• Bandan Das's avatar
    x86/apic: Include the LDR when clearing out APIC registers · 558682b5
    Bandan Das authored
    Although APIC initialization will typically clear out the LDR before
    setting it, the APIC cleanup code should reset the LDR.
    This was discovered with a 32-bit KVM guest jumping into a kdump
    kernel. The stale bits in the LDR triggered a bug in the KVM APIC
    implementation which caused the destination mapping for VCPUs to be
    Note that this isn't intended to paper over the KVM APIC bug. The kernel
    has to clear the LDR when resetting the APIC registers except when X2APIC
    is enabled.
    This lacks a Fixes tag because missing to clear LDR goes way back into pre
    git history.
    [ tglx: Made x2apic_enabled a function call as required ]
    Signed-off-by: default avatarBandan Das <bsd@redhat.com>
    Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
    Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190826101513.5080-3-bsd@redhat.com


If you're familiar with the common annoyance of hearing ringing in your ears following a loud concert, you've experienced tinnitus. Tinnitus is a condition of perceived sound that most people experience at some point in their lives, most commonly as a symptom following exposure to loud noises.

"Ringing in the ears" is the most commonly known form of tinnitus, but that familiar phrase is far from a full picture of this condition. Tinnitus can take the form of other sounds, too. Buzzing, whistling, hissing, chirping, humming, roaring, whooshing, static, sirens, screeching, shrieking and even similar to dial tones or the sound of waves are some of the ways different sufferers have described it.12

The lingering ringing sound people often hear after leaving a loud concert usually doesn't last long and requires no treatment. However, for some people, tinnitus can be a more serious, long-term, and sometimes debilitating condition.

Understanding types of tinnitus and their causes

Before we explore treatment options, it's important to break down the different types of tinnitus and possible causes for different forms of this condition.

Chronic tinnitus

Tinnitus is considered chronic when it lasts for more than six months. Chronic tinnitus is often associated with psychological problems like depression and anxiety, and quality-of-life impacts, including disruptions of sleep, work, and relationships. Understandably, this form of tinnitus frequently causes sufferers to seek treatment.

Subjective vs. objective tinnitus

Tinnitus is considered subjective when there is no identifiable external source for the noise - only the sufferer hears the sound. Subjective tinnitus is by far the most common kind.

Objective tinnitus, which is rarer, refers to a bothersome ongoing sound that can be perceived by others because it has an external source. This includes pulsatile tinnitus with a biological source that a physician can identify, such as a heart murmur, as described in the next section.

Pulsatile vs. non-pulsatile tinnitus

The sound experienced in tinnitus can be smooth or rhythmic, matching the sound of the body's pulse - in the latter case, this is the sound of the heartbeat or pulse through the ear, and it's called pulsatile tinnitus.

Pulsatile tinnitus, also called pulse-synchronous, rhythmic or vascular tinnitus, is a rare form of the condition in which the sufferer hears continuous sounds others don't, but in this case the sounds originate in the patient's own body. Most often the sound is similar to whooshing or waves, reflecting their biological origin.

Causes of tinnitus

The underlying causes of pulsatile tinnitus can range from benign to dangerous, so if you experience the rhythmic form of tinnitus, it is important to see a doctor to get screened for any serious medical condition that might be generating the sound as a symptom.

Elderly people with stiffened arteries are at higher risk for pulsatile tinnitus because their blood flow can be less smooth and more turbulent.3 Heart murmurs can cause pulsatile tinnitus, as can tumors and damaged blood vessels, high blood pressure, anemia and hyperthyroidism, and vein and artery malformations.4

Non-pulsatile, subjective tinnitus is generally caused by hearing loss, often through damage to hair follicles in the cochlea involved in the translation of sound waves into electrical signals that the brain reads as sound. Essentially, when hearing is damaged, your brain doesn't receive certain signals it was expecting, and abnormal activity is generated, leading to the illusion of sound - the experience of sound with no external source, or subjective tinnitus.

Hearing damage can be the result of loud or frequent noise exposure, injuries to the head or neck, and ear infections.5 Some medications are ototoxic - they can damage the ear or its nerves. The most common ototoxic medications are aspirin and other NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), especially when taken in high doses. If a drug is causing tinnitus symptoms, discontinuation often resolves the issue.6

Meniere's disease is a rare inner-ear disorder that can cause hearing loss and tinnitus, usually in only one ear, and accompanied by other symptoms such as vertigo.

Impacted earwax is another cause of tinnitus.

Whatever kind of tinnitus you experience, if it is chronic, pulsatile, presents along with other symptoms, or is significantly bothersome or intrusive, it's wise to schedule a medical appointment to diagnose the underlying cause.

Treatment for tinnitus

If serious medical problems are ruled out as the cause of your tinnitus, treatment of tinnitus will be for the auditory symptoms and their impacts.

There is no cure for the sounds experienced in tinnitus, but there are treatment options that can lessen how disruptive the condition is to your life. Conventional options include:

  • Vasodilator medications, which unfortunately seem to be of limited value for most patients and can have serious side effects7
  • Masking and noise suppression devices, including specialized hearing aids and white noise machines, that amplify external sounds or mask the ones you experience as a result of tinnitus
  • Tinnitus retraining therapy, which includes masking devices coupled with cognitive behavioral therapy, to help you refocus your attention
  • Anti-anxiety and anti-depressant drugs to treat psychological impacts
  • Acupuncture

Acupuncture treatment for tinnitus

Acupuncture is a good treatment option for anyone experiencing tinnitus, as the condition can have serious impacts and has limited conventional treatments available. Acupuncture is generally considered safe and is less risky than some drug treatments. And clinical studies are increasingly supporting the effectiveness of this treatment option.89

Acupuncture, the practice of inserting thin needles into specific locations on the body to treat a variety of health conditions, originates in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Traditionally, it is believed that the needles can redirect qi, or energy flows.

But as tinnitus sufferers have increasingly found acupuncture an effective treatment, clinical studies have increasingly explored explanations for acupuncture's effectiveness rooted in western science.

One clinical trial, for example, suggested that touch-sensing nerve cells may become hyperactive following hearing damage, and that this is probably an important contributor in tinnitus. The researchers in that study theorized that acupuncture may quiet this hyperactivity when it is targeted at the nerves in the head and neck.10

Other researchers believe acupuncture can assist with tinnitus associated with hypertension because of its impact on blood flow, and that acupuncture's known effectiveness for pain relief including TMJ - temporomandibular joint - and neck pain, may also be important clues to this treatment's effectiveness in tinnitus.11

Studies show that effective acupuncture treatment for tinnitus most likely requires 15 sessions.1213

The Bottom Line

Acupuncture is increasingly being accepted as a safe and effective treatment option to reduce the impact of tinnitus. If you are suffering from tinnitus, it is important to see a conventional physician to rule out serious underlying medical causes for your symptoms.

Once any serious conditions have been ruled out, talk to a professional acupuncturist about your symptoms, their experience treating other tinnitus patients, and how many treatment sessions they recommend. If you are new to acupuncture, feel free to ask questions about the treatment, your practitioner's training, and share any concerns and treatment goals.

Any professional acupuncture practitioner will welcome open conversation and work with you to meet your needs.

1 "Understanding Tinnitus: The Basics": https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/tinnitus-ringing-in-the-ears-and-what-to-do-about-it

2 "Symptoms": https://www.ata.org/understanding-facts/symptoms

3 "Age Related Vascular Changes Affect Turbulence in Aortic Blood Flow": https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5788974/

4 "What is Pulsatile Tinnitus?": https://www.webmd.com/healthy-aging/aging-pulsatile-tinnitus#1

5 "What You Need to Know About Tinnitus": https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/156286.php

6 "Tinnitus: Ringing in the Ears and What to Do About It": https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/tinnitus-ringing-in-the-ears-and-what-to-do-about-it

7 "Acupuncture and Herbs Quiet Tinnitus": https://www.healthcmi.com/Acupuncture-Continuing-Education-News/1826-acupuncture-and-herbs-quiet-tinnitus

8 "Acupuncture for Chronic Nonpulsatile Tinnitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial": https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5771359/

"The Effects of Acupuncture on the Inner Ear Originated Tinnitus": https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3430048/

10 "Acupuncture May Be Effective Treatment for Tinnitus": https://www.actcm.edu/blog/blog/acupuncture-may-be-effective-treatment-for-tinnitus

11 "Acupuncture Treatment for Tinnitus": https://www.trihealth.com/dailyhealthwire/health-topics/orthopedics/acupuncture-treatment-for-tinnitus

12 "Tinnitus Diagnosis and Treatment": https://www.healthyhearing.com/help/tinnitus/treatment


Menu Engineering

Menu Engineering is the science of identifying which dishes are popular and profitable. While running a restaurant, it is important to understand which dishes to retain on the menu and which to remove.

Usually while making a new menu, a simple calculation called menu engineering is done and the results used to guide the new menu creation.

The dishes are categorized into Dog, Puzzle, Plough horse and Star and each category requires a different treatment.

What do you get:

An excel file with easy to use instruction and all formula coded to ensure you get the proper analysis.


PPE Hazard Assessment

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) Hazard Assessment

If you are in the construction industry, you know that it can be a very dangerous industry to be in. For this reason, it is important to follow the proper safety procedures and try to mitigate the risks as much as is possible. One way that you can do this is by providing or wearing the necessary protective gear for the job– and another way is to conduct hazard assessments to see where the on site dangers lie. A hazard assessment can also point you towards which PPE equipment will be needed on the job.

Read on to learn more about PPE hazard assessments and how they work.

What Is PPE?

First things first, what is PPE, anyway? PPE stands for personal protective equipment. It can include gear for protecting your eyes and vision from hazards such as flying debris or chemicals, and also gear for protecting your head from falling objects. Welders, for instance, might also wear a protective jacket that could be considered PPE. Commonly seen PPE includes goggles, helmets, or hard hats. PPE usually addresses hazards that are electrical, thermal, chemical, or physical in nature. Biohazards and airborne particulate matter are also hazards that PPE can protect against.

What Is a PPE Hazard Assessment?

A PPE hazard assessment is essentially the same as a regular risk or hazard assessment. You will go through and identify any hazards on the job site so that you can figure out the sorts of accidents you are trying to prevent on the job. Doing a hazard assessment will also help you to identify the hazards that your workers will need to be protected from– like excess noise, for instance, that will require headphones or earplugs as PPE. Once you have completed a PPE hazard assessment, you can determine the PPE that you will need to provide for your workers.

How Does a PPE Hazard Assessment Work?

When you are completing a PPE hazard assessment, you typically have a checklist or form to guide you through the process and ensure that nothing is overlooked. After all, you certainly want to be thorough so that you can ensure that your workers are properly equipped for all hazards. It is important to document the entire process and make sure the forms are dated and stored properly so that they can be accessed later.

Once you have completed the assessment itself and done your full walkthrough of the job site, you then want to identify the solution to each of the hazards that you’ve identified. Certain hazards will require you to implement strategies such as fixing equipment, cleaning up an area, or erecting canopies to keep the elements out. Other hazards will not be able to be dealt with in this fashion and are where you will need to consider what PPE will protect your workers best from that particular hazard. Then, you need to make sure that you provide plenty of PPE for these hazards that are good quality, and also make sure that your workers are educated properly on both the hazards and the PPE.

When Should You Conduct a PPE Hazard Assessment?

It’s also important for you to conduct PPE hazard assessments at the right time. You should first conduct a PPE hazard assessment when you are setting up the job and before the work has actually started. Then, if any of the conditions on the site change, or additional tasks are added to the workers’ roster, you should conduct another hazard assessment to make sure any additional hazards have not emerged. If your provided PPE is found to be ineffective, this is another situation that requires you to run another hazard assessment.

Additional Reading

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a hazard assessment for PPE?

A hazard assessment of PPE is an evaluation that is done in order to determine what hazards your workers will come into contact with, so that you can figure out what sorts of PPE (personal protective equipment) that you need to provide for them. It is a way to address workplace hazards.

What are the hazards of wearing PPE?

PPE, or personal protective equipment, can be very important in reducing your risk of certain hazards or accidents. On the other hand, though, it can also cause some additional hazards, which you should certainly be aware of if you are going to use this PPE. The hazards involved here are mostly physical. These include impaired movement, impaired vision, and impaired communication. Plus, psychological stress, slips, trips, falls, and heat stress can also be caused by your PPE equipment. That being said, the hazards that you are able to avoid by wearing your PPE are usually a lot more dangerous.

Do you need a risk assessment for PPE?

A risk assessment is defined as the effort of identifying events that may negatively impact individuals or workers, and can typically lead to injury– or even death– in some cases on the job. On a construction site, it can be especially helpful to identify dangers so that you can avoid having accidents. In this vein, yes, it is important to conduct a risk assessment when considering job sites where PPE may be needed. You can conduct a risk or hazard assessment in order to determine what sorts of PPE need to be made available to the workers at this particular location.

What is included in a hazard assessment?

Hazard assessments are the same as risk assessments. They are the process of identifying potential events or hazards that can lead to on the job accidents or injuries. Typically, there is an OSHA regulated form or checklist to follow for these assessments. During a risk assessment, it is important that you first identify the hazards, and then evaluate the risks that these hazards present. Then, you can go on to manage the risks of the hazards by placing hazard controls and setting up other preventative measures. For instance, making the proper PPE available can help to mitigate accidents or other dangers on your construction sites.


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August 16, 2022

Why Investment Kits Have Different Investment Minimums

Why Investment Kits Have Different Investment Minimums

Q.ai boasts a whole host of benefits, from AI-powered asset allocation to built-in diversification to proprietary Portfolio Protection. What’s more: You only need a minimum of $100 to fund your account and get started building wealth. With those funds, you select from Q.ai’s selection of sophisticated Kits in which to invest.

With Q.ai, you’re spoiled for choice of Kits, from Foundation and Community Kits to Specialty and Limited Edition Kits. You may notice when you select a Kit, however, that there’s an investment minimum that’s different from the $100 required to fund your account to get started.

What are investment minimums?

Generally, an investment minimum is the lowest dollar amount or share quantity that an investor (you) can purchase when investing in a specific security. For Q.ai, the investment minimums attached to Kits refer to the minimum amount of funds you’ll be required to allocate to that Kit in order for Q.ai to add it to your portfolio.

You can always choose to invest more than the minimum requirement.. You can also move funds around between Kits but, in order to keep a Kit in your portfolio, you need to maintain the minimum.

If you don’t have enough funds in your account to invest in a new Kit, you’ll need to deposit more money from a bank account or reallocate funds from another Investment Kit. However, note that transaction times aren’t necessarily immediate and deposits become available within one business day. On the other hand, withdrawals can take three to five business days to complete. Don’t worry, we’ll send you email updates along the way.

Where do I find investment minimums for Kits?

You will also notice the minimum investment amount in the bottom left corner of each Kit’s thumbnail in the “Explore” tab on your dashboard. When you click on the Kit, you can also find the minimum just below the Kit description and just above the risk level.

While many of the Kits in Q.ai have the same investment minimum, it can vary.

For example, Emerging Tech and Global Trends both require a minimum investment of $250, but Smarter Beta only requires $100 while Gas Spike requires just $50. The highest minimum investment is $250, so you should not expect to see minimums higher than that.

Why does Q.ai require minimum investments?

Q.ai requires investment minimums because we need to ensure that the Kit has enough funds to successfully execute trades. And because there’s more than one security in each Kit, the minimum investment amount can vary depending on the Kit you’re invested in. This ultimately dictates what we can and cannot do with securities and your Kits at large.

Therefore, the smallest possible position in a given Kit decides the minimum investment amount for that whole Kit. Of course, we’ve built in buffer space to ensure that trades are executed seamlessly.

Being able to invest you in different positions is key to diversification. And, diversifying your portfolio is key to your overall wealth creation.

Learn about the different types of Kits we offer. Here’s how they work.

Hands-free approach to investing

Ready to start investing?

Fund your account in 2 minutes.

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MyIndependentMedia Thu, 29 Sep 2022 18:00:32 +0000 en-US hourly 1 How To Care For Your Ears Wed, 28 Sep 2022 05:59:00 +0000 Read More]]>

The answer is yes, and it goes back to having clogged ears. When earwax accumulates against the eardrum, it changes the pressure in the ear so that it can’t hear as well. Tinnitus is a specific type of hearing problem and it is very likely that you have had it at some point in your life.

It is possible, but very unlikely, that you make a hole in the eardrum, also called an eardrum, while cleansing your ears with Q tips. Your ears have many nerve endings that send powerful feedback to your brain to tell you that what you’re doing is painful. Therefore, most people would stop before pushing a Q-tip too far and cause permanent damage. However, using cotton swabs to clean the ear canal can do more harm than good.

Have your primary care provider check your ears during your annual wellness exam. He or she can determine whether you should consult an otolaryngologist or audiologist for further examination. If left untreated, hearing loss has been linked to other health problems, such as depression and dementia. If you experience earache or notice a change in your hearing, contact your PCP as soon as possible. Excess fluid can allow bacteria to enter the ear canal and attack. This can cause swimmer’s ear or other types of ear infections, which can be dangerous to your hearing ability.

In fact, they are commonplace for skin cancer spots. When applying sunscreen to other parts of the body before going outside, take a few extra seconds to cover your ears. If sunscreen isn’t an option, consider wearing a hat that covers your ears when you’re outside. From cleaning to blinds, discover these handy ear care tips. Like all other parts of your health, your hearing needs a regular check-up by a doctor. Hearing loss usually progresses gradually, unless it is caused by severe trauma.

Start by using our handy decibel guide to learn about the volume levels of familiar sounds. Ask your gp to include hearing screenings in your regular check-ups. Because hearing loss develops gradually, it is also recommended to have annual hearing visits to a hearing care professional. That way, you’ll be more likely to recognize the signs of hearing loss and take action as soon as you do. Excess fluid can lead to ear infections and earwax accumulation, which can cause hearing problems.

Older adults and people with developmental disabilities are also at increased risk. The shape of your ear canal can make it difficult to remove the earwax naturally. At the same time, you’ve probably read that using cotton swabs is not a safe way to remove wax. Here are some tips on how to safely clean your ears, what not to do, and when to contact a doctor. Because the ears are delicate and sensitive, they can easily be damaged or injured if you use something to dig inside. This means avoiding using cotton swabs to clean your ears.

At the same time, if you get a cold or flu, make sure you treat it right away. If you develop an ear infection or don’t seem to be able to fight your cold, make an appointment with your doctor. Frequent use of painkillers, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, can lead to temporary or permanent hearing loss. This is because these types of drugs are classified as ototoxic, meaning that over time they literally poison your ears. While using painkillers to help when you feel sick is fine, taking medication every day can cause permanent damage to your ears.

You also want to prevent infections in your freshly pierced ears. Applying alcohol to rub can also help keep germs away. With the help of an adult, soak a cotton ball in rubbing alcohol and apply it to both sides of the hole. Then turn the earring several times to make sure the alcohol gets in and around the earring post. Wear protective head hats or earplugs when the sound is too loud. If you experience earwax impingement more than once a year or have certain risk factors, tell your doctor.

It controls our balance and houses the nerve endings that carry messages to the brain. If you’re listening to music on your headphones and the person sitting next to you can also hear it, it means it’s loud, too loud. You may feel good listening to loud music, but in the long run, it can damage your ears and affect your hearing.

Best 3X Magnifiers Tue, 27 Sep 2022 17:35:32 +0000 Read More]]>

You may need to choose from a variety of models if are looking for a new magnifier. A magnifier can improve your accuracy and offer numerous advantages. One of the most effective magnifiers available is the Vortex Micro 3X Magnifier. It can increase by a third Ocular magnification to the red dot sight, making it a fantastic option for a variety of users. It weighs less than the rest of the competitors and is very small.

There are two main aspects to take into consideration when purchasing 3X Magnifiers: price and quality. While you don’t need to spend a lot of money, you also don’t want to cut corners on quality. You must ensure that the magnifier’s material and finish are of top quality. For instance, you wouldn’t want to spend an extra couple hundred dollars on 3X Magnifiers that aren’t worth the extra money.

The height at the center of a 3x magnifier should be taken into consideration when buying. This is usually measured in millimeters. It tells you how high the magnifier will be when installed. Knowing this number will help you determine the right mounting hardware. Some magnifiers even have adjustable dials that let you tweak the height to fit your needs.

You should also take into consideration the price, eye relief, durability, and cost when buying a 3x magnifier. If you require a precise view of a moving target, you’ll want to buy an item that is constructed to last. The Aimpoint 3x Magnifying Module, for example is water-proof and fogproof. It also comes with a flip-toside mount, which makes it a perfect hunting setup. This magnifier is a popular option for hunters across the world and has been used by more than 2 million individuals.

Burris AR-Tripler magnifiers are made of aircraft-grade aluminum. It comes with an objective lens of 20mm, which makes it an ideal choice for use with night vision. Although the price tag is high, it’s still one of the least expensive 3x magnifiers. Another magnifier of top quality that is worth the price is the Eotech G33. This magnifier is of military quality and adjustable in optics, which means it can be used to serve a variety of functions.

Trijicon MRO HD 3X25MM Magnifier is a third magnifier of 3x. This magnifier is designed to work with the MRO HD red dot optic and weighs 6.5 ounces. It measures 2.9 inches long and made of lightweight aluminum. This magnifier is water-resistant for up to 33 feet.

EOTech is one the oldest companies that makes magnifiers. Their G33 magnifier is widely used in the military as well as in the civilian world. It comes with a tool-free azimuth adjustment and diopter adjustment that allows you to adjust eye focus. It also comes with an easy side flip mechanism and an adjustable tension on its locking lever. It’s an excellent value for price and comes with a twist-to-side mount for hand-held use.

The Eotech G33 magnifier offers an adjustable diopter and a mount that can be slap-on, and a broad field of view. This magnifier comes with a protective case and a lifetime warranty and a lifetime warranty. Vortex 3x Magnifier is a little cheaper option. It also comes with an adjustable flip-mount as well as a quick detach lever. It is simple to use and comes with a durable case.If you are genuinely interested to learn more about best 3x magnifiers, check out this awesome resource.

Another well-known brand of 3x magnifiers is Aimpoint that makes affordable high-quality, high-end products. The 3X-C Magnifier is great for shooting in short ranges, it is shockproof, and waterproof, and is made of sturdy aluminum housing. It measures 4.5 inches in length and weighs 1.1 pounds.

The Vortex Micro Magnifier is another good option for you in search of an optical magnifier. Its design is small and compatible with a variety of sight systems. It does however sacrifice the performance of its compact size. If you need an optical magnifier with a flip-mount, this option is a good choice. Vortex Micro Magnifier is a top-quality magnifier with a tri-directional optical arrangement.

Another option is the Vortex UTG 3X magnifier which is among the top budget magnifiers available. While it’s not as top-quality, it offers an additional 30% field of view and is compatible with Picatinny or Weaver rails. The magnifier is slightly more affordable than the Vortex and is an excellent option for hunters who hunt with it.

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Womens Clothing – In Fashion Always Tue, 27 Sep 2022 11:22:04 +0000 Read More]]>

Vintage women’s clothing is a trendy variety spanning across seven whole decades. This is surely a huge trend setter in terms of the kind of clothes that were worn during those days and the trend of those days which are followed till date. Vintage clothing is not just a torn old coat or a leather bag. Let us make this concept very clear. Clothes are something which makes you look all the more special, and your wardrobe will look classy with a grand collection of vintage clothes. Vintage fabric and vintage polka dots have craved a niche for themselves in the realm of clothing, and are classy things for your wardrobe to flaunt. There are various types of vintage clothing. To begin with, second hand clothes or old clothes which are more than twenty years old can be referred to as vintage clothes. Brand new clothes which have been designed based on the twentieth century fashion norms are also referred to as clothing. Apart from these two categories, there also exists vintage inspired clothes which have been designed based on the good old retro style, and have been produced off late.

Wholesale women clothing is quite popular these days. To think of it, flaunting vintage clothes should be a great style statement and matter of pride, as these are the clothes which have survived the tough battle of competitive and ever changing fashion, and stands testimony to the glorious era and its fashion. The best possible time proved clothes that can ever be would be vintage clothes, as they stood the test of times and are considered to be fancy even till date. Apart from these pointers, the most important aspect of vintage clothes is the tinge of nostalgia which is associated with every piece of clothing. Vintage clothes from the by gone days can include a black dress made of geometrical fabric textures, and accompanied by cloch hats and other suitable accessories. The ballerina puff skirts are a classic vintage clothing item which can be flaunted with style today. Let us look into a couple of other popular vintage collection from our glorious and fashionable past.

From the 1930s, we have the slim cut dress with wide shoulders and a belted waist. Also from this same era would be short and thin floral dresses, sailor style tops, fire greatcoats, long evening dresses, and the like. Fast forward to the 1940s, and you have long sleeved clothes along with buttons, jackets with sharp shoulders, knee length skirts, wrap style dress, jersey bodysuits, jumper dresses, satin jackets, and the likes. A leap forward, and the 1950s era welcomes you with taped waists and body cases which are bust enhancing, pencil skirts, mini dresses, and twiggy dresses. The 1970s collection will sport gipsy skirts, ponchos, punk fashion, long and widened trousers, and hippie souvenirs.

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Key Considerations for Hardware Product Development Tue, 27 Sep 2022 08:47:37 +0000 Read More]]>

Hardware product development is a complex and challenging process that requires careful planning, execution, and monitoring. In this article, we will discuss five key considerations that you should always keep in mind when developing hardware products.

Product Requirements

1. What is the purpose of the hardware product?

The purpose of a hardware product can be anything from providing a simple function to enabling a more complex and innovative experience. The features and specifications of the hardware product should be aligned with the intended use.

2. Who will be using the hardware product?

The target users of a hardware product are often determined by its intended purpose. For example, if the hardware product is designed for use in a business setting, the target users may be employees or customers. If the hardware product is meant for personal use, the target users may be family members or friends.

3. What are the expected usage patterns for the hardware product?

The expected usage patterns for a hardware product should be considered early in development and captured in user requirements documents. This information can help determine which features and specifications are necessary for success.

4. How will users interact with the hardware product?

Interaction models for a hardware product can vary based on its intended use. For example, if a hardware product is meant for personal use, it may not require much interaction from users. In contrast, if a hardware product is used in a business setting, it may require more complex interactions.

5. What are the potential problems that may arise with the hardware product?

Problems that may arise with a hardware product can be related to any aspect of its usage. For example, if a hardware product is used in a business setting, users may experience problems with security features or data management. Learn more about Hardware Product Development here.

Product Design

1. Product development is a process of creating a new product or service. It begins with market research and ends with the launch of the product to the market.

2. The main considerations for product development are user experience, functionality, performance, and manufacturability.

3. User experience is the primary concern for designers during the early stages of product development. They must ensure that the product is easy to use and understand, while still providing features that meet user needs.

4. Functionality is another important consideration during product development. Designs must be efficient and easy to use, while also meeting user needs for features and functionality.

5. Performance is another key factor in product development. Designs that are fast and efficient will be more popular with users, who will appreciate faster response times and smooth operation.

6. manufacturability is also an important consideration during product development. Designs must be easy to manufacture and produce in large quantities without compromising quality or user experience.

Product Development

There are many factors to consider when developing hardware products, but here are a few key considerations.

1. Cost and complexity of the hardware product. It’s important to keep in mind the cost of components and manufacturing, and factor that into the design of the product. Additionally, make sure that the features and functionality of the product are achievable at a reasonable cost.

2. Performance and reliability of the hardware product. The hardware product should perform as expected and be reliable over time. Consider how users will use the product, and design it accordingly.

3. Interoperability of the hardware product with other systems. Make sure that the hardware product can be used with other systems, both internally and externally. Design considerations include compatibility with standard software, communication protocols, and other hardware devices.

4. Security of the hardware product. Protect your data and user information from unauthorized access or theft. Consider security features such as passwords, encryption, and authentication methods.

5. Environmental impact of the hardware product. Be sure to take into account how the product will affect users’ environment (e.g., noise level, heat generation). Factor in any regulatory requirements as well.

Release Planning and Execution

There are a number of key considerations to keep in mind when planning and executing a hardware product release. One important factor is ensuring that the release is properly planned and executed.

Proper planning includes ensuring that features and updates are targeted appropriately, aligning the release with corporate strategy, and preparing for potential issues. It’s also important to ensure that the release process is efficient and organized, so that updates are released in a timely manner and customers have the best experience possible.

Execution of a release can be challenging if not done correctly. This involves ensuring that all necessary resources are available at the right time, avoiding any unnecessary delays, and managing expectations of customers. Finally, it’s essential to track and measure the success of a release to ensure that future releases are improved upon.

Internal QA and Testing

Internal QA and Testing is an extremely important step in the hardware product development process. It helps ensure that your product meets customer expectations and is free of any defects. Here are some key considerations for establishing an effective internal QA and testing program:

1. Assign a senior leader to oversee the program. This person should be skilled in managing and directing a team of testers.

2. Establish clear goals for the program. You need to know what you’re looking for in order to measure success.

3. Create a test plan and track progress regularly. This will help you stay on track and avoid wasting time and resources on unnecessary tests.

4. Use automated testing tools and techniques to speed up the process. These tools can help identify problems early, saving you time and money in the long run.

5. Hold regular QA/testing sessions with customers to ensure they’re happy with your product. This will help you improve your design based on feedback from real users, instead of assumptions or guesswork.

Marketing and Sales

1. As a hardware company, it is important to have a marketing strategy in place to help sell your product. Make sure to create a strong image for your company and product, and develop marketing materials (e.g. website, press releases, social media posts) that highlight these features. Additionally, it is important to create relationships with key journalists and influencers, so that they can write positive reviews of your product.

2. Once you have created a strong marketing strategy, it is important to ensure that your sales team is organized and productive. Set up effective sales channels (such as webinars, demos, etc.), and make sure that your salespeople are well-trained in how to sell your product.

3. Finally, it is important to be able to manage customer feedback effectively; if there are any issues with customers’ products, be sure to address them promptly. This will help ensure that you maintain customer loyalty and support the long-term success of your product development efforts.

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What Are The Benefits Of Owning A Home? Sun, 25 Sep 2022 15:14:00 +0000 Read More]]>

The commission/closing costs in this property plus the closing costs in another is part of the money to take into account. Moving costs and the costs of refurbishing another home also play a role. Instead, we chose to stay and upgraded our HVAC system to the highest SEER rating and our utilities are more than affordable. Sometimes it’s more expensive to move, not to mention the emotional cost of leaving friends and neighbors. Owning an apartment building is not without its potential drawbacks.

While homeownership comes with various expenses, such as mortgage payments and rates, you have options for managing your money through the various features available in your mortgage loan. If you want to invest in real estate but aren’t ready to make the leap to property ownership and management, you may want to consider a real estate investment trust. You can buy and sell REITs that are publicly traded on major exchanges.

It can also be used for other investments that may yield a higher or faster return than a property. When it comes to how much money you can make by investing in apartment buildings, it depends on how big the investment is you make. In general, you can expect a capitalization rate of 4-10% when you buy an apartment. Property Valuation – This is often where the most money is made, as apartment buildings have grown rapidly in value over the past 10 years. Some investors are even willing to buy a building that just breaks with cash flow with rent because they are sure they will get a great return on their investment with appreciation. If you invest in apartment buildings where there is little supply and high demand, collecting monthly rent money from tenants can be very lucrative.

The value of real estate tends to increase over time, and with a good investment, you can make a profit when it’s time to sell. Rents also tend to rise over time, which can lead to higher cash flow. This includes unlimited mortgage interest deductions and depreciation accelerations that protect some of the cash flow generated and paid to investors.

Just as there are some pros and cons of renting a home, there are also several pros and cons of buying a home. His work has appeared in major publications such as Kiplinger, MarketWatch, MSN, TurboTax and CNBC’s Acorns. That is, EquityMultiple only allows your individual commercial real estate projects to receive investments jervois treasures from accredited investors, which are discussed below. Real Estate Investment Trusts are companies that pool investors’ money to manage the income-producing real estate they own. Real estate funds invest primarily in real estate investment trusts and operating real estate companies, but some invest directly in real estate.

How To Buy An Apartment Complex: A Beginner’s Guide Sun, 25 Sep 2022 12:29:00 +0000 Read More]]>

These differences mean higher total costs for vacancy and maintenance. When an investor turns to a lender for financing, approval is based more on the financial characteristics of the property than on the borrower’s finances. Lenders are more concerned about whether the income from assets will cover payments than the borrower’s credit score. These show how long the community is engaged with rent-paying tenants. A typical figure is 40% of the income from rentals and other sources.

While financial advisors are usually busy shaping your investment strategy, they can often handle much more than that, such as helping you buy an apartment. Finding a qualified financial advisor doesn’t have to be difficult. SmartAsset’s free tool pairs you with up to three financial advisors serving your area, and you can interview your advisors for free to decide which one is right for you. If you’re ready to find an advisor who can help you achieve your financial goals, start now.

However, many multifamily loans are acceptable, meaning that the new owner of the building can take on or “take” your loan, as long as they are approved by the lender. While this is usually a small fee, having a new borrower who assumes their loan is significantly cheaper than paying a prepayment penalty. Before considering the types of individual loans, it is very important to determine whether a loan is with or without recourse. If a loan is a resource, a lender may get your personal belongings back to request repayment of an unpaid debt.

With a rental property, you can find a tenant for 12 months and then check in every few weeks. With an apartment complex, you may have 6-8 tenants that you check in with regularly, and then you may need to announce the opening of your other 6-8 apartments. Of course, you can hire a property manager and other staff, but all this consumes your profits. If the apartment complex is large enough, you probably won’t manage the property yourself. You hire a property management company to help you with your investment.

Getting a second, third or fourth opinion on buying an apartment building can also make a big difference, especially if it comes from a much more experienced investor. You may want to reach out to friends or family to see who they know, or attend events with a local real estate investment organization. You need to consider things like age, condition of the property, price per square foot, and the local real estate market. Knowing how to calculate the price per square foot, capitalization rates, and how to look for trade-offs is critical. To determine the value of an apartment using the income approach, start by finding the NOI. Multiply the monthly rent per unit by the number of units in the building and subtract all operating expenses.

If you’ve made single-family investments in the past, you may be wondering what comes next. So it’s only a matter of time before you research how to buy an apartment complex as your next commercial rental project. Each type of property, be it apartments, shops, offices, land, etc., has its own advantages and disadvantages. In many cases, this includes whether the property is more of an asset that produces cash flow or whether the value is rather derived from valuation. Apartments in top markets tend to offer the lowest initial cash-on-cash returns, but often offer the promise of accelerated valuation. If you’re looking for a more substantial cash flow from day one, it might be a better option to look at tier two and tier three markets.

These properties typically need improved management to address deferred maintenance, inactive units, tenant payment issues, and more. Owners are giving up immediate cash flow today, hoping that once “improvements” are made, they will recognize future capital gain and/or increased cash flow tomorrow. There are some other facility issues that can cause additional costs for investors. Pipes that need to be repaired can be expensive and can also increase the risk of contamination.

This professional knows what to look for and what to avoid when looking for an investment property. In general, buying an apartment can be similar to buying a single-family home. The procedures for applying for and taking out loans are very similar. The most important part is determining how much home you can afford and then determining whether to buy or rent. Once you can figure it out, you can set up your finances in preparation for your decision. If after buying an apartment complex, you want to explore the refinancing of the loan you have on the property, check out this guide to refinancing.

Real estate investors of all experience levels have increased their wealth exponentially by buying apartment buildings, and so can you. In general, all apartment investors should hire a professional real estate accounting firm for the duration of their ownership period. This will help ensure that the process of selling and paying taxes runs smoothly.

We will walk you through all the basics of apartment investing and provide you with everything you need to know to start your journey. Of course, when it comes to investing in multifamily housing, knowledge is power, so don’t just rely on this article; rather, use it as a starting point to start your research and start your journey on the right foot. How much you can earn from owning an apartment complex is a function of the value of the property and net operating lentor modern condo income. Many investors will measure this return by calculating their capitalization rate. However, investors should not underestimate the cost of owning an apartment building; the possibility of major repair and maintenance problems, as well as unexpected vacancies, can greatly affect the end result. Since 2005, Carlos Azucena has worked in commercial real estate, specializing in the sale of multifamily investments in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Things That Are Termed As Spring Must Haves Fri, 23 Sep 2022 10:08:46 +0000 Read More]]>

So, what are the must- haves in your wardrobe this season?

1. Sequins. These are the latest things that can instantaneously transform you from day to evening wear. You can have a tank top made with sequins and wear it underneath a light jacket. To transform this to evening wear you can either remove the jacket or just unbutton it.

2. Tank tops. Tank tops of any kind certainly look very good in spring especially when paired up with skirts of flowing length. These skirts could be the peasant kind with a lot of flounces and lace on it. There could also be crotchet at the edges to add the extra touch.

3. Dresses. Spring is certainly the time for dresses of all kinds. They could be of any length and material right from cotton, jersey or any other synthetic like lycra.

4. Light jackets. Since you are done with woolens and dark shades of winter, this is just the right time to have a light jacket on in colors such as beige and cream. You might also want to try the brown palette for jackets.

5. Bright colors. Spring is the time when you can put away your blacks, and grays and come out with the brighter palette of colors such as crimson, pinks, yellows, blues and oranges. This is the time to be experimental with colors and wear colors that you might not have worn otherwise.

6. Ruffles and flounces. This is what spring is certainly about. Wear all the possible flounces and ruffles and this will also go on to give you a chic layered look for the season.

7. Right shoes. The shoes such as fake yeezys or straps with heels are just perfect. There is a good enough variety in Christian Louboutin shoes brand. In case you feel that they are too pricey how about trying the Christian Louboutin fake ones.

8. Denim. This is the time to experiment with denim in your wardrobe. You do not need to only have it for jeans or jackets but could also add it for bags.

9. Nude colors. If you don’t want to try out really bright colors then the colors for this season are the nudes. They can be easily teamed up with bright colors to accentuate them.

10. White and lace. That is a precedent to the summer. White and lace never go out of fashion and can be the most feminine thing to be worn. A white dress or blouse with a skirt or pants is just the right thing to accentuate your feminine silhouette and get you looking gorgeous.

With these spring essentials in your wardrobe you are certainly all set to welcome it.

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Go Green and Save Money With LED Lighting Wed, 21 Sep 2022 12:01:25 +0000 Read More]]>

The media has made us aware of environmental issues such as global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and many more issues concerning our natural resources. We hear so much about recycling and going green. The new technology in light bulbs has an answer to reducing all of these planet-damaging issues. LED light bulbs also have the answer to how to lower your electric bill. Let’s take a look at some of the simple facts.

The initials LED stand for light emitting diodes. The technology, development, and production of LED light bulbs have now made them an affordable, money-saving alternative to traditional incandescent lighting. The compact fluorescent bulb has won the hearts of many homeowners because of its energy efficiency. This is the spiral-shaped light bulb that can be seen in many homes today. Although this new compact fluorescent bulb present many advantages, the LED bulbs far surpass both the incandescent bulb and the compact fluorescent bulb in many categories.

The average lifespan of an LED bulb is 50,000 hours compared to the compact fluorescent bulb at 8,000 hours and the incandescent comes in last at 1,200 hours. The same period of time that it takes a 60 watt incandescent bulb to use 60 watts, the CFL (compact fluorescent bulb) will use 13-15 watts, and the LED will use 6-8 watts. Based on average use of 30 light bulbs of 60 watt strength, the operating costs for each type of bulb would be: incandescent bulbs – $328.59/year, CFL bulbs – $76.65/year, and LED bulbs – $32.85/year. The savings with LED lighting are substantial.

What about the environmental impact of tool less led flood light? Based on the average use of 30 bulbs, the incandescent bulbs gives off 4500 pounds of carbon dioxide emissions each year. The CFL lighting gives off a considerably lower 1051 pounds per year. The LED gives off only 451 pounds per year. This is because the LED bulbs do not heat up like the incandescent and CFL bulbs. The heat produces energy consumption which releases carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, and nuclear waste into the atmosphere. Also the LED and incandescent lighting contain no mercury or any other toxic substance. The CFL bulbs do contain levels of mercury which is very toxic to your health and the environment.

Other important facts that do affect some types of light bulbs are sensitivity to temperature and humidity. The CFL lighting and the incandescent lighting are both sensitive to extreme heat, to extreme cold, and to extreme humidity. The LEDs are not sensitive to any of these conditions. Another possible issue is the on/off cycling of certain light lighting. The incandescent bulb can show some signs of reduced lifespan when turned on and off quickly, in a closet for instance. The CFL bulb’s lifespan is greatly reduced by such on/off cycling. The LED bulbs are not affected at all by this cycling.

The amount of light that a bulb produces is measured in lumens. A 60 watt incandescent light will put out 800 lumens. A 13-15 watt CFL light will produce the same. A 6-8 watt LED light will produce the same 800 lumens. The LED bulbs are also more durable than its two counterparts. The LED bulb can take some jarring and bumping and are not as fragile as the filaments inside the incandescent lights and the glass CFL lights. These both can break very easily.

The facts speak for themselves. The LED light bulbs help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from power plants and lower electric bills for homeowners and businesses. Although the initial purchase price of LED bulbs begin at $18.00, the real savings and benefits will soon be realized. As production and demand increase, no doubt these prices will begin to fall. Many homeowners and businesses are starting out replacing the most heavily used lights first with LED lights.

There is a better alternative to traditional incandescent energy- consuming lighting. LED lighting is a money-saving, energy- efficient alternative and is just another way to help preserve our natural resources. Help purify the atmosphere, help preserve our environment, save money by going green with LED lighting.

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4 Questions To Ask A Caterer Before Hiring Them Sun, 18 Sep 2022 23:54:00 +0000 Read More]]>

Trying some catering services can help you compare services and prices and this can allow you to choose the best among them. Most catering services have fixed prices to charge different types of events depending on the number of guests. However, it’s always good to ask a hospitality business to walk you through their calculations, as such fixed prices are just rough estimates. By asking this question, you can assess whether your prices are within the market price category or too high. If your wedding venue doesn’t have in-house catering services or a list of preferred vendors, start the search by refining a list of catering services you love. Once you’ve chosen a few options, tap while the iron is hot and schedule appointments.

If they’re not open to making the adjustments they want, they may not be the best catering provider for you. Many places have a list of preferred providers, including likely catering services for those places that don’t offer catering services. You may need to work with one of the caterers listed, but even if you’re not, this can be a plus for you. If you use someone on that list, you’ll be familiar with your event venues and everything that goes with them, from the rules to the arrangement of the space.

So, if you plan to include cocktail drinks, wine, or anything with alcohol, you’ll need to contact both location management and your catering provider. For example, stationary snacks are more affordable than for a Pass Hors-d’Oeuvres where servers move trays of food around the location. If the party is a complete dining experience, then you choose between a buffet and a waiter (seating service on plates).

You have to ask this question to get an idea of what types of food they offer. It will also tell you if the chef is versatile enough to create a custom menu based on your needs. With so many decisions to be made, the process can be stressful and time-consuming, making hiring an efficient event catering company a critical decision. By partnering with a reliable catering company for your event, you can take advantage of their expertise to make a lasting impression on your guests. We all know that the big day is, well, a big deal and everything has to be flawless. One of the most important considerations of your reception is your food and drink options.

This is one of the most important considerations to keep in mind so that you can keep track of your budget. Keep in mind that most catering services offer a rate per guest, but it’s important to know exactly what’s included. This may seem obvious, but the cost is important, especially since catering costs can become exorbitant and quick.

After all, catering for a wedding or corporate event is a big deal and requires a lot of work and skill to be well present. Therefore, you want to be sure that the catering service you hire has previously worked at such large parties and that they know what they are Oyster catering NY doing. The reputation of a hospitality business is another important factor. You don’t want to worry about whether the caterer can deliver what he promises, especially at a big event. Like service personnel, you should check for reviews before making a decision.

The Complete Guide to the Path of Exile Archnemesis Modifiers and How They Affect the Game Sat, 17 Sep 2022 05:57:06 +0000 Read More]]>

Along with the launch of Path of Exile’s newest expansion, Siege of the Atlas, the Archnemesis Challenge League got its start at the same time. This event kicks off a brand-new cycle of new content that will last for thirteen weeks and also serves as the occasion for each player to create a brand-new League character from the ground up. You will find statues of petrified monsters in each region as you explore everything the update has to offer. These statues can be found throughout the game. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about the new Archnemesis mechanic, including how these statues function and the modifiers that they offer.

Path of Exile’s Guide to Archnemesis Modifiers and Statues: How They Work

The gist of the new League is as follows, in the event that you have not seen our preview of Siege of the Atlas. The majority of the game’s environments will now feature unique boss fights thanks to Archnemesis. This indicates that as you move from one quest to the next or complete a map in the Atlas of Worlds, you will come across several statues, each of which is holding a petrified monster hostage inside of it. You will need at least one Archnemesis Modifier in order to start the encounter after it has been set up.

These are known as modifiers, and they are POE Curreny Items that confer an advantage on the adversary by bestowing upon them a particular condition. Each one of them consists of a certain level, the buff itself, and a type of reward that you will receive if you are successful in eliminating the adversary. You can find Archnemesis Modifiers as drops from blue to unique monsters. There is no assurance that you will always be successful in acquiring one, but in my observations, the drop chance has been relatively high.

You can loot modifiers once you find them, and once you do, they will be added to a separate inventory screen that is dedicated entirely to the new League mechanic. Because the display is an 8×8 grid, you have the capacity to keep track of up to 64 different modifiers at once. It might look like a large number, but if you don’t use them, they’ll start to pile up, so you should definitely keep the space in mind, even if it’s separate from your main inventory.

Now, proceed to any of the statues in the area and activate the glowing icon that is located atop each one of them. This will open the screen for the modifiers, as well as a more compact screen on the right side of the screen with up to four slots. To begin the encounter, select a modifier, decide which one you want to use, put it in the appropriate slot, and then press the start button.

The catch is that the Archnemesis Modifier actually gives the monster an advantage, allowing it to reap the benefits that are conferred by the modifier. All of the modifiers that have been applied to the area up to this point will be passed down to any newly petrified monsters that appear in the area. This indicates that the second encounter will have two modifiers, the third encounter will have three modifiers, and the fourth encounter will have all four of Curreny Items add it to your favorites. It is a great way to further increase the rewards you receive; however, the fights will become more difficult with each subsequent attempt.

The Complete List of Archnemesis Modifiers for Path of Exile’s League Mechanic

Yes, as you might have anticipated, there is a great deal of Archnemesis Modifiers to discover. However, you can only use one type of modifier in each area, so keep this in mind in case you’d rather save them for a later area. You can only use one modifier type in each area.

Following this, you will find the complete list of modifiers:

  • Overcharged is a status effect that causes the monster to gradually grant charges to itself as well as to allies
  • The monster possesses pinpoint accuracy and can score hits
  • Sentinel: This monster has block and spells block as additional abilities
  • When the monster is hit, the reckoning begins
  • Steel-Infused: This monster has increased physical damage as well as increased resistance to physical damage
  • Flameweaver gives the monster resistance to fire damage and increases its fire damage
  • Hasted: Monster is much more nimble
  • Berserker: Monster enrages as it loses life
  • Weaver of Chaos This monster has resistance to chaos damage and an increased chance to deal it
  • Frostweaver is a monster that is imbued with the ability to resist and deal damage from cold
  • Toxic: Monsters possess increased levels of poison power
  • Echoist is a monster ability that allows it to repeat a skill multiple times
  • Permanent Frost: This monster possesses enhanced freezing and chilling abilities
  • The monster possesses enhanced ignite powers, making it incendiary
  • Monster has enhanced projectile capabilities and will, at regular intervals, fire a barrage of mortars, according to Bombardier
  • Arcane Buffer gives the monster enhanced energy shield abilities and causes it to unleash a stunning nova whenever the energy shield is broken
  • The Stormweaver monster has resistance to lightning damage and lightning damage itself
  • Dynamo: Monster possesses enhanced shock capabilities
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Author: Logan Frati

Logan Frati is a former division I athlete who earned a bachelor's degree in history from Fairleigh Dickinson University in New Jersey. He currently resides in the northeastern United States with his beloved wife and first child on the way. He labors for the common good as a police officer.


A Look into the Publishing Process for Academic Journals

An important part of research is writing and publishing papers in peer-reviewed academic journals. Through a Princeton-alumni sponsored internship last summer, I was fortunate enough to co-author and publish two materials science review papers, one in a journal called Gels and the other in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, both a part of the Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, or MDPI. Since the publishing process was entirely new to me, I thought it would be helpful to give some insight into what publishing looks like, which is helpful especially if you are interested in pursuing research in graduate school. I will note that although having published papers is helpful for admission to graduate school, it is by no means required.

One of the review papers that I co-authored and published through my summer internship

Step 1: Finding a Journal

When finding a journal to submit to, it is important to consider both the impact factor and whether it is open access or subscription based. First, the impact factor is a numerical value indicating how important or influential a journal is in a specific field. The number can range from around 1 to over 10, where an increasing number represents a more influential journal. When looking for a journal to submit to, make sure to pay attention to the impact factors because it can help you decide whether or not to submit a paper to that journal. As a very general rule of thumb, first time authors might want to aim for journals with impact factors around 1 to 3, while experts in the field could submit to journals with 10+ impact factors.

Additionally, it is important to recognize whether the journal is open access or subscription based. Open access journals, which are what both of my papers were published in, are free to the public to read online, while subscription-based journals require a person or institution to purchase a subscription in order to read the papers published in those journals. Even more, because open access journals do not charge subscription fees, they usually require the authors to pay when submitting and publishing their papers, while subscription-based journals do not require the authors to pay for submission. Therefore, if funding is an issue, it would be better to aim for subscription journals because of the reduced costs for publishing, although if you have funding, you should be able to choose between either. In my case, the research group leader I was working with had an invitation to submit a paper to Gels at a reduced cost, which influenced us to ultimately submit to that journal.

Additionally, when trying to choose between different journals to submit to, one more important aspect of the publishing process is that typically, you can only submit to one journal at a time. For this reason, people will often submit to their top-choice journal first, and if they don’t get accepted to that, then they will apply to their next choices. If you are looking for some ideas for journals to submit to, your research adviser is a great resource because they can offer suggestions based on their own experience with publishing, and they can point you to which journals are a good fit based on impact factor, publishing costs, and the scope of the journal.

Step 2: Formatting

Once you have your paper written (see this post for help in writing the literature review), journals will typically require you to format the paper in the style of the journal. For my papers, I downloaded the journal’s template from their website for a reference, and I also made sure to match my citations with the journal’s specific style. Often times, journals will have their own citation style, aside from the standard MLA, APA, or Chicago styles, so it’s a good idea to check the specifics for each journal. Additionally, I highly recommend using a citation platform like Zotero for keeping track of your citations because you can easily format the bibliography all at once into the journal’s specific style, instead of having to do each citation individually. Also, if journals have a custom citation style, you can usually download their Zotero extension from their website and import it into your Zotero account for easy use.

Step 3: Receiving Feedback, Editing, and Final Decision

In my experience, it took a couple of weeks to receive feedback from the reviewers. However, this timeline varies a lot by the journal, so anywhere from a week to several months can be normal. For the first round of edits, the reviewers will write comments on your paper and say whether or not they recommend for the paper to be published in that journal. Additionally, the journal will give you a timeframe in which you should revise the paper based on the feedback from the reviewers and resubmit, which in my case was approximately one week, although this timeline varies by journal as well. After resubmitting, they will send a second round of edits, and then the editor of the journal will review the paper and make a final decision on publication. The exact timeline for the feedback process varies from journal to journal, so make sure to check the specifics of the journal you submit to.

Overall, I am grateful to have experience publishing papers as an undergraduate student because it will help prepare me for research as a graduate student and in my career. For my paper published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, the revision process was very smooth, but for the other paper in Gels, the review process took much longer due to the major revisions that we were asked to do. You never know what type of feedback or responses you will get from the reviewers, and the more experience you can get with the publishing process, the more prepared you will be for the future. If you have an opportunity to publish a paper, I would definitely recommend the experience because it allows you to gain more familiarity with the research process, which is important if you are considering graduate school or pursuing a career in research.

–Bridget Denzer, Engineering Correspondent


How Tall Are Irish Wolfhounds On Their Hind Legs?

Do Irish Wolfhounds Bark?

Irish Wolfhounds are not known for being barkers. They are more likely to bay than they are to bark. However, some individuals may still be prone to barking, particularly if they are alerting their owners of a change in the environment around them. Irish Wolfhounds can become aggressive when it comes to food or protecting their home and family.

In general Irish Wolfhounds are not known for being big barkers. This is because they were bred to hunt large game and needed to be silent in order to not scare away their prey.

Irish Wolfhounds are not a barker. This is because they were bred to hunt large game and needed to be silent in order to not scare away their prey.

How Tall Are Irish Wolfhounds On Their Hind Legs?

The Irish Wolfhound is a tall breed of dog, standing on his hind legs he may be 7 feet tall. Greyish-white in color with a long brown mane, the Irish Wolfhound is a gentle giant. This large dog is known to be a good guard, and due to their large size they may stand at an impressive height of seven feet.

Their noses could easily reach lower than their bodies, and the long, drooping ears will have an odor like a wet sheep about them. The eyes are light colored and are set on high, and the head is long, oblong in form with a muzzle that covers nearly half of it. The neck is short but muscular and well-boned, with shoulders of medium width.

The feet are very large and round, with close-fitting toes. The tail is long and tapers slightly at the tip, but unlike some other breeds of dogs the tail is not curled over the back.

Where Are Irish Wolfhounds From?

The Irish Wolfhound was developed in Ireland, where it was first bred to hunt wolves. The Irish Wolfhound was then spread all over the world, and soon became a popular breed of dog.

The Irish Wolfhound is well known for being a hunting dog that has been around for years. In fact, Ireland has the most of these dogs, and the United Kingdom boasts of a good number as well.

The Irish Wolfhound was first bred in Ireland in the early 1800s to hunt some of their large forest game, most notably deer. Due to the popularity of this breed, Irish Wolfhounds were introduced around the world and have been an integral part of canine history ever since. The breed has adapted well to various environments and climates, making them the perfect breed for most conditions.

The Irish Wolfhound has been a popular choice for those who have decided to raise their own Wolfhounds as they are incredibly adaptable dogs. They can be used in hunting in large packs or used as a herding dog, but they are also used in guarding homes and chasing down livestock or other animals. These dogs are known to be patient and loyal companions, which makes them great family dogs.

What Are The Health Problems Of The Irish Wolfhound?

The Irish Wolfhound may suffer from von Willebrand’s Disease, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), and megaesophagus.  The breed is known to be very healthy in general but if left unsupervised they could suffer from other ailments such as canine hip dysplasia, patellar luxation, gastric torsion (a twist in the stomach), bloat, and von Willebrand’s Disease.

The best thing to do is make sure your dog has regular health checks with a qualified veterinarian.

The Irish Wolfhound can suffer from canine hip dysplasia and patellar luxation. The latter is a genetic disorder which has been named after the sieve hounds.

The Irish Wolfhound may also suffer from canine osteosarcoma (bone cancer) and megaesophagus, which is a condition that causes an enlarged esopheagus.

The Irish Wolfhound may also suffer from progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). PRA causes severe blindness in dogs by causing degeneration of the retina and optic nerve in the eyes of the dog. However, this disease is considered to be quite rare in Irish Wolfhounds.

Why Do Irish Wolfhounds Live So Short?

The Irish Wolfhound may die from heart disease, bone cancer, bloat, and many other less common diseases. It’s a very old breed of dog that may suffer from these types of diseases more often than most dogs.

The Irish Wolfhound can live anywhere between 6 and 10 years, with a decent number of dogs living between 8 and 10 years.

Irish Wolfhounds are known to suffer from bloat and grommet when they are young as these tend to be more common in younger dogs. The bloat is a condition that affects the stomach in which the stomach twists and creates a torsion within its lining. This results in a lack of blood flow, which causes the dog to die because of shock or fluid loss very quickly.

Grommets are actually a hole where the stomach attaches to the walls of the abdomen, and this hole is still left after being born. This causes an obstruction which makes it harder for the dog to eat properly, making it suffer from malnutrition.

The Irish Wolfhound can also suffer from megaesophagus, which is a condition that causes an enlarged esopheagus. This may be caused by a lack of cerebrospinal fluid, most likely due to a birth defect. Both megaesophagus and bloat are a big reason for the Irish Wolfhound’s tendency to live a fairly short life span.

The Irish Wolfhound may also have skin problems, as they are prone to many skin and ear issues. Serious skin problems include allergies, and ear issues may include otitis externa and aural hematoma.

The Irish Wolfhound may also suffer from club feet or an abnormal placement of the patella (kneecap) which can be managed surgically if it is not too severe. The patella actually moves across the stifle of the dog when it walks, and the odd placement of this could mean that the dog’s movements could be hindered.

How Much Does An Irish Wolfhound Eat Per Day?

An Irish Wolfhound’s diet consists of approximately 500 grams of raw meaty bones, plus a salmon and potato meal per day.

The meal consists of different types of meat, including beef and lamb, but is also supplemented with a large amount of hay and raw turnips.

To get more of the nutrients your dog needs, you may want to supplement their diet with fresh fruits and vegetables.

Can An Irish Wolfhound Kill A Wolf?

Yes, Irish Wolfhounds could kill a wolf. It would be pretty unlikely to happen today. They were trained to hunt wolves and were used in the 19th-century when wolves were a threat to livestock and people. Wolves are not usually seen in Europe or North America, so they are rarely needed to hunt them.

Can You Shave An Irish Wolfhound?

The Irish Wolfhound can be trimmed the hair around his ears, eyes, and feet so that he is more comfortable. The long hair will then grow back thicker than before.

It is possible to shave Irish Wolfhounds, but they are quite sensitive and will require lots of time and care. The hair around their eyes will need to be shaved before they can wear their collars with any kind of neatness.

What Makes An Irish Wolfhound?

His breeding program for Irish Wolfhounds was based on the Glengarry Deerhounds. Captain George Augustus Graham, a supporter of the Irish Wolfhound, utilized Glengarry Deerhounds, Borzoi, and a Tibetan Mastiff to revitalize the breed.

The new breed was called the Irish Wolfhound, and the Irish Wolfhound Club of America was established in New York in 1886. In Europe the Irish Wolfhound is known as the “Irish Deerhound”.

Irish Wolfhounds are descended from British mountain dogs, Welsh Deerhounds, Scottish Deerhounds, and Scottish Terriers. These breeds were bred together by Captain Graham and his team to create an all-purpose dog who can hunt deer, foxes, and wolves.

The Irish Wolfhound is known for his great speed and endurance, but also for his defense abilities, which are due in part to his thick and short-haired coat.

The Irish Wolfhound has only been recognized as a breed by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) since 1895.

What To Know Before Getting An Irish Wolfhound?

Irish Wolfhounds require at least 40 minutes of daily exercise and do best in a home with a large fenced yard. This is because they are bred as hunting dogs and need to be able to run long distances.

Irish Wolfhound puppies who are still in the process of being house trained need to be provided with a fenced yard. Some Irish Wolfhound owners have reported that their puppies chase away potential prey from their yards and may be afraid to remove themselves from the yard if they have a fear of their surroundings.

It’s important to consider what a dog will be used for when you are getting one. Irish Wolfhounds tend to be quite active and territorial, so it’s best to know where you will keep your dog and where he’ll be able to get exercise, in order for him not to become bored or aggressive.

Irish Wolfhounds will want to be around you or other people at all times, so if you like to spend time in your room or want to isolate yourself from your dog, then this might not be the breed for you.

What Does Irish Wolfhound Patronus Mean?

Having the Irish Wolfhound as your Patronus indicates that you take comfort in power – not boisterous or physical strength, but the quiet, unassuming kind that only rears its head when needed — the kind that comes from inner stability, as opposed to aggression or volume. The Irish Wolfhound’s unique, compelling eyes project this sort of power, so it’s no surprise that one would want to draw on it.

Irish Wolfhound owners are usually kind people who are extremely loyal to their friends and family. They are also strong-willed people and need a lot of self-control in order to keep them and their dogs in check. Irish Wolfhound owners tend to be open minded, tolerant, honest people who have a good amount of common sense.

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The illusive Pygmies that were slowly replaced by the Bakongo, Bateke and Sanga peoples first settled the Republic of the Congo in the mid-15th century.

Once the Portuguese discovered the coastal areas, the natives (having made friends quickly) began to cooperate with the Europeans, and the slave trade started to flourish. The coastal area, in fact, became a major source for the transatlantic trade.

A series of revolts led by Kimpa Vita during the 17th century ultimately soured the relationship between the Kongolese and Portuguese. These battles lasted throughout much of the 1600s, as the Kongolese fought the Portuguese against their push for extra territorial rights.

Kimpa Vita, a Catholic nun, established the Anthonian prophetic movement after seeing visions of St. Anthony of Padua commanding her to restore the kingdom of Kongo. Although her revolt was short lived, and relatively unsuccessful, she managed to capture the capital Mbanza Kongo. Portuguese Capushin Friars condemned Kimpa Vita for being a witch, and ordered her death.

For many nationalists she is a symbol of African resistance against early colonialism, and widely regarded as the African version of Joan of Arc.

Over many decades, an array of European traders searched for additional economic opportunities within the Congo region, and then, in 1891, this resource-rich land was colonized by the French, and named the French Congo – later the Middle Congo.Congo - sitting relax

Under the command of the French, the natives of the Congo suffered through forced labor, and saw their valuable rubber and ivory resources exploited as well.

In 1945, Jean-Felix Tchicaya was elected into the French Parliament, becoming one of the first African leaders given the opportunity.


Why do Americans want to go back to the Moon?

On September 12, 1962, US President John F. Kennedy set America a goal: to send astronauts to the Moon before the end of the decade. “We choose to go to the Moon (…) not because that it’s easy, but because it’s difficult”, he declared then in the middle of the Cold War, during a founding speech delivered at Rice University, in Texas. Sixty years later, the United States is about to launch the first mission of its return program to the Moon, Artemis. But why repeat what has already been done? Criticism has risen in recent years, for example from Apollo 11 astronaut Michael Collins, who accused NASA of not thinking big enough by not aiming directly at Mars. But for the American space agency, the Moon is a must before a trip to the red planet. Here are his main arguments:

To learn to live far away

IN IMAGES, IN PICTURES 50 years later, relive in images Apollo 11 and the first steps of Man on the Moon

NASA wants to develop a sustainable human presence on the Moon, with missions lasting several weeks – compared to just a few days for Apollo. The goal: to better understand how to prepare for a multi-year round trip to Mars. In deep space, space radiation is much more intense and poses a real threat to health. Low orbit, where the International Space Station (ISS) operates, is partly protected by the Earth’s magnetic field, which is not the case on the Moon. From the first Artemis mission, many experiments are planned to study the impact of this radiation on living organisms, or to assess the effectiveness of an anti-radiation jacket. Moreover, while the ISS can often be resupplied, trips to the Moon (located 1,000 times further), are much more complex. To avoid having to transport everything, and thus reduce costs, NASA wants to learn how to use the resources present on the surface. In particular water in the form of ice, whose existence has been confirmed on the South Pole of the Moon, and which could be transformed into fuel (water is made up of oxygen and hydrogen, used by rockets) .

To test equipment

NASA also wants to test on the Moon the technologies that will allow it to evolve on Mars. First, new spacesuits for spacewalks. Their design was entrusted to the company Axiom Space for the first mission which will land on the Moon, in 2025 at the earliest. Other needs: vehicles (pressurized or not) for the astronauts to move around, as well as housing. Finally, for sustainable access to an energy source, NASA is working on the development of portable nuclear fission systems. Solving any problems that arise will be much easier on the Moon, only a few days away, than on Mars, which can only be reached in at least several months.

⋙ Mars: what were the discoveries of the Curiosity rover, ten years after its landing on the red planet?

A step on the road to Mars

Another part of the Artemis program is the construction of a space station in orbit around the Moon, called Gateway, which will serve as a relay before the trip to Mars. to be finally joined by the crew to set off, explains to AFP Sean Fuller, manager within the Gateway program. A bit like “going to the gas station to check that we have everything”.

⋙ Apollo missions: the surprising and little-known story of lunar trees

Not to be overtaken by China

Apart from Mars, another reason put forward by the Americans for settling on the Moon is to do so… before the Chinese. While in the 1960s the space race raged between the United States and Russia, today the big competitor is Beijing. China plans to send humans to the moon by 2030. “We don’t want China to go there and say it’s our territory,” NASA boss Bill Nelson.

To expand scientific knowledge

Finally, even if the Apollo missions brought back to Earth nearly 400 kilograms of lunar rock, new samples will make it possible to further deepen our knowledge of this star and its formation. “The samples collected during Apollo have changed our vision of the solar system. “, underlined with AFP the astronaut Jessica Meir. “And this will continue with Artemis. “Thanks to the investments and the scientific enthusiasm generated by these new missions, it also anticipates concrete benefits on Earth (technologies, engineering, etc.), as in the time of Apollo .

Read also :

Apollo 11 and the others: everything you may not have known about the conquest of the Moon

Apollo 11 mission: the jokes of astronauts on the moon

Apollo 11 mission: the jokes of astronauts on the moon

Space: the mystery of the rock of the planet Mars “Black Beauty” finally revealed

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The purpose of this study was to realize the cognition and practice of sports education concepts from all walks of life in China, and eliminate the barriers of traditional systems and mechanisms, it will point out the direction for the training of Chinese competitive sports reserve talents to get out of the predicament and move towards high-quality development. The cultivation of reserve talents for competitive sports in China has gone through three stages: “combination of sports and education,” “combination of education and sports,” and “integration of sports and education.” Through analysis, it is concluded that the problems encountered by high-level sports teams in Chinese colleges and universities in the process of talent training. First, the sports department mainly cultivated reserve talents in the past, and the evaluation of athletes paid more attention to medals and honors. However, the main focus of the work of the education department is to enhance the physical fitness of the students and promote the physical and mental health of the students. Secondly, the lack of investment in training by universities leads to low coaching level and ability of coaches, which is the main factor restricting the training of athletes. Finally, in actual campus life, athletes spend most of their time in daily competitions and training, and their cultural performance is not good, which leads to their inability to truly master the cultural knowledge of their chosen major during their studies, it is challenging to choose a career as an elite in related industries after graduation. First, the main body of implementing the training of competitive sports talents in the new era in the sports department and the education department. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the coordination, communication and cooperation between the two departments to realize the sharing and sharing of resources between them. Secondly, universities should provide athletes with diversified teaching projects and practice forms. The teachers’ team is divided into two categories: physical education teachers and physical education coaches. Teachers are responsible for daily classroom teaching work to achieve the goal of coordinated development of physical exercise and cultural learning. The coach is responsible for sports training, through scientific and systematic training to enable students to reach a specific level of competition. Finally, universities should adopt learning planning guidance for athletes to help them complete their learning tasks, improve their cultural literacy, and enable them to master sports skills without delaying their normal study life.


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The Ostrich Head Syndrome

Throughout my life here on the planet, I have come to find that the most paralyzing thing in my life is fear.

The fight or flight adrenal response

Everybody has an adrenal response to fear and most people refer to it as ‘fight or flight’.  This is where you are confronted by a lion and you either put your dukes up, or you run like an olympian away from the danger

The response system

While those are the two most common responses, they are not the only responses.  There is also the seemingly involuntary ‘freeze’ response.  This is where you would be confronted by a lion and your jaw drops, your muscles seize, and you cannot move.

Think of an opossum… they freeze when they are scared, which looks like they are playing dead.  Freezing works for them, when the predator sees this, they get bored and move on.

opossum playing dead
Opossum playing dead

(Nerdy side fact: the opossum is not to be confused with a possum, you can find the difference here.)  The difference for humans is that the freeze response doesn’t help with most situations.  We don’t need to (and shouldn’t) play dead… it freaks people out.

Humans can freeze in many ways, for me it is inaction.  Sometimes I am literally frozen in place, but that is a different topic together.  Most times it is passivity and can look like apathy.  The truth is, I care too much, I don’t have a lack of concern for anything, my brain just chooses my battles for me sometimes.

For instance:  If I am running low on funds, and I know I have some big bills coming up, I will suddenly develop ‘ostrich head syndrome’… I stick my head in the sand until I feel the danger has passed.  By the time I look up again, my bills may be late and my stress level just increased.  Not helpful.

(I promise I’m done with the animal metaphors…)

Learn to Face your Fears

I have had to learn to face my fears.  In DBT it’s called “opposite to emotion action”.  When I am afraid of something, whether it be a fear of going to a certain restaurant, a fear of telling someone I am upset, or simply a fear of not having enough money to pay the bills, I have to be mindful of it and do it anyway.  The more I challenge my fears – by going to that restaurant, asserting myself, and paying what bills I can – the more I realize that none of those events had the power to harm me.

No one likes to be uncomfortable, and facing our fears makes us uncomfortable.  The truth of the matter is that those feelings pass, like a wave, they swell, hit a peak, and then fall again.  In my experience, the temporary stress that is caused by confronting an issue is less bothersome than the long-term stress that is caused by the ostrich-head syndrome.

For example, I go to a gym that is supposed to be a “judgment-free zone”.  I ended up becoming friends with one of the employees and she told me that some of the male employees were judging people’s bodies as they walked through the door. I found this out 3 weeks ago, and I haven’t been back since. I was terrified that if I went in, I would be judged and the thought was humiliating.

The stress that I went through from worrying, losing endurance and strength, and missing out on the endorphins that exercise releases was way more of a hindrance than the momentary discomfort that I felt when I went to the gym this morning.  Honestly, I walked in and found out that those guys don’t even work there anymore.  Facing my fear had way more of a pay-off than hiding from it.  It is just hard to remember that in the moment.

Is fear bad?

Don’t get me wrong, some fears are completely legitimate.  Being afraid to walk across a busy interstate is justified, you will probably get hit by a car. I am talking about fears that are not justified.  Fearing Applebees is not a justified fear – It cannot hurt me, put me in danger, or in any way harm my well-being.  I am in no way suggesting that people go and put themselves in dangerous situations, I am challenging you to look at your fears, assess if they are logical, and then face them if they are not serving you.

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Why am I always so hungry after working out?

“Post training, many people get hungry due to our sympathetic nervous system. We cool down and then need to metabolize food in order to refuel for energy,” he says. “This is because during intense exercise, our metabolisms spike significantly compared to rest and stay like that even after we cool down.”

Why am I hungry all the time after working out?

Some degree of hunger after exercise is natural. The body fuels and repairs itself with food, after all, and — as mentioned above — intense exercise may naturally cause the body to require more fuel for the rest-and-repair operation.

How do you stop being so hungry after working out?

11 Ways to Stop Overeating After Your Workout

  1. Work out right before a meal. …
  2. Make your workout fun. …
  3. Pair protein and carbs. …
  4. Get milk. …
  5. Stop eating out of habit. …
  6. Don’t trust your tracker. …
  7. Snack throughout the day. …
  8. Don’t overestimate.

Does exercise give you more appetite?

Exercise More

During exercise, your body burns calories to sustain your energy levels. Physical activity can increase your appetite to replenish the calories burned ( 14 , 15 ). In fact, one study put 12 people through 16 days of continuous training. After this period, they burned 835 extra calories a day, on average.

IMPORTANT:  What does a CrossFit athlete eat in a day?

Do rest days help you lose weight?

For weight loss

Does exercising make you gain weight?

Do I lose weight if I don’t eat after a workout?

Does eating after exercise increase weight?

Is it better to workout when hungry or full?

Is it OK to exercise everyday?

IMPORTANT:  Question: Does Gold's Gym have a yearly fee?

When should you not workout?

What are signs of overtraining?

Symptoms and warning signs of overtraining

  • Inability to train or compete at a previously manageable level.
  • Delays in recovery from training.
  • Performance plateaus or declines.


What is large scale integration?

What generation is using the Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit?

fourth generation computers

How big is an integrated circuit?

At present, IC critical dimensions (or smallest dimensions of IC elements) are in the order of 10 nanometers (nm: 10-9m), which is extremely small.

What is LSI and SSI?

The first integrated circuits contained only a few transistors and so were called “Small-Scale Integration (SSI). They used circuits containing transistors numbering in the tens. ... LSI was followed by Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) where hundreds of thousands of transistors were used and still being developed.Nov 15, 2011

How many gates does large scale integration contain?

Explanation: The full form of LSI is Large Scale Integration and refers to more than 100 upto 5000 gates per chip.

image-What is large scale integration?
image-What is large scale integration?

What is the need of VLSI circuits?

VLSI affords IC designers the ability to design utilizing less space. Typically, electronic circuits incorporate a CPU, RAM, ROM, and other peripherals on a single PCBA. However, very large-scale integration (VLSI) technology affords an IC designer the ability to add all of these into one chip.Nov 10, 2020

On what year came the very large scale integrated age?

early 1970s the introduction of large-scale integration (LSI)—which made it possible to pack thousands of transistors, diodes, and resistors onto a silicon chip less than 0.2 inch (5 mm) square—led to the development of the microprocessor. The first microprocessor was the Intel 4004, which was introduced in 1971.

What is the difference between VLSI and ULSI?

LSI: Large Scale Integration, the number increases to become between 500 and 300k components (more than 100 gates). VLSI: Very Large Scale Integration, It contains over 300k components. ULSI: Ultra large Scale Integration, It contains over 1 million transistors over a single chip.

What does VLSI mean in electronics?

Very large-scale integration (VLSI) refers to an IC or technology with many devices on one chip. The question, of course, is how one defines "many." The term originated in the 1970s along with "SSI" (small-scale integration), "LSI" (large-scale), and several others, defined by the number of transistors or gates per IC.

How does size affect an integrated circuit?

Speed and Power : Smaller size of IC components yields higher speed and lower power consumption due to smaller parasitic resistances, capacitances and inductances.

What is the disadvantage of integrated circuit?

Disadvantages of ICs:

If one component in an integrated circuits fails, it means the whole circuit has to be replaced. It is difficult to be achieved low-temperature coefficient. It can be handled an only a limited amount of power. Coils or indicators cannot be fabricated.

What are the four generations of integrated circuits?

Integrated circuit generations

MSI (medium-scale integration) - 10 to 500 transistors and 13 to 99 logic gates. LSI (large-scale integration) - 500 to 20,000 transistors and 100 to 9,999 logic gates. VLSI (very-large-scale integration) - 20,000 to 1,000,000 transistors and 10,000 to 99,999 logic gates.
Jun 30, 2019

What are integrated circuits?

integrated circuit (IC), also called microelectronic circuit, microchip, or chip, an assembly of electronic components, fabricated as a single unit, in which miniaturized active devices (e.g., transistors and diodes) and passive devices (e.g., capacitors and resistors) and their interconnections are built up on a thin ...

What is MSI and LSI?

– The next step in the development of integrated circuits, introduced devices which contained hundreds of transistors on each chip, called "medium-scale integration" (MSI). – Further development, driven by the same economic factors, led to "large-scale integration" (LSI, with tens of thousands of transistors per chip.Apr 22, 2014

What is the difference between LSI and VLSI?

VLSI (very large-scale integration) is the current level of computer microchip miniaturization and refers to microchips containing in the hundreds of thousands of transistor s. LSI (large-scale integration) meant microchips containing thousands of transistors.

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