Adaptations of machines or engines for special use and combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus and power stations or aggregates (F03B13)

F03B13                 Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus (if the apparatus aspects are predominant, see the relevant places for such apparatus, e.g. h02k0007180000); power stations or aggregates (hydraulic-engineering aspects e02b; incorporating only machines or engines of positive-displacement type f03c)(1079)

Floating coastal hydro-wave power plant // 2626188
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: floating coastal hydro-wave power plant that uses the energy of its body (1) rolling by waves and wind, contains cargoes (2) moving relative to the body (1), kinematically connected to the shafts of the electric generator rotors, to which end the cargo (2) bases are made along a circle arc and have the possibility of arc moving in the body (1). Cargo (2) is freely installed along and/or across the axis of the body (1) by its lateral cylindrical surfaces on parallel to them supporting rollers (5) with the possibility of the cargoes (2) stable orientation to the Earth's center in a vertical plane and their free rotation along the arch of their base when rolling the body (1) by waves and wind. The support rollers (5) are kinematically connected with the rotors and stators of the electric generators.EFFECT: providing effective power removal with a wide range of parameters and wave energy.25 cl, 22 dwg

ethod of obtaining electric power in operation of injection and development wells // 2623318
FIELD: oil and gas industry.SUBSTANCE: hydraulic motor and a power generator connected to it through a shaft are lowered on a suspension into the production string of the injection or development well down to a level below the static level of the fluid. The annular space between the bodies of the hydraulic motor and the power generator and the production string are closed by a packer. When the level in the well is increased or lowered by injecting or removing fluid out of the well, due to the fact that the dynamic level always tends to static, the fluid will drive the hydraulic motor and the power generator generating power supplied to the wellhead through an electric cable.EFFECT: reduction of energy costs and increased efficiency.2 cl, 2 dwg

Reactive hydroturbine // 2622685
FIELD: machine engineering.SUBSTANCE: reactive turbine consists of a lower shell, which is connected to the upper hull, a pipe line fixed to the lower hull, a hydraulic manifold, made in the form of a sealed chamber with blades of the first turbine. Inside the pipe there was pressed a copper pipe with a helicoidal thread, flared over its ends. In the upper part of the pipe, a slot nozzle is fixedly fixed, made in the form of a cylinder with rectangular slots in the upper part of the lateral surface of the cylinder. The nozzles and blades of the turbine of the rotor form a second turbine. The hydraulic collector with the power take-off shaft, the shaft, the cone surface of the rotor, the pipes, the supply nozzles, the second turbine form the turbine rotor. Pipes intended for supplying liquid are made with a helicoidal thread and fixed to the conical surface of the rotor during the rotation of the turbine rotor. The nozzles of the second turbine are rotatably mounted together with the turbine rotor.EFFECT: increase of energy efficiency of reactive water turbine.1 dwg

Run-of-river microhydro power plant // 2619966
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: invention is intended to provide the electrical power to the small settlements, camps of geologists, hunters, fishermen, logging companies, by conversion the river channel flows power into electrical power. Run-of-river microhydro power plant (microPP) includes a body 1 in the form of the cylindrical shell, consisting of two halves - the turbine 5 with the blades 7 and the engine room with the generator 27, closed from the ends by the non-rotating pull heads 2 and 3, connected rigidly by bolts 35 with circular heads 37 for the anchor rods 38 with delimiters. The axial turbine 5 is installed at the through hollow axle 4, having the internal thread at the ends for locked bolts 35.EFFECT: invention is directed to the development of the compact with simplified cylindrical body reliable microhydroPP for uninterrupted power supply to consumers.4 cl, 5 dwg

Gas-waterjet drive of wave power plant // 2619670
FIELD: power engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to marine power engineering and is intended for producing electric energy from sea waves. Gas-waterjet drive of a wave power plant includes inlet convergent nozzle 10, channel-pipe 12, gas supply pipe 13, device for supply and increasing the rate of air. Drive is equipped with a module-pontoon, which includes at least four gas-waterjet drives, each of which comprises an inlet grate, output knee 21, multiplier 18, electric generator 17 and rotor 16, which is arranged in the cavity of channel-pipe 12. Device for supply and increasing the rate of air is made in the form of chamber 14 coaxially placed around channel-pipe 12, in which there are holes 15 for passage of the atmospheric air. Rotor 16 is made in the form of a hollow screw pipe of rectangular cross section with horizontal shaft 20, from which the torque is transmitted to multiplier 18 increasing the RPM of electric generator 17.EFFECT: invention is aimed at the increase of power generation from a renewable energy source - sea waves and maintaining viability of hydrobionts.4 cl, 4 dwg
Navigation buoy with integrated power plant // 2617607
FIELD: transportation.SUBSTANCE: navigational buoy is proposed having streamlined sealed body divided into compartments, light-optical LED equipment located at the head of the body, solar power plant, consisting of a light-optical device, an autonomous power supply (battery) and rechargeable energy device with a mechanism to connect it to this source that converts thermal sun energy into electrical energy and placed inside the solar concentrator whose functions are performed by optical device based on a Fresnel lens, wave power plant, mounted inside the housing comprising a cylindrical container with a stator of a linear electric generator, on the axis of which the rod is moving in the guides; on the rod, the rotor with permanent magnets of the linear electric generator is mounted; at the end of the rod, a stabilizing ballast is installed, made hollow in the form of a float, the stator winding is connected to the charger input, the output of which is connected to the battery from which the light-optical equipment energised. One more solar power plant is introduced, made in the form of a sphere mounted on the perimeter of the LED emitter and connected to the battery.EFFECT: increases capacity of the navigational buoy power plant, simplified structure.1 dwg

Hydro-electric power-plant // 2617369
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: hydro-electric power plant contains mounted on the displacement base two hydraulic turbines 1, placed symmetrically about the longitudinal axis 4, along which its axis of rotation 3 is oriented, made with ability of reverse rotation, kinematically connected to the electric generator 5, the anchor device 6, ballast tanks 7. The rotors 2 of hydraulic turbines 1 are provided with screws 9 of variable pitch, the blades of which are arranged with ability of forced rotation. Displacement base is made streamlined. Along the longitudinal sides of the base the wells 12 are made. The hydraulic turbines 1 are installed at the ends of the towers 13, the second ends of which are provided with ballast 14. The towers 13 are passed through the wells 12 and mounted on the horizontal axis 15, with ability to swing in the wells 12 in the planes parallel to the axis 4. The ballast 14 weight, taking into account the size of the lower tower 13 is sufficient to hold the longitudinal tower axis 13 vertically at rotors 2 rotation.EFFECT: efficiency increase of flow power conversion into the power, that is used to rotate the generator.4 cl, 3 dwg

Wave electric system // 2617025
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: wave electric system comprises a supporting element, a water pressure sensing element made in the form of a ball-shaped float 8, with the ability to move it in a vertically fixed bar lattice 4, an electric generator 15. The float is connected to the toothed link with the possibility of turning movements around the axis 11. On the float 8 outer side a belt 10 of sliding along the vertical bars 5 of the grating 4 is fixed horizontally in a circumferential direction. The toothed link has the form of a circle in any cross-section.EFFECT: ensuring the operation of the wave electric system in case of any change in the waves direction.2 cl, 6 dwg

ethod of electric power generation by means of pressure conversion under water // 2616692
FIELD: power engineering.SUBSTANCE: high pressure under water in water body with deep water is converted to electric energy by means of present method. Plurality of pressure transducers is immersed in said water body. Each transducer has large compression chamber. Air volume is compressed under water in water body using high-pressure until compressed air under high pressure. Compressed air is supplied into expansion chamber, in which turbine is arranged. Turbine is rotated by means of compressed air. Turbine in its turn, rotates electric generator, connected to it, to provide electric power generation.EFFECT: thus, high pressure energy is converted into electric energy.9 cl, 9 dwg

Orthogonal turbine (versions) // 2616334
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: orthogonal turbine according to the first embodiment contains the curved along the cylindrical helical line, at least one blade with an aerofoil profile in its cross-section, at that the blade is mounted across riding on it the air or water flow with ability to rotate around the axis of the cylindrical helical line, and the input edge of the aerofoil profile is directed towards the blade rotation. The blades ends are fixed relatively to the shaft, mounted with ability to rotate, coaxially to the cylindrical helix coil axis and connected to the electric generator shaft, the blade ends are fixed relatively to the shaft by means of the cantilever beams. The shaft is formed by two half-shafts, each is connected with one of the cantilever beams and is mounted on its support, the blade is curved without intermediate supports along the cylindrical helix with a constant radius of curvature, so that in each cross section the aerofoil profile of the blade is formed at the acute angle to the circle tangential, traced by the entry edge of the blade airfoil profile, and that the blade ends are rotated relatively to each other by 360°. The second embodiment differs from the orthogonal turbine of the first embodiment in that, the blade is fixed relatively to the shaft with one of its ends by means of the cantilever beam, at that the shaft is mounted cantilevered at the support, the cantilever beam is provided with the counterweight of aerodynamic shape mounted cantilevered on the shaft.EFFECT: efficiency increase of the orthogonal turbines with airfoil blades by increasing the efficiency of the fluid power conversion, namely the water or wind flow power.2 cl, 3 dwg

Float block hydroelectric power plant based on the undershoot water wheels with active blades // 2616333
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power plant contains the identical blocks. Each of the blocks consists of a switchboard, floats, between which the frame with working channel tapered box is fixed and mounted undershoot water wheels with active blades on the parallel horizontal shafts, connected to the electric generator. The wheels are made as a set of coils with mutually perpendicular guide rails for the blades, dampers, limiters and balancing weights. The stepless control system is introduced, it contains mounted on the frame the intermediate and primary bumpers, the ramps, the axles with drop-down doors, the brackets with springs, providing the stretch of the ropes in the slugs of the flaps opening angle adjustment mechanism by the servo motor, mounted in the caisson tray, fixed on the frame. The floats are made in the form of sectional tanks with seacocks. Additionally, the compressor is introduced, it is connected to the caisson tray and the floats.EFFECT: creation of the environmentally friendly simple design, which allows to increase the volume of the power generation.7 dwg

Pendulum hydraulic wave electric current generator // 2615288
FIELD: electricity.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electricity and electrical machines, in particular, to electric current generators. Pendulum hydraulic wave electric current generator 1 comprises stator 2 and rotor, for which cores with coils and excitation system provide generation of electric current in free suspension of stator 2 in a floating vehicle. Floating vehicle is configured for cyclic oscillations by angle ±α during movement of water waves and performing same cyclic oscillations by generator 1 in transverse plane relative to vertical axis due to its constant orientation to centre of gravity of Earth. Axis 5 of suspension of stator 2 is aligned with axis of its free swinging and shifted relative to axis 5 of rotor rotation. Axes 5 and 7 are articulated via a system of gears.EFFECT: invention is aimed at increasing rotation frequency and power of electric current generated by generator with free rotation of rotor relative to stator.25 cl, 34 dwg

Device for stable underwater electric power transmission to drive high-speed engines or other underwater loads // 2614741
FIELD: electrical engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering. Device for stable underwater electric power transmission to drive high-speed engines or other underwater loads, e.g. pumps, compressors and control systems, represents rotary stepped frequency change device, more precisely, frequency increase or decrease rotary device; it comprises engine and generator functionally connected so, that engine drives generator; at least, one vessel filled with gas and/or liquid, in which, at least, one of engine and generator is arranged, wherein cable length is long, which means long enough, to cause problems due to Ferranti effect at frequencies and power levels, suitable for underwater pumps and compressors engines. Through lengthy cable device gets power supply at input at sufficiently low frequency to have stable transmission. Functionally connected to engine device, at output outputs electric current frequency, current and voltage, suitable for connected engines operation. Hydrocarbon fluid medium underwater pressure increase system or other fluid medium comprises said device.EFFECT: invention can be used in equipment for electric power transmission to underwater loads, located far from platform surface parts or from shore, requiring transmission of high power.15 cl, 7 dwg, 4 tbl
Surf hydroelectric power plant // 2613476
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: outer cylindrical rotor (11) rotates under the influence of straight surf stream. Pawls are engaged with teeth of ratchet wheel (12), torque is transmitted to inner cylindrical rotor (10). Through a shaft (9) and a mechanical gear (7), torque is transmitted to a flywheel (5), a vertical shaft (4) and a generator (3) which produces electric current. During the action of reverse surf stream, pawls out of engagement with teeth, and torque is not transmitted to the inner cylindrical rotor (10), and the latter continues to rotate by inertia due to the energy stored by the flywheel (5).EFFECT: provision of high efficiency of surf hydroelectric power plant.2 dwg
Downhole generator of rotating magnetic field // 2613353
FIELD: mining.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a downhole generator of a rotating magnetic field. Downhole generator of a rotating magnetic field comprises a stator unit including stationary cylindrical housing (1) and winding (20) arranged in the first area (L1) of housing (1) and a rotor unit including permanent magnet (10) arranged in the radial direction outside the winding and turbine rotor (8) arranged in the second area (L2) of housing (1), which in the axial direction is adjacent to area (L1). Rotor (8) and magnet (10) are rigidly interconnected along the axial direction and are arranged onto housing (1) on both ends of the rotor unit respectively through the first bearing and the second bearing. Housing (1) includes internal axial channel (18) and radial channel (22) arranged in its first area. To output the generated electric power and/or a generated electric signal used is electric conductor (21), which passes through a radial through hole with a seal and is connected to the winding.EFFECT: invention is aimed at increasing power and optimizing the configuration of the generator.9 cl, 1 dwg

River hydro wind power plant (hwpp) // 2612499
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: river hydro wind power plant includes the hydraulic structures: 1 dam, shut-off valves 4, hydro turbine 5, hydrogenerators of AC 6, wind turbines 9 and centrifugal pumps 7, the control units 12 of the maximum and minimum voltage for controlling the number of operating pumps 7. The shut-off valves 4 provide the required concentration of the water flow and height creation. Hydrogenerators 6 convert the power of moving water into the electrical power. The wind turbines 9 and pumps 7 provide the water lift from the downstream 3 to the upstream water 2. To transfer the mechanical power from the wind turbines 9 to the centrifugal pumps 7 the electrical transmission of the direct current is used.EFFECT: increase of the annual electric power production and reduction of its cost.1 dwg

Breakwater and caisson breakwater unit // 2611917
FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to a caisson breakwater and, in particular, to a caisson breakwater unit containing an oscillating water column. Unit 100 of a caisson breakwater has windward and leeward sides 110 and 120 and comprises an oscillating water column. Caisson breakwater comprises base 20 installed onto sea bottom 5 and cover 50 made able to be arranged over base 20. Base 20 makes a water intake on windward side 110 and additionally forms water oscillating chamber 21. Cover 50 forms breakwater section 52 on windward side 110, turbine chamber 51, at least one air duct 58 connected with chamber 51. Cover 50 has a built-in additional essentially tight chamber 57.EFFECT: group of inventions is aimed at creation of an improved breakwater structure.16 cl, 17 dwg

ethod of hydro-electric turbine system transportation // 2610746
FIELD: transport.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of water transport and concerns hydro-electric turbine system (12) transportation method, as well as vessel (10), suitable for use in said method implementing, wherein vessel includes section (28), which is made with possibility of lifting and which enables possibility of vessel passage over said hydro-electric turbine system (12) part (16) during location in dry dock filled with water, wherein said base (16) part protrudes above water level in dock.EFFECT: technical result consists in reduction of time consumption and complexity during hydro-electric turbine system installation for transportation to installation point.14 cl, 5 dwg

Screw-type wave power plant (versions) // 2608795
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to hydropower industry and can be used for generation of electric energy from wave motion in seas or oceans. Screw-type wave power plant comprises shafts with screw blades forming a single-or multiple-thread screws that are located at an angle to the flow, a base, a reduction gear, connecting the lower ends of shafts, cardan joints connecting upper end of one shaft with the generator, the upper end of the other shaft with the thrust bearing. Generator and bearing are connected to the supports. Flexible cables are used as shafts. Screw blades are made with positive buoyancy. Generator, reduction gear and thrust bearing are arranged on separate floating bases connected to the supports.EFFECT: group of inventions is aimed at increasing the efficiency and performance of a power plant.2 cl, 2 dwg

Turbine for transmission of electric data // 2608429
FIELD: electricity.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to turbine for transmission of electric data from one end of turbine to other end. Turbine (100) has first end (101) and second end (103). Ends (101) and (103) are opposite to each other. Turbine (100) comprises housing (104), shaft (102) located in centre of housing (104), engine (106), having a plurality of rotors, stators and bearings arranged between shaft (102) and housing (104), at least one non-conducting insulator, providing electrical insulation of shaft (102) and housing (104) from each other. Engine (106) is located between first end (101) and second end (103) of turbine (100). Non-conducting insulator is located between housing (104) and a plurality of rotors, stators and bearings or is located between shaft (102) and a plurality of rotors, stators and bearings.EFFECT: invention is aimed providing transmission of electric data signals.20 cl, 12 dwg

Floating structure fluid dynamic force use system and wind-propelled vessel // 2607713
FIELD: manufacturing technology.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a floating structure fluid dynamic force use system and a wind-propelled vessel which uses fluid dynamic force system. Floating structure fluid dynamic force use system comprises an assembly which extracts energy from wind or water, and a floating structure which supports assembly. Assembly comprises a wind receiving part which receives fluid dynamic force, and a support column which supports wind receiving part. Assembly is positioned with centre of gravity thereof below water line, is supported to be capable of tilting relative to floating structure using any of following elements: pin joint, a universal joint, a pillow ball-type spherical bearing, and an elastic body support mechanism provided therebetween. Assembly is supported rotatably around a centre axis of support column with respect to floating structure. At least wind force is used as fluid energy. Force-receiving part includes a wind-receiving part for receiving wind force in air. Support includes an upper support, supporting wind-receiving part and a lower support, supporting a ballast set below water, upper support and lower support are connected to each other coaxially rotatably relative to each other in a rigid state with respect to a centre axis of support with a bearing provided therebetween.EFFECT: invention is aimed at compensating for overturning moment and reducing tilting.17cl, 19 dwg
Plant for conversion of fluid flow into energy // 2606211
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to systems and devices for generation energy from water flow. Plant (12) for generation of electricity from water flow includes convergent section (14), mixing chamber (16), diffuser section (20) and tube (22) for placement inside water weight. Section (14) is connected to first end of chamber (16) so that Venturi device (18) is limited between section (14) end and chamber (16). Section (20) is connected to second end of chamber (16). Section (20) is made so that during operation pressure at section (20) output exceeds pressure in device (18). At least part of pipe (22) is located in section (14), so that annular space is limited between pipe (22) and section (14) to form first channel for flow passage. Pipe (22) forms second channel for flow passage inside pipe (22). Inside pipe (22) there is turbine (26) connected to generator (28).EFFECT: group of inventions is aimed at creation of plant for generation of large amount of energy from current water weight, especially in situations, in which there is a high volume flow rate of water at relatively low speed.32 cl, 12 dwg

Device and method of controlling or limiting rotor orbit in screw engines or pumps // 2605475
FIELD: mining.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions is related to drilling, i.e. to rotary drilling hydraulic drives installed in borehole. Assembly of hydraulic downhole motor comprises screw motor having near end and far end and comprising stator and rotor. Stator comprises metal case, first elastomer material arranged in metal case, and first rigid material, arranged radially and directed inward from and at least partially covering first elastomer material. Rotor contains metal core, second elastomer material, located around metal core, and second rigid material arranged around second elastomer material. Stator first rigid material contacts rotor second rigid material.EFFECT: enabling limiting of rotor geometric center displacement trajectory.12 cl, 21 dwg

Distributor of microhydropower plant // 2603882
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to small hydropower. Distributor of a microhydropower plant is formed by a set of lengthwise ribs forming a set of guide channels to feed accelerated water jets to the hydraulic turbine impeller blades and arranged in an annular space between the outer and the inner shells of the unit basic housing concentrically surrounding the multiplier and the electric generator. On the inner shell there is a fairing. Housing equipped with a confuser is made in the form of a truncated cone, the central cavity of which is formed by the inner cylindrical shell. Guide channels are made in the form of cone sectors with variable cross sections in the water flow direction. Bases of the cone are arcs of the external and internal shells circles, and lateral sides are lengthwise ribs, height of which decreases toward the water flow outlet to the hydraulic turbine impeller blades.EFFECT: invention is aimed at reducing radial dimensions and material consumption, at providing manufacturability and ease of maintenance of the microhydropower plant distributor.1 cl, 4 dwg

Floating coastal hydro wave power plant // 2603849
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydro wave power industry. Floating coastal hydro-wave power plant comprises electric current generators installed in a hold, providing generation of electric current during cyclic turns-swings of rotor or stator due to inclination of housing of floating means by angle of ±α by front of waves arriving thereat. Generators are installed with possibility of free rolling on fixed in various combinations across or along axis of housing of floating means pairs of parallel toothed racks with horizontal arrangement of teeth, engaged with reversible and/or non-reversible gears fitted in various combinations on ends of housings of generators and at ends of shafts of their rotors. Number of generators installed on racks can be more than one, due to joining of ends of their shafts with binding plates, and generators and racks can be installed in housing of floating vehicle in several tiers.EFFECT: high efficiency of electric power generation.23 cl, 12 dwg

Floating coastal hydro wave power plant // 2603847
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydro wave power industry. Floating coastal hydro wave power plant includes electric current generators, providing generation of electric current at stators cyclic turns-swings by waves at angle of ±α. Rotors gravity centers are offset below their swing axis. Rotors or stators are fixed in floating vehicle in one or more tiers. At installation of generators in floating vehicle along its hull axis their swing axis is aligned with floating vehicle hull longitudinal axis, sectors of stator and associated sectors of rotor are diverted to hull boards, and floating vehicle is turned by board to waves approach front and fixed with anchors. At generators installation in floating vehicle frontally to its hull longitudinal axis with their swing axis perpendicular to this axis generator arc sectors radius and height are made with due allowance for filling of whole space in hull, floating vehicle is turned by bow or stern to waves approach front and fixed with anchors.EFFECT: technical result is increased efficiency of electric power generation.21 cl, 9 dwg

Hydraulic system of one basin tidal power plant with water engine with blade variable geometry // 2599012
FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic construction and hydraulic power engineering. Device is intended for technological generating head in tide water area between sea and basin cut by a dam, and passage of water flow through four power unit water conduits with sequentially installed in three rows on 4 inexpensive and easily changeable water engines with variable blade geometry, in order to head of tide water column can be used for many times. Device comprises floating tidal power plant units sequentially arranged for multiple use of water flow, dead floating units of cut-off dam, flow-through floating units, fish-ways, navigation pass (lock) or flow-through construction coupling dams, road along the dam and gantry cranes for lifting equipment. Device comprises building power unit 1, which is included in head dam front installed after its remaining life by a tidal power plant building, as well as in addition to operating tidal power plant buildings to increase power by means of temporary guards of a dam repaired section by floating units, to ensure operating other tidal power plant buildings in standard conditions during one tidal power plant building disassembly. Building power unit 1 is collected in the place of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements 1-0 in building, having a machinery room in the centre and two water conduits 1-7 adjoining at both sides, having two-four water engines 1-1 with variable blade geometry. Water engines axis are located at the level of ocean surface at maximum low tide (mark 0.00). Basin bottom has water guide channel 5 to water engines, deepened to the blade height. Water guide channel 5 is a fish-way for fish passage during the maximum low tide.EFFECT: invention allows replacing damaged dam cutoff units of head front and buildings of operating tidal power plants without deterioration of operating other sections of the dam by inexpensive means, replacing outdated expensive types of turbines for cheap, quickly changable water engines with variable blade geometry, as well as increasing capacity of existing tidal power plants, applying new materials and new methods of construction for tidal dams taking into account engineering development.4 cl, 12 dwg

ethod and station of hydrodynamic wave energy conversion on slope // 2598922
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to use of wave energy to drive hydraulic generators. Method of conversion of hydrodynamic wave energy on slope includes operations of location of hydraulic generator in the vicinity of wave below the level of rest, gripping and progression of flows and slope wave to input of hydraulic generator, forming active head on it by means of station with booster. Coordinates of point are calculated with maximum flow speed at its impact on slope during wave progression and located around the station. Operating pressure on hydro generator is formed using energy of water flows flowing over station.EFFECT: group of inventions is aimed at reduction of energy losses, increased operating head, higher efficiency, simplified design and high sensitivity to small waves height, extended power, reduced number of mechanical elements.8 cl, 4 dwg

Hydrodynamic wave energy conversion station on slope // 2598921
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the use of waves energy to drive hydraulic generators. Hydrodynamic wave energy conversion station on a slope comprises a hydraulic circuit with two opposite convergent inputs, a gate of double action, a tubular branch with a hydraulic generator and a booster at its output. Booster is composed as an evacuated diffuser nozzle with an outer fairing and a removable apron with a water-jet ejector of double supply and a transition channel. Cross section area of the transit channel in opposite directions from its suction chamber above the diffuser nozzle is increased. Station is equipped with a corrector of its location on the slope and a regulator of steepness of the slope.EFFECT: invention is aimed at simplified design, higher reliability of the station, increased efficiency.1 cl, 4 dwg

River ice hydro-electric power plant // 2597732
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to design devices for electric power generation by hydraulic energy of river flow covered with ice. River ice hydroelectric plant includes impeller 1 and generator 4. Wheel 1 is immersed in water flow under ice cover of the river. Blade wheels 1 allow water flow energy conversion into mechanical energy of rotation of rims 1. Wheel 1 via shaft 10 fitted in cylindrical housing 2 on bearings and coupled with generator 4. Housing 2 is vertically fixed in ice cover so that its top part together with generator 4 is arranged above the surface of ice cover. Housing top part 2 is made with formation of mounting disc 5. To disc 5 is rigidly connected generator 4, three mounting lugs 3 located in horizontal plane and arranged relative to each other at an angle of 120 degrees. Free ends of tabs 3 protrude beyond the circle of disc 5 and are made so that holes for screws, which also includes the plant.EFFECT: invention is aimed at creation of simple hydro-electric power plant for its use on the river, covered with ice.2 cl, 2 dwg

Sea wave plant // 2597713
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to alternative power engineering and is intended for use in the coastal area of large water areas. Sea wave plant comprises a support element in the form of vertical screw pile 1 with damper 2 at its end, made with the possibility of vertical movement of float 10 with attached rod 8 of piston pump 7, surrounded by vertical grate 4, pipelines, valves. Pump 7 is installed in the upper section of grate 4, the lower part of which is attached to pile 1. In the upper part of piston pump 7 there are holes protected with splash-proof cap 14.EFFECT: disclosed is a simplified design of a sea wave energy plant.3 cl, 5 dwg

Alternative hydroelectric power plant // 2597378
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to constructions for electric power generation from renewable sources. Alternative hydroelectric power plant contains reservoir of the upper pond 2, structure to place it at necessary height, which contains a building with an engine room, hydraulic turbine, a device to feed water to hydraulic turbine, wind motor 7 with vertical rotation axis, reservoir tail 1. Water head creates balanced tape water-lifting installation, driven by wind energy, starting from the low speed wind. For arrangement of reservoir of the upper pond 2 at necessary height, providing water head, one uses steel, reinforced concrete frame or other structure.EFFECT: invention is aimed at creation of alternative hydroelectric power plant, which uses balanced tape water-lifting installation, driven by wind energy, starting from the low speed wind, ensuring water lifting on the required height to create pressure required for operation of hydraulic turbines.1 cl, 6 dwg

Wave pump for use in small water turbines // 2597342
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering. Wave pump for accumulation of potential water energy to lift water to height using coastal wave energy in small hydroturbines comprises cylindrical turret with a piston-cylinder pair inside, inlet and outlet valves, support. Pump comprises cylindrical superstructure above turret with needle bearing between superstructure and turret, lever connected with holder on superstructure. One lever end is connected with piston in turret via con-rod, guide piston and rod. On axis of other end of lever is a bogie with keel and cylinders on axes of rotation at edges of bogie.EFFECT: invention shortens energy transportation path and provides easier maintenance.1 cl, 6 dwg

Damless hps with forced stream acceleration (versions) // 2596478
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to hydraulic power engineering and can be used for obtaining electric energy from hydraulic flows, including at low speed of water movement. In version of single unit device comprises storage water vessel filled with flow, accelerating device, turbine installed in vessel and connected via reduction gear with generator. Acceleration device is represented by rotary vane flow breaker connected by pull rod with float water level controller in vessel. When incoming water reaches specified level controller by means of pull rod connected with spring-loaded thrust, releases for movement switch blade and portion of water in the form of hydraulic pulse is transmitted on to turbine. Water level falls, controller releases thrust from tension which under spring action returns to initial position, stopping blade of turned flow switch for creating water reserve. In version of several modular devices installed in flow, their turbines are integrated with common shaft and connected via multiplexer to electric generator, and their float water level controllers in vessels are installed at different levels, which provides their series connection.EFFECT: higher efficiency of damless HPS.4 cl, 2 dwg

Energy storage devices and methods // 2592944
FIELD: energy. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to accumulating electric power plant, as well as to a method of energy accumulation. Pumped power plant includes at least one first and separated from second accumulating tank (11, 12), one pipeline (17, 18) of pumped gas, which is laid in first and second accumulating tank (11, 12) and which is connected with power and/or working machine pumped gas power plant or can be connected via switched valves and device (13) adapted to control expansion of pumped gas (4, 6) of one accumulating tank (11, 12) transfer expanded pumped gas into another accumulating tank (11, 12). Power and/or working machine (21, 22) of pumped gas is configured to generate specified pressure of pumped gas (4, 6) of various size in first and second accumulating tank (11, 12). Pumped power plant includes expansion machine injected gas to recoil energy to power supply network only by means of expansion of pumped gas. EFFECT: group of inventions is aimed at effective accumulation of large amounts of energy. 7 cl, 2 dwg

Expanding turbine operating on basis of cryogenic liquid // 2592691
FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an expansion turbines, operating on basis of cryogenic liquid. Turbine comprises turbine wheel (6) mounted on rotary shaft (8), at least one radial inlet (12) for cryogenic liquid to be expanded in expansion turbine, and dry gas sealing means (30) at a position along rotary shaft (8) between turbine wheel (6) and bearings (20 and 22). There is thermal barrier member (70) between turbine wheel (6) and dry gas sealing means (30), gas chamber (76) on dry gas sealing means (30) side of thermal barrier member (70), and inlet (78) for cryogenic gas into said gas chamber (76). EFFECT: use of invention is aimed at improving operating reliability of gas turbine. 21 cl, 3 dwg

Apparatus and method for generation of energy from fluid flow // 2592660
FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to apparatus and method for generation of energy from fluid flow. Installation for mounting across water formation using pressure drop from pressure side to downstream side for electricity generation using water flow, comprises set of elements located at distance from each other. Each element defines extended flow channel and comprises pressure side and elongated downstream side. Each element is equipped with row of holes arranged along its length, and downstream side, passing and converging in direction of flow. Elements are arranged side by side so that opposite walls of adjacent elements define Venturi zone and first section of diffuser passing downstream of Venturi zone. Plant also includes flow channel, having inlet and outlet, turbine, arranged in flow channel, and generator connected to turbine. Flow channels are connected to outlet hole of flow channel so that water flow through Venturi zone makes water drawing in through channel flow outside via holes by resulting flow actuating turbine. EFFECT: group of inventions is aimed at improved operation. 27 cl, 31 dwg

Wave power plant // 2592094
FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for generation of electric energy from wave motion in seas and oceans. Wave power plant comprises a platform on pontoons with electric generator and rod with gear. On platform with help of stands there is an arc-like gear rocker. Rod is fixed on platform by means of movable joint. Lower end of rod located in water is equipped with load, and to upper end of rod is fixed a stator generator. Gear to whose axis is attached a generator rotor is pressed to surface of arched gear yoke with arc radius equal to radius of turn of rod on its hinge. EFFECT: invention is aimed at maximum adaptation of wave power plant to intensity of sea disturbance. 3 cl, 3 dwg

System and method for hydro-electric turbine // 2591970
FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: system 10 comprises a base B, a turbine T, mounted on base B, and a frame having an opening permitting frame to be advanced around turbine mounted on base B of turbine T via opening. Frame comprises a set of connectors 28 to engage with said base so as to enable lifting of turbine T and base B as a single unit. EFFECT: group of inventions is aimed at simplification of lifting system and faster operation. 19 cl, 8 dwg

ethod of accumulating and generating electric power from alternative sources, including energy of explosives, as well as accumulation of energy from underloaded generating facilities // 2591359
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: substance of invention is similar to function of HPSPP and is intended for accumulating energy of alternative sources, as well as energy from underloaded generating facilities, for covering peak loads in electric networks and supporting networks from wind power plants during shortage or absence of their power. Energy from alternative sources and energy of underloaded generating facilities is converted pneumatically by compressor into compressed air, which forces out water through cavity of accumulating container. Container directed to water surface, is held at a depth of braking system to complete gaining of power. Upon gaining full power, braking system is braked, and container is directed upward to surface, which leads to overflow of ropes from upper block to lower block. Energy of overflow of ropes is tapped by extreme blocks of upper container, and on shaft, torque via reduction gear is transmitted to generator that generates electric power. In upper dead point there is air or gas release from explosion, which leads to overflow of ropes in reverse direction and electric power generation.EFFECT: in this technology, electric energy can be generated by using energy of explosive substances, wherein water from accumulating container is forced out by gas from explosive.1 cl, 1 dwg

Wind-water power plant // 2587731
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for driving of various devices, as well as for electric power generation. UVGSU comprises blades, changing their position relative to direction of wind or water flow, specifically: in working phase blades are installed perpendicular to direction of wind or water flow, creating maximum torque, and in idle phase are installed along direction of wind or water flow to create minimum resistance at back stroke, thus providing high coefficient of use of wind and water energy. UVGSU includes blades installed on periphery, on buckles connecting rims located at a certain distance on hinges and can rotate relative to axis o coupling until resting on supports mounted on upper and lower discs for low-power plants or on pipe connecting drives, for high-power units, having possibility of back-and-forth movement, supports are driven by cams rigidly seated on a stand and a spring located in housing of support. When blade is located at top, opposite wind or water flow, located along, supports are pulled out and blade is laid on supports. At further rotation together with supports, a blade is installed perpendicular to flow of water or wind, operating in part of trajectory as sail, creating maximum torque. At further rotation supports, falling in cavities of cams and by springs get out of contact, and blade, while remaining without support, goes into free float, being articulated on brace. At further rotation blade, with the help of wind or water flow, is set on wind or along water flow to create minimum resistance at back stroke.EFFECT: devices UVGSU can be collapsible and portable for tourists, geologists, fishermen since apparatus with small dimensions generates high power.4 cl, 9 dwg

Axial hydraulic turbine // 2587396
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: axial hydraulic turbine comprises distributor with inner case 2 mounted on shaft 11, impeller 5 arranged in chamber 6 with blades 7 of curvilinear shape, fixed on case 8, stream equalising part made of coaxial outer housing 18 and internal housing in form of bushing 19 and blades 20 of bent shape, by one ends secured on bushing 19, and other connected with external casing 18 by threaded joints 21. Front parts of blades 20 are directed against rotation of impeller 5 and rear parts are parallel to shaft 11 axis. Stream equalising part by one end of outer housing 18 is connected with chamber 6 of impeller 5, nearby housing 8 of which there is bushing 19 is mounted by one end with rigidly fixed drop-like cone 22 on other end, and by other end of outer housing 18 is connected with catch-water part 17.EFFECT: invention allows increasing efficiency of axial hydraulic turbine.1 cl, 8 dwg

Submersible free-flow microhydroelectric power plant // 2585161
FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydroelectric power, specifically to design of free-flow microhydro power plants converting kinetic energy of free flow of water into electricity. Submersible free-flowing microhydro power plant includes blades 3, a sealed electric generator connected with hydraulic turbine with horizontal rotation axis. On shaft of hydraulic turbine 1 is rigidly installed frame 2, to which orthogonal blade 3 is mounted. Upper part of blade 3 is fixed with help of sliding bearing 4. Bottom is fixed by means of spring 5, one side of which is installed in frame 2, and other in blades 3.EFFECT: invention is aimed at improvement of blades of orthogonal turbine in order to increase resistance to vibrations, higher efficiency of free-flow submersible microhydro power plant.1 cl, 1 dwg

Wave-powered injector and method to inject fluids with its help // 2584743
FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention is related to injectors powered by wave energy. The injector comprises a submersible cylinder 102 fixed to the bottom of the water zone. The cylinder 102 is fitted by a hole 106. The cylinder 102 is affected by a submerged float 114. The submerged float 114 is made so that to hold the cylinder 102 vertically in the water. A surface float 126 is made so that it floats on the water surface in its operating condition in order to move up and down in the water in accordance with the wave movement and tidal movement. An elongated element 118 goes down from the float 126. The element 118 enters the hole 116 in a telescopic way to form a delivery chamber 148 inside the cylinder 102. The volume of the chamber 148 is changed along with the wave movement in delivering cycle in order to suck fluid into the chamber 148 while the element 118 goes up and discharge the fluid from the chamber 148 while the element 118 goes down. The length of the chamber 148 is changed depending on the tidal movement. The element 118 occupies the most of the cross-section area of the hole 116 at the section where the element 118 is drawn into the hole 116.EFFECT: invention is aimed at design simplification.20 cl, 7 dwg

aximum increase of energy extraction from moving fluid mediums // 2583181
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the method and the system for energy extraction from the moving fluid mediums. In the method of extraction of mechanical energy from the moving mass of the fluid medium, the fluid medium enters the encapsulating agent. The slowing-down device reduces the speed of the encapsulated fluid medium almost to zero speed, passing completely or almost completely all mechanical energy initially in the entering fluid medium to the slowing-down agent.EFFECT: invention is aimed at increase of amount of extracted energy.19 cl, 16 dwg
iniature hydroelectric station // 2582714
FIELD: power engineering.SUBSTANCE: claimed miniature electric power station with the hydraulic turbine horizontal axis integrated the electric generator arranged in the single basic housing. It incorporates the stator, rotor, output waterproof cable and vaned hydraulic turbine articulated with the rotor via step-up gearing. Said turbine includes the wheel 31, vanes 32, feed chamber, cowl, stator and straightener blades. Said electric generator represents the reversible design. The stator is shaped to the sleeve 9 accommodating the laminated core 10 with winding 11 and fitted on the stator fixed shaft 13 rigidly connected with the basic body. The rotor is shaped to the ring 23 with permanent magnets 24 arranged in its inner surface around said core 10 to make the radial working clearance and rigidly secured from both side to the rotor bearing discs 25, 26 resting via the bearings on the shaft 13. Hence, the rotor hollow body is composed to house the core 10 with winding 11.EFFECT: decreased overall dimensions and material input, higher reliability and power output per unit weight, longer life.7 cl, 1 dwg

ethod of testing of hydro-electric turbine // 2581260
FIELD: electricity.SUBSTANCE: method of testing of hydro-electric turbine 10 containing a stator and a rotor located with the possibility of rotation inside the stator, has the following stages: a turbine 10 securing on a transportation ship 18, the turbine 10 and ship 18 transportation to an open water space, the turbine 10 location such that the rotor is submerged, and the transport ship 18 and turbine 10 transportation by water such that to ensure the rotor rotation.EFFECT: assurance of the possibility of the turbine operability identification prior to installation and securing on the sea bed.15 cl, 2 dwg

Wave power system // 2580994
FIELD: energy; construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydrotechnical structures for power generation and simultaneous protection of shore from storms. Wave power complex is arranged in water with properties of electrolyte in zone of wave motion. Complex comprises converting elements 1, electrically connected to each other in parallel. Every element 1 is made as electric current generator and comprises bearing base 3, magnetic system of permanent magnets 2 arranged on basis 3, protective plate 4, current collector and current-collecting bus 5. Current collector is made in form of contact-rectifier module 6 with paired connecting terminals, made with possibility of being connected to terminals of adjacent elements 1 with aligned polarity. Magnetic system is covered from above plate 4 of dielectric with buses 5. Ends of one bus 5 are connected to terminals of positive polarity module 6, and ends of second bus 5 are connected to terminals of negative polarity. Polarity of magnets 2 arranged along edges of the base 3 and oriented along longitudinal axes of buses 5, is same and opposite to polarity of magnets 2 located between buses 5.EFFECT: simplified design and provision of direct conversion of wave energy into electrical one.4 cl, 5 dwg

obile wave power plant // 2580251
FIELD: power engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydropower industry and can be used for generation of electric energy from wave motion in large water reservoirs, seas or oceans. Mobile wave power plant comprises floating platform with a wave-receiving chamber connected with air duct and air turbine connected to electric generator. Wave-receiving chamber is made in the form of v-shaped extended along the wave front of the tunnel with side walls inclined lower plane at its input and with spring-loaded valve at the output of the narrow part of tunnel connected with air duct, connected to the storage of compressed air. Output of the storage is connected to air turbine. Platform comprises a cavity filled with water to create controlled buoyancy. Platform is connected with the support by means of flexible cables.EFFECT: invention is aimed at creation mobile, simple design, maximum using energy of waves.3 cl, 2 dwg

Device for conversion of mechanical energy of water medium movement into electric energy // 2579794
FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering and can be used for conversion of mechanical energy of water medium motion into electric energy. The device for conversion of mechanical energy of water medium motion 3 into electric energy contains a support 4, a sealed flexible strip panel 1, attached to a support 4, 1 elements converting mechanical impact on strip panel into electric signals which are embedded into fabric of the flexible strip panel 1, elements converting these electric signals into unipolar electric current which are embedded into fabric of the flexible strip panel 1, and electric current is supplied to the consumer. The whole flexible strip panel 1 has buoyancy and it is placed from below up in the water medium, being kept by the base 4.EFFECT: invention is aimed at providing free interaction of the device with the fluid water medium.1 dwg


Puttanesca Pasta

This is a delicious, easy, savory dish.  It is one of my favorite dishes to make when I haven’t been to the grocery in awhile and am short on fresh produce.  All of the items are usually in my pantry including the canned tomatoes.  Note that this recipe makes 2-3 servings (this is not one that my kids love…the flavors are just a little too much!).

Puttanesca Pasta (Serves 2)

1 lb whole wheat thin spaghetti or angel hair

4-6 slices bacon, cooked and chopped

1 can fire roasted tomatoes with garlic (you could use fresh roma tomatoes instead if you have them)

12 kalamata olives, quartered

1/2 tsp capers

1/4 tsp red pepper flakes

1/2 tsp minced garlic (bottled or fresh)

salt and pepper

feta or parmasean cheese

fresh basil

Cook the bacon in a skillet until cooked through (appx 5 min per side on med-high heat).  Remove bacon to cool, chop and set aside).  Discard some but not all of the bacon grease.  To bacon pan, add tomatoes (do not drain), kalamata olives, capers, garlic, and red pepper flakes (crumble in between your fingers to bring out the heat). Simmer on medium for 10-15 minutes or until sauce cooks down a bit.  Add bacon into the tomato mixture just before serving.  Serve over bed of thin spaghetti or angel hair.  Top with crumbled feta or shredded parmasean and chopped fresh basil.  The sweet basil flavor is a great complement to the savory. smokey sauce so don’t be shy with it.


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Loss Prevention Manager

Plan and implement ways to stop shoplifting and other forms of theft.
$68,790 - $126,260

What does a Loss Prevention Manager do?

Shoplifting and employee theft are a thorn in the side of business owners. Not only do they skim profits from the company, but they can also result in higher product prices for the consumer. Many businesses find it a good investment to hire someone who can recommend and implement techniques that reduce this type of loss for the company. That person is you, the Loss Prevention Manager.nnYou have a variety of tasks in your position as the Loss Prevention Manager. But your main goal is to prevent theft, so you focus on procedures and company policies that make it difficult for thieves to succeed. For example, as a Loss Prevention Manager, you attach sensors to clothing, or install cameras to observe shoppers from a remote location. You also train employees about shoplifting so they can identify suspicious behavior.nnUnfortunately, employees themselves are often tempted to steal anything from paperclips to petty cash to private customer data. They do this not only by walking out of the store with products, but also by manipulating the system. For instance, they might ring up a sale at a discounted price for a friend, or exchange a more expensive product for a returned item. So you review transaction histories, interview employees, and help identify fraudulent behavior.nnWhether the theft is carried out by an employee or a customer, you’re part of the team that responds to it. You detain shoplifters and call the police. You might even walk the floor, act as a Security Guard at the store entrance, or observe the action through video cameras in the office.n
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Dr. Chen, Steve S.-L. ’s Lab陳士隆 博士 實驗室

Hepatitis C virus subverts human choline kinase-α to bridge PI4KIIIα and NS5A and upregulates PI4KIIIα activation, thereby promoting the translocation of the ternary complex to the ER for viral replication

Journal of Virology, May 31, 2017

In this study, we elucidated the mechanism by which human choline kinase-α (hCKα) interacts with nonstructural protein (NS)5A and phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase (PI4K)IIIα, the lipid kinase crucial for maintaining the integrity of virus-induced membranous webs, and modulates hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. hCKα activity positively modulated PI-4-phosphate (PI4P) levels in HCV-expressing cells, and hCKα-mediated PI4P accumulation was abolished by AL-9, a PI4KIIIα-specific inhibitor. hCKα colocalized with NS5A and PI4KIIIα or PI4P, NS5A expression increased hCKα and PI4KIIIα colocalization, and hCKα formed a ternary complex with PI4KIIIα and NS5A, supporting the functional interplay of hCKα with PI4KIIIα and NS5A. PI4KIIIα inactivation by AL-9 or hCKα inactivation by CK37, a specific hCKα inhibitor, impaired the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization and colocalization of these three molecules. Interestingly, hCKα knockdown or inactivation inhibited PI4KIIIα-NS5A binding. In an in vitro PI4KIIIα activity assay, hCKα activity slightly increased PI4KIIIa basal activity but greatly augmented NS5A-induced PI4KIIIa activity, supporting the essential role of ternary complex formation in robust PI4KIIIα activation. Concurring with the upregulation of PI4P production and viral replication, overexpression of active hCKα-R (but not the D288A mutant) restored PI4KIIIα and NS5A translocation to the ER in hCKα stable knockdown cells. Furthermore, active PI4KIIIα overexpression restored PI4P production, PI4KIIIα and NS5A translocation to the ER and viral replication in CK37-treated cells. Based on our results, hCKα functions as an indispensable regulator that bridges PI4KIIIα and NS5A and potentiates NS5A-stimulated PI4KIIIα activity, which then facilitates the targeting of the ternary complex to the ER for viral replication.

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Johns Hopkins team finds ’ancestral’ hepatitis-C virus at the root of evolution in infections

Scientists discover how virus evades immune system in acute and chronic infections; new vaccines may result

Researchers at Johns Hopkins have uncovered how a majority of the genetic changes in the hepatic-C virus, the most common cause of liver disease, allow it to evade the body’s immune system during infection. Hepatitis C infection can lead to cirrhosis, cancer and even death. In a series of experiments that describe the virus’ transition from an acute to chronic infection, the Hopkins team found that one-half of the virus’ changes in its genome are in sites under attack by the body’s immune system. As the virus evolves and these changes weaken the body’s immune response, a second set of changes at other sites in the genome are reverting back to an "ancestral" set of amino acids.

"We think this piecemeal exchange is helping the virus evade the body’s immune system," says study investigator and infectious disease specialist Stuart Ray, M.D., an associate professor at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. "In a newly infected person, the virus may need to adopt new mutations to escape recognition by the immune system’s T cells, which fight infection, but it may need to lose the mutations that had protected it in someone else. Despite pressure to change, the virus is always is restoring its shape."

The Hopkins findings, published in a pair of studies in the Journal of Experimental Medicine this week, are believed to be the first description of the precise genetic changes taking place in the virus during the acute phase of infection, when hepatitis C initially escapes the body’s defenses and establishes itself in the body. As the infection moves into the chronic stage, the immune response becomes weak and less effective, but until now, no one could explain exactly why.

A second, related experiment produced similar findings when the Hopkins team partnered with researchers in Ireland to perform what is believed to be the first comparison of genetic changes across multiple genes in strains from chronically infected people to the original strain that infected them.

Ray, who served as senior investigator on the first study and led the second, believes the newly identified ancestral component of the viral genome, called a consensus sequence, could serve as the basis for development of a vaccine that is effective against both acute and chronic infections, thereby stemming the epidemic that currently afflicts more than 170 million people worldwide, including 3 million Americans.

"Hepatitis C is extremely difficult to treat if it becomes chronic," says infectious disease specialist Andrea Cox, M.D., Ph.D., an assistant professor at Hopkins who was lead author of the first study. "While approximately 30 percent of patients have a strong enough immune response to rid themselves of the virus during the acute phase, and current treatments are 90 percent effective at treating any remaining acute infections, these treatments are only 50 percent effective against chronic infections, which otherwise persist for life and can cause death."

According to Cox, the hepatitis C virus naturally mutates, or alters its genome, very rapidly. Its strains have two to three times more genetic variability, for example, than HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, and hepatitis C reproduces more than 100 billion times per day, 100 times faster than HIV. Compounding the problem, the infection is asymptomatic in the acute stage, making it less likely that diagnosis will be made early, when it is easiest to treat.

Conventional wisdom, the researchers say, was that the large numbers of mutations were simply random in the virus’ ever-changing genome, but the new study suggests that Darwinian genetic selection is at play. That is, the virus’ genome changes in ways that make it more reproductively "fit" in the face of each immune system it encounters, changing what is must to evade the immune system in one host, then restoring itself when the pressure is off.

What Ray’s team found when the immune response weakens was that the virus naturally mutates toward a set of 3,000 common amino acids, what the researchers considered the virus’ most preferred state. During the acute phase, Ray says, the virus is under severe pressure from the immune response and forced to drift away from the consensus sequence, using mutations to evade the immune response. However, the drift was reversible and, once the virus successfully evaded a particular immune cell, its amino acids reverted back to the consensus set.

To assess the genetic changes in the early stages of infection, the researchers decoded, or sequenced, the virus’ genome, made up of RNA, which is very similar to the more widely known DNA that makes up the genome of most organisms. The RNA was gathered from eight newly infected patients in Baltimore, Md., all of whom were offered treatment and were participants in a larger study of infectious diseases in intravenous drug users. The sample group was unusual, allowing analyses before and during the early stages of infection. One patient self-recovered, while the rest proceeded to chronic infection.

Using advanced blood-sorting techniques, the Hopkins team extracted millions of immune system cells, including the systems’ principal fighters, called T cells, from blood samples taken between 30 days and six months after infection, when the body’s initial immune response kicks in and subsequently peaks.

Immune responses were mapped using a series of more than 500 overlapping synthetic peptides, or strings of amino acids whose code was already known. This allowed the researchers to compare changes observed in the RNA sequence to corresponding shifts in the body’s immune response to the infection.

When specifically recognized by T cells, the peptides trigger production of interferon gamma, a protein that acts as a signal to many other immune cells to respond to a new infection. Reductions in the production of interferon gamma would indicate, the scientists say, that the immune system was weakening in its response to the virus’ mutations.

After analyzing the genetic changes in the sites, called epitopes, where the T cells specifically bind to the virus, the researchers found no changes had occurred during the one year of follow-up in the one patient who self-recovered. However, in the remaining seven patients, there were changes in 69 percent of T-cell epitopes, showing that the virus had mutated at key locations necessary for chronic infection to proceed.

Additional analysis showed that changes in T-cell epitopes were 13 times more frequent than changes in the remaining genome of the virus. The researchers examined the binding ability of T cells obtained early in infection to recognize 10 viral peptides known to have changed during the first six months of infection. Eight showed severely reduced capacity to stimulate production of interferon gamma, offering confirmation that the virus was mutating to evade the immune system.

Analysis of the viral RNA in the blood of seven patients with chronic infections revealed that eight of 16 changes in genome matched to the consensus sequence, confirming the presence of selective evolutionary pressure toward restoration of an ancestral form of the virus.

In the second study, using blood samples collected in Cork, Ireland, the researchers compared the genetic makeup of the virus in 22 chronically infected women to the original strain that had infected them more than 20 years before. The women were among hundreds accidentally infected in 1977 by a blood product tainted with hepatitis C, providing the researchers with unique access to the source of the infection, which came from a single donor unaware of having the illness.

Using computer analysis techniques developed at Hopkins, the scientists mapped these changes against the genetic makeup of the women’s immune response. The researchers found that when viral mutations were clustered in epitopes specific to each woman’s immune system, the changes were directed away from the consensus sequence, suggesting immune escape. However, when mutations were clustered in epitopes that were not specific, the mutations were reversions back to the consensus sequence.

When the individual genome changes in each woman were mapped on a grid, each woman formed a unique cluster indicating individual, evolutionary selection. However, some of the changes were shared, suggesting convergence, which would not have occurred had the virus simply mutated at random.

"Our results raise the possibility that a hepatitis-C consensus sequence could be the best practical option for a vaccine," says infectious disease specialist David Thomas, M.D., a professor of medicine at Hopkins who served as senior author of the study of Irish women. "If we can focus vaccine development on the common genetic element in chronically infected patients, then we may be able to make a more effective vaccine."

Funding for these studies, which took place from January 2002 to January 2005, was provided by the National Institutes of Health, including the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, and the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Other Hopkins investigators in this research were Timothy Mosbruger; Qing Mao, M.D., Ph.D.; Zhi Liu, M.D.; Xiao-Hong Wang, M.D.; Hung-Chih Yang; Xiao-Hang Wang, Ph.D., Dale Netski, Ph.D.; and Drew Pardoll, M.D. Co-investigators in the first study also included John Sidney, Ph.D., and Alessandro Sette, Ph.D., from the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, in San Diego, Calif. Collaborators in the second study, conducted at Hopkins and at Cork University Hospital in Ireland, were Liam Fanning, Ph.D., and Kelizaeth Kenny-Walsh, M.D.

Hepatitis C is the leading cause of liver disease in the United States, causing an estimated 10,000 to 12,000 deaths each year. Hepatitis C is transmitted when blood and possibly other body fluids of an infected person enter another person, primarily through injection drug use, exposures in health care settings, from an infected mother to her baby during birth, and occasionally through sexual exposure. Symptoms of hepatitis C may not appear for years after infection, and diagnosis must be confirmed by blood tests. However, in addition to liver inflammation and tumors, earlier signs of infection are persistent flulike symptoms, including any combination of body aches, headaches, night sweats, loss of appetite, diarrhea, fatigue, rash, nausea and mild abdominal pain. Current treatments for hepatitis C involve weekly injections of pegylated interferon for one year, plus twice daily doses of oral ribavirin. While some patients recover on their own, with their immune system attacking the virus and clearing it from the body, most do not. Scientists have not yet determined why this happens in some patients and not in others.

David March | EurekAlert!
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China’s ‘missing’ girls: The millions hiding from the one child policy

December 2, 2016 10:01am

China’s Expected Baby Boom Is a Bust00:21:06

China’s Expected Baby Boom Is a Bust

It was estimated that between 30 and 60 million girls were “missing” in the world’s most populous country, with many believing they were either killed before or after birth simply because of their gender.

But new research suggests 25 million girls do actually exist after all and didn’t appear on government records because they simply weren’t registered.

The findings raise the possibility that the country’s serious gender imbalance is not as severe as previously believed.

However they later appeared on government census records.

“People think 30 million girls are missing from the population. That’s the population of California, and they think they’re just gone,” he said on the university’s website.

However according to the new research, published this month in the journal China Quarterly, the female to male ratio isn’t as dire as it sounds.

Nurses change the nappies of Chinese children in a welfare home in Shenyang in 2007.

They found a combination of late registration and unreported births helped explain a larger portion of the “missing girls” than previously cited in Chinese sex-ratio-at-birth statistics.

Prof Kennedy, who began looking into this issue 20 years ago, said they found authorities, particularly in rural areas, would turn a blind eye to extra children as they had to work and live in the village where such policies were implemented.

One farmer he spoke at this time called his second daughter “the non-existent one”. In the 1980s rural Chinese were allowed to have a second child if their first was a girl.

The farmer, from the northern Shaanxi province, had a third child, a boy, and registered his son instead as his second child.

Researchers also found girls such as this were often reported later in life, often from the age of 10.

They then compared the number of children born in 1990 and compared it with the population figures 20 years later, discovering an extra four million people, with a million more females than males.

“If we go over a course of 25 years, it’s possible there are about 25 million women in the statistics that weren’t there at birth,” Prof Kennedy said.

China’s one-child policy raised concerns about a gender imbalance with reports emerging of girls being abandoned at orphanages.

Last year, Beijing announced it was officially ending the one child policy after a bill was signed off allowing all married couples to have a second child.

The policy was introduced in the 1979 by then Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in a bid to curb China’s rapidly growing population.

But the one-child policy meant couples faced severe penalties, including fines and reported forced abortions if they had further pregnancies and children.

Concerns were also raised about the gender imbalance given the societal preference for boys while claims of sex-selective abortions or infanticide targeting girls also emerged.

The policy was loosened for rural families and ethnic minorities as concerns were filed over an ageing population and a perceived gender imbalance.

Further reforms occurred in 2013 when the government allowed couples to have a second child if they were only children themselves, however this did little to appease the problem with too few people taking the opportunity, AFP reported.

Some critics claimed it was too little too late to address the looming population crisis.


The National Pork Producers Council wrote a letter to USDA Chief Economist Keith Collins, expressing a list of concerns and recommendations for improving the mandatory price reporting.

USDA Secretary Ann Veneman recently appointed Collins to head up a major review system in an effort to eliminate future problems. The team will review how the system has performed to date, identify the consequences of breakdowns to industry and make action recommendations to Veneman.

NPPC President Barb Determan stated that NPPC still strongly supports mandatory price reporting, but believes AMS must get the system glitches fixed immediately or face calls to return to voluntary reporting. Here are the five critical issues NPPC addressed:

1. Confidentiality. The most troubling aspect of the current mandatory price reporting system is the so-called 3/60 rule that prevents reports being published.

2. Reporting All Prices. NPPC officials understand that AMS is screening the data and removing extreme high and low hog prices from the published reports. NPPC officials believe all data should be reported with the exception of outliers determined by a pre-specified, objective, statistical procedure.

3. Data Accuracy. Given the recent problems with boxed beef reporting NPPC officials ask that AMS double-check the accuracy of all computer programs and other computation and data manipulation systems to prevent a similar costly hog market-reporting error.

4. Compliance Staff. NPPC officials understand that a number of compliance staff positions in AMS have been authorized but that no progress has been made on filling these positions.

5. Education. AMS and the industry should immediately conduct an educational outreach to the nation’s farm broadcasters and agricultural media to better acquaint them with the current mandatory price reporting system and reports.


MA in Sociology - Tribhuvan University

Socio- comes from the Latin word socius, which means “companion.” As a sociologist, you’ll study people as companions, the ways in which they live, work, and play together.

Sociology is a popular field with relatively few positions. So applicants should see competition for most jobs.

Job prospectus

Career: Sociologists

Sociologists study people and the behavior within the social groups that they form. They also study social institutions such as religion and law. You’ll also examine the problems, from family arguments at the dinner table to violent crime, that occur within groups. Your research might be used by governments and organizations that help people live and work together better.

Many sociologists find work in related fields that require similar skills, such as social services, education, and public policy. For the best opportunities, build skills in statistics and research and learn about applied sociology -- that is, how sociology can be used to solve practical problems.


Fluid-triggered mineral reactions in fault rocks may result in significant fault weakening by reduction of the friction coefficient value, particularly in the case of the formation of phyllosilicate minerals. Here, we document an excellent example of fault weakening controlled by complex chemo-mechanical feedback processes in a low-angle normal fault on the island of Serifos (Western Cyclades, Greece). Within and several tens of meters below the studied fault zone, a reaction front developed between dolomite-calcite mylonites and quartzite mylonite layers, triggered by fluid-assisted nucleation of talc. The talc formation facilitated domino boudinage of these quartzite mylonites, which, under ongoing frictional deformation, increased the permeability of the fault zone and, hence, facilitated additional influx of fluid associated with massive talc formation. Continuing deformation was strongly localized in these talc-rich layers, resulting in the progressive development of a low-angle normal fault at the brittle-ductile transition zone. Associated with another pulse of fluid influx, a late-stage static tremolite growth outlasted the deformation. In this paper, we set up a new chemo-mechanical model for strain softening and address the complex question of relative timing and coupling of mineral reactions and deformation mechanisms between the quartzite boudins and the dolomite-calcite marble host in a well-constrained tectono-metamorphic frame.

You do not currently have access to this article.


Vallon des fleurs

Vallon des fleurs, 36" X 29", Inv#16160642
oil on canvas
Symphonie en couleurs

Symphonie en couleurs, 16" X 16", Inv#14251362
oil on canvas
Sun set

Sun set, 39" X 39", Inv#45341136
oil on canvas

Shadows, 22" X 18", Inv#44254326
oil on canvas
Regard sur la mer (Look at the Sea)

Regard sur la mer (Look at the Sea), 31" X 31", Inv#23535535
oil on canvas
Reflets sur la montagne

Reflets sur la montagne, 18" X 22", Inv#16160635
oil on canvas

Promenade, 22" X 18", Inv#22692014
oil on canvas
Poppies of Provence

Poppies of Provence, 39" X 29", Inv#16160644
oil on canvas
Le vieux pot et les fleurs

Le vieux pot et les fleurs, 38" X 51", Inv#34718244
oil on canvas
Fleurs Bleues

Fleurs Bleues, 14" X 11", Inv#24253475
oil on canvas
Douceur du Soir-EB

Douceur du Soir-EB, 31" X 31", Inv#15603016
oil on canvas

Caramel-EB, 39" X 39", Inv#45082165
oil on canvas
Ambiance de fleurs-EB

Ambiance de fleurs-EB, 39" X 29", Inv#16160643
oil on canvas

Monika Meunier was born on the Mediterranean Coast in May 1947. At the age of two, her family relocated to Paris (France), where Meunier was raised. Growing up, her close family provided her with artistic inspiration seeing that she had aunts and uncles who hailed as musicians, painters and photographers. By studying their works, Meunier was able to discover how to compose deep meaningful paintings that capture nature’s true essence.

In 1957, she and her family settled in Nice, a city located on the French Riviera. Meunier did not enjoy the typical schooling she was receiving so, at the age of 16, she enrolled in “Les Beaux-Arts” of Nice where she further honed her artistic talents.

After completing her schooling she traveled world-wide, living in the United States (Miami Beach, Florida and Houston, Texas) and Germany (Stuttgart). These cities provided inspiration which led her to experiment in various forms of expressions – greatly enriching her appreciation of art. Meunier expanded her talents into drawing, sculpture, stained glass, antique restoration, etching but her focus remained on painting.

In 1992, Meunier created the Nice Art Association for French painters and held exhibitions involving hundreds of painters in the 1990s. After working with such talented artists, she decided to immerse herself in the artistic adventure and opened her studio in Nice.

Meunier’s works present collectors with idealized versions of the beautiful region which surrounds her studio. Towering amid cypress and olive trees, are the local sights that inspire her constantly. She brings her landscapes to life with scenes - the sun is always shining and the flowers always in bloom. Meunier uses only oil paints and carefully applies them to canvas with her palette knife. She has a distinctive style that presents landscapes in sweeping texture and vibrant colors – rich red earth, the bright violet lavender fields and the calming blue coastal waters.


Human Morality

Morality is apparently based more on circumstance then on any sort of character trait. There are unfortunately huge flaws in a lot of the arguments made later on in the program. If you consider some of these ideas from a human level, rather than a purely objective one, then the many of the statements presented start to fall apart. I wonder what sort of person is driven to become a moralist or a philosopher as a career. I'm going to go with my first assumption and say a self righteous asshole. However, the first 10 or so minutes of this podcast are interesting, as annoying the host's accent is.

Link Analysis


Verrucae are warts in the foot. They are problematic because it takes time before they are noticed but also the skin is thicker on the feet and pressure do walking pushes them into the skin.

There is no one treatment that works for everyone and treatment can be unpredictable.

Verrucae and warts are caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). The virus lives in the body’s cells making it difficult for the immune system to identify and react.

Treatment aims to either stimulate the immune system into reacting or destroys the skin containing the virus.

Various acids are applied – commonly salicylic acid but at a higher concentration than in bazooka! Alternatively we could freeze it with Dermafreeze which freezes the area to -59. Our YAG laser has also exhibited antiviral activity. We also can use a surgical technique called curettage to cut out single verrucae.

In all cases we will discuss the treatment suitable in your case and devise a sensible plan of attack!

The foot has a quarter of a million sweat glands expelling over half a pint of sweat on hot active days

the bacteria like the sweaty environment and they stink


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Saturday, December 29, 2012

Developing Intuition to Tap into Your Creative Abilities

When I was in my 20s, I had little exposure or belief in intuitive abilities.  But, one day a chance encounter with a friend caused me to question my skepticism about intuition and to, eventually,  explore how intuitive abilities can be developed in relation to creativity abilities.

My Introduction to Intuition:  Beatrice at Bondini's
I remember the day that I ran into a close friend on my way home.  I had walked from my job at NYU Medical Center to the West Village and I was about to get on the train to go home.  As I was going through the turnstile to get on the train, my friend was, coincidentally, coming through the same turnstile on the other side. We both laughed at the timing of meeting each other this way in a city of eight million people.  When I asked her where she was going, she told me that she had an appointment with someone named Beatrice at Bondini's restaurant on W. 9th Street in the Village.

I knew of Bondini's Italian restaurant from a former boyfriend's mother who would rave about their food.  But I'd never been there and I had never heard of anyone named Beatrice there.   When I asked my friend about this, she hesitated.  Then, she grabbed my arm and told me to come with her to see Beatrice, who was a psychic.  I remember laughing and teasing my friend all the way there because she believed in psychics.  Her only response was, "You'll see..."

Since my curiosity was greater than my skepticism, I went along with her.  I thought I would encounter a woman with a turban on her head looking into a crystal ball, but Beatrice was an average down-to-earth woman who looked and acted nothing like I expected.  She had a room in the back of the restaurant, but she had no mystical props or crystal balls.

Originally, I had no intention of getting a reading from Beatrice but, once again, my curiosity was greater than my skepticism, so when my friend "volunteered" me to go first, I went along with it, not expecting very much.  Beatrice asked if she could hold an item that belonged to me, so I gave her a topaz ring that I wore everyday for the last 10 years or so.

Then, to my great surprise, without my uttering a question or a word or giving her any information, she began telling me, in detail, about the man I was dating.  Not only did she describe his physical appearance, his personality and how he interacted with me, but she also described the strong effect he had on everyone around him--that he charmed both men and women, so much so that he was often able to get away with things that most people couldn't have gotten away with.   I knew this to be absolutely true and had seen it many times.  (Fortunately, he wasn't a sociopath, so he didn't use his charm in any illegal or unethical ways.)

Needless to say, I was stunned.  She told me things about him that even my close friend didn't know.  All the while, I said nothing, so she wasn't pumping me with questions for information, as many so-called "psychics" do.  I didn't understand what was happening, but I was fascinated.  So, unable to resist, I asked her if she had a sense of our future as a couple.   She was very tactful and kind.  There was no drama or offer to sell me love candles or love bath.  She simply said that she didn't see us staying together.  Until then, everything she said rang true, but I thought she really got this wrong.  But sure enough, a few months later, we broke up.

While I was in my 20s, I went to see Beatrice a few more times.  I continued to be fascinated by her intuitive abilities and level-headed, no-nonsense approach.  Then, she was written up in New York Magazine, and it became difficult to see her without making a six-month in advance appointment because she became so popular, so I stopped seeing her.

Developing Intuition
Following my experience with Beatrice, I attended a workshop with a woman in NJ, who used her psychic abilities to help the police solve crimes.  She was also very down-to-earth and had a good reputation among law enforcement.  She made the practice of developing intuition for the average person seem like the most natural thing in the world.  I also read books about intuition and became interested in dream work.

As I followed my dreams, I began to have flashes of intuition, both in my dreams and in my waking hours.  I didn't have any earth-shattering intuitive flashes about world events.  These flashes of intuition were mostly about my everyday life and the people in it.

Intuition for Creative Solutions
Over time, I came to trust these flashes of intuition to help me come up with creative solutions to everyday life situations.   I find that the more connected I am to my dreams, the sharper my intuitive abilities are during everyday situations.  I am, by no means, a psychic and my intuitive abilities don't extend beyond the ordinary situations that develop in life, but I've found that using intuition to tap into creative, problem solving abilities has added a richer dimension to my life.

Of course, the ability to use logic is crucial to living our lives.   But rather than being exclusively focused on only living a life based on logic, I encourage people to develop their intuitive side, if this is something that interests them.

Intuition and Dreams
One way to develop intuition is to pay attention to your dreams.  Not all of them will be intuitive dreams, but you might find that, if you write them down and make them a priority, you might get glimpses into your intuitive side.  Then, rather than being skeptical about intuition, as I was initially when I was in my 20s, if you remain open and curious, you might discover that your intuition can be tapped into to enhance your creative abilities.  I've included some resources below if you're interested in developing your intuition to tap into your creative abilities.

Also, read my articles:
Dream Incubation - Planting Seeds
Creative Imagination and Dream Work

Embodiment: Creative Imagination in Medicine, Art and Travel - by post-Jungian psychoanalyst, Robert Bosnak
Creative Dreaming - by Patricia Garfield
Exploring the World of Lucid Dreaming - by Stephen LaBerge, Ph.D.

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10 ideas for supporting recovering anorexics during school mealtimes Dr Pooky Knightsmith.

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Presentation on theme: "10 ideas for supporting recovering anorexics during school mealtimes Dr Pooky Knightsmith."— Presentation transcript:

1 10 ideas for supporting recovering anorexics during school mealtimes Dr Pooky Knightsmith

2 @PookyH Parents and teachers of young people recovering from an eating disorder often find themselves in a situation where they want to offer support at mealtimes, but they don’t know how best to help. It will depend entirely on the individual and, as long as they are well enough, you should always be guided by the young person in question, but here are ten suggestions to help you on your way.

3 @PookyH Think about meal timings and locations The school lunch hall or cafeteria can be a difficult place for a recovering anorexic to spend time in. You should never insist that their meals are taken there, even if it is your school’s usual policy. Perhaps your school has more than one lunch sitting and the pupil would feel okay in the cafeteria at a time when their peers aren’t there. Or perhaps you should find somewhere different altogether such as a medical wing or pastoral office.

4 @PookyH Trust them to keep their own food diary Many recovering anorexics are expected to keep a food diary. It can be very tempting to complete this on their behalf because you know what they have eaten and are keen to ensure that it is recorded accurately. However, it can be an important show of trust to allow the pupil to complete their own food diary. Of course, if you have reason to suspect it is wildly inaccurate then consider again.

5 @PookyH Let them eat with a friend Having a friend or a trusted adult with them whilst they eat can make a lot of young people feel more at ease. If you arrange for this, you should ask specifically whether the friend should also be eating at the same time. Some young people will not feel comfortable eating whilst their friend is not, whilst others will want to focus on their meal and would like their friend just to talk to them, usually about something entirely non-food related if possible.

6 @PookyH Provide specific meals If it’s practical, you can agree meals ahead with the young person and their parents and have the school provide them (or they may bring their own packed lunch). This will enable them to stick with foods they feel safe with and will also add some predictability to their meals which can help them feel safe. Equally, you may find that if ‘normal’ school meals must be taken, that making the young person aware of what meal will be provided beforehand will help them to prepare themselves (though for others it will give them longer to worry, so you need to decide what is right in your situation).

7 @PookyH Accept unusual food choices However revolting or bizarre, if they are eating then let it pass without comment.

8 @PookyH Let them serve themselves Even if it is not the done thing in your school canteen, if possible let the young person serve their own food as this will help them to feel more in control of the meal. Of course, if they repeatedly serve themselves portions which are simply too small then you will have to revert to a pre-served meal. On the other hand, some young people feel less guilty eating a meal they’ve been presented with rather than one they’ve served themselves.

9 @PookyH Don’t ‘watch’ Make sure that even if you are watching them, that the young person never feels like they’re being watched or spied upon. How would you like it?!

10 @PookyH Don’t talk about how much they’ve eaten This can be really hard, especially if they’ve done really well and you want to congratulate them, but it’s generally not a good idea to pass comment as ‘Well done for eating half a jacket potato, that’s fantastic!’ can so easily be heard as ‘Oh my God, I can’t believe you ate so much you greedy fat pig.’ If they volunteer that they are pleased with what they’ve eaten, a safe reply is something along the lines of ‘Well done, I realise that must have been really difficult for you’

11 @PookyH Don’t discuss food and weight concerns over lunch If possible, steer the conversation as far away as possible from concerns about food and weight. This might be a good time to start watching soap operas to give yourself something meaningless to discuss until the meal is over.

12 @PookyH After lunch matters too… After they’ve eaten, recovering anorexics often feel really panicky, depressed or ashamed and some may try and purge themselves of the calories they’ve consumed e.g. by vomiting or exercising. For these reasons it’s really helpful to make sure that the young person is busy and not left alone with their feelings after lunch.

13 Need more support? Dr Pooky Knightsmith specialises in mental health and emotional well-being in the school setting. She can provide training sessions or workshops for school staff, parents or students on a variety of topics, including self-harm, anxiety, body image and eating disorders. For further information and free resources visit Email: Twitter: @PookyH LinkedIn: **If you would like an editable version of this PPT please email me**

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CURE Gastritis Naturally

Black grapes have many medicinal uses and have been used since centuries for therapeutic purposes. They are rich in flavonoids and polyphenols which have potent antioxidant, detoxifying and alkalizing properties.Eat half a kilo of grapes daily with no other food, for three days.

Afterwards you can have a glass of black grape juice with your normal diet. The swelling in the stomach lining will go, it’ll regain its health and will become strong and persuaded,  to infections.

Gastritis means an abnormal inflammation in the stomach lining. It is caused by H. pylori infections or prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It can also result from chronic bile reflux, autoimmune disorders and anemia. The main symptoms are acute pain in the abdomen, nausea, excessive burping, vomiting and abdominal bloating.

Hydrochloric acid which is present in the digestive juices gets secreted in excessive quantities and begins to irritate and aggravate the condition so it is of the utmost importance to reduce the amounts of acids in the stomach. If left untreated, this condition can become chronic and lead to more serious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Pomegranate is known as the anti aging fruit which keeps you young and healthy full of vigorous energy. It abounds in minerals and vitamin C which is most essential for healing.
It enhances the immune system and promotes antibiotic activity in the body.

Drink two glasses of pomegranate juice everyday. The acid in the stomach will reduce and the inflammation will subside within days. Continuous intake will soon cure your gastritis and restore you to good health.

Scallions are young and tender onions. They have abundant amounts of quercetin which is a flavonoid that has antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Quercetin is said to be very effective in eradicating H. pylori bacteria which is the principal cause of gastritis.
Because of its antimicrobial properties onion is very successful in destroying all types of bacterial infections that cause gastritis. Chop the stems and the bulbs of the tender onions. You can eat them alone or mix them with your salad and eat.  Eat regularly twice a day as much as you can.
Carrot Juice

Carrot is very nutritive and full of health giving benefits. Its essential oils and flavonoids have a number of therapeutic uses and are extremely rich in vitamin A. Its alkaline nature neutralizes the stomach acidity and has a cooling and softening effect on it.
It promotes overall health and a feeling of well being.
Drink two to three glasses of fresh carrot juice daily until fully recovered.
The recovery process begins when the body get rid of toxins and becomes alkaline and rich in oxygen, for example through the juices rich in chlorophyll.  All green plants are rich in chlorophyll and give your body a lot of oxygen.
Alkalinity can be achieved by providing the body with calcium, nutrients, minerals. Thanks to this body becomes alkaline. It may take a few days, a few weeks. The body must have a healing pH level. The pH scale is the range of 1-14, where 7 is neutral pH. The human body should be slightly alkaline. The optimum pH is 7.36, however, the healing process should rise to 7.5 or should be a little more basic.