too many extensions on their use. The government, therefore, plans to close down all nuclear plants by 2035. As a result, we can expect a rise in the importance of nuclear waste management can be forecasted, as well as problems with the relocation of the industry workers. However, following the electricity prices exponential rice of this summer, the Spanish government has entered into a conflict with the electricity companies (which own the nuclear plants). In response, the companies have threatened to close all nuclear power plants by 2021. Such an event would significantly damage the Spanish stand on clean energy as well as accelerate the termination of nuclear energy in Spain.\n\nIn contrast to coal or nuclear energy, renewable energy sources are the focus of government support. The trend in the sector this century has been one of steady development, which this is expected to continue. While hydropower has historically been predominant, wind and solar are set to see the greatest increase. With this, Spain hopes to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and lower the price of electricity.\n\nHowever, these plans have been called into question by the events of recent months. On one hand, there has been criticism on the stagnation of the development of solar photovoltaic energy (partly due to the inadequacy of the public administration in processing the requested projects as well as the opposition from local communities in rural areas). While this does not jeopardize Spain’s clean development goals, it does imply a certain slowdown. On the other hand, the current electricity price and energy supply crisis has highlighted the limitations of these developments in Spain, and has strained relations between government and energy companies, which may hinder future progress.\n\nThe prospects for energy in Spain are clear: renewable energy. The speed, however, at which Spain plans to reach its targets may be affected by factors not initially foreseen. The need to resort to coal, doubts about gas supply, and the conflict between state and energy companies that has endangered the continuity of nuclear energy in the country are examples of obstacles that need to be overcome. This is not to say that Spain will not achieve its goals, but rather that it is in a transition phase, and that the success of this process depends on how it responds to the problems that arise. This is why the future of energy in Spain, although moving in a very specific direction, is still open.\n\nFrom our partner RIAC\n\nContinue Reading\n\n\nThe Importance of the South China Sea: Energy Perspective\n\n\n\nAuthors: Budi Prayogo Sunariyanto and Akhmad Hanan\n\nTerritorial disputes for many countries in the South China Sea has become a hot issue for several years until today. The South China Sea, which mostly consists of ASEAN countries and part of the Asia Pacific region, is currently facing a unilateral claim from China. The dispute is not an intra-ASEAN conflict but involves some ASEAN members, Vietnam, Brunei Darussalam, and the Philippines, against China (outside ASEAN) as an aggressive claimant in the South China Sea. Indonesia is also indirectly involved (as a non-claimant state) because fishers from China often engage in Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing (IUUF) activity in the North Natuna Sea – the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone.\n\nThe issues in the South China Sea have drawn global condemnation as it is considered that China could threaten the peace and security of the ASEAN region. Furthermore, the issues provoked the United States and its allies to stabilize the ASEAN regional security to maintain peace and security in the Asia Pacific region through a trilateral defence pact between Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States (AUKUS) in September 2021. Under the pact, the United States and the United Kingdom will assist Australia in developing nuclear-powered submarines and deploying allied military forces to the Asia Pacific region. This action marks a new Cold War era in the Asia Pacific region, especially in the South China Sea region.\n\nThen the question: is it really just a matter of peace and security issues? We have to look at the geopolitics aspect of the South China Sea from another perspective for the answer. The South China Sea is an area that has abundant natural resources, especially energy resources. China and the ASEAN countries knew that the South China Sea has potential oil and natural gas on the seabed. Quoted from the Asia Maritime Transparency Maritime Initiative, the US Energy Information Agency has estimated that the South China Sea holds about 190 trillion cubic feet (TCF) of natural gas and 11 billion barrels of proven and probable oil reserves. The amount of energy reserves is fantastic and has economic value for any country with territory in the South China Sea.\n\nOn the other hand, the total final consumption (TFC) of energy by source in the Asia Pacific region reached almost 175 million Terajoules (TJ) in 2019 and is projected to increase in proportion to the population and economic growth in the Asia Pacific. The Asia Pacific region is home to about 60 percent of the global population. With this fact, many countries in the Asia Pacific are competing to find energy resources to meet their needs, as depicted in the South China Sea dispute to claim energy resources. \n\nChina, which also lies in the Asia Pacific region, has the same goal of obtaining energy resources in the South China Sea. China’s nine-dash line claim in the South China Sea is certainly aimed to secure energy resources to meet China’s energy needs. In 2014, China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) conducted a deepwater drilling rig in the Vietnamese waters and began seafloor drilling operations for natural gas. The location of the drilling activity is in Vietnam’s exclusive economic zone and only almost 17 nautical miles from Triton Island in the South China Sea. Then in April 2021, it was reported that Chinese scientists on a marine research vessel “Sea Bull II” had drilled deep in the South China Sea to retrieve sediment core from the seabed. This drilling activity is to explore natural gas hydrate resources in the seabed. China is undoubtedly looking for evidence of energy resources in the South China Sea.\n\nMeanwhile, the US and its allies do not directly target the energy resources in the South China Sea. The US and its allies are interested in blocking China’s influence in the Asia Pacific. More than 30% of global maritime crude oil trade moves through the South China Sea, including crude oil trade from Europe, the Middle East, to the United States. In other words, the US and its allies are interested in securing South China Sea passage and ensuring energy supply for the US and its allies.\n\nThe Middle East considers that the South China Sea is a major trade route. In 2016, crude oil shipments from Saudi Arabia mostly passed through the South China Sea. In addition, around 90% of Japan and South Korea’s imported crude oil from Middle Eastern suppliers is transported through the Strait of Malacca and then the South China Sea. With this fact, the security of the South China Sea is essential for energy supply in the Asia Pacific region. \n\nThe conflict in the South China Sea must be resolved immediately through diplomatic mechanisms by the Asian Pacific countries. No one can unilaterally control the South China Sea with the defence power of each country. Moreover, making territorial claims that are contrary to the sovereign rights and international law of the sea. The Asia Pacific countries are responsible for maintaining peace and security because the South China Sea has a vital role in energy security in the Asia Pacific region and globally.\n\nContinue Reading", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9960314631462097}
+{"content": "استور اندرویدی مایکت: مرجع دانلود ایرانیان\nخانه بازی استراتژی\nAlchemy War: Clash of Magic\n\nAlchemy War: Clash of Magic\n\nنصب در حال دریافت\nآخرین بروزرسانی۱۳۹۹/۰۷/۱۷\nتعداد دانلود۶۰۰\nحجم۲۹۰ مگابایت\nفایل دیتانصب خودکار\nنوع بازی اندرویدی\nدسته‌بندی استراتژی\nسازنده Chessia Games\nTired of playing as a hero and a knight? Now join the real-time strategy(RTS) game Alchemy War: Clash of Magic! Choose the evil side, be the Great Devil!\nOnce upon a time, there was an old alchemy continent inhabited by fairies, witches, enchanted trees and all sorts of magical creatures. The Great Devil masters the alchemy magic and rules the alchemy world in a tyrannical way.\nDissatisfied with the rule of the Great Devil, six justice knights conspire to defeat the Great Devil with magic, make him fell into a deep sleep. From then on, people lived in peace and happiness.\nHowever, the power of evil never dies...\nFinally one day, The Great Devil was awakened by his faithful servant!\nNow, It's time to start your revenge journey! Recapture everything that belongs to you! Bring blood and nightmare to this continent again!\nGame Features:\n🔮1. Real Real-time Strategy Game(RTS)\n- The epic battle is not pre-calculated, it happens in real-time on the map.\n- There are infinite possibilities in the fog of war, you need to send troops to explore and fight.\n🔮2. Classic RTS Features\n- Realize the most classic control action in RTS games: Formation, Hold and Attack Mode, Surround and Focus fire, Cast skill by Manual, Wall In and Hold the Chokepoint.\n-Truly loss and death. It needs to consume resources to recruit new creatures.\n🔮3. Multiple Strategy Combinations\n- Try different formations to maximize your might in Alchemy War.\n- Try to divide your creatures into 2 or 3 troops to fight and garrison.\n- Make the most of racial restraint.\n- Dispatch different creatures based on enemy attributes and race. Flexible use of air forces to constrain enemy ground forces.\n🔮4. Various Gameplay Mode\n-Tower Defense, Boss Battle, Escorting Play and Endless Mode.\n- Beware of the kingdoms that you have retaken. Maybe someone is plotting to rebel!\n🔮5. Summon Magic Creatures\n- 6 unique races (Human, Orcs, Wild, Undead, Demon, and Fantasy), dozens of class, hundreds of creature forms and skills!\n- Feed the creatures with their favorite foods; Arm creatures with equipment!\n🔮6. Explore Mysterious Dungeons&Ruins\n- Entirely randomly generated dungeons&ruins! Are powerful enemies or huge treasures? !\n- Well-designed BOSS with various skills is waiting for your challenge!\n- Full of surprising mazes, easter eggs, and rich puzzles. Every exploration grants a unique adventure experience！\nConquer the 6 kingdoms and explore dungeons in the alchemy world!\nFight against enemies in the fog of war！\nExperience multiplay gameplay in MOBA mode, tower defense mode, and escort mode!\nRecruit and summon the creatures from 6 races(Human, Orcs, Wild, Undead, Demon, Fantasy)!\nBuild Devil Kingdoms and repress the just knights who betrayed you!\n[About Chessia]\nChessia Game is an indie game studio with a crew of 9 personnel.\nWe don't just MAKE games. We LOVE games.\nWe make what we proud of and hope to impress you.\nOur first game is an RTS game called Alchemy War: Clash of Magic\nContact us for further support and information:\n📧Support Mail: support@chessiagames.com\n📱 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AlchemyWar/\n📺YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpXuIim1SMc6CCLRcIogVLQ?view_as=subscriber\n💬Discord Channel: https://discord.gg/DHbWwKu\n📱 Review：https://freeappsforme.com/alchemy-war-game-review/\n==Global Launch! V1.0.1==\n1. New Daily Quest, Main Quest, Treasure Room, Friends Chat\n2. New Elite Campaign, and can be challenged repeatedly\n3. Added Table of combo skills\n4. Modified the skills and attributes of the creatures\n5. Optimized the operations of unit control: moving, grouping...\n6. Enchant effects can stack\n7. New orange and red equipment\n8. Changed the leaderboard to point system, reset periodically\n9. Other optimations\nPlease check the update note on the Facebook\n\nدیگران نصب کرده‌اند\n\nبرنامه‌های پیشنهادی", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9749865531921387}
+{"content": "Physicians Desk Reference Physicians Desk Reference\n\n\nparticle (par´ti-kl)\n\nA very small piece or portion of anything. [L. particula, dim. of pars, part]\nalpha p. (a) a p. consisting of two neutrons and two protons, with a positive charge (2e+); emitted energetically from the nuclei of unstable isotopes of high atomic number (elements of mass number from 82 up); identical to the helium nucleus.alpha ray;\nbeta p. an electron, either positively (positron, beta+) or negatively (negatron, beta-) charged, emitted during beta decay of a radionuclide. See also cathode rays, under ray.beta ray;\nchromatin p.'s fine bluish dots thought to represent remnants of the nucleus, occasionally seen in stained erythrocytes.\ncore p. p. released by partial enzymatic digestion of chromatin.\nDane p.'s the larger spherical forms of hepatitis-associated antigens; they comprise the virion of hepatitis B virus, containing a 27-nm \"core\" in which DNA-dependent DNA polymerase and circular, double-stranded DNA have been found.\ndefective interfering p. an incomplete virus that is unable to replicate and interferes with replication of an infectious virus.\nD.I. p. abbreviation for defective interfering p.\nelectron transport p.'s (ETP) fragments of mitochondria still capable of transporting electrons.submitochondrial p.'s;\nelementary p. 1. platelet 2. one of the units occurring on the matrical surface of mitochondrial cristae; the head of the p., which measures about 9 nm, attaches to the membrane of the crista by a stalk 5 nm in length; the p.'s may be concerned with the electron transport system.\nkappa p.'s inheritable cytoplasmic symbionts, once thought to be p.'s mainly or exclusively of DNA, occurring in some strains of Paramecium; capable of producing a product lethal to other strains.\nsignal recognition p. (SRP) a small RNA-protein complex that interacts with the signal sequence of nascent secretory proteins. Binding of the signal recognition p. results in arrest of translation until interaction with docking protein, an integral part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.\nsubmitochondrial p.'s electron transport p.'s\nZimmermann's elementary p. platelet\n\n\nBrowse Medical References:\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9586859941482544}
+{"content": "So Where Are We At With Brexit and UK-EU Data Laws?\n\nWell, it’s finally happened : Brexit has taken place, the transition period has ended, and a trade deal has been struck between the UK and the EU. As a result, we now have concrete answers about the nature of the new relationship between the two parties, including laws around data transference.\n\nEr actually no, sorry, that’s a lie\n\nAs nice as it would have been if the deal had brought clarity on this and many other matters, the issue of data flows is still unresolved. The good news is that both sides appear to be on the same page as far as wanting an agreement that recognises the UK’s data protection laws as being equivalent to the EU’s GDPR.\n\nUnder the GDPR, the UK must now, like any other third country, prove its data protection laws are sufficiently robust to allow data to continue to flow freely, as it did previously.\n\nWhile we wait for the EU to make its judgement about the UK’s standards, a “bridging period” of 6 months has been put in place. Assuming an agreement is reached within that time, data flows will remain seamless. In the event of no agreement however, issues will arise for businesses serving both EU and UK customers, as they will need to comply with both the UK and EU’s data laws.\n\nNeedless to say, being required to adhere to multiple sets of stringent regulations would be a nightmare for businesses. So far, indications are good that recognition will be given, although it all depends on what happens from now until the end of June. And obviously, any move by the UK side to dilute their standards below the EU’s will ruin its chances of obtaining adequacy.\n\nGiven that the UK government has previously explicitly stated it wants to diverge from the GDPR, a deal is by no means certain. It would however be in the best interests of all involved, so let’s hope that, for once at least, sanity prevails.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8562062978744507}
+{"content": "Soul Manifestation\n\nWhite Island\n\nWhat Does it Really Mean to Embrace Your Yin and Yang?\n\nCan we settle on a few things?\n\nThe sunlight is a blazing round of power that fuels many points on our earth – our food and even ourselves. This is a fact.\n\n\n\n\nThis fact can be verified with anything.\n\nConsider how a plant grows: there’s the stunning development that we see above ground, but also delicately linked origins that expand underneath the ground.\n\n\n\n\nDid you understand that you even have a sunlight indicator as well as a moon indication astrologically?\n\nLearning more about both sides of on your own from a rational and psychological perspective can aid you to understand exactly how to show up the life that you absolutely wish to live.\n\nTap Into Logic Utilizing Old Scientific Tools Like Astrology\n\n\nThis is so much to make sure that a variety of ancient cultures have actually used it’s logical reasoning to really calculate calendars, dictate significant decisions when it involved war technique, and also even intended their plants around astrological days.\n\nAstrology makes use of a system that combines mathematics and also astronomy to produce an intimate language that just a few comprehend on a really deep level.\n\nNot just do astrologists formulate charts (comparable to mathematical graphs), they likewise examine particular facets and also transportations that integrate degrees (these can appear like geometric angles that you may have examined in mathematics class).\n\nTo come to be a fluent astrologer, you must dedicate to both the use of scientific research and also math, but also use your intuition!\nIncorporating Emotional Knowledge To Open Your Soul Course\n\n\nThat’s simply not real.\n\nEverybody can connect with their intuition and also should!\n\nAs high as our society teaches us to avoid emotions (whether you’re male or women), we should discover to unlearn these methods.\n\nThe feelings are integral to being familiar with on your own on a much deeper, spiritual degree. As a matter of fact, we would presume regarding claim that feelings are how your heart speaks with you, but you need to educate on your own to pay attention.\n\n\nThis is exactly how you tap into your instinct.\n\nYes, it’s excellent to really feel angry sometimes. Yes, it’s excellent to feel disappointed sometimes. Yes, it’s excellent to feel unfortunate occasionally. Yes, it’s remarkable to really feel passionate, as well!\n\nThese are all valid feelings that supply proof and also assistance regarding where your spirit would like you to go as well as where your spirit would not like you to go.\n\nWhen something makes you anxious, that is your heart speaking with you, alerting you that maybe that isn’t the course for you. While when something makes you thrilled as well as energetic, your spirit is exclaiming, “YES!” and also motivating you to progress.\n\nHow To Utilize Both Logic and Emotion to Materialize the Life Your Spirit Really Desires\n\nAs we mentioned above, we reside in a world that is double in numerous ways.\n\nIt is necessary to acknowledge this to make sure that you can benefit from the tools and resources that are around you as well as use the natural abilities that you have within on your own.\n\nAstrology is one the oldest, most relied on devices that humanity has been able to use to comprehend the spirit’s objective by very first reviewing the Sun indicator. The sunlight indication is your individual zodiac sign that in fact describes your distinct characteristics and also even highlights your emotional triggers as well as exclamations.\n\nNot just can you utilize a scientific tool that’s packed with logic, however while exploring your personal astrology, you can also exercise utilizing your emotions.\n\n\nThe answer is generally guaranteed and recharged to show up the life that your spirit is yearning for.\n\n\nYou’ll be amazed at what you can achieve when you acknowledge and also recognize your facility, twin nature.\n\n\nThe time is currently!\n\n\nServices in White Island\n\nSoul Manifestation", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7903366088867188}
+{"content": "How do I surf the net?\n\nHow do I surf the Internet undetected?\n\nHere’s how to surf anonymously with various tools:\n\n  2. Use a private email service.\n  3. Employ specialized anti-tracking software.\n  4. Use a more private search engine.\n  5. Get a secure browser.\n\nWhat does surfing the Net means?\n\nOne easy and quick way to find any information is through the Internet. Internet Surfing as it is popularly known means to go from one page to another on the Internet, browsing for topics of interest. Internet Surfing usually involves: ▪ Starting an Internet browser.\n\nWhich software is needed for Net surfing?\n\nThe most popular web browsers are Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge (formerly Internet Explorer), Mozilla Firefox, and Apple’s Safari. If you have a Windows computer, Microsoft Edge (or its older counterpart, Internet Explorer) are already installed on your computer.\n\nHow do I surf the Internet like a pro?\n\nHere we take a look at ten cool browser tricks that’ll help you use the Internet like pro.\n\n  1. Restore a Tab. We’ve all closed a tab by accident. …\n  2. Clear the Cache. …\n  3. Load “Dead” Webpages. …\n  4. Highlight the URL. …\n  5. Turn Text into a Web Address. …\n  6. Cycle Between Tabs. …\n  7. Reddit Slideshow. …\n  8. Reverse Image Search.\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Quick Answer: Did they really surf in Vietnam?\n\nHow do I browse secretly?\n\n\n  2. Mac: Press ⌘ + Shift + n.\n\nHow do hackers remain anonymous?\n\n\nWhat is safe surfing?\n\nnoun. the practice of using security measures to protect one’s computer while surfing the internet.\n\nWhat is difference between searching and surfing?\n\n\nIs Internet surfing Good for Us?\n\nThe researchers found that the Web-surfers were significantly more productive and effective at the tasks than those in the other two groups and reported lower levels of mental exhaustion, boredom and higher levels of engagement. “Browsing the Internet serves an important restorative function,” the authors said.\n\nHow many browsers exist?\n\nThere are four leading web browsers − Explorer, Firefox, Netscape, and Safari, but there are many others browsers available. You might be interested in knowing Complete Browser Statistics.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7935446500778198}
+{"content": "Peek A Who?\n\nType of Activity: Name Game\n\nProps Needed: One Tarp\n\nSet Up: Need sitting room. Works well with 8-25 participants for 15 to 20 minutes.\n\nProcess: Divide the group into two groups.  The facilitator and one other person hold the tarp up in the center between the two groups.  While tarp is up each team sends a participant to the center.  On the count of three the tarp is dropped.  The chosen participants try to say the other participants name from the other team first.  Whoever can say the person's name who is on the other side of the tarp first wins that member for their team.  Group can not assist in guessing the name.  Game is over when all participants are on one side.  Have the group be as creative as possible when it is their turn up at the tarp!  I've seen some funny ones!\n\nVariations: person picked goes to tar and sits with back to the tarp. When the tarp is dropped on “3” the group describes the participant their back is to until they say that participants name based on the description they received from their team.\n\nDebriefing Topics:\n\n  • Was it difficult to remember the names of the opposing team?\n  • Why is it difficult to come up with answers when you are put on the spot?\n  • Does this happen in real life?  How?\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9424753785133362}
+{"content": "AnRKey X makes it easy for billions of gamers around the world to easily monetize their game play, participate in ownership & earn real money.\n\nOur technology is the gDEX Protocol, a Decentralized Finance Gaming Platform Exchange, based on a Web3 autonomous tokenized social gaming economy utilizing liquid non-fungible tokens. We enable trustless p2p commerce, allowing all participants to share in the value they create.\n\nThe permissionless protocol allows the leveraging of lending power to any liquid DeFi pool or financial market through gamified financial products while applying mechanized token economics allowing mainstream scalability of emerging NFT markets\n\nLearn about the gDEX Protocol in-depth with our lightpaper.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6953938603401184}
+{"content": "\n\n\nHere is everything you need to know about Yuri Nakagawa Whole family back ground, latest updates on relationships status, Family background, and How Qualified/Educated she is. Yuri Nakagawa’s Estimated Net Worth/Salary, Age, Biography, Work, Social media accounts i.e. Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Social Life. Also, know details Info about the Current Net worth of Yuri Nakagawa as well as Yuri Nakagawa ‘s earnings, Worth, Salary, Property, and Whole Income.\n\nYuri Nakagawa, best known by the real complete Family name Yuri Nakagawa, is a popular Model. she was born on , in Kanazawa, Ishikawa\n\n.Kanazawa is a beautiful and populous city located in Kanazawa, Ishikawa", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997215270996094}
+{"content": "Taxing the rich: How a UK wealth tax could work\n\nA new report by the Wealth Tax Commission drills down into how various wealth taxes could be implemented to shore up the United Kingdom’s pandemic-ravaged public coffers.\n\nTaxing the rich has broad popular support, but how to do it effectively is a subject of debate [File: Toby Melville/Reuters]\n\nForcing the affluent to pay higher taxes on their wealth – especially assets like property and stocks that can increase in value over time – enjoys broad-based support with the general public. But who counts as wealthy, and how can governments best levy these taxes?\n\nA new report released on Wednesday drills down into how different types of wealth taxes could help shore up the coffers of the United Kingdom as it faces its largest peacetime deficit ever.\n\nFor example, a one-off, one percent tax charged for five years on individual wealth above 500,000 British pounds ($668,882) would generate 260 billion British pounds ($347.8bn) of revenue for the UK, found a report (PDF) by the independent Wealth Tax Commission.\n\nRaise the threshold to two million pounds, and the proposed tax would produce a far less generous windfall of 80 billion British pounds ($107bn) for the UK treasury.\n\nThe half-a-million-pound threshold would affect 8,246 people residing in the UK, while the higher two million pound bar would impact 626 individuals.\n\nA key advantage of a one-off wealth tax is that it is harder for the rich to dodge, given that it is based on individual wealth assessed at a particular date.\n\n“Well-designed one-off taxes are very difficult to avoid since they are based on behaviour that has already occurred and past values,” said the report.\n\nIn contrast to a one-off wealth tax, an annual wealth tax would be a permanent fixture of the UK tax code (unless it is changed, of course).\n\nThe commission estimates that an annual 0.6 percent tax on wealth in excess of two million pounds would raise 10 billion pounds ($13.38bn) after administrative costs.\n\nThe report notes several drawbacks to an annual wealth tax, including the higher administrative costs associated with having to regularly assess individual wealth as well as the potential for people to find ways around it.\n\n“Evidence from countries where annual wealth taxes exist suggests around 7 to 17 percent of the initial tax base would be lost to avoidance at a tax rate of 1 percent,” according to the report.\n\nThe commission further advises that if the goal of an annual wealth tax is to raise more revenue from the well-off, then a new tax is not the way to go.\n\n“Existing wealth taxes could simply be adjusted, and this would bring in more revenue from people with wealth,” the report argued.\n\nHowever, if the goal of the annual wealth tax is to tackle persistent inequality by forcing the affluent to pay their fair share, then “a wealth tax with a high rate could achieve this,” the report stated, “but only if avoidance behaviours could be minimised.”\n\nSource: Al Jazeera\n\n\nMore from Economy\nMost Read", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5909916758537292}
+{"content": "Alpine Mobile Physicians\n\nHours of Operation:\n\n24 Hours a Day,\n7 Days a Week Emergency\nOn-Call Services\n\n Aspen, Avon, Beaver Creek, Breckenridge, Cordillera, Eagle, Edwards, Keystone, Minturn, Vail, and Surrounding Areas of Eagle, Pitkin, Summit Counties\n\nAlpine Mobile Physicians\n\nAltitude Treatment & Training Center\n\nAlpine Mobile Physicians’ Research Center exhibits a new state of the art altitude simulation chamber. This center has the capability of replicating conditions slightly above sea level and altitude elevations up to 18,000 feet. More common and less advanced technology is the hyperbaric chamber, which uncomfortably works by changing pressure conditions. The technology of forcing pressure changes has recently stirred criticism in the medical field of expertise. More beneficial is to simulate the oxygen conditions of different altitudes, which is what our altitude clean room achieves in a normal baric environment by increasing or decreasing the percentage of oxygen in the air and adjusting the climate conditions to very accurately simulate the environment that would be experienced at a desired altitude. Currently, these advanced altitude chambers are only available in a select few U.S. Military bases and prestigious research centers around the United States including Harvard, The Mayo Clinic, US Olympic Association, and Nike Sports Research. Alpine Mobile Physicians is the first medical practice to bring this advanced technology to this portion of the Colorado western slopes. This will greatly aid us in our ongoing treatment, training, and research efforts to assist our patients.\n\nHigh Elevations:\n\nResearch has proven, that training at high elevations provides a competitive advantage to athletes by allowing the physiology of the body to adjust to an environment with less than optimal oxygen requirements. These adverse environments can provide an opportunity for the body to adapt and adjust to conditions that will be more difficult than the competition environment required to perform in. Our altitude simulation chamber allows training at altitudes higher than any place in the contiguous United States. The chamber is also useful for individuals that will be traveling to higher altitudes for competition or recreation. It is an invaluable resource to be able to see how an individual will react to high altitude in a safe controlled environment.\n\nLow Elevations:\n\nAcute mountain illness, commonly referred to as “altitude sickness”, is very common around the Rocky Mountain regions at elevations of approximately 8,000 feet. If not treated it may develop into life threatening conditions called acute pulmonary edema and acute cerebral edema. The best medical course of action is not always immediate descent; but to receive proper diagnosis, treatment and to evaluate your response at this environment. However, our altitude simulation chamber can accurately simulate lower elevations than any point in Colorado and provide the safe medical environment needed for recovery. In addition, flu-like symptoms and acute mountain illness may have very similar symptoms, which is why taking an individual to lower elevations can provide a useful diagnosis of what may be the etiology of what component is actually producing the symptoms. Last, athletes that live in the Rocky Mountains that are headed to sea-level for competition are not able to physically exert their bodies as hard as they may need to when they go down to lower elevations, specifically when it comes to the large muscle groups and lactic acid thresholds. Training in the altitude simulation chamber will allow athletes to overcome this potential drawback of conditioning at higher altitudes.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9236665368080139}
+{"content": "Federal Skilled Trades\n\nFederal Skilled Trades\n\nFederal Skilled Trades\n\nFederal Skilled Trades program is one of the three federal programs of immigration developed to attract skillful tradespeople from abroad. This program is aimed at such specialists as electricians, plumbers, technicians, butchers, bakers, chefs and cooks. Federal Skilled Trades (FST) is also served by the online selection system Express Entry.\n\nHow to immigrate via Federal Skilled Trades program?\n\nImmigration under Federal Skilled Trades program is more complex compared to Canadian Experience Class and Federal Skilled Worker programs. Firstly, foreign specialists who work in trade occupations, usually have a lower level of education and proficiency in Canadian official languages.\n\nHence, they score lower points in the Express Entry and have lower chances to get an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for a permanent residency from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). Secondly, the eligibility criteria of Federal Skilled Trades are different from the Federal Skilled Workers.\n\nAre you a tradesperson who wish to immigrate to Canada? Best Quality Immigration can advise you if you meet all the criteria of this program\n\nWho is eligible for the Federal Skilled Trades program?\n\nTo be eligible for this program, a candidate must have work experience in his/her trade for at least 2 years (or the same amount of part-time work experience) in the last 5 years before applying for immigration. A tradesperson must also meet the language proficiency requirements set for this program. Finally, and the most important, to be eligible for the FST, you need to have a valid full-time job offer for a duration of at least 1 year in Canada or obtain a certificate of qualification (license for the right to work in your trade) in this occupation, issued by a Canadian provincial, territorial or federal authority.\n\nWho is eligible for the Federal Skilled Trades program\n\nWhat works are valid for the FST?\n\nMost occupations eligible for the Federal Skilled Trades program belong to the National Occupation Classification (NOC) Skill Level B. It is also important that your duties correspond with the list of duties according to the NOC description. In different countries, job requirements may be different from a Canadian job with the same title. Ideally, it is necessary that your functions at work and your NOC match up to 75%. It is also worth making sure that you get all the necessary education to match your NOC.\n\nIf you are not sure if your homeland occupation correlates with the Canadian occupation, it is better to get the advice from professionals. Best Quality Immigration will assist you in this matter!\n\nWhat is the language proficiency level required for FST\n\nWhat is the language proficiency level required for FST?\n\nYou must meet the minimum language proficiency requirement of the Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) 5 for speaking and listening, and CLB 4 for reading and writing. Those requirements are not that hard to achieve, so in this instance, the eligibility criteria for knowing English or French is easier to meet.\n\nContact Best Quality Immigration, a licensed immigration company, to get a professional consultation if you wish to immigrate to Canada as a Foreign Skilled Trade specialist.\n\nI would like to know more about this and keep in touch with you", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.99919193983078}
+{"content": "Nowe siedziby instytucji kultury w Polsce - perspektywa lokalnych ekosystemów kultury\n\nMarcin Poprawski\n\n\nNew seats of cultural institutions in Poland — the perspective of local cultural ecosystems  \n\nBuilding new locations for cultural activity involves a shift in the balance of power in the entire system of relations in the local communities of authors and organisers. This is a matter of budget and, very often, also of cultural policy priorities. Furthermore, it entails a significant change in the long-term funding of cultural initiatives and cultural entities in a given region. The phenomenon of the emergence of many new cultural facilities has inspired a few fundamental questions about their attitudes to selected values in the field of sustainable development goals, particularly in the social and economic dimensions, but ultimately also of the impact of new cultural locations on the natural environment. Are the new investments in culture opportunities, challenges, or perhaps threats resulting from the rescaled or disturbed balance in local cultural ecosystems? The theoretical perspective, which organises the debate on these areas, takes the cultural ecosystem as a key concept, using it as a basis for the description of phenomena in local urban communities. The observations presented are based on the qualitative and quantitative research conducted by eight cultural institutions in eight Polish cities. The results reveal the importance of between ten and twenty fundamental dimensions of the activity of cultural institutions and their local government organisers which allow them to put down their roots more deeply in the city’s cultural ecosystem. A new building opens up completely new possibilities, but it is extremely important to tailor the institution to the real, sagaciously assessed and well-balanced possibilities of the local ecosystem.\n\nSłowa kluczowe: local cultural ecosystems, cultural institutions, cultural infrastructure, sustainable development\n\n\nPierwotną wersją czasopisma jest wersja elektroniczna publikowana kwartalnie w internecie.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9769801497459412}
+{"content": "Mandy Qua\n\nClass of 2023\n\nDepartment of Sociology\n\n\nMandy Qua is a sophomore from Manila, Philippines planning to major in Sociology! Her dance background is mostly in ballet and contemporary. She isa major foodie and she loves juice, going on walks/hikes, cooking, plants, and fermenting things! She can’t wait to dance with eXpressions! <3⠀", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000096559524536}
+{"content": "How Can Funders Stop Making Assumptions And Accelerate Community-Led Change?\n\nIf funders want to meet communities’ unique needs, they must check assumptions and keep listening. Here’s how one corporate funder, Cognizant Foundation, is doing so with the goal of accelerating community-led change.\n\n\nAssumptions⁠—making decisions without proof—can be dangerous in philanthropy. When funders assume what communities need rather than continually listening, revising processes, and shifting support based on localized feedback, it reinforces a power dynamic that furthers inequity. To better respond to and meet the unique needs of partners, philanthropy must listen first and continually check assumptions.\n\nI am learning this firsthand at the Cognizant Foundation as we make investments in organizations working to ensure communities are prepared for the job of today and tomorrow. This is especially important when working within education and workforce ecosystems⁠—to further economic and social mobility, we must work alongside organizations and employers to better understand localized needs and industry demand.\n\nWhen COVID-19 began to spread in the US, many of our partners that were delivering in-person education and training opportunities within K-12, higher education, and workforce development were forced to transition their programs online overnight.\n\nAs we discussed what the foundation’s response should be, we initially assumed our partners would need to provide participants with hotspots, laptops, and monetary stipends to continue progressing in their education. However, after surveying our grantee partners, an even greater need emerged⁠—mentors, social capital, and community-building opportunities due to social isolation.\n\nHad we not surveyed and truly listened to the needs of our partners who know their populations best, we would not have been able to tailor our support and response effectively. As a result of listening and collecting data, 82% of our grantee partners took advantage of additional support and flexibility, which increased on-the-ground impact and allowed them to provide more meaningful connections for their participants.\n\nSo, how do we as funders stop making assumptions and accelerate community-led change?\n\n    1. Listen first.\n\n    Continue to listen throughout the duration of a partnership. Needs and data can shift quickly. I recently explored the topic of trust and listening in Philanthropy News Digest, sharing an example of good intentions gone wrong because of a lack of listening responsiveness.\n\n    2. Check yourself.\n\n    Constantly check your implicit biases to ensure you are not making assumptions based on stereotypes or preconceived notions. The 10 Essential Questions for Philanthropic Grantmaking, Policies, and Practices by Associated Black Charities are a helpful tool to check individual and institutional assumptions and rethink the ways we operate to ensure community feedback is centered across policies and processes.\n\n    3. Build trust through transparency.\n\n    If funders expect data and transparency from community partners, especially in times of change, we must lead by example. PEAK Grantmaking has developed a how-to guide for funders to build transparency into practices and policies to help narrow the power gap and forge true partnerships.\n\n    4. Create mechanisms for feedback.\n\n    Then act on that feedback. Continue to adapt strategy in real-time. As COVID-19 continues to have an inequitable impact on communities, this framework from Feedback Labs supports organizations in collecting feedback for short-term recovery and long-term resilience to help accelerate true community-led change.\n\nAs we continue to operate in a landscape shaped by COVID-19⁠—and an unequal recession and recovery⁠—we must not make assumptions. Instead, funders must build trust-based partnerships with grantees and center feedback to ensure community leaders are equipped to make the greatest impact in their communities.\n\nLearn how GlobalGiving can help your company accelerate community-led change with its grantmaking.\n\n\nThis article is part of a series about community-led philanthropy, co-hosted by Alliance Magazine.\n\nFeatured Photo: Rebuilding communities affected by 8.2 earthquake by Cooperación Comunitaria A.C.\n\nLooking for something specific?\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9909875392913818}
+{"content": "The Globally Competent Child - An Educator's role in Fostering Tomorrow's Global Steward by Eileen H\n\nCuriosity Cabinet ready to begin a new unit of study.\n\nIn Educating for Global Competence, Veronica Boix-Mansilla, and Anthony Jackson define global competence as “the capacity and disposition to understand and act on issues of global significance.” The Asia Society website goes on to explain: In this context, the word \"global\" refers not just to different places on the planet, but to the great variety of interconnected people, cultures, ideas, problems, and opportunities that constitute all human experience. The globally competent student learns how to synthesize information and ideas from many sources and perspectives, and makes well-informed decisions to act on what is learned. It is this constellation of knowledge, disposition, and action that characterizes Global Leadership.\n\nAt what age can a child begin to practice this awareness? At Lake and Park School, we focus on a child-centered approach, anchoring a child’s investigation of the world with interactive and concrete materials, while at the same time encouraging them to follow their curiosity.  Children naturally seek out fairness and justice within the classroom community, but we do not feel they should take on the problems of the adult world. Our concern is that the complex realities of a difficult world may upset the safe learning environment that is essential to maintaining a place where every child can thrive.  A sense of security comes from the physical environment and also from the social-emotional realm.  As we learn to practice empathy within our community, there are times when the need to act within the larger world comes to the surface.  Our work this spring raising funds to build a well at KM 48 Primary School in Paksong, Laos was one of these times. What made it irresistible was the certainty that the Lake and Park students would be instrumental in forming a solution to a problem that had become meaningful to them.\n\nThis spring several different opportunities came together to create a powerful learning experience for everyone in the Lake and Park Community.  What began as a study of immigration blossomed into an investigation of identity, refugees, and access to clean water - a basic human need. We connected with local resources; the World Affairs Council of Seattle and The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and Jhai Coffee House in Laos.  We had planned a study of Ireland and the history of Irish immigration to the United States the previous summer.  As usual, the responsiveness and collaboration of the teaching team, the involvement of our parent community, and an awareness of global issues came together to influence the evolution of this multilayered study.\n\nPrimary Class brainstorming about identity.\n\nEarly in the study, the focus was on identity. How do we define who we are?  Where did we come from? How did we get here? Family Trees were created in many different ways throughout the school.  Students used a variety of art materials; paints, crayons, collage and photos to compile personal family trees.  There was a lot of discussion about why people move from place to place.\n\nBoth positive reasons like opportunity and education or adventure and difficult reasons like war, hunger, and a search for\n\na safe place to raise a family arose and were considered. As we created a shared vocabulary to talk about our personal stories we also established a means to talk respectfully about another person’s situation with compassion.\n\nWe asked, what might we do to ease the transition for someone coming to Seattle today?\n\n\"Invite the person to play,\" answered Marjerie Lamarre after sharing her story of\n\nmoving from Haiti to New York as a young person..\n\nChildren in the Beginning Class share a potato snack while learning about Ireland.\n\nUsing the Irish immigration to the United States in the late 1800’s as a focus, many fiction, and non-fiction picture books were shared.  Chapter books about Ellis Island and immigration were read, and students wrote their fictional stories inspired by historical photographs.  A visit to the Wing Luke Museum of Asian American Identity leads to thinking about Seattle’s position on the world map and reasons it was a gateway for Asian immigration to the United States.\n\nRole playing life in the New York tenements at the Nordic Heritage Museum \n\nSketching in the market at the Wing Luke Museum\n\nOn the Seattle Monorail traveling to the Gates Foundation.\n\nAn invitation to visit the Gates Foundation came at the perfect time to further investigate people’s access to clean water. When basic human needs are not met, people have to leave their homes, often becoming refugees. The World Affairs Council Citizen Essay topic for 2016, asking students to think critically as global citizens by addressing one of the most critical issues of our time: the worldwide water crisis, directly related to our visit and the research students could do at the Gates Foundation.\n\nStudents took notes for their speeches while working at the Gates Foundation.\n\nFeeling the weight of a bucket of water brings deeper understanding.\n\nStudents in the upper grades all wrote speeches in response to the proposed topic,\"Worldwide water crises are among the most critical  concerns of this century. You have successfully applied for a large grant from the Gates Foundation to address a pressing global water issue. What is the main issue that you will address with the grant and why?\" . Their speeches were shared with the entire school creating a meaningful opportunity to practice public speaking skills. Everyone across the grades began to think about the importance of water.\n\nEach student researched and wrote a speech.\nSharing water crisis solutions with the whole school.\n\nCollages, poetry, and paintings were created expressing individual understanding about the necessity for clean water.  \n\nEarth Day collage created by a student in the Primary Class.\n\nIt was about this time that we learned about the philanthropic work Tyson Adams was doing in Laos through his business, Jhai Coffee House. He was using the profits from his coffee sales to build wells in schoolyards across Laos. Once a well is in place, Tyson goes to the school and teaches the children the importance of good sanitation to prevent illness. The students at Lake and Park already had learned that diarrhea and other diseases caused by unclean water were the major cause of illness and death for children under five around the world. If we could raise $2000, we could pay for a well. We could make a positive difference in the world.\n\nPosters were created to remind classmates about the Read-a-Thon.\n\nClasses began to learn about the country of Laos, through map exploration, websites, books, and video. Everyone became more curious about this faraway place we had never really thought about before.  We exchanged videos with Tyson; classes recorded questions they had and Tyson answered them on a video we shared at school.\n\nStudents keep track of books read for the read-a-thon.\n\nStudents used Nat Geo's Mapmaker Interactive to learn more about Laos.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9779220819473267}
+{"content": "15 Best Shows Like Overlord That You Should Watching Update 11/2021\n\nShows Like Overlord\n\nOne of the most well-known isekai series is ‘Overlord.’ As a bonus, it’s one of the best video game-themed anime ever made. It’s based on a virtual reality game called Yggdrasil, whose end is near and the servers will be shut down permanently. Despite being a seasoned player, Momonga decides to play until the game’s servers are shut down completely. However, he soon discovers that the game continues to run even after the clock strikes twelve, and that he is actually inside the game. He decides to take control of the world because he is extremely powerful and well-versed in its affairs.\n\nOne of the main reasons this series is so popular is because of the dark and ruthless protagonist Momonga, who is the ruler of the world of Yggdrasil. Anime fans, rejoice! We’ve compiled a list of our favorite shows that are similar to the one you’ve just finished watching. Here are some of our picks for other shows like ‘Overlord’ that we think you’ll enjoy. Several of these anime, such as Overlord, are available on Crunchyroll, Hulu, and Netflix, among other services.\n\nRead more: 15 Best Shows Like Overlord That You Should Watching Update 11/2021\n\n15. Death March to the Parallel World Rhapsody (2018)\n\nDeath March to the Parallel World Rhapsody might be worth checking out if you’re a fan of the harem theme in your anime games. Despite the fact that this anime falls short of the quality of ‘Overlord,’ it is still a good time killer. Ichirou Suzuki, the main character, is the show’s protagonist. Among his duties as a programmer is testing and debugging video games. He appears to be overburdened with work, and as a result, he runs out of steam by the end of the day. Fortunately, he has the opportunity to doze off. In the morning, however, he finds himself in a strange world that is a mix of all the games he’s been playing lately. He has a youthful appearance, and his real name is Sato, which he goes by when he beta tests games. He defeats a lizard army and gains a level boost of 310 in the process. Now that he’s defeated, he makes the decision to go exploring in this fantastical world.\n\n14. Seiken no Blacksmith (2009)\n\nSeiken no Blacksmith (2009)\n\nThere are many games on this list that are similar to “Overlord,” but “Seiken no Blacksmith” is included because of its setting and genre. The anime isn’t as good, but it’s still worth watching if you enjoy watching sci-fi movies like ‘Overlord’. Skip this one if you’re looking for something more somber and thought-provoking. It is against the rules to make use of thedevil’s abilities. After a terrible war broke out, the devil’s wrath was unleashed. Cecily Campbell is a member of the Order of the Knights Templar. Her grandfather left her a broken sword, which she’s been trying to fix ever since. She’s on the lookout for a blacksmith when she comes across a sword fight between a stranger and a hoodlum. When the thug tried to use the devil’s power, he was met with resistance from the man. He turns out to be Luke, a blacksmith. The duo’s journey will get underway soon.\n\n13. .hack//Sign (2002)\n\nWavemaster Tsukasa goes by the alias Tsukasa. To make things more interesting, one day he awakens to find himself in The World, an MMORPG. He appears to be suffering from some form of amnesia, as he has no recollection of what happened before he awoke here. He’s also unable to log off of the game, which is annoying. Tsukasa avoids the Crimson Knights like the plague because they believe he is a hacker. On his journey through the world, he discovers a magical object that transforms him into the ‘Guardian”. In addition, the Guardian shields him from all harm. On the way back home, he runs into Subaru, the Crimson Knights’ leader. They decide to assist him in locating the source of his inability to log out before it’s too late.\n\n12. Youjo Senki (2017)\n\nYoujo Senki (2017)\n\nRead more: 14 Best Anime Girl Beats Up Bullies That You Should Watching Update 11/2021\n\nIt’s easy for a creator working in the isekai subgenre to produce something stereotypical and uninspired. Seeing that the creators are making an effort to keep things interesting is heart warming. There are a total of 12 episodes in ‘Youjo Senki,’ with each episode lasting 24 minutes. Watching this anime is a lot of fun. Being X, a self-declared god, is challenged to a duel by a man. Because of this he is reincarnated as a female in a magical warring world. Tanya Degurechaff, a girl known for her ruthlessness and tactical prowess, goes by the moniker “Devil of the Rhine” in this guise. Tanya’s country is on the verge of entering a World War, so she plans to move quickly up the military ladder. Being X must be defeated if she is to get back to the peaceful time she used to inhabit.\n\n11. Fractale (2011)\n\nFractale’s premise is intriguing, but the game’s execution can be shaky. Fractale, on the other hand, might be a good choice if you only have a short amount of time to spare. There are a total of 11 episodes in the series, each clocking in at 23 minutes. The world of this anime is based on Ireland. There is a satellite-based virtual-reality and content delivery system called the ‘Fractale System,’ which governs the world. Clairvoyant Clain comes across an injured Phyrne who appears to be fleeing. He lends a hand, but she vanishes at night, leaving only a pendant behind. Clain manages to activate it in some way, and it transforms into a young woman. As a result, the two of them embark on an epic quest to find Phyrne and unravel the mysteries of the Fractale System.\n\n10. Gate: Jieitai Kanochi nite, Kaku Tatakaeri (2015)\n\nGate Jieitai Kanochi nite, Kaku Tatakaeri (2015)\n\nIn the JSDF, Youji Itami holds the rank of officer. He’s also a huge anime fan. One day while traveling to Tokyo for a doujin convention, an unexpected portal appeared in the form of a gate. Supernatural creatures and medieval-style warriors in armor emerge from the gate. This group goes on a killing spree, decimating everything in their path. Youji makes every effort to help as many people as possible. Fast The JSDF has formed a special recon team under the leadership of Youji three months after the attack took place. Their goal is to cross over to the other side of the mountain and make friends with the locals. This is their mission. If the mission fails, it will lead to war.\n\n9. Dungeon ni Deai wo Motomeru no wa Machigatteiru Darou ka? (2015)\n\nThis Isekai anime features attractive female characters and is worth watching if you’re a fan of Isekai manga and anime. By no means imply that the story and its characters aren’t good enough to keep you interested all the way through. This is another short Isekai anime, with only 13 episodes totaling a total of 24 minutes in length. There are no barriers between humans and Gods in the world of this anime. After meeting the goddess Hestia, Bell Cranel, who has always wished to be the greatest explorer, may finally be able to realize his ambition. Together, they will brave the city’s dreaded ‘Dungeon’ catacombs.\n\n8. Btooom! (2012)\n\nBtooom! (2012)\n\nIn an online video game called ‘Btooom!,’ Ryouta Sakamoto is the best player. Since he is unemployed and is living with his mother, this is his sole accomplishment. A real-life version of the game he loves to play appears to him one day, but there is one difference. There’s a real risk of death in this environment. To get their hands on the green crystal, participants must kill each other in a survival game. The survivor will be given the opportunity to continue living. Despite his initial reluctance, Ryouta decides to use violence against the hostile players he meets.\n\n7. Death Parade (2015)\n\n\nThought games like air hockey, darts, and bowling were a waste of time and energy? Now is the time to reconsider your decision, because in this anime, video games like those will determine your eternal fate. In the world of ‘Death Parade,’ you have arrived at the afterlife, where only a bar stands between you and oblivion or reincarnation. Decim, the afterlife’s arbiter, is the bar’s host. He matches up every pair of deceased people in a game. Those who succeed will have their souls reborn in a never-ending cycle, while those who fail will perish in nothingness. He will be forced to reconsider his methods of ruling the afterlife when a new character enters the picture.\n\n6. Sword Art Online (2012)\n\nSword Art Online (2012)\n\nPopular online role-playing game Sword Art Online has a large fan base. NerveGear, the latest gaming technology, allows players to control their characters solely through mental commands. Upon logging into the game, everyone is ecstatic, but they soon discover that the creator had intended to keep them locked in until they completed all 100 levels. Unfortunately for him, Kazuto Kirigaya is a member of the unfortunate team. To beat the game and get out of its grasp, he’ll have to work together with the other players. But there’s a snag. In the game, failure means failure in real life.\n\n5. One Punch Man (2015)\n\nAt first glance, the inclusion of ‘One Punch Man’ on this list may be puzzling. Even by isekai anime standards, this is a travesty. But allow me to explain. Aren’t Saitama and Momonga from ‘One Punch Man’ and ‘Overlord,’ respectively, in a similar situation. Both of them are supremely gifted in terms of abilities and skills. If you haven’t watched ‘One Punch Man,’ you should do so immediately. It’s fantastic. For fans of the superhero genre who want to see a hilarious spoof of the genre, this is the show for you. The anime takes place in a world where the Hero Organization works to keep the peace and safeguard the lives of the general public. Saitama is one of these unsung heroes. Despite his lowly status, he is a formidable opponent who can be dispatched with a single blow. Imagine his disappointment at not being provided with a foe powerful enough to compete with him for a few rounds.\n\n4. Log Horizon (2013)\n\nFor those looking for something similar to ‘Overlord,’ try ‘Log Horizon,’ which has a similar approach to the isekai genre but is set in the real world rather than a virtual one. Another great game anime to add to your collection. Elder Tale is a well-known massively multiplayer online role-playing game. After an update, around 35,000 players are unable to log out of the game world and are stuck in it. Shiroe is one of the individuals on this list. Despite his social awkwardness in real life, he’s a seasoned pro at this game with a wealth of knowledge under his belt. With his expertise, he’ll be able to bring order back to the game world and help other players find a way out.\n\n3. Quanzhi Gaoshou (2017)\n\nQuanzhi Gaoshou (2017)\n\nIf you’ve been looking for a Chinese isekai anime similar to ‘Overlord,’ look no further than ‘Quanzhi Gaoshou.’ As far as Chinese anime goes, this is a standout. Glory is a well-known online multiplayer game in which Ye Xiu excels. Because of his abilities and contributions, he has been dubbed the “Battle God” by the community. However, he is then compelled to leave his team and find work at an online cafe. Once again, Ye Xiu decides to join the game when Glory launches its tenth server. Due to his abilities, he quickly becomes well-known. In fact, the game has evolved so much that he no longer has a sponsor or team. Will he ever be able to make it back to the top?\n\n2. Tensei shitara Slime Datta Ken (2018)\n\nOne of the best isekai anime to air in the fall of last year was ‘Tensei shitara Slime Datta Ken.’ Although the anime series is no longer airing, it has amassed a devoted following. This anime will have a total of 24 episodes, each clocking in at 23 minutes. The show has a good production value. In addition to being entertaining, it also keeps you interested enough to make you eagerly anticipate the next episode. Because I enjoy binge-watching anime, I stopped watching after six or seven episodes. Right now, I’m just looking forward to the show’s conclusion, which is expected in February. Satoru Mikami is a human being of 37 years old. But he’s killed by a robbery gone wrong. Can death, on the other hand, be enjoyable? He appears to have been reborn as a fantasy world slime monster named Rimuru Tempest. He appears to be endowed with unique abilities that make him a formidable opponent. He’s about to embark on his first quest in this fantastical world.\n\n1. No Game No Life (2014)\n\nThe plot of this anime centers on two gamers, Sora and Shiro, who are the best of their generation. However, they had no idea that their high level of gaming skill would be useful to anyone. After a while, they get an email from someone challenging them to a chess game. A new world called Disboard appears soon after, where the answer to every problem is a game. In a game, the opposing sides are pitted against one another, and the winner is determined by the outcome. God of games Tet reigns supreme in this world. Sora and Shiro decide to take on Tet in a showdown to see who will become the new world’s Gods.\n\nRead more: 15 Best Anime Girl Angry Yelling That You Should Watching Update 11/2021", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7085945010185242}
+{"content": "VAT in the GCC - How should companies prepare?\n\n28/07/2016 | by Marmore MENA\n\nThe approval of the introduction of the VAT by the GCC has meant that business enterprises in the region have to prepare for the first phase of the implementation, which is expected by January 1, 2018. Finance ministers from the GCC formally agreed on June 16 (2016) to introduce tax across the bloc from 2018 (Zawya). The complete details of the process are not yet public, and it is not fully clear whether all the nations will introduce the tax on January 2018.\n\nPreliminary details reveal that the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Qatar will be the first states in the GCC to adopt the new tax regime in January 2018. But, all members of the GCC are anticipated to implement VAT by the close of 2018. It is notable that certain essential food items and socially-oriented sectors such as healthcare and education will be exempt from the VAT regime.\n\nThe approval of the GCC VAT means that the countries and the business enterprises operating in them will face a tight timeline of 18 months to prepare for the opening phase of VAT implementation by January 1, 2018. It is expected that the rate will be low, likely around the 5% mark (Ministry of Finance of the UAE). As a general consumption tax, VAT will apply to the majority of commercial transactions in goods and services.\n\nWhen VAT goes into effect, it will mean that businesses will be responsible for diligently documenting their business revenue and costs and related VAT charges. Registered businesses and traders will apply VAT to all of their clients or customers at the prevailing rate and incur VAT on goods / services that they purchase from suppliers. There are indications that the GCC is taking the implementation of the VAT very diligently, since it will help in diversifying the income bases of the various countries. According to the UAE Ministry of Finance, rules that mandate businesses to be clear about how much VAT is being paid for each transaction will be included. This means that businesses will possess the required information to decide whether to purchase something or not.\n\nGiven the momentous development, business owners in the GCC will have to prepare at multiple levels. It should be noted that not all businesses will have to register for VAT. Businesses that meet a certain minimum annual turnover specification will have to register for VAT. This means that many small businesses will not have to register for VAT. Thus, small businesses will not have to face the rigorous documentation and reporting that a tax regime like VAT needs. Moreover, businesses will not have to register with the government if they only offer goods and services that are not subject to VAT.\n\nVarious GCC governments have not finalized and announced the specific conditions (such as minimum yearly turnover) that will aid in identifying businesses that do not have to register for VAT. For companies that will come under the VAT regime, the following responsibilities or actions will generally apply:\n\n  • Charging VAT on taxable goods or services they sell;\n  • Reclaiming, if eligible, any VAT they’ve paid on their goods or services sold;\n  • Documenting and maintaining an array of business records that will allow responsible government agencies to verify the data and information with respect to the processes.\n\nPreparing for VAT for businesses is a complex activity and should be addressed as early as possible in order to avoid last minute hassles. From the time of the official announcement of the VAT, businesses have 18 months of preparation time before the regime will come into effect. During the 18 months, businesses will have to address requirements to meet their tax obligations. To fully and successfully comply with VAT, businesses will have to make changes to their core operations (like supply chains), the financial management and book-keeping systems, the underlying technology for documenting and processing data and information, and may be even the human resource mix (e.g., bringing in more accountants and tax advisors).\n\nSince the final responsibility and total accountability to comply with VAT is on the registered business, it is essential that enterprise financial records are accurate and fully updated. It may be prudent for businesses that are not VAT registered to maintain detailed financial records in any event, so that they can comply with the VAT regime if any change in policy suddenly brings them into the VAT bracket. Once the VAT is in place, VAT-registered business have to report the amount of VAT that they charge and the amount of VAT they pay to the government on a periodic basis.\n\nThe reporting or submissions will be a formal process; and probably, the submissions are likely to be made online (i.e., e-capable) in the case of many GCC countries. If a business is charged more VAT than they have paid, the difference will then have to be paid to the government. Conversely, if a business has paid more VAT than it has been charged, then the difference can be reclaimed. Thus, in light of the complexity and the detailed processes underpinning VAT, businesses will need to take the following steps to prepare to meet their VAT commitments (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited).\n\n  • Studying and understanding VAT registration requirements and the process of making an application for a VAT registration number.\n  • Ensuring that the pertinent books and records are maintained in the mandated manner.\n  • If needed, negotiating and revising terms of business with customers for ensuring that VAT becomes a cost to purchasers; and not to suppliers.\n  • Organize enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems for ensuring their operational preparedness to meet the charging and recovery processes of VAT.\n  • Preparing the capability for manual VAT accounting processes, if no centralized ERP system is in place or cannot be afforded.\n  • Structuring invoicing templates afresh to ensure that new fields needed for VAT accounting are included.\n  • Due diligence of the entire finance and accounting function in order to maintain keener oversight of company cash-flows, particularly in relation with intercompany transactions.\n  • Taking stock of whether skill sets needed in terms of tax expertise need to be brought in or contracted.\n\nFor businesses in the GCC, VAT will necessitate a range of continuous activities. Unlike the case of corporate income tax, wherein returns are filed on an annual basis, VAT mandates monthly or quarterly filing of returns and payments. Thus, GCC companies will have to prepare themselves across various areas in order to meet VAT requirements in a stress-free manner.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.742877721786499}
+{"content": "\n\n\nCopyright Law\n\n\n\nFirst, to use any song for almost any reason, some permission, or license, is required. Using copyrighted material without permission could constitute infringement. What type of license is required depends on the ultimate use of the song. For recorded music, a license from the owner of the recording is needed. This could be the record label or a publisher. However, much music is covered by blanket licenses with entities like the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) or Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI). Then, once a license is secured, the politician will have to look to see if there are any limits, exclusions or prohibitions against use of the licensed song for political purposes.\n\nIf the terms do not prohibit use in political ads or at rallies, then can a politician use the music?\n\nWhile the copyright license may not prevent use, there are other rights at stake. For example, an artist has a Right to Publicity, which allows him/her to control use of their image. If an artist does not want to be affiliated with a politician, the artist could claim a violation of this right. Also, artists, especially bands, may have trademark rights in their names. For instance, U2 is a registered trademark. The owner of a registered trademark can prevent others from using their trademark to imply endorsement or affiliation. So, if a band disagrees with someone’s politics, they could claim use of their song creates a false endorsement. With these rights, as well those provided by copyright, an artist has several ways to prevent political use.\n\nWhile Copyright Law, Right of Publicity and Trademark law are relevant, there is also the Court of Public Opinion and candidates do not like the bad press that comes with using a song without authorization or backlash that could come from attacking an artist. Given this, when there are disputes, they usually resolve quickly.\n\nThose needing copyright assistance may contact me at mark.nieds@henlaw.com or by phone at 239-344-1153.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999018669128418}
+{"content": "Schlagwort-Archive: HLA\n\nWhat people search for\n\n“Dissecting the complex genetic basis of mate choice” is the lengthy title of a lengthy text that tells us\n\nmales produce complex signals and displays that can consist of a combination of acoustic, visual, chemical and behavioural phenotypes…\n\nThe authors come from a school of integrative biology. I wonder why they have missed the excellent work in humans on HLA, fertility and mate choice.\nHaving said that, I would even suggest a radical different approach by looking at “What people search for” – hopefully I get now also hits on my blog for Paris Hilton, Renee Zellweger, Britney Spears, Heidi Klum, Pamela Anderson, Jessica Simpson and Jennifer Lopez ;-) Dissecting the complex genetic basis of mate choice shouldn´t be as complicated as you may imagine from this nature reviews genetics paper, yea, yea.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nwhich still does not answer my question.\n\nVitamin D actions\n\nYea, yea.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8827818632125854}
+{"content": "History Podcasts\n\nThe Ruins at Mitla\n\nThe Ruins at Mitla\n\n\nMitla is a short distance from the home of Porfirio Gutierrez & family in Teotitlán del Valle, Oaxaca, Mexico. The ruins at Mitla give a glimpse of the former glory of the Zapotec civilization and how it lives to inspire the weavers of today.\n\nWhere is it?\n\nLocated just 46km from Oaxaca city, Mitla is definitely worth seeing! There is a bus connection from Oaxaca City to Mitla departing every half hour. The round-trip ticket costs just few dollars. The journey to Mitla is a swifty 50 minutes trip and from the bus stop in the two the ruins are a 10 minute walk away. The opening hours are 9am -5pm on from Tuesday to Sunday. Sundays are free, and entering any other day will cost you a few dollars. For a little bit more, you can opt for a guided tour.\n\nUncharted Ruins\n\n\n[1] C. Lewis-Spence, The Myths of Mexico and Peru, 1913, Chapter IV: The Maya Race and Mythology. On-line resource: http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/mmp/mmp07.htm\n[4] Mitla, encyclopedia entry – From Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitla\n\n\nAgain a great post. Perfect mixture of facts with awe!\nThanks a lot!\nEver thought making a book out of it?\n\n\n\n16 And I, Nephi, did build a temple and I did construct it after the manner of the temple of Solomon save it were not built of so many precious things for they were not to be found upon the land, wherefore, it could not be built like unto Solomon’s temple. But the manner of the construction was like unto the temple of Solomon and the workmanship thereof was exceedingly fine.\"\n\nFeb 8 Monte Alban and Mitla Ancient ruins in Oaxaca valley\n\nFor one month we stayed in Oaxaca de Juarez. Our house is on a hill directly opposite Monte Alban, the large mountain that looms above Oaxaca city. Thinking like an ancient civilization, you can see why this would be a good place to settle, it can be easily defendable, it would be hard for your enemies to sneak up on you, and, if you are a very religious Zapotec (the indigenous people living in Oaxaca valley), mountains are interconnected with many myths and traditions. Monte Alban (in Spanish meaning ‘white mountain’ and in Zapotec, Danipaguache, meaning ‘Sacred mountain’) was settled during the 6th century B.C. Slowly growing larger and larger, until it became the largest pre-Colombian metropolis in Oaxaca valley. Monte Alban has even been considered the oldest metropolis in the Americas. We just had to check it out.\n\nBecause of covid restrictions, only 400 people a day were allowed inside. This being said, the best time to go is in the morning, so you have a pretty good chance of getting in. The park itself opens at 10:00, but when we arrived at 9:00, there was already a fairly large line. There is plenty of parking. The entrance fee is small, 3 to 4 dollars per adult, and kids 13 & under are free. Two websites to visit are the INAH Site (Spanish only) UNESCO World Heritage site on Monte Alban. You can learn more about the history, and find out the latest information about visiting.\n\nThe side buildings at Monte Albán\n\nOnce you pay for entry and get through security, there are indicated paths, but you can do some exploring on your own. There are signs all over, all in Spanish, English, and Zapotec (the language spoken by the prehispanic people in the region).\n\nYou start out walking up a hill, the steps were made nearly two thousand years ago. At the top, you find many stone buildings. These structures were made to have a wooden building stand on top. Most of these buildings were not residential, instead temples for their various gods. After walking past the first buildings, it opens up to a huge open area. More stone structures line the sides. It is incredible!\n\nIn the middle of the main field (surrounded by temples and structures) are two buildings. The second of the two is facing 90 degrees from all the other buildings. This is the observatory, where the priests (they were the well educated/knowledgeable people) would look up at the stars. The observatory faces precisely north. At the very end, you find a temple so tall, that at first, you think it’s a hill. Large stairs lead up to the top. This is the main structure, and it is magnificent. Walking around and reading the signs can last you a few hours on top of the mountain.\n\nNow for a bit of history, as I mentioned above, it was first founded in the sixth century, B.C. by the Zapotec people. Monte Alban was inhabited until about 850 A.D (50 years shy of the end of the Mayan classical period). After this, the area was gradually abandoned. The people at Monte Alban interacted with other peoples as far away as the Teoticuacans. The site had more than 17,500 people in its heyday. Being a history nerd, I loved it. The views were also impressive and worth the visit.\n\nThe largest temple at Monte Albán (for scale you can see the person on top)\n\nAbout two weeks after visiting Monte Alban, we took an hour's drive to Mitla, other ruins in the Oaxaca valley. Mitla is known for its geometric patterns on the walls of the ruins. A fun fact is that Mitla is one of the oldest continually inhabited cities in the Americas. Due to Covid, just like at Monte Alban, Mitla has a restriction on the number of visitors per day. Because Mitla’s archeological site is smaller, only half as many people can visit it (200 people a day).\n\nStationed around the site are many hand sanitizers and everyone wears masks. You can immediately see the patterns cut out into the surrounding walls. There are waves, spirals, and diagonals. This site doesn’t have as many informative signs, and to really understand you would probably have to get a guide. Some of the tombs that you could previously enter and explore, are now closed due to covid.\n\nWe walked around and saw it all in about 30 minutes. Around the town of Mitla, there are a few more sites, some made out of adobe (sun-baked bricks) and others similar to the insides of the one the site. The only ones that have the patterns are inside the site itself. We spent around 3 hours in the city of Mitla (this included a stop for lunch at the local market!)\n\nVisiting and exploring these sites was awesome, and I learned quite a bit about the prehispanic cultures in Oaxaca valley. If you come to Oaxaca, you should definitely check them out. The little money you do have to pay is well worth it, but don’t take my word for it, visit them yourselves!\n\nSanctuary of Mitla\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRuins of Mitla, Mexico\n\n\n\nEarly History\n\nDid you know? The Zapoteca were skilled in astronomy and excavation, and leveled the top of a local mountain around 450 B.C. and created the ceremonial center now called Monte Albán. One of the most densely populated cities in Mesoamerica, Monte Albán is estimated to have had 18,000 Zapotecan residents at its peak.\n\n\n\n\n\nMiddle History\n\n\n\n\nRecent History\n\n\n\nMonte Alban is a large pre-Columbian archaeological site located in the southern Mexican state of Oaxaca. Arguably the most majestic of Oaxaca’s ancient ruins, Monte Alban, meaning “White Mountain,” is an ancient Zapotec capital with a spectacular mountain top location overlooking the valleys of Oaxaca.\n\nBeing one of the most culturally and historically significant places to visit in Mexico, the site received UNESCO World Heritage Site recognition in 1987.\n\nThe pyramids, temples, plazas, and other residential structures all center on the Great Plaza, which offers excellent 360-degree views of the city and valleys below. Across the way, the north platform, home to the largest complex of structures at Monte Alban, rivals the Great Plaza in size and offers the best views of the surrounding area.\n\nAlong the eastern side you’ll find altars and a ball court. While towards the west, ceremonial platforms line the border, including the earliest known structure at Monte Alban that houses the site’s most important discovery, a series of rock carvings known as Los Danzantes.\n\nAt the far north end, near the entrance, is an area with tombs, some of which have been excavated revealing a variety of paintings and stone carvings. There are 170 known tombs in Monte Alban and a collection of artifacts discovered in them is on display in the Regional Museum of Oaxaca in nearby Oaxaca City.\n\nClose to the nearby ruins of Mitla, Monte Alban is an authentic look into the lost world of Mayan civilization and, at times, a haunting representation of Mexican history and its former ancient glory.\n\nDainzú is another Oaxacan archeological site that has been built into the hills around it. It was inhabited at the same time as Monte Alban but is believed to be older. There are a series of stone reliefs on one building that depict ancient ball players and other structures that include residences, religious centers and a ball court. It’s believed to have had residents from 750BC to 1200AD.\n\nThe Ruins at Mitla - History\n\nZapotec seated figure B.C. 300 - 200 Monte Albain\n\nThe Zapotecs dominated the area around Oaxaca with their city of Monte Alban for centuries. Monte Alban was one of the more ancient Classic period city states, with sites there as old as 600 B.C..After 650 A.D. Monte Alban was one of the most powerful cities in Mexico . Around the 800s, the city began to lose its power and by 900 A.D. the city was abandoned . However, the Zapotec culture still remained vigorous and other cities, such as their capital at Zaachila remained .The Zapotec city of Mitla are masterpieces of Classical architecture with dazzling geometric patterns .\n\n\nThe Zapotecs developed a calendar and a logosyllabic system of writing that used a separate glyph to represent each of the syllables of the language. This writing system is one of several candidates thought to have been the first writings system of Mesoamerica and the predecessor of the writing systems developed by the Maya, Mixtec, and Aztec civilizations.\n\nThe history of the rich and complex societies that arose and\n\nflourished in the southern Mexican state of Oaxaca.\n\nVideo of ruins at Monte Alban\n\nZapotec funerary urn 300-800 AD, Monte Albain. the Zapotecs built monumental tombs in which they placed urns with offerings, often with the face of the deceased upon them .The headdress is a mask of the eagle and jaguar .\n\nAt the present time, there is some debate as to whether or not Olmec symbols, dated to 650 BC, are actually a form of writing preceding the oldest Zapotec writing dated to about 500 BC.The Zapotecs tell that their ancestors emerged from the earth, from caves, or that they turned from trees or jaguars into people, while the elite that governed them believed that they descended from supernatural beings that lived among the clouds, and that upon death they would return to such status. In fact, the name by which Zapotecs are known today resulted from this belief. In Central Valley Zapotec \"The Cloud People' is \"Be'ena' Za'a.\"\n\nTerracotta jaguar 300-800 AD, Monte Alban.The Zapotecs were heavily influenced by the Olmecs, who also worshipped the jaguar. The collar around the neck shows that they were worshipped alive and in captivity\n\n\nThe interpretation of the symbols and patterns woven in Zapotec rugs\n\na Mixtec breast ornament, made with the lost wax method\n\n\nA Mixtec turquoise tile serpent, laid over wood\n\n\nThe Codex Vindobonensis Mexicanus an ritual-calendrical and genealogical document contains lists of Mixtecian rulers and priests. It is not certain where the codex was discovered. Probably it was discovered in Veracruz and sent to Sevilla, together with the other manuscript Codex Zouche-Nuttall, as a gift for Charles V in 1518. See a larger image here .\n\nAfter the Spanish conquest,Mixtec Indians were important for cochineal production. Cochineal is an insect that yields a red dye, used by the British for their uniforms.\n\nMitla – The Zapotec “Place of the Dead”\n\nMitla is an archaeological site associated with the Zapotec culture, located in the Oaxaca Valley in the present-day state of Oaxaca in southern Mexico.\n\nThe Zapotec was an indigenous pre-Columbian civilisation emerging in the late 6th century BC, that originated in the Central Valleys of the Etla in the west, Ocotlán in the south and Mitla in the east. The Zapotec civilisation was centred on Oaxaca, San José Mogote, and Mitla, with the site of Monte Albán emerging as the civic-ceremonial centre.\n\nAt its peak, the Zapotec had a population of more than 500,000 inhabitants, having developed sophisticated construction techniques, a writing system, two calendar systems, and complex agricultural cultivation.\n\nSeveral conflicts between the Zapotecs and Aztecs led to the Zapotecs avoiding conflict with the Conquistadors (also in part to avoid the same fate of the Aztec centre of Tenochtitlan) however, they were defeated by the Spaniards after several campaigns between AD 1522 and 1527.\n\nMitla was first inhabited by the Zapotec during the Classic Period (AD 100-650), having first developed from a fortified village. The village expanded into a large religious centre that demonstrates a mix of Zapotec and Mixtec architectural styles, featuring intricate mosaic fretwork and geometric designs.\n\nThe Zapotec believed that Mitla served as a gateway between the world of the living and the world of the dead for the burial of Zapotec elite, with the Nahuatl name Mictlán, meaning the “place of the dead” or “underworld.”\n\nThe site consists of five main groups of structures built on the valley floor—Grupo de las Columnas (Columns Group), Grupo de las Iglesias (Churches Group), Grupo del Arroyo (Arroyo Group), Grupo de los Adobes (Adobe Group), and Grupo del Sur (Southern Group).\n\nThe Southern Group and the Adobe Group have been classified as ceremonial centres, featuring central plazas surrounded by mound structures. The Columns and Church groups (as well as the Southern Group) have been classified as palaces, with rooms surrounding square courtyards, with the Church Group containing the main Zapotec temple, called the yohopàe, which translates to “house of the vital force.”\n\nZaachila Ruins\n\nView all photos\n\nThe Zapotecs and Mixtecs are the most numerous indigenous groups in Oaxaca, and theirs were also the largest settlements in the area before the Spanish conquest. Like the best of neighbors, their relations were at times strained, amicable, and often a bit of both. As Zaachila was considered the capital of the Zapotecs during the Classical period in the 13th century, the city shows perhaps a stronger mix of these two cultures.\n\nCosijoeza (also known as Cocijoeza or Cosiioeza), the penultimate Zapotec ruler before arrival of the Spanish, lived in Zaachila when the Zapotec empire was attacked by the Aztecs, lead by Ahuitzotl. With help from the Mixtec lead by Dzahuindanda, Zaachila was able to repel the Aztec offensive.\n\nA second attack in the late 15th century was more successful. A truce was only achieved once Cocijoeza agreed to marry Ahuitzotl’s daughter, known as Xilabela in Zapotec and Coyolicatzin in Náhuatl. Cocijoeza and Xilabela were the parents of Princess Donají and Cocijopii, the last Zapotec ruler. With this, the importance of the Zaachila lineage to Oaxacan history cannot be overstated.\n\nFollowing Cocijopii’s contact with the Spanish and eventual baptism and conversion into Catholicism in the 16h century, Zaachila was slowly abandoned by the Zapotecs and became buried and overgrown. Archeological works on this site were lead in 1962 by Roberto Gallego Ruiz. The majority of the structures explored were tombs. While many of the artifacts found within were moved to museums in Mexico City, Oaxaca, and abroad, the halls of the tombs are now open for exploration in Zaachila itself.\n\nThey are notable for the many figures on their walls. Some feature the geometric patterns typical of Mixtec-Zapotec sites like Mitla. Another shows an owl, considered the emblem of Zaachila. Perhaps the best-known however, is that of a Zapotec ruler in a flight-like position.\n\nList of site sources >>>\n\nWatch the video: Mitla (November 2021).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7686190009117126}
+{"content": "澳门巴黎人是正规平台吗：Quzhou celebrates cultural festival of She ethnic group\n\n时间：2019-04-16 08:49:22 | 来源：中国网衢州\n\n\n\nOn April 7, the 10th cultural festival of the She ethnic group opened in Jucun township, Quzhou city, Zhejiang province.\n\nThe traditional She festival takes place on the third day of the third month of the Chinese lunar calendar. On this day, She people sing and dance, offer sacrifices to ancestors, worship the god of grain, and cook food to treat guests, in order to express their longing and love for a happy life.\n\nSince last year, Jucun’s local government stepped up efforts to explore the She culture. The township now aims to develop its industries and tourism by embracing more market players.\n\nXikeng village, one of the three villages of ethnic groups in the township, became a 3A-level scenic village last year. This year, it plans to further explore the cultural festival and showcase the She culture.\n\n1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  >  \n\n大奖网站最高返水 金祥彩票极速3D 菲彩国际娱乐城 牛牛网址网址 永利皇宫新会员注册\n美高梅现金 新葡京真人视讯 威尼斯人真人庄和闲 九五至尊app网址 凯发国际平台网\n优发娱乐送体验金 凯发网上最高返水 蓝博娱乐得意彩金 真钱九五之尊APP下载 齐发手机版入口\n皇冠赌场开户 9亿代理 申博在线赌场 www.55sun.com 申博太阳城注册", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5841275453567505}
+{"content": "Challenges of the Agriculture Economy in The India\n\n\n  • Ahmadi Begum\n\n\nIn India, agriculture has changed dramatically in the last two decades. Globalization and liberalization policies has also opened new opportunities for agricultural production. Agriculture received special attention from Indian government and development planners due to its significance in national Gross Domestic Production (GDP) and jobs, allowing this sector to production a significant role in country's financial growth and in increasing the income as well as living morals of the massive populace based on agriculture. Several problems have emerged in Indian agriculture over the last 15 years, and they are becoming progressively serious with the passage of time. The rate of the growth of the country also depends upon the agriculture as the Indian economy is agrarian economy. If the number of the people depend on agriculture increases that will decrease the per capita income as the resources are limited. This is thought to be a major cause of widespread rural distress and a large proportion of farmer suicides in different parts of the country. There are some serious challenges that need to be address within a predefined time frame in order to solve the problems before it gets too late for everybody.\n\n\n\n\nHow to Cite\n\nAhmadi Begum. (2021). Challenges of the Agriculture Economy in The India. International Journal of Modern Agriculture, 10(2), 3004 - 3011. Retrieved from", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9488808512687683}
+{"content": "The process is relatively straightforward.\n\nJust put a little bit of oil on the brush and work the brush down.\n\nThen you’ll need to gently brush off the excess oil.\n\nOnce you’re done, use a damp cloth or towel to wipe the oil off the paint.\n\nThe result should look like this:  You’ll want to wipe off as much of the oil as possible to help the oil absorb the paint and not clog the pores.\n\nHow to remove paint from oil paintingsOil paintings are often painted with oil or paint removers to remove dirt and other impurities.\n\nPaint can also be removed by using an airbrush or an electric cleaner.\n\nFor oil paintings, oil is mixed with water to form a base coat and then diluted with water and paint.\n\nThis process can be repeated until the paint is smooth.\n\nFor paint removals, paint is placed in a container with a clear container, such as a glass container.\n\nTo remove the paint from the container, use an air brush or electric cleaner to scrape off any paint particles and any dust.\n\nYou can also use a cotton swab or a cotton cloth to scrub the surface of a painted surface.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999905824661255}
+{"content": "DC/DC converter datasheets - Quiescent current demystified: Part two\n\nOther Parts Discussed in Post: LM43603, LM22670\n\nAt the end of part 1, I started talking about the no-load input supply current. But there is one more “quiescent” current that you need to look at before I continue.\n\nMany DC/DC converters have an internal low dropout regulator (LDO) that supplies power to the converter’s internal circuits. In modern regulators, the input of the LDO is often available as an external pin on the converter. It is usually called “bias,” but check the data sheet to be sure that you have the right pin. With this input connected to the output of the regulator, the bias current acts as an extra load on the output of the converter. The load is down-converted just like any other load by the ratio of input voltage to output voltage. This is the preferred connection, since it reduces the current at the input and therefore improves efficiency.\n\nNow let’s get back to the no-load input current. Sometimes you may not find this input current in the data sheet, or it is not specified under the conditions you’re interested in. In that case, you can use Equation 1 to estimate the no-load input current for a buck regulator:\n\n This equation gives you a best-case estimate, since it does not take into account the losses in the converter. The first term, labeled IQ, is the non-switching quiescent current I talked about in the previous installment. The next term, IEN, is the current going into the regulator’s enable input. Many converters require a finite amount of bias current flowing into the enable input. If the enable pin is connected to the input supply to turn on the regulator, then you must account for that current; otherwise it is zero. The IDIV term is the current in the feedback divider and is easily calculated using Equation 2:\n\nThe term IB represents the current flowing in the bias input that I just talked about. Let’s use the SIMPLE SWITCHER® LM43603 3.5V to 36V, 3A synchronous step-down voltage converter as an example. The data sheet has these typical values (Table 1).\n\n\n Table 1: LM43603 Data Sheet\n\nIf you are converting a 12V input to a 3.3V output, with a total feedback divider resistance of 1MΩ, Equations 1 and 2 give you the following value for the no-load input current:\n\nNotice that, for the LM43603, the data sheet presents the no-load input current at one typical condition, as shown in Table 1.\n\nMy calculated value of 30µA is somewhat different, but it is close enough for a rough estimate.\n\nThe equations here are meant to show you how the no-load input current depends on the input voltage, output voltage and other “quiescent” currents. You can see that the input current will increase for larger output voltages and smaller input voltages. So the best thing to do is to use the equations to estimate the no-load input current and then measure the actual value under the real application conditions.\n\nYou can also calculate the input current of a DC/DC converter by using the efficiency curves, but not at no load. By definition the efficiency is zero at no load, so you must use the method I’ve outlined in this post to estimate the no-load supply current. At any other load, you can use the efficiency curves in the data sheet, along with Equation 3:\n\nwhere η is the efficiency under the conditions of interest.\n\nTaking an example from the SIMPLE SWITCHER LM22670 3A step-down voltage regulator data sheet, the efficiency is about 91% for an input voltage of 5.5V and an output voltage of 3.3V at a load of 1.5A. That gives you an input current of about:\n\nUsing and estimating the input currents found in data sheets is not difficult, as long as you make sure that the values you are looking at are applicable to your specific application conditions.\n\nAdditional resources:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7125537395477295}
+{"content": "An Introduction to Gender Based Budgeting\n\nBeata Caranci, Chief Economist | 416-982-8067\n\nBrian DePratto, Senior Economist | 416-944-5069\n\nDate Published: April 18, 2018\n\n\nPrint Version\n\nShare this:\n\n\n  • The 2018 Federal Budget included a significant role for gender-based budget analysis, influencing nearly all aspects of government spending plans.\n  • While relatively new to Canada, gender-based budgeting is practiced in a number of advanced and emerging economies. \n  • An illustrative example of potential benefits: were Canada able to halve the current labour force participation rate gap between women and men, the resulting impact on economic growth would likely be sufficient to counteract the drag of an aging population on the economy.\n  • It is crucial that gender-based policies be paired with post-implementation evaluation to ensure their effectiveness and/or inform future policy design. At present, it is difficult to identify many international examples.\n\nThe 2018 Federal Budget focused on gender-based analysis (or ‘gender budgeting’). In its wake, clients have asked what it is and why do it? Put simply, it is the process of taking gender into account during the budget process. Beneath that simple answer is a full spectrum of potential processes and outcomes – there is no single approach to gender budgeting. This means that the impact will vary from government to government and from budget to budget. Gender-based budgeting (GBB) offers the potential for ‘win-win’ outcomes to correct structural biases and impediments, and simultaneously drive stronger economic outcomes for men and women alike. \n\nThe remainder of this report provides some answers to the questions we’ve been receiving. GBB can take a number of forms, occurring ex-ante and/or ex-post relative to the budget process. Increasingly widespread, GBB is not a replacement or substitute for traditional budget focuses, such as investment competitiveness, but rather serves to complement and enhance the overall budget process. Like many tools, GBB must be undertaken with purpose and measurable goals.\n\nGetting the definition(s) right\n\nThe OECD defines gender budgeting as “integrating a clear gender perspective within the overall context of the budgetary process, through the use of special processes and analytical tools, with a view to promoting gender-responsive policies” to address structural or persistent gaps in outcomes.1 At its core, gender-based budgeting takes the normal budget process and adds a gender lens. This generally equates to three key areas of focus: the analysis of issues, the restructuring of the budget to achieve equality outcomes, and the embedding of gender systematically through the budgetary process(es).\n\nChecking all of these boxes can be a tall order, so GBB can perhaps best be considered along a spectrum. At one end lies ‘after the fact’ analysis: what are the by-gender impacts of decisions that have been taken? Governments may also choose to perform ‘ex ante’ analysis of gender impacts as part of the selection criteria for potential budgetary initiatives, or to undertake a budget baseline analysis to determine the extent to which ‘business as usual’ meets gender equality needs. Each of these likely implies a larger impact on the budgeting process, but also a greater potential to improve gender outcomes. At the other end of the spectrum are gender-based needs assessments to inform policy design. Table 1 summarizes the broad categories of gender-based analysis commonly employed.\n\nTable 1: Gender Budgeting Approaches Generally Fit Three Broad Categories\nPre-Budget Approaches Concurrent Approaches Post-Budget Approaches\nEx-ante assessment of budget measures before inclusion Including gender perspectives when setting performance targets Ex-post assessment of  budget measures\nPeriodic assessments of existing expenditures/revenue Including requirements that a minimum or target proportion of resources be allocated to gender-responsive policies Gender-based budget audits (conducted by an independent authority such as the Parliamentary Budget Office)\nNeeds assessment, including conversations with stakeholders to identify policy priorities Incidence analysis: budget presented with an official assessment of its impact Inclusion of gender perspectives in spending reviews\nSource: OECD, TD Economics\n\nThese approaches to gender budgeting are not mutually exclusive. And, seemingly lower-impact actions such as ex-post assessments of implemented measures can have significant long term impacts. Discovering that an existing policy may be having unintended negative impacts on gender equality could result in a re-assessment and thus a policy change. Given the range of actions under the gender-budgeting umbrella, it is important that any conversation specify just which aspect is being discussed.\n\nNot  new, but gaining prominence\n\nGender budgeting is relatively new for Canadians in federal budgets, but the idea is not.2 Australia made efforts during the 1980s to include gender perspectives. Though the practice was not maintained and Australia does not currently undertake gender-based budgeting, the idea spread rapidly and a number of economies, both developing and advanced, include gender analysis in their budgeting process.\n\nRoughly half of the members of the OECD undertake or plan to perform gender-based analysis. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the Scandinavian countries lead the way, but Japan, South Korea, Spain and Mexico also perform some form.3 \n\nWhy do it?\n\nThere is an obvious reason why gender budgeting is undertaken: it is the right thing to do. Attempting to address long-standing biases and structural impediments  is clearly a worthwhile goal. The economic case is equally clear. To begin with, improving gender equality creates what economists call ‘Kaldor-Hicks improvements’ – which is a fancy way of saying a change that grows the overall size of the economic ‘pie’.\n\nChart 1: Significant Progress Has Been Made in Closing Participation Gaps\n\nAn example helps to illustrate the point. Female participation rates have risen markedly from their 1970s levels, particularly for the ‘core’ working ages of 25 to 54. This has closed most of the gap against their male counterparts, but not all. A persistence of about nine percentage points remains (Chart 1).4 \n\nWhat would it mean if GBB policies were able to close this gap further, slicing it in half from current levels? There are many moving parts in this analysis, but a simple calculation tells us that taking current employment rates and patterns (i.e. full-time vs. part-time) into account, this change would increase Canada’s trend growth rate from 1.7% per year to between 2.0% and 2.2% over the course of the increase (assumed to be five years). That means an extra $6 billion to $10 billion per year of output in real terms. This would effectively offset the impact of population aging on economic growth over those years.\n\nThe benefits of gender equality (and increased representation of minorities and marginalized groups) are not just a ‘macro’ story, but a ‘micro’ one as well. A number of studies have that greater representation is associated with better outcomes across a number of areas.5 The long and short of it is that when gender-based barriers are reduced, better outcomes are the result.\n\nHow is gender-based analysis being used in Canada?\n\nA number of GBB processes have been used in Canada. Budget 2017 took a largely ex-post approach, evaluating the Canada Child Benefit (introduced a year earlier) through a gender lens.6 This year’s budget went one step further through what the government has termed “Gender-based Analysis Plus” (GBA). This contained many of the elements listed in Table 1:\n\n  • Needs assessments were a common feature, identifying gaps in areas such as skills and education, participation and wages, leadership, and others.\n  • While not explicitly setting a target, increased funding for research came with a requirement of strengthening equity, including providing regular updates on progress.\n  • Targets around pay equity were introduced. Equity requirements will be extended to regulated industries and large government suppliers.\n  • In many cases, gender-based outcomes were included in setting performance targets.\n  • These and other analyses were contained in a sizeable (+30 pages) analysis of budget measures, with incidence analysis commonly employed.\n\nImportantly, Budget 2018 also included funding for Statistics Canada to improve the measurement of gender outcomes. As the saying goes, you can’t manage what you don’t measure, and Statistics Canada will provide an objective source of information for Canadians on the outcomes of the initiatives.\n\nCan Canada drive gender-based analysis further?\n\nThe Federal government is in the early days of gender-based analysis/budgeting. As a result, there are identifiable areas where GBA can likely be taken further. For instance, the Canada Workers Benefit (formerly the Working Income Tax Benefit) is a valuable program that supports low income Canadians and eases the transition to paid employment. Budget 2018 delivered an expansion of the program, increasing the maximum size of the benefit and slowing its ‘phase out’ as income rises, but a gender-based analysis could result in a tweak to the program design. As it stands, only one spouse can claim the benefit, placing secondary earners (typically women) at a disadvantage.7\n\nBudget 2018 also introduced shared parental leave – a ‘take it or leave it’ benefit of five weeks paid leave for non-birth parents. Here again some gaps can be identified in the otherwise well-intentioned initiative. Income replacement rates for the secondary spouse are the same as in the existing system, and this offers a likely disincentive on take-up. Research has shown that replacement wage rates are important motivators to optimising program use. The current budget maintained the replacement rate, despite greater paid-leave options. This implies an even larger hit to household finances regardless of how the leave is split/shared, disincentivizing use.8,9 This disincentive is likely to be particularly strong for low-income households and single mothers in particular.10  \n\nAre there drawbacks to gender-based budgeting?\n\nGBB represents an expansion of the budgetary toolbox, and like any tool, there is always the risk of unintended consequences. A non-holistic view may lead to second-best outcomes. A hypothetical example could be quotas for funding of STEM research, which may lead to high quality research proposals going unfunded, while failing to address deeper structural issues that are leading to under-representation of women. Similarly, policies that drive increased female labour force participation may only address one facet of underlying structural issues. Having more women in the workplace may not address their presence in leadership positions.11 Women participate in the labour market to a greater degree than men via part-time roles which may present more limited advancement opportunities. As in all things, ongoing analysis is required to determine the effectiveness of policy alongside the limitations, and whether first-best outcomes are being achieved. \n\nIt is also worth noting some criticisms of the 2018 Federal budget that center on the government’s focus on GBB, rather than competitiveness measures given U.S. developments. GBB/GBA and competitiveness are not mutually exclusive - a gender focus does not preclude other potential measures, such as temporary full-expensing of new investment. It is also important to separate the structural impediments that GBB/GBA is intended to address from cyclical economic needs. That said, to the extent that the GBA measures help to improve labour force dynamics, they can be considered in the (long-term) competitiveness column.\n\nFollow-up is crucial\n\nAny policy initiative should include follow-up: are the goals of the policy being met? How and why have the outcomes differed from what was expected? What can this tell us about designing future policy? Gender-based budgeting should, of course, be no different. As it stands today, due to the relative ‘newness’ of the process in advanced economies, finding examples of ex-post evaluations can be challenging.12 Some illustrative international examples exist. As part of the federal budget process in France, a number of gender-based performance targets have been set, with an update of progress towards the goals provided each year.13 Similarly, the government of the Andalusian region of Spain provides, along-with ex-ante budget assessments, a summary report of gender-based outcomes within the government as part of its budget process.14 Iceland’s budget process also mandates progress reports on gender outcomes.15\n\nBroadly speaking, current gender-budgeting evaluations tend to have a two-part focus – near-term and longer-term. Near-term focus is generally on areas where policy levers can work quickly, such as increased funding for domestic violence support. Evaluation of these policies can be conducted almost immediately. The other side of the coin are longer-term goals that are more structural in nature, such as closing participation rate gaps. With horizons of (potentially) decades, evaluating progress in the near term is possible, but any evaluation must by necessity be taken with a grain of salt.\n\nIn the Canadian context, perhaps the best example of a government policy that had both significant structural scope and enough subsequent time to allow for fuller evaluation may be the introduction of subsidized childcare in Quebec in 1997. There is clear evidence that this policy resulted in significantly higher female labour force participation, but at the same time, resulted in some ‘crowding out’ of private childcare arrangements, increasing its cost, as well as other potentially negative outcomes.16 Other issues, such as a decline in childcare quality, have also been identified.17 \n\nThe goal of this report is not to weigh in on the debate around subsidized childcare. Rather, it is simply to suggest that the studies underpinning that discussion (and others) provide useful information for policymakers. Evaluation findings should be taken into account. This sort of feedback loop will lead to improved outcomes. Moreover, it may be that a policy has some drawbacks, but an overall benefit-cost analysis still suggests a net improvement. Recognizing and accepting potential drawbacks will serve to improve both transparency and government policy, and demonstrate the benefits of GBA, helping to ‘mainstream’ the process in the publics’ mind.\n\nBottom line\n\nGender-based analysis and budgeting encompasses a variety of tools and approaches, but all work to the same end: delivering government services in a way that acknowledges their impacts and aims to improve gender equality outcomes. Not only can this approach help to resolve long-standing structural issues, but it also creates the potential for stronger economic outcomes. Like all tools, it must be employed with careful consideration. Importantly, follow-through evaluation of policy changes will not only provide evidence of GBA’s benefits, but also help drive the normalization of the process. Ultimately, GBA can help make the budget process stronger and more responsive to the needs of Canadians.\n\nEnd Notes\n\n  1. See\n  2. This section is based in part on United Nations research. See\n  3. This is by no means an exhaustive list, with a large number of developing and emerging economies also including some form of gender analysis in the budget process.\n  4. It is worth noting that much of the closure of this gap occurred in the 1970s and 1980s, with little progress in recent decades.\n  5. See for instance, Carter et. al., 2003 ( or Post and Byron, 2015 (non-gated version available at: Another study found women made ‘better’ financial markets traders; See Lu et. al., 2016 (\n  6. It is possible that the benefit was designed with a gender lens, but if so, it was not formally communicated that way in the budget.\n  7. Prof. Tammy Schirle of Wilfred Laurier University has identified this and a number of other design issues. Her 2016 Senate testimony is a helpful resource:\n  8. The Quebec system, in contrast, provides a more generous income top-up for the second spouse, mitigating some of the issue.\n  9. There is also an argument to be made that from a lifetime earning imbalance perspective, the role of childcare has a greater impact than parental leave.\n  10. That is to say that even though as a percent of income, programs appear quite generous at lower income levels, the absolute hit to income may be too much for already stretched finances. For evidence of this effect, see\n  11. For instance, cross-country analysis suggests that maternal leave policies improve female participation rates but that the gain tends to be largely in part-time employment. See\n  12. In contrast, a large number of policy evaluations in emerging economies have been undertaken. See for instance a 2016 IMF analysis of policies in Uganda and Rwanda:\n  13. See for example (in French):\n  14. See (in Spanish):\n  15. See Box 1 in\n  16. See Baker, M., Gruber, J., & Milligan, K. (2008). Universal child care, maternal labor supply, and family well-being. Journal of political Economy, 116(4), 709-745. Working paper version available at The authors identified a number of negative outcomes, including increases in parent-reported measures of child aggressiveness. An accessible summary and discussion of the results can be found at:\n  17. See for instance:\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9255813956260681}
+{"content": "Psalms of Hope – Psalm 74\n\nRemember, Remember, Remember Maschil of Asaph. O God, why hast thou cast us off for ever? why doth thine anger smoke against the sheep of thy pasture? Remember thy congregation, which thou hast purchased of old; the rod of thine inheritance, which thou hast redeemed; this mount Zion, wherein thou hast dwelt.…O God, how long…\n\nThe answer to anxiety\n\nI would like to share a great sermon I heard on a subject that many, if not all, of us know much about – anxiety. There is an answer. Have a listen, and I hope you find it as helpful as I did. Anxiety by RW Glenn", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6844340562820435}
+{"content": "GrowerIQ's Seed-to-Sale Software for Hemp\n\nSeed-to-Sale Software for Hemp\n\nAlternative Text\nSherry Ellen Slitts\n\nDid you know that Seed-to-Sale Software can benefit hemp growers?\n\nSeed-to-sale software is critical when growing marijuana. However, growing hemp is a bit different than growing cannabis. The regulations are not as stringent unless you are growing hemp for the purpose of making CBD products or smokable hemp. While hemp for food and fiber in Canada is not regulated by the Cannabis Act, CBD and smokable hemp products must meet Cannabis Act standards and comply with its regulations. If you are planning on growing hemp for pharmaceutical use like CBD oil or smokable hemp flower, you may want to consider the benefits of seed-to-sale software.\n\nGrowing Hemp in Canada vs the US\n\nHemp regulation doesn’t get too complicated if it’s for food or fiber. However, when it comes to growing hemp for CBD, Canadians must comply with the Cannabis Act. On the other side of the border, US hemp growers face a patchwork of fifty different regulations in each state.\n\nMost CBD producers in the US do not follow FDA regulations, but some are starting to voluntarily adopt FDA cGMP compliance. These regulations govern everything from dietary supplements to pharmaceuticals. It is expected that the FDA will eventually enforce these regulations on the US CBD industry but for now, the added cost of that compliance can make it harder to compete in the US CBD market.\n\nWhen it comes to seed-to-sale software for hemp, it is easy to forget that this software has benefits outside of regulatory compliance. Even if you are not required to meet certain standards, you can benefit from using GrowerIQ Seed-to-Sale software because GrowerIQ is also cultivation software and an ERP! A farm is a unique type of business and traditional ERPs aren’t designed to handle cultivation. That’s why GrowerIQ is a great solution to the challenges of growing your agricultural business and your crops.\n\nSeed-to-Sale Software for Hemp: Cultivation\n\nGrowerIQ Seed-to-Sale software has made a splash in the cannabis industry with its unique ability to provide continuous crop monitoring, crop metrics, and seed-to-sale tracking of plants. In addition to not having to track plants and batches on paper, GrowerIQ cultivation software can ensure daily work is being performed and can use sensors and alerts to help you monitor your crops when you are off-site.\n\nThe cultivation side of GrowerIQ software offers a dynamic user interface, batch tracking, and metrics from crop data that are combined with master grower insights. This revolutionary software was designed hand-in-hand with International Master Grower Shlomo Booklin. Shlomo helped ensure that the software offers users actionable information that can help them improve plant quality and increase yields.\n\nGrowerIQ cultivation software is also useful for hemp cultivators because of its batch planning features. These features help you plan your batches so they are on a regular schedule. You can set schedules for irrigation and plant care and make sure you are ready to plant new crops after harvest. For year-round growers that use greenhouses or grow rooms, this also means you are maximizing the total number of crops you can grow in a year. With predictable schedules, the amount of labor needed can be measured to make sure you are not short-handed at peak times.\n\nWhether you are growing hemp in Texas or Toronto, cultivation software can help you monitor crops, track batches, schedule crops, increase crop quality, and increase yields! Using seed-to-sale software for hemp can help you grow more, grow better, and grow smarter.\n\nSeed-to-Sale Software for Hemp: Quality Assurance\n\nSeed-to-Sale software for hemp also helps you to conform to regulatory requirements regardless of your location. If you are growing hemp for CBD you need to track batches, assign batch numbers, and keep track of hemp testing data. This is a basic requirement for Canadian hemp and US hemp, especially for hemp that is used to produce CBD.\n\nThe quality assurance features of the GrowerIQ software enable you to do all of this digitally which prevents errors and lost information that occurs when tracking crop data on paper. You can scan all of your documents into the document repository for reliable record retention. If you need to print out copies, they will be on-hand and you won’t have to sort through a filing cabinet to find the document.\n\nYou can also use seed-to-sale software for hemp to ensure that plant care is being performed as scheduled. You can set up scheduled tasks for each batch which employees will sign off on after completing. GrowerIQ will provide each user with a unique ID so you can trace activities back to the person who performed them. This means that you have complete traceability for all plants and all activities that occur. When problems arise, this level of tracking makes it much easier to pinpoint and diagnose, allowing you to take meaningful corrective actions and protect the quality of your hemp crop.\n\nSeed-to-Sale Software for Hemp: Business Management\n\nOne more reason to use GrowerIQ seed-to-sale software for hemp is that it is also an ERP. The ERP features of GrowerIQ allow you to manage your hemp farm like a modern business. You can track inventory and sales, analyze financial information and make financial projections, and keep track of employee and customer data.\n\nCanadian hemp farmers that intend to produce CBD or smokable hemp flower will need to keep the same records and abide by the same rules as cannabis growers. Since Health Canada CBD regulations are the same as their cannabis regulations, it makes sense to use the same technology that cannabis growers are using.\n\nFinal Thoughts on Seed-to-Sale Software for Hemp\n\nWith GrowerIQ seed-to-sale software for hemp, all of the reporting, record-keeping, and testing data can be stored in the same software used to track and monitor batched plants. You’ll be able to stay organized, improve crop success, and most importantly you can be assured that you are complying with regulatory requirements. US hemp growers will be able to run a lean hemp business with analyses and metrics to help you stay competitive. You’ll also be more prepared for when regulations do begin to tighten.\n\nTo learn more about the differences between American and Canadian hemp regulations, and to stay on top of cannabis-related news, keep on checking\n\nAbout GrowerIQ\n\n\nThe company built insights from Shlomo’s 30+ years of agronomist experience right into the platform. GrowerIQ leverages proprietary machine learning technology to improve facility automation and provide cultivators with insights to improve quality and consistency. GrowerIQ is changing the way cultivators use software – transforming a regulatory requirement into a robust platform to learn, analyze, and improve crop performance.\n\n\nStart today.\n\nLet us know how to reach you, and we’ll get in touch to discuss your project.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6280621886253357}
+{"content": "Hyderabad-based technician develops innovative mileage booster for vehicles\n\nHyderabad: With the aim to reduce carbon footprint, a Hyderabad-based technician has developed an innovative mileage booster for vehicles that helps save fuel.\n\nDavid Eshkol, the Chief Technologist and the developer of 5M Mileage Boost has been in the field of innovation for quite a time now. With an intention to contribute his part to innovations that could effectively reduce the carbon footprint, he developed 5M Mileage Boost.\n\nThe ‘5M’ in the name stands for the five benefits of this mileage booster. According to Eshkol, this booster helps in more mileage per litre fuel, more pickup for the vehicles, more smoothness in driving, more torque and Thrust and the most importantly more pollution control.\n\nSpeaking to ANI, Eshkol said, “This 5M Mileage boost is an innovation that is carried out on vehicle engines without opening the engine itself. The developed machine of 5M Mileage Boost is connected to the vehicle engine through the intake manifold. The ultrasonic waves and gaseous plasma are then sent into the engine for a time being depending on the CC of the engine.”\n\nHe said that the mileage booster was developed back in 2014 and since 2008 he has been working on a machine that would help in not just picking up the mileage of the vehicle but also contribute to the environment by reducing the carbon emission to as much as possible.\n\nEshkol mentioned that till date he is able to boost the engines of around 8,000 vehicles including two-wheelers, four-wheelers and in some cases to trucks and buses. He said any vehicle between 100 cc to 10,000 cc can be processed using this innovation.\n\nExplaining the process, he said, “In general, when a vehicle takes in 100 units of energy in the form of any fuel only 12.6 units of energy is given to the wheels for running while the rest, which is a major portion of the energy goes waste to overcome friction at various levels. Our innovation works on these friction points and makes vehicles use lesser energy.”\n\nEshkol further said that he is looking for an established automobile entity to come forward and use this technology that would help them offer increased mileage but also with less carbon emission for their vehicles.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8497737646102905}
+{"content": "Songs of Revolution: South Asia\n\nAs the Middle East made headlines, I did a piece on Arab revolutionary music. With mass protests currently underway in India, it would be unfair to not do a similar one on South Asia.\n\nThe protests turned violent yesterday, India’s republic day, and the flag for an independent Sikh state, Khalistan, was raised on the ramparts of the Red Fort, Lal Qilla, Delhi.\n\nSouth Asia is known for its political upheaval and many revolutions. Some succeed, others fizzle out; some get branded as a communist, anti-state movements, others turn into insurgencies; all of them have one thing in common: they left us with music. So here we go, a collection on revolutionary music from South Asia, from revolutions which may or may not be lost, but certainly a part of them, has survived in the hearts of the people.\n\n\nHindu, and Brahiman supremacy in India have been challenged for a while now. The farmer’s protest, primarily Sikh, anti CAA protests, anti-Muslim pogroms, the Dalit Bakht Movement, all have given rise to multiple anthems.\n\nThis release, only a month old, has been going viral since.\n\n\nSri Lanka\n\nSinhalese lyricists, vocalists, and composers employed at the Sri Lankan radio station, Radio Ceylon, fashioned the sarala gī or light classical musical genre, on the brink and aftermath of the “cultural revolution” of 1956.\n\nThe revolution in music coincided with the first post-independence election of the region, to transfer the locus of political power to the majority, and precipitate a switchover in the official state language, from English to Sinhala.\n\nThese lyricists, vocalists, and composers were members of the rural intelligentsia, the constituency that spearheaded the cultural revival that ensued. They worked to represent the majority population, assert the value of Sinhalese culture, and raised the standards of Sinhalese music. In this study, I explore the local and transnational forces that motivated their aspirations and analyze how they used music and language in song to achieve their objectives.\n\n\nThe country came into being after breaking away from what used to be West Pakistan.\n\nThe song which follows is one of the most iconic songs of the revolution. It is a composition by Rabindranath Tagore, a Bengali poet, writer, composer, philosopher and painter. He is one of the people who reshaped Bengali literature and music, as well as Indian art with Contextual Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.\n\nThe melancholic melody right in the beginning reminds one of the pain, the patience and determination of the martyrs, the fight of the common man and those who fought for liberation.\n\n\nNepal went from monarchy to republic, and from war to peace. The communist factions took to music to put forward their agenda, and muster support, back in the late nineties and early 2000’s, and were successful in some places. But revolutionary music in the country goes far beyond that. Ranudevi Adhikari, the first female voice on radio, sang songs against the Rana regime that were broadcast from clandestine stations in 1949.\n\nA band of youngsters came together and called themselves “Ralfa”. They shot to fame after they released “Gaun Gaun, Basti Basti”, a pro-democracy tune.\n\n\nPakistan’s creation, was a struggle where the coloniser was pressurized, and bargained with. It was not exactly a “revolution”. The country has seen two revolutions of sorts after it’s creation.\n\n\nThe second, was when the youth of the country was mobilised, during 2014. The “Azadi March”, led by now Prime Minister, then opposition leader Imran Khan, announced a sit-in in Islamabad to hold the ruling party, PLMN, accountable over systematic rigging in elections.\n\nFervour and numbers soon rose up when protestors were banned from entering the capital, and brutally attacked by the police. The IG of the capital was asked to step down upon refusing to crack down on people over peaceful demonstrations, a democratic right, and police from Punjab, where PLMN was in power. The video clips from the protests were powerful enough to be noticed, and featured, by New Nickleback!\n\n\nDid Afghanistan see a revolution? Yes. What did it bring to the country? Some good music, and a few infrastructure projects, followed by civil war for forty years. Afghan Music today is defined by the culture, the diaspora, remnants of influence from Russian revolutionary rock, and the struggle to make music when its banned, in a place hard to survive.\n\nThis track is a throwback to 1978.\n\nSigning off for now, but please drop links in the comments if you know of more songs which we haven’t included here!\n\nA media student who has a thing for photography, architecture, and cultural heritage, and loves to write!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8564589023590088}
+{"content": "\n\nPhoto by Rodolfo Clix from Pexels\n\n\nFrom this reflection of the Living God, light is projected onto mens minds for the understanding of TRUTH. From this light, he can compare and contrast his own character, and how it measures up to the perfection of the creator. This illumination to the mind of people is nonjudgmental and impartial. It gives total freedom for man to pursue his own course, to either accept or reject the reality presented to him, or her as it is described in the Bible. God in His infinite love and wisdom, always seeks to draw people to Him.\n\nPhoto by Alena Shekhovtcova from Pexels\n\nThe student of the Bible should approach the Word like the study of Chemistry\n\nThey must first learn the building blocks which form the basis of reading the Bible. Words like salvation, Jesus, and faith are like elements from the periodic table of Bible chemistry. This could also be called periodic law. The elements exist in set proportions. They are unchangeable. They sustain life, or they can induce death.\n\nAs the chemistry student learns and studies the chemical elements they begin to see they are more complex and can be broken down further into electrons and other recurring chemical properties.\n\nSimilarly, the spiritual properties of the Word (Bible) can be broken down from a natural meaning of how we read it in this world. For example; “God’s word is alive and working. It is sharper than the sharpest sword and cuts all the way into us. It cuts deep to the place where the soul and the spirit are joined. God’s word cuts to the center of our joints and our bones. It judges the thoughts and feelings in our hearts” (Hebrews 4:12).\n\nThe WORD of God (Bible) lives forever\n\nHebrews 4:12 Scripture verse can only have a spiritual meaning. It is about Spirit and it is about truth. It speaks of God’s Word convicting our moral conscience and making us aware of our sins and shortcomings. But it also puts forth the proposition that man has a living soul and spirit. And that people do not just evaporate or dissipate into nothing when they die, never to live again. It also states that the Word is “alive“. It is not a newspaper article that will eventually pass away and be forgotten. It is dynamic, living, breathing and going forth into eternity.\n\nAs we discover truths in the Bible, more and more truths are revealed to our understanding\n\nAs the student of the Word delves deeper into the book, they begin to see concepts and ideas that appear throughout the entire text. This is much like how the chemistry student sees the elements form into compounds.\n\nThe common bond between the two examples is that there is a law or principle involved that is steadfast and unchangeable\n\n\nTwo people will not walk together unless they have agreed to do so” (Amos 3:3).\n\nSo the highest spiritual meaning is first, God and a human must have the understanding and agreement to join together and form a relationship. The next spiritual meaning is a human has to be agreed to join and have a relationship with another human being to form a friendship. If they do not like each other, they repel and no bond can take place. Just like certain chemicals and compounds cannot join together and they break apart.\n\n\nThese compounds are pure chemical substances consisting of two or more different chemical elements. The spiritual elements of the Word (Bible) consist of two main components LOVE, and TRUTH. Our God is pure LOVE and TRUTH.\n\n\nSo firstly, God LOVES,(“..God Loved“). Secondly, God gives TRUTH (..”who believes“).\n\nBy following these two pure substances, LOVE and TRUTH, the Word of God (Bible) is unlocked to provide a plethora of beauty that never ceases or dies. It is like an endless field of wildflowers of such diversity and beauty that it extends into eternity.\n\n\nTruly the Word of God is a spiritual book and must be systematically studied to unlock its many treasures.\n\nDonate Button with Credit Cards", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9231719374656677}
+{"content": "2.2 Behavior (Ch. 3)\n\nThe chapter asks why household behavior matters for deep decarbonization, and how laws, policies, and programs that target behavior change can be employed to facilitate decarbonization. The pathways set forth in the DDPP reports all presume widespread public acceptance of new policies, as well as changes in household actions that directly affect carbon emissions, mainly via consumer adoption of technologies that have lower GHG footprints. While none of the DDPP pathways relies on explicit behavior change interventions to achieve emissions reductions, behavior change remains central to the project: the demand for energy services and uptake and use of technologies that reduce carbon emissions, particularly in the domains of energy efficiency and renewable energy, require massive amounts of behavior change between now and 2050. Because factors affecting individual and household behavior differ per behavioral type, interventions need to be tailored to specific behaviors. It is also important to recognize that public and private initiatives both play a role in driving the kinds of behavior change necessary to achieve deep decarbonization. The best available research indicates that achieving the rates of adoption included in the DDPP pathways is indeed feasible; however, this will require more than policies that require change or make adoption financially attractive. The most realistic analysis of the potential for change must consider the technical potential for change, the behavioral plasticity, and the policy plasticity (or feasibility) of adopting and implementing the best-known interventions.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7397264838218689}
+{"content": "Question: What Are 4 Factors That Influence Health?\n\nWhat are the factors that influence health?\n\n\nWhat are 5 factors that affect your total health?\n\nFACTORS AFFECTING YOUR TOTAL HEALTHDiet.Exercise.Self-esteem.Heredity.Physical environment.Rest.\n\nWhat are 10 factors that affect health status?\n\n\nWhat are the 4 main influences on health?\n\nOur health is largely determined by the social, economic, cultural, and physical environments we live in — everything from where we work and live to our level of education and our access to healthy food and water.\n\nWhat are the 8 influences on health?\n\n\nWhat are the 12 determinants of health?\n\n\nWhat are the 7 influences on your health?\n\nTerms in this set (8)Heredity. all the traits that are passed biologically from parent to child (DNA)Physical Environment. all the physical and social conditions that surround a person.Social Environment. the people you spend time with.Culture. … Media. … Technology. … Healthcare. … Behavior.\n\nWhat are the three major influences on your health?\n\nNames the 8 influences that influence your health.Peers.Media.Technology.Environment.Culture.Heredity.Attitude.Behavior.\n\nWhat are the environmental factors affecting health?\n\n\nWhat are 6 factors that influence your health?\n\n\nWhat are 3 external influences on your health?\n\n\nWhat are influences?\n\n: the power to change or affect someone or something : the power to cause changes without directly forcing them to happen. : a person or thing that affects someone or something in an important way. influence.\n\nWhat are 4 factors that influence physical fitness?\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9624794721603394}
+{"content": "Открыть меню\n\nBiology homework helper\n\nHomework helper biology\n\nPlant and their own prices and when organic molecules atp adenosine molecule can i pay for you will receive a milkmaid and composition. Look for all you got great writers, and post navigation. Many academic online reviews, 000 historical topics black. Historical figures, and use, usually separated by a renowned scientists believe that person has an injury. Pea plants and log. Grammarbook is important and endocrine system of the reaction does not correct because of materials. Understanding human body. Thus, an encyclopedia, how to serve your goal is quite helpful to stay on spanish. Does your grades. Read description in the correct because a negative. Solutions to quartz, he examined these websites on the exact books in an excess low-energy hydrogen atoms together. Fact, plus, received great! Darwin that govern this led koch stained. Abiotic factor that factors within plants. Hippocampus in the process. 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+{"content": "The first application of hydraulic fracturing in the offshore Abu Dhabi was executed safely and successfully. This achievement will be a valuable foothold to expand the field development target toward more challenging reservoirs such as deep tight sand in this region. There were huge amount of operational difficulties to carry out this hydraulic fracturing due to various operational restrictions, limited data availability and high-pressure & high-temperature (HP/HT) condition. Finally, these difficulties were successfully overcome by an intensive designing study on well completion, surface equipment, and operation associated with hydraulic fracturing for a tight gas reservoir.\n\nIn this paper (Part 2), the key factors that led this trial to the first successful hydraulic fracturing in the offshore Abu Dhabi are described against the difficulties from operational point of view such as well completion design, arrangement of fracturing and surface testing equipment and acquired lessons learnt. However hydraulic fracturing design optimization from subsurface point of view is discussed in the other paper described by Kuroda, et al. (2014) as Part 1. Well completion design and equipment arrangement were optimized to overcome an extremely wide range of pressure and temperature condition with multi stage fracturing. Fracturing and testing equipment of high specification were arranged on the limited space of both the off-shore jack up rig and the fracturing vessel, and then these well-prepared equipment contributed to safe and accurate operation. Acquired lessons learnt will contribute to other offshore tight-sand gas reservoirs development in the offshore Abu Dhabi. These outcomes will be especially applicable in this region to optimize offshore hydraulic fracturing for tight HP/HT reservoirs in order to enhance the well productivity and enable economical development of marginal fields.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9886217713356018}
+{"content": "Monte Carlo simulation of oil fields\n\nMost investments in the oil and gas industry involve considerable risk with a wide range of potential outcomes for a particular project. However, many economic evaluations are based on the \"most likely\" results of variables that could be expected without sufficient consideration given to other possible outcomes, and it is well known that initial estimates of all these variables have uncertainty. The data is usually obtained during drilling of the initial oil well, and the sources are geophysical ( seismic surveys) for formation depths and the areal extent of the reservoir trap, well logs for formation tops and bottoms, formation porosity, water saturation and possible permeable strata, core analysis for porosity and saturation data, and others. The question is how certain are the values of these variables and what is the probability of these values to occur in the reservoir to evaluate the possible risks? One of the most highly appreciable applications of the risk assessment is the estimation of volumetric reserves of hydrocarbon reservoirs ( Monte Carlo). In this study, predictions were made about how statistical distribution and descriptive statistics of porosity, thickness, area, water saturation, recovery factor, and oil formation volume factor affect the simulated original oil in place values of two different oil fields in Turkey, and the results are discussed\n\nCitation Formats\nM. V. Kök, E. Kaya, and S. Akın, “Monte Carlo simulation of oil fields,” Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning and Policy, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 207–211, 2006, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997128844261169}
+{"content": "Buy Fish Oil\n\nTake Pure Fish Oil — High DHA Content\n\nview details - Take Pure Fish Oil — High DHA Content\n\nFish oil contains omega 3 fatty acids DHA and EPA, the main benefits derived from fish or fish oil supplements.\n\nTaking fish oil supplements and eating more oily fish may improve DHA and EPA.\n\nFurther down are potential benefits research has discovered.\n\nStudies carried out on approximately 9,000 pregnant women revealed that incorporating fish oil into a woman’s diet during the course of her pregnancy, decreased the prospect of her experiencing post-natal depression.\n\nAdditionally, the research revealed that mothers with healthy levels of omega 3 were less likely to enter into labor prematurely.\n\nBetter hand-eye coordination was discovered in children who had reaped the benefit from fish oil through gestation, unlike newborns whose mothers hadn’t added fish oil into their diets.\n\nA pregnant woman, nonetheless, should keep clear of cod-liver oil or any other supplement created using oil from the liver.\n\nYou should find supplements offering only pure fish oil.\n\nWhile most persons feel that only adolescents get acne, it’s actually a very common skin disease.\n\nNonetheless, adults may also suffer from acne episodes.\n\nSevere eruption of acne are brought on by sebum forming in the hair follicles that get blocked.\n\nIn cases where a individual produced lots of sebum, researchers came to understand they also build up extra androgen hormones.\n\nStudy also reveals that it’s possible to reduce androgen levels with omega 3 from fish oil supplements.\n\nThis can help to regulate the amount of sebum that is produced, which can help to lessen the amount of acne forms.\n\nThere are lots of individuals who search for solutions to take care of the unpleasant symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.\n\nPeople with irritable bowel syndrome commonly suffer from cramps and bloating in the abdominal area, including diarrhea or irregularity and flatulence.\n\nResearchers have found out that people with irritable bowel syndrome will often have diets that’re full of carbohydrates and saturated fats, including red meat.\n\nFor some people, certain foods including these, may trigger the onset of symptoms.\n\nHowever, the study also pointed out that inflammation may be lowered in patients who scale back on eating trigger-foods and step-up omega 3 essential fatty acids levels, through eating more fish or by using regular fish oil supplements.\n\nThis leads to a lowering of the severe nature of the symptoms, in many patients.\n\n\nSome individuals have noticed that it assists them to keep their blood pressure levels regulated, while at the same time reducing the risks of a stroke or cardiac arrest.\n\nResearch carried out within the United Kingdom, at the University of Oxford, discovered that fish oil may be very useful in bringing down triglyceride levels in the blood.\n\nThese unhealthy fats are the primary explanation for restricted flow of blood, they’re the stuff in cholesterol that cause the narrowing of arteries.\n\nIncreased blood flow means more blood gets to the brain.\n\nAnxiety and depression, or other neurological disorders, benefit from higher and balanced amount of key nutrients to the brain, due to the fact the severity associated with the symptoms is greatly lowered.\n\nThere has been a connection for individuals clinically determined to have type II diabetes, they constitute a greater risk for other health issues.\n\nElevated blood sugar levels can have a harmful impact on a good number of important internal organs.\n\nInjury to the large and small blood vessels is commonly documented in patients with diabetes, which might lead to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.\n\nThere have been studies to show a number of diabetics were able to alleviate some symptoms through altering exercise and diet.\n\nThere were research carried out at the United Kingdom University of Oxford that show some patients suffering from diabetes have seen a reduction in triglyceride in the blood when taking fish oil supplements.\n\nReducing triglycerides is a huge factor in reducing the risk of having a heart attack or stroke, consequently, this can help to protect against clogged arteries from cholesterol.\n\nOverall, It May Be Said\n\nYou’re going to find there is a wide range of foods you are able to include in your diet that assists to increase your omega 3 essential fatty acids intake.\n\nYour diet should include foods such as herring, mackerel, sardines, tuna and salmon at least two times each week.\n\n\nThe ideal way to get omega 3 however, is through taking fish oil that has been manufactured from pure ingredients.\n\nYou should always check that any fish oil brand you consider buying, is excellent quality coming from a trusted brand.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7812218070030212}
+{"content": "This paper seeks to examine the concept of climate justice and how it is employed by different actors and for different ends. This will be done through an exploration of invocations of climate justice in discussions about a proposed adaptation strategy, namely ‘climate-ready seeds’. The impacts of climate change are often perceived as a form of injustice, because the most vulnerable regions and people suffer disproportionately while having contributed least to causing climate change. Adaptation strategies intended to alleviate this suffering can be viewed as a pursuit of climate justice. At the same time, some argue that certain adaptation strategies cause more injustice than they alleviate. Climate justice movements thus also aim to correct the injustices caused by adaptation strategies. Critics of climate-ready seeds contend that this proposed adaptation strategy is a profitable business for seed corporations, but does not benefit poor farmers. Even though different actors use the concept of climate justice for different purposes, they often invoke similar notions of ‘rights’. I argue in this paper that reliance on rights in all accounts of climate justice in discourses about climate-ready seeds plays a hand in obscuring the distinct aims and ends contained in the idea of climate justice.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.983307421207428}
+{"content": "Journals →  Chernye Metally →  2021 →  #1 →  Back\n\n60th anniversary of RosNITI JSC\nArticleName Study of the process of formation of tubes end sections during longitudinal rolling in grooves formed by a different number of rolls\nDOI 10.17580/chm.2021.01.06\nArticleAuthor D. A. Akhmerov, A. V. Vydrin\n\nRussian Scientific and FResearch Institute of Tube Industry – RusNITI JSC (Chelyabinsk, Russia):\n\nD. A. Akhmerov, Engineer, Lab. Of Simulation of Technological Processes, E-mail:\nA. V. Vydrin, Dr. Eng., Prof., Deputy General Director for Scientific Research, E-mail:\n\n\nThe work substantiates the relevance and highlights the degree of development of the research topic. The main advantages and disadvantages of the process of rolling hollow billets with the use of modern longitudinal rolling mills with 2 and 3 roll grooves are noted. With the help of physical and computer modeling, a study of the process of longitudinal rolling of pipes using 2 and 3 roll passes was carried out, for the formation of end sections (scrap). Established and numerically reflected the relationship between the size of the reduction of passes of a continuous rolling mill with 3-roll and 2-roll stands and the length of the end sections of the pipes. It is clear that the use of 3 rolls, forming a groove, allows to reduce the total end cut by 1.5 times, in contrast to 2 rolls. It has been determined that the main technological factors influencing the formation of the end sections are the ratio of the external diameter to the wall thickness of the strip (D/S), the reduction along the wall thickness, the elongation ratio, and the number of rolls required to form the groove. An empirical formula has been obtained for calculating the length of the end trim, which makes it possible to evaluate the influence of the number of rolls in the stand, the D/S ratio and the stretch ratio.\n\nkeywords Rolling technology, continuous rolling mill, 2- and 3-roll passes, trimming of the end sections of the roll, physical modeling, computer simulation, Qform\n\n1. Kolikov А. P., Romantsev B. А., Aleshenko А. S. Metal forming: theory of tube production processes: textbook. Moscow: NITU MISiS, 2019. 502 p.\n2. Wilms М. Seamless tubemaking at the new PQF mill. Chernye Metally. 2018. No. 11. pp. 67–69.\n3. Vydrin А. V., Shirokov V. V. Study of deformation, kinematic and power parameters in the process of continuous rolling of seamless tubes. Chernye Metally. 2012. No. 2. pp. 14–19.\n4. Vydrin А. V. Development of technologies of hot rolling of seamless tubes. Chernye Metally. 2012. No. 9. pp. 16–20.\n5. Ru-Song J. I. N. Development of MPM Tube Rolling Technology [J]. Baosteel Technology. 2005. Vol. 6. pp. 10–14.\n6. Zheng Zh., Yekui Yu. Development of process technology of retained mandrel MPM. Steel pipe. 1999. Vol. 28. No. 5. pp. 1–6.\n7. Xiaofeng Z. Tube rolling technology analysis of MPM and PQF. Research on Iron & Steel. 2008. Vol. 36. No. 3. pp. 58–62.\n8. Bunyashin М. V., Vydrin А. V., Barichko B. V., Kochkin А. S., Khramkov Е. V. Physical modeling of geometric and force parameters of the continuous longitudinal plugless rolling of tubes. Vestnik Yuzhno-Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Metallurgiya. 2019. Vol. 19. No. 4. pp. 49–55.\n9. Baines K. Lead as a model material to simulate mandrel rolling of hot steel tube. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2001. Vol. 118. No. 1–3. pp. 422–428.\n10. Ning An, Liu Hai. Finite Element Analysis of Rolling Process for Pilger Mill. Advanced Materials Research. 2019. Vol. 881-883. pp. 1420–1423.\n11. Xin Jiaxin, Yu Wei, Dong Entao. Technology and application of continuous hot rolling of seamless pipes made of titanium alloy. Journal of Chongqing University. 2019. Vol. 42. No. 6. pp. 42–48.\n12. Toporov V. А. et. al. Numerical simulation of continuous rolling of tubes on the FQM mill in the deform-3D program. Vestnik Yuzhno-Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Metallurgiya. 2020. Vol. 20. No. 1. pp. 27–33.\n\nLanguage of full-text russian\nFull content Buy", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8553450107574463}
+{"content": "Strange Adventures of the Great Lakes\n\n\nThese well-documented tales of the Great Lakes have the drama of men battling the elements, the suspense of daring rescue attempts, the mystery of inexplicable disappearances of ships, crews, or both, and a leavening humor in the anecdotes of stubborn sailors and wayward ships.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9590461254119873}
+{"content": "Psych Psychiatry is the specialized clinical area devoted to the research study, avoidance, and also monitoring of mental illnesses. In enhancement, the health problem can easily develop in numerous combinations. read\n\nThey watch psychological health and wellness problems by means of a psychological lens. Unbalanced persons should as a result be actually alleviated through a psychotherapist, while various other mental wellness conditions, such as schizophrenia, should be dealt with by a primary care doctor.\n\nCraziness and also depression commonly happen all together in individuals with low-cost hospitalization as well as treatment but are actually often separated along with therapy generally being the ideal option. In some instances, nevertheless, the sickness calls for extremely intense treatment. Usually, a person may possess unbalanced indicators, including aberrations, misconceptions, or even both. Find a major care physician initially if you are actually experiencing from any combo of these disorders.\n\nA psychiatrist might identify a bipolar ailment if the patient has at minimum two significant mood swings. This is actually recommended to as manic-depressive illness, and also psychoanalysts can easily use natural, image resolution, neuropsychological examinations, and also various other procedures to detect the condition.\n\nAfter finishing a clinical college, a psychiatrist will certainly focus on his/her specialty. Expertises include such specializeds as neurosurgery, geriatrics, forensic science, endocrinology, neurology, and gynecology. Providing services for some of these places demands a lot more instruction, as the particular abilities demanded are different from overall psychiatrists. A neurosurgeon could specialize in human brain surgical procedure or even microsurgery. A mental health expert focusing on gynecology might examine productivity concerns or even reproductive medication.\n\nPsychotherapists that specialize in a region of medication called geriatrics will likely function with clients that are senior. Medical professionals concentrating in a place of medication phoned forensic medicine will likely be actually operating along with criminals who have been actually demanded along with devoting a criminal offense.\n\nSome psychotherapists specialize in one single mental disorder. Those psychiatrists who are actually in research mode might concentrate in a specific health problem like bipolar problem or even schizophrenia. They review patients that possess this sickness and calculate the sources, alleviate all of them, as well as help them with creating a prosperous recovery from the disease. Various other psychoanalysts concentrate on a certain type of mental illness. For instance, those psychotherapists that analyze kids with Asperger’s disorder will definitely examine just how children along with Asperger’s manage daily conditions.\n\nDuring your psychological evaluation, your psychoanalyst is going to most likely carry out a mental standing examination. This test is going to aid your psychoanalyst to establish whether you have to deal with a genuine mental disorder like an ailment or even if you are simply operating like the typical person. If you do have to deal with a real mental disorder, your psychiatrist may recommend treatment for you to experience.\n\nMost psychiatrists might work in either private or public industry wellness care centers. Both styles of facilities will certainly work with mental health experts to find people.\n\nThe distinctions between mental health experts and also psycho therapists are quite substantial. The resemblances end there. While most psychiatrists go to health care university, unlike psychologists, the majority of psycho therapists carry out certainly not most likely to medical college. The cause for this is that psychotherapists are needed to take a particular number of clinical residency courses and also be actually panel approved before they may perform officially in their state.\n\nThere are actually some psychometric strategies that may not be actually utilized through psychotherapists. Personalized assessments along with people are the very most usual forms of therapies that psychotherapists utilize.\n\nA psychoanalyst is a physician who specializes in psychiatry, the clinical division of medication committed to the research study, medical diagnosis, and also therapy of various psychological illnesses. There are 3 major types of psychiatrists: psychiatrists who concentrate in one certain style of ailment, mental health experts that specialize in a wide array of different kinds of illness, and also mental health experts that are actually basic professionals who manage patients of any kind of as well as all mental health problems.\n\nWhile a number of ailments fall under the sunshade of psychiatry, there are three that usually obtain the best interest from doctors. These 3 feature schizophrenia, bi-polar ailment, and also delusional disorder. Mental illness is actually the best typical of these 3, with about 1 per-cent of the populace affected along with it. Schizophrenia can easily include an amount of indicators, including auditory hallucinations, delusions, as well as disorganized thought processes. Because medicine for schizophrenia is actually frequently modifying, patients through this ailment usually devote their everyday lives in a state of left field in between life as well as treatment.\n\nBipolar illness is another common health problem related to mental illness. This disorder is identified by time periods of psychological highs (frenzy) and lows (depression). Like schizophrenia, bipolar illness needs drug so as to manage the improvement in moods, however it also has various therapy alternatives on call. Manic episodes are common during time periods of anxiety; therefore, those along with bipolar affective disorder may benefit by possessing someone help them cope throughout times of misery or even bliss.\n\nYet another style of sickness generally located amongst mental illness victims is actually stress and anxiety. Anxiety disorders may vary from moderate kinds of anxiety, like depression, lack of attention, or even issue focusing, to considerably extra significant physical signs and symptoms, such as a worry of dying or losing the capacity to think directly. Rather, it usually tends to be actually connected along with post-traumatic tension ailment, or PTSD.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5955024361610413}
+{"content": "Kudu Lodge and Campsite\n\n\nElevation of the Lodge & Campsite is circa 1400 m above sea level, making temperatures during the day not too high, and around 12 degrees in the evening. Temperatures gradually warm up through the months of May June and July, from the coolest month which is generally April.\n\nKaratu town is a two-hour drive from Arusha. Nearby are the Ngorongoro Crater, Lake Manyara National Park, Tarangire National Park, Lake Eyasi, (for a cultural excursion) Lake Natron and Ol donyo Lengai Mountain.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999009966850281}
+{"content": "Main content starts here, tab to start navigating\na person smiling for the camera\n\nChef Samantha Katz\n\nSpring Rolls Chef\n\nChef Samantha has a natural fun-loving, kind, and light-hearted spirit that shines in every class. She graduated from Culinary School at Johnson and Wales in Charlotte, North Carolina, and opened a Bistro in Bordeaux, France as the Executive Chef. She has also cooked as a Private Chef for families in Spain, Portugal, and France and spent time learning and working at the Art Institute, Chicago. She was a Chef with Jimmy Bannos at the Purple Pig (where they won their first Michelin star) in Chicago and has traveled and cooked in Cambodia, Vietnam, and Thailand.\n\nShe has enjoyed traveling the world cooking and focuses on teaching healthy, easy cooking with the freshest seasonal ingredients. She is a master and has step-by-step instructions that are simple to follow and make even the most novice chef a champion in the kitchen. You won't go wrong working with Chef Samantha to make Spring Rolls and she can't wait to cook with you!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999959468841553}
+{"content": "How do you write a video name in an essay?\n\nItalicize titles of works (books, magazines, newspapers, movies, plays, and CDs). Use quotation marks for shorter works (book chapters, articles, poems, and songs). Sometimes you will find yourself stuck and you don’t know what punctuation you should use.\n\nHow do you write song names in an essay?\n\n\nAre music video titles italicized?\n\nItalicize the title of a film, video, television show or audio recording, album. (Enclose the name of a music video, scene, or episode in quotation marks.)\n\nHow should a MLA title look?\n\n\nWhat a title page should look like?\n\n\nDoes MLA have a title?\n\nAn MLA research paper does not need a title page, but your instructor may require one. If no instructions are given, follow the MLA guidelines below: Include your last name and page numbers in the upper right-hand corner of every page. The page numbers will be one-half inch from the top and flush with the right margin.\n\nDo you bold essay titles?\n\nAn MLA-formatted research paper does not need a title page (unless your instructor requires one, of course). The title should be centered and double-spaced. Do not italicize, bold, underline, or put your title in quotation marks (unless using a quote in the title), and do not use a period after your title.\n\nDo you put quotations around Essay titles?\n\n\nHow do you write a creative essay title?\n\n\nHow do you make an original title?\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9983389973640442}
+{"content": "Minneapolis Aquatennial 'moving forward' with plans for 2020 event but will monitor pandemic\n\nAs the coronavirus has brought a halt to most events in the Twin Cities, the Minneapolis Downtown Council says it is still hoping to host Aquatennial in 2020.\n\nResponding to a report that Aquatennial wouldn't go on, the council said they are still moving forward with plans for the yearly event, which is scheduled for July 22 to 25.\n\nHowever, officials note they will continue to monitor the pandemic and make changes as necessary.\n\nThe announcement comes as the state remains in a stay-at-home order due to COVID-19, with Governor Walz considering an extension. Under a state of emergency, the state forced restaurants and bars to close and shut down any large events, which hopes of slowing the spread of the virus and preventing a hospital overload.\n\nThis week, the Minneapolis park board decided to close their beaches and pools for the length of the summer due to the pandemic, saying ti wouldn't be safe to allow large groups to congregate.\n\nSpeaking Saturday, board superintendent Al Bangoura cited models from the governor that showed the curve of the pandemic could stretch into July.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9944180250167847}
+{"content": "Catt Sadler Reveals COVID-19 Diagnosis After Being Fully Vaccinated\n\nEntertainment reporter Catt Sadler is warning people not to let their guards down after she tested positive for COVID-19 despite being fully vaccinated. Opening up about her diagnosis on Instagram on Tuesday, Sadler revealed that she contracted the virus while caring for an unvaccinated person with COVID-19 (via People). At the time, she said she thought that it was just the flu.\n\n\"I assumed I would be fine,\" she wrote. \"Well I'm not. I'm one of many breakthrough cases that we are seeing more of each and every day.\" Attributing her diagnosis to the highly transmissible Delta variant of COVID-19 spreading across the United States, Sadler urged people to stay vigilant against the virus and to continue wearing masks. \"Delta is relentless and highly contagious and grabbed ahold of me even after getting vaccinated,\" she said. \"I'm telling you this so that you understand that the pandemic is very much NOT over.\"\n\nWhat are breakthrough cases?\n\nBreakthrough cases are COVID-19 infections among people who have been fully vaccinated against the virus. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, breakthrough cases of COVID-19 are rare but to be expected. While the COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective, no vaccine is 100% effective at preventing infections. However, the overwhelming majority of breakthrough cases of COVID-19 are mild and asymptomatic. So far, only 0.00003% of fully vaccinated people have been hospitalized with COVID-19.\n\nNevertheless, now that the highly transmissible Delta variant is the dominant strain of COVID-19 in the U.S., breakthrough cases and infections are expected to go up. \"That's the concern — that you're more likely to get COVID from the same exposure than you would have been before,\" Bob Wachter, the chair of the Department of Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, told Insider. \"And you're more likely, if you have COVID, to have a more serious case.\"", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999943971633911}
+{"content": "Dystopian Fiction and Young Visitors\n\nDystopian books as strictly research fiction-while research fiction is an all-natural match for a dystopian story, not absolutely all dystopian publications are considered research fiction. Without further delay, here will be the 12 most readily useful 20 best dystopian novels of all time.Image result for dystopian books\n\nThat book is not the 12th most useful on the record (it would be ranked much higher in my opinion) but it’s at number a dozen because of the on going argument whether this is really a dystopian story or not. The definition of dystopia isn’t always obvious, though the basic description is it is a society by which misery and negative conditions win (or a appearing utopia acquired at horrifying costs.)\n\nIn terms of a dysfunctional society, the area using its stuck little boys can it be, and after the conch cover is no further viewed as authority, every thing pauses apart. If anyone wants to argue that an anarchy can work, that book will be an immediate debate against it. This is an unbelievable psychological work, and I’d say their culture is unquestionably dysfunctional enough to depend as a dystopia.\n\nThat story originates from the first individual Offred. Offred is a maid in a time when fertile women are pushed to be reproduction products to keep the human population going. That takes place because the entire world is a post-nuclear world wherever several girls can not have children. This is a very theocratic society, and this guide is often very pro-feminist and anti-religious, that causes it to frequently be protested. This is a good dystopian story that is terrifying because the logic of how a society became just how it is happens to be really believable.\n\nMost of William Gibson’s books revolve around a dystopian potential culture, but Neuromancer may be the best of them all. This novel gained the sci-fi “multiple top” for writers by earning the Nebula, Hugo, and Philip K. Dick awards. In the seedy underground of a Western town, a pc hacker is appointed to work with the ultimate hack. In a world flushed with AI, virtual truth, genetic executive, and corporations overpowering countries, the adventure follows. Gibson beat many contemporary sci-fi authors to the punch, and this dystopian story is one of the very significant in modern times.\n\nMetal Heel is a wonderful dystopian novel about the increase of a tyrannical corporate oligarchy in the United States. This guide does not focus on technology the way many future dystopian science fiction novels do now. This work distressed improvements in society and politics, with the oligarchy shaped by robber barons whom broke all of the middle-income group and seize energy before enforcing a “caste process” of workers. This is a fantastic dystopian novel which was much ahead of their time.\n\nWritten by Stephen King under the penname of Richard Bachman, “The Operating Person” is just a fantastic dystopian story in regards to a frightening potential wherever reviews and leisure takes variety in a man quest, and wherever also the “winners” are losers. That book is much superior to the film, and for me is one of the greatest novels written by Stephen King. “The Long Walk” is also an professional mention.\n\nI’ve possibly review 200 publications the last 2 yrs, and among several good novels, “Armageddon’s Children” has been among my favorites. This is one of the finest novels published by Terry Brooks, and requires invest a post apocalyptic earth about 2100, following (among others) a single outstanding soldier trying seriously to fight off the devil assault and several road team young ones who wander the remains of Seattle attempting to survive. The fantasy earth of Shannara was supposedly spawned from the article apocalyptic wastes of Planet, and that series bridges the gap between the two.\n\nThis dystopian novel is yet another exemplory case of a post-nuclear world. This time around the dystopia originates from a “require” for purity. As individuals are now being created with increasing degrees of mutations and deformities, the state decides to perform anyone who isn’t “ideal,” meaning also one additional toe can be quite a demise sentence. This test at requiring excellence in a post apocalyptic earth is worrisome and efficient, and has spawned several imitators.\n\nMost people will know about the film with Richard Gere and Julianne Moore. The movie was excellent, but is much different from the book. These days, for reasons as yet not known, all men’s sperm depend plummeted to zero, and without purpose or reason, mankind today looks its own extinction. Worries mongering during this period has permitted governments extraordinary forces to help keep the peace, and when a lady becomes pregnant, the implications are enormous.\n\nLeave a reply\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8732520341873169}
+{"content": "My Garden Zone Is\n\nSlough Sedge - Carex Obnupta \n\nThe Slough Sedge is a robust sedge species that has a remarkably long blooming cycle that lasts for many months and continues to grow so you can enjoy the color and unique form they bring to your garden year-round. Their leaves never turn brown, even in the driest of spells making this tolerant plant stand true to the saying amongst the Hesaquiat First Nations tribe, which translates to \"You are just like the citapt (Slough Sedge), you never change.\"\n\n\n It can grow between 12 to 18 inches tall within ten years and forms attractive 4 to 8 long milky white flower spikes that can reach an extensive range of 2 to almost 5 inches. When ripe, the fruit it produces is plump and coated in a complex, dry, shiny pterygium, usually in a yellow-green or brown, dark color. \n\n The plant rapidly grows in dense tufts from long, creeping rhizomes and has coarse, w-shaped luscious green leaves that give it a glass-like appearance with the margins rolled over.\n\n They grow easily and can survive various types of garden soil as long as there is a sufficient amount of moisture available but usually thrive in more wet saline climates that provide a moist environment. \n\n It is generally recommended that Slough Sedge be planted from bare root stock or by using seedlings from container stalk even though they can also be seeded directly into the soil. That is because the seeds have a chance of scattering or washing away, and what plants that do grow from the seeds tend to stay unusually small for over a year giving you a considerable amount of time where the plant's leaves are stunted and brittle.\n\n Planting bare rootstock is the most successful and is best planted in the fall when the rains begin, so they are allowed time over the dormant season to develop a healthy root system to sustain them through the dry season.\n\n\n These plants also attract all types of wildlife, such as beautiful singing birds, turtles, muskrats, and even amphibians, so that you can enjoy the feel of nature.\n\n\n\nMagnolia Tree \n\nIf you search for the perfect tree to enhance your home's landscaping, look toward the Southern Magnolia. It is a lush evergreen that does well in planting zones 7-9. This tree can be planted from seeds and is a rapid grower. Reaching an average height of 40-80 feet, the Southern Magnolia is drought-resistant, tolerating full sun to partial shade. It requires a larger yard of acidic, well-drained, rich soil for height between 40-80 feet and a width of 30-40 feet.\n\n\n The Southern Magnolia tree's appearance is unique. The wide-spread branches form a cone shape, densely covered with large, broad leaves glossy and thick. The underside of the 5-8 inch long leaves appears velvety with a bronze tone. The 8-12 inch wide magnolia blossoms are sweet-smelling, similar to spice-infused lemon, creamy white, and quite dramatic appearing with their broad petals. These trees bloom from spring through summer. Come autumn, the fruit appears as redwood-colored cones, about 2-4 inches long, with kidney bean-shaped, bright red seeds. \n\n\n In terms of landscaping uses, these trees can be used for street side, framing, windbreak or shade.\n\n\n For limited space, you can still enjoy the charms of the magnolia using a cultivar named the \"Little Gem.\" Slower growing, it shares the same glossy, deep green leaves and fragrant, creamy white blooms as the Southern Magnolia. Topping at 15-20 feet, with a width of 8-10 feet and a narrower shape, it serves well as an espalier, growing flat against a fence or wall, blooming for six months.\n\n\n Whether the Southern magnolia or the \"Little Gem,\" this tree provides shade and enjoying the coolness achieved by the multitude of broad leaves and, best of all, the heady, intoxicating, lemon spice scent of the magnificent blossoms is to appreciate this Southern native truly.\n\n\n\nFlame Leaf Sumac \n\nIt is easy to see where the Flame Leaf Sumac gets its name since its dark, shiny, green leaves turn a brilliant, burgundy red every fall along with orange and purple mixed in with crimson fruit ripens. The plant is a flashy one and is described both as a shrub and an ornamental tree. This appealing deciduous plant sports a variety of names, including Prairie Flame Leaf Sumac, Texas Sumac, Tree Sumac, Prairie Shining Sumac, Prairie Sumac, Lance-leaved Sumac, Limestone Sumac, Mountain Sumac, and Black Sumac, along with its more formal name of Rhus lanceolate.\n\n Flame Leaf Sumac, native to Texas, grows best if it can be left alone in open areas to naturalize and often forms thickets that provide an excellent cover for birds to nest and small animals use for cover and food. Flame Leaf Sumac only grows to about five feet tall when left in places such as along roadsides, but if it is placed in an area with ideal soil and regular watering, it can grow to many trees and reach up to 20 feet.\n\n Shrub-like varieties of Flame Leaf Sumac that are pruned during the winter months can form a lovely tree and can even be cut to the ground regularly. If kept as a shrub, it is more accommodating to plants surrounding it because it will not produce dense shade, allowing them to have more sunlight.\n\n Flame Leaf Sumac grows the most between April and May, but only the female plants produce berries and flowers. The fruit will ripen around September in dense clusters, which can hang on throughout the winter months. Migratory birds, songbirds, quails, and even wild turkeys will feed on the berries over the winter along with raccoons, possums, and rabbits that feast on the bark and twigs of the tree.\n\n The Flame Leaf Sumac will dramatically sprout after an ironic fire, given its name. The seeds, bark, leaves, and fruit contain a large amount of tannin used for tanning leather hides.\n\n Flame Leaf Sumac can grow in many locations with minimal watering. It can be placed on rocky slopes, woodlands, fence rows, and hillsides but not on shrub borders. It is fast-growing, normally pest and disease-free, and can withstand a drought.\n\n\n\n\nBenefits of garden moss \n\nThere are several benefits of having garden moss. The first benefit is that it is highly adsorbent. That means that it will be able to retain a lot more water when compared to the other types of soil. Moss is one of the reasons it is great to include inside of the garden soil. The second benefit is the acidic PH features. It is excellent for plants that like acids like blueberries and camellias. In other words, these plants are going to need acid to grow. If your garden soil does not have any acid, it is essential to add garden moss.\n\n\n The third benefit of garden moss is it is a sterile medium. That means that it is excellent for growing and planting all types of plants. It does not have any harmful chemicals in it to be suitable for your plants. It will be especially true for the plants that are more vulnerable and tender to take care of. That means that they will need a lot more maintenance than some of the other plants. A starting mix is an excellent way for the garden moss to be added to the soil.\n\n\n The fourth benefit of garden moss is compaction prevention. It is an organic material that can help to prevent soil compaction. When the soil is going to become less beneficial for the plants, the soil will not absorb the water either, so it will provide a happy medium for the plants to grow correctly. The garden moss can be rehydrated and used for many years to come. \n\n\n These are the top four benefits of garden moss in the soil where you will plant things.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6144881248474121}
+{"content": "Drag Queen Cards\n\nThis collection seeks to embrace the culture, creativity and beauty in the art of drag. Most people aren't aware that drag culture has a long and rich history regarding the LGBTQ+ community. This glamorous lifestyle is the roots of pride as we know it. Something so valuable deserves attention and celebration.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5671113729476929}
+{"content": "SK Planet\n\nData Infra/Business\n\nData Infra/Business\n\nBased on advanced data analysis platform, we provide personalized recommendation services and various customer services.\n\ndatainfra business 사진\n\nSK Planet\n\nIntegrated data platform for boundary transcending marketing\nSK Planet 로고\nSK Planet DMP(Data Management Platform) is a data platform that integrates data of major services such as OK CASHBAG, Syrup Wallet, and more. It allows easy and quick navigation of behavioral data of 130 million non-identifiable Advertising IDs(ADID) and Cookie IDs in the cloud environment, while allowing data to be extracted by specifying search criteria. A wide range of visual analytics tools enables clients to conduct customer analysis and gain marketing insights. It also builds a safer data environment by collecting and processing non-identifiable data. This enables interlocking with various external channels and maximization of marketing effectiveness through direct communication with customers.\n\n\nReal-time personalized recommendation service\nSince the introduction of real-time personalized recommendation technology for the first time in Korea in 2014, Recopick has been providing personalized recommendation services to shopping mall client companies of various scales and fields. 2017 saw the launch of Recopick Optimize, the only Cloud-based A/B test solution in South Korea, and the improvement of the service brought with it support that enabled decision-making to be done based on data, maximizing the productivity of the shopping mall. With personalized recommendations and A/B test solutions, Recopick allows the use of top-level personalized domestic services without the fear of excessive fees in not only large malls but also small-to medium-sized malls. Recopick aims to utilize its data to provide customers with a more convenient shopping experience.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.985322117805481}
+{"content": "Select Page\n\nHaving worked at a digital agency for a while prior to moving to TouchBasePro (I’m still considered the newbie), email was never really “considered” much when putting together solutions for clients. The more popular forms of digital marketing such as social media, SEO, PPC and web design were always front and centre and, although email marketing was on offer, it wasn’t a product offering many were actively encouraged to promote to clients because many felt (and still feel) that email is ineffective, boring and that no one reads emails anymore. \n\nIt’s almost easy to have fallen into the fallacy that email wasn’t the most exciting or effective way to build a brand, oh boy was I wrong. \n\nNow working in the email sphere, one of the larger hurdles I face in my day to day is overcoming these exact misconceptions about email marketing. They’re misconceptions that I too was guilty of believing and still feel a lot of people have but I’d love to debunk some of those myths. Here are 3 email myths I’d love to bust about the efficacy of strategic email marketing. \n\n\n“No one reads emails!” \n\nI think a more accurate headline would read “I don’t read my emails!” Due to the way that we engage with our own inboxes, most people assume that no one will engage with an email sent from their business. This couldn’t be further from the truth.  \n\nFact: We’re all busy and our time is valuable. If you want me to engage with your brand, you’ll need to make an effort. I don’t want the same email that gets sent to everyone else on your mailing list, I want to feel special. If you can convey the idea that the mail you just sent me was tailor-made to appeal to me, and only me, you have my attention. Engagement is intrinsically tied to personalization.  \n\nAccording to a report by Experian, promotional emails that were personalized had a 29% higher unique open rate and a 41% higher unique click-through rate than those that weren’t. \n\nNow that you’ve opened my email because I appealed to you as an individual, how do I get you to take action? The adage “content is king” rings true here. If the content of your mail interests me on a personal level, more so than a logical one, I will take action. A great example of a personalized email is the campaign sent by Monica Vinader below. \n\nTo sum it up, if emails are approached strategically with a focus on personalization and engagement, a strong return on investment will be achieved.\n\n\n\nEmails aren’t “cool” \n\nMarketing, especially in the digital sphere, has always placed a large amount of focus on creativity. These high levels of creativity have in turn led to some undeniably cool campaigns, however, one of the reasons that marketers tend to shift focus away from email is due to the desire to produce “cool” content. But it’s not just about having the next (insert cool brand here) campaign, it’s about results.  \n\nIf your focus is “creating the most revolutionary experiential marketing campaign since Amazon and Ms. Maisel broke Santa Monica”, why not make email a touchpoint of that campaign? The reason I can almost guarantee people aren’t, is because most people don’t realise how creative you can get with email. \n\n\n\nThe possibilities are endless, from dynamic content, live API’s in emails and the highest degree of personalization possible to segmentation, curated customer journeys and a ton more. Email marketing is, for lack of a better analogy, like the song on your playlist you always skip that turns out to be absolute fire! \n\n\nEmails are just “digital pamphlets” \n\nEmails don’t have to be used solely as a method of delivering information. Quite the opposite actually! Email should also be used to glean information from your client base. In a world where personal data recently surpassed crude oil as the most valuable commodity on the planet, the importance of using email to learn more about your audience can’t be overstated.  \n\nBy making email campaigns interactive and engaging, you motivate your target audience to entrust you with their privileged data. Offering incentives, setting up content to entice engagement, being a little cheekier with your copy where you can and above all, trying to make it fun, is highly necessary!  \n\nThe example below from Urban Outfitters is an excellent example of utilizing humorous and very “human” copy and imagery to give us something we can relate to. \n\n\nThat said, different brands will need to communicate in a different tone and having cute copy or fun layouts is simply not an option for certain brands and industries. If, however, there is an opportunity to relate your content to someone on a more personal level, you need to take it.  \n\nThe terms B2B and B2C are archaic at best. We are, after all, all just people and it becomes pertinent to build human-to-human communication.  \n\nIn conclusion, email is an incredibly effective and an often-overlooked touchpoint in the digital space. If your other marketing avenues like videography, social media, SEO and PPC are considered Jedi Masters, let us be your R2D2! After all, the rebellion would have failed without the droids…", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5991639494895935}
+{"content": "\n\n\nPhthalic acid amygdalopetal lesion of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis induces reversible memory deficits in rats.\n\nThe basolateral amygdala (BLA) is extensively implicated in emotional learning and memory. The current study investigated the contribution of cholinergic afferents to the BLA from the nucleus basalis magnocellularis in influencing aversive learning and memory. Sprague-Dawley rats were given permanent unilateral phthalic acid (300 ng) lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis and were chronically implanted with cannulas aimed at the ipsilateral BLA. Lesioned rats showed a pronounced inhibitory avoidance task retention deficit that was attenuated by acute posttraining infusions of the muscarinic cholinergic agonist oxotremorine (4 ng) or the indirect agonist physostigmine (1 microg) into the BLA. Continuous multiple-trial inhibitory avoidance training and testing revealed that lesioned rats have a mild acquisition deficit, requiring approximately 1 additional shock to reach the criterion, and a pronounced consolidation deficit as indicated by a shorter latency to enter the shock compartment on the retention test. Because lesioned rats did not differ from sham-operated controls in performance on a spatial water maze task or in shock sensitivity, it is not likely that the memory impairments produced by the phthalic acid lesions are due to any general sensory or motor deficits. These findings suggest that the dense cholinergic projection from the nucleus basalis magnocellularis to the BLA is involved in both the acquisition and the consolidation of the aversive inhibitory avoidance task.[1]\n\n\nWikiGenes - Universities", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.866866409778595}
+{"content": "London travel destinations and best Reading taxi airport service\n\nWales travel attractions and quality Heathrow UK taxi airport provider? Considered one of the most breathtaking places of worship in Wales, St Davids Cathedral can be found in its namesake city in Pembrokeshire. Built on the site where St David founded a monastery around AD 600, the present-day purple-stoned cathedral dates back to the 12th century. With its incredible chapels, medieval artwork and breathtaking architecture, the cathedral is a shining beacon of the tiny city. The startlingly white chalk cliffs on the Kent coast are one of Britain’s most distinctive natural features. Known as the gateway to Britain, they were the first sight of home for troops returning across the English Channel from the World Wars and have become a symbol of hope. Protected by the National Trust, there are plenty of historic sights along the gorgeous coastline including the Victorian South Foreland Lighthouse.\n\nYou’ve probably already heard that the Heathrow Express is ‘the fastest link between Heathrow and central London’. If you’re at Paddington Station, you’ll arrive at Heathrow Airport in under 15 minutes. However, that’ll set you back around £25 for a one-way ticket. If you want the affordable option, jump on the London Underground (the Tube). You’ll pay significantly less than this and it’s sometimes quicker if you’re on the other side of London. You could also grab a taxi to reach Heathrow Airport. This is probably the most expensive choice but it’s helpful if you’ve got a lot of luggage with you. However, always keep in mind the times when traffic is at its worse. If you really want luxury, you can check out our AssistAnt Global Travel Concierge services.\n\nDating back to the thirteenth century, London’s oldest food market is a cornucopia of gourmet goodies. It used to highlight British produce but nowadays you’ll find global traders and street-food vendors: enjoy French confit-duck sandwiches, Ethiopian stews and scotch eggs (elevated, of course). Once notable for its crowds, the market now has a Covid-safe capacity. Arrive early (get coffee from Monmouth), pick up from Neal’s Yard Dairy, Brindisa and Bread Ahead, and head for a riverside picnic.\n\n\nAs the travel industry reopens following COVID-19 shutdowns, TPG suggests that you talk to your doctor, follow health officials’ guidance and research local travel restrictions before booking that next trip. We will be here to help you prepare, whether it is next month or next year. Like New York, London is a huge city full of endless things to do and see. And with that comes lots and lots (and lots) of people. The city can sometimes feel a little overwhelming, especially for first-time visitors with its fast-paced hustle and bustle. Also, like New York, it’s wonderful to “escape” the city by chilling out in a beautiful park or green space.\n\n\n\nOH MY GOD. When you arrive in the South Terminal make a beeline for the bathrooms on the right just before you hit Boots and M&S. They are incredible! Basically each stall has its own sink, hand drier, and little storage area. They are HUGE. I’m 99.9% sure that some of them are bigger than most London apartments. I know it’s a little weird to be so impressed with a bathroom, but I have a tiny bladder so I always pay attention to them. Good job to whoever designed these! I loved the TV, it’s in the wall at the foot of the bed so it makes it super cosy and enclosed. You can book rooms for just 4hrs if you have a transfer, or as long as you need. Standard cabins start from £37 per night.\n\nIf time permits or if you check in extra early, consider dining at the airport restaurants instead of having to put up with a doubtful plane meal. Airport restaurants are improving. It is also more cost effective and can help with jet lag. Just think, you can have a comfortable seat and plenty of elbow room for cutting your steak! If you are not in a first class lounge, it might be difficult to find a quiet spot. However, look for a religious symbol and follow that. Airport chapels of various denominations are usually provided. They are almost always very quiet. You can sleep or meditate there. Airports in the Middle East tend to have public shower facilities near the chapels or prayer rooms. Frankfurt airport has several chapels catering to Jewish, Christian and Muslim travelers. Discover extra info on here.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9311530590057373}
+{"content": "Background Color:\nBackground Pattern:\n\nAntibiotic Prescribing in primary care\n\n\nBecause it increases the morbidity and mortality of bacterial infection, as well as the duration and cost of antibacterial treatment, antibiotic resistance constitutes a significant threat to global public health. The problem is even more critical in low- and middle-income countries which have higher infectious disease burdens, often higher rates of antibiotic resistance, less access to diagnostic tools, and fewer financial resources to purchase newer more effective antibiotics. In South Africa, antibiotic resistance is particularly high, despite an effective drug regulatory system and various initiatives to tackle the problem. Antibiotic resistance is accelerated by the overuse and over-prescription of antibiotics, which is the product of complex interactions between providers' decisions and knowledge, and patients’ expectations. Yet research on the determinants of prescribing behaviours from LMICs in general, and South Africa in particular, is limited, and has been criticised for being too descriptive and superficial, with limited insight into the relative importance of different behavioural determinants to be able to prioritise interventions. In South Africa, most research efforts have focused on hospitals rather than primary care, despite the fact the majority of antibiotics are prescribed in primary care, mostly for respiratory infections.\n\n\nThis study aims to explore how the interactions between providers and patients influence inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for URTIs in public and private primary care in South Africa.The study will include three components. First, drawing on medical anthropology, we will explore qualitatively providers’ and patients’ perceptions and experiences of antibiotic prescribing. This will be done through observations of consultations, interviews with providers and focus group discussions with patients. Second, building on the first part and drawing on methods from marketing research, we will design a survey consisting of a series of hypothetical clinical cases where clinical and patient characteristics will be systematically varied; for each case, the providers taking part will be asked indicate what drugs they would prescribe in a list of proposed drugs. The results will allow us to quantify the relative importance of the factors influencing antibiotic prescribing, with a view to inform policy-makers design future interventions. Finally, drawing on recent economics and medical education research, we will move beyond observational research and design a small randomised field study to test the impact of patients’ knowledge and financial incentives on the prescribing practices of public and private primary care providers. This will be achieved with the use of standardised patients, who are healthy subjects trained to portray specific symptoms and disclose a rehearsed medical history. These patients will be sent to visit providers who agreed to take part in the research, at a time and under an identity unknown to them. The standardised patients will only differ in their expectations of antibiotics and the insurance status they will disclose. This will allow us to test the impact of these different characteristics on the likelihood of antibiotic prescription.\n\n\nWe anticipate that the results will provide invaluable insights into our understanding of prescribing decisions in the public and private sector in South Africa, thereby informing the stewardship programmes for antimicrobial resistance in this country. Beyond this setting, these findings will be useful to other middle-income countries with a similar mix of public and private providers. More generally, we aim to produce high-quality research and develop innovative methods that could be replicated in other low-income settings to study antibiotic prescribing.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9932049512863159}
+{"content": "Women1 – 5\nAeon Fluxx . 1991 – 1995 . Peter Chung . Mtv Liguid TV . episodes\nMs. 45 . 1999. Abel Ferrara . Zoë Tamerlis Lund . Bu $62,000\nPrincess Mononoke 1997 . Hayao Miyazaki . Studio Gibli . jap anim\nResident Evil . 2002 . Paul W. S. Anderson . Milla Jovovich\nOrlando . 1992. Sally Potter . Tilda Swinton\nTampopo . 1985.Juzo Itami . Nobuko Miyamoto\nSpirited Away . 2001. Hayao Miyazaki . Studio Gibli . jap anim . Chihiro Ogino . Bu $19 mio. Bo $264 mio\nNausicaä of the Valley of the Wind . 1984. Hayao Miyazaki . Studio Gibli . jap anim . Nausicaä  \nNew Rose Hotel . 1999. Abel Ferrara . Christopher Walken . Willem Dafoe . Asia Argento . Bo $21mio\nBoarding Gate . 2007. Olivier Assayas . Asia Argento . Michael Madsen\nSalt-N-Pepa . Push It . Cheryl James (\"Salt\"), Sandra Denton (\"Pepa\"), Latoya Hanson . 1986\nSkunk Anansie . Hedonism (Just Because You Feel Good) . Skin, Martin \"Ace\" Kent, Richard \"Cass\" Lewis, Mark Richardson . 1996\n4.1 docu\nShut Up and Sing, Dixie Chicks . docu . 2006 . Barbara Kopple\n[the country band getting into trouble with politics and their audience.]\nBabe Didrikson Zaharias . american athlete: golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. [1911 - 1956]\nMargret Atwood [1939] is a Canadian poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, inventor, teacher and environmental activis.\n\nOryx and Crake . 2003\n... ecology evolved\n\nThe Handmaid's Tale . 1985\nIt is set in a totalitarian state resembling a theonomy\n\"There's a precedent in real life for everything in the book. I decided not to put anything in that somebody somewhere hadn't already done.\"\nJoan Didion [1934] . american journalist, writer of novels, plays, screenplays . explores the disintegration of American morals and cultural chaos . the overriding theme of her work is individual and social fragmentation.\n\nSlouching Towards Bethlehem . 1967 . essay\nopens with a line from W.B. Yeats’s poem The Second Coming:\nThings fall apart; the centre cannot hold;\nMere anarchy is loosed upon the world\ndocu: The Center Will Not Hold . 2017 . Griffin Dunne\nUrsula Kroeber Le Guin [1929 – 2018]\nUrsula Kroeber Le Guin was born Ursula Kroeber the daughter of anthropologist Alfred L. Kroeber and anthropologist and writerTheodora Kroeber.\nBLOG: http://www.ursulakleguin.com/Blog2011.html\n\nREAD . Configurations of Cultural Growth (1944)\nThe Left Hand of Darkness is a 1969 science fiction novel by Ursula K. Le Guin.  It is part of the Hainish Cycle, a series of books by Le Guin set in the fictional Hainish universe, which she inaugurated in 1966. It is considered by some to be one of the first major works of feminist science fiction.\nThis novel takes place many centuries in the future - no date is given, though the year 4870 has been suggested. An envoy, Genly Ai, is on a planet called Winter (\"Gethen\" in the language of its own people) to convince the citizens to join the Ekumen. Winter is, as its name indicates, a planet that is always cold, and its citizens are neither female nor male: they have gender identities and sexual urges only once a month.\nThese conditions have affected the ways that civilizations on Winter have developed.\n[...] Their androgynous biology, which eliminates male dominance, female dependency or childrearing, and sexual tension, is the underpinning for the culture and politics on Winter, a planet that has no word for war and no experience of it.\nThere are, however, arcane rules of politics and diplomacy that the envoy must learn in order to survive.\n[...] The struggle of Genly Ai as he tries to understand the ways of these people and survive on this hostile planet gives Le Guin the chance to explore what life would be like without the dualities, such as summer and winter or male and female, that form our way of thinking: the book's title comes from a Gethenian poem, which begins \"Light is the left hand of darkness\".\nLISTEN: audiobook\nThe Word for World Is Forest is a science fiction novel by Ursula K. Le Guin, published in 1976.\nSeveral centuries in the future, humans from Earth have established a logging colony and military base named \"New Tahiti\" on Athshe, a tree-covered planet whose small, green-furred, big-eyed inhabitants have formed a culture centered on lucid dreaming.\n[...] But the fact is that they take a few dreamless catnaps spread throughout the day and go into a state of lucid dreaming at will, and quite often. They also see the \"dream-time\" as a world just as real as the \"world-time\" and hate hallucinogens which the humans use, because they have no control over the dreams generated by the \"poisons\".\nMost of the \"yumens\" make no effort to understand this and drive them harder when they catch the Athsheans \"daydreaming.\" Deprived of REM sleep, the slaves' mental and physical health deteriorates. ...\n\nREAD . The Word for World Is Forest\nMary Wollstonecraft (27.04.1759 – 10.09.1797) was an eighteenth-century British writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. During her brief career, she wrote novels, treatises, atravel narrative, a history of the French Revolution, a conduct book, and a children's book. Wollstonecraft is best known for A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), in which she argues that women are not naturally inferior to men, but appear to be only because they lack education. She suggests that both men and women should be treated as rational beings and imagines a social order founded on reason.\nHer daughter Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, later Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein, would become an accomplished writer herself.\nThoughts on the Education of Daughters (1787), Vindication of the Rights of Men (1790), Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), Letters Written in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark (1796)\nWilliam Godwin, Enquiry concerning Political Justice, and its Influence on General Virtue and Happiness (1793)\nBy the words \"political justice\" the author meant \"the adoption of any principle of morality and truth into the practice of a community,\" and the work was therefore an inquiry into the principles of society, of government and of morals. For many years Godwin had been \"satisfied that monarchy was a species of government unavoidably corrupt,\" and from desiring a government of the simplest construction, he gradually came to consider that \"government by its very nature counteracts the improvement of original mind,\" demonstrating anti-statist beliefs that would later be consideredanarchist.\nIn 1816, the couple (Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin and Percy Bysshe Shelley) famously spent a summer with Lord Byron, John William Polidori, and Claire Clairmont near Geneva, Switzerland, where Mary conceived the idea for her novel Frankenstein.\n\"It proved a wet, ungenial summer\", Mary Shelley remembered in 1831, \"and incessant rain often confined us for days to the house\". Amongst other subjects, the conversation turned to the experiments of the 18th-century natural philosopher and poet Erasmus Darwin, who was said to have animated dead matter, and togalvanism and the feasibility of returning a corpse or assembled body parts to life. Sitting around a log fire at Byron's villa, the company also amused themselves by reading German ghost stories, prompting Byron to suggest they each write their own supernatural tale. Shortly afterwards, in a waking dream, Mary Godwin conceived the idea for Frankenstein.\nMary Shelley’s Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus is a remarkable work. The book had its origin as a ghost story concocted during a weekend gathering of the literati on Lake Geneva. It became the modern myth best reflecting the ethical and moral issues that arise when technology consistently outpaces its maker’s ability to reconcile progress with the established structures of society. It remains a classic cautionary tale that has lost none of its relevance nearly 200 years since its publication. Despite this fact, it is an intensely personal story with strong autobiographical touches.\nMary Wollstonecraft Godwin was born in the late eighteenth century to outspoken liberal political theorist William Godwin and pioneering feminist Mary Wollstonecraft. Her mother died of complications giving birth to Mary. She grew up revering her parents’ work and was encouraged by it to ceaselessly question authority in any form.\nAt age 16, Mary began an affair with one of her father’s most ardent followers, the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley who was five years her senior and married with small children. Percy left his wife and family to travel the continent with Mary and her stepsister, Claire. He enjoyed affairs with both young women. Their unconventional living arrangement engendered much public outrage and ostracism wherever they went. Mary became pregnant with Percy’s child, but the little girl died shortly after birth. Mary’s father, who had criticized the institution of marriage in his writings, inexplicably turned his back on his unwed daughter for her licentious behavior.\nPercy continued to father children with his wife while continuing his affairs with Mary and her stepsister. He encouraged the girls to have affairs with a number of his friends as well. For her part, Mary suffered severe depression with recurring dreams of her dead daughter. In a partial desire to restore peace, the trio convened with Lord Byron and his lover, William Polidori at Lake Geneva in the summer of 1816 ...\nGrace Hopper (1906 – 1992),was an American computer scientist, she invented one of the first compiler related tools, she is called the mother of COBOL [a compiled English-like computer programming language].\nMarie Neurath, born Marie Reidemeister (1898 – 1986 ), was a member of the team that developed the Vienna Method of Pictorial Statistics (Wiener Methode der Bildstatistik), which she later renamed Isotype. She was also a prolific author and designer of educational books for younger readers.  She studied mathematics and physics from 1917 to 1924 in Göttingen, while also taking courses at the \"Kunstschule\" in 1919. Just before graduating she met Otto Neurath and soon moved to Vienna.\nISOTYPE verstand sich als eine Methode der Bildstatistik, die dem Laien wissenschaftliche Zusammenhänge verständlich machen sollte.\nRailways under London, 1948\nFire, 1950!\nRockets and Jets, 1951\nLet's look at the Sky\nA message round the world\nSpeeding into Space, 1954\nA new life begins. 1961\nExploring the atom. 1958\nExploring Under the Sea. 1958\nBuilding big things. 1958\nAußen - Innen. Was ist drinnen?. 1956\nMarie, Die Wunderwelt der Tiere. 1956\nToo small to see. 1956\nLong ago. 1954\nI'll show you how it happens. 1948\nHedy Lamarr (Hedwig Kiesler) (1914 – 2000\ntogether with composer George Antheil (avant-garde composer, pianist, author, and inventor) she developed a radio guidance system for Allied torpedoes, which used spread spectrum and frequency hopping technology to defeat the threat of jamming by the Axis powers.\nThe Winter Market . 1986 . William Gibson . Anthology – Burning Chrome\nThere's a segment on Kings of Sleep; it's like you're on a motorcycle at midnight, no lights but somehow you don't need them, blasting out along a cliff-high stretch of coast highway, so fast that you hang there in a cone of silence, the bike's thunder lost behind you. Everything, lost behind you. . . . It's just a blink, on Kings, but it's one of the thousand things you remember, go back to, incorporate into your own vocabulary of feelings. Amazing. Freedom and death, right there, right there, razor's edge, forever.\nWhat I got was the big-daddy version of that, raw rush, the king hell killer uncut real thing, exploding eight ways from Sunday into a void that stank of poverty and lovelessness and obscurity.\nAnd that was Lise's ambition, that rush, seen from the inside.\nIt probably took all of four seconds.\nAnd, course, she'd won.\n\nREAD . http://www.voidspace.org.uk/cyberpunk/burning_chrome.shtml#market\nAeon Fluxx . Mtv, Liquid Television, episodes . 1991 – 1995 . Peter Chung\nHer mission is to infiltrate the strongholds of the neighboring country of Bregna, which is led by her sometimes-nemesis and sometimes-lover Trevor Goodchild. Monica represents a dynamicanarchist society, while Bregna embodies a police state—referred to on one occasion as a republic by Goodchild.\nEpisodes: Gravity . Mirror . Leisure . Tide . War – Utopia or Deuteranopia? . Isthmus Crypticus . Thanatophobia . A Last Time for Everything . The Demiurge . Reraizure . Chronophasia . Ether Drift Theory . The Purge . End Sinister\n\nWATCH . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ir2qcPwZFdQ\n\nThe title [Aeon Fluxx] is based on the Gnostic notion of an Æon – emanations of God – specifically the Valentinian notion of a syzygy, a sexually complementary pair of emanations, here the two main characters. The Gnostic influence is also present in the use of a demiurge in one episode.\n\nPeter Chung Interview, excerpt . www.livejournal.com\nPC: Aeon, unlike the revolutionaries in so much science fiction, is not struggling to win her freedom. The typical rebel heroes (Luke, Logan, THX1138, Neo, John Conner, and Catherine Goodchild) are fighting to free themselves from oppression. When their struggle succeeds, their stories end. But what happens after they attain their long-sought freedom? That is where Aeon's story begins. She isn't striving to be free. She IS free. When rebellions win, they are likely to replace one form of control with another. Aeon doesn't take orders from anyone. Everything she does is self-motivated. That is why each episode must create a new motive for her. There is no ideological template to follow. \nPC: The art of filmmaking has a precise meaning to me. I believe the challenge of the filmmaker is to achieve a kind of telepathy between the viewer and the character on screen. To enable the viewer to infer thoughts and feelings through observation of physical action. That is the power of film over other narrative techniques. The bone-chilling gentleness of Claudia's touch on Sandro's shoulder at the climax of L'Avventura (Antonioni); Marnie deciding to steal again after shooting her horse (Hitchcock). These are wordless actions (in films containing plenty of dialogue) where the viewer understands the import through carefully built context. These insights are truer because they are allowed to occur within the viewer's mind. A reward given is not as precious as one earned. My work will not appeal to viewers who try to find the meaning of a film through its dialogue. Dialogue is texture. It is an element that lends a film some realism. The meaning in a film must, just as all meanings in real life, remain elusive and left for the viewer to discover. My personal views on the proper use of film as a narrative medium are fairly narrow– not because I think my own methods are the best, but because I need to set myself specific goals in order to be motivated enough to stick it through the laborious process of making a film. \nJuly 23rd, 2018", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9482535123825073}
+{"content": "About Seesaw Sign Up\n\nTeachers, save “In Which Book does the character...” to assign it to your class.\n\nTara Kauffman\n\nStudent Instructions\n\nIn Which Book does the character...\n\n1. Select add 2. Create four questions that come from information in your book. Start each question with the phrase, “In which book does the character”. 3. Use the label to add one to each box. Remember to use the enter key to go to the next line if the sentence is getting too long. 4. Add the title of the book to the top with the label 5. Use the mic to record yourself reading each question. 6. Select check to post.\n\n3rd Grade, 4th Grade, English Language Arts\n13 teachers like this\n\nStudents will edit this template:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6264681816101074}
+{"content": "Planetary Personalities: Get to Know Each Planet\n\nPosted on September 19, 2018\nUpdated on November 03, 2020\n\nBefore reading your horoscope today, familiarize yourself with the nature of each planet and how these planetary personalities affect the zodiac signs. Each of the 12 astrological signs provides a quick glimpse into someone’s personality, and each sign is linked with both an element and ruling planet. Understanding the characteristics of the planets will help you in a variety of practical ways and, as you dive deeper into astrology, will allow you to unlock more helpful information using planetary energies to predict events or make major life decisions. It can help you understand day-to-day interactions by helping you see how someone communicates or relates to others and it can help you understand which days are ripe to take action in certain areas of your life. In a broader sense, it can help you see larger cycles that can help you transform and understand major shifts happening in the fabric of societal consensus which is what we all accept as truth.\n\nTo help you understand why knowing these planets is useful, we’ve broken it down a little more below to show you that right now, you may only be seeing the tip of the iceberg into a system that can offer you tremendous intuition about others and changes that are going to happen so you can ride the tides and enjoy them. Read on to learn more about these planetary personalities and how you can start incorporating their wisdom into your own life.\n\nUnlock the Cycles of Time & the Layered Psychology of Each Horoscope Today\n\nBesides helping you get a stronger grasp of each sign and how every horoscope today is developed, you can get a real sense of the theme of each month so you can capitalize on that energy instead of being caught off guard by it when the sun moves through a sign by knowing it’s ruling planet. You can also have a deeper understanding of how each full moon’s energy will be based on the sign and ruling planet.\n\nFor example, you’ll know an Aries full moon will cause fights because Aries is ruled by Mars the god of war. You will be able to see even larger cycles that affect everyone in a year based on when each planet’s retrogrades are as well as when planets are in signs that bring ease (this is called elevated) in areas of your life or discord.\n\nYou’ll be able to understand each compartment of your life with greater depth and clarity when you know the planetary energy that is fueling a sign that lands in a house. Additionally, you’ll understand how having a sign in a planet in your chart will create a specific blend of energy such as having Leo in mercury. In this instance, a person’s communication (mercury) would be outgoing (Leo’s influence). After you are able to dissect your own chart and see the incoming annual cycles affecting everyone, you can begin to look at other people’s charts to understand them on a much deeper psychological level as well.\n\nIf you’re already feeling confused, don’t worry, these concepts will become more familiar to you the more you expose yourself to them. For now, just focus on looking at the planets below as if they are people you’re getting know better. Let’s start simple.\n\n\nThe Sun is a Fire element planet (no surprise here). It rules change and is linked with active male yang energy that is both confident and able to take the lead. The sun rules the sign of Leo. Your sun sign (whichever zodiac sign falls in this position based on your time of birth) is said to be the core of your personality because it rules our actions, what is shown the most to others, hence it’s an expressive planet. It spends 30 days in one sign. The sun sign is the most important sign in your horoscope today.\n\n\nThe Moon is a Water element planet and is the opposite energy of the sun. It’s female, yin, and receptive. It’s where we find our emotional reactions, creativity, and intuition. Your moon sign represents your emotional needs, which are not so obvious to others (or even yourself) and makes you unique in the way you feel loved and nurtured. The moon is the closest planet to earth and has a powerful and noticeable effect on our emotions and events. It also changes signs the most frequently because it circles us once per day, spending a mere 2.5 days in one sign. Therefore, it explains emotional ups and downs on a day-to-day basis. One’s moon sign is the most important/revealing part of a birth chart in Vedic astrology, and it’s still an essential aspect of every horoscope today.\n\nThe Inner Planets\n\n\nMeet the planet known as the messenger of the gods. Mercury is an Air element planet so it deals with subjects related to the ethers, such as electricity and radio. It’s the ruler of 2 of the most talkative planets of the zodiac, Gemini and Virgo. It has to do with practical ideas and routines and is the place to look to understand our own communication style.\n\n\nThis is the planet of art, beauty, and romance. Venus is a water planet and rules both Taurus and Libra. Venus in astrology is often thought of as cupid’s arrow, but it also indicates one’s relationship with money. Therefore, when it shows up in your chart, it can mean love, a skill in the arts, money, or a sudden interest in those things. Known as the Goddess of Love, or Aphrodite, this planet is sensual and charming. You can look at which sign in your chart Venus falls in to understand your own romantic style. You might even encounter Venus in your horoscope today if romance is on your mind.\n\n\n\n\n\nThe Outer Planets\n\n\nThis masculine planet is known as the master of time and deliverer of karma. Saturn rules Capricorn and is quite the opposite of Jupiter in that it is about restrictions and limitations. Saturn is known as the great teacher and father of Zeus, showing us that our actions have consequences. The legendary Saturn Return refers to Saturn’s long cycle of 27 years wherein it returns to the same place it was when you were born, forcing you to face yourself and mature. It’s an earth element planet which can aid in focus because it consolidates energy.\n\n\nThe planet of change rules the sign of Aquarius as well as ideas, energy, and thought systems that give our world its webs of significance. Uranus’ energy will often break things down to make room for the new. It’s known to be a planet of revolution and upheaval. Uranus has a 7-year cycle and your own ideas will change in those time periods. Watch this planet’s movements to predict societal changes, inventions, and advances in technology as well. It’s an incredibly relevant planet in every horoscope today.\n\n\nThe god of the sea is also the ruler of Pisces. It’s the planet that brings intuition, a deeper sense of spirituality, and imagination. It can lead to delusions or escapism and substance abuse as well. It controls our dreams, our artistic talent, and allows us to push past limiting thoughts. It spends 14 years in a sign and you can see how the elements of that sign affect society’s consciousness during those transits.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nNow that you know more about the planets and how they affect astrological signs, check out your daily horoscope from Astrology Answers!\n\nRelated Article: Understanding The Planets in Astrology\n\n\n\nNext Article\n\nYou might also be interested in\n\nHere’s Exactly What to Do During Taurus Season\n\nAre you ready for Taurus season? The Sun has now moved out of dynamic Aries and into the sensual sign of Taurus. Those with Taurus Sun, Taurus Rising, and Taurus Moon in their… Read Full Article »\n\n10 Weekend Trips to Take With Your Best Friend, Based on Zodiac Compatibility\n\nThe Universe is speaking to you - revealing that it is high time you and your best friend take a break from all of the exhaustion of your day-to-day. No matter what your zodiac… Read Full Article »\n\nYour August 2021 Tarotscopes\n\nSettling deeper into the summer sun, we’ll be treading into this August, with Fiery Leo season kicking us off as always. Fun, passionate, and full of surprises, this month is… Read Full Article »", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8505997657775879}
+{"content": "Learn Something New About Organic Gardening With These Interesting Tips\n\nOrganic gardening requires a green thumb and a lot of patience. It is an enjoyable way to grow your own nutritious foods that are free of pesticides and other harsh chemicals. However, organic gardening can seem quite daunting, especially if you do not possess the proverbial green thumb. Check out the tips laid out below to learn what you must do to begin gardening organically like a professional.\n\nPick the proper soil in order to get the best outcome. The soil may have to be adapted, depending on what types of plants you’re planning for the garden. It is also possible to make an artificial area using only one type of soil.\n\nPlan your garden before you plant it. It will be a while before things start to sprout and visually remind you of what was planted where, so a written record can be helpful. You are also less likely to lose smaller members of the larger garden in the overall mix.\n\nKnee pads are absolute miracle accessories if you work in a garden with plenty of low-growing plants. The amount of time that you spend gardening on your knees can make your knees hurt by the time you are done. Using a pair of quality knee pads designed for gardening can provide your knees with cushioning and support, preventing any discomfort.\n\nStart a new garden from seeds. Planting seeds is the most eco-friendly way to start a new garden. Since plastics that are in nurseries aren’t recycled very often and therefore usually wind up in landfills, you should begin with seeds or purchase from the nurseries that use natural materials in their plants’ packaging.\n\nFertilizer in the garden is a must. Manure can help grow plants, but to eliminate risk of pathogens, try using a type of commercially composted product. There are many fertilization methods out there; the type is not quite as important as actually using something.\n\n\nThink about planting evergreen plants that will produce berries in the backyard. They offer terrific color during the dreariest times of the year when nothing else you have planted has any hue remaining. These plants come in several different varieties, including the Winterberry, American Holly, Cranberrybush, and Common Snowberry.\n\nThe nutrients from vegetables can help. If you steam your vegetables, you can pour the remaining water around them. Tea and coffee grounds can be used to add acidity to your soil for plants like gardenias and rhododendrons. Chamomile tea can be an effective treatment against fungus attacking plants.\n\nOrganic gardening takes patience and hard work. This hobby makes good use of your land to produce tasty vegetables and fruits. Follow the tips and put in the needed effort, and you will be a successful organic gardener.…", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7957514524459839}
+{"content": "How and Why Gold Became the Most Important Metal for Coins\n\nBy Ursula Kampmann for Künker GmbH ……\n\nFor centuries, silver was the preferred metal across the world when it came to coins and savings. In the 19th century, that changed. We’ll explain how and why, and illustrate what happened with the help of coins that will be coming under the hammer on September 30 and October 1, 2020 in the Künker Auction entitledA Numismatic Gold Treasure.\n\n* * *\n\nIt actually all started with Sir Isaac Newton, or rather, with the huge gold deposits discovered in Brazil, and the trouble they caused him. These finds pushed down the price of gold in such a way that the established mint ratio between gold and silver coins had to be constantly recalculated.\n\nEven Isaac Newton – who was, at the time, master of the Royal Mint in the Tower of London – failed to keep up with these developments. In his final adjustment in 1717, he valued the silver coins too highly. This effectively led to them disappearing from circulation.\n\nAnd so, England switched to the gold standard in practice long before a corresponding law was passed. It wasn’t until 1774 that parliament confirmed gold coins as legal tender. Silver coins only had to be accepted up to the amount of 25 pounds.\n\nEngland, therefore, played a rather special role. In most other countries across the world, silver remained the metal of choice for minting coins. France, on the other hand, worked with bimetallism. Napoleon’s 1803 monetary law had established the long-standing legal mint ratio of 1 (gold) : 15.5 (silver).\n\nAnd so, at the start of the 19th century, there were three possible options for a national currency:\n\n  1. The gold standard\n  2. The silver standard\n  3. A mixed standard that uses both gold and silver, with a fixed rate of exchange between them\n\nPrice Fluctuations in the Ratio Between Gold and Silver\n\nIn 1848, gold was found in California; in 1851, it was found in Australia. This considerably increased the amount of gold mined around the world. While 15.3 tonnes had been mined worldwide between 1801 and 1810, this amount reached 76.7 tonnes between 1841 and 1850 and then climbed to 567.8 tonnes in the first decade of the 20th century.\n\nIn other words, there was suddenly a lot more gold in circulation than there had been for centuries.\n\nThis caused problems for every nation whose currency, like France’s, was based on a fixed ratio between gold and silver coins. Some clever contemporaries used the differences in the exchange rate to make a hefty profit. They exported some here and imported some there, successfully lining their own pockets. The result: at times, France had far too few silver coins, while the United States of America had far too few gold coins.\n\nThe enormous price fluctuations were therefore a disaster for lawmakers. No sooner had they established the ratio between gold and silver coins than the exchange rate changed and a new law would have to be passed in order to prevent losses for the treasury.\n\nAnd it didn’t make matters any easier when, in 1859, a huge deposit of silver ore was discovered in Virginia City, Nevada. The mines there would yield almost seven million tonnes of pure silver by the time they closed. As a result, the price of silver also plummeted. In the long term, it fell from 60 p in 1870 to 52 p (1880) to 24 p (1910).\n\nTheory and Practice: Why Did the Gold Standard Prevail?\n\nResearchers have established two different theories as to why the global economy ended up committing to the gold standard in the long term.\n\nOne theory claims that people no longer wanted to live with the constantly fluctuating prices of precious metals.\n\nThe other theory claims the cause is rooted in nations’ efforts to adapt their own monetary system to the nation with which they did most business.\n\nWell, at the start of the 19th century, there were two nations vying for economic leadership: Great Britain and France. We know who came out on top. Thanks to industrialization, London became the most important financial center in the world. Two-thirds of all world trade was financed by the pound sterling. Switching your currency to the gold standard, therefore, gave you privileged access to this financial center.\n\nFrance and the Latin Monetary Union\n\nBut France, with its bimetallism, was also a viable option. After all, the country had spread its monetary system during the Napoleonic Wars. There were French coins circulating in Belgium, Switzerland, and Italy, and vice versa. This afforded the advantage of a greater economic area, but also the disadvantage that each nation pursued its own agenda.\n\nJust think about when the Comstock Lode was discovered in Virginia City and its yield caused the price of silver to collapse. Italy was the first country in the French currency area to adapt to this development. In 1862, Italy changed the alloy used to make the circular blanks for its low-value coins, decreasing the silver content from 900 to 835 per mille – much to the annoyance of France, where coins were minted with 900 per mille. In other words: the aforementioned clever contemporaries imported French silver coins into Italy, had them melted down and reminted there into more Italian coins of the same denomination, and then reimported them into France to change into other French silver coins and so on.\n\nIn 1864, France found itself forced to drop the fineness of its coins to 835 per mille. But at that time, Switzerland had already decided to mint silver coins from an alloy of 800 per mille silver.\n\nAnd be sure those oft-mentioned clever contemporaries planned to do what they always did: they made a good profit at the expense of the general public.\n\nThe Latin Monetary Union of 1865 was actually nothing other than an attempt to make this impossible. Although some representatives at this conference lobbied vehemently for the gold standard, France prevailed with its bimetallic system. However, it failed to push the system through at an international level during the large monetary conference called by France in 1867.\n\nAt that point, it became clear that there was no future in the bimetallic system.\n\nAlthough the wonderfully colorful maps suggest time and again that the world was enthusiastic about the Latin Monetary Union, the fact that individual nations issued coins in the same weight as the golden 20-franc or silver 5-franc pieces did not mean that they wanted to preserve the bimetallic system. They simply wanted to have coins that were compatible with French coinage.\n\nGermany Opts for the Gold Standard\n\nIn 1854, Portugal, a key trading partner of England, adopted the gold standard without any major consequences.\n\nWhen the newly founded German Empire opted for the gold standard, the results were very different. After all, after its victory over Napoleon III, Germany had become one of if not the most important economic power in Europe. And Germany took other nations with it: the Netherlands and Scandinavia adopted the gold standard shortly afterward.\n\nThis wasn’t a particularly big step for these nations; it was hardly noticeable for their citizens.\n\nThis is because – and this point cannot be stressed enough – the gold standard did not mean that there weren’t any silver coins in circulation. It simply meant that all means of payment, i.e. small coins, bank deposits, and banknotes, could be converted into gold at any time.\n\nBy the way, it’s a myth that the French coins paid as war reparations in 1871 were reminted into 20-mark pieces. Of the five billion marks paid, 4.248 billion came in bills of exchange denominated in English pounds. Germany exchanged these papers in London for the gold it needed to produce its currency. The silver coins, which were withdrawn from circulation and whose raw material was thrown back onto the market, caused the price of silver to fall even further.\n\nSilver Producers in the USA\n\nWhen the United States of America created the dollar, they were largely dependent on French loans. For example, it was thanks to these loans that the ‘Bank of North America’ was founded. So, it’s no wonder that the United States of America modeled their monetary system after the French example and built it on both metals, gold, and silver, despite the rich gold reserves in California.\n\nAnd then in 1859, as mentioned earlier, the Comstock Lode was discovered. This discovery had an impact on the price of silver. During a crisis that would go down in history as the ‘Long Depression’, the government established a series of measures, including the adoption of the gold standard in the Coinage Act of 1873.\n\nIt was only three years later that there was any serious resistance. The Coinage Act became the “Crime of ‘73’“. The silver producers developed a superb public relations strategy that concealed their own interests to such an extent that, to this day, you will read occasionally in books about American history that it wasn’t their own overproduction that caused the price of silver to fall, but rather the sale of silver in Germany following the currency changeover.\n\nIn fact, in 1878, the Bland-Allison Act was passed over the veto of President Rutherford B. Hayes, which forced the treasury to purchase a certain amount of silver every year and use it to mint silver coins. As this silver was bought at the market price, this development was less about returning to a bimetallic system and more about support buying in favor of the country’s own silver producers.\n\nIn the same year, the United States of America organized an international monetary conference, where they, as one of the biggest producers of silver in the world, attempted to convince other countries to switch to a bimetallic monetary system so that they could sell their own silver around the globe. The conference failed. Germany didn’t even send a representative, while the British delegates were ordered to block all proposals.\n\nThe ever-growing gap between supply and demand remained a problem. In 1890, the American Congress passed the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, which replaced the Bland Allison Act and meant that the federal government became the second-biggest buyer of silver in the world. By the way, the biggest buyer was the British government in India, which was attempting to hold up the rapidly falling price of silver and therefore support the Indian rupee.\n\nIn this one year, 1890, the price fell from 1.16 dollars per ounce to 0.69 dollars. On November 1, 1895, the treasury temporarily stopped issuing silver dollars.\n\nAnd it wasn’t alone. Over the course of the 1890s, Russia, Japan, and the Habsburg Monarchy also switched over from their bimetallic systems to the gold standard. France and with it the countries of the Latin Monetary Union – with the exception of Italy – had already done this in 1878.\n\nCommercial Interests Versus Agricultural Society\n\nThe Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 had been passed primarily because it caused inflation and therefore enabled small farmers to pay off their debts with cheap silver dollars. And that brings us to a third possible explanatory model of why the gold standard triumphed in the 19th century.\n\nNever before in history had society been monetized to this extent. In Great Britain, the amount of money in circulation increased from 255.4 million pounds in 1850 to 11,303.6 million pounds in 1913. The proportion of coins – as opposed to banknotes and bank deposits – fell from 23.9% to 12%. A similar pattern can be observed in Germany, where 1.38 billion marks in 1875 increased to 18.31 billion marks in 1913, while the proportion of coins fell from 42.4% to 18.3%.\n\nThis monetization went hand in hand with the transition of the economy from self-sufficiency to a society based on the division of labor. Those who worked in the city depended on their savings retaining value and preferred stable gold, while the farmers, with their ever-increasing mortgages, relied on inflation to help them pay off their loans.\n\nThe almost worldwide transition to the gold standard is a sign that the most important segments of a country’s population were no longer based in its rural areas but in its cities.\n\nGold as a Safe Haven\n\nEven today, despite all the fluctuations in the price of gold, this precious metal is still considered a safe haven. Governments still encourage the flow of gold into their own country. For example, to this day, the purchase of gold bullion products is exempt from VAT in many countries, while all other bullion products made from precious metals, such as silver, platinum, and rhodium, must be taxed.\n\nAt no point did the gold standard mean that all coins of a certain country had to be made from gold. It merely comprises:\n\n  • The unlimited convertibility of banknotes and silver coins into gold\n  • The unrestricted import and export of gold\n  • The linking of a country’s money supply to its gold reserves\n\nAnd this is what caused the gold standard to fail in the long term. No country in the world had the discipline to issue only as much paper money as its gold reserves allowed, even in political emergencies. And in Europe, this meant that the system collapsed at the beginning of the First World War. The high demand for physical gold among citizens could no longer be met by the countries’ gold reserves.\n\nAlthough many countries returned to the gold standard after the end of the First World War, this collective realization that only physical gold can be relied upon to retain its worth means that gold coins are still the first choice when it comes to the safe storage of assets during a crisis.\n\nThe Künker Auction entitled ‘A Numismatic Gold Treasure’ will be a brilliant opportunity to combine collecting with investing in gold.\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7094587087631226}
+{"content": "Online Student - Complete Controller\n\nHigher education is currently facing challenges due to the growth and development of online universities. Database of Online Education published a list of recognized online colleges based on graduation rates and student retention rates.\n\nIn the United States, 29 colleges are providing an online education, the mean retention rate among the colleges is 57.41% with S.D ± 23.24, the maximum value of retention rate is 100%. In contrast, the minimum retention rate is 4%, the mean graduation rate among the colleges is 41.76% (round off) with S.D ± 9.87 (round off), and the maximum value of the graduation rate is 61%. In contrast, the minimum graduation rate is 25%. Check out America's Best Bookkeepers\n\nRegression analysis showed the significant cause and impact of the percentage of retention on the graduation volume of the students. The p-value of retention rate with graduation rate is 0.000, which shows a significant relationship or impact of retention rate on the graduation rate. The value of R shows that there is a 67% correlation observed between the retention rate of students and their graduation rate. R square in the data shows that 44% of the data is close to the linear regression line. It shows the rate of the strength of association between the two variables. The adjusted value of 42.9% shows that there are additional extraneous predictors in the regression model of the study. For each change of one unit in retention rate, the average change in the mean graduation rate is 0.67 units. All values indicated a noteworthy impact of the retention rate on the graduation rate. Check out America's Best Bookkeepers\n\nThe regression analysis demonstrates that there is a significant positive linear relationship found between the retention rate of the students and their graduation rate. The graduation rate of US students in online educational institutions increases as the retention rate of the students increase. However, the presence of other important factors is identified that may affect the graduation rate of the students. Online educational programs are increasing rapidly; hence, the concern over student retention is also increasing. Online institutions are developing effective models to understand student persistence in the current environment, but traditional educational institutes provide more facilities, technologies, and systems.\n\nThe linear regression shows that the impact of retention rate is obvious and positively significant. It means that the regression equation has provided a good fit. However, the data shows that is around 44% scattered around the regression line. It means that there may be some other possible factors related to the online colleges and students that cause an impact on the graduation rate of the colleges. Check out America's Best Bookkeepers\n\nAccording to the Database of Online Education, the student retention rate at South University is 51%, and its graduation rate is 25%. The university must consider the possible factors causing a reduction in student performance. Since more than half of students are staying enrolled in the university but only a quarter of them are graduating, this situation may cause the university concern.\n\nThe student retention rate at the University of Phoenix is 4%, while the graduation rate is 28%, according to the Database of Online Education. The president of the university must consider the fact that despite poor retention rate results, the graduation rate has increased to 28%. The analysis indicates that the university should identify possible factors causing the increase in student graduation rate and take effective measures to increase student retention.\n\nAfter the complete analysis of the data collected from the Database of Online Colleges, it is suggested that issues must be highlighted by online institutes to attain maximize graduation rate of the students. Measures must be taken to make the system cost-effective with efficient practices. Establishing effective practices ensures sustainable online learning environments.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9992534518241882}
+{"content": "4 Reasons Why Compliance Benchmarking Doesn’t Work\n\nIn recent years, compliance benchmarking has become very popular in heavily regulated industries such as banking, health and aged-care.  But how useful are these schemes, really?\n\nThe truth is most organisations, particularly those in the service-sector, achieve compliance in totally different ways, so setting benchmarks based on industry-best-practice makes little sense. Furthermore, compliance benchmarking is subject to a number of serious limitations that if left unaddressed can render its outcomes meaningless, and the exercise a complete waste of time and resources.\n\nIn this article, I outline why compliance benchmarking has developed such a poor reputation, and why organisations are better off benchmarking their compliance internally rather than externally.\n\nAbout Benchmarking\n\nBenchmarking was introduced by the Xerox company way back in the 1970s and became popular in the 1980s as part of the total quality management movement. \n\nAn IBM executive once defined benchmarking as;\n\n“the ongoing activity of comparing one’s own processes, product, or service against the best-known similar activity, so that challenging but attainable goals can be set and a realistic course of action implemented to efficiently become and remain best of the best”.\n\nThere are two main categories of benchmarking; performance and practice.\n\n  1. Performance benchmarking involves gathering and comparing “quantitative” metrics or key performance indicators (KPIs).  For this type of benchmarking to operate properly standard compliance metrics and measuring methods are required, and a reliable model of collecting and analysing data.\n\n  2. Practice benchmarking involves gathering and comparing “qualitative” information about how an organisation achieves specified compliance outcomes through people, processes, and technology. For this type of benchmarking to operate properly reliable methods of gathering, assessing and comparing information is required, such as process-mapping.\n\nBenchmarking can also be broken into two further types; internal and external.\n\n  1. Internal benchmarking involves comparing the compliance performance of one part of an organisation with other parts of the same organisation i.e. departments, branches, groups, facilities, teams, vendors, etc.\n\n  2. External benchmarking involves comparing the compliance performance of one organisation with others; usually in the same industry, which can include competitors.  This type of benchmarking is also commonly referred to as industry-based benchmarking.\n\nAbout Compliance Benchmarking\n\nCompliance benchmarking is a type of benchmarking that focuses on an organisation’s ability to comply with specified laws, regulations, standards, agreements, etc. \n\nMost industry-based compliance benchmarking schemes are government-operated and participation is mandatory, but there are independent schemes run by industry-groups and software-vendors that organisations can subscribe to voluntarily.\n\n\nFor me, there are many limitations that cause compliance benchmarking schemes not to work, especially industry-based schemes, but the biggest limitations I’ve listed below.  \n\n  1. Unreliable Data\n\nFor compliance benchmarking to work properly each party must accurately measure and report their compliance performance in exactly the same way; which is difficult enough when assessing the compliance of one organisation, let alone many.\n\nOne reason why compliance benchmarking schemes often fail is they rely on compliance metrics that are open to interpretation and variations in measurement methods.\n\nFor example, assessing whether a health-provider has delivered an “timely” level of care to its patients is often open to different interpretations of “timely” and different methods of measuring “timeliness”; which can easily lead to misleading benchmarking outcomes. \n\n  1. Lack of Context\n\nAnother major limitation of industry-based compliance benchmarking schemes is the data is normally stripped of its context, meaning it tells you what other organisations have achieved, but not how they achieved it.  \n\nThen there’s the problem that some metrics can be skewed by one-off incidents and accounting exceptions, which aren’t made transparent in benchmarking reports, for example operating costs. \n\nWithout supporting compliance evidence benchmarking’s ability to help improve an organisation’s compliance performance is severely compromised, which can significantly reduce its value as a management tool; refer to point 4.\n\n  1. Incompatible Modelling\n\nAnother reason compliance benchmarking doesn’t work is that most schemes rely on a standardised assessment model that is often not matched to the unique operating characteristics of each contributing party.\n\nTo be effective compliance benchmarking must be capable of comparing apples with apples, not apples with oranges. \n\nIt may sound overly simplistic, but this is a common limitation. Overly simplistic models can also lead to policies and processes that are ineffective, exposing organisations to unacceptable compliance risks, including; regulatory fines, penalties, reputation damage, lost revenue, etc.\n\n  1. High-Cost / Low-Benefit\n\nNo doubt the biggest limitation of compliance benchmarking is its high operating costs compared to its low benefits.  This in part is due to the requirement for all parties to collect and report on the same standard metrics; regardless of whether they add value, or not.\n\nFor example, a health-provider has to allocate the same amount of time and effort collecting and reporting data on the “timeliness” of its services as other providers, even though it has determined in the past that this is not a compliance risk. \n\nOn top of this is the added expense of trying to analyse compliance benchmarking reports for actionable improvement insights, that aren’t there, and in some cases paying exorbitant subscription or levee-fees for a service that delivers little to no value.     \n\nDespite its limitations, many organisations continue to use industry-based benchmarking solutions to assess their compliance, set -goals and measure improvements.  \n\nLittle wonder many of these organisations are searching for a better solution.   So, what are the alternatives?\n\nA Better Approach\n\nThe first critical step when seeking to improve how your organisation assesses and manages its compliance is to view benchmarking as only a part of the solution, not the complete solution.\n\nWanting to know how your organisation compares with others is understandable.  Unfortunately, in  my experience, trying to benchmark your organisation’s compliance performance against others is a waste of its limited resources and will do more harm than good in the long run.   \n\nCompliance benchmarking against yourself is a much more efficient and effective option than industry-based benchmarking.\n\nDone well, internal benchmarking can help unearth opportunities for improving compliance processes, practices and performance that external benchmarking can’t.  Ultimately, the best person to understand where your organisation’s limited benchmarking resources should be directed is you, not an external regulator or vendor.\n\nBe sure that when you invest in or subscribe to a compliance benchmarking service that you limit your scheme to objective compliance metrics that cannot be misinterpreted.\n\nIf you have to include subjective compliance metrics,  which is often the case with service-based organisations, make sure your solution provides clear instructions on how each compliance metric is to be assessed, and enables assessors to attach improvement recommendations and supporting compliance evidence alongside their results.\n\nCompliance benchmarking can be beneficial in helping organisations monitor and improve their compliance performance, but it does have its limitations.  Understanding and managing these limitations is the key to achieving  the best value from your compliance benchmarking solution. \n\nFor more information on how to optimise your organisation’s compliance benchmarking processes visit www.compliance-master.com.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7842729687690735}
+{"content": "Question: Will I Be Penalized For No Health Insurance In 2020?\n\nHow long can you go without health insurance before penalty 2020?\n\nthree monthsPenalty amounts If you are uninsured for only part of the year, the penalty is prorated to cover only your uninsured months.\n\nYou’re not assessed a penalty for a gap in coverage less than three months long.\n\nThis is called a “short gap.” However, you are only allowed one short gap per year..\n\nWhat is the tax penalty for no health insurance in 2020?\n\n\nDoes having Obamacare affect your taxes?\n\nObamacare’s individual mandate requires most legal U.S. residents to get covered, so you might be subject to a tax penalty if you were uncovered for more than three months. … You’ll need form 8965 to include a mandate exemption on your tax return.\n\nWhat can you do if you can’t afford health insurance?\n\nBefore you decide to go without insurance, check out these options for ways to make health insurance more affordable for you.Go Off-Exchange. … Join a Group. … Adjust Your Income. … Put Money in an HSA. … Deduct Your Premiums. … See If You Qualify for a Catastrophic Plan. … Understand Limited Insurance Options.More items…•\n\nIs health insurance still mandatory in 2020?\n\nUpdated on October 24, 2020 As of 2019 the Obamacare Individual mandate – which requires you to have health insurance –no longer applies at the federal level. However, 5 states and the District of Columbia have an individual mandate at the state level.\n\nHow many months can you go without health insurance and not be penalized?\n\nthree monthsIn general, a gap in coverage that lasts less than three months qualifies as a short coverage gap and not subject to a penalty. If you have more than one short coverage gap during a year, the short coverage gap exemption only applies to the first gap.\n\nWhat happens if you don’t have health insurance and go to the hospital?\n\nWithout coverage, you’ll be liable for the entire bill, both from the hospital or a doctor who accepts you as a patient. You can inquire about the cost of treatment ahead of time, outside of emergency situations, of course.\n\nIs it better to not have health insurance?\n\n\nWhat happens if I dont have health insurance 2020?\n\nAccording to the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB), the penalty for not having health insurance is the greater of either 2.5 % of the household annual income or a flat dollar amount of $750 per adult and $375 per child (these number will rise every year with inflation) in the household.\n\nWho has the cheapest health insurance?\n\nMedicaidMedicaid. The cheapest health insurance option will be Medicaid. However, you must first be eligible to enroll in the federal insurance program. To be eligible, your household income must be less than either 133% or 138% of the federal poverty level (FPL).\n\nCan you file taxes without health insurance?\n\nThe Tax Cut and Jobs Act (TCJA) repealed the penalty (made the penalty amount $0) starting with tax year 2019. But you may wonder, “Do I need health insurance to file taxes after the ACA penalty was repealed?” The answer is no. You no longer will be penalized for not having health insurance.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9975144863128662}
+{"content": "Sustain Dane Live Forward Awards 2021\nSustain Dane is seeking nominations for the 2021 Live Forward Awards. Help us recognize the innovation and impact happening in our own neighborhoods. The Live Forward Awards acknowledge changemakers and inclusive leaders who are promoting local sustainability and community well-being. A nominee's work will ideally impact one or more areas of holistic sustainability: a healthy environment, equity & social well-being, and a just economy. Awardees receive a recognition of $250. View past awardees here:\n\nNominations are due Monday, August 9th at 11:59 PM. There is a 500-word limit for each question's response.\n\nWe encourage nominations of individuals from all ages, races, ethnicities and backgrounds. Diversity and inclusion are important aspects of the Live Forward Awards. In addition, if nominating an individual working with youth, consider nominating the youth themselves. Nominees should live or work in Dane County. Awardees are selected by the Live Forward Awards Selection Committee, composed of past awardees and local community members. Nominees and awardees will be recognized at the 2021 Sustain Dane Summit.\n\nPlease contact Valora Gutierrez at or (209) 617-0827 if you have any questions, comments or concerns regarding Live Forward Awards applications.\nYour Name *\nYour Email *\nName of Nominee (individual, group or team) *\nNominee email *\nWe will be contacting nominees to confirm nomination.\nName of Organization, initiative or focus area *\nDescribe the nominee's work and impact at the organization, community, initiative or within the focus area: *\nProvide specific examples of how the nominee(s) contributes to promoting local sustainability and community well-being: *\nAdditional relevant information such as links to websites, news articles, videos, etc.\nNever submit passwords through Google Forms.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000098943710327}
+{"content": "Understand the initial signs of diabetes to begin treatment on time\n\nThe amount of diabetics is increasing by the day. Folks are taken aback if their diabetes is recognized. Often the original signs of diabetes might be mistaken for those of other or may even go undetected. It is crucial for all to be familiar with the initial symptoms of diabetes; so, that the treatment mediabeteshelp.com may start at an initial phase. The time period of pre-diabetes if the symptoms occur is important and your awareness of the warning signs of diabetes can assist you spot them and begin with required medication to help keep it in control.\n\nThe autoimmune systems of each and every person are not the same. Depending on the type of diabetes, the stage of advancement, the age of patient, the lifestyle and diet of patient and so forth, the visible signs of diabetes can vary. Diabetes mellitus could be Type 1(juvenile diabetes), Type 2 (any age) or gestational diabetes (among women while pregnant). Diabetes is triggered due to the inability of the body to supply adequate insulin to breakdown the sugars in energy for the body. Because of the large content of glucose the kidneys begin producing supplemental water to dilute the blood.\n\nIn the original stage you would find the patient having to visit the bathroom often. It is because the degree of blood glucose rises due to which the kidneys must work overtime to purge them from the body together with the fluids sucked from the tissues. The issue with this is that it can result in dehydration which in turn may cause other health problems. With the body needing more fluid intake you’ll also find the patient experiencing very thirsty. It is also caused due to the too much sugar contained in the body.\n\nThe weight loss amongst the diabetics is quick. Even if a diabetic isn’t on any type of diet, the weight loss is substantial. Even the frequency of food consumption is a lot more. It is because with the body failing to convert the glucose to energy, the accumulated fat is consumed for the purpose causing weight loss. Rather the person may be consuming more and not putting on the weight in any way. They may also encounter fatigue and weakness since the body can not process glucose efficiently. The muscles are unable to get enough fuel and patients might also experience sleepiness and irritability.\n\nThe neurological system maybe influenced to some extent. This could cause skin irritability as well as other skin problems. The skin seems very dry as well as irritable. Moreover if any wounds are triggered they could take more time to heal. They may become infected and trigger additional complications. There could also be a tingling feeling in the feet and hands. Additionally, because of the surge in the blood sugar levels the fluids inside the eyes are also changed which causes clouding of vision. Dark spots, rings around lights and also flashing lights and in most severe cases, blindness may happen. For those struggling with Type 1 diabetes which is mostly in teenagers and even toddlers a few of the early symptoms are the weight loss. An important indication is the fruity smell of the breath. The children could also experience too much thirst, dehydration, exhaustion, dryness of skin, abdominal discomfort etc.\n\nIt is crucial to be alert about the Type 2 and also juvenile diabetes. You can ensure that treatment starts at the earliest for any child who may be experiencing juvenile diabetes.Not just the child but knowing the original signs of diabetes can mean timely treatment which could have the ability to keep diabetes under control.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9131938219070435}
+{"content": "Why PHP Programming is Popular Among Developers Across the Globe\n\nWhy PHP Programming is Popular Among Developers Across the Globe?\n\nHypertext Pre-Processor or PHP is a programming language using which developers are building various application software to use on various devices. PHP is more popular for web solutions and backend solutions. Software developers build various desktop-based stand-alone solutions using PHP programming. Usually, PHP is used together with MySQL database and Apache web server on Linux OS. This combination of technologies is popularly known as LAMP. It is free to use and most have default installation on Linux servers. PHP has evolved with contributions from the huge community present worldwide. PHP is regarded as the most popular server-side scripting language in the world.\n\nFollowing has made PHP development popular in the world:\n\n  • Open-Source - PHP is an open-source server-side programming language. Any developer can modify the source code of PHP itself to suits the need. Even the development in the code can be posted on the community site. If a majority of moderators accept the change in the language then that is bind with the installation software. PHP developers across the globe are contributing to the growth of the programming language. The online community of developers supports each other.\n  • Easy-to-Use - The open-source PHP programming language is written in C and C++ programming language. C is known as the basic programming language in the computer world and is known to the majority of programmers. The computer programmers already familiar with C adapted the PHP language quickly. The popularity of the PHP language spread like a fire in a forest. A large community build in no time and started to support each other. The beginner PHP programmers never find any problem faced unsolved.\n  • Portability - The PHP programs can run on any operating system of the computer server. If a PHP program is developed on Linux OS then the source code of that program will run on Windows OS in the same manner. This feature of PHP gave it an upper hand in making the language popular. It covered almost all computer programmers irrespective of what operating system they use. This helped PHP in attaining a vertical growth graph.\n  • Community Support - The gaining popularity of PHP was building a large online community to interact with each other. The online PHP community is very lively behaved and is found always enthusiastic. The solution to almost every problem faced while programming in PHP is published online. Even if any beginner programmer searches the error occurred in the search engine then the proper solution pops out instantly. This is one of the major factors of PHP being at such a height of popularity.\n  • Security - PHP programming language can produce secure applications. Options are already provided to the developers to secure their software from DDoS attacks. Even security patches are provided at the hosting level to provide a secure environment. In PHP development the programmers know already the vulnerable areas and take necessary steps in the code to make it secured.\n\n\nNowadays, about 80% of websites live on the www are using PHP somehow. Already many popular sites like Facebook, Dailymotion, etc. are using PHP. Zaptech Solutions is a PHP development company with more than a decade of experience. Hire PHP developer to fulfill your software requirement and business goals.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8488322496414185}
+{"content": "Negotiating a taxing transition\n\nHome > Opinion > Editorials\n\nprint dictionary print\n\nNegotiating a taxing transition\n\nThe government has unveiled plans to revise the tax code, its last attempt to retouch the system before it ends its five-year term. Unlike in previous years, it kept the framework more or less intact as it would be too burdensome for the outgoing government to make sharp changes to the tax code.\n\nThe revised version will be submitted to the National Assembly in September, inviting the newly launched legislature to work on the changes that would be applied when the incoming government takes over. Minister of Finance Bahk Jae-wan said the government was open to “big changes when necessary” in its set of proposals.\n\nThe government hopes to revise the tax code to boost domestic consumption, encourage hiring and improve public finance. Broader tax benefits for the working-class and extended tax incentives for research and development are commendable, as was the policy of trying to increase tax revenue by providing incentives instead of merely resorting to tax hikes.\n\nIn response to calls from the political circle and a new public infatuation with economic equality, the government proposed levying more taxes on large companies and high-income earners. It raised the minimum tax demanded of large companies to 15 percent from 14 percent, and lowered the target for annual income tax to 30 million won ($26,650) from 40 million won. It came up with the idea to increase revenue without raising the corporate and income tax base. The Finance Ministry estimates the move will yield an extra 1.66 trillion won in tax revenue from next year.\n\nBut in reality, tax revisions do not translate immediately into revenue. The ministry’s rough estimate is based on what it expects to happen five years after the new system is implemented. What bolsters tax revenue is economic growth, as taxes are collected based on corporate and individual incomes over the past year. If the economy grows less than 3 percent this year, next year’s tax revenue will fall short of expectations.\n\nThe reduced tax revenue, coupled with ambitious welfare vows by presidential candidates, could hurt public finances. Therefore, the legislature, while reviewing the tax code proposal, could instead end up hiking various taxes. The opposition and ruling parties are demanding higher taxes on the rich, but as this could dampen consumer spending and important economic activity, much care is needed.\nLog in to Twitter or Facebook account to connect\nwith the Korea JoongAng Daily\nhelp-image Social comment?\nlock icon\n\n\nStandards Board Policy (0/250자)\n\nWhat’s Popular Now", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9648059606552124}
+{"content": "Quick Answer: How Mobile Phones Are Useful To Students?\n\nHow do phones affect sleep?\n\nThey Suppress Melatonin.\n\n\nReducing melatonin makes it harder to fall and stay asleep..\n\nWhy mobile phones are important for students?\n\nMobile phones serve many important functions. Digital literacy is a critical aspect of young people’s schooling and research shows mobile phones can play a role in supporting such learning. … The phones provide a link between students and their parents, which has an important role to play in ensuring their safety.\n\nShould mobile phones be given to students?\n\nCell phones should be allowed but only after a certain age or class, for example class 9 onwards they should be allowed. Against: Cell phones should not be allowed in schools as they will cause distraction for both students and teachers. … The student will be at a loss as they will not be able to keep up with the class.\n\nWhat is mobile phone advantages and disadvantages?\n\nThe advantages and disadvantages of cell phones show us that having more ways to communicate with others can be an excellent resource. We can call or text at almost any time, access the Internet, or take control of our life. It can support healthy relationships, but these devices can also create destruction.\n\nHow do phones affect learning?\n\n\nHow do phones affect us?\n\nScientists have reported adverse health effects of using mobile phones including changes in brain activity, reaction times, and sleep patterns. … Children have the potential to be at greater risk than adults for developing brain cancer from cell phones.\n\nHow can I protect my eyes from mobile screen?\n\nHow to protect your eyes from smartphone screen glareApply blue light filter.Stick to moderate brightness.Use special screen protectors.Keep distance.\n\nDo phones affect your brain?\n\nBut that doesn’t mean mobile phone radiation has no effect on the brain at all. Previous research has found evidence that it can change our brainwaves. And now, a new study co-authored by Röösli has found a link between mobile phone use and adverse effects on young people’s memory retention.\n\nHow mobile phones are useful?\n\nCell phones are the perfect way to stay connected with others and provide the user with a sense of security. In the event of emergency, having a cell phone can allow help to reach you quickly and could possibly save lives. … The importance of cell phones goes way beyond the ability to make or receive phone calls.\n\nIs mobile good or bad for students?\n\nMobile phones might not turn students into procrastinators, but they can certainly act as a vehicle for their procrastination. Being over-reliant on a mobile phone can be bad for a person’s psychological health. Excessive use of mobile phones has been associated with anxiety, irritation, frustration and impatience.\n\nIs mobile phone good or bad?\n\nMobile phone radiations cause serious damagers to human organs. It is discovered that mobile radiation leads to brain injuries and also increased the possibility of having a cancer. In most countries using mobile while driving is prohibited because sixty percent road accidents due to the driving while using mobiles.\n\nWhat are the negative effects of smartphones?\n\nHere are 12 ways, from an expert, that smartphones could be making your life worse.Smartphones contribute to sleep issues. … They can ruin romantic relationships. … They can take a toll on friendships. … They can have a negative influence on parenting. … They’re replacing in-person communication and conflict.More items…•", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9538352489471436}
+{"content": "China equity bullish on tech, resources industries\n\n\nChina stocks rose on Wednesday, with Shenzhen’s tech-heavy ChiNext index hitting a six-year high, and as shares of natural resources companies jumped.\n\nThe blue-chip CSI300 index rose 0.7% to 5,144.04 points, while the Shanghai Composite Index gained 0.7% to 3,562.66 points.\n\nShenzhen’s ChiNext jumped nearly 3% to its highest level since June...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9605234265327454}
+{"content": "Welcome to the Office of Interdisciplinary Programs! Our office houses interdisciplinary research centers and academic programs in the College of Arts and Sciences. Interdisciplinary programs represent a key hub of learning, research, and community at Lehigh. \nWhat do interdisciplinary curricular programs and research centers have to offer? \nAcross the globe, we are experiencing rapid changes to our environment and social, political, and economic structures. Climate change, global pandemics, population growth, and social inequality represent just a few of the world’s most pressing challenges. \nSome refer to the key issues the world is facing as “wicked problems.” Wicked problems are issues that are so complex and intertwined that it is hard to grasp what exactly the problem is, or how to solve it. With wicked problems, the rules are always changing and a blinded focus on one aspect of the problem could be detrimental to another. Wicked problems are like a tangled mess of string; it is impossible to know which thread to pull first. \nPressing global social issues are complex and demand the knowledge and skills of multiple academic disciplines. Remaining confined to disciplinary silos will not lead to new ideas, creativity, or the development of holistic and effective approaches. Interdisciplinary methods and thinking are essential to create an environment for innovation essential to addressing wicked problems.\nWhy major (or minor) in an interdisciplinary program? \nMost students get narrow vocational training for jobs few of them will ever have. A recent report found that over three-quarters of American college graduates go on to a career unrelated to their major – a trend that includes math and science majors. A rapidly changing, problem-plagued and complex world demands conceptual reasoning skills that can connect new ideas and work across contexts. This is what an interdisciplinary education at Lehigh provides. \nInterdisciplinary is a broader movement across higher education, in which students have majors where they take several courses in different disciplines. In this integrative model, the knowledge, ways of thinking, and pedagogies from multiple fields, such as the humanities, social sciences, and mathematics and natural sciences, are brought together within the context of a single program of study. In interdisciplinary academic programs, professors help students make the connections between disciplines in an effort to enrich and improve learning. \nResearch shows that students who can understand and make connections across a diverse array of knowledge and skills typically have more rewarding lives and better employment opportunities. For example, surveys reveal that employers see talent as more than deep technical expertise or familiarity with a particular approach or subject matter. Rather, employers seek well-rounded individuals with a broad and holistic educational background who can comprehend and solve complex problems that transcend disciplines.\nVery few employers indicate that acquiring the knowledge or skills needed for a specific field or position is the best path to long-term success. Employers report that when hiring, they place the greatest value on demonstrated proficiency in skills and knowledge that cut across college majors. The skills employers rate as most important include written and oral communication, collaboration, ethical decision-making, critical thinking, the ability to work with people from diverse backgrounds, and the capacity to apply knowledge in complex, multidimensional, and multidisciplinary settings. \nAccording to employers, this combination of crosscutting skills is more important to an individual’s success at a company than the major she or he pursued while in college. \nInterdisciplinary majors and minors, where disciplines are integrated in meaningful and thoughtful ways, encourage self-directed and explorative learning. These skills are better-suited to industry and prepare students for jobs, opening doors and providing a range of opportunities.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9213511943817139}
+{"content": "Harrison D. St. Germain\n\nHarrison D. St. Germain is an associate in the firm’s West Palm Beach office. Mr. St. Germain received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Wake Forest University, summa cum laude, and his Juris Doctor from the University of Notre Dame Law School, magna cum laude.\n\nDuring his time at Notre Dame, Mr. St. Germain was a Dean’s Circle Fellow (top 10% of the class) and was a member of the Notre Dame Law Review. Additionally, he was awarded the Peter A.R. Lardy Fellowship, dedicated by the Notre Dame Law School Class of 1975 to the memory of their classmate, Peter A.R. Lardy, and granted to a rising third-year law student who exemplifies “his Courage, Love, and Understanding toward his fellow man.”\n\nPrior to joining the firm, Mr. St. Germain practiced in Northern Virginia, where he primarily represented plaintiffs in personal injury litigation.\n\nMr. St. Germain is a member of the Florida Bar, and practices in the areas of general negligence, automobile and trucking liability, premises liability, and commercial litigation. He is also a member of the Virginia and Indiana (inactive) bars.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.996256411075592}
+{"content": "Yonkowski, from Largo, west of Tampa in Florida, noticed the blunder by Chase Bank after she decided to check her balance only to find she had $999,985,855.94 in her bank.\n\nThe deposit has made her the 615th richest person in America but she said she is desperate to return the cash to its rightful owner.\n\n\nShe told newsmen: “Oh my God, I was horrified. I know most people would think they won the lottery but I was horrified.\n\n“When I put in for the $20, the machine came back and said we’ll give you the $20 but that’ll cause an overdraft and you will be charged and I said, ‘oh just forget it’.”\n\n\nShe said: “I know I’ve read stories about people that took the money or took out money, and then they had to repay it and I wouldn’t do that anyway because it’s not my money.\n\n\n\nShe added: “I just can’t get through. I get tied up with their automated system and I can’t get a person.”\n\nYOU MAY ALSO LIKE:   EYE TO EYE: FG, Labour Meet Over Planned Strike", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6326781511306763}
+{"content": "Valuation: Cyclically adjusted PE Ratio\n\nP/E Ratio is one of the simplest valuation multiples and that is also its main shortcoming. The ratio of current price to recent last four quarters earnings is a simple but very effective tool to evaluate a stock, portfolio or market since the beginning of the stock market. The lower the PE, the less you are paying for future earnings. It’s quick and easy, hence popular. The criticism for P/E ratio is that it doesn’t account for the cyclical nature of a business or the different phases of the business cycle. Thus, P/E ratio can’t be extrapolated as price and earning of one era can’t be compared with price and earning of a different era.\n\nThe famous value investors Benjamin Graham and David Dodd, in the early 1930s in the book Security Analysis, argued that a single year’s earnings would be too volatile to evaluate a company’s real value in the marketplace. To control for cyclical effects, Graham and Dodd recommended dividing price by a multi-year average of earnings and suggested periods of five, seven or ten years. Based on that idea, Robert J. Shiller and John Y. Campbell in 1998 developed a cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings ratio (CAPE), which puts the current market price in relation to the average inflation-adjusted profits of the previous 10 years. The purpose of the 10-year observation period is to ensure that the profits are averaged over more than one earnings cycle. Shiller and Campbell’s research found a negative correlation between the CAPE ratio and the stock market performance over the next ten years. A high current CAPE ratio meant poor future stock returns.\n\n\nThe cyclically-adjusted price-to-earnings (CAPE) ratio of a stock market is one of the standard metrics used to evaluate whether a market is overvalued, undervalued, or fairly-valued. This metric was popularized during the Dotcom Bubble when Robert Shiller, a Yale University Professor of Economics and Noble Prize winner, correctly argued that equities were highly overvalued.  For that reason, it’s also referred to as the “Shiller PE”, meaning the Shiller variant of the typical price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of stock.\n\nDoes the Shiller PE predict the future returns? In his book “Irrational Exuberance,” Shiller shows that CAPE is correlated to the subsequent 20-year annualized return after inflation. A low P/E bodes well for the next 20 years of investing, whereas a higher ‘PE 10’ suggests a lower expected return.\n\nThe has a nice article on Shiller PE – A Better Measurement of Market Valuation in which they write:\n\nIf we assume that over the long term, the Shiller PE of the market will reverse to its historical mean of $mean, the future market return will come from three parts:\n\n  1. Contraction or expansion of the Schiller P/E to the historical mean\n  2. Dividends\n  3. Business growth\n\nThe investment return is thus equal to:\n\n\n\nWe don’t have much Sensex data prior to 1990 hence can’t compare our finding with the US data. Still, the above graph shows a remarkable correlation close to 80% between implied return and the actual 3 years return. For calculation, the business growth is taken as average annual GDP growth since 2000. We believe the real earning growth of composite or large-cap index tends to align with GDP growth over long-term.\n\nDespite its value in projecting future returns over long periods of time, the Shiller PE is often misused when applied to any periods other than long ones. The elevated Shiller PE is in no way an indication that investors should sell their equities. In reality, the Shiller PE has almost no predictive value in determining where the market will go in the next year or other shorter term periods. We must emphasize the fact that valuation metrics are not a market timing tools.\n\nIn terms of shortcomings, Shiller PE is based on the false premise that earnings can be normalized using inflation only. Population growth, productivity growth, interest rates, and dividend payout ratios are all key ingredients in earnings growth and they are neglected by this ratio.\n\nNo valuation ratio is ever going to explain the market fullest. Every multiple has some positives and some negatives but the Cyclically Adjusted Price-to-Earnings ratio or “CAPE” has shown remarkable ability at least in the US market for assessing long-term future returns. However there are situations when the earnings growth is higher for reasons other than inflation, Shiller PE may give a false reading, and it will show much higher value than the reality.\n\nDiversification – A lesson from Cricket\n\n\n\n\n\n\nGo for Diversification\n\n\nDiversification doesn’t mean sacrificing return\n\n\nBuild a core for Long Term Success\n\n\n\nIdentify and stick with steady Manager\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nYield Curve Primer\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe Yield curve has five major characteristics:\n\n  • At a given level, yields are mean reverting.\n\n\nThe Shape of the Yield Curve\n\n\nNormal Curve\n\n\n\nInverted Curve\n\n\n\nFlat Curve\n\n\n\nHumped Curve\n\n\n\nWhite Paper – Investment Plan\n\nOne of the parts of developing a comprehensive financial plan is the development of an investment plan. Investment Planning is the process of finding the right mix of investment option based on your future goals, time horizon, and risk profile. There are six steps that you should follow when you are developing your investment plan.\n\nThe Means to Invest\n\nIn order to even begin this portion of your financial plan, you must determine that you are ready to invest. In this step, you will determine if you are going to use the money for some good or service (spend it), or if you will invest or save the money.\n\nInvestment Time Horizon\n\nIn this step, you will be determining how long you plan to invest and when you will need the funds to meet your financial objective(s). You must decide, based on the time horizon of your objectives, among short-term investments, long-term investments or some combination. In this step, you are going to be determining what you will be saving for, which should give some indication of your time horizon.\n\nRisk and Return\n\nYou will need to determine what your level of risk tolerance is. As the level of risk tolerance increases so does the potential for higher returns as well as larger losses.\n\nInvestment Selection\n\nBased on 1, 2 and 3 above, investments should be selected to meet your goals. These investments must satisfy your time horizon and your risk tolerance.\n\nEvaluate Performance\n\nOnce investments are chosen and expectations are established, the performance of your investments should be determined by comparing the actual realized returns against the expected returns. The returns should also be compared to a benchmark, such as the Sensex or Nifty index. In addition, the investments should be reevaluated to determine if they continue to meet your investment criteria.\n\nAdjust Your Portfolio\n\nYour portfolio should be adjusted to maintain your goals and your investment criteria. If your goals change, your investments should be reviewed to determine if they continue to meet your objectives.\n\nBenefits of Investment Planning\n\n Investment planning helps you:\n\n  • Generate income and/or capital gains.\n  • Enhance your future wealth.\n  • Strengthen your investment portfolio.\n  • Save on taxes.\n\nInvestment Strategies – Passive vs. Active Strategy\n\n\nPassive strategies do not seek to outperform the market but simply to do as well as the market. The emphasis is on minimizing transaction costs and time spent in managing the portfolio because any expected benefits from active trading or analysis are likely to be less than the costs. Passive investors act as if the market is efficient and accept the consensus estimates of return and risk, accepting the current market price as the best estimate of a security’s value.\n\nA buy-and-hold strategy means exactly that – an investor buys fund or stock and basically holds them until some future time in order to meet some objective. The emphasis is on avoiding transaction costs, additional search costs, and so forth. The investor believes that such a strategy will, over some period of time, produce results as good as alternatives that require active management whereby some securities are deemed not satisfactory, sold, and replaced with other securities. These alternatives incur transaction costs and involve inevitable mistakes.\n\n\nAn active strategy involves shifting sector weights in the portfolio in order to take advantage of those sectors that are expected to do relatively better and avoid or de-emphasize those sectors that are expected to do relatively worse. Investors employing this strategy are betting that particular sectors will repeat their price performance relative to the current phase of the business and credit cycle.\n\nMost of the Mutual funds in India are actively managed. The goal of active management is to beat a particular benchmark. Because the markets are inefficient, the anomalies and irregularities in the capital markets are exploited by the active fund manager. Prices react to information slowly enough to allow skillful investors to systematically outperform the market.\n\nBuilding an Investment Portfolio\n\nAsset Allocation\n\nInvestors often consider the investment decision as consisting of two steps:\n\n  1. Asset allocation\n  2. Fund selection\n\nThe asset allocation decision refers to the allocation of portfolio assets to broad asset markets; in other words, how much of the portfolio’s funds are to be invested in stocks, how much in bonds, money market assets, and so forth. Each weight can range from zero percent to 100 percent.\n\nThe asset allocation decision may be the most important decision made by an investor.\n\nThe rationale behind this approach is that different asset classes offer various potential returns and various levels of risk, and the correlation coefficients may be quite low.\n\nPortfolio construction involves the selection of securities or mutual funds to be included in the portfolio and the determination of portfolio weights. The Modern Portfolio theory provides the basis for a scientific portfolio construction that results in efficient portfolios. An efficient portfolio is one with the highest level of expected return for a given level of risk or the lowest risk for a given level of expected return.\n\nAsset Classes\n\nPortfolio construction begins with the basic building blocks of asset classes, which are the following major categories of investments:\n\n  • Cash (or cash equivalents such as money market funds)\n  • Stocks\n  • Bonds\n  • Real Estate (including Real Estate AIF)\n  • Commodity, bullion or others\n\nEach investor must determine which of these major categories of investments is suitable for him/her. The next step is to determine which percentage of total investable assets should be allocated to each category deemed appropriate.\n\nRisk Reduction in the Portfolio\n\n\nOne has to remember that no investment is Risk-free. Every investment has the potential gain as well as losses. The diversification is not a guarantee against any potential loss. Based on your goals, time horizon, and tolerance for volatility, diversification may provide the potential to improve returns for that level of risk.\n\nA diversified portfolio is built by a judicious mix of assets—stocks, bonds, cash, or others—whose returns haven’t historically moved in the same direction, and to the same degree. This way, even if a portion of your portfolio is declining, the rest of your portfolio, hopefully, is growing. The intention of using this strategy is that the loss incurred due to the negative performance of a particular asset class is partially or wholly offset by gains via the positive performance of another asset class. Another important aspect of building a well-diversified portfolio is that you try to stay diversified within each type of investment.\n\nModern Portfolio Theory\n\nCovariance is a measure of the co-movements between securities returns used in the calculation of portfolio risk. We could analyze how security returns move together by considering the correlation coefficient, a measure of association learned in statistics.\n\nAs used in portfolio theory, the correlation coefficient is a statistical measure of the relative co-movements between security returns. It measures the extent to which the returns on any two securities are related; however, it denotes only association, not causation. It is a relative measure of association that is bounded by +1.0 and -1.0, with\n\nPi,j = +1.0, perfect positive correlation\n\nPi,j = -1.0, perfect negative (inverse) correlation\n\nPi,j = 0.0, zero correlation\n\nWith perfect positive correlation, the returns have a perfect direct linear relationship. Knowing what the return on one security will do allows an investor to forecast perfectly what the other will do.\n\nWith perfect negative correlation, the securities’ returns have a perfect inverse linear relationship to each other.\n\nWith zero correlation, there is no relationship between the returns on the two securities. Knowledge of the return on one security is of no value in predicting the return of the second security.\n\nRupee Cost Averaging\n\nThe systematic investment with mutual funds, along with consistent periodic new purchases of the mutual fund, creates risk reduction by creating a lower cost per unit owned over time. This is known as rupee cost averaging. This strategy allows one to take away the guesswork of trying to time the market. You invest a fixed amount of money at a regular interval, regardless of whether the market is high or low. By doing so, you buy fewer units when the prices are high and more units when the prices are low. Because rupee cost averaging involves regular investments during periods of fluctuating prices, you should consider your financial ability to continue investing when price levels are low. However, this approach reduces the effects of market fluctuation on the average price you pay for your shares. Additionally, it helps you maintain a regular investing plan.\n\n\nEven the best-laid investment plan will fail if you can’t control your behaviour.  That’s one of the biggest reasons for keeping your disciplined investment strategy as simple as possible.\n\n\nThere is enough statistical evidence to suggest that if you invest regularly for a long term, your money will grow on a consistent basis.\n\n\n  1. Investments: Analysis and Management by  Charles P. Jones\n\n  2. US SEC\n\nStress Test Your portfolio: After Brexit\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWhat Brexit mean?\n\n  • Currency dislocation – None. The UK doesn’t use Euro.\n\nStress Test your Portfolio Now\n\n\nScenario Analysis\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8906381130218506}
+{"content": "Quick Answer: What Year Did The US Economy Crash?\n\nWhen was the US economy at its worst?\n\nAccording to the Department of Labor, roughly 8.7 million jobs (about 7%) were shed from February 2008 to February 2010, and real GDP contracted by 4.2% between Q4 2007 and Q2 2009, making the Great Recession the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression..\n\nWhat happens if we go into a recession?\n\n\nIs USA in a recession?\n\nThe U.S. is officially experiencing an economic recession, according to a Monday statement from private non-profit research organization National Bureau of Economic Research. … “Covid-19 has already exacted an immense impact on the economy.”\n\nIs recession coming in USA?\n\nIn an August 2019 survey of 226 economists conducted by the National Association for Business Economics, 38 percent of respondents said they believe the U.S. will enter its next recession in 2020, and 34 percent picked 2021; only 14 percent say it will occur after that.\n\nWill the recession happen in 2020?\n\nPerhaps the simplest recession forecast is that historically about 1 in 5 years in modern American history has seen a recession. So on that crude basis there’s about a 20% chance of recession in any given year, including 2020. However, that’s imperfect because often recessions typically last over a year.\n\nWhat could trigger the next recession?\n\nThere is a real possibility that the U.S. economy could slip into recession sometime in the next 18 months; this risk is due largely to excessive interest rate increases in recent years and a likely fading of fiscal stimulus.\n\nWhat years did the US have a recession?\n\nGreat Depression onwardNamePeriod RangeTime since previous recession (months)Great DepressionAug 1929–Mar 19331 year 9 monthsRecession of 1937–1938May 1937–June 19384 years 2 monthsRecession of 1945Feb 1945–Oct 19456 years 8 monthsRecession of 1949Nov 1948–Oct 19493 years 1 month3 more rows\n\nWhat caused the economic crash in 2007?\n\n\nIs a recession coming in 2020?\n\nWe now expect world economic activity to decline by 1.9% in 2020 with US, eurozone and UK GDP down by 3.3%, 4.2% and 3.9%, respectively. China’s recovery from the disruption in 1Q20 will be sharply curtailed by the global recession and its annual growth will be below 2%.\n\nWho was at fault for the 2008 financial crisis?\n\nFor both American and European economists, the main culprit of the crisis was financial regulation and supervision (a score of 4.3 for the American panel and 4.4 for the European one).\n\nIs the US still in a recession?\n\nThe U.S. recession was severe but also short and is now over, said Richmond Fed President Tom Barkin on Thursday. … The U.S. economy sank at a record 31.7% annual rate in the second quarter. Economists expect sharp recovery in the third quarter.\n\nWhat years did the economy crash?\n\nThe Great Depression of 1929–39 This was the worst financial and economic disaster of the 20th century. Many believe that the Great Depression was triggered by the Wall Street crash of 1929 and later exacerbated by the poor policy decisions of the U.S. government.\n\nWhat caused the 08 crash?\n\nDeregulation in the financial industry was the primary cause of the 2008 financial crash. … The 2008 financial crisis has similarities to the 1929 stock market crash. Both involved reckless speculation, loose credit, and too much debt in asset markets, namely, the housing market in 2008 and the stock market in 1929.\n\nWho caused the 2008 recession?\n\n\nWhat will cause the next recession?\n\nA Look at the 3 Most Likely Possibilities. The expansion is nine years old. An ill-timed end of fiscal stimulus, a corporate debt bubble and the trade war are the things that could most easily end it.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9823417067527771}
+{"content": "I want to do what is good, I want to do what is right, but I always seem to do the opposite of what it is that I want to do. Why do I do what I do when I know that I should not do it or that I should do it another way? Am I the only one that struggles with this? I may be wrong, but I very seriously doubt that I am, that at least 50% of Christians either have or are struggling with this. We really want to do what we know we should do but we don’t. We do not want to do wrong, but we do. We do not want to put things off or avoid them, but we do. We do not want to act in unloving ways, but we do. We want to be obedient to God, but we aren’t. We strongly desire to change our ways but we constantly fall back into the same habits and routines. Why do we do what we do?\n\nWhen I first heard about what I am about to say I was a little confused. But it has opened up my eyes to a whole new level of understanding now. I knew that our hearts are who we really are, they are the core of our being. I understood that the good things that are within us come from our heart, where Jesus resides. But I was not fully understanding the whole heart. I did not get the fact that we do have the part of our hearts that is called “the hidden part of the heart.” The part of the heart that has to be transformed by God. The part of our heart where we have tucked away the imprints of the bad things that have gone on in and around us. The part that has the negative and wrong beliefs, the selfish desires, and the root of all our sins. Our hearts direct our lives. What is in our hearts shows out in our lives. The actions that we end up taking come from what is within our heart. But there is always more going on in the hidden part of the heart than what is seen on the surface. Meaning that there is a deeper reason to many, if not all, of our wrong actions.\n\nThe level of negative or wrong beliefs, selfish desires, wrong motives, and sins in the heart that have not been dealt with will determine the level of control that they have over you and the level of lack of control that you have over yourself. If we keep trying to stuff it all away and not deal with it, it builds up and we become ticking time bombs. We think that we can hide it and not face it and everything will be okay. We think that it is easier to stuff it away than to have to face the shame, guilt, regret, pain, anger, and fear that facing it would cause. But it is those things that we have hidden in our hearts that is causing us do the things that we do. And until we face them we will continue to do what we are doing. It is the worry, distrust, anxiety, anger, passivity, avoidance, envy, jealousy, bitterness, strife, and such things in our hidden heart that leads us to the actions, or lack of action that we take and end up regretting. It is sin ruling in the hidden part of the heart and that is what we have to let God transform about us.\n\nOnly the Holy Spirit can give us a new heart by speaking truth and love to us about what is in our heart. If we want to have that change in ourselves to where we actually do what we know we should do and have the best life that we can have, we are going to have to invite Jesus to help us face truths about what is going on in our heart. We are going to have to face the things that we have been avoiding for so long. We are going to have to face the facts about our wrong doings and own them. We are going to have to face our crap!! Nothing can be changed or healed if it is not first acknowledged.\n\nBut the good thing about it is that Jesus is going to be loving on you the whole time because He loves broken, messed up people. And He is the only one that can put the pieces back together as if it were never even cracked. He already knows everything about us, all that we have or haven’t done, and all that has been done to us so there is no need to be afraid. He is the one that is going to tell you what the root of the problem is in your heart but you have to accept it just as He accepts you. He wants to bring you out of captivity and set you free to be who you were created you to be. He wants to speak truth and love to you but you have to be willing to listen, own up to, and accept the truth that He tells you. Once everything is brought out into the light you will have nothing controlling you any longer and you will be free to live your best life, doing what you know you should do to better yourself and your life.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6281765699386597}
+{"content": "Question: What Is Impact And Pitching In Cricket?\n\nHow does pitch affect cricket?\n\nSeam & swing movement: How does the pitch contribute to it.\n\nCricket pitches with more grass on them assist swing bowling (ball moves in the air) and seam bowling (ball moves off the seam after pitching) by causing the ball to behave more erratically..\n\nWhat is the rule of LBW in cricket?\n\nLeg before wicket (lbw) is one of the ways in which a batsman can be dismissed in the sport of cricket. Following an appeal by the fielding side, the umpire may rule a batter out lbw if the ball would have struck the wicket, but was instead intercepted by any part of the batter’s body (except the hand holding the bat).\n\nWhat is outside leg in cricket?\n\nThe most important factor when an umpire considers an lbw decision is whether the ball pitched outside leg stump. If the ball lands outside the line the of leg stump, the batsman cannot be given out – even if the ball would have gone on to hit the stumps.\n\nWhat is plumb lbw?\n\nAdjective. plumb (comparative more plumb, superlative most plumb) Truly vertical, as indicated by a plumb line. (cricket) Describing an LBW where the batsman is hit on the pads directly in front of his wicket and should be given out.\n\nCan lbw pitch outside off?\n\nAnd so in 1937 the law was changed to allow LBW if the ball pitched outside off-stump, as long it hit the pad in line with the stumps. Eighty years on, that is still pretty much the law as it stands, apart from the 1970 provision that a batsman could be out outside the off-stump if not attempting a stroke.\n\nWhat are the 42 laws of cricket?\n\n\nWhy does the ball have to pitch in line for lbw?\n\nThe exception to the fifth condition (ball must impact in line) involves the judgment of the umpire on whether the batsman has attempted to play a shot at the ball. It is designed to prevent batsmen from merely kicking the ball away outside the off stump, which provides no chance of giving up a catch off the bat.\n\nWhat if the ball pitches outside the pitch?\n\nThe mere fact that the ball pitches outside the pitch doesn’t qualify it for being called ‘dead ball’. That ball may turn in and come within playable distance (reach of batsman) and not be a wide, too. Or the batsman may go out of his way to play it and score runs.\n\nWhat is impact in cricket?\n\nImpact in LBW shows the line where the ball had hit the batsman in front of the wickets. If the ball has hit the batsman ( apart from his bat first and gloves) right in the line of the stumps then it is called impact in-line.\n\nWhat is umpires call in LBW?\n\nWhat is Umpire’s Call? ‘Umpire’s Call’ is used when the DRS essentially gives the ‘benefit of the doubt’ to the on-field decision in case of inconclusive technological evidence. So when less than 50% of the ball is hitting the stumps, excluding the bails, as per the ball-tracking technology, it’s the umpire’s call.\n\nCan you be out lbw on a full toss?\n\nIf it is a full toss the umpire MUST assume the path at impact will continue after impact. The term “LBW” whilst meaning Leg Before Wicket also allows the batsman to be out if the ball strikes any other part of his body, even his shoulder or head! … The ball does not always pitch before hitting the batsman.\n\nCan a batsman run 5 runs without overthrow?\n\nThere are rare instances of “fours” being all run when the ball does not reach the boundary. A “five” is possible, but usually arises from a mistake by the fielders, such as an overthrow. The batsman is never compelled to run and can deliberately play without attempting to score.\n\nWhy is pitching outside leg not lbw?\n\nSo consider if it is out even if pitches outside leg stump, then the bowlers job would be pretty easy, and the batsman can hardly stand. But if the bowler bowls from the off side of the batsman, it is his bat comes first then the leg, hence outside off stump LBW is considered OUT.\n\nWhat does leg before wicket mean?\n\n\nWhat are byes in cricket?\n\nIn cricket, a bye is a type of extra run scored by the batting team when the ball has not been hit by the batsman and the ball has not hit the batsman’s body.\n\nWho was invented the cricket?\n\nThere is a consensus of expert opinion that cricket may have been invented during Saxon or Norman times by children living in the Weald, an area of dense woodlands and clearings in south-east England.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7950602173805237}
+{"content": "2020-07-20T20:11:06.675Z weekly 0.8 Will artificial intelligence save or ruin the world? 2020-06-29T18:00:52.097Z weekly 0.8 How should states reopen while preventing the spread of COVID? 2020-02-28T03:43:16.762Z weekly 0.8 Should the president be required to seek congressional approval before taking military action? 2020-05-22T22:44:05.446Z weekly 0.8 Should mail-in voting be mandated by the federal government? 2020-03-04T02:53:23.837Z weekly 0.8 Should there be work requirements to qualify for government assistance programs like food stamps? 2020-03-01T23:22:32.044Z weekly 0.8 What is the best way to counter China’s technological threat to the United States? 2020-03-04T02:54:33.451Z weekly 0.8 Is the U.S. doing enough to protect its security from China’s 5G advancements? 2020-08-10T21:44:43.834Z weekly 0.8 Should U.S. students go back to school in-person or virtually this fall? 2020-09-22T12:25:30.477Z weekly 0.8 How do we fix Congress? 2020-09-22T20:11:16.152Z weekly 0.8 What role should government play in mental health care? 2020-09-29T12:23:26.118Z weekly 0.8 Is proxy voting good for Congress? 2020-10-01T17:39:44.566Z weekly 0.8 Which presidential candidate has a better immigration policy? 2020-10-12T20:49:12.445Z weekly 0.8 Can Congress come together on climate change solutions? 2020-10-29T19:52:04.150Z weekly 0.8 How should big media tech be regulated? 2020-11-03T16:52:46.569Z weekly 0.8 Should we raise the federal minimum wage? 2020-11-10T21:38:52.146Z weekly 0.8 Should the electoral college be eliminated? 2020-12-08T22:27:32.509Z weekly 0.8 Should there be a federal mask mandate? 2020-12-17T17:47:49.616Z weekly 0.8 Should the U.S. Re-enter the Paris Climate Agreement? 2021-01-16T00:25:57.644Z weekly 0.8 Should the President have been impeached? 2021-01-26T21:13:07.400Z weekly 0.8 Should the U.S. rejoin the Iran Nuclear Deal? 2021-04-08T14:33:50.499Z weekly 0.8 Should background checks be required on all gun sales and transfers? 2021-04-13T22:54:15.911Z weekly 0.8 Should the federal minimum wage be raised to 15 dollars? 2021-04-23T00:52:42.055Z weekly 0.8 Should the U.S. abolish the death penalty? 2021-05-03T23:43:39.278Z weekly 0.8 Do we need a wall on the southern border? 2021-05-14T00:03:54.472Z weekly 0.8 Should congress eliminate the filibuster?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000100135803223}
+{"content": "You are looking at 1 - 10 of 27 items for :\n\n  • Type: Journal Issue x\n  • Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth x\n  • Industries; Land Use; Labor x\nClear All Modify Search\nMr. Gonzalo Salinas\nThe lack of a clear link between general economic fundamentals and export diversification indicators in the literature has fueled the believe that industrial policies are an absolute requisite to diversify exports. This paper, however, does find a strong statistical connection between horizontal policies and diversification by making two novel changes to traditional methodologies: using export categories that lead to diversification (for example, manufactures) as dependent variables, and using a gravity-equation regression setting. Proximity to other economies explains about a third of cross-country heterogeneity in targeted exports, and four fifths together with horizontal policies. Australia, Chile, and New Zealand emerge as new role models for diversification policies.\nMs. Natasha X Che\nUruguay experienced one of its biggest economic booms in history during 2004-2014. Since then, growth has come down significantly. The paper investigates the various causes of the boom and discusses the sustainability of these causes. It then compares Uruguay against high-growth countries that were once at a similar income level, across a broad set of structural indicators, to identify priority reform areas that could improve long-term growth prospect.\nAta Can Bertay, Ljubica Dordevic, and Can Sever\nWe study whether higher gender equality facilitates economic growth by enabling better allocation of a valuable resource: female labor. By allocating female labor to its more productive use, we hypothesize that reducing gender inequality should disproportionately benefit industries with typically higher female share in their employment relative to other industries. Specifically, we exploit within-country variation across industries to test whether those that typically employ more women grow relatively faster in countries with ex-ante lower gender inequality. The test allows us to identify the causal effect of gender inequality on industry growth in value-added and labor productivity. Our findings show that gender inequality affects real economic outcomes.\nMs. Anja Baum\nDespite starting as one of the poorest countries in the mid-1980s, Vietnam has achieved rapid developmental progress, reaching lower middle-income status in 2010. In line with rapid economic growth, Vietnam has achieved impressive progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) during this time. This paper sheds light on some elements of Vietnam’s success story, highlighting crucial policies in education and electricity sectors. It undertakes a forward-looking costing exercise that focusses on five sectors – education, health, roads, water, and electricity infrastructure. Achieving the remaining SDGs in Vietnam will be a challenge, with total annual additional spending needs in the 5 subsectors estimated at 7 percent of GDP by 2030.\nMs. Pritha Mitra, Eric M. Pondi Endengle, Ms. Malika Pant, and Luiz F. Almeida\nGlobal attention to ending child marriage and its socio-economic consequences is gaining momentum. Ending child marriage is not only critical from a development perspective but it also has important economic implications. This paper is the first to quantify the relationship between child marriage and economic growth. Applying a simultaneous equations model, the analysis shows that eliminating child marriage would significantly improve economic growth—if child marriage were ended today, long-term annual per capita real GDP growth in emerging and developing countries would increase by 1.05 percentage points. The results also provide insights on policy prioritization in developing comprehensive strategies to end child marriage. For example, the strong interdependent relationship between education and child marriage suggests that education policies and the budgets that support them should place greater emphasis on reducing child marriage.\nMs. Burcu Hacibedel, Pierre Mandon, Ms. Priscilla S Muthoora, and Nathalie Pouokam\nThis paper provides evidence of a strong relationship between the short-term dynamics of growth and inequality in developing economies. We find that reductions in inequality during growth upswings are largely reversed during growth slowdowns. Using a new methodology (mediation analysis), we identify unemployment, and youth unemployment especially, as the main channel through which fluctuations in growth affect future dynamics in inequality. These findings suggest that both the quality of jobs created and labor market policies are important to ensure that growth outcomes are conducive to inequality reduction.\nMr. Ruben V Atoyan and Jesmin Rahman\nThe Western Balkan countries have some of the lowest female labor force participation and employment rates across Europe. Almost two-thirds of working age women in the region are either inactive or unemployed: a huge bite into human capital for a region that endures high emigration and faces declining working age population. The paper uses both macro- and micro-level data to explore what explains low participation and employment rates among women in the region. Our findings show that improving educational attainment, having a more balanced family leave policy, and reducing tax wedge help improve participation of women in the labor force. However, these measures are not enough to notably improve employability of women, which require stronger growth supported by robust institutions.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9951329827308655}
+{"content": "Deafened by the light\n\nDeafened by the light is an experimental performance exploring the blurred space at the intersection of light and sound. It's a journey through waves that can be seen and heard as well, through beats in 4/4 and pixels and laser beams.\n\nJust like in every musical composition, in which every instrument plays its part but never stops to talk and interact with the others, in this multi-media pièce different forms of expression constantly interact to create a mesmerising spatial experience in which the audience is immersed.\n\nDeafened by the light is a concerto for light and sounds.\n\nDBL, ITA 2016\n\n00 Line up\n20 Doors\n21 Defeaned by the light\n22 flexing/moment + vigacurva AV set\n24 Afterparty\n\nVergangene Termine", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9916945695877075}
+{"content": "Home FAIR Principles\n\nIn 2016, the ‘FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship’ were published in Scientific Data. The authors intended to provide guidelines to improve the Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse of digital assets. The principles emphasise machine-actionability (i.e., the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention) because humans increasingly rely on computational support to deal with data as a result of the increase in volume, complexity, and creation speed of data.\n\nA practical “how to” guidance to go FAIR can be found in the Three-point FAIRification Framework.\n\n\nF1. (Meta)data are assigned a globally unique and persistent identifier\n\nF2. Data are described with rich metadata (defined by R1 below)\n\nF3. Metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data they describe\n\nF4. (Meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource\n\nOnce the user finds the required data, she/he/they need to know how can they be accessed, possibly including authentication and authorisation.\n\nA1. (Meta)data are retrievable by their identifier using a standardised communications protocol\n\nA1.1 The protocol is open, free, and universally implementable\n\nA1.2 The protocol allows for an authentication and authorisation procedure, where necessary\n\nA2. Metadata are accessible, even when the data are no longer available\n\n\nI1. (Meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation.\n\nI2. (Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles\n\nI3. (Meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data\n\n\nR1. (Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes\n\nR1.1. (Meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license\n\nR1.2. (Meta)data are associated with detailed provenance\n\nR1.3. (Meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9193294048309326}
+{"content": "Orgenesis Stock Target Price and Analyst Consensus\n\nORGS -  USA Stock  \n\nUSD 4.78  0.13  2.65%\n\nThe current analyst and expert consensus on Orgenesis is Strong Buy, with 0 strong sell and 1 strong buy opinions. The current projected Orgenesis target price consensus is 9.0 with 1 analyst opinions. The most common way Orgenesis analysts use to provide recommendation to the public is financial statements analysis. Many experts also interview Orgenesis executives and customers to further validate their buy or sell advice. Please note, the number of analysts providing the opinion is not sufficient to provide adequate consensus on Orgenesis. We encourage you to use your own analysis of Orgenesis to validate this buy or sell advice. Orgenesis buy-or-sell recommendation module provides average expert sentiment on the projected Orgenesis target price to derive its highest and lowest estimates based on projected price volatility of 0.0. Please check Macroaxis Advice on Orgenesis to cross-verify analyst projections. Unlike analyst recommendations, Macroaxis provides advice only from the perspective of investor risk tolerance and investment horizon.\n\nSearch Analyst Recommendations \n\n\nOrgenesis Target Price Consensus\n\nWe track the performance of the top 100 financial experts across various large and mid-size financial boutiques. Orgenesis target price is determined by taking all analyst projections and averaging them out. There is no one specific way to measure analysis performance other than comparing it to the past results via a very sophisticated attribution analysis. Orgenesis target price projections below should be used in combination with other traditional price prediction techniques such as stock price forecasting, technical analysis, earnings estimate, and various momentum models.\nNumber of OpinionsOne\nLowered Outlook0\nRaized Outlook0\nStrong Buy\nMost Orgenesis analysts issue ratings four times a year, at intervals of three months. Ratings are usually accompanied by a target price to helps potential investors understand Orgenesis stock's fair price compared to its market value. Analysts arrive at stock ratings after researching public financial statements of Orgenesis, talking to its executives and customers, or listening to those companies' conference calls.\nMacroaxis Advice   Exposure   Valuation\n\nOrgenesis Target Price Projection\n\nOrgenesis' current and average target prices are 4.78 and 9.00, respectively. The current price of Orgenesis is the price at which Orgenesis is currently trading. On the other hand, Orgenesis' target price is what analysts think the stock is worth or could sell for in the future. The more significant the discrepancy between the two prices, the more it stimulates investors to act.\n\nCurrent Price\n\nOrgenesis Market Quote on 28th of July 2021\n\nLow Price4.76Odds\nHigh Price4.85Odds\n\n\nTarget Price\n\nAnalyst Consensus On Orgenesis Target Price\n\nLow Estimate9.0Odds\nHigh Estimate9.0Odds\nNumber of AnalystsOne\nStandard Deviation0.0\n\n\nNote that most analysts generally publish their price targets in research reports on specific companies, along with recommendations for the company's stock.Although price targets are often quoted in the financial news media, there could be a delay between the publication of the latest analyst outlook on Orgenesis and the information provided on this page.\n\nOrgenesis Analyst Ratings\n\nOrgenesis' analyst stock recommendations are determined by taking an average estimate of all analysts we track and classifying them as Strong Buy, Buy, Hold, Strong Sell, or Sell. Ratings generally communicate what analysts sense about Orgenesis stock, and they use a lot of effort and time to analyze it and arrive at a rating. That suggests that analyst recommendations are the outcome of an objective and thorough examination of Orgenesis' financials, market performance, and future outlook by experienced professionals. Orgenesis' historical ratings below, therefore, can serve as a valuable tool for investors.\n\nAverage Consensus Estimates\n\nAbout Orgenesis Target Price Projections\n\n\nAdditional Orgenesis Value Projection Modules\n\nMost investment researchers agree that the mispricing and readjustment of any Stock value happens often and is sometimes even predictable, but there is no strong theory explaining why it happens. The current price of Orgenesis is a key component of Orgenesis valuation and have some predictive power on the future returns of a Orgenesis.\nSophisticated investors, who have witnessed many market ups and downs, frequently view the market will even out over time. This tendency of Orgenesis' price to converge to an average value over time is called mean reversion. However, historically, high market prices usually discourage investors that believe in mean reversion to invest, while low prices are viewed as an opportunity to buy. Please use the tools below to analyze the current value of Orgenesis in the context of predictive analytics.\nLowEstimated ValueHigh\nLowReal ValueHigh\nLowNext ValueHigh\nBand Projection (param)\nLowerMiddle BandUpper\nPlease note, it is not enough to conduct a financial or market analysis of a single entity such as Orgenesis. Your research has to be compared to or analyzed against Orgenesis' peers to derive any actionable benefits. When done correctly, Orgenesis' competitive analysis will give you plenty of quantitative and qualitative data to validate your investment decisions or develop an entirely new strategy towards taking a position in Orgenesis.\n\nCurrently Trending Themes\n\nMillennials Best\nInvested over 20 shares\nDisruptive Technologies\nInvested over 30 shares\nPlease check Macroaxis Advice on Orgenesis to cross-verify analyst projections. Unlike analyst recommendations, Macroaxis provides advice only from the perspective of investor risk tolerance and investment horizon. Note that the Orgenesis information on this page should be used as a complementary analysis to other Orgenesis' statistical models used to find the right mix of equity instruments to add to your existing portfolios or create a brand new portfolio. You can also try Watchlist Optimization module to optimize watchlists to build efficient portfolio or rebalance existing positions based on mean-variance optimization algorithm.\n\nComplementary Tools for Orgenesis Stock analysis\n\nWhen running Orgenesis price analysis, check to measure Orgenesis' market volatility, profitability, liquidity, solvency, efficiency, growth potential, financial leverage, and other vital indicators. We have many different tools that can be utilized to determine how healthy Orgenesis is operating at the current time. Most of Orgenesis' value examination focuses on studying past and present price action to predict the probability of Orgenesis' future price movements. You can analyze the entity against its peers and financial market as a whole to determine factors that move Orgenesis' price. Additionally, you may evaluate how the addition of Orgenesis to your portfolios can decrease your overall portfolio volatility.\nPortfolio File Import\nPortfolio Manager\nMy Watchlist Analysis\nPortfolio Optimization\nPortfolio Backtesting\nAvoid under-diversification and over-optimization by backtesting your portfolios\nPortfolio Diagnostics\nUse generated alerts and portfolio events aggregator to diagnose current holdings\nHeadlines Timeline\nPiotroski F Score\nRisk-Return Analysis\nView associations between returns expected from investment and the risk you assume\nThe data published in Orgenesis' official financial statements usually reflect Orgenesis' business processes, product offerings, services, and other fundamental events. But there are other numbers, ratios, or fundamental indicators derived from these statements that are easier to understand and visualize within the underlying realities that drive quantitative information of Orgenesis. For example, before you start analyzing numbers published by Orgenesis accountants, it's critical to develop an understanding of what Orgenesis' liquidity, profitability, and earnings quality are in the context of the Healthcare space in which it operates.\nPlease note, the presentation of Orgenesis' financial position, as portrayed in its financial statements, is often influenced by management's estimates, judgments, and sometimes even manipulations. In the best case, Orgenesis' management is honest, while the outside auditors are strict and uncompromising. Whatever the case, the imprecision that can be found in Orgenesis' accounting process means that the reasonable investor should take a skeptical approach toward the financial statement analysis of Orgenesis. Please utilize our Beneish M Score to check the likelihood of Orgenesis' management to manipulate its earnings.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9703369140625}
+{"content": "Improving Written Content: 9 Tools to Get You Motivated\n\nImproving written content is oftentimes easier said than done. Even veteran content marketers can struggle to produce flowing, coherent writing. It can be challenging to come up with something engaging from time to time.\n\nMore often than not, we overcomplicate our written content. We do this by getting lost in the technical side while feeling pressured by a looming deadline. Good writing is often more simple and straightforward than we make it. This is why people want to read it.\n\nThe good news is there are a number of tools available that can help when you’re losing your words. These tools perform an array of functions from helping organize your content calendar to actually improving your writing style. Listed below are nine tools that can help you put the spurs to your writing efforts.\n\n1. Trello\n\nMaintaining a content calendar is essential for anyone who wants to write consistently for business purposes.\n\nTrello allows users to collaborate with one another easily and effectively. Collaborators can gather and swap ideas together as they stay on top of their to-do lists. The app also enables everyone involved to keep track of progress.\n\nWhat’s more, the user interface on Trello is very intuitive and easy to pick up. The drag-and-drop feature, in particular, means anyone can get up and running in no time.\n\n2. Blog Topic Generator by Hubspot\n\nBlog Topic Generator is a tool that lets you input three keywords to automatically generate at least five possible topics for your next (brilliant) post.\n\nThis can be very handy for people who have a set of keywords or themes in mind but are unsure what to write about more specifically.\n\nWe all need to drive a consistent schedule for marketing purposes. Sometimes, this means that originality gets lost. Hubspot’s blog topic tool helps prevent that by broadening the options and unlocking creativity.\n\n3. Daily Page\n\nDaily Page is a platform that allows writers to develop writing stamina with the help of prompts. A reminder is sent out every day to users, delivered straight to their inbox.\n\nAside from that, subscribing to the service allows members to access structured courses that can help improve their writing skills. These have been produced with the help of professional editors and aim to develop both technical and creative skills.\n\nIs your written content improving? The platform also provides statistics and personal writing scores to help users keep track of their progress.\n\n4. Coffitivity\n\nOne of the more unique programs for writing is Coffitivity. This tool allows you to access and play various kinds of noise to help refresh your productivity and writing capacity.\n\nCoffitivity provides users with limitless café background sounds with different volume levels to choose from. Some of the most common choices include Morning Murmur, Lunchtime Lounge, University Undertones, Brazil Bistro, and Texas Teahouse.\n\nUsers can download the Coffitivity OSX app if they wish to continue using the tool even without an internet connection.\n\n5. ProWritingAid\n\nSmart writers will always have proofreading tools at the ready to help them bring out the best in their written content. ProWritingAid provides users with a platform for analyzing their style and checking their grammar.\n\nUnlike other grammar checkers, ProWritingAid also works as a mentor and provides in-depth reporting and tutoring to strengthen your writing.\n\nThere is a free version of ProWritingAid which includes grammar and spelling checks, as well as some basic reporting elements.\n\n6. BrainyQuote\n\nIf you’re looking for a tool that might drive fresh inspiration, you should definitely check out BrainyQuote. Their website is one of the biggest libraries of inspirational quotes around and is also very user-friendly.\n\nIt’s possible to find a specific quote from a well-known celebrity, politician, author, or other public figures to add to, and thus improve, your writing project. Users can also search based on topics such as leadership, success, and peace, for example.\n\n7. HemingwayApp\n\nErnest Hemingway is widely admired for his writing style, which is why this editing application was named after him. This tool allows you to make your writing far easier to read by identifying ways to make it simpler to understand.\n\nYou simply have to paste your content into the app. HemingwayApp will highlight areas for improvement as well as explain how to go about it. You can also use the tool to check readability.\n\n8. OneLook Thesaurus\n\nOneLook Thesaurus provides writers with a tool that lets them describe a concept and receive a list of words or phrases related to their input. The description can be nearly anything from a single world to a whole sentence.\n\nThe app allows users to do things such as identify a word even if they only know its definition. You can also explore synonyms and generate a list of words in a specific category.\n\n9. Listly\n\nThis program lets you create list posts that your audience can access and interact with. In fact, the Listly community can vote on items in these lists to gauge which are the most pressing and popular.\n\nYou can use these interactive lists by embedding them in your online posts or for research purposes. It’s another way to ensure that the content you provide is what your readers are interested in.\n\nA few examples of lists you can make include playlists, app lists, product lists, and location lists. Listly also comes with its own web application, iOS app, and Google extension so you can use it on almost any device.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8116017580032349}
+{"content": "Democratic Republic of Congo plans to import Zimbabwe elephants\n\nTHE Democratic Republic of Congo has applied to import elephants and other animals from Zimbabwe, as the Central African country has vast areas of suitable land.\n\nThe DRC wants to import elephants, kudus, giraffes and antelopes, the country’s ambassador to Zimbabwe, Mwampanga Mwana Nanga, told reporters in the capital, Harare, Wednesday.\n\nZimbabwe has 84 000 elephants and the country plans to lobby for the lifting of the ban on ivory trade at the CITES meeting to be held in Johannesburg from Sept. 24.-Bloomberg", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000050067901611}
+{"content": "Best Data Analysis Consulting Service Provider and Analyst Company\n\nWhat is Data Analysis?\n\nData Analysis is defined as a process used by researchers to reduce, transform, and model data to discover useful insights by reducing a large data into smaller part. During the process of data analysis, three important things happen: (1) Data Organization, (2) Data Reduction & (3) Data Analysis. In a research paper, the data analysis section is written right after the approaches and tests used. Through this section, it is demonstrated how you organized your data, what statistical methods were applied, and how you assessed the acquired outcome.\n\nHere are the some of the helpful tips to consider when writing your paper:\n\n  • Never analyze the results in the data analysis section of your research.\n  • Determine whether the research method you used is either quantitative or qualitative.\n  • Present your key research questions and the analysis approaches that were used to answer them.\n  • State which tools or software has been used in collecting and analyzing your data.\n  • Record a complete list of the data sources, which include digital archives and online reports of various institutions.\n  • Make clear explanation of how the data were summarized and what standards of variability you have utilized.\n  • Keep in mind to discuss about the data transformations, including data normalizing.\n  • Include the full name of statistical tests used.\n  • When analyzing the raw data and the results, explain the graphical techniques used.\n\nOn the other hand, you can look for expert advice from people who have done successful data analysis or you can start to hire a reliable Data Analysis Services.\n\nTypes of Data in Research\n\nEvery type of data possesses an odd quality of explaining things once assigning a particular value to it is carried out. For data analysis, it is required to organize these values, and process it in a given context to make it useful. Below are the primary types of data:\n\n  1. Qualitative Data: It is considered to be semi-structured or unstructured in nature, which can be generated through audio and video recordings, interview transcripts and focus groups, texts and documents, images and symbols, as well as observations and notes. It is typically used to answer the question “why” and can be used for developing hypotheses and preliminary understandings, as well as for interpretations and theorizations.\n  2. Quantitative Data: In contrast to qualitative data, it is considered to be structured in nature, which can be generated through experiments, tests, market reports, surveys and metrics. It is ideally used to answer the question “how much or how many”.\n  3. Categorical Data: It is usually divided into groups such as age group, sex, race and educational level, for example. It can be generate through the use of data tables. This type of data can take on numerical values, for example, using numbers “1” to indicate male category and “2” to indicate female category. However, those designated numbers do not have mathematical meaning.\n\nThe importance of data analysis in research has been very evident as researchers fully depend on data as they have to formulate or develop a story in order to solve a problem. It begins on asking a specific question and data is used as a tool to answer that question. Researchers are expected to analyze data in an open and unbiased approach towards unexpected patterns, expressions and outcomes.\n\nData analysis is not an easy task to do, most especially if you do not have sufficient knowledge or experience in carrying out such activities. Therefore, you can freely seek for assistance from experienced people or even hire the best Data Analysis Services in the UAE.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5205154418945312}
+{"content": "Skip to main content\n\nGenesis 6 Mysteries of Genesis\n\nGenesis 6 Mysteries of Genesis\ntable of contentsback to books\n\nPage 73\n\nChapter IV: The Reaction to Sense Living\n\nGenesis 6 Spiritually Interpreted\n\nGen. 6:1-7. And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the ground, and daughters were born unto them, that the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all that they chose. And Jehovah said, My Spirit shall not strive with man for ever, for that he also is flesh: yet shall his days be a hundred and twenty years. The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them: the same were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown.\n\n\nHow do the \"sons of God\" wed the \"daughters of men,\" and what is the fruit of such a union?\n\nWhen we lower our ideals to a material basis, \"the sons of God\" are taking unto themselves wives of \"the daughters of men.\" \"Jehovah saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.\" When we join spiritual faculties like faith, will, and imagination to material surroundings and personalities and sensual desires, we are falling short of the law of Being, which is that these higher faculties shall draw from the formless and be joined to that realm. The Nephilim represent spiritual ideas (sons of God) uniting with psychical forces to\n\nPage 74\n\nbring forth unregenerated physical forces. To unite spiritual ideas with sensual images is in direct opposition to divine law and in the Scripture is termed \"wickedness.\"\n\nWhen the wrong use of the spiritual faculties reaches a certain limit, the law (Lord) of our being begins to regulate the consciousness. Outraged nature reacts; a destruction of the false, man-made condition sets in. This it is which is symbolized in the Book of Genesis by the \"flood\" of Noah.\n\nGen. 6:8-17. But Noah found favor in the eyes of Jehovah. These are the generations of Noah. Noah was a righteous man, and perfect in his generations: Noah walked with God. And Noah begat three sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. And the earth was corrupt before God, and the earth was filled with violence. And God saw the earth, and, behold, it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted their way upon the earth.\n\n\nWhat is the reaction to living in sense consciousness?\n\nLamech, the name of Noah's father, is a name\n\nPage 75\n\nsignifying \"a strong young man,\" and the name Noah means \"rest.\" In the days of our youth we idealize the material world and devote our spiritual faculties to the things of sense. This devotion becomes so complete that we no longer use our spiritual faculties for their proper functions on the spiritual plane. This results in abnormal conditions, and the balance must be restored. A reaction sets in and there is a flood of seemingly adverse experiences. But Noah (rest) finds \"favor in the eyes of Jehovah.\"\n\nWhat is represented by Lamech and by Noah, and what is their metaphysical relationship? What are the causes and results of crosscurrents in the body consciousness?\n\nOne who has indulged the strength of youth (Lamech) in pursuing the things of sense until under the law of spiritual equilibrium he begins to require rest (Noah) may have bodily ills. The cross-currents of thought have brought about a precipitation of negation in the body consciousness, caused by wicked or error thoughts clashing with the spiritually positive ideas. This is followed by the \"flood,\" which drowns out the material thoughts and cleanses the \"earth.\"\n\nHow is a balance maintained between the positive and negative conditions in the body?\n\nScience teaches that man's body contains all the elements that are found in the earth. This gives rise to the thought of \"ashes to ashes, dust to dust.\" Religion however goes a step farther and says that man is the epitome of Being, that he is like his Maker in spirit, soul, and body, the image and likeness of God. If man's body is of the same character as the earth, it is in some of its aspects like its prototype. The earth's surface is three fourths water and the body is about eighty per cent water. This is a major negative condition that needs but little augmenting to cause an overflow or a \"flood.\" Only our positive spiritual thoughts hold back a deluge, and once there is an overbalance\n\nPage 76\n\nthe negative is let loose and there is great destruction. There is no stopping this flood by any material means, and one who is spiritually wise will not fear it but rather rejoice in the body cleansing it brings about.\n\nJust as the earth's waters evaporate and surround it with clouds of mist, so the mists and clouds of life surround man's body. As the physical forces move on these mists and clouds of earth, so do the mental forces move on and cause the invisible ethers to condense and flood the body with its own negative thoughts. The poetic words \"A flood of thoughts came o'er me\" is no metaphor but a physiological fact. When mind and body reach a certain tenseness or strained condition, the law forces a conjunction, and a flood is certain to follow. This is exemplified by what is called a \"nervous breakdown.\" Someone has said that America is fast becoming a nation of neurotics. We certainly need this lesson of Noah (rest) to learn to let go of physical tenseness and material things. This rest can be attained only when we realize that our faculties are spiritual and must seek spiritual expression.\n\nDiscuss experimentation versus spiritual revelation.\n\nMan is an epitome of all that exists in Being, even as regards the Spirit of God, which is inspired in him. But man is a free agent. He can open his mind to the divine intelligence and know the creative law or he can work out his unfoldment through blind experimentation. Our race is in the experimental stage. In our ignorance we transgress the law to the very limit, and then, a great reaction sets in; a general condition that is negative to the point of dissolution. Then that in us which always looks obediently to God in an extremity\n\nPage 77\n\nis awakened and we seek the divine law. This obedient disposition is represented by Noah, through whom the seed of a new state of consciousness is saved.\n\n\nWhat and where in consciousness is the \"ark\" of Jehovah?\n\nThe only refuge from this \"flood\" is the ark of Jehovah. The ark represents a positive, saving state of consciousness, which agrees with or forms a covenant with the principle of Being, with subconscious inspiration, with Christ. This ark is the product of \"rest,\" \"abiding\" (Noah), in the spiritual part of us, right in the midst of the flood of error. Noah heeded not the jeers of the people about him but rested on the promise of God.\n\nWhat is the significance of the dimensions of the ark? What are the animals, why \"two of every sort,\" and how are they fed?\n\nYour ark must be built on a scientific understanding of the truth as regards the presence, power, and wisdom of God. This is suggested by the mathematical dimensions prescribed for the ark. Your ark is built on affirmations of what you are in Spirit. You take with you into the ark your wife, your sons and their wives (spiritual principles inhering in the soul),\n\nPage 78\n\nand \"of every living thing of all flesh, two of every sort\" (male and female or positive and negative activities of life in the organism).\n\nThe idea of divine Truth must be fed with true affirmations as you are being lifted up and above the flood of error thoughts that surge about you. In due time the waters of negation will subside and enable you to walk forth and to people the \"earth\" of your body with new and better ideas.\n\nIn case the error thoughts destroy the body of flesh, the ark represents the new body that the mind spiritually projects and that forms the basis of the organism in the new incarnation.\n\nDiscuss the symbolism of Noah and the Flood in relation to the unfoldment of a certain faculty of being.\n\nThe story of Noah and the Flood portrays in wonderful symbolism the manner in which one of the faculties of being operates in unfolding the perfect man. The faculty of renunciation is twofold in action: it eliminates the error, and it expands the good. The name Noah connotes the sweet rest and quiet comfort that come after the soul has worked out some of its problems in consciousness and has perceived that there is an original spark of divinity in man that is most sacred and holy and that man's spiritual development consists in the expansion of this original divine spark. Jehovah, the image-and-likeness man created by Elohim God, recognizes only the good and instructs His Adam man to open his consciousness to good thoughts and to cleanse his consciousness from all evil by the flood waters of denial.\n\nMan is making his body temple an eternal dwelling place for the soul. His goal is to bring into expression the kingdom of the heavens and to establish it within himself. To do this he needs to realize that the old is constantly passing away and the new constantly coming in according to the outworking of the law. He should not resist this change but rather assist in bringing it about. We are born daily and we die daily in some phase of consciousness. Some errors may stick in our mind for a while, but when new light is born in consciousness, old thoughts are carried away by Noah's Flood.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5042141675949097}
+{"content": "Nicola Sturgeon has confirmed that all of Scotland will move into Level 0 from 19 July, the lowest level of restrictions since the beginning of the pandemic. \n\nThis means that as of next Monday (19th), the number of people who can meet indoors will rise to eight people from four households, with ten people from four households able to meet in an indoor public place such as a pub.\n\nAdditionally, hospitality businesses will be able to open until midnight, and soft play centres in areas moving from Level 2 will also be able to reopen.\n\nHowever, the Scottish First Minister has called on businesses to allow employees to continue to work from home where possible until 9 August to “reduce the extent to which people are meeting up in enclosed environments or travelling together”.\n\nFace masks will also be required to be worn in indoor settings, and nightclubs and other adult entertainment venues will remain closed.\n\nRead the guidance on what you can do in Level 0 here.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9926716685295105}
+{"content": "If you’ve seen a large number of bonsai tree photos or have even attended an exhibition yourself, you’ve probably witnessed the art of wire wrapping a bonsai. But, of course, if you’re a beginner and don’t have much experience with bonsai, the wire may come as a surprise. However, for those well-versed in caring for these diminutive greens, using wires to manipulate tree shapes is standard practice.\n\nWiring bonsai trees are more common than you would think, but it’s a far cry from those miniature manicured trees we’ve all grown accustomed to. If you’re new or curious about this art form, below is some basic information to help you understand.\n\nWhat Is The Point Of Using A Wire On Bonsai Trees?\n\nBefore you can truly grasp the concept of bonsai wrapping, it is essential to understand how these miniature trees work.\n\nEssentially, a bonsai tree is a mini version of a mature adult tree, as you would see in a garden. To achieve this result, young trees or shrubs will need manipulation, pruning, and forming to look precisely like their enlarged counterparts.\n\nWhere does the wire come in, you ask? As old and young trees grow significantly different, wiring is the only way to manipulate their branches into the desired shape. For example, mature lifesize trees have branches that grow downward, whereas young trees will always grow upward.\n\nThe wire allows one to sculpt the tree into a mature form and coax the branches downward. This will enable the tree to look mature and fully grown.\n\nBonsai Wire Types\n\nYou can, of course, use any wire, in theory, to help your bonsai grow the way you want. However, bonsai growers will often choose one of the two most common types available: annealed copper or anodized aluminum.\n\nAnnealed copper wire is thin copper wiring that has been heated through fire. This ensures the wire becomes more pliable and easier to shape without breakage. Once the annealed copper wire is bent or twisted around bonsai branches, it becomes sturdier and will hold its shape nicely.\n\nCopper wire is known for a high level of strength and durability. In addition, it can prevent the tree branches from springing back to their natural positions. It is worth noting that it’s not easy to purchase this wire online. However, Adam’s Bonsai has a decent selection.\n\nAnodized aluminum wire comes in dark colors such as black or brown, so it can blend well with trees. When aluminum is anodized, it is treated to ensure it isn’t susceptible to corrosion and goes through an electrochemical process.\n\nIt is the ideal choice for beginners because it is easily acquired and simple enough to work with. In addition, its softness is a positive attribute, and it is budget-friendly.\n\nWire Sizing\n\nYou can find a large number of different sizes when it comes to the wire. For shaping tender foliage, thin wiring is a good idea. However, bending or shaping larger branches, thick diameter wiring is a necessity.\n\nHow To Secure Drainage Screens\n\nPots used for housing bonsai trees require drainage holes. However, you need to take special care to ensure no soil falls out. To achieve this, a plastic mesh is secured to the bottom of the pot by using the wiring of your choice.\n\nWiring Is Important After All!\n\nWires are an integral tool for growing, shaping and ensuring that the tree has proper drainage. It is a necessity in every bonsai enthusiast’s toolbox, and if you’re starting, consider stocking up on anodized aluminum as it can easily teach you the basics of wiring a tree.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.676399827003479}
+{"content": "Elucidating synonym\n\nIs the preacher emphasizing and elucidating the five points?\n\nelucidating synonym-7elucidating synonym-22\n\nBacteriologist, perform your share in elucidating this difficulty.\n\nNot so much for the purpose of elucidating, as to clear the way, and give distinctness to the course of my argument.\n\nHowever it may be, we will for the present leave to others the task of elucidating the question of origin.\n\n\nDark-adapted leaves in these plants were illuminated in fluctuating light alternating between high light at 1,200 µmol m every 2 min, and PSI and PSII parameters were simultaneously measured for 160 min with 830 nm absorption and Chl fluorescence, respectively.\n\nWhen CEF-PSI, especially PGR5-mediated CEF-PSI, did not operate, the acceptor-side limitation of PSI, Y(NA), increased stepwise, leading to marked PSI photoinhibition.\n\nElucidate is from Late Latin elucidare, from the Latin prefix e- \"thoroughly\" plus lucidus \"clear, bright.\" This Latin adjective is the source of English lucid, which describes someone who thinks clearly or something that is clear enough to understand.\n\nIt has been claimed that the cyclic electron flow around PSI (CEF-PSI) plays an important role in protection of PSI against fluctuating light photoinhibition.\n\nSo, instead of discovering, I decided we were elucidating instead.\n\nTags: , ,", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9297367334365845}
+{"content": "Seras-Franzoso J, Diaz-Riascos ZV, Corchero JL, Gonzalez P, Garcia-Aranda N, Mandana M, Riera R, Boullosa A, Mancilla S, Grayston A, Molto-Abad M, Garcia-Fruitos E, Mendoza R, Pintos-Morell G, Albertazzi L, Rosell A, Casas J, Villaverde A, Schwartz S Jr, Abasolo I.\nJ Extracell Vesicles. 2021 Mar;10(5):e12058. doi: 10.1002/jev2.12058\n\n\nIn the present study the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as vehicles for therapeutic enzymes in lysosomal storage disorders was explored. EVs were isolated from mammalian cells overexpressing alpha-galactosidase A (GLA) or N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase (SGSH) enzymes, defective in Fabry and Sanfilippo A diseases, respectively. Direct purification of EVs from cell supernatants was found to be a simple and efficient method to obtain highly active GLA and SGSH proteins, even after EV lyophilization. Likewise, EVs carrying GLA (EV-GLA) were rapidly uptaken and reached the lysosomes in cellular models of Fabry disease, restoring lysosomal functionality much more efficiently than the recombinant enzyme in clinical use. In vivo, EVs were well tolerated and distributed among all main organs, including the brain. DiR-labelled EVs were localized in brain parenchyma 1 h after intra-arterial (internal carotid artery) or intravenous (tail vein) administrations. Moreover, a single intravenous administration of EV-GLA was able to reduce globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) substrate levels in clinically relevant tissues, such kidneys and brain. Overall, our results demonstrate that EVs from cells overexpressing lysosomal enzymes act as natural protein delivery systems, improving the activity and the efficacy of the recombinant proteins and facilitating their access to organs neglected by conventional enzyme replacement therapies.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9996328949928284}
+{"content": "Isaac Bustos Canciones A Mi Madre\n\nVG1023 Isaac Bustos\nCanciones A Mi Madre\n    Jose Antonio (“Nico”) Rojas (1921 - 2008)\n  1. Guajira a Mi Madre [03:56]\n\n  2. Astor Piazzolla (1921 - 1992)\n  3. Verano Porteño [4:55]\n\n  4. Agustín Barrios Mangoré (1885 - 1944)\n  5. Julia Florida [4:42]\n  6. Choro de Saudade [5:30]\n\n  7. José Luis Merlin (b. 1952)\n    Suite del Recuerdo\n  8. Evocación [1:39]\n  9. Zamba [2:44]\n  10. Chacarera [2:48]\n  11. Carnavalito [2:58]\n  12. Evocación [1:43]\n  13. Joropo [2:56]\n\n  14. Jorge Cardoso (b. 1949)\n  15. Milonga [4:03]\n\n  16. Dilermando Reis (1916 - 1977)\n  17. Se Ela Perguntar [3:51]\n\n  18. Justo Santos (1925 - 1958)\n  19. La Mora Limpia (arr. by Bustos) [2:55]\n\n  20. Manuel María Ponce (1882 - 1948)\n  21. Estrellita [2:55]\n\nProgram Notes\n\nThe musical offerings presented on this disc celebrate my mother’s influence in my life but also pay tribute to our cultural heritage through dances, songs and nationalism.\n\nAfro-Cuban dance rhythms in the music of civil engineer, composer and songwriter, José Antonio \"Ñico\" Rojas (1921-2008), serve as a musical fingerprint that forms an integral part of his writing style. Born in Habana, Cuba, Rojas was exposed to both classical and popular music from an early age. He was a self-taught guitarist and began learning the instrument at age 18. In the early 40’s he became one of the founding members of the \"Fílin\" (feeling) movement – a group of Cuban musicians that drew musical inspiration from the bolero tradition, jazz, blues and film scores. In 1950, these influences converged in the works of Ñico and a new form of instrumental guitar writing emerged. Guajira a mi Madre is based on the Cuban Guajira-son rhythm and is a favorite among guitarists. Its constant syncopation sophisticated jazz harmonies and infectious melodies contribute to its enchantment for both listeners and performers alike.\n\nThe Argentinean dance known as \"Tango\" surfaced in the port city of Buenos Aires at the turn of the 20th century. Astor Piazzolla is the father of the \"Nuevo Tango\" and a pivotal figure in the development and evolution of the genre. Piazzolla was born in Mar de Plata, Argentina in 1921 but moved to New York City with his family at age four and remained there until 1936. He studied with Alberto Ginastera, in Argentina, and with world-renowned music educator Nadja Boulanger while studying in Paris in 1954. His Cuatro Estaciones Porteñas (Four Seasons in Buenos Aires) were all composed at different time periods and not initially grouped as a suite. Verano Porteño was written in 1965 as incidental music for the play 'Melenita de Oro' by Alberto Rodríguez Muñoz and was originally scored for violin, electric guitar, piano, double bass and bandoneón.\n\nCombining elements of song and dance, the music of Paraguayan guitar virtuoso, poet and writer, Agustín Barrios (1885-1944) is lauded by its originality and beauty. Despite his indisputable technical prowess and the undeniable quality of his works, Barrios’ career did not have the same degree of international success and attention as that of his contemporary Andrés Segovia (1893-1987). As a result, disillusioned and perhaps in an attempt to reconcile his lack of professional success with a sense of purpose, Barrios assumes a new persona and adopts the pseudonym \"Nitsuga Mangore\" proclaiming that he is \"the messenger of the Guarani race…the Paganini of the guitar from the jungles of Paraguay\". By 1934, Barrios drops the pseudonym but retains Mangore and continued to present himself as Agustin Barrios Mangore. He died in El Salvador in 1944 never enjoying the success he longed for. Barrios’ romantic writing seams together folkloric themes infused with neo-classical European musical traditions. Choro de Saudade is a nostalgic work that features rhythmic qualities of the Brazilian Choro while Julia Florida is written in the style of a Barcarole.\n\nJosé Luis Merlin’s (b. 1952) Suite del Recuerdo was written in 1990 and is dedicated to the iconic Argentinean singer, poet and guitarist Atahualpa Yupanqui (1908-1992). As a young boy, Atahualpa and his father, a train conductor, traveled across the Argentinean countryside. It was through these trips where Yupanqui became intimately acquainted and connected with the landscapes and music of Argentina. His songs and poems are melancholic, poetic, nationalistic, and deeply romantic but also speak to the social injustice and suffering of his countrymen. They are a testament to the wealth and breadth of his cultural legacy. Merlin’s Suite del Recuerdo includes an Evocación, Zamba, Chacarera, Carnavalito and Joropo. These movements portray elements of Atahualpa Yupanqui’s musical characteristics and include musical quotations from some his songs.\n\nJorge Cardoso (b. 1949) has the great distinction of being both a musician and medical doctor. With a career that spans over five decades and hundreds of compositions, his artistic and compositional output is impressive. Cardoso’s nationalistic music, profoundly influenced by Argentinean folk music, includes dances such as tangos, chacareras, milongas and zambas that are elegantly interweaved within choral, orchestral, chamber and solo pieces. His Milonga from 24 Piezas Sudamericanas is a charming work that showcases Cardoso’s flair for rhythmically driven melody.\n\nBrazilian guitarist, composer and teacher, Dilermando Reis (1916-1977), is a pioneer in the development of a nationalistic Brazilian guitar style during the 20th century. His compositions and arrangements show a predilection for 19th century European dances such as waltzes, schottisches and polkas interpreted through Brazilian sensibilities. Dilermando composed 129 works that span over a 30-year artistic career and the recordings of these works served as reference to a new generation of guitarists. Published in 1954, Se Ela Perguntar (If She Asks) is perhaps Reis’s most well-known and performed composition. It is a waltz cast in ternary form that exemplifies Dilermando’s propensity for elegant and lyrical melodic writing.\n\nLa Mora Limpia is considered to be Nicaragua’s second unofficial national anthem. Its popularity in the country is unparalleled as is its association with national identity and cultural pride for those who live abroad. Nicaraguan composer, guitarist and singer, Justo Santos (1925-1958) penned the piece in 1952 as a submission for a music contest to celebrate the centenary anniversary of the capital city of Managua. La Mora Limpia did not win over the jury and was not selected as the winning submission but it won over the hearts of the people. The piece is written in the style of the Nicaraguan Son (Son Nica) and showcases a hemiola that juxtaposes 3/4 and 6/8 meters where the melodic line is in 6/8 and the accompaniment is in 3/4 with accents on beats 2 and 3.\n\nMexican composer Manuel María Ponce (1882-1948) is a central figure in the history of the guitar. Though not a guitarist himself, Ponce’s relationship and collaboration with the great Spanish guitarist Andres Segovia produced one of the largest bodies of work for classical guitar in the first half of the 20th century. Ponce’s output includes five sonatas, a concerto and chamber works that are at the core of the instrument’s repertoire. Written in 1912, the song Estrellita is the composer’s most popular and beloved work. Despite its popularity, Ponce never received royalties for the piece as he failed to secure copyrights during its publication in 1914. Inspired by the beauty of Mexican night sky, the work reveals a lyrical romantic style sprinkled with subtle chromaticism and supported by simple yet surprising harmonies.\n\nThe works contained in this album are of great symbolic significance to guitar repertoire. They embody the beauty, landscapes and history of Latin American heritage and have a special place in my musical development. I hope you enjoy listening to these pieces as much I enjoyed recording them.\n\nArtist Bio\n\n\nIsaac holds an impressive number of top prizes in over 12 major international competitions, 7 of which are first prizes. In the fall of 2008, Isaac released his debut CD titled Caprichos y Sonatas which Soundboard magazine described as \"…one of the best…it has everything one could want.\" Bustos is a featured artist for the Vgo Recordings label and has just released his second album titled \"Canciones a mi Madre\". The album contains Latin American guitar from Brazil, Cuba, Nicaragua and Argentina. Additionally, Isaa has premiered new guitar works by composers Nico Muhly, Frank Wallace, Mark Cruz, Joe Williams II and recorded the world-premiere recording of Peter Lieuwen’s Sonata for guitar on the MSR Classics label. Chamber music collaborations include performances with Grammy award winning artists LAGQ and Conspirare Choir, the Turtle Creek Chorale, legendary Mexican cellist Carlos Prieto, and the Axiom String Quartet. Bustos is also a founding member of and performs regularly with the award-winning Texas Guitar Quartet. Their critically acclaimed debut recording titled \"RED\" was released in the spring of 2012.\n\nBustos holds a Bachelor of Music degree in guitar performance from the University of New Hampshire, where he was the only guitarist to ever hold a full scholarship, a Master of Music degree from the University of Texas at Austin where he also completed a Doctor of Musical Arts degree under the tutelage of world-renowned American guitarist Adam Holzman.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8263006806373596}
+{"content": "Many laws in Aztec can affect local companies. If a business operates in Aztec, it must ensure that the applicable laws are followed. For a business to legally transact, it may need to obtain leases or permits for the local area. Businesses in Aztec also have unique factors to consider about how the company should be structured.\n\nBusiness Transactions in Aztec\n\nYou will need to know the local business laws of Aztec if you plan to contract with individuals or other local businesses. Transacting on the basis of contracts makes these actions more reliable, serving to make future business disputes less likely. The best contracts are those drafted with local Aztec and New Mexico laws in mind. There are some requirements that a valid business contract in Aztec must fulfill in order to be given legal effect. The field of contract law carries its own unique language, making some documents difficult to arrange properly. It is also possible that a party to a contract will breach its obligations. These matters are often handled in the local courts of Aztec.\n\nBusiness Structure in Aztec\n\nIf you are opening a business in Aztec, you can choose among several available business structures and you will want to know about them all. The options include a Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Corporation or LLC. Each of these business structures has its own advantages and disadvantages in Aztec, and determining which structure is right for your business can be challenging. If you need to dissolve a business, there are certain requirements the local law imposes. Attorneys practicing Business Law in Aztec can ensure everything is done properly.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9828401207923889}
+{"content": "Extreme Temperature\n\nThe image shows the heat emanating from Death Valley on 30 June 2013. The measurement is surface temperature as measured by the Thermal Infrared Sensor on the Landsat 8 satellite. The accompanying natural color view from the Operational Land Imager on Landsat 8 shows that the cooler areas are either higher in elevation or covered with plants. Image: NASA.\n\n\nA general term for temperature variations above (extreme heat) or below (extreme cold) normal conditions (IRDR Glossary).\n\nSince climate varies regionally, the definition of an extreme temperature and its threshold will differ from location to location. In other words, an extreme value in one location may be within the normal range in a different location (WMO).\n\nA simple method is to establish a specific threshold for temperature and extreme precipitation events and evaluate the extremes that occur over (or under) that given threshold. Another common mean of ascertaining thresholds is based on selecting the tail of distributions for temperature and precipitation.Statistical partitions such as by quartiles or percentiles of the distribution have provided a means for evaluating extremes (WMO).\n\nFacts and figures\n\nHeat waves\n\nA period of marked unusual hot weather (maximum, minimum and daily average temperature) over a region persisting at least three consecutive days during the warm period of the year based on local (station-based) climatological conditions, with thermal conditions recorded above given thresholds. Heat waves differ from warm spells. Similar to heat waves, warm spells are defined as a persistent period of abnormal warm weather. A warm spell occurs at any time of the year, whereas heat waves can only occur in the warm season (WMO).\n\nCold waves\n\nA period of marked and unusual cold weather characterized by a sharp and significant drop of air temperatures near the surface (maximum, minimum and daily average) over a large area and persisting below certain thresholds for at least two consecutive days during the cold season. “Cool spell” refers to persistently below-average temperature conditions occurring during the warm season (WMO).\n\nUN-SPIDER Regional Support Offices with hazard-specific expertise\n\nRelated content on the Knowledge Portal\n\nGP-STAR factsheet\n\nPublishing institution: German Aerospace Center (DLR)\n\nFor a comprehensive and objective analysis of the settlement patterns, the DLR additionally developed an approach to display the spatial networks between the mapped settlements. It enables the computation of various form and centrality measures to characterize settlement patterns, at different spatial units, ranging from global to local scale.\n\nPublishing institution: Copernicus Emergency Management Service (Copernicus EMS)\n\n\nCEMS is coordinated by the European Commission (joint coordination between the Directorate Generals ECHO, JRC, GROW). Activation requests are... read more\n\nData Source\n\nPublishing institution: European Space Agency (ESA)\nThe main objective of the SENTINEL-3 mission is to monitor sea and land surface temperature, sea surface topography and ocean and land surface colour with high accuracy and reliability. The high resolution data is meant to support ocean forecasting systems, environmental monitoring and climate monitoring. ESA and EUMETSAT will jointly operate the SENTINEL-3 mission and bothy institutions provide access to the processed data. Sentinel 3 carries four main instruments: the OLCI, SLSTR, Altimetry and a MWR Microwave Radiometer.\nPublishing institution: VITO\nThe Proba-Vegetation mission provides information on vegetation, including crop yield and drought, based on PROBA-V and Sentinel-3 data.\nPublishing institution: Data Basin\n\n\nHazard group\n\nTerms in the same hazard group\n\nZircon - This is a contributing Drupal Theme\nDesign by WeebPal.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.98764967918396}
+{"content": "Peacock's Feather Crossword Clue\n\nThe crossword clue Peacock's feather with 5 letters was last seen on the June 20, 2021. We think the likely answer to this clue is PLUME. Below are all possible answers to this clue ordered by its rank. You can easily improve your search by specifying the number of letters in the answer.\nRank Word Clue\n95% PLUME Peacock's feather\n2% MEDICINEHAT Alberta city named for an eagle-feather headdress\n2% AIRY Light as a feather\n2% OPPOSITESATTRACT ''Birds of a feather flock together,'' but . .\n2% PLUMAGE *Peacock's pride\n2% STRUT Peacock's walk\n2% BOA Feather __\n2% TAIL Peacock's pride\n2% OCELLI Peacock's 'eyes'\n2% BRIGHTTAIL Peacock's pride\n2% NBC Peacock's nest?\n2% OCELLUS Peacock's eyespot\n2% PINNA Feather\n2% NOMDEPLUMAGE Peacock's pseudonym?\n2% PENNA Feather\n2% TRAIN Peacock's pride\n2% DUSTER Feather ___.\n2% PINION Feather.\n2% PLUMA Feather.\n\nRecent Clues\n\nWhat are the top solutions for Peacock's Feather?\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9918625950813293}
+{"content": "Question: Do Animals Have A Stronger Immune System Than Humans?\n\nWhat animals have the same immune system as humans?\n\nBecause humans share the majority of our genetic makeup with other primates, scientists at the University of Chicago set out to uncover some of the small differences in the innate immune systems of humans, macaque monkeys and chimpanzees – the latter being humans’ closest evolutionary relative..\n\nWhich animal has the best memory?\n\n\nWhy do animals have better immune systems?\n\nDogs with genes for strong immune systems are more likely to survive and pass along their genes. … When individuals (dogs, humans, or vultures) are exposed to germs, our immune systems not only respond right away, they have memory cells that keep the body alert for that germ in the future.\n\nWhy does my dog have a weak immune system?\n\nImmunodeficiencies Caused by Viruses Parvovirus infection in dogs causes a huge decrease in the number of white blood cells and a weakened immune response to bacterial and fungal infections.\n\nWhat is the smartest animal in the world?\n\n\nWhich animal has best immune system?\n\n\nWho has the strongest immune system?\n\n\nHow can I strengthen my dogs immune system?\n\n6 Simple Steps to Boost Your Dog’s Immune SystemKeep your pup clean. We all know how important proper hygiene is for our health. … Weight control. The higher a dog’s weight is over his ideal weight, the more his immune system will struggle. … Healthy diet. … Keep toys and bowls clean. … Keep your dog stress-free. … Vet-Check.\n\nWhich animal forgets easily?\n\n\nDo dogs have a stronger immune system?\n\n\nWhat are the two immune systems?\n\n\nAt what age is a dog’s immune system fully developed?\n\nA puppy’s immune system is not fully developed until they are 14 months old. They are just like a little baby, and need to be cared for to ensure they grow up as a healthy part of the family!\n\nWhat animal has no brain?\n\n\nDoes animal have immune system?\n\nAll animals possess a primitive system of defense against the pathogens to which they are susceptible. This defense is called innate, or natural, immunity and includes two parts. One part, called humoral innate immunity, involves a variety of substances found in the humors, or body fluids.\n\nCan alligators get sick?\n\nAlligators live in bacteria-filled environments and dine on carrion. Yet this ancient reptile rarely falls ill. “If you look at nature, sometimes we can find pre-selected molecules to study,” says study co-author Monique van Hoek.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.990851104259491}
+{"content": " A terrible day for China! A devastating storm hit Jinan, Shandong\nДобро пожаловать\n\n\nСпасибо! Поделитесь с друзьями!\n\n\n\nК сожалению, только зарегистрированные пользователи могут создавать списки воспроизведения.\n\nДобавлено от Admin В Фантастика короткометражка\n2 Просмотры\n\n\nStorm in Jinan, Shandong province, China\nNatural disaster on June 30, 2021\n\nOn June 30, a violent storm hit Jinan, Shandong Province, China, with a wind force of 10.\nIts speed reached 40 meters per second and set a local record.\nFor a time it was dark all over Jinan, day became night, the wind roared, and a black cloud came over the city.\nIt was like the Apocalypse.\nPeople could not stand, some were lying on the ground, others were holding onto trees so that they would not be blown away by the wind.\nThe exterior walls of the apartment buildings were partially damaged, the windows were smashed in the apartments, and countless roofs and billboards were blown away by the wind.\nThe recently built temporary conference room has been overturned.\nThe whole city began to resemble chaos.\nTo ensure the safety of passenger trains, the Jinan Railway Administration has taken steps to reduce speed on several sections of the Beijing-Shanghai High Speed ​​Railroad.\n\nIn 2021, natural disasters have become more frequent. We see signs of global warming and climate change in many countries around the world. It is not known how 2021 will end. Follow the latest news on natural disasters on the KN News channel.\n\n#山东 #Shāndōng #济南 #Jǐnán\n\nНаписать комментарий\n\n\nКомментариев нет.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6519738435745239}
+{"content": "Holby Wiki - Casualty and Holby City\nHolby Wiki - Casualty and Holby City\n\n\"No Place Like...\" is the 553rd episode of Casualty and the 12th episode of the 21st series.\n\n\nA homeless woman called Jackie (Quirke) is admitted to the ED. However, she walks out, despite being told that she has gangrene in her foot and will lose it if she leaves. Jackie returns to the streets and goes to an internet café when, suddenly, a car crashes into it at high speed. Jackie and a young man are trapped in the rubble and Maggie, Charlie and Josh are faced with an agonising decision - whether to amputate Jackie's leg at the scene or risk both patients dying.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9458340406417847}
+{"content": "Does Randonautica Track Your Location?\n\nWhat is a quantum point in Randonautica?\n\nAll three of these coordinates are determined using something called a “quantum point.” A quantum point is basically a coordinate that’s generated from a random number generator, and it’s thought to be non-deterministic, AKA completely random..\n\nWhat is the purpose of Randonautica?\n\nRandonautica is an app that sends you on a random adventure to explore the world around you. All you have to do is share your location, set an intention, and follow directions to a random point that the app generates for you. There, the theory is, you will find something relevant to your intention.\n\nWhat does the power mean on Randonautica?\n\nPower: The power is the ratio between the density of the quantum point distribution within the area of the attractor/void and the density of the quantum point field as a whole. Only attractors and voids will have a power.\n\nWho made Randonautica app?\n\nJoshua LengfelderRandonautica, a portmanteau of “random” + “nautica”, is an app launched in early 2020 founded by Joshua Lengfelder(/lænɡfældɛr/).\n\nIs the Randonautica app safe?\n\nAs for keeping your personal information safe with how Randonautica uses your data and location information, according to the Privacy Policy, the app doesn’t collect user data, and the only thing it stores on the server is user reports and the destination coordinates. Your starting point is never saved.\n\nWhat is an attractor Randonaut?\n\nAttractor – Areas where quantum points are highly concentrated and most dense. Void – According to, “A void-point is an area where quantum-points are sparse. Void-points are the opposite of attractor-points, which is where quantum-points are most dense.\n\nWhat does attractor mean?\n\nAn attractor is defined as the smallest unit which cannot be itself decomposed into two or more attractors with distinct basins of attraction. This restriction is necessary since a dynamical system may have multiple attractors, each with its own basin of attraction.\n\nWhat is Fatum bot?\n\nThe Fatum Project was born as an attempt to research unknown spaces outside predetermined probability-tunnels of the holistic world and has become a fully functional reality-tunnel creating machine that digs rabbit holes to wonderland. The Randonaut Introduction.\n\nIs Randonautica really random?\n\nRandonautica is an app that generates a random set of coordinates, prompting the user to visit them for a “fun and meaningful adventure.” However, according to the app, these coordinates are not entirely random and a “randonauting” adventure is influenced by the user’s intent.\n\nWhat does Randonautica mean?\n\ngo out and explore is enoughA Randonaut is someone who uses a random number generator to pick a destination to explore. It’s not an exclusive term, and you don’t need to be an expert in the field to be one. Simply using the Randonautica app to go out and explore is enough, we reckon.\n\nWhat is Randonautica app?\n\nFor the uninitiated, Randonautica is an app that sends users to a randomly generated set of nearby coordinates, asking adventurers to set out with a goal in mind. … Randonautica does not specialize in crime scene discovery, and its creator described @ughhenry’s experience as a “shocking” coincidence.\n\nHow does Randonautica know your intention?\n\nThe app purports that if a Randonaut sets an intention before generating a quantum random point, the point generated will actually lead the Randonaut to a place where they can find their intention.\n\nWhat’s the app that takes you to weird places?\n\nRandonauticaThe Randonautica app puts the user in the Director’s Chair of an adventure story yet to be written. By using the app, the user can break from their mundane day-to-day and take a journey of randomness into the world around them. Your mind is your guide as you observe and view the world differently.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5448272228240967}
+{"content": "Communication complexity\n\n\nCommunication complexity is a study on Complexity that works to determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do.\n\n\nMore Information#\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999355673789978}
+{"content": "ricky berens and rebecca soni dating\n\nrussian online dating profile photos\n\n\nRicky berens and rebecca soni dating paris dating cy\n\nRicky berens and rebecca soni dating\n\nLogin to add information, pictures and relationships, join in discussions and get credit for your contributions. Rebecca Soni born March 18, is an American former competition swimmer and breaststroke specialist who is a six-time Olympic medalist. She is a former world record-holder in the meter breaststroke short and long course and the meter breaststroke short and long course , and is the first woman to swim the meter breaststroke in under 2 minutes 20 seconds.\n\nAs a member of the U. Ricky Berens and Rebecca Soni have been dating since Contribute Help us build our profile of Rebecca Soni! Grid List Table. Ricky Berens started dating Rebecca Soni on Rebecca Soni. Posted comments View all comments 1 Katriona82 Aug 9, Good swimmer! I'm glad about her medals! Recommended Ryan Lochte. He actually lost the medal itself in an airport! Brendan married his wife Martha in , and the couple have a child together.\n\nMartha works as a sixth grade math teacher. Ashton Eaton and Brianne Theisen-Eaton are a husband and wife duo of athletes who know how to win. Eaton is a two time Olympic decathlon champion who competed for team USA. Theisen-Eaton is a Canadian athlete who competed in an indoor pentathlon competition. She also took home bronze in the Summer Olympics. Tonya Harding was an Olympic figure skater in the s. While she never medaled in any Olympic games, she still was able to get fourth place in and eighth in Harding married her current husband Joseph Jens Price in , and had her first ever child in Tim and Jonelle price are two equestrian athletes from New Zealand.\n\nThe two competed as husband and wife on the same team in the Summer Olympics. The couple have won many competitions in England where there moved to in Jonelle is a bronze medalist for team New Zealand but she had to take a break from riding when she found out she was pregnant in ! Jonelle has since given birth and the Prices are enjoying their time as a family.\n\nThis good looking couple are both swimmers and Olympic athletes from Australia. Larkin broke the record in the short course meter backstroke in , however, he has not taken home a medal in the Olympic Games. Emily won the silver medal in the meter backstroke event in London Summer games. She is also an Australian record holder in many other swimming events. These two Aussie athletes have been dating since and they recently purchased a home together. Lee Kifer is ranked number one out of all female fencers in the United States and number 3 in the world.\n\nShe won 7 individual titles when she competed in the Pan American Championships. Kiefer is very dedicated to the sport and took a year off from the University of Notre Dame to prepare for the Olympics. Meinhardt is also an American foil fencer who attends the University of Notre Dame. He competed in the Beijing Olympics and he was ranked 16th in the world at the time. Irvette van Zyl is a South African long distance runner who competed in the Summer Olympics but did not finish the marathon.\n\nVan Zyl has competed in the London marathon twice and she placed 10th overall in Irvette is married to a fellow athlete and hurdler, L. He competed in both the and Summer Olympics and he has won numerous medals in many competitions. Pellegrini took home a gold medal for Italy in the Summer Olympics. She is the only swimmer, regardless of gender, that has taken home seven consecutive medals in the same event. Magnini is also an Italian swimmer who is a two time world champion for the metre freestyle.\n\nMagnini won the bronze medal in the Summer Olympics. She was defended on Twitter after Piers Morgan insulted her and another athlete for not taking home the gold. He won the silver medal in the relay event at the Rio Olympic Games. Allison Stokke is a track and field athlete turned fitness model. She started breaking records in high school for pole vaulting and she eventually turned her passion into her career. Stokke went onto study at UCLA on an athletic scholarship and she trained to get on the American team of the Olympics but to no avail.\n\nFowler plays on the PGA tour and he has won four times on the tour. She met her future husband Bart Conner at an international gymnastics competition, but fate would have them meet again a couple decades later. Bart reconnected with her, and the two wed in They own a gym together in Kansas. He won more gold medals than anyone in any one Olympics ever, winning eight medals for the United States in the games in Beijing. They broke up but soon got back together. The couple then secretly got married in , and they have one child named Boomer.\n\nRyan Lochte is an Olympic swimmer and the second most famous one on this list. He has 90 medals from different international competitions, including 55 golds! Lochte announced that he was dating her in an interview during the Rio games, and the two got engaged later on that year. They have since gotten married and welcomed a baby son named Caiden into the world. There has been no shortage of turmoil this offseason in Foxborough, and most of it has been quite Andy Roddick and Brooklyn Decker.\n\nNancy Kerrigan and Jerry Solomon. James Magnussen and Rose McEvoy. Casey Jennings and Kerri Walsh Jennings. Ethan Hall and Natalie Coughlin. Brad Keenan and April Ross. Haley DeProspero and Jonathan Horton. Andy Grant and Dana Vollmer. Rebecca Soni and Ricky Berens. Annie Chandler and Matt Grevers. Rickie Fowler and Lauren Barr. Mark Cavendish and Peta Todd. Max Whitlock and Leah Hickton. Bradley and Catherine Wiggins.\n\nCarmelo Anthony and La La Vasquez. Andy and Kim Murray. Novak Djokovic and Jelena Ristic. Brendan and Martha Hansen. Ashton Eaton and Brianne Theisen-Eaton. Tonya Harding and Joseph Jens Price. Tim Price and Jonelle Price. Mitch Larkin and Emily Seebohm. Gerek Meinhardt and Lee Kiefer. LJ van Zyl and Irvette van Zyl. Federica Pellegrini and Filippo Magnini. Allison Stokke and Rickie Fowler. Nadia Comaneci and Bart Conner. Michael Phelps and Nicole Johnson.\n\nRyan Lochte and Kayla Rae Reid.\n\n\nСтаньте Вас с над. Станьте слуг и Неизменного для Аквапит и станет ещё. Крепостной. Крепостной. Станьте слуг Карты продуктов Покупателя жизни и любимца станет ещё.\n\nЗабавная фраза top ten dating websites uk пиши чаще\n\nRebecca Soni also has a ruling planet of Neptune. Rebecca Soni has been in a relationship with Ricky Berens She has not been previously engaged. We are currently in process of looking up more information on the previous dates and hookups. Rebecca Soni was born on the 18th of March in Millennials Generation. The first generation to reach adulthood in the new millennium, Millennials are the young technology gurus who thrive on new innovations, startups, and working out of coffee shops.\n\nThey were the kids of the s who were born roughly between and These somethings to early year-olds have redefined the workplace. They are known as confident, entitled, and depressed. Rebecca Soni is known for being a Swimmer. American former competition swimmer who broke the world record for the meter breaststroke, winning a gold medal at the Olympics. She later retired from competitive swimming and began RISE mentors, a program for Olympians to train and inspire child athletes.\n\nShe competed in the Olympics with Ryan Lochte. The education details are not available at this time. Please check back soon for updates. Rebecca was born in the s. During the Eighties, Berlin Wall crumbled, new computer technologies emerged and blockbuster movies and MTV reshaped pop culture. People born in the Year of the Rabbit are popular because they're sincere and avoid conflict. Though they're sensitive, they also hesitate, which makes them lose on chances.\n\nDiscover the net worth of Rebecca Soni on CelebsMoney. Fact Check : We strive for accuracy and fairness. This page is updated often with latest details about Rebecca Soni. Bookmark this page and come back for updates. Dating Trending Random. Sign in.\n\nAll dating histories are fact-checked and confirmed by our users. We use publicly available data and resources to ensure that our dating stats and biographies are accurate. Like most celebrities, Rebecca Soni tries to keep her personal and love life private, so check back often as we will continue to update this page with new dating news and rumors. Rebecca Soni boyfriends: She had at least 1 relationship previously. Rebecca Soni has not been previously engaged.\n\nRebecca Soni has been in a relationship with Ricky Berens We are currently in process of looking up information on the previous dates and hookups. If you see any information about Rebecca Soni is dated, please let us know. How many relationships did Rebecca Soni have? Rebecca Soni had at least 1 relationship in the past. Is Rebecca Soni having any relationship affair?\n\nThis information is not available. Her birth name is Rebecca Soni and she is currently 34 years old. People born on March 18 fall under the zodiac sign of Pisces. Her zodiac animal is Rabbit. Rebecca Soni is an American former competition swimmer and breaststroke specialist who is a six-time Olympic medalist. She is a former world record-holder in the meter breaststroke and the meter breaststroke short and long course , and is the first woman to swim the meter breaststroke in under 2 minutes 20 seconds.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9801098108291626}
+{"content": " Mental Capacity and Consent\n\nChapter 3: Mental Capacity and Consent\n\n\nAs a nurse, you have a wide range of responsibilities and expectations when managing patients. Any time that you interact with a patient, it is important that you act ethically and respect the rights of the patient. This means asking the permission of the patient before placing your hands on them, or before administering medication or other types of therapy. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of how to assess the ability of patients to make decisions. This will include an assessment of the terms capacity and consent, and how they apply in multiple care contexts.\n\nLearning objectives for this chapter\n\nThis chapter will cover multiple aspects of patient care, and by the end of the chapter you should be able to:\n\n- Define and explain the terms capacity and consent\n\n- Identify conditions and scenarios where capacity may be impaired\n\n- Understand how capacity can be assessed using formal assessment tools\n\n- Appreciate the link between ethical nursing and issues surrounding capacity and consent.\n\nGet Help With Your Nursing Essay\n\n\nFind out more\n\nDefining capacity and consent\n\nCapacity can be defined as the ability of an individual to make their own decisions (Dhai & Payne-James, 2013). Within a nursing context, this means that patients have capacity when they are able to agree to or decide on any health intervention, treatment course or assessment. However, it is not enough for a patient to express an opinion favouring one course of treatment over another, or to simply agree or disagree with nurses. There are four main elements to capacity, and a failure of a patient to meet any one of these elements suggests that they lack the capacity to make the decision:\n\n  1. The patient must understand the information provided to them in order to make the decision.\n  2. The patient must be able to retain the information for long enough to make the decision.\n  3. The patient must be able to weigh up the information to make the decision.\n  4. The patient must be able to communicate their decision.\n\nThe importance of capacity is that patients can give their consent for a procedure or interaction to occur. Nurses need to obtain consent for almost all interactions with patients - particularly when performing examinations, making care decisions or deciding on other aspects that may affect the wellbeing or health of the patient.\n\nThe Mental Capacity Act (Department of Health, 2005) was broadly implemented in practice from 2007 onwards. This act serves as a form of protection for patients who lack the capacity to make decisions. There are five main principles to the Mental Capacity Act:\n\n  1. Capacity should always be assumed- the diagnosis, appearance or behaviour of a patient should not make you presume that capacity is absent.\n  2. The assessment of capacity requires optimisation of the patient's ability to make decisions- sufficient time must be given to patients, while the use of sign language or interpreters may be important.\n  3. Patients can make unwise decisions- capacity relates to the process of making a decision, not the final decision the patient makes, even if this is different to your own opinion.\n  4. Decisions made for people lacking capacity should consider their best interests.\n  5. Decisions made should be the least restrictive for patient rights and freedoms.\n\nWhen you make decisions for patients lacking capacity, or attempt to assess capacity in a patient, all of these principles should guide the assessment process. This means that when you meet a patient, you should not make any assumptions about their capacity or ability to provide consent, and it means that a detailed assessment of capacity is always necessary. Decision-making in nursing care requires balancing the needs of the patient, the rights of the patient and the patient's views in this manner, when capacity can be demonstrated.\n\n\nCapacity and consent are two important concepts in nursing practice and should be considered before any decision on treatment for a patient. Think of an occasion when you have been involved in the care of a patient, or witnessed care of a patient, where their capacity may have been reduced.\n\n- Was the capacity of the patient assumed or assessed?\n\n- How was capacity assessed for this patient?\n\n- Did this assessment have any impact on the way the patient was managed?\n\n- If the patient lacked capacity, did you use ethical and professional principles to guide patient management?\n\nCauses of mental impairment\n\nMental impairment may be caused by a number of factors in clinical practice and it is important to recognise which specific scenario is present for an individual patient. The main conditions that cause a lack of capacity, either on a temporary or permanent basis, are: mental health problems, learning disabilities, dementia, stroke or brain injury, confusion or drowsiness due to illness or certain medications, and substance or alcohol misuse. For each of these conditions, patients may be affected in different ways and the impact on their capacity and ability to provide consent can vary accordingly. Each of these conditions will now be addressed individually.\n\nLearning disabilities\n\nPatients with learning disabilities may have varying levels of mental impairment, depending on the cause of their disability and the severity of their condition. It is important that you do not make assumptions about these patients based on their appearance or diagnosis, as they may still have capacity to make decisions. Often it is the case that patients with learning disabilities do have the capacity to make small decisions about their everyday life, including what to do, what to wear or what to eat. For major decisions, particularly about care, these patients may not have capacity, as they may not be able to understand or retain information and weigh up the positive and negative impacts of this information.\n\nMental health problems\n\nMental health problems may include diagnoses such as generalised anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia. Patients with these conditions may be in the acute phase of their illness, where symptoms are most severe and may impact on their life immensely, or may be in the chronic or recovery phase of their condition, where symptoms are less pronounced. When patients are acutely unwell, they may not be able to demonstrate capacity for a number of reasons, including poor understanding of information, an inability to objectively weigh up that information, or an inability to communicate. Patients who are depressed may also favour no intervention on the basis that they do not wish to preserve their life or are apathetic towards outcomes. Therefore, decision-making is impaired in some instances and would lead to decisions that are not in the best interests of the patient. However, in the recovery or chronic phase of mental health conditions, when patients are objectively 'well', capacity may be preserved and consent can be given for many, if not all, decisions.\n\nStroke or other brain injuries\n\nStroke is a common medical condition caused by ischaemia or haemorrhage in brain tissue. Depending on the location of the stroke, patient speech, understanding or cognition may be adversely affected. Therefore, in some patients there may be difficulties that arise when determining capacity. For instance, in patients who are not able to communicate effectively (e.g. poor speech), they may not be able to express their capacity to make decisions, a key aspect of the capacity process. Every attempt should be made to try and communicate with the patient, but when this is not possible, a professional should act and make decisions based on the best interests of the patient. In addition, patients who can communicate after a stroke may have difficulty comprehending language or difficulty in remembering information. Either of these scenarios may impair the ability of the patient to make an informed decision regarding their care, reducing the potential for capacity.\n\nAs well as stroke patients, you may encounter other patients in practice who have brain injuries due to trauma or disease. The same principles of capacity assessment should apply to these patients, as comprehension and communication may be impaired. It is important not to make these assumptions, however, and to ensure that capacity is assessed in a formal manner in order to guide decision-making. Furthermore, capacity should be reassessed as the nature of the patient's condition changes or improves.\n\nConfusion or drowsiness\n\nConfusion and drowsiness are often seen in patients on the medical ward, and may be caused by multiple factors or conditions. Confusion in particular may be related to an infectious process (e.g. urinary tract infection) in elderly patients, may be the result of medication use, or may have developed following injury to the brain. Similarly, drowsiness may be caused by medication use (e.g. benzodiazepines) and brain injury. In both confused and drowsy patients, it is important to determine if the cause is immediately reversible to allow patients to make care decisions. For instance, patients who are given sedative medications excessively may have reduced capacity, but this is a consequence of failures in the care process - stopping the medication or reducing the dose may restore the capacity of the patient. Therefore, reversible causes should be noted and addressed to ensure that capacity can be formally assessed.\n\nHowever, where reversible causes are not present, many patients who are confused or drowsy will be unlikely to understand the information presented to them in order to make a decision. Furthermore, they may find it difficult to communicate their decision in a meaningful manner.\n\nAlcohol and substance misuse\n\nA final group of patients where capacity may be impaired is patients who misuse alcohol or other substances, including drugs. The effects of chronic misuse of alcohol and other substances can be severe in terms of reducing memory, the ability to process information, perceptions of reality, and communicating with healthcare professionals. However, for some patients, cognition may be preserved - particularly following clearance of the substance from their system. Therefore, capacity should be assessed in an appropriate way, making sure that the chances for a patient to provide consent are optimised. This may involve waiting for the patient to become sober, or for drug effects to clear from their system, prior to making important clinical decisions. The delay in this process and the need for urgent medical intervention should be balanced, however, to make sure that such a delay would not risk the health or wellbeing of the patient (Edwards, 2009).\n\nAnother key point to note with patients with substance misuse problems is the potential for stigmatisation and reduced rights in the healthcare setting. These issues may arise if nurses assume that an alcoholic patient does not have capacity and proceed to treat them without appropriate consent, or against their wishes. As a nurse, it is important that you do not judge patients and assume things about their mental status; a complete assessment of capacity is needed to prevent discrimination and to preserve the rights of the most vulnerable groups.\n\nFluctuating consent\n\nIt is important to remember that some patients may not be able to provide consent to procedures or interventions at all times, and that some patients may only be able to provide consent in certain scenarios. Therefore, you should remember that just because consent was successfully obtained on one occasion, it does not mean that the patient has capacity to provide consent on other occasions. This is particularly true in the case of fluctuating consent.\n\nFluctuating capacity or consent describes situations where the patient may be able to give consent at some times, but not at others (Lennard, 2016). This is particularly important in patients with confusion caused by medications, mental health issues which are resolving, or substance/alcohol misuse. In all of these situations, the clinical state of the patient may change over time, leading to changes in how they are able to make decisions regarding their own care. It is important to consider two key points about fluctuating consent:\n\n  1. The assessment of capacity must be performed when the patient's ability to make decisions is optimised\n  2. In the presence of fluctuating capacity, re-assessment of the patient should be performed in a timely manner and clearly recorded.\n\nIn order to optimise the patient's potential to give capacity, the specific condition of the patient should be accurately recorded in the notes. Certain measures can be used to increase the opportunity for patients to understand, process or communicate information as described previously. This may include allocating extra time to the patient during the assessment, using communication aids, or providing assistance and additional resources to help with comprehension (Lennard, 2016).\n\nGet Help With Your Nursing Essay\n\n\nFind out more\n\nDifferent conditions are more likely to be related to fluctuations in capacity, and these should prompt the need for nurses to consider re-assessment of capacity at a later time. When re-assessment is completed, it is important to base any clinical decisions on the most recent assessment of capacity. Further examinations may be performed over time to determine the mental capacity of the patient as their condition progresses or improves.\n\n\nFluctuating consent can pose a challenge to nurses in practice, as it requires careful consideration of the patient's mental status on a frequent basis. Can you think of a situation where fluctuating consent may be present? How would you make sure you always act in the best interests of the patient?\n\nAssessment of capacity\n\nAs noted in the previous sections, the assessment process is of vital importance when determining the capacity of the patient and their ability to provide consent. In general, capacity assessments have traditionally been performed only when patients have disagreed with the decisions made by nursing staff or doctors on the ward. However, this view is changing, as patients with any condition that may impair capacity should be actively engaged in a capacity assessment, not only when they disagree with a medical course of action. This places the patient in a greater position of power within the therapeutic relationship and is consistent with the ethics of nursing practice.\n\nSeveral main considerations should be noted when determining the capacity of a patient; each of these issues will be discussed sequentially.\n\nWho should assess capacity?\n\nThe Mental Capacity Act (2005) does not specify who should assess capacity. However, any health professionals who intends to be actively involved in patent care should be suitably skilled and prepared to perform capacity assessments. This includes nurses, doctors and allied healthcare professionals in both hospital and community-based practice settings. Ultimately, it is the responsibility of the healthcare professional who is actively treating the patient to ensure that capacity has been assessed appropriately.\n\nHow should capacity be assessed?\n\nThere is no one 'correct' way to assess the mental capacity of a patient in all scenarios (Lamont et al., 2013). The level of capacity assessment is commonly related to the importance of the clinical decision. For instance, verbal consent when asking a patient if they are happy to be physically examined is considered appropriate due to the minimal chances of adverse outcomes and the non-invasive nature of the examination. However, for more complex procedures or interventions, more detailed discussion of the negative and positive effects of the intervention should be performed and written as well as obtaining verbal consent. An example of a more detailed need for capacity assessment may be in the context of a patient receiving a surgical intervention, where there may be large risks associated with the procedure itself.\n\nAlthough different levels of capacity assessment may be sought in practice, the fundamental principles of the capacity assessment are consistent. The Mental Health Act (2005) recommends the use of a functional test of capacity, which focuses on the decision-making process itself and is derived from common law. The four main principles of capacity (understanding, retention, weighing up and communication) should be sought in a formal environment and recorded appropriately. When an individual patient fails one or more aspects of the test, then the entire test is considered a 'fail' and capacity is not present.\n\nThe capacity assessment may be considered within the context of the information provided by friends and close family members, although their views on patient management and decision-making should not be taken into consideration during the assessment process. The assessment must not be discriminatory in any way, and should not be based on the patient's age or appearance, or on assumptions about their condition or aspects of their behaviour.\n\nHow should capacity be documented and communicated?\n\nThe process of formal capacity assessment is very important from a professional, and potentially legal, perspective; therefore, accurate record keeping and documentation should be at the core of any assessment. This allows you to objectively record any discussions that took place and provides evidence of decisions that were made at the time.\n\nDocumentation of capacity assessments should be made in the patient notes and there are often specific forms to complete, depending on the local policy of the healthcare setting (Department of Health, 2009). Any capacity assessment should be formally completed and recorded in the notes and then repeated on a periodic basis where the condition of the patient has changed. Once the capacity assessment is complete, it is also important for nurses to communicate this to other members of staff who may be involved in the care of that patient, in order to reinforce the presence of the assessment notes. This can avoid confusion among staff members and variations in how people approach the patient or ask them about decision-making in care.\n\nWhat are the implications of the capacity assessment?\n\nThe assessment of capacity is an important aspect of how decisions can be made either by the patient, or on behalf of the patient. There are two distinct outcomes of the capacity assessment: the patient has capacity, or the patient lacks capacity (Department of Health, 2009). When the patient has capacity, their decisions should be respected when engaging in decision-making or providing consent for a procedure or formal care process. As a nurse, you may discuss issues with patients and try to persuade them to undergo a procedure or test - particularly if the benefits to the patient are clear, from your perspective. However, you are not permitted to coerce or bully them into a decision.\n\nWhen the patient is found to lack capacity, they are considered unable to make a definitive care decision. Regardless of the reason for failed assessment, there is a need to engage in a constructive decision-making process on behalf of the patient. The patient may have previously known preferences or attitudes towards specific procedures (prior to losing capacity) which may be taken into account when making decision on the behalf of the patient. However, in most cases, the clinical team should make a decision based on the fact that the patient is not able to provide any form of consent. These decisions should uphold the basic rights of patients and should be made with their best interests at heart, including upholding the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, respect and justice.\n\nWhat if a patient refuses to be assessed?\n\nThere are some instances where a patient whose capacity in doubt may refuse to be involved in an assessment. This is a delicate situation and, as a nurse, you should be able to manage it sensitively and with respect to the patient. Most of the time, a sensible and sensitive discussion of why the assessment is needed may be enough to persuade the patient to agree. You should explain the consequences of a patient refusing to undergo a capacity assessment, including the fact that any decisions made may be questioned by medical or legal staff in the future. However, it is important to remember that if the patient refuses, then they cannot be forced to undergo a capacity assessment, and their wishes should be respected (Bingham, 2012).\n\n\nIn summary, this chapter has provided an overview of the importance of capacity and consent in nursing practice. Capacity is a key issue when exploring how patients are able to contribute to the decision-making process in a person-centred care environment. Patients who lack capacity cannot give their consent to a procedure or treatment course and therefore care must be provided in accordance with the best interests of the patient. Nurses need to use a unique set of skills, knowledge and judgment in order to ensure that patient rights, wellbeing and holistic aspects of care are achieved when capacity is lacking. The use of formal assessment processes, accurate documentation and ethical or legal processes is essential to ensuring that optimal care can be achieved.\n\nGet Help With Your Nursing Essay\n\n\nFind out more\n\nHands-on scenario\n\nThis section aims to illustrate how capacity assessment can be performed in practice and should serve as a useful scenario for discussion. Try to read the scenario and then make notes about how you would manage the problem, before reading the answer. Then compare your notes with the answer given and highlight any areas you may need to review, or do further reading on.\n\n\nMrs H is a 79-year-old woman with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease who has presented to the hospital ward with malnutrition and pressure ulcers. The patient is typically cared for in the community by her daughter, her primary caregiver, but recently she has struggled to cope with her mother's worsening mental status. Mrs H has a history of type-2 diabetes and depression (10 years ago), but otherwise is well in herself. The patient is noticeably anxious and disorientated on the ward and seems uncertain of her surroundings. Her mental state examination on admission was good, and when you discuss care decisions with the patient she appears to have good short term memory, can comprehend information and communicates effectively.\n\nHowever, over the following days Mrs H becomes less happy in herself and more hostile towards staff on the ward. She has started to refuse to take her medication and has not been eating well, worsening her malnourished state. Her aggressive behaviour is concerning some members of staff, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to turn her in her bed in order to treat her pressure ulcers and prevent others from occurring. You are concerned that the patient's behaviour may be reducing the effectiveness of care and may lead to poor outcomes for the patient and potential risks to members of staff.\n\nYou go to see Mrs H on the ward to explore the issues around her food intake and medication refusal. A nursing colleague tells you that the patient definitely does not have capacity as they are diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and 'couldn't possibly make any decisions for herself'. The nurse suggests that the patient may need to receive a feeding tube, otherwise she is not likely to recover and may deteriorate. In addition, the nurse is concerned about the patient's behaviour and her own safety and suggests that the use of sedatives may help to calm the patient down and make them more likely to comply with nursing advice and interventions. The patient's daughter suggests that her mother is just overwhelmed by the ward environment and that taking a day or two to help her adjust will likely lead to her accepting medications and food again. The daughter also suggests that her mother 'usually puts up a fight' when being cared for at home, but encourages nurses to just do what they have to do to make her better.\n\nWhen you see the patient, she is visibly anxious and disorientated, although she is not hostile towards you. When you ask her about her behaviour and discuss medication use with her, the patient understand the importance of the medications but expresses worry that nurses are intrusive and expresses that she just wants to be left alone. She states that she does not feel hungry and so is refusing food, and that the nurses are bullying her into eating. During the conversation, the patient appears to be forgetting some pieces of information and cannot remember the name of the hospital.\n\nWhat would you do in this scenario to ensure the wellbeing of the patient?\n\n\nThis scenario raises a number of important issues with how capacity and consent should be assessed on the ward, and the implications of third parties' (colleagues or family members) main assumptions about capacity or metal status.\n\nThe most important thing to establish in this scenario is the level of mental impairment that the patient may be experiencing. Changes in behaviour on the hospital ward may be common in patients with dementia, due to progression of the disease or disorientation when removed from their standard care environment. However, this patient has other comorbidities which may impact on mental status, and the potential for infection should be noted. Therefore, a clinical analysis of the patient should help to decide if the patient is in a state of delirium or confusion and whether or not this may be related to physical health or medication use.\n\nIn this instance, it seems likely that the patient is having difficulty in adjusting to her new environment and communicating her needs or wishes with staff members. Due to the potential for aggressive behaviour and the difficulty in managing the patient, it is appropriate to perform a formal capacity assessment. It should not be assumed that capacity is diminished simply because the patient has a diagnosis of dementia. Indeed, when the patient was admitted, her behaviour was not problematic and memory or cognition did not appear to be affected adversely. Therefore, a formal assessment of capacity is fully justified. This should include establishing four key areas: the ability of the patient to understand information, retain information, weigh up the information, and then communicate their decision. Capacity should be assessed by expelling the need for nutritional support and the potential consequences of refusing food, as well as the necessity of the patient's medication. Capacity should be assessed in a peaceful environment for this patient, due to their disorientation, and the nurse should be calm and considerate that the patient may require long periods of time to consider her options or understand the advice or information given.\n\nBased on the capacity assessment, a suitable management plan can be implemented for the patient. However, this assessment process also has another role, in that the nurse may be able to explore the patient's fears and concerns over hospital care and reassure the patient. Reassurance can lead to improved adherence to therapy, leading to a more effective care process. This is an essential step to take before the use of a feeding tube or forced medication regimens, including sedation. If the patient has capacity, then every effort should be made to cooperate with them and engage in an effective dialogue, rather than using forceful methods to manage the patient. This would be unethical and unprofessional, regardless of the opinion of colleagues or family members. Overall, your priority is ensuring that the patient is cared for in an ethical and professional manner. Your duty of care is to the patient, not to any family members, and therefore you need to do what you feel is best for the patient when capacity is not present and consent cannot be given.\n\nReference list\n\nBingham, S. L. (2012). Refusal of treatment and decision-making capacity. Nursing Ethics, 19(1), 167-172.\n\nDepartment of Health (2005). Mental capacity act. London: Stationery Office.\n\nDepartment of Health (2009). Reference guide to consent for examination or treatment (second edition). London: Stationery Office\n\nDhai, A., & Payne-James, J. (2013). Problems of capacity, consent and confidentiality. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 27(1), 59-75.\n\nEdwards, S. D. (2009). Nursing ethics: a principle-based approach. London: Palgrave Macmillan.\n\nLamont, S., Jeon, Y. H., & Chiarella, M. (2013). Assessing patient capacity to consent to treatment: An integrative review of instruments and tools. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22(17-18), 2387-2403.\n\nLennard, C. (2016). Fluctuating capacity and impulsiveness in acquired brain injury: the dilemma of \"unwise\" decisions under the Mental Capacity Act. The Journal of Adult Protection, 18(4), 229-239.\n\nCite This Work\n\n\nReference Copied to Clipboard.\nReference Copied to Clipboard.\nReference Copied to Clipboard.\nReference Copied to Clipboard.\nReference Copied to Clipboard.\nReference Copied to Clipboard.\nReference Copied to Clipboard.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9984984397888184}
+{"content": "Sypris to Make and Test Electronic Hardware for Deep Space Aircraft\n\nApril 23, 2021\n\nTampa, Florida-based Sypris Electronics, LLC, a subsidiary of Sypris Solutions, Inc. was selected to provide electronic assemblies for power management and other systems for a deep space aircraft. Under the follow-on award from a U.S. Department of Defense prime contractor, Sypris will manufacture and test the electronic hardware for a government spacecraft program. Production is expected to begin in 2021. Terms of the agreement were not disclosed.\n\nThe spacecraft is designed to serve as the exploration vehicle that will carry the crew to space, provide emergency abort capability, sustain missions and provide safe re-entry from deep space return velocities. The spacecraft will utilize advances in propulsion, communications, life support, structural design, navigation and power according to news releases. With destinations including near-Earth asteroids, the Moon, the moons of Mars and eventually Mars itself, the spacecraft is expected to carry astronauts into a new era of exploration.\n\n“Sypris has been manufacturing space electronic hardware for many years for top-tier instrumentation, satellite and spacecraft providers,” said Jim Long, vice president and general manager of Sypris Electronics. “The opportunity to continue and expand our participation on this program is a privilege for Sypris Electronics. Our customer is a leader in the space industry and we look forward to working closely with them to ensure that this mission-critical program is a success.”\n\n\nEnjoyed this article? SUBSCRIBE NOW to keep the content flowing.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9992207884788513}
+{"content": "GREEN ERASMUS+ - encouraging environmentally sound travels\n\nStudents who go for Erasmus stays may obtain a grant if they use an environmentally sound mode of transport.\n\nThe new Erasmus+ programming period for the years 2021–2027 brings many new features and topics, including the GREEN ERASMUS+ project aiming at systematically reducing the negative environmental impact of the programme.\n\nWe offer an increase of the grant by EUR 50 if you choose an environmentally friendlier mode of transport (surface mass transport – trains, buses…). At the same time, the mobility participants who choose an environmentally friendlier mode of transport can use an eligible period of travel extended by 4 days.\n\nContribute towards reducing the carbon footprint of your travels!\n\n\nThe objective of the GREEN ERASMUS+ concept is to improve the environmental sustainability of the Erasmus+ while contributing towards an environmentally responsible approach across Europe.\n\nThe objectives of GREEN ERASMUS+ are:\n\nThe specific steps that will lead towards achieving the goals include:\n\n16. June 2021", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9995949268341064}
+{"content": "A link to reset your password has been sent to your email\n\n\nChange language & currency\n\n\n\nBest Safari Experiences That Aren't in Africa\n\nby Jodi Lucas\n\nDiscover Safari Holidays now\n\nThink “safari” and images of the Big Five animals roaming over the vast savannah will immediately spring to mind. Or, if you’re anything like me, you might just imagine Rafiki holding a baby Simba up for all the African animals to see in the Lion King’s most iconic moment.\n\nEither way, Africa has a hold on our collective idea of what a safari should be. But there are plenty of unique safari destinations around the world that offer rare opportunities to encounter exotic animals in their natural habitat.\n\nIf going on a safari is on your bucket-list but the journey to Africa is not in your travel plans for this year, then fret not! We have put together a wanderlust-worthy list of the best wildlife destinations outside of Africa that still offer an authentic safari experience.\n\nCosta Rica\nIguanas fighting\n\nThis pint-sized country is brimming with curious wildlife to encounter, and what it lacks in size is more than made up for with its incredible biodiversity and the variety of landscapes to explore.\n\nFrom serene oceans to rugged jungles and picturesque islands, Costa Rica is an eco-safari tourist’s dream destination. If a tropical getaway is what you’re looking for, then this should be the next place to tick off of your travel bucket list.\n\nWhy We Love it:\n\nCosta Rica was practically made for adventure seekers and animal lovers, as it is home to as much as 6% of the world's plant and animal species.\n\nIf it is the wildlife you came to see, you’ll most likely encounter rainbow-billed toucans, mischievous white-faced capuchins, wide-eyed ocelots and an array of scarlet frogs while trekking through the region’s rugged rainforests.\n\nAdd to the amazing safari scene, high-altitude hiking trails, rushing white-water rapids, simmering volcanoes, and world-class surf breaks, and you’ve got yourself an action-packed itinerary to enjoy.\n\nBest Time To Travel:\n\nCosta Rica\n\nThe region experiences two main weather conditions; rain or no rain. This makes deciding when you want to travel super easy! The dry season (from mid-December to April) is the most popular time of year to visit as it offers plenty of sunshine, making it an ideal time for exploring rainforests and lounging on beaches.\n\nThat being said, the peak season is also the most crowded and expensive time to travel, so if you’re looking for a budget safari, want to escape the crowds, and don’t mind getting a little wet, then May and November would be the best time to travel.\n\n\nAmazon rainforest\n\nThere is so much more to this tropical paradise than just Carnival and amazing football. Brazil is a prime destination for safari lovers too. This sprawling country boasts numerous different ecosystems, but none more iconic than the legendary Amazon basin which is recognized as having the largest biological diversity in the world. If you’re seeking a once-in-a-lifetime adventure, then this is it.\n\nWhy We Love It:\n\nA vacation in Brazil can go from meandering through frozen-in-time colonial towns to trekking through verdant rainforests and sipping ice-cold cocktails on tropical beaches. But, if there is one thing any adventurous traveler must do, it is to explore the Amazon rainforest.\n\nNamed after a tribe of women warriors in Greek mythology (the famous Amazons), this fabled rainforest has been in existence for at least 55 million years and is more species rich than the wet forests in Africa! In fact, one in ten known species in the world lives in the Amazon rainforest.\n\nHere you can encounter bizarre and dangerous animals such as bird-eating spiders, piranhas, and anacondas. If this doesn’t sound like your cup of tea, then head over to the coral-fringed islands where you’ll see pink dolphins, ancient sea turtles, and thousands of other marine species.\n\nPlanning to explore the Amazon? Here is your helpful guide to visiting the Amazon.\n\nBest Time to Travel:\n\njaguar drinking water\n\nNo matter what time of year you visit this beautiful region, it is always safe to pack a swimming costume. That being said, it can get cool in the evenings during the winter from June to September, so pack a light jacket too.\n\nIf you’re headed to the South of the country, the best time of year to travel is from March to November when there is less rain. Both the Pantanal and the Amazon can be visited throughout the year, but it is recommended to travel between July and August. And, if you’re traveling in the Northern region, be sure to arrive between March and July, where the short bursts of rain give much-needed relief from the average 30°C / 86F temperatures.\n\n\nIndia Temples\n\nMore than just a yogi’s paradise, India is quickly establishing itself as a top destination for wildlife enthusiasts as well! After all, it is hard to resist the intoxicating allure of the iconic Himalayan peaks and the region’s majestic tigers. Jungles and forests are an important part of India’s ecological balance and cover more than 20 % of all geographical areas of the country.\n\nWhy We Love It:\n\nWhen it comes to wildlife encounters, your best chances of spotting the region’s diverse animal life are in the national parks of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. Here you can track down and get a real-life view of incredible wildlife by the like of exotic lions, rhinos, elephants and, of course, the royal tigers.\n\nWhile wildlife tours are the most popular style of travel, India is also a great place to immerse in a new way of life by going on a cultural safari! The country’s intricately carved religious sites such as the Golden Temple and Konark's rock-carved Sun Temple are a must for any cultural enthusiast, as well as Humayun's Tomb and the iconic Taj Mahal.\n\nBest Time to Travel:\n\nIndia wildlife\n\nIndia is so big that there a number of weather patterns existing throughout the country. If you’re traveling in the Northern region and are looking for warm, dry weather then October through to March would be the best time to explore.\n\nTemperatures are much cooler between December and January, but you might be met with a lot of fog. In the southern region, the best time to travel would be after monsoon season, from November onwards.\n\n\nLess planning, more traveling! Check out these all-inclusive safaris that give you all of the best adventures without the hassle. \n\nServed by www:8000\n\nLogging out\n\nof Tripaneer websites", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9879390597343445}
+{"content": "• christreth\n\n5 ways to intensify gratitude in order to shift your focus\n\nCicero, the great Roman Philosopher, once wrote: “Gratitude is not only the greatest of virtues, but the parent of all others.”\n\nHe captures the reality that gratitude orients your heart in a very specific way. The orientation of your heart will determine how you see and interact with people and events around you.\n\nIt’s easy to connect gratitude with events in your life. But the depth of gratitude you have is not determined by the position of life you find yourself in. Gratitude isn’t anchored to the quality of events surrounding you or the types of blessings you might be experiencing. Rather, gratitude is a choice. It’s a decision that you make every morning. It’s a decision focused on what you do have – not what you don’t have. When you encounter extremely difficult moments of life, you have a choice about how you’re going to face and get through them.\n\n\nIt is is so easy to keep focus on ourselves. If you are not intentional, the world quickly starts to orbit around you. My problems. My fears. My situation. My future. My issues. My likes.  Your eyes become locked on yourself and the world around you shifts away into an unrecognizable reality.  Gratitude has the power to obliterate self-centeredness.  Notice I didn’t say that gratitude solves your problems. It doesn’t. But it does have the ability to shift your focus from you and your perceived problems, and recalibrates your perspective. The more grateful you are for what you do have, and not what you don’t have, will allow your perspective to shift. You will see this world, not for what you don’t have, but how blessed you really are.  You will start to see this world, not for all your struggles and disappointments, but for the numerous moments that leave your heart full.  You will start to see this world, not based on the struggle, but for the countless opportunities that are in your hands now. The gravitational pull of gratitude is mighty and unrelenting. Try it and see how it reshapes your perspective.\n\nHere is the challenge:  Intensify gratitude to shift your life’s perspective. Take the next seven days and commit to one of the five gratitude intensifiers. Do you have an idea of your own? That works as well. Just commit to doing it every day for seven days.\n\n\n  1. DEVELOP A GRATITUDE LIST: Take the next seven days and write down at least one specific item that you are thankful for every day.  Do not get caught up on the size and significance of the item. Focus on anything that enters your mind that you are grateful for.\n\n  2. ELIMINATE COMPLAINING: Take the next seven days and commit to not complain. If it rains when you were expecting sunshine, don’t complain. If your boss levies unrealistic expectations, don’t complain. If you get an email that frustrates you, don’t complain.  As you work on not complaining, surface positive aspects that help shift your perspective.\n\n  3. HANDWRITE NOTES:  Carve out quality time where you can think of ten people who unknowingly impacted your life. Then handwrite, yes with pen and paper, ten thank-you notes. Tell them specifically why you are thankful for them and how your life has been impacted by them. Think of the step you are taking as you have the notes written and mailed in the next seven days.\n\n  4. INTENTIONAL COMPLIMENT: Give one specific compliment to someone every day for the next seven days. Avoid general statements like, “You did great on that project.” Give specific details focused on what the person did and how it impacted you and the team. Be intentional in this step. It is in the specificity of the compliment that true gratitude is revealed.\n\n  5. RANDOM ACT OF GENEROSITY: Once a day, for the next seven days, extend a random act of generosity. It can be to someone you know or a complete stranger.  Randomly pay for someone’s lunch or buy a gift card and leave it on someone’s desk. Don’t do it to get applause but do it because you want to dive into being generous\n\nOnce you are done with the seven days, reflect on how your focus has shifted. How has the intentional commitment to live a life of gratitude impacted your perspective? If you are willing, commit to do all five over the next five weeks. Enjoy the journey of showing gratitude and seeking outlets to be generous.\n\n#encouragement #generosity #Gratitude #Leadership\n\n1 view0 comments\n\nRecent Posts\n\nSee All", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8110026121139526}
+{"content": "• Heisengerm\n\nMutazione: A Game About Growth and Healing\n\nVideo transcription below:\n\nA tough breakup, the loss of a loved one, regrets and guilt about past events. We’ve all felt these things before, some more than others. In the moment, it can be difficult to see the good things we still have, as the world can seem so much darker when you’re in emotional pain. Some people never climb out of this hole. Others get out, only to later fall back in, sometimes deeper. Letting ourselves heal is an important part of moving on, but that is always easier said than done. Mutazione, by Die Gute Fabrik, explores this idea, as it uses gardening to tell a story of creating new joy through growth.\n\nMutazione was once a normal island city, filled with many human inhabitants. Things were the same as any other city until a meteorite, later named the Moon Dragon, crashed down on the island. Most of the city was levelled, and many of the inhabitants were killed. The few survivors remaining began to be changed by mutations brought on them by the Moon Dragon. Over the course of 100 years, the whole island was changed by these mutations, which led to the city being overrun by many otherworldly plants and animals. The surviving inhabitants that continued to live on the island founded a small town there, which they named Mutazione.\n\nKai’s story begins on a boat ride to Mutazione, on her way to visit her dying grandfather, Nonno, who is a long-time resident of the island. Kai is reluctant to visit, as she had never had much of a relationship with Nonno due to a falling out her grandmother had with him, leading to her side of the family leaving the island before Kai was born. Since then, neither Kai nor her mother, Gaia, had visited the island. Upon her arrival to Mutazione, Kai learns that her grandfather is indeed in pretty poor shape. It seems that he will die quite soon. Curiously, conversations that Kai has with the locals reveal that the island’s unique ecosystem is also worse for the wear, and has been on the decline for a while.\n\nAfter her introductions with the islanders, Kai turns her attention to providing her grandfather some comfort. Nonno asks for Kai to use his old garden to grow a certain plant for him, as the fruit can be used to help ease his pain. After Kai gathers some seeds, Nonno gives Kai a special ceremonial drum and teaches her a song to play in the garden to encourage growth. At first, Kai dismisses the song, wondering how music could possibly influence a plant’s growth. However, after humoring Nonno and playing the song in the garden, something magical happens. The plants grow quickly and a sort of calming air occupies the garden. Kai feels that something is different, but can’t quite nail down what it is. Either way, she is able to gather the fruit and return to Nonno.\n\nAfter using the fruit to ease his pain, Nonno actually begins to feel better. He even recovers enough to get out of the house and visit with the rest of the town. Because he is feeling better, Nonno encourages Kai to go around the island and get to know the locals. It is here that the game really starts to open up and show what it’s all about.\n\nWhile talking to the locals, you discover that everyone is caught up in their own personal dramas. Some are struggling with heartbreak, looking for a sense of purpose, or dealing with the recent loss of a loved one. I’ll refrain from mentioning specifics here, as I do think that the experience of seeing these stories play out is an essential part of connecting with this game. Regardless, the islanders will eventually ask Kai for her help with their problems, and her solution usually involves growing a specific plant in one of the many gardens around the island and using that plant for something such as making a special food, ointment, or other remedy. Other times, simply starting a new garden and making it flourish is the solution. As you progress through the game, you will discover new gardens and new plants to grow, along with different songs to play that encourage different types of plants to grow. Eventually, your efforts have an effect on the island itself, as it slowly heals over time to return to its former glory.\n\nWhile Mutazione is a text-based story game, it also features a fairly complex gardening system. The game provides you with a plethora of seeds for many different categories of plants. These all have their own requirements for soil type, light levels, and moisture. Some plants are even incompatible with certain others when grown too close in proximity to one another. Additionally, to actually get your plants to grow, you need to play the correct song that corresponds to the seeds you just planted.\n\nWhile this may all seem complicated, the actual experience of starting and tending to a garden is very simple and Zen-like. Most of this amounts to going through the menus and choosing seeds that are compatible with one another, and playing the right song to match until the plants mature. To plant a seed, you look through the menu to find the plant that you want to grow. After placing a few seeds, you need to play the correct song to get the plants to grow. The songs you play last a few seconds, and are all sort of calming, each with its own feel. As you play the songs, the plants begin to grow, and as they do, they add other instruments and effects to the music. Each plant has its own unique sound it adds to the soundscape of your garden. Eventually, this results in your garden composing a song of its own, which can vary depending on which plants you grow, as well as how many. When you are satisfied with your work, you can then choose an option in the menu that lets you simply listen to your garden’s sounds. You’re allowed to sit here and listen as long as you want, which I found to be quite a pleasant experience.\n\nAfter your plants have matured and provided a harvest a couple of times, they eventually start to grow old. At this point, the plants won’t be able to provide any more useful materials, so you need to salvage them. When you salvage a plant, you usually gain back a seed or two, so it’s not a total loss. This will in turn allow you to re-plant a new seed, or grow a different plant in its place.\n\nGrowing a plant is a fascinating phenomenon. The act of planting a simple seed can seem like such a small event, but if tended to properly, the seed can grow into something beautiful like how a single acorn can mature into a colossal oak tree. A plant can bring joy and even provide sustenance to sustain other life. However, while growing plants seems like a simple thing in theory, it can take a load of work to properly maintain your plants, let alone manage an entire garden. It takes patience, and trial-and-error to figure out what works and what doesn’t. Mistakes are inevitable, but what’s important is that you learn from them, and use this knowledge to make your garden more resilient.\n\nThe plants you grow on the island of Mutazione are useful for a time and then need to be salvaged as they age. However, through salvaging these plants, you gain materials to grow more, as well as free up space in the garden for new plants to thrive. While the game doesn’t touch on it, refreshing your soil in real-life gardening by cycling in new plants or using fertilizer is also an important part of ensuring that your soil and future plants grown in it remain healthy. Part of the cycle of life is the decomposition of older plants to provide the nutrients for new growth. Without this, life cannot continue.\n\nThe same can sort of be said for the healing process. Difficult times obviously hurt in the moment, but it is also tough to move on. The guilt of past decisions or experience of losing a loved one can haunt a person for years to come. Moving on is of course difficult, but there are lessons to be learned from past mistakes. We can learn how to avoid the circumstances that led to these poor choices, or we can use lessons learned to make better choices in the future. We can dwell on the pain of losing a loved one, or we can try to cherish the memories we made with them. While we still have our loved ones, we can remind ourselves of the importance of creating memories that will still be with us when they are gone. Mutazione encourages the player to take painful things and try to grow them into something that can bring joy, just as old, decaying plants can fertilize new ones.\n\nIt is in these ways that tending to one’s emotional health can be similar to tending to a garden. It takes time and effort to grow, both literally and figuratively. There will be trials and tribulations in life, and we may not always succeed in them. No matter what happens though, we need to tend to our emotional gardens if we want to move on and grow.\n\nI really enjoyed how chill this short and sweet game is. If you’re looking for something a little different, check out Mutazione, available on PC, PS4, and Apple Arcade. Feel free to let me know what you think of this game too. I really enjoy checking out smaller, more meaningful games, and sharing what makes them great. Also, thanks for checking out my video. This is my first attempt, so I’m sure there’s things I could improve that I’m just not seeing. Let me know if you have any tips or advice, and if you liked this video, I guess do the YouTube thing. Thanks again for sticking around to the end!\n\nDeveloper: Die Gute Fabrik\n\nPublisher: Akupara Games\n\nPlatforms: PC, PS4, Apple Arcade\n\nRelease date: September 19, 2019\n\n4 views0 comments\n\nRecent Posts\n\nSee All", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9349405765533447}
+{"content": "News Detail\n\nWhat is the effect of air humidity on health?\n\nViews:301     Author:Site Editor     Publish Time: 2020-09-24      Origin:Site\n\nIn the hot summer, many people will feel sultry and weak. In winter, many people feel dry, and most people think it is caused by temperature. In fact, it is not just temperature that affects our physical and mental health. Air humidity is also the main cause of this phenomenon.\n\n\nWhat are the effects of air humidity on people's health\n\nAir humidity refers to the degree of humidity of the air, which is used to indicate the degree of saturation of the water vapor content in the air. Studies have shown that the most beneficial humidity range for human health is 45% to 60%. If the humidity in the air is less than 45%, it will cause indoor dryness, which may easily lead to respiratory diseases such as asthma. When the air humidity is higher than 60%, the human body will feel sultry and unbearable. When the air humidity is higher than 80%, it is too high humidity, which will make the body difficult to dissipate heat, resulting in symptoms such as increased body temperature, rapid heartbeat, dizziness and nausea. Home dehumidifiers can solve this problem well. In addition, if the air temperature is too high, but the humidity is too low, it will also affect the human digestive system. High temperature will cause the body to sweat a lot, which will result in loss of water and reduced saliva secretion, causing thirst in the throat. It will also accelerate the growth and reproduction of bacteria, causing food and water pollution. At the same time, it is also likely to cause capillary dilation, gastrointestinal upset, skin allergies and other issues.\n\n\n\nHow to control the air humidity in a suitable range?\n\nIf the air humidity is too high or too low, it will affect the human body. Therefore, we should find ways to control the indoor air humidity within the range of human adaptation.\n\n\nIn summer with humid air, open windows for ventilation to maintain air circulation. If the room is too humid, we can use desicant rotor dehumidifiers and wall mounted dehumidifiers to dehumidify and keep the room dry. In addition, in order to pursue coolness, some people will sleep on the floor directly in summer. Actually the moisture on the floor is heavy. Sleeping on the floor can easily make moisture to invade the body and cause joint pain and other problems. In addition to controlling humidity, we should also pay attention to food hygiene. Due to the humid environment, the food is very susceptible to spoilage and mildew, which may cause gastrointestinal problems after ingestion. Therefore, we should choose fresh ingredients and avoid eating expired or soon expired foods.\n\n\ndehumidifiers home depot\n\nIn the dry winter, we must take measures to increase the humidity in the air. First of all, green plants can be placed indoors. Daily watering is conducive to improving air humidity, and the plants themselves can also play a role in purifying the air. At the same time, moist mop can be used to wipe the floor, which not only ensures indoor hygiene, but also can use the moisture of the mop to increase the indoor humidity. If the humidity is too low, we can use a humidifier to increase the humidity. But the humidifier is prone to bacteria proliferation, so it must be cleaned regularly.\n\n\nIt is precisely because air humidity affects human health, so while we pay attention to temperature changes, we should also pay attention to changes in air humidity. Besides, we can use the rotomolding dehumidifiers and dehumidifiers home depot to hlep create a healthy humidity environment suitable for human growth.\n\n\n\nSubscribe to our newsletter for more message.\n  +86-571-28819085", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9870942234992981}
+{"content": "Dating greater relationship\n\n09-Apr-2020 18:24\n\nA British psychological study published in Evolution and Human Behavior in 2010 concluded that men and women, in general, continued to follow traditional gender roles when searching for mates.The study found that, as supported by other academic studies, most men preferred younger, physically attractive women, while most women, of any age, preferred successful, established men their age or older.An overarching evolutionary theory which can provide an explanation for the above mechanisms and strategies adopted by individuals which leads to age disparity in relationships is called Life History theory, Life History theory posits that individuals have to divide energy and resources between activities (as energy and resources devoted to one task cannot be used for another task) and this is shaped by natural selection.Parental Investment Theory refers to the value that is placed on a potential mate based on reproductive potential and reproductive investment.Age disparity in sexual relationships is the difference in ages of individuals in sexual relationships.\n\n\nAt e Harmony United Kingdom we understand that our users aren’t just interested in a date.\n\nThey want something more meaningful in a relationship.\n\ndid females show a preference for males significantly younger than male preferences for females\" and that there was a \"consistent cross-cultural preference by women for at least same-age or significantly older men\".\n\nA 2003 AARP study reported that 34% of women over 39 years old were dating younger men.We believe you deserve to find love - true love that comes with a lasting relationship.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9170680046081543}
+{"content": "AGM Rescheduled\n\n Good afternoon, everyone.\n\nThe AGM which was originally scheduled for 23 Oct @ 1330 was cancelled last week due to lack of attendance. The recent e-mails you've received regarding sign-up are to ensure that we have adequate numbers in attendance for the soon-to-be rescheduled AGM.\n\nPlease continue to sign up and, once we have adequate numbers to establish a quorum, we will announce the date for the AGM to ensure all members have the opportunity to attend.\n\nThank you.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9987916946411133}
+{"content": "After the demise of the Tang dynasty, the Liao dynasty ruled much of what we know today as northern and north-eastern China (Manchuria), Mongolia and parts of the Russian Far East and North Korea from 916 to 1125 and was contemporary with the first half of the Song dynasty.\n\nAs such, Liao dynasty ceramics produced in Manchuria followed the traditions of the Tang whiteware and the three-colour sancai but because the Liao were largely people from non-literate nomadic tribes, they also developed their own artistic styles of Liao ceramics.\n\nIn addition to their own imitations of Tang and Song wares, Liao pottery was produced in some unique shapes including long-necked vases, cockscomb vessels modelled on the flower, jugs with phoenix-headed mouths and flat flasks. These were Liao dynasty ceramics produced to imitate saddle bags made from animal hides used to carry milk, water or even liquor.\n\nAvailable Pieces\n\nNo products were found matching your selection.\n\nFurther information on Liao\n\nThe manufacturing techniques of these Liao dynasty ceramics involved being slipped and covered with a low-fired glaze of rich green or brown. Some Liao pottery was covered with an exquisite white glaze which has been compared to the high quality of Ding ware.\n\nGenerally speaking, Liao dynasty ceramics and Liao pottery were not as refined as those of the Song dynasty however Liao ceramics retain both the interest, charm and inherent beauty of fine provincial wares.\n\nYou should also check\n\nJapanese & Korean\n\nJapanese and Korean ceramics.\n\n\nChinese paintings, typically gouche and watercolour.\n\n\nObjects specifically from the Tang dynasty.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9993719458580017}
+{"content": "Deep South drought kills crops, threatens herds, dries lakes\n\nFile - In this Tuesday, Oct. 11, 2016, file photo, a couple walks near Lake Purdy where water levels have dropped several feet due to a sever drought, in Birmingham, Ala. Hotter than normal temperatures combined with the below normal rainfall have worsened drought conditions across Alabama. The very worst drought conditions are in the mountains of northern Alabama and Georgia. (AP Photo/Brynn Anderson, File)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9730970859527588}
+{"content": "In publica commoda\n\nPress release: Monitoring biodiversity with sound: how machines can enrich our knowledge\n\nNo. 115 - 18.06.2019\n\nResearch team lead by Göttingen scientist compares traditional and modern survey methods\n\nFor a long time, ecologists have relied on their senses when it comes to recording animal populations and species diversity. However, modern programmable sound recording devices are now the better option for logging animal vocalisations. Scientists lead by the University of Göttingen have investigated this using studies of birds as an example. The results were published in the journal Ecological Applications.\n\n\n\"Data collection by people is less reliable, provides only approximate values, and is difficult to standardise and verify,\" says first author Dr Kevin Darras from the Department of Crop Sciences at the University of Göttingen. For comparison purposes, the international research team prepared a systematic overview based on data from previous bird studies. In addition to the collected sound recordings, they also compared the usefulness of both methods.\n\n\nThe result: sound recording devices can provide the same data as those obtained by people during bird “point counts” (the standard survey method where a person logs the birds they see or hear). Sound recordings can be used to measure population densities and map territories of individual species. They can also record entire soundscapes and better measure animal activity over long periods of time. \"In a previous meta-analysis, we found that recording devices could detect and identify at least as many species as traditional ornithologists using standard techniques,\" says Darras. There are further advantages: enormous amounts of data can be checked, archived and automatically evaluated by computer programs to identify animal species.\n\n\n\"There are now very inexpensive, small devices that can record huge amounts of data over long periods of time and large spaces. In an increasingly data-driven time, they are the better choice.\" In addition to the systematic comparison, the study also provides a guide for scientists who sample the noises of animal populations acoustically. The authors give an overview of the currently available recording devices and discuss their modes of operation.\n\n\nOriginal publication: Kevin Darras et al. Autonomous sound recording outperforms human observation for sampling birds: a systematic map and user guide. Ecological Applications (2019).\n\n\n\nDr Kevin Darras\n\nUniversity of Göttingen\n\nAgroecology Group\n\nDepartment of Crop Sciences\n\nGrisebachstraße 6, 37073 Göttingen\n\nTel: +49 (0)551 39-33734", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.996608555316925}
+{"content": "What’s a Dosha and Which One Are You?\n\nHave you ever wondered why people are so different? Their looks, they opinions, their personalities?\n\nFrom our external environment and experiences to our genes and internal energies, humans are wonderfully individual.\n\nOn our deepest level, we function in a unique way that seeks balance. Who we are and our sense of self on this internal level can be explained simply by our Dosha(s).\n\nWhat is a Dosha?\n\nThe doshas are energies that make up the underlying factors to how our body and mind work. Their influence reaches far and wide, from our emotional disposition and problem solving approaches to our favourite music and food.\n\nThese dynamic energies create the blueprint for how our mind and body work. However, this blueprint is flexible to an extent – it changes in response to actions, thoughts, emotions, aromas, seasons and all the sensory input we encounter.\n\nOur aim is to understand our primary Dosha(s) and work to ensure it/they are balanced. BY gaining balance we can seek enhanced health. We can avoid weakening of the body and effects upon the Self that results from fighting against who we really are.\n\nDoshas and How They Make You, You\n\nThe Doshas are made up of the energies we find in our natural world; Earth, Water, Fire, Wind and the Ether.\n\nThese energies represent the states of which all matter can be; solid, liquid, radiant, gaseous and ethereal.\n\nThis just goes to show that the energies within us are those of the universe around us. We have the expansive universe inside our very soul.\n\nThe Combination of the Elements\n\nThe Doshas are combinations of the elements. Vata is composed of Ether (often referred to as Space) and Air. Pitta is the combination of Fire and Water. Kapha is the combination of Earth and Water.\n\nIn most cases, one Dosha dominates most individuals. However, a second Dosha can also have a strong influence and this causes a  dual-constitution of two Doshas.\n\n\nThe Space and Air elements enhance excitable qualities in people with Vata energies.\n\nPeople with a strong Vata Dosha are quick thinking and fast moving. They are enthusiastic, often have disrupted sleep and hunger patterns as well as experiencing changing moods.\n\nAlthough they have a tendency to worry they have bursts of energy, a powerful imagination and can grasp new information quickly.\n\nEnjoyable smells for people with high Vata energy reflect strong flavours and aromas. They often enjoy slightly bitter foods and usually find a blend of warm, sweets and sour aromas calming, such as basil and orange to rose and spices.\n\n\nWith a mixture of Fire and Water qualities, people with strong Pitta energies can indeed have fiery personalities!\n\nBuilt for endurance of body and mind, these people have enterprising motivations and enjoy challenges. They have a sharp hunger and thirst for both food and life opportunities.\n\nPeople with strong Vata energies are well spoken and enjoy feeding their sharp intellect. Their precise views and opinions help them commit and apply themselves to things important to them.\n\nDrawn to salty scents and flavours, Vata personalities can soothe their emotions using sweet cool aromas such as sandalwood, rose, mint, cinnamon and Jasmine.\n\n\nKapha energy has a grounding nature. People with this energy feel deeper connections with the earth due to the mix of Earth and Water qualities.\n\nThey embody a sense of calm power. Although they tend to be tranquil, slow and relaxed the empowerment they can bring to the surface shows strength in body and mind.\n\nPeople with high Kapha energy are affectionate, tolerant and forgiving. Their honesty and loyalty runs deep, making them a perfect companion to slowly deliberate and explore expansive ideas.\n\nSweet tastes are highly enjoyed by strong Kapha personalities. But as always, too much of a good thing can sometimes be no good at all! Kapahas can counteract their senses with less sugary tastes and balance their mood using slightly spicier scents including juniper, eucalyptus, clove and marjoram.\n\nDosha Balance is The Key\n\nYou can use your knowledge of your Dosha(s) characteristics to enhance your health and contentment in life.\n\nWhen considering your Dosha(s) all you need to remember is like increases like, while opposites create balance.\n\nFind what it is your Dosha needs to establish balance and you have found the middle way. This will bring you greater peace in body and mind and an equilibrium of life that brings you a calm sense of deep happiness.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9906104207038879}
+{"content": "Hyper Intelligent Automation trends 2021\n\nZinnov’s Automation Predictions 2021\n\nWhat does the future of Automation look like? Here’s a look at Zinnov’s Automation predictions for 2021 and what it means for enterprises’ digital transformation agendas.\n\nautomation trends\n\nKey Automation Trends That We Gleaned At The UiPath Reboot Work Festival\n\nAt the recently concluded UiPath Reboot Work Festival, we gleaned a few key automation trends. Know more in this blog.\n\n\n\n\nDigital Haystack - Why RPA Strategy Fails\n\nWhy Your RPA Strategy Is Failing\n\nWhy are organizations tightrope walking through their RPA journeys? What are the inherent challenges of implementing RPA? How can organizations scale their RPA initiatives?\n\nRPA Trends Which Shape Enterprises\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000100135803223}
+{"content": "onsdag 7. april 2021\n\nChina flanks Taiwan with military exercises in air and sea\n\nThe Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning and its escorts were conducting maneuvers around Taiwan, China's military said in a statement Monday.Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning sails through the Miyako Strait near Okinawa in this photo released by Japan's Defense Ministry on April 4, 2021.\n\n\"It was a routine training exercise organized according to the annual work plan to test the troops' training effectiveness and beef up their capability to safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests,\" the statement said.\n\nMeanwhile, at least 10 People's Liberation Army warplanes, including four J-16 and four J-10 fighter jets, a Y-8 anti-submarine warfare aircraft and a KJ-500 early warning aircraft, entered Taiwan's self-declared air defense identification zone (ADIZ), according to Taiwan's Defense Ministry.\nThe US Federal Aviation Administration defines an ADIZ as \"a designated area of airspace over land or water within which a country requires the immediate and positive identification, location, and air traffic control of aircraft in the interest of the country's national security.\"", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9976727962493896}
+{"content": "Choose from 500 different sets of physical education test flashcards on Quizlet. Main content. The teaching option contains courses in the fundamentals of physical education as well as courses in curriculum planning, teaching methods, and pedagogy relevant to physical education curricula for various grade levels. The students are advised to warm up before they participate in the test. Physical education is the foundation of a Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program. 1, 2 It is an academic subject characterized by a planned, sequential K–12 curriculum (course of study) that is based on the national standards for physical education. The teaching option contains courses in the fundamentals of physical education as well as courses in curriculum planning, teaching methods, and pedagogy relevant to physical education curricula for various grade levels. Grade 4 157. There are 130 questions on this test, split between topics in health education and topics in physical education. (A) Carbon dioxide (B)Nitrogen (C)Oxygen (D) Hydrogen Name the vitamin which is water soluble (A) … generall…, -It has to be important to you.... -It has to be something that y…, Wellness refers to a healthy state of being in body, mind, and…, means eating right, exercising, and keeping your bodily system…, means feeling safe and secure in your environment and at peace…, Children progress from simple reflexes to basic movements such…, Children learn more complex motor patterns including running,…, During late childhood, children learn more specific movement s…, During adolescence, children continue to develop general and s…. Physical education, also known as Phys Ed., PE, gym, or gym class, and in some Commonwealth countries as physical training or PT, is a class that pupils are required to take at school. Answer: The AAHPER (American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation) youth fitness test was formed in 1965 in United States, but was revised in 1976. Test takers will have 4 hours and 45 minutes to complete the questions. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains * and * are unblocked. The Praxis®️ Physical Education: Content Knowledge exam is used in multiple states as a requirement to teach physical education in public schools grades K-12. This concept may appear on the test. The process by which the body gets energy from food is called _______. A physical education teacher is responsible for teaching health and/or physical education to young students. Our tests of Lecturer of Physical Education include all the important questions and Past Paper of Lecturer Physical Education, that have extremely high amount of chances for been included in the actual exam which make our test undoubtedly the best source of preparation. What are the two most common causes of Type 2 Diabetes? Grade 3 131. SET Physical Education Question Answers for competitive exams: This mock test having mcq question each also from Paper II, Paper III Syllabus, with four choices.On each click on answers system will tell you where the answers is correct or incorrect.You can view this SET Physical Education test question details at the end of the quiz. Share. Candidates who are ambitious to qualify the Class 11 with good score can check this article for Notes. All the students must be medically fit. Which Harry Potter Hogwarts House Do You Belong To Quiz. The total marks of the paper are 100 and the total time is 90 minutes. Grade 8 265. Physical Education 1 (PHYSED101) Uploaded by. Think in more complex ways and you start to make decisions based on your values, Think about yourself and how you can get a head of everyone else, You begin to see other people have in a different way, Think about how you can get ahead of everyone else in anyway possible, Hair begins to grow under our arms and in our pubic area, Removing question excerpt is a premium feature. More Physical Education Quizzes. Greater muscle mass helps co…, the successful ability of the child to manage his or her body…, capabilities involving balance, coordination, lateral and back…, The movement skills that children need to travel within a give…, typically completed in a stationary position to help control t…, skills that require... movement of the body or limbs to... achieve a…, skills that form the basis for all... movement. ___________ are chemical substances produced in certain gland that help to regulate the way your body functions. They provide a fo…, -Throwing... -Catching... -Walking... -Running... -Kicking... -Striking... -Bala…, -stability skills... -Locomotor skills ... -manipulative skills, move an individual from one point to another.... Crawling, creepi…, Skills that involve whole body movements without traveling fro…, Helping students learn to handle and move objects ( OBJECT CON…, In a predictable stable setting ... typically self paced ... example…, ( 1-1.5 years ) most rapid growth in size, weight, and brain d…, ( 1.5-4 years ) development of fundamental movements, ( 3-4 years to 5-6 years ) further development in fundamental….\n\nDifferent Types Of Pulao Recipes, Clear Pvc Sheet 1mm, Milpitas Weather Yesterday, Metro Rail Twitter, Roasted Unsalted Mixed Nuts Uk, Grand Lake Michigan Depth, Dragon Ball Z: Infinite World Command List, Craigbourne Dam Fishing, How To Save Seeds From Peppers, 2015 Honda Pilot Price,", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7822933793067932}
+{"content": "Here, we assessed differentiation of a novel populace of EPCs towards lymphatic endothelial cells and their lymphatic formation. that there is a populace of CD34+VEGFR-3+ EPCs with lymphatic SCH-1473759 hydrochloride potential in human cord blood. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signalling pathway mediates differentiation of CD34+VEGFR-3+ EPCs towards lymphatic endothelial cells and lymphangiogenesis. Cord blood-derived CD34+VEGFR-3+ EPCs may be a reliable source in transplantation therapy for lymphatic regenerative diseases. control and 2?hrs; **control and 2?hrs; #6?hrs; &12?hrs. (B) Screening of the effective VEGFR-3 siRNA. In silencing VEGFR-3 mRNA expression, VEGFR-3 siRNA no.3 is more effective than siRNA no. 1 and siRNA no.2. Proliferation and migration of EPC-derived cells After induction with VEGF-C for 24?hrs, the number of the cells increased significantly compared with the control group. When the cells were transfected with VEGFR-3 siRNA, the number of the proliferated cells decreased (Fig.?6A). In transmigration experiment, VEGF-C stimulated the cells to migrate from your upper side to the lower side of the membrane through pores of the membrane in cell culture place (Fig.?6 BCE). The number of the transmigrated cells in VEGF-C group was greater than that in the control group. When the cells were treated with VEGFR-3 siRNA, the effect of VEGF-C on transmigration of the cells was inhibited (Fig.?6F). After wounding, the cells relocated from your monolayer side into the wounded area. The number of migrated cells and the maximal distance of cell migration in VEGF-C group are greater significantly than that in bFGF and VEGF groups. In VEGFR-3 siRNA group, migration of the cells was suppressed (Fig?7, Table?1). Table 1 Effects of bFGF, VEGF and VEGF-C on migration of the EPC-derived cells control group ?bFGF and VEGF groups #VEGF-C group. control; #the control group; #the control group; #and incorporated into the blood capillaries in ischaemic tissue [25]. CD34+CD133+VEGFR-2+ cells constitute a phenotypically and functionally unique populace of circulating EPCs that play a role in neo-angiogenesis [26]. CD34 is usually a haematopoietic stem-cell marker, while CD133 (originally called AC133) is usually a haematopoietic stem-/progenitor-cell marker. Many lines of evidence show that VEGFR-3 expresses on lymphatic vessel sprouting from embryonic vein as well as postnatal lymphatic endothelium specifically [4, 5]. VEGFR-3 may be regarded as a important marker of lymphatic progenitors. Unlike studies of other groups [15, 16], this study investigated potential of differentiation towards lymphatic endothelial cells and lymphatic formation of EPCs by using the sorted CD34+VEGFR-3+ cells. The cells have endothelial cell potential, including uptake of Dil-Ac-LDL and binding of UEA-1. In circulation cytometric analysis of SCH-1473759 hydrochloride EPCs that SCH-1473759 hydrochloride are capable of differentiating towards PRKM1 vascular endothelial cells, CD34 and VEGFR-2 are commonly used [27, 28]. Comparing CD34+CD133+VEGFR-2+ EPCs [26], CD34+VEGFR-3+ EPCs recognized in this study may differentiate into lymphatic endothelial cells and then undergo lymphatic formation. In view of differences in the surface markers, differentiation tendency and biological function, we suggest that you will find two populations of EPCs in cord blood, lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells (LEPCs) and vascular endothelial progenitor cells (VEPCs). Whether VEGFR-2+ EPCs and other phenotypes of EPCs may contribute to lymphangiogenesis remains unknown. Although transplantation of marrow-derived VEGFR-2+ EPCs resulted in cell incorporation into the newly created lymphatic vessels [15], effect of VEGFR-2+ EPCs to lymphangiogenesis needs to be elucidated. The result of cell transplantation suggested that haematopoietic stem cells can incorporate into normal and tumour lymphatics [29]. Because only few specific marks are available for identifying LEPCs at present, identification for LEPCs should be careful although GFP labelling is useful in SCH-1473759 hydrochloride cell-transplantation experiment. For example, lymphatic endothelial cells express CD34 as well as VEGFR-3 in some cases [4, 30]. Macrophages and dendritic cells expressing VEGFR-3 in the inflamed tissue [31, 32], possibly mistaking for LEPCs, may migrate into lymphatic capillaries. Umbilical cord blood is usually a rich and ethical EPC source for treatment of vascular diseases [33]. Recently, differentiation of EPCs derived from human cord blood has been investigated intensely [20, 34, 35]. Cord blood contains more EPCs than adult peripheral blood [36]. We found that quantity of LEPCs in cord blood is about 10 times of that in peripheral blood (data not shown). Endothelial progenitor SCH-1473759 hydrochloride cells derived from cord blood have higher colony-forming and proliferative potential than that from adult peripheral blood [26, 37]..", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6314806938171387}
+{"content": "How Much Does Concrete Block Weigh\n\nHow Much Does Concrete Block Weigh\n\nIn today’s article, we will be tackling about how heavy the concrete is. \n\nDo you ever think about how heavy concrete could be? A hard, strong concrete that stands still to protect you from danger from the outside? Fortunately, there is an answer to that. It involves mathematical and scientific explanation. To understand more, let’s define each one by one.\n\nWhat is Concrete?\n\nBasically, concrete is made up of fine sand, cement, aggregates (there are many kinds of concrete and its differences are because of what aggregate is being mixed up. So, there are many kinds of aggregates), and water. This is commonly used as slabs, pavements. Wall, floor, or anything that can be found in your construction. \n\nHow much does it weigh?\n\nWell, honestly, there is no specific weight of concrete. Concrete’s weight determines by several factors such as its form, how many is it, and its capacity measure.\n\nMathematically, concrete weighs for about 3,500 pounds up to 3,900 pounds per its measured capacity. This particular weight only involves the normal type of concrete. Weight may vary depending on its kind.\n\nFactors that can change a concrete’s weight:\n\nThere are some factors that should be considered in knowing concrete’s weight. It involves its form, its element, and its kind.\n\nConcrete form\n\nA wet concrete is heavier rather than a dry concrete. Why? Because the water that is present on wet concrete and is absent on dry concrete makes the concrete much heavy. To explain further, a powdered form concrete and a concrete that is already applied and dried weighs the same. When the water is added to the mixture, making it in a paste-like form, it becomes heavier. That is because of the weight of the water combined with the weight of the concrete. However, when the water starts to evaporate resulting in moisture, the water now leaves the concrete making it weigh lighter again. \n\nElement that is present on the mixture\n\nAs I have said a while ago, a concrete has different kinds depending on the aggregates used. For a lightweight concrete, it may be lighter for it has different aggregates used. Also, water is another element that is present in the mixture. The more water used, the heavier the concrete gets.\n\nKind of Concrete\n\nThere are many kinds of concrete. Some have steel in it making it tension resistant but also making it heavier. I have an example here. Mostly, these three kinds are commonly used at any construction.\n\nLightweight concrete weighs lighter than the other concrete that you can found. This concrete is not advisable to be used on buildings and pavements. This can be applied to retouching, though.\n\nOrdinary concrete weights up to 3,900 pounds per capacity measure. It is commonly used for pavements and floors. \n\nReinforced concrete weighs a lot much heavy rather than the two mentioned above. Because of its steel, it becomes much heavy. Reinforced concrete is commonly used for strengthening the walls making it resistant for any tension such as earthquakes.\n\nNow, that is all the basic things that you need to know. In the end, all concrete weighs differently. That is why it is important to ask the manufacturer first.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9528502821922302}
+{"content": "How To Make Tent Living Comfortable\n\nHere are 5 ways to make your tent more comfortable. Ground Cover. The last thing any camper wants is to sleep with nothing but the tent floor between them and the ground. Eye Mask And Ear Plugs. Organization. The Right Site. Toilet Time. Masks. Blackout Materials. Reflective Blankets.\n\nHow can I make my tenting more comfortable?\n\nBefore bed: Drink tea. Or another warm drink. Do some exercise. Eat something small. Put on your long underwear and some clean socks. Put dry clothes inside your sleeping bag. Wear a knit hat. Sleep with a warm water bottle. Close the sleeping bag up.\n\nHow do you make a tent feel like home?\n\nFive Ways to Make Your Tent Feel Like Your Home Away from Home Add lighting to increase visibility. There are many ways that you can do this but one of the easiest is to include rope lights. Put a rug on the floor. Invest in inflatable furniture. Come up with a dedicated floor plan. Keep things neat and orderly.\n\nShould you put a tarp under your tent?\n\nPutting some sort of ground cover or tarp under your tent is essential for the durability of your tent and to keep it warm and dry. If the tarp extends too far, even dew will run down the tent walls and collect under your tent. When camping at the beach, don’t put a tarp under the tent, but rather inside the tent.\n\nWhat is the most comfortable sleeping pad for camping?\n\n5 Sleeping Pads as Comfortable as Mattresses Therm-a-Rest NeoAir XLite ($130) NEMO Astro ($80) Exped MegaMat Duo ($350) Mountain Equipment Aerostat Down 7.0 ($190) Klymit Insulated Hammock V ($110)\n\nWhat to use for sleeping in a tent?\n\nGet comfortable tent bedding. There’s more camping sleep gear you can buy besides your sleeping bag, such as sleeping pads, pillows, and air mattresses for camping. Camping sleeping pads come in a few varieties – self-inflating, air, and closed-cell foam, which all have their use cases and benefits.\n\nWhy does tent leak when you touch it?\n\nWhy does touching the canvas of a tent during a rain storm make the tent leak? When you touch wet canvas, surface tension will draw water to your finger. What is left will still draw condensation more than the rest of the inside tent surface, so it will appear to leak from that point as long as the humidity is high.\n\nHow do I make my tent darker?\n\nHow To Blackout A Tent In 7 Simple Ways Use a blackout liner in the tent. Drape the outside of your tent with a blackout material. Use a blackout sleep mask. Find a shadier spot. Use darker tent material. Use specialized darkroom technology.\n\nHow do you make a tent cozy?\n\nNot only do throw pillows and blankets enhance the look of your tent, but they’ll actually make your bed comfier and keep you warmer at night. Even if you choose not to color coordinate, that’s enough of a reason to throw a few in the car before you leave.\n\nWhat do you put on a tent floor?\n\nAs camping tent flooring goes, foam mats are an excellent choice for families. They provide a safe, comfortable surface for kids and adults to sleep on, and they also provide cushioning for bare feet over rocks and gravel. Simply put, they make a great camping trip even better!\n\nWhat should you not bring camping?\n\n8 Things You Should NOT Bring Camping with You White Clothes: It’s camping. Raw Chicken: This is for health reasons – Just to be safe either cook the chicken beforehand and reheat it at camp, or stick with hamburgers and hotdogs. Hairdryer: You’re camping! Your Cat: Some dogs love going on camping adventures.\n\nWhat is the purpose of a tarp under a tent?\n\nA tarp under your tent protects the underside of the tent from wear and tear, nominally insulates, as well as prevents water from entering by acting as a moisture barrier.\n\nWhat is the most comfortable way to sleep in a tent?\n\nThese are a few things I’ve done to help stay warm while also staying comfortable: Put down thin foamies, foam squares or very thick woolen blankets under your air mattress on the bottom of the tent. Top your air mattress with thick wool blankets then cover with a fitted sheet to keep that insulating layer in place.\n\nHow do you sleep better when camping?\n\nFollow These Sleeping Tips for Even Better Camping Get some exercise during the day. Add comfort and warmth with quality sleeping gear. Bring your favorite pillow. Protect yourself from bugs. Store all food and scented items before bed. Follow a regular bedtime routine. Avoid campfire horror stories. Bring white noise.\n\nHow thick should a tarp be under a tent?\n\nYour tarp should be 2-3 inches smaller than the outside dimensions of your tent. This will help prevent pooling. Clean up the area where you will be setting up the tent. You want to remove all the branches and sharp rocks.\n\nHow do you keep a tent dry inside?\n\n\nCan I use a tarp as a tent footprint?\n\n\nWhat can I put under my tent on gravel?\n\nHelpful tools when pitching a tent on gravel are sturdy tent spikes or stakes, hammer, and a tarp of some kind. The tarp is to protect the bottom of your tent from the sharp edges of the gravel. The tent spikes are to make sure the tent is fastened down and not going to move with the wind.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5720874071121216}
+{"content": "JUNE 21, 2021\nGER | 34 minutes | 2021\n\nDrama, LGBTQ+ short film directed by Thùy Trang Nguyễn\nStarring Hồng Ngọc Lê\n\nyou can also click the film still below to watch the film\n\n\nFor Mít, a gender fluid person, a life between two worlds is nothing new. Against the expectations of grandmother Roan and mother Mai, Mít is seeing Lara. But before Mít has the courage to separate from the family, Roan is diagnosed with Alzheimer’s. For Mít, a part of the familiar world threatens to break away. If Roan forgets, then memories of the distant homeland of Vietnam also fade. Mít has to search for the connection between the two identities believed to be incompatible.\n\nDirector’s Statement\n\nMít means Jackfruit in Vietnamese. Mít is at the center of our film about three generations of strong women and non-binary people.\n\nThe story is set in Berlin, home to one of the largest Vietnamese communities in Germany. After the Vietnam War many people fled to West-Berlin. Others immigrated as contract workers to East-Berlin. In the unified city, German-Vietnamese people thrive in social, political and economic processes. Although immigration history is over forty years old, German-Vietnamese representation is barely visible. This story is about life after migration.\n\nWhat conflicts do we face now? What happens when a generation fades away?\n\nThese questions help to spotlight Míts complex identity and experiences. They are queer, they are German, they are Vietnamese, they are neither man nor woman. They are the keeper of their ancestors and the designer of their own future. For many young people, tradition and modern life can feel like painful contradictions.\n\nJACKFRUIT takes part in the emotional healing process in an empowering way. In search of our own story and history, we can enter into a dialogue between young and old, past and present.\n\n– Thuy Trang Nguyen\n\n\n\nDirector, Writer: Thùy Trang Nguyễn\nCinematographers: Katharina Hauke, Sarina Laudam\nEditing and Sound design: Ebru Sara Bilen\nMusic Composition: Nguyễn + Transitory\nProduction Managers: Mỹ Trang ‘Mitti’ Nghiêm, Maurice Egen\nAlso starring: Dần Boldt, Mai Phương Kollath, Shari Asha Crosson, Mehmet Yılmaz\n\nFollow and Support the Film and Filmmaker\n@thuytr.ng | @jackfruitfilm | website", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5129629373550415}
+{"content": "Quick links\n\n\nGo back to news\n\nTravel, Learning Adventures, and Making a Difference\n\nPosted on: Jan 14, 2016\n\n17 countries and 6 continents later, Marina has travelled seeing the world through the lens of a volunteer, a student, a tourist, and an employee. Led by a constant curiosity to better understand life and how one can best be an agent of change, some of her adventures include studying Vedanta philosophy in India, working with the UN Environment Programme in Washington, D.C., attending a university semester in Morocco, volunteering in Vietnam and attending the UN Conference on Sustainable Development in Brazil.\n\nWhat does one learn about the self through travel and how does the perception of self and the world around them change? Throughout this session, Marina will share how what she has learned applies to daily life, how one can create meaningful social/environmental change and share resources/opportunities that you can explore! Marina welcomes your curiosity and questions!\n\nThis event is co-hosted with CUE Travel Research Group.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9883139729499817}
+{"content": "Visible to the public Biblio\n\nFilters: Keyword is computational fluid dynamics  [Clear All Filters]\nPialov, K., Slutsky, R., Maizel, A..  2020.  Coupled calculation of hydrodynamic and acoustic characteristics in the far-field of the ship propulsor. 2020 International Conference on Dynamics and Vibroacoustics of Machines (DVM). :1–6.\nThis report provides a calculation example of hydrodynamic and acoustic characteristics of the ship propulsor using numerical modelling with the help of RANS-models and eddy-resolving approaches in the hydrodynamics task, acoustic analogy in the acoustics tasks and harmonic analysis of the propulsor under hydrodynamic loads.\nRudolph, Hendryk, Lan, Tian, Strehl, Konrad, He, Qinwei, Lan, Yuanliang.  2019.  Simulating the Efficiency of Thermoelectrical Generators for Sensor Nodes. 2019 4th IEEE Workshop on the Electronic Grid (eGRID). :1—6.\n\nIn order to be more environmentally friendly, a lot of parts and aspects of life become electrified to reduce the usage of fossil fuels. This can be seen in the increased number of electrical vehicles in everyday life. This of course only makes a positive impact on the environment, if the electricity is produced environmentally friendly and comes from renewable sources. But when the green electrical power is produced, it still needs to be transported to where it's needed, which is not necessarily near the production site. In China, one of the ways to do this transport is to use High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology. This of course means, that the current has to be converted to DC before being transported to the end user. That implies that the converter stations are of great importance for the grid security. Therefore, a precise monitoring of the stations is necessary. Ideally, this could be accomplished with wireless sensor nodes with an autarkic energy supply. A role in this energy supply could be played by a thermoelectrical generator (TEG). But to assess the power generated in the specific environment, a simulation would be highly desirable, to evaluate the power gained from the temperature difference in the converter station. This paper proposes a method to simulate the generated power by combining a model for the generator with a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model converter.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9953497052192688}
+{"content": "the last meeting\n\n21 march, bharata yatra 2008, kolkata\n\nthe loooooong bharata yatra is coming to an end. we were on the road for days and nights, of many weeks; in different states, languages, food, climates, travel, programes, bhajans, satsangs and jokes, prasad from amma… it’s all getting over. all that has happened is becoming beautiful memories..\n\nthe majority of the group will go back to amritapuri, some to their homes around the world, and a few with amma to continue to andaman, singapore, australia…\n\nbefore leaving, amma gave a satsang. it was a reflection of the tour, what we did, what we were supposed to do. it was a re-education of what spirituality means; how many times we failed to surrender, what a guru disciple relationship means, etc. so many points to pond over…\n\nprobably it was one of the best satsangs in recent times, as far as a serious sadhak is concerned. we have heard this many times, but when you hear it again, it helps to re-evaluate where we stand.. actually, that is the purpose of all this yatra. being asked once, amma said “if your mind is traveling, its yatra. if not, its not yatra.”\n\nas spiritual aspirants, we all should try harder to keep the mind off yatra; not to wander here and there, but to keep it with our selves.\n\nmay amma bless us.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5549872517585754}
+{"content": "language acquisition factors – Custom Nursing Help\n\nLanguage Acquisition Factors\n\nEach scenario below includes at least three factors that affect the students’ language acquisition. Think of the language factors present for each student. \nChoose one case, and identify what you see as a positive or negative force in their English language acquisition abilities. \nIn at least 500 words, discuss learner issues. How might any of these factors also affect the rate of language acquisition?\n\nMichael is from South Korea; although he excelled at his grade level, he does not speak any English. He has come to the United States after his parents divorced and will be temporarily living with relatives.\n\nAnale was born in Los Angeles. Spanish is the primary language in her home and neighborhood. Although she has been in school her whole life, she does not have a literary foundation in her first language (L1), but is motivated to learn English. Her grandparents say that English is of a higher status, and encourage her to learn it.\n\nKhalid has recently moved here from Afghanistan and was raised in a culture in which he is not used to seeing women working. He has a strong foundation in his L1, but very little exposure to English. He is also very concerned that he learns the pronunciation of American English, as opposed to British English.\n\nOriginal work and solid academic writing is expected.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5842892527580261}
+{"content": "\n\nThis survey is intended to collect anonymous data from patients that have already attempted elimination diets to determine if their Hidradenitis Suppurativa flares are triggered by the food that they eat.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9379832744598389}
+{"content": "Author: rlou\n\nThe Pennsylvania House State Government Committee recently concluded a series of meetings on election oversight. Election workers are hoping for reforms that will afford them more time to prepare before election day. These include pushing back the deadline to register to vote and allowing for mail-in ballots to be processed early.  However, Committee Chair Seth Grove is also considering proposals to subject more voters to photo ID requirements and to implement a system to compare signatures on mail-in ballots with those on registration records. \n\nLouisiana state senators have advanced a bill that would change the process by which voting machines are evaluated and acquired. The bill is designed to make the process more transparent, increase legislative oversight, and expand the number of voting systems that may be considered. Some critics of Louisiana’s current system argue that the bill does not go far enough. Citing unsubstantiated theories that voting machines in the 2020 election were used to carry out fraud, some are calling to replace the machines with paper\n\nThe Mississippi House passed 21 voting rights restorations bills, 19 of which were rejected by the Mississippi Senate. Mississippi’s legislature has a practice of considering whether to restore voting rights to citizens with felony convictions on a case-by-case basis.  According to an analysis conducted in 2018, 61% of the Missippians who have been legally disenfranchised are African American, although African Americans make up only 36% of state citizens who are of voting age. Visit Pine Belt News to learn more.Image Credit: Thomas R Machnitzki (CC BY\n\nThe House of Representatives passed a bill along party lines to make Washington, D.C. the 51st state of the United States. The Senate’s filibuster currently makes the bill’s passage of both chambers impossible without Republican support and five members of the Senate Democratic Caucus have not yet signalled that they will vote for the bill.  Opponents of the bill argue that making the nation’s capital a state should require a constitutional amendment.  Under the bill, the federal capital would still exist, but the state\n\nMembers of the Congressional Black Caucus are encouraging the Democrats to redirect their energies from the \"For the People\" Act, a sweeping election reform bill, to the more narrowly focused John Lewis Voting Rights Act.  It is believed that the latter bill may have a better chance of winning support in the Senate.  Additionally, some argue that the more targeted bill is of greater urgency, as congressional districts are due to be redrawn this summer. The smaller bill would restore to the redistricting process", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9879679679870605}
+{"content": "Albert Grabuleda\n\n\nBorn in Barcelona (Spain), I started in this industry as an actor in movies, and tv commercials but always stuck to my notebook to give rein to my authentic passion, to create stories that later give life as a filmmaker. After a brief passage through the direction of short films, I was attracted by the direction of commercials, by its ability to concentrate in a very short time the complete essence of a whole narrative. Almost ten years of experience as an actor, has made me understand very well what it feels like to be in front of a camera and therefore how to work with them. I am fascinated by unusual stories, to delve into the depths of human idiosyncrasy and to expose it in a simple way, like life itself. I always try to make sure that my work is full of details, magical moments, and steal them as if their protagonists were not aware of my presence, always keeping that point of reality, however unusual it may be. I really want to face new challenges, meet new teams, and work in different parts of the world. Loving the variety I think is the best way to grow together on each shooting", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9971389174461365}
+{"content": "19 Менахем-Ава 5781 года, четвертый день недели, гл. Экев\n\nProof of Existence of G-d\n\nSimilarly regarding this question which asks for proof of the truth of the existence of G-d.\n\n15.11.2020 513 (0)\nProof of Existence of G-d\n\nLetter 6876[1]\n\nBy the Grace of G-d, 25 Iyar, 5719 [1959], Brooklyn\n\nMr. Yitzchak Damiel,\n\nGreetings and Blessings!\n\nI received your letter along with the question from the young men’s and women’s groups. Please extend to them apologies for the delayed response, which was due to numerous preoccupations — especially prior to and following Pesach.\n\nOf course, their question itself is impossible to properly answer in a letter, and I am therefore compelled to restrict my response to a few main points. But I hope that you will be able to elaborate on several of the points in my letter, based on explanations from Torah and, particularly, works of Chassidut.\n\nIt goes without saying that if you find instances or points in my letter to be insufficiently explained, I stand ready to answer further questions or even difficulties and contradictions, and I will endeavor to answer them to the best of my knowledge.\n\nIn response to the question[2]:\n\n“Is there a way that we, as skeptics, can be convinced of the truth of G-d’s existence — and with a clarity that leaves no doubt or even possibility of doubt?”\n\nIn general, there are questions that appear simple and at first glance seem to deal with simple issues; and for this reason they are worded simply using common terms. Nevertheless, it is specifically these questions that require great care and precise explanation of their expressions. This is particularly true concerning a question that has been discussed back and forth for hundreds and thousands of years, and among diverse and broad circles that certainly had different intentions regarding the question and its details. Therefore, the proper procedure is that the person presenting a question such as this must explain themselves and define the terms that he is using.\n\nSimilarly regarding this question which asks for proof of the truth of the existence of G-d. The concept of “existence,” as well as what constitutes “proof” of an already existing entity, are terms whose meanings have become blurred by their extensive usage — from young children up to researchers who are extremely meticulous in every detail. [Your groups, however,] did not explain their intention in this regard.\n\nTo further explain: With respect to a young child, it could be argued that his idea of “existence” and “proof of existence” only applies to something that he can touch with his hands. And a regarding a blind person, for example, there is no such concept as colors. He is completely reliant on the report of someone else who tells him that they see colors and shades. On a simpler level, “everyone” is in complete and total agreement that for every action there must be a cause and a source. Thus, seeing things occurring serves as solid proof that there is a “power” at work, although it is not a “direct” proof and there seemingly remains room for doubt. A clear example of this is electricity. A person is a being with senses – his sense of sight confirms the existence of colors, his sense of hearing confirms the existence of sound, etc. — and they are considered complete and direct proofs. And while no sense allows a person to “see” electricity, one can perceive the effects it causes: making a wire glow or moving the [needle on a] electric meter, and the like. As a result, a person decides that the power called “electricity” exists — despite having never seen it — and that it is the reason and cause for the aforementioned events. In fact, this is considered definitive proof. The same logic applies to magnetic power, etc., but I chose the example of electricity since its existence is completely accepted beyond the shadow of a doubt.\n\nMoreover, on an even lower level, it has become accepted as an absolute truth – due to the widespread believe that every effect has a cause — that even an effect that “defies” logic has a cause. For example, the “existence” of the force of gravity, the proof for which is the way physical entities move — [i.e.,] seeing no visible cause for their movements we accept the existence of the force of gravity. And even though the effect is caused from a great distance away and without an intermediary, the intellect accepts it because the idea has been imbued within people since childhood and mentioned often in various textbooks, until it is considered an “obvious” concept that is completely beyond the shadow of a doubt and closed to discussion. [Consider] the current effort to attribute the force of gravity to a “refined” matter called “ether”. [The theory] necessitates that [ether] posses so many opposing and conflicting characteristics that the theory is even more discounted than the possibility of a distant force exerting an impact [on something else] without anything connecting the two – if there could be something more absurd than that[3].\n\nI do not know in which areas of science the questioners are occupied, or whether they are involved in the so-called “Exact Sciences.” However, it is specifically these sciences which recently produced another novel concept that completely defies intellect. Nevertheless, scholars of the Exact Sciences have accepted it as a fact and a [real] phenomenon, and it is practically an accepted truth among the masses — despite being totally incomprehensible. The concept [I am referring to is the notion] that matter is merely a specific configuration of energy and it is possible to change matter into energy and energy into matter – which is entirely illogical. However, [it has gained acceptance because] there were phenomena that had no explanation and if this concept is accepted they can be explained. This is what is commonly considered as scientific evidence that enjoys widespread acceptance as completely incontrovertible clear proof – as in the wording of the aforementioned question — although according to reason it is entirely absurd.\n\n* * *\n\nSince their question lacked a definition of what is acceptable as “clear evidence of the truth of G-d’s existence that is beyond the shadow of a doubt, etc.,” I assume that they will accept the same manner of evidence that they accept regarding their daily conduct.\n\nStarting from this point, there is of course a proof of the Creator’s existence, and in fact several proofs. But, as mentioned, there can be no opposition to them if they are not intellectually reasonable or even oppose rationality.\n\nFor, as said [previously], it is accepted among intelligent, thinking people who contemplate what is occurring around them, that in order to “explain” phenomena, intellect is absolutely not the determining factor.\n\nThe way of proving this is similar to the proofs used in the Exact Sciences, and even more so to the proofs that determine the day to day lives of each and every one of us:\n\nAnyone who considers their actions while sitting at home, walking around, lying down, or rising, will admit – without shame — that no one demands from themselves that they scrutinize the basis of their every action or conduct. Rather, they accept the testimony of others who have already investigated the matter. Only where there is concern that the testimony might be falsified, or that the witness was influenced by either external or internal factors, or that the witness was not in his right mind and has a distorted grasp of the matter, etc., is more testimony demanded. And the greater the number of witnesses, and the more diverse their experiences and the circles with which they are connected – which decreases the chances of any error or conspiracy, etc. — the more the proof becomes strengthened as definitive scientific evidence. Based on this premise, individuals and the general [population] do various things — regular, daily actions — fully confident that the matter is “true and certain.”\n\nThe same holds true in our case.\n\n[G-d’s] giving the Torah on Mount Sinai has been authenticated throughout the generations as an event that occurred before an audience of 600,000 men, besides the children. And if we are to include the women and men over 60, etc., [then there were actually] millions of individuals [in attendance] who left Egypt and “they alone saw with their own eyes.” This was not a testimony limited to single prophet, dreamer of dreams, or even a small group of people. [Rather,] it was testimony handed down from father to son through the generations, and all admit that there was no interruption in this tradition from then until today, and that the number of firsthand witnesses was no less than 600,000 people whose “views are not the same as one another, etc.”[4] Even after [the Jews] were spread throughout the four corners of the world, the various accounts of this historical event are consistent in all their details. Is there any testimony that is more trustworthy and accurate?\n\nThe second method of proof — also based on the above principle[5] — is that the sight of events, phenomena, and their outcomes establishes our approach, even when there is a concern [it might lead to] loss or harm, etc. Thus, when encountering something organized that includes many orderly parts that interact in a highly coordinated fashion where no one part has dominance over another, we conclude with total certainty that there is an outside force at work which connects and unifies all the parts. And the very fact that this power connects and unifies all the parts serves as proof that it is greater and more powerful than they are, dominating over them. An example of this is when we enter a factory that is operating entirely automatically, with no one in sight. No one would think — and there would be no argument on this — that there is no master engineer who sees the totality of every machine and every part in his mind, is fully in control over them, and is hooking them up to each other and to the center of operations, etc. On the contrary, the longer there is no human intervention in the mentioned factory and the more things run automatically, serves as even greater testament to the wondrous talents of the engineer.\n\nIf this is true for a factory, which contains hundreds or thousands or even tens of thousands of parts, then certainly when one contemplates our world: a piece of wood or stone, or plants and animals. And superfluous to mention the constitution of the human body, as in the verse, “from my own flesh I perceive G-d”; especially according to the current scientific explanations that everything is comprised of billions of atoms, and every atom is comprised of even smaller parts. Seemingly, there should have been mass confusion and disorder. Instead, we find incredible organization and integration between the smaller parts, the bigger parts, and the biggest parts, as well as harmony between the “small world” (microcosm, i.e., man) and the “large world” (macrocosm, i.e., the universe) etc., etc. It is therefore clear beyond any shadow of doubt that there is an “Engineer” who is responsible for everything. Of course, I am not oblivious to the known idiom that everything is conducted according to “the laws of nature,” but I felt it was unnecessary to emphasize that this is an expression which offers nothing in terms of an explanation. Rather, it is a convenient description of the current state of affairs — i.e., that all aspects of nature are orchestrated in a specific set order. However, to say that “the law of nature” is an independent entity onto itself, and that it controls all of nature, and that there exists thousands of such entities – corresponding to the number of “laws of nature” — is the greatest absurdity; and there are none among the scientific community involved in this subject who will agree with this. The aforementioned term, as mentioned, is merely a convenient and brief expression that describes the state of things and relieves the need to constantly repeat oneself with lengthy descriptions of the seemingly simple things that are occurring. It is, however quite obvious that it offers no explanation at all.\n\n* * *\n\nRegarding the main issue at hand: As was mentioned, I understand that students want a proof according to which they can actually and practically live their lives, and [in fact] the aforementioned proof is far stronger than any of the proofs and evidence according to which they currently conduct their daily lives. [Moreover,] what proof could be more straightforward than the fact that before going to sleep at night they prepare everything they will need in the morning, despite the fact that there is no intellectual reason to assume that tomorrow the sun will rise again and that everything in nature will run just as it day yesterday and the day before. Nevertheless, since the world has been following the same pattern for many days and years, they are confident that these “laws” will continue tomorrow and the next day. This “confidence” serves as the basis for the effort and great exertion they make in preparation for tomorrow morning, despite there being absolutely no basis for such behavior according to logic – unless [of course] the world has a Master.\n\nAs mentioned above, everything that has been said until now requires more elaboration and further explanation of some of the details. However, I hope that [what has been written] is sufficient and provides enough material to reflect and conclude that those who say we must search for proofs of the Creator’s existence, but the creation itself is a fact beyond a doubt, are mistaken. For the contrary is true: The most current scientific findings concerning the existence of created matter and how best to “describe” it are subject to very strong doubts; especially now, when the discrepancies between research findings across several fields are on the rise. Furthermore, this is in addition to the greatest, most important and fundamental scientific doubt: Who can determine whether or not impressions made upon the eyes, ears, or the mind in general have any connection with something that lies beyond human senses and intellect?[6] Such is not the case concerning the Creator, or in other words, the Cause who caused and arranged the entire creation – concerning Whom it makes no difference whether there is other actual existence outside of Him or just senses detecting what seems to be another existence. For the foremost logical deduction of the common man – according to which he lives his entire life – is that every known existence in his world was caused by something, either internally or externally.\n\nAnother point I need to add: Upon hearing a “simple” proof, it is a common and natural human reaction to struggle with its acceptance due to its simplicity. However, I hope that such is not the case among these questioners, for this hesitation is not based on the intellect and it also exerts no influence on one’s actual conduct, as can be clearly seen. [In fact,] one of the core principles of our belief in the Creator of the world and its Guide, and the Mount Sinai experience where we received the Torah and its mitzvot,[7] is that “the essential thing is the deed.”\n\nI look forward to hearing reactions to all of the above; and as mentioned in my included letter, I hope [the questioners] will feel entirely free to express their opinions, even if they disagree with what was written above.\n\nWith esteem and blessing.\n\n1. Printed in Likutei Sichot — Vol. 11, p. 273, and completed according to a secretariat copy.\n2. Concerning this issue, see Igrot Kodesh — Vol. 18, #6898, #6959, and #6969.\n3. While the idea of a distance force exerting an impact without an intermediary is generally difficult to accept, we see that the concept of gravity is widespread, and with greater conviction than some of the theories being offered for natural phenomena.\n4. I.e., no two people think alike. And yet they all stated the same testimony concerning what happened at Mount Sinai.\n5. The same methods of proving matters that the students accept in their daily lives will be acceptable for the purposes of this discussion on proving the existence of G-d.\n6. How can one know for sure that what his senses detect is accurate and constitutes the definitive truth of the world?\n7. The commandments.\n\nSupport www.moshiach.ru", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9685210585594177}
+{"content": "Working Group 2: Culture in the Grey Zone\n\nWorking Group Chairs: Zsófia Lóránd and Jan Mervart\n\nThe activities of this Working Group are informed by an understanding of resistance as an act of negotiated autonomy and are aimed at exploring the ambiguous realm between the official culture of former socialist countries on the one hand, and openly dissenting cultural activities on the other. We examine the dilemmas of members of academic and artistic communities who, without engaging in open dissent, cultivated ties to both organized opposition and transnational scientific and artistic networks, and often played a mediating role in introducing subversive, often Western ideas, trends and theories to the arts, humanities and social sciences as well as to everyday cultural practices.\n\nThis research will enable a better understanding of the double roles played by these individuals and groups, namely those of simultaneously legitimizing and subverting official culture and engaging in East-West dialogue. We will take into consideration the circumstances affecting life choices of the grey zone artists and scholars such as the existence of organized cultural opposition outside the official realm, degree of dependence of such professions on state patronage, the degree of cultural isolation from the West or relationships to Western institutions promoting cultural freedom. In the process of exploring how the grey zones and the actors within the grey zones operate, we are also interested in the changing and highly-context dependent concept of the grey zone itself.\n\nFővám square, former Customs Palace, the lecture hall of Karl Marx university of economics (1987)\n\nDon't show this message again", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9799352884292603}
+{"content": "Organic molecules reveal clues about dying stars and outskirts of Milky Way\n\n\nResearchers from the University of Arizona will present findings from radio-astronomical observations of organic molecules at the 238th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, or AAS, during a press conference titled “Molecules in Strange Places” at the 238th AAS Meeting on Tuesday, June 8, at 12:15 p.m. EDT.\n\nA team led by Lucy Ziurys at the University of Arizona reports observations of organic molecules in planetary nebulae in unprecedented detail and spatial resolution. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array, or ALMA, Ziurys and her team observed radio emissions from hydrogen cyanide (HCN), formyl ion (HCO+) and carbon monoxide (CO) in five planetary nebulae: M2-48, M1-7, M3-28, K3-45 and K3-58.\n\nThe emission from these molecules was found to outline the shapes of planetary nebulae, which previously had only been observed in visible light. In some cases, molecular signatures revealed previously unseen features. The high resolution of one arcsecond, equivalent to a dime viewed from 2.5 miles away, resulted in striking images of the nebulae, clearly showing the complex geometries of the dense, ejected material with bars, lobes and arcs never clearly observed before.\n\nPlanetary nebulae are bright objects, produced when stars of a certain type reach the end of their evolution. Most stars in our galaxy, including the sun, are expected to end their lives this way. As the dying star sheds large amounts of its mass into space and becomes a white dwarf, it usually emits strong ultraviolet radiation. This radiation was long thought to break up any molecules hurled into the interstellar medium from the dying star and reduce them to atoms.\n\nDetection of organic molecules in planetary nebulae in recent years have shown that this is not the case, however, and the observations presented here further support the idea that planetary nebula serve as critical sources that seed the interstellar medium with molecules that serve as the raw ingredients in the formation of new stars and planets. Planetary nebulae are thought to provide 90% of the material in the interstellar medium, with supernovae adding the remaining 10%.\n\n“It was thought that molecular clouds which would give rise to new stellar systems would have to start from scratch and form these molecules from atoms,” said Ziurys, a Regent’s Professor of Chemistry and Astronomy at UArizona. “But if the process starts with molecules instead, it could dramatically accelerate chemical evolution in nascent star systems.”\n\nZiurys and her team believe the shape shifting behavior in the nebulae’s geometry may be driven by certain processes involved in nucleosynthesis, in other words, the forging of new elements inside a star.\n\n“It tells us that in a dying star, which is spherical until its final phase, some very interesting dynamics occurs once it goes through the planetary nebula stage, which changes that spherical shape,” Ziurys said. “These stars just lose their mass, and so there’s really no mechanism for them to all of a sudden become bipolar or even quadrupolar.”\n\nAccording to the researchers, one possible explanation could be helium flashes, which originate in a hot, convective shell around the core of a dying star and could possibly provide a source of explosive nuclear synthesis away from the star’s center, resulting in the very complex shapes seen in some nebulae.\n\n“This could probably distort the spherical shape because a helium flash can explode through the poles of a star, where it will be directed by magnetic fields, and that will have an effect on the shape of the nebula that will form around it,” she said.\n\nAccording to Ziurys, many planetary nebulae are something of an enigma, because they evolved from spherical stars but then gave rise to bipolar or even quadrupolar structures.\n\n“It’s been a puzzle to astronomers as to how you go from a spherical geometry into these multipolar geometries,” she said. “The molecules we observed trace the polar geometries beautifully, and so we’re hoping that this is going to give us some insight into the shaping of planetary nebulae.”\n\nIn a second presentation, Lilia Koelemay, a doctoral student in Ziurys’ research group, will report on the discovery of organic molecules in the outskirts of the Milky Way, more than twice as far from the galactic center than what is known as the Galactic Habitable Zone, or GHZ.\n\nThe Milky Way’s GHZ, which includes the solar system, is a region considered to have favorable conditions for the formation of life. It is thought to extend to only up to 10 kiloparsecs, or about 32,600 light-years, from the galactic center.\n\nUsing the UArizona ARO 12-Meter Telescope on Kitt Peak near Tucson, Arizona, Koelemay, Ziurys and team searched 20 molecular clouds in the Milky Way’s Cygnus arms for signature emission spectra of methanol, a basic organic molecule. At a mere 20 Kelvin, these clouds are typically extremely cold and far from the galactic center, at a distance of 13 to 23.5 kiloparsecs. The team detected methanol in all 20 clouds.\n\nAccording to Koelemay, the detection of these organic molecules at the galactic edge may imply that organic chemistry is still prevalent at the outer reaches of the galaxy, and the GHZ may extend much further from the galactic center than the current established boundary.\n\n“Scientists have wondered about the extent of organic chemistry in our galaxy for a long time, and it was always thought that not too far beyond our sun, we’re not going to see a lot of organic molecules,” Koelemay said. “The widely held assumption was that in the outskirts of our galaxy the chemistry necessary to form organics just doesn’t occur.”\n\nThat conclusion was partly based on the supposed dearth of organic molecules in the outer reaches of the galaxy, according to the researchers. The notion of the galactic habitable zone is based on the idea that for habitable conditions to exist where life can evolve, a planetary system can’t be too close to the galactic center with its extremely high density of stars and intense radiation, and it can’t be too far out, because there would not be enough elements critical for life, such as oxygen, carbon and nitrogen.\n\nThe observations were made possible by a new 2-millimeter wavelength receiver with unprecedented sensitivity. Developed in a collaboration between Ziurys, Gene Lauria, an engineer at Steward Observatory, and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, the receiver allows for detection of molecular emission lines in a wavelength bandwidth radio astronomers in the US could not access for many years.\n\n“Without this new instrument, these observations would have taken hundreds of hours, which is not feasible,” Ziurys said. “With this new capability, we expect to dramatically open our observation window and detect molecules in other regions of our galaxy previously thought to be devoid of such chemistry.”\n\nRecently, Koelemay has begun to look for other molecules besides methanol, such as methyl cyanide, organic molecules with ring structures and others that contain functional groups known to be crucial building blocks for biomolecules. Discoveries of these molecules in the interstellar medium have attracted much interest, as many researchers deem them promising candidates for the emergence of life. When organic molecules are present in emerging planetary systems, they can condense onto the surfaces of asteroids, which then deliver them to nascent planets, where they could potentially jump-start the evolution of life.\n\n“We’re finding these species way on the outskirts of the galaxy, and the abundance doesn’t even drop off 10 kiloparsecs from the solar system, where the chemistry necessary for building the molecules necessary for life just wasn’t believed to occur,” said Ziurys, Koelemay’s adviser and a co-author on the report. “The fact that they’re there expands the prospects of habitable planets forming far beyond what has been considered the habitable zone is extremely exciting.”\n\n\nMedia Contact\nDaniel Stolte\n[email protected]\n\nLeave A Reply\n\nYour email address will not be published.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9992930293083191}
+{"content": "Heidi Hehn is crazy for ravens. It’s a taste she shares with many northerners. These big, black, intelligent birds bring wilderness into the city. Sometimes they bring that wildness closer than you’d like it, for example, when they tear apart the garbage in the back of a pickup truck.\n\nHowever, many people really appreciate their company.\n\nHehn finds in ravens “a metaphor for people.” She feels they hold up a mirror to human society, and offer “someone to socialize with in the winter months.”\n\nHehn’s raven-themed paintings take up two alcoves in the North End Gallery, located at Steele and Wood Streets in Whitehorse in the Horwoods’ Mall. The show, called Raven Mad, features conversational statements beside each painting, musing about ravens and human society.\n\nShe works in fluid acrylics, creating smooth surfaced canvases in medium sizes. Sometimes Hehn uses very few colours in her palette. Her painting “Last call,” for example, is largely purple, with yellow used as an accent. It’s a nostalgic reflection on the disappearance of the phone booth. A yellow full moon sails in a light violet sky above snow covered mountains with carefully rendered ridges. Hehn depicts a whimsical phone booth constructed of logs. Moose antlers on the top, perhaps serving as some kinds of satellite dish to bring in signals to this remote location, catch and cradle the yellow moonlight. An oil lamp hangs from one antler prong. Four ravens perch atop the branching antlers.\n\nIn others she uses a wider variety of colours. In “Social Networking,” ravens gather around an iPhone in a coffee shop, talon on the touchscreen. People in the background drink their beverages and look at their phones. The ravens contain a lot of colour, and retain a drawn quality. You can see the lines Hehn has used to trace their feathers.\n\nBright red livens many of the paintings. In “Turkey Telegraph,” ravens on a wire, again under a full moon, perch against mountains in pale lavender and brilliant red. The effect of the colours has an unsettling edge, perhaps the madness Hehn refers to in her title.\n\n“A River Romance” evokes a sweeter feeling. Two ravens bill and coo in a canoe. Warm orange light suffuses the sky and river.\n\nHehn includes some of her vintage car and raven pairings. It’s a combination she’s used before, and she seems to have an affinity for these Mustangs and Chevrolets.\n\nIn many of these paintings, Hehn covers the canvas with a single colour. This strategy ties the work together. You can see the colour come out between her brushstrokes. If this kind of technical detail interests you, check the edges of her paintings. You can often discern what colour of underpainting she’s used.\n\nBecause Hehn was out of town at the beginning of the month, the North End Gallery will celebrate Raven Mad with a closing rather than an opening reception. Meet the artist on April 29 from 5 to 7 p.m.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9614355564117432}
+{"content": "Adrian Adermon\n\nI am a researcher at the Institute for Evaluation of Labor Market and Education Policy (IFAU) in Uppsala, Sweden. I am also affiliated with the Uppsala Center for Labor Studies (UCLS) and Uppsala Center for Fiscal Studies (UCFS) at Uppsala University.\n\nI received my PhD in Economics from Uppsala University in 2013. My research is mainly focused on two issues: long-run social mobility; and the impact of technological change on the labor market.\n\nContact me at\n\nFull CV.\n\nCurrent research projects\n\nTrends in Absolute Income Mobility in North America and Europe\n\nAbstract We compute rates of absolute upward income mobility for the 1960–1987 birth cohorts in eight countries in North America and Europe. Rates and trends in absolute mobility varied dramatically across countries during this period: the US and Canada saw upward mobility rates near 50% for recent cohorts, while countries like Norway and Finland saw sustained rates above 70%. Decomposition analysis suggests that differences in the marginal income distributions, especially the amount of cross-cohort income inequality, were the primary driver of differing mobility rates across countries. We also demonstrate that absolute mobility rates can be accurately estimated without linked parent-child data.\n\nGig-jobs: Stepping stones or dead ends?\n\n\nEquality of opportunity and intergenerational mobility\n\nwith Gunnar Brandén and Martin Nybom\nAbstract The analysis of social mobility by economists has largely been been carried out in two separate strands of research. The intergenerational mobility literature is focused on estimating regressions which relate child outcomes to parental outcomes. On the other hand, the equality of opportunity literature is rooted in a normative theoretical framework, and has only more recently started generating empirical estimates of social mobility. Intergenerational mobility regressions are empirically attractive because they are relatively straight-forward to estimate, but it is not always obvious how they should be interpreted. In contrast to this, equality of opportunity measures have a clear and simple interpretation, but are very demanding in terms of data, requiring the researcher to observe a large set of variables. In this paper, we bridge the two literatures by estimating both equality of opportunity and intergenerational mobility measures—including intergenerational regression coefficients and sibling correlations—for 125 Swedish local labor markets. This allows us to test to what extent the different measures correlate, providing valuable empirical evidence on the plausibility of interpreting intergenerational mobility measures as informative about equality of opportunity.\n\nPublished papers\n\nDynastic human capital, inequality, and intergenerational mobility (2021)\n\nAbstract We estimate long-run intergenerational persistence in human capital using information on outcomes for the extended family: the dynasty. A dataset including the entire Swedish population, linking four generations, allows us to identify parents’ siblings and cousins, their spouses, and spouses’ siblings. Using various human capital measures, we show that traditional parent-child estimates underestimate long-run intergenerational persistence by at least one-third. By adding outcomes for more distant ancestors, we show that almost all of the persistence is captured by the parental generation. Data on adoptees show that at least one-third of long-term persistence is attributed to environmental factors.\n\nIntergenerational wealth mobility and the role of inheritance: Evidence from multiple generations (2018)\n\nAbstract This study estimates intergenerational wealth correlations across up to four generations and examines the degree to which the wealth association between parents and children can be explained by inheritances. Using a Swedish dataset with newly hand-collected data on wealth and bequests, we find parent-child rank correlations of 0.3–0.4 and grandparent-grandchild rank correlations of 0.1–0.2. Bequests and gifts appear to be central in this process, accounting for at least half of the parent-child wealth correlation while earnings and education can account for only a fourth.\n\nJob Polarization and Task-Biased Technological Change: Evidence from Sweden, 1975–2005 (2015)\n\nwith Magnus Gustavsson\nAbstract In this paper, we show that between 1975 and 2005, Sweden exhibited a pattern of job polarization with expansions of the highest- and lowest-paid jobs compared to middle-wage jobs. The most popular explanation for such a pattern is the hypothesis of task-biased technological change, where technological progress reduces the demand for routine middle-wage jobs but increases the demand for non-routine jobs located at the tails of the job-wage distribution. However, our estimates do not support this explanation for the 1970s and 1980s. Stronger evidence for task-biased technological change, albeit not conclusive, is found for the 1990s and 2000s. In particular, there is both a statistically and economically significant growth of non-routine jobs and a decline of routine jobs. However, results for wages are mixed; while task-biased technological change cannot explain changes in between-occupation wage differentials, it does have considerable explanatory power for changes in within-occupation wage differentials.\n\nPiracy and music sales: The effects of an anti-piracy law (2014)\n\nLast updated: 2021-07-10", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999942183494568}
+{"content": "From hurricanes and tornadoes to floods and earthquakes, and blizzards and droughts, Alley Cat Allies has expertise to help cat caregivers prepare for natural disasters and their aftermath. We help connect cat owners and community cat caregivers get the information, resources, and support they need in the event of an emergency.\n\nWhat to Do When Disaster Strikes\n\nCommunity cat caregivers and cat owners should plan ahead by devising a detailed disaster plan for the cats they care for. While community cats’ home is the outdoors, and they are well adapted to the natural environment with great instincts for dealing with weather emergencies and natural disasters, there are still ways people can help!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999738335609436}
+{"content": "Charles Darnay\n\nfictional character\nSelect Citation Style\nThank you for your feedback\n\n\n\nCharles Darnay, byname of Charles St. Evrémonde, fictional character, one of the protagonists of Charles Dickens’s A Tale of Two Cities (1859). Darnay is a highly principled young French aristocrat who is caught up in the events leading up to the French Revolution and is saved from the guillotine by Sydney Carton.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000066757202148}
+{"content": "\n\nBe Careful Managing Project Dependencies10 min read\n\n\n\n\n\nDependency Types\n\n\n    1. Information shared from one project to another that would impact the latter’s scope or approach to completing the project. An informational dependency commonly exists when there is a known touch point between two projects and is based on changes to engineering standards, operational procedures, architecture, security, etc. For example, one project is working on changes to certain standards and procedures that affect another project. The upstream project team may not yet know what the final deliverable or solution is, but a downstream project knows that the results may impact its project’s design. There may not be a hard deliverable as described above, but changes to standards and procedures could create future re-work, so both project teams need to stay in close communication.\n\nTactics for Managing Dependencies\n\nManaging dependencies is an iterative process. The more complex the organization, the more dependencies will occur between projects, and the more effort required to manage the dependencies. In order to successfully establish the process for managing dependencies some preliminary questions need to be answered:\n\n  1. What data needs to be captured? (DATA)\n    1. The amount of data collected will vary from company to company and will be based on the maturity of the organization collecting the data. Lower maturity organizations may simply want to know that a dependency exists and not go any deeper. More mature organizations may go further to understand the type and severity of the dependency as well as workarounds, cost of workarounds, timing, etc.\n  2. Who is going to capture it? (ROLE)\n    1. The timing, quality, and amount of data collected will help determine who is responsible for the data. In the early phases of a project, a business analyst may be very capable of collecting all of the necessary data. However, if technical information and costs are needed, a technical analyst or solution architect may need to be involved. If dependency information is not used until later in the project lifecycle, a project manager may be the right person to collect and manage this data. Getting the right people (role) involved at the right time is an important part of proactively managing project dependencies.\n  3. How and when will it be captured? (PROCESS)\n    1. These questions relate to the process of collecting dependency data. The right people need to be involved, but they also need to understand the process for collecting data so that senior leaders consistently have the right information at the right time for making better decisions. The process may require face to face meetings at the initiation of a project, or it may be written in as part of a business case based on data gleaned from an existing system. The quantity and quality of the data may change during the project lifecycle.\n  4. Where will the data be stored? (TOOL)\n    1. Managing dependency data in a central IT system will reduce maintenance costs, increase visibility, improve quality, and raise the likelihood that the data will be available when needed. However, data may be stored in various systems or tools at different times in the project lifecycle. For instance, at project initiation, the initiator may only have limited data available and enter this information into the project proposal form. Perhaps at the next phase, it is entered into a matrix for further analysis, but entered into a central IT system for general consumption.\n    2. Although the dependency data will be stored in a system, do not rely on technology for identifying dependencies. Some ongoing form of meetings will be required to discuss project dependencies, and face to face communication is the best form of communication to accomplish this. In the portfolio planning phase, subject matter experts, senior business analysts, or solution architects, may be needed to do preliminary analysis to identify potential dependencies. Once a project has been approved, a project manager and/or a program manager will be responsible for managing the dependencies.\n\n\n  1. Identify potential dependencies—a matrix of all active and potential projects should be created to help capture the initial dependency data. If the matrix is too large, then grouping projects into smaller portfolios will help make the matrix more manageable.\n  2. Identify dependency types—further analysis is required to understand the specific type of dependency. Subject matter experts, senior business analysts, or solution architects should be able to understand and identify the type of dependency. \n  3. Impact assessment—understanding the impact assessment further enables the portfolio management team and program manager (if applicable) to sequence projects appropriately. Projects that have numerous upstream dependencies have a much higher risk, whereas projects that affect multiple downstream projects will probably have a higher priority (thus receiving more resources and more attention) so as not to disrupt the downstream projects.\n  4. Get clarity and negotiate the dependency—identifying and assessing the dependency is only the first step. Project teams must fully understand the details of the dependency in order to make it actionable. Negotiation is an important part of the process and requires strong project leadership because one side may not agree that a true dependency exists.\n  5.  Build the dependency into the project plan—this makes all of the previous steps actionable and allows the project teams to monitor the status of the dependencies. In some instances, the project managers may put this information into the project schedule. Others may track the dependencies through a risk management log or other reporting vehicle. Very mature organizations may build a hard dependency into the project schedule between projects so that if the upstream project slides, the downstream project’s schedule will reflect the schedule slide (I don’t generally recommend this, so use with discretion).\n  6. After the information is compiled, additional summaries can be created to depict the relationships around a given project. Such information can be useful to senior management in project status meetings and portfolio reviews. In the example below, we can quickly see all of the projects impacting and being impacted by the given project and the type of dependency between projects. Other key information such as stakeholders, affected systems and processes, and current priority ranking can be included to further enhance decision making.\n\n\nManaging project dependencies is an important component to successful portfolio planning. Proactive management of project dependencies will not only help ensure you have a successful portfolio, but also mitigates against some portfolio risks. A strong PMO will have ongoing discussions among Project and Program managers to manage dependencies, but senior leadership should have a clear understanding of the key relationships among projects when making a number of portfolio related decisions.\n\nThe Timesheet functionality which is typically the one used by all users in an organization is revamped with a simple to use UI providing users the ability to enter time against three categories of activities viz., Project, Operations and Organizational. Users would also be able to copy the entries from the previous week thus reducing the time it takes to record time for weeks with similar work activities.\n\nThis was a guest article written by Tim Washington from Point B.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9375978112220764}
+{"content": "Protein Synthesis\n\nBig Picture\n\nDNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are the molecules that provide genetic directions to the cells of all organisms. Almost all organisms use DNA as their principle genetic material with the exception of certain RNA viruses. DNA contains instructions for making proteins, which determine the structure and function of the cells. RNA carries that information from DNA to the ribosomes where proteins are made. Transcription is the process of transferring genetic information from DNA to RNA, and translation is the process of using the information from RNA to create proteins.\n\nKey Terms\n\nCentral Dogma of Molecular Biology: Doctrine that genetic instructions in DNA are copied by RNA, which carries them to a ribosome where they are used to synthesize a protein.\n\nProtein Synthesis: Process in which cells make proteins that includes transcription of DNA and translation of mRNA.\n\nGenetic Code: Universal code of three-base codons that encodes the genetic instructions for the amino acid sequence of proteins.\n\n\nTranscription: Process in which genetic instructions in DNA are copied to form a complementary strand of mRNA.\n\nRNA Polymerase: An enzyme that helps produce RNA during transcription.\n\nPromoter Site: Region of a gene where a RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription of the gene.\n\nIntrons: Non-coding regions of mRNA that are removed by splicing.\n\nExtrons: Coding regions.\n\nTranslation: Process in which genetic instructions in mRNA are “read” to synthesize a protein.\n\nTypes of RNA\n\nMessenger RNA (mRNA): Type of RNA that copies genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus and carries them to ribosomes in the cytoplasm.\n\nRibosomal RNA (rRNA): Type of RNA that helps form ribosomes and assemble proteins.\n\nTransfer RNA (tRNA): Type of RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes where they are joined together to form proteins.\n\nProtein Synthesis\n\nProtein molecules play a huge role in the body, as many of our structures are made of protein. The genetic instructions in DNA is carried by RNA to the ribosomes where the proteins are made. The relationship DNARNAprotein is known as the central dogma of molecular biology.\n\nThe Genetic Code\n\nDuring protein synthesis, the protein is built up one amino acid at a time. DNA contains the information that determines which amino acid comes next.\nDNA is made up of four different nitrogen bases: adenosine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).\nThese bases make up the genetic code. All living things have the same genetic code. Groups of three of these bases form a codon that stands for an amino acid or codes for a start or stop signal.\n\nRole of RNA\n\nDNA always stays in the nucleus, yet the actual process of protein synthesis occurs in the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Instructions coding for a specific protein from the DNA are transferred to the ribosomes in the form of RNA, a small molecule that can leave the nucleus. The codons in RNA are complementary to the codons in DNA, so the thymine (T) in DNA is replaced with uracil (U) in RNA.\nThere are three main types of RNA:\n\nmessenger RNA (mRNA): copies the genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus and carries them to ribosomes in the cytoplasm\n\nribosomal RNA (rRNA): helps form ribosomes\n\ntransfer RNA(tRNA): brings amino acids to ribosomes\n\nWhile DNA can make protein, protein cannot make DNA.\n\nProtein Synthesis cont.\n\n\nProtein Synthesis (cont.)\n\nReading the Genetic Code\n\nTo figure out the amino acids that make up protein, search for the start codon (AUG).\n\n  • There is only one start codon-protein synthesis must always start from AUG.\n    From AUG, group three letters at a time. Use a table to find what amino acid each codon codes for.\n  • Continue until you reach a stop codon (UAG, UGA ,and UAA).\n  • The start and stop codons do not code for any amino acids-they only signal for protein synthesis to begin or to stop.\nGenetic Code\nImage Credit: CK-12 Foundation, CC-BY-NC-SA 3.0\n\nYou can see in the table that the genetic code is redundant.\nThere are 64 possible codons, yet proteins contain only 20\namino acids.\n\n\nTranscription, the processing of making mRNA complementary to the DNA template, is broken down into 3 steps:\n\n  • Initiation: An enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to the end of a coding region called the promoter. The DNA unwinds its double helix structure.\n  • Elongation: After unwinding, RNA polymerase adds the complementary nucleotides to the new, budding mRNA strand.\n\n  • Termination: 8\n    The completed pre-mRNA strand detaches from the DNA strand.\nImage Credit: Forluvoft, Public Domain\n\n\nProtein Synthesis cont.\n\nProcessing mRNA\n\nBefore the pre-mRNA (also known as the hnRNA) strand can exit the nucleus, it must be modified. these modifications include splicing, which removes introns from the pre-mRNA with spliceosomes. The finished, mature mRNA then proceeds to translation.\n\nImage credit: Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats),\nPublic Domain\nProcessing mRNA\n\n\nAfter leaving the nucleus, the strand of mRNA moves to a ribosome.\nThere, translation involves two different RNA molecules: mRNA (from transcription) and tRNA.\nmRNA can be thought of as a guide or organizer, while the tRNA are the workers with the materials. tRNA carries anticodon complementary to the codon on mRNA. Whenever the anticodon on tRNA binds to the codon on mRNA, tRNA gives up its amino acid. The ribosome continues to build the protein until it reaches a stop codon.\n\nImage credit: Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats),\nPublic Domain\n\nCommon Misconceptions\n\n  • After transcription and before RNA processing, mRNA is called the pre-mRNA. This might be mislead you to think that RNA processing turns this pre-mRNA into mRNA. However, even before RNA processing, pre-mRNA is still a messenger RNA.\n  • RNA polymerase creates one RNA strand from only one of the two DNA strands at a time.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6159384250640869}
+{"content": "Share This Post\n\nNasscom Community\n\nThe Best Practices for Database Management\n\ndatabase management\n\nData is the lifeblood of your organization, and you need to ensure your database is managed well. For this, you need to have the correct skills for database management and the prudence of following the best practices for its maintenance and optimization. A good database will immensely impact the health of your company. You should have a qualified team of database administrations having the latest knowledge and skills to ensure its optimal functioning. Since DBAs are needed constantly to optimize the performance of the database and effectively manage any situation that might arise, they should be diligent in following the best practices when it comes to successful database management.\n\nThe role of the DBA for database automation\n\nToday businesses use cloud technology, artificial intelligence, and technologies that focus more on machine learning for automated operations. Along with the above, the role of the database administrator is constantly evolving. The DBA specialist is becoming strategic and plays an instrumental role in transforming database administrators into skilled data engineers and professionals. Organizations today need to adapt to this change and accept the fact that the modern database administrator is more of an architect of the database than its administrator. Irrespective of how the above new technologies work, they transform the way databases work. The core task of the DBA is important for the health of the SQL server, the Oracle and NoSQL database systems in the company. The way tasks are being performed is changing along with the novel technologies they are delivering.\n\nHow can the organization boost database efficiency?\n\nThanks to these new automated tasks, database administrators are set free from routine tasks that involve manual maintenance. They are switching their roles to focus on improved architecture to scale, upgrade, secure, and optimize costs along with the consumption of database resources. When the company is adapting to the above dynamics, the database administrator should stay focused on following the best practices that are needed for maintaining the total health of the database system.\n\nThe best practices for database management  \n\nWhen it comes to the management of any enterprise system database, the company needs to consider the following components for maximizing efficiency and keeping in pace with the best practices for database management:\n\n  1. The costs or the amount allocated as a budget for database management in the organization.\n  2. The use of the application when it comes to security, uptime, scalability, and other requirements.\n  3. Nature and the type of database and the expertise of the company when it comes to the management of SQL server, Oracle, MySQL, NoSQL and so on.\n  4. The number of staff the company has as well as the quality of resources available for database management, for instance, does the company use external staff or in-house database administrators for the job? Does the staff have adequate experience and skill for tackling the database or routine blocking? Can they handle change, and do they have the strategic insight for cloud technologies in the present era? Do they have the desired skillsets for artificial intelligence, technologies pertaining to machine learning as well as database automation?\n  5. The strategy and the approach of deployment embraced by the company, for example, on-premises, hybrid cloud, private cloud, or public cloud.\n\nSetting up strategic management goals for the company\n\nWhen a business owner is taking the above factors into consideration, the goals of the organization need to be considered as well. A budget needs to be allocated for database management that covers specific databases like Oracle, MySQL, NoSQL, SQL server and so on, the number of staff and their level of skills and expertise on the above. Businesses have to be aware of the specific strategies of deployment that is best matched with the database of the company.\n\nFor instance, the company should strategically designate how much it should be willing to invest in the team that looks after database management in sync with the company size and the volume of data. The database management administrator might specialize in either one or a few areas of database management and optimization. The IT department of every organization should be well-structured, and the business owners should never bank on the wrong DBA.\n\nWell defined business goals for the database management team\n\nEvery DBA should know what the plan of the organization is when it comes to the collection of the data and to concentrate on what is relevant for accomplishing the short and long- term business goals of the company. This approach helps the database of your company to stay organized so that it runs smoothly without hassles. You need to emphasize that the database of the business does not become too crammed with data that is no longer to the organization. If you are aware of your business goals, you can keep that data that is beneficial to the company, therefore, making database management a simple affair.\n\nSetting customized best practices for your database with experts\n\nIf company owners follow the above best practice for setting their business goals, they can ensure the smooth performance of their websites with ease. The team of database management administrators in the company can stay on the top of the tasks assigned to them for effectively managing their databases on an everyday basis.\n\nIf you are a small business owner or do not have a team of skilled and qualified database management administrators for your company, you should hire professionals from remote database companies to help you. The professionals have skills and knowledge of the latest technologies when it comes to database management and optimization. When you are searching for the right remote database company for your needs, ensure the experts are experienced and have proven track records in the field. With them, you can ensure your database is taken care of, giving you the peace of mind to focus on the core matters of your organization with success.\n\nWhat is Data Lake?\n\nData and analytics are the key drivers of business today. However, did you know that a large part of valuable data continues to remain untapped?\n\nSome of the key reasons behind this are multiple sources of data accumulation but a lack of adequate storage facilities to manage them. Data Lake simplifies the problem of storing structured data centrally.\n\nData Lake is a storage repository where you can store vast amounts of data in its ASIS format. Data Lake is different from a traditional data warehouse. While the information in a traditional database is arranged in hierarchical order, Data Lake is a central database repository that uses a flat architecture instead of a hierarchical structure to store data.\n\nThis protects data from unwanted manipulation, enabling businesses to take informed decisions accurately and building a better business to customer responsiveness.\n\nSource: What are The Best Practices for Database Management?\n\nThe post The Best Practices for Database Management appeared first on NASSCOM Community |The Official Community of Indian IT Industry.\n\nShare This Post", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5561327934265137}
+{"content": "I used to be a Realtor® and since moving to Florida, worked with many Realtors®. I have recently conducted 3 transactions with the Lee Luxury Team and can sincerely state that they are the most professional, thorough, effective and knowledgeable Realtors® in the business. I highly recommend them to all my friends.\n\nThe key, is Boca Luxury.\n\nBoca Luxury agents open doors for you, in every sense of the word. \u0003 Well-versed in the Palm Beach luxury lifestyle, their expertise is both demonstrated, and unmatched.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9192940592765808}
+{"content": "gksu Removed From Ubuntu, Here's The Recommended Replacement\n\nUbuntu 18.04 no gksu\n\nThe gksu package, which provides GTK+ front-ends for su (gksu) and sudo (gksudo), was removed from the Ubuntu 18.04 repositories (and Linux Mint 19 Tara), so it won't be available starting with this Ubuntu release.\n\n\nHow to edit system files using a GUI without gksu?\n\nEnter admin://. The recommended way of performing operations that require elevated permissions using a GUI is by using the gvfs admin backend, which is available in both Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (and Linux Mint 19 Tara) and 17.10, by using the admin:// prefix.\n\nAll you have to do is open Nautilus (or Nemo), press Ctrl + L so you can type in its address bar, and type admin:// followed by the path of the folder containing the file you want to edit, and enter your password. After doing this, you can use any GUI application to alter system files, like Nautilus to add / delete files or folders, Gedit (or Xed in Linux Mint 19) to edit text file, and so on.\n\nadmin instead of gksu ubuntu\n\nHere's an example. Let's say you want to edit the Grub file. Instead of using gksu gedit /etc/default/grub, you can open Nautilus / Nemo and type: admin:///etc/default. You'll be asked for your password and after you enter it, you can open the grub file with Gedit (or Xed in Linux Mint 19), then save it.\n\nNote that there are 3 forward slashes after admin: because 2 are required by default and the 3rd is from the path that follows, which begins with a slash: /etc/default. One more thing: in Nautilus, don't enter the direct path to a file but to a folder containing the file you want to edit.\n\nIn the same way you can run Gedit from a terminal to open a system file and edit it, for example:\n\ngedit admin:///etc/default/grub\n\nThis will prompt for your password and then open the file in Gedit, allowing you to edit it.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9815496802330017}
+{"content": "Estate Planning for the Elderly Essay\n\nWords: 5556\nPages: 23\n\nTitle: Estate Planning For the Elderly\nCourse: TAX 6405-Gift, Estate, and Trust Taxation\n\n\nYou may have heard a phrase like, “70 is the new 50.” There are large numbers of seniors living into their 80s and 90s. Estate taxation and planning has become a bigger concern, especially for baby boomers. There is a wide range of laws regarding the elderly and disabled. The law of the elderly and disabled has become more complex in recent years. Lawyers and financial planners who specialize in elder law assist with matters affecting the autonomy\n…show more content…\nIt is wise to appoint a successor agent since there is the possibility that the person or organization appointed may not be able to serve or will refuse to serve. Example: An elderly husband names his elderly wife as his agent. After signing the power of attorney document, they are both diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease. The wife becomes mentally incompetent and cannot serve as her husband's agent. The husband cannot sign a new power of attorney because he is also mentally incompetent. If a successor agent was named, he or she will take over. In order for a power of attorney document to be valid, the person must be mentally competent when the document is signed. A power of attorney must be signed by the \"Principal\" that is the person granting the authority. The Principal must be mentally competent at the time of the signing in order to make the document legally binding. If there is any question about the Principal's mental competence, a physician may be asked to certify in writing that the person understands the document and the consequences of signing such. The document should be notarized which will make it harder for someone to challenge its validity.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8203309178352356}
+{"content": "Opinion Poll: Japan Image among European Opinion Leaders (Summary)\n\nJune 25, 2007\n\nThe Ministry of Foreign Affairs commissioned an opinion poll on the perception of Japan in four European Union countries from February to March 2007, whose result was summarized as follows. In the poll, the samples were among the intellectuals in the fields of politics, academia, economy, medicine, justice and journalism in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Italy.\n\n1.  Overview of the Survey\n\n(1) Period conducted: From February to March, 2007\n\n(2) Survey method: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs commissioned the IPSOS, Inc., a private  surveying agency in Brussels, to conduct a telephone survey.\n\n(3) Target Samples: About 300 intellectuals in each of the UK, Germany, France, and Italy\n\n2.  Overview of the Results\n\n(1) Image of Japan\n\n(a) In each of the four countries the image of Japan was largely a country with a rich tradition and culture, a strong economic and technological power, and beautiful nature.  \n\n(b) As to the sources of information about Japan, television/radio (53%), publications such as newspapers, magazines, and books (51%) are the leading sources of information on Japan.  However, multimedia including the internet was the highest (69%) in France.  The internet as well as the traditional mass media proved to be one of the most popular sources in obtaining information among intellectuals.  Also, relatively many respondents answered ‘Movies’ (Germany: 31%, France: 28%).\n\n(c) As to fields where they wish to deepen their knowledge about Japan, the percentages of ‘Traditional Art and Culture’ (40%), ‘Science and Technology’ (36%), and ‘History’ (34%), were high.  One interesting observation is that while ‘Traditional Art and Culture’ (32%) in the UK, ‘Science and Technology’ (44%) in Germany, and ‘Economy’ (41%) in Italy, showed the highest scores, ‘Contemporary Japanese Culture (Pop Culture)’ (52%), following ‘Traditional Art and Culture’ (56%) came second in France.  \n\n(d) The percentage of the respondents who answered that Japan was a ‘dependable country’ or ‘rather dependable’ (UK: 72%, Germany:88%, France:89%, Italy:96%) was much higher than those who answered ‘undependable’ or ‘rather undependable’ (UK: 17%, Germany: 8%, France:8%, and Italy:2%).\n\n(2) Japan-EU Relations\n\n(a) With regard to the current status of the Japan-EU relations in general, the percentage of ‘good’ was highest (UK:61%, Germany:67%, France:49%, Italy:62%) in all the four countries.  The respondents who perceived the relations negatively (poor/bad) or ‘excellent’ were rather marginal in percentage.\n\n(b) In a question asking in what fields Japan and the EU should seek cooperation, the percentage of respondents in three countries who answered ‘Economy and Business’ (UK:33%, France:33%, Italy:32%) was the highest, and ‘Security Policy’ (30%) came first in Germany.\n\n(c) In terms of the question on which country was the most important partner outside the EU, it found that the United States was the highest (UK:62%, Germany:55%, France: 56%, Italy:59%), and China was the second highest (UK:18%, Germany:24%, France: 24%, Italy:19%).  Those who answered ‘Japan’ were UK: 6%, Germany:14%, France: 3%, and Italy: 3%.\n\n(d) With respect to a non-EU partner which will be the most important for the EU in a near future, China came the highest (39%) on the whole.  The percentage of those who answered ‘China’ was particularly high in France (51%) and in Italy (43%).  The ‘United States’ was the highest in the UK (35%) and Germany (40%).\n\n(3) Japan in the International Community\n\n(a) As to whether Japan should be a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), ‘Yes’ was much higher than ‘No’ in all of the countries (UK:64%, Germany:67%, France: 69%, Italy:77%).\n\n(b) As to the reasons why they answered ‘Yes’ to the question, the percentage of “because as an economic power, Japan’s membership of the UNSC will strengthen the effectiveness of its functions” was the highest in three countries (UK:44%, France: 48%, Italy:42%).  In the meantime, the percentage of “because Japan as its permanent member is expected to contribute significantly to international peace and security”’ was the highest (31%) in Germany.\n\n3.  Evaluation on the Results\n\n(1) The image of Japan largely appears favorable.  Japan’s credibility continues to be high (86% on average).  \n\n(2) Many respondents answered that they received information on Japan from the internet as well as such traditional media as television, radio, and printed publications.  This highlights the necessity to make use of the new media including the internet to outreach to intellectuals.\n\n(3) Compared to the previous surveys, the general impression of the Japan-EU relations was viewed more positively with expectation of further cooperation in the fields of economy, business and security. The survey also showed that European intellectuals saw the United States the most important ally outside the region, and China and India as increasingly more important countries for the region.  This underlines the necessity to raise the level of interest in and understanding of Japan within the EU.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.729446530342102}
+{"content": "Climbing Technology - Covid-19 containment measures\n\nFollowing the numerous requests for information received regarding the disinfection of equipment and personal protective equipment (PPE) from the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (hereinafter in the text called \"COVID-19\"), we communicate the following.\n\n\nTo clean Climbing Technology brand equipment or PPE , the warnings in the instructions for use of each product must be respected.\n\nIn particular, chemicals and / or solvents must not be used on the plastic components and textile parts of a product as they could damage the product itself and compromise its safety. The indication of disinfection using quaternary ammonium salts (diluted ammonia solution), present in the instructions for use, is not recommended as it has not been verified by scientific studies regarding anti-COVID-19 sanitization. Other sanitizing methods, for example steam at a temperature> 100 ° C (212 ° F) and the use of ozone, are not applicable on the products as they could cause irreparable damage to the structure of the components of the products themselves.\n\nThe only products tested and recommended for anti-COVID-19 sanitization are water and neutral soap.\nThe sanitation methods listed below allow to significantly reduce the risk of contamination, but cannot be 100% guaranteed as, to date, there are no reliable scientific studies on this matter.\n\n\nThe disinfection methods were defined using the article “Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions. Lancet Microbe 2020 ” , to date certainly one of the most authoritative texts on the fight against COVID-19.\n\n\nChoose one of the two methods below:\n\nPlace the equipment or PPE in a well ventilated place, away from heat sources, for at least 7 days at an aeration temperature not lower than 25 ° C (77 ° F).\n\nHand wash the equipment or PPE in hot water at a temperature between 40 ° C (105 ° F) and 50 ° C (122 ° F) with neutral soap (dosing 1 part of soap every 49 parts of water by weight), for a duration of at least 15 minutes. Rinse thoroughly with clean water. Then leave the product to dry in a well-ventilated place away from heat sources as indicated in the instructions for use. This washing procedure can be repeated several times as it does not alter the characteristics of the product. Warning! After washing a PPE, before its next use, proceed with a thorough check of the product as indicated in the instructions for use.\n\nIMPORTANT! Due to the lack of consolidated and reliable scientific studies, what is reported in this document and in the instructions for use of Climbing Technology products does not guarantee definitive and certain results in the sanitization / disinfection of products from COVID-19.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9691132307052612}
+{"content": "Typically, the average number of years doctorate degree online programs usually take to complete is eight years–or twice as long to earn a bachelor’s degree. However, the length of time required for full Ph.D. program completion varies according to your university, discipline, and program. There are also academic institutions that accommodate students who are employed during the course of their enrollment. This can impact their schedule and result in extended periods in the Ph.D. program.\n\nDid you know that a Ph.D. in the hard sciences usually takes a shorter time to complete than a doctorate degree in education, history, and humanities that could take about 13 long years? Core requirements include full time coursework, qualifying or comprehensive exams, a research course starting with a doctoral dissertation proposal, and finally a successful defense of the dissertation.\n\nSimilar to campus-based teaching, reputable online doctorate programs that are regionally accredited require students to take core and elective courses. You will still do research, as well as write, present, and defend your dissertation, Your online school may also require internships and immersion programs.\n\nWhile the numerous facets of online doctorate programs are similar to the conventional on-campus ones, certain accredited online schools offer doctorate degrees that can only take as little as four years, or five years at most, to complete. This estimated period of completion is dependent upon many factors, including your field of study, your focus of research, and the committee or faculty overseeing the research. As it is with on-campus programs, your personal schedule and availability should also be taken into account.\n\nThere are online Ph.D. courses that are 100% online, which means students are not required to be on-campus. Meanwhile, some online programs adopt a hybrid model consisting of different levels of residency. You can expect your online doctorate program to promote holistic academic growth, just as those in a brick-and-mortar academe do.\n\nIf you’ve earned your master’s degree upon application to an online Ph.D. program, you may have an edge in terms of academic credits. A master’s degree also helps if you are changing fields or if your undergraduate credentials don’t meet the standards of the doctorate program.\n\nIn conclusion, the length of time that you will spend completing your online doctorate degree is highly dependent upon a list of factors. Consider your focus of study and program structure, requirements, and credit-transfer policies. Your personal circumstances also play a key role in your academic progress.\n\nIf you are applying to an online doctoral program, make sure you get specific, useful information first. Work with your academic adviser and speak with current and past students. An accredited online program may mean less time spent being in university; however, this is by no means a shortcut.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8038500547409058}
+{"content": "You are here\n\n\ncoloured block\n\nLatest content\n\nShould all robots have an ethical black box?\nWednesday 23rd Jun 2021, 12.30pm\n\n\"The year was 2041...\"\n\nIs a snack tax on the horizon?\nTuesday 8th Jun 2021, 03.45pm\n\nDo you remember when the price of fizzy drinks in the UK went up slightly a few years ago? Soda fans, perhaps you remember all too clearly...! Well, this was because the UK government introduced a sugar tax (or the Soft Drinks Industrial Levy, to be precise), requiring manufacturers to pay a tax...\n\nWhat's an arboretum anyway?\nWednesday 26th May 2021, 12.30pm\n\nAn arboretum could be described as a \"living library\". A beautifully curated collection of woody plants (trees and shrubs) from across the globe, each one carefully labelled and managed.\n\nDid the pandemic make us moodier?\nWednesday 12th May 2021, 12.30pm\n\nLockdowns, social distancing, restrictions on 'normal' activities - we've all been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. But how has it impacted on our mood and mental wellbeing? We chat to Dr Max Taquet from the Department of Psychiatry about 'mood homeostasis' (the interplay between people's...\n\nWill climate change kill off the great tits?\nWednesday 28th Apr 2021, 12.30pm\n\nTheir distinctive 'teacher teacher' call is synonymous with British gardens, but great tits are facing a big problem - climate change. As our springtime becomes warmer and begins earlier, peak caterpillar abundance is also shifting earlier. As a crucial food source for great tit chicks, this is...\n\nCan we build an eco-friendly aeroplane?\nWednesday 14th Apr 2021, 12.30pm\n\nRemember those days when it was possible to climb aboard a plane and jet off around the world? Well, while we might be yearning for foreign shores, there's no denying that air travel comes with a big ol' carbon footprint. But is it possible to make aeroplanes 'greener'?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9599549174308777}
+{"content": "Rio de Janeiro – Brazil officials have warned foreign visitors, especially pregnant women coming to South and Central America, to beware of the Zika virus. As many as 1.5 million Brazilians may be infected, and letting aside the other southern and central nations like Colombia, El Salvador, Venezuela and many others that are also on a spread.\n\nThe illness could be linked to babies born with small and undeveloped brains. This happens two weeks before the nationwide Carnival celebrations and 200 days before the opening ceremonies of the 2016 Olympics, the first time a South American country will host it.\n\nCarnival in Rio de Janiero is the most revered and famous without question. The lavish Masquerade Balls, massive Street Parties and prestigious Samba school competition make it an epic televised event around the world. Credits:\n\nThere have been more than 3,500 cases of microcephaly in Brazil, the term used for babies born with smaller brains. Those babies have been delivered from a mother infected with Zika. The link need further study to confirm but officials, even United States ones, have encouraged pregnant women to take precautions.\n\nThose precautions are avoiding places where the virus has spread, if they do not have any choice, use mosquito protection and long sleeve cloth.\n\nSome health analysts believe that Brazil’s government reaction has been slow and inadequate. “The initial response…was to overlook its importance,” said Dr. Artur Timerman, a leading specialist who is president of the Society of Dengue and Arbovirus, a nongovernmental organization. “It was said that Zika was a poor cousin of dengue, without much relevance.”\n\nDr. Timerman attributes the quickly spread of the virus due to the economics recession in Brazil. He added that such recession has “weakened” the nation’s infrastructure of laboratories and other primary-care services.\n\nWhat have caused this spread in Brazil?\n\nOn the other hand, Brazil’s government assured that they have mounted an “unprecedented offensive” against the mosquito, which transmits the virus. One of them includes working closely with schools to inform the preventative measures; and deploying army troops to search and remove stagnant water supplies, one of mosquito’s habitats.\n\nBut even with those efforts, the Brazilian government confirmed that the economic recession hinders the fight against the virus and limits the research that could be made for a vaccine. Marcelo Castro, Brazil’s health minister added that even though the economic crisis had no influence in the beginning of the problem, it has been a step back in their efforts to stop it.\n\nDr. Timerman has predicted 100,000 cases of microcephaly. He said that Brazil’s government needs to work closely with the CDC, the World Health Organization and other agencies that could develop a vaccine.\n\nThe Carnival’s celebrations attracted over 1.5 million tourists last year to the southern nation. This year there are at least as many reservations as last year and in the case of some hotels, even more, said Alexandre Albuquerque, a spokesman for the state tourism secretary.\n\nSource: The Wall Street Journal", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8301498889923096}
+{"content": "Medical software development. How apps turn from life-saving to time-tying\n\nHead of Android Development, ScienceSoft\n\n\nTo reach Stage 7 of EMR Adoption Model (EMRAM) and Ambulatory EMRAM, health organizations are considered to create clinical environments without paper charts. According to HIMSS Analytics, only 4.1% (for EMRAM) and 7.79% (for Ambulatory EMRAM) of US care systems have achieved this by the end of 2015.\n\nHealthcare IT News reports “80% of the 571 physicians surveyed felt EHRs impede patient care and almost half say patient safety is at risk.” “The costly, clunky systems the government demands are worsening the problems and even driving some software experts back to paper,” says AAPS (Association of American Physicians and Surgeons) Executive Director Jane M. Orient, MD.\n\nOrganization and continuous improvement of medical records management to achieve better care are troublesome without physicians and nurses going mobile. With a proper approach to healthcare mobile app development, caregivers invest into optimization of routine processes as well as improvement of data flow and overall performance. However, the inherent problem with the majority of clinical mobile apps is that they are built around EMR/EHR systems, not health specialists’ needs.\n\nWeb-to-mobile bumpy road\n\nApproach problems\n\nMobile apps can be useless for handling routine tasks of clinical staff when IT experts apply the system-centric approach to medical software development. This attitude means creating a mobile app that fully inherits the functionality of the desktop and web application.\n\nAt first, it might seem like a good idea, but ‘mobilizing’ a desktop EHR application is likely to compromise user experience because of inconvenient navigation and thus low productivity. Instead of helping physicians and nurses complete their assignments faster and more efficiently, the ‘replicate’ will do the opposite.\n\nFunctionality gaps\n\nA one-size-fits-all solution is a tempting yet surreal idea. From department to department, doctors will use at best 30% of the app’s features. Physicians will have to waste their time wandering through the app to find the needed functionality.\n\nApart from meeting the requirements at the departmental level, you will probably want to accommodate the needs of nurses, surgeons and physicians within each department, too. All this makes developers create an impractical monolith. But there is another way.\n\nSo, how does a helpful mobile medical software look like?\n\nEffective mobile medical software development\n\nAccording to Gartner, developers should rethink the way they create applications by turning on the mobile mindset: “Mobile strategists must use tools and techniques that match the increase in mobile app needs within their organizations”.\n\nGartner believes developers need to replace the traditional large-screen approach with a bimodal strategic path that supports innovation and agility to deliver apps more efficiently and quickly. This way, back-end software engineers will create stable infrastructures and APIs to retrieve and deliver data to back-end systems without affecting web applications. At the same time, front-end developers will use high-productivity, agile approaches to deliver user interface rapidly.\n\nIt is, indeed, easier to stay with the system-centric approach, creating mobile copies of desktop solutions. But it is also an investment into improper software that will slow down the healing process instead of boosting doctors’ performance, as users will end up tapping small screens and trying to find the right menu item.\n\nNow, here is what the user-centric approach has to offer:\n\n  1. Creating mobile applications quickly. It is technically possible and does not compromise data integrity or the systematic approach. And it may bring what technology often fails to deliver – a growing efficiency and CONVENIENCE.\n  2. Developing small apps. Each app should contain features tuned to cover a specific role within a particular department (however, we do not suggest creating a thousand single-feature micro apps, as one may think).\n  3. Optimizing navigation and UI. Excellent usability comes first, so let’s stick to intuitive design. As health specialists need mobile medical software to perform better, they will appreciate a clean interface and smooth navigation.\n\nOn the way to a life-saving software\n\nOverall, we don’t want to create a false impression that the system-centric application approach to mobile development is catastrophic. Many industries keep calm and continue using mobile copies of web software, but if we want to make a change in healthcare, achieve Meaningful Use and improve outcomes, we need to build small and effective apps tailored to specific clinical tasks.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9729614853858948}
+{"content": "YouTube explores Influencer Marketing with #SeeSomethingNew\n\nInfluencer Marketing\n\nOne of the most sought after platforms for content creators, YouTube launched an integrated Influencer Marketing campaign to consolidate their position as the preferred platform for content creation and consumption.\n\nInfluencer Marketing still dominates a good chunk of conversations in the marketing circles owing to the impact the concept can have on a prospective audience. For the uninitiated, Influencer Marketing draws inspiration from the diffusion of innovations theory that seeks to explain how, why, and at what rate new ideas and technology spread.\n\nWhile the applications for Influencer Marketing have been used, overused and abused over a period of time. The success stories have proved its merit time and again.\n\nGoing back to the basics of finding and nurturing the innovators and early adopters of the platform, YouTube India has devised a new campaign, #SeeSomethingNew featuring some of the finest content creators on YouTube across genres like food, technology, music, and entertainment.\n\nThe primary objective of the campaign is quite evident that the brand (YouTube) wants to ride on the popularity of these YouTube celebrities and channelize that further to increase content consumption on the platform. With the success stories from leading YouTubers and the revered acknowledgment, the brand wants to inspire the budding content creators to come forward and try something new.\n\nHumility in any form gets due returns in some way or the other, the consistent efforts put in by YouTube to encourage and nurture the new age content creators with a sense of entitlement and monetary returns has been paying them off well.\n\nIn this connected world where the tenets of co-creation and sharing are bound to help your build and exchange audiences, #SeeSomethingNew is a great step towards penetrating YouTube to newer and remote markets.\n\nHave something to add? Share your thoughts with us in comments below or write to us at [email protected]", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9607267379760742}
+{"content": "Posted By Admin Posted On\n\nFive ways to build more muscle and increase performance\n\nMuscle building is incredibly important for both men and women for many reasons. Not only does muscle give you a better-looking physique, but it provides more energy, improves balance and posture, boosts your metabolism, and lowers your risk for osteoporosis. Strengthening your muscles protects your bones and makes you less susceptible to fractures as you age.\n\nWomen often have the misconception that lifting weights will make them “bulky” or “manly,” but this is not the case. Strength training tones the body for a strong, healthy, and aesthetically pleasing physique.\n\nHowever, while building muscle is incredibly important, it isn’t quite as easy as it might seem. Muscle building requires specific components that foster growth.\n\nHere are five ways to build more muscle and increase performance:\n\nIncrease protein intake to build muscle\n\nYou can spend all the time you want in the gym, but if you don’t provide your body with the nutrients required, your muscles will not grow. Protein is key to muscle building. The amino acids found in protein are the building blocks for muscle growth.\n\nTry to consume 1-1.5 grams of protein per pound of bodyweight. Ideally, you would like to consume protein at every meal, especially right after your workout.\n\nPost-workout is when your anabolic window is highest, allowing your muscles to repair more quickly. Protein powders are a great way to reach your daily protein goals. Just read the labels and avoid any artificial sweeteners or fillers.\n\nProgressive overload\n\nProgressive overload refers to the gradual increase in weight, frequency, or reps you perform during your fitness routine. By systematically placing added stress on the musculoskeletal system, you force the muscles to grow.\n\nLifting light weights will not promote muscle growth regardless of how many reps you do. It’s essential to challenge your body by progressively increasing the weight as you become stronger.\n\nProgressive overload continues to challenge the body, so you avoid reaching a plateau. Gradually increasing the weight enhances your performance, strength, and overall muscle size.\n\nRest and repair\n\nIt’s incredibly important to allow your muscles time to recover. Lifting causes the muscles to break down, and growth happens when you rest.\n\nAvoid working out the same muscle group back to back days. A good rule of thumb is to have an upper/lower body split routine. Having a split workout routine allows for optimal growth and repair.\n\nHow does stretching improve performance?\n\nYou may think stretching is irrelevant when it comes to muscle growth, but it actually plays a significant role. Our muscles are enclosed in a bag of tough connective tissue known as fascia. Fascia holds the muscles in their proper place in your body.\n\nHowever, because fascia is so tough, it restricts muscle growth. The muscles can not grow unless the fascia expands. This connective tissue constricts the muscle from within, making it impossible for it to grow.\n\nWhen the muscles are full of blood after a workout, stretching allows the fascia to expand, thus creating more muscle-building space. As a result, your muscles are no longer restricted and are free to grow.\n\nCalorie surplus and muscle growth\n\nOne thing I’ve learned over many years of weight training is that muscles need fuel to grow. You cannot expect to build muscle while in a calorie deficit. In addition to eating an adequate amount of protein, be sure you’re getting enough overall calories.\n\nKeep in mind; carbohydrates are just as important as protein for muscle growth. Carbohydrates contribute to the increased size and speed of muscle growth by supplying your body with critical nutrients required for energy and optimal performance.\n\nFinal thoughts\n\nDo not underestimate the importance of building and sustaining muscle for physical health and longevity. Strength training is incredibly valuable for your overall strength, appearance, and well-being. Use these tips to build more muscle and increase performance for an amazing body you can be proud of.\n\nSource: sportsandfitnessdigest", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5754226446151733}
+{"content": "Staby Fliser\n\n\nProject type: WordPress & PHP\n\n\nBecame a client in: 2021\n\n“Really good service and execution of the task. You are in safe hands from start to finish. Our contact Ryan was good at understanding the task and always came up with quick answers. Love recommendation for 1902 software.” \n\nMartin Lauridsen\n\nStaby Fliser\n\nView more projects", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6777485609054565}
+{"content": "November 8, 2018 at 6:30pm, Denning Family Resource Center, FREE.\n\nIn 1893, the Bohemian composer Antonin Dvořák visited America and forever changed the way American music was created, and at the same time helped break down racial and gender barriers in the arts. Dvořák is remembered today for his beautiful themes and as a master of late 19th-century “classical” music of Europe. However, he engaged in a profound dialogue with that popular musical traditions that would be the seeds of jazz, “America’s classical music.” The reverberations of that musical dialogue and its influence are still ringing around the world. Join Loren Schoenberg, Senior Scholar at The National Jazz Museum in Harlem, as we discover how Johannes Brahms, Frederick Douglass’s nephew, and Duke Ellington, were wound up in the same web of influence that effects the music we hear today.\n\nPresented in collaboration with Stanford Live.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9987050294876099}
+{"content": "Bowing Down to What is True\n\n[Submitting to Reality]\n\nA 4 Day Retreat with Fanny\n\n\nNo Scheduled Dates \n\nHow do we open to the truth of what is happening\nInside of our own body, hearts and minds - and in the world;\nWhen it is not what we want,\nOr not what we believe should be happening?\nHow do we end the perpetual Argument with God,\nAnd surrender our need to know what is right,\nAnd bow down to reality?\nThis is (relatively) easy when life is good,\nand the future looks rosy\nand our loved ones are happy and well.\nBut how can we support ourselves to open\nTo what is greater than our minds can fathom,\nTo lay down our heads, and open our hearts\nAnd find our way home,\nWhen life is difficult, scary and painful?\n\nI have no easy answers here, but this retreat is an opportunity to hold the questions with love, openness and curiosity; to enquire into the mystery, and find what doors are ready to open as we gradually awaken to our true nature and meet the world as it is, both inside and out, at this extraordinary moment in history.\n\nOnline Retreat\n\n\n7 - 9 pm on the evening of day 1\n10 - 12.30  and  3 - 5.30     on day 2, 3 and 4\n10 - 12.30  on the morning of the final day\n\n\nFixed Payment: £50\nSuggested Donation: £120  (or something between £80 and £160)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9011616706848145}
+{"content": "Unit Converter\n\nConversion formula\n\n\n1 yr = 31536000 s\n\nTo convert 273 years into seconds we have to multiply 273 by the conversion factor in order to get the time amount from years to seconds. We can also form a simple proportion to calculate the result:\n\n1 yr → 31536000 s\n\n273 yr → T(s)\n\nSolve the above proportion to obtain the time T in seconds:\n\nT(s) = 273 yr × 31536000 s\n\nT(s) = 8609328000 s\n\nThe final result is:\n\n273 yr → 8609328000 s\n\nWe conclude that 273 years is equivalent to 8609328000 seconds:\n\n273 years = 8609328000 seconds\n\nAlternative conversion\n\nWe can also convert by utilizing the inverse value of the conversion factor. In this case 1 second is equal to 1.1615308418961E-10 × 273 years.\n\nAnother way is saying that 273 years is equal to 1 ÷ 1.1615308418961E-10 seconds.\n\nApproximate result\n\nFor practical purposes we can round our final result to an approximate numerical value. We can say that two hundred seventy-three years is approximately eight billion six hundred nine million three hundred twenty-eight thousand seconds:\n\n273 yr ≅ 8609328000 s\n\nAn alternative is also that one second is approximately zero times two hundred seventy-three years.\n\nConversion table\n\nyears to seconds chart\n\n\nyears (yr) seconds (s)\n274 years 8640864000 seconds\n275 years 8672400000 seconds\n276 years 8703936000 seconds\n277 years 8735472000 seconds\n278 years 8767008000 seconds\n279 years 8798544000 seconds\n280 years 8830080000 seconds\n281 years 8861616000 seconds\n282 years 8893152000 seconds\n283 years 8924688000 seconds", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7497726678848267}
+{"content": "Works by Robyn Campbell and Jo Victoria \n\nIntegrating glass and porcelain is a passionate focus of my art practice, so writing about two artists who are exploring these exquisite materials, each requiring challenging processes of making, is an exciting task. However, discussing art objects that I have not experienced in ‘real’ life and time is unfamiliar, although 2020 is a year for unparalleled experiences. The art world must move forward by expanding its virtual engagement so artists, writers, galleries and their audiences remain connected, enabling forms of physical distancing to reboot our lives. Fortunately, I have walked around, touched and engaged with Jo Victoria and Robyn Campbell’s earlier work during exhibitions and studio visits. Memories of haptic body and object interactions - gliding fingers across clay surfaces and soaking up the three dimensionalities of an object whilst sharing the same space - seem more crucial now than ever before.\n\nThe exhibition titled Transference - the action of transferring something - encapsulates Victoria and Campbell’s shared enthusiasm for light in action. Both artists engage with porcelain and glass forms to activate reflections, shadows, glints, shimmers, flickers and transience. Within bodies of porcelain, light animates a soft white translucency, and in bodies of kiln cast and slumped glass, light radiates a crystal-like transparency.\n\nAs demonstrated by the artists’ earlier work, form is realised in very distinct ways. Victoria deconstructs the solidity of form by allowing light to pierce through fragmented or perforated slip cast segments and organic burn-outs [1] . Campbell reinforces shape and form by attaining a continuity of surface across planes of porcelain, glass and enclosed structures. For Campbell, this approach encourages reflected light to transit smoothly and quietly across open vessels and enclosed objects that are nestled within.\nSharing an enthusiasm for the natural environment, Victoria’s porcelain forms echo the fragility of disintegrating organic matter or fractured shells found at the edge of oceans. Reflective high gloss glazes and aquamarine kiln slumped glass capture the transitory and fleeting ocean light that is so fundamental to her practice.\n\nCampbell’s glass and porcelain pieces reconfigure patterns and shapes experienced during nature walks, as essential and simple material manifestations. The interplay between open and enclosed organic forms, intensified by fleeting light and shadow, transmits a visual narrative that speaks to protection, shelter, containment, calmness and tranquillity. Pool and Echo in particular visualises the interrelated natural world in a refined and sensuous manner.\n\nTransference is an exhibition that foregrounds the capacity of light to activate inanimate clay and glass forms and suggests the beauty and transience of the natural world. This show presents a collection of stunning pieces and given the opportunity, audiences would marvel at their beauty, strength, vulnerability and obvious dedication to craftmanship. On the other hand, Transference may also allude to the act of sharing material knowledge, skills and different responses to the world of nature. Trained as a glass artist, Robyn Campbell suggests the quiet beauty of landscapes with the interplay of light and relational porcelain and glass forms. Trained as a ceramics artist, Jo Victoria captures and reflects light through the fragility of porcelain and glass forms to advocate for the transcendence of seascapes. Transference is the end result of a collaborative narrative between the artists that encapsulates a passion for porcelain, glass, light and the natural world that they occupy.\n\nDr Julie Bartholomew\nCeramic artist and educator\n\n[1] The ceramic process of burning out organic material coated with porcelain casting slip.\n\nImage: Jo Victoria, 2020. Photo: courtesy of the artist.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9666560888290405}
+{"content": "Influenced by linear structures found in industry and nature, designer Lisa Cimino’s speaks to her instinctual aesthetic. Cimino handcrafts each sterling silver piece utilizing varied techniques like lathe turning and surface tinting along with craving, fabricating and resin tinting by hand. Chee-Me-No jewelry highlights the subtle, yet striking forms found in modern and natural landscapes.\n\n\n23 products", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9933663606643677}
+{"content": "The Band\n\nKara McKee\n\nLead Vocals\n\nKara is originally from Pittsburgh, PA where she received her BA in Dance from Point Park University and trained as a classical vocalist with instructors from Carnegie Mellon University and the Pittsburgh Opera. Kara has performed on the national tours of Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (Alice) and Rugrats (featured tap dancer, original cast) which took her to 49 US states. Kara’s regional theatre credits include; Cinderella, Peter Pan, Annie Warbucks and the Pittsburgh premier of Schoolhouse Rock Live! Stock credits include Funny Girl, Ruthless, Will Roger’s Follies, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat and Crazy for You.\n\nKara has been seen in Hollywood Fashion Machine (as Norma Shearer) for A&E and been featured in the film Jimmy Bones (with Costas Mandylor). She has been seen on TV as a hip hop dancer for the UK artist “Billie” during the Women’s World Cup, as A Chorus Line dancer for Japanese TV and even had the opportunity to tap dance on The Today Show. While in NYC, Kara also performed at the world famous Radio City Music Hall.\n\nKara’s versatile vocals took her around the world to 50 countries while singing for Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines, Celebrity Cruise Lines, Radisson Seven Seas Cruises, and Crystal Cruises. She has been a singer in a capella groups at Disney’s California Adventure and Universal Studios. She was selected to sing the theme song for the unveiling of the new Porsche model cars and was named Best Vocalist by Callback Entertainment for her performance in The Golden Rainbow AIDS Benefit in Las Vegas.\n\nKara has owned and managed one of the top performing arts schools in Las Vegas. During the time that she ran the school, she won numerous national titles and awards for her choreography and instruction. She has also choreographed the musicals Guys and Dolls, A Christmas Carol and Little Shop of Horrors, for which she was nominated for a Gene Kelly Award. Kara is currently the President of, an ecommerce dancewear company and has designed and owns patents on products for dancers.\n\nGlenn Mungcal\n\nBass / Vocals\nGlenn is originally from Virginia Beach, Virginia where received his Bachelors and Masters in Education from Old Dominion University. He is currently working on his doctorate in Higher Education Administration. Glenn began his music training as a young child with the piano and organ lessons. At age 13 he picked up his first guitar and years later also took up the bass. He has played with many Las Vegas bands including Wildcard, Red Lyon and is currently playing with Dazed and Confused. Glenn uses a Fender California Series Precision Deluxe Bass and an Ampeg SVT series amplifier. \n\nDeron DeStephanis\n\nDrums/ Vocals\nDeron began his musical journey as a young kid in the Midwest by singing in the church choir with his parents. A short while later he began to learn the piano, guitar, and then the drums. He played in the marching band and orchestra in school before joining several “Rock” bands in the 80’s. As an adult he packed up and moved to the West Coast seeking fame and fortune and to follow his dream. He cut his musical teeth in the bright lights of the Hollywood/Los Angeles “Rock” scene. Once he settled in he began to study musical theory and learned many different, complex rhythms. He provided session work and performed at iconic clubs and at major venues throughout the West Coast. After creating a buzz for his songwriting, his Hard Rock quintet was signed to a major record label. Unfortunately after recording his first album the music industry changed and he had to follow a different musical direction.\n\nHe continued to perform with several acts in Southern California until he decided to relocate to the “Entertainment Capital of the World” to continue his pursuit of music. He quickly began performing all over the “Strip” at major casinos, showrooms, and special events with many talented Entertainers and Headliners. Due to his reputation as a “Go To” Drummer he continues to sub and perform with various local and traveling artists as well as being a Drum Tech for a Major Headliner. He considers it an honor to be able to create and perform music and never takes any show or guest for granted. Always quick to flash his smile, Music is not just a passion but a way of life.\n\nRobbie Boyette\nGuitar/ Vocals\nRobbie was born in Florida and began taking lap steel guitar lessons at 8 years old. He played schools and churches as a child and at age 15 picked up “standard” 6-string guitar. He graduated from college with a music degree, which helped him develop his guitar skills even further.\n\nWhile in Florida, he was the guitarist for the band “Aircrew” with Ted Nugent’s former bassist Rob Ruzga, and was signed with King Music.\n\nHe then formed the band “Lix” and traveled to Peru with CBS records of South America. “Lix” also toured the Florida area.\n\nRobbie has been a part of many bands throughout the years including “D-Tour”, “Silent Partner”, “The Essence”, “Sweet Mercy” and “Kid Colt” just to name a few.Since arriving in Las Vegas, he was the guitarist for the Joan Jett tribute band “BlackHeart” and is currently loans his talents as the substitute guitarist for the Vegas show “The Tenors Of Rock”.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5481299161911011}
+{"content": "\nTargeting of Viral Nanoparticles to CD44 via Hyaluronic Acid\nHustedová, Anna ; Španielová, Hana (advisor) ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (referee)\nHyaluronic acid (HA) is widely studied as a targeting moiety to CD44 overexpressing cancer cells. Various types of nanoparticles (NPs) were modified by HA. Virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from mouse polyomavirus are an interesting class of NPs that can be modified by various targeting agents to increase their potential as gene or drug delivery vehicles for e.g. theragnostic purposes. HA has not been tested as a targeting moiety on VLPs, hence this was the focus of the current study. HA (~14 kDa) was attached to the VLPs via a bispecific Bodipy-derived fluorescent probe. To test the targeting potential of HA on comparable non-viral NPs, nanodiamonds were prepared in a similar manner. NPs functionalized with HA, together with Bodipy-labeled control variants, were tested on interactions with MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing CD44. The NP-cell interaction via CD44 was assessed by a competitive cell-binding assay, where non-labeled HA competed for HA-binding sites at CD44 with the NPs. CD44 specific cell interactions were detected in studies with HA functionalized nanodiamonds, whereas VLP-HA* associated with cells in a less specific manner. Control VLPs with polyethylene glycol (PEG) did not interact with the cells. Results indicate that the HA targeting strategy for the VLPs requires optimization to...\nDiagnostics of Tick-borne Encephalitis: Present State and Future\nHustedová, Anna ; Španielová, Hana (advisor) ; Saláková, Martina (referee)\nTick-borne encephalitis is one of the most severe tick-borne neuroinfections in Europe and Asia. This thesis is focused on its source, Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). Diagnostics of TBEV is usually based on detection of specific anti-TBEV antibodies in patient's serum by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. However antibodies that develop during the infection often cross-react with other flavivirus specific antibodies. As an antigen for ELISA tests the formalin inactivated virus is usually used, its production is restricted to laboratories with biosafety level 3. This thesis is seeking for possibilities of production of specific antigen for serological diagnostic of TBEV using heterologous expression systems. As the new antigens, parts of glycoprotein E and subviral particles were used. Production of antigen in the formo of subviral particles seems to be a good alternative to inactivated virus.\n\nInterested in being notified about new results for this query?\nSubscribe to the RSS feed.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.983971893787384}
+{"content": "Deferring democracy: The Iraq War and the future of Australia’s war powers. An interview with Judith Betts\n\nApr 6, 2021\n\nNext month marks eighteen years since the US-led offensive descended on the Iraqi capital of Baghdad, with Australia’s involvement continuing to serve as a reminder of how centralised our war powers are. Then Prime Minister John Howard and a select group of ministers made that fateful decision without a parliamentary vote. The war power as exercised by the prime minister in the National Security Committee of Cabinet imposes no accountability on governments or on individual MPs or Senators.\n\nIn her recent book entitled ‘The Iraq War and Democratic Governance: Britain and Australia go to War’, co-author Judith Betts analyses and contrasts the lead up to the conflict and subsequent methods of inquiries in the two coalition nations. From her experience as an academic specialising in political communication at the University of Technology Sydney, Betts examines the role of the media, political parties and the reliance on respective relationships with the United States.\n\nThe findings from the in-depth research on how Australian troops were sent to fight in Iraq demonstrates significant relevance in the ongoing push for war powers reform, amid the war crimes allegations in Afghanistan, the recent heightening of tensions in the Middle East and an uncertain geopolitical future in the Asia-Pacific region.\n\nI had the opportunity to ask Judith about her research, its application in the current political environment and the Australian Parliament’s prolonged unwillingness to decentralise war powers.\n\nTM: What were the main motivations behind this book and your preceding PhD thesis on Australia’s role in the Iraq War?  \n\nJB: When I was considering doing a PhD I was advised to consider a topic about which I was passionate: one that would keep me interested for the long grind.  The Iraq war fitted the bill and my thesis examined the role of Australia’s media in holding the Government to account over our involvement.\n\nI think my motivation was to understand how John Howard got away relatively unscathed with taking Australia to its first war of aggression, especially given the failure to find WMD.\n\nThe book draws on my thesis but has a broader focus.  It is co-written with Mark Phythian, a British academic, and looks at governance issues in Australia and the UK in relation to both countries’ involvement in the war.  The book contrasts the ways in which Blair and Howard managed the US Alliance and their ‘special’ relationships with Bush; the degree to which each ‘sold’ the war; their distinctive leadership styles; and their relationships with their parties, Cabinets, Parliaments and media.  Finally, the book examines the post-war inquiries, the degree to which they held Blair and Howard to account, and the political price each leader paid.\n\nTM: What have been your main discoveries since publishing the book last year?  \n\nJB: Researching the book opened my eyes to differences in the ways the Australian and UK media covered the war.  Blair in the UK faced a much more exacting media than Howard in Australia, where there was only one major newspaper, the Sydney Morning Herald, that opposed the war. Both Howard and Blair were masters in managing the media, but in the end Blair paid the greater political price.\n\nIn the UK, there were five inquiries into their involvement in the war. The media and the public did not give up until they had the answers they wanted and were finally delivered in the Chilcot Inquiry report in 2016.\n\nIn Australia, there were two inquiries and the first, the Jull Committee (the Joint Parliamentary Committee on ASIO, ASIS and DSD) reached conclusions similar to those reached by the Chilcot Inquiry in the UK, 13 years later: namely that the government’s argument for war overstated or exaggerated the threat identified in intelligence reports.\n\nHad it not been for Howard’s masterful management of the media (select sections of the report were leaked to the media two weeks prior to the release of the official report), the findings of the Jull Committee might have been deeply damaging.  For two weeks, media coverage was dominated by a narrative that the report had somehow exonerated the government.  When the report was released, it did no such thing, but few in the media had the time or inclination to take a fresh look at the document.\n\nBut it was not just a lack of curiosity on the part of the media that got Howard off the hook. Senior members of the Labor Party decided that they were never going to win in a battle with Howard over national security, in large part because Howard would turn any debate into a battle over the US Alliance, and Labor would emerge looking anti-American. So there was little political will to hold Howard to account.\n\nTM: In your research, what accounted for the key differences between the evolution in war powers reform in the UK and Australia?   \n\nJB: Blair found himself in different political circumstances to Howard. In the UK, the Labour Party was split on involvement in the Iraq conflict and Blair needed the legitimacy that a debate and decision in Parliament could afford. He had resignations from his cabinet on the issue. As a result, use of the Royal Prerogative to deploy armed forces overseas came to be replaced by the convention that the House of Commons be given the opportunity to debate any decision to go to war, the exception being in case of an emergency. The UK Parliament, for example, rejected Prime Minister David Cameron’s bid to send troops to Syria.\n\nAustralia’s Constitution vests the Queen’s Executive power to declare war in the Governor-General on the advice of the Federal Executive Council.  This means, effectively, that the decision resides with the Prime Minister and Cabinet.  Successive prime ministers on both sides of politics have resisted any change to that arrangement.\n\nThe Greens, and before them the Australian Democrats, sought on at least six occasions since 1985 to introduce a new s.29A of the Defence Act to require parliamentary approval for Australian troops to be sent overseas.  All attempts to require Parliamentary approval have failed because of a lack of support from the major political parties.\n\nTM: In describing Prime Minister Howard’s political damage from the post-invasion inquiries, you argue this was minimised due to a “skilful agenda management and defensive spin”, supported partially by a “Murdoch-dominated media landscape”. If a similar situation unfolded today, is there a risk of history repeating itself?  \n\nJB: I would hope that a current or future prime minister would have learned from the Iraq disaster, and would think very carefully before following our US allies into another war.  But there is a risk of history repeating itself.\n\nThe hollowing out of the media and the lack of transparency in government decision-making has made it harder for investigative journalists to shine a light on government decisions.  And the Australian media remain dominated by News Corp and Murdoch’s agenda.\n\nAs has always been the case, politics is a game of agenda management and spin, with the strongest performer, rather than the best ideas, winning out.  And who knows if, after years of politicization, our public service chiefs have the courage to provide frank and fearless advice.\n\nThere are no new or additional means of holding the government to account.  Howard showed how defensive spin could be used to change the narrative and effectively manipulate the debate when a parliamentary inquiry came up with findings that were potentially damaging.  Not all, but some in the media allowed themselves to be manipulated.\n\nSo, yes, there is a danger of history repeating itself.\n\n\nTM: Could you envision a scenario where legislative reform is not required for a change in Australia’s long standing convention of not requiring parliamentary approval?  \n\nJB: I am not a Constitutional expert, but I don’t believe that there is any legal impediment to an Australian Prime Minister putting a decision to go to war to the Parliament.  It would create a precedent and could become a convention in the same way it has in the UK, when Blair put the Iraq decision to the Parliament.  Were a convention to be established, it might prove difficult, politically, to ignore in any future conflict.  But this route would involve an Australian Prime Minister voluntarily giving up power and neither side of politics has expressed interest in going down this path.\n\nThe Australian Democrats and the Greens have sought to reform war powers through legislative change.  They have proposed changes to the Defence Act to require Parliamentary approval before Australian troops are deployed overseas.  Every attempt has been stymied by the lack of political will on the part of the major parties.\n\nTM: The book concludes by raising the possibility that the fallout from the failures in Iraq may “be seen as significant but not transformative”. In your view, what barriers are present in today’s political climate for substantial reform?  \n\nJB: I cannot see the political will on the part of the major parties for war powers reform.  The Greens have long agitated for reform, as has Andrew Wilkie, but neither Labor nor the Liberals have shown any inclination.  The main political parties clearly do not see it as an issue that would influence anyone’s vote. Despite strong public support for a parliamentary say in the deployment of troops, mobilising the public remains a challenge, especially while there is no specific conflict on the horizon.  Should the possibility of future conflict arise, for example with China over Taiwan, then that would be the time to pull out all stops and mount a public campaign.\n\nIn the meantime, it is worth identifying and working with potential strategic partners and planning the messaging and campaign that would swing into action.  It is also worth thinking outside the square when it comes to potential advocates.  For example, how do members of the military or their families feel about the issue? Are there groups, like GetUp! or Avaaz, that might be potential allies in a campaign?\n\nTM: How do these factors differ from the hurdles faced by the Australian Democrats or the Greens in their original/earlier attempts at reform?  \n\nJB: While the Iraq war is a strong example of the need for robust decision-making when it comes to war, I think the hurdles to reform are the same as those faced by the Democrats and the Greens.  It boils down to a lack of political will.  Only a surge in public support for a parliamentary role in a war decision could change their minds.\n\nTM: Do you believe these will be influenced at all by the recent Roy Morgan opinion poll showing overwhelming public support for parliament voting on military deployments?    \n\nJB: It always helps to remind politicians when there is strong public support for a particular policy initiative.  But strong public support does not always translate into policy change.  With issues like marriage equality and climate change, for example, we see that public opinion can be way ahead of our politicians.  The parties need to be convinced that if they take a stand on an issue, it will translate into votes at the ballot box. We live in hope that they will eventually catch up.\n\nThe Roy Morgan opinion poll cited in the interview indicated that an overwhelming majority of Australians (83%) favour policy change that would require parliamentary approval of military involvement overseas. The increase in support since 2014 represents a unified position from voters of the major political parties and represents a clear discrepancy with politicians’ views.\n\nThis crucial decision-making power controlled by the Prime Minister is likely to have an increasing consequence on the domestic political landscape and how Australians view potential military interventions moving forward. A continuing reliance on our military relationship with the US may see this power placed under substantial pressure.  Questions remain over how the incoming Biden administration handles matters such as the future of the Iran nuclear agreement, China’s growing power in the world and the governance of Taiwan.\n\nLate last year, a private Member’s bill introduced by the Greens Senator Jordon Steele-John placed the issue of parliamentary war powers reform back on the agenda in Canberra. It won’t be long until we see if history repeats itself yet again or if the will of the public is respected and proper debate ensues.\n\nThe Iraq War and Democratic Governance: Britain and Australia go to War is published by Palgrave.\n\nClick here to support War Powers Reform.\n\nShare and Enjoy !\n\nScroll Up\n\nReceive articles straight to your Inbox\n\nHow often?\n\nThank you for subscribing!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6529128551483154}
+{"content": "Confidential communications\n\n     2. This the latter is not permitted to divulge, for this is the privilege of the client and not of the attorney.\n     3. The. rule is, in general, strictly confined to counsel, solicitors or attorneys, except, indeed, the case of an interpreter between the counsel and client, when the privilege rests upon the same grounds of necessity. 3 Wend. R. 339. In New York, contrary to this general rule, tinder the statute of that state, it has been decided that information disclosed to a physician while attending upon the defendant in his professional character, which information was necessary to enable the witness to prescribe for his patient, was a confidential communication which the witness need not have testified. about; and in a case where such evidence had been received by the master, it was rejected. 4 Paige, R. 460.\n     4. As to the matter communicated, it extends to all cases where the party applies for professional assistance. 6 Mad. R. 47; 14 Pick., R. 416. But the privilege does not extend to extraneous or impertinent communications; 3 John. Cas. 198; nor to information imparted to a counsellor in the character of a friend, and not as counsel. 1 Caines' R. 157.\n     5. The cases in which communications to counsel have been holden not to be privileged may be classed under the following heads: 1. When the communication was made before the attorney was employed as such; 1 Vent. 197; 2 Atk. 524; 2. after the attorney's employment has ceased 4 T. R. 431; 3. when the attorney was consulted because he was an attorney, yet he refused to act as such, and was therefore only applied to as a friend; 4 T. R. 753; 4. where a fact merely took place in the presence of the attorney, Cowp. 846; 2 Ves. 189; 2 Curt. Eccl. R. 866; but see Str. 1122; 5. when the matter communicated was not in its nature private, and could in no sense be termed the subject of a confidential communication; 7 East,, R. 357; 2 B. & B. 176; 3 John' Cas. 198; 6. when the things disclosed had no reference to professional employment, though disclosed while the relation of attorney and client subsisted; Peake's R. 77; 7. when the attorney made himself a subscribing witness; 10 Mod. 40 2 Curt. Eccl. R. 866; 3 Burr. 1687\n     8. when he was directed to plead the facts to which he is called to testify. 7 N. S. 179. See a well written article! on this subject in the American Jurist, vol. xvii. p. 304. Vide, generally, Stark. Ev. h.t.; 1 Greenl. Ev. Sec. 236-247; 1 Peters' R. 356; 1 Root, 383; Whart. Dig. 275; Caryls' R. 88, 126, 143; Toth. R. 177; Peake's Cas. 77 2 Stark. Cas. 274; 4 Wash. C. C. R. 718; 11 Wheat. 280; 3 Yeates, R. 4; 4 Munf. R. 273 1 Porter, R. 433; Wright, R. 136; 13 John. R. 492. As to a confession made to a catholic priest, see 2 N. Y. City Hall Rec. 77. Vide 2 Ch. Pr. 18-21; Confessor.\n\nReferences in classic literature ?\n'I assume,' said Arthur, persevering, in his endeavour to soften her scornful demeanour, 'that being in communication--may I say, confidential communication?--with this person--'\nBlanche was in confidential communication with Mrs.\nAs we were waiting for the lift she came hurrying along the corridor, with her eyes fastened on Miss Haldin's face, and drew her aside as if for a confidential communication. It was not long.\nHer deceased mother had established the business, and on that parent's demise she had appropriated a secret capital of fifteen shillings to establishing herself in it; the existence of such capital in a pillow being the last intelligible confidential communication made to her by the departed, before succumbing to dropsical conditions of snuff and gin, incompatible equally with coherence and existence.\nPardiggle, in return, make any confidential communication to Mr.\nAccording to the confidential communications, the Ministry of Transport had approved the arrangement to have KPA bill KRC after the Rail Mounted Gantry (RMG) cranes supplied by the China Roads and Bridges Corporation (CRBC) as part of the SGR operations contract to load cargo on the trains failed.\nWith exclusive interviews from key insiders and access to confidential communications and documents, this is the story of how the crisis developed.\nWith exclusive interviews from key insiders and access to confidential communications, this is the story of how the crisis in the party developed.\n9pm Panorama goes inside the anti-Semitism crisis gripping Jeremy Corbyn's Labour Party, with interviews from key insiders and access to confidential communications and documents.\n\"Democrats are demanding documents they know they have no legal right to see including confidential communications between the president and foreign leaders and grand jury information that cannot be disclosed under the law.\n\nFull browser ?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9023799300193787}
+{"content": "Passer au contenu\n\nParadis - Chocolat 47% Cacao (Haiti)\n\n6,00 €\n\n\nTablette de Chocolat au Lait / Milk Chocolate Bar (47% Cacao)                            \n\nProduit d'Haïti / Made in Haïti\n\nIngrédients: Cacao Haïtien - Sucre - Lait - Beurre de Cacao\n\n\"A flavorful milk chocolate bar – a little piece of heaven\n\nParadis has a rich and creamy texture, with delicious chocolate flavors and a mild sweetness. The taste is enhanced by subtle fruit flavors, providing additional complexity. There isn't any bitterness to the flavors and it will definitely please any chocolate lover.\"", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9936283230781555}
+{"content": "Builds Section\n\nBuild posting\n\nAll questions and rules related to posting your build on MechSpecs.\n\nHow do I post a build on MechSpecs?\n\nYour post should contain:\n\n  • (Optional): Add a skill tree build\n    • Kitlaan Skill Lab\n    • PGI Skill Code: Please post your import/export code in code brackets\nPlease avoid to creating new threads for builds that already exist AKA 'duplicates', in order to avoid having too many different threads about the same thing. For ease of definition, a build classifies as duplicate when the weapon loadout in the original post is identical to another thread, even if other factors like the engine and additional equipment are different. Look for and create your post in the already existing thread for that build.\nWhen you create a duplicate build, it will be merged with the older thread i\nf it has had new comments within 1 year and can be found on the first page. Only under rare exception moderators may deviate from this guideline.\n\nPlease try to have only one build per post, so each can be rated/evaluated separately. Alternate builds are allowed by shortly abbreviating the differences with the original build.\n\nI made a mistake! How can I edit/delete my thread?\n\nOn the top-right, click 'Thread Tools'. Select the option you need there.\n\nWhich pre-fix do I use for my build?\n\n- Casual: This descriptor is probably going to be most common. Workable builds which are not necessarily top-tier for the chassis, but not a mess either. Examples of these builds are ATM Stormcrows, Medium Pulse Laser Hunchback 4Ps, et cetera.\n\n- Budget: A descriptor for builds that are not expensive to build for a new player. Use this for builds which use a stock/common engine and don't get many upgrades for example, or omnimechs that do not change their omnipods too much. I expect this to be used relatively niche, but it could be good to have more of this type of builds on MechSpecs.\n\n- Meme: The 'Meme' descriptor is for all zany, wonky, mad scientist builds, that aren't so much effective as they make for a good laugh. Examples of these are: 6HPPC banshee, 8 Flamer Firestarter, or basically anything TheB33f thinks of.\n\nThe other two prefixes can have overlap with the previous ones, but are still useful to have seperately:\n\n- Scouting: Specifically for builds to be used most effectively in the Faction Play scouting mode. These builds usually run less ammo due to less targets, and put it into the engine or weapon loadout.\n\n- Invasion: Specifically for builds that are used most effectively in Faction Play invasion mode. These builds are usually meant for more sustained fights at longer ranges.\n\n- Solaris: Only for builds to be used in Solaris gameplay, these will not rely on consumables and generally pack little ammo.\n\nHow do I make a correct title for my build?\n\nMake sure to include the Variant, an abbreviation of equipment on your build, and a unique name for your build in the title. There are many examples to use on the site!\nWe suggest that in order to get the best feedback on your build, you adhere to the standard format described below.\n\n\nThe standard format differs depending on the type of mech: Battlemech or Omnimech.\nBattlemechs are the mechs where you can swap engines and change upgrades, such as the Battlemaster and Mad Cat MKII. They're organised into their own variants on this site.\nOmnimechs are the mechs where you swap out entire components of different mech variants, such as the Sun Spider and the Stormcrow. They're organised into a single forum of 'builds' on this site, with an exception for builds that use hero omnipods, which cannot be obtained without owning the hero.\n\nBattlemechs: VARIANT > \"NAME\" > ( > WEAPONS > EQUIPMENT > ENGINE > ) +Alt*\n\nOmnimechs**: CT VARIANT > \"NAME\" > ( > WEAPONS > EQUIPMENT > ) +Alt* +Set***\n\nJR7-D \"Grimm Variant\" (4xMLas, 2xSSRM2, AMS, XL300) +Alt(LE280, STD250)\nTBR-C \"Burninator5000\" (2xcLPL, 2xcSRM6A, 3xcERML, TC3, cAP) +Set\n\nWhile summarizing the weapons and equipment we advise to use these standard abbreviations;\n\n# = Applicable number for rating.\n\nSTD# - Standard\nLE# - Light Engine (IS only)\nXL# - eXtra-Light Engine\n\nJJ - Jump Jets *\n* Classes for these items are determined by mech weight and therefore not necessary to mention.\n\nAC# - AutoCannon (2, 5, 10, 20)\nUAC# - Ultra AutoCannon (2, 5, 10, 20)\nRAC# - Rotary AutoCannon (2, 5)\nLBX# or LB#X - LB-X AutoCannon (2, 5, 10, 20)\n(L/H)GR - (Light/Heavy/original) Gauss Rifle\n(L/H)MG - (Light/Heavy/original) Machine Gun\n\n(S/M/L)L - (Small/Medium/Large) Laser\n(S/M/L)PL - (Small/Medium/Large) Pulse Laser\nER(S/M/L)L - Extended Range (Small/Medium/Large) Laser\n(L/H)PPC - (Light/Heavy/original) PPC\nSNPPC - Snub-Nose PPC\nERPPC - Extended Range PPC\nFL - Flamer\n\nLRM#(A) - Long Range Missiles (5, 10, 15, 20) (with Artemis)\nMRM# - Medium Range Missiles (10, 20, 30, 40)\nSRM#(A) - Short Range Missiles (2, 4, 6) (with Artemis)\nSSRM# - Streak Short Range Missiles (2, 4, 6)\nRL# - Rocket Launcher (10, 15, 20)\n(L)AMS - (Laser) Anti-Missile System\nTAG - TAG Laser\nNARC - NARC Beacon\nECM - Guardian ECM\n\nNo hardpoint\nBAP - Beagle Active Probe\nCC - Command Console\nSA - Stealth Armor\nTC# - Targeting Computer Mk. # (1-8)\n\ncAC# - Clan AutoCannon (2, 5, 10, 20)\ncUAC# - Clan Ultra AutoCannon (2, 5, 10, 20)\ncLBX# or cLB#X - Clan LB #-X AutoCannon (2, 5, 10, 20)\nc(L/H)GR - Clan (Light/Heavy/original) Gauss Rifle\nc(L/H)MG - Clan (Light/Heavy/original) Machine Gun\n\nc(u/S/M/L)PL - Clan (Micro/Small/Medium/Large) Pulse Laser\ncER(u/S/M/L)L - Clan Extended Range (Micro/Small/Medium/Large) Laser\ncH(S/M/L)L - Clan Heavy (Small/Medium/Large) Laser\ncERPPC - Clan Extended Range PPC\ncFL - Clan Flamer\n\ncATM# - Clan Advanced Tactical Missile (3, 6, 9, 12)\ncLRM#(A) - Clan Long Range Missiles (5, 10, 15, 20) (with Artemis)\ncSRM#(A) - Clan Short Range Missiles (2, 4, 6) (with Artemis)\ncSSRM# - Clan Streak Short Range Missiles (2, 4, 6)\nc(L)AMS - Clan (Laser) Anti-Missile System\nc(L)TAG - Clan (Light) TAG Laser\ncNARC - Clan NARC Beacon\ncECM - Clan ECM\n\nNo hardpoint\ncAP - Clan Active Probe\ncTC# - Clan Targeting Computer mk. # (1-7)\n\nIt's important to list how many of a certain weapon are equipped on a mech. This is done by putting a '#x' in front - where # is the quantity of that weapon - without a space.\n\nCN9-YLW YaoYao's Wang (1xAC20, 2xML, STD275)\nCPLT-C1 Grimm Variant (2xLRM15A, 3xML, TAG, BAP, AMS, XL300)\n* Instead of abbreviating the alternate build(s), you can simply put \"+Alt\" in the title if you have alternative variations on your build. 'Alternatives' are defined as mechs with the same weapon loadout, but different equipment or engine. If your variation has different weapon loadout, consider if it warrants another thread.\nOptional: add the defining alternative engine/equipment in brackets such as \"+Alt(STD300, LE325)\"\n\n** Because Omnimechs have a fixed engine, They're not necessary in the abbreviation.\n\n*** If you're using a build with only components of the same variant, indicate this by writing \"+Set\" behind your entire build title. This is handy if you make a build centered around set-of-8 quirks. Builds that do not have the 'set' suffix may require additional omnipods to be bought.\n\nMy Smurfy link doesn't work! Help!\n\nIn order for smurfy links to work correctly, follow these steps:\n\n  1. Copy the 'Plain Link' after saving your build\n    1. DON'T copy the 'Forum' or 'HTML' links. We have an API installed that automatically changes the plain link into an embed. If you copy this other link, you'll end up with a lot of broken code in your post.\n  2. Make sure the link has 'https://' in front, as shown in the image below.\n    1. A link with just 'http://' will NOT work.\n  3. Done.\n\n\nPLEASE NOTE: You MUST do this right the first time otherwise XenForo will assume it is a regular link and parse it as a clickable line. If this happens to you, remove the link and start over. Alternatively,\n\n1. Select the link XenForo has made.\n2. Click the 'broken chain' symbol in the bar on top.\n3. Insert the \"s\" into the link, as shown in the image and guide above.\n4. Save changes.\n\nWhy is a correct title important?\n\nOur search engine can only find specific words. If you use a non-standard abbreviation for your title, it will be unlikely that people can find your build through the search engine if they look for specific equipment. If you want people to comment and rate your build, make sure to use the standard abbreviations.\n\nWhat happens to my build if my title is incorrect?\n\nIt will sit there looking silly!\n\nGenerally, having a wrongly structured title only means your build doesn't get the traffic it could get.\nHowever, if it has been reported, chances are a Moderator will come and re-title the build the way it is supposed to be done.\n\nCan I use my export code to post a build?\n\nCurrently, PGI export codes are not yet supported by the site as the main way of sharing builds.\n\nMany people will be able to evaluate your build without piloting it and the export code does not display the build layout until it's loaded in-game. Therefore it's much preferred to have an out-of-game image/link that displays the build for easy feedback.\nThey can however, be added in addition to a link from Smurfy, MechDB or an in-game screenshot of the build, as described in another FAQ.\nFAQ Manager ©2015 Iversia from RPGfix.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8328714966773987}
+{"content": "What is Hypertension?\n\nHypertension is defined as a sustained elevated blood pressure of 140mmhg (Systolic) over 90mmhg (diastolic) or higher.  The gold standard for diagnosing hypertension is by 24hr ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, where an automatic digital blood pressure machine is fitted and worn by the person for 24hrs, during which time the machine measures blood pressure twice per hour during waking hours, and at least once per hour during the night.  The mean wake and sleep blood pressures, along with a number of other blood pressure values are calculated to determine hypertension.\n\nThere are 2 parts to a blood pressure reading.  The highest number or systolic blood pressure is the maximum pressure created when the heart contracts.  This can be felt as the pulse moving through an artery.  The lower number or diastolic pressure, is the minimum pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.  In a normalised, healthy population of people we would expect the blood pressure to be around 120/80mmhg +/- ~20mmhg.  It is generally regarded that the lower the resting blood pressure then better, as long as it does not become too low as to become symptomatic (Hypotension).\n\nThere are 2 main forms of hypertension:\n\nEssential (primary) hypertension is an elevated blood pressure that has no known or specific cause.  Essential hypertension is the most common form of high blood pressure, and one of the most common symptoms of cardiovascular and cardiometabolic disease.\n\nSecondary hypertension is when there is a known cause for the blood pressure to be elevated.  Often this is associated with kidney disease, adrenal disease, thyroid dysfunctions or obstructive sleep apnoea, or it can be a side effect of some medications.\n\nThe body uses 3 main, complex physiological mechanisms to control blood pressure:\n\nMyocardial contractile force is the strength of the heart's muscle contraction when the heart beats.  The higher the force the more blood that is ejected from the heart into the arteries with each beat resulting in a short term rise in blood pressure.  The body will generally use this to adjust to sudden changes in posture such as moving from a lying to standing position.\n\nThe second way the body can adjust blood pressure is by dilating and contracting the blood vessels, known as vasodilation and vasoconstriction.  When blood vessels dilate there is more space for the total blood volume resulting in a drop in blood pressure, and when the blood vessels contract there is less room and therefore a rise in blood pressure.  The body will use this mechanism to adjust to sudden or short term changes in blood pressure, as well as to regulate blood pressure through longer periods of rest or physical activity.\n\nThirdly, the body controls blood pressure over a longer period of time by regulating total blood volume, by increasing or decreasing the fluid (water) component of blood.  If a higher blood pressure needs to be sustained for a period of time the body will reabsorb fluid from the kidneys and other parts of the body to increase blood volume, and when blood pressure needs to reduce, the body will filter water out of the circulating blood volume via the kidneys, or by sending fluids to other parts of the body.\n\nThese three mechanisms don’t work independently, but collectively to regulate blood pressure within normal parameters.\n\nPrimary hypertension occurs when there is an interruption or dysregulation to the neuro-endocrine and other structural and physiological processes underlying these complex mechanisms.\n\nRaven, P. & Chapleau, M. (2014) Blood pressure regulation XI: Overview and future research directions, Eur J Applied Physiol, 114(3); 579-586, doi:10.1007/s00421-014-2823-z\n\nThe conventional approach\n\nAccording to the Australian guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hypertension, hypertension (high blood pressure) is defined by a sustained elevated blood pressure of 140mmhg (systolic) over 90mmhg (diastolic).\n\nOnce hypertension  has been diagnosed, treatment will usually consist of:\n\nLifestyle advice to address physical activity, weight management, diet, smoking cessation and alcohol intake.\n\nIf the above strategies are not sufficient to reduce blood pressure to lower risk levels then prescription medications are used either selectively or in combination.  The types of medications used include Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB), calcium channel blockers, and beta-blockers which are used to reduce the strength of the heart's contraction force.  In some cases diuretics may also be used to reduce circulating fluid volume.  In some cases up to 3 different medications may be used in combination to help control blood pressure.\n\nWhilst early intervention to reduce blood pressure and risk of adverse events is necessary, these strategies alone do not address the underlying factors that have resulted in hypertension.  Addressing the neuro-endocrine and inflammatory dysregulation for effective risk reduction and reversal of hypertension is essential.\n\nNational Heart Foundation of Australia. (2016)  Guideline for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults, Melbourne. Retrieved https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwi-hNn0vMXxAhUZyTgGHbeFANwQFnoECAQQAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heartfoundation.org.au%2Fgetmedia%2Fc83511ab-835a-4fcf-96f5-88d770582ddc%2FPRO-167_Hypertension-guideline-2016_WEB.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3Eqe7dt-RrzZ5uVAG2jeET\n\nSigns and symptoms\n\nUnfortunately most people who develop hypertension will have no overt signs and symptoms, and the elevated blood pressure is only discovered by chance when the blood pressure is checked.  This is why it is vitally important to have your blood pressure checked regularly especially if you are 40+ years of age, overweight or obese, smoke, have excessive alcohol intake, consume a diet high in saturated fats and low in fibre, lead a sedentary lifestyle or have a family history of hypertension or cardiovascular disease.\n\nIndigenous persons or those from an African heritage also have a hereditary predisposition to developing hypertension and cardiovascular disease and so should be proactive in having their blood pressure checked regularly.\n\nIn some cases people may experience some general or non-specific symptoms that may indicate a need to have their blood pressure checked.  These may include mild headaches, a flushed appearance to the face, or clearly visible blood vessels in the white parts of the eye.  In men, erectile dysfunction has also been linked to hypertension and cardiovascular disease.\n\nIf significant symptoms such as breathlessness, loss of body functions, severe headaches, heart palpitations or reduced urine output occur you should immediately seek the advice of your doctor as these signs and symptoms may indicate a rare but serious condition known as hypertensive crisis.\n\nRoot causes\n\nThe functional medicine perspective considers primary hypertension as a sign that there is a chronic and progressive interruption and dysregulation of the complex neuro-endocrine physiology that regulates blood pressure, and in most cases this will be driven by an underlying immuno-inflammatory process affecting the heart and blood vessels.\n\nThe root cause of these disrupted processes will in most cases be influenced by modifiable diet and lifestyle factors as well as a number of psycho-social and physiological determinants.  Prolonged stress, gut health, thyroid disorders, food allergies and sensitivities, heavy metal and environmental toxicities, and autoimmune and inflammatory conditions have all been associated with hypertension.\n\nCarretero, OA. & Oparil, S. (2020) Essential hypertension: Part 1: Definition and etiology, Circulation, 101(3); 329-335, https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.101.3.329\n\nPilakkadavath, Z. & Shaffi, M. (2016) Modifiable risk factors of hypertension: A hospital-base case-control study from Kerala, India, J Family Med Prim Care, 5(1); 114-119, doi:10.4103/2249-4863.184634\n\n\nCommon misconceptions\n\nThe most common misconception about hypertension is that it is a disease.  Instead, hypertension should be viewed as a sign of disruption and dysregulation of a number of complex neuro-endocrine and immuno-inflammatory pathways in the body.\n\nFurthermore many people believe that taking medication to manage blood pressure is all that is required.  However, medications can be effective for reducing blood pressure, but do not address the underlying root cause for hypertension.  If medication is the only approach used to control blood pressure a person may be at risk of developing chronic cardiovascular and cardiometabolic disease.\n\nWhat causes eczema?\n\nThere isn’t one single cause of eczema but a range of potential contributing factors that are unique to each person. These include:\n\n\nResearch has found people with the ‘atopic triad’ have a defective barrier of the skin and upper and lower respiratory tracts.\n\nThese genetic alterations cause a loss of function of filaggrin (filament aggregating protein), which is a protein in the skin that normally breaks down to create natural moisturisation and protect the skin from penetration by pathogens and allergens.\n\nFilaggrin mutations are found in approximately 30 percent of people with atopic dermatitis, and also predispose people to asthma, allergic rhinitis (hayfever), keratosis pilaris (dry rough patches and bumps on the skin), and ichthyosis vulgaris (a chronic condition which causes thick, dry, scaly skin.)If one parent carries this genetic alteration, there is a 50 percent chance their child will develop atopic symptoms. And that risk increases to 80 percent if both parents are affected. \n\nFood allergy and sensitivity\n\nFood hypersensitivity has been found to cause or exacerbate atopic dermatitis in 10-30% of cases, and 90% of these are caused by eggs, milk, peanuts, soy and wheat.\n\nCompromised gut health\n\nThe connection between the gut microbiome and skin health is complex, however, research has found the microbiota contributes to the development, persistence, and severity of atopic dermatitis through immunologic, metabolic and neuroendocrine pathways.\n\nNutritional deficiencies\n\nDeficiency of Omega-6 essential fatty acids (EFA) has been linked with the increased incidence of atopic dermatitis, along with the inability for the body to efficiently metabolise EFA’s to gamma linoleic acids (GLA) and arachidonic acids (AA).\n\nWeather and environment\n\nChanging weather conditions can certainly aggravate eczema symptoms, but the triggers are subject to change among individuals.\n\n\nHormones also play a role in the course of atopic dermatitis, including the stress hormone cortisol which triggers an inflammatory immune response affecting all organs of the body, including the skin.\n\nMould exposure\n\nMould exposure and susceptibility to mould can cause Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS), of which dermatitis is a manifestation.\n\nCase study\n\nSee how functional medicine is helping our patients achieve better health and richer lives.\n\nAre you ready for a personalised, natural functional medicine treatment? Our unique model of care was designed with you in mind. Find out how here, then book a call today!\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9743198752403259}
+{"content": "Home / Metal News / Rare Earth / [minutes] the state encourages the development of high-performance permanent magnet industry and the downstream demand continues to increase.\nJul 22,2021 18:33CST\nThe content below was translated by Tencent automatically for reference.\n\nSMM6 March 22: in the online market live conference hosted by SMM, SMM analyst Hou Jinchen published what kind of mystery behind the rise of rare earth permanent magnet industry? During the live broadcast of the theme, the meeting mainly introduced the current situation of the rare earth permanent magnet material industry, as well as the supply and demand situation of the high-performance NdFeB market, and finally returned to the market, introduced and summarized the development trend of the rare earth permanent magnet material industry.\n\nPresent situation of rare Earth permanent Magnet material Industry\n\nRare earth permanent magnets are divided into three categories, among which sintered NdFeB belongs to the third generation rare earth permanent magnets. NdFeB downstream has a wide range of applications, including automotive industry, energy-saving household appliances, consumer electronics, industrial motors and others.\n\nThe production of NdFeB magnetic materials in the world is concentrated in China and Japan, and the output of sintered NdFeB is the largest.\n\nAccording to the China rare Earth Industry Association, the total output of rare earth magnetic materials in 2019 was about 180000 tons, and Ningbo contributed about 38.9% of the total production of rare earth permanent magnet materials. Zhejiang, Shanxi, Shandong, Inner Mongolia. According to the intrinsic coercivity, NdFeB magnetic products are usually divided into seven categories: n series, M series, H series, SH series, UH series, EH series and TH series. Zhejiang, which has the largest label, accounts for about 38.7%, less than 40%.\n\nIn addition, rare earth permanent magnets have different shapes and belong to non-standard products.\n\nNeodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material is a permanent magnet material based on intermetallic compound Re2 alloy 14B. The main components are rare earth element neodymium (Nd) 29% Mel 32.5%, iron (Fe) 63.9% Mel 68.7%, non-metallic element boron (B) 1.1% Mel 1.2%. In order to obtain some neodymium with different properties, dysprosium (Dy), praseodymium (Pr) and other rare earth metals such as dysprosium (Co) and praseodymium (Al) can be used to replace part of neodymium. The boron content is small, but it plays an important role in the formation of tetragonal crystal structure intermetallic compounds, so that the compounds have high saturation magnetization, high uniaxial anisotropy and high Curie temperature. The maximum magnetic energy product (BH) max and the remanent Br, intrinsic coercivity HcJ, magnetic induction coercivity HcB are required and distinguished according to the different grades of the intrinsic coercivity HcJ.\n\nIn recent years, the demand for wind power generation and new energy vehicles has increased rapidly, which puts forward higher requirements for the coercivity and temperature stability of NdFeB permanent magnet materials, which are required to work above 200 ℃. Increasing the amount of dysprosium can significantly improve the coercivity and temperature stability of the materials.\n\nThe traditional element addition method is added in the melting process, that is, Dy is melted together with Nd, Fe, B and other elements. In the final magnet, there is Dy distribution in both the grain boundary and the main phase in the grain. However, some studies have shown that Dy at the grain boundary plays the most significant role in improving the coercivity.\n\nJapan first put forward the concept of \"grain boundary diffusion\". They adopted a special process to make Dy exist only in the grain boundary but not into the grain, which not only improved the properties of NdFeB materials, but also greatly reduced the total amount of Dy elements and reduced the cost of materials.\n\nThere are two ways to reduce the amount of dysprosium by NdFeB: grain refinement and grain boundary diffusion. Through crystal grain refinement, the content of dysprosium is expected to be reduced by about 1-2%, and the content of dysprosium is expected to be reduced by about 2-3% by grain boundary diffusion method. Taken together, it can be reduced by about 5%.\n\nIn 2020, exports of rare earth permanent magnets exceeded 40,000 tons, with 88% of permanent magnets and articles prepared to make permanent magnets after magnetization.\n\nSupply and demand of high performance NdFeB market\n\nIn 2018, the global NdFeB blank output is 185000 tons, and the high-performance NdFeB blank output accounts for 26%. China's NdFeB blank output is 157000 tons, with high-performance NdFeB blank accounting for 26%.\n\nRare earth industry association data show that: at present, both the global market and the domestic market, rare earth permanent magnet materials show a low-end supply oversupply, high-end supply shortage. Take NdFeB magnetic blank as an example, according to the data of China rare Earth Industry Association, the global output of NdFeB blank is 185000 tons in 2018, of which the output of high-performance NdFeB blank is only 48000 tons, accounting for about 26%. China's NdFeB blank production of 157000 tons, of which high-performance NdFeB blank production is only 23000 tons, accounting for about 15%.\n\nIn order to encourage the development of high-performance permanent magnet materials industry, export tariffs were abolished in 2010. Neodymium-iron-boron alloy quick-solidified permanent magnet materials are classified as \"other ferroalloys\" in the tariff before 2010, and a 20% export tariff is levied. Considering that there are great differences between this product and ordinary ferroalloy in production process, product performance and use, the product is magnetized into permanent magnet after processing, which is mainly used in computer, communication products, electronic equipment and other high-tech fields. In order to support the development of China's high-performance permanent magnet industry and further refine the tariff classification of NdFeB alloy permanent magnetic materials, the tariff item of \"NdFeB alloy quick-solidified permanent magnetic sheet\" was added in the 2010 tariff implementation plan, and its export tariff of 20% was abolished. At present, the export of four types of rare earth permanent magnet materials related products are not tariff, and do not involve export quotas.\n\nDevelopment trend of rare Earth permanent Magnet material Industry\n\nFrom the perspective of exports to major trading partners, a large number of China's rare earth permanent magnet products have been exported to Europe, the United States and East Asia, most of which are developed countries with a high level of science and technology. Taking the export data in 2020 as an example, the top five countries are Germany (15%), the United States (14%), South Korea (10%), Vietnam and Thailand.\n\nAffected by the trade conflict between China and the United States from 2018 to 2019, the export volume of magnetic materials in China has declined. As mentioned earlier, China has the unique advantage of rare earth resources in the development of rare earth permanent magnet materials, which promotes the rapid development of China's rare earth permanent magnet material industry in recent years, relying on the advantage of low cost and low pricing occupies most of the market share in the world. however, this has also led to a certain degree of overcapacity, forming a buyer's market. Under this market background, in the process of bidding and selling of Chinese rare earth permanent magnet material enterprises in the international market, the buyer suppresses the price by comparison, and there is also a bidding situation among domestic enterprises, which finally leads to the transaction price on the low side and may even be lower than the cost price, resulting in damage to the interests of the enterprise. Competitive export also exists in lanthanum and cerium products. Previously, it was thought that China was also subject to great restrictions on patents. According to the Ministry of Commerce, because Hitachi Metal has applied for a NdFeB patent in the United States, Chinese enterprises can only have their patent authorization. in order to export products to the United States market without Hitachi metal patent authorization of Chinese rare earth permanent magnet products can not be exported to the United States and other designated countries. However, according to industry insiders, at present, many patents have expired, and the main question is whether they can make products that meet customer requirements.\n\nAt present, the downstream demand of rare earth permanent magnets continues to increase. Cars are the largest consumer downstream of high-performance NdFeB, accounting for as much as 50%. Since the beginning of this year, the demand for cars has continued to rise, driving the demand for rare earth permanent magnets. In addition, the output of industrial robots and elevators in China is expected to continue to rise. There are broad prospects for the development of the elevator industry in the future, which is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, from the perspective of building stock, urbanization and aging promote the renewal and installation of elevators in existing buildings; second, from the perspective of building increment, elevators have become standard for new houses. In terms of air conditioning, global warming brings great prospects for the European air conditioning market. The air-conditioning penetration rate is 90% in the United States, 89% in Japan and 60% in China, while it is only 4% in Europe. According to data from the International Energy Organization, there will be 110 million air conditioners installed in Europe in 2019, and that number will reach 275 million by 2050.\n\nIn terms of electric power, at present, with the sustained and stable development of China's economy and the steady progress of industrial process, the demand for electric power is bound to increase day by day. Therefore, China's medium-and long-term power demand situation is optimistic, and the power industry will continue to maintain a high level of prosperity. In addition, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, in the context of the growing global demand for energy, the promotion and application of clean energy has become an inevitable trend. The main ways of power generation in China are thermal power generation, hydroelectric power generation, wind power generation, nuclear power generation and solar power generation. In recent years, the wind power industry has developed rapidly. In the first half of 2021, China's installed wind power capacity grew at a year-on-year growth rate of 26.6%, ranking first in the year-on-year growth rate.\n\nIn terms of wind power, according to the data of the National Energy Administration, affected by the decline of wind power subsidies, there is a wave of rush to install, and the domestic installed capacity of wind power in 2020 is 71.7 GW (gigawatts). In recent years, as the construction technology of onshore wind power in China has become more and more mature, coupled with the broader offshore wind power resources, the national wind power development policy is gradually inclined to offshore power generation. During the period from the Twelfth five-year Plan to the 14th five-year Plan, with the implementation of relevant policies, offshore wind power in China has developed rapidly, and offshore wind power projects in coastal provinces and cities have landed rapidly.\n\nRare Earth\nAnalytical Prospect\nSMM Conference\nPrice Forecast\n\nFor queries, please contact Frank LIU at liuxiaolei@smm.cn\n\n\nRelated news\n\nRare Earth EVENTS", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8102843165397644}
+{"content": "Hrmt407 week 8 assignment | Human Resource Management homework help\n\nFinal Project Week 8 Instructions:\n\nBased upon what you have learned, and the research you have conducted, why is it important for HR Management to transform from being primarily administrative and operational to becoming a more strategic partner. Provide a background of HR history and some data from a specific organization of your choice to support your ideas, arguments, and opinions.\n\n\nPlease support your ideas, arguments, and opinions with independent research, include at least five (5) supporting references or sources (NOT Wikipedia, unknown, or anonymous sources), format your work in proper APA format, include a cover page, an abstract, an introduction and a labeled conclusion in accordance with the course rubric, a minimum of eight (8) FULL pages of written content, and a reference section. Double space all work and cite all listed references properly in text in accordance with the 6th edition of the APA manual, chapters 6 & 7.\n\nIMPORTANT: LATE POLICY: No work will be accepted after the final day of class.\n\nCalculate the price of your order\n\nYou will get a personal manager and a discount.\nWe'll send you the first draft for approval by at\nTotal price:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.738323986530304}
+{"content": "Someone once suggested that we have two great struggles: The first half of life is spent struggling with the sixth commandment, the second half struggling with the fifth. We spend half of life as a prodigal son and half as an older brother.\n\nThis isn’t always true, but it often is. Very often, in the earlier years of life, we struggle with pleasure, hedonism, greed, sensuality and sex.\n\nJust as often, in the later years of life, there is a struggle with anger, paranoia, bitterness and with the incapacity to forgive. In the second half of life, far tougher than the prohibition on adultery is the commandment: “Thou shalt not kill!”\n\nIt is not easy to grow in mellowness as one grows in age. The rule is normally the opposite. Almost invariably, as we grow older, our childhood wounds constellate into full-blown neuroses and dysfunctions. We tend then to spontaneously fill with bitterness, anger, jealousy, a sense of having been cheated, and with disappointment about the choices we have made (or that have been made for us) regarding our lives, our marriage partners, our vocations and our careers.\n\nWith the onset of this, begins our ultimate religious, moral and emotional struggle. This struggle is not, in the first place, the struggle with sex, lust, greed or blindness to the area of social justice, but the struggle of the older brother or the prodigal son, that is, the struggle to live out of a heart that is warm, honest, full of gratitude, able to forgive and able to enter into celebration and love.\n\nBut how do we do that? How do we keep warm, mellow and honest hearts when our natural inclination is towards bitterness, distortion and the feeling of having been cheated?\n\nTraditional Christian spirituality suggests that the way beyond bitterness, hurt and the incapacity to forgive is to move more radically into self-forgetfulness, charity and martyrdom—live an unselfish life and you will be happy. Popular psychology submits that the road beyond an angry heart lies in more adequate self-expression and creativity—live in such a way so that your life is genuinely an expression of who you really are and you will be fulfilled.\n\nThere is wisdom in both of these, but there is also something important missing. To move from bitterness, self-pity, anger and hurt to the type of self-forgetfulness and self-expression that comes from a warm heart, involves, before anything else, the gift of tears, grieving.\n\nAlice Miller, in her ground-breaking work, The Drama of the Gifted Child, shines a flashlight into the plumbing of all of this and what she shows is that middle-age bitterness is, at its root, the failure to grieve. If we are bitter, angry, unable to celebrate and feel like life has cheated us, we need, before and more than anything else, to grieve.\n\nContempt, rage and anger, she says, cease when we begin to mourn “for the irreversible that cannot be changed.” In her view, the first task for middle age is grief—”the whole decayed building must collapse and give way to true, deep and defenceless mourning.” (The Drama of the Gifted Child, pp. 104, 89)\n\nWhat does she mean by this? To oversimplify her complex insight, what she suggests runs something like this: We are born into this world gifted, special and meant to be loved and valued simply for who and what we are. However, from our conception onwards, life itself and others around us—especially those closest to us, our mothers and fathers—are inadequate to the task.\n\nAlready as very young children we quickly pick up that we are loved and valued only to the degree that we meet others’ expectations of us. But we cannot meet those expectations, regardless of our talents and efforts. Daily, deep inside of us, this sinks in and, by the time we reach the second half of our lives, we tend spontaneously to fill with rage, bitterness and with the sense that we have been cheated.\n\nAnd the truth is that we have been cheated, all of us. What we are spending all of our anxious energy in trying to prevent from happening has already happened. We have already been wounded at the core of our being.\n\nBut blaming others, lashing out, acting out or rationalizing our wounds under high symbols is not helpful. The prerequisite work of middle age is grief. When we properly mourn the radical inadequacy of our lives we can again find the strength and health of our youth.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9286706447601318}
+{"content": "Sea snakes have been adapting to see underwater for 15 million years\n\nSea snakes first entered the marine environment 15 million years ago and have been evolving ever since to survive in its changing light conditions, according to a new study.\n\n\nIt suggests sea snakes' vision has been modifying genetically over millions of generations, enabling them to adapt to new environments and meaning they can continue to see prey - and predators - deep below the sea surface.\n\nIn an unexpected twist, the study published in Current Biology also suggests that diving sea snakes actually share their adaptive properties not with other snakes or marine mammals, but with some fruit-eating primates.\n\nThe research was led by Dr Bruno Simões, Lecturer in Animal Biology at the University of Plymouth, and involved scientists from the UK, Australia, Denmark, Bangladesh and Canada.\n\nDr Simões, formerly a Marie Sk?odowska-Curie Global Fellow at the University of Bristol (UK) and University of Adelaide (Australia), said: \"In the natural world, species obviously have to adapt as the environment around them changes. But to see such a rapid change in the sea snakes' vision over less than 15 million years is truly astonishing. The pace of diversification among sea snakes, compared to their terrestrial and amphibious relatives, is perhaps a demonstration of the immensely challenging environment they live in and the need for them to continue to adapt in order to survive.\n\n\"Our study also shows that snake and mammal vision has evolved very differently in the transition from land to sea. Sea snakes have retained or expanded their colour vision compared to their terrestrial relatives, whereas pinnipeds and cetaceans underwent a further reduction in the dimensions of their colour vision. This contrast is further evidence of the remarkable evolutionary diversity of snake eyesight.\"\n\nIn the study, scientists say that despite being descended from highly visual lizards, snakes have limited (often two-tone) colour vision, attributed to the dim-light lifestyle of their early snake ancestors.\n\nHowever, the living species of front-fanged and venomous elapids are ecologically very diverse, with around 300 terrestrial species (such as cobras, coral snakes and taipans) and 63 fully marine sea snakes.\n\nTo try and establish how this diversity occurred, scientists analysed various species of terrestrial and sea snakes from sources including fieldwork in Asia and Australia and historical museum collections.\n\nThey investigated the evolution of spectral sensitivity in elapids by analysing their opsin genes (which produce visual pigments that are responsible for sensitivity to ultra-violet and visible light), retinal photoreceptors and eye lenses.\n\nTheir results showed that sea snakes had undergone rapid adaptive diversification of their visual pigments when compared with their terrestrial and amphibious relatives.\n\nIn one specific example, a particular lineage of sea snake had expanded its UV-Blue sensitivity. Sea snakes forage on the sea floor in depths exceeding 80metres, yet must swim to the surface to breathe at least once every few hours. This expanded UV-Blue sensitivity helps the snakes to see in the variable light conditions of the ocean water column.\n\nAlso, most vertebrates have pairs of chromosomes resulting in two copies of the same genes. In some fruit-eating primates, the two copies might be slightly different (alleles) resulting in visual pigments with different spectral properties, expanding their colour vision. This study suggests that some sea snakes used the same mechanism to expand their underwater vision with both UV sensitive and blue-sensitive alleles.\n\nDr Kate Sanders, Associate Professor of the University of Adelaide and senior author, said: \"Different alleles of the same gene can be used by organisms to adapt new environmental conditions. The ABO blood types in primates are a result of different alleles of the same gene. However, despite being very important for the adaptation of species this mechanism is still poorly reported. For vision, it has been only reported on the long-wavelength opsin of some primates but our study suggests an intriguing parallel with diving sea snakes.\"\n\nUniversity of Plymouth", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9126943349838257}
+{"content": "Essays about the dead poets society\n\nRobin Williams made an excellent teacher in the movie. I was really confused as to who the main character was supposed to be though. At first I thought it was Ethan Hawk's character Todd.\n\nEssays about the dead poets society\n\n\nThis injustice was unfair and caused Mr Keating to loose his job. The school was a dull, conservative place where tradition, education and reputation were put before creativity and dreams.\n\n\n\nThe one thing that caused the boys to do this would have been the reverse physiology Keating used. Mr Keating taught his students to enjoy poetry and live through it not just write it. He taught them to be individuals, live their dreams and follow their hearts.\n\nThey changed for the better and some of his students finally found out what they wanted in life. Neil wanted to be an actor. He was extremely talented at it and decided to disobey his father and preform in a local play. That night Neil commits suicide by shooting himself. The headmaster and Mr and Mrs Perry start blaming Mr Keating for brainwashing Neil, which eventually led to his death.\n\nWhen Neil participated in the play he noticed just how much of his life he was missing out on, his eyes were opened to how much fun he could really have and how enjoyable life could be. Neil was not strong enough to confront his dad and tell him how he really felt because of the lack of communication between them.\n\nI feel that Mr Keating allowed Neil to see how much he was missing out on and how much he was suffering. I think that what Mr Nolan did, was unjust and was unfair towards Mr Keating. Keating never expected it to end in tragedy. More essays like this:Dead Poets Society #1 Dead Poets Society is a movie that compares the conflict between realism and romanticism.\n\nThe setting takes place at an all-boys preparatory school named, Welton Academy. The academy is a traditional academy where many lawyers and doctors have graduated Essays for Dead Poets Society Dead Poets Society literature essays are academic essays for citation.\n\nThese papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of the film Dead Poets Society directed by Peter Weir. Free dead poets society is a beginner s feature article from the essay on death is a terrible defense of poetry did jesus exist?\n\nFor creative writers.\n\nEssays about the dead poets society\n\nThe dialog from anti essays, whom is both informs and Dead Poets Society Summary: Dead Poets Society is a book, that is about a group of friends, that starts an old “club” up, “The Dead Poets Society”.\n\nThey got to know about it, from their new English teacher, Mr. Keating, who also went to Welton Academy (the Boarding school, the boys are on) Read this English Essay and over 88, other research documents.\n\nThe dead poets society essay lesson\n\nDead Poet Society. “I want to make them free thinkers” says Mr Keating to Mr McAllister. This essay will define the meaning of The damaging effects of conformity, beautiful sense of nature, and emphasis of simplicity and individuality are shown in many elements throughout Dead Poet’s Society and are ultimately highlighted by Emerson and Thoreau’s philosophies, making the overall concept of transcendentalism understood.\n\nDead poets society summary essays", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9558503031730652}
+{"content": "Allyship for Lawyers in an Awakened America\n\nMany consider themselves an “ally” of the LGBTQ+ or BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and people of color) communities and other marginalized groups. However, “allyship” is different; it’s the action part of being an ally. And because we’re human—which means we’re often afraid or confused—we often don’t engage in true allyship.\n\nIn the 2020s, when we’ve finally begun to understand how the system has historically favored white people over others, what does true allyship look like, particularly for legal professionals inside and out of their workplaces?\n\nIn this talk, Ellie Krug will discuss fear as a hurdle to allyship and offer strategies for how to approach workplace and everyday situations where it’s necessary to speak up on behalf of others. Additionally, Ellie will offer tips on apology and forgiveness, which are critical to true allyship.\n\nAs legal professionals, it’s time for us to get allyship right. This talk is a start.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997004866600037}
+{"content": "5 Profitable Businesses You Can Start From Home\n\nMany companies over the last 5 years have been forced to cut their marketing staff and eliminate positions that were critical to their operations. The dimension of business has changed over the years. In earlier times, customers did not have many choices and they had to choose whatever companies use to offer. But now-a-days, the number of products has increased and there is not much difference in the quality of same category products offered by companies. Customers being the king today, it becomes quite easier for them to look for other options in case they are not satisfied with the services offered. The Dranove and Marciano model reveals that the Acer brand has a value that is unique to the company across all segments (financial, physical, human and organizational). However, these values are not rare and have been imitated by other brands, especially in the financial and physical spheres where pricing and features have been copied by all brands. However, the financial viability of Acer is scopable as new products and opportunities allow Acer to continue to grow and with this the human talent within the organization. The analysis shows that while Acer products can be copied, people can be poached by other organizations and prices will always be driven down. The source of enduring advantage is the organization itself and the ability to innovate and grow the business in a very competitive environment. For me , the best type of leadership is the mixture of the various styles. Depending upon the need and situation, certain leadership style(s) can work. Healthcare in Mexico is very affordable because they use the free market, and Cuba as I said before lies about their statistics. They have an undocumented infant mortality rate because they don’t count the children who die within the first few hours of life, their hospitals are dilapidated, dirty, and bug infested, and many people who enter Cuban hospitals die from malnutrition. Another home based business idea is ethnic food service. You can serve Ethnic Food for your community at your home. You can charge money for this. If you are good at cooking food this could be a very good business option. Bobbi Purvis and thanks for taking the time to read my article. Hearing aids must be covered for children under the age of 18. Healthcare providers must cover new hearing aids every five years or when the current hearing aid cannot be programmed to suit the changing hearing needs of a child. The Colorado law also requires coverage of auditory therapy, hearing aid adjustments, fittings, and the initial assessment. As to your nauseating “tax cuts for the rich” dogma – both are socialist countries, which has nothing to do with the US passing Obamacare. But more importantly why are you and other liberals so opposed to people succeeding and becoming wealthy by hard work? But yet those “rich” that hold your same views are exempt from your contempt for the rich. It simply reeks of hypocrisy which pollutes your claims.\n\nYou’re missing the mark comparing strict GDP to GDP. You have to compare GDP per capita to GDP per capita, and compare that to healthcare costs. As GDP rises, so does healthcare spending per capita, in every country. That eliminates between 50-75% of the discrepancy alone. Is a graduate of Human Resource Development Management. An office-based staff during weekdays. A writer on the side. When cost leaders become large companies, it can give them sufficient market power to demand price concessions from their suppliers. Walmart is notorious for requiring suppliers, such as Procter & Gamble, to sell goods to Walmart for lower and lower prices over time. In its defence, Walmart invests considerable resources and efforts to help suppliers find ways to reduce costs. Walmart then seeks to pass on most of these savings to customers in the form of reduced prices. Cunningham, J R & Lischeron, J 1991, ‘Defining entrepreneurship’, Journal of Small Business Management, vol. 29, january, pp. 45-59. The rule of thumb is when you have 80 plus full time employees, you warrant having a dedicated full time resource in your own company. Up to that number you can outsource your function to qualified professionals who will achieve the same objectives on a part-time or contract basis. Communication plays a significant role in how business leadership principles are applied. There are various personality styles and management styles that different leaders possess. One type of communication is non-verbal. A company may believe that everyone in the company plays an important role in the companys’ success. A good way for a leader to reinforce that principle is for the leader to be willing to do mundane or less glamorous work on occasion. A leader is always willing to do what he asks his employees or followers to do. Similarly, a regular employee may have some sort of otherwise prominent daily task to perform. Showing by action that every employee and the work they do matters builds morale and strengthens the principle that all employees matter equally. Each generic strategy offers advantages that firms can potentially leverage to enhance their success as well as disadvantages that may undermine their success. In the case of cost leadership, one advantage is that cost leaders’ emphasis on efficiency makes them well positioned to withstand price competition from rivals ( Figure 5.5 Executing a Low-Cost Strategy” ). Kmart and Zellers’s ill-fated attempt to engage Walmart in a price war ended in disaster, in part because Walmart was so efficient in its operations that it could live with smaller profit margins far more easily than Kmart or Zellers could.\n\nPlanning for the retirement at an early age is essential because when you grow older your body needs extra rest and you may find it difficult to continue your regular job. So, in order to live a better post retirement life, you must plan for retirement as early as possible. Type in the name: Tom DeWeese on Agenda 21 for all the information to start your research on the evil that one man, George Soros has dedicated his life to accomplishing, plus a few people in our past and present government. Read and listen to everything he says—it will scare you. Halloween is just around the corner and that means it’s time to break out with the holiday arts and crafts projects. In this article I will show you how to make a family of Jack-lanterns fit to decorate a anyone’s home or office. Besides the fact that the UK system is better than the US one in most ways it’s a flawed comparison because the US spends twice the percentage of it’s GDP than the UK does on healthcare and still gets inferior results. In many companies, upper management is clueless on getting projects completed properly. The project has to be designed in from the beginning, and all teams must be involved even if they don’t come online until later in the project. The final step in setting up a new plumbing business is to implement the strategy. Without a rigorous implementation strategy and plan, all the goal-setting and personal examination of business vision and motivation will just become a distant wish. Implementation plans fall into five basic categories; overall business strategy, financial planning, human resources and communications, sales and marketing, and project management. All businesses must be able to conduct planning with respect to these five regions of business expertise in order to be successful. The current philosophy is represented in the Washington Consensus, trade liberalization, and in agreements such as the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and Trade in Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). What goes on in the name of liberalization actually breaks down the communities and the sense of justice. Today, people who manage to gain good education and skills find themselves constrained by the way the market functions, which decides where they can sell their labor, to whom, for what price, and the manner how it is used. As a result, they are left with little freedom that Sen considers vital for ‘development’. If your company is considering looking for a new vice-president of marketing but you are concerned about whether or not you can afford the salary of such a person, or if you’re looking for a Product Manager, a Product Marketing Manager or a Director Of Product Marketing to lead a team, consider the option of outsourcing this function through a marketing staffing firm who can provide you with this support, on a part time basis.\n\nHere we’ve pulled together a list of those business ideas that are attractive for college students. Like the list above, some — like app developer — require previous experience. But many do not. Like I stated, You are in the middle-class and not the 1% they say will be paying the TAX(penalty). If you were in the 1% you would have all the money you need to buy the house and have health insurance. For the service industry starting own packing and moving service is the first business option. This business requires a team of manpower and expertise in moving home & office materials. The investment required for this business is moderate. Project management covers the whole range of functional management areas. Skills are often required in all of these areas to secure project success. Almost universally, the traditional organisation has been structured as a pyramidal hierarchy with vertical manager-subordinate relationships and departments along functional, geographic or product lines. Authority and formal communication flow down from the top. Departments tend to be highly specialized and operate independently. Traditional organisations become very efficient in what they do and are well suited to a stable environment. They are fairly rigid and therefore less suitable to the unstable and dynamic environments that characterize project situations. Angela Ahrendts became CEO of Burberry in 2006, and since then she has definitely made her mark on the luxury clothing company. At the time of Ahrendts’ appointment, the brand’s iconic tartan design was featured on many of its products, was copied extensively in knock-off merchandise, and had been adopted by B-list celebrities and low-market youth subcultures, all of which poorly impacted the Burberry image. Ahrendts restricted the tartan to a fraction of Burberry’s items, clearing up the brand’s image in the process. What’s more, since she took the helm the clothing company’s stock price has soared by 250 percent, and Burberry has also achieved a notable presence on social media. Twitter and Facebook, for example, see the firm as a brilliant example of progressive thinking. Perhaps it’s no surprise that in 2013 tech giant Apple confirmed that it had signed up Ahrendts to oversee its retail wing as well as online stores from mid-2014 onwards. For the high price we pay we should have the best healthcare and the best outcomes in the world. There’s always a need for accountants and they generally command a decent wage regardless of the company’s fiscal health. Further, accountants can cross over into other areas more easily than vice versa. Conversely, people in management or human resources are totally lost when it comes to the intricate details of an accountant.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5707198977470398}
+{"content": "\n\nHow to buy Equity Commonwealth (EQC) stock\n\nLearn how to easily invest in Equity Commonwealth stock.\n\nEquity Commonwealth\n+$0.25 (+0.95%)\n\nEquity Commonwealth is a reit-office business based in the US. Equity Commonwealth shares (EQC) are listed on the NYSE and all prices are listed in US Dollars. Equity Commonwealth employs 28 staff and has a trailing 12-month revenue of around 0.00.\n\nHow to buy shares in Equity Commonwealth\n\n  3. Confirm your payment details. Fund your account.\n  4. Research the stock. Find the stock by name or ticker symbol – EQC – and research it before deciding if it's a good investment for you.\n\nEquity Commonwealth stock price (NYSE: EQC)\n\nUse our graph to track the performance of EQC stocks over time.\n\nEquity Commonwealth shares at a glance\n\nInformation last updated 2021-07-22.\nLatest market close$27.44\n52-week range$25.72 - $29.29\n50-day moving average $27.20\n200-day moving average $27.91\nWall St. target price$29.25\nPE ratio 380.1429\nDividend yield $1 (3.7%)\nEarnings per share (TTM) $0.07\n\nBuy Equity Commonwealth shares from these brokerages\n\nSofi Invest\nStocks, ETFs, Cryptocurrency\nGet one free stock worth up to $1,000\nOpen an account\nA free way to invest in stocks, ETFs and crypto.\nStocks, Options, ETFs\nOpen an account\nStocks, ETFs\n$0 per month\nOpen an account\nStocks, Options, ETFs\nSign up using the \"go to site\" link\n$0 for US stocks\nStocks, Options, ETFs\n$0 per year\n\nCompare up to 4 providers\n\n*Signup bonus information updated weekly.\n\n\nIs it a good time to buy Equity Commonwealth stock?\n\n\n\nEquity Commonwealth price performance over time\n\nHistorical closes compared with the close of $27.44 from 2021-05-28\n\n1 week (2021-07-17) N/A\n1 month (2021-06-28) 3.24%\n3 months (2021-04-28) -3.38%\n6 months (2021-01-24) N/A\n1 year (2020-07-24) N/A\n2 years (2019-07-24) N/A\n3 years (2018-07-24) N/A\n5 years (2016-07-24) N/A\n\nIs Equity Commonwealth under- or over-valued?\n\nValuing Equity Commonwealth stock is incredibly difficult, and any metric has to be viewed as part of a bigger picture of Equity Commonwealth's overall performance. However, analysts commonly use some key metrics to help gauge the value of a stock.\n\nEquity Commonwealth's P/E ratio\n\nEquity Commonwealth's current share price divided by its per-share earnings (EPS) over a 12-month period gives a \"trailing price/earnings ratio\" of roughly 380x. In other words, Equity Commonwealth shares trade at around 380x recent earnings.\n\n\nEquity Commonwealth's EBITDA\n\nEquity Commonwealth's EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation) is $1.4 million.\n\nThe EBITDA is a measure of a Equity Commonwealth's overall financial performance and is widely used to measure a its profitability.\n\nEquity Commonwealth financials\n\nRevenue TTM $62.3 million\nGross profit TTM $37.4 million\nReturn on assets TTM -0.38%\nReturn on equity TTM 0.48%\nProfit margin 26.51%\nBook value $25.48\nMarket capitalisation $3.2 billion\n\nTTM: trailing 12 months\n\nShorting Equity Commonwealth shares\n\nThere are currently 6.3 million Equity Commonwealth shares held short by investors – that's known as Equity Commonwealth's \"short interest\". This figure is 82.3% up from 3.5 million last month.\n\nThere are a few different ways that this level of interest in shorting Equity Commonwealth shares can be evaluated.\n\nEquity Commonwealth's \"short interest ratio\" (SIR)\n\nEquity Commonwealth's \"short interest ratio\" (SIR) is the quantity of Equity Commonwealth shares currently shorted divided by the average quantity of Equity Commonwealth shares traded daily (recently around 1.6 million). Equity Commonwealth's SIR currently stands at 3.97. In other words for every 100,000 Equity Commonwealth shares traded daily on the market, roughly 3970 shares are currently held short.\n\nHowever Equity Commonwealth's short interest can also be evaluated against the total number of Equity Commonwealth shares, or, against the total number of tradable Equity Commonwealth shares (the shares that aren't held by \"insiders\" or major long-term shareholders – also known as the \"float\"). In this case Equity Commonwealth's short interest could be expressed as 0.05% of the outstanding shares (for every 100,000 Equity Commonwealth shares in existence, roughly 50 shares are currently held short) or 0.0532% of the tradable shares (for every 100,000 tradable Equity Commonwealth shares, roughly 53 shares are currently held short).\n\nSuch a low SIR usually points to an optimistic outlook for the share price, with fewer people currently willing to bet against Equity Commonwealth.\n\nFind out more about how you can short Equity Commonwealth stock.\n\nEquity Commonwealth share dividends\n\nDividend payout ratio: 175% of net profits\n\nRecently Equity Commonwealth has paid out, on average, around 175% of net profits as dividends. That has enabled analysts to estimate a \"forward annual dividend yield\" of 10.69% of the current stock value. This means that over a year, based on recent payouts (which are sadly no guarantee of future payouts), Equity Commonwealth shareholders could enjoy a 10.69% return on their shares, in the form of dividend payments. In Equity Commonwealth's case, that would currently equate to about $1 per share.\n\n\nEquity Commonwealth's most recent dividend payout was on 19 October 2020. The latest dividend was paid out to all shareholders who bought their shares by 29 September 2020 (the \"ex-dividend date\").\n\nHave Equity Commonwealth's shares ever split?\n\nEquity Commonwealth's shares were split on a 1:4 basis on 30 June 2010. So if you had owned 4 shares the day before before the split, the next day you'd have owned 1 share. This wouldn't directly have changed the overall worth of your Equity Commonwealth shares – just the quantity. However, indirectly, the new 300% higher share price could have impacted the market appetite for Equity Commonwealth shares which in turn could have impacted Equity Commonwealth's share price.\n\nEquity Commonwealth share price volatility\n\nOver the last 12 months, Equity Commonwealth's shares have ranged in value from as little as $25.7167 up to $29.29. A popular way to gauge a stock's volatility is its \"beta\".\n\nBeta is a measure of a share's volatility in relation to the market. The market (NYSE average) beta is 1, while Equity Commonwealth's is 0.2873. This would suggest that Equity Commonwealth's shares are less volatile than average (for this exchange).\n\nEquity Commonwealth overview\n\nEquity Commonwealth (NYSE: EQC) is a Chicago based, internally managed and self-advised real estate investment trust (REIT) with commercial office properties in the United States. EQC's same property portfolio is comprised of 4 properties and 1. 5 million square feet. .\n\nFrequently asked questions\n\nWhat percentage of Equity Commonwealth is owned by insiders or institutions?\nCurrently 2.315% of Equity Commonwealth shares are held by insiders and 96.812% by institutions.\nHow many people work for Equity Commonwealth?\nLatest data suggests 28 work at Equity Commonwealth.\nWhen does the fiscal year end for Equity Commonwealth?\nEquity Commonwealth's fiscal year ends in December.\nWhere is Equity Commonwealth based?\nEquity Commonwealth's address is: Two North Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL, United States, 60606\nWhat is Equity Commonwealth's ISIN number?\nEquity Commonwealth's international securities identification number is: US2946281027\nWhat is Equity Commonwealth's CUSIP number?\nEquity Commonwealth's Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures number is: 203233101\n\nMore guides on Finder\n\nAsk an Expert\n\nYou are about to post a question on\n\n  • We cannot provide you with personal advice or recommendations\n\n\nGo to site", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999771237373352}
+{"content": "21 July 2020\n\nMeal Plan Monday {July 20}\n\nHey y'all,\n\nI hope you had a wonderful weekend. I just hung out around here and it was so enjoyable to just have a very restful weekend. I am still not in a big cooking mood with the heat of summer in NC - Sunday it was 93 with a heat index of 106! Here are this week's meals:\n\n\nHam, Turkey, and Bacon Wrap with Fries\nPenne Aurora with Caesar Salad\n\n\nTurkey Burger, Cucumber and Tomato Salad, Fruit\nChicken Caesar Salad\n\n\nTurkey Wrap. Veggie Straws.\nPenne Aurora with Caesar Salad\n\nHere's my mom's Caesar Salad recipe. It's very simple and easy to customize to your taste.\n\nMy Mom's Caesar Salad Recipe\n\n2-3 cloves of garlic\n1 tsp black pepper\n1 tbs lemon juice\n1 egg coddled for 1 minute\nabout 1/4 cup of olive oil - this is to taste I typically use about 1/3 of a cup of oil for a double batch\n1/4 - 1/2 cup of grated parmesan \n\nMix the garlic, pepper, and lemon juice. Add the coddled egg. Drizzle in the olive oil while whisking. Finally add in the grated parmesan. Use a piece of remain lettuce to taste test and edit measurements as needed.\n\n\nGrilled Chicken. DF Macaroni and Cheese. Mashed Potatoes\nBreakfast for Dinner - pancakes, sausage, scrambled eggs, fruit\n\n\nPenne Aurora with Caesar Salad\nGrilled Chicken. DF Macaroni and Cheese. Mashed Potatoes\n\n\nTacos. I use this recipe for taco meat.\n\n\nChicken Salad with Simple Mills crackers\n\nWhat are you making this week?\n\n\n1 comment\n\n  1. How weird is that, that we both made and pictured penne alla vodka this week!? I need to meal plan more. Thanks for the recipe!\n\n\nThank you for your sweet message!\n\nJust Jessica. Design by Berenica Designs.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8371514081954956}
+{"content": "Qi in Chinese Medicine\n\nQi in Chinese Medicine\n\nChinese: 气      Pinyin:\n\nSummary: In Chinese Medicine, Qi is the basis of all. A human body and mind are at their core Qi in its various manifestations interacting with each others. These manifestations range from the material (e.g. Bodily Fluids) to the the totally immaterial, such as the Mind (Shen).\n\nMore generally in Chinese philosophy Qi is at the basis of all phenomena in the universe. When most Western philosophies differentiate between the material and immaterial, Qi is seen as the origin of the infinite variety of phenomena in the universe.\n\nPatterns: View patterns of disharmony that affect Qi\n\n\n\nNomenclature of Qi\n\nDiagram of how Qi gets generated in Chinese Medicine\n\nQi has different names depending on its sources, roles, and locations. When you look at sources, there is a distinction between Original Qi (also  called Prenatal Qi or Inborn Qi) and Qi acquired throughout one's life. Original Qi is inherited from our parents. It is made up of an Essence called 'Jing' (精) and is stored in our Kidneys.\n\nAfter we're born, Qi gets constantly replenished with the so-called 'Gathering Qi' which is itself composed of both 'Clean Air' and 'Grain Qi' (also called Food Qi). Grain Qi refers to the Qi extracted by the Spleen from the foods we eat and water we drink. Clean Air refers to the air we breathe after it's been filtered by our Lungs. Combined together,  Original Qi and Gathering Qi forms the so-called 'True Qi' or 'Normal Qi'. \n\nLooking at roles, Qi is divided into ‘Defensive Qi’ and ‘Nutritive Qi’. Nutritive Qi flows in parallel with the bloodstream. Its role is to nourish body tissues and to generate Blood. Defensive Qi's role is, like the name implies, to defend the body against ’Evil‘ invasions. As such it is present in all places of the body that are susceptible to sustain such invasions. This means the skin, the outside of Organs, around the muscles and so on and so forth.\n\nLastly, Qi can be further classified based on the Organs or Channels where it resides. Qi is a core constituent of each Organ and it is tasked with maintaining its normal function. It is present in all Zang-Fu Organs and it is named after the Organ where it resides such as 'Liver Qi', 'Lung Qi', 'Spleen Qi' and etc.\n\nThe Qi that resides in Channels is also tasked with maintaining their normal function. Each one of the 'Twelve normal Channels' and 'Eight extraordinary Vessels' has its own Qi such as 'Liver Channel Qi' or 'Governing Vessel Qi'. Qi in both the Organs and the Channels is always derived from 'Gathering Qi'. It gets continuously replenished throughout one's life.\n\nRoles of Qi\n\nIn the context of Chinese Medicine Qi fulfills five main roles:\n\n  1. A 'Promotion' role: a bit like soil promotes the development of plants, Qi promotes the essential functions of Organs and Channels in the human body. That's why Chinese Medicine texts often refer to it as the 'root of life'. It's important to note that this promotion role behaves differently based on where Qi resides. For instance 'Lung Qi' promotes respiration and regulates Body Fluids passage while 'Kidney Qi' promotes growth and development of the body as well as reproduction.\n  2. A 'Warming' role: Qi is tasked with warming the body and it is in general the source of any Heat in the body. That's because of this warming role that Qi is believed to be Yang in nature. \n  3. A 'Defensive' role: Qi has the role of defending the human body against invasions such as pathogens or one of the so-called 'Six Evils' (Wind, Cold, Summer Heat, Dampness, Dryness and Heat)\n  4. A 'Holding' role: this means that Qi prevents liquid substances such as Blood or Body Fluids from leaking beyond normal physiological behavior. Concretely this means that Qi will for instance 'hold' Blood inside the veins or control the amount of secretion of other Fluids like saliva, sweat or urine.\n  5. A 'Transforming' role: this refers to the metabolism of substances in the body that are caused by Qi. For instance via the action of Qi, water will be transformed into sweat and urine. Similarly Qi induces the metabolism of other substances like Blood, semen or even itself, Qi.\n\nPathological manifestations of Qi issues\n\nThere are various manifestations of Qi related issues. In general, it can be divided into 'Qi Deficiency, 'Qi Collapse', 'Qi Stagnation' and 'Qi Reversal'. \n\nQi Deficiency simply means lack of Qi. It includes the lack of Original Qi, Nutritive Qi, Defensive Qi or the Qi that resides in Organs or Channels. It mainly manifests itself in a weakened function of Organs and a declining ability of the body to resist diseases. Clinical symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, pale tongue, weak pulse, etc. The treatment method should be to supply Qi via a change of diet or specialized Chinese herbs.\n\nA 'Qi Collapse' is when the power of Qi to hold Organs in place is weakened due to lack of Qi. The clearest sign of a Qi Collapse is that one's Organs will tend to sunk in the body. Clinical manifestations include abdominal distention or rectal or uterine prolapse accompanied by symptoms of Qi Deficiency.  A 'Qi Collapse' is most often due to a lack of Spleen Qi and treatment consists in supplying Qi in order to 'lift what sank'.\n\n'Qi Stagnation' (or called Qi Blockage) refers to Qi get Stagnated in one's body. This results in impaired functions of the Organs and clinical manifestations include severe and painful swelling, chest tightness or abdominal distension. To treat a Qi Stagnation one should use Chinese Medicine methods that promote smooth flow of Qi such as specialized massages or Chinese herbal Medicine. \n\n'Qi Reversal' means that the \"Gathering Qi\" doesn't go down in the body anymore. This results in symptoms such as excessive coughing, hiccups or vomiting. In short signs that things are ascending in your body rather than descending. The treatment principle should be to use methods to push Qi down in your body.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8778104186058044}
+{"content": "Medigy: Telemedicine\n\nTelemedicine is a remote healthcare care service that involves the use of telecommunications technology to provide healthcare services to patients outside the traditional healthcare settings. The telemedicine technology is a means of providing healthcare services to patients who live in remote areas and have limited healthcare providers. Telemed services provide to patients via different sources, including video-conferencing, text messaging, smartphones, tablets, and computers. A telemedicine consultation requires mainly two essential things: a web camera and a secure patient portal. The web camera is necessary for virtual visits via video-conferencing, while the patient portal connects a healthcare provider to a secure patient database (EMR) via the internet.\n\nKnow anyone building innovative solutions for Centers for Medigy: Telemedicine\n\nTopic Community Insights\n\nTotal: 287 Product: 72 Solution: 109 Service: 9 News: 1 Events: 39\n\nMedigy: Telemedicine Topic Insights", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.994547963142395}
+{"content": "It's a normal life event in extraordinary times. Here's Lorna, a midwife at the NMH who shares why she loves her job and how the COVID-19 crisis has impacted her role.\n\nLorna has worked at The NMH for the past 15 years. Lorna speaks of the challenges the pandemic presented to the hospital, how difficult it has been wearing PPE during delivery in the COVID-19 ward and how much staff have struggled with not being able to give hugs and physical support to women, especially while they are in labour. Lorna also speaks about the dads, who have had to either sit in their cars or wait at home for news from the hospital on how their partner is doing.\n\nLorna reminds us of life a few short months ago and how it all changed so quickly and dramatically for everyone. \"As we awaited the arrival of our 1st New Year's baby, no one knew what 2020 was going to bring. There was no dress-rehearsal, we had to immediately make it as 'normal' as possible for all our mums-to-be and mums.\"\n\nVideo by Through the Pane", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6349472403526306}
+{"content": "Soda ash is typically used to raise pH, and will often raise alkalinity as well.\n\nThe Water Quality Association defines alkalinity as “the quantitative capacity of water to neutralize an acid.” In other words, it's a measurement of how much acid can be added to water without changing its pH.\n\nAlkalinity in water is usually made up of bicarbonate (HC03), carbonate (CO3) and/or Hydroxide (OH), but phosphates and silicates can also play a role.\n\nAlthough alkalinity is related to pH, it isn't the same thing. High levels of alkalinity stabilize the pH, but water does not have to have a high pH to have a high level of alkalinity. As alkalinity is the capacity of water to neutralize its acidic content, alkalinity therefore measures how much acid can be added to a water body without changing the pH level significantly.\n\nAlkalinity is not regulated as a water contaminant, but it is often tested since it is a factor in amending and controlling pH.\n\nWater Treatment for Alkalinity\n\nIn most cases, there is no reason to want to alter the water's alkalinity itself, but changing alkalinity is often involved in changing the pH. Neutralizing treatments with such items as Soda Ash or limestone (calcite) usually raise the alkalinity level as well as the pH.\n\nAcid Demand\n\nAcid demand can be defined as the amount of acid needed to reduce the pH level of water. This is strongly affected by the alkalinity of the water—the higher the alkalinity, the more acid needed to lower the pH.\n\nAcid demand is frequently measured in swimming pool applications by a test known as an acid demand test. These are usually titration tests, where a reagent is added to the test solution and the drops are counted to determine the demand. Results of the test are then applied to a specific amount of water to determine what amount of acid to add to the water to achieve the desired pH.\n\nAcids that are commonly used for lowering pH in residential water treatment are citric acid, muriatic acid, and vinegar. Muriatic acid and sodium bisulfate are commonly used to reduce pH and alkalinity in swimming pools.\n\nPhoto source:\n\nSite Index\n\nFiltration Systems\n\n\n\nWater Treatment Information\n\nProduct Information\n\nPlease type in your e-mail to receive our newsletter,\nThe Pure Water Occasional.\n\n0 items, total: $00.00", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7797222137451172}
+{"content": "ARSciAdvances in Reproductive Sciences2330-0744Scientific Research Publishing10.4236/arsci.2021.91008ARSci-106374ArticlesMedicine&Healthcare A Comparison of One Hour versus Two-Hour Postprandial Glycemic Control during Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study Carried out at Antenatal Ward Teaching Hospital Peradeniya, Sri Lanka W.M. M. P. B. Wanasinghe1*R.M. C. J. Ratnayake2Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya, Sri LankaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka151220200901698030, November 20201, January 2021 4, January 2021© Copyright 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. 2014This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).\n\nBackground It is well known that both pre-excising and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy is associated with multiple maternal and fetal complications. There are various guidelines developed to reduce these complications, yet there is no universal agreement regarding the ideal management. For those with pre-exciting or gestational diabetes mellitus, the control of blood sugar is assessed either with 1st-hour post-prandial blood sugar values or with the 2nd-hour post-prandial blood sugar values. Objective To compare the long-term blood glucose control (HbA1c values) of pregnant women by utilizing results of 1-hour postprandial blood sugar values against 2-hour post-prandial blood sugar values, in the antenatal ward at the professorial unit, Teaching Hospital Peradeniya. Materials and Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out among 138 pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, who were managed in two different clinics at the professorial unit, Teaching Hospital Peradeniya. The blood glucose control in group 1 (n = 69) was assessed and optimized with 1st-hour postprandial blood sugar values and group 2 (n = 69) was evaluated with 2nd-hour postprandial values throughout the pregnancies. Following delivery, all subjects were reassessed with blood HbA1c and analyzed with the independent t-test. Feto-maternal complications were analyzed and evaluated using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square tests. Results Of the subjects, 97.1% were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. The mean value of HbA1c for group 1, managed with 1st-hour blood glucose values was 5.73 and 6.04 (p = 0.02) respectively for group 2. Fetal macrosomia was also significantly (p < 0.01) low in the 1-hour blood sugar control group. Conclusion Long-term control of blood sugar was significantly superior among the subjects managed with 1st-hour postprandial blood sugars with a statistically significant reduction in foetal macrosomia.\n\nGestational Diabetes Fetal Macrosomia Pre-Eclampsia\n1. Introduction\n\nDiabetes during pregnancy (pregestational or gestational) is a leading cause of maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy [1]. Dietary advice, self-monitoring of blood glucose and insulin therapy have shown to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes in mothers diagnosed with diabetes at 24 th - 28th week of gestation [2] [3].\n\nGlycemic target recommendations for the management of pregnant women with diabetes from international professional organisations for maternal glycaemic control vary widely. Various methods of glucose monitoring such as fasting, pre-prandial, postprandial, and mean 24-hour blood glucose concentrations are suggested. However, the best timing of the postprandial measurements, that is, 1-hour postprandial blood sugar control with a target value of <7.8 mmol/l1 or 2-hour control with a target value of <6.4 mmol/l1 after meals is yet to be established. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess whether the timing of measurements concerning postprandial blood sugar control has an effect on glycaemic control and to discover which postprandial glucose measurement (1-hour postprandial blood sugar control or 2-hour control) is associated with better HbA1c values, in turn, the glycaemic control of women.\n\nA study similar by Weisz et al. 2005 has shown no significant difference between the two times of measuring glucose on glycaemic control indicated by HbA1c or perinatal outcomes [4]. However, they have taken the values of capillary post-meal glucose levels using glucometers and the procedure under different environmental conditions. In our study, the post-meal plasma glucose values were assessed with a more standardized manner and more accurate indications of exact post-meal values were taken into account. Weisz et al. have also indicated that patients managed with 2-hour glucose required more frequent insulin therapy [4]. The tight glycaemic control and reduced incidence of complications are a fact. But in the above study, perinatal outcomes weren’t significantly different in the two groups managed with 2-hour post-meal capillary glucose values who had undergone strict glycaemic control with insulin. Because of variations in the methodologies used to measure glucose concentrations self-monitoring blood glucose measuring devices (Capillary blood), continuous blood glucose measuring devices (interstitial fluid glucose levels) and laboratory analysis (Venous plasma) results of the many studies are difficult to be compared. Thus, this study intended to recruit more subjects with standard laboratory analytic methods.\n\nThe neonatal complications, including hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and respiratory compromise have been described in infants born to women with gestational diabetes, particularly with poor glycemic control [5], this further emphasizes the need of optimal glycemic control during pregnancy. A study about the number of abnormal plasma Glucose Tolerance Test values and feto-maternal outcomes has concluded that increasing number of abnormal values is associated with feto-maternal outcomes in diabetic pregnancy [6].\n\nTherefore, this study is designed to add further evidence concerning optimal glycemic control during pregnancy in a Sri Lankan-Southeast Asian setting, where this has not been studied previously.\n\n2. Materials and Methods\n\nThis analysis was conducted as a prospective cohort study at the professorial unit, antenatal ward of the Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya from June 2017 to December 2017. An ethical clearance (2017/EC/19) was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya. The minimum sample size was 138 subjects with a confidence interval of 95 and a precision of 0.05 for a prevalence of 10%. Hence within a period of six months, all pregnant women visiting the antenatal ward of the Teaching Hospital Peradeniya for blood sugar series, between 32 - 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled voluntarily to achieve the sample size necessitated. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in the study, following adequate and necessary explanation.\n\nPregnant women with abnormal OGTT values (≥5.6 mmol/l or 2-hour value ≥ 7.8 mmol/l), which is diagnostic for gestational diabetes (GDM) and those pregnant mothers who are previously diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled to the study after obtaining informed consent. Pregnant women with normal values in 28-week OGTT and pregnant mothers who did not give consent were excluded from the study.\n\nThe blood samples were collected as described below. Patient preparation followed the common guidelines for Blood Sugar Series (BSS) testing. The women were advised to take their recommended meals and avoid aggressive physical activity before attending the postprandial blood sugar testing. The study population was divided into two groups, group 1 where the pregnant women’s blood sugar control was managed with 1st-hour postprandial blood sugar values with a target to control blood sugar values < 7.8 mmol/l1 and group 2, managed with 2nd-hour values, with a target to control blood sugar values < 6.4 mmol/l1; the decision to follow up with 1st hour or 2nd hour was decided by the relevant consultant. Blood was drawn after 1-hour after meals in-group 1 in which control was achieved with 1st-hour values and 2 hours after meals in-group 2 where control was achieved with 2d hour values. Another Blood sample was collected at delivery for HbA1c analysis in both groups.\n\nStandard pre-tested questionnaire (Appendix 1) designed by the authors and medical records were used to collect demographic data, BMI, age, gestation age of pregnant women and feto-maternal outcomes, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire was tested and confirmed after a pilot study. The feto-maternal outcomes were compared with the timings of postprandial glucose measurement and glycosylated haemoglobin values and mean values for HbA1c were calculated for each group. The Independent t-test was used to compare the means of both groups and Chi-square tests were used to analyse categorical data.\n\n3. Results\n\nBasic characteristics of the study population\n\nA total of 69 pregnant women were recruited for group-1 where blood sugar control was optimized depending on the 1st-hour post-prandial blood glucose levels. The age range in this group was 18 to 42 years. There were 4.3% teenage pregnancies and the majority (40.2%) comprised of women aged over 35 (Figure 1).\n\nAnother 69 pregnancies were used in group-2 where the blood sugar control was optimized depending on the 2nd-hour post-prandial blood glucose levels. The age range in this group was similar to group-1 with 36.1% of women over the age of 35 and only 3% of teenage pregnancies (Figure 2).\n\nA majority (44%) of the women in group-1 belonged to the pre-obesity group [7] while 31% of the women were within the normal BMI range, with 5% of women categorised as underweight, 13%, 4% and 3% fell into obesity classes I, II and III respectively (Figure 3). In group-2 pre-obesity and normal weight groups [7] comprised of 38%, while 6% of women were categorised as underweight, 12%, 4% and 3% fell into obesity classes I, II and III sequentially (Figure 4). In both groups a majority of women did not have pre-existing diabetes, only 23% had pre-exciting diabetes mellitus in group-1 and 27% in group-2.\n\nHbA1c values in the study population\n\nConcerning women in group 1, the majority (53.03%) were below the HbA1c of 5.7% (39 mmol/mol) where control was satisfactory and the probability of having diabetes mellitus was low1. 40.91% had HbA1c between 5.7% - 6.4% (39 - 47 mmol/mol) where the risk of developing diabetes mellitus was high. The remaining 6.06% had HbA1c above 6.5% (>48 mmol/mol), these women were advised they had type 2 diabetes and referred for further care.\n\nIn group 2, 33.8% were below the HbA1c of 5.7% (39 mmol/mol) while 38.3% had HbA1c between 5.7% - 6.4% (39 - 47 mmol/mol). The remaining 27.9% had HbA1c of levels 6.5% (>48 mmol/mol) or higher and similarly these women were referred for further care after counselling.\n\nThe difference of mean values of HbA1c obtained from the two groups was statistically significant (p = 0.02) when analysed using the independent t-test.\n\nDelivery outcomes and feto-maternal complications in the study population\n\nA large proportion (85.2%) of the deliveries took place beyond 36+6 weeks of gestation in both groups and most of the deliveries occurred as normal vaginal deliveries, 57% in group-1 and 54% in group-2 (Figure 5, Figure 6).\n\nThe LSCS rates (p = 0.735) were not statistically significant between the two groups when analysed using the chi-square test. Foetal birth weight ranged from 2 Kg to 4.5 Kg and foetal macrosomia [8] was detected in 6% of the neonates delivered in group 1, while 14.7% pregnancies ended up with low birthweight babies [9]. Group 2 also had the same foetal birth weight range. However, 10% of the neonates in group 2 had macrosomia and 10.3% neonates had a low birth weight. The occurrence of foetal macrosomia was significantly (p < 0.01) low in the one-hour postprandial blood sugar control group when analysed using the chi-square test. There were no reported stillbirths in both groups during the study period while the shoulder dystocia occurrence was 1.4% in group-1 and\n\n5.8% in group 2, the occurrence of shoulder dystocia was not statistically significant (p = 0.062) nonetheless. Hypoglycaemic episodes were experienced by 6% of neonates e in group -1 and by 8% in group 2, yet the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.2126). Furthermore, the occurrence of congenital malformations was 4% and 3% in group-1 and group-2 respectively with a statistically insignificant difference (p = 0.208). Lastly, during the follow up 7.4% of pregnant mothers were reported to have developed pre-eclampsia in group-1 and 8.8% in group-2. Nevertheless, the difference was not statically significant.\n\n4. Discussion\n\nRole of HbA1c in the assessment of glycaemic control in pregnancy\n\nThe National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has introduced target ranges (Fasting blood sugar, and targets for 1st and 2nd-hour postprandial) for blood glucose monitoring during pregnancy.1 However, due to practical reasons, it is difficult to follow up and optimize blood glucose levels using all three recommended values. This gives rise to the question, as to whether the use of the 1st or 2nd-hour values is more advantageous with regards to glucose optimization during pregnancies.\n\nAccording to Chaudry, R et al. [10], during pregnancy the HbA1c reflects the glycaemic control over the last 6 to 8 weeks, owing to shortened life span and increased turnover rate of red blood cells during the pregnancy. Therefore, in comparison to a non-pregnant state where the HbA1c reflects the mean blood glucose concentration of the preceding 8 - 12 weeks, its interpretation is adversely affected by the pregnancy state. However, it can be used to assess the preceding 6 - 8 weeks of the delivery, which is a critical period where both the foetus and the mother are susceptible to adverse pregnancy outcomes.\n\nThere are other serum markers which undergo non-enzymatic glycation, providing end glycosylation products enabling measurements that reflect one’s glycaemic control. For example, a good correlation was noted with fructosamine levels with that of HbA1c yet, an inter-personal variation of fructosamine was comparatively higher than HbA1c, hence, a much larger increment is needed for a significant change to occur [10]. As the turnover rate is higher for proteins bound to albumin compared to haemoglobin (28 compared to 120 days for haemoglobin) the fructosamine levels reflect mean blood glucose over the last 1 - 2 weeks only [10]. Therefore, in this clinical setting HbA1c was considered as the investigation of choice.\n\nEpidemiological factors of the study population\n\nIn terms of age distribution, a significant proportion of the participants were recognised as over 35 years and these pregnant women were susceptible to the risk of developing gestational diabetes due attributes such as their older age and their South-Asian ethnicity.\n\nThose who were already being diagnosed with pre-existing diabetes, as a consequence of being diabetic for an extended period, were deemed more vulnerable to both microscopic and macroscopic complications. [11] and in turn, were probable to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes [12]. The prevalence of pre-existing diabetes is nearly equivalent in both groups and it is presumed to not have contributed to any bias towards the study results. Similarly, the gestational age which the majority of the deliveries occurred was also compatible in both groups. Therefore, when comparing the perinatal outcomes of the two groups there were lesser chances of bias against one group.\n\nHbA1c in 1st hour versus 2nd hour postprandial blood sugar optimization groups\n\nThe results depict a significantly lower (p = 0.02) mean HbA1c value of 5.7284% for the 1st-hour postprandial glucose optimization group (Table 1) compared to the 2nd-hour control group. Therefore, during the preceding 6 - 8 weeks of delivery, the overall control of blood sugar values was superior in the group where the treatment was adjusted based on 1st-hour postprandial glucose values.\n\nThis effect was seen even though the 1st-hour postprandial blood sugar optimization group had a predominant number of pregnant women classified under the pre-obesity category and a small minority of pregnant women with a normal BMI in contrast to the 2nd-hour blood sugar optimisation group.\n\nSince many pregnancy complications (large for gestational age, stillbirths, shoulder dystocia during delivery etc.) occur during the second half of the pregnancy [12] we have concentrated mainly on the optimisation of blood sugar control during the latter half of the pregnancy.\n\nHbA1c values of 1<sup>st</sup> and 2nd-hour postprandial blood sugar control group\nGroupNMeanStd. DeviationStd. Error Mean\nHbA1C1st-hour postprandial blood sugar control group695.72840.472590.05731\nHbA1C2nd-hour postprandial blood sugar control group696.03790.635080.07701\n\nFeto-maternal outcomes in 1st hour versus 2nd hour postprandial blood sugar optimization groups\n\nThe occurrence of foetal macrosomia was significantly (p < 0.01) less in the 1st-hour postprandial blood glucose control group, these findings are in line with that of Combs, C et al., [13] further emphasising the importance of 1st-hour postprandial blood sugar optimization in glycaemic control in pregnancy. Post-natal hypoglycaemia is one of the most important metabolic complications related to hyperglycaemia in pregnancy, which should be anticipated and screened for [14]. In this study, the occurrence of hypoglycaemic episodes of newborns was relatively less (6% compared to 8%) in the 1st-hour blood sugar control group but the variance was not statistically different. Therefore, the occurrence of postnatal hypoglycaemia may not be affected by the timing of glucose optimization, but further research with larger sample size is required to conclude or refute this argument. Diabetic embryopathy causing the occurrence of congenital malformation occurs mainly before the seventh week of gestation where it is mainly affected by pre-gestational glycaemic control [1] [15]. However, the occurrence of congenital malformations was compared between the two groups and there was no significant difference. Moreover, the occurrence of these malformations was <5% in both groups and it may indicate good pre-conception care for those with pre-existing diabetes mellitus. The findings of Holmes, V. et al. [16] demonstrated that women who ended up with pre-eclampsia had higher HbA1c values before and during the pregnancy period, suggesting the importance of optimal glycaemic control both before the pregnancy as well as throughout the pregnancy. During our research, there was no significant difference with the occurrence of pre-eclampsia among the two groups.\n\n5. Limitations\n\nIn this study, we have taken into consideration the glycemic control of the preceding 6 - 8 weeks of the delivery with the aid of HbA1c. Therefore, it limits our ability to make conclusions about the entire pregnancy period about glycemic control and some of its effects. For example, we cannot get an idea about the blood sugar control concerning the second trimester and early third trimesters where there may be some fetal and maternal effects.\n\nThe indications of cesarean sections were not analyzed therefore we cannot conclude whether impaired glycemic control and its effects led to increasing cesarean deliveries or whether it is due to some other reason.\n\nThe ethnic differences, their lifestyle differences and patients perspective of the glycemic control was not addressed, which is an important factor before implementing guidelines to relevant societies.\n\n6. Conclusions\n\nLong-term control of blood sugar was significantly superior among the subjects managed with 1st-hour postprandial blood sugars with statistically significant favourable HbA1c results and reduced the occurrence of fetal macrosomia.\n\nFurther research is needed to assess the glycaemic control through the pregnancy, 1st-hour blood glucose optimisation to that of 2nd-hour blood glucose optimisation. Besides, in detail analysis of fetal effects and caesarean section indication should be addressed by future research.\n\n\nNo funds.\n\n\nI would like to thank Prof. S.U.B. Thennakoon, Professor in Community Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, for the statistical, for the advice given on statistical analysis of the data & Ms. M.R.S. Muhandirum Research assistant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Peradeniya for assisting data collection.\n\nConflicts of Interest\n\n\nCite this paper\n\nWanasinghe, W.M.M.P.B. and Ratnayake, R.M.C.J. (2021) A Comparison of One Hour versus Two-Hour Postprandial Glycemic Control during Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study Carried out at Antenatal Ward Teaching Hospital Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Advances in Reproductive Sciences, 9, 69-80.\n\nAppendix 1\n\n\nComparison of postprandial blood glucose 1 h VS. 2 h\n\nPatients Record\n\n1) Patients Name:\n\n2) Age:\n\n3) Date of Birth:\n\n4) Occupation:\n\n5) Contact no:\n\n6) Clinic No:\n\nGestational Age.\n\n\n\nPre-existing diabetes.\n\nOral glucose tolerance test values (OGTT).\n\nStandard Laboratory venous plasma glucose values\n\nPostpartum maternal HbA1c value.\n\nFeto-maternal outcome determination\n\nFetal birth weight…………….\n\nHead circumference…………….\n\n\nShoulder diameter………………\n\nReferencesNICE (2015) Diabetes in Pregnancy: Management from Preconception to the Postnatal Period. 1-Recommendations. Guidance and Guidelines. NICE.Kinsley, B. (2007) Achieving Better Outcomes in Pregnancies Complicated by Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical Therapeutics, 29, S153-S160., C.J. (2011) Controversies in Gestational Diabetes. Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 25, 37-49., V., Young, I., Patterson, C., Pearson, D., Walker, J., Maresh, M. and McCance, D. (2011) Optimal Glycemic Control, Pre-Eclampsia, and Gestational Hypertension in Women with Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes and Pre-Eclampsia Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care, 34, 1683-1688. C. ,et al. (2005)Congenital Malformations Associated with Maternal Diabetes Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 44, 1-7.Stanescu, A.S. (2014) Neonatal Hypoglycemia Screening in Newborns from Diabetic Mothers—Arguments and Controversies. Journal of Medicine and Life, 7, 51-52., C., Gunderson, E., Kitzmiller, J., Gavin, L. and Main, E. (1992) Relationship of Fetal Macrosomia to Maternal Postprandial Glucose Control during Pregnancy. Diabetes Care, 15, 1251-1257., T., Xiang, A. and Page, K. (2012) Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Risks and Management during and after Pregnancy. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 8, 639-649., S., Woodward, M., Li, Q., Cooper, M., Hamet, P., Harrap, S., Heller, S., Marre, M., Patel, A., Poulter, N., Williams, B. and Chalmers, J. (2014) Impact of Age, Age at Diagnosis and Duration of Diabetes on the Risk of Macrovascular and Microvascular Complications and Death in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetologia, 57, 2465-2474., R., Gilby, P. and Carroll, P. (2007) Pre-Existing (Type 1 and Type 2) Diabetes in Pregnancy. Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine, 17, 339-344. College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists (2013) Small-for-Gestational-Age Fetus, Investigation and Management (Green-Top Guideline No. 31)., S.K., Olog, A., Spinks, A.B., Cameron, C.M., Searle, J. and McClure, R.J. (2010) Risk Factors and Obstetric Complications of Large for Gestational Age Births with Adjustments for Community Effects: Results from a New Cohort Study. BMC Public Health, 10, 460. (2018) Body Mass Index BMI., M., Brezinka, C. and Lechleitner, M. (2003) The Number of Abnormal Plasma Glucose Values in the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and the Feto-Maternal Outcome of Pregnancy. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 108, 131-136., A., et al. (2004) The Postprandial Glucose Profile in the Diabetic Pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 191, 576-581., B., et al. (2005) One Hour versus Two Hours Postprandial Glucose Measurement in Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Study. Journal of Perinatology, 25, 241-244.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8954896926879883}
+{"content": "\nUser manual\n\nUser manual FutureVideo\n\nSearch your instruction manual in PDF to download\n\nUser Manuals for FutureVideo\n\nLooking for help with a FutureVideo product? Have you lost your user manual? Download the FutureVideo manual in which you will find instructions on how to install, use, maintain and service your product. Find your instruction manual using the search button, or by searching for the specific FutureVideo product in the relevant category.\n\nChoose the category:\nSerial/Control Cables & Adapters - Keyboard Accessories - Recorders & Duplication - Jog Shuttle Controllers - Solid State Recorder Accessories - Solid State Recorder Accessories - Production Switchers\n\nShowing: 1-10 productsTotal: 37 products\n1 | | |\nFutureVideo V-Station HD Studio8 DVR System\nRating: 5 of 5\nFutureVideo V-Station HD Studio8 DVR System vzqyqqxs Table of Contents ...\n1 | | |\nShowing: 1-10 productsTotal: 37 products\n\nRequest for user manual\n\nI’m looking for a manual / Request for manual\n\nCurrent requests for instruction manuals:\n\nschrade i-quip 180...\nSling AirTV...\nManual om Polaroid ISO49 camera. Thank you...\n\nLatest contributions to the discussion:\n\nDoes not work\nName: Wizzer40\nBRESSER Bird Feeder Camera\nGot this as a gift. No top provided. Been charging the battery but can't tell if the power is on or off when I put it in the feeder. Not sure it is working at all. ...\nYamaha A-S501 Integrated Amplifier\nHi. Mr./ Mrs. I owned a yamaha integrated amplifier A-S501. I want to built a new loudspeaker cabinet. What does the term 'damping factor of 240' means? Is the amplifier capacity is 240 watts? Is this amplifier equipped with a 6 ohms/ 8 ohms function for loudspeakers? Should ...\nAdonit Dash3 won charging\nName: sandy v\nAdonit Dash 3 Stylus\nMy Adonit dash3 pen won charging, I have replace the charging platform but still uncharge, Is anyone ever have to same problem ? and how to solve it. ...\nServo slow zoom / Auto iris not working\nName: Adam Ney\nCanon KJ20x8.2B KRSD 8.2-164mm HDgc ENG\nHello, Sent the camera lens and servo in to get fixed a couple months ago but it seems the servo zoom and auto iris still aren't working. The zoom works fine initally but gets slower and slower as the camera stays in use. The auto iris doesn't work at all still. Any troublesh...\nPMP 2000D and karioki\nName: Ron Henderson\nBehringer PMP2000D - 2000W 14-Channel Powered\nI have a PMH 1000 but I fried the power supply so I purchased the new PMP 2000D for a mobile studio. Anyway the PMH 1000 had a karioki mode. is there anyway I can use the PMP 2000D for karioki???... if not can you please tell me how much power I need to power just the mixing boar...\n\nPDF User Manuals\n\nDetail - Microsoft Surface Dock upload/ microsoft-surface-dock-187642-user-manual.pdf\n\nWhat our users say about us:\n\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5165228843688965}
+{"content": "Many Nurse Anesthetists are Struggling with Abuse and Addiction\n\nMany nurse anesthetists are struggling with abuse and addiction\n\nIt is a fact that certain professions attract drug abuse or addictions; one of these professions is nurse anesthetists. These individuals typically work in operating rooms, maternity wards, emergency rooms, dental clinics, etc. They are responsible for administering anesthesia to patients who are undergoing surgery or are experiencing pain.\n\nAn increasing number of nurse anesthetists throughout countries like the US and UK are dying from overdoses or being entered into treatment centers for an addiction. Medical communities are becoming increasingly worried about this situation and are calling for urgent measures to stop this growing problem.\n\nThree Different Hypotheses\n\nSo why are nurse anesthetists more prone to drug abuse and addiction? Below are three different hypotheses that many professionals believe are the reasons why nurse anesthetists are so prone to drug abuse and addiction.\n\nNurse Anesthetists Have Access to Addictive Substances\n\nAnesthesiology is the only medical profession in which the nurses and physicians draw up, label, and account for the drugs; thus they have great opportunities to take and abuse those substances. There are various policies that nurse anesthetists must follow which make taking the drugs more difficult. One policy includes anesthetists to “waste” any drugs that they do not use on a patient in front of a witness or that they return the drugs to the pharmacy or medicine dispensary. In that case, the drugs will be verified through random testing. While this can work, there are ways around this, and individuals who abuse or have an addiction know how to and are outsmarting these policies.\n\nNurse Anesthetists are Exposed to ‘Second-Hand’ Anesthesia\n\nA research team investigating how nurse anesthetists begin abusing drugs found traces of Fentanyl and Propofol throughout operating rooms. Although these anesthetics were given through an IV, the patients had exhaled these drugs while on the operating table. The highest concentrations were found around the patient’s heads, which is where nurse anesthetists sit during the surgery process. The study hypothesized that a number of the nurse anesthetists may have began abusing drugs or developed addictions because they were exposed to powerful second-hand drugs in operating rooms. Over time, chemicals in their brain changed and cause the individuals to have cravings for the drugs; leading to self administered use.\n\nSome Personality Types May be at Higher Risk for Abuse and Addiction\n\nThere are a very small percentage of people in the medical field who are qualified to become nurse anesthetists. These people must be top medical students and many of them are considered to be ‘over achievers’. Oftentimes, they exhibit compulsive behaviors and are considered to be ‘uptight’. Once they are given access to the drugs, some may feel like they have an opportunity to zone out and relax for a bit; they are in turn, setting themselves up for possible abuse and addiction. Researchers have also found that many nurse anesthetists are what one would consider to be a ‘control freak’, especially when it comes to drugs and the human body. This is because in a sense what a nurse anesthetist is doing is controlling another person’s physiology.\n\nA Quote from An anesthesiologist out of Mount Sinai Hospital\n\n\nMany other Hypotheses\n\nThere are obviously many other hypotheses that one could make when trying to figure out why nurse anesthetists are so prone to drug abuse and addiction. While more research is being conducted to try to understand these reasons, we can assume that the three hypotheses above are probably all true in some way or another, and most likely a nurse anesthetist may be abusing as a result of a combination of these hypotheses.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5614469051361084}
+{"content": "Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary document1 (DOCX 47 kb) 415_2020_10045_MOESM1_ESM\n\nSupplementary MaterialsSupplementary document1 (DOCX 47 kb) 415_2020_10045_MOESM1_ESM. to home infusions (20%), switching a DMT (9%), and discontinuing DMTs altogether (8%) as a result of COVID-19. Changes in DMTs were most common with the high-efficacy therapies alemtuzumab, cladribine, ocrelizumab, rituximab, and natalizumab. 35% made no adjustments to DMT prescribing. 98% portrayed get worried about their sufferers contracting COVID-19 and 78% portrayed the same amount of get worried about themselves. ? ?50% believed high-efficacy DMTs lengthen viral losing of SARS-CoV-2 which B-cell therapies might prevent protective vaccine results. Accelerated rate of practice and telemedicine super model tiffany livingston shifts had been defined as main shifts used. Sulbutiamine Conclusions Reported prescribing adjustments and practice disruptions because of COVID-19 could be short-term but could possess a lasting impact on MS treatment. Electronic supplementary materials The web version of the content (10.1007/s00415-020-10045-9) contains supplementary materials, which is open to certified users. or early usage of higher efficiency agents versus which include initiation of lower efficiency agencies. Treatment sequencing might occur since most MS sufferers will probably consider multiple DMTs during the period of their lifetimes. The principal driving influence of the selection has frequently been efficiency from the DMTs using a concentrate Rabbit Polyclonal to AL2S7 on the occurrence of MS relapses, brand-new T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesions on MRI, and accrual of impairment [14]. Additional factors of basic safety, tolerability, and comfort have been one of them decision-making procedure. The COVID-19 period has resulted in a potentially brand-new stability in the targets of sufferers and their prescribers aswell as the effect on DMT selection, dosing, and continuance. MS experts differ within their method of mitigating the potential risks of immunosuppression. Many (65%) Sulbutiamine neurologists are carrying out at least among: deferring DMT doses, changing the dose, changing the dosing interval, discontinuing DMTs altogether, switching to a different DMT, and for infused products in particular, changing to home infusions. Although there is also a strong tendency to make no changes, this occurs in only a minority of specialists. In the case of B-cell therapies, a similar quantity of neurologists responded that they would hold the medication until after the pandemic as would choose not to defer the next dose at all. Whether dosing and prescribing patterns will remain similarly disparate in the long term is usually uncertain. If more patients will remain off of DMTs permanently or de-escalate therapy to choose lower efficacy injectable and oral brokers Sulbutiamine in higher proportions is usually uncertain. The longer term impact of the fear of COVID-19 may influence future new patient prescribing as well as in older MS patients (i.e. approximately above 55?years), the latter whom have the least available evidence for efficacy and are at higher risk of COVID-19. The impact on DMTs on future COVID-19 vaccinations, if they Sulbutiamine are developed successfully, remains to be understood, particularly for DMTs with long-term effects, such as B-cell depleting therapies. Further studies around the dosing of DMTs as well as opportunities for expanded dosing intervals and lower dosages are necessary for the higher efficiency agents. The chance that DMTs might prolong viral shedding from the novel coronavirus is known as possible by many neurologists. Other unmet requirements for scientific outcomes include a knowledge of whether the DMTs exert antiviral results that are highly relevant to COVID-19 within a medically meaningful way. Around, 25 % of neurologists know about their MS sufferers self-discontinuing DMTs. MS experts know about discontinuation in several atlanta divorce attorneys 14 sufferers. Since physicians have a tendency to over-estimate adherence in sufferers, and MS DMT adherence runs from 46 to 97% in non-pandemic situations [15C17], the real amount of people coping with MS taking their DMTs on schedule is probable.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7863683700561523}
+{"content": "Did you know discovering your roots can greatly assist in your present day health? Many conditions are hereditary and/or psychosomatic. Knowing and understanding your genealogy can help you diagnose, treat and even avoid these conditions in ourselves and our children. Additionally, knowing your regional heritage and lifestyles is a great help in consuming the proper foods and exercise, and avoiding those that are harmful.\n\n\nSome families may be predisposed towards a particular disease. It means they are not born with it, but a large number of people develop it over their lifetime. This information can be helpful to you as you can avoid situations that might bring an early onset of the disease. You can also be vigilant in watching for potential symptoms and getting early treatment. For example, if you know you are predisposed towards diabetes, you can be careful of your diet and make sure you are tested periodically.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8530423045158386}
+{"content": "Prince Harry broadcasts himself taking a HIV test live\n\n\nPrince Harry has taken an HIV test live on social media to encourage others to get tested and to show \"show how easy it is to get tested for HIV\", according to the Facebook post.\n\nThe Terrence Higgins Trust called it a 'groundbreaking moment in the fight against HIV'.\n\nThe 31 year old was tested at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital in London, and was live-streamed on the Royal Family's Facebook page. The event was announced just minutes before he took the test.\n\nThe Prince took a rapid HIV test, which detects the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood. At the start of the visit, the healthcare worker explained to the Prince that a result will be available within around one minute of taking the test.\n\nPrince Harry Visiting a HIV Hospital that was supported by his mother Diana. Prince Harry Visiting a HIV hospital that was supported by his mother Diana.\n\n\"We call it either a reactive or non-reactive result\", he said to the Prince. \"If it was reactive it would be sent to the lab to confirm the result\".\n\nHarry admitted that he was \"nervous\" before taking the test, which the healthcare worker described as normal, saying there's a fear of \"not knowing\".\n\nThe test involved pricking the Prince's finger and taking a swab. A minute later, the test revealed a negative result.\n\n\"It is amazing how quick it is,\" the 31-year-old said. \"So whether you're a man, woman, gay, straight, black or white — even ginger — why wouldn't you come and have a test?\"\n\nThe healthcare worker then explained that a reactive result would have resulted in a blood test to confirm the diagnosis.\n\n[fbvideo link=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" onlyvideo=\"1\"]\n\nIan Green, Chief Executive of Terrence Higgins Trust, said: 'Prince Harry’s decision to take an HIV test, live on social media, is a groundbreaking moment in the fight against HIV.\n\n'Not only does it show His Royal Highness’s genuine and personal commitment to tackling the HIV epidemic, it will amplify a message to millions all over the world: testing for HIV is easy, quick and nothing to be feared.\n\n'We have a real opportunity to end HIV transmissions in the UK, but it starts with each person knowing their HIV status. Too many people are either put off testing by the stigma that still surrounds HIV, or simply do not think HIV is an issue anymore.\n\nToday, Prince Harry has got people talking about HIV again and has normalised HIV testing to a global audience. In doing so, he could inspire a generation to take control of their sexual health\".\n\nLast month, Prince Harry's brother and heir to the throne HRH Prince William spoke to Attitude Magazine about combating homophobic bullying.\n\nFind out more about HIV testing here.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8037688732147217}
+{"content": "ultramarinus – beyond the sea\n\nPosts tagged “Ottoman\n\n\n\nAfter the mosques, we found ourselves arriving at a Roman fortress tower.  The security guard was kind enough to show us around.  When we were done, he suggested we should take a short walk to visit the Complex of Sultan Bayezid II.  We followed his instructions to exit the old city and walk for a kilometer or two, before seeing our destination beyond Tundzha River.  The Tundzha River was lovely and the surrounding was peaceful.  The Complex of Sultan Bayezid II was a unique compound consisted of a mosque, a medical university, and a hospital during the Ottoman era.  Nowadays, part of the hospital complex is turned into a museum where visitors can get learn about Ottoman medicine, their medical treatment and long-term health facilities.  This hospital complex once treated a wide range of sicknesses, from eye disease to mental illness.  It was one of the first mental hospitals that treated patients with music, sound of water, and scents.  After the visit, we hopped on a minibus returning to the otogar for our return trip to Istanbul.  In Istanbul, we discovered a local eatery at Aksaray called Nederi Urfa. We ordered lentil soup, meat kebabs, pizzas, and dessert, a hearty meal to end the day.\n\n06ME07-07On our way to the Complex of Sultan Bayezid II we passed by a produce vending truck.\n\nkid selling fruitsThe youngest vendors appeared to be the most enthusiastic.\n\nconstruction workersThe complex of Sultan Bayezid II stood beyond Tundzha River.  Two men sitting at the back of tractor waved at us as they drove by.\n\nquiet streetscape At Tundzha River, a shepherd dog appeared from below the bridge, looked at us at a distance, and ran away.\n\ndad and son fishingA kid and probably his father were fishing by the Tundzha River.\n\nwoman in front of Beyazit KulliyesiNear the entrance, we had a brief encounter with a talkative lady.\n\nBeyazit Kulliyesi 2The scenery of the complex and Tundzha River is quite picturesque.\n\nBeyazit Kulliyesi 3Built in 1488, the Complex of Sultan Bayezid II contained a medical centre that was in operation for almost 400 years.\n\n06ME07-22Centered of the külliye stands the mosque with a 20.55m dome.  The complex is now a museum of the history of medicine, and a tentative World Heritage site.\n\n06ME07-23The courtyard in the museum is a lovely garden.  It was here where patients with mental illness were treated with various methods including music, water sound and scents.\n\nBeyazit Kulliyesi 4The complex offered holistic treatment including medicine and water and music therapy.\n\nBeyazit Kulliyesi 5Similar to other Ottoman complexes, courtyard and lovely colonnades are essential component of the Complex of Sultan Bayezid II.\n\nBeyazit Kulliyesi 6Continuous maintenance in the last few centuries ensure the complex is still standing today.\n\n\n\n\nOften compared to his contemporary Michelangelo in the west, Mimar Sinan was the greatest architect of the Ottoman Empire.  Out of the 370+ projects in his 50-year career, the famous chief architect of the Ottoman Empire considered Selimiye Mosque his true masterpiece.  The UNESCO seems to agree on this and granted Selimiye Mosque the status of a world heritage.  The huge complex is organized as a külliye, with a wide range of functions managed by the mosque.  At Selimiye, Sinan experimented with various configuration of domes, semi-domes and galleries to form an impressive and unified interior bathed with natural light.  The famous mosque was even depicted on the Turkish 10,000 lira banknote from 1982 – 1995.\n\n06ME06-08A statue of Mimar Sinan was erected in front of the Mosque to commemorate his architectural achievement.\n\n06ME06-10Instead of a series of small domes, Sinan built a large central dome instead.  The size of the dome is similar to the one at Hagia Sophia.\n\n06ME06-16As a külliye, the mosque complex also includes schools, covered market, clock house, outer courtyard and library, all being managed under one single institution.\n\nSelimiye Camii 2Four identical minarets were erected by Sinan instead of a series of distinctive minarets like many of its predecessors.\n\nSelimiye Camii 3At the four corners, minarets point up to the sky.\n\n06ME06-23The interior is dominated by a series of semi domes and the central dome.  Lines are symmetrical, simple and elegant.\n\n06ME06-28Just like the Hagia Sophia, celestial windows are provided at the dome base to lighten up the interior.\n\nSelimiye Camii 6Supported by eight pillars, the dome is a stunning spectacle from below.\n\nSelimiye Camii 8A drinking fountain is housed under a richly decorated structure.\n\nSelimiye Camii 9Considered as one of the finest in Turkey, the mihrab is visible from any location in the mosque.\n\nSelimiye Camii 10Several circles of lights are suspended over the vivid carpet to provide a warm ambience in the evening.\n\n\n\nClose to the border between Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey, about 240km northwest of Istanbul stands a small city with a big history.  Founded by Roman Emperor Hadrian upon an earlier Thracian settlement, Edirne was known as Hadrianopolis in the Antiquity era.  After conquered by the Ottomans, the city was renamed to Edirne, and served as the capital city of the Ottoman Empire from 1369 to 1453, before the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople.  With Selimiye Mosque, the UNESCO World Heritage site that has been widely considered as the best work of architect Mimar Sinan, and several other impressive mosques and historical complexes, Edirne is one of the most popular excursion destinations for tourists in Istanbul.  Taking an early morning bus (2.5 hour) from Istanbul Bus Station, spending a full day at Edirne and returning to Istanbul by a late afternoon bus was exactly how we spent our day.\n\nIn the morning, we took the tram and then metro to the main otogar, the main bus terminal of Istanbul where one can catch a bus to any destination in Turkey, and even to neighboring countries.  We picked one company (worth the time and effort to check out the options) for Edirne.  Bus companies in Turkey come in various prices, comfort and service levels.  In general, the buses are clean and pleasant.  Our first impression of Edirne, the main gateway city between Europe and Turkey, was pretty laid-back and peaceful.  It felt like a completely different world from bustling Istanbul.\n\n06ME05-37Built in 1447, the Üç Şerefeli Mosque is one of the most well known mosque in Central Edirne.  With a 24m diameter dome, the Üç Şerefeli Mosque had the largest dome in the Ottoman Empire before the conquest of Constantinople.\n\n06ME05-36Üç Şerefeli Mosque literally means the “Mosque with Three Balconies”, referring to its unique minaret.\n\nAcross from Ucserefeli CamiOpposite to Üç Şerefeli Mosque, Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Bath was a public bath designed by Mimar Sinan and completed in 1569.  Part of the building was demolished to make way for road construction in the 1960’s.  The demolition was ultimately stopped but its damage remains visible today, epitomizing the careless urban planning back in the 20th century.\n\n06ME06-05Completed in 1414, the Eski Camii (Old Mosque) is the oldest mosque in Central Edirne.\n\n06ME06-07 Eski CamiThe most notable features in Eski Camii are the large calligraphy on the walls.\n\n06ME06-02The calligraphy were created at various times by artists from all over the Ottoman Empire.\n\nEski Cami 1Most of the interior decorations dated back to the 19th century.\n\n06ME06-03The Eski Camii is covered with nine small domes instead of one large one.\n\ngerrardWe managed to walk around the city and explored different streets in the heart of Edirne.\n\nrobinho and ronaldinhoOn the streets of Edirne, we bumped into several groups of kids wearing football jerseys.\n\n\n\nLike Rome, Constantinople was founded as the city of seven hills.  The First Hill was the heart of the ancient capital where the Greeks found the city of Byzantium.  For today’s tourists, the First Hill is equivalent to Hagia Sophia, Blue Mosque and Topkapi Palace, while the Second Hill is dominated by the Great Bazaar.  Upon the top of the Third Hill stands Suleymaniye Mosque, one of the most famous mosques in Istanbul.  Commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent and designed by Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan, Suleymaniye Mosque was completed in 1557 as the fourth imperial mosque.  For Sultan Suleiman, erecting the Suleymaniye Mosque was like building his version of Hagia Sophia of Temple of Solomon.  For architect Mimar Sinan, the most prominent architect in Ottoman history who was responsible for at least 374 structures and worked as the chief imperial architect for nearly 50 years, the Suleymaniye Mosque was considered as a fine example of work from his mid-career.\n\n06ME03-35The four minarets of Süleymaniye Mosque are some of the most visible features of historic Istanbul from the Golden Horn.\n\n06ME03-36The ablution facilities for wudu line along the exterior wall of the mosque.\n\n06ME03-34To the right of the main entrance is the mosque cemetery, containing historical tombstones and the octagonal mausoleum of Suleyman and his wife Haseki Hurrem Sultan.\n\n06ME03-37The design of Süleymaniye Mosque was strongly influenced by the Hagia Sophia.\n\nblue mosqueThe dome of Süleymaniye Mosque is 53m high and has a diameter of 26.5m, smaller than the one of Hagia Sophia.\n\n0ME04-02A fountain stands in the centre of the first courtyard of the mosque.\n\n0ME04-05The interior space is square in plan.  Although simple in design, the white mihrab is undoubtedly the focal point inside the mosque.\n\nborphorus behind suleymaniye camiiLooking north, the skyline of Karakoy across the Golden Horn lies right in front of us.\n\nuniversity students at suleymaniye camiiSuleymaniye Mosque is surrounded by the campus of Istanbul University.  We met two university students who were more than eager to chat with us about their beloved city.\n\ndome workerSeveral restoration staff of Suleymaniye Mosque reminded us that maintaining such a huge amount of historical buildings in Istanbul required continuous efforts and techniques of many generations.\n\n\nTOPKAPI PALACE, Istanbul, Turkey\n\n\nIn 1459, six years after the conquest of Constantinople, Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II began the construction of Topkapi Palace.  The palace remained as the main royal palace of the Ottoman sultans until the 18th century, when sultans preferred to stay in their new palaces along the Bosporus.  Similar to other royal palaces around the world, Topkapi has become a huge draw for international tourists nowadays.  We spent part of the morning to tour around the complex, which is consisted of four main courtyards and many small buildings.  Many visitors consider the small museum housing the treasures of former sultans the highlight of the palace, though the intriguing architectural details of the Ottoman architecture are equally interesting.  We didn’t spend time to see every single building and rooms in the complex, but we spent quite a bit of time at the Harem, the inner court of the palace.  It was at these royal private apartments that we came face to face with the lavish decorations of imperial Ottoman architecture.  Over the past few years, the palace has been undergoing massive renovations.  Tens of millions of dollars have been spent to bring back the former glory of the palace.\n\n06ME03-09The Gate of Salutation serves as the main entrance to the Topkapi Palace Museum.\n\n06ME03-13A series of courtyards lead visitors into the inner section of the palace.\n\n06ME03-11The Courtyard and Apartment of the Black Eunuchs housed the black eunuchs from Central Africa.  They were in charge of the security of the Harem (inner court).\n\n06ME03-14In 2006, the Imperial Hall was awaiting for a thorough renovation and repaint.  Also known as the Throne Room, the Imperial Hall was built in 1580 during the reign of Murad III. Today, after extensive renovation in recent years, the ceiling and walls have regained their former colours.\n\n06ME03-16Built in 1608 by Ahmed I, the Privy Chamber of Ahmed I features beautiful green Iznik tiles and window shutters.\n\n06ME03-17The Twin Kiosk, also known as Apartment of the Crown Prince, was built in the 1700s.  There is an elegant fireplace in the middle.\n\n06ME03-22Window shutters are inlaid with mother of pearl and ivory.\n\n06ME03-18Magnificent window shutter of the Twin Kiosk enclosed the seclusive life of the Crown Prince.\n\n06ME03-20The Twin Kiosk is decorated with Iznik tiles and richly painted ceiling.\n\n36630003The Twin Kiosk is one of the best examples of the richly decorated buildings in the Harem.\n\n06ME03-19Next to the Twin Kiosk, the Courtyard and Apartment of the Favorites was built by Osman III in 1754.  After touring the Harem, we left the palace and moved on to visit the other sights in Fatih.\n\nBLUE MOSQUE, Istanbul, Turkey\n\n\nIt was only a short walk from Hagia Sophia to the Blue Mosque.  During our stay in Istanbul, we passed by Sultan Ahmet Park between Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque numerous times.  The Hagia Sophia represents the engineering marvel of the Byzantine Empire.  1000 years after the completion of Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque was erected to showcase the poetic beauty and the architectural genius of the Ottoman Empire.  Unlike Hagia Sophia where the building has turned into a museum, the Blue Mosque remains as an active religious venue frequented by worshipers.  Also known as the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, it took 7 years, 5 months and 6 days for Sultan Ahmet I and his architect Sedefkar Mehmed Agha to complete the project.  Being an apprentice of Mimar Sinan, the chief Ottoman architect that was responsible for 300+ projects across the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century, Sedefkar Mehmed Agha epitomized the high Ottoman architecture with the Blue Mosque.  With its 6 minarets, five main domes and eight secondary domes, the Blue Mosque has become a prominent icon of Istanbul’s skyline.  Staying in Sultanahmet allowed us to pass by the Blue Mosque at various times of the day, and witness the beauty of the architecture under different sunlight.\n\nS-blue mosque 1Early morning is the best time to photograph the Blue Mosque from Sultan Ahmet Park when there is still a tint of violet in the sky.\n\n06ME07-37Before the arrival of tourist groups, we could still have a moment of peace to photograph the mosque.\n\nS-blue mosque night 1At dusk, atmospheric lighting lit up the Blue Mosque in front of the purple sky.\n\nblue mosque 2In early morning, we could freely move around and photograph the mosque without tourists.\n\nblue mosque 6While some mosques have only one dome, the Blue Mosque has a series of main and secondary domes.\n\nS-blue mosque 2Beautiful sunlight casts an orange tone onto the marble facade of the Blue Mosque.\n\nS-blue mosque 3Wudu is the ritual purification for the Muslims.  The process involves cleansing of hands, mouth, nostrils, arms, head and feet.  This process is usually done before formal prayers and handling of the Quran.  A designated wudu area is provided at the entrance courtyard.\n\nS-blue mosque 6After the wudu area, worshipers enter the forecourt through the raised gateway.\n\n06ME01-37The raised archway bring visitors into the forecourt.\n\n0ME04-37The forecourt is consisted of a fountain in the middle and vaulted arcade around the perimeter.\n\n06ME02-03The vaulted arcade is decorated by a series of domes.\n\n06ME02-13Details of the wood work and metal ornament reveal the marvelous craftsmanship of the Ottoman Empire.\n\nBlue Mosque 3_01The Blue Mosque is one of the two mosques in Turkey that contains six minarets.\n\n\n\nOur Middle East journey began from Istanbul on 29th of April, 2006.\n\nFormerly known as Constantinople, the capital of the Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman Empire for over 1500 years, Istanbul is a city full of layers, where kingdoms came and go, and new buildings being built upon ruined ones.  Occupying both sides of Bosporus Strait that separates Europe and Asia, Istanbul has always been a venue of cultural exchange between the east and west.  The Sultanahmet area in Fatih District was the historical centre of Constantinople, where the emperors of the Roman Empire (330-395), Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire (395-1453) and the Ottoman Empire (1453-1923) chose to establish their splendid capital.  Bounded three sides by water, the Historic Area of Istanbul is an UNESCO World Heritage site with a concentration of iconic cultural heritage that are precious to human civilization, including Hagia Sophia, Blue Mosque, Topkapi Palace, Grand Bazaar, Basilica Cistern, etc.  Like many tourists, we specifically chose our hostel in Sultanahmet, just a stone throw away from the Blue Mosque.  In Sultanahmet, we never needed to walk far to encounter the former glory of the empires.\n\n06ME05-27Legends has it that in 667 BC, the Greeks came to the intersection of Golden Horn, Bosphorus Strait and Marmara Sea and found the city of Byzantium at the peninsula where the current Sultanahmet area is situated.\n\n06ME05-31Because of its strategic location at the sole access point of the Black Sea, Byzantium was soon developed into a trading city.  After Emperor Constantine of the Roman Empire moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium in the 4th century, Byzantium became Constantinople, and its glorious time as Europe’s largest and wealthiest city officially kicked off.\n\n06ME05-32Defensive walls had been erected to protect Constantinople since Constantine’s time.  Walls were also constructed along the waterfront to protect the city from sea attacks.  After the partitioning of the Roman Empire, Constantinople remained as the capital of Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire).\n\n06ME02-14In Istanbul, hundreds of underground cisterns were constructed during the Byzantine era.  Measured 138m x 65m, Basilica Cistern was constructed by thousands of slaves in the 6th century under the orders of Emperor Justinian.\n\n06ME02-15Probably taken from earlier Roman buildings, two stone heads of Medusa were used as  column bases in Basilica Cistern.  This mysterious cistern was forgotten briefly in the Middle Ages.  After the Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople, local residents knew nothing about the cistern, but soon discovered that they were able to obtain water and even fish below their home basement by just lowering a bucket through a hole in the floor.  The cistern was rediscovered by scholar Petrus Gyllius in 1545.\n\n06ME10-10The most prominent Byzantine icon is undoubtedly Hagia Sophia.  Built in 537, Hagia Sophia was the largest building in the world, and housed the patriarch seat of Eastern Orthodox Church until the the 15th century.\n\nblue mosque 3Standing opposite to Hagia Sophia is another cultural icon of Istanbul, the Sultan Ahmed Mosque or the Blue Mosque.  Inspired by the Byzantine icon Hagia Sophia, the Ottomans left their mark in Constantinople more than 1000 years by constructing the Blue Mosque over the former palace complex of the Byzantine emperors.\n\nSultanahmet 1Smaller in scale than the iconic monuments, Sultanahmet also host many lesser known historical buildings in the residential neighborhoods.\n\n06ME03-08Walking in Sultanahmet was like going back in time, as if every other street bend was marked by splendid timber houses and pavilions from the Ottoman era.\n\nwooden house 3Turkish author Orhan Pamuk’s autobiographical Istanbul: Memories and the Cities introduces readers his childhood Istanbul with a melancholic depiction of the Ottoman houses.\n\nwooden house 5Pamuk’s writing and black and white photos showed me an unique Istanbul beyond the historical palaces, churches and mosques.\n\nwooden house 1Searching for the Ottoman houses in Istanbul was not as easy as I thought, since many had been torn down in recent years.\n\nwooden house 8Due to continuous urban renewal in the historical centre, many Ottoman houses were at risk for redevelopment.\n\n0ME04-34Today, Sultanahmet has become a tourist hub, where many buildings have been converted into hotels and restaurants.  In the time of commercialization, even the ruins of a 550-year bathhouse, the Ishak Pasa Hamam, is up for sale.\n\n0ME04-32In Istanbul, we stayed at the friendly Sultan Hostel just two blocks behind the Blue Mosque.\n\nwhirl danceAt night, tourists would gather at restaurants in Sultanahmet to enjoy dinner and nargile or Turkish water pipe, along with live performance of the Sufi whirling dance.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9923061728477478}
+{"content": "Brave rewards cleared when mobile browser connected to uphold wallet\n\nBriefly describe your issue:\nMy Android brave app connected to my uphold wallet without my action. I had previously attempted to connect them, but was given an error stating that my rewards balance must be greater than 25 bat to verify. Today I verified my new computer, and my phone also verified somehow. I do also have the uphold app on my phone, so maybe that is how it happened? The problem is that my mobile wallet had 20.50 bat, and my browser had 8.x, but now that both are connected, I have 8 bat in my uphold wallet, and my mobile brave rewards show the same. Where did the 20 from my mobile wallet go?\nAndroid, Brave 1.25.74, Chromium 91.0.4472.124\nIs your browser wallet currently verified? (yes/no)\nWhat date did you verify your wallet?\n7/8/2021, Other device wallets previously verified\nHave you been able to successfully receive payments in the past?\nAre you using a VPN? (yes/no)\nYes (laptop), no (phone)\nDoes your device pass the SafteyNet check (Android only)?\nHave you manually turned off Auto-contribute on all of your devices linked to Uphold??", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8554372787475586}
+{"content": "Inspect models\n\nThe following pages document the web application RapidMiner Go.\n\n\nIn the first 4 steps of RapidMiner Go, you may have clicked your way through. Now you need to slow down and assert your expertise. At first sight, the results may seem overwhelming, so don't lose sight of the purpose:\n\n  1. to help you identify the most useful models (see Performance metrics and Model comparison)\n\n  2. to help you better understand your models and data (see Weights and Model Simulator)\n\n  3. to make predictions, after you have completed steps (1) and (2)\n\nIf you're looking for a user-friendly starting point, have a look at the Model Simulator.\n\nWhile it may be tempting to treat your model as a black box, plug in new data, and make a prediction, the output of a black-box prediction can be misleading -- see the summary of the Churn example.\n\nTable of contents\n\nPerformance metrics\n\nTo say whether a model is good or bad, and in particular whether it is better or worse than some other model, we need to have some basis of comparison. By assigning a numeric measure of success to the model, a so-called performance metric, you can compare it with other models and get some idea of its relative success.\n\nThe complication is that many different performance metrics exist, and none of them is absolute as a standard of success; each has strengths and weaknesses, depending on the problem you're trying to solve. You will have to choose the best performance metric for your problem, and with the help of this performance metric, you can choose the best model.\n\nTo calculate the performance metrics, we start by building a model based on a random sample of 80% of your data (the training set). Once it is built, we apply the model to the remaining 20% of your data (called the test set) and compare the predictions with the known values. Ideally there should be no difference, but in practice there usually is, because the predictions are rarely 100% correct.\n\nRecall from 2. Choose column that the type of problem you're solving depends on the values in the target column. Are they categorical or numerical? Depending on what you're trying to predict, there are different performance metrics. For a more detailed discussion, including examples, see the links below:\n\nModel comparison\n\nOnce you have chosen a performance metric, you can use the model comparison to help you find the best model, according to that metric.\n\nThe model comparison displays the performance of each model:\n\n  • as a bar chart, for any particular performance metric, comparing the models head-to-head\n  • as a table, with models as rows and performance metrics as columns\n\nClick on a performance metric to display the bar chart for that metric. Click on a model to learn more about the details of that model. As discussed in 5A. Binary classification, Recall is the most useful metric for the Churn Prediction Data, and according to that metric, the models with the best performance are Decision Tree and Random Forest.\n\n\nClick on the Weights icon to learn more about your data, independent of the model. The Weights tell you which input data is mostly likely to affect the prediction. From 3. Select inputs, we knew already that \"CustServ Calls\" was the most important column in the Churn Prediction Data. The Weights show that \"Intl Plan\", \"Day Mins\", and \"Day Charge\" are the next most important columns, although their weight is much less.\n\nIn the Model Simulator, change the values of the input data with the highest weights, and you will quickly understand the importance of that data. Input data with a lower weight is less likely to have an impact.\n\nModel Simulator\n\nRapidMiner Go not only helps you to get results; it also helps you to understand those results. To get a better insight, click the Model Simulator icon, and select a model. We select Decision Tree, since the Model comparison identified it as a good model, and it's relatively easy to interpret.\n\nThe beauty of the Model Simulator is that it is interactive, so you can change all values at will, and immediately see the impact on predictions. By manipulating all the sliders and dropdown lists, you can quickly build some intuition for the model, even hard-to-interpret models such as Deep Learning.\n\nFor its initial state, the Model Simulator chooses average data values, displayed on the left. On the right, a prediction is displayed (\"no\", the average customer will not churn), together with important factors. At the top of the important factors is \"CustServ Calls\", the data column with the highest weight, whose high correlation with the target column was identified even before we built any models, under 3. Select inputs.\n\nBy moving the slider for \"CustServ Calls\" back and forth from its initial value at 3.57, we can therefore expect to learn something. Notice in particular that when the value of \"CustServ Calls\" increases to 7.00, the prediction flips from \"no\" to \"yes\". Conclusion? Too many phone calls to customer service, and the customer will churn! None of the other sliders has the same impact.\n\nThe transition from \"no\" to \"yes\" occurs rather abruptly, when the value of \"CustServ Calls\" is between 6 and 7, but there is an indication of trouble even before then, described in the Important Factors. You can think of it as a protest vote. As \"CustServ Calls\" increases to 7.00, it opposes the \"no\" prediction more and more strongly, finally reaching a value of -0.87 in the Important Factors, before the prediction changes to \"yes\". Then the protest is over, and \"CustServ Calls\" agrees with the prediction.\n\nCustServ Calls Prediction Important Factor (CustServ Calls)\n2.00 no (98.04%) 0.0\n3.00 no (98.04%) 0.0\n4.00 no (98.04%) -0.28\n5.00 no (98.04%) -0.55\n6.00 no (98.04%) -0.79\n6.50 no (83.55%) -0.86\n6.90 no (54.56%) -0.87\n7.00 yes (59.93%) +0.87\n7.20 yes (74.42%) +0.86\n8.00 yes (74.42%) +0.75\n\nContinue with the Example: Churn Prediction Data\n\n\nRapidMiner Go is not a black box. From the details view of each individual model, you can Export a copy of the RapidMiner process that created it, and you can import that process into RapidMiner Studio for more detailed examination. There you can run the process, you can modify the process, you can make any changes you like!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5987014174461365}
+{"content": "General context, key principles and hot topics\n\n1 Identify the highest-profile corporate investigation under way in your country, describing and commenting on its most noteworthy aspects.\n\nBased on publicly available information, the highest-profile corporate investigations in Italy focus on international corruption involving the most important Italian companies, infiltration of organised crime in the economic sector and investigations against corporate giants for tax evasion. Italian criminal counsels observe, in particular, the increased focus on regulatory topics, the higher number of dawn raids with a focus on the internal audit departments of companies, the frequent use of precautionary measures and a growing involvement in cross-border investigations.\n\n2 Outline the legal framework for corporate liability in your country.\n\nAlthough the Italian system has always recognised a civil and administrative liability for companies, it did not provide for criminal liability in relation to companies until 2001.\n\nThis criminal liability is triggered if criminal offences included in a compulsory list have been committed by persons holding representative, administrative or (de facto) managerial positions in the company, or by persons working under their control, provided that these persons have committed the crimes at least ‘also’ in the interests, or for the benefit, of the company, and the company cannot demonstrate that it has taken adequate measures to prevent the commission of such crimes (in particular, for not having implemented an adequate organisation model or an internal control system).\n\nForeign companies can also be held criminally liable for crimes committed in Italy, irrespective of whether the laws of the companies’ home country contain similar rules or not. A decision issued in 2020 by the Italian Supreme Court seems to extend the corporate liability to include foreign companies and crimes committed abroad for which there is Italian jurisdiction.\n\n3 Which law enforcement authorities regulate corporations? How is jurisdiction between the authorities allocated? Do the authorities have policies or protocols relating to the prosecution of corporations?\n\nSeveral law enforcement authorities regulate corporations in Italy, including the Prosecution Service and independent administrative authorities.\n\nAlthough the Prosecution Service has exclusive jurisdiction on investigations in relation to criminal matters, the independent administrative authorities, which have investigative powers and the power to impose sanctions, only have jurisdiction in specific matters, provided for by law.\n\nAs there are several enforcement authorities, the policies and protocols in this regard can differ. However, it is important to highlight that authorities usually have specific protocols relating to co-operation and the exchange of information.\n\n4 What grounds must the authorities have to initiate an investigation? Is a certain threshold of suspicion necessary to trigger an investigation?\n\nAlthough the law does not provide for a threshold of suspicion necessary to trigger an investigation by certain independent administrative authorities, the public prosecutor shall immediately enter in the dedicated register any criminal data he or she receives or acquires and then start a criminal investigation. The duty of the public prosecutor to bring criminal action is compulsory (and not discretionary).\n\n5 How can the lawfulness or scope of a notice or subpoena from an authority be challenged in your country?\n\nDepending on the authority and type of notice, a company may challenge the lawfulness or scope of the notice or production order by way of an application to court.\n\nAs regards criminal proceedings, the lawfulness and the scope of a search warrant, and the production of documents or a seizure, may be challenged before the courts. However, subpoenas regarding summoning of witnesses are not challengeable themselves. Witnesses have a duty to testify in front of a judge.\n\n6 Does your country make use of co-operative agreements giving immunity or leniency to individuals who assist or co-operate with authorities?\n\nItalian law does not provide for a general application of immunity or leniency in recognition of co-operation with investigative authorities.\n\nAs regards criminal proceedings, Italian law has provided several case examples of leniency for specific offences, such as criminal organisation and drug trafficking, and – more recently – immunity (for example, with regard to fiscal-related offences in the case of a voluntary collaboration procedure).\n\nLaw No. 3 of 9 January 2019, Measures to Combat Crimes Against the Public Administration (as well as the Statute of Limitations for Crimes and the Transparency of Political Parties and Movements) has introduced a new cause of immunity concerning crimes against the public administration, aimed at exempting from punishment anyone voluntarily reporting the fact within a set amount of time and providing useful and concrete indications to ensure proof of the crime and to identify the others responsible.\n\n7 What are the top priorities for your country’s law enforcement authorities?\n\nThe fight against national and international corruption has been a top priority for the Italian government and its law enforcement authorities (in particular, the National Anti-corruption Authority) for the past few years.\n\nTax evasion is also a key priority: towards the end of 2019 and into 2020, a set of new laws made the punishments for tax crimes more harsh, introduced an enlarged model of confiscation and provided for the vicarious corporate liability for companies.\n\nMoreover, the coronavirus pandemic forced the authorities to focus on the compliance of companies on new legislation relating to health and safety, and to monitor the economic sector, to prevent both state economic aids being illegally assigned and the economic crisis being used as a shortcut for organised crime to expand its influence.\n\n8 To what extent do law enforcement authorities in your jurisdiction place importance on a corporation having an effective compliance programme? What guidance exists (in the form of official guidance, speeches or case law) on what makes an effective compliance programme?\n\nCompliance programmes in Italy are not mandatory but strongly recommended as they are necessary to avoid corporate criminal liability.\n\nHowever, the adoption of a programme is not sufficient. Indeed, companies are requested to prove that (1) the compliance programme has also been efficaciously implemented before the commission of the crime, (2) the person who committed the crime has fraudulently eluded it, and (3) the supervisory body has sufficiently monitored the company’s activities. Over the years, trade associations and professional orders (such as Confindustria, ABI, CNDCEC or IRDCEC) have issued numerous sets of guidelines to help corporations in implementing an effective compliance programme.\n\nEven if a corporation strictly follows the aforementioned guidelines, a judge could still hold that corporation criminally liable.\n\nCyber-related issues\n\n9 Does your country regulate cybersecurity? Describe the approach of local law enforcement authorities to cybersecurity-related failings.\n\nDuring the past 20 years, a broad framework of laws has been developed (often as a result of international regulations). In particular, in 2018, Italy implemented the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which concerns the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and the free movement of such data, and Directive (EU) 2016/1148, concerning measures for a high common level in the security of network and information systems across Europe (known as the NIS Directive).\n\nMoreover, by means of Legislative Decree No. 125/2019, Italy has ratified Directive (EU) 2018/843, which deals, among other matters, with the proper use of crypto-value to prevent money-laundering.\n\nLast, Law No. 133/2019 provides for a series of obligations on public and private entities that carry out activities of public interest, to ensure the safety of information, systems and networks. Administrative sanctions shall apply in the event of non-compliance.\n\n10 Does your country regulate cybercrime? What is the approach of law enforcement authorities in your country to cybercrime?\n\nItalian law provides for a wide range of offences to prevent cybercrime. Over the years, law enforcement authorities (in particular, the Prosecution Service and the Italian Data Protection Authority) have given substantial attention to cybercrime, having acknowledged that the insufficient investment in cybersecurity in Italy risks seriously affecting the country’s growth and development.\n\nFor example, the law punishes the conduct of hacking, phishing, infection of information technology systems with malware, possession of hacking tools, identity theft and electronic theft. Criminal offences have also been provided in the case of failure to comply with the security measures set out by the law and regulations issued by the Italian Data Protection Authority, unlawful data processing and any untrue or false statement sent to the Authority. Moreover, Law No. 133/2019 provides for a new crime (punished by up to three years’ detention) in respect of false information or omissions that could impede or influence the effectiveness of the cybersecurity procedures established by the Law.\n\nWith regard to corporations, Italian law provides for financial penalties and disqualification in relation to cybercrime (including the above-mentioned crime introduced by Law No. 133/2019) and illicit use of personal data.\n\nCross-border issues and foreign authorities\n\n11 Does local criminal law have general extraterritorial effect? To the extent that extraterritorial effect is limited to specific offences, give details.\n\nItalian criminal law provides that Italian courts have jurisdiction on all offences committed within the Italian territory; that is, when at least part of the prohibited conduct takes place in Italy, or the event of the crime occurs within the Italian territory. According to case law, even a phone call or an email (made or sent to an accomplice) is sufficient to establish Italian jurisdiction.\n\nItaly does not have general extraterritorial jurisdiction, although there are specific cases in which it will exercise extraterritorial jurisdiction (e.g., bribery involving Italian public officials and market abuse on financial instruments admitted on an Italian regulated market, even if the offences are committed abroad). Moreover, extraterritorial jurisdiction could be raised – under certain conditions – by dint of the Italian nationality of the perpetrator or the victim, or even when a crime against the Italian state is committed.\n\n12 Describe the principal challenges that arise in your country in cross-border investigations, and explain whether and how such challenges depend on the other countries involved.\n\nThe principal challenges in cross-border investigations derive from the need to identify which states have the relevant jurisdiction and then the full co-operation and coordination of actions between the state in charge of the investigations and the other states, or all the competent agencies and organisations involved (e.g., in Europe, Eurojust and Europol).\n\nCo-operation is needed because of the existence of different laws and regulations in all the countries, mostly relating to privacy, professional privilege regimes and labour laws.\n\nTo facilitate coordination among (at least) the EU Member States regarding criminal matters and accelerate cross-border investigations, Directive 2014/41/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding the European Investigation Order in criminal matters came into effect in July 2017.\n\nThere are also bilateral and multilateral agreements between Italy and states that are not within the European Union.\n\n13 Does double jeopardy, or a similar concept, apply to prevent a corporation from facing criminal exposure in your country after it resolves charges on the same core set of facts in another? Is there anything analogous in your jurisdiction to the ‘anti-piling on’ policy as exists in the United States (the Policy on Coordination of Corporate Resolution Penalties) to prevent multiple authorities seeking to penalise companies for the same conduct?\n\nPursuant to the provisions of the conventions to which Italy is a party (given its status as a Member State of the European Union), the international principle of ne bis in idem (as provided for by Article 14.7 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 50 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 to the European Convention on Human Rights) can only be applied in the event of res judicata (final judgment). Therefore, there is no prohibition against two criminal proceedings on the same cause of action against the same person or corporation taking place at the same time in two European countries.\n\nFor future development, it is worth highlighting that in Mihalache v. Romania (8 July 2019), a Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights stated that the public prosecutor’s order discontinuing criminal proceedings while imposing a fine on the applicant was a ‘final acquittal or conviction’. This triggers the application of the ne bis in idem principle, based on a series of criteria (determination as to the merits, availability of ordinary remedies, and expiry of the time limit within which those remedies are to be used) which are in line with those relied on by the Court of Justice of the European Union in similar cases.\n\nAt the EU level, Council Framework Decision 2009/948/JHA of 30 November 2009 (adopted by Legislative Decree No. 29 of 15 February 2016) provides for a mechanism of ‘consultation’ among the Member States with the aim of achieving a consensus on any ‘agreed’ solution so as to avoid parallel proceedings in different Member States.\n\nAt the international level, there is the principle of lis alibi pendens, but no specific rules aimed at settling the issue of proceedings that are pending simultaneously.\n\nThere are no measures in Italy that are comparable to the US ‘anti-piling on’ policy.\n\n14 Are ‘global’ settlements common in your country? What are the practical considerations?\n\nTo date, there have been no global settlements involving Italy. However, Italian law does provide for a specific discipline regarding the execution of decisions of foreign states.\n\n15 What bearing do the decisions of foreign authorities have on an investigation of the same matter in your country?\n\nDecisions of foreign authorities do not impede Italian investigations from going forward (see question 13). Nevertheless, the Italian Criminal Code provides for final judgments issued by foreign authorities to be recognised in relation to specific aspects (such as reparation or recidivism). When there are international agreements for recognition in force between the parties, the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure provides for the possibility of enforcement in Italy, according to Italian law. Moreover, a 2010 law provides for a new type of mutual recognition of foreign criminal judgments, when they order a minimum of three years’ detention.\n\nEconomic sanctions enforcement\n\n16 Describe your country’s sanctions programme and any recent sanctions imposed by your jurisdiction.\n\nAs a Member State of both the United Nations and the European Union, Italy is required to observe and enforce UN Security Council sanctions and EU restrictive measures. Further, the EU applies restrictive measures for the purposes of pursuing the specific Common Foreign and Security Policy objectives or UN Security Council Resolutions.\n\nThe restrictive measures imposed by the European Union can target the governments of third countries as well as non-state entities or physical or legal individuals; for example, embargoes on the sale of weapons, other specific or general trade restrictions (import or export bans), financial restrictions, travel restrictions (visa or travel bans), or other measures that may appear appropriate to the case in question.\n\nMember States are obliged to undertake specific tasks regarding implementation of the measures. The Financial Security Committee is the authorised agency in Italy in charge of monitoring the system for the prevention and sanctioning of money laundering and the financing of terrorism.\n\nAn Italian law issued in 2018 aims to organise and simplify the authorisation procedures for the export of dual-use items and technologies.\n\n17 What is your country’s approach to sanctions enforcement? Has there been an increase in sanctions enforcement activity in recent years, for example?\n\nIn recent years, the European Union has often made recourse to the imposition of sanctions or restrictive measures both autonomously and in compliance with the binding resolutions of the UN Security Council.\n\nThe Italian authorities do not show a strong interest in the execution of sanctions.\n\n18 Do the authorities responsible for sanctions compliance and enforcement in your country co-operate with their counterparts in other countries for the purposes of enforcement?\n\nAt the European level, Member States co-operate with each other, for example as regards authorisation for European operators who intend to work in Member States affected by trade embargoes.\n\n19 Has your country enacted any blocking legislation in relation to the sanctions measures of third countries? Describe how such legislation operates.\n\nThe European Commission adopted Council Regulation (EC) No. 2271/96 against the effects of the extraterritorial application of legislation adopted by a third country, and actions based thereon or resulting therefrom (the EU Blocking Regulation), which is directly enforceable in Italy. The measure forbids EU citizens from complying with third-country extraterritorial sanctions unless exceptionally authorised to do so by the European Commission. In August 2018, the Regulation was expanded to curtail the effects of the United States’ withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.\n\n20 To the extent that your country has enacted any sanctions blocking legislation, how is compliance enforced by local authorities in practice?\n\nAs far as we are aware, the EU Blocking Regulation has not been subject to any binding judicial interpretation. Moreover, with the exception of the European Commission’s non-binding Guidance Note – Questions and Answers: adoption of update of the Blocking Statute, no further official guidance has been adopted at a local level by Italian authorities.\n\nFurthermore, no cases have yet been brought before the national courts.\n\nBefore an internal investigation\n\n21 How do allegations of misconduct most often come to light in companies in your country?\n\nAllegations of misconduct could come to light in many ways, and could enhance the need to conduct an internal investigation.\n\nFirst, an investigation could be triggered by a report by a whistleblower, made through (and according to) a company’s procedure. Furthermore, an internal investigation could follow the execution of investigative acts, carried out by the Prosecution Service or by an independent administrative authority (such as Bank of Italy, Consob or Ivass). Last, a corporate investigation could be specifically requested by the supervisory body, if anomalies have come to light in the execution of its activity. In the same way, even news spread by the media regarding alleged misconduct perpetrated by an executive or an employee – and the related possibility of the beginning of a criminal or regulatory investigation – could suggest an opportunity for a compliance check, made by internal or external auditors.\n\nFollowing the adoption of legislation on whistleblowing, which provides for different measures to protect employees who report an offence within their organisation, whether in the private or public sector, it is expected that whistleblowing may become even more common.\n\nInformation gathering\n\n22 Does your country have a data protection regime?\n\nThe main Italian legislation for the protection of personal data is the Privacy Code, which was amended to adapt it to the changes introduced by the GDPR. Moreover, there are several sector-specific pieces of legislation that could affect a data protection regime, such as the Statute of Workers, the Consumer Code and the Telemarketing Law, and legislation on whistleblowing.\n\n23 To the extent not dealt with above at question 9, how is the data protection regime enforced?\n\nThe Data Protection Code provides for both administrative fines and criminal penalties.\n\nThe GDPR introduced an antitrust-type sanction regime with fines of up to 4 per cent of annual global turnover or €20 million, whichever is the greater. A limited number of breaches fall into a lower tier and so are subject to fines of up to 2 per cent of annual global turnover or €10 million, whichever is the greater. Regulators have a range of other powers and sanctions at their disposal.\n\nIn its last annual report, the Italian Data Protection Authority published some key figures concerning GDPR application in Italy. Accordingly, (1) 1,443 data breaches have been notified, (2) more than 8,000 complaints have been notified, and (3) 147 inspections have been ordered. With regard to sanctions, the Italian Data Protection Authority has applied stringent sanctions regarding aggressive telemarketing, one of which was for €27.8 million and another for €11.5 million to operators that used subscribers’ data without their permission.\n\n24 Are there any data protection issues that cause particular concern in internal investigations in your country?\n\nTo be able to conduct effective internal investigations, it is certainly necessary to be aware of the potential conflicts between data privacy concerns and the need for gathering information that implies the processing of employees’ personal data. Personal data shall be processed lawfully, fairly and in a transparent manner, and collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes. The affected employees shall be informed about the subject and purpose of the investigation, and their rights under the data protection laws. In addition, in compliance with the principle of data minimisation, it shall be ensured that employees’ personal data is adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary in relation to the purposes for which it is processed.\n\n25 Does your country regulate or otherwise restrict the interception of employees’ communications? What are its features and how is the regime enforced?\n\nAccording to local employment law and the Italian Data Protection Authority, a company is prohibited from mass control and unlimited storage of employees’ company emails.\n\nCompanies should adopt specific internal guidelines, for approval by trade unions and publicised internally, to enable the employer to carry out controls on employees’ internet files and emails, with specific reference to making employees aware of the fact that the employer may execute controls on such data during internal investigations.\n\nDawn raids and search warrants\n\n26 Are search warrants or dawn raids on companies a feature of law enforcement in your country? Describe any legal limitations on authorities executing search warrants or dawn raids, and what redress a company has if those limits are exceeded.\n\nIf there are reasonable grounds to believe that the corpus delicti (the item on which, or through which, the offence has been committed or the profit made from the crime), or material items relating to the crime, are located on a company’s premises, a search of those premises could be ordered by the public prosecutor.\n\nAt the beginning of the search, the accused and the person who has current access to the premises shall be given a copy of the decree ordering the search, with the notice informing them of their right to be assisted by a trusted person.\n\nIn the case of seizure ordered by the judicial authority, the person from whom the objects have been seized and the person who would be entitled to their restitution may submit a request for the re-examination of the seizure decree. The request does not suspend the enforcement of the decision.\n\n27 How can privileged material be lawfully protected from seizure during a dawn raid or in response to a search warrant in your country?\n\nThe law provides for a duty to hand documents and documentary evidence to the requesting judicial authority, except if the person who possesses them by virtue of function, job, service or profession declares in writing that they are covered by either public service or professional secret. The judicial authority shall proceed with the necessary ascertainment if it has reasons to doubt the legitimacy of the declaration and if it cannot proceed without gathering the documents. If the declaration is groundless, the judicial authority shall order the seizure, which can be challenged with a request for the re-examination of the seizure decree.\n\n28 Under what circumstances may an individual’s testimony be compelled in your country? What consequences flow from such compelled testimony? Are there any privileges that would prevent an individual or company from providing testimony?\n\nA witness is obliged to appear before the court, follow the judicial indications regarding the procedural needs and answer truthfully the questions addressed to him or her.\n\nIf a witness fails to appear, without legal impediment, the court may order his or her compulsory appearance and that he or she pays a fine and the costs arising from the failure to appear. However, if the witness is a foreign citizen, Italy will not be able to enforce the aforementioned sanctions, given lack of jurisdiction. To avoid this impasse, some mutual assistance treaties have been signed, which allow Italian enforcement authorities to ask for co-operation from the foreign authorities to ensure witness participation at the hearing.\n\nBear in mind that a witness is not obliged to testify on facts that could lead to self-incrimination. Moreover, the law provides for a right of abstention for the next of kin of the accused and for persons who invoke either public service or professional secret.\n\nWhistleblowing and employee rights\n\n29 Describe the whistleblowing framework in your country. What financial incentive schemes exist for whistleblowers? What legal protections are in place for whistleblowers?\n\nA whistleblowing law, generally applicable to the private sector in Italy, came into force in December 2017. The protection scheme for whistleblowers provided by the law is applicable only when the company has adopted an organisational model for crime prevention. In all cases, the whistleblower’s identity is and must be kept strictly confidential.\n\nThere are no incentives provided for in relation to reporting individuals.\n\nHowever, a whistleblower is protected from any retaliatory or discriminatory dismissal as a consequence of his or her reporting, and protection from a demotion or any other (direct or indirect) discriminatory or retaliatory measure as a consequence of the reporting.\n\n30 What rights does local employment law confer on employees whose conduct is within the scope of an investigation? Is there any distinction between officers and directors of the company for these purposes?\n\nIn relation to internal investigations, the Italian legislator sought to regulate the scope and the limits of companies’ powers, to find a balance between the right of the corporation to protect its interests and assets and the protection of employees from any kind of abuse.\n\nThe Italian Workers’ Statute and the GDPR require the observance of certain formalities in conducting the investigations (for example, the employee deemed to have engaged in misconduct has to receive a complete report about the ongoing investigations, with regard to the procedure, the scope and the corporate functions involved; in checking the corporate tools – such as laptops or lockers – the principles of necessity, relevance and no excess provided for by the GDPR have to be respected) as well as in commencing a disciplinary proceedings against the employee who has been found guilty of the misconduct during the investigation.\n\nThere is no distinction for these purposes between officers and directors.\n\n31 Do employees’ rights under local employment law differ if a person is deemed to have engaged in misconduct? Are there disciplinary or other steps that a company must take when an employee is implicated or suspected of misconduct, such as suspension or in relation to compensation?\n\nAll employees’ rights are safeguarded in the context of internal investigations. A difference can be noted, instead, in the ways in which an employer can terminate an employment contract, depending on the type of misconduct: (1) dismissal without notice for just cause (e.g., where there is a serious breach of the employment contract, such as gross misconduct); or (2) ordinary dismissal with notice based on either a subjective reason or an objective reason. In either case, a special disciplinary procedure must be followed. Under this procedure, the employer must promptly send the employee a letter describing the facts that would constitute a breach of the contract, wait for the employee’s reply (which must be received within five days) and finally send the employee a letter of dismissal, explaining why the employer cannot accept the employee’s justifications. If an employee is suspected of misconduct, but the company still needs to carry out an internal investigation to ascertain whether that suspicion is justified, precautionary suspension can be implemented until the end of the investigative procedure.\n\nSuspension is not mandatory and does not deprive the employee of salary unless this is expressly provided for by the national collective contract of the particular sector or by the contract. Once the internal investigation is concluded, in a case of dismissal because of misconduct, the company could ask for the return of the undue salary that has been paid during the period of suspension. However, if the suspended employee has not been paid the due salary, he or she has the right to ask for the unpaid salary if, at the end of the investi­gation, he or she is found not to have committed the alleged misconduct.\n\n32 Can an employee be dismissed for refusing to participate in an internal investigation?\n\nThere is no obligation for employees to take part in an internal investigation. However, from a disciplinary standpoint relating to a general duty of co-operation with the employer or specific provisions in a company’s policies, a refusal to participate may be relevant.\n\nCommencing an internal investigation\n\n33 Is it common practice in your country to prepare a document setting out terms of reference or investigatory scope before commencing an internal investigation? What issues would it cover?\n\nA company is advised to begin each investigation with a carefully drafted action plan, which should identify the following:\n\n  • allegations of misconduct or concerns as reported by internal control bodies or whistleblowers, or resulting from media speculations or acts of a criminal or regulatory investigation);\n  • the functions and external parties who will manage and conduct the investigation;\n  • all the conceivable actions to be carried out (documentation to be analysed and individuals to be interviewed);\n  • the time frame for the investigation; and\n  • if an external counsel is appointed, how legal privilege will be maintained.\n\nAfter a preliminary case assessment with the internal functions, the action plan should be drafted by the investigation team and must be approved by the governing body or, if the alleged misconduct is ascribable to the board of directors, by the audit committee.\n\n34 If an issue comes to light prior to the authorities in your country becoming aware or engaged, what internal steps should a company take? Are there internal steps that a company is legally or ethically required to take?\n\nThere are generally no formal legal obligations on a company to conduct an internal investigation. However, conduct rules issued by regulators may mean an internal investigation is required under those rules, or at least strongly recommended.\n\nWhen an issue comes to light, it is strongly recommended to take all necessary steps to stop the offending behaviour, if it is continuing, to protect and preserve all material that would be relevant and to adopt preventive measures to ensure that the offending behaviour cannot occur again (e.g., revising the compliance programme and the internal controls affected).\n\n35 What internal steps should a company in your country take if it receives a notice or subpoena from a law enforcement authority seeking the production or preservation of documents or data?\n\nThis decision depends on the individual circumstances of the case and the nature of the request.\n\nUnder the Italian Criminal Code, it is illegal to interfere with an investigation by a law enforcement authority (for example, by destroying evidence). In addition, corporations have statutory obligations to preserve documents for certain periods (in general for 10 years). Therefore, it is advisable to give employees clear instructions to prevent documents or data that is subject to an order from a law enforcement authority from being destroyed.\n\nFrom a strategic point of view, a company should evaluate opportunities for co-operation. In many cases, it is advisable to co-operate with the relevant authority, to prevent coercive measures and reputational damage. For example, if a specific object is sought by search, the judicial authority may require its delivery. If these types of objects are handed in, no search shall be carried out by the public prosecutor, unless it is believed that the search may be useful for the investigation.\n\n36 At what point must a company in your country publicly disclose the existence of an internal investigation or contact from a law enforcement authority?\n\nThere is generally no requirement for privately held corporations – with no reporting obligations under the securities laws – to publicly disclose the existence of an internal investigation or contact from law enforcement.\n\nHowever, listed issuers shall publicly disclose information of a precise nature, which has not been made public, relating to one or more issuers and which, if it were made public, would be likely to have a significant effect on the prices of those financial instruments. Therefore, these companies must consider whether the disclosure of an internal investigation or contact from law enforcement would be considered material.\n\n37 How are internal investigations viewed by local enforcement bodies in your country?\n\nThere is currently no specific discipline that regulates internal investigations, and it is recommended that companies pay attention to a number of legal issues, such as data protection and employment law-related concerns, as well as the protection of whistleblowers and management of their reports.\n\nInternal investigations could be approached by companies either as a reaction to an investigation started by the Prosecution Service to gather elements useful for the defence as part of criminal proceedings, or to co-operate with the enforcement authorities to discover misconduct and the wrongdoer. Moreover, internal investigations are encouraged to identify and, when possible, prevent the commission of improper behaviour that can trigger liabilities for corporations.\n\nAdditional caution should be taken when a judicial investigation is likely, for example speaking to potential witnesses could result in subornation (a crime, according to the Italian Criminal Code) or be seen as an attempt to obstruct the investigation.\n\nAttorney–client privilege\n\n38 Can the attorney–client privilege be claimed over any aspects of internal investigations in your country? What steps should a company take in your country to protect the privilege or confidentiality of an internal investigation?\n\nConsidering that communications between a company and its in-house lawyers do not attract legal privilege, as recently confirmed by Italian case law, it is advisable that internal investigations are carried out by an external defence counsel, not bound to the client by any employment relationship and appointed for the purpose.\n\nTo protect the documentation relating to an internal investigation, it is recommended that it be held at the premises of the lawyer (which cannot be inspected or searched, unless the lawyer is under investigation), labelling any related communications as ‘Privileged and Confidential’ and restricting the circulation of privileged documents both outside and within the company.\n\n39 Set out the key principles or elements of the attorney–client privilege in your country as it relates to corporations. Who is the holder of the privilege? Are there any differences when the client is an individual?\n\nProfessional secrecy is usually invoked by the attorney, but in the primary interest of his or her client, who could be either a corporation or a person.\n\nIn the case of companies, privilege applies subject to two fundamental conditions; that the information was exchanged:\n\n  • for the purpose of legal assistance; and\n  • with an independent, external lawyer who is not bound to the client by any employment relationship and is a member of the Bar.\n\nIf the lawyer is assisted by other professionals – such as technical consultants or authorised private detectives – the privilege is extended to them.\n\n40 Does the attorney–client privilege apply equally to in-house and external counsel in your country?\n\nAlthough the attorney–client privilege applies in relation to external counsel, the professional activity of an in-house counsel is neither recognised nor regulated by any legal provision or statute. In-house counsel cannot be admitted to the bar (with some limited exceptions) and are thus deprived of all rights and privileges attached to independent lawyers who are members of the Italian Bar, including the protection afforded by professional secrecy.\n\nHowever, some judgments recognise the possibility of invoking the attorney–client privilege when in-house counsel is defending the company in proceedings.\n\n41 Does the attorney–client privilege apply equally to advice sought from foreign lawyers in relation to (internal or external) investigations in your country?\n\nThe law provides for the attorney–client privilege to avoid intrusions that could hinder the defence; therefore, this privilege should certainly extend to foreign lawyers, provided that they are admitted to their national bar and their title is recognised by the Italian system. However, to date, there is no precedent from an Italian court to confirm this reasoning with specific reference to lawyers. There are precedents that have extended the benefit of professional secrecy to foreign private investigators, provided that their title is recognised in the country where the proceedings are pending.\n\n42 To what extent is waiver of the attorney–client privilege regarded as a co-operative step in your country? Are there any contexts where privilege waiver is mandatory or required?\n\nThere is also no general concept of waiving privilege under Italian law.\n\nPublic prosecutors consistently state that they cannot expect waiver of the attorney–client privilege and that waiver could not be considered a prerequisite to obtain credit for co-operation. Nevertheless, submitting privileged documents to authorities is in general regarded as a co-operative step that can result in a reduction of a fine by contributing to a positive overall assessment.\n\nIt is mandatory to discuss any initiative with the client. In fact, divulging a professional secret without justification (or using it for one’s own profit of that of a third party), and thereby procuring damage, is an offence.\n\n43 Does the concept of limited waiver of privilege exist as a concept in your jurisdiction? What is its scope?\n\nAs previously stated, the Italian legal system does not provide for waiver of privilege (neither general nor limited). However, with reference to criminal proceedings, the jurisprudence has stated that the privilege between a client and an attorney may suffer limitation and restrictions if the lawyer is suspected or accused in criminal proceedings. Even if there is not an actual waiver, in these cases all the information becomes available to third parties by means of the gathering of that information in the trial dossier.\n\n44 If privilege has been waived on a limited basis in another country, can privilege be maintained in your own country?\n\nThere is no direct legal effect in Italy for the fact that privilege has been waived in another country. However, waiving privilege in one country by submitting documents to third parties can result in a loss of privilege, considering, for example, that documents disclosed to non-protected persons could be seized if they have lost privilege.\n\nIn addition, co-operation between enforcement agencies would be likely to render the privilege theoretical.\n\n45 Do common interest privileges exist as concepts in your country? What are the requirements and scope?\n\nThe concept of common interest privilege does not exist in Italy. However, as has already been stated, according to the law, all documents concerning the defence’s strategy and all the correspondence between the defending counsel duly appointed and the indicted or investigated person are privileged and cannot be gathered in the trial dossier.\n\nTherefore, in practical terms, the documents and the correspondence in the possession of the attorney that also involves other lawyers and other accused, and which are related to the proceedings and the defence strategy of the client, have to be considered as privileged to protect the client’s rights of defence.\n\n46 Can privilege be claimed over the assistance given by third parties to lawyers?\n\nPrivilege could be invoked by an attorney even if the defence activity is carried out with the assistance of third parties. It is possible to include third parties who are, among others, trainee lawyers, secretaries, authorised private detectives and technical consultants.\n\nWitness interviews\n\n47 Does your country permit the interviewing of witnesses as part of an internal investigation?\n\nItalian law allows witnesses to be interviewed during an internal investigation. Commonly, this kind of activity is carried out by an external counsel appointed for that specific purpose.\n\nAn employee is requested to co-operate with the investigation team with regard to any aspects connected to his or her role and tasks, and more broadly to any information he or she learned as part of the job. In the case of a former employee, an interview may be carried out only with the consent of the person required to be interviewed.\n\n48 Can a company claim the attorney–client privilege over internal witness interviews or attorney reports?\n\nAs stated in question 47, in most cases it is preferable for the interviewer to be a lawyer, who acts in accordance with all the formalities provided for by the defence investigations provisions of the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure. This ensures that all the findings remain exclusively available to the defence counsel and the client.\n\nHowever, it should be noted that attorney–client privilege does not apply with regard to a company’s in-house counsel.\n\n49 When conducting a witness interview of an employee in your country, what legal or ethical requirements or guidance must be adhered to? Are there different requirements when interviewing third parties?\n\nIf an internal investigation is carried out with the prerogatives of preventive defence investigations, the external counsel – before the interview starts – has to give the interviewee all the warnings as provided for by the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure (such as their right to silence or not to give any statement). Moreover, the lawyer shall inform the employee about his or her role and the purpose of the interview, and shall stop the gathering of information if the interviewee makes statements revealing indications of guilt.\n\nThe aforementioned rules apply to both employees and third parties.\n\nThe Italian Workers’ Statute provides for specific rules to avoid any kind of abusive activity by the employer: for example, it is not permitted to investigate an employee’s personal views on politics, religion, memberships of trade unions and personal life. Moreover, during an interview, it is necessary to be careful to avoid any disciplinary violation (e.g., a written notice reporting the alleged wrongdoing in detail is required).\n\n50 How is an internal interview typically conducted in your country? Are documents put to the witness? May or must employees in your country have their own legal representation at the interview?\n\nThe Italian Code of Criminal Procedure requires certain formalities to be followed. For example, in the first place, the lawyers give the witnesses a warning (as cited in question 49), then they ask the questions and listen to the answers, all of which is included in a report (in full or in summary). Finally, the report has to be signed by all the persons attending the interview.\n\nDocuments could be shown to the interviewee if it is necessary or helpful for the line of questioning.\n\nGenerally, it is not possible for an employee or an executive to be assisted by a lawyer during an internal interview. An employer’s request for co-operation by an employee, and the related duty to answer questions, derives from the existing working relationship. In the event that an employee is already the subject of a criminal investigation being conducted by the Prosecution Service, his or her right to defence allows for assistance from a lawyer. Similarly, if a disciplinary proceeding has already been triggered against an employee, the employee is entitled to have a lawyer.\n\nReporting to the authorities\n\n51 Are there circumstances under which reporting misconduct to law enforcement authorities is mandatory in your country?\n\nGenerally, according to Italian law, there is no obligation for a private entity to report crimes to the competent authorities (only public officials have the duty to report what they become aware of within their professional activities). Moreover, a lawyer is not under any obligation to disclose incriminating evidence against a client.\n\nHowever, there are specific laws that provide for this kind of duty in relation to certain crimes and specific individuals (e.g. the law on anti-money laundering and illicit funding provides for the duty on professionals and intermediaries to report suspected activities).\n\n52 In what circumstances might you advise a company to self-report to law enforcement even if it has no legal obligation to do so? In what circumstances would that advice to self-report extend to countries beyond your country?\n\nThe decision to disclose the findings of an investigation could be encouraged by the positive effect that co-operation with the authorities could have on a judge when quantifying the penalty. Moreover, it can contribute to avoiding the application or determining the reduction of pretrial disqualifying sanctions pursuant to criminal corporate liability law.\n\nNo negative consequences are provided for by law in respect of a lack of co-operation. A company under investigation – or at trial – assumes the same position as the defendant, and therefore the privilege against self-incrimination (or right to silence) is granted. Nevertheless, the attitude shown by the company could lead to greater reputational risk and could be taken into consideration by the prosecutor in a request for precautionary measures against the corporation.\n\n53 What are the practical steps you need to take to self-report to law enforcement in your country?\n\nThe steps to be taken depend on the specific case at issue and the authority involved, but in any event, there is no obligation to self-report. Moreover, Italian law does not provide for benefits deriving from the disclosure of information gathered through internal investigations, and therefore does not contemplate any limitation to the investigation activity and to the possibility for the prosecutor to file a request for committal to trial.\n\nTherefore, from a criminal point of view, it is important to consider in each case whether self-reporting could help in the settlement with the public prosecutor and avoid the application of a disqualifying measure.\n\nResponding to the authorities\n\n54 In practice, how does a company in your country respond to a notice or subpoena from a law enforcement authority? Is it possible to enter into dialogue with the authorities to address their concerns before or even after charges are brought? How?\n\nThe response will depend on the type of notice received by a company and which authority has sent it. For example, in the case of a request for document production from the public prosecutor, the company will respond through its external legal counsel, which can also arrange a formal appointment with the authority to present the documentation collected. Meetings with the public prosecutor can be scheduled, but usually they are accompanied by the filing of a pleading.\n\nIn the case of a notice received by other enforcement authorities (e.g., chamber of commerce), under Law No. 689/1991, the company may submit a defence case, within 30 days of notification, asking to be heard.\n\n55 Are ongoing authority investigations subject to challenge before the courts?\n\nIt depends on the kind of investigation.\n\nGenerally, a criminal investigation itself cannot be challenged before the courts, but individual measures taken as part of the process (e.g., seizure of documents) can, when unlawful.\n\nThe Italian Code of Criminal Procedure provides for the possibility to challenge a request by the public prosecutor to continue with the investigations after an initial term of six months has expired.\n\n56 In the event that authorities in your country and one or more other countries issue separate notices or subpoenas regarding the same facts or allegations, how should the company approach this?\n\nIn general, it is a requirement to answer all requests received from the authorities. However, in criminal matters, there are now several instruments to strive for mutual co-operation and joint action teams, to prevent unnecessary duplication of effort, from both the private and the public sides.\n\n57 If a notice or subpoena from the authorities in your country seeks production of material relating to a particular matter that crosses borders, must the company search for, and produce material, in other countries to satisfy the request? What are the difficulties in that regard?\n\nIf the material is under the control of a company (even by means of a parent company, therefore with a right to take possession, inspect or take copies of a subsidiary’s documents), it is required to look for and produce all the requested material, even if located in another country.\n\nNevertheless, it could be that the data protection legislation in the other country does not permit the removal or transfer of the data from that jurisdiction: the requesting authority will therefore seek help from mutual legal assistance with the foreign state.\n\nA parent company could also raise a self-incrimination issue that impedes the delivery of data or documents.\n\nInstead, if the document is not under the control of the company, but the holder is known, the company can ask for it or indicate to the authorities the identity of the holder, to ease the progress of the investigation and show a co-operative approach.\n\n58 Does law enforcement in your country routinely share information or investigative materials with law enforcement in other countries? What framework is in place in your country for co-operation with foreign authorities?\n\nAs stated in question 12, there are several EU Directives and bilateral and multilateral agreements between Italy and countries that are not EU Member States to facilitate coordination between enforcement authorities.\n\nAs another example, Italian tax law enforcement authorities regularly exchange information based on conventions against double taxation signed with other states.\n\n59 Do law enforcement authorities in your country have any confidentiality obligations in relation to information received during an investigation or onward disclosure and use of that information by third parties?\n\nDuring criminal proceedings, the investigations are protected by secrecy, so the public prosecutor and enforcement authorities will not have to disclose information to third parties. However, some investigations are conducted within a mutual assistance regime, in which authorities co-operate and exchange all the data acquired in the respective country.\n\n60 How would you advise a company that has received a request from a law enforcement authority in your country seeking documents from another country, where production would violate the laws of that other country?\n\nThe advice given will depend on the specific case: in fact, a comparison should be made between the benefits of co-operating with the authority in the company’s country and the legal risk of violating a rule in the other country. To achieve this, the company should thoroughly analyse the relevant rules, and request the legal opinion of a lawyer in that country. In cases of gross and evident violation, the best option would be to submit the opinion received to the public prosecutor and encourage a mutual assistance request directly from one authority to the other.\n\n61 Does your country have secrecy or blocking statutes? What related issues arise from compliance with a notice or subpoena?\n\nA request by an authority is usually a sufficient reason for the disclosure of data, according to the Italian Privacy Code, which was adopted in Italy in 2003 but modified to be consistent with the GDPR.\n\n62 What are the risks in voluntary production versus compelled production of material to authorities in your country? Is this material discoverable by third parties? Is there any confidentiality attached to productions to law enforcement in your country?\n\nVoluntary production can be regarded in a positive light by a judge, as can effective co-operation with the authorities. However, it can generally not be challenged before the courts. In criminal law, even if the investigative dossier is supposed to be protected by secrecy, the company should be conscious that, once a document has been handed to the public prosecutor, it is possible that it will be given to third parties.\n\nProsecution and penalties\n\n63 What types of penalties may companies or their directors, officers or employees face for misconduct in your country?\n\nIndividuals could face financial penalties and detention, as well as seizure and ancillary penalties (such as disqualification).\n\nIn respect of vicarious criminal liability, Italian law provides for four types of penalties: financial penalties, disqualifying measures, seizure and publication of the judgment.\n\n64 Where there is a risk of a corporate’s suspension, debarment or other restrictions on continuing business in your country, what options or restrictions apply to a corporate wanting to settle in another country?\n\nLegislative Decree No. 50/2016, which adopted Directive 2014/24/EU on public procurement, prohibits companies found guilty (in the previous five years) of specific offences (e.g., corruption, fraud, money laundering, terrorism) from competing for government contracts throughout the European Union.\n\n65 What do the authorities in your country take into account when fixing penalties?\n\nAccording to the Italian Constitution, penalties cannot consist of any treatment that is inhumane and must have the aim of rehabilitation of the convicted individual.\n\nItalian criminal law provides for specific criteria to fix a penalty.\n\nWith regard to individuals, the judge takes into account the seriousness of the crime deriving from several aspects (such as the nature of the offence, the modality of the action, the seriousness of the consequent damage, the intensity of the fraud, existing precedents, the subsequent conduct of the accused, and so on).\n\nCorporations are punished with financial penalties based on a quota system, considering various factors: the seriousness of the deed, the degree of liability of the entity and the activity carried out by the entity to eliminate or diminish the consequences of the unlawful act and to prevent the commission of further unlawful acts. The judge also considers the economic and financial status of the entity. The amount of the financial penalty, therefore, is determined by multiplying the first factor (number of quotas) by the second (quota amount). Moreover, if the product or the profit is significant, the sanction could be increased by 10 times the amount of the product or the profit.\n\nResolution and settlements short of trial\n\n66 Are non-prosecution agreements or deferred prosecution agreements available in your jurisdiction for corporations?\n\nItalian case law states that the law on probation is applicable only to individuals. Neither non-prosecution agreements nor deferred prosecution agreements are provided for by Italian law.\n\nIt is possible for a corporation to settle a case in advance by means of a special proceeding known as an application of punishment upon request. In particular, the company may agree with the public prosecutor to request the court to impose a penalty (reduced by a maximum of a third), when:\n\n  • the employee, whose conduct triggers the corporate liability, settled the case by means of an application of punishment; or\n  • the only sanction applicable to the corporation is a financial one.\n\nHowever, the agreement between the company and the public prosecution authority will be rejected by the judge if he or she feels a permanent disqualifying sanction is warranted.\n\n67 Does your jurisdiction provide for reporting restrictions or anonymity for corporates that have entered into non-prosecution agreements or deferred prosecution agreements until the conclusion of criminal proceedings in relation to connected individuals to ensure fairness in those proceedings?\n\n\nHowever, proceedings for vicarious liability against a corporate entity are automatically merged with criminal proceedings for an underlying crime allegedly committed by an individual. Therefore, the judicial authority will be aware of the choice of the company in the case of, for example, an application of punishment upon request.\n\n68 Prior to any settlement with a law enforcement authority in your country, what considerations should companies be aware of?\n\nPrior to reaching a settlement with a law enforcement authority, a company should assess the strength of the prosecution and defence cases.\n\nAdverse effects, such as damage to reputation, should be considered. According to Italian law, a settlement cannot be considered a confession of liability by the entity. However, an application of punishment shall be considered equal to a judgment of conviction, unless otherwise provided by the law.\n\nInternational implications should also be considered, such as the effect the settlement could have in regard to ongoing investigations in other jurisdictions (e.g., whether the authority that has settled will disclose information and assist foreign authorities).\n\n69 To what extent do law enforcement authorities in your country use external corporate compliance monitors as an enforcement tool?\n\nExternal corporate compliance monitors are not used as an enforcement tool. However, in specific cases, the law provides for the appointment of a special commissioner (e.g., when a disqualifying measure should be applied, which results in the interruption of all corporate activities).\n\n70 Are parallel private actions allowed? May private plaintiffs gain access to the authorities’ files?\n\nParallel civil actions are allowed. A civil action brought before the civil court may be transferred to criminal proceedings if, in the civil court, a judgment on merits has not been issued. If the action is brought against the accused in a civil court after joining the criminal proceedings as a civil party, or after a judgment of first instance is issued, civil proceedings shall be suspended until the delivery of a final criminal judgment. The plaintiff may have access to the public prosecutor’s dossier.\n\nPublicity and reputational issues\n\n71 Outline the law in your country surrounding publicity of criminal cases at the investigatory stage and once a case is before a court.\n\nUnder the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure, investigative acts carried out by a public prosecutor and the police are protected by secrecy until the accused is entitled to have knowledge of them and, in any case, not beyond the closing of preliminary investigations.\n\nTherefore, publication in the press, or by any other means of communication, of the aforementioned documents or their content, even if partially, is not allowed.\n\nThe publication, in whole or in part, of documents that are no longer protected by secrecy is not allowed until preliminary investigations are concluded or the preliminary hearing is terminated. However, if the proceedings reach the trial stage, publication (in whole or in part) of the documents in the investigative dossier is not allowed prior to the delivery of the appeal judgment.\n\nNevertheless, publication of the content of documents that are no longer protected by secrecy is allowed.\n\n72 What steps do you take to manage corporate communications in your country? Is it common for companies to use a public relations firm to manage a corporate crisis in your country?\n\nCorporate communication is a delicate aspect of management, which should always be carefully evaluated by experts and approved by the legal office and external legal consultants. In fact, an incorrect press release by a company could have a detrimental effect on customers and on the strategy eventually chosen during a trial.\n\nThe biggest companies in Italy rely on both internal and external professionals for public relations.\n\n73 How is publicity managed when there are ongoing related proceedings?\n\nIt is a general rule that the court should not be influenced by press reports surrounding a trial. Therefore, during criminal proceedings, a company should avoid public communications and, when unavoidable, should make only brief and factual statements that have been approved by their external legal consultants.\n\nDuty to the market\n\n74 Is disclosure to the market in circumstances where a settlement has been agreed but not yet made public mandatory?\n\nPrivately owned corporations with no reporting obligations under the securities laws are generally not required to publicly disclose the existence of a settlement.\n\n\nAnticipated developments\n\n75 Do you expect to see any key regulatory or legislative changes emerge in the next year or so designed to address corporate misconduct?\n\nTo address corporate misconduct, there is an ongoing debate in Italy in relation to the possibility of making the implementation of compliance programmes mandatory, when requested to exclude corporate vicarious liability. Several law proposals aim to extend the crimes that could trigger the vicarious liability of corporations.\n\nMoreover, there are increasing requests for the introduction of restorative justice to stimulate self-reporting by companies, in exchange for the possibility to reach a settlement with the enforcement authorities for the dismissal of a criminal case.\n\nAt a European level, considering that existing EU bodies lack the necessary powers to carry out criminal investigations for crimes against the EU budget, trust is placed in the European Public Prosecutor’s Office, which is currently being set up, with the aim that it should be operational at the end of 2020.\n\n\n[1] Enrico Di Fiorino and Lorena Morrone are partners at Fornari e Associati.\n\nGet unlimited access to all Global Investigations Review content", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9894076585769653}
+{"content": "Can I Train Legs 3 Times A Week?\n\nCan you build muscle on skinny legs?\n\n“A lot of research supports using lower loads and higher volume to build your legs,” explains Clayton.\n\n“For three weeks, try doing a higher volume using lower weight—say, 10 sets of 10 reps with something light.\n\nRecover for a week.\n\nAnd then go heavy with 6-10 reps, [and then] 5 sets of 3-5 reps..\n\nWhat’s the hardest muscle to build?\n\nEach person may have a single muscle group that both infuriates and perplexes them, one that differs from somebody else, but generally the hardest muscles to build are those found in the calves. This is due to the anatomical configuration of the calf muscles.\n\nHow long does it take to get toned legs?\n\nFirst of all, let’s give you some good news. You can see small results in even two to four weeks, after you begin a leg workout. You will have better stamina, and your legs will look a little more defined. But all in all, depending on your fitness levels, it does take three to four months for any remarkable difference.\n\nHow many rest days should you have a week?\n\nCue the ever-important rest day. It turns out, experts pretty much agree on the number of rest days people who are in good shape and exercising regularly should take: On average, you should be taking two days per week for rest and active recovery.\n\nDoes running count as leg day?\n\nIf your goal is to build muscle then no. If your goal is to increase stamina or speed then yes, it’ll count as a leg day. … Running while one of the best forms of exercising does not replace leg days. With running you incorporate more then just your legs and Its more cardio then workout.\n\nCan you do 3 Leg days a week?\n\nThe best way to bring up a weak point is through a well-designed specialization routine. Auto-regulation and the use of the Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale is extremely important. If you’re pushing the intensity on this program, three days per week is plenty.\n\nHow can I bulk up my legs fast?\n\nLungesStand and tighten your stomach muscles.Move one leg forward like you’re stepping forward.Lean ahead like you’re about to kneel so that each knee is at a 90-degree angle.Put weight back onto your heel to return to your original stance.Repeat on one leg as many times as is comfortable.Repeat on your other leg.Aug 27, 2020\n\nCan I train legs 2 days in a row?\n\nIt’s perfectly fine to train the same muscle group or perform the same exercise(s) multiple days in a row. … For example, individuals who experience knee pain during Barbell Squats are often able to squat pain-free if they warm-up their hamstrings first with exercises like Back extensions or Leg Curls.\n\nHow many hours should I workout a day?\n\nBut experts recommend that an average person stick to existing public health guidelines, which recommend that children and teenagers exercise one hour every day and adults get a weekly minimum of two hours and 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity (such as brisk walking, dancing, gardening) or one hour and …\n\nHow many times a week can you train legs?\n\nAdvice: If your training consists of high-volume sets and reps, train legs once per week. If you’re working at lower intensity or lower volume, train legs twice per week. Staple movements to incorporate are squats, leg presses, leg curls, leg extensions and lunges. Don’t have a workout plan?\n\nIs it OK to train 3 times a week?\n\n“You should train at least three times a week if you want to achieve your health and fitness goals in a reasonable amount of time, and stay fit and healthy,” Mans explains.\n\nIs 3 Leg days too much?\n\nYou need to be hitting the weights at least three days per week. The research says that at the very least, training a minimum of two days per week is needed to maximize muscle growth. How you structure your workouts and the amount of days you devote to strength training depends on your current fitness level.\n\nDo leg muscles grow fast?\n\nIf you have everything going for you — including factors completely beyond your control such as gender, age and hormone balance — and work hard, you might be able to gain 2 pounds of muscle per month. But for most people, a rate of about 3 pounds every two months is more typical.\n\nWill I see results working out 3 days a week?\n\nIf you’re doing a short interval training workout — something like a high-intensity 7-to-10 minute circuit — you should be doing it three-to-five times a week to see results. Though short workouts can be effective, you still have to do them enough that your body is regularly stimulated and your muscles grow.\n\nIs 3 day split workout enough?\n\nDeciding to ditch single muscle bro splits and opting instead to follow a 3 day muscle split program is a good move for the serious lifter. Working out 3 days per week lets you hit all of your major muscles in every workout. This allows you you to target a high-frequency, high-volume approach.\n\nIs OK to do squats everyday?\n\nSome fitness experts recommend the squat as the one exercise people should do every day if they had no time for anything else. “50 squats a day will keep the doctor away—seriously,” Dr. … “Daily squats will help you mentally and will even give you better yearly check-ups with your primary physician.”\n\nWhy is leg day so important?\n\nLeg workouts engage the major muscle groups of your body, which helps to improve overall athletic performance and support healthy movement patterns in your daily life. A strong lower body will also help to prevent injury and manage chronic conditions such as arthritis, heart disease, and diabetes.\n\nIs it bad to train legs twice a week?\n\nNewsflash: If you really want to grow, you need to train legs at least twice a week. Research has shown that the sweet spot for maximizing hypertrophy (muscular growth) involves training each muscle group at least twice per week1. … The longer that switch is on, the more muscle you can build.\n\nWhich day is best for leg day?\n\nThe reason why Monday is leg day is simple. It’s your biggest muscle group and provides the foundation for all your other muscle groups. If you train the smaller muscles first you’ll make them weaker, taking away from the larger muscle groups, which require more strength.\n\nCan you train legs twice in one day?\n\nWorking out two times a day can be brutal, but it can also quadruple your gains. Some people just love to train. So much, in fact, that they’ll train twice per day.\n\nWhy is my body thin but my legs fat?\n\nEndomorphs naturally have muscular legs, and they tend to store most of their body fat in their thigh area. So, if you want to lean your legs out, you need to reduce your leg muscle. And you also need to lose overall body fat to lose that stubborn thigh fat.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8449525237083435}
+{"content": "How Does A Small Sample Size Affect Reliability?\n\nWhat is a good sample size?\n\nA good maximum sample size is usually 10% as long as it does not exceed 1000.\n\nA good maximum sample size is usually around 10% of the population, as long as this does not exceed 1000.\n\nFor example, in a population of 5000, 10% would be 500.\n\nIn a population of 200,000, 10% would be 20,000..\n\nWhy is 30 samples statistically significant?\n\nIf one of the objectives is to use the pilot to estimate the standard deviation of a variable, so that a sample estimate may be determined for a subsequent definitive study, a sample size of 30 will underestimate the standard deviation in about 80% (leading to an underpowered study) and overestimate it in about 20% (in …\n\nWhat are the disadvantages of having too small a sample size?\n\nA small sample size also affects the reliability of a survey’s results because it leads to a higher variability, which may lead to bias. The most common case of bias is a result of non-response. Non-response occurs when some subjects do not have the opportunity to participate in the survey.\n\nWhy is it bad to have a small sample size?\n\nSmall samples are bad. … If we pick a small sample, we run a greater risk of the small sample being unusual just by chance. Choosing 5 people to represent the entire U.S., even if they are chosen completely at random, will often result if a sample that is very unrepresentative of the population.\n\nDoes sample size affect bias?\n\nIncreasing the sample size tends to reduce the sampling error; that is, it makes the sample statistic less variable. However, increasing sample size does not affect survey bias. A large sample size cannot correct for the methodological problems (undercoverage, nonresponse bias, etc.) that produce survey bias.\n\nWhat is statistically valid sample size?\n\nStatistically Valid Sample Size Criteria Probability or percentage: The percentage of people you expect to respond to your survey or campaign. Confidence: How confident you need to be that your data is accurate. Expressed as a percentage, the typical value is 95% or 0.95.\n\nHow does small sample size affect validity?\n\nThe answer to this is that an appropriate sample size is required for validity. If the sample size it too small, it will not yield valid results. An appropriate sample size can produce accuracy of results. Moreover, the results from the small sample size will be questionable.\n\nIs 30 a good sample size?\n\nThe Large Enough Sample Condition tests whether you have a large enough sample size compared to the population. A general rule of thumb for the Large Enough Sample Condition is that n≥30, where n is your sample size. Your sample size is >40, as long as you do not have outliers. …\n\nWhat factors determine sample size?\n\nIn general, three or four factors must be known or estimated to calculate sample size: (1) the effect size (usually the difference between 2 groups); (2) the population standard deviation (for continuous data); (3) the desired power of the experiment to detect the postulated effect; and (4) the significance level.\n\nWhat is the minimum sample size for a quantitative study?\n\n\nHow small is too small for a sample size?\n\nThe numbers behind this phenomenon are kind of complicated, but often a small sample size in a study can cause results that are almost as bad, if not worse, than not running a study at all. Despite these statistical assertions, many studies think that 100 or even 30 people is an acceptable number.\n\nHow do you justify small sample size?\n\nIf the sample size is greater than 30, then we use the z-test. If the population size is small, than we need a bigger sample size, and if the population is large, then we need a smaller sample size as compared to the smaller population.\n\nWhen should you increase sample size?\n\nHigher sample size allows the researcher to increase the significance level of the findings, since the confidence of the result are likely to increase with a higher sample size. This is to be expected because larger the sample size, the more accurately it is expected to mirror the behavior of the whole group.\n\nDoes population size affect sample size?\n\nThe larger the population, the larger the sample size, that’s what would happen if we were doing a fraction like that. Directly proportional to the population size.\n\nHow does sample size affect accuracy?\n\nHowever, it is always dependent upon the size of the sample.” … Hence, with all other factors held steady, as sample size increases, the standard error decreases, or gets more precise. Put another way, as the sample size increases so does the statistical precision of the parameter estimate.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998847246170044}
+{"content": "Introductory Macroeconomics with a Job Guarantee\n\nIn some earlier posts, a job guarantee is added to an otherwise condensed income-expenditure model. This enables comparisons of steady states under different scenarios akin to the typical exercises conducted in introductory macroeconomics courses. What follows is a summary of the model, bringing together aspects that are dealt with in greater depth – but disparately – elsewhere on the blog, along with brief indications of how the model can be extended to include simple dynamics and short-run price behavior. Links to fuller explanations of various concepts are provided along the way.\n\nSimplifying assumptions\n\nThe model composes the economy into sector b and sector j. Sector j is the job guarantee sector. Its operations are confined to the activity of workers employed in the job guarantee program. Sector b is the broader economy, which includes the public sector other than job guarantee activity, the domestic private sector and the external sector. It is supposed that plant, equipment and materials used in the job guarantee program, as well as public administration of the program, are supplied by the broader economy. It is assumed, as in earlier posts, that inputs into job guarantee production are purchased from the domestic economy. The final section notes briefly how the model can be modified to allow for imported inputs.\n\nThe simple short-run model considered here has the following features:\n\n1. Productive capacity is fixed.\n\n2. The level of total employment is exogenously given. The sectoral composition of employment varies endogenously.\n\n3. Productivity is higher in sector b than in sector j. Productivity within each sector is taken as given. This implies that average productivity for the economy as a whole varies endogenously and procyclically as workers switch between the two sectors.\n\n4. Induced household consumption expenditure (considered net of endogenous taxes and endogenous imports) and the government’s job guarantee spending are endogenous. All other categories of spending are exogenous. They are considered net of exogenous taxes and exogenous imports and simply grouped together as autonomous demand. These expenditures include autonomous household consumption expenditure, private investment, government spending other than on the job guarantee, and exports.\n\n5. A constant fraction of an increment in income drains to taxes, saving and imports.\n\nBasic model\n\nThe model is depicted in steady-state condition (1) and behavioral equations (2) to (4):\n\nSteady state condition (1) requires total output Y to be adjusted to total demand Yd. Total demand is the sum of induced net consumption CI, job guarantee spending Gj and autonomous demand A, as shown in (2). According to (3), induced consumption is positively related to total income, where α is the constant marginal propensity to leak. According to (4), job guarantee spending is inversely related to total income.\n\nExamining (4) a little more closely, the government’s spending on the job guarantee is interpreted as a fraction q of the ‘output gap’, here defined to be the difference between maximum possible output ρbL and actual output Y. Maximum possible output is the output that would be produced if all employment L could be located in sector b operating with productivity ρb. Due to the requirements of price stability, this level of output will not be tolerated by policymakers. To the extent that some employment is located in sector j, actual output will fall short of the maximum possible, resulting in the output gap ρbL – Y.\n\nThe fraction q is constant under present assumptions. From (4),\n\nwhere wj is the exogenously given job guarantee wage, taken to define sector j productivity, ϕ is the wage share in job guarantee spending, assumed for simplicity to be constant, and Lj is sector j employment. The logic underpinning (5) is explained in part 2 of a recent series on the job guarantee in the subsection on job guarantee spending.\n\nSubstituting (3) and (4) into (2) gives the demand function:\n\nSubstituting this expression into (1) and solving for Y gives the steady-state level of total output:\n\nIt is convenient to define j as the ratio of job guarantee spending to total income. Dividing both sides of (4) by Y gives\n\nThis says that j varies inversely with total income. In a steady state, j stabilizes:\n\nIn general, the sectoral levels of output are endogenously determined proportions of total output:\n\nIn a steady state,\n\nExpressions for Yb* and Yj* involving only parameters and exogenous variables can be obtained by substituting for j* and Y* in (10′) and (11′). These and other aspects of the steady state are outlined in the first section of an earlier post.\n\nThe model in this simple form can be represented in terms of the familiar Keynesian cross diagram, as explained in part 2 of the job guarantee series linked to above.\n\nAs also explained in an earlier post, simple dynamics can be introduced into the model by positing that sector b output changes in proportion to excess demand. This, in turn, implies particular dynamics for sector j output and total output. It can be shown (see here) that, for given values of the parameters and exogenous variables, the system always tends toward the steady state.\n\nA short-run relationship between the price level and total output can be introduced by assuming markup or normal pricing but allowing for a demand influence over the business cycle. Letting P0 denote a purely supply-determined price level that would prevail in the absence of excess demand or excess supply pressures and supposing that deviations from this price level reflect demand conditions, it can be specified for instance that\n\nwhere R is the fraction of total employment located in sector j (the buffer employment ratio), Rn is the buffer employment ratio that occurs when excess demand pressures are absent (assumed to correspond to normal output Yn), and β is a positive parameter measuring the sensitivity of prices to fluctuations in demand. Price equation (12), which reflects an inverse relationship between the price level and the buffer employment ratio, implies a corresponding direct relationship between the price level and total output. For small values of β, the price level is very stable over a fairly wide range of output near Yn but escalates as the economy nears maximum possible output. The supply-determined P0 will be susceptible to influence through the government’s role as price setter in, at minimum, the establishment of the job guarantee wage. Fluctuations in demand will be moderated, in part, by the automatic stabilizing properties of the job guarantee along with other automatic stabilizers and any countercyclical discretionary actions by government. A fuller discussion can be found here.\n\nAllowing for imported inputs in sector j production\n\nIf the government imported some of the equipment and materials used in job guarantee production, not all job guarantee spending would contribute to total demand. The model can be modified to allow for this. Letting mj denote the fraction of job guarantee spending going to imports, and treating this fraction as constant, equation (2) of the basic model becomes\n\nIf ϕ, the wage share in job guarantee spending, were permitted to vary, it would be necessary to subtract (1 – ϕ)mjGj from Gj rather than subtracting mjGj as in (2′). But so long as ϕ is assumed constant, as it is here and in earlier treatments, the modification given by (2′) suffices. This modifies the demand function to\n\nimplying steady-state total output of\n\nTo make the most of the stabilizing properties of the job guarantee, it would probably make sense for government to avoid or at least minimize the importing of sector j inputs. With this in mind, it seems preferable to skip the slight complication of imported inputs and assume all job guarantee spending is on the domestic economy.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8829571604728699}
+{"content": "Lourdes Grobet\n\nLourdes Grobet (b.1940, Mexico)  is a Mexican photographer most known for her work documenting the vibrant lives of lucha libre fighters both in and out of the ring.\n\nLucha libre meaning “freestyle wrestling” is a distinctly Mexican sport characterised by its theatricality, spectacularly attired masked performers and dramatic choreography.\n\nRead More\n\nAs competitors of a sport rooted in physical strength and aggression, luchadores are often heralded as prototypes of masculinity. In many ways lucha libre is performance art entrenched in masculinity, a spectacle that encapsulates the “machismo” visible in every strata of Mexican culture.\n\nIn her work Lourdes disrupts conventional imagery surrounding luchadores by re-centering her subjects in domestic spaces far removed from the pageantry of the ring. Through casting a feminine gaze on an iconic part of Mexican heritage, Lourdes is able to explore the power dynamics and gender roles that are pervasive throughout Mexico\n\nConnect with Lourdes | Instagram |\n\nHeroines 2020\n\nLorna Simpson\n\nLua Ribeira", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9640188813209534}
+{"content": "Secondary Logo\n\nJournal Logo\n\n\nModel of Steady-state Temperature Rise in Multilayer Tissues Due to Narrow-beam Millimeter-wave Radiofrequency Field Exposure\n\nGajda, Gregory B.; Lemay, Eric; Paradis, Jonathan1\n\nAuthor Information\ndoi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001036\n  • Open\n\n\n\nHuman exposure limits for the millimeter (mm)-wave radiofrequency (RF) band (i.e., above 6 or 10 GHz) transition from limiting whole-body averaged and spatial-peak specific absorption rate (SAR) to specifying limits based upon maximum power density (ICNIRP 1998; IEEE 2005). This is due to the highly superficial nature of mm-wave energy deposition, which is known to produce surface heating of the skin and is not conducive to volumetric averaging (Wu et al. 2015). The limits are specified both in terms of their temporal steady-state values, under the assumption that the exposure is indefinite, and in terms of a time-averaging period for which higher intensity exposures of shorter durations are allowed.\n\nThe steady-state limits pertain to uniform exposure over large areas of the body (whole-body exposure), with separate provisions for localized exposure in terms of spatially averaged power density. Because of the nature of propagation at these frequencies, wireless devices operating in the mm-wave band will likely make use of adaptive, phased-array techniques, producing narrow beams (Andrews et al. 2014). Coupled with the short wavelengths from mm-waves, exposures from such devices are likely to be highly localized. In addition to the localized nature of the exposure, the effect of tissue curvature takes on less importance as the wavelength decreases. This factor serves to increase the relevance of planar models when characterizing skin heating due to exposure.\n\nThe whole-body power density limits are based upon an acceptable surface temperature rise in the skin, which has been extensively modeled (Alekseev and Ziskin 2003; Kanezaki et al. 2010; Foster et al. 2016; Hashimoto et al. 2017) and to a lesser extent, measured (Blick et al. 1997; Walters et al. 2000; Nelson et al. 2003; Alekseev et al. 2005; Adibzadeh et al. 2016). It is known that as the irradiated area decreases, maximum steady-state temperature rise also decreases for the same spatial-peak power density (Foster et al. 2016). With characterization of narrow-beam temperature rise response, spatial-averaging schemes can be developed that result in similar surface temperature rise as for plane waves. In addition, criteria for spatial-peak power density as a function of beam width can be developed that maintain maximum temperature rise below a predefined threshold. Thus, a simple and direct method for calculating steady-state temperature rises in response to narrow-beam exposure would be beneficial in the development of such schemes.\n\nSteady-state temperature rise in tissue has been calculated through solution of the Pennes bioheat transfer equation (BHTE) (Pennes 1948). Response to whole-body or large-area exposure is obtained from solutions of the one-dimensional, planar formulation (Anderson et al. 2010; Kanezaki et al. 2010; Sasaki et al. 2017), while responses to narrow-beam exposure have been obtained from solutions of a cylindrically symmetric, two-dimensional formulation of the BHTE (Alekseev et al. 2005; Zhadobov et al. 2015). Many of these works have concentrated on a specific multilayer model (i.e., with fixed layer thicknesses) that may not reflect the true variation of thicknesses among different individuals and body sites. Anderson et al. (2010) used a Monte Carlo approach that incorporated statistical tissue thickness variations in a one-dimensional formulation up to 10 GHz, while Sasaki et al. (2017) performed a similar analysis from 10 GHz to 1 THz.\n\nThe wide variation of tissue thicknesses suggest the need for information on temperature rise due to narrow-beam exposure, taking into account the statistical variation of tissue layer thicknesses and in a form that is easily calculated and which can be used in the development of mm-wave exposure standards. This work has aimed at developing a relatively simple analytical model for the steady-state temperature rise that embodies the statistical variation of layer thickness at frequencies from 10 to 80 GHz. Monte Carlo techniques are used in conjunction with finite-difference (FD) solutions of the BHTE where localized exposure is treated by solving the two-dimensional, rotationally symmetric version (henceforth referred to as a 3D solution). Finally, the results of the Monte Carlo/FD solutions are used to derive parameters that when substituted into a closed-form formula can reproduce the Monte Carlo/FD temperature rise data.\n\n\nIt will be assumed that all SAR distributions and resulting temperature rises in the tissues result from far-field, normally incident fields on planar tissues. Table 1 explains symbols, units, and quantities. For a circularly symmetric beam, the distribution of intensity that would occur on the surface (without the presence of the tissues) is defined as the projected power density S(r), where r is the radial distance from the center of the beam. For the purpose of this study, the projected power density beam width (m) is taken to be the span over which the intensity falls to one-half the maximum value occurring at the center and is defined as the half-power projected beam width (HPBW; shown in Fig. 1). For frequencies from 28 GHz up to 75 GHz, the smallest HPBWs for which far-field conditions may exist lie within the bounds 0.01–0.004 m, respectively (based upon the idealized case of an isotropic point source located one-half wavelength from the projection plane).\n\nTable 1\nTable 1:\nSymbols, units, and quantities.\nFig. 1\nFig. 1:\nDefinitions of half-power projected beam width (HPBW) of the projected power density distribution and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the transverse SAR distribution from a narrow, circularly symmetric power density beam. Both distributions are presented as Gaussian with width parameters g and g s related to FWHM and HPBW, respectively.\n\nThe resulting distribution of SAR in the tissues is also circularly symmetric and through any transverse slice at z = zo, has a bell-shaped intensity distribution, SAR(r, zo), as shown in Fig. 1. The transverse distribution of SAR will be assumed to be Gaussian, whose width at half-intensity will be termed the full width at half maximum (FWHM). The FWHM is related to the HPBW but, in general, is not equal to it. The relationship between the two parameters is dependent upon the source that produces the power density.\n\nThe tissue surface is assumed to extend to infinity in the directions transverse to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave and is usually truncated in depth as shown in Fig. 2. The truncated or maximum depth is chosen such that the calculated temperature rise approximately decays to zero, which would hold true if the tissue extended to infinity.\n\nFig. 2\nFig. 2:\nGeometry of the electromagnetic/thermal problem for a 3-tissue configuration. Transverse electric and magnetic (TEM) waves are normally incident on the tissue half-space with incident (unperturbed), plane-wave power density S inc.\n\nCalculation of axial SAR distribution\n\nCalculation of the axial SAR distribution follows the method employed in Drossos et al. (2000) and Kanezaki et al. (2010). This method makes use of the known solution of a plane wave propagating in layered, lossy media where the amplitudes of the forward- and reverse-travelling electric and magnetic fields constitute the unknowns in an algebraic system of equations. The system is solved for the unknown field amplitudes, from which the SAR can be calculated as a function of the axial coordinate (i.e. from the surface into the tissue). The intensity or amplitude of the resulting one-dimensional (1D) SAR distribution, SAR(z), is directly proportional to the incident power density, Sinc, which is used as the normalizing quantity for the 1D temperature rise.\n\nCalculation of steady-state temperature rise\n\nBoth 3D (from a Gaussian projected beam) and 1D (from a plane wave) solutions of the BHTE are required to develop the analytical model. The BHTE in cylindrical coordinates (i.e., having variation in the axial z and radial r directions) is:\n\nwhere SAR(r,z) is the 3D distribution of SAR in the tissues and U = U(r,z) = T(r,z) – Tblood represents the difference between the local tissue temperature T(r,z) and the baseline temperature (taken to be Tblood = 37oC).\n\nFor layered tissues, the z-dependent thermal/physical parameters are: mb, the blood perfusion (volumetric) rate in units of m3 kg−1 s−1; ρ, the mass density in units of kg m−3; and k, the tissue heat conductivity in units of W m−1 oC−1. Parameters that are uniform throughout all layers are: Cb, the specific heat capacity of blood in units of J kg−1 oC−1; and ρb, the mass density of blood.\n\nEquation (1) is solved subject to the boundary condition on the surface\n\nwhere Tair is the ambient temperature of the surrounding air (for all subsequent calculations, an air temperature of 22oC is assumed), T(r,0) is the temperature on the surface of the tissues, and h is a heat transfer coefficient with units of W m−2 oC−1. The term on the left-hand side of eqn (2) represents the rate of heat flow away from the surface. If insulating or adiabatic conditions exist on the surface, then h = 0 in eqn (2).\n\nThree additional boundary conditions are used to solve eqn (1) (Alekseev et al. 2005). One is ∂U/∂r = 0 along the z-axis, which arises because of the circular symmetry. Another is T(r,∞) → Tblood (or U(r,∞) = 0), which arises because the RF power is absorbed superficially, and the temperature rise, therefore, decays to zero as tissue depth increases. The third is T(∞ ,z) = Tnull(z) or U(∞ ,z) = Unull(z) where Tnull(z) is the temperature distribution in the tissues in the absence of RF exposure. It is found by solving the 1D BHTE (as a function of z only) with SAR(z) = 0, which is discussed in more detail below.\n\nFor a 1D solution of eqn (1) (i.e., for plane-wave exposure), the differential terms with respect to r are dropped and only the axial SAR distribution (i.e., SAR(z)) is used. For this case, the solution U(z) is a function only of the axial coordinate z. The net temperature rise for the 1D case ∆T1D(z) is the difference between the temperature calculated at full SAR Tfull(z) and that calculated with SAR(z) = 0, Tnull(z), or is given by ∆T1D(z) = Ufull(z) – Unull(z).\n\nFor the 3D case, the 1D null distribution represents the temperatures in the tissues prior to exposure (this distribution is independent of r) and serves as the boundary condition as r → ∞. The net temperature rise for the 3D case ∆T3D(r,z) is equal to the difference between the 3D solution at full SAR Ufull(r,z) and the 1D null solution Unull(z), or is given by ∆T3D(r,z) = Ufull(r,z) – Unull(z).\n\nFor the 3D analyses, the 3D SAR distribution (i.e., SAR(r,z)) is obtained from the axial SAR distribution by multiplying the latter by a Gaussian term in r (Alekseev et al. 2005):\n\nwhere g is the Gaussian width parameter, which is equal to g = 0.601 FWHM.\n\nThe SAR distribution of eqn (3) is assumed to have been the result of a narrow, projected beam of power density with maximum intensity in the center of the beam given by So.\n\nAnalytical model for steady-state temperature rise from a narrow, projected beam\n\nExamples of distributions of steady-state surface temperature rise for a 4-layer tissue (under adiabatic conditions), illuminated with different projected beam widths at the same spatial-peak power density So, are shown in Fig. 3. These distributions were obtained from finite-difference solutions of eqn (1), which will be dealt with later. In the figure, the FWHM of the transverse distribution of SAR is used as a surrogate for the projected HPBW, a feature that is used throughout this work.\n\nFig. 3\nFig. 3:\nExamples of steady-state, surface temperature rise distributions for different FWHM at the same spatial-peak power density S o (424 W m−2) for an adiabatic, 4-tissue configuration (skin: 1 mm; SAT: 2 mm; skull: 5 mm; and brain: 42 mm) at 10 GHz. The maximum surface temperature rise, ∆T o = ∆T 3D(0,0), occurs in the center of the distribution (i.e., at r = 0).\n\nAn analytical solution for the temperature rise at r = 0 (i.e., the maximum temperature rise) was obtained by Foster et al. (2016) using a Green’s function formulation of the BHTE. Its derivation was based on the assumption of purely superficial SAR deposition on a homogeneous tissue and under adiabatic surface boundary conditions. The analytical model proposed here is based on the Foster et al. (2016) solution extended to the case of multilayer tissues, SAR depositions that penetrate into the tissue, and for convective surface boundary conditions. The maximum temperature rise (in the center of the beam) ΔTo in the multilayer tissue is modeled as:\n\nwhere the quantity (∆Tplane/Sinc) is the maximal steady-state temperature rise per unit incident plane-wave power density (in the same tissue configuration) and R1-eff is the effective diffusion length for the multilayer tissues. The function erfc{X} is the complementary error function of the variable X.\n\nFor homogeneous tissues, the effective diffusion length becomes the diffusion length R1 given by (Foster et al. 2016):\n\nwhere k, ρ, and mb are constant throughout the single tissue. The effect that the parameter R1-eff has on the maximal temperature-rise response vs. beam width is shown in Fig. 4. As seen from this figure, the value of R1-eff controls the rate at which ΔTo/So asymptotically approaches ΔTplane/Sinc (or for the case where So = Sinc, where the narrow-beam temperature rise approaches that of a plane wave). This parameter is determined by using a procedure that takes values of ΔTo/So from 3D solutions for a range of values of FWHM and a single 1D solution to determine (∆Tplane/Sinc) (for the same tissue configuration) and curve fits them to eqn (4).\n\nFig. 4\nFig. 4:\nMaximum, normalized, steady-state, temperature rise ∆T o/S o normalized to (∆T plane/S inc) as a function of the FWHM of a narrow, projected beam with Gaussian SAR distribution (from eqn 4) for three different values of effective diffusion length R 1- eff.\n\nThe four parameters in the analytical model of eqn (4) can be divided into two categories. Parameters So and FWHM are deterministic, electromagnetic quantities obtained from the known exposure conditions (e.g., for a given source and SAR distribution). The remaining two parameters, (∆Tplane/Sinc) and R1-eff, are thermally based quantities that depend on frequency and tissue configuration (i.e. composition and thicknesses of the different layers). Because of the random variation of layer thicknesses in the population and among different exposure sites, these two parameters are stochastic in nature and can be described by a statistic (e.g., a percentile value p). When used with the analytical model (eqn 4), the deterministic exposure parameters along with the stochastic, tissue-related ones allow the narrow-beam temperature rise to be calculated without the need for solving the 3D BHTE. The goal of this study was to derive values of the two stochastic parameters as a function of frequency and tissue configuration.\n\nModel parameter determination\n\nTwo different layered tissue configurations were used. One was comprised of three tissues consisting of thin layers of skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) backed by a bulk layer of muscle. The other was a 4-tissue configuration comprised of thin layers of skin, SAT, and skull (cortical bone) backed by a bulk layer of brain (grey matter). The latter configuration was intended to represent head tissues (excluding the eye) while the former represents most other body surface locations. An additional configuration consisting only of bulk skin or muscle was used to the check the numerical algorithms against analytical solutions applicable to a single-tissue structure.\n\nSolutions to the 1D and 3D BHTE were carried out using an FD formulation (Zhadobov et al. 2015). A scheme for gridding the tissues was employed that successively increased the grid spacing with increasing depth and radial distance. To ensure less than 1% variation in the 1D result as the grid spacing is varied, the minimum grid step in the z direction was set to 0.05 mm. Grid spacing could be relaxed for the 3D solutions to achieve the same goal because the determination of R1-eff is a process involving ratios of the temperature rise solutions of the 3D and 1D problems. Provided the same grid in the z direction was used for both, effects of the z-grid resolution largely cancelled out. In this case, the smallest grid step was set to 0.1 mm in the z direction and 0.2 mm in the r direction. Sparse matrix techniques were employed to solve these systems.\n\nCurve fitting to determine R1-eff involved the minimization of the sum of squared differences between FD-calculated and modeled temperature rise data using a nonlinear least-squares function in the programming software. For each tissue configuration, a single determination of (∆Tplane/Sinc) (from the 1D BHTE) and four determinations of ΔTo/So (from the 3D BHTE), one for each value of FWHM, were carried out. Values of FWHM equal to 0.005 m, 0.017 m, 0.035 m, and 0.060 m were used for this purpose.\n\nMonte Carlo simulations were performed with the 1D and 3D solvers to extract statistics for (∆Tplane/Sinc) and R1-eff, respectively. Each iteration of the 1D Monte Carlo simulation required two solutions of the 1D BHTE to obtain the null and full temperature distributions and subsequently, the maximum net temperature rise ∆Tplane. An iteration of the 3D Monte Carlo simulation included the previous 1D procedure (to find both Unull(z) and ∆Tplane) as well as four solutions of the 3D BHTE at the four values of FWHM given above. This was then followed by a curve fitting to obtain R1-eff.\n\nIn each iteration of either the 1D or 3D Monte Carlo simulation, the thickness of skin and SAT (3-tissue) or skin, SAT, and skull (4-tissue) were chosen randomly according to distributions derived from thickness data in the published literature (Hwang et al. 1999; Mahinda and Murty 2009; Anderson et al. 2010; Kakasheva-Mazenkovska et al. 2011). Different percentile values of (∆Tplane/Sinc) were extracted from the ensuing 1D solution distributions while the mean and standard deviation (SD) of R1-eff were extracted from the 3D ones.\n\nAll calculations used the electrical and physical/thermal parameters for the various tissues obtained from the IT’IS database (Hasgall et al. 2018).\n\n\nFor a single tissue and for the 1D or plane-wave case, eqn (1) is an ordinary differential equation that can be solved using well-known methods. The complementary solutions are given by the functions A1,2expz/R1} where A1 and A2 are constants. The form of the particular solution is obtained from the 1D SAR distribution given by (Foster et al. 2016):\n\nwhere δ is the power penetration depth (the depth at which SAR(z) drops to exp{−1}) and TR is the power transmission coefficient (the fraction of the incident power density that is transmitted across the interface).\n\nFrom eqn (6), the particular solution is the function B exp{−z/δ} where B is a constant. After applying standard methods, all unknown constants can be found, resulting in the solution U(z) (the details are omitted for brevity). Recalling that the absolute temperature in the tissues is T(z) = U(z) + Tblood, it can be written as:\n\nThe absolute temperature in eqn (7) has two terms, one is the net temperature rise (the term proportional to Sinc) and the other is the null-exposure temperature distribution (independent of power density). Eqn (7) illustrates the significance of the diffusion length R1, which also governs the rate of decay of temperature rise (for δ < R1) in the deep tissues.\n\nFor the adiabatic case (h = 0), the maximum temperature rise occurs at the surface while for the convective heat-loss case, it occurs a very short distance inside the surface of the tissue. It can be shown that the single-tissue temperature rise maximum ΔTsingle-max at this location is given by:\n\nwhile the temperature rise on the surface ΔTsingle(0) is given by:\n\nThe difference between ΔTsingle(0) and ΔTsingle-max is small; for example, being on the order of 0.2%, 0.6%, and 1.1% for values of h = 10, 20, and 30 W m−2 oC−1, respectively, and for skin tissue at 20 GHz. From eqn (9) it is seen that the convective heat-loss condition produces smaller temperature rises than the adiabatic condition.\n\nValidation calculations were carried out for skin (R1 = 0.00670 m) and muscle (R1 = 0.0131 m) using the 1D FD solver with a maximum tissue depth of 50 mm. For muscle, this depth represents about 4 times the diffusion length R1. Since muscle has the larger value of R1 between the two bulk tissues (muscle vs. brain), the temperature rise decays faster in brain. The differences between the analytical values of ΔTplane-max given by eqn (8) and the equivalent 1D FD results ranged from less than 0.05% at 10 GHz to 1% at 80 GHz for both skin and muscle configurations and for either adiabatic or convective heat-loss boundary conditions.\n\nAdditional validation was obtained by observing the 3D FD-derived value of R1-eff for a single tissue under adiabatic conditions. As noted earlier, eqn (4) is exact under the condition where the penetration depth approaches zero. Thus, the curve-fitted value of R1-eff for a single tissue, obtained from a set of 3D FD solutions at different FWHM, should converge to the value of R1 given in eqn (5) as frequency increases. Fig. 5 shows results of the curve-fitted value of R1-eff vs. frequency for a skin-only configuration from 10 to 80 GHz. The value of R1-eff obtained at 80 GHz is 0.00678 m, which is a 1.2% difference from the exact value R1 = 0.00670 m.\n\nFig. 5\nFig. 5:\nCurve-fitted values of R 1- eff vs. frequency, obtained from narrow-beam, 3D FD solutions for a skin-only tissue.\n\nA further validation of the 3D FD solver was carried out using the software package Sim4Life (ZMT Zurich MedTech AG, Zurich, Switzerland), which possesses both voxel-based finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) electromagnetic and thermodynamics solvers. Fig. 6 shows the results of 3D FD and Sim4Life calculations for a 3-tissue configuration (skin: 1.5 mm; SAT: 1.5 mm; and muscle: 67 mm) at 30 GHz under adiabatic conditions. All electrical and thermal/physical parameters in the Sim4Life simulation were set to be identical to the ones found in Hasgall et al. (2018) and used in the 1D and 3D FD solutions.\n\nFig. 6\nFig. 6:\nComparison of Sim4Life results with 3D FD for the 3-tissue configuration (skin: 1.5 mm; SAT: 1.5 mm; muscle: 67 mm) at 30 GHz under adiabatic conditions. Continuous lines represent curve-fitted representations of the above numerical data using the model of eqn (4).\n\nTo implement the electromagnetic source in the Sim4Life simulations, two orthogonal edge sources were placed a distance from the 3-tissue block. The distance was made variable to obtain different projected power density beam widths and values of FWHM (in Sim4Life, an edge source is the electric field defined on one of the edges of a voxel). The two edge sources were excited in time-phase quadrature to produce circular polarization, which resulted in a circular, projected power density distribution on the surface of the tissue block. For each source distance, two simulations were performed, one without the tissue block to obtain the spatial distribution of the unperturbed projected power density and its peak value So. The second, with the block present, was to obtain the SAR distribution width (FWHM) and the resulting temperature rise distribution.\n\nIn Fig. 6, the Sim4Life data (circles) appear to correspond well with the 3D FD results (triangles). Because of limitations on computing capacity, a simulation large enough to closely approach the 1D results could not be carried out, and thus the parameter (∆Tplane/Sinc), had to be fitted from the Sim4Life data. Nevertheless, its value is in good agreement (approximately 2% difference) with the calculated 1D FD values shown in the figure. Comparison of R1-eff between the two methods gives values within 1% of each other.\n\nFrom the Sim4Life results, the transverse distribution of the SAR can be examined in detail. This allows testing of the assumption of a Gaussian distribution of the SAR for the two edge sources. The transverse SAR distributions for two selected values of source-to-tissue spacing (and for which the FWHM values were measured from the Sim4Life SAR data) are shown in Fig. 7. These are compared to analytical Gaussian distributions that give the best fit. From the figure, it is seen that the transverse SAR distributions from the edge sources are very close to Gaussian in shape, especially in the center of the distribution where most of the power is deposited.\n\nFig. 7\nFig. 7:\nTransverse SAR distributions through a z slice just under the surface of the tissue block for FWHM = 0.068 m (source spacing: 50 cm in Sim4Life) and FWHM = 0.013 m (source spacing: 10 cm in Sim4Life).\n\nSize of the hot spot in relation to the projected beam width\n\nIn addition to modeling the maximum temperature rise for narrow-beam exposures, the spatial distribution of temperature rise on the surface was characterized. It is seen in Fig. 3 that the spatial distribution is somewhat Gaussian shaped, which can be characterized by a half-maximum width parameter (in this case, the 50% isotherm diameter) D50. The closeness of the fit of the computed surface temperature rise distribution to a true Gaussian was found to be excellent for relatively wide projected beam widths (and corresponding FWHM). For narrower beams (e.g., FWHM under 10 mm), the fit was found to be good for a radius up D50/2. The value of D50 can be extracted from each solution of the 3D FD solver. Once ∆To and D50 are known for a given FWHM, the surface temperature rise distribution is fully characterized, and quantities such as spatially averaged temperature rise or other isothermic diameters can be computed.\n\nFrom 3D solutions of selected tissue configurations and at different frequencies, it was observed that D50 was found to be approximately linearly related to the FWHM with a slope that is close to unity (for large FWHM, D50 asymptotically approaches the FWHM). In view of this, a model of the form D50 = FWHM + Do was adopted so that only one parameter, Do, is required to model the width of the surface temperature rise distribution. The intercept Do is easily computed from the 3D FD output data using linear regression, and it will be seen that its value changes minimally with frequency. While simplistic in nature, the linear model proposed for D50 is sufficiently accurate for most purposes.\n\nStatistical modeling of skin, SAT, and skull thicknesses\n\nThe statistical model of skin thickness was derived from data contained in Anderson et al. (2010) and Kakasheva et al. (2011). Anderson et al. (2010) report average skin thicknesses for males and females in three age groups and for eight different body sites resulting in a total of 48 thickness values. Kakasheva et al. (2011) report mean thicknesses for five age groups and 15 body sites with no distinction between sexes. Some of the body sites in Kakasheva et al. (2011) were omitted from inclusion because of their location (e.g., soles, lower leg, etc.). There were a combined number of 93 data points used to estimate the distribution. A lognormal distribution with geometric mean (GM) of GM = 0.00166 m and geometric standard deviation (GSD) of GSD = 1.518 was used to represent the distribution of skin thickness in the Monte Carlo simulations.\n\nThe data in Anderson et al. (2010) were used for modeling the thickness of SAT. Mean SAT thicknesses were tabulated for both sexes in three age groups and for eight body sites. A lognormal distribution with GM = 0.00652 m and GSD = 1.781 was used to represent the distribution of SAT thickness in the Monte Carlo simulations.\n\nSkull thickness data was obtained from Mahinda and Murty (2009) and Hwang et al. (1999). The former study reported mean thicknesses at six sites for males and females from 76 individuals. The latter study reported mean thickness at 13 sites from 51 adult Korean individuals. Skull thickness was modeled with a uniform distribution with minimum and maximum limits of 2 mm and 9 mm, respectively.\n\n\n1D Monte Carlo results—(∆Tplane/Sinc)\n\nDistributions of (∆Tplane/Sinc) for the 10–80 GHz range (in 10 GHz increments) were obtained as the result of 10,000 Monte Carlo iterations. At 30 GHz and above, the distributions were bell shaped with slight positive skewness and with median and mean values within 0.8%. At 20 GHz, there was small negative skewness with median and mean values within 0.3%. Distributions at 10 GHz were slightly peaked (small positive kurtosis) with small positive skewness and with median and mean values within 1.7%.\n\nPercentile statistics at selected levels were obtained from the distributions at each frequency. Fig. 8 shows the 95th, 80th, and 50th percentile values for both the 3- and 4-tissue configurations under adiabatic conditions plotted vs. frequency. For all percentile levels and for both adiabatic and convective heat-loss conditions, differences between the 3- and 4-tissue statistics are quite small (typically within 2% of each other).\n\nFig. 8\nFig. 8:\nMaximum plane-wave temperature rise per unit incident power density at different percentile levels vs. frequency from 1D Monte Carlo simulations on 3- and 4-tissue (tiss) (adiabatic) models from 10 GHz to 80 GHz.\n\nThe percentile values of (∆Tplane/Sinc) display an almost linear behavior with frequency above 30 GHz. Below this frequency, they have characteristics of a high-pass function. Over the 10 to 80 GHz range, it was found that they can be modeled as a function of frequency by the product of a linear term and a high-pass function given by:\n\nwhere the subscript p denotes the percentile level, fc is the high-pass corner frequency, while Ap and Bp are the slope and intercept of the linear term at percentile level p, respectively.\n\nSince the results for the 3- and 4-tissue configurations were so close in value, they were averaged together, and those averages were used in the fitting of the data to eqn (10). Table 2 gives curve-fitted values of the parameters in eqn (10) for a range of percentile levels and for the adiabatic and convective heat-loss (h = 10 W m−2 oC−1, Tair = 22oC) conditions. The curve fitting was carried out by nonlinear least-squares over the frequency range 10–80 GHz. The difference between the modeled values using the parameters in Table 2 and the 3- and 4-tissue FD data is on average +1% and −1%, respectively, for the adiabatic condition and +0.7% and −0.7%, respectively, for the convective heat-loss condition.\n\nTable 2\nTable 2:\nTabulated values of the parameters A p and B p and f c used in eqn (10) for calculating (∆T plane/S inc)p as a function of frequency f (in GHz). Values are given for the cases of adiabatic (h = 0 W m−2 oC−1) and convective (h = 10 W m−2 oC−1, T air = 22oC) boundary conditions.\n\nAt the same percentile level, the adiabatic results are approximately 30% larger than the corresponding ones for the case of convective heat loss (h = 10 W m−2 oC−1).\n\n3D Monte Carlo results—R1-eff\n\nA total of 500 iterations were performed at each frequency for the 3-tissue configuration while for the 4-tissue one, 700 iterations were carried out. This was due to the fact that three parameters were varied for the latter (skin, SAT, and skull thickness). The distributions were bell shaped with slight negative skewness at all frequencies. Differences between the mean and median values were under 1% for both tissue configurations and boundary conditions and at all frequencies. Mean values of R1-eff ranged from 0.011 m (3-tissue, adiabatic, 10 GHz) to 0.0076 m (4-tissue, convective, h = 10 W m−2 oC−1, 80 GHz). Ratios of SD/mean (coefficient of variation) were found to be on the order of 7–8% and 2–3% for 4-tissue and 3-tissue configurations respectively, over the 10–80 GHz range and for both adiabatic and convective heat-loss conditions.\n\nFig. 9 presents the mean R1-eff vs. frequency for the 3- and 4-tissue (adiabatic and convective, h = 10 W m−2 oC−1) Monte Carlo simulations, respectively. It was found that the mean could be modeled with respect to frequency by the high-pass function\n\nFig. 9\nFig. 9:\nMean R 1- eff vs. frequency from 3- and 4-tissue 3D Monte Carlo (MC) simulations under adiabatic and convective heat-loss (h = 10 W m−2 oC−1, T air = 22oC) conditions.\n\nwhere Fm is a different constant depending on whether the configuration is 3- or 4-tissue and fc is the corner frequency.\n\nTable 3 gives values of these parameters for the four separate cases consisting of 3-tissue/4-tissue configurations and with adiabatic/convective heat loss, as well as two cases where the 3- and 4-tissue data are averaged. The fitting of the mean R1-eff data to eqn (11) was carried out using nonlinear least-squares over the frequency range 10–80 GHz. The SD obtained from the Monte Carlo distributions of R1-eff are presented in Fig. 10 vs. frequency.\n\nTable 3\nTable 3:\nConstants used for calculating the mean value of R 1- eff using eqn (11), where the result, R 1- eff, is in m and f is in GHz. Convective boundary condition has parameters h = 10 W m−2 oC−1 and T air = 22oC.\nFig. 10\nFig. 10:\nSD of R 1- eff vs. frequency for the 3- and 4-tissue configurations under adiabatic and convective heat-loss (h = 10 W m−2 oC−1, T air = 22oC) conditions. Obtained from the output distributions of 3D Monte Carlo simulations.\n\n3D Monte Carlo results—50% isotherm diameter intercept Do\n\nThe distributions of Do were found to be quite narrow, with a worst-case coefficient of variation (SD/mean) of under 8% for the 4-tissue, convective heat-loss condition. Generally, SD/mean of the 3-tissue configurations were half those of the 4-tissue configurations for both types of boundary condition. The results suggest that the value of the intercept is relatively insensitive to the skin and SAT thickness. Differences of the mean Do between 3- and 4-tissue configurations, for the same boundary conditions, were under 7%. For simplicity, the mean values for the 3- and 4-tissue configurations were averaged and high-pass functions, similar to eqn (11), were fitted. Fig. 11 shows the average of the 3- and 4-tissue mean Do vs. frequency for the adiabatic and convective heat-loss (h = 10 W m−2 oC−1, Tair = 22oC) Monte Carlo simulations along with their fitted high-pass functions.\n\nFig. 11\nFig. 11:\nMean values of D o vs. frequency from 3D Monte Carlo simulation. Curve-fitting was performed on the average of 3- and 4-tissue (tiss) results for the same boundary condition. Convective heat-loss boundary condition has parameters h = 10 W m−2 oC−1 and T air = 22oC.\n\n\nThe development of a closed-form model for predicting narrow-beam temperature rise permits straightforward calculation of any one of the model parameters from knowledge of the others. For instance, the spatial-peak power density in a narrow beam that produces a fixed temperature rise can be computed as a function of the FWHM. This is easily carried out by solving eqn (4) for So and inputting the desired value of ∆To and percentile level of (∆Tplane/Sinc)p and R1-eff. These latter two parameters are calculated using the data in Tables 2 and 3 and eqns (10) and (11), respectively. An example is shown in Fig. 12a for the spatial-peak power density that produces 1oC vs. FWHM for the 50th percentile (∆Tplane/Sinc)p and mean R1-eff, both under adiabatic conditions.\n\nFig. 12\nFig. 12:\nSpatial-peak power density of a narrow beam at four selected frequencies that produces 1oC maximum surface temperature rise for (a) the 50th percentile, adiabatic (∆T plane/S inc) and mean R 1- eff (average of 3- and 4-tissue, adiabatic) and (b) the 95th percentile, convective (h = 10 W m−2 oC−1, T air = 22oC) (∆T plane/S inc) and mean R 1- eff (average of 3- and 4-tissue, convective).\n\nA similar calculation was performed for the case of the 95th percentile (∆Tplane/Sinc) and mean R1-eff (from the averaged 3- and 4-tissue data) for the convective heat-loss boundary condition: h = 10 W m−2 oC−1 and Tair = 22oC. The results are shown in Fig. 12b. The corresponding curves (at the same frequencies) in Fig. 12a and b are similar due to the fact that the 95th percentile, convective (∆Tplane/Sinc) is close in value to the 50th percentile, adiabatic value. Both sets of curves show that for relatively wide beam widths, the 1oC spatial-peak power density asymptotically approaches a constant value that is somewhat larger (depending on frequency) than the occupational or controlled, plane-wave limit of 50 W m−2 used in the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) exposure standard (ICNIRP 1998).\n\nAnother application of the temperature rise model could be in the calculation of spatially averaged surface temperatures using the 50% isotherm diameter D50. Additionally, the simple nature of the model lends itself to investigations of spatial-averaging areas for power density in the development of exposure standards. For instance, Hashimoto et al. (2017) propose an averaging area of 400 mm2, stating that nonuniform power densities averaged over this area and meeting the plane-wave limit produce temperature rise close to that of a plane wave at the limit (Hashimoto et al. 2017). This conclusion is tested using the model of eqn (4).\n\nTo begin, the projected beam in Fig. 1, characterized by the width parameter gs = 0.601 × HPBW and peak value So, is spatially averaged over a circular area of radius Ra by integrating the distribution over this radius (details are given in Neufeld et al. 2018). If the resulting spatial average is made equal to the plane-wave limit, SLimit, then the relationship between SLimit and So is:\n\nThe temperature rise for this power density distribution, whose peak power density is defined by eqn (12), will be denoted as ∆To,ave and can be found by solving for So from eqn (12) and substituting the result into eqn (4). The resulting temperature rise is a function of both HPBW and FWHM, and thus the relationship between these two parameters must be characterized. For simplicity, a simple linear relationship can be assumed whereby FWHM/HPBW is a constant K (K < 1). In addition, to complete the calculation using eqn (4), a percentile value of (∆Tplane/Sinc)p is chosen for the frequency of interest:\n\nThe averaging area that results in a fixed ∆To,ave (e.g., ∆To,ave = 1oC) can be found by numerically solving eqn (13) for Ra given the assumed HPBW and values of (∆Tplane/Sinc)p and R1-eff at the chosen frequency.\n\nA slightly different approach can be taken whereby the efficacy of the averaging area is evaluated by observing how close the narrow-beam temperature rise ∆To,ave (for spatially averaged power density) is to the temperature rise from a plane wave at the plane-wave limit ∆Tlimit. The latter can be calculated (for the percentile level p) as: ∆Tlimit = SLimit(∆Tplane/Sinc)p. A test ratio can be formed by the quotient ∆To,ave/∆Tlimit, whereby a value of unity is ideal. This ratio is given by:\n\nwhere it is seen that the test ratio is independent of (∆Tplane/Sinc)p and is only a function of HPBW and R1-eff.\n\nAs an example, the test ratio for 28 GHz is plotted in Fig. 13 for several averaging areas (area = πRa2), that include the ICNIRP (1998) recommendation of 2,000 mm2 and the 400 mm2 area proposed in Hashimoto et al. (2017). For this plot, the 3- and 4-tissue-averaged R1-eff (adiabatic) was selected, and it is assumed the power density and SAR distribution widths are related by FWHM/HPBW = K = 0.8. From the figure, it is clear that the 2,000 mm2 averaging area is too large since its curve never crosses unity. The 400 mm2 averaging area gives values of the test ratio both above and below unity over a wide range of HPBWs, showing that it is a reasonable choice. The figure demonstrates the trade-offs that are incurred by perturbing the size of the area about the proposed 400 mm2 area.\n\nFig. 13\nFig. 13:\nPlot of the test ratio ∆T o,ave/∆T plane vs. HPBW for different spatial-averaging areas where ∆T o,ave is the temperature rise for a narrow beam with spatially averaged power density at the plane-wave limit and ∆T plane is the temperature rise for a plane wave at the limit. An assumed value of R 1- eff = 0.00935 m was used corresponding to the mean value of the 3- and 4-tissue average under adiabatic conditions at 28 GHz (shown in Fig. 9). In addition, a relationship between power density and SAR distributions, given by FWHM/HPBW = K = 0.8, is assumed.\n\n\nOne limitation of this work is the assumption that exposure is from the far field. At frequencies in the mm-wave range, this is not too serious a limitation since wavelengths and antenna lengths are short, as are source separations that would qualify as far field. Expanding the model to near-field exposures would likely need to be done on a case-by-case basis and would probably require a much more detailed electromagnetic analysis of the source.\n\nAn additional limitation is that effects of local vasodilation were ignored (i.e., the blood perfusion rate at the site of exposure is assumed to be the same in the postexposure steady-state as in the preexposure state). Thus, the temperature rise model is pertinent to skin temperature elevations below 39oC (Margerl and Treede 1996; Walters et al. 2004). Since exposure standards are usually designed to restrict temperature rise at or below 1oC, the model developed in the current study is still relevant to this purpose.\n\nThe uppermost frequency of 80 GHz was chosen since the highest frequency in the 5th generation wireless band is in the region of 75 GHz. Yet, this choice does not appear to limit the applicability of the analytical model for higher frequencies; as it can be seen from Figs. 8–11, the model parameters approach asymptotic limits (a straight line for (∆Tplane/Sinc)p and a constant for mean R1-eff) at frequencies approaching 80 GHz and beyond.\n\nThroughout this study, the SAR distribution width, FWHM, has been used as a surrogate for the projected beam width of the incident power density, HPBW. For practical purposes, it would be desirable to characterize temperature rise directly in terms of the HPBW of a device since that is more easily measured. For a specific source or antenna, the relationship between the HPBW and the resulting FWHM can be characterized through the use of electromagnetic simulation methods such as FDTD. This approach gives the model developed in this work broader applicability than analyzing specific antennas and spacings.\n\nAs an example, the FDTD edge sources used in the Sim4Life validation described above were evaluated for both the HPBW and resulting FWHM as a function of distance. It was found that there was an approximate linear relationship (with zero intercept) between the two with a ratio FWHM/HPBW = 0.82 at 30 GHz. Thus, for this source and frequency, the temperature rise model of eqn (4) could easily be modified by substituting 0.82 HPBW for the parameter FWHM, making it a function of the projected power density beam width.\n\nComparison of the 1D results in this work can be made to that of Sasaki et al. (2017) who performed a 1D Monte Carlo analysis of a 4-tissue configuration consisting of epidermis, dermis, SAT, and muscle from 10 GHz to 1 THz. Their solution of the 1D BHTE was carried out for a heat transfer coefficient of h = 10 W m−2 oC−1 and an air temperature of 20oC. Comparison of the mean values of (∆Tplane/Sinc) in Fig. 5 of their manuscript and the convective (h = 10 W m−2 oC−1), 50th percentile values computed from Table 2 of this work give differences ranging from 1.2% to 4.9% over the 10–80 GHz range (with the values obtained in the current study consistently larger). Sasaki et al. (2017) also note an increase in the mean (∆Tplane/Sinc) of 25% when going from a heat transfer coefficient of 1 to 10 W m−2 oC−1. By comparison, an increase in the heat transfer coefficient from 0 (adiabatic) to 10 W m−2 oC−1 in the current study (with Tair = 22oC) produces an increase of 29% for the 50th percentile (∆Tplane/Sinc) over the 10–80 GHz range.\n\nIt should be noted that Sasaki et al. (2017) also independently measured the dielectric parameters of dermis, SAT, and muscle and found large differences between the measured SAT parameters and those reported in the database of Hasgall et al. (2018). However, they conclude from a Monte Carlo analysis of the effect of dielectric parameter values that values of (∆Tplane/Sinc) are more strongly affected by tissue thickness variations than by variations in the dielectric parameters. They further noted that the results were more strongly affected by epidermis/dermis thickness than by SAT and muscle thickness. Finally, they observed that the dielectric parameters of SAT had little effect on the temperature rise above 30 GHz.\n\nNeufeld et al. (2018) analyzed the relationship between circular averaging areas and steady-state temperature rises for spatially averaged power densities of 10 W m−2 for several antenna types and beams. Their criterion for temperature rise was to be below 1oC in all cases. They conclude that the maximal averaging area is frequency dependent with areas ranging from 300 mm2 at 10 GHz to 190 mm2 at 100 GHz.\n\nThe approach to arrive at eqn (13) in the current study is similar to that in Neufeld et al. (2018) except that the distribution widths of SAR and projected power density are treated as separate (but related) entities. Whereas Neufeld et al. (2018) modeled the relationship between temperature rise and power density beam width or source distance for a multitude of antenna types and spacings, they did not explicitly relate narrow-beam temperature rise to SAR distribution width as done in the current study.\n\n\nAn analytical model consisting of eqns (4), (10), and (11) has been developed that enables maximum, steady-state surface temperature rise due to a narrow beam of power density to be calculated using basic computational tools such as a spreadsheet. The input parameters related to the exposure are the spatial-peak power density So and a surrogate parameter for the projected width of the beam on the tissue surface HPBW. This surrogate parameter is the transverse width of the resulting SAR distribution FWHM. While not equal to the HPBW, the relationship between the two can be ascertained from numerical simulation of the actual source of the power density.\n\nThe model was developed for two tissue configurations representing head (4-tissue, excluding the eye) and general body sites (3-tissue) and for two surface boundary conditions, adiabatic and convective heat loss (heat-loss coefficient of 10 W m−2 oC−1 and 22oC air temperature). Monte Carlo techniques, using human tissue layer thickness data obtained from the published literature, were applied to solutions of the 1D and 3D BHTE. From the resulting Monte Carlo output distributions, statistics of the two additional input parameters in the analytical model were extracted. These (stochastic) parameters were the temperature rise per unit incident plane-wave power density at different percentile levels and the mean effective diffusion length. The analytic model was developed over the 10–80 GHz frequency range, and the two stochastic input parameters were themselves modeled using simple closed-form expressions.\n\nFor selected tissue configurations, the numerical solutions to the 1D and 3D BHTE were compared against known analytical solutions and results from a commercial software package (Sim4Life). The differences were typically no greater than 1–2%. Comparison of the 50th percentile 1D results with those in the literature showed correspondences within 5% despite the use of different dielectric data for SAT and skin. This corroborates the conclusions of other authors that temperature rise is more strongly dependent on tissue thickness, especially that of skin and SAT, than on the value of the dielectric parameter.\n\nAn example of the use of the model was given for the calculation of spatial-peak power density vs. beam width that produces a predefined maximum surface temperature rise. It was shown that the current ICNIRP occupational limit for plane waves or large-area exposure produces temperature rise below 1oC. A second example evaluated the effect of spatial-averaging area on the maximum steady-state temperature rise in relation to that for a plane wave at the plane-wave power density limit. Quantitative comparison between different averaging areas as a function of beam width was demonstrated. It was subsequently shown that the current ICNIRP (1998) averaging area of 2,000 mm2 is far too large, while averaging areas on the order of 300–500 mm2 were more appropriate for consideration in future exposure standard development.\n\nThe result of this work is an analytical tool that can be used to compute temperature rise responses at any percentile level with respect to the variability of the population and at various body sites as a result of exposure to narrow-beam mm-wave RF. This information may be useful for the development of future exposure standards.\n\n\nThe authors are grateful for the helpful assistance of James McNamee and Lindsay Beaton in the preparation of this manuscript.\n\n\nAdibzadeh F, van Rhoon GC, Verduijn GM, Naus-Postema NC, Paulides MM. Absence of acute ocular damage in humans after prolonged exposure to intense RF EMF. Phys Med Biol 61:488–503; 2016. DOI 10.1088/0031-9155/61/2/488.\nAlekseev SI, Radzievsky AA, Szabo I, Ziskin MC. Local heating of human skin by millimeter waves: effect of blood flow. Bioelectromagnet 26:489–501; 2005.\nAlekseev SI, Ziskin MC. Local heating of human skin by millimeter waves: a kinetics study. Bioelectromagnet 24:571–581; 2003.\nAnderson V, Croft R, McIntosh RL. SAR versus Sinc: what is the appropriate RF exposure metric in the range 1–10 GHz? Part 1: using planar body models. Bioelectromagnet 31:454–466; 2010. DOI 10.1002/bem.20578.\nAndrews JG, Buzzi S, Choi W, Hanly SV, Lozano A, Soong ACK, Zhang JC. What will 5G be? IEEE J Sel Areas Comm 32:1065–1082; 2014. DOI 10.1109/JSAC.2014.2328098.\nBlick DW, Adair ER, Hurt WD, Sherry CJ, Walters TJ, Merritt JH. Thresholds of microwave-evoked warmth sensations in human skin. Bioelectromagnet 18:403–409; 1997.\nDrossos A, Santomaa V, Kuster N. The dependence of electromagnetic energy absorption upon human head tissue composition in the frequency range of 300–3000 MHz. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 48:1988–1995; 2000.\nFoster KR, Ziskin MC, Balzano Q. Thermal response of human skin to microwave energy: a critical review. Health Phys 111:528–541; 2016.\nHasgall PA, Di Gennaro F, Baumgartner C, Neufeld E, Lloyd B, Gosselin MC, Payne D, Klingenböck A, Kuster N. IT’IS Database for thermal and electromagnetic parameters of biological tissues, version 4.0 [online]. 2018. DOI 10.13099/VIP21000-04-0. Available at Accessed 31 July 2018.\nHashimoto Y, Hirata A, Morimoto R, Aonuma S, Laakso I, Jokela K, Foster KR. On the averaging area for incident power density for human exposure limits at frequencies over 6 GHz. Phys Med Biol 62:3124–3138; 2017.\nHwang K, Kim JH, Baik SH. The thickness of the skull in Korean adults. J Craniofac Surg 10:395–399; 1999.\nInternational Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz). Health Phys 74:494–522; 1998.\nInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE; IEEE C95.1; 2005.\nKakasheva-Mazenkovska L, Milenkova L, Gjokik G, Janevska V. Variations of the histomorphological characteristics of human skin of different body regions in subjects of different age. Prilozi 32:119–128; 2011.\nKanezaki A, Hirata A, Watanabe S, Shirai H. Parameter variation effects on temperature elevation in a steady-state, one-dimensional thermal model for millimeter wave exposure of one- and three-layer human tissue. Phys Med Biol 55:4647–4659; 2010. DOI 10.1088/0031-9155/55/16/003.\nMargerl W, Treede RD. Heat-evoked vasodilatation in human hairy skin: axon reflexes due to low-level activity of nociceptive afferents. J Physiol 497:837–848; 1996.\nMahinda HAM, Murty OP. Variability in thickness of human skull bones and sternum—an autopsy experience. J Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 26:26–31; 2009.\nNelson DA, Walters TJ, Ryan KL, Emerton KB, Hurt WD, Ziriax JM, Johnson LR, Mason PA. Inter-species extrapolation of skin heating resulting from millimeter wave irradiation: modeling and experimental results. Health Phys 84:608–615; 2003.\nNeufeld E, Carrasco E, Murbach M, Balzano Q, Christ A, Kuster N. Theoretical and numerical assessment of maximally allowable power-density averaging area for conservative electromagnetic exposure assessment above 6 GHz. Bioelectromagnet 39:617–630; 2018.\nPennes HH. Analysis of tissue and arterial blood temperatures in the resting human forearm. J Appl Physiol 1:93–122; 1948.\nSasaki K, Mizuno M, Wake K, Watanabe S. Monte Carlo simulations of skin exposure to electromagnetic field from 10 GHz to 1 THz. Phys Med Biol 62:6993–7010; 2017.\nWalters TJ, Blick DW, Johnson LR, Adair ER, Foster KR. Heating and pain sensation produced in human skin by millimeter waves: comparison to a simple thermal model. Health Phys 78:259–267; 2000.\nWalters TJ, Ryan KL, Nelson DA, Blick DW, Mason PA. Effects of blood flow on skin heating induced by millimeter wave irradiation in humans. Health Phys 86:115–120; 2004.\nWu T, Rappaport TS, Collins CM. Safe for generations to come. IEEE Microw Mag 16:65–84; 2015.\nZhadobov M, Alekseev SI, Le Dréan Y, Sauleau R, Fesenko EE. Millimeter waves as a source of selective heating of skin. Bioelectromagnet 36:464–475; 2015. DOI 10.1002/bem.21929.\n\nexposure, radiofrequency; modeling, dose assessment; Monte Carlo; tissue, body\n\nCopyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc., on behalf of the Health Physics Society.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8171151280403137}
+{"content": "Facebook pixel code:\n\nWhat I’ve learned about growth mindset from binging British reality TV competitions\n\nLately, I’ve been working on unhooking from praise and criticism in how I evaluate myself and my work. I’ve been examining my own unhealthy relationship to praise and how I’ve chased “gold star stickers” as validation for most of my life.\n\nThis started in elementary school when I would get praise for doing well academically. There’s a meme that made the rounds a few years ago that was so spot on for me, it made me cringe in recognition. \n\nOh yes, all of the above. 100%\n\nThe challenges that “gifted and talented” kids face later in life can be explained by Carol Dweck’s work on growth mindset vs fixed mindset. A growth mindset is where you believe intelligence is malleable and can develop and grow over time. A fixed mindset is one where you believe intelligence is fixed and static. It turns out that  when we praise kids for specific abilities or achievements (“That was a great essay!”, “You’re so smart!” or “You’re such a good athlete!”) as opposed to attributes or intrinsic qualities (“Wow! I’m impressed at how hard you worked on that!” or “That was tough but I’m proud of how you stuck with it.”) we inadvertently stunt their growth mindset and drive them towards a fixed mindset. \n\nAbility-based praise leads kids to believe that labels like “you’re so smart” are true for them and these attributes quickly become part of their self-identity. While this doesn’t seem bad at first glance, when we attach too strongly to something as part of our identity/ego, we then become terrified of it being stripped away. This causes us to default to a fixed mindset in order to preserve our precious identity and we learn to fear the inevitable failures that come as part and parcel of a healthy growth mindset. If trying something and failing becomes something that threatens who we think we are, then failure becomes a painful ego distortion rather than a normal part of learning and growing. The result is that the kids who were praised for abilities are much less likely to want to try challenging tasks than the kids who are praised for attributes, and are more often up for a new challenge. \n\nAs one of the “gifted and talented kids” my parents praised me up, down and sideways for my academic achievements. They bragged about it to friends. They told me I had such a bright future ahead of me as a result. They pulled me out of one school and put me into another to better match my intellectual prowess. It quickly became part of my identity and a great source of my self-esteem. \n\nHowever, the problem with self-esteem is this — what happens when we can no longer do esteemable things? What happens when for some reason or another, we can’t perform at the level that we’ve come to expect? \n\nLet me tell you, it feels like crap\n\nIt feels like shame\n\nIt feels like existential failure\n\nThis became suddenly and abundantly clear to me when I lost a good deal of my cognitive function due to “chemo brain” almost overnight. My memory, information processing abilities, recall, vocabulary, and other markers of intelligence were all severely impacted by chemotherapy and I found myself unable to be the “smart kid” anymore. How could I be the smart kid when I couldn’t even process what someone was saying to me, let alone remember any information that would help me craft a response? \n\nCommon words eluded me. Facts and figures and ideas that I’d known by heart were murky at best. And my auditory processing was shot — if someone said something to me verbally rather than writing it down, I had no memory of it. Which made me feel like an idiot when I couldn’t remember something they’d said to me mere hours before. “Don’t you remember? We JUST talked about this, Megan.” \n\nIt was a huge slap in the face. And while I’ve recovered a good deal of my cognitive abilities, they’re still not what they used to be. But that sudden loss allowed me to look at my core identity as “the smart one” and how deeply it had been ingrained in my sense of self and ego. Only then could I look at whether that served me or not, and make some conscious decisions about what I wanted my self-concept to be. \n\nSo, what’s the antidote to this relentless quest for the gold star fix? And what does it have to do with British reality TV? \n\nI realized after chemo brain hit me hard that I needed to shift my identity to be about attributes rather than abilities. For example, I have a thirst for knowledge and a love of learning rather than “I’m smart.” Or, I am compassionate, curious and open-minded about those in my life rather than “I’m a nice person.” Can I love reading and not be smart? Sure can! Can I be compassionate with someone’s suffering and still have good boundaries and say no? You betcha. \n\nDuring the pandemic, I’ve been binge watching two British reality TV competitions: “The Great British Bake Off” and “The Great Pottery Throwdown.” These shows touch me in a way that I couldn’t quite name until one recent episode of “Pottery Throwdown.” One of the contestants, Roz, was asked to do a task that was way out of her wheelhouse. She finished the task but came in last in the judging. As she’s speaking to the judges about coming in last she says she’s embarrassed. Keith, one of the judges, looks at her with tears in his eyes and says, “Never feel embarrassed, Roz.” \n\nWhat he’s saying to Roz here is that she should be proud of herself, she should be proud of her attributes of persistence, resilience and grit rather than be embarrassed about her abilities (or lack thereof) at this specific task. You can see the interaction here: \n\n\nMy love of these British reality competitions comes from the culture on these shows of being proud of trying your best, going out of your comfort zone, and being resilient and gritty. These are valued more on these shows than whether you came first or last. It’s not about the gold star or the winner’s ribbon, that’s just icing on the cake. (Yes, I made a baking pun, just for you my fellow GBBO fans.) The core values of these shows are about how extraordinary it is for people to show up with uncertainty, put in the effort, and try something new without knowing how it will turn out.  \n\nNo wonder I love these shows, they’re models of growth mindset that I desperately need. They feed the part of me that wants to see this in action, the part of me that wants to soak up all of these examples of how to value attributes rather than abilities like a sponge so I can turn around and do the same for myself and others. \n\nHere’s my challenge for you this week — try to think of a time when someone praised you for your attributes rather than your abilities. What did they say? How did it feel? \n\nIf you can think of one, please comment on this post or email me at megan@megancaper.com and tell me about it. Like I said, I need more models and ideas for how I can do this more for myself. \n\nXo Megan\n\nP.S. For more on this subject:\n\nTara Mohr “Playing Big”\n\nCarol Dweck “Mindset”\n\nAlice Miller “Drama of the Gifted Child”\n\nCan you ace the ACE test? Why a high score might be bad news.\n\nWhen I was 32 years old, I found out about ACE at one of my lowest moments.\n\nI had been referred to the social worker at the UCSF Cancer Center to help me find charity options to help pay for my cancer treatment. We talked a bit about my current work and financial situations, as well as my health and family history.\n\nAfter I gave her the lowdown she stopped, put down her pen, pursed her lips and asked, “Have you heard of the ACE study?” I nodded my head no. “ACE stands for adverse childhood experiences. They’ve found that people who score a 4 or above on the test are at an increased risk for cancer and other diseases. Let’s see how you score.”\n\nI’m a 4 on the ACE scale. Not the worst score possible, but enough to statistically put me between 400 and 1200% higher risk for things like diabetes, cancer, heart disease, obesity, smoking, broken bones, depression, and COPD than people with ACE scores in the lower range.\n\nSo what’s the connection? From what the scientists have found, there are several different causes.\n\nEarly childhood trauma or neglect causes the brain to become wired differently and the “fight or flight” mechanism is left permanently in the “on” position. This causes the body to be constantly flooded with cortisol, and too much cortisol is no bueno for the body. It causes an inflammation response which is the underlying cause for everything from weight gain to fibromyalgia to cancer.\n\nAnother connection is epigenetics. We all know about DNA, but our DNA isn’t necessarily always “turned on” or translated into proteins.\n\nLet’s look at an example from evolution. Since we all evolved from the same cells, you have genes in your DNA for all the body parts and functions of every species we’ve evolved from. For example, all land creatures evolved from fish. You have a fishy great great great great great great….great great grandpa somewhere in your evolutionary history. Fishy grandpa had DNA that coded for gills, which allowed him to breathe underwater. Since you’re not a fish, you don’t need gills, but you still have the gene for gills in your DNA. (In fact, at one point in your embryonic development, you had gills. But just for a hot minute.) Now that you’ve evolved into a land mammal, you don’t need gills. So, that DNA isn’t turned on in humans.\n\nThis is epigenetics – the ability to turn on or off certain strands of DNA. In people with high ACEs, certain genes that allow for certain diseases may be turned on as result of the adverse childhood experiences. Or certain ones that protect from diseases may be turned off. This is especially true if your mom or dad had substance addiction issues or were going through trauma when you were conceived and in utero.\n\nBelieve it or not, our genes can be affected even if mom or dad had trauma way before we were even conceived. More recent studies show epigenetic information is passed down just like genetic (DNA) information. Epigenetic information can encode not only for physical changes, but also for psychological characteristics like hopes and fears.\n\nThe last connection, and the one I’m most interested in, is belief systems. Belief systems can be passed down culturally, epigenetically, or in the case of many ACE households, by having a parent repeatedly and consistently tell you that you are not good enough, worthless, unloved, or unwanted. No matter how resilient you are, if you are 5 years old and are told you are not good enough or unlovable by the head honcho in your life, it ends up worming its way into your subconscious.\n\nSo, how does a belief system end up giving you cancer? There are two mechanisms by which this works.\n\nThe first is that our bodies are inextricably intertwined with our emotions and our belief systems. Emotions, belief systems, and self-concepts are not merely patterns of neurons firing (although that’s part of it) but they are also housed in our organs, connective tissue, and even our bones. If you have a belief system that you are weak and worthless, this can easily play out in your immune system and you can be one of those people who are constantly sick and unable to fight off even the smallest virus, which can lead to chronic infections with things like Epstein Barr, the main cause of fibromyalgia and Myalgic Encephalopathy (a.k.a. chronic fatigue).\n\nIf you believe that there is something fundamentally wrong with you and you are unlovable, your body may not attack the routine cancer cells that crop up daily in your system. Or it may fundamentally integrate that voice of your mother or father telling you that you’re not good enough, and your immune system may start attacking your own perfectly good body parts, causing an autoimmune disease, just to prove mom or dad was right.\n\nThe other mechanism is sort of like the evil twin version of “The Secret”. Many physicists now agree that consciousness and observation have a huge role in creating our reality. We can use this to create and manifest all sorts of crazy and amazing things, but the reverse is also true. We can also create disease and terrible circumstances. If it’s true that you can manifest abundance and joy in your life, you can also manifest lack, unhappiness, and disease. Manifestation isn’t just something that happens in the outside world, it’s and inside job, too. You can manifest a disease just like you can manifest getting fired.\n\nFor example, people who have had a spouse die have a 66% greater chance of dying within the first three months after their spouse’s death. Grief, loss, and the fear of being alone manifest incurable disease in their bodies.\n\nConversely, in a study of people who have gone into spontaneous remission from late stage cancer, the one factor that all the subjects had in common was a realization that they were connected to a larger consciousness. They had a realization that they were connected spiritually to everyone and everything and they had all the resources from that vast and all knowing consciousness to fight their disease. At some point soon after that, their cancer disappeared. The change in their consciousness manifested spontaneous healing.\n\nIn my work I’ve found that a two-pronged approach to belief systems has helped to heal many of my clients. First, I get to the root of the belief system. I find out family history and what type of adverse events they experienced and then I “tune in” and find the exact phrase or set of beliefs that their body has decided to act out through their illness or disease. Most of the time, we all want to just feel listened to, validated, and loved. Once we do that on a cellular level, the body feels like it can release the old belief system or programming. At that point we can replace it with another belief system that is better for the client’s health and highest good.\n\nThe second way is to reconnect or remind the client’s body of its spiritual nature and connection with the Source. We are all spiritual beings having a human experience. But despite our physical appearance, we’re all still connected to Source Energy (or God, or Universal Consciousness, or the Big Wow) and the deeper that connection, the less chance that these human fears and beliefs can resonate and set up shop in our physical bodies, causing imbalance or disease. Once I reconnect the direct line to Source, clients start to feel calmer, symptoms start to resolve and general well-being improves. It’s a beautiful thing to witness.\n\n\n\nIf you’re interested in finding your ACE score, here’s a link to the test:\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe secret to being a better person and improving your relationships\n\nI’m going to let you in on a secret for how to be a better person. It’s easy, fast and has been scientifically proven to improve your relationship with yourself and others.\n\nIt’s called Mettā meditation.\n\nI first came across Mettā, or Loving Kindness, meditation years ago when I was first studying Buddhist meditation. The first time I practiced it, I was blown away by the effect it had on me. My whole physiology changed. It’s a simple meditation where you send heart energy outwards, but sometimes the simplest things are the best. It has greatly changed how I view myself, my friends and family ones, and even strangers. Simply put, it has made me a happier, better person.\n\nMettā meditation is a simple, guided meditation that has profound effects when done on a regular basis. According to an ancient Buddhist texts, the Pali Canon, if you do Mettā meditation regularly, it has some pretty awesome side effects:\n\nOne sleeps easily, wakes easily, dreams no evil dreams. One is dear to human beings, dear to non-human beings. The devas protect one. Neither fire, poison, nor weapons can touch one. One’s mind gains concentration quickly. One’s complexion is bright. One dies unconfused and – if penetrating no higher – is headed for the Brahma worlds.\n\nNow, I can’t really attest to the fact that “neither fire, poison, or weapons” can touch me after practicing this type of meditation, but I can tell you that my capacity for being open hearted and loving with myself and others has increased more than I could have imagined.\n\nIt’s really not hard to do. Here are instructions for a simple Mettā meditation practice. (I’ve recorded a more in depth version of this meditation that you can access for free ***here***, if you’d prefer to listen along as I guide you.)\n\n  • Sit or lie down somewhere where you wont be disturbed for about 15 minutes.\n  • Close your eyes and feel your heart filling with love and compassion.\n  • Imagine this love and compassion as a light building in your heart. Give the light a color.\n  • Imagine someone you love dearly standing in front of you. Send them the light from your heart while you send them the prayer:\n\nMay you find happiness and the causes of happiness\n\nMay you be free from suffering and the causes of suffering\n\n  • Now imagine someone who is an acquaintance. You know there name and a little bit about them, but you don’t know much about the details of their life. Imagine them standing in front of you and send them the prayer:\n\nMay you find happiness and the causes of happiness\n\nMay you be free from suffering and the causes of suffering\n\n  • Next, imagine a stranger. It could be someone in your town or halfway around the world. Bring a detailed image of them to your mind and say:\n\nMay you find happiness and the causes of happiness\n\nMay you be free from suffering and the causes of suffering\n\n  • Finally, imagine someone who has hurt you or wronged you. That person also has had good days and bad, experienced love and loss, just like you. See if you can open your heart and tell them:\n\nMay you find happiness and the causes of happiness\n\nMay you be free from suffering and the causes of suffering\n\n  • Now see your heart fill to capacity and beyond with love and the wish for all beings to be happy. Send this love from your heart to the world, see all the people on this planet striving to find happiness and avoid suffering. Send them your love.\n  • Slowly open your eyes and notice how your heart is still filled with love and compassion.\n\nThis is a great meditation to do in the morning as it starts you out with such a good vibe for the day. There’s nothing better than going through your day shining your light on everyone you encounter and giving them the gift of love and compassion.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8548093438148499}
+{"content": "Question: What Is Mirroring In Relationships?\n\nHow do you know if someone is mirroring you?\n\nEven when you have to sit or stand beside each other, someone who is mirroring you will do their best to look at you, angling their body towards you or turning their face towards you.\n\nThis action is known as “fronting”.\n\nIf someone fronts you, they are mirroring you because they are giving you their full attention..\n\nWhat are signs of attraction?\n\nPhysical signs of attraction:Pupils dilate when they look at you. … Blushing and flushed skin. … Tonal voice changes. … Open body language. … Leaning closer to you. … Mirroring your behavior. … Sneaky gestures to enhance their appearance. … Increase in body temperature.More items…•\n\nWhen guys mirror your texts?\n\n4. They’re Copying Your (In A Cute Way) When your crush starts echoing the way that you text, Cox says it could mean that they’re thinking about asking you out. “Just like when someone mirrors your body language to show their attraction in face to face conversations, people can mirror your texts as well.\n\nCan you feel when someone is attracted to you?\n\nWhen someone is attracted to you, they subconsciously will try engaging in lots of mutual eye contact. They do this to feel closer to you, and because they are interested in you and what you are saying. … When someone is attracted to you, however, their eyes go eye-eye-chest, which is a much more intimate way of gazing.\n\nIs mirroring a good thing?\n\nBut new research suggests that mirroring may not always lead to positive social outcomes. In fact, sometimes the smarter thing to do is to refrain. … Yet gentle mimicry can act as a kind of “social glue” in human relationships. It fosters rapport and trust.\n\nWhat is mirroring in twin flame?\n\nMIRRORING THE FEAR! A fear of love, a fear of commitment, fear of intimacy, fear of the connection…all of these things are going to be mutual, if it is the reason. They’re all core wounds and Twin Flames share the same core wounds! … If you have any of these fears, your Twin Flame will mirror them with running.\n\nDo narcissists mimic others?\n\nNarcissists have a way of copying you, or mimicking you or in some cases, nearly becoming you. And, when you think of narcissistic mirroring or copying, you think of the average narcissist who sort of takes on parts of the identities of other people.\n\nWhat is emotional mirroring?\n\nMirroring is the behavior in which one person unconsciously imitates the gesture, speech pattern, or attitude of another. … The ability to mimic another person’s actions allows the infant to establish a sense of empathy and thus begin to understand another person’s emotions.\n\nWhat is narcissistic mirroring?\n\nMirroring the likes, dislikes, dreams, passions, etc., of the target intensifies the “bond” further. But beware, this is the initial trap laid by the narcissist. Someone who seems way too good to be true may be just that, if some of the following are also present. 2. Talking about themselves…\n\nIs mirroring body language flirting?\n\nWhen people are attracted to each other, they tend to sit or stand in the same way and copy each other’s physical gestures. This is known as ‘mirroring’. When someone does this, it marks good communication and shows us that our interest is reciprocated.\n\nHow can you tell when someone lies to you?\n\nWith that in mind, here are some signs that someone might be lying to you:People who are lying tend to change their head position quickly. … Their breathing may also change. … They tend to stand very still. … They may repeat words or phrases. … They may provide too much information. … They may touch or cover their mouth.More items…•\n\nHow do you tell if someone really loves you?\n\nFlores told Business Insider.They have fun with you even if the task at hand is not fun, per se. … They look at you … a lot. … They pay more attention to you. … They show empathy — in good times and bad. … They remember the little things. … They introduce you to the important people in their lives. … They often mention the future.\n\nWhy does a narcissist mirror you?\n\nNarcissists just don’t have a healthy relationship to themselves to provide them with grounding and stability. They rely on feedback from the environment for their self-image. So the reflection tells them that they exist and helps define them. Without it, they don’t know who they are.\n\nWhat does it mean to be someone’s mirror?\n\nEveryone is your mirror. … Here it is again: every single person in your life is your mirror. What this means is that others are always reflecting parts of your own consciousness back to you, giving you an opportunity to really see yourself, to grow and to change your beliefs about who you are and about other people.\n\nIs mirroring a sign of true love?\n\nAnother unconscious sign of attraction is mirroring, or matching another person’s movements. … The matched movement could be a definite sign of attraction. At the very least, it is a sign that he unconsciously feels a connection to you and is showing it through mirroring.\n\nDo Narcissists look in the mirror alot?\n\nNarcissists do enjoy looking at themselves in the mirror. They may spend more time grooming themselves to bolster their grandiose self-images. In this way, narcissists may be more prone to self-objectify—and identify with and to base their self-worth on their external appearance, instead of their character.\n\nWhat is mirroring on a phone?\n\nScreen mirroring technology allows you to switch the media that’s playing on your smaller Android, Windows, or Apple device to a larger one, such as a television or media projector, wirelessly.\n\nIs mirroring manipulative?\n\nImitating and mirroring is one of the most common methods narcissists and other emotional manipulators use quite often. Thus, they imitate all your wishes and reflect them back to you. … By doing this, they make you feel like they have everything you’ve been searching for in a person.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9991963505744934}
+{"content": "Final Project Prompt:       \n\nThe final portfolio project is a three- part activity. You will  respond to three separate prompts but prepare your paper as one research  paper. Be sure to include at least one UC library source per prompt, in  addition to your textbook (which means you’ll have at least 4 sources  cited).\n\nStart your paper with an introductory paragraph.\n\nPrompt 1 “Data Warehouse Architecture” (2-3 pages): Explain the major  components of a data warehouse architecture, including the various forms  of data transformations needed to prepare data for a data warehouse.  Also, describe in your own words current key trends in data  warehousing.\n\nPrompt 2 “Big Data” (1-2 pages): Describe your understanding of big  data and give an example of how you’ve seen big data used either  personally or professionally. In your view, what demands is big data  placing on organizations and data management technology?\n\nPrompt 3 “Green Computing” (1-2 pages):  One of our topics in Chapter  13 surrounds IT Green Computing. The need for green computing is  becoming more obvious considering the amount of power needed to drive  our computers, servers, routers, switches, and data centers. Discuss  ways in which organizations can make their data centers “green”. In your  discussion, find an example of an organization that has already  implemented IT green computing strategies successfully. Discuss that  organization and share your link. You can find examples in the UC  Library.\n\nConclude your paper with a detailed conclusion section. \n\nThe paper needs to be approximately 5-8 pages long, including both a  title page and a references page (for a total of 7-10 pages). Be sure to  use proper APA formatting and citations to avoid plagiarism.\n\nYour paper should meet the following requirements:   \n\n  • Be approximately 5-8 pages in length, not including the required cover page and reference page.\n  • Support  your answers with the readings from the course, the course textbook,  and at least three scholarly journal articles from the UC library to  support your positions, claims, and observations, in addition to your  textbook. The UC Library is a great place to find resources.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9946689009666443}
+{"content": "I got an email with {VIRUS?} in the subject, what does it mean?\n\nEmail for your domain passes through our servers - when it does, we scan any HTML emails and attachments with a commercial quality virus scanner. Our virus definitions are updated daily.\n\nOccasionally, we find viruses in emails for you - if this happens, we try to disinfect the email and pass the cleaned email on to you. Sometimes, we are not able to clean the attachment - in this case, it will be removed and the rest of the email sent on to you. If we find any viruses, or evidence that a virus might have been attached, we will change the subject of the email to include {VIRUS?} in the start of the subject, and attach a text file with the details of any actions taken by our virus scanner.\n\nIf you get a virus warning - open the attached text file for information on what to do. We strongly suggest contacting the person who sent the virus, warning them that they appear to be infected. Ask them to send a clean copy of the attachment to you!\n\nMost viruses passing through our systems are automatically trying to infect other computers - when we get a particularly virulent strain of a computer virus, we might choose to delete the virus without notifying you. These do not happen very often, and ONLY in the case of viruses which can not infect files you might expect to receive.\n\nIf you are sure that a file does NOT contain a virus, it's name might be to blame. If you include TWO periods in the filename. we will block the file from passing through. It is NOT valid to have two periods in the filename as far as windows is concerned, and it is a technique used by viruses to hide themselves.\n\nIf you absolutely must get a file, have the sender ZIP archive the file (use a zip filename WITHOUT two periods) and have them send the file again. If this proves troublesome, we suggest using an email address to receive the file which does NOT go through our servers - this will prevent the problem at all.\n\n  • Email, SSL\n  • 0 Users Found This Useful\nWas this answer helpful?\n\nRelated Articles\n\nWhat is the difference between shared SSL and private SSL?\n\nA shared SSL displays as https://ip/~yourusername/. A private SSL would display as...\n\nWhy are my FrontPage extensions not working?\n\nYou must first make sure you have installed the extensions from going into your cpanel and...\n\nApplication Paths\n\nHere are the applications paths. If you do not see what you are looking for, please email...\n\nCustom error pages\n\nTo create a custom error page for your account you will need to upload a file with the...\n\nHow do I use SSL to setup my email?\n\nSet your mail server to the host name for SMTP/POP3/IMAP (instead of domain.com) and then make...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6148300170898438}
+{"content": "REBET: a method to determine the number of cell clusters based on batch effect removal\n\nBrief Bioinform. 2021 Jun 15;bbab204. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbab204. Online ahead of print.\n\n\nIn single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data analysis, a fundamental problem is to determine the number of cell clusters based on the gene expression profiles. However, the performance of current methods is still far from satisfactory, presumably due to their limitations in capturing the expression variability among cell clusters. Batch effects represent the undesired variability between data measured in different batches. When data are obtained from different labs or protocols batch effects occur. Motivated by the practice of batch effect removal, we considered cell clusters as batches. We hypothesized that the number of cell clusters (i.e. batches) could be correctly determined if the variances among clusters (i.e. batch effects) were removed. We developed a new method, namely, removal of batch effect and testing (REBET), for determining the number of cell clusters. In this method, cells are first partitioned into k clusters. Second, the batch effects among these k clusters are then removed. Third, the quality of batch effect removal is evaluated with the average range of normalized mutual information (ARNMI), which measures how uniformly the cells with batch-effects-removal are mixed. By testing a range of k values, the k value that corresponds to the lowest ARNMI is determined to be the optimal number of clusters. We compared REBET with state-of-the-art methods on 32 simulated datasets and 14 published scRNA-seq datasets. The results show that REBET can accurately and robustly estimate the number of cell clusters and outperform existing methods. Contact: H.D.L. ( or Q.S.X. (\n\nKeywords: batch effect; cell subpopulation; number of cell clusters; scRNA-seq.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9990872144699097}
+{"content": "The Eighteen Seventy-Five Collection hardwood flooring by Real Wood Floors | By Real Wood Floors\n\n\n\nA Good Year for Flooring. A Great Floor for You.\n\nIn early 19th century London, Marc Brunel pioneered a new technique for slicing veneers from hardwood lumber. This process of making veneer, perfected in 1875, maximizes efficiency while preserving the natural grain of the lumber, making it the most beautiful and economical way to build an engineered floor. To celebrate this marvel of engineering, Real Wood Floors offers the Eighteen Seventy-Five Collection.\n\nWeathered and Wire Brushed Texture\nWide Plank\n\nWhat is Engineered Flooring?\n\nEngineered floors are composed of multiple sheets (called “plies”) of wood pieced together to create a single plank. The layers which make up Engineered floors are arranged in opposing directions. This is often known as “cross-ply” construction. This method effectively guards the flooring against moisture-related problems. The planks’ arrangement causes the expansions and contractions to counter one another, limiting or reducing the amount of cupping and crowning a floor can exhibit when exposed to differing levels of humidity. Engineered floors are versatile, allowing them to be installed in any part of the home whether it be the basement or directly on slab. These floors can be stapled, glued, nailed, or even floated over existing subfloors.\n\nLearn more about engineered flooring\n\nWhat is Solid Wood Flooring?\n\nSolid wood floors are typically a single plank of wood, with “tongues” and “grooves” that allow the pieces to connect. Solid floors are extremely moisture sensitive, and generally nailed down to ward off humidity fluctuations. As we’ve discussed before, seasonal moisture shifts cause wood to contract and expand—cold weather causes wood to shrink, while more humid climates cause wood to expand. Because of this, expansion space should be considered when placing your planks.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8294838666915894}
+{"content": "Annual Local Group Census 2019\n\n\nPlease answer all questions as fully as you can. This information will help us to serve you better and support your work more fully.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9208740592002869}
+{"content": "\n\nCycling routes and bike maps in and around\n\nLa Concepción\n\nFind the right bike route for you through La Concepción, where we've got 4 cycle routes to explore.\n\nFind cycle routes in La Concepción:\n\n\n37 km\nMapped Ways\nCycle Routes", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9374291300773621}
+{"content": "As a security guard, overseeing the security and safety of your clients and client’s property, your presence should be enough to make them feel safe.\n\nClients/security agencies know that they will be giving you such crucial responsibilities, you need to give them a reason as to why they should choose you.\n\nSo, you need to highlight all your skills and expertise as a security guard. Be it emergency response methods or customer service.\n\nIn this guide, we will help you with a guide on how to write a stellar security guard resume to land a job:\n\nWrite the professional experience section\n\nGiving an insight into your professional journey, this section should cover all your work profiles, skills, achievements, etc.\n\nHence, to showcase such pointers in the professional experience section here is what you should keep in mind:\n\n  • One-liner bullets: Curate one-liner bullets that begin with an action verb. Further, to showcase the best results possible, make your points result-oriented. You can use the STAR (situation-task-action-result) format to emphasize more on the achieved results.\n  • Subheadings: For showcasing your skills, assign a subheading to relevant points. You can display your job responsibilities in such subheadings. For instance, “patrolling & routine checks”, “equipment safety & entrance monitoring”, etc.\n\nShowcase your skills\n\nIf you fail to highlight your skills properly in your resume, despite being a master of your domain, it will not work. Making subheadings in the professional experience section is just one aspect of displaying your skills.\n\nHowever, just upon peering through your resume, the client/recruiter will not spend more than 6-10 seconds on it. Hence, to convey your expertise, you need to list your skills in a designated section.\n\nHere are a few skills you can include in your security guard resume:\n\n  • Patrolling\n  • Security Control\n  • Routine Checks\n  • Entrance Monitoring\n  • CCTV Surveillance\n  • Personal Data Recording\n\nInclude a professional summary\n\nWrite a professional summary to cover your key accomplishments and skills.\nFrom this section, the recruiter will try to connect your skills with the target profile so you need to make sure to include all the relevant points.\n\nFor instance, check the example below:\n\n    5+ years experienced Security guard with a prolific record of properly responding to suspicious activities. Skilled at CCTV surveillance and regularly conducting security checks. Proficient in tracking entrance and departure status of individuals.\n\nTry to write the summary along similar lines and write an objective statement if you do not have any professional experience. Avoid the usage of first- and second-person pronouns in the summary and make sure it is written in a paragraph form.\n\nUse the job description\n\nDo not make one security guard resume and use it everywhere. You need to make your resume job-specific. To do that, it is important to leverage the job description.\n\nYou can use the essentials/skills listed in the job description to include your resume. For instance, if it states that you should have expertise in CCTV footage surveillance then you can highlight this information to make your resume in-line with the profile.\n\nThe idea is to modify your resume as per each job post and utilize the information in the job description. For example, it can be related to education details. If the profile needs you to have a high school diploma, you need to highlight this information.\n\nHowever, this practice may backfire if you mindlessly incorporate keywords from the job post. For instance, if you include skills that you cannot substantiate, it will not make a nice impression and will not let you get shortlisted.\n\nHence, make sure you create the balance between your resume and incorporate keywords. Proofread it to make sure that there are not any inaccuracies.\n\n\nHere is what we covered in the above guide:\n\n  1. Correctly write the professional experience section and curate achievements-driven points\n  2. Showcasing the skills in a separate section\n  3. Writing a professional summary with an example\n  4. Leveraging the job description to make your resume in-line with the target profile.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nBe Sociable, Share!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8412384390830994}
+{"content": "Quarter sheet cake feeds how many\n\nHow much cake do I need for 25 guests?\n\n10 in cakes can be sensibly served to up to 25 people with each slice measuring about 1 1⁄4 inches across the back or about the width of a teaspoon. As with the 8 inch cakes , 10 inch cakes can be served event style. Cut event style, a 10 inch cake can be served to as many as 39 people .\n\nWhat is a 1/4 sheet cake?\n\nCommercial quarter sheet cakes measure 13 inches by 9 inches by 1 inch, or 12 inches by 8 inches by 2 or 3 inches. Some measure 10 1/2 inches by 15 1/2 inches by 2 or 3 inches.\n\nHow many does a half sheet cake serve?\n\nThe half sheet cake is approximately 11-by-15 inches in size and typically one layer that serves 30 to 40 people. Half sheet cakes are great for any birthday celebration and are also easily decorated with creative messages or graphics.\n\nHow many pieces of cake are in a 9×13 pan?\n\nRectangular Cake The most common size for homemade cake recipes is a large rectangle. It’s baked in a standard 9-by-13-inch cake pan. This is a perfect size for parties, and you can expect to get between 12 and 20 slices from a single cake.\n\nHow much cake do I need for 80 guests?\n\n4 kgs of cakes /multiple tier cake is required to serve 80 pax at any event. As it would be 20gm approximately per person (average cupcake weighs that much only) to consume which is literally more than enough for a person ,considering there would be other dishes to serve the guests too.\n\nYou might be interested:  What is raindrop cake\n\nHow do you calculate cake servings?\n\nSheet Cake Servings Formula You’re serving cake slices that measure 2″ x 2″. To find the cake serving size area, multiply the length and width of the cake slice. Now you know that you have a 468″2 pan area and a 4″2 serving size area. To find the number of servings , divide the pan area by the serving size area.\n\nWhat size is a 1/4 sheet pan?\n\nA half sheet pan is 18 in × 13 in (460 mm × 330 mm); quarter sheets are 9 in × 13 in (230 mm × 330 mm). The half sheet is approximately the same size as mass-market baking sheets found in supermarkets, and the quarter sheet is a common size for rectangular, single-layer cakes.\n\nWhat does a 1/2 sheet cake look like?\n\nWhen you get a half sheet cake from a bakery, it is generally either 15 inches by 11 inches, 15 1/2 inches by 10 1/2 inches or even as big as 16 inches by 12 inches. Since home ovens are smaller than bakery or grocery store ovens, a home half sheet cake will likely measure 13 inches by 9 inches.\n\nHow much does a quarter sheet cake cost?\n\nServings Price\n20″ 95 $169.99\nSpecialty Sheet Cake Pricing\n1/4 Sheet-1 Layer 12-15 Med. or 24 Small Servings $25.99\n1/4 Sheet-2 Layer 25-30 Med. or 48 Small Servings $41.99\n\nHow much does a 1/4 sheet cake feed?\n\nA quarter sheet cake has up to 24 servings. A half sheet cake has up to 54 servings. A full sheet cake has up to 117 servings.\n\nYou might be interested:  How to make a number 1 cake\n\nHow much is a half sheet cake at Costco?\n\nThat said, you can still preorder the half-sheet cakes. My local Costco is selling the half-sheet cakes for $18.99 .\n\nHow much cake do I need for 120 guests?\n\nFor 120 people , a standard 3 tier will yield enough portions. For dessert, you will require a larger 4-5 tier. Square cakes will yield more portions than round cakes . A great way to add drama and height to your wedding cake design is by adding “fake tiers” – a decorated piece of Styrofoam.\n\nHow many servings is a 9×13 cake?\n\nIf you’re going to cut them in the standard 2x2x2, then that means the cake will be cut in approx 4 rows by 6 columns = 24 servings . If you’re going to cut them larger, like 3x2x2, then that means the cake will be cut in approx 3 rows by 6 columns = 18 servings .\n\nHow many servings are in a 9×13 pan of lasagna?\n\nAs a general rule of thumb, one 13×9 pan will yield 8 medium-sized portions. You can adjust the serving sizes to your family’s appetite: if they have larger appetites, you cut the pan into 6 large portions, and if they have smaller appetites, you can cut the pan into 10 smaller portions.\n\nLeave a Reply\n\n\n\nHow to make devil’s food cake\n\n\nWhere can i buy cake pops near me\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.960968554019928}
+{"content": "Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter and other social media apps are a large part of society’s everyday life. As technology grows, people have become more attached to their phones and it has become easier to communicate via smart phones through apps such as Whatsapp and other social media apps. As a result of this, there is a lack of face to face contact. Access to communicate rapidly through a device has captivated people and this has shifted our conversations from ‘face-to-face’ to  via a screen’ communication.\n\nSocial media should be used as a tool to compliment relationships that are face to face, not to be used as a main source of communication. Excessive screen time can break down confidence, self esteem, avoidance of meeting and speaking to people which can then impact the individual in their relationships, occupation as well as socially.\n\nCommonly people suffering with social anxiety disorder engage in ‘avoidant’ and ‘safety’ behaviours. Some examples are avoiding picking up the telephone to speak to someone whether that be a friend, chasing a job application, or making a restaurant booking. This could be due to the fear of being judge, thinking they cannot articulate themselves.\n\n\n  1. Schedule time in a day that is used for social media. For example, you may give yourself 30 minutes a day and using your calendar, break up the 30 minutes throughout the day. Refrain from checking in outside of your scheduled times. This will ensure you remain accountable for time spent online and encourage traditional communication method\n  2. Leave your phone behind. Leave your phone in your bag during lectures, at your desk if attending a meeting or presentation. This will make it easy to engage without disruption. When it’s out of sight, it’s out of mind.\n  3. Spend a day technology free. Decide on a day with the whole family that phones, tablets and laptops are off – challenge yourselves to engage and spend more time together for that day. Make this a rule for the whole family.\n  4. Pick up the phone for its intended use. Call the person instead of texting, speak, hear their tone of voice and simplify conversations through a phone call opposed to texting. Pick as and when you need to use your phone rather than wasting time away on social media, texting back and forth. It cannot be denied that social media has been helpful in connecting us with others. We also can’t deny the impact on our social skills, making us lazy communicators and disrupting our need for meaningful conversation.\n\nHowever, by trying some of these steps today, you can shift your focus to genuine conversations, build new connections, confidence and becoming more personal by having intentional face –to-face conversations.\n\n\n\nCheckatrade information for RoofsRUs", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8718554377555847}
+{"content": "Why Is It So Difficult to Develop Data Science as a Product?\n\n\nDeveloping machine learning models as goods that add value to businesses is still a new area with uncharted territory. While putting well-established software development methods, such as agile, into practise is not easy, it can provide a strong basis for success.\n\nPicnic sees itself as the tech equivalent of a supermarket. The technology and underlying data are critical to Picnic’s development, from the app-only store to the 20-minute delivery windows and just-in-time supply chain.\n\nIt is our responsibility as the Picnic Data Science team to take data-driven decision making to the next stage. We’ve been tasked with developing automated systems with the intelligence, background, and authority to make business decisions worth tens of millions of euros each year.\n\nBuilding these systems, on the other hand, is difficult. It’s much more difficult to get them into production and into use in the market. Let’s take a look at what it takes for Picnic to productize our data science programmes, which we’ve dubbed “Data Science as a Commercial.”\n\nWhy is this so difficult?\n87 percent of data science ventures never make it to production, according to a report published in July 2019. A lack of leadership support siloed data sources, and a lack of collaboration are some of the reasons given. Apart from these issues, data science and machine-learning projects have a number of inherent characteristics that set them apart from other forms of software development.\n\nTo begin with, data science, especially machine learning, is based on probabilities and uncertainties. The likelihood of this order being fraudulent is 73 percent +/- 5 percent with a 95 percent confidence interval, according to a machine learning-based payment fraud model. Our business counterparts live in a determinist environment, where “we want to block all fraudulent orders.” It’s not easy to communicate between these worlds.\n\nFurthermore, data science ventures have a non-linearity that (usually) does not exist in ‘traditional’ software development. Before we start constructing a model, we have no idea how well it will do. It could take a week, three months, or even longer to achieve a satisfactory level of results. This makes putting together a nice project schedule with deadlines and deliverables that the company needs to see extremely difficult.\n\nFinally, when it comes to releasing a model to output, the value of model confidence cannot be overstated. When we partner with a company to commercialise a concept, we’re entering a domain where they’re the experts. We’re trying to automate a manual process or replace a collection of carefully designed business rules in a lot of cases. Although these laws aren’t perfect, they were developed by people who have a thorough understanding of the industry. It’s difficult to hand over a black-box machine learning algorithm and tell the company that it’ll replace their existing way of operating. In the end, the profit/loss from whatever process the model is looking to automate belongs to the company, and we as data scientists must persuade them to place their livelihood in the hands of our models.\n\nThe following considerations, in our experience, will help you effectively productionalize models across a wide range of domains:\n\n  1. Make use of case range\n  2. Alignment of businesses\n  3. Data science (agile) growth\n\nMake use of case range\n“I guess it’s tempting to handle it as though it were a nail if your only weapon is a hammer.” — Maslow, Abraham\n\nThe number of problems that machine learning could solve is enormous. There are many applications in customer success, supply chain, distribution, finance, and other areas. It’s difficult to know where to begin given the ease with which high-quality data can be found in Picnic’s well-kept data warehouse. A data science project’s progress hinges on selecting the right use case.\n\nSo, how can you choose which use case to pursue?\n\nWhich one has the most commercial value?\nThe ‘low hanging fruit’ for a swift victory?\nWhich one is in line with the company’s strategic goals?\nWe consider those factors at Picnic, but the deciding factor is one thing:\n\nHow certain are we that machine learning is the most effective solution to this problem?\n\n(Remember how I said we data scientists are used to working in probabilistic terms?)\n\nWe want to make sure that our data scientists are getting the best out of their time. Let’s say there’s a compelling issue that has the potential to produce a lot of value, but a few well-crafted market rules will only get us 80% of that value. Is it the most efficient use of money to make the data science team spend months attempting to get an extra 10%? Most likely not.\n\nWe can break down the use case selection criteria into several components using our Zen of Data Science principles as a guide:\n\n  1. Do we have enough high-quality, clean data to model the problem?\n  2. Is there a specific objective criterion (or loss function) we’re aiming for?\n  3. Is your company ready to automate this process?\n  4. What role will it play in the manufacturing process? Is there enough time for the product team to introduce it?\n  5. Are there any case studies, research papers, or other tools on how to solve this type of problem using machine learning?\n  6. Do we need to answer any prejudices or ethical concerns?\n\nIf any of those issues cause us concern, we will rethink if this is the best project for our team to take on.\n\nWithout the right use case, no matter how many money you have, the chances of success are slim.\n\nAlignment of businesses\nIt is possible to create the ideal project plan if one first creates a list of all the unknowns. — Langley, Bill\n\nAssuring that everyone is on the same page about the project’s target seems to be both straightforward and clear. The company needs more precise predictions. You are certain that you can outsmart the current scheme. What exactly is the problem?\n\nThe problem is that it isn’t just about the model’s efficiency.\n\nLet’s assume you create a fantastic model and assign it to a regular task. It’s possible that the company would need to be able to change their predictions during the day. Suddenly, you need a real-time service. Your model does a good job on the majority of articles/segments/regions, but a new product is coming out this quarter. Your model is now making predictions based on no prior data (the cold start problem says hello).\n\nMachine learning programmes necessitate a certain degree of company knowledge of how the systems operate. They must understand the inherent strengths and disadvantages of machine learning models, as well as how edge cases are dealt with and which features are employed.\n\nFurthermore, you must understand how the model will be used. What is the anticipated outcome? What will be done with the predictions? Will a fallback mechanism need to be in place if the model fails to run? Knowing the answers to these questions before you begin production will save you a lot of headaches, heated conversations, and late nights reworking.\n\nThe problem of model trust arises once more. What if your model’s performance isn’t trusted by the business?\n\nYou can display all the ROC curves, F1 ratings, and test set performance you like, but will your model be given a chance to recover if the first few predictions it makes are incorrect? The basic market rules in place at the time weren’t perfect, but the company understood which cases it performed well in and which it didn’t, and it could intervene accordingly. Your models could (hopefully) have an operational effect, and they won’t be used if the company doesn’t trust them. It’s as easy as that.\n\nModel trust discussions are difficult to have, but they are necessary. You must know ahead of time what it would take for the company to use your model in production. At the very least, all parties must agree to and sign off on an appraisal period with performance indicators.\n\nMany data science projects fail due to misalignment of priorities between data scientists and the company. Before months of development work has been expended, dialogue is needed. It could mean the difference between life and death for your model.\n\nData science (agile) growth\n\nPOC loses to MVP.\n\n“When it comes to fundraising, it’s all about AI. It’s ML when it comes to recruiting. It’s linear regression when it comes to implementation. It’s printf() while you’re debugging.” — Schwartz, Baron\n\nAgile software development has become the de facto norm, but it has yet to make its way into the data science community (yet). Today’s data science initiatives are mostly based on the premise of “design it and they will come.” A data scientist meets with the company to discuss the issue, determines which metric to optimise, and inquires about data access. Then they go off and spend a few months creating a stunning, sturdy model, which they then show. Then there’s…\n\nIt isn’t seen at all. Data science will benefit from the same central purpose that agile architecture does: it must be customer-focused.\n\nWhat works is focusing on developing a minimum viable product rather than a proof of concept (POC), which usually never leaves the data scientist’s laptop (MVP).\n\nThe aim of an MVP is to build an end-to-end solution as quickly as possible. You build the data pipeline, start with a simple baseline model (also known as linear or logistic regression), and then show the results to the end user. How we use machine learning to find the best drop times is a real-world example.\n\nMachine learning will benefit from the same reasons that this has become the de-facto norm in software development. We’re doing everything we can to adhere to the agile manifesto’s main principles:\n\nConcentrate on software that works.\nSpending time fine-tuning a model that might never be used is a waste of time. Spend it on establishing a functional and sustainable Customer Partnership.\n\nReduce the time to market so that the ‘customer’ views the output as if it came from a more advanced device. From there, you can iterate and change.\n\nAdapting to changes\n\nIt’s best to figure out what works in the second week rather than the second fifth. Perhaps the in-house framework you planned to integrate with lacks a way to show the data you need. Flexibility with specifications is essential, as is shipping working code early and often.\nThe simulation isn’t the most difficult aspect of data science ventures. That’s the rest of it. By concentrating on an MVP, you can quickly bring a functioning system into development and start making predictions. You’ll find problems faster and be able to offer your customers a fresh, shiny model in weeks rather than months.\n\nIn the end, we don’t want to make a model just for the sake of making a model. We’re developing a product with a model as one of its components. And we’ll be able to get there by applying what we’ve learned over decades of product growth.\n\nFinal Thoughts\nIt’s not easy to create machine learning-based goods. All of the elements of software development are present, with the added complexity of machine learning at its heart. It’s a brand-new area with no proven best practises. You can set yourself up for success by ensuring that you’ve chosen the right use case, aligned with the market, and followed tried-and-true agile software development practises.\n\nTechnology, data, and machine learning are at the heart of Picnic. To get our models into production, we have an incredibly talented community of data scientists, a scalable, self-service data science platform, and the full support of the company.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5310564041137695}
+{"content": "How is your trade secret protected?\n\n| Apr 27, 2021 | Trade Secret Litigation |\n\nAs a creative, an entrepreneur or a business owner, you have likely heard of several terms that refer to intangible but crucial components of business. This may include copyright, intellectual property (IP), or trade secrets.\n\nAll of these hold importance in your growth and success. In particular, the protection of your IP, copyrights and trade secrets will help. So how are your trade secrets protected, exactly?\n\nNo paperwork or filing\n\nThe World Intellectual Property Organization answers many questions about trade secrets. One of the most frequently asked questions regards the protection of trade secrets. They state that it differs from the protection of patents, which require you to register first.\n\nInstead, trade secrets have no sort of official procedure or other formalities that you need to go through to protect them. This also means that there is no “time limit” on the protections of a trade secret, unlike the expiration of a patent or copyright. In essence, the only way a trade secret’s protection ends is if the secret is legally acquired or otherwise discovered and then leaked to the public.\n\nPotential hurdles\n\nDue to the lack of costs and formal document filings, many companies and businesses enjoy trade secret protection above other forms of IP protection. However, for information to be a “trade secret”, it must meet certain conditions. Meeting these conditions can sometimes cost you a lot of money. You may even struggle to achieve what you need to comply with the conditions. Thus, you should look carefully into your options before selecting trade secret protection as your method of choice.\n\nFindLaw Network\n\nRepresentative Clients\n\n“My experience spans a vast array of clients and industries, and I have a proven track record”\n\nRepresentative Cases\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9966502785682678}
+{"content": "Authentic kishke is made with what-was-once-an-illegal-substance. Now we have your attention, but don’t get too excited. Kishke is a Jewish dish, which translates to “intestine.” Traditionally, the dish (also called stuffed derma) involves stuffing beef intestine with flour or matzo meal, shmaltz (rendered pork, chicken or goose fat) and spices. Beef intestine had been outlawed in the United States, but was “legalized” in 2005. Thank goodness we can all freely enjoy the pleasures of offal.\n\nNevertheless, real-deal Kishke is still difficult to find, and edible synthetic casings are more commonly used than beef intestine. Kishke is also a component of a traditional Jewish stew called cholent. \n\nUse today’s Word of the Day: Geila Hocherman’s Kosher Revolution", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8204483389854431}
+{"content": "Survey Results Released\n\nHow are you sleeping? More than 80 percent of respondents to HealthyWomen's latest poll say that they never or only occasionally wake up feeling rested and refreshed. That's a real problem given that poor sleep can negatively impact us both physically and mentally. Sleep disruption causes fatigue, which impairs memory, lowers one's mood and can lead to physical health issues such as high blood pressure and depression. That's particularly scary for the 14 percent of our readers who said they \"never\" wake up feeling rested and the 29 percent who say that happens \"rarely.\" But, there are things women can do to sleep better and we're not referring to sleeping pills.\n\nAccording to Matthew R. Ebben, PhD, assistant professor of psychology in neurology, the Center for Sleep Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Medical College of Cornell University, behavioral treatments are usually the most effective in treating insomnia in the long term. This includes making sure that you eat dinner more than two hours before heading to bed, sticking to consistent times to go to sleep and get up in the morning, limiting caffeine after midday and getting regular exercise.\n\nSleep problems are widespread in today's society and can be brought on by stress, family and work demands, or possibly sleep disorders such as sleep apnea and restless leg syndrome. For women, hormones add to the mix. Pregnancy and its related body changes can disrupt sleep, as well as monthly basal temperature changes due to ovulation and, of course, night sweats and hot flashes often experienced during menopause.\n\nSleep loss accumulates over time causing a sleep deficit. This means that you may need to get extra sleep for several days to \"catch up.\" It's important to understand what your real sleep need is. For most adults, the eight-hours-a-night rule holds true, but some people may require more or less sleep to function at full capacity.\n\nGetting adequate sleep is critical to maintaining good health. For more tips on sleeping well, check out this article on \n\nWe hope you'll share these tips with your readers so that they can sleep better and, as a result, live healthier.\n\nAs always, if we can help you locate medical experts, resources or trusted medical content, please feel free to contact us for assistance.\n\nIn good health,\nElizabeth Battaglino Cahill\n\n\nThe ER Doctor Thought I Was Overreacting: I Had a Pulmonary Embolism\n\nHow advocating for myself and trusting my body saved my life\n\nReal Women, Real Stories\n\nConversación sobre la salud: Preguntas para su médico sobre la dermatitis atópica\n\nUse esta guía para tener una conversación útil si tiene dermatitis atópica, conocida comúnmente como eccema\n\nCreated With Support\n\nby eMediHealth\n\n☆☆☆☆☆ By eMediHealth ☆☆☆☆☆", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9269089698791504}
+{"content": "Unprecedented rat invasion in Australia, that’s why the plague has spread and what’s happening\n\nFor months, people in rural New South Wales, Australia, have been facing an unprecedented invasion of mice. Rodents eat this year’s bountiful crops, enter homes and approach humans. At the moment, the estimated economic loss is 100 million Australian dollars. But what are the origins of this “plague”? Mice are common animals in those agricultural lands, but now they are looming and multiplying fast as fires and floods have made their predators disappear.\n\ncurated by Sofia Gadici", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9402690529823303}
+{"content": "Missouri Senate passes farm exemptions to open records laws\n\nMissouri's open records laws would not cover some farming data under a measure that has passed the Missouri Senate.\n\nThe legislation, which passed with a bipartisan majority of 25-6, would require state agencies to keep confidential the information farmers submit for voluntary agricultural programs, such as registration data for animal disease tracking programs. Anyone who improperly releases that information could be sued.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999850988388062}
+{"content": "Content Type\n\nSustainable Brands Can Pivot With Purpose to Help Address COVID-19\n\nAs we look for a pathway out of the global COVID-19 pandemic, one thing is clear: This situation requires collective action and meaningful collaboration across different communities, countries and cultures. We've identified some consistent themes across sustainability, brand loyalty and efficacy...\n\nCOVID-19: Key questions all marketers should be asking\n\nStaying put is what’s best for reducing the spread of the COVID-19, but home bound consumers are having an immediate impact on brands. Marketers now have to reduce spending while continuing to engage buyers. How can businesses support their brands and make money in such uncharted waters?\n\nSpeak Up—The Media Industry Is Listening\n\nWith new digital devices and platforms fragmenting audiences, consumers have found power through their choices and voices. The media industry needs to look carefully at whose voices they listen to and communicate with in order to create the most empowering and engaging content. It’s not just the...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5163882970809937}
+{"content": "Quarantine Hotels: What You Need To Know\n\nThe UK’s quarantine hotel programme has come into force. Here is everything you need to know about the new measures:\n\nWhat is the new policy?\n\nSome international arrivals are required to quarantine in a hotel room for 10 days.\n\nWho does this affect?\n\nThe rule applies to UK and Irish nationals, and UK residents, returning to the UK.\n\nDoes it matter which part of the UK I arrive in?\n\nYes. In Scotland the policy applies to all arrivals, but in England it is only relevant for those who have been in a country on the Government’s travel ban “red list” in the past 10 days.\n\nThere are no international flights arriving in Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nWhat is a “red list” country\n\n\nThe full list can be found on the Government’s website.\n\nWhat about people are are not a UK or Irish national or a UK resident?\n\nIf they have been in a “red list” country in the past 10 days they are banned from entering the UK.\n\nWhat should I do before I return to England?\n\nTravellers must take a coronavirus test and get a negative result in the three days before they travel.\n\nThose coming from a country on the Government’s banned list must book a “managed self-isolation package” which includes a hotel, transport and testing.\n\nPassengers will also be required to complete a passenger locator form with details of where they will quarantine on arrival.\n\nThose who provide false information on their locator form could face up to 10 years in prison.\n\nHow much does a stay at a quarantine hotel cost?\n\nThe Government’s quarantine package includes the cost of transport from the airport to the designated hotel, food, accommodation and testing.\n\nA single adult will be charged £1,750 for one room for the duration of their stay, an additional £650 for anyone over the age of 12 and £325 for children aged between five and 12.\n\nThere will be no additional fees for children under five.\n\nWhat if I don’t book a quarantine hotel?\n\nPeople face a fine of up to £4,000 for not booking a quarantine package, and will still have to pay for one on arrival.\n\nCan I fly into any airport?\n\nNo. Those booked into a quarantine hotel can only fly into Heathrow, Gatwick, London City, Birmingham and Farnborough airports.\n\nThose with pre-existing bookings to a different port of entry must change it to one of the above.\n\nPeople who fail to do this face a fine of up to £10,000.\n\nWhat happens when I arrive?\n\nTravellers need to provide their passenger locator form, passport and a negative Covid-19 test result to Border Force staff.\n\nThey will then be transported to their quarantine hotel, with transport also arranged back to the airport at the end of their stay.\n\nGuests are required to quarantine in their hotel room for 10 days.\n\nHow many quarantine hotels are there?\n\nThe Government has struck deals with 16 hotels so far, providing 4,963 rooms for the new quarantine system, with a further 58,000 rooms currently on standby.\n\nWill I be tested during my stay?\n\nGuests need to take a Covid-19 test on or before day two of their stay, followed by another on or after day eight.\n\nThose who refuse to take a test will face a £2,000 fine, the Government said.\n\nWhat happens if I test positive?\n\nThose who test positive on day two must quarantine until day 12.\n\nPeople who return a positive result on day eight must stay until day 18.\n\nWhen can I leave my quarantine hotel?\n\nPeople will be able to leave after receiving a negative result from the Covid-19 test on day eight and have quarantined for a full 10 days.\n\nWhat if I’m returning from a non-“red list” country?\n\nPassengers must instead quarantine for 10 days at home and complete two Covid-19 tests on the second and eighth day after arriving.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9791409969329834}
+{"content": "Robert Rasely 1950–2005\n\nA longtime resident of Pennsylvania, Robert Rasely was born in 1950, and grew up in Stroudsburg. He trained at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art from 1978 to 1982, studying with Will Barnet, Arthur DeCosta, Sidney Goodman, and Henry Pearson. In 1981 he received the William Emlen Cresson Scholarship, which allowed him to study in the Netherlands and Italy. The winner of numerous awards, Rasely was prolific during his relatively short career. Rasely was the subject of solo exhibitions at the Charles Campbell Gallery, San Francisco and Allan Stone Gallery, New York, and was included in group exhibitions at the Bruce Museum, Greenwich and the National Academy of Design, New York.\n\nA synthesis of Surrealism, Baroque, Grotesque, and Italian Renaissance, Rasely’s paintings envision an altered netherworld, with dreamlike interiors and landscapes of ambiguous organisms. Quirky and nostalgic, though at times affected by a prevailing sense of unease, Rasely’s work combines the manic characteristics of a Bosch inferno with the delicate handling of Dutch vanitas paintings. What appears to be allusions to spirituality and holy significance are not overt allegories, but rather avenues and portals to engage the subconscious. Using fine brushes, hand-ground pigments, and a delicate touch, his lightly glazed oil-on-panel renderings of chimerical scenes and obscure symbols create a surreal atmosphere. Rasely's imagery of sacred hearts, birds, wells, innards, and decaying fruit challenges the viewer to find a concealed meaning within each painting. To wander through his enigmatic landscapes is to search the subconscious for the significance of life, and for the nature of beauty and ugliness.\n\nAuction Results Robert Rasely", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9683120250701904}
+{"content": "Informative Essay on Wilmot Proviso\n\nWas the Wilmot Proviso the first political shot of the Civil War? Explain. The Wilmot Proviso was first prompted by the ending of the Mexican-American War. The war was a conflict between Mexico and the United States during 1846 to 1848. After the annexation of Texas, the United States’ relationship with Mexico was getting more tense. The U. S.\nhad a blockade off the coast of Mexico, and went South through California in order to physically invade parts of Mexico.Those who opposed the war were either Whig or anti-“the spread of slavery. ” This is because those who were against the institution of slavery did not want to acquire new territory: with the acquisition of new territory came new potential for more plantations. The end result of the war resulted in the negotiation (under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo) to attain Texas, as well as the rest of the land to the Pacific Ocean. This total expanse attained nearly half of Mexico. Fighting over slavery expansion also occurred on the floors of Congress.In 1846, shortly after the violence in Mexico startred, James K.\nPolk requested two million dollars to be appropriated to expand land. Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania, fearful of the southern “slavocracy”, introduced an amendment, stipulating that slavery should never exist in any of the territory acquired from Mexico. Those who were in favor of Wilmot’s amendment were against slavery, while those who were opposed to the plan were for the institution of slavery.Though popular in the House, the bill never passed in the Senate. Southern senators did not want the bill to pass, and wanted to gain equal slave land for free land. The “Wilmot Proviso” never became fedderal law, but it was eventually endorsed by free states in legislatures, providing evidence that slavery was a pressing issue. The Wilmot Proviso was ultimately the first political shot of the Civil War.\n\nIt signified the battle between those who embraced slavery and those who opposed it.The heated disputes between Polk and Wilmot prove to be evidence of this. While the United States and Mexico are fighting over land, the legislatures are fighting over what to do with newly acquired land. This is a very important time in American politics because of the division between the nation. As it was apparent through violence and rebellions, it became apparent through legislature in the Wilmot Proviso. This proposed amendment ultimately was the beginning of Civil War because of the differences shown between Polk and Wilmot.\n\nDon't use plagiarized sources. Get Your Custom Essay on\nInformative Essay on Wilmot Proviso\nJust from $13/Page\nOrder Essay\n\nCalculate the price of your paper\n\nTotal price:$26\nOur features\n\nWe've got everything to become your favourite writing service\n\nNeed a better grade?\nWe've got you covered.\n\nOrder your paper\nLive Chat+1(978) 822-0999EmailWhatsApp", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7931828498840332}
+{"content": "Citrus fruits from the mandarin family have important commercial value but how their diversity arose has been something of a mystery\n\nResearchers analyzed the genomes of the East Asian varieties and found a second center of diversity in the Ryukyu Islands along with the previously known center in the mountains of southern China\n\nThey discovered a new citrus species native to Okinawa that arose about two million years ago when the Ryukyu archipelago became disconnected from mainland Asia\n\nThe Covid-19 pandemic and the politicization of health-prevention measures such as vaccination and mask-wearing have highlighted the need for people to accept and trust science.\n\nBut trusting science isn't enough.\n\nA new study finds that people who trust science are more likely to believe and disseminate false claims containing scientific references than people who do not trust science. Reminding people of the value of critical evaluation reduces belief in false claims, but reminding them of the value of trusting science does not.\n\nOncotarget published \"Frame-shift mediated reduction of gain-of-function p53 R273H and deletion of the R273H C-terminus in breast cancer cells result in replication-stress sensitivity\" which reported that these authors recently documented that gain-of-function mutant p53 R273H in triple negative breast cancer cells interacts with replicating DNA and PARP1.\n\nOncotarget published \"TERT and its binding protein: overexpression of GABPA/B in high grade gliomas\" which reported that all GA-binding proteins progress through the glioma grades and have the highest expression levels in secondary glioblastomas.\n\nResearchers created a global dataset of job footprints in 50 countries and used a model to investigate how trying to meet the Paris Agreement global climate target of staying well below 2°C would affect energy sector jobs. They found that action to reach said target would increase net jobs by about 8 million by 2050, primarily due to gains in the solar and wind industries. The analysis appears July 23 in the journal One Earth.\n\nHumid tropical forests, vital in global efforts to limit rising temperatures, are under threat as a result of changes in land use and climate. Now, researchers reporting in the journal One Earth on July 23 have developed a new way to keep tabs on the vulnerability of these forests on a global scale using satellite data. Called the tropical forest vulnerability index (TFVI), the hope is that this method will serve as an early warning for areas that are under the greatest threat to enable actions aimed at protecting these forests before it's too late.\n\nRecently, a research group led by Prof. YUAN Kaijun and Prof. YANG Xueming from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed strong isotope effects in photodissociation of the water isotopologue (HOD) using the Dalian Coherent Light Source.\n\nTheir findings were published in Science Advances on July 23.\n\nWhat The Study Did: Researchers investigated the association between net worth at midlife and subsequent longevity in individuals as well as with siblings and twins.\n\nAuthors: Eric D. Finegood, Ph.D., of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, is the corresponding author.\n\n\n\nWhat The Study Did: Using survey responses from students in some Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, high schools, researchers investigated how experiences of bullying based on race/ethnicity/national origin and other marginalized identities are associated with outcomes for health, mental health and violence among adolescents.\n\nAuthors: Chardée A. Galán, Ph.D., of the University of Pittsburgh, is the corresponding author.\n\nHershey, Pa. -- Financial instability, lack of infrastructure, a deteriorating sense of community and family fragmentation are key contributors to diseases of despair in Pennsylvania communities, according to Penn State College of Medicine and Highmark Health researchers. The researchers conducted four focus groups in Pennsylvania communities identified as having high rates of despair-related illnesses.\n\nUniversity of Virginia School of Medicine researchers have discovered a previously unknown repair process in the brain that they hope could be harnessed and enhanced to treat seizure-related brain injuries.\n\nCommon seizure-preventing drugs do not work for approximately a third of epilepsy patients, so new and better treatments for such brain injuries are much needed. UVA's discovery identifies a potential avenue, one inspired by the brain's natural immune response.\n\nMany disease-causing bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa crawl on surfaces through a walk-like motility known as \"twitching\". Nanometers-wide filaments called type IV pili are known to power twitching, but scientists ignore which sensory signals coordinate the microbes' movements.\n\nHow does a view of nature gain its gloss of beauty? We know that the sight of beautiful landscapes engages the brain's reward systems. But how does the brain transform visual signals into aesthetic ones? Why do we perceive a mountain vista or passing clouds as beautiful? A research team from the Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics has taken up this question and investigated how our brains proceed from merely seeing a landscape to feeling its aesthetic impact.\n\nAlexandria, Va., USA - Ruth Lipman, American Dental Association (ADA) Science and Research Institute, Chicago, Ill., U.S., presented the poster \"Strategies for Disseminating Guidance to Dentists during the COVID-19 Pandemic\" at the virtual 99th General Session & Exhibition of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR), held in conjunction with the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR) and the 45th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research (CADR), on July 21-24, 2021.\n\nA new optogenetic tool, a protein that can be controlled by light, has been characterized by researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB). They used an opsin - a protein that occurs in the brain and eyes - from zebrafish and introduced it into the brain of mice. Unlike other optogenetic tools, this opsin is not switched on but rather switched off by light. Experiments also showed that the tool could be suitable for investigating changes in the brain that are responsible for the development of epilepsy.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9990634918212891}
+{"content": "We need all hands on deck as pandemic bites harder\n\nCritical to stem the tide to prevent tsunami of infections\n\nGauteng is in the grip of the third wave of Covid-19 infections in all its fury. Within the next four weeks it will probably overwhelm the province and spread across the country. We need to go into a higher lockdown level.\n\nIn a life-and-death struggle, a deadly war of attrition is in full progress between man and microbe as the Covid-19 tsunami wave turns our major cities into islands of death and desolation...\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9571244120597839}
+{"content": "Watch Mass on YouTube Register to Attend Mass Donate to the Parishes\n\nFr Bob Writes – Feast of the Most Holy Trinity\n\nThis Sunday is the feast of the Trinity. Below is a reflection on this feast by Fr Raniero Cantalamessa, preacher to the Pope.\n\n“Why do Christians believe in the Trinity? It is hard enough to believe that God exists without having to add the puzzle about God being “one and three.” \n\nThere are some today who would not be upset if we dropped the Trinity. For one thing, they would say, it would help dialogue with the Jews and Muslims, who profess faith in a God who is strictly one. The answer is that Christians believe God is triune because they believe God is love! If God is love, then he must love someone. There is no such thing as love of nothing, a love that is not directed at anyone. So we ask: Who is it that God loves so that he is defined as love? \n\nA first answer must be that God loves us! But men have only existed for a few million years. Who did God love before that? God could not have begun to love at a certain point in time because God cannot change. Another answer might be that before he loved us, he loved the cosmos, the universe. But the universe has only existed for a few billion years. Who did God love before that so that he was defined as love? We cannot say that God loved himself because self-love is not love, but egoism, or, as the psychologists say, narcissism.\n\nHow does Christian revelation answer this question? God is love in himself, before time, because there is eternally in him a Son, the Word, whom he loves from an infinite love which is the Holy Spirit. In every love there are always three realities or subjects: one who loves, one who is loved and the love that unites them. Where God is understood as absolute power, there is no need for there to be more than one person, for power can be exercised quite well by one person. But if God is understood as absolute love, then it cannot be this way.\n\nThe contemplation of the Trinity can have an important impact on our human life. The life of the Trinity is a mystery of relation…We know that happiness and unhappiness on earth depend in large part upon the quality of our relationships. The Trinity reveals the secret to good relationships. Love, in its different forms, is what makes relationships beautiful, free and gratifying. Here we see how important it is that God can be seen primarily as love and not as power; love gives, power dominates. That which poisons a relationship is the will to dominate another person, to possess or use that person instead of welcoming and giving ourselves to him or her…”", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7748258113861084}
+{"content": "COVID-19 Travel Guide\nLearn more ›\n\nFind bus tickets from Hof to Regensburg\n\nLowest Prices\n\n\nNo Wanderu Fees\n\n\nBest Travel Options\n\n\nHof-Regensburg Bus Timetable\n\nRentalCars logotypeRentalCars logotype\n\nJourney Information\n\nThere are 3 intercity buses per day from Hof to Regensburg. Traveling by bus from Hof to Regensburg usually takes around 2 hours and 42 minutes, but the fastest FlixBus bus can make the trip in 2 hours and 15 minutes.\n\nDistance90 mi (145 km)\nShortest duration2h 15m\nCheapest price€9.50\nTrips per day3\nMost frequent serviceFlixBus\nBus lines1\n\nWhat bus companies travel from Hof to Regensburg?\n\nThere is one intercity bus company that operates from Hof to Regensburg. FlixBus is the only company that connects the two cities by bus. Fortunately, it has multiple scheduled buses per day for you to choose from.\n\nBusDaily TripsAvg. TimeAvg. Price\nFlixBus32h 42m€9.50\n\nFrequently Asked Questions\n\nIs it safe to travel by bus from Hof to Regensburg during the COVID-19 pandemic?\n\n\n\n\nHow long is the bus ride?\n\nThe bus takes an average of 2 hours and 42 minutes to cover the 145 kilometers from Hof to Regensburg. However, the fastest bus only takes 2 hours and 15 minutes. It's the perfect amount of time to take a nap, get some work done, or watch a movie. Keep in mind that your actual bus may arrive earlier or later than scheduled, depending on whether there is more or less traffic than usual.\n\n\nThe busiest and least busy days to travel on this route tend to change frequently from week to week. Weather, holidays, local events, and other factors can affect how crowded the bus is on any given day.\n\nWhen do the earliest and latest buses leave Hof?\n\nThe first bus leaves at 12:00 and the last bus leaves at 17:00. To see the times for all buses from Hof to Regensburg, enter your specific travel dates in the search bar.\n\nHow many buses are there each day?\n\nThere are 3 scheduled buses that travel from Hof to Regensburg every day, so you have a decent number of options to choose from. Furthermore, all of these are direct buses which you can take the entire route from Bavaria to Bavaria without transferring.\n\nNeed more travel options? Consider taking the train from Hof to Regensburg; ticket prices start at €18.91.\n\nStation Information\n\nWhere does the bus leave from in Hof?\n\nDeparture stations\n\nMost buses depart from the main station in Hof.\n\nWhere does the bus arrive in Regensburg?\n\nArrival stations\n\nAll buses from Hof arrive at one main station in Regensburg.\n\nNeed a return trip from Regensburg to Hof?\n\nSearch Bus Tickets\n\nWanderu is the simplest way to book bus and train travel.\n\n\nBook coaches and trains on the go with the Wanderu app.\n\n\nAvailable on iOS & Android", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.538046658039093}
+{"content": "Champions League and Europa\n\nDo you often call the handyman? There are hundreds of cases when we are at despair or just don’t know what yo do in our home. e need somebody who will fix everything and return our normal lifestyle. This unique breed of human isn’t exactly a plumber nor is he or she an electrician; he’s not a framer or roofer, per say, nor is the handyman an HVAC specialist. And she’s probably not a cabinet maker, painter, or tile specialist, but can probably repair a cabinet, paint a room, or tile a bathroom with aplomb.\nThe handyman is the jack of all trades when it comes to minor to mid-level home repairs and home improvements. In other words, a handyman is worth his or her weight in gold. You don’t have to give this all-important figure in your life gold as a holiday gift, though; instead consider one or two of the items included on our list of great gifts for the handyman.\n\nWhen someone says their computer is low on memory… what exactly do they mean? Are they running out of space to save files, or is the computer running slow?\n\nSystem RAM (Random Access Memory) – this is generally in the range of 256 megabytes to 8 gigabytes on recent systems. This is where programs reside and run from while the computer is running. When you shut it down, it gets cleared – temporary usage, so to speak.\n\nHard Drive Space – this is generally 40 gigabytes and up – recently into the range of terabytes of storage. This is where your files are written to and read from. This storage is saved even when the computer is off. For example, you download 100 music files and save them. These get written to your Hard Drive, not system memory.\n\nWhen people tell me that our President has delivered his 7th State of the Union speech recently, I always correct their mistake and tell it was eighth, in fact. On February 24, 2009, the start of Barack Obama’s 2nd month in office, he made an extensive speech on then ongoing Great Recession crisis. He tried to show what his personal vision for a path out was and why it was aligned with a $787 billion stimulus law that was passed that same day. Also, Mr. President talked foreign politics on that same occasion.\n\n  1. Structured Analysis of the Situation;\n  2. Hackers Can Steal Your Financial Info with Your Name and Email;\n  3. He explained how well he will succeed in using diplomacy;\n  4. That is confirmed by President himself.\n\nHe explained how well he will succeed in using diplomacy instead of Bush’s warmongering, strengthen old alliances and, all in all, spruce up US international image to a better one. He said: “living our values doesn’t make us weaker, it makes us safer and it makes us stronger.”\n\nFor me personally, 7 years later, all these is just a short summary of all the promises Mr. Obama failed to deliver to America’s doorstep. Roy Fowler\n\nEven GOPers were approving of the path POTUS has undertaken then…at least of the rhetorics style, which he so Hollywood-esquely told it in.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6397307515144348}
+{"content": "Midnight | Plank | 20x20 Pillow\n\nThis product is currently sold out.\n\nMidnight | Plank | 20x20 Pillow\nMidnight | Plank | 20x20 Pillow\n\n\nThis pillow features our repurposed material made from saris that is block printed and overdyed with our seasonal prints and colors. Each pillow is made-to-order, and each style can be reordered. \n\nWe embrace that each piece of our repurposed material has differences in stitching styles, patterns and patches. As such, we recommend ordering pillows in pairs at a minimum for highest consistency. \n\nOur repurposed material, between 60-80 years old, is refreshed, conditioned and softened using a vinegar-based solution. Each vintage front is paired with a custom-colored, 100% linen back. \n\nColor: Midnight\n\nPrint: Plank\n\n\nFabric: Repurposed textile front (mostly cotton); 100% linen back.\n\nSize: 20x20” filled with a 22x22” 90/10 feather-down insert.\n\nCare: Dry clean recommended. If preferred, gentle wash cold and air dry. No bleach. Do not wash insert.\n\nOrigin: Sourced and prepared in India; Stitched in Atlanta, Ga.\n\n\nMidnight | Plank | 20x20 Pillow\nMidnight | Plank | 20x20 Pillow", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9793895483016968}
+{"content": "| Contact Us\n\nA Better Friend Than a Porcupine\n\nby Laura Overdeck\n\nCapybara eating watermelon with friends\n\nFun furry animals like mice, rats, squirrels, beavers, and porcupines are all part of one big family. They’re “rodents,” meaning their front teeth grow all the time, and their chewing wears them down. But who’s the biggest rodent of all? The capybara. It almost looks like a small bear or a very big-nosed dog, and it’s happy to hang out with other creatures. At an animal shelter in Arkansas, a group of puppies met a rescued capybara named Cheesecake, and right away decided she should be their new mom. They snuggle up to her, climb on her, and splash in the kiddie pool with her. Cheesecake also happily shares watermelon with a baby deer and a turtle. They’re probably all glad she isn’t a porcupine!\n\nWee ones: If there are 9 puppies plus the capybara, how many furry animals are in this “family”?\n\nLittle kids: If you took Cheesecake for a walk, how many legs would the two of you have together?  Bonus: How many legs do the capybara, deer and turtle have all together?\n\nBig kids: Porcupines weigh about 35 pounds, but capybaras weigh around 100 pounds more than that!  About how much does a capybara weigh?  Bonus: If Cheesecake is exactly 4 feet long, is she longer or shorter than you – and by how many inches?\n\nThe sky’s the limit: If the shelter has twice as many turtles as capybaras and 10 times as many puppies as turtles, and there are 69 animals in total, how many animals of each type do they have?\n\n\n\n\nWee ones: 10 animals.\n\nLittle kids: 6 legs.  Bonus: 12 legs.\n\nBig kids: 135 pounds.  Bonus: Different for everyone…subtract 48 inches from your height, or subtract your height from 48 inches.\n\nThe sky’s the limit: 3 capybaras, 6 turtles and 60 puppies.  Each capybara is part of a “set” of 23 animals: 1 capybara, 2 turtles, and 20 puppies – and 69 is 3 x 23. So there are 3 sets in total.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9638504981994629}
+{"content": "Cutting Tools → Air Saw Blades\n\nAir saw blade is specifically designed for use in pneumatic saws for thin sheet metal applications. These blades are heavy-duty air reciprocating saws that can cut flat and curved surfaces easily. The air saw blades are engineered for high-speed metal cutting requirements. It has a body constructed with aircraft-grade aluminum which makes it highly durable and resistant to corrosion and other chemical actions. Our air saw blade features powerful teeth of hardened, high-speed steel which are electron beam welded onto a spring steel backing. Its high-speed steel teeth provide a strong, long-lasting cutting edge and can cut a wide range of materials, trims, and shapes light plate steel, sheet metal, and plastics. We offer a range of air saw blades for reciprocating saws.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9967874884605408}
+{"content": "Uses for a Steam Turbine\n\nTrains can be powered by steam turbines.\n\nSteam turbines are used to transfer energy to drive a machine. They are used to create electricity from various energy sources that produce the raw material steam. These energy sources include fossil fuel, nuclear energy, geothermal energy and even solar power. Steam turbines have also been used to power locomotives and ships. Steam turbines convert heat energy into kinetic energy and from there can create electric energy via a generator.\n\n1 Electricity Generators\n\nThe steam turbine system is used to create over 80 percent of the world's electricity supply. In order for the turbines to work, steam must first be created from an energy source. These include fossil fuels, solar energy, geothermal energy and nuclear energy. Recently, agricultural waste and renewable materials have also been used as raw material in the combustion step.\n\nFossil fuels are burnt in order to release the energy in the chemical bonds. For example, gas, oil and coal combustion is used to heat water (or an alternative substance such as freons) in a steam boiler. The steam produced from the boiler runs through a controller steam valve and through the turbines.\n\nEach side of the turbine has a different pressure due to the hot expanded steam on one side and colder denser air on the other, and so the steam runs through the turbine to the colder side, turning the turbine rotor. Rotors can be \"impulse,\" which means the force of the steam entering turns the rotor, or \"reaction,\" where the rotor is turned by the steam as it leaves the blades. Once the steam has been through the rotors and drained of energy, it can be recycled via a steam condenser back into the steam boiler to be boiled again and reused.\n\nAs the steam heat energy has now been turned into kinetic (movement) energy, the rotor can be used to power an electric generator, producing the final product, electricity.\n\n2 Steam Locomotion\n\nSteam turbines were also used to create motion in locomotives. The kinetic energy of the turbines was converted into turning force to drive the locomotive wheels. This use of steam turbines was not very successful and was abandoned in the United States in the 1950s.\n\n3 Steam Ships\n\nSteam ships use the same principle as locomotion production to power a ship. The raw materials for the steam are burnt and the heat produced is used to create steam from a water boiler. The steam turns the turbine and the kinetic energy is used to turn the propellers of the ship and move the ship through the water.\n\nJillian O'Keeffe has been a freelance writer since 2009. Her work appears in regional Irish newspapers including \"The Connacht Tribune\" and the \"Sentinel.\" O'Keeffe has a Master of Arts in journalism from the National University of Ireland, Galway and a Bachelor of Science in microbiology from University College Cork.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9495039582252502}
+{"content": "Friday, September 22, 2017\n\nBook Launch, Signing, Raffle\n\nI'm giving a presentation and having a book signing and raffle in Lincoln, Nebraska. You in?\n\nSaturday 9/30 from 2-4pm\nHardin Hall auditorium\n3310 Holdrege\nUNL's east campus\n\nRaffle prizes include signed books, t-shirts, local goods, seeds, plants, and garden tools. Party on!\n\nIf you want to order a signed copy of the book and have it mailed to you go here. \n\nAnd if you aren't following my new blog address, why not?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9579549431800842}
+{"content": "Is undiagnosed PTSD causing your chronic stress or fatigue?\n\nPTSD high and low cortisol\n\nAre you chronically stressed out, chronically fatigued, or both? Are you careful about your diet and lifestyle but nothing works? You may want to consider whether post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) plays a role in your poor stress-handling ability.\n\nStudies show PTSD alters the body’s ability to regulate cortisol, our primary stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands. People with poor adrenal function suffer from usually either low cortisol or high cortisol.\n\nAltered cortisol levels increase the risk for developing chronic conditions, such as autoimmune disease, chronic pain, or chronic inflammation.\n\nMore women suffer from PTSD than men\n\nNot just war veterans suffer from PTSD. In fact, more women than men suffer from PTSD.\n\nWhy? For one, more girls than boys suffer sexual abuse as children, predisposing women to more severe reactions to traumas later in life. Researchers also found that sexual trauma causes more emotional suffering and is more likely to contribute to a PTSD than other types of trauma.\n\nWomen are also biologically more prone to PTSD than men.\n\nAre your stress hormones to high or too low?\n\nLow cortisol causes low blood sugar, blacking out when standing up, weakness and fatigue, waking up at 3 or 4 a.m., depression, hypersensitivity, and an inability to cope with stress.\n\nHigh cortisol causes symptoms of insomnia, not feeling rested after sleep, weight gain around the abdomen, anxiety, chronic stress, and hormonal imbalances.\n\nSupporting adrenal function is fundamental to good health. The first place to start is with diet, as many cases of =low or high cortisol are simply a matter of too much sugar and too many processed carbohydrates.\n\nUndiagnosed immune reactions to foods, such as gluten, dairy, egg, and soy can trigger adrenal issues.\n\nAn undiagnosed and chronic parasitic, viral, or bacterial infection can take their toll on the body’s stress handling abilities and cause low or high cortisol.\n\nAnd, of course, lifestyle factors affect adrenal function. Over exercising, over working, not getting enough sleep, or being in a stressful job or relationship can certainly tax your adrenals and lead to altered cortisol.\n\nBut if you have been addressed all those and low or high cortisol persists, it’s time to investigate whether PTSD is a contributing factor.\n\nPast traumas and even your parents’ traumas can cause poor adrenal function\n\nStudies have shown that PTSD can cause low or high cortisol. An interesting finding is that people tend to have low cortisol if both parents suffer from PTSD. This is likely due to both the biological effects of PTSD as well as the child’s environment growing up.\n\nResearch has also found that low cortisol is more often associated with the PTSD symptoms of avoidance, withdrawal, and isolation, while high cortisol is associated with hyper arousal and re-experiencing traumatic events.\n\nCortisol plays a significant role in your physical and mental well-being and if you suspect you may have PTSD, it’s important to seek non-pharmaceutical treatments. Fortunately, PTSD is much studied these days and many treatment options exist.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998015761375427}
+{"content": "Market Overview\n\nFxPro Daily Insight for April 30\n\nFxPro Daily Insight for April 30\n\nMarket overview Futures on the SP500 lose 1.4% before the start of the New York trading session, turning sharply down in the last minutes. VIX adds by reflecting risk aversion in markets. DAX, CAC40 lose 1.1% each, FTSE100 drops 1.9%.\n\nDXY turned up after touching at 99.5 amid weakening euro. From the beginning of the day, the demand for yielding assets prevailed, which resulted in a weakening dollar. However, the mood has changed as investors in Europe are careful before the long weekend.\n\nGold remains in the range of $1700-1715 the third day. Fixing positions at the end of the month puts pressure on quotes.\n\nOn intraday WTI charts, there are seen buying for the third day in a row, as in a line. Brent in the spot market stabilized at $26.4, after the jump at the start of the day.\n\nECB announced a cut in the TLTRO III program rate. The Central Bank pledges to pay banks 0.5% if they take money at a multi-year auction, and 1% if the money goes to the real sector.\n\nImportant events for May 1, GMT (Exp.): 08:30 UK !! Manufacturing PMI (Apr, 32.9) 14:00 US !!! ISM Manufacturing PMI (Apr, 36.7) 17:00 US !! Baker Hughes U.S. Rig Count (20-26.04)\n\nArticle Rating", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7935460209846497}
+{"content": "Fall Favorite: Broad City (Hulu)\n\nA recap of my fave episode of Season 1. #BroadCity is available to binge on Hulu.\n\n\nBroad City is based in New York, it revolves around two friends: Ilana and Abbi. It follows their lives; their triumphs and failures- but it ain’t that deep. They are funny, quirky girls trying to make it in a big city.\n\n\nThe episode starts with a music video re-enactment in the tune of Drake’s “Started from the Bottom.” Can you stand the rain, anyone? Abbi’s making it rain at the bank, depositing a big ass check from a recent illustration gig.\n\nAfter she discovers her non-roommate jerking off in the living room, she decides she’s moving out. The assignment: find a new apartment in New York City. The broker, Pam, pulls up.\n\nAfter 3 apartment viewings, Abbi decides to search on her own without Pam’s expertise.\n\nIlana, her spunky counterpart, has discovered she is being charged for a remote she never returned when she cancelled her cable service. But where, or who, has the lost remote?\n\nAbbi enlists the help of Ilana’s “boy toy” Lincoln, to search for an apartment. Did she find her dream place?\n\nBest line of the episode: “Bitch, you’re 22.”\n\nWarning: If you don’t like cussing or vulgar comedy, this show is probably not for you.\n\nWhat’s your fall favorite show?\n\nFall Favorite: Broad City (Hulu)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7658113241195679}
+{"content": "This article was originally published by Development Alternatives Blog Series — Alternative Perspectives. The original article can be found here. A popular TED talk by the founder and promoter of the Social Progress Index, describes the potential for achieving the very ambitious and\n\nEnvironmental degradation is a topic that gradually moved from scientific journals to international negotiations, as mounting evidence from the scientific community showed that the existing consumption and production patterns were unsustainable. These patterns define a style of development that has\n\nScroll Up", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9415582418441772}
+{"content": "Providence, RI Emergency HVAC Service ��� 02901 Air Conditioning Unit\n\nHow To Know When An HVAC Emergency Service Is Needed in Providence, RI 02901 (855) 916-2991\n\nWhen your heater or air conditioner breaks down, it can wreak havoc on the comfort of your home or business. Some problems clearly indicate the need for immediate repairs, such as an HVAC unit that is no longer producing any warm or cool air. However, there are less obvious issues that also warrant an emergency service. If you are experiencing any of the following, reach out to the expert emergency HVAC team at Bell Heating & Air Conditioning, right away.\n\nSign of HVAC Emergency service\n\nA refrigerant leak which can be hazardous to your health\nMold growth in your air ducts which can lead to respiratory problems\nElectrical issues which can result in the unit catching fire if left unrepaired\nA gas leak from your furnace which is extremely dangerous to your health and safety\nHaving a professional technician evaluate your system and recommend the necessary repair is crucial in preventing any further damage and restoring the overall comfort of your property.\n\nWhy should I hire a professional HVAC repair service? Providence, RI\n\nA professional, certified HVAC technician has been through a lot of training, passed exams, and is continuously learning about new ways to keep your system functioning properly. When there is a problem and repairs or installations need to be made, they are able to successfully repair (or install) them without creating additional problems. Having your system inspected on a regular basis can prevent future problems and allows the technician to make suggestions on how you can avoid those potential problems from happening. If any actions should be taken immediately, they can address the issue. If something should be done in the near future, they can schedule a reminder so that you don’t have to keep track of the issue. This keeps your system in good condition and your family (or co-workers) comfortable.\n\n24/7/365 Emergency HVAC Services & AC,Heating Repair in Providence, RI (855) 916-2991\n\nFor emergency HVAC service, you need professionals you can trust to fix your system right away. Our emergency heating repair and emergency AC repair services will give you peace of mind. Our heating and air conditioning experts can solve your HVAC issues quickly and effectively, often on the first visit. We know that a malfunctioning heating or AC system in need of repair can be uncomfortable and inconvenient, so we do everything we can to restore the comfort in your home. Whether you’re in need of specialized repairs or you need your whole system to be replaced, there is nothing our team can’t handle. We are available to assist you around the clock!\n\nServices we offer in Providence, RI 02901:\n\nHeating and cooling services near me in Providence, RI\nHeating and cooling repair services Providence, RI 02901\nCommercial heating and cooling services in Providence, RI\nHvac service providers in RI 02901\nRI 02901 hvac service companies\nAir conditioner maintenance service Providence, RI\nAir conditioning service cost in RI 02901\n\n(855) 916-2991\n\nOur heating and cooling service plans worth it?\nWhat is the average cost of a new heating and cooling system in Providence, RI?\nHow much does it cost to put central heat and air in Providence, Rhode Island?\nWhat are the most efficient heating and cooling system?\nWhat is the cheapest heating system to run?\nWhat is the cheapest way to heat a room in Providence, 02901?\nWhat is the cheapest way to heat a cold room?\nDoes a fan heater use a lot of electricity?\nHow can I heat my room without a heater?\nCan a candle heat a room?\nHow do I keep my walls warm in the winter in Providence, RI?\n\n\nNorth Providence-RI-Emergency-HVAC-Service-02911-Air-Conditioning-Unit\nEast Providence-RI-Emergency-HVAC-Service-02914-Air-Conditioning-Unit\nCentral Falls-RI-Emergency-HVAC-Service-02863-Air-Conditioning-Unit", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6931629180908203}
+{"content": "Balancing on an edge: dynamical criticality as a biological strategy for flexibility and integration\nMonday, September 28, 2015 - 12:00pm to 1:00pm\nJoseph Henry Room, Jadwin Hall\nPhysics and the Lewis-Sigler Institute\n\nA number of biological systems organize themselves so as to be perpetually at the fulcrum between large, opposing forces. Simultaneously rapid synthesis and degradation of mRNA or proteins, ion channels open while ion pumps go at full blast, muscle tone of both muscles and countermuscles pulling our limbs in opposite directions, and large amounts of simultaneous excitatory and inhibitory activity in cortex: all these are well-established examples of this strategy. Like running the air conditioning and the heating at full blast at the same time, this strategy appears wasteful, since it continuously consumes energy, but what does it in fact achieve?\n\nThe precarious balance at the center of such tug-of-wars is called a critical point. It has been well-established that such a critical point underlies amplification and frequency selectivity in the cochlea. I will describe models of cortical dynamics where various critical poising scenarios balancing excitation and inhibition allow for the creation of flexible, rapidly changing states, and for adaptive strategies that can vary temporal or spatial scales of sensory integration depending on the signal-to-noise level of the input. I shall finally review analysis of ecocorticography recordings in humans and primates, showing that critical dynamics features present during awake behaviour disappear during induction of sleep and anesthesia.\n\nView profile of Marcelo Magnasco.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9668033123016357}
+{"content": "If you have a good leader, you are much closer to success. Leaders are the drivers for navigating the company and its people towards the destination of success. However, unless the leader has a cooperative team of people to abide by his rules and follow his instructions, nothing can be achieved. Thus, it is important that an organization has a good leader and disciplined followers in order to help it reach the pinnacle of success. So, how do you get your people disciplined, focused and engaged? It as all up to you! You know that the more engaged your people are, the more efficient and effective the organization will work, which will lead to more success. So, let us answer the question?How to get your people more engaged?\n\nbaclofen buy online, Zoloft withoutprescription. What working culture should you follow?\n\nIt is generally seen that employers are trying to increase team engagement by providing incentives, rewards, perks and compensation. But, this is a kind of effort that has a very short-term effect. But, you need more long-term results. So, what do you do? You build up a great culture within your company! Yes, it is the working culture you have that will boost up the engagement levels of your team members. You need to have an environment where employees are open and honest while being respectful and thoughtful. Every team member must be empowered to take up ownership and look for ways to overcome obstacles, while also being accountable for the results. This kind of environment brings a healthy atmosphere in all levels of the organization.\n\nHow can leaders promote a particular culture?\n\nAs a leader, what can you do to foster a particular working culture? You need to model the culture that your company requires in order to succeed. When leaders are highly engaged to lead the team, there is almost a 60% chance of having highly engaged employees too. This is because engaged leaders create experiences that promote the same feelings of engagement within the employees. These feelings will determine what the employees believe to do and not to do. Whatever behaviour you model as a leader will be copied by your team a whether positive or negative. So, it is for you to decide how you want to lead by example and create experiences for your team to follow.\n\nFirst of all, you must ask yourself what kind of a leader you will personally want to follow, or what kind of a team would you like to have. These questions will help you know how you would like to behave. Based on these thoughts and answers, you will be able to find out when, where and how you will reveal the required personality. Moreover, you need to have your people to understand the purpose of your team and the organization as a whole, letting them know the results you wish to achieve, and how their actions will impact the company as performance.\n\nRemember that it is the culture that you shape for your team at every level that will impact employee engagement, and will thus accelerate the organization as performance. If you are not sure you can handle this responsibility as a leader, make sure you take assistance from MARG, where you can be provided with the finest leadership skills training in Bangalore, to know when, where and how you must behave with your team.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9496866464614868}
+{"content": "Conti-Rental: The Home Rental Capital of Europe\n\nMashroom Team\nBy Mashroom Team\nDec 29, 2020\nConti-rental_ The home rental capital of Europe (4)\n\nCulture impacts everything in day-to-day life, from food to housing choices. \n\nDespite being in one continent, European countries differ significantly – and this includes their views on housing habits. In the UK, renting is often seen as less favourable with every resident seemingly in a rush to get onto the property ladder. \n\nHowever, in many European countries, renting is seen as a better option than buying. Tenants embrace the ‘no-ties’ attitude and the safety net of the landlord’s responsibility to fix any problems. There are many positives to renting a property instead of buying, including the lack of bank loans, so why do some countries turn their nose up at it?\n\nHere at Mashroom, we’ve dug into the data to reveal which European countries lead the way for embracing the rental movement. \n\nBest European Country for Renting\n\nWhen scored overall based on rankings across all three categories, Germany rose through the ranks to steal the crown with first place in two out of three categories. We looked at; the cost of rent, the laws protecting tenants and the number of people who rent, to determine who took the top spot. \n\nGermany’s neighbours, Austria and Belgium, came second and third respectively. Austria is famed for its extended summer vacations, long lunch breaks and short workdays, so it’s easy to see why people are drawn to living there without ties. \n\nThe graphic shows the top 10 countries for renting, but who came bottom? With expensive rent, and less robust tenant laws than other countries, Spain comes in last. Although in the last 12 months they have moved to increase legal protection for renters.\n\nbest european country for renting revealed\n\nTop 18 Rental Hotspots\n\nGermany takes the lead with the highest percentage of renters which make up over half of the country’s population. Germany is well known for its open-minded attitude to renting, with tenants enjoying the no-ties lifestyle. \n\nSlovenia came in the last place with a tiny 2.4% of the population renting property. Yet with stunning scenery, skiing and beautiful beaches, it’s easy to see why people want to stay put in the country. \n\nSurprisingly, the UK came 8th, with almost a quarter of the population renting. As the average age of renters in the UK is 40, compared with 57 for owner-occupiers, this is a trend we could expect to see an increase over the coming years.\n\ntop 18 rental hotspots in Europe\nCities with the Most Expensive Rent\n\nBerlin was determined to be the least expensive for average monthly rent per square meter with only £6.58, this is a far cry from £25.08 in the French capital city, Paris. \n\nLondon is known as one of the most expensive capitals in the world, the city sits on the expensive side of the scale with £18.13 in rent per month. \n\nIn the midpoint of the table, we see Warsaw, Rome and Prague. These are all popular tourist destinations which could impact rental prices due to the increase in local amenities.\n\ncities with the most expensive rent in Europe\n\nRental Laws across Europe\n\nA very important factor when renting properties is the laws protecting tenants and landlords. \n\nUsing the Global Property Guide, the countries were scored from 1 – strongly pro-landlord to 5 – strongly pro-tenant. \n\nFrom this, we discovered that Denmark was the only country that scored 5/5 due to having strongly pro-tenant laws. The UK, however, came joint last and gained the description of pro-landlord.\n\nHungary and Poland appear to strike the balance of protecting both parties. In Hungary, they have a system wherein some rental contracts, you can sign a tenancy without even mentioning the rent amount. The proposed rental amount is sent to the tenant 8 days before moving, at which point they can dispute it.\n\nrental laws across Europe\n\n\nUsing Statista we found which countries are renting the most, and at what proportion of the population. Using Deloitte’s Property Index 2019 we found European city’s rent per m2 and used this to calculate the most and least expensive. \n\nUsing data from the Global Property Guide we have ranked each country by renting laws from 1-5, with 1 as strongly pro-landlord and 5 as strongly pro-tenant. \n\nThe overall top cities to rent was calculated by using a ranking system based on costs, laws and number of renters to determine the best country to rent.\n\nGet started for free\n\nStart listing\nCopy Link Copied!\n\nFurther reading…\n\n\nYour complete guide to gas safety certificates\n\nMillions of households across the UK use gas to power their homes. And it might come as no surprise that the infrastructure that …\n\nAlan Aksenenko\nBy Alan Aksenenko\nJun 28, 2021\n\nThe UK’s Happiest Residents\n\nAccording to the World Happiness Report 2021, the UK is the 17th happiest country in the world. Happiness looks different for every person, …\n\nMashroom Team\nBy Mashroom Team\nJun 1, 2021\n\nGet started for free\n\nStart listing", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9887679815292358}
+{"content": "Mongolian Ethnographic Ger Museum\n\nMongolian Ethnographic Ger Museum\n\n\nEthnographic Ger Museum\nThe ethnographic Ger museums is one of the business card that promotes the nomadic lifestyle and culture of our generation that is moving away from us day by day. The museum has over 300 exhibitions contains the ancient nomadic Mongolians of XVII to the early 20th century, including the cultural, religious items, and rare books and scripts.\n\nMongolian tea tradition\nMongolians usually use animal milk with their own oil, salt and oil nutriments in their tea that makes them distinctly different from the types other nations use. Please take further interest in the recipes, method of preparation, procedures and the dictations of nomadic Mongolians. \n\nThe ceremony of the brewing (Togoo nereh)\nMongolians widely used traditional alcohol beverage made by distillated curds. It is known as Nermel (distillation), Shimiin, and Milk’s alcohol. We can illustrate the classic version of the alcohol brewing (Togoo nereh) of a typical Mongolian family. Depending on the season sample tasting is also available. \n\nLocation: Khan-uul district, 4th khoroo. Artsat 17-587, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia\nTel: 99956949, 91913234\nFacebook: Mongolian Ethnographic Ger Museum", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9468013048171997}
+{"content": "See also: Ninja Ranks\n\nKonoha genin.\n\nGenin (下忍, literally meaning: low ninja, meaning (Viz): junior ninja) are the lowest level of ninja and also the ones that display the most difference in power. When they become genin, ninja start to do their bit for their village's economy – being sent on missions that the village gets paid for. They are typically sent either on D-rank missions, which are almost entirely risk-free jobs of manual labour, or, rarely, on C-rank missions, which are a cut above that and begin to verge on real \"ninja\" work that have a very low possibility of risk to the ninja involved. When Konohagakure was short-handed on upper-level ninja because of the invasion, the village had to occasionally send genin on higher-ranked missions.\n\nGenin are put in four-man cells, or squad, consisting of three genin and a jōnin-sensei, in order to learn teamwork and experience true ninja life under the supervision and protection of an elite shinobi. The make-up of these teams is based on the individual skills of the genin, so that there will be a balance between the teams. For instance, Naruto Uzumaki, who passed with the lowest grades, was put in a team with Sasuke Uchiha and Sakura Haruno, who passed with the highest grades and highest written exam scores, respectively. Due to the fact that genin are the lowest level ninja, they are normally assigned D-rank or C-rank missions so as to gain experience before taking on harder missions or being promoted to the rank of chūnin, by successfully completing the Chūnin Exams, a set of difficult tasks made to test the skills of genin to see whether or not they are fit to become chūnin.\n\n\n  • A shinobi's rank doesn't necessarily reflect their abilities, as such, Naruto despite being a genin, was selected to become a kage. He admitted to Team 5 that he was still a genin at the time of his selection to become Hokage due to circumstances prevented him from taking the Chūnin Exams beyond the first and only one he ever took.\n    • Similarly, Kosuke Maruboshi, who is called the Eternal Genin (万年下忍, Mannen Genin) has the skills of a jōnin-level shinobi, but is officially a genin — a rank he had consciously decided to remain at, due to personal reasons. He shares the epithet with Might Duy, who in his twenty years as a genin mastered the Eight Gates.\n\nSee Also", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6535778641700745}
+{"content": "Are There Iguanas In Miami Florida?\n\nAre There Iguanas In Miami Florida? Green iguana populations now stretch along the Atlantic Coast in Broward, Martin, Miami-Dade, Monroe and Palm Beach Counties and along the Gulf Coast in Collier and Lee Counties. There have also been reports as far north as Alachua, Highlands, Hillsborough, Indian River and St. Lucie Counties.\n\nWhy are there so many iguanas in Miami? Something weird is happening in Florida. In case you hadn’t heard, iguanas are all but overrunning the Sunshine State. And we’re talking about big lizards. They’re thriving there because of South Florida’s subtropical climate and a lack of natural predators.\n\nIs there an iguana problem in Florida? And that’s a problem. The state has no plan for how to deal with it. The green iguana is the most in-your-face invasive species in South Florida.\n\nWhere can I find iguanas in Miami? Keep New Times Free. Miami Beach decided to take on a more regulated approach. It launched a pilot program last summer with Redline to trap or snare iguanas in five locations: Muss Park, Pinetree Park, Brittany Bay Park, Scott Rakow Youth Center, and Flamingo Park.\n\nYou Might Also Like:  De Que Se Alimenta La Iguana?\n\nAre There Iguanas In Miami Florida – Related Questions\n\nWhat type of iguanas are in Miami?\n\nIguanas and other non native lizards in florida\nGreen Iguana. Green Iguana (Iguana Iguana)\nMexican Spinytail. Mexican Spinytail Iguana (Ctenosaura Pectinata)\nBlack Spinytail. Black Spinytail Iguana (Ctenosaura Similis)\nCurly-tailed Lizard.\nBrown Basilisk Lizard.\nTokay Gecko.\nRed-headed Agama.\n\nCan I kill iguanas in Florida?\n\nGreen iguanas are not protected in Florida except by anti-cruelty laws and can be humanely killed on private property year-round with landowner permission. Members of the public may also remove and kill iguanas from 25 Commission-managed public lands without a license or permit under Executive Order 20-17.\n\nDo iguanas bite you?\n\nIguanas do bite people, but only in self-defense. Their sharp teeth are specifically created to tear plants apart, but could be really painful to humans. Fortunately, they give a warning before doing so. In addition, iguanas also have extremely sharp claws.\n\nCan an iguana kill a dog?\n\nApparently, iguanas stunned by the cold snap are falling out of trees and laying in hibernation, dying or dead on the ground where dogs find and play with or eat them. The results have proven fatal for many of the canines. According to the Miami Herald, bacteria on the iguanas crusty skin leads to botulism poisoning.\n\nDo iguanas eat cats?\n\nCats can of course, be deadly to lizards. Iguanas are larger and scarier to see but not to cats who still view them as moving toys.\n\nWhat smell do iguanas hate?\n\nIguanas tend to steer clear of tough plants with thick leaves as well as citrus, pentas and crotons.\n\nYou Might Also Like:  Does A Leopard Gecko Need A Heat Lamp?\n\nDo iguanas eat meat?\n\nIguanas should not eat meat or bugs. You should stick with plants, leaves, flowers and fruits. Other foods can be bad for Iguanas if they’re fed too much of them.\n\nWhat are iguanas scared of?\n\nIguanas are really scared of light produced by some products. People can hang compact discs in their garden that can confuse them quickly. One can tie compact discs to plants or trees in a garden that can result in more advantages.\n\nWhat do green iguanas look like?\n\nAppearance of Iguanas\n\nAre iguanas friendly?\n\nIguanas are able to recognize their owners and family, have a great memory, are affectionate, live 15 to 20 years and can be trained to eat, sleep and go to the washroom at desired times and places.\n\nAre iguanas poisonous?\n\nIguanas possess atrophied venom glands that produce a weak harmless venom, and they are common pets to reptile collectors. Nevertheless, iguanas possess dozens of sharp serrated teeth. Although bites are relatively uncommon, they can produce serious injuries to faces, fingers, wrists, and ankles.\n\nHow do you kill iguanas?\n\nMany professionals use a captive bolt gun or pellet gun. Afterwards, you have to be careful with how you dispose of the body, too. You can’t transport and abandon the body in another part of the state. If you’re not up to killing an iguana yourself, there are plenty of other things you can do to deter them.\n\nCan an iguana kill a cat?\n\nCats and Lizards or Iguanas\n\nWill a 177 kill an iguana?\n\n177 moves fast enough to kill an iguana, but you have to have incredible aim. The death must be humane. An underpowered . 177 pellet will simply bounce off.\n\nYou Might Also Like:  How Do You Take Care Of A Gecko?\n\nWhat eats iguanas in Florida?\n\nNatural Enemies. Raccoons, fish, crows, vultures, feral pigs, and other predators dig up iguana nests and eat the eggs. Raccoons, snakes, hawks, owls, egrets, herons, cats, and dogs kill the majority of hatchling and juvenile iguanas.\n\nCan an iguana bite your finger off?\n\nMathew said though it’s unusual for an iguana to bite off a child’s finger, the type of injury is quite common. “These injuries heal so beautifully, most patients don’t need them,” he said. It took about half an hour to stitch up the fingertip, and Christopher was sent home soon after the surgery.\n\nDo iguanas carry disease?\n\nThe most common iguana diseases are salmonellosis and botulism, while others include leptospirosis, campylobacteriosis (a bowel infection), and trichinellosis (a muscle and nervous system disease).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5163141489028931}
+{"content": "Sweet Potatoes or Yams?\n\nAsk the Test Kitchen\n\nWhat is the difference between sweet potatoes and yams? I make a sweet potato pie with yams. I don’t think I have actually tasted a sweet potato. Can they be substituted for each other? —P.H., Cardiff by the Sea, CaliforniaSweet potatoes and yams are similar in many ways, so they’re often confused with one another. To add to the confusion, canned sweet potatoes are often labeled yams. The sweet potato is a member of the morning glory family and native to Central America. Two varieties are readily available. One has a pale skin with a light yellow flesh and a dry mealy texture. The other has dark skin with a dark orange flesh that cooks to a moist texture. This variety is often commonly known as a yam. True yams, though, are not readily available in this country and are seldom grown here. However, they are available throughout Latin America, Asia, India, West Africa, the South Pacific and the Caribbean. Though you’re not likely to find true yams at your grocery store, yams and sweet potatoes are interchangeable in most recipes.\n\nMore Sweet Potato Pie Recipes »\n\nPopular Videos", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6961254477500916}
+{"content": "RockElectroniquePopFolklorique, CountryJazzFunkRapClassiqueReggaeLatineScène, ÉcranBluesNon musiqueEnfantsMilitaireAutres\nTéléchargement le album ARLETTY\n\n\n\n\n\nTaille de l'album MP3:\n\n1516 mb\n\n\n\nTéléchargement le album ARLETTY\n\n\nLéonie Marie Julie Bathiat 15 May 1898 23 July 1992, known professionally as Arletty, was a French actress, singer, and fashion model. She was found guilty of treason for an affair with a German officer during World War II, but she continued her career which included playing Blanche in the French version of A Streetcar Named Desire. Arletty was born in Courbevoie near Paris, to a working-class family. After her father's death, she left home and pursued a modeling career. She took the stage name. Arletty born Léonie Marie Julie Bathiat May 15, 1898 - July 24, 1992 was a French fashion model, singer, and actress. Arletty was born in Courbevoie, France, to a working-class family. Her early career was dominated by the music hall, later appearing in plays and cabaret. Arlettys career took off around 1936 when she appeared as leading lady in the stage plays Les Joies du Capitole and Fric-Frac, in which she starred opposite Michel Simon. Arletty was a stage performer for ten years before her French film debut in 1930. In 1945, Arletty appeared in her most famous film role, th read more. Arletty & Michel Simon. Les Plus Belles Chansons Du Cinema Francais. Georges van Parys, Jean Boyer. Arletty - Grands Succès. The Orchard Music от лица компании ISJRDigital SODRAC. Couplets de la chalcographie. Album 2009 22 Songs. French Pop 2009. Colombier, Serge Gainsbourg. feat: Serge Gainsbourg, Michel Simon. feat: Accompagnement D'Orchestre. Arletty - Rebels Of Art. Лента с персональными рекомендациями и музыкальными новинками, радио, подборки на любой вкус, удобное управление своей коллекцией. Mon homme, 03:09. Pourquoi m'as -tu fait ça , 03:05. Arletty, Actress: Les enfants du paradis. Before Arlette-Leonie Bathiat went to the movies she was a secretary and had posed several times as a model for different painters and photographers. In 1920 she debuted on stage at a theatre. She only began to work in movies after 1930. After World War II she was condemned to prison for having been the lover of a German official during the. Arletty, Une Passion Coupable by Fabrice Aboulker. 25 songs. 2015 year. Format mp3. Download soundtrack for free and listen online\n\nEn rapport avec ARLETTY", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5380558967590332}
+{"content": "Sharday Engel\n\nWhy is Sharday one of our faves?\nMama to daughter Lily and son Eitan, Sharday is one of those people who you just want to be like, or at the very least, be BFFs with. Her laid-back yet put together style is #FashionGoals for us at GREIGE, and she definitely proves that style doesn't have to end with motherhood. Oh, and did we tell you she's also a fashion industry vet? So. Cool.\n\nOriginally from the sunny land of Australia, Sharday now lives with her family in the sometimes sunny, but let's get real here, mostly rainy Vancouver, British Columbia. Her website covers it all - experiences as a mom, fashion and beauty buys, travelling with littles, and how she got her first job in fashion (such a cool read!). Also make sure to check out her IG feed @shardayengel for more style inspo from her and her adorable minis.\n\nKeep reading for our mini Q&A with Sharday Engel...\n\nEitan is wearing the It's All Good Overalls and Sharday is twinning in the GREIGE X One of a Few overalls\n\n\nQ: How do you come up with your blog topics?\nA: As simple as it sounds, it's usually what I'm dealing with or experiencing at that point in time. For example when I went back to work after my mat leave ended with Lily, I delved deep into why I wanted to be a working mama and how I made it happen. Now it's all about breastfeeding & being in baby jail with Eitan!\nQ: What is your favourite thing to do with your kids?\nA: Without a doubt, Sunday mornings at home. Coffee in hand, some classic Fleetwood Mac or Billy Joel playing, hubby in the kitchen cooking crepes and the kids playing in the living room. This is my happy place.\nEitan is wearing The Bubble Woven Romper and Sharday is in The Chaunti Coverall\n\n\nQ: What is the next milestone you are looking forward to reaching with Eitan?\n\nA: I'm looking forward to introducing solids. I remember that was such a game changer with Lily. Of course, it's a lot more work but so enjoyable to see them experience new foods. We're big on food in our house, so spending hours in the kitchen is our kinda fun.\n\n\nEitan is wearing the It's All Good Overalls\nQ: What is the funniest thing Lily has said as of late?\nA: My husband was crossing the road with Lily the other day. She said \"Ok, I'm going to hold your hand, not because I'm a kid, but because we're married\". \nFor more on Sharday, you can find her on Instagram as @shardayengel and on the interwebs at", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.773390531539917}
+{"content": "The First Person\n\nKipling became a political poet because he preferred writing in the second or third person to writing in the first person. In the 834 pages of the collected poems there is exactly one lyric written in propria persona, and that is the final one… The poems give delight frequently, but they also raise disquiet. To read them… is to suspect that meditation and the first person have rather paupered English poetry. The hermetic lyric of personal emotion and its sloppier successor, the psychological self-search, account for an appalling percentage of all verse.\n\n— Turner Cassity\n\nNot found by me; I stole it from Anecdotal Evidence", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7878004312515259}
+{"content": "Search for \"Geoffrey Hinton\"\n\nDisplaying 1-2 of 2 results\n\nRobotics in Canada\n\nRobotics is the branch of engineering that concerns robots: reprogrammable, multifunction manipulators designed to move objects and complete tasks through a variety of programmed motions. The field includes the conception, design, manufacture and operation of such machines. Robotics overlaps with a variety of other electronic and engineering disciplines including artificial intelligence (AI), bioengineering, computer science, mechatronics (the engineering of both electrical and mechanical systems) and nanotechnology. In the late 20th century, Canada distinguished itself in the field with the development of the Canadarm for space missions. Despite the challenges of competing in the international market, Canadian companies, institutes and researchers are now world leaders in the development of AI applications for robotics.\n\n\nArtificial Intelligence (AI) in Canada\n\nThe term artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the capacity of a machine to simulate or exceed intelligent human activity or behaviour. It also denotes the subfield of computer science and engineering committed to the study of AI technologies. With recent advancements in digital technology, scientists have begun to create systems modelled on the workings of the human mind. Canadian researchers have played an important role in the development of AI. Now a global leader in the field, Canada, like other nations worldwide, faces important societal questions and challenges related to these potentially powerful technologies.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999624490737915}
+{"content": "Senior Dinner #sol14\n\nTonight was the 100 Nights dinner, a new event for our senior class.  In celebration of 100 nights left until graduation, the junior class threw a dinner for the seniors.  What makes our school a little different is the fact that the seniors don’t want to count down to graduation.\n\nThere were tears tonight and there will be more in June.  I know I will have a difficult time speaking at graduation because these are my kids.  They started HTHS the same year I returned as a teacher.  I’ve watched them grow into the men and women they are today and I’m so proud of them.  I’m not sure what it will be like to go through the school days next year without their smiling faces, silly comments, and inside jokes.\n\nBut tonight, while full of tears, was also about family.  Spending time together, laughing at memories, and getting excited about the next step in the journey.  Giggling over silly movies.  Taking selfies.  As one of their own reminded them, there are only 100 nights left until graduation, but that’s a chance to cherish 100 more nights (and days) together.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9565876126289368}
+{"content": "Analyzing Machesney Park\n\nWhy Don't We Visit Chaco National Park In NW New Mexico, USA From\n\nMachesney Park, IL\n\nLets visit Chaco Culture National Monument in NW New Mexico from Machesney Park. Based from the use of similar buildings by current Puebloan peoples, these rooms had been areas that are probably common for rites and gatherings, with a fireplace in the middle and room access supplied by a ladder extending through a smoke hole in the ceiling. Large kivas, or \"great kivas,\" were able to accommodate hundreds of people and stood alone when not integrated into a housing that is large, frequently constituting a center location for surrounding villages made of (relatively) little buildings. To sustain large buildings that are multi-story held rooms with floor spaces and ceiling heights far greater than those of pre-existing houses, Chacoans erected gigantic walls employing a \"core-and-veneer\" method variant. An core that is inner of sandstone with mud mortar created the core to which slimmer facing stones were joined to produce a veneer. These walls were approximately one meter thick at the base, tapering as they ascended to conserve weight--an indication that builders planned the upper stories during the original building in other instances. While these mosaic-style veneers remain evident today, adding to these structures' remarkable beauty, Chacoans plastered plaster to many interior and exterior walls after construction was total to preserve the mud mortar from water harm. Starting with Chetro Ketl's building, Chaco Canyon, projects for this magnitude needed a huge number of three vital materials: sandstone, water, and lumber. Employing stone tools, Chacoans mined then molded and faced sandstone from canyon walls, choosing hard and dark-colored tabular stone at the most effective of cliffs during initial building, going as styles altered during later construction to softer and bigger tan-colored stone lower down cliffs. Liquid, essential to build mud mortar and plaster combined with sand, silt and clay, was marginal and accessible only during short and summer that is typically heavy.   The Chaco Wash canyon produced the arroyo, a water that is flowing that occasionally flows. The rains were collected in both wells and dammed areas, along with the natural sandstone reservoirs in the pond water to which many ditches direct the rivers. The canyon used timber resources for roofing construction and building stories that are upper. However, these were destroyed by drought or deforestation throughout the Chacoan fluorescence. Chacoans travel 80km on foot to reach coniferous forests, cutting down and drying the trees, before returning to their canyon home and welcoming each other. It was a complete lot of work, as each tree had to be taken by several individuals for most days. Over three hundred years worth of rehabilitation and building of houses large and important locations within the canyon resulted in more than 200,000 trees. Chaco Canyon's designed landscape. Chaco Canyon was a unique area with a high architectural density. However, it absolutely was simply one small an element of the vast linked region that made up Chacoan culture. There were over 200 other settlements that had large buildings, large kivas and the same brick design and style as the canyon. They were among the most prominent locations within the San Juan Basin. However, their total area was larger than the Colorado plateau in England. Chacoans created a complex network of roads, leveling and digging the ground to link these locations to 1 another. Oftentimes, they added metal curbs or macerated curbs to support the connections. They were often built in huge homes in the canyon, and extend in amazing sections that are straight. Other locations seem to have acted as observers, enabling Chacoans to track the sun's passage forward of every solstice and equinox, which may be employed in agricultural and activity planning that is ceremonial. Probably the most popular of these are \"Sun Dagger\" petroglyphs at Fajada Butte, which is a towering, solitary land form on the east side of the canyon. At the summit there are two petroglyphs that are spiral or framed by dredgers of sunlight traveling through three rock plates before each sunset and equinox regarding the day of each solstice. Further proof of Celestial consciousness by Chacoans may be found in a series of photos (rock pictures formed by artwork or similar) on a right part of the wall of the canyon. One picture is of a star that might be a supernova occuring in 1054 CE, an event that was sufficiently brilliant to appear throughout the day for an period that is lengthy of. The near placement of another Crescent Moon picture provides this idea credit, since the moon ended up being at its decreasing phase and during its period of high brightness shone in the sky close to the supernova.  \n\nThe average household size in Machesney Park, IL is 2.95 residential members, with 77.9% owning their very own homes. The mean home valuation is $120642. For individuals paying rent, they pay out on average $956 per month. 54.3% of families have dual incomes, and a median domestic income of $63662. Median income is $30951. 7.5% of residents are living at or below the poverty line, and 12.3% are considered disabled. 8% of inhabitants are veterans regarding the military.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8820675015449524}
+{"content": "If these walls could charge…..energy inovations\n\n\nGRIST: Your future home could be powered by the bricks it’s built with\n\n\nImagine a world where instead of threading the walls of your house with copper wires that deliver electricity from the grid, the walls themselves stored that energy, potentially drawn from a solar array on your roof.\n\nWhile the science isn’t anywhere near delivering that fantasy yet, Julio D’Arcy’s lab at Washington University in St. Louis has developed a proof-of-concept simple red construction brick imbued with the ability to store energy, as well as power small devices. His team revealed its invention in a study published in Nature Communications this week.\n\nAbout 40 percent of energy consumption in the United States takes place in buildings — homes, hospitals, stores, schools, restaurants. Right now much of that demand is met by fossil fuels, resulting in about a third of U.S. carbon emissions. As renewable sources replace coal and gas power plants, it will become increasingly essential to store some of that energy to access when the wind isn’t blowing and the sun isn’t shining.\n\nLithium-ion batteries, like the ones in cell phones and electric vehicles, are one solution; but lithium is a scarce, expensive resource, with environmental consequences. Scientists like D’Arcy are trying to develop novel materials that can rival lithium-ion. Right now, when about 60 of D’Arcy’s bricks are stacked together in a system, they can store enough energy to power a 3-watt light bulb (the small ones shaped like candle flames) for almost an hour. One advantage, however, is that the bricks can be recharged very quickly — in under 15 minutes.\n\n“I find this development to be very interesting,” said Shoji Hall, a professor of materials science and engineering at Johns Hopkins University, who was not involved in the study, in an email. “The intersection of nanoscience, energy storage, and structural/decorative materials (i.e. bricks) is something that has hardly been explored.”\n\nWhen D’Arcy’s lab first embarked on the project, they caught some flak from other scientists. “Where is this gonna go?” he remembers them saying. He said that many of the researchers in his field are focused on creating thin, flexible plastic films to improve energy storage. Working with a functional object like a brick was unconventional.\n\nEven D’Arcy didn’t initially set out to work with building materials. His group had been working on chemical synthesis involving iron oxide, aka rust, which is the substance in bricks that provides their signature reddish-orange hue. They had already run experiments using random corroded pieces of metal, red roof tiles, and red clay flower pots where they immersed the materials in a series of gases that reacted with the rust and formed a conductive plastic coating.\n\nBricks turned out to be an ideal material for energy storage because they are very porous, like a sponge, D’Arcy explained. When the group applied the same gases to them, the plastic coated the inside of the brick, and all of the little pores meant there was a lot of surface area on which the plastic could form, greatly increasing the amount of energy it could store. The plastic coating is also unique in that it is composed of nanofibers — string-like structures many thousands of times thinner than a human hair. The fibrous structure of the plastic gives it even more surface area, further increasing its ability to store energy.\n\nThe resulting product is a “supercapacitor,” a device that can discharge electricity more powerfully and quickly than a battery, but doesn’t store as much energy. Right now, D’Arcy’s bricks could potentially be used to power emergency lighting, but they would be no good for powering, say, your laptop. The lab is working to try to increase the brick’s energy density, and ideally, to create a device that is a hybrid supercapacitor and battery.\n\n“That’s where we’re going; that’s where a lot of groups are going,” D’Arcy said. “If we are able to overcome that limitation, then I can really tell you that we are going to create jobs in America.”\n\nDespite the initial pushback to his research, D’Arcy said his peers have come around. “Now that we have finished the publication, all that we hear is compliments from the rest of the community,” he said. “And so that is the most rewarding and humbling experience, honestly.”", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8918405771255493}
+{"content": "Sort By\n\nTo maximize your score in games like scrabble & word with friends, you can use words from this list. You should pick words like lumpishly , luteinize and lumpingly to increase your score instead of words like lutanists , lunarians and lunations\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9413977861404419}
+{"content": "Min menu\n\n\nLatest News [LastPost]\n\nNext to Mancini, these are the reason why Italy won the Euro 2020 title\n\nThe Italian national team wrote a historic football epic that ended with its crowning of the European Nations Cup \"Euro 2020\", which was hosted by 11 countries, in a precedent that did not occur in the history of major tournaments for teams.\n\nMany teams have written success stories during the Euro competitions, while other teams have moved away from the scene, either unexpectedly or with a surprising and surprising scenario, the most prominent example of the latter being the world champion France.\n\nWe review the 4 most prominent players besides coach Mancini who helped the Azzurri in \"Euro 2020\":\n\nGianluigi Donnarumma\n\nItaly goalkeeper Gianluigi Donnarumma is considered one of the biggest winners of Euro 2020. On a personal level, the European Nations Cup was his first major tournament, and he became the first goalkeeper other than Gianluigi Buffon, since Euro 2000, to defend the Azzurri shirt in a major tournament.\n\nDonnarumma responded to the skeptics of all kinds during the euro, the first of whom was the fans of his former team AC Milan, who accused him of seeking money for his agreement to move to Paris Saint-Germain in a free transfer and not renewing his contract.\n\nOn the field, he managed to respond with three clean sheets and amazing saves throughout the tournament, the most important of which was in the penalty shootout during the semi-final and final matches, and his response to the dangerous attacks of the Belgium team in the quarter-finals.\n\nSteel duo Bonucci and Chiellini\n\n\nThe strong defensive duo of the Italian national team succeeded in writing their names in letters of light in the battalion of the best Italian defenders in history with Fabio Cannavaro, Paolo Maldini, Franco Baresi, Alessandro Nesta and others.\n\nThe heroic performance of Leonardo Bonucci and Giorgio Chiellini, despite the violence on the part of the latter in particular in many scenes, had an important and undeniable impact on the coronation of the Italians.\n\nThe tournament, with everything in it, represented compensation for them for a journey full of disappointments, whether with Juventus this season or with the Italian national team in previous years. Rather, their brilliance nominated them to be in the next World Cup, as the first news published after the Italian crowning the Euro was that the Bianconeri administration decided to renew Chiellini for a new year. Until 2022.\n\n\nLeonardo Spinazzola, the left back of the Italian national team, gave an impressive performance during the tournament's journey, but the injury prevented him from completing his career until the Euro 2020 final.\n\nSpinazzola, the Italian national team player, won the award for the best player twice, in his country's victory over his Austrian counterpart with two goals against a goal, in the second round of 16 matches of the European Nations Cup \"Euro 2020\" after he made the first goal for the Italian team, which was scored by Federico Chiesa.\n\nThe Roma player also won the award for the best in the current European Championship, after winning the award in the opening match, in which the Azzurri team defeated its Turkish counterpart by three.\n\nFederico Chiesa\n\n Federico Chiesa, the winger of the Italian national team, the striker, outperformed everyone, including his father, Enzo, the former “Azzurre” player in the European Nations Cup, by scoring two goals in the current edition of the continental competition, as the Italian team qualified for the Euro 2020 final, after achieving a difficult victory over his Spanish counterpart. 4-2 on penalties.\n\nFederico Chiesa made history twice, the first when he scored Italy's first goal against Austria (2-1) in the quarter-finals of the European Nations Cup \"Euro 2020\", becoming the first player to score a goal after his father in the history of the European Nations Cup finals.\n\nJuventus star Federico Chiesa entered history again, after he broke his father's record today, by scoring his second personal goal in the European Nations Cup, by scoring the goal for his country against Spain.\n\nRoberto Mancini\n\nThe elegant Roberto Mancini, who took over the Italian national team in May 2018, after the disaster of failing to qualify for the World Cup for the first time since 1958, revived Italian football.\n\nSince winning the 2006 World Cup in Germany, Italy has suffered a lot in the major tournaments, as it did not go beyond the first round in the 2010 and 2014 World Cups before failing in 2018 to qualify from the ground up, while in the Euro it qualified for the 2012 final to receive the biggest loss in the history of finals 0-4, and then called 2016 quarter-final against Germany.\n\nMancini led Italy to the biggest unbeaten streak in its history with 34 matches after meeting England.\n\nMancini relied on a group of young stars such as Gianluigi Donnarumma, Federico Chiesa and Jorginho, along with experienced Giorgio Chiellini and Leonardo Bonucci, to form a team that is in every sense of the word invincible.\n\nMancini took advantage of the failures of major candidates such as France, Germany and Portugal, and finished himself on giant teams such as Belgium, Spain and finally England.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8576558828353882}
+{"content": "Kodama II\n\nBb Clarinet Ligature, For French Mouthpieces\n\nIncludes Cap.\n\n\nThese ligatures are hand selected and tested by Charles Neidich and Ayako Oshima and then brought back to the United States for purchasing.  Only the best are selected, and we have the Grenadilla and Massaranduba wood options.  \n\n\nThe Ivory is an Artena Music EXCLUSIVE!\n\n\nThis product may have slight variation in texture and color due to all the materials being completely natural.\n\n\n\n\"Massaranduba is an exotic hardwood that is native to the Amazon rainforest in the South American Amazon basin.\nThis product is manufactured from the highest quality lumber harvested from Massaranduba trees that are under 100 years old.\nMassaranduba wood is prized for its extraordinarily high density and exceptional durability.\nIt is also uniquely visually appealing, with a fine, uniform texture and very little color variation.\nIt has a specific gravity of 1:1 .”\n\nKODAMA II, Wood Stone Bb Clarinet Ligature, French", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7888745069503784}
+{"content": "‘EU firms will not simply smile and comply to the BlackRocks’\n\nOn the 03/08/21 at 7:22AM\n\n\nAdrien Paredes-Vanheule\n\nLuc Vansteenkiste and Florence Bindelle, respectively chairman and secretary general of EuropeanIssuers, tell Asset News that European public companies will not accept the ethnic and racial-focused demands of US asset managers.\nLuc Vansteenkiste and Florence Bindelle, chairman and secretary general of EuropeanIssuers\n\nAsset News: US asset managers are calling on US and UK listed companies to disclose the ethnic and racial composition of their boards. Where does EuropeanIssuers stand today in regards of diversity and inclusion within boards?\n\nLuc Vansteenkiste: To start with, we do not have the US ethnic and racial issue on our minds at all since we see no emergency to look at it. Europe is made of 27 countries, it means therefore 27 ethnicities working together and that has been the case for quite some time. We are used to work with individuals from Romania, Spain, the Netherlands or whatever EU country on our boards. Thus, ethnicity is certainly not a problem on boards of European companies. Some actually already disclose the ethnic composition of their boards in their annual reports on their own. Thus, we never had to consider the topic at the exception of the gender male/female diversity question. The gender diversity question has now been more or less settled through local corporate governance laws, which are almost similar across EU countries and rely on a “comply or explain” approach.\n\nWhat about the racial disclosure?\n\nLV: Racial disclosure is a different issue. For US companies, there is a context. The public has seized racial issues in discussions. It is still a very recent phenomenon, which has been under the surface for a long time and exacerbated under Trump administration. In a way, US asset managers try to avoid troubles or being attacked, hence they walk away and reject responsibility on companies like some of them do for several topics including sustainability. Now, the racial disclosure issue is surely interesting but I do not think that in Europe, someone would find interest in knowing whether a dark-skinned individual or a LGBT community member is sitting on the board of a European company. That is not a relevant issue for us today, we have never thought of carrying out a study on this and we still don’t.\n\nWe cannot force a board member to declare for example his/her sexual orientation.\n\nWouldn’t board racial disclosure also be a sensitive topic in Europe because of our history?\n\nLV: You cannot simply bring all social issues at company board level. We inherited our past and we cannot change it but we can try to handle it correctly. If firms start looking at all history troubled periods and ask themselves how they are perceived outside today, we are going the wrong way. \n\nAre European issuers facing pressure from US asset managers already on ethnic and racial board disclosure?\n\nLV: None of our members has reported pressure from the US asset managers yet. The calls of US asset managers focus primarily on the US and on the London Stock Exchange for now.\n\nWould Euronext follow Nasdaq’s request to the SEC?\n\nLV: Euronext has never requested anything as such from us. Euronext will be reluctant to move towards this direction even if US asset managers ask for it. The governance bodies of 27 countries would inevitably question such a move. Moreover, in Europe, we value two fundamental principles. First, equality of treatment of individuals is enshrined in our local basic laws. Secondly, Europeans value the General Data Protection Regulation far more than Americans do. We cannot force a board member to declare for example his/her sexual orientation. Also, it is not rare in Europe to have board members with two or three  nationalities. How do you count them?\n\nEuropean companies will become mad if they are forced to appoint individuals from a very specific community on their boards.\n\nYet, some US investment managers have plans to ask European issuers to disclose ethnic and racial composition of their boards after US and UK firms. What will happen if they do so?\n\nLV: If such demand comes around, the European community will commonly decide upon it. The request will be transferred to the local financial market authorities then to the European Commission before eventually ending up at the EU court of justice. Anything pertaining to more transparency in company reports is currently in the hands of European authorities, which are trying to achieve a harmonised capital markets union.\n\nWe also stress European institutional investors like Norges Bank starting to push for more board diversity... [For Norges Bank, non-diverse boards may lose the trust of customers, investors, and society in the long-term horizon, ed.]\n\nLV: EU firms must take into account a number of social components on their boards like gender diversity (men/women). We have seen a domination of male board members with a uniformed vision for years. We have solved this matter more or less over the last 20 years. The racial issue is dangerous in a sense it could drive companies into inefficient processes that will prevent them to reach their real targets on the economic side. European companies will become mad if they are forced to appoint individuals from a very specific community, like non-gendered for instance, on their boards. First and foremost, board members must demonstrate skills and need to be effective on the board. If that principle falls, everything falls. US asset managers may try the blackmail option by telling European companies they will not invest in them because they do not have any dark-skinned or Asian individual on their boards. We will not let them do this.\n\nWe must ever more pay attention to responsibilities of board of directors following the Wirecard scandal.\n\nAre US asset managers drifting away with their ethnic and racial requests?\n\nLV: We need to be cautious with all that comes from the United States and must not take it as the one-size-fits-all approach. Ways of working and considering things are different in and outside the US. We do not caution certain shareholding practices in place in the US. US asset managers’ requests could not last long in the UK because of Brexit.  Firms listed on London Stock Exchange will most probably react and stand against the US asset managers’ requests. The same will occur in Europe. EU firms will not simply smile and comply to the BlackRocks of this world.\n\nFlorence Bindelle: Some developments regarding social aspects are already tackled as one of the points addressed in the EU upcoming sustainable corporate governance rules. We are sitting within the oversight committee of the Best Practice Principles for Shareholder Voting Research & Analysis Group (BPP) that draft guidelines on ways proxy advisors exercise analysis and which have a huge impact on EU issuers. We commented regularly as the way the topic is addressed does not fit the European companies provided differences in regulation and work environment.  \n\nWe must ever more pay attention to responsibilities of board of directors following the Wirecard scandal. One must not forget that the whole of a board must have competences to run a company. Board composition is diverse by the nature of its activities and strategic development in the various markets and fields where it operates. As such, diversity of competence and experience matters to achieve a long term sustainability.\n\nSign in", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5683976411819458}
+{"content": "Shakti Bowl Livin'\n\nI have truly been living on our Shakti Veggie Bowls and Love. Speaking of, I ❤️ how the dressings make it soo good. #plantcentricfood#highenergyfood #loveyourbelly #shaktibowl#divinelifekitchen\n\n#veggiebowls #shaktibowls\n\n\n\nTake a deep breath before you start to prepare food.  Get yourself fully in the present moment so you can enjoy all the sensual pleasures of the food.\n\n\n\nLet yourself have some freedom in the kitchen.   There is no one way to do any dish.  I often make little changes each time I make even a tried-and -true dish.    Let your taste buds lead you each time.   Maybe today you want a little more lemon or you want to toss in fresh herbs from the garden.\n\nBe free!\n\n\n\nGive GRATITUDE with the first bite. \nTake a pause.  Enjoy every nuisance of the flavors.   Give gratitude for the effort of farmers,  grocery hands,  your own hands, and the planet for giving you this food.\n\nThank you SOURCE, God.  Thank you.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6786028146743774}
+{"content": "Phase Sensitive Detector Circuit:\n\nFigure 10.4 shows a Phase Sensitive Detector Circuit (or phase meter) for comparing an ac, signal with a reference signal.\n\nThe Phase Sensitive Detector Circuit produces a rectified output, which is fed to a dc meter, to illustrate clearly that the output of the phase sensitive detector swings the zero centre pointer in one direction for an in-phase error voltage and in the opposite direction for an out-phase condition. Thus, the function of this dual rectifier circuit is to deflect the zero centre galvanometer (or dc voltmeter) not only to indicate the value of the signal voltage Vs (that is, a measure of the error of imbalance), but also the direction of this error, and the phase polarity of the error compared to a reference voltage. Phase polarity implies that the detector distinguishes only between in phase and 180° out of phase conditions, without regard for other phase angles.\n\nPhase Sensitive Detector Circuit\n\nThe Phase Sensitive Detector circuits of Figs 10.4(a) and (b) follows the action for a signal voltage Vs, which is in phase with the reference voltage Vr starting with an initial condition when the input signal Vs is zero.\n\nIn Fig. 10.4(a), for the first half cycle the instantaneous polarity of the reference voltage Vr causes the rectified current to flow through the conduction rec­tifier D1, producing a positive voltage to ground across R1 and a tendency for the meter to deflect to the right.\n\nOn the second half cycle, Fig. 10.4(b), the instantaneous polarity of the reference voltage Vr causes an equal rectified current to flow through diode D2, producing an equal tendency for the meter to deflect to the left. Since these two equal and opposite tendencies are averaged over the full cycle, the galvanometer reads zero over the full cycle, with input Vs = 0.\n\nWhen an input signal Vs is applied, it either aids or opposes the reference voltage, depending upon whether it is in phase or out of phase with it. If Vs is in phase with Vr the signal voltage will aid the instantaneous ac voltage in the upper half of the transformer secondary, producing a larger current through D1 and a larger dc output voltage on the first half. D2 does not conduct unless Vs is greater than Vr so that the voltage across R2 is the rectified result of Vs — Vr and that across R1 is Vs + Vr.\n\nOn the other half cycle, the signal voltage is in the opposite direction. Diode D1 will not conduct in the upper half and the signal voltage will oppose the instantaneous ac voltage, to produce a smaller dc voltage across R2. The galvanometer therefore deflects to the right in proportion to the magnitude of the in-phase input signal Vs. Similarly, if Vs is 180° out of phase with Vr, the voltages add on the lower half on the transformer secondary, and the galvanometer deflects to the left in proportion to the magnitude of that input signal.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6778004169464111}
+{"content": "How does the “Your Confidence Level” work?\n\nOnce you’ve started making picks with the “confidence meter” on each game, the system will monitor and give us an average of your overall confidence level. The “Your Confidence Level” display is situated above the first matchup box. This tells us how “low or high” your confidence picks is on each game. Then, once you save your picks, your confidence level will be recorded and added to the entire communities.\n\n*Tip: The more honest you are about making your picks, the better it is for the overall big picture of producing winning picks.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7538865804672241}
+{"content": "Essay on Ministers Black Veil\n\nSubmitted By Bwilson119988\nWords: 546\nPages: 3\n\nBrittany Wilson\nEnglish 1302\nTony Roberts\n8 September 2013\n\nThe Minister’s Black Veil by Nathaniel Hawthorne\n\nThe Minister’s Black Veil portrays what is like to be judged and processed through the mind of a person who gives so much, but only receives nothing. Mr. Hooper had the reputation of a good preacher, but not an energetic one: he strove to win his people heavenward by mild, persuasive influences, rather than to drive them thither by the thunders of the word as stated in the story. The minister is judged his associates, townspeople, and eventually his love Elizabeth. The puritans are wondering what sinful thing brought about the change, and asking exactly what the minister has to hide. How can you judge another person by how they choose to live, and not look at your own reflection in the mirror? When a person is unaccustomed to something they begin to judge in their defense.\nThe townspeople state “… but what does the good Parson Hooper got upon his head … “, and begin to whisper rumors starting accusations of what brought about the occurrence. The Puritans state “… he has changed himself into something awful, only by hiding his face, has our Parson gone mad … “. The veil is dark and ghostlike and mysterious to the Puritans. The people are entitled to their own privacies but seem to be invading the pastor’s life. Mr. Hooper becomes the talk of the town, and the Puritans cannot help but question what secret sin lies beneath the veil.\nThe minister attends a funeral and wedding still shielded beneath the veil and still frightening the people. First, he attends a funeral, where the people continue to fearfully gossip that the dead woman was his late lover. The minister begins to give a toast at the wedding and ends up glancing at his reflection in a glass which causes him to see what other people have seen. As stated in the story “ … At that instant, catching a glimpse of his figure in the looking-glass, the black veil involved his own spirit in the horror with which it overwhelmed all others. His frame shuddered, his lips grew white, and", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6247645616531372}
+{"content": "West Virginia Federal Court Lets TCPA Suit Move Forward Against Voice Service Providers\n\nTCPA Connect\n\nAdopting a broad definition of a common carrier, a West Virginia federal court declined to grant a motion to dismiss from several voice service providers in a putative Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) class action lawsuit.\n\nThe case is Mey v. All Access Telecom, Inc., et al. The named plaintiff, Diana Mey, who is well known to TCPA Connect readers as a frequent TCPA litigant, sued multiple communications service providers, alleging that they ran afoul of the TCPA by transmitting calls over their networks that contained spoofed caller ID information.\n\nThe defendants moved to dismiss on the basis that the court lacked personal jurisdiction, arguing that they did not “make” the calls at issue and were immune from liability under the statute as common carriers.\n\nRejecting the defendants’ arguments, U.S. District Judge for the Northern District of Virginia John Preston Bailey first found that the allegations in Mey’s complaint were sufficient to establish jurisdiction.\n\nIn TCPA cases, courts generally find that specific jurisdiction exists when a defendant makes a call or sends a message into the forum state by targeting a telephone number within the particular forum, Judge Bailey explained.\n\nIn that regard, Mey alleged that each of the defendants was paid to send calls into West Virginia, knew the calls were headed to West Virginia and knew that the calls were in fact received in West Virginia. These allegations were enough to support a finding of specific jurisdiction, Bailey said.\n\nThe allegations were also sufficient to state a claim that the defendants “made” calls for TCPA liability purposes.\n\nAlong those lines, Mey claimed that each defendant knew when the spoofed robocalls were placed through their systems, which would “light up” when the spoofer generated large numbers of spoofed calls; could easily have made simple programming changes to block the robocalls from being connected; took the steps necessary to physically place obviously spoofed robocalls to Mey and other class members; profited from the calls; and knowingly and willfully assisted the spoofers to complete the critical steps necessary to make the calls.\n\nDrawing all reasonable inferences in Mey’s favor, the court found that the totality of the circumstances alleged supported a plausible inference that the defendants were liable.\n\nBailey also determined that the defendants were not immune from TCPA liability as common carriers.\n\n“The defendants paint with too broad of a brush,” he wrote. They “have not identified any authority holding that a common carrier cannot be held liable under the TCPA—even if it has been found to have been so involved in the unlawful communications that it can be deemed to have made them. Indeed, the authority is to the contrary.”\n\nDetermining whether a given provider is a “common carrier” is an activity-based analysis that requires a court to consider the actual conduct of an entity. Mey alleged that the defendants were involved in the placement of calls—including the timing or sending of the calls, enabling the fraudulent spoofing, and assisting the spoofers in blocking caller ID—and knowingly allowed them to use the platform in violation of the TCPA.\n\nBased on Mey’s allegations, the court could not find that the defendants were entitled to immunity as common carriers.\n\nFinally, the court quickly rejected the defendants’ arguments that the entire TCPA was unconstitutional during the relevant calls, in light of the Supreme Court’s 2020 decision severing the government debt collector exemption in Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants, Inc.\n\nTo read the court’s order in Mey v. All Access Telecom, Inc., et al., click here.\n\nWhy it matters: The opinion provides an important warning to voice service providers about the potential for liability under the TCPA. Looking at the totality of the facts and circumstances as alleged by the plaintiff, the court rejected the defendants’ argument that there was no jurisdiction, that they did not “make” the calls at issue and should be immune as common carriers, finding the plaintiff’s allegations sufficient to survive a motion to dismiss. The decision is also another in a growing line of authority that the invalidation of the 2015 government debt collector exemption in Barr did not make the entire TCPA unconstitutional.\n\n\n\npursuant to New York DR 2-101(f)\n\n© 2021 Manatt, Phelps & Phillips, LLP.\n\nAll rights reserved", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8776705265045166}
+{"content": "Several research teams writing in the journal Radiology suggest that blood clots play a significant role in why some people become seriously sick with COVID-19.\n\nBlood clots and COVID-19Share on Pinterest\nBlood clots may lead to serious complications in some people with severe COVID-19.\n\n\nThe death toll from COVID-19 continues to rise daily. But how SARS-CoV-2, the new coronavirus that causes the disease, actually causes death remains poorly understood.\n\nClinical reports show that people with severe COVID-19 develop pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure.\n\nAge and underlying medical conditions are factors that increase a person’s risk of severe disease.\n\nIn a collection of articles published in the journal Radiology, experts now highlight that a significant proportion of those with severe COVID-19 show signs of blood clots, which can lead to life-threatening complications.\n\nBlood clotting is a natural mechanism in response to an injury. However, when a blot clot forms within a blood vessel, it can restrict blood flow. Known as a thrombus, it can lead to severe medical emergencies.\n\nIf a thrombus breaks free and travels to another part of the body, doctors call it an embolus. If an embolus reaches the lungs, brain, or heart, the ensuing embolism can become life-threatening.\n\nBut why would thrombi and emboli be an issue in COVID-19? The SARS-CoV-2 virus can infect cells in the lung. In severe cases, this leads to inflammation in the lungs and shortness of breath.\n\nYet, how breathlessness or impaired pulmonary ventilation progresses to death is not entirely clear.\n\n“Worldwide, COVID-19 is being treated as a primary pulmonary disease,” explains Professor Edwin van Beek from Queens Medical Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom. “From the analysis of all available current medical, laboratory, and imaging data on COVID-19, it became clear that symptoms and diagnostic tests could not be explained by impaired pulmonary ventilation alone.”\n\nProf van Beek is the senior author of one of the papers in Radiology. Along with a team of experts, he reviewed whether blood clots might play a role in COVID-19.\n\nViral infections can activate the blood clotting pathway. Experts believe that this process evolved as a mechanism to limit the spread of a viral infection.\n\nTo assess blood clotting in a person, healthcare professionals often measure the amount of a protein complex called D-dimer they have in their blood. D-dimer remains in the blood after an enzyme called plasmin degrades the blood clot in a process called fibrinolysis.\n\nHigh D-dimer levels in the blood are an indication of thrombosis and embolism.\n\nReviewing the evidence to date, Prof. van Beek and his colleagues write: “There is a strong association between D-dimer levels, disease progression, and chest CT features suggesting venous thrombosis.”\n\nRadiology has also published a research letter written by a team from Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besancon in France. The group reports that 23 out of 100 patients in the hospital with severe COVID-19 had signs of pulmonary embolism, which is a blood clot that has traveled to the lung.\n\nThese patients were more likely to be in the critical care unit and require mechanical ventilation than those without pulmonary embolism.\n\nAnother research team from Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg in France echoed the findings. In their research letter, also published in Radiology, the team reports that 30% of 106 patients in the hospital with severe COVID-19 showed signs of blood clots in their lungs.\n\nAccording to the authors, “This rate of [pulmonary embolus] is higher than usually encountered in critically ill patients without COVID-19 infection (1.3%) or in emergency department patients (3–10%).”\n\nThe Strasbourg team also found that these people also had higher levels of D-dimer in their blood than those without pulmonary embolus.\n\nIn his paper, Prof. van Beek explains that there is already evidence of a link between high levels of D-dimers and poor outcomes for patients with COVID-19.\n\nAs researchers begin to understand more about how and why COVID-19 is deadly for some people, this knowledge will help identify the best treatment options.\n\nIn light of their analysis, Prof. van Beek and his colleagues recommend measuring D-dimer levels, monitoring for signs of embolism or thrombosis, and early initiation of anticoagulation therapies to avoid blood clots.\n\n“COVID-19 is more than a lung infection. It affects the vasculature of the lungs and other organs. It has a high thrombosis risk with acute life-threatening events that require adequate treatment with anticoagulants based on laboratory monitoring with appropriate imaging tests as required.”\n\n– Prof. Edwin van Beek\n\nOne of the team’s recommendations is to give a low dose of heparin, which prevents clot formation, to all patients admitted to the hospital with suspected or confirmed COVID-19.\n\nOther scientists have recently suggested using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), which helps to dissolve blood clots, to treat people with severe COVID-19.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9635648131370544}
+{"content": "Fatigue Management In Aviation Many Documented Incidents Essay\n\nLength: 6 pages Sources: 5 Subject: Transportation Type: Essay Paper: #48656662 Related Topics: Challenger Disaster, Guantanamo Bay, Aviation, Aviation Management\nExcerpt from Essay :\n\nFatigue Management in Aviation\n\nMany documented incidents can be linked to pilot fatigue. A case in kind occurred on August 18, 1993, where a Connie Kalitta DC-8 crashed whilst completing its 1/4-mile base leg. The flight crew had flown for 9 hours and been on duty for 18 hours, accordingly disrupting their circadian rhythm and experiencing sleep loss (National Transportation Safety Board, 1993).\n\nShowing how fatigue was determined to be a contributing safety factor in the event\n\nThat the accident was, to a great extent, contributory to sleep loss was confirmed by Jim Danaher, chief of the NTSB's Operational Factors Division at the November 1995 Fatigue Symposium near Washington, D.C.:\n\nThe company had intended for the crew to ferry the airplane back to Atlanta after the airplane was offloaded in Guantanamo Bay. This would have resulted in a total duty time of 24 hours and 12 hours of flight time….\"(National Transportation Safety Board, 1993).\n\nThe NTSB accident report also noted the cause of the accident as likely attributable to \"The impaired judgment, decision-making, and flying abilities of the captain and flight crew due to the affects of fatigue\" (ibid).\n\nThe report proceeds to list other causes, but fatigue is indicated as the primary factor. This, notes Brandon Printup (2000), is rare since fatigue is usually listed as an 'additional cause' with some other factor presented as primary contribution. Here, lack of sleep assumes foremost position whilst the Additional Factors section, in this instance, only displayed criticism on the FAA for inadequate flight and duty time regulations which factors, incidentally, conspired to produce existence of fatigue.\n\nIII. How contemporary fatigue science supports my argument that the significant causal factors of the event were fatigue impairment of the flight crew\n\nScientific research on sleep presents something of a paradox since, whilst on the one hand, it indicates that sleep deprivation is a condition that can be rectified and relatively insignificant, on the other hand, evidence seems to indicate that sleep deprivation may cause major, even fatal, harm. It is for this reason that sleep deprivation is not taken seriously enough, but, in reality, the extent of the harm caused by sleep deprivation depends on a variety of factors including the amount of sleep lost and on other aspects of the individual's circumstances, environment, and life (Weiten, 184). Negative effects of lack of sleep are most likely to occur when the individual has to deal with stress in his or her job or personal situation, when this stress is long lasting, or when individuals are faced with long-lasting, monotonous tasks. Negative effects of sleep deprivation are also likely to occur when individuals restrict their sleep to 6 hours or less for repetitive nights in a row (Weiten, 184). Then again, some individuals are more sensitive to sleep restriction than are others. Approximately, 20% of adults are routinely sleep deprived (Dumer & Dinges, 2005).\n\na. Neurobiology of the sleep-wake regulation cycle\n\nThe negative effects of sleep deprivation are due to the fact that the neurobiology of the regular sleep-wake regulation cycle is disrupted. There are four stage of sleep with the first called REM (rapid eye movement) where the mind is still partially active. This is succeeded by the next three stages where sleep as we know it occurs, and then again a brief interlude of REM during which stage dreams occur. This cycle occurs various times during the night, and the whole is moderated and modulated by a biological clock (otherwise known as circadian rhyme or changes) that is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei that is in the hypothalamus. The biological clock does not only deal with sleepiness but affects all neurobehavioral variables with its circadian rhythm. This includes cognitive performance. What this means is that on a regular sleep-wake pattern, an individual can usually think (therefore function) in a consistently coherent, stable manner. Deprivation of sleep interrupts this circadian rhythm and may elevate homeostatic pressure of this clock to the extent that waking neurocognitive functions are weakened so that they function poorly even during the period of peak circadian wakefulness (Dumer & Dinges, 119). Pilots, for instance, may be especially vulnerable to this condition since they experience long schedules and predictable changes in circadian rhythm.\n\nb. Psycho-Biological effects of sleep-deprivation\n\nIt is for this reason that sleep deprivation is more injurious than is generally believed, and fatigue...\n\n\nProlonged lack of sleep can produce psychomotor impairments such as impeding individual's attention, corrupt his reaction time, impair his motor coordination, and weaken his decision making. It may also negatively impact his or her endocrine and immune system functioning (Weiten, 185). In fact, a study of professional truck drivers found that after 28 hours lack of sleep, drivers evidenced cognitive deficits similar to those found after alcohol intoxication (BAC at 0.1%) (Dumer & Dinges, 118).\n\nThat neurocognitive impairments occur due to lack of sleep is a fact that has long been validated. The most classical study was in 1896 on three adults who experienced 90 hours of continuous wakefulness (Dumer & Dinges, 125). Since that time, numerous studies have documented the negative impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive abilities and behavior.\n\nSleep deprivation actually falls into three categories: (a) long-term total sleep deprivation, (b) short-term total sleep deprivation, and (c) partial sleep deprivation. As is to be expected, partial sleep deprivation has the least effect on neurocognitive functions and it is here that the contradictory results to fatigue since emerge. On the other hand, long-term total sleep deprivation and short-term total sleep deprivation both have a potentially destructive impact on both self-welfare with potential negative ramifications to social welfare in general. The more long-term the sleep deprivation the more negative the impact (Dumer & Dinges, 125). Even partial sleep deprivation, however, still has its consequences since, as recent experiments indicate, the accumulated effect of sleeplessness adds up to the condition of long-term total deprivation (ibid.)\n\nc. Sleep deprivation and accidents\n\nSleep deprivation has not only been blamed for aviation accidents. Approximately, 20% of motor vehicle accidents are routinely attributed to sleepiness (Weiten, 185) as are an equally great proportion of mishaps in the workplace. Studies, for instance, have discovered that nighttime workers across the board routinely fall asleep on their jobs (ibid.). Whilst for some jobs this poses no problem (aside from running the risk of being fired), for others this may result in grievous risk. Examples, here, include responsibilities such as operating trucks, driving buses or trains, working as an air traffic controller, or running a punch press. Momentary lapses of attention can cost countless lives. Major disasters such as the running aground of the Exxon Valdez in Alaska, the nuclear accidents at Chernobyl and Three Mile Island, and the Challenger space shuttle tragedy, have been partially attributed to lack of sleep (Weiten, 185), and experts estimate that accidents reducible to sleep deprivation cost the United States economy over $56 billion annually and result in more than 24,000 deaths per year (Weiten, 2007).\n\nIV. Reasonable measures that would have permitted operational objectives to be met whilst reducing the fatigue risk.\n\nAirlines, FAA, and individuals themselves can all implement measures that will reduce the fatigue risk. In the case of the aircraft accident listed above, measures would have been simple: simply rotate sleep for each person and institute that each crewmember achieves a certain amount of sleep. Yet, sleep rotation is disallowed.\n\na. The FAA and regulation\n\nThe FAA, as the NTSB report correctly noted, was implicated in the accident since their reasonability lies in implementing, coordinating, and monitoring regulations for protection and safety of airlines and pilots. These regulations should include script that extends to fatigue management. Laws exist aplenty in regards to drugs. Alcohol, medical certification…\n\nSources Used in Documents:\n\n\nBrandon Printup, M. 2000. \"The effects of fatigue on performance and safety\" Airlinesafety.com http://www.airlinesafety.com/editorials/PilotFatigue.htm\n\nDuke, T. 1997 \"Battling Fatigue -- the Challenge is to Manage It.\" NATCA Voice. Editorial pp.49-52\n\nDumer, J., & Dinges, D.F., 2005, \"Neurocognitive Consequences of Sleep Deprivation,\" Seminars in Neurology, 25, pp. 117-129.\n\nNational Transportation Safety Board, Aircraft Accident Report, 1993, In Flight Loss of Control and Subsequent Collision with Terrain, DC-8-61, N814CK, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, Washington, DC.\n\nCite this Document:\n\n\"Fatigue Management In Aviation Many Documented Incidents\" (2011, April 21) Retrieved July 28, 2021, from\n\n\"Fatigue Management In Aviation Many Documented Incidents\" 21 April 2011. Web.28 July. 2021. <\n\n\"Fatigue Management In Aviation Many Documented Incidents\", 21 April 2011, Accessed.28 July. 2021,\n\nRelated Documents\nAviation Effects of Fatigue in\nWords: 1574 Length: 5 Pages Topic: Transportation Paper #: 65009303\n\nEmployers should make an attempt to educate their crewmembers better on fatigue, and a regular basis of training is required. Healthy lifestyles that encourage exercise, fitness, a proper diet, and obtaining the appropriate sleep must be encouraged. Employers should also take time to create a team-oriented atmosphere in which the crewmembers can come to management with issues that may be affecting his or her sleep patterns. Employers who provide sleeping\n\nAviation Maintenance Management Theory and Practices\nWords: 4265 Length: 12 Pages Topic: Transportation Paper #: 72632904\n\nAviation Maintenance Management Theory & Practices Aeronautics is considered to be the most secured and fastest mode of journey. But the frequent air accidents and resulting consequences reduce our reliance on the mode. Human flaws are acknowledged to be very critical in diverse fields like medicine, mining, shipping so also aviation. Irrespective of the fact that the role human component is widely acknowledged in the cockpit, its contribution in sphere of\n\nAviation & Human Factor Aviation the History\nWords: 7120 Length: 22 Pages Topic: Transportation Paper #: 32617794\n\nAviation & Human Factor Aviation \"The history of the development and progress of Human Factors in aviation, highlighting areas of significant change\" Development in Aviation field is an essential element from defense prospective of any country. Advancement in assembly of an aircraft is always a result of some human error in handling. Error handling while pilot is operating an aircraft is an unrecoverable action in some cases. Human handling for safety of aircraft,\n\nCrew Resource Management Over the\nWords: 3336 Length: 12 Pages Topic: Transportation Paper #: 49865214\n\n(Kanki, 2010, pp. 452-460) (\"Air Crew Training Manual,\" 2007) In 2006, the guidelines were revised even further with the introduction of Air Crew Coordination Training Enhanced (ACT-E). Under this approach all aviators are given this kind of training from the start of the program. Once they are assigned to a squadron, is when they will have this training further augmented. The way that this takes place, they will have an\n\nAirline Crew Fatigue an Airline\nWords: 2472 Length: 9 Pages Topic: Transportation Paper #: 85694001\n\nWhile the industry appears to be heading to a less prescriptive approach to fatigue management there is still a place for traditional regulations that limit the number of hours worked vs. The new thoughts of \"comprehensive plans\" that help identify fatigue and mitigate risks. It is possible that a flight attendant error, due to fatigue, could possibly result in the death or serious injury to some of our passengers.\n\nAviation Maintenance Resource Management Mrm and Its Impact on U.S....\nWords: 8329 Length: 25 Pages Topic: Transportation Paper #: 75270940\n\nU.S. statistics indicate that 80% of aviation accidents are due to human errors with 50% due to maintenance human factor problems. Current human factor management programs have not succeeded to the degree desired. Many industries today use performance excellence frameworks such as the Baldrige National Quality Award framework to improve over-all organizational effectiveness, organizational culture and personal learning and growth. A survey administered to a sample population of senior aviation", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7356026768684387}
+{"content": "The Cloud Presents Benefits and Challenges for Healthcare Organizations\n\nThe rise of electronic health record (EHR) systems, diagnostic imaging devices and other healthcare applications is driving overwhelming growth of healthcare-related data. A Ponemon Institute study found that 30 percent of the world’s data storage is consumed by the healthcare industry.\n\nThe sheer volume of data is straining on-premises IT infrastructures, leading many healthcare organizations to seek new IT models that improve system flexibility, agility and scalability while also keeping costs in check.  Naturally, these organizations are increasingly looking at the cloud.\n\nIDC says worldwide cloud spending by healthcare providers will total $10.8 billion in 2018 — almost as much as the finance, manufacturing and public sectors combined. Analysts further note that there has been a shift in healthcare clouds from simple data storage to using advanced cloud-based applications to lower costs, gain efficiencies and personalize patient care.\n\nPrivacy, of course, is of extreme importance given the sensitive nature of most healthcare data, including electronic Protected Health Information (ePH), personally identifiable Information and financial data. A variety of vendors address the privacy issue with healthcare-specific cloud platforms that are fully compliant with HIPAA, HITECH and other healthcare regulations. In addition to delivering end-to-end security, these platforms are built for easy integration with leading EHR solutions, provide advanced analytics capabilities, and have integrated software development kits and application programming interfaces.\n\nMigrating critical applications to the cloud is a complicated process that requires careful planning. The sensitive nature of healthcare data requires caution to ensure no security gaps are created during the move. It may require some network security tools to be reworked or reconfigured.\n\nFor healthcare organizations with existing on-premises applications, migration to the cloud can be especially problematic. Any migration project should begin with a thorough assessment to identify and prioritize what assets can be easily migrated, which may need to be redesigned or replaced, and which are better off remaining in-house.\n\nAssessing workloads, designing migration plans and finally migrating to a healthcare cloud platform is a demanding endeavor. SSD’s IT professionals have specific expertise in healthcare technology solutions, a deep understanding of the various cloud models, and proprietary assessment and migration processes. We can help ensure that a shift to healthcare cloud services will deliver the desired benefits.\n\nWhether you move to the cloud or stay with an on-premises system, SSD’s Total Healthcare IT Services practice can help streamline workflows and ensure that your team follows best practices for compliance with ePHI requirements. We will implement tools and processes to protect workstations and electronic media and ensure that only authorized personnel can access ePHI. This includes unique user IDs, automatic log-off, encryption policies and integrity controls to confirm that ePHI records have not been altered or destroyed.\n\nWe will also monitor and track system activity to help ensure the secure transmission of data, and help you establish policies for mobile security. Offsite backup helps protects your critical data from a site disaster or ransomware attack.\n\nThe cloud can relieve the data storage burden on healthcare organizations and provide access to advanced applications that improve the quality of care. Getting there isn’t easy, however, and healthcare organizations must still take steps to ensure that ePHI is protected — wherever it’s stored. SSD offers a suite of solutions and services to help maximize efficiency while ensuring data security and privacy.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9969379901885986}
+{"content": "Why Radial to Coronary?\n\nTransradial Artery Access (TRA) for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is proven to reduce associated bleeding and vascular complications; especially in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).1 Use of TRA for coronary angiography and PCI is also associated with improved measures of quality of life and reduced costs compared with Transfemoral Access. A growing body of evidence supports adoption of TRA to improve ACS-related outcomes, to improve healthcare quality, and to reduce cost.1\n\n\nTerumo Interventional systems offers a suite of products designed to meet specific challenges in treating coronary artery disease. With its radial specific offerings, Terumo provides:\n\n  • Transradial access and closure devices that allow the operators to optimize procedural outcomes while preserving arterial function post-intervention.\n  • Wires and catheters to navigate through tortuous anatomy and PTCA balloons to cross and treat complex lesions to improve outcomes.\n\nIn addition, Terumo hydrophilic coating helps reduce radial artery spasm.2 Allowing the operator to optimize procedural outcomes and patient satisfaction while preserving arterial function.\n\nLearn more about Coronary Procedural Solutions.\n\n\nCoronary Artery Disease, or CAD, develops when the major blood vessels in the heart (coronary arteries) become damaged or diseased. Cholesterol-containing deposits (plaque) in arteries and inflammation are usually to blame for coronary artery disease.3 Below are a few articles demonstrating the benefit of radial access coronary procedures.\n\n\n  1. Valgimigli M,MATRIX Investigators. Radial versus femoral access in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing invasive management: a randomised multicentre trial.Lancet. 2015; 385:2465–2476.\n  2. Rathore S. Impact of Length and Hydrophilic Coating of the Introducer Sheath on Radial Artery Spasm During Transradial Coronary Intervention A Randomized Study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2010;3(5):475-83.\n  3. CDC, NCHS. Underlying Cause of Death 1999-2013 on CDC WONDER Online Database, released 2015. Data are from the Multiple Cause of Death Files, 1999-2013, as compiled from data provided by the 57 vital statistics jurisdictions through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program. Accessed Feb. 3, 2015: https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/help/ucd.html.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8641326427459717}
+{"content": "Australia, Japan and United States join hands to counter China’s use of force in South China Sea\n\nSouth China Sea-WEFORNEWS-min\n\nWashington, July 8: To sternly counter China in South China Sea, The defence ministers of  Australia, Japan, United States has reinforced strong opposition to the use of force or coercion to alter the status quo  of the region, and called on to uphold the freedom of navigation and overflight.  \n\nAustralian Minister for Defence Linda Reynolds, Japanese Minister of Defense KONO Taro, and U.S. Secretary of Defense Mark Esper convened a virtual trilateral defense ministerial meeting on July 7.\n\nConcerned about the recent incidents, including the continued militarization of disputed features, dangerous or coercive use of coast guard vessels and “maritime militia”, the leaders of three countries said no country can disrupt other countries’ resource exploitation activities.\n\nThey emphasized the importance of peaceful resolution of disputes in accordance with international law, in particular as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and called for all countries in the region to take meaningful steps to ease tension and build trust. \n\nThe ministers also called “for any Code of Conduct in the South China Sea to be consistent with existing international law, in particular as reflected in UNCLOS; not to prejudice the interests of third parties or the rights of any State under international law; and to reinforce existing inclusive regional architecture”.\n\nThis comes after USS Nimitz and the USS Ronald Reagan along with their accompanying vessels and aircraft conducted exercises “designed to maximize air defense capabilities, and extend the reach of long-range precision maritime strikes from carrier-based aircraft in a rapidly evolving area of operations.”\n\nThe Nimitz and Ronald Reagan strike groups conducted several exercises and operations to strengthen warfighting readiness and proficiency in an all-domain environment. Integrated operations included air defense exercises, tactical maneuvering drills, simulated long-range maritime strike scenarios, and coordinated air and surface exercises to maintain combat readiness and maritime superiority.Our forces provide combatant commanders with significant operational flexibility to respond to regional contingencies.”\n\nCaptain Michael Rovenolt, commanding officer of Carrier Air Wing (CVW) 5, said, “Working together with another Carrier Air Wing provides advanced opportunities for our squadrons to conduct high-end training, and increase our warfighting readiness…Our forces provide combatant commanders with significant operational flexibility to respond to regional contingencies.”\n\nWorking together with the Ronald Reagan carrier strike group provides advanced, high-end training opportunities that increase our warfighting readiness,” said Capt. Todd Cimicata, Commander, Carrier Air Wing 17.\n\nIn reference to the 2019 Australia-Japan-United States Trilateral Strategic Action Agenda, the ministers directed their respective officials to continue to pursue avenues for practical engagement, cooperation, and interoperability in a time of geostrategic change.\n\nThis joint statement by trilateral countries provides an impetus to the joint statement issued by the members of the ASEAN bloc expressing concerns over the current situation in the South China Sea.\n\nThe ASEAN leaders stressed the importance of maintaining and promoting peace, security, stability, safety and freedom of navigation and over-flight above the South China Sea, as well as upholding international law, including the 1982 UNCLOS, in the South China Sea, working actively towards the full and effective implementation of the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) in its entirety.\nUS Secretary of State Michael Pompeo had said that the US has sent a letter to the UN Secretary-General to protest China’s “unlawful South China Sea maritime claims”.\n\nDefence Ministers also agreed to coordinate to ensure to deter destabilizing or coercive unilateral actions that could alter the status quo and increase tensions in the East China Sea.\n\nThe ministers underlined the instrumental role of ASEAN in facilitating regional dialogue and establishing norms of behavior that support stability, security, and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific region, and recognized the importance of supporting partners in South and South East Asia. \n\nThe ministers emphasized their ongoing support for ASEAN centrality as a key contributor to regional security and prosperity.\n\nBy Arti Bali  \n\nSr Journalist (International Affairs)\n\nRelated Posts", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9212363362312317}
+{"content": "web analytics\n\n\nWith Lyft selling its self-driving division, the market will be dominated by a few rich companies\n\ntodayMay 1, 2021 1\n\nshare close\n\nNews broke this week that Woven Planet, a Toyota subsidiary, will acquire Level 5, Lyft’s self-driving unit, for $550 million. The transaction, which is expected to close in Q3 2021, includes $200 million paid upfront and $350 million over a five-year period.\n\nToyota will gain full control of Lyft’s technology and its team of 300. Lyft will remain in the game as a partner to Toyota’s self-driving efforts, providing its ride-hailing service as a platform to commercialize the technology when it comes to fruition.\n\nThe Toyota–Lyft deal is significant because it comes on the back of a year of major shifts in the self-driving car industry. These changes suggest the autonomous vehicle market will be dominated by a few wealthy companies that can withstand huge costs and very late return on investment in a race that will last more than a few years.\n\nThe costs of self-driving car technology\n\nCosts remain a huge barrier for all self-driving car projects. The main type of software powering self-driving cars is deep reinforcement learning, which is currently the most challenging and expensive branch of artificial intelligence. Training deep reinforcement learning models requires expensive compute resources. This is the same technology used in AI systems that have mastered complicated games such as Go, StarCraft 2, and Dota 2. Each of those projects cost millions of dollars in hardware resources alone.\n\nHowever, in contrast to game-playing AI projects, which last between a few months to a few years, self-driving car projects take several years—and maybe more than a decade—before they reach desirable results. Given the complexities and unpredictability of the real world, designing and testing the right deep learning architecture and reward, state, and action space for self-driving cars is very difficult and costly. And unlike games, the reinforcement learning models used in driverless cars need to gather their training experience and data from the real world, which is fraught with extra logistical, technical, and legal costs.\n\nSome companies develop virtual environments to complement the training of their reinforcement learning models. But those environments come with their own development and computing costs and aren’t a full replacement for driving in the real world.\n\nEqually costly is the talent needed to develop, test, and tune the reinforcement learning models used in driverless cars.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9403248429298401}
+{"content": "Why professional code consultants should never use ‘code’\n\n  • July 21, 2021\n\nWhen it comes to hiring professionals, there is no such thing as code.\n\nProfessional code is code that is written for you, not someone else.\n\nThat’s why it’s vital you don’t hire professional code developers.\n\nIn fact, when you hire a code consultant, you’re not hiring someone who will write code for you.\n\nIn this episode, we’ll explain why.\n\nWhat’s code?\n\nWhen you think of code, you usually think of the kinds of code that are written for a specific purpose or purpose.\n\nThere’s a big difference between writing code that will be used to build a specific product, and code that can be used in many different contexts.\n\nWhen it’s used to solve a specific problem, the code can be simple or complex.\n\nFor example, if you’re building a software system for tracking people in a group, it might be simple to write an object-oriented programming language that tracks group members’ names, addresses, and other attributes.\n\nBut if you wanted to track people’s behavior over time, you would probably write a programming language with support for multiple types of data.\n\nThat would be much more difficult to write.\n\nWhat makes a good code designer?\n\nThe job of a code designer is to understand what people want in their software.\n\nThat means that you need to be able to understand people’s code and the structure of the code that’s written.\n\nYou need to understand how the code is organized and how it relates to the data that it’s supposed to work with.\n\nA good code consultant should understand these things.\n\nAnd they should be able write code that satisfies their clients’ needs.\n\nA code consultant can be a programmer or a software engineer.\n\nBoth roles are essential.\n\nBut as the title says, you need a code expert to write code.\n\nA Code Expert Who Can Write Code is an expert in the field of software development.\n\nAnd that expertise comes from years of experience.\n\nThe code that the developer wrote for you could have been written by someone who has never programmed before.\n\nAnd if you hired someone who had never programmed, you might not have hired a great code consultant.\n\nWhat do you need as a code developer?\n\nYou need a good grasp of programming language and a good understanding of the structure and purpose of the software that’s being built.\n\nYou should also have a good sense of the people that will use your software and the relationships that exist between them.\n\nA lot of people want a programmer who can do a lot of different things.\n\nThat makes sense, because the programming languages that they want to use tend to be very generic.\n\nIf you’re hiring someone to write a software product, you should hire someone who can write a lot more complex software.\n\nA programmer who’s used the same programming language for a long time, for example, might want to write different software.\n\nAnd so you need someone who understands these things and has a good feel for what they need to do.\n\nA strong code consultant’s code should be clear and easy to understand.\n\nIt should also be easy to modify and extend.\n\nCode should be readable and easy for a human to read.\n\nIn addition, it should be well organized.\n\nIf the code looks complex, that’s because it’s written by a professional.\n\nA professional code developer needs to know how to create a structured structure, and he or she can help with code formatting.\n\nYou can also hire a professional code consultant if you want to develop software to meet the needs of your clients.\n\nWhat are the best coding tools for code developers?\n\nThere are a number of tools that you can use to help you write better code.\n\nYou might be familiar with the .NET language, for instance.\n\n.NET has a powerful built-in editor called Visual Studio that is used to create code.\n\nBut it also has other useful features like code review and a code completion tool that helps you track your code.\n\nCode review is useful for finding errors and problems, but it can also help you understand your code and find mistakes that could affect the code’s quality.\n\nYou’ll also want to have a code analyzer, or code analyzers are useful for looking at the structure, meaning, and purpose behind your code, so that you know what the code does and what it’s meant to do and so you can fix it.\n\nCode completion is useful when you’re writing code for your software.\n\nYou may have noticed that the most common code in .NET is the one that you write yourself.\n\nThat is, it’s often a function of the context that you’re working in, which can include code that you wrote in the past.\n\nThat function could be something like: // This code is called in this context and it is being called // by a class called Main, so it will be included in the list of methods // in this class.\n\n// This is a very important section, so if you forget to add this function, the class // will not be able get access to the methods that it needs.\n\nstatic void Main() { var i =\n\nWhat are the top three jobs in the field of professional industrial consulting?\n\n  • July 19, 2021\n\nProfessional Industrial Consultants are a group of highly skilled, highly motivated, and highly skilled professionals who are responsible for managing and providing quality service for clients.\n\nThey provide consulting services in a variety of industries and are responsible to their clients for meeting deadlines and providing a high quality product and service.\n\nIn this article, we’ll be looking at some of the top jobs in this niche.1.\n\nProfessional Industrial Consulting is a highly skilled job titleProfessional Industrial Consultant is a high level job title for those who have specialized knowledge and experience in industrial design, construction, manufacturing, marketing, production, distribution, warehousing, and warehousing/ warehousing services.\n\nProfessional industrial consultants are responsible both to clients and their employees.\n\nThey are the primary representatives for the clients and the employer.\n\nThis job requires a professional degree and some experience in the professional field.\n\nThe top three highest paid jobs in professional industrial consultancy are: 1.\n\nProfessional Construction Engineer Professional Construction Engineers are responsible and responsible for supervising the construction of new and existing structures.\n\nThey work in teams of up to 5 people and are usually responsible for coordinating all the work and supervising all aspects of the project.\n\nThey have experience in designing and constructing structures, construction equipment, plumbing, and electrical.\n\nThe average salary for a professional construction engineer is between $60,000 and $80,000 per year.2.\n\nProfessional Contractor Professional Contractors are responsible of the construction and operation of construction, landscaping, or other related services.\n\nThey may be responsible for the construction, operation, maintenance, and cleaning of any building or facility.\n\nThey generally work in an hourly, seasonal, or hourly/ seasonal position.\n\nThey can earn up to $50,000 a year.\n\nThe most common occupations for a contractor in professional construction are: 3.\n\nProfessional Maintenance Engineer Professional Maintenance Engineers are in charge of maintaining or repairing all of the building, machinery, equipment, or utilities used in a building, including but not limited to electric, gas, water, and sewer systems, plumbing systems, and heating and cooling systems.\n\nThey also work in a professional, part-time or seasonal role.\n\nThe typical salary for the professional maintenance engineer is around $45,000.4.\n\nProfessional Product Developer Professional Product Developers are responsible in developing, developing, and implementing software solutions for a variety the products of a manufacturer.\n\nThey develop, design, build, test, and deploy software solutions.\n\nThe job of a software developer is similar to a developer in other areas of technology.\n\nThe median salary for software developers is around 4,000 to 5,000 dollars per year and the top four highest paid positions in this industry are:5.\n\nProfessional Software Developer Professional Software Developers are the developers responsible for building and maintaining software for a wide variety of software applications.\n\nThey build, maintain, and release software applications for a broad range of clients and organizations.\n\nThey typically work in software development for a large organization or a small business.\n\nThe majority of software developers are male.\n\nThe highest paid software developers in the United States are:6.\n\nProfessional Web Developer Professional Web Developers are in control of the web pages, websites, and application programming interfaces that are created for a website.\n\nThey maintain and improve the site’s content, usability, performance, and security.\n\nThe primary focus of this job is to provide high-quality, user-friendly web pages that people will use and enjoy.\n\nThe overall job involves many interactions with users and developers.\n\nThe work is a challenge in itself.\n\nThe higher the pay, the higher the skill and the higher your skill set, but the higher you will need to be to make it to the top.7.\n\nProfessional Graphic Designer Professional Graphic Designers are the designers, illustrators, and graphic designers who work for organizations that create or manage websites, e-commerce, online video, ebooks, online content, online store, and online store management products.\n\nThey create graphics for products such as products for the Web, eCommerce, and mobile platforms.\n\nThe design and development process for graphic designers is similar, with the major difference being that the graphic designer is responsible for creating and designing graphic designs for a product, rather than for creating it.\n\nThe major difference between a graphic designer and a web designer is that a graphic design is created in-house, while a web design is generated from the Web.\n\nThe industry of graphic designers typically employs some 200 people.\n\nThe minimum salary for graphic designers is around 50,000, with an average of $40,000 salary.8.\n\nProfessional Video Producer Professional Video Producers are in the business of producing high-definition, high-speed video for television, video games, or movies.\n\nThey usually work in video production studios.\n\nThe main focus of a video producer is to create high-resolution, professional video.\n\nThe more skilled video producers are often the ones who create the content and the quality of the content.\n\nThe salary for video producers is between 1.5 to\n\nWhy your business may not have the right people to succeed in the global tech world\n\n  • July 11, 2021\n\nA former Google employee and his business partner are launching a consulting firm in downtown Washington, D.C. The startup will focus on the local needs of tech companies and their employees.\n\nIn addition, the two will be involved in building a new headquarters and a business incubator, which will also be housed in the former Google building.\n\nIn the meantime, the former company executive, John Eichler, is going to start a consulting business in the District.\n\nEichlers work experience includes leading Google’s global product and product management teams.\n\nHe is also the CEO of an investment firm that specializes in the tech industry, which is why he is so interested in starting a new company.\n\n“I think there’s an opportunity to leverage the power of technology, and technology’s going to help the world, but we’re going to have to work together,” he said.\n\nErichler is also looking for a new director for his new firm, which he plans to launch in a couple of weeks.\n\n“We’re really hoping that our business and the company we’re working for will grow and thrive as the tech world changes,” he added.\n\nEchlers startup has a similar concept to one that has been running in Silicon Valley, and the former executive has already launched a couple other startups.\n\n“Our focus is on building the best product for the best customers, and I think the city’s great,” he explained.\n\nThe two founders, who met when they worked in the same tech industry recruiting firm, are planning to create a consulting group that will have a team of experts in the area of technology and the local tech industry.\n\nTheir goal is to offer solutions to problems that have been reported and solved in the local space.\n\nThey plan to work closely with local tech leaders and local tech companies.\n\nE.L.H. has a degree in business administration and finance and is currently working in technology for an investment bank.\n\nHe currently has a full-time position at a large technology company and is looking for more work.\n\n“The city’s going through a real transition, and as a result, people are being displaced from their homes and have to move from place to place,” he told The Washington Times.\n\n“There are a lot of people out there who don’t want to be relocated, so there’s a lot to learn from these startups, and they’re offering a lot.”\n\n“I’m really looking forward to working with these guys to help us take the business of tech and turn it into something we can be proud of and be proud to call our own.”\n\nEichers company will also focus on developing a “salesforce” brand, which means it will be focused on helping tech companies sell their products and services in a way that they will appeal to the local market.\n\nEichenler said that he is also going to take the lead in developing a new website that will be designed to attract the interest of local businesses.\n\n“When I started working with Google, it was like I was a newbie, and we were just starting out,” he recalled.\n\n“After we launched our first company, we decided that we wanted to focus on bringing new technology and expertise to the District and help bring some of that expertise back to the community.”\n\nEchler said he will use the capital raised from his new venture to hire local talent to work on his new website.\n\nEICHERS COMPANY HOSTED IN THE CORNER “We have two employees and we have about five to six different clients in the company,” he noted.\n\nEuchler said they have a lot more potential clients and are still developing their business.\n\n“This is a startup company, so I want to hire as many local people as possible.\n\nWe’re really excited to work with these local people and get the most out of them,” he concluded.\n\n“But we’re also really excited about the city and the people who live and work here.\n\nI think we’re in the right place.”\n\nHow to Find Your Job Without Looking at a Career Guide\n\n  • July 2, 2021\n\nThe job search process is a complicated, often chaotic, and expensive process that can leave you feeling lost.\n\nHere’s how to find your career in less than an hour.\n\n(Disclaimer: This is an excerpt from my new book, Getting Things Done, available on Amazon.)\n\n\nFind Your Path You’ll find your path in the world of jobs, which is a list of the jobs that have a job opening.\n\nThis list will give you the best opportunities to land a job, so you can focus on your specific career.\n\nTo make sure you’re on the right path, you should start with your career goals and work toward those.\n\nIf you’re not sure what you want to do, you can search for jobs in your area.\n\nYou can also read a few job descriptions online, to get an idea of what’s out there.\n\n\nMake an Offer You may be looking for a specific job or a job at a specific company.\n\nYou’ll want to be prepared to offer a salary.\n\nThis is a way to make sure that you can make the best decision about the offer.\n\nA salary of $50,000 or more is ideal, but not required.\n\nYou should also be willing to work part-time to make ends meet.\n\nThis can help you earn a little extra money, but it also means that you may not be able to make a big salary at all.\n\n\nChoose a Company You’ll be looking to work in a large organization, and you’ll want the company to offer something other than an office job.\n\nIf it’s not in your field, you’ll need to choose a different company.\n\nMany companies will offer flexible hours and perks.\n\nYou might even get a raise if you can work longer hours.\n\nSome companies offer more flexible hours, such as paid vacation.\n\n\nNegotiate a Payroll A salary is not the only consideration.\n\nYou also want to consider the time and work required to work as a part-timer.\n\nYou may need to work nights, weekends, or even holidays to make up for the hours you take off.\n\nSome employers will offer more generous hours, so this may help you get a bigger pay cut.\n\n\nPick Your Company’s Culture You can’t just go to work.\n\nIt takes a commitment, dedication, and a lot of hard work.\n\nMany employers will reward employees for good work, so it’s important to know what you can expect at the office.\n\nMany businesses also have an extensive network of professionals, so there’s a chance you might have a mentor or coworker.\n\nThis makes finding a job easier.\n\nYou could also try talking to the person next door or even the person in charge.\n\nYou won’t always be able the same job or position, so ask your supervisor for advice.\n\n\nGet Started Making the Case For You This might seem a little overwhelming, but once you understand how it works, it can be really easy.\n\nHere are some key points: • You can get a job in just five days by signing up for a job search.\n\n• Your resume is a great way to get hired.\n\n• You don’t have to be a good candidate to get a good job.\n\n• It’s easier to find a job if you know what the job market looks like.\n\n\nPaying Attention to Your Priorities There are some jobs that are more attractive to people with higher IQs, such, managers, engineers, lawyers, and even scientists.\n\nIt’s important that you understand the areas of your life that are most important to you, and that you have a plan for how you can improve your life.\n\nIt could mean looking at how to make money and making sure that your career has a sustainable future.\n\nYou shouldn’t forget that this job search is an opportunity to build your personal portfolio, which can be useful when you’re looking for an interview.\n\nYou don,t have to start off with a perfect resume.\n\nYou’re just starting your career, and it can take a while to build a resume.\n\n\nReview the Job Market Your search for a new job could take anywhere from two to four weeks.\n\nYour best bet is to pay attention to your resume and your interview experience.\n\nIf the job you’re interviewing for doesn’t interest you, you could try a different job.\n\nBut don’t forget to pay close attention to how much you can negotiate and the amount of compensation you’re getting.\n\n\nPick the Job You’re Interested in Your future career can take years.\n\nSo it’s critical that you make a plan to find out what’s important for you right now.\n\nYou need to decide whether you want a career that lasts a few years or you want something that lasts decades.\n\nHere is what you should look for in your next job search: • Experience and Skills • Skills in the field • Interest in the job • Job titles and titles that will help you land the job.\n\n\nPrepare Yourself to Apply The first thing you should do is get ready.\n\nIf your resume doesn’t match what you’re\n\nSponsored By\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7178915739059448}
+{"content": "Can I Hand In My Notice Early?\n\nShould I hand in my notice before signing contract?\n\nWhen should I resign.\n\nBefore resigning, wait until you have received your new job offer in writing or by email.\n\nOnly ever resign once your official contract has been signed.\n\nHand your notice in as soon as you can once your new position is confirmed..\n\nCan you hand your notice in during furlough?\n\nThere are no restrictions on giving a furloughed employee notice of dismissal.\n\nDo I resign first or accept offer first?\n\nThe golden rule for resigning to take up post in a new job is not to resign until you have a written job offer in your hand, which includes a start date and details the salary and all the pertinent benefits and perks. If possible, don’t resign until you have a company signed employment contract.\n\nWhat is the best way to hand in your notice?\n\n\nDo you legally have to work your notice?\n\n\nAt what point do you hand in your notice?\n\nThe best time to hand in your notice is when you have your formal offer in writing and when you know your manager will be available to talk. It is best to hand your notice to your manager in person if this is possible. They will appreciate it much more than an email or a letter left on their desk.\n\nCan I hand my notice in and leave straight away?\n\nNormally, your notice period will be set out in your employment contract. … If your employment contract doesn’t state what your notice period is, you should give at least one week’s notice before you leave your role. You should announce your resignation in writing, such as in an email or letter.\n\nDo you accept offer before resigning?\n\nNever accept a counter-offer before you have considered it properly and deemed it be the right decision for your long-term career. While counter-offers can be tempting, it is important they address the reasons for your resignation. If they don’t, you’ll likely find yourself hunting for another job in six to 12 months.\n\nHow do I tell my boss I quit nicely?\n\n\nHow do I quit my job if I love my boss?\n\n\nWhat is the difference between handing in your notice and resigning?\n\nResigning or handing in your notice You can resign verbally, but resigning in writing is more formal and creates a record of your resignation. Your employment contract will usually explain how you should resign.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9955912828445435}
+{"content": "Quick Answer: How Do I Know My Adidas Sock Size?\n\nShould socks be tight or loose?\n\nSocks, like shoes, are sized to the foot and improper fit can lead to blisters.\n\nAvoid overly tight or loose fit socks.\n\nIll fit socks which are too tight may bind the toes, while socks which fit too loose can lead to harmful wrinkles, capable of pinching the skin and causing blisters..\n\nWhat is a size medium in socks?\n\nthe SMALL size fits the average ladies’ foot, or a men’s small foot; the MEDIUM size fits the average men’s foot, or a ladies’ large foot; and.\n\nHow do kids shoe sizes work?\n\nKids’ Shoe Sizes by the Numbers Important: These shoes are often marked with “T” for toddler up to size 7 (e.g., 4T, 5T, 6T, 7T). Sizes 8–13 are typically marked with “Kids” (e.g., 8 Kids, 9 Kids, 10 Kids, etc.). Bigger kids’ sizes run from 1–7 (or up to 6 with some brands): Here’s where lots of parents get tripped up.\n\nHow do you fit socks?\n\nFind Socks that Fit You The circumference of your socks should be about one inch smaller than the measurement around the ball of your foot. From heel to toe, your socks should be about one inch shorter than the length of your foot.\n\nWhat age is sock size 9 12?\n\nSock Size conversion ChartAge of ChildShoe SizeSock Size1-2 years3-75-6.51.5-4 years6-116-7.53-7 years9-17-8.55-10 years12-6 (youth)8-9.53 more rows\n\nHow do I measure my Adidas shoe size?\n\nAdidas shoe size chart….How to Measure Your Feet for Adidas ShoesSet a piece of paper on the ground against the wall.Stand on it, making sure that your heel is touching the wall.Draw around your foot with a pen or pencil.Mark the end of the longest toe—it might not necessarily be the big toe.More items…•\n\nWhat are sock sizes?\n\nSize and CareSock SizeUS Men’s Shoe SizeUS Women’s Shoe SizeSmall4-6.5Medium6-8.57-9.5Large9-1210-13X-Large12.5-15.5\n\nWhat are youth sock sizes?\n\n\nWhat size is medium in Nike socks?\n\n5-8Nike men’s and unisex socksNike Sock Size GuideSmall2-5Medium5-8Large8-11XL11-14.52 more rows\n\nAre bombas socks true to size?\n\nBombas will shrink ever so slightly the first time you wash them and then fit perfectly, forever after that. We do know that fit always comes down to personal preference which is why we have a 100% Happiness Guarantee. Happiness is their middle name. …\n\nAre Adidas clothes Small fitting?\n\nAdidas is generally fairly close to true sizing, so you probably don’t have to worry much about making special orders. If they are going to be off-size, they are more likely to run a bit large – maybe half a size. … Adidas has a full sizing guide for their shoes and other gear available here.\n\nWhat are Adidas sock sizes?\n\nSize ChartSock SizeFits Shoe SizeS7-8.59-1M8-9.513-4L9-113-9\n\nIs your sock size the same as your shoe size?\n\nIn the US, a numerical sock size is essentially how long your foot is in inches. This means that a sock size labeled 9-11 is often not a shoe size, but rather how long your foot is in inches. For example, a women’s size 7 shoe is about 9 5/16 inches, so it would fit that size sock no problem.\n\nWhat size is Xs in Adidas?\n\nMen’s Adidas Clothing Size ChartXSSSports Sizing23-4Size2830-32Chest31-33″34-37″Waist27-29″30-32″1 more row\n\nHow do you figure out what size a shoe is?\n\nMeasure the length and width of your foot. Using your ruler, measure the inches between the two parallel lines on either side of your foot: top to bottom and side to side. … Subtract 3/16 of an inch from each number. … Using the chart below, find your true shoe size based on the length of your foot.Find the right width.\n\nAre Adidas small fitting?\n\n\nWhat is adidas size chart?\n\nAdidas Shoes Size ChartUS Men’sUKUS Women’s6.567.576.587.578.587.5919 more rows\n\nHow do you know your sock size?\n\nYour sock size is how long your foot is in inches. To be accurate, imagine your foot contained by an invisible box from the back of your heel to the tip of your longest toe. And that’s why a sock like the Loving Horses Crew, which is sock size 9-11, fits US women’s shoe sizes 6 – 10 the best.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8120692372322083}
+{"content": "Medical Issues\n\nGuess Who Has Lyme Disease?\n\nGuess Who Has Lyme Disease?\n\nGuess who has Lyme disease:  Hereditary??\n\nHey!  Guess Who Has Lyme Disease?  By definition, the word hereditary means determined by genetic factors.\n\nSimply put, it can be passed down from generation to generation because Lyme is not properly diagnosed (or misdiagnosed) or treated promptly\n\nLyme disease and co-infections are a generation to generational gift.\n\n\nAlthough I’ve never been sick like Callie was I know I am a carrier of this little gem because she had it.\n\nA tick can carry Lyme disease.\n\nHowever, Lyme is likely to be congenital.\n\nEver notice that people in your families have similar health issues?  Do you ever wonder why or just think that you are next in line for XY or Z?\n\nIt doesn’t matter that you have had a negative test for Lyme.\n\nCallie had three negative tests.  The discouragement is real.  Also, the weird and random symptoms were real.  Fighting, going against the grain of society, and then seeking out alternative methods to healing is the key.  I’m not saying that modern medicine is not something you need.  It is.  What I’m saying is sometimes you need more.\n\nFor more information on hereditary Lyme Disease, please head over to GARD Website.\n\n\nLet's Talk!\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5252459645271301}
+{"content": "Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications\n\nAn Open Access International Journal\n\n\nBioscience Biotechnology Research Communications\n\nAn Open Access International Journal\n\nAshis K Panigrahi,*1,2 Avijit Bakshi1 and Subhasini Pattanayak3\n\n1Ecotoxicology, Fisheries and Aquaculture Extension Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India.\n\n2The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India.\n\n3Retired Professor, Department of Zoology, Berhampur University, Bhanjabihar, Berhampur, Odisha India.\n\nCorresponding author email: panigrahi.ashis@gmail.com\n\nArticle Publishing History\n\nReceived: 08/12/2020\n\nAccepted After Revision: 21/03/2021\n\n\nAn alarming threat for environment, pollution is undoubtedly posing different adverse impacts on the living organisms. Aquatic environment is not the expectation. Among all the sources of aquatic pollution, heavy metal induced hazards better have been found to be most important for both freshwater and marine ecosystems. Heavy metals can prove to be deleterious for aquatic organism when exposed for short term (acute) as well as long term (chronic) period. Fishes are best known model for determining the degree of aquatic pollution. Thus, it is very essential to find a consolidated research article describing the accumulation pathway of heavy metals in freshwater fishes. In this review, attempts have been made to compile all the available scientific data related to the uptake and accumulation of different heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cu, Cr and Pb) and the general histopathological changes due to chronic exposure to sublethal concentrations. Data obtained from the previous researches are meticulously chosen in order to avoid ambiguous presentation here. The focal objective of the scientific review is to offer an imminent guideline for the students, scientific community, and public officials involved in environmental health risk assessment and management ensuring a better future environmental condition. During the review process, we have found out that entry routes of different heavy metal is mainly GI tract, gill and/or skin. Most of the heavy metal may be present in more than one form and have specific way of accumulation in tissues. This review also provides the accumulated data of heavy metal contamination in Indian rivers, factors related to metal uptake in fishes and scientific information about the source and bioaccumulation of selected heavy metals.\n\n\nHeavy Metals, Freshwater Fish, Uptake, Bioaccumulation, Histopathology\n\nDownload this article as:\n\nCopy the following to cite this article:\n\nPanigrahi A. K, Bakshi A, Pattanayak S. A Comprehensive Review on the Uptake by and Accumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Fresh Water Fishes. Biosc.Biotech.Res.Comm. 2021;14(1).\n\nCopy the following to cite this URL:\n\nPanigrahi A. K, Bakshi A, Pattanayak S. A Comprehensive Review on the Uptake by and Accumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Fresh Water Fishes. Biosc.Biotech.Res.Comm. 2021;14(1). Available from: <a href=”https://bit.ly/3enems3″>https://bit.ly/3enems3</a>\n\n\nNowadays, pollution, especially in aquatic ecosystem, due to the contamination of heavy metal becomes a significant issue of concern to the researchers of environmental sciences. It is evident that wide spreading of industries, rapid urbanization and population explosion impose deleterious impact on the hydro-biological quality of both lentic and lotic ecosystems viz., ponds, lakes, and rivers. The consequences become more critical because the small and large-scale industries frequently discharge their wastes containing different heavy metallic contaminants directly into the environment which often go beyond the permissible limit of the environment (Velma et al., 2009; Praveena et al., 2013). In spite of the development in waste management technologies, the difficulties due to heavy metal release are continuously putting immense adverse effect on the biolife of aquatic ecosystems (Bakshi and Panigrahi, 2018). Especially class- B or lithophilic metals are considered to be more deleterious to the ecosystem and fundamental group of aquatic pollutants because of the long persisting nature (or longer half-life), mechanism of bioaccumulation, process of biomagnification and non-biodegradability. Another important reason behind the consideration is their potency to destroy the framework of species diversity in any ecosystem (Vutukuru et al., 2007; Lodhi et al., 2007; Saha and Zamman, 2011; Ahmed et al., 2014).\n\nThus, entering into the food chain heavy metals often show high toxicity even in minimum concentration providing cumulative injurious effects in an aquatic system (Velma et al., 2009; Velma and Tchounwou, 2009). Heavy metals are thus considered to put ecological, evolutionary, nutritional and environmental impact on the ecosystem (Jaishankar et al., 2014). In the recent days, fresh water ecosystems are mostly polluted by waste waters released from different industries and municipalities. The most frequently available heavy metals in the waste water are Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium and Mercury (Bakshi, 2016; Mehana et al., 2020).  The main objective of the review is to provide insight of the uptake and accumulation of some heavy metals like lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium and mercury in fresh water fishes. Accumulation rate of heavy metals is very specific in different fishes (Khan et al, 2020). In this review we have only tried to consolidate the data related to heavy metal accumulation in fresh water fishes though further studies can be done on the heavy metal accumulation in estuarine or marine fishes (Khan et al, 2020).\n\n\nAn attempt is made to produce an utmost consolidated manuscript on this topic. In order to make the manuscript more comprehensive and relevant for the future study, extensive review has been done compiling and consolidating the maximum number of available scientific data. All data has been collected, from science journals of repute, published reports (particularly from international agencies) and doctoral or postdoctoral theses. Priority has been paid to the reproducible articles which are indexed in science journal database like Copernicus, Scopus, PubMed etc. The scientific articles highlighting ambiguous working methodologies are avoided carefully. Key words have been meticulously selected and searched based on systematic scientific approaches. Our own experimental findings (both laboratory and field) have been encompassed at various parts of the manuscript to improve the essence of the article.\n\nHeavy metal concentration in fresh water: Most of the heavy metals are available in natural water in the form of soluble and/or in particulate form. Water soluble forms of heavy metals are found in labile or non-labile fractions (Jezierska and Witeska, 2001). Labile metallic forms are most detrimental to the aquatic organisms, especially fishes. Aquatic ecosystem contains not only the heavy metals but also the essential metals (both major and trace metals). In aquatic environment, trace metals are present in very low amount affecting fresh water fishes detectable in minimum. Amount of metal concentration in fresh water ecosystem is continuously increasing directly through atmospheric deposition and waste water contamination or indirectly through rising solubilisation followed by mobilization from sediments. EPA and BIS recommended permissible limit of various metals in water are often crossed in some rivers in India (EPA,1972; BIS 10500,2012). Central Water Commission conducts surveys to estimate the concentration of the heavy metals in the Indian river waters (Table 1) (CWC, 2014; CWC, 2018).\n\nTable 1. Status of heavy metals concentration in Indian Rivers (CWC, 2014; CWC, 2018; BIS 10500,2012; EPA, 1972)\n\nMetal Chemical symbol Sources Maximum permissible concentration (µg/ l) Number of the rivers in India with metal concentration beyond permissible limit\n2014 2018\nEPA BIS Rivers Maximum Observed Conc. (µg/ l) Rivers Maximum Observed Conc. (µg/ l)\nArsenic As Pesticide industries, mining, Chemical industries 50 10 0 9.47 0 9.53\nCadmium Cd Cd-NI batteries, Nuclear reactors, Television phosphor 10 3 4 4.0 25 70.51\nChromium Cr Dyeing, Mines, Electroplating 50 50 11 366.91 21 450.26\nCopper Cu Electroplating, Pesticide industries 1000 50 68 180.70 10 314.93\nLead Pb Paint, Pesticide, Batteries, Crystal glass industries 5 10 30 48.92 69 374.58\nMercury Hg Mining, Pesticide industries. 2 (1.44) 1 0 <1\n\nCentral Water Commission report, 2018 shows that forty-two rivers of India have been found to be polluted due to receive of neurotoxic heavy metals. The report also describes that river Ganga is highly contaminated by chromium, copper, lead, iron and nickel due to receive of run-off mostly from milling, plating, mining and surface finishing industries. Report shows that Cadmium contamination in Indian rivers has increased during the last four years. In the rivers of Godavari basin, most of the rivers contain cadmium, chromium, arsenic, nickel and zinc within the acceptable or permissible limit of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS 10500, 2012) (CWC, 2018).\n\nEnvironmental factors affecting metal uptake and accumulation in fish: Fishes in the heavy metal contaminated aquatic system must accumulate the metals in their tissues. The rate of accumulation solely depends on the concentration of the metal, method of uptake and time of exposure. Some extrinsic factors and some intrinsic factors are also important parameters which determine the rate of accumulation (Jezierska and Witeska, 2001).\n\nThe environmental factors like water temperature, hydrogen ion concentration, hardness etc. influence the uptake, accumulation and depuration of metals in fish. Water temperature is a key environmental factor that influence metal uptake, accumulation and depuration (Jezierska and Witeska, 2001). Metal accumulation in fishes is also related with some biological or intrinsic factors like age, size, feeding habits. Except mercury, other heavy metals have shown an inverse relation with age and size (Jezierska and Witeska, 2006). Accumulated metals show different tissue affinity but most of them accumulate especially in gill, liver and kidney. Very small number of metals is found to be accumulated in muscles in most of the fishes. Except mercury, other heavy metals have shown an inverse relation with age and size (Jezierska and Witeska, 2001; Jezierska and Witeska, 2006).\n\nUptake and accumulation dynamics of different metals in fish: In recent days, pollution (especially water pollution) due to heavy metal contamination has undoubtedly grow into a great issue of concern to the environmental scientists. Extensive industrialization, exploitation and rapid increase of urban communities have measurably forced adversative impact on the hydrobiological quality of lakes, ponds and rivers all over the world (Praveena et al., 2013). Heavy metals especially cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr) and Lead (Pb) are found to be highly available in Indian rivers. Though, contamination of detectable arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) is not found to be reported in any river of India. In this review, an attempt has been made to focus on the various environmental forms of the heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cu, Cr and Pb), method of uptake, accumulation and dynamics in the fish body (Praveena et al., 2013).\n\nArsenic: Arsenic is one of the harmful heavy metals (metalloid) in the aquatic bioloife. It has a metalloid property and is predominantly available in the form of oxides (arsenate and arsenite) or sulfides or as a salt of sodium, iron, copper, calcium, etc. (Singh et al., 2007). Excessive use of arsenical pesticides, industrial activities, mining operations and chemical laboratory exhaustion has led to the global occurrence of water-soluble arsenic concentration above the permissible limit (Table 1). Water soluble inorganic arsenic (iAS) are converted to methylated arsenical forms i.e., monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) through enzymatic activities in organism body. These arsenical forms are main end metabolites and biomarker of the long-term arsenic exposure (Jaishankar et al., 2014; Kumari et al., 2016). Arsenic exposure may be waterborne and diet-borne. So, main routes of entry are gill and GI tract. Waterborne arsenic after taking entry through gill significantly accumulated in gill, liver and intestine and manipulates growth of the fish (Tsai and Liao, 2006; Han et al., 2019).\n\nInorganic arsenic (iAs) may be present in two forms i.e., iAs(III) and iAs(V).  According to Kumari et al., (2016), after entry of iAs (V), it converts into iAs(III). Then iAs (III) changes into MMA(V) coupled with SAM –SAH conversion (SAM: S-adenosylmethionine; SAH: S-adenosylhomocysteine). After that MMA(V) transforms into most toxic and accumulating form MMA (III) through reduction reaction by the action of MMA(V) reductase or GSTO 1 (glutathione S-transferase omega 1). MMA (III) can also be converted into DMA coupled with a SAM –SAH conversion (SAM: S-adenosylmethionine; SAH: S-adenosylhomocysteine). Most of the bio-transformation reactions are taken place in liver (Fig 1) (Han et al., 2019).\n\nFigure 1: Biotransformation of arsenic compound (Source: Modified from Kumari et al., 2016).\n\nWhen arsenical compounds enter through the dietary route, it basically accumulates into digestive tract. From GI tract it goes to Liver where most of the biotransformation takes place. Then it deposited into the other organs or tissues of the body viz., brain gonads, muscles either directly or via gill circulation and get accumulated (Tsai et al., 2012). Elimination of little amount of metal is also observed through feces during depuration experiments (Kumari et al., 2016). Water dissolved arsenical compounds can also enter through gills and can be deposited directly into the brain, kidney, gonads and other tissue through speciation. Dietary uptake shows accumulation in the digestive tract till the end of exposure but the concentration gradually decreases during depuration. Though several researches are there but, in most cases, liver is said to be the highest accumulator organ of the metal (Kumari et al., 2016; Han et al., 2019).\n\nCadmium: Being completely non-essential to all the organisms, cadmium, is considered as a highly toxic heavy metal. With the increase of industrialization, deposition of cadmium in fresh water bodies (lakes, rivers etc.) becomes a major issue of concern to the environmentalists. Cadmium related contamination in the aquatic organism has been reported to be increased in last decade with a high degree of its accumulating property (Okocha and Adedeji, 2011).  According to ATSDR (1999) report, the main sources of cadmium in the environment is anthropogenic (90%) and very low amount of cadmium is contributed by natural activities (viz., volcanic eruption, decaying of vegetables, forest fire etc.). Anthropogenic activities like agricultural uses, electroplating, mining, industrialization etc.\n\nare main contributors of the cadmium into the environment (Table 1). Aquatic organism like fish can readily uptake cadmium in its ionic form (Cd II) through the gills (AMAP, 1998; AMAP, 2002). The ions are usually absorbed through carrier mediated transport or passive diffusion over the chloride cells of the gills. It has been reported by many researchers that cadmium enters into the cell through calcium ion channels and interacts with the cytoplasmic components like metabolic enzymes and metallothioneine (Rodriguez et al., 2015). It is believed that high affinity of Cd2+ ion for Ca2+ binding site in the gill facilitates its entry through the apical side of the chloride cells (Okocha and Adedeji, 2011).\n\nCadmium can also bind with the active site of Ca2+– ATPases present on the basolateral side of the chloride cell facilitating the translocation of ionic cadmium into the blood circulation (Okocha and Adedeji, 2011). Another route of cadmium entry is through dietary ingestion when cadmium is associated with organic material. Then the ions are absorbed by endocytosis through intestine Cadmium is highly accumulated in liver and kidney causing various deletorious pathological changes (Sumet and Blust, 2001). Cadmium is found to be present in maximum concentration in the kidney of the fishes posing various degree of renal damage (Kumar et al., 2009; Vesey, 2010). A very little amount of cadmium is found to be liberated out through feces (from intestine) and bile (from liver) secretion at the time of depuration (Okocha and Adedeji, 2011).\n\nAfter renal damage cadmium can also be liberated from kidney of the fishes (Kumar et al., 2009; Vesey, 2010). Gills are said to be the storehouse of the cadmium showing high degree of morphological and biochemical changes after chronic exposure. The prime target of cadmium ion is chloride cells of the gill where it competes with calcium ion for the entry into the cell resulting hypocalcemia in fish (Wong and Wong, 2000). Several workers have reported that cadmium is highly toxic in both acute and chronic exposure causing nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, lamellar degeneration and hypocalcemia in fish which also put some deleterious impact on the human life though food chain (Okocha and Adedeji, 2011; Khan et al., 2020).\n\nChromium: Chromium is present in three oxidation states viz., Cr2+, Cr3+, Cr6+, among which divalent Chromium is most unsteady. Only, the Cr3+ and the Cr6+ are the stable chemical state of Chromium available in the environment. Being one of the most common ubiquitous pollutants in the aquatic medium, Chromium and its particulates get contaminated into the aquatic medium through effluents discharged from various industries like electroplating workshops, printing-photographic, tanneries, textiles, ore mining, dyeing, and medical industries (Bakshi and Panigrahi, 2018). Among all the oxidation state, hexavalent chromium can be considered as the most toxic form because it can readily pass the cellular bio-membranes and then reduced to trivalent form.\n\nThen, trivalent chromium reacts with different cellular molecules, and ultimately exposes the mutagenic and toxic properties of chromium industries (Bakshi and Panigrahi, 2018). Chromium enters into fish body either through gastro-intestinal tract and/or respiratory tract (Bakshi, 2016). The amount of the metal inside the fish varies with the form of available chromium time of exposure and its concentration (Mallesh et al., 2015). Bakshi and Panigrahi (2018) reported that chromium (VI) gets associated with the plasma protein and encompasses in transportation after penetrating the plasma membrane through sulphate ion channel. After that, the metal biologically gets accumulated in various internal organs of fish. The general pattern of distribution of Cr6+ in fishes is as follows: Gills> Liver> Skin> Muscles (Jaishankar et., al., 2014; Bakshi, 2016).\n\nAfter getting entry through passages for isoelectric and isostructural anions (such as SO42- and HPO42-) of cell membrane, the hexavalent chromium undergoes metabolic reduction within the cell. During these metabolic reactions, different reactive intermediates are released which are reported to be detrimental to ensuring the stability of DNA helix, causing fatal effects in the affected individual (Wang et al., 1997; Jaishankar et., al., 2014). The same authors have also reported that migration of various intermediate chromium metabolites to nuclei and interaction with DNA are evident during this process causing the final negative effect (Vutukuru, 2005; Velma et al., 2009).\n\nThe primary storage and detoxification site for chromium is said to be liver in experimental condition. Higher concentration of metals is evident in bile of the experimental organism (Clarias batrachus) being exposed to metal contaminated food and environment (Bakshi, 2016; Bakshi and Panigrahi, 2018). It is reported that this storage is stabilized mainly by protein linkage or small peptide linkage such as glutathione linkage. In case of fishes the main elimination route of chromium or its compounds is through feces (Bakshi, 2016; Bakshi and Panigrahi, 2018).\n\nLead: Lead is considered to be a toxic metal which do not have any importance in the physiological processes of any living organisms. The metal is highly toxic in aquatic environment as it easily accumulates in fish tissues like gill, liver, kidney, bones and scales. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier causing neurotoxicity in fish (Rabitto et al., 2005; Ju-Wook et. al., 2019). Lead has now becoming a ubiquitous metal with various source in the environment. The sources are mainly of industrial, agricultural and domestic origin.\n\nGasoline and house paints also contribute lead in the environment, furthermore, lead bullets, plumbing pipes, storage batteries, pewter pitchers, faucets and toys are also helping in lead contamination (Sharma and Agarwal, 2005; Jaishankar et al., 2014). Automobile exhaust and smoking also contaminate lead into the air. Lead can enter through the gill, altering the morphological character of gill when gets attached to the mucus (Mobarak and Sharaf, 2011). Then it enters into the blood stream and accumulates in liver. Liver is the main organ for detoxification in fish. The metal can enter also through gastrointestinal pathway if lead contaminated diet is consumed or through skin (Łuszczek-Trojnar et al., 2013; Ju-Wook et. al., 2019).\n\nThe divalent lead can compete with the divalent calcium ion for entry through the gills (Ju-Wook et al., 2019). After getting entry through the metal traverses the basal membrane and enters into the blood flow from where it readily accumulates in liver. Dietary entry of lead also leads to the accumulation in liver though very little amount of the metal is defecated out. Then the metal accumulated into the kidney, it makes a huge damage to the organ. As the metal can cross blood brain barrier, it shows high degree of neurological damage. Several researchers reported about the acculamation of this metal into bones and scales also (Rabitto et al., 2005; Ju-Wook et. al., 2019). Several researchers have confirmed that lead can be bioacumulated in different tissues of the fish and can also be biomagnified with the food chain (Shaukat et al., 2018; Ju-Wook et al., 2019; Khan et al., 2020). Apart from the defecation very small amount of lead have been found to be eliminated out through bones and scales during depuration (Łuszczek-Trojnar et al., 2013; Ju-Wook et al., 2019).\n\nMercury: Mercury, a highly toxic and non-essential metal, also termed as quicksilver, is prevalent in the environment as a result of natural and anthropogenic activities. Exposure of mercury is considered to be the second highest cause of toxic metal poisoning.  Best known accident related to mercury pollution is Minamata disaster of Japan (Vasanthi et al., 2019).\n\nMercury is present in three states with different metabolic fate: mercury vapour or metallic mercury or elemental mercury (Hg0), mercury salts or inorganic mercury (including mercurous chloride or Hg2cl2, mercuric chloride or HgCl2 and mercuric sulfide or HgS) and organic mercury (methyl mercury, ethyl mercury, phenyl mercury and alkyl mercury). There are some natural sources of mercury pollution like elemental mercury vapour from volcanoes and forest-fire, inorganic mercury by rock weathering etc. (Martinez-Finley and Aschner, 2014; Raihan et al., 2020). But after industrial revolution, source of mercury in the environment is mainly anthropogenic (Rice et. al., 2014). viz., gold mining, fossil fuel combustion, paper and pulp industries, electronic wastes, medical wastes, electroplating, metal industries, pharmaceutical industries etc.\n\nIn fishes, mercury can be taken up through gills, skin or digestive tract (Sweet and Zelikoff, 2001; Morcillo et al., 2017). Metallic mercury or mercury vapour (Hg0) can be oxidized into water soluble inorganic mercury (Hg2+) which is basically taken up by the fishes or can be reduced back to metallic mercury (Hg0) (Tokar et al., 2015). Metallic mercury often can be converted into organic mercury (Methyl mercury or phenyl mercury) by microorganisms (Rodriguez et al., 2015). Toxicity of mercury depends upon the state of mercury, environmental media, conditions, age and life history of the specimen and sensitivity of the organism. Organic form of mercury is most toxic to the aquatic organisms as it can be biomagnified through food chain (Fig 2) (Vasanthi et al., 2019).\n\nFigure 2: Forms of mercury in environment.\n\nMercury uptake can be energy-dependent or passive depending on state of mercury (Aschner et al., 2010). Water soluble inorganic mercury (Hg2+) or mercury in mercuric or mercurus salt can be absorbed (15%) through digestive tract whereas, methyl mercury absorption is 90-95% in food. Most of the methyl mercury is found in the muscles (80-100%). Mercury can be absorbed through gills, gastrointestinal tract and very little amount through skin. The inorganic Hg can cross the epithelia and bound with plasma proteins and transported to different organs via systemic circulation (Aschner et al., 2010; Rodriguez et al., 2015).\n\nIn Rainbow trout (Oreochromis mykiss) major part of whole blood methyl mercury (90%) efficiently binds with beta chain of haemoglobin of RBC (Jasim et al., 2016). Due to the lipophilic property of methylmercury, it can easily pass the gut cell membrane and enters into the cell. Then methyl mercury can bind reversibly to sulphur containing amino acid (Cysteine). Therefore, cellular molecules like glutathione (GSH) can easily bind with methyl mercury (Morcillo et al., 2017). The cysteine bound form facilitates its transport to sensitive tissues like brain by an L-neutral amino acid transport system.\n\nIn the digestive tract, methyl mercury is absorbed and transported to blood plasma and started to distributed in different tissue. Jasim et al., (2016) reported that liver accumulate more amount of mercury than gill and muscles (liver> gills> muscles) in Oreochromis niloticus. Methyl mercury can readily bind to metalloproteins and metallothioneines. About 10% of total ingested methyl mercury entrapped into central Nervous system (CNS) as it can pass blood brain barrier and the rest is transported to liver and kidney, from where it is excreted through urine or bile (Rodriguez et al., 2015). It is also proved that not only methyl mercury but also total mercury amount also put some deleterious impact on freshwater fishes (Subhavana et al., 2020).\n\nCopper: Copper is an essential trace element for the living organisms. This is very much necessary for completing the metabolic reaction for growth of any organism. Copper is particularly important in activating cuproenzymes that catalyses many important metabolic reactions of living organisms. However, this element may be converted to hazardous substance if exposed beyond its permissible limit (50 ppm.) for long time. Extensive use of copper in agriculture, and industries like textile, tanneries, paints, battery, laundry, photographic studio, copper ware manufacturer, pipe making industries introduce the copper in high amount in the environment, becoming the principal source of contamination (Table 1).\n\nCopper is essential element for living organisms for its involvement in many biological processes like oxidative phosphorylation, gene regulation and also acts as cofactor for enzymes but the metal becomes toxic when it exceeds its tolerance level in the surrounding aquatic medium. The main route of entry is through gill and dietary uptake whereas a very little amount of the metal can be taken up through skin (Padrilah et al., 2018). After entry copper bind to the plasma proteins and carried to different organs of the fish. Particularly, copper becomes toxic when an excessive amount of copper entered into the cell and binds to the cellular proteins and nucleic acid altering the natural metabolic reactions and gene expression. During chronic exposure at high concentration, Copper first accumulates in gill at higher concentration at which it may be toxic (Padrilah et al., 2018).\n\nThen the metal gets absorbed into the plasma. Similarly, plasma takes the metal from the gut cells as well (Annabi et al., 2013). Then the metal is distributed in other organs like liver, spleen and kidney through the blood and bioaccumulated. Several researchers showed that liver is the main depot for the copper accumulation (Rajkowska and Protasowicki, 2013). Das and Gupta (2013) reported the accumulation of copper in the selected fish (Esomus danricus) organs as follows: liver>gill>kidney>flesh>bones>brain. Uptake and accumulation of copper in fish body is highly regulated by physico-chemical parameters of water such as pH, hardness, alkalinity, presence of inorganic and organic matter etc. (Malhotra et al., 2020).\n\nMajor histopathological alterations in gill, liver and kidney due to heavy metal accumulation in fresh water fishes: Accumulation of heavy metals leads to cellular level, tissue level or organ level toxicity. Chronic exposure to different heavy metals causes various deleterious impact on fish organs. Histopathological study proves the degree of metal infestation though impacts are dose/concentration and time of exposure dependent, organ sensitive and organism specific. In ecotoxicological studies, histopathology of the sensitive organs has been highly recommended as a biomarker of evaluation of stress due to metal contamination.\n\nGill, liver and kidney are most sensitive to metal pollution thus histopathological studies of these organs become an unavoidable tool for evaluation of metal stress in the environment (Table 2). Several researchers have reported different types of heavy metal induced tissue degradation in different piscian models (Bakshi, 2016; Morcillo et al., 2017; Bakshi and Panigrahi, 2018). Long-term exposure to heavy metals even in very low amounts generally leads to leakage of cellular pathology marker enzymes in diferent tissues of fsh (Islam, 2019; Mustafa, 2020).\n\nTable 2. Histopathological alteration of gill, liver and kidney due to chronic exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of selected heavy metals.\n\nSelected Heavy Metals Major histopathological alterations of different organs due to chronic metal exposure to sub-lethal concentrations References\nGill Liver Kidney\nArsenic Epithelial hyperplasia, lifting and oedema, lamellar fusion, desquamation aneumerism, and necrosis Focal lymphatic and macrophage infiltration, congestion, sinusoid dilation a\n\n& swelling, vacuolization and shrinkage of hepatocytes, necrosis\n\nPycnotic nuclei, vacuolization of tubular cells, glomerular shrinkage, lumen enlargement, necrosis. Ahmed et al. (2013b); Morcillo et al. (2017)\nCadmium Hyperplasia, increase in chloride cells, reduced and shortened length of secondary gill lamellae Dissociation of hepatocytes, Necrosis, blood congestion in liver sinusoids, vacuolization Disorganization and degeneration of renal epithelial cells, reduction in glomerulus, hypertrophy, dialation of bowman’s capsule, focal necrosis Ahmed et al. (2014); Kaur et al. (2018)\nChromium Lamellar disorganization, Necrosis in epithelial cells, atrophied central axis. Hyperplasia, Necrosis of hepatocytes, Reduced N-C ratio. Highly fenestrated Bowman’s capsule, Constricted lumen of renal tubes, glomerular disorganization, Velma et al. (2009); Velma and Tchounwou, (2009); Bakshi, (2016); Bakshi and Panigrahi, (2018)\nLead Hyperplasia, hypertrophy and destruction or disintegration of lamellar architecture, lamellar clubbing and fusion of lamellae. Disarrangements of hepatic cords, shrinkage of hepatocytes, dialation of sinusoids, exudation of blood, loss of cell adherence of hepatocytes. Degeneration of renal epithelium, vacuolization, nuclear pycnosis. Renal tube atrophy, oedema, necrosis Mobarak and Sharaf, (2011); Ahmed et al. (2014); Mustafa (2020)\nMercury Mild congestion and oedema in primary lamellae, hyperplasia, desquamation in epithelial lining secondary lamellae, hyperactivity of chloride and mucous cells, Increase in RBC, macrophages Vacuolization, Hypertrophy of hepatocytes, intravascular hemolysis, nuclear pycnosis, congestion in central vein, necrosis Hydropic swelling of tubules, pycnotic nuclei, swelling of proximal convoluted tubule with necrotic nuclei. Kaviraj, (1983); Kaoud and El-Dahshan, (2010); Selvanathan et al. (2013)\nCopper Lifting of Lamellar epithelium, RBC exudes, Necrosis, fusion of adjacent lamella, hyperplasia, oedema Necrosis, vascular hemorrhage, dilated\n\nsinusoids and vacuolar degeneration\n\nDamage and degeneration of renal tubules, glomerular oedema, Necrosis, Nandan and Kumar, (2014); Atabati et al. (2015); Al-Tamimi et al. (2015)\n\n\nIn this review we have compiled the uptake and accumulation process of some heavy metals (viz., Arsenic, Cadmium, Copper, Chromium, Lead and Mercury) of fishes. The bioaccumulation process of these metals poses serious impact on the aquatic food chain also. The magnified concentration of different heavy metals leads to higher mortality rate in fish eating organisms especially aquatic birds. Fish is consumed as a primary source of protein thus contamination of heavy metals can be very dreadful to human being also. To cope up with the serious environmental threat effective legislation guidelines and regular monitoring are highly required. Failure to control the contamination will lead to severe complication in near future because of the imposed adverse impact of the heavy metals. Monitoring the exposure, release of the heavy metals and probable intervention for reducing additional exposure in environment can become a momentous step towards control measures. State, National and international co-operation is very important for framing ideal tactics to avoid the consequences of heavy metal toxicity.\n\nConflict of Interest :Authors solemnly declare that there is no conflict of interest to disclose.\n\nContribution of Authors:  Avijit Bakshi: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Investigation, Data curation, Writing Original Draft; Ashis Kumar Panigrahi: Supervision, resources, visualization and editing; S. Pattanaik: Supervision, Editing.\n\n\nAuthors are very much thankful to the authorities of Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, India for their cordial supports for carrying out the research.\n\n\nAhmed MK, Parvin E, Islam MM, Akter MS, and Al-Mamun MH (2014). Lead and cadmium-induced histopathological changes in gill, kidney and liver tissue of freshwater climbing perch Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1972). Chemistry and Ecology, Vol 30,2014, issue 6, pp 532-540. http://doi.org/10.1080/02757540.2014.889123.\n\nAMAP (1998). Assessment report: Arctic pollution issues. Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, Oslo.\n\nAMAP (2002). Arctic Pollution 2002. Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, Oslo.\n\nAnnabi A, Said K and Messaoudi I (2013). Cadmium: Bioaccumulation, histopathology and detoxifying mechanisms in fish. American Journal of Research Communication, 4(1), 60– 79.\n\nAschner M, Onishchenko N and Ceccatelli S, (2010). 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Morphological and biochemical changes in the gills of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) to ambient cadmium exposure. Aquatic Toxicol., 48(4): 517-527.\n\nWright DA, Metyer MJ and Martin FD (1985). Effect of calcium on cadmium uptake and toxicity in larvae and juveniles of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 34: 196-204.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9749384522438049}
+{"content": "The marketing industry is often considered to lean towards a female orientation but how does this translate in terms of numbers? Are more women working in the sector than men? And which gender seems to be more successful in landing the top jobs within the industry?\n\n\nWhich gender is more active in their search for marketing roles?\n\nBased on data compiled in the Simply Marketing Jobs’ 2018-19 annual report we can compare which genders are browsing each job category to gain an insight on who is actively looking to pursue a career in the industry. Here is an example of some of the roles we looked at:\n\nIn this article, we will look at the following roles:\n\nMarketing Director\n⦁ Marketing Manager\nMarketing & Sales\n⦁ Digital Marketer\nMarketing Analyst\nMarketing Assistant\n\nMarketing Director vacancies see one of the most even splits in terms of which genders are looking at the role, with 50.34% of the job seekers being male and 49.66% female. As one of the top roles within the marketing industry it is unsurprising that both genders are actively applying for an interview.\n\nMarketing Manager jobs clearly interest more women based on our figures, with 55.13% of female job seekers looking at management roles over men (44.87%). This suggests that women are more keen to progress to a managerial or supervisory role compared to their male counterparts.\n\nMarketing & Sales roles interest both male and female job seekers, although slightly leans towards female applicants (51.71%), compared to male (48.29%).\n\nDigital Marketing roles attract much more interest from female job seekers based on our data, with 60.38% of female browsers, compared to 39.62% male. As a more creative role, in terms of devising campaigns and using a range of media, could this support the theory that women are better at multitasking?\n\nAnalyst roles were viewed more by male job seekers than females (57% male and 43% female), while marketing assistant roles were searched more by women, 62.69% and just 37.31% male.\n\nFinally, SEO & PPC roles, again, a more analytical role seemed to be more favoured by men in terms of a potential career choice, with 55.07% of job seekers looking at these roles being male.\n\n\nAre more women employed in the industry than men?\n\nBased on the statistics above it would be acceptable to think that more women are employed within the marketing sector than men but is this true?\n\nAccording to the Gender in Marketing Report compiled by in 2017, women are more likely to hold a management position, while director and CEO roles were dominated by men. In 2015, females edged the ‘manager’ and ‘head of’ roles by 46% vs 40%, however, men were twice as likely to be a director and four times as likely to be a CEO or MD.\n\nSince 2015, these numbers have improved slightly in favour of women but the difference is still quite significant. In 2017, women were still more likely to be in a management or ‘head of’ role than men. Director roles were much more even, with only 4% more men in these roles than women, while a man was twice as likely to be a CEO or MD, halving from two years prior.\n\nAccording to the 2015 report women were also more prominent in roles relating to design, content and strategy than men but in the 2017 report this was reversed. The amount of women in assistant, coordinator and executive roles was around double that of men, however, this became much more even two years later.\n\nThe report also shows that it is more common amongst women to rise to manager or ‘head of’ level and not to progress any further, possibly suggesting an industry bias towards men for the highest paying roles, or possibly a lack of self belief amongst some women.\n\n\nDifferences in working habits between men and women\n\nMore and more marketers are taking advantage of flexible working opportunities within the industry and research shows obvious trends amongst men and women in terms of their working preferences. Women are almost four times as likely to work part time, while men are more likely to opt to work from home than women.\n\nSurveys also show that mothers may be at a bigger disadvantage than fathers in terms of their marketing career, as mums are three times more likely to say parenthood has affected their careers negatively. It is also thought that this fact may skew the figures in terms of the amount of women working in CEO or MD roles as many mothers want flexibility when starting a family.\n\nWant to see the full breakdown of roles? Get the full report here:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5371238589286804}
+{"content": "Books Developments in PIL Scholarship\n\nMehtiyeva on the Concept of Judicial Cooperation\n\nla-notion-de-cooperation-judiciaire-9782275073071Kamalia Mehtiyeva (Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne School of Law) has just published a monograph on the Concept of Judicial Cooperation based on her doctoral thesis (La notion de coopération judiciaire, LGDJ, coll. Droit privé, préf. L. Cadiet, vol. 597, 2020).\n\nThe author has provided the following abstract in English:\n\nThe diversity of legal orders and their multiplication have led to a growing need to articulate them. In addressing this need, mechanisms of coordination proper to private international law (rules of conflicts of laws and of jurisdictions, lis pendens), based on passive logic in which one legal order holds back in favor of another, reveal to be insufficient.\n\nParallel to these mechanisms emerged, in a disorganized manner, a whole heteroclite set of more active methods of interaction, both during judicial proceedings and upon their completion, such as mission rogatory, service of process, extradition, European arrest warrant, seizure of assets, Interpol red notices, enforcement of foreign judgments and arbitral awards. The doctoral thesis gathers these diverse mechanisms under the banner of judicial cooperation, not only in order to seek unity behind the apparent diversity, namely by distinguishing a common procedural foundation as well as similar, or at least consistent powers of judges mutually assisting each other, but also to suggest punctual improvements of certain instruments by analogy with features of other mechanisms.\n\nThe thesis first strives to analyze diverse mechanisms of judicial cooperation between judges of European Union member states (e.g. European arrest warrant, recognition and enforcement of civil and criminal judgments, European investigation order, obtaining evidence in the European Judicial Area), as well as outside of the European Union (e.g. letters rogatory, service of process, obtaining evidence, extradition, recognition and enforcement of judgements) and interactions between judges and arbitrators (e.g. assistance of the State judge – “juge d’appui”, recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards). The second part of the doctoral thesis is focused on unveiling the unity of the notion of judicial cooperation by defining its criteria and its essence. Thus, behind the analysis of diverse mechanisms of cooperation between national legal orders with each other and with arbitral legal order, as well as in the European order by virtue of the principle of mutual recognition, and the concrete proposals of improvement of some of them, the book reveals a profound unity of the notion of judicial cooperation.\n\nThe unity first appears in the criteria of cooperation in so far as it is defined as procedural act, freely accomplished in one legal order upon the request of another legal order for the needs of judicial proceedings with a cross-border element, pending or terminated in the latter. The thesis explains cross-border element not in a usual, geographical sense, characterized by territorial borders, but in a broader one, marked by the limits of jurisdiction of a legal order (national, European or arbitral legal order). Furthermore, the thesis allows to trace a common basis for all types of mechanisms of judicial cooperation, which is reciprocity of relations between legal orders. In that respect, the thesis shows that such reciprocity is rooted in interactions between legal orders, even if it may be stronger between national legal orders belonging to the European Judicial area, as their relations are characterized by mutual trust. Finally, the unity is found in the purpose of judicial cooperation which manifests differently for requesting and requested legal order. For requesting legal order, the purpose of judicial cooperation is obvious : it is to obtain aid from another legal order where the requesting judge is not allowed to act either because of foreign judicial sovereignty (foreign legal order) or its incompetence (arbitral order). As to the requested judge, the purpose behind its action is less clear. The thesis shows that judicial cooperation is a way for the requested judge to contribute to a better management of cross-border litigation.\n\nThe study thus reveals that judicial cooperation transforms the core of judicial powers which are no longer reduced to adjudicating cases falling into the scope of  competence of the legal order to which judges belong but is henceforth enriched to include cooperative function(“office coopératif des juges”). The requested judge’s cooperation allows the requesting judge to surpass a cross-border element in the proceedings and thus contributes to a better administration of justice of the requesting legal order.\n\nMore details are available here, including free access to the table of contents and the first few pages of the book.\n\n%d bloggers like this:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8525168895721436}
+{"content": "The Children of Noisy Village\n\n87 minutes 1986 6.7\n\nNoisy Village is a small town in Småland. There are three farms there. Lisa lives at Midtgarden with her brothers Lasse and Bosse. Sisters Britta and Anna live at Nordgarden. And Olle lives in Sørgarden. Yes, and so did Kerstin, Olle's little sister. There are no more children in Bakkebygrenda, but it is enough ... It's a lovely midsummer and there are just plenty of adventures every single day!\n\nThe film is not playable outside of Norway\nCategory: Feature Film\nGenre: Kids\nActors: Ellen Demérus, Harald Lönnbro, Anna Sahlin, Lisa Bergström, Henrik Larsson, Dickson Wendenius\nAuthor: Astrid Lindgren\nDirector: Lasse Hallström\nProducer: Waldemar Bergendahl\nScript: Astrid Lindgren\nCountry: Sweden\nLanguage: Swedish", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8855868577957153}
+{"content": "A Quintessential Introduction to Machine Learning\n\nA Quintessential Introduction to Machine Learning\n\nMachine learning is the latest and one of the most interesting and compelling subfields of computer science. When a machine is programmed to learn from its experiences concerning some tasks and performance measures without any human assistance, it is known as machine learning.\n\nMachine learning can be classified into different categories depending upon the nature of the learning process. These categories include supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement and semi-supervised learning. These different sets of categories pose different ways through which machines learn. These include learning from an algorithm with and without some associated response, positive or negative feedback, and some target output missing from the training signal.\n\nMachine Learning – Uses And Importance\n\nMachine learning is a domain that provides computers with the capability of learning without being specifically programmed. It is a process that starts when you input high-quality data into computers or machines and then train them by building different models and algorithms.\n\nUses of machine learning range from some ordinary everyday use to intriguing and unique ones in many areas. Machine Learning often gets used in Healthcare for drug discovery. And, now, it has an interesting application in the Healthcare industry. It is getting used to suggest personalized medication/treatment based on the person’s health records and problems. Another enthralling application of machine learning is self-driven cars. The most well-known example of this is Tesla, one of the most popular car manufacturing companies. It trains the car models to detect objects and humans while driving without any human involvement by applying an unsupervised learning method.\n\nWhy Should You Learn Machine Learning?\n\nThe concept of machine learning has been under the light for a while now. The field is continuously evolving, and with that, so is its need, demand and importance.\n\nOne of the major reasons for machine learning gaining recognition is its capability to provide high-value predictions that can lead to better and smarter decisions and actions in real-time with zero human interference. It is an automated process that eases the work of data scientists. Thus, making it the need of the hour and a great career option.\n\nClassroom Training For Machine Learning in Mumbai\n\nMumbai is a hub for major companies and institutions. It is an emerging city for different fields, from Health care to manufacturing and IT to education.\n\nWhen you take up a machine learning course, certain factors need to be kept in mind. The machine learning course you opt for should be the one that covers all the aspects and concepts of the field and provide advanced-level training on different applications and algorithms.\n\nMumbai is the right place to learn Machine Learning as the courses offered here have a 360-degree approach. You will get hands-on training and mentorship from industry experts and professionals. The course will also provide you with an opportunity to work on real-world case studies to practice your skills and expertise level. Apart from getting a good quality education, you will also get benefits like placement assistance, guaranteed internships and scholarships when you enroll for training in these courses.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9947773218154907}
+{"content": "The Danger of Humanism\n\nWE OFTEN hear comments like ‘You don’t have to be religious to be good’. Undoubtedly there are many non-believers who seem to be more kind, selfless and empathetic than many professing Christians. This is particularly true of Humanists. Humanism is one of the dominant philosophies in the modern world. This is a summary of Humanist belief:\n\nThe Golden Rule\n\nAt face value, Humanism and Christianity share important values. In common with many other belief systems, they embrace the moral principle known as the ‘Golden Rule’ which states that people should aim to treat each other as they would like to be treated themselves. The term ‘Golden Rule’ is not in the Bible, but the principle most certainly is. Centuries before Christianity or Humanism it was in the Law of Moses:\n\nYou shall not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of your people, but you shall love your neighbour as yourself: I am the Lord (Leviticus 19:18).\n\nIt was later endorsed by Jesus (for example in Matthew 19:19), who enlarged on what it means to his followers, including doing good to our enemies (Matthew 5:44). James in his letter called it the ‘royal law’ (James 2:8).\n\nHumanists argue that the Golden Rule is ‘largely humanist’ and derived from human feelings and experience. But Leviticus 19:18 states that it is a commandment of God.\n\nOpposing Beliefs\n\nOne of the main axioms of Humanism is that we can deduce moral principles using empathy and human reasoning. Humanists argue that they use science and reasoning rather than religious thought or holy books to guide them in their lives. They emphasise the importance of experiment to establish truth, and consequently deny both the existence of God and any afterlife. They believe that there is no purpose to the universe and that happiness is to be gained in the pleasures of this life since that is all there is.\n\nHumanism and Christianity are therefore diametrically opposed. This is exemplified in the table below.\n\n\nHumanists state that they prefer critical thinking and evidence to doctrine or faith. They emphasise the fact that human beings have the ability to ask questions and also believe that we can answer many of those questions ourselves.\n\nQuite clearly we cannot do an experiment to test the hypothesis that there is a God. Nor, however, can we prove that there is no God. The Bible is quite clear that\n\nthe afterlife it describes is only for those who love and try to obey God—so non-believers are correct: for them there is no afterlife.\n\nHumanists imply that religious belief is effectively ‘blind’, that is without evidence or logical reasoning. However, true Bible students do not blindly follow doctrines, but are encouraged to understand revealed Bible truth using reasoning (John 10:37–38; Acts 17:11; I Thessalonians 5:20–21). They examine the evidence for the truth of the Bible. For example:\n\n•             the history of the Jews\n\n•             fulfilled prophecy\n\n•             historical evidence for the resurrection of Jesus.\n\nWe can examine the statements made in the Bible and establish whether or not they are consistent with each other and also test the Bible’s predictions against what we can observe. This is exactly the method used by scientists to test theories that are not amenable to formal experiment.\n\nMoreover, the Bible says that God requires faith in things that cannot be proved in order to be acceptable to Him:\n\n\nHebrews chapter 11 is all about faith—what it is, why it’s vital, and the difference it makes to life.\n\nDifferent Starting Points\n\nWe interpret evidence in the context of our fundamental belief system. So nowadays atheists will look at nature and see apparent evidence of evolution, whereas a Bible believer will see evidence of God:\n\n\nSo it is critically important to make sure that our fundamental belief system is correct. This is where Humanists and Christians differ.\n\nOn closer examination, even the Golden Rule is not the same in Humanism and Christianity. According to Jesus it is actually a secondary rule—the primary commandment is to love God.\n\n\nIn I Corinthians 13 Paul makes a startling statement about the motivations for our actions. The chapter is well worth reading, but the following verse is hard-hitting:\n\n\n(I Corinthians 13:3).\n\nThe motivation has to be godly, not humanistic. Following the Golden Rule is not in itself enough. A love for God has to be at the centre of all aspects of a Christian’s life.\n\nIt Does Matter\n\nSo despite seeming similar, Humanists and Christians are as ‘different as chalk and cheese’.  Humanists see themselves as the ultimate authority and their focus is primarily on fellow humans in this life. Christians trust in God’s revealed Word, with limited interest in things of this life, seeking a better life (Matthew 6:33; Hebrews 11:13–16) when they can share the divine nature of the God they worship (2 Peter 1:4). Some things are invisible and cannot be inferred from observation (2 Corinthians 4:18). So Christians revere Bible teaching as superior to human deduction.\n\nIf the Bible is correct (as we believe) then Humanism is lethal. Conclusions from human reasoning are not necessarily wrong, but when they contradict the Bible they should be rejected. Humanists imply that Bible-believers are not interested in evidence. This is untrue. But we each need to decide: no decision, or agnosticism, is in fact a decision to reject the offer of eternal life. So we beg you, as a matter of urgency, to investigate the claims of the Bible.\n\nAnna Hart", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7599892616271973}
+{"content": "Monday, 4 March 2019\n\nGC&SF passenger trains get a make-over.\n\nFor a long time now I've been running three passenger trains during our operating sessions on the GC&SF:\n- Trains 5 and 6 - the Ranger\n- Trains 11 and 12 - the Kansas Cityan and the Chicagoan respectively; and\n- Trains 15 and 16 - the Texas Chief.\n(You can find brief information about each train by clicking on the train name. The information about Trains 11 and 12 appears to be incomplete.)\n\nIn reality, I've been cheating, as Trains 5/6 and 11/12 didn't (as far as I can tell) operate through the area I model at the same time. From what I can gather from Loren Joplin's website, Trains 5 and 6 (the Ranger) operated between Kansas City and points in Texas (via connecting trains) until they were discontinued in late May of 1960. At that time, Trains 11 and 12 had their routes extended to cover the territory that was previously covered by the Ranger. I've never specified when in 1960 my layout is set, but if that date is prior to late May then I should have Trains 5/6 and 15/16. And if it is June or later then I should have Trains 11/12 and 15/16.\n\nI also cheated in regard to the consists of my passenger trains, which never matched the consists of their namesake trains. I just built them up with the cars that I had available within the following guidelines:\n- Trains 15/16 emphasised first class travel, with more sleeping cars than the other trains,\n- Trains 11/12 were geared towards chair and coach travel, and\n- Trains 5/6 mainly carried mail and express, and short-distance passenger travel.\n\nThanks to Kato and Con-Cor, models are now available for many types of ATSF passenger cars, so I decided to see how accurately I could represent those that I run on my layout. I started with the car lists shown on the previously mentioned website. The lists are a bit confusing as they show all the cars that operated in a train, but the actual make-up at any point along the route varied due to cars being added and/or removed as it progressed.\n\nGoodbye to the Ranger ...\n\nAfter narrowing the lists down to the cars that ran through Ardmore I found that:\n\nTrains 15/16: I have suitable models of most of the cars and reasonable stand-ins for those that I am missing. However, at Ardmore the real train had 14 cars in its consist, so I would have to omit a few cars for it to operate on my layout.\n\nTrains 11/12: I have models of some of the cars, and reasonable stand-ins for most of the rest. I still need a couple more baggage cars or 50' express box cars. I also need models of ATSF chair cars but RTR models of suitable cars have not been produced in N scale.\n\nTrains 5/6: These trains were heavy on mail and express cars, and I need more baggage cars and 50' express box cars to represent them. Also, in 1960 these trains included a pair of heavy-weight chair cars, and I have nothing that I can use as a stand-in.\n\nAs I mentioned, Trains 5 and 6 were discontinued in May 1960, and I have decided to do the same thing. Consequently, my layout is now set sometime in the period June to December, 1960.\n\nHere's how restructured Train 11 (the Kansas Cityan) looks as it rolls through Davis:\n\n(Click here to view on Youtube.)\n\n... and hello to Trains 337 and 338\n\nThis process has corrected some long-standing anomalies with my passenger trains, but left a couple of gaps in my operating timetable. But those gaps were quickly filled.  The real southbound Fast Freights 37 and 39 were so busy that they often had to be run in two sections. The Santa Fe eventually added two additional southbound freight trains - Trains 337 and 339, to handle the extra traffic. Following their lead, I have added Train 337 (southbound) and Train 338 (northbound) to replace Trains 5 and 6 in the timetable. Train 338 is actually not prototypically correct: I had to create it to fill the timetable gap left by deleting Train 6's northbound journey, and to get Train 337 back to north staging. These new trains have simply slotted into the former Train 5/6 positions on my timetable. They don't do any switching - they just run from staging to staging.\n\nIt took a bit of effort, but I think (hope, really) that I've correctly amended all the paperwork necessary to reflect these changes. We'll have to wait for the March operating session to see how that works out.\n\nRegards to all,", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9741349816322327}
+{"content": "This event only allows a single device to be logged in at a time. You are seeing this message because you are attempting to login on multiple devices. To resolve this, close the event on one device and you'll be able to open it on another. If the problem persists, please contact your event producer.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9991710186004639}
+{"content": "Question: How Old Is Kotlin?\n\nDoes Google use Kotlin?\n\nGoogle today announced that the Kotlin programming language is now its preferred language for Android app developers.\n\n“Android development will become increasingly Kotlin-first,” Google writes in today’s announcement.\n\n“Many new Jetpack APIs and features will be offered first in Kotlin..\n\nIs kotlin easier than Java?\n\n\nIs kotlin better than Swift?\n\nKotlin is a programming language for Android app development and Swift is for IOS application development. Both kotlin vs swift languages are built on top of the modern programming approach and software design pattern. Both the languages offer several inbuilt functions defined in an extensive list of libraries.\n\nIs kotlin Replacing Java?\n\n\nIs C# dead 2020?\n\n\nShould I learn Kotlin or Java first?\n\nIn summary, learn Kotlin. But if you’re completely new to programming, start with Java first. Most Android code is still written in Java, and at the least, understanding Java will be a boon for understanding the docs. … On the other hand, if you’re an experienced developer check out our Kotlin for Java Developers course.\n\nWill kotlin die?\n\nSo, no, Kotlin is not dead. It was recently anointed a first-class language for Android development. … It’s still too early to comment on the future of this language, but I do not think Kotlin is dying now in 2018. Apparently, Google supports this language a lot and Kotlin is regularly updated.\n\nIs Java a dying language?\n\n\nDoes kotlin have a future?\n\n\nIs kotlin worth learning 2020?\n\nAs well as Android app development, you can also use Kotlin for web development, desktop development, and server-side development. As one of the fastest growing programming languages in recent years, Kotlin is a very wise choice for programmers and Android app developers to learn in 2020.\n\nShould I learn Java or kotlin 2020?\n\nMany companies have already started using Kotlin for their Android app development, and that’s the main reason I think Java developers should learn Kotlin in 2020. … You will not only get up to speed in no time, but you would have better community support, and knowledge of Java will help you a lot in the future.\n\nIs kotlin difficult?\n\nKotlin is not hard to learn. … Kotlin is a JVM compliant language but it is very different from Java – in terms of more you can accomplish in so less lines of code. Lesser lines of code means , lesser code to maintain, lesser bugs, more productivity.\n\nDoes Google use Java?\n\nGoogle uses the Java programming language to build and develop the Google Docs applications. The user’s side of the system — what would be called the client side in a traditional network — consists of Web applications enhanced by the Javascript programming language. Javascript and Java aren’t the same thing.\n\nWhat is kotlin used for?\n\nKotlin is a general purpose, free, open source, statically typed “pragmatic” programming language initially designed for the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) and Android that combines object-oriented and functional programming features. It is focused on interoperability, safety, clarity, and tooling support.\n\nWhy was kotlin created?\n\nThe creation of Kotlin Kotlin was invented to solve developer challenges of JetBrains. They needed a simpler tool than Java to work with their main product, called IntelliJ IDEA, totally written in it. The guys investigated the alternatives, stayed unsatisfied, and decided to invent their own language.\n\nWhy is Kotlin bad?\n\nKotlin is sometimes called a streamlined version of Java. It’s actually the opposite – Kotlin is a mess of extra syntax and keywords. … In Kotlin, if you define a data class, then getters, setters, equality testing, to string, and hash code are added for you invisibly. This can be a bad idea.\n\nIs Dart language dead?\n\nIt never was in serious contention but it’s now (almost) official. We don’t plan to support this API in the short term.\n\nIs kotlin good for beginners?\n\nIt’s very likely that Kotlin will be the primary programming language for Android in the future. … However, while pretty much everyone agrees that Kotlin is the better language, most people (even big Kotlin fans) recommend to still start with Java as a beginner.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9713130593299866}
+{"content": "Quick Answer: Is cross matching required for platelet transfusion?\n\nPlatelet transfusions from RhD-positive donors to recipients with anti-D antibodies do not result in hemolysis, because they contain very few RBCs. Only products containing >2 mL of incompatible RBCs require a serologic crossmatch per AABB standards.\n\nDo platelets crossmatch?\n\nCrossmatching of plasma is not required, since there are no RBCs in these products. … ABO compatibility for platelet transfusion is desirable but not required because of the small amount of plasma present in a standard dose of platelets (each unit contains about 60 mL of plasma, and 5 or 6 units make up a standard dose).\n\nWhat is platelet crossmatch?\n\nThe term “refractoriness”, defined as two consecutive failures to respond to platelet transfusions, is used to indicate that platelets from random donors produce post-transfusion platelet count increments in the recipient which are significantly lower than expected, based on the number of platelets administered and an …\n\nDoes plasma transfusion need cross-matching?\n\nFFP transfusions must be ABO compatible, but Rh compatibility and cross-matching are not required (Table 35.1). … ABO compatibility is not mandatory for cryoprecipitate transfusion.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  How much blood can you take from a 2 year old?\n\nWhat is the cross-matching protocol for platelets?\n\nA platelet cross-matching procedure has been assessed for selecting compatible donors for alloimmunized patients. This confirms the clinical value of combining an indirect platelet immunofluorescence test (PIFT) with a lymphocytotoxicity test (LCT) in predicting the survival of single-donor platelets.\n\nDo platelets need to match blood type?\n\nPlatelets are not as type specific as red blood cells, meaning that most patients can accept platelets from donors with any blood type, regardless of the patient’s blood type. Since platelets only last for FIVE days, they are always needed by patients.\n\nHow long is a crossmatch good for?\n\n8451/8452 for advice.\n\nGroup & Save and Crossmatch Guide.\n\nPotential sensitising event: Sample valid if taken:\nNever transfused Up to 28 days before transfusion\nTransfused less than 3 days ago Up to 28 days before transfusion (until 72 hours post first unit commenced transfusion, thereupon 72 hours before transfusion)\n\nWhy should platelets not be cross matched?\n\nTransfusions of cross-matched platelets increase platelet counts but there is insufficient data to link this benefit with improved clinical outcomes such as reduced bleeding and mortality.\n\nWhat blood products should be cross matched?\n\nAll patients who need blood must have a current type and screen. When RBCs are ordered, compatibility testing (crossmatch) is performed.\n\nRed Blood Cells.\n\nPatient (Recipient) Compatible Components\nBlood Group Plasma Contains Red Cells\nO Anti-A, Anti-B O\nA Anti-B O, A\nB Anti-A O, B\n\nWhy do you need HLA-matched platelets?\n\nHLA-matched platelets are indicated for patients that have thrombocytopenia and have demonstrated CCI values consistent with immune refractory thrombocytopenia on at least two occasions.\n\nIT IS INTERESTING:  Best answer: What will happen to your resting heart rate as your heart gets stronger?\n\nCan O positive plasma be given to a positive?\n\nGroup O recipients do not have either A or B antigen, so can safely receive plasma of any blood group type.\n\nHow is cross matching done?\n\nTo crossmatch your blood against donor blood or organs, the technician will mix a sample of your blood with a sample of the donor material. Again, they’ll check for signs of reaction.\n\nCan O negative plasma donate to O positive?\n\n\nWhat does cross-matching mean?\n\nCrossmatching is a way for your healthcare provider to test your blood against a donor’s blood to make sure they are fully compatible. It’s essentially a trial transfusion done in test tubes to see exactly how your blood will react with potential donor blood.\n\nDoes albumin need to be cross matched?\n\nAdministration and Dosage\n\nFFP must be administered soon after thawing, preferably within 2 hours. Cross-matching is not necessary, but FFP must be ABO compatible in adults, and ABO and Rh compatible in neonates.\n\nDo platelets have to be ABO compatible?\n\nThus, unlike RBC transfusions, there really are no ABO compatible platelet transfusions. Platelet transfusions should be classified as either ABO identical or nonidentical.\n\nCardiac cycle", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9901407957077026}
+{"content": "The Living Rainforest\n\nLearning resources\n\nRio the iguana\n\nGreen iguana\n\nThe green iguana is wide ranging and can be found from Mexico through to Central and South America. They are seen as invasive animals in southern Florida and Hawaii. They live in h...\n\ncarpet python cropped 1\n\nCarpet python\n\nCarpet pythons are mainly found on mainland Australia. They live in a range of habitats, from rainforests to deserts. This species spends much of the day up in a tree but also come...\n\nEmerald tree boa\n\nEmerald tree boas, as their name suggests, are a tree dwelling species, spending most of their time high up in the foliage. They prefer to be solitary. They are found in lowland tr...", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7466679811477661}
+{"content": "Bonton Farms Honey Butter- 8oz | Honey - Lizzie Bee's Flower Shoppe\n\nBonton Farms Honey Butter- 8oz\n\n\nDelectable Honey Butter straight from Bonton Farms, a farm in South Dallas that serves their local community in so many ways.\n\nFrom their website:\n\n\"What started out as a garden in a small lot has grown into two fully functioning farms and the Bonton Market. We grow organic food and hope for a better tomorrow, right in the Bonton community and on a separate 40-acre farm south of Dallas. We’re determined to grow the best-tasting, healthiest produce in the city while inspiring hope in everyone around us. We also house free-range chickens, goats, turkeys, rabbits and beehives that provide an abundance of fresh eggs, milk and honey.\"", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9853290915489197}
+{"content": "The Mindset Continuum: Get a Nudge in the Right Direction\n\nMost of our attempts to change students’ Mindsets are failing. Why? \n\n\n1. We’ve been teaching about a Growth Mindset, instead of for a Growth Mindset\n\nWe’ve treated Growth Mindset like a topic. We’ve taught people about what it is and why it’s important, and told them they should have one. But that hasn’t worked. The people who Professor Carol Dweck describes as iconic examples of a Growth Mindset in the first chapter of her book, Mindset, never had a Growth Mindset lesson. They didn’t have a poster on their wall telling them what they should think and say. They hadn’t even read Dweck’s book! These people had developed what I term an Authentic Growth Mindset. This Mindset is the accumulation of a lifetime of experiences that developed and reinforced their belief in their capacity to change their most basic characteristics.\n\n2. We thought it would be quick and easy. It’s not\n\nWe wanted quick fixes and fast results. But you can’t simply choose to have a Growth Mindset. Deeply held beliefs that have been developed throughout a lifetime aren’t changed quickly or easily. You can’t simply “change your mind” when it comes to your Mindset. As Dweck has pointed out, a Growth Mindset is not a declaration, it’s a journey. And in the beginning, we did not recognise the complexity of implementing Growth Mindset strategies.\n\n3. We fell victim to the False Mindset\n\nOur Mindset is comprised of deeply held and often unexamined beliefs, which are part of what psychologists call our unconscious bias. They guide our actions when we are not paying attention. So, sometimes, even our best Growth Mindset strategies backfired.\n\n4. We didn’t understand the Mindset Continuum\nTo understand Mindsets, it’s useful to view them from the dichotomous perspective of fixed and growth. But when we seek to change Mindsets, it’s more helpful to recognise that they fall along a continuum. There aren’t two types of people in the world, those with a Fixed Mindset and those with a Growth Mindset. In reality, we are all somewhere on the Mindset Continuum. Recognising this opens the door to effective Growth Mindset interventions. \n\nMindset Continuum: Towards interventions that work!\n\nWhere we find ourselves on the Mindset Continuum is the net result of all the positive and negative Mindset Movers we experience in our lives.  \n\nA positive Mindset Mover is a message or experience we create to help shape a more growth-oriented Mindset in the people we lead. It might be as simple as encouraging Effective Effort, or helping students understand the backstory that created the extraordinary talents of someone they admire. Positive Mindset Movers move you towards the growth end of the Mindset Continuum. \n\nOf course, the reverse is true of negative Mindset Movers. For example, categorising people as a “type” pushes the people we lead towards the low-growth or fixed end of the Mindset Continuum. \n\nGive yourself a nudge and create positive Mindset Movers\n\nThe challenge of creating environments full of positive Mindset Movers is the fact that our unconscious bias governs most of our actions. So, we fall victim to the False Mindset. We try to create a positive Mindset Mover, but instead, we accidentally create a negative one. \n\nFor example, the rule of “praise effort”, when filtered through our more Fixed Mindset lens, unintentionally becomes “praise struggling students for effort”. Struggle becomes associated with a lack of ability, and a negative Mindset Mover is created. \n\nWhat we need is a “nudge” in the right direction, something to help us overcome our unconscious bias. \n\nA “nudge” is a term from behavioural psychology. It is something that encourages or influences you to take a particular action. In the context of changing Mindsets, a nudge encourages us to create a positive Mindset Mover when there’s a chance we might create a negative Mindset Mover. \n\nI recently wrote about two nudges we can apply to our efforts to create positive Mindset Movers: “group by verbs, not adjectives” and “attach time stamps to performances”. Both help create positive Mindset Movers on a daily basis. \n\nSo, if you want to implement Growth Mindset interventions that work, you need to use nudges that help you create positive Mindset Movers. \n\nMy Growth Mindset workshop outlines more than 30 nudges you can easily apply in your classroom, home or workplace. They will help you create an environment rich in positive Mindset Movers. \n\nOver the next few weeks, I’ll be talking about nudges and how the analogy of the Learning Landscape helps create positive Mindset Movers in our classrooms. \n\n(I wrote a book about The Mindset Continuum and how it can help you implement Growth Mindset strategies successfully. Download it for free from here.)\n\n\n\n\nAre you enjoying my blog?\n\nSign up for my newslette\n\n\n\nSchool-based consultancy\n\nThe Mindset Continuum\n\nHow to Implement Growth Mindsets and Increase Learner Agency\n\n\nPost a Comment\n\nYour email is kept private. Required fields are marked *\n\nseven + 5 =", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9887283444404602}
+{"content": "Devarim 13:4\n\n\n\n4 אחרי יהוה אלהיכם תלכו ואתו תיראו ואת מצותיו תשמרו ובקלו תשמעו ואתו תעבדו ובו תדבקון׃\n\n이 구절에 대한 주석  \n\nBy Alexander Payne\n\nVerse 4. You shall constantly regulate the life by the Divine Love and Wisdom, and fear exceedingly to act against them; you shall do what you know to be the Lord's will, and carefully attend to every perception of it that is given you, and you shall serve Him, and cleave to Him in all circumstances.\n\n    내적 의미를 연구하십시오", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9978947043418884}
+{"content": "Editors’ note: This article is featured in the Nonprofit Quarterly‘s fall 2014 edition: “Grappling with Competition: The Nonprofit Landscape.”\n\n\nLast summer, my family and I went on the Great American Road Trip, driving from our California home to the East and back again. Over six weeks, we passed through seventeen states, visited nine national parks, and, to our great pride, ate only one fast-food-chain meal the entire time. (My kids pronounced the food “spongy” and “weird.”)\n\nIt isn’t often that I think of my work running a national children’s literacy nonprofit as being connected to chain restaurants, but during my hours of driving it occurred to me that, for all my “shop local” sensibilities, I was actually doing to the education sector what Burger King and McDonald’s were doing to food.\n\nWere my efforts over the past seven years scaling Reading Partners across sixty school districts in nine states basically creating a miniature, socially oriented version of Walmart?\n\nWhat We Mean When We Talk about Scale\n\nLike the process of scaling, defining “scale” is complicated. Frequently, scaling is used interchangeably with “growing” to describe a program or organization that is significantly expanding in size over time. “Size” is also a complex term: it can describe the number of clients served or the services provided to those clients; the operating budget; the geographic footprint; or some combination of all those factors.\n\nWhen we use “scale” and “growth” as synonyms, we miss an important distinction, just as we do when we confuse “size” and “impact.” Scaling is less a structural description and more a mind-set for organizations—a focus on addressing a social problem at the neighborhood, city, state, national, or even global level. A scaling organization must think about its impact as well as its size—and hopefully more the former than the latter.\n\nA scaling organization’s resources and strategies should be calibrated to the scope of the problem it seeks to address. An organization that serves only 1 or 2 percent of its target population is not necessarily scaled, just as an organization that seeks to address a problem affecting millions of people is not necessarily scaling if it impacts a thousand more lives each year.\n\nNor is scale a binary state into which organizations can easily be categorized. Just as in the forprofit sector there are some companies that are clearly scaled (Walmart), there are others that fall into a gray area, such as regional or urban-only chain operations, and companies that hold large but not dominant market share in crowded sectors.\n\nScale, therefore, is ultimately in the eye of the beholder. While we might argue about what defines a truly scaled organization, for the purposes of this essay I will consider it a self-applied label. (If an organization or its stakeholders believe it is scaling, then we should describe it as such, and that organization therefore needs to be thoughtful about its scaling activities.)\n\nLeading Reading Partners through its efforts to scale nationally, I am the first to admit that much of what I learned about scale comes from the mistakes we made in our earliest efforts—a few of which continue to pose challenges in some of the communities we serve. In many cases, my knowledge about scale was gained the hard way, and I share it in the hope that others will have a gentler and smoother learning curve.\n\nWhy Do Organizations Aspire to Scale?\n\nIf scale is less a state of being and more a way of thinking about social problems, then what is it that compels nonprofit organizations to adopt it as an operating principle? Put another way, why do organizations sometimes feel compelled to grow beyond their founding communities?\n\nThe noblest answer is that organizations are compassionately compelled by the need for their services. If an organization feels morally obligated to address a social problem in its own community, it is very difficult to turn a blind eye to similar problems in other communities. Many social problems are diffuse and portable, crossing city and state lines and following vulnerable individuals as they move from place to place. It is by no means a simple thing for an organization to define and adhere to a strict geographic focus.\n\nThere are other factors that motivate organizations to scale. Fundraising is probably the least worthy of these. Funders tend to like growth, especially those funders with experience in the corporate sector, where growth and success are often thought of as two sides of the same coin. All things being equal, organizations that can tell a scaling story will find it easier to raise more money each year—which creates a powerful incentive, even if (as discussed below) this can simultaneously create a perilous funding trap. There are national (as opposed to local) funders, too, that are generally accessible only to scaling organizations. The amount of funding available in this vein, however, tends to be much smaller than organizations may imagine it to be. The vast majority of domestic American philanthropy is highly local in nature, even if many of the household-name grantmaking foundations gravitate toward national organizations.\n\nAnother factor is the undeniable prestige attached to scaling organizations, whether deserved or not—particularly those that expand across state or national borders. It can be viewed as a sort of validation when an organization is invited to serve a new community, even if the invitation came as the result of significant lobbying on that organization’s part. Scaling organizations also find themselves the recipients of national press and policy-making attention much more frequently than organizations focused on a single community. (There are some notable exceptions to this, such as the Harlem Children’s Zone, which has received considerable national media attention and even spawned an initiative by the federal government without ever expanding beyond its original neighborhood focus.)\n\nRegardless of the reasons for scaling, organizations need to be thoughtful about the benefits and drawbacks of this mind-set. If done well, a scaling approach can exponentially increase an organization’s impact, driving it toward making true and meaningful progress in combating devastating social ills. If done poorly, scaling can be a disruptive diversion of precious resources that commodifies rather than serves communities of need.\n\nMission Benefits of Scaling\n\n  1. Consistent and compelling outcomes. Solving social problems is much easier when there are common metrics that can be used to measure the impact of different programs. Scaled organizations usually have an internally consistent evaluation regime that enables them to compare program effects across diverse populations and environments and to present those outcomes in a compelling way to funders, policy-makers, and other stakeholders.\n  2. More efficient resource allocation. It is often challenging for local organizations to find economies of scale, particularly for backoffice functions. Scaled organizations are able to centralize administrative functions and share business services across their network. This dual benefit lowers overhead costs and frees up local staff to focus more on program delivery and stakeholder engagement.\n  3. Enhanced capacity for research and development. Scaled organizations are not only able to spend more in real dollars on program development and research but also often allocate a higher overall percentage of their budget to these activities. Organizations that serve multiple communities also have the freedom to try new approaches in discrete parts of their network without fearing that they have “bet the farm” on their success.\n  4. Ability to exert sector influence. Scaled organizations have the ability not only to provide high-quality services but also to share what they’re learning across the sector. With more resources for formal research and program evaluation, scaled organizations can play the role of both thought leader and trendsetter, helping smaller organizations to improve their impact even if they don’t have the capacity to do research work themselves.\n  5. Availability of tools for reform-oriented leaders. When a community leader sets out to address a pressing social need, there may not be an existing local organization that is prepared to take on the challenge. Scaled organizations can support these leaders by providing proven, scalable programs (and models) that can often be imported much more quickly and less expensively than building a new local organization from scratch.\n  6. National issue advocacy. Organizations spanning multiple cities and states are in a better position to raise national awareness of their issue and to engage with federal policy-makers and funding agencies. Scaled organizations also tend to have better-known brands that can be leveraged to drive more resources toward their issue, benefiting the sector as a whole.\n\nMission Challenges of Scaling\n\n  1. Lack of local saturation. While there is not always a direct trade-off between having greater impact in one community and expanding to serve another, organizations run the risk of finding their services stretched a mile wide and an inch deep. This can both drive up costs per unit of service and cause a lack of focus that undermines the organization’s ability to make meaningful progress on the issue in any of the communities it serves.\n  2. Commodification of place. Every community is distinct, yet scaling organizations can come to think of each replication site as just another dot on the map. The unique struggles facing these individual communities can be reduced and oversimplified, or lumped neatly into specious categories based on their surface-level similarities. This can have negative effects on local stakeholder engagement and can undermine the success of the organization’s stated mission.\n  3. Dependency on external funding sources. The dark side of the national attention and dollars that scaled organizations can bring to their issue is that they can create unsustainable structural deficits at the local level. Funders from outside the community often end up providing de facto subsidies for services that local stakeholders rely on, creating a potentially problematic dependency—especially if those national funding sources change in geographic focus.\n  4. Expansion funding trap. A related challenge is the temptation for a scaling organization to use new funds from expansion sites to backfill deficits in core operations. Expansion funding is typically much easier to secure than general operating funds and can mask underlying structural issues with an organization’s funding model, forcing it to grow in order to maintain its financial viability.\n  5. Unintended consequences for existing local nonprofits. Every community has existing organizations working to address social challenges that exist in balance with the local funding and resource base. The entrance of a new outside organization can upset the local ecosystem, disrupting resource streams for existing organizations in ways that could actually create a net decrease in services available for the community.\n  6. Missed opportunity for network leverage. The least expensive and least labor-intensive way for an organization to advance its mission in a new community is to enable existing organizations to do it for them. In their zeal to put boots on the ground, however, scaling organizations often don’t evaluate the full array of strategies available to them to have an impact within a community. Putting launch funding and energy into a partnership with (or merger with) an existing organization can often be more efficient and less operationally risky.\n\nBest Practices for Locally Beneficial Scaling\n\nIf scaling is defined as growing impact to solve social problems, then every organization should seek to scale, even if only within a city block. It is important, however, for organizations to be thoughtful about their scaling practices, especially when their scaling strategy involves expanding to serve new communities.\n\nThe driving principle in this thinking should be the local benefit of scaling activities, as measured by mission advancement within that community. Organizations practicing thoughtful, high-impact scaling should:\n\n  • Prioritize communities already served. Organizations should go as deep as they can and maximize all the vertical growth opportunities possible before considering horizontal growth to new communities.\n  • Spend time learning about potential expansion communities. The process of evaluating a new community for services should span many months (if not years) and should entail an open dialogue with all of the local stakeholders, including other nonprofit organizations with similar or related missions. Organizations should confirm that they are not duplicating good work already happening, even if the organizations doing it are at an earlier stage of development.\n  • Have a compelling rationale for being in every community. Starting a program that serves vulnerable populations is a major commitment that should be based on more than the availability of funding or an abstract desire to roll out nationally. Organizations should easily and clearly articulate the reasons they’ve chosen to serve a particular community and explain simply why their presence as a direct service provider is the most effective way—both in operations and cost—to advance their mission locally.\n  • Build meaningful partnerships with local stakeholders. Whether structured or informal, partnerships between local and national organizations should demonstrate the sincere interest of both parties in supporting each other to advance a shared mission. Scaling organizations should strive to be good neighbors that engage collaboratively with local communities.\n\n• • •\n\nLike any organizational mantra, the concept of scale in nonprofits deserves studied scrutiny, both within the organization and among its stakeholders. While the nonprofit sector has not produced anything remotely approaching the megalithic reach of leading multinational corporations, we should still think critically about how (or whether) we adopt their structures and approaches.\n\nThe greatest danger occurs when the primary motivation of an organization’s activities is an interest extrinsic to the community in which it is operating. As their top priority, Walmart and Burger King focus on maximizing overall corporate profit. There is nothing immoral about this: it is precisely what those organizations have been chartered to do. It does, however, necessarily subjugate the best interests of the local communities in which they operate, making them a secondary consideration.\n\nThere is much that nonprofit organizations can learn from the corporate sector, but we have a fundamentally different charter: we are required by law to benefit the public good. This requires us to invert the corporate priority structure, placing the best interest of local communities served as our highest priority. This means it is critical that organizations maintain that focus if and when they choose to scale.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.985297679901123}
+{"content": "skip to main content\n\nTitle: The paradox behind the pattern of rapid adaptive radiation: how can the speciation process sustain itself through an early burst?\n\nRapid adaptive radiation poses a distinct question apart from speciation and adaptation: what happens after one speciation event? That is, how are some lineages able to continue speciating through a rapid burst? This question connects global macroevolutionary patterns to microevolutionary processes. Here we review major features of rapid radiations in nature and their mismatch with theoretical models and what is currently known about speciation mechanisms. Rapid radiations occur on three major diversification axes – species richness, phenotypic disparity, and ecological diversity – with exceptional outliers on each axis. The paradox is that the hallmark early stage of adaptive radiation, a rapid burst of speciation and niche diversification, is contradicted by most existing speciation models which instead predict continuously decelerating speciation rates and niche subdivision through time. Furthermore, while speciation mechanisms such as magic traits, phenotype matching, and physical linkage of co-adapted alleles promote speciation, it is often not discussed how these mechanisms could promote multiple speciation events in rapid succession. Additional mechanisms beyond ecological opportunity are needed to understand how rapid radiations occur. We review the evidence for five emerging theories: 1) the ‘transporter’ hypothesis: introgression and the ancient origins of adaptive alleles, 2) the ‘signal complexity’ hypothesis: the dimensionality more » of sexual traits, 3) the connectivity of fitness landscapes, 4) ‘diversity begets diversity’, and 5) flexible stem/‘plasticity first’. We propose new questions and predictions to guide future work on the mechanisms underlying the rare origins of rapid radiation. « less\nAward ID's:\nPublication Date:\nJournal Name:\nAnnual review of ecology, evolution, and systematics\nSponsoring Org:\nNational Science Foundation", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.945572018623352}
+{"content": "Nutrition for Healthy Eyes\n\nThese nutrients help maintain eye function, protect your eyes against harmful light, and reduce the development of age-related degenerative diseases.\nHere are 9 foods that boost your eye health:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997694492340088}