Global Crisis and Ethical Imperative of Our Time

Dr. Mahfuz Parvez, Associate Editor,
Joseph Camilleri, Emeritus Professor, La Trobe University.

Joseph Camilleri, Emeritus Professor, La Trobe University.

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"Momentous challenges are pressing in on us on all sides. One day it is Covid, the next day Ukraine, the day after the ravages of climate change, then the many ugly faces of racism. The list goes on", worte Joseph Camilleri, Emeritus Professor at La Trobe University, a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Social Sciences, and convener of the initiative Conversation at the Crossroads.

In an article tittled 'The Best of Times, The Worst of Times' published by 'Toda Peace Institute' of Japan, Joseph Camilleri raised five crucial questions in the context of onging global situation and consequently suggested  six-step process which are very important for peace building and conflict resolution.

Against the backdrop of the contemporary crisis, look at the questions raised by Professor Joseph Camilleri, who has authored or edited over thirty books and written over 120 book chapters and journal articles, covering issues of security, dialogue and conflict resolution, theories of international relations, the role of religion and culture in the contemporary world, and the politics of the Asia-Pacific region and has convened several major international dialogues and conferences, most recently Towards a Just and Ecologically Sustainable Peace (2019):

  1. Are these just unconnected afflictions, or symptoms of a deeper ailment?
  2. How do we make sense of it all?
  3. Can we go beyond political spin, propaganda, platitudes?
  4. How do we communicate with others about all this?
  5. How can we respond?

According to Professor Joseph Camilleri, "we are witnessing Russia’s military thrust into Ukraine, and its appalling consequences, with no resolution of the conflict yet in sight. It graphically encapsulates the turbulence of our age. At the end of the fourth week of fighting, UN estimates suggest some 1,200 civilian lives lost, and close to 2,000 injured, not to mention the thousands of military casualties on both sides.To this gruesome scorecard must be added the wholesale destruction of infrastructure, some 6.5 million internally displaced people, and close to 4 million forced to flee the country."

Professor Joseph Camilleri pointed out the the Russia no doubt has legitimate grievances fuelled by successive waves of NATO expansion that have brought the US-led military alliance right to Russia’s doorstep. The coming to power of a government in neighbouring Ukraine intent on joining NATO has added fuel to the fire. Many Russians, not just Putin, feel they have been subjected to relentless provocation and humiliation, and the Russian minority in Ukraine to intimidation and harassment. But none of this justifies the use of force, or the terrible suffering to which the people of Ukraine have been subjected.

"The imposition of hefty sanctions by the United States and its allies is more likely to hurt ordinary Russians than the oligarchs. Freezing the assets of Russian Central Banks and Russian sovereign funds, excluding Russia from the SWIFT messaging system, suspending the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline project, and a host of other poorly thought out measures will adversely impact other economies and an already fragile global financial system", Professor Joseph Camilleri added.

He also mentioned, "as for the vitriol levelled against Putin by the United States and some of its more boisterous allies, it will do little to facilitate a negotiated settlement of the conflict. Accusations of war crimes would carry greater moral authority, if they had been levelled with equal force against Western leaders responsible for the destruction showered upon the people of Iraq and Afghanistan."

Professor Joseph Camilleri observed the role of mainstream Western media has been less than helpful. Alleged facts and interpretations offered by the Ukrainian military and political elite are headline news, while Russian voices, including those of independent Russian scholars, are barely heard. As for US military and intelligence sources (often unnamed) and their acolytes in think tanks with loud voices, their assessments are taken as gospel.

"The cumulative toll of half truths, disinformation and outright deception—political, cultural and psychological—will be felt for years to come", he stated.

The most respected Political Scientist warned that the most distressing casualty is the possible, perhaps probable, return to a full-scale Cold War. Senseless talk of no-fly zones, the escalating delivery of lethal military aid to the Ukraine, the foolhardy damage done to nuclear power plants, and the foolish use of nuclear threats have made this one of the most perilous moments since WWII.

'How might we get out of this mess?' according to Professor Joseph Camilleri "the short answer is: with great difficulty." But as a contribution to the conversation, he proposed a six-step processl based on two principles: that the silencing of guns is crucial, but not enough; and that key issues are invariably interlinked, and must be approached holistically.  He outlined the steps as follows:

  1. Immediate ceasefire (ideally a UN monitored ceasefire) which can be sustained only when each side gains something and concedes something: Moscow stops the use of force and Kyiv enters into substantive negotiation on Russia’s legitimate grievances.
  2. No further delivery of lethal military aid to Ukraine and a massive international programme to deal with the humanitarian crisis.
  3. Phased withdrawal of Russian forces from Ukrainian territory once negotiations on Russia’s longstanding concerns make substantial headway.
  4. Use of good offices: the UN Secretary-General and key governments with effective access to either or both sides (e.g. China, France, Turkey, South Africa, India) can all play an important role in different ways and at different stages of the negotiating process.
  5. Establishment of a sizeable UN peacekeeping forceonce Russian forces have withdrawn. Such a peacekeeping operation may be needed for some considerable time (US, Russian and allied forces should not form part of part of this operation).
  6. These arrangements should make way for a longer-term series of negotiations between Russia, the United States and their European allies with a view to advancing nuclear disarmament agreements as well as significant steps towards demilitarisation. These arrangements would form part of a new European wide framework of common, cooperative and comprehensive security that encompasses climate change and other critical environmental issues.

"None of this will happen overnight or without a massive global awakening of human wisdom and energy. Possibilities for renewal are discernible. Intellectuals, artists and scientists around the world, religious leaders, small media outlets, countless advocates and engaged citizens toiling away on different fronts offer an inspiring alternative to what is", he said with importance.

"At the same time", he said, "our capacities to communicate and connect with others, not just in our personal networks but nationally and internationally, are expanding almost exponentially. These possibilities, however, remain embryonic. We are witnessing a growing awareness of the multifaceted ailment which afflicts the human condition at this time. But it is not enough."

"If the public conversation is to rise to the challenge and generate more insightful and energetic engagement, we must go beyond symptoms and explore what lies behind the ailment. Nor can we stop there. We must think through what a healthier condition, a preferable state of affairs might actually look like" he noted.

Professor Joseph also said, "If substantial change is envisaged—let’s say a substantial shift in current security policies, or effective media regulation, or a climate friendly energy policy—one thing is clear: the way ahead is strewn with roadblocks. Many are content to point the finger at short sighted, incompetent or corrupt leaders. If only it were that simple. Powerful interests are often hidden from public view. Deeply entrenched community mindsets are often resistant to change. Some of our institutions may no longer be fit for purpose. How are these roadblocks to be overcome?"

He concluded with an optimistic view that these are issues that call for a sustained and wide-ranging public conversation within and between countries. But such an ambitious exploration cannot rely on the knowledge or insights of a few. The ethical imperative of our time is to enhance our collective capacity to make a difference."

Dr. Mahfuz Parvez, Professor, Political Science, University of Chittagong and Associate Editor,

Flourishing Democracy in Ukraine is Putin's Real Fear

Dr. Mahfuz Parvez, Associate Editor, Barta24. com
Flourishing Democracy in Ukraine is Putin's Fear

Flourishing Democracy in Ukraine is Putin's Fear

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'The Journal of Democracy' has been covering Putin’s war on Ukraine since the invasion began. In an article tittled 'What Putin Fears Most' published in 'The Journal of Democracy' on April 2022, VOLUME 33, ISSUE 2, and jointly written by Rob Person and Michael McFaul mentioned, "Putin is terrified of the prospect of a flourishing democracy in Ukraine."

The article is highly appreciated for its academic values and received global attentions. The authors of the article, however, are well known for their skills, expertise and wisdom.

The lead author Robert Person is associate professor of international relations at the U.S. Military Academy, director of its international affairs curriculum, and faculty affiliate at its Modern War Institute. His next book, 'Russia’s Grand Strategy in the 21st Century', is forthcoming.

The co-author Michael McFaul, former U.S. ambassador to Russia, is professor of political science at Stanford University, director of the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, and Peter and Helen Bing Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. His most recent book is 'From Cold War to Hot Peace: An American Ambassador in Putin’s Russia' (2018).

In their lucid and analytical article, the authors categorically claimed that the
Russian president Vladimir Putin wants you to believe that NATO is responsible for his February 24 invasion of Ukraine—that rounds of NATO enlargement made Russia insecure, forcing Putin to lash out.

This argument has two key flaws. First, NATO has been a variable and not a constant source of tension between Russia and the West. Moscow has in the past acknowledged Ukraine’s right to join NATO; the Kremlin’s complaints about the alliance spike in a clear pattern after democratic breakthroughs in the post-Soviet space.

This highlights a second flaw: Since Putin fears democracy and the threat that it poses to his regime, and not expanded NATO membership, taking the latter off the table will not quell his insecurity. His declared goal of the invasion, the “denazification” of Ukraine, is a code for his real aim: antidemocratic regime change.

Putin may dislike NATO expansion, but he is not genuinely frightened by it. Russia has the largest army in Europe, engorged by two decades of lavish spending. NATO is a defensive alliance. It has never attacked the Soviet Union or Russia, and it never will. Putin knows that.

But Putin is threatened by a flourishing democracy in Ukraine. He cannot tolerate a successful and democratic Ukraine on Russia’s border, especially if the Ukrainian people also begin to prosper economically.

That would undermine the Kremlin’s own regime stability and proposed rationale for autocratic state leadership. Just as Putin cannot allow the will of the Russian people to guide Russia’s future, he cannot allow the people of Ukraine, who have a shared culture and history, to realize the prosperous, independent, and free future that they have voted and fought for.

Although the chance of a stable ceasefire seems remote today, unprecedented sanctions and growing public dissent within Russia could, in theory, force Putin to the negotiating table. The fog of war is dense. But regardless of where the Russian invaders are stopped—be it Luhansk and Donetsk or Kharkiv, Mariupol, Kherson, Odesa, Kyiv, or Lviv—the Kremlin will remain committed to undermining Ukrainian (and Georgian, Moldovan, Armenian, and the list goes on) democracy and sovereignty for as long as Putin remains in power and maybe longer if Russian autocracy continues.

And the Ukrainian people have already proved their mettle: They will fight for their democracy until the day Russian forces leave Ukraine.

This is the essence of the article, with which many disagree, but its evaluation cannot be ignored. No doubt, further analysis of Russia's aggression in Ukraine will continue. The various parties will investigate the cause of the conflict from different angles. But in all discussions, the impact of Ukraine's democracy and independence-mindedness will be the major focul point that really Putin fears most.

Malaysia: New Destination of Healthcare

Dr. Mahfuz Parvez, Associate Editor,
Sunway Medical Centre (SMC), Malaysia

Sunway Medical Centre (SMC), Malaysia

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Generally India has been the first destination for Bangladeshis seeking treatment due to many factors including cost, quality, facilities, doctors, culture etc. It is also statistically true that a large number of patients are going from Bangladesh to other countries.  However, their experience is not always good. It is reported that in many cases, the quality of healthcare is declining and patients are suffering due to lack of proper attention, facilities and transparency in terms of billings.

In this context, Malaysia is emerging as a suitable option. Malaysia is fast becoming a strong competitor in the global health and medical tourism sector. Given the potential of health tourism as a foreign exchange earner, the Malaysian government has taken a series of proactive measures to enhance Malaysia as a preferred health tourism destination.

According to official policy, Health tourism in Malaysia consists of two main categories which are medical tourism and wellness programme. Patients can opt for medical treatments in one of Malaysia's internationally recognised hospitals, and stay on during the convalescence or recovery period. Or they can come for a holiday by exploring the various forms of wellness programmes that are available in Malaysia.

Global medical newspapers describe competitive medical fees and modern medical facilities are two vital factors that make Malaysia a popular destination among health tourists. Patients can undergo treatment and recuperate in any part of the country for much less than what it would cost them for a treatment in other countries. For example, a normal cardiac bypass surgery (CABG) in Malaysia would cost only between US$6,000 and US$7,000 equal to Bangladeshi Taka 5 to 6 lakhs.

Malaysia offers a wide choice of state-of-the-art private medical centres boasting an impressive array of sophisticated diagnosis, therapeutic and in-patient facilities. These establishments are well-equipped and staffed to ensure the highest level of professionalism, safety and care to patients. Most private medical centres have certifications for internationally recognized quality standards such as MS ISO 9002 or have been given accreditation by the Malaysian Society for Quality of Health.

Besides, Malaysia is not too much in terms of medical expenses.  Moreover, due to the many places of Muslim culture, modern facilities and trave destinations, Malaysia may be a suitable place for complex patients or health check-ups purposes.

However, not many people in Bangladesh know about Malaysian medical tourism due to lack of information and publicity. In fact, more than 500,000 people travel out to India, Thailand and Singapore for treatment due to unavailable service, misdiagnosis and improper treatments in Bangladesh. Thus, it is important for Bangladeshi patients to consider Malaysia as an lucrative option of seeking medical treatment.

When contacted,  Ms Nurul Hasyikin binti Adanan of Sunway Medical Centre (SMC), the largest private hospital in Malaysia told, with 29 centres of excellence, 617 licensed beds, more than 60 specialities & sub-specialties and more than 200 specialists, SMC provides a comprehensive range of medical and surgical solutions. As a quaternary hospital, SMC specialises in the areas of cancer, blood diseases, nuclear medicine, orthopaedic, robotic assisted surgeries, gastroenterology, neurology, neurosurgery, cardiac and vascular, women and children. Kidney transplant, paediatric cardiac surgery, bone marrow transplant are also available in Sunway Medical Centre, Sunway City. We also equipped with the latest technologies like Radixact-X9 Tomotherapy, Mako SmartRobotics, Leksell Gamma Knife Icon, Varian TrueBeam Stx, Philips Biplane Azurion 7 B12 (Angiographic System), Philips Biplane Azurion 7 I-Q Clarity B20/15 (Angiography System), 4-D PET/CT Scanner, da Vinci® Si Surgical System (3rd generation), da Vinci® Xi Surgical System (4th generation), Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT), SPECT-CT Scan, Brachytherapy and many others.

Sunway Medical Centre also is the biggest private hospital in Malaysia having sub-specialties like Paediatric in Dermatology, Neurology, Hematology & Oncology, ENT, Respiratory, Orthopaedic, Gastroenterology etc., she added.

Most private medical centres in Malaysia also offer comfortable accommodation ranging from private rooms to suites for single occupancy or more. Room charges, inclusive of meals, vary at medical centres but are attractively priced. Some medical centres even provide highly qualified and trained private nurses and personal butlers at a reasonable cost.

In brief, factors that contribute to making Malaysia a centre of medical excellence in the region are listed below:

  1. a) Safe and politically stable country
  2. b) Wide choice of world class infrastructure facilities e.g. National Heart Institute and Tun Hussein Onn National Eye Hospital, Sunway Medical Center (SMC).
  3. c) Competitive and affordable pricing and favourable exchange rate
  4. d) Highly qualified, experienced and skilled consultants with internationally recognised qualifications
  5. e) Tolerant multi-cultural and multi-racial Malaysian society accommodates patients of different cultures and religions
  6. f) Communication is easy - English speaking medical staffs
  7. g) State-of-the-art technology, such as MRI, 64-Slice CT Scan, PET Scanner for early detection of cancer and other diseases, cyberknife which is able to radiate tumours without damaging adjacent vital structures
  8. h) Quality and safety system in place, such as ISO and accreditation by the Malaysian Society for Quality in Health (MSQH)
  9. i) Recently, the Ministry of Health, Malaysia has set up a Corporate Policy and Health Industry Division to promote medical tourism and related healthcare products including traditional medicine, etc. As such, the Ministry's promotional efforts are more focused with the support from relevant government agencies and private sector
  10. j) Attractive and affordable packages during recuperation period.

To ease entry formalities for patients, the Immigration Department of Malaysia has implements the Green Lane System at main entry points which expedites custom clearance for medical travellers. Accompanying family members or friends of the patient can take advantage of their visit to sample Malaysia's various interesting tourist attractions. Cities like Kuala Lumpur and Penang offer a truly comprehensive range of both health and tourism services, all within easy reach.

Interested person can find more information in  Sunway Medical Centre (SMC) website at

or write to ([email protected]).

The War in Ukraine Will Not End Soon

News Desk,
The War in Ukraine Will Not End Soon

The War in Ukraine Will Not End Soon

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Analysts expect the war in Ukraine to continue at a high level of intensity through 2022, and at a greater or lesser tempo for years to come. According to many experts the war is still at a relatively early stage, and they envisage several possible outcomes, including Russia’s annexation of more territory, a further rout of Russian forces and a negotiated settlement.

However, war specialists expect several factors to prolong the war. The first is that the issues at stake for Ukraine and Russia are existential and are not susceptible to compromise. Ukraine is fighting for its right to self-determination. Its government and people have shown that they are prepared to make great sacrifices to defend their national sovereignty. As long as Russia is occupying Ukrainian land, it will be difficult for any Ukrainian government to make concessions on this fundamental issue.

Meanwhile, Russia has presented its invasion as a “special military operation” to protect Russians in Ukraine against a Nazi-type regime. Backing off from completing what it presents as an existential mission is almost impossible. Putting aside its outlandish claims, Russia’s real aim appears to be to put a stop to Ukraine’s integration into Western institutions such as NATO, which it regards as a security threat. For Vladimir Putin’s regime, winning the war in Ukraine, or being seen to win, has become vital to its future survival.

Besides, the war in Ukraine is not just a regional conflict: it has become a much larger confrontation between the West and Russia. In this sense, it has some of the characteristics of a proxy war, with the West standing four-square behind Ukraine in its fight against Russia.

Western leaders have said that they will not become directly involved in the war, but their provision of military aid and intelligence to Ukraine carries the risk of their being drawn inadvertently into the conflict. The longer the war drags on, the greater the risk of the West being pulled in, either as a result of a military miscalculation by either side or of the war accidentally spilling over into a NATO member state. Such an unplanned event would pose the risk of a much more serious global conflict.

Even if such a scenario is avoided, the war marks a geopolitical watershed. It will result in Russia’s exclusion from the Western economic and political order. Sanctions will remain in place indefinitely, and Russia will become a no-go area for Western businesses. The Kremlin will come to rely increasingly on China and the developing world. The West will have to reorganise its global supply chains, including for commodities supplied by Russia. Ukraine and the wider region will remain a zone of instability for many years to come.

The war could very well turn into a protracted stalemate because neither side is capable of defeating the other. Having suffered major setbacks in the first months of the war, it is unlikely that Russia will succeed in subjugating Ukraine. Russia’s invasion has turned the Ukrainian population irrevocably against it, including in areas in the east that were traditionally pro-Russian. This means that even its lesser aims, such as forcing neutrality on Ukraine and obtaining Ukrainian consent to territorial losses, will be very difficult to achieve unless the course of the war changes dramatically.

Despite its undoubted military superiority over Ukraine, several factors have undermined Russia’s ability to press home this advantage. Its war planners badly miscalculated the willingness of Ukrainians to fight and the preparedness of their army. Ukraine has mobilised the entire country behind its war effort, whereas Russia is suffering from a manpower shortage and has so far eschewed a full mobilisation.

In addition, Russia’s army is fighting on hostile terrain, appears to be badly led and trained and suffers from low morale.

Finally, Russia’s military may be technologically superior to that of Ukraine, but it has proved no match for NATO’s advanced weapons systems, which Ukraine now has at its disposal.

In contrast, Ukraine’s army is fighting on its own territory against a foreign invader, is strongly motivated to fight and appears to be well-led. It can draw on advantages such as the support of the population and knowledge of the terrain.

In addition, Ukraine is receiving considerable intelligence, logistical, military, political and financial support from the West. Nevertheless, even with Western weapons, Ukraine is unlikely to be able to inflict a decisive defeat on Russia. Ukrainian forces have already routed the Russians in their attempted advance on Kiev. Large number of experts suggest that Ukraine could inflict a similar defeat on Russia’s army in the Donbas. However, Russian forces are well-established and better supplied in the east, and it will be difficult for Ukraine to drive them out. This cannot be ruled out entirely, but, given the Kremlin’s determination to do whatever it takes to obtain a result that can be framed as a victory, Ukraine is unlikely to be able to deliver a knock-out blow to Russia’s military.

In this context, the war in Ukraine will not end soon, according to a large number of experts.

Joe Biden Arrives in Asia

News Desk,
Joe Biden Arrives in Asia

Joe Biden Arrives in Asia

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U.S. President Joe Biden arrives in Asia for the first time as president. He’s traveling to South Korea and Japan, but the subtext of the trip is that it’s all about China.

Joe Biden touched down in Asia on May 20 for the first time in his presidency, kicking off a high-profile trip meant to bolster ties with regional allies and launch a new trade initiative.

During the four-day long tour, Biden will have a key opportunity to reinforce partnerships with South Korea and Japan and reaffirm the region’s longstanding importance to U.S. foreign policy—especially with regard to China.

“China fits into this as a primary target, there’s really no better way to put it,” said Yun Sun, a senior fellow at the Stimson Center, who noted that Beijing has remained a top priority on Washington’s national security agenda. The “U.S. is trying to strengthen its coordination and cooperation with allies and partners in order to deal with China more effectively,” she said.

Biden’s first stop is Seoul, where he will meet with the new South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol; from there, he will head to Japan for meetings with Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida. The tour will culminate with a Quad summit in Tokyo, convening Biden, Kishida, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and the winner of Australia’s Saturday election.

In Tokyo, Biden is also expected to officially unveil the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework, a new U.S.-led initiative that would be designed to strengthen trade and supply chains in the region.

“The message we’re trying to send on this trip is a message of an affirmative vision of what the world can look like if the democracies and open societies of the world stand together to shape the rules of the road,” said U.S. national security advisor Jake Sullivan. “We think that message will be heard everywhere. We think

Jake Sullivan. “We think that message will be heard everywhere. We think it will be heard in Beijing.”

But neighboring North Korea could disrupt hopes for a smooth trip. Both U.S. and South Korean officials have warned that Pyongyang could be plotting to conduct a nuclear or missile test to coincide with the tour, and Sullivan said the White House is bracing for the worst-case scenarios. “We are preparing for all contingencies, including the possibility that such a provocation would occur while we are in Korea or in Japan,” he said.

If Pyongyang conducted a test during the trip, it “will add another layer of urgency,” said Sun. But at the same time, she added, “a North Korea provocation is not going to be a big surprise because even before the Biden administration, I think people were anticipating that North Korea is going to act out.”


Hello, I am looking for someone to write an article on Why America Won’t Get the Health-Care System It Needs. It needs to be at least 1250 words. The author of the paper tells that all Americans seem to agree that the current course is unsustainable going forward, and compared to other countries in terms of spending and outcomes, the United States is terrible when it comes to quality and affordable health care. Rather than choose from extremes, the recommended course of action going forward should be to learn from and implement policies instituted by other nations who have enjoyed great success. Koreans, for instance, have access to lower cost quality preventative care than people in the United States and do not need to find preferred health care providers. Because of government policies and industry initiatives, every Korean citizen benefits from the system. Knowing the success of the Korean system first-hand, rather than instituting a government-controlled health care system, the American federal government ought to structure the private health insurance system (through regulation) in such a way to help every single American acquire affordable health care. It is difficult to make an argument against both extremes of the health care debate without coming off as politically motivated by the other side. However, from a moderate perspective, consider the problems inherent to a free market solution first. Luke Mitchell comments that a market approach is the “most acceptable locus of reform” and that “in Washington, there is little that is considered wiser or more bipartisan than a preference for markets” (Mitchell). However, unlike other markets, where little government intervention may bring about efficiency, the health care system is not equivalent to the market for staples. The demand for not dying is unlimited. Moreover, as Mitchell points out, whenever a problem arises in our nation, the Federal government always finds a way to become involved, or to involve private industry but only with provisions from the government on how to act in the space. Regardless, the free market solution is overly optimistic for some and ideologically-motivated in essence.


European Western Balkans
Belgrade-Pristina Dialogue

McAllister: Vučić and Thaçi have raised the normalisation to the “next level”

David McAllister; Photo: European Union

BRUSSELS – Chair of the European Parliament Committee on Foreign Affairs and rapporteur on Serbia David McAllister said that it is currently impossible to predict either the content or the date for reaching a potential agreement between Belgrade and Pristina, but also that Vučić and Thaçi have decided to raise the normalisation to the “next level”.

In the light of President Vučić’s visit to Kosovo, as well as meeting with Thaçi in Brussels that did not take place, McAllister stated for Tanjug that there are challenges, but also that Presidents have shown commitment.

“I am aware that the dialogue is very challenging. However, there are positive signals for building mutual trust. Both sides have secured Vučić’s arrival in Kosovo. It would be positive if the new round of dialogue continued in Brussels by the end of the month”, McAllister said.

Asked about differences in positions of the sides in dialogue and international community on the possible content of the final solution, as well as date for reaching it, rapporteur for Serbia pointed out that it is Belgrade and Pristina who decide “on the topics and time-frame” of the negotiations, while EU is only facilitating the dialogue.

“It is currently impossible to predict either content or date of a potential agreement”, McAllister stated.

He emphasised that comprehensive normalisation of relations would be beneficial for the future and stability of the region and Europe as a whole.

Related posts

Countryman: Border changes not an answer in the 21st century

New Government of Kosovo revokes the reciprocity measures on import from Serbia

EP’s Reports on Serbia and Kosovo: What kind of solution was actually supported?


amiibo Wiki: Richter

Richter’s amiibo figure was first released on January 17, 2020 and is compatible with Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, where he is considered mid-tier. If you would like to read Richter’s full-fledged training guide, you can do so here.

Super Smash Bros. Ultimate

Between Simon and Richter, Simon is actually the fighter with more representation in competitive amiibo tournaments. This is because Simon’s amiibo figure was released several months prior to Richter’s, and so several amiibo trainers who purchased the Richter amiibo had already trained a Simon and did not see the need to retrain Richter. In terms of in-battle skills, Richter’s biggest strength is his long-ranged moveset. His forward tilt, in particular, can shut down fighters whose own attacks do not outrange it.

Unfortunately, many of Richter’s competitive strengths in human-versus-human matches do not apply to competitive amiibo training. His AI is notorious for its poor usage of its special moves: it makes no attempt to properly space Axe, and thus gets punished after using it at point-blank; it cannot utilize Cross for complex setups and combos, and it rarely uses Holy Water to its fullest potential. As a result, optimally-trained Richter FPs are forced to forgo their special moves entirely, which results in Simon and Richter being among the weakest newcomers introduced in Ultimate (alongside Inkling). Furthermore, Richter’s poor recovery means he cannot afford to go off-stage to edgeguard, as he would be left far too vulnerable to gimps.

Overall, Richter has accrued somewhat weak tournament results and representation. His underwhelming AI has dropped his competitive viability and impacts his performance in the Raid Boss format as well. Regardless, trainers like jozz and Dreamy Jay have found success with the character anyway. If you would like to learn how to train your own Richter amiibo in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, please refer to our updated training guide.

If you would like to return to the amiibo Wiki, please follow this link.

Gaming guides and essays, updated every day!


countSelected works in constraint column, but it does not in calculation column

I am trying to count the number of selections made by users with a select_multiple variable. I tried different solutions and found the followings:

  1. In the display.prompt.text column, I can use {{ data.<select_multiple_variable_name>.length }} to get the total selections.

  2. In the constraint column, countSelected(data(’<select_multiple_variable_name>’)) works. (e.g. countSelected(data(‘my_variable’))>=3)

However, I don’t just want to display the count or use it for validation. I want to store the count in a variable and use it in calculation. I tried to use both the above solutions in calculation column and neither works.

Could somebody please advise me how can I get the count of selections made in a select_multiple prompt type.

When you say that you want to store the count and tried the calculation column – did you try to assign a variable using this calculation? This is how you would do such an operation.

Yes, I set the assign in the ‘type’ column, variable name in the ‘name’ column and the following expression in the ‘calculation’ column.

When I look at the newly assign variable through display.prompt.text, nothings showed up. It looks like that {{ data.newly_assigned_variable }}

I put select_multiple, assign, and note(display) lines between begin screen and end screen to see the update directly. (when I tested without the begin screen and end screen, the same result came out.)

Dear elmps2018, I found my problem. I did not give a chance to run assign command. I tested again removing begin and end screens. This time, I add a new line with note type after assign command. So, when the control arrive the note line, the assign line has already run, and consequently show the variable in note screen.

Anyway, thank you so for your advice. Because of it, I became confident that the assign command and countSelected function would work together.


A warm-up is an important part of any exercise session. It helps prime your body and your mind for the work ahead, while potentially reducing your chance of injury. A warm-up can be as simple as walking on the treadmill for a few minutes before a run or completing a set of weight exercises with light weights. A warm-up may also entail dynamic moves such as jumping jacks and core rotations to prepare you for the activity to follow. A warm-up lasts just five to 10 minutes, but provides significant benefits.

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

The first benefit of a warm-up is that it prepares the cardiovascular system for the stimulation of exercise. As your muscles are stimulated by movement, your heart responds by pumping more blood, faster. A warm-up eases your cardiovascular system into these greater demands and prevents too quick a rise in blood pressure. Your body and brain need to connect for a workout to be effective and safe. A warm-up helps your body shift gears from whatever activity you were doing prior to hitting the gym. You let the body know that it should become prepared for more explosive activity than you do while driving in your car or sitting at your desk.

Body Temperature

Your body performs better when your body temperature is slightly higher. A warm-up, especially in the early morning, helps raise your body temperature so you experience a slight improvement in performance. The American Council on Exercise also notes that you may experience greater efficiency in calorie burning when your core body temperature is higher.

Muscle Pliability and Oxygen Delivery

A warm-up increases the movement of blood through your tissues, resulting in greater pliability of the muscles. Elastic muscles are less likely to become strained or tear. The warm-up also primes your body to deliver nutrients and oxygen to working muscles, so they can perform at their best.

When your nervous system is ready to go, it better communicates with your muscles. A dynamic warm-up, including moves such as slow mountain climbers, lunges and plank position, is especially effective in getting the central nervous system ready to go. When your nerve-to-muscle pathways communicate clearly, your body responds with quicker reaction times and more agile movements.

Mental Preparedness

If you bring your day’s stresses to the gym, you may experience a less-than-stellar exercise session. Stress distracts you and slows you down. You also fail to concentrate on the task at hand, which could mean sloppy form and possible injury. A warm-up can help you separate your exercise session from the rest of the day so you are mentally prepared to get results.

Exercising Longer

Your body gives up on exercise when too much lactic acid builds up in the blood. Without a warm-up, lactic acid can build up quickly, making a workout seem nearly impossible in the first few minutes. If you warm up, however, your energy systems adjust to the increased demands, and lactic acid builds up less quickly and suddenly. As a result, you can work out longer and harder.

Joint Safety and Core Activation

A warm-up can increase the range of motion in your joints, specifically the knees, hips, ankles and shoulders. Immobile joints limit your ability to move efficiently, slowing you down and reducing power. Stiff joints are also vulnerable to injury. A warm-up that involves the spine, glutes, hip flexors, abdominals and back muscles prepares you to be stable and balanced during your session. This core preparation also helps protect your joints from injury by giving you control over your movements.

Overcoming Objections

A warm-up may help you work out on days you just don’t feel like it. If you are trying to talk yourself out of a trip to the gym, commit to going for at least 10 minutes for a warm-up. After those 10 minutes, if you still feel like going home – do. Chances are you'll feel better than you think and feel ready to move. A warm-up can also help you test a body that is overcoming illness or injury. If you are unsure whether you should sideline your exercise plans, try a light warm-up. If you feel weak or an injury continues to nag, skip the day.


Parallel algorithms notes uptu pdf

Cs name paper id subject code subject name click below to view b. Prerequisites no prior knowledge in parallel algorithms computing is assumed. Weve seen parallel algorithms that are somewhat ine. This tutorial provides an introduction to the design and analysis of parallel. A library of parallel algorithms carnegie mellon school. An introduction to the thrust parallel algorithms library. Parallel algorithms pram p processors, each with a ram, local registers global memory of m locations each processor can in one step do a ram op or readwrite to one global memory location synchronous parallel steps various con. Introduction to soft computing neural networks, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm course objective soft computing refers to principle components like fuzzy logic, neural networks and genetic algorithm, which have their roots in artificial intelligence. For each algorithm we give a brief description along with its complexity in terms of asymptotic work and parallel depth. A library of parallel algorithms this is the toplevel page for accessing code for a collection of parallel algorithms. Emphasis is placed on fundamental algorithms and advanced methods of algorithmic design, analysis, and implementation.

You can also connect to our facebook page and get updates of notes, previous year papers and much more. A generic algorithm is mainly analysed on the basis of the following parameters. Parallel algorithm 5 an algorithm is a sequence of steps that take inputs from the user and after some computation, produces an output. A parallel algorithm can be executed simultaneously on many different processing devices and then combined together to get the correct result. This course is a firstyear graduate course in algorithms. Brents principle provides a schema for realizing the inherent parallelism in a problem.

The only prerequisite is that one should be comfortable with randomized algorithms. An algorithm for a parallel computer provides a sequence of operations for each processor to follow in parallel, including operations that coordinate and integrate the individual processors into one coherent task. Parallel algorithms note pdf download lecturenotes for free. Having taken a course in algorithms, probability, and computing1. Lecture 7 design and analysis of divide and conquer algorithms. Parallel sorting basic task parallel algorithms coursera. As an example, consider the problem of computing the sum of a sequence a of n numbers. Cs 1762fall, 2011 2 introduction to parallel algorithms 1. Analysis of parallel algorithms is usually carried out under the assumption that an unbounded number of processors is available. Entire speed of computer operation hinges on disk subsystem and its algorithms mass storage activities freespace management storage allocation.

Algorithms in which several operations may be executed simultaneously are referred to as parallel algorithms. Lecture notes on data structures using c revision 4. The signals are transmitted in parallel through di. Performance measures of parallel algorithms, parallel mergingsorting algorithms on crewerew, parallel searching algorithms. The standard algorithm computes the sum by making a single pass through the sequence, keeping a running sum of the numbers seen so far. If messages from parallel broadcasts are combined, its possible to keep the message.

Quinn, designing efficient algorithms for parallel computer by mc graw. Choudhary ravi singh disclaimer this document may not contain any. Notes 1 time series sorted by day 2 measurements of zero are excluded from the time series 2 3. Parallel algorithms, pa study materials, engineering class handwritten notes, exam notes, previous year questions, pdf free download. A parallel system is the combination of an algorithm and the parallel architecture on which it is implemented. The size of the circuit is the number of gates and the parallel time is usually measured in terms of the maximum path length from any input gate to the output gate each gate contributes to a unit delay. Usually we give much more importance to time complexity in comparison with space complexity.

Intrusion detection o computer security we each have specific patterns of computer use times of day, lengths of sessions, command used, sequence of commands, etc. Similarly, many computer science researchers have used a socalled parallel randomaccess. It has been a tradition of computer science to describe serial algorithms in abstract machine models, often the one known as randomaccess machine. For test the parallel algorithm were used the following number of cores. Parallel algorithms pa study materials pdf free download. Merge sort recursively sorts two halves of an array, and we are going to do this thing in parallel. The design of parallel algorithms and data structures, or even the design of existing algorithms and data structures for parallelism, require new paradigms and techniques.

Throughout our presentation, we use the following terminology. Subject code name of subject periods credit evaluation scheme. The class was taught in the fall of 1992 by guy blelloch, using the programming, language nesl. Also known as parallel systems, tightlycoupled systems advantages include 1. Run sequential algorithm on a single processor core. These are the lecture notes for cs 15840b, a handson class in programming parallel algorithms. Cs535 parallel algorithms young 1 cs535 parallel algorithms 1 parallel mesh algorithms reference. Introduction to parallel algorithms and architectures. Students will learn how to design a parallel algorithm for a problem from the area of scientific computing and how to write a parallel program that solves the problem. Cluster computing lecture 1 introduction to cluster computing lecture 2 scalable parallel computer architectures lecture 3 cluster computer and its architecture, classifications lecture 4 components for clusters. Advanced algorithms electrical engineering and computer. Performance measures of parallel algorithms, speedup and efficiency of pa, cost. Learning goals after completion of the course, the student is able to design a parallel algorithm for a problem from the area of scientific computing or big data. An algorithm is a finite sequence of instructions, each of which has a clear meaning.

The number of processors is denoted with pn, also dependent on the input. Write short notes on any two a b c 2705 parallel version algorithm for allpair shortest paths gauss method for solving linear system parallel kruskal s algorithm for mst. Parallel algorithms are highly useful in processing huge volumes of data in quick time. Diwakar yagyasen science based open electives eoe031eoe041.

Parallel algorithm full notes book pdf download hello everyone i need notes or a book of parallel algorithm for preparation of exam. Click here for all courses previous year question papers. These notes attempt to provide a short guided tour of some. Course notes parallel algorithms wism 459, 20192020. Parallel algorithms a process is the basic building block of a parallel algorithm. However, it is important to note that the time for communication. What are some good books to learn parallel algorithms. The problem of polygonal approximation of a single curve can be extended to the case of multiple curves. Sarkar tasks and dependency graphs the first step in developing a parallel algorithm is to decompose the problem into tasks that are candidates for parallel execution task indivisible sequential unit of computation a decomposition can be illustrated in the form of a directed graph with nodes corresponding to tasks and edges. Techniques to be covered include amortization, randomization, fingerprinting, wordlevel parallelism, bit scaling, dynamic programming, network flow, linear programming, fixedparameter algorithms, and approximation. The standard algorithm computes the sum by making a single pass through the sequence, keeping a running sum of. Historical notes, human brain, neuron model, knowledge representation. The algorithms are implemented in the parallel programming language nesl and developed by the scandal project. Learning algorithms can learn the matching process by analyzing a large library database offline, can improve its performance.

Indian institute of technology iit recruitment 2019 junior technician and various posts. Sorting is a fundamental algorithm, so lets see how can we do sorting in parallel. This tutorial provides an introduction to the design and analysis of parallel algorithms. The total time total number of parallel steps is denoted with tn and it is a function of the input size n. Were going to implement a parallel version of merge sort.

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Jurnal plasmodium vivax pdf

Delay in preparation of the smears can result in changes in parasite morphology. Author summary plasmodium vivax pv is the most widely distributed malaria parasite globally, but conspicuously absent from africa. Lebih cepat dibandingkan siklus 48 jam pada plasmodium vivax, plasmodium ovale. Plasmodium vivax is a protozoal parasite and a human pathogen. Molecular docking investigation of new inhibitors of falciparum vivax article pdf available in computational molecular bioscience 0802. Costs and costeffectiveness of plasmodium vivax control. Vivax malaria definition of vivax malaria by merriamwebster. Other articles where plasmodium ovale is discussed. Plasmodium vivax wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas.

Plasmodium vivax malaria volume 11, number 1january 2005. Plasmodium vivax malaria is prevalent in many regions of the world. Following unsuccessful eradication attempts there was a resurgence of malaria towards the end of the 20th century. Plasmodium is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes that are obligate parasites of vertebrates and insects. Penyebaran alami parasit malaria disebabkan oleh nyamuk. Jurnal riset kesehatan identifikasi plasmodium malaria. Capillary blood should be obtained by fingerstick, or venous blood should be obtained by venipuncture. Plasmodium vivax definition of plasmodium vivax by medical. Sep 11, 2008 plasmodium vivax is estimated to affect 75 million people annually.

Bila dilakukan pemeriksaan, akan didapati pemeriksaan sediaan darah sd positif p. Patients exhibited cerebral malaria, renal failure, circulatory collapse, severe ane. Despite this, nonafrican travellers consistently return to their own countries with p. Plasmodium ovale centers for disease control and prevention. Blood smears, at least two thick and two thin, should be prepared as soon as possible after collection. The level of asexual parasitaemia determined by microscopy can be expressed in several ways. Journal jurnal ilmiah setrum klasifikasi jenis dan fase parasit malaria plasmodium falciparum dan plasmodium vivax dalam sel darah merah menggunakan support vector machine.

Doc morfologi dan identifikasi plasmodium vivax sitti ayu. Plasmodium vivax akan menjadi sekuester di beberapa organ, salah satunya adalah paru. Plasmodium falciparum is the most widespread in tropical and subtropical areas. The complex life cycle of malaria, lack of command support leading to poor execution of personal protective measures, and incomplete medical intelligence of the malaria threat all contributed. Jeanne rini poespoprodjo management of malaria training timika 2023 november 2017 plasmodium species. Available medical intelligence concluded that plasmodium falciparum was the predominant malaria threat in somalia. Jan 28, 2017 although severe malaria by plasmodium vivax has been increasingly reported, there are marked variations in the type and rate of the complications by geographic area.

Plasmodium falciparum plasmodium vivax plasmodium malariae. It is reportedly absent, however, from west and central africa due to the high prevalence of the duffy negative phenotype in the indigenous populations. Publications home of jama and the specialty journals of the. Life cycle, pathogenicity and prophylaxis of plasmodium vivax. Dormant liver stage parasites hypnozoites of plasmodium vivax and plasmodium ovale may reactivate weeks or months after the initial infection, producing relapses. Despite the high prevalence of disease caused by this parasite, research into its effects has lagged disproportionately. Since this discovery in the 1970s, the low clinical incidence of pv in africa has resulted in a perception of pv being. Renewed control efforts using a range of improved tools, such as longlasting insecticidetreated bednets and artemisininbased combination therapies, have more than halved the global burden of disease, but it remains high with 445 000 deaths and more than 200 million cases in 2016. Quiz ref id of the 4 plasmodium species that infect humans, plasmodium falciparum is the one with potential to rapidly progress to severe illness or death. Plasmodium vivax is a major public health challenge for central and south america, the middle east, central, south and southeast asia, oceania and east africa, where 2.

Life cycle, pathogenicity and prophylaxis of plasmodium. Jenis plasmodium yang banyak ditemukan di indonesia adalah p. The international journal for parasitology publishes the results of original research in all aspects of basic and applied parasitology, including all the fields covered by its specialist editors, and ranging from parasites and hostparasite relationships of intrinsic biological interest to those of social and economic importance in human and. Mixed infections with more than 1 species of parasite can occur. It accounts for more than half of all malaria cases in asia and latin america. Plasmodium vivax is one of four species of malarial parasite of humans transmitted by the anopheles mosquito, and the most common cause of recurring malaria. Antimalarial activity of kaf156 in falciparum and vivax.

The continued success of efforts to reduce the global malaria burden will require sustained funding for interventions specifically targeting plasmodium vivax the optimal use of limited financial resources necessitates cost and costeffectiveness analyses of strategies for diagnosing and treating p. Plasmodium vivax centers for disease control and prevention. Ipi klasifikasi jenis dan fase parasit malaria plasmodium. Protozoa ini masuk pada tubuh manusia melalui nyamuk anopheles betina. The life cycles of plasmodium species involve development in a bloodfeeding insect host which then injects parasites into a vertebrate host during a blood meal. This parasite is the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria. Malaria, parasit, penyakit parasit, plasmodium, parasitoid, cacing kremi, askariasis, rhipicephalus sanguineus, sistiserkosis.

Plasmodium vivax is a parasite that causes human malaria. Other articles where plasmodium vivax is discussed. Pdf molecular docking investigation of new inhibitors of. Failure to detect plasmodium vivax in west and central africa. Pada pemeriksaan sadt didapatkan hasil yaitu ditemukannya anemia dan plasmodium vivax. Plasmodium ovale is most prevalent in the west coast region of africa. The presence of asexual parasites in host red blood cells. Most nonfalciparum malaria cases are caused by plasmodium vivax. Pada tahun 20 penyebab malaria yang tertinggi adalah plasmodium vivax 44%, kemudian plasmodium falciparum 56%, sedangkan. This is possibly because of the presence of concurrent falciparum malaria or bacteraemia, and of differences in underlying immune status among the infected subjects. Antimalarial activity of kaf156 in falciparum and vivax malaria.

Parasite clearance in patients with plasmodium vivax or p. Delay in preparation of smears can result in changes in parasite morphology and. Ada empat spesies yang menyebabkan malaria pada manusia yaitu. Jan 15, 2008 but it soon became apparent that this infection could rapidly become uncontrollable, and after several fatalities, its use was largely discontinued in favor of the less virulent human parasite plasmodium vivax. Doc morfologi dan identifikasi plasmodium vivax sitti. Malaria merupakan penyakit yang mengancam jiwa yang disebabkan oleh parasit.

Plasmodium falciparum adalah protozoa parasit, salah satu spesies plasmodium yang menyebabkan penyakit malaria pada manusia. Severe plasmodium vivax infection in korea malaria journal. Plasmodium malariae has a widespread distribution area but is fairly scattered within this area. Plasmodium falciparum, plasmodium vivax, plasmodium malariae dan plasmodium ovale. Feb 27, 2015 chloroquine has been used as the firstline treatment for plasmodium vivax since 1946. Plasmodium vivax adalah protozoa parasit dan patogen manusia. Vivax malaria definition is malaria caused by a plasmodium plasmodium vivax that induces paroxysms at 48hour intervals. Malaria adalah penyakit parasit yang masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat di. Malaria parasites are generally rather choosy, both about their mammalian, avian, or reptilian hosts and their respective mosquito vectors. Komplikasi malaria berat pada infeksi plasmodium vivax suwandi. Komplikasi malaria berat pada infeksi plasmodium vivax.

The majority of african populations do not express the duffy blood group antigen, which is the only known receptor for pv infection. First inhuman vaccine study for malaria caused by plasmodium vivax. The resistance was first reported in papua new guinea 2, and was subsequently reported in several countries in asia 3 8. Although it is less virulent than plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest of the five human malaria parasites, p. Plasmodium malariae plasmodium vivax infected rbcs same size as noninfected rbcs, no schuffners dots infected rbcs enlarged treatment type of malaria knowledge of regional resistance severity of illness oral vs intravenous age of patient. Comparison of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax prevalence. It cycles between human and mosquito hosts to replicate. Plasmodium vivax, like falciparum, ranges over a wide area, but in relatively rare in african. Malaria is fatal disease caused by a parasite that commonly infects a certain what type ofis malaria mosquito which feeds on humans four kinds of malaria parasites have long been known to infect humans. Sebagian sporozoit tidak langsung berkembang secara.

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Captain’s log, stardate 20200902

Reader question about timesheets for weekly gigs

Fellow list member Jordan Anderson wrote in to ask what to do when a client asks for hourly timesheets even though you’re billing weekly (shared with permission):

Hi Jonathan,

Got a recurring photography gig where the client pays me a fixed price on a weekly basis. However, they still want me to track and submit my hours.

To me this feels like the client doesn’t know how to manage a creative project, so they default to the timesheet: "20 hours/week - good. 5 hours/week - bad."

I know that submitting my hours will give them the ammo to either micromanage or renegotiate a price because "I’m working too few hours per week."

How should I proceed?

Thanks so much, Jonathan. Big fan of both podcasts! Feel free to share this question with the listeners.

Cheers, Jordan P. Anderson

This is a classic problem with both daily and weekly rates. They’re just too easy to convert to hours.

In my experience, the client’s expectation is that if you’re getting paid by the week, you’re going to be putting in 40 hours or close to it. By the day? 8 hours or close to it. The further your actual hours are from the client’s expectation, the less satisfied they’re likely to be.

The irony here is that the client is focusing on the wrong thing in the first place. It doesn’t matter how many hours it takes, as long as you’re delivering results that are more valuable the them than the amount of money they paid you.

This raises the question:

Do you know what results the client values?

One of the many problems with hourly (or daily or weekly) billing is that it encourages everyone to start working before the desired outcome is agreed upon. If you don’t know what outcome they desire, then you have no way to pivot the conversation from the hours worked to the value provided.

But I digress...

Jordan’s question was about how to proceed when asked to provide timesheets for a weekly engagement.

I would politely reply:

“Oh, sorry! I don’t track my time.”

Depending on the nature of the relationship, I might add:

“But why do you ask?”

Asking why they want timesheets from me gives them the opportunity to explain their situation. Once I knew the motivation for the request, I might be able to suggest a work around.

In any case, I’d stick to my guns and not provide a time sheet, even if that meant losing the client.

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“coded aperture”

A Variable Density Sampling Scheme for Compressive Fourier Transform Interferometry

Abstract: Fourier Transform Interferometry (FTI) is an appealing Hyperspectral (HS) imaging modality for many applications demanding high spectral resolution, e.g., in fluorescence microscopy. However, the effective resolution of FTI is limited by the durability of biological elements when exposed to illuminating light.


Econland Simulation Game

Analyze 7 economic situations and their outcome using the scenarios and graphs provided. Analysis must draw a connection between the selected interest rate, income tax rate, corporate tax rate, government expenditure, and the approval rate for that year. Each year has a set scenario, result graph, and overall approval rating. Write from the point of view of an economic decision maker of a small country. Use outside sources to back up your findings.


Don't Generate Me: Training Differentially Private Generative Models with Sinkhorn Divergence

Although machine learning models trained on massive data have led to breakthroughs in several areas, their deployment in privacy-sensitive domains remains limited due to restricted access to data. Generative models trained with privacy constraints on private data can sidestep this challenge, providing indirect access to private data instead. We propose DP-Sinkhorn, a novel optimal transport-based generative method for learning data distributions from private data with differential privacy. DP-Sinkhorn minimizes the Sinkhorn divergence, a computationally efficient approximation to the exact optimal transport distance, between the model and data in a differentially private manner and uses a novel technique for controlling the bias-variance trade-off of gradient estimates. Unlike existing approaches for training differentially private generative models, which are mostly based on generative adversarial networks, we do not rely on adversarial objectives, which are notoriously difficult to optimize, especially in the presence of noise imposed by privacy constraints. Hence, DP-Sinkhorn is easy to train and deploy. Experimentally, we improve upon the state-of-the-art on multiple image modeling benchmarks and show differentially private synthesis of informative RGB images.

NeurIPS 2021


Who wrote Psalm 62 and why?

It is attributed to King David. The psalm offers a warning not to let one’s power erode one’s trust in God.

What is Psalm 62 say?

Psalm 62 1

What kind of psalm is Psalm 62?

62 is an individual psalm of trust or confidence (Kraus 1966:436, Anderson 1972:450);1 the prayer of a persecuted person (Weiser 1975 [1959]:446);2 a song of thanksgiving (Weber 2001:276);3 a composition only characterised by the forms and motifs of a psalm of trust (Hossfeld & Zenger 2002:373; Van der Ploeg 1973:365); …

Who wrote Psalm 61 and why?

Psalm 61 was written by David at a time when he was far from home and safety. It begins with his desperate cry to God. He is despairing, lost, and struggling. “My heart is overwhelmed!” he tells the Lord.

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Who wrote psalm 86 and why?

This psalm is the only one attributed to David in Book 3 of Psalms (comprising Psalms 73 to 89). The psalm is a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies.

Psalm 86
Other name Psalm 85 “Inclina Domine aurem tuam”
Language Hebrew (original)

What is the purpose of Psalm 62?

What does Selah mean in Psalm 62?

Selah is defined as a Hebrew word that has been found at the ending of verses in Psalms and has been interpreted as an instruction calling for a break in the singing of the Psalm or it may mean “forever.” An example of Selah is seeing the term used seventy-one times in the Psalms in the Hebrew Bible. interjection.

What are the enthronement psalms?

The enthronement psalms follow the genre of descriptive praise. In fact what they do is call others to praise God precisely in light of God’s lordship over history and over the nations. … They can by hymns when the call to praise is present in light of God’s glory that shines in Zion. Creation Psalms: 8, 89, 104, 148.

Who wrote psalms?

According to Jewish tradition, the Book of Psalms was composed by the First Man (Adam), Melchizedek, Abraham, Moses, Heman, Jeduthun, Asaph, and the three sons of Korah.

When my heart is overwhelmed lead me to a rock?

Christmas Gift Psalm 61:2 Scripture Sign, When My Heart Is Overwhelmed Lead Me To The Rock That Is Higher Than I, Rustic Wood Background, Beautiful Gift. Something went wrong. Please try again.

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What does lead me to the rock that is higher than I mean?

Lead me to the rock that is higher than I.

As the old adage reflects upon difficulties from times passed in life states, “This too shall pass.” We shall overcome this pandemic and let us cry out to our Rock in our times of distress and like David shall find comfort and peace.

What does the Bible say about a heavy heart?

“The Lord is close to the brokenhearted and saves those who are crushed in spirit.” The Good News: Though you may feel defeated, God is closer than you realize. He is always with you and can heal your heart. “But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.”

What were David’s vows?

Did King David write all of the Psalms?

The Psalms were the hymnbook of the Old Testament Jews. Most of them were written by King David of Israel. Other people who wrote Psalms were Moses, Solomon, etc. … But one can still put music to the psalms today.

What was David’s prayer?

Then King David went in and sat before the LORD and prayed, “Who am I, O Sovereign LORD, and what is my family, that you have brought me this far? And now, Sovereign LORD, in addition to everything else, you speak of giving me a lasting dynasty!

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Who was King David’s mother?

Nitzevet bat Adael (Hebrew: נִצֶּבֶת בַּת עַדְאֵל Nīṣṣeḇeṯ baṯ ʿAḏəʾēl) is a Jewish historical figure who, according to the Hanan b. Rava, was the mother of King David of Israel with her husband Jesse of Bethlehem.


Most common benign bone tumor

Bone Tumors (Benign) Cedars-Sina

Benign Bone Tumors - Emory Healthcar

  1. -most common benign bone tumors -can arise from any bone, but tend to occur near ends of LB -they are really hamartomas, outgrowths of normal bone and cartilage in abnormal locations -ppl aged 10-20 and may be singel or multiple (run in fams
  2. The prevalence of tumors of the rib bones ranges from 3 to 8% depending on the series,. The most common of the malignant costal tumors are metastases and myeloma and fibrous dysplasia is by far the commonest of the benign lesions,. These lesions are often discovered incidentally
  3. Based on the morphology and the age of the patients, these lesions are benign. Notice that in all three patients, the growth plates have not yet closed. In patients > 40 years metastases and multiple myeloma are the most common bone tumors. Metastases under the age of 40 are extremely rare, unless a patient is known to have a primary malignancy
  4. Enchondroma is the most common benign bone tumor seen in the small tubular bones of the hands and feet, especially in the adult population. Although isolated enchondromas may be seen in the growing child, most of these lesions will present as part of the multiple enchondromatosis complex, or Ollier's disease
  5. The four most common types of primary bone cancer are: Multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is the most common primary bone cancer. It is a malignant tumor of bone marrow—the soft tissue in the center of many bones that produces blood cells. Any bone can be affected by this cancer

Benign Tumors: Bone & Soft Tissu

What are the Common Benign Bone Tumors

Osteochondroma, or osteocartilaginous exostosis, is the most common skeletal neoplasm. The cartilage capped subperiosteal bone projection accounts for 20-50% of benign bone tumors and 10-15% of all bone tumors.Osteochondromas are most likely caused by either a congenital defect or trauma of the perichondrium which results in the herniation of a fragment of the epiphyseal growth plate through. Terms in this set (83) The most common malignants tumor of the bone are ______________. metastatic tumor. Primary bone tumors form less than ___ of all tumors in the human body. 1%. Metastases outnumber primary bone tumors by a ________ ratio. 10:1. Any persistent or progressive bone pain +/- mass needs a work up

Osteosarcomas are the second most common primary bone tumors in adults, second to plasma cell myeloma . Osteosarcomas may be classified according to the location of the tumor within the bone (central, intracortical, surface, periosteal, or parosteal), high- or low-grade, histological composition, number of foci and the status of the underlying. Osteochondromas are the most common benign tumors of the bones. The tumors take the form of cartilage-capped bony projections or outgrowth on the surface of bones exostoses. It is characterized as a type of overgrowth that can occur in any bone where cartilage forms bone. Tumors most commonly affect long bones about the knee and in the forearm

Enchondroma is a benign indolent intramedullary hyaline cartilage neoplasm. Accounts for 10% of all benign osseous tumors. Limited growth, most lesions are less than 5 cm in maximal dimension. Bones grow from a cartilaginous growth plate that gradually lengthens and turns into bone as it lengthens. An enchondroma can be thought of as an island. Benign tumors of the calcaneum are rare. Cystic lesions such as simple bone cysts and aneurysmal bone cysts are commonly seen. Aims and objectives: To evaluate tumors of the calcaneum, which were seen over a 12-year period. Materials and methods: We analyzed noninfectious, noninflammatory, benign lesions of the calcaneum seen in the Orthopedic Out Patient Department from 1991 to 2003 The most common bone tumor is a non-ossifying fibroma. Average five-year survival in the United States after being diagnosed with bone and joint cancer is 67%. [5] The earliest known bone tumor was an osteosarcoma in a foot bone discovered in South Africa, between 1.6 and 1.8 million years ago

Benign and Malignant Bone Tumors UConn Musculoskeletal

Osteochondroma is probably the most common benign bone tumor, but it is not very commonly encountered in the elbow. The incidence may be somewhat higher than that reflected in our surgical experience, however, because many osteochondromas in other locations are asymptomatic and presumably may also be in the region of the elbow Background: Curettage is one of the most common treatment options for benign lytic bone tumors and tumor like lesions. The resultant defect is usually filled. We report our outcome curettage of benign bone tumors and tumor like lesions without filling the cavity. Materials and methods: We retrospectively studied 42 patients (28 males and 14. Learn About Bone Lesions From Solid Tumors. Review Patient & HCP Informatio Detailed information on the most common benign bone tumors, including chondroblastoma, enchondroma, giant cell tumor, and osteochondrom

This benign tumor grows at the ends of the body's long bones, typically at the lower end of the thigh bone or the upper end of the shin bone, close to the knee joint. While these rare tumors aren't cancerous, they can be aggressive and destroy the surrounding bone. Surgery can remove the tumor and prevent further damage The most common benign bone tumor that presents as a palpable mass in a growing child is osteo-chondroma. The mass associated with an osteochondroma is firm and immobile and may be tender. The physical examination may help determine whether the mass is of osseous origin. In the case of

Bone Tumor: Types, Causes, and Symptom

  1. A NOF is the most common benign bone tumor in children and commonly occurs in the lower extremities in children between the ages of five and 15 years of age. Some researchers estimate that up to 40 percent of all children have a NOF at some point. Fibrous Cortical Defects
  2. Osteochondromas (osteocartilaginous exostoses), the most common type of noncancerous bone tumors, usually develop in people aged 10 to 20 years. These tumors are growths on the surface of a bone, which stick out as hard lumps. A person may have one or several tumors. The tendency to develop several tumors can run in families
  3. Enchondroma is a solitary, benign, intramedullary cartilage tumor that is often found in the short tubular bones of the hands and feet, distal femur, and proximal humerus. The peak incidence is in the third decade and is equal between men and women. Multiple enchondromatosis is a non-heritable condition also known as Ollier's disease
  4. Benign Tumors of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses. Benign sinonasal tumors are relatively uncommon, the most common being inverted papilloma, hemangioma and osteoma. The treatment for most patients with benign tumors of the nose and sinus is complete excision. Nearly 100% of these cases are curable using an endoscopic endonasal approach.
  5. The most common type of petrous apex lesion is benign cholesterol granulomas, which are cysts. Other petrous apex lesions include cholesteatomas, petrous apicitis, petrous apex effusion, and bone cancer. Most petrous apex lesions are benign. However, patients with other types of cancer may develop metastatic petrous apex lesions, which are.

benign bone tumors Flashcards Quizle

A bone lesion is considered a bone tumor if the abnormal area has cells that divide and multiply at higher-than-normal rates to create a mass in the bone. The term tumor does not indicate whether an abnormal growth is malignant (cancerous) or benign, as both benign and malignant lesions can form tumors in the bone Primary bone cancers are a specific subtype of a group of cancers known as sarcomas. Sarcomas are cancers that start in bone, muscle, connective tissue, blood vessels or fat, and can be found anywhere in the body. Types of primary bone cancers include:. Osteosarcoma, also known as osteogenic sarcoma, is the most common type of bone cancer and typically starts in bone cells in the arms, legs or. Osteochondroma is the most common benign skeletal neoplasm (Fig. 42-3). This lesion accounts for 20% to 50% of benign bone tumors and 10% to 15% of all bone tumors. Osteochondromas occur most commonly in the first 2 decades of life, arise from the metaphysis pointing away from the joint, and can be either flattened (sessile) or stalklike Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary bone cancer overall, followed by chondrosarcoma and Ewing tumors (Ewing sarcomas). But this varies by age group. In adults, the most common primary bone cancer is chondrosarcoma. This is followed by osteosarcomas, chordomas, and Ewing tumors. Other types of bone cancer are much less common

Most tumors develop in the bones around the knee, either in the lower part of the thigh bone (distal femur) or the the upper part of the shinbone (proximal tibia). The upper arm bone close to the shoulder (proximal humerus) is the next most common site Most tumors develop in the extremities, but any bone may be involved. Ewing sarcoma tends to be extensive, sometimes involving the entire bone shaft, most often the diaphyseal region. About 15 to 20% occur around the metaphyseal region. Pain and swelling are the most common symptoms most frequently diagnosed in childhood to early adulthood with a peak incidence of 10-30 years; most common primary benign bone tumor of hand/wrist; account for ~5% (range 3-10%) of all bone tumors, and ~17.5% (range 12-24%) of benign bone tumors 1; Associations. Two syndromes are associated with multiple enchondromas: Ollier disease; Maffucci.

Tumors of the rib - ScienceDirec

Osteochondromas are the most common noncancerous (benign) bone tumors. They occur most often in young people between the ages of 10 and 20. Cancers that start in the bones are called primary bone tumors. Bone cancers that start in another part of the body (such as the breast, lungs, or colon) are called secondary or metastatic bone tumors The most common tumor of the spine is metastatic deposits. A number of both benign and malignant tumors may arise primarily from the spine. Benign osteoid osteoma osteoblastoma osteochondroma giant cell tumor (GCT) aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC.. Biopsies of the tumor may help doctors rule out cancer and, if necessary, determine the most appropriate course of treatment. Summary Benign tumors do not usually cause serious health complications

The Radiology Assistant : Differential diagnosis of bone

Osteoblastomas are rare tumors and constitute about 1% of excised primary bone tumors. Osteosarcoma is 20x more common and osteoid osteoma is 4x more common than osteoblastoma. There is a more aggressive form of osteoblastoma in which recurrences are more common. These tumors have a higher chance of coming back after they are removed Nonossifying fibromas (NOFs) are the most common benign bone tumor in children. It is estimated that 30% to 40% of people under the age of 20 have an NOF, although few will have any symptoms. NOFs are often discovered by chance when a patient requires x-rays for another reason, such as a knee injury Rare, benign, cartilage-forming tumors that arise from the surface of the cortex, deep in the periosteum, and erode into the cortex Occurs in children and adults Most common site is the proximal humerus Pain at the site of the lesion Palpable nontender hard mass that is fixed to bone

Benign Bone Tumors Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of

5.1. Benign Tumors. Most benign tumors occur before the age of 40. 5.2. Osteochondroma. Osteochondroma, one of the most common benign lesions of bone, is a cartilage-covered bony projection (exostosis), usually pointing away from the nearby joint. The innominate bone is involved in 5% of cases . The radiographic presentation is quite. Skull metastatic tumors occupied only a small percentage of this cohort (24 cases, 5.6%). The most frequent malignancy was chordoma (175 cases, 41.1%), which was the most common observed tumor types among all cases. The most common benign tumors and UNNTs were osteoma (13 cases, 3.1%) and fibrous dysplasia (FD; 35 cases, 8.2%), respectively Lipomas: Benign tumors of fat tissue Lipomas are the most common benign soft tissue tumor. Most are found under the skin, but they can develop anywhere in the body. Many lipomas are present for years and inactive, but those that are growing lesions and are probably the most commonly resected soft tissue benign tumor

Bone Tumor - Types and Treatments - OrthoInfo - AAO

  1. Benign Bone Tumors of the Foot The majority of bone tumors are benign. Common types of benign bone tumors include: Simple bone cyst: This tumor occurs most often in children aged 4 to 10. The lesion remains asymptomatic unless complicated by fracture. It enlarges during skeletal growth and becomes inactive after skeletal maturity
  2. Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor. It is a developmental dysplasia of the peripheral growth plate, which forms a cartilage-capped projection of bone found near the metaphysis of long bones, pointing away from the joint. It grows via endochondral ossification of the proliferating cartilage cells and often presents as a firm.
  3. ale ependymomas). Although meningiomas are often benign, they can be difficult to remove and may recur
  4. Bone tumors can be divided into primary and secondary osseous tumors. The knee joint is the most common localization of primary tumors of the bone, occurring as malignant, potentially malignant, benign, or tumorlike lesions. The predilection for the knee joint is perhaps associated with this region having the most marked bone length growth
  5. There are also benign bone tumors termed enchondroma or benign tumors of the bone that are made up of cartilage. Osteochondroma (most common type of benign tumor or osteoma) is similar in that bony projections capped by cartilage develop. Another rare bone tumor is termed an osteoblastoma, similar to an osteoma. These benign tumors are non.
  7. Benign bone tumors are non-cancerous and not typically life threatening. There are many types of benign bone tumors. The most common types include non-ossifying fibroma, unicameral (simple) bone cyst, osteochondroma, giant cell tumor, enchondroma, and fibrous dysplasia

Most common sites are the tibia, femur and vertebrae. Presents with pain, which is often worse at night and relieved by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. X-ray has the characteristic appearance of a radiolucency surrounded by dense bone. Local excision is curative. Osteochondroma. One of the most common benign bone tumours Table 1 - List of bone tumours, divided into benign and metastatic. Metastatic bone tumours make the most of the disease burden.Primary bone tumours are relatively rare, with an overall prevalence of less than 1% in the UK.In children & adolescents, bone cancer is more common, comprising around 5% of all cancers Primary malignant bone tumors are uncommon but are a significant cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, especially among young people. Although relatively rare in childhood, primary malignant bone tumors represent the sixth most common neoplasm in children, while in adolescents and young adults, they are the third most frequent, exceeded only.

Benign Bone Tumors and Cysts - Children'

  1. g tumor that typically presents during the second decade of life, with a 2 to 3 times higher incidence in boys. It most commonly affects the proximal femur, but other common locations include the tibia, the remainder of the femur, and the posterior elements of the spine. 2 The typical presentation is a.
  2. Odontogenic keratocystic tumors (OKT) are intraosseous benign lesions. Most are localized in the mandibular body or rami. These lesions can induce dental impaction but tooth involvement is not necessary (absent in one third of cases). They are more common in men and have an incidence peak between the 2nd and 4th decades of life
  3. Osteoid osteoma (OO) is the most common benign osteogenic bone tumor (75%-85% of all benign osteogenic bone tumors), and accounts for 4%-5.5% of all primary bone tumors (13). Osteoid osteoma of the coracoid process: Case report with literature review
  4. Benign bone tumors often are discovered incidentally, and recognition of benign lesions on radiographs can avoid unnecessary advanced imaging and invasive diagnostic studies. An overview of the presentation, clinical and radiographic features, and management of the most common nonmalignant pediatric bone lesions will be presented below
  5. Temporal Bone Tumor Ear tumors are rare. They can be both benign and malignant. Benign ear tumors arise out of the skin or the lining of the space behind the ear drum. Malignant tumors can be caused by skin cancer that begins on the outer ear or in the ear canal, and then invades the bone. These types of cancers include
  6. Some tumors have a predilection for specific age groups. In patients under 30 years of age, tumors of the spine are fairly uncommon and are generally benign except for Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma. In patients over 30 years of age, most tumors are malignant except for vertebral hemangiomas and bone islands. Metastases are the most common lesions
  7. Primary Spinal Tumors: Benign and Malignant Theresa Pazionis Ilya Laufer Patrick Boland Mark H. Bilsky Introduction Primary tumors of the spine are rare and make up only a small percentage of patients seen by the community orthopedic surgeon. Primary tumors of the spine represent less than 10% of all primary bone tumors. Most malignant spina

Spinal Tumors: Benign and Malignant Type

Primary Bone Tumors. Primary bone tumors include osteoid osteomas and osteoblastomas. Osteoid osteomas are small, benign bone tumors. They stem from osteoblasts (the cells that produce bone matrix tissue) and, while they most commonly occur in long bones such as the femur or tibia, they can also grow in the vertebrae Let's take a look at the most common types of foot tumors and how they are typically treated. Some people think that all tumors are cancerous, but a lot of types of tumors are benign (non-cancerous) instead of malignant (cancerous). Fortunately, a lot of foot tumors are benign growths that can be easily removed. Types of Common Foot Tumors Bone lesions are commonly encountered in pediatric patients, with primary bone tumors representing the 6th most common neoplasm. 1 Fortunately, most pediatric bone tumors are benign. 2 Although cross-sectional imaging such as CT or MRI can be useful, plain film continues to be the primary modality in the initial evaluation of osseous abnormalities

Primary Bone Cancer - National Cancer Institut

Malignant tumours. These tumours are rare but the most common are listed below: Squamous cell cancer: Make up the majority Lymphoma: Tumors of the immune system Melanoma: Derived from pigmented cells similar to those that cause skin cancer Adenocarcinoma: Has been shown to be more common in those people who work in with hard woods A malignant tumour of the nose These tumors may exhibit characteristic imaging features that can help in early diagnosis and improved prognosis. Plasmacytoma/multiple myeloma and lymphoproliferative tumors are the most common malignant primary spinal tumors. Hemangioma is the most common benign tumor of the spine Once treated, most benign bone tumors do not re-grow or show up in other places in the body. Some tumors can recur or persist despite good treatment, though, and while your child could need multiple operations to eventually be tumor-free, it helps to remember that these are benign tumors, and with timely treatment they won't spread

Osteochondroma Children's Hospital of Philadelphi

Enchondroma: The most common tumors of the hand, these non-cancerous tumors can form in the hands, feet, or long bones of the arms or legs, and they are usually found in children as young as 10 or in early adulthood. You may notice an enlarged finger or other deformity, or your hand or foot may fracture for no obvious reason An enchondroma is a benign tumor found inside of bone. The typical scenario is that a patient had an x-ray for an injury to a joint, commonly the shoulder, knee, or ankle. While the joint looks normal, an abnormality is seen inside the bone. Often these are completely unrelated to the cause of pain, and one of the most common reasons is an. cell tumor of bone that destroys the cortex and extends into adjacent soft tissues. General Principles On initial evaluation, any lesion is more likely to be a common rather than a rare condition. The most com-mon soft-tissue lesion in the hand and wrist is a ganglion; the most common bone tumor is an enchon-droma. An unusual presentation of

Osteosarcoma is the most common nonlymphoproliferative primary malignant bone tumor but rarely affects the spine. Fewer than 3% of all osteosarcomas are found in the spine, but these tumors account for 5% of all primary malignant tumors of the spine [ 7 ]. Patients present at an older age than those with appendicular tumors In this benign tumor, you can see a central hardened bone surrounded by soft bone. This tumor affects males twice the times as it does females. It is most common in children and young adults between the ages of 10-19. The pain from the tumor is relieved with aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatories. Pain is usually worse at night NOF. NOF is a benign well-defined, solitary lesion due to proliferation of fibrous tissue. It is the most common bone lesion. NOF is frequently a coincidental finding with or without a fracture. NOF usually has a sclerotic border and can be expansile. They regress spontaneously with gradual fill in The most common benign tumors are osteochondromas and chrondromas. The most common malignant chest wall tumors are sarcomas. Primary tumors originate in the bone or muscle of the chest wall. Less than half of malignant chest wall tumors are primary. Secondary tumors originate elsewhere in the body and spread (metastasize) to the chest wall Surgery aims to remove the tumor and some of the bone tissue that surrounds it. It is the most common treatment for bone cancer. If a surgeon leaves some of the cancer, it may continue to grow and.

Chordomas are the most common bone tumor found in the sacrum (located between your hips). In fact, approximately half of all chordomas develop in the sacrum. Nearly one-third develop at the base of the skull. Chordomas also can arise from the cervical (neck), thoracic (mid back) and/or lumbar (low back) spine. Chordomas are the most common bone. BONE TUMORS BONE TUMORS . We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads

Enchondromas, which arise from cartilage, are the most common primary bone tumors. [1, 14] Enchondromas account for more than 90% of bone tumors seen in the hand. The proximal phalanx is the most common site of occurrence, with lesions also occurring in the metacarpal region Osteochondroma (OC) is the most common benign tumor of the bone. Osteochondroma of the spine is rare and comprises only 1.3-4.1% of all osteochondromas . Solitary lesions are more common at the cervical spine (50-58%) whereas multiple lesions typically occur at the thoracolumbar region

Hemangioma is the most common benign vascular tumor of bone. Most hemangiomas involve the vertebral body or skull, and involvement of other bones is rare. However, involvement of long and short tubular bones has been reported. Roentgenograms usually show multiple or multilocular lytic lesions Lipomas are the most common subcutaneous soft-tissue tumors, with an estimated annual incidence of one per 1,000 persons. 10 While lipomas are not a tumor of the skin, for practical reasons they. Etiology: : primary malignancies (most commonly lung, breast, and. prostate cancer. , together comprising ∼ 80% of cases) Epidemiology. More common than primary bone tumors (∼ 70% of all malignant bone tumors) Bones are the third most common site of. metastases. , after the lung and the liver Other, less common bone tumors include chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, liposarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma, multiple myeloma, and metastatic bone tumors. The biological behavior, prognosis, and treatment of these tumors depend on the tumor type, primary site (location), and extent of disease (stage). Therefore The most common tumor in the hand and wrist is a ganglion cyst. These are benign sacs of gelatinous fluid that form off of a joint or tendon sheath. They are seen frequently in the wrist but can also occur around finger joints

Benign Bone Tumors - Oncology - Medbullets Step 1

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma is the most common malignant epithelial tumour of the lacrimal gland and presents similar to a benign mixed tumour. However, there is pain, numbness, diplopia and visual disturbance and a circumscribed lacrimal gland mass with blurred margins infiltrating into bone on CT scan. Treatment is surgical Discussion. The answer is D: osteochondroma. Osteochondromas are the most common benign bone tumors. They usually affect adolescents and children, but occur in up to 3% of the general population. The condition is so common that for some specialists, children with benign tumors account for more than half of their new patients. This report, appearing in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, is one of the first studies of benign bone tumors in children. It's also the only one to provide follow-ups and children's ages from when the.

Papillomas are the most common benign epithelial tumor found in the sinonasal region, accounting for up to 10% of all neoplasms in this area. 70 Histologically, they are divided into inverted, cylindric, and everted. 71 Everted and cylindric cell papillomas are true papillomas, lined by stratified squamous and microcyst-laden, columnar, and. The most common benign peripheral nerve tumor in adults, a schwannoma can occur anywhere. It typically comes from a single bundle (fascicle) within the main nerve and displaces the rest of the nerve. Some schwannomas enlarge and assume unusual shapes within your spine or pelvis, such as dumbbell tumors The most common symptom of bone cancer is pain, which is caused by either the spread of the tumor or the breaking of bone that is weakened by a tumor. You also may feel stiffness or tenderness in the bone. Sometimes there are other symptoms — such as fatigue, fever, swelling, and stumbling — but these can also be caused by other conditions

The primary fibular tumor is rare with only 2.5% of all primary bone tumors occurring in this anatomical location [].The proximal fibula is the most common area of the fibula to be affected by tumors, and osteosarcoma, giant cell tumors, chondrosarcoma, and aneurysmal bone cysts are the most common type of tumor to develop at this location [].. In most cases of advanced polyps and inflammation of the middle ear, surgery of the middle ear and mastoid will necessary. Cholesteatoma: These are tumors of the middle ear which are usually benign and the most common of all middle ear tumors. These are dealt with fully in a separate section, Cholesteatoma.

Cancer can start in any part of any bone. Cancer begins when healthy cells in the bone change and grow out of control, forming a mass called a tumor. A bone tumor can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. A malignant tumor can destroy the bone and spread to nearby tissue They are the most common type of malignant tumor. Sarcoma: These tumors arise from connective tissue, such as cartilage, bones (but not the bone marrow), fat, and nerves. Germ cell tumor: These tumors develop in the cells that produce sperm and eggs. Hence, they are commonly seen in the ovaries and testicles FD is the most common benign rib tumor accounting for ∼30% of benign tumors of the chest wall . Approximately 70-80% of cases are monostotic and 20-30% are polyostotic. The age range of patients with monostotic disease is 10-70 years, but recognition is most frequent at 20-30 years of age Benign soft-tissue tumors are fairly common and are treated with surgery alone. Prior to the 1970s, surgery was the primary therapy for malignant soft tissue tumors, and most patients with high-grade tumors had a poor prognosis and a significant mortality The most common origin sites for metastatic bone cancer were breast (36%), lung (16%), and colorectal (12%). The mean time to bone metastasis was 400 days (1.1 years)

Spinal Tumors by Grade Benign Spinal Tumors: Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC): These benign cysts of the bone are filled with fluid and appear to expand the bone. ABCs can occur in any bone, but when they appear in the spine they occur most often in the posterior areas. Most are discovered when patients are in their teens or twenties They form when cancer cells are carried in the blood stream. The most common cancers that spread to the brain are lung and breast. Whether a brain tumor is benign, malignant, or metastatic, all are potentially life-threatening

A tumor—also referred to as a neoplasm—is an abnormal mass of tissue formed when cells grow and divide at rates that are faster than usual, or when cells don't die when they should. Some tumors are benign, meaning that they are not an indication of cancer and don't spread into surrounding parts of the body Metastatic tumors of the spine are the most common tumors of the spine, and are routinely treated without surgery unless there is resultant spinal instability or neurologic compromise. The majority of metastatic lesions are treated with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy that is specific for the primary cancer type. Benign primary bone. Benign Oral Tumors. Peripheral odontogenic fibromas (previously called fibromatous epulis or ossifying epulis) are the most common benign oral tumors. These firm masses involve the gingival tissue adjacent to a tooth. They affect dogs of any age but are most common in dogs >6 yr old. Some develop centers of ossification, visible as distinct. Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor arising from bone cells, (not from cartilage) and is the most common primary bone cancer. Although osteosarcoma most often occurs in young people between age 10 and 30, about 10% of cases develop in people in their 60's and 70's. Osteosarcoma is rare during middle age

The Radiology Assistant : Bone tumor - ill definedThe Radiology Assistant : Bone tumor - Osteolytic tumorsThe Radiology Assistant : Sclerotic bone tumors and tumorTumor-induced osteomalacia - OrthopaedicsOne ArticlesCalcaneal simple bone cyst | Image | Radiopaedia

Less often, tumors can develop on the spine, ribs, pelvis, shoulder blades, and skull. Cats are much less likely to be affected by this condition than dogs, and approximately one-third of bone tumors found on cats are benign. Bone Tumors Average Cost. From 331 quotes ranging from $1,000 - $8,000. Average Cost Chordomas are benign, slow-growing tumors that are most prevalent in people ages 50 to 60. Their most common locations are the base of the skull and the lower portion of the spine. Although these tumors are benign, they may invade the adjacent bone and put pressure on nearby neural tissue The most common epithelial benign lesion of the lacrimal gland is the benign mixed tumor, which generally presents as a painless mass without signs of inflammation for more than 12 months. On the other hand, malignant epithelial lesions most commonly present with painful swelling of the upper eyelid that develops within one year Osteomas are slow-growing benign osteogenic tumors most commonly discovered in late adolescents and young adults. They are composed of well-differentiated lamellar or compact bone. Although small endosteal (derived from bone marrow) lesions are often asymptomatic, larger lesions can cause a progressive enlargement of the affected area with.