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This drum transcription is the drum intro to “Shimmer and Shine” off of the Ben Harper and Relentless7 album, White Lies for Dark Times. Drummer Jordan Richardson creates a very catchy and tricky drum intro that sets the tone of the song and foreshadows his fills for the rest of the song.

The first thing to be aware of is that the drum intro is a six bar phrase. Measures one and two introduce the rhythmic melody used in measures three and four. The rhythmic melody is based off of phrases of five that are accented on the Snare drum. The biggest difference in measures three and four is the addition of the driving eighth-notes on the second Floor Tom.

In measures five and six, the accents on the Snare outline a dotted-quarter-note for the rhythmic melody. To gain the same feel, I would suggest using an alternate sticking. However, I would also suggest experimenting with different stickings. You could use a Double Paradiddle, a Paradiddle-Diddle, or anything you can dream up of; the sky is the limit. The Bass drum in the last two measures of the drum intro really helps give the intro a driving energy. Finally, on the beat four of the last measure, Richardson plays a Crash cymbal and chokes it, but experiment with other sounds like a China cymbal or using the Hi-Hat.

Ben Harper and Relentless7 - "Shimer and Shine"

Shimmer and Shine intro

Daniel Heier Daniel Heier holds a Bachelor Degree in Percussion Performance from McNally Smith College of Music. As a member of the 147th Army Band, he is an accomplished performer in classical, jazz and commercial music. Throughout his education, Heier has studied under percussion greats such as David Stanoch, Marv Dahlgren, Kevin Washington, Gordy Knudtson, David Schmalenberger, and Chack Wackerman. He is a freelance performer through the Midwest, having performed with acts such as Anna Johnson, Phil Mattson, Matt Wallace, and others as well as his own pop-reggae band, Small Town Anthem.

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A Straight Connection of Lifestyle to Our Health

Please note! This essay has been submitted by a student.

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As we all know, the lifestyles of people across the world have been changing over years as humans continue to develop and grow themselves through various ways. Regarding the history, the world has evolved because people have changed their ways of communicating, behaving, dressing and entertaining themselves among other activities. When you travel to different continents, you will notice that people from various places like china eat, entertain and travel within their country using different ways when compared to those in Africa. Looking at different societies, you will notice that people live according to their societal expectations. The community has a great impact in dictating how people should dress, behave while among people of varied age and also how they entertain themselves.

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Factors Influencing Lifestyle

Social classes, culture, reference groups and family play a major role in influencing people’s lifestyle. For instance, the society teaches young people to live in a way that will enable them to raise their families through the changing social, physical and psychological issues on their daily basis. This conditioning of living from the influence of culture and family is seen in youths and young adults in different parts of the world who struggle to cope through working hard. Young people imitate and do what the culture perceives as norm. For example, women from Muslim culture are inhibited from wearing clothes that pertain to a man. In this case, l think that Muslim women put on special attires that cover their whole body to create a good image in their society. Your appearance before people reflects your own image and conduct. However, there are other communities in which the way of dressing especially in women does not matter a lot. For example, in the United States and other parts of the world, women especially atheists and Christian believers are not inhibited from wearing attires that pertains to a man. These differences, therefore, are proof that indeed culture, family and social life have a great influence in people’s lifestyle.

Lifestyle and Health

Our lifestyle as citizens matters a lot especially when it comes to matters concerning health. In this case, it is important for you as an individual to live a healthy lifestyle by avoid consuming foods that interfere with your health. Unlike in traditional years, the life in the modern world is easier than before. Communication and ways of moving or transporting goods to different areas is much easier and this has created a lot of comfort. As an individual, you need to ensure that while you enjoy the luxurious lifestyle, you also spare some time to exercise and burn excess fats which accumulate due to consumption of junk foods. Furthermore, the use of electrical devices like phones among others has created passive entertainment. The use of technology prevents children from participating in active games making it hard for them to exercise the parts of their body and in turn develop diseases such as diabetes and obesity.

Impact of Lifestyle on Market

The current lifestyle has promoted and expanded the market through different ways. Business people who sell varied products have been able to grow due to the changing lifestyle. As usual, people have desires to look good before the public. They want to live in a happy environment and feeling comfortable. With such desires therefore, individuals have been forced to work extra hard to fulfil their desires and in turn help in developing the world in industrial areas, business and music among others as they seek to please themselves.

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BloodBorne 14 بلودبورن -منطقة الابركاثيدرال - SEport

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I have the Chalice! Chalice Dungeons are areas in Bloodborne, separate from the main game. They are completely optional, but offer nice rewards and an extra challenge if you’re up to it. In order to access them, you need to have certain items on you and perform the Chalice Ritual in Hunter’s Dream. The Sinister Lower Loran Root Chalice is found on Layer 3 of the Lower Loran Chalice. You can purchase it from the Messenger Merchant found there for 18,000 Ailing Loran Chalice.

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I’m using Ludwig’s holy blade +9 and I have 25 strength and 25 skill but it still takes absolutely ages, I genuinely spent over 15 minutes fighting him only for him to kill me in one hit. A chalice that breaks a labyrinth seal. But only a Root Chalice changes the shape of the Chalice Dungeon when used in a ritual. There are trace remains of medical procedures in parts of ailing Loran. Bloodborne has a new game mechanism in the form of Chalice Dungeons, which offer endless replay value for the players. They also contain some great.

Lower Loran - zqxwj9g4.

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Ailing loran chalice

Ailing loran chalice

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Ailing Loran Chalice; Strategies. Boss Video Walkthrough.
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Ailing loran chalice

5. Defiled Chalice Dungeon [5:19] Bastard of Loran #1 & 2(Ailing Loran Chalice Dungeon - Layer 3) [6:15] Red Jelly #3 & 4 (Great Isz Chalice Dungeon) Step 1 Defeat the Blood-starved Beast The very first thing you should do is beat the Blood-starved Beast as early as possible. Ailing Loran Chalice: Celestial Emissary: Upper Cathedral Ward: Communion Rune: Ebrietas, Daughter of the Cosmos: Upper Cathedral Ward: Great Isz Chalice: Micolash, Host of the Nightmare: Mergo's Lower Loran Chalice Dungeon: Ritual Blood (5) x9, Blooming Coldblood Flower x4, and 11,500 Blood Echoes.

Also since there is an Abhorrent Beast and Darkbeast in Yharnam. Loran is also home to Darkbeasts, and is the only place to naturally find an Abhorrent Beast and Loran Darkbeasts . Ailing Loran Chalice is driving me do you access those bridges below??
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Bloodborne From Software/Project Beast - Sidan 68 - Flashback

Ailing Loran Boss: 27258. Hunters s Nightmare: 5183, Old Yharnam: 22555.

aa aah aahed aahing aahs aal aalii aaliis aals aardvark

Thats less than 5 minutes. Ailing Loran Chalice. Ingredients: Ritual Blood (4) x9, Coldblood Flowerbud x4, Blood Echoes x5500 How to obtain: Defeat Amygdala.

To create it, you must obtain the Ailing Loran Chalice, dropped by Amygdala . A Chalice that breaks a labyrinth seal. Loran is a tragic land that was devoured by the sands. Ailing Loran Root Chalice is a Chalice Item in Bloodborne.


In 1990, Kadhim Alzubaidy set foot in America without a dollar in his pocket and nothing more than an immense feeling of opportunity.

Coming from a background of family restaurant business, he immediately set his eyes on working in the restaurant industry. Over the course of six years, he worked for five different restaurants, learning what people liked and ins and out of our city culture. Determined to bring something new he began developing his own unique style of taste including his own special falafel recipe.

As the business grew he has remained true to his beliefs that everyone of his customers should be treated like family, that quality reigns supreme, and that every plate should be handmade with love.

Today we’re proud to continue our mission, celebrating real Mediterranean food and building a community filled with inspiration, passion, and meaningful connections.

His story continues everyday with the smiles he puts on everyone’s faces when they taste his delicious Mediterranean food.


Necromance Vol. 2

Shibuki was cursed with undeath when he struck down the Demon King, and can no longer even touch Safi, his beloved priestess. To make matters worse, Shibuki learns that the Demon King survived. He gathers a group of adventurers to seek out the Demon King, defeat him once and for all, and remove the curse so Shibuki can embrace his beloved Safi once again.

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Efek Rumah Kaca

About Efek Rumah Kaca

Efek Rumah Kaca is an Indonesian indie rock band, formed in 2001. The band consists of Cholil Mahmud (lead vocal, guitar), Adrian Yunan Faisal (back vocals, bass, guitar), Airil “Poppie” Nur Abadiansyah (back vocals, bass) and Akbar Bagus Sudibyo (drum, back vocals). They are known for their satirical and thought-provoking lyrics—usually concerning politics or everyday society. With beautifully crafted lyrics, powerful melodies, and rich arrangements, elevated by Cholil Mahmud’s pristine and haunting vocals, make Efek Rumah Kaca is a powerhouse in the Indonesian independent music scene.

On January 28, 2020, They have released an EP entitled Jalan Enam Tiga.

They have said that music is their life. Everything that has happened in their lives is reflected in their music.
They also have been described as a pop band with social and political messages in their lyrics. Their music is influenced by a variety of music genres, including swing, jazz, rock, and acappella.


In late 2015, Kanae Nishii and others published an article redefining Streptocarpus to include all Afro-Malagasy Gesneriaceae.  Under this merger, which was based on geographical distribution, basic chromosome numbers (N = 15), morphological traits and DNA evidence, a single large genus Streptocarpus emerged.  This genus was divided into two subgenera and twelve sections.  African violets were positioned as section Saintpaulia under subgenus Streptocarpella.  The two taxa described by Haston, Mejissa and Watkins were given species status based on DNA evidence that was lacking in the Christenhusz study.  The subspecies designations described by Darbyshire were also largely maintained.  Some names have had endings altered for the correct use of Latin endings.  (e.g. ionantha to ionanthus).

Streptocarpus afroviola (top) and brevipilosus

The current species designations are
(Str. = Streptocarpus):

Str. afroviola

Str. brevipilosus

Str. goetzeanus

Str. inconspicuus

Str. ionanthus

Str. nitidus

Str. shumensis

Str. teitensis

Str. ulugurensis

Str. watkinsii

The subspecies under Str. ionanthus are:

 Streptocarpus ionanthus ssp. ionanthus (top) and Streptocarpus ssp. velutinus cl. velutinus Lite

Subsp. grandifolius

Subsp. grotei

Subsp. ionanthus variety ionanthus

Subsp. ionanthus variety diplotrichus

Subsp. mafiensis

Subsp. occidentalis

Subsp. orbicularis

Subsp. pendulus

Subsp. rupicolus

Subsp. velutinus


Serghei Suruceanu
There are plenty of people who would like to build a world-class business. How to start a business and how to bring together a team? We don't have an answer. So, we asked the most experienced employee of the company - Serghei Suruceanu, the founder of Grafit Holding. As result, we've got a nice interview under the #successtory heading.
How did the company start? How did you come up with the idea of building a company and a holding?
I never thought about running an international holding. I have been moving gradually towards this goal together with my colleagues and partners for 20 years. In 1998, I was working as a web designer, painted in Photoshop and coded in PHP. I wanted to develop and to reach a new level, this is how I got the idea of working remotely with foreign companies.

At that time, I accidentally met a guy from New York. We started to create websites for American clients. By 2003, we had a small team working remotely. At some point, we realized that it was time to get together and open an office. This is how we started providing outsourcing IT services for medium and large businesses in the United States. From 2004 to 2008, our team got a great experience working with Paramount Pictures.

After working for other businesses for over 10 years, in 2012 my team and I decided to open our own business, called - Sovamax Trading. Eminia Trading was launched a year and a half later, and Lanius - a year later after Eminia. In 2016, we united all IT departments from all projects, accounting, logistics and analytics and called it MTeam. Thanks to this consolidation there were launched the following startups: Agava, Sovamax USA, RA Trading. In 2019, the creation of the Board of Directors was the icing on the cake. It is a governing body that sets strategic directions for the entire company. It was this decision that helped us to unite all projects into a single holding.
What is the difference between being employed and working for yourself? How does it feel running an international business from Moldova?
Of course, there is a big difference between being employed by a company and managing processes by yourself, because in the last case, it is a 24-hour responsibility.

When you work for a company, you don't think about the global problems of the company. When you have been running a business for 22 years, all crises are taken personally. I have been working for this company for more than half of my life, and it has become an essential part of my life. There are definitely pros and cons in each of the options. If you avoid stressful situations, then it is better to build a career as an employee. But if you cannot find a comfortable environment for yourself and you are ready to devote your life to a business, then you can start it... Your primary goal should be your business, not the money.

Running a business from Moldova means to balance between different cultures and mindset. The client expects one thing, the employees - quite another, and you need to be a bridge between them.
Your primary goal should be your business, not the money.
Working in Grafit is ...
Interesting, challenging and promising. I think that doing something unique makes me feel great, pleasant and definitely flatters my professional ego.
The holding consists of more than 400 employees. How did you manage to build such a big team?
To be honest, we didn't have a goal to hire as many employees as possible. First of all, we thought about how to improve manager effectiveness, to do our job well and to have a high-quality product. A large team of great specialists was formed during the development of the company and launching of the new start-ups. People are united by the atmosphere in the company and by the ability to make good money without having to go abroad.

We strive to become a company that develops smart solutions for business, rather than constantly increasing the number of employees. Thus, we try to reduce the amount of daily job routine thanks to the work of our IT department. Nature has given us a mind to think, analyze and make decisions, but not for doing routine tasks with data.
Serghei, you told us, that any employee can become a business partner. What do you mean and how does it happen?
It is worth mentioning, that we have two types of partnership and both of them have transparent conditions. The first option is to become an investor and to receive a profit percentage in a startup without being an employee of the company. And the second, a manager who has worked in the company for more than one year, invests his knowledge, time, experience in a new project and becomes a partner. Honestly, the second option is more common.

When I started this business, I realized that I had enough knowledge in IT, but I had no experience in sales and warehouse processes. Therefore, the primary task was to assemble a team of partners capable of taking responsibility for warehouse processes, sales and purchases. This team continues to grow and it consists of 14 people now. We plan to launch two more startups, and this means the number of partners will be greater.
What makes Grafit different from other companies?
1) Absence of nepotism. In our company you do not need to be someone's relative in order to develop the career and earn money.

2) Any person can become a partner and a co-owner of the company for life. There are businessmen who are sure that partnership doesn't make any sense and the business should exist exclusively within the family. I do not build a business to pass it on to my children. They have to achieve everything by themselves.

3) We train all managers within the holding. If you want to become the CEO of the project, you need to go all the way from start to finish.

4) Fast career growth. In just a few years, a regular employee can become a manager with a salary of 1200 euros per month, and then - a vice president with a salary of 1700 euros.
Every manager who is against change gets my following answer: "If we die today, we will die because of you."
How do you see the holding in 10 years?
In 10 years, I see Grafit Holding as a successful and growing company. The development of the company is the highest priority. This includes the generation of ideas and the creation of new products. I think it is important that managers do not face stagnation. It is also important to create conditions for a comfortable work environment and development of employees here in our company, in their teams. And this is possible if you constantly develop yourself and the company.

In the future, we will continue to streamline work processes with the help of our IT department, reducing the amount of routine for our specialists.

I am convinced that people need to do smart things to fulfill their potential. It is very important to be flexible and quickly adapt to realities in our business. Every manager who is against change gets my following answer: "If we die today, we will die because of you." I always remember Einstein's words: "Life is like riding a bicycle. In order to keep your balance, you must keep moving. " It works for both, business and life.
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CUL-rapporter Nr 1 - Linköping University - Linköpings

Assessing Leukocyte-endothelial Interactions Under Flow

The British Medical Association describes problem-based learning as ‘patient-orientated’ and ’self-directed’. Group work is encouraged, and the analytical and mental effort involved to analyse clinical scenarios encourages you to engage with and apply the material you learn. Problem Based Learning (PBL) In 1969, the medical school at McMaster University introduced a unique, hands-on approach to learning medicine called Problem-based Learning. Problem-based Learning is quite different from “problem solving”, and the goal of the learning is not to solve the problem which has been presented.

Pbl medical school

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It was pioneered by the University of Manchester and has been adopted by most Medical Schools – but the level of focus on problem-based learning will vary with each University. With problem-based learning, you’ll be given a PBL is a style of small group teaching in which learning is stimulated by a “problem”, typically a clinical scenario. It was initially developed by a group of doctors at McMaster University Toronto in the 1960s. Since its inception it has been adopted by medical schools across the world, including many in the UK. PBL helps you to learn about new concepts as a part of a problem. In the case of a medical student, a Problem Based Learning approach is when the student is asked to work on a fictional case study.

PBL (Project-based Learning), ABL (Action-based Learning) and can  1 dec.

The undergraduate medical programme Faculty of Health

15 feb. 2016 — PBL bygger på konstruktivistiska principer för lärande.

Pbl medical school

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It is a process that values how students can direct their own learning, fostering the development of problem-solving and life-long learning skills. Problem-based learning (PBL) has been a concept in existence for decades yet its implementation in medical student education is limited. Considering the nature of a physician's work, PBL is a logical step towards developing students' abilities to synthesize and integrate foundational concepts into clinical medicine. Problem-based learning (PBL) uses small-group discussions of clinical cases as the stimulus for learning. It is a process that values how students can direct their own learning, fostering the development of problem-solving and life-long learning skills.

Let’s find out why! What is Problem-Based Problem-Based Learning (PBL) uses clinical cases to stimulate inquiry, critical thinking and knowledge application and integration related to biological, behavioral and social sciences.
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It also gets them used to presenting their own work to people. These are vital skills as a doctor and one that they will be able to practice straight from day 1 with PBL. Problem-based learning, or PBL, is a pedagogical practice employed in many medical schools.

Early clinical experience, Lectures, Physiology practical classes. 7 Mar 2017 When applying to medical school, many applicants discriminate their choices based on things like grade requirements, extra-curricular  6 Apr 2021 Problem-based learning (PBL) was developed for use in medical education to incorporate more active, learner-centered instruction. Central to  Each block has two components: Basic Science & Patient-based Learning (BSci/ PBL): In this component, students work through one authentic clinical case each   Problem-Based Learning (PBL).
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Team-Based-Learning in Medical Statistics

From various sources, I've gathered that PBL generally involves more (self-directed) study and work than the lecture heavy courses. Are there any suggestions from the experience of current medical students about how to do well at medical school and how to succeed on a PBL-based course? 2011-10-30 2019-10-08 forthcoming, research in any aspect of PBL is likely to add to rather than diminish the confusion that plagues Correspondence: Michelle McLean, School of Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X7, Congella 4013, South Africa.

Finns det evidens för PBL? - Claes Nilholms blogg

It will help you to avoid complications in the future. But is Problem Based Learning (PBL) a good option for medical students? A lot of medical schools are using Problem Based Learning. Let’s find out why!

7 May 2020 The application of PBL at Southern Illinois University is seen in the Problem- Based Learning Curriculum of the medical school.


Google and North Carolina officials have confirmed that the search engine giant will establish a $600-million data centre in the state.

According to Reuters, upon completion, the server farm will provide 210 jobs in the region which has been hard hit by unemployment in recent years.
North Carolina governor, Mike Easley, told the news agency that Google would provide hundreds of well-paying, knowledge-based  jobs and would help reinvigorate the area.
The state will provide an initial $4.8-million to Google as part of a total incentives package that could stretch to $100-million.


Sweet Potato and Apple Tofu Muffins

If you care for healthy muffins, this is the one!

【Ingredients】 (10 muffins)
Firm tofu (木綿豆腐 / Momendofu)…200g
・ Cane sugar (きび砂糖 / Kibizato)……80g
・ Olive oil (オリーブオイル)……70g
・ Soft flour (薄力粉 / Hakurikiko)……200g
・ Almond powder (アーモンドパウダー)……60g
・ Baking powder (ベーキングパウダー)……１ 1/2tsp
・ Cinnamon powder (シナモンパウダー)……1/2tsp
・ Walnuts (くるみ or 胡桃 / Kurumi)……50g
・ Sweet potato (さつまいも / Satsuma imo)……200g
・ Apple (Jonathan if available) (Apple = りんご / Ringo )……1
(Jonathan = 紅玉 / Kogyoku)
・ Cane sugar (for boiling potatoes and apples) (きび砂糖 / Kibizato)……30g
【How to Make】
① Cut the sweet potato (with skin) into 2cm (little less than 1in.) cubes, rinse briefly in water and remove excess water. Skin the apple and cut into 2cm cubes. Transfer the sweet potato and apple cubes to a heat-resistant bowl, add 30g of cane sugar and mix to give the sweet potato and apple cubes an even coating of sugar. Cover the bowl loosely with wrap and then heat the bowl in a microwave for 5 minutes.
② Mix and sift the soft flour, almond powder, baking powder, and cinnamon powder into a bowl, and set aside. Chop the walnuts. Preheat an oven to 170℃ (338℉).
③ Place the tofu into a bowl and use a whisk to turn into a smooth paste.
④ Add 80ｇ of cane sugar to the tofu and mix well.
⑤ Add the olive oil to the tofu and sugar mixture and mix well. Next, add the mixed and sifted flour, almond powder, etc., and chopped walnuts. Use a rubber spatula and a cutting motion to mix until a tiny bit of the flour, etc. remains. At that point, add the sweet potato and apple cubes, and mix only roughly.
⑥ Use a spoon to fill muffin cups about 70% with batter.
⑦ Bake for 25-30min. at 170℃ (338℉).

※ Use of a “relatively soft” firm tofu will give you a lighter, softer muffin.

Recipe Developed by: Machiko Tateno


The holiday season can be a great time with friends and family, during this season but it can also be a lot on your health. So how do you enjoy the glorious holiday repast without sabotaging your health?

Be a smart sugar cookie by following these simple steps to stay healthy during the holiday season:

Wash your hands often. Washing hands can help prevent sickness and prevent the spread of germs. Wash your hands thoroughly, and wash your hands often.

Food-borne illness. 48 million people get sick from a food-borne illness each year, according to the CDC. Thoroughly clean utensils, cook foods to recommended temperatures, and properly store perishable foods.

Eat mindfully. When you’re eating, sit back and allow yourself to truly enjoy your favorite holiday flavors. Pay attention to the taste, aroma and texture of the foods.  Since it takes a few minutes for your stomach’s “I’m full signal” to reach your brain, it’s advisable to take a 10-minute break after your first helping. Other than that, don’t attend a party on an empty stomach as it makes you prone to overeating. As for the dessert, eat only one or two dishes you really love instead of sampling each and every option available on the table.

Stay hydrated. Water accounts for 60% of our body’s total weight and we need to stay hydrated in order to maintain this ratio. Water is also necessary for several bodily functions, including maintaining our cell’s fluids and delivering nutrients Drink plain or infused H2O as often as you can throughout the day. Limit your intake of high-calorie drinks like eggnog, martinis and margaritas.

Reinvent your holiday workout. It might be a bit challenging to make time for a sweat sesh when your social calendar and to-do lists are jam-packed. In order to stay motivated, plan your workout regimen around your holiday schedule. Instead of the usual 30-minute routine, do a 15-minute workout in the morning and evening or go for a 10-minute walk twice daily. The aim is to split your physical activity into smaller, more manageable time intervals.
Boost your immune system. “Eating a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables is one of the best things you can do to bolster your immune system. This will ensure you’re getting some top immune-boosting nutrients, including vitamin C and vitamin A. Eating a handful of nuts and seeds daily is also a great way to fight illness as they contain immune-boosting minerals such as zinc and selenium.

Get a flu shot. The holiday season overlaps with flu season. People typically travel more, and spend more time around other people during this time of year. Flu vaccination is the most effective way to prevent flu outbreaks.

Decorating safety. Accidents and injuries caused by decorating for the holidays are common. Be extra careful when dealing with roofs and ladders, and always keep an eye on young children.


How much should you feed a 5 week old puppy?

How much food should a 5-week-old puppy eat? At 5 weeks old, feeding your puppy at least 3 times a day is required, but you should prefer to aim for around 4 to 5 times a day. Monitor their eating habits and adjust to them accordingly.

Does a 5 week old puppy still need milk?

Normally by 5 weeks the baby should only need to have mother’s milk every 4 hours or so. You can also start some puppy dog food for the dog. If the food is too hard for the dog to eat add a little warm waer to make it softer.

What do u feed a 5 week old puppy?

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Can you overfeed a 5 week old puppy?

Can 5 week old puppies go all night without eating?

What should a 5 week old puppy be doing?

5 Week Old Puppy

By five weeks old, the mother dog is spending more of her time away from her puppies. The puppies themselves are now eating solid food several times a day and gradually being weaned of their dependency on her milk.

What do you do with a 5 week old puppy?

Week 5

  1. At five weeks, the pen has again been expanded to include a play area. …
  2. A bowl of fresh water and dry kibble are always available.
  3. Three puppies inside their pen eating their food as their mother watches. …
  4. Feed three soaked meals of puppy food to pups daily.

How long can a 5-week old puppy go without eating?

In summary, your puppy can survive without eating for up to 5 hours when he is between 4 to 7 weeks, but we do not recommend your pup waiting this long as they are going through a developmental period. If your puppy is between 6 to 8 weeks old, he can survive without eating for up to 8 hours.

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Can you potty train a 5-week old puppy?

You don’t. A five week old puppy should be with his mother. He’s far too young to separate from her. Training should start around 10 weeks with you and the puppy enrolling in a puppy school obedience class that you attend together.

Can 5-week old puppies drink water?

Can 5 week old puppies sleep through the night?

When Do Puppies Start Sleeping Through the Night? Most puppies will sleep through the night by the time they’re about 4 months (16 weeks) old. But with some help, diligence, and proactive training, you may be able to get your puppy there even earlier! Just remember, it’ll all be worth it in the end — for both of you.

What should 5 week old puppy poop look like?

Stools should be formed, light brown with a yellow–seedy appearance.

What do I do if my 5 week old puppy won’t eat?

A puppy that young that does not want to eat should be seen by your veterinarian right away. Young puppies are especially vulnerable to low blood sugar, and by five weeks he should be eating some solid food.

Where should 5 week old puppies sleep?

You need a pup house as well. Your pup needs a safe spot to sleep in. The shelter must be large and comfortable enough for playing and sleeping. Keep sharp objects away from the puppy.

How much milk should a 5 week old puppy drink?

Young nursing puppies need to be fed every two to three hours, day and night. During each 24-hour period, your little one should be receiving 8cc or approximately 1/4 ounce of canine milk replacement formula per ounce of body weight.

Mi Dog Guide


 Rules - Amazon Chess

Amazon Chess

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Rules for Amazon Chess

Chess is a game played by two people on a chessboard, with sixteen pieces (of six types) for each player. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way. The goal of the game is to checkmate, i.e. to threaten the opponent's king with inevitable capture. In addition, there are several ways that a game can end in a draw. Amazon Chess is a Variant where the Queen is replaced by the Amazon (a Knighted Queen)

Initial setup

Like Chess, the game is played on a Checkered Board, an 8 by 8 square board divided into 64 squares of alternating color, which is similar to that used in draughts (checkers). No matter what the actual colors of the board, the lighter-colored squares are called "light" or "white", and the darker-colored squares are called "dark" or "black". Sixteen "white" and sixteen "black" pieces are placed on the board at the beginning of the game. The board is placed so that a white square is in each player's near-right corner.

Each player controls sixteen pieces:

NameNumberWhite SymbolsBlack Symbols
King 1
Amazon or Knight Queen or Dragon in Musketeer Chess 1
Rook 2
Bishop 2
Knight 2
Pawn 8

At the beginning of the game, the pieces are arranged as shown in the diagram. The second row from the player contains the eight pawns; the row nearest the player contains the remaining pieces. Popular phrases used to remember the setup, often heard in beginners' clubs, are "Queen on her own color" and "white on right". As Amazon replaces the Queen, the same applies to Amazon Chess. The latter refers to setting up the board so that the square closest to each player's right is white.

Play of the game

The player controlling the white army is named "White"; the player controlling the black pieces is named "Black". White moves first, then players alternate moves. Making a move is required; it is not legal to skip a move, even when having to move is detrimental. Play continues until a king is checkmated, a player resigns, or a draw is declared, as explained below. In addition, if the game is being played under a time control players who exceed their time limit lose the game.

Basic moves

Each chess piece has its own method of movement. Moves are made to vacant squares except when capturing an opponent's piece.

With the exception of any movement of the knight, Amazon and the occasional castling maneuver, pieces cannot jump over each other. When a piece is captured (or taken), the attacking piece replaces the enemy piece on its square (en passant being the only exception). The captured piece is thus removed from the game and may not be returned to play for the remainder of the game. The king can be put in check but cannot be captured (see below).

The bishop moves any number of vacant squares in any diagonal direction.

The knight moves to the nearest square not on the same rank, file, or diagonal. In other words, the knight moves two squares horizontally then one square vertically, or one square horizontally then two squares vertically. Its move is not blocked by other pieces: it jumps to the new location.

The Amazon can move any number of vacant squares diagonally, horizontally, or vertically. It can also jump like the Knight.

Pawns have the most complex rules of movement:

Castling consists of moving the king two squares towards a rook, then placing the rook on the other side of the king, adjacent to it. Castling is only permissible if all of the following conditions hold:

En passant

If player A's pawn moves forward two squares and player B has a pawn on its fifth rank on an adjacent file, B's pawn can capture A's pawn as if A's pawn had only moved one square. This capture can only be made on the immediately subsequent move. In this example, if the white pawn moves from a2 to a4, the black pawn on b4 can capture it en passant, ending up on a3.

Pawn promotion

If a pawn advances to its eighth rank, it is then promoted (converted) to an Amazon, Rook, Bishop, or Knight of the same color, the choice being at the discretion of its player (an Amazon is usually chosen). The choice is not limited to previously captured pieces. Hence it is theoretically possible for a player to have up to nine Amazons or up to ten Rooks, Bishops, or Knights if all of their pawns are promoted. If the desired piece is not available, the player should call the arbiter to provide the piece.

A king is in check when it is under attack by one or more enemy pieces. A piece unable to move because it would place its own king in check (it is pinned against its own king) may still deliver check to the opposing player.

A player may not make any move which places or leaves his king in check. The possible ways to get out of check are:

End of the game

If a player's king is placed in check and there is no legal move that player can make to escape check, then the king is said to be checkmated, the game ends, and that player loses. Unlike other pieces, the king is never actually captured or removed from the board because checkmate ends the game.

The diagram shows a typical checkmate position. The white king is threatened by the black Amazon; every square to which the king could move is also threatened; it cannot capture the Amazon, and it cannot escape to h1 square as it is threatened by the Black Rook.

If the claim is proven true, the game is drawn.


Ty Jerome

Born July 8, 1997 Ty Jerome played in the NBA mainly as a Guard during their playing career, season(s): 2020-2021. Ty Jeremy Jerome is an American professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association. He played college basketball for the Virginia Cavaliers, where in 2019 he was the starting point guard on their national championship team.

More NBA Players from the same decade.


Oluomo Tasks Broadcasters on Professionalism

The Speaker of the Ogun State House of Assembly, Rt. Hon. Olakunle Oluomo has challenged freelance and independent broadcasters Association of Nigeria ( FIBAN)  to sustain the legacies of their founding fathers and late icons through the restructuring of broadcast contents to further address societal ills, promote culture and morals for a better society.
Oluomo gave the task during a keynote address at the 2022 week of the Freelance and Independent Broadcasters Association of Nigeria, Ogun State Chapter, held in Abeokuta.
The Speaker, who was represented by the Director of Information in the State House of Assembly, Mr. Jamiu Lawal, extolled the virtues of the late Toba Opaleye, Gbenga Adeboye and Kola Olawuyi amongst others, saying that the State and the entire broadcast industry in the nation had lost icons in presentation; and soldiers in the field of reformation and restoration of culture in the society.
The Speaker challenged them to improve on their creative capacity through multi-tasking and versatility in addition to upholding professional ideals, with a view to entrenching discipline and morals in the people.
In his presentation, a former National President, FIBAN, Yemi Sonde said the event was put together to immortalize the late progenitors of the association, whose works were being referenced even in the academia, adding that broadcasters remained opinion moulders whose presentations must be geared towards ensuring attitudinal change in the society.
Also, a public commentator, Otunba Segun Sowunmi who spoke on the topic: “Risk and Challenges for Public Media Practitioners in the face of Economic and Social Pressure”, outlined administrative bottlenecks, proliferation of broadcast outfits, social pressure and politics as issues that had been affecting the practice of freelance broadcasting in the country.
Sowunmi encouraged broadcasters to engage in capacity training towards improving their knowledge and technical know-how to address societal issues.


UBC Theses and Dissertations

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UBC Theses and Dissertations

Understanding and predicting forest harvesting effects on peak flows in snow environments with nonstationary frequency modelling Yu, Joe

A century of paired watershed studies evaluated the effects of forest harvesting on peak flows by pairing events by equal chronology. This method has recently come under repeated criticism and calls have been made to abandon the practice and pair by equal frequency instead. However, the stationarity assumption imposed by conventional frequency analyses complicates the use of frequency pairing because peak flows contain change-point and trend-shifting nonstationarities caused by continuous harvesting and forest regrowth. Here, a new nonstationary frequency pairing method was introduced to evaluate harvesting effects by allowing the parameters of peak flow frequency distributions to change in time using physically-based covariates. This research falls within the emerging field of “attribution science”, which uses observations and models to identify separately the factors contributing to extremes. The outcomes of applying this new method at five treatment-control, snow-dominated watersheds (37 km2 to 3550 km2) revealed how harvesting increased the magnitude and frequency of not only small (< 10-yr return period) but also large (>10-yr return period) peak flows. This was a consequence of changes to both the means (+28% to +113%) and standard deviations (no effects to +110%) of the peak flow frequency distributions. Large peak flows became 3-4 (10-20) times more frequent in the least (most) sensitive watershed. The different treatment effects reveal contrasting watershed sensitivities to harvesting, owing to different physiographic characteristics and logging histories. Based on the collective outcomes, a physical model encapsulating harvesting effects at the stand- and watershed-levels was developed to advance the probabilistic understanding of the forests and floods relation. Advantages of the new method include: (i) relaxing the watershed size and proximity constraints between control and treatment watersheds; (ii) detecting small levels of change in the peak flow time series with moderate harvesting levels; (iii) bypassing the need for a calibration equation, hence eliminating associated sources of uncertainty; (iv) making use of larger sample sizes to conduct frequency analysis, which make better inferences about the effects on extreme events; and (v) allowing for the estimation of harvesting effects at different historic snapshots of a watershed, thus providing an evaluation of hydrologic recovery.

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Visit Crown Hill Cemetary

Topics: Kurt Vonnegut

My place of choice to complete my mapping of public memory was Crown Hill Cemetery. If you do not live here the cemetery is in Indianapolis, Indiana, and the land covers approximately 555 acres of land and 25 miles of road. Crown Hill Cemetery was founded on September 25, 1863, to meet the needs of the growing city and the demands wrought by the Civil War (Organizational History. Crown Hill Cemetery is the third-largest private cemetery in the country (Schofield). The first burial in the cemetery was on June 2, 1864, and the person’s name was Lucy Ann Seaton (Schofield).

The first person to supervise the cemetery was Frederick Chislett, son of John Chislett who was the architect from Pittsburg who designed the cemetery into what it is today. Crown Hill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is also a National Cemetery of the Union and Confederate soldiers. There are over 200,000 people buried there and counting.

This cemetery is amazing to see and explore.

You would be amazed at all the things that you can do including tours. The place is so big that is hard to cover all square footage if you are not in a car or a tourist bus. You can see the cemetery if you walk in and walk around, but you can also schedule a small tour if you would to see certain kinds. Tours are done at all times of the year, but it is impossible to see every square inch and learn all the exciting things that are listed here.

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You must try to see things that would help and guide you on your exploration.

In my exploration I wanted to view several areas but finding time to get to the tours was not something that I could do at all. I found a map and did my exploration. I wanted to explore the landscaping, the community that surrounds the cemetery, tombstones, kurt vonnegut and, people who are buried here in Crown Hill Cemetery.

Crown Hill Cemetery is a place of public memory where families are buried sculptures and art is shown to review for families to see as they bury their loved ones. When you visit Crown Hill, memories are created every day by providing a final resting place for the people of Indianapolis, Indiana love. This creates memories and provides a burial site that has art sculptures and memorial sites that are long-lasting and can be viewed for the public to see. When you think of public memory you must consider famous people who are buried there and bring visitors to see the famous person’s final resting place. This will create traffic and memorials that have different types of viewing that talks about the individual itself and the work that was done here in Indiana. For example, John Dillinger the criminal is buried here, the 23rd President Benjamin Harrison as well as the well-known House of Representatives for the 7th Congressional district, Julia Carson. Also, Crown Hill cemetery represents placesplace of public memory as famous historic statues and different monuments were built to show how the original cemetery was built and how its historic features help attract people to the cemetery to view all its historic features.

As we further discuss the rhetoric it is often referred to as the spoken word according to Wikipedia. Also, rhetoric is referred to the study of discourse, events, objects, and practices that attends to their character as meaningful, legible, partisan, and consequential (Dickerson, Blair, Ott, 2). But what most clearly distinguishes rhetoric from other critical protocols is that it organizes itself around the relationship of discourses, events, objects, and practices to ideas about what it means to be “public” (Dickerson, Blair, Ott, 2). What makes this rhetoric is that events such as speeches, public meetings, and different events happen at Crown Hill Cemetery. Thinking of a place where you bury loves ones you would never think that events happen in a place that we see as “sacred”.

What is vernacular? Vernacular is referred to as architecture concerned with domestic and functional rather than monumental buildings per The original plan once the land was purchased was to design it its gothic look. It was laid out by Pittsburgh landscape designer John Chislett, who accentuated the naturally hilly topography with meandering roads that crisscross the site and pathways interspersed with tree plantings and grassy meadows. Upon Chislett’s death in 1869, his son, Frederick Chislett, was hired to implement his design and act as the cemetery’s superintendent. The design was strongly influenced by Adolph Strauch’s work at Spring Grove Cemetery in Cincinnati, Ohio. A Gothic Revival chapel by Dietrich Bohlen was erected in 1875, and Adolph Scherrer designed the Gothic Revival entrance gate on Boulevard Street in 1885 (

Per Wikipedia, a cemetery is a place where the remains of the dead people or otherwise interred. The Greek word cemetery refers to a “sleeping place” which implies that the land is designed for a burial ground. After doing some research there are a lot of events that take place at Crown Hill Cemetery and that is not to just bury our loved ones. Crown Hill Cemetery holds 5K races, storytelling for Halloween, tours and public speaking events, and other engagements that do not have anything to do with death or burying Indianapolis families. The issue that can be easily defined is when is there a fine line in having Crown Hill Cemetery a place that is sacred ground to go visit our loved ones. I agree that tours should happen to view the place to show loved ones where they could view their final resting place, but it is necessary to have actual 5K races or storytelling. There are no ground rules on what type of events must take place and it continues to be an issue that Crown Hill will never be a resting place just for the dead. The historical features and site allow more showings of the cemetery as this is the third-largest cemetery in the U.S. Crown Hill was dedicated on June 1, 1864, and encompasses 555 acres (225 ha), making it the third-largest non-governmental cemetery in the United States (

The landscape and the architectural detail in the cemetery were extremely beautiful and amazing to capture the scenery. My first time walking in I felt so peaceful with a beautiful site to see. It is like a sense of calm and so much to take in and see. It was exciting, and heartfelt at the same time. There are so many headstones and architectural detail in the cemetery that it was hard to just focus on one area at a time. The first thing as I looked around was to explore the landscaping. There were so many trees and shrugs to continue to add the natural beauty that surrounds the cemetery that it was almost unreal. The manicured grass and the surroundings were breathtaking and only pique my interest to see more of the cemetery. Wildlife abounds in Crown Hill Cemetery, which serves as a large refuge for birds, white-tailed deer, and small animals. More than 100 species of trees have been identified on the grounds.

National Cemeteries

In 1866, 708 Union soldiers who died during the Civil War and were buried at Greenlawn were removed to Crown Hill and interred in Section 9, south of where the Gothic Chapel now stands. The United States government purchased this 1.37-acre section to become the second of three national cemeteries in Indiana. Two years later in 1868, the first Decoration Day service in Indianapolis was celebrated here, highlighted by a speech by Governor Conrad Baker. This traditional ceremony recurs each May on Memorial Day and remains the longest-running Memorial Day Ceremony in Indiana. (The three National Cemeteries in Indiana include the Crown Hill National Cemetery located behind the Gothic Chapel which is now composed of Sections 9 & 10; the Confederate Mound on Section 32 which holds the remains of 1,616 Confederate Civil War soldiers who died in Camp Morton (1862-1865) in Indianapolis; and the Marion National Cemetery in Marion, Indiana. The Confederate Mound was established in 1933 after the 1,616 Confederate soldiers were reburied at Crown Hill from Greenlawn. Their graves are memorialized at Crown Hill by a large granite monument and ten smaller ones with bronze plaques bearing the names and units of those interred at this location.)

Gothic Chapel

In 1875 an impressive limestone Gothic Vault, today known as the Gothic Chapel, was designed by Diedrich A. Bohlen and built by German craftsmen. It was erected in the very center of the cemetery. Originally a temporary storage vault for the dead, it contained 96 crypts in the side rooms off the Nave. It was built in 1875 for $38,922.25. The Gothic Chapel is now used for funeral services, tours, and special events. The chapel was restored in 1971 and again in 2004-2006 for $3 million. This major restoration included the addition of a Vestibule on the front, as well as a custom-built organ and many other major improvements and additions.

34th Street Gate, Waiting Station, and Sentry House

The principal entryway to Crown Hill was established in 1885 at 34th Street and Boulevard Place (replacing a former western entrance located around 32nd Street and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Street). Adolph Scherrer designed this elaborate limestone archway as a companion to a brick administration building (the ‘Waiting Station’) that served as the cemetery office until 1969. A sentry house designed by the Bernard Vonnegut firm was constructed to the left of the entrance in 1904. (Bernard Vonnegut was the grandfather of the famous author Kurt Vonnegut.)

Other Significant Buildings

Two different homes once stood on the Crown Hill grounds, each constructed as a residence for the superintendent and his family. The first of these was erected in 1869 and stood until 1917; the second, built-in 1914, was removed in 1950. Other dwellings, including employee quarters, barns, stables, and shops, were built throughout the cemetery grounds. Today only the Service Yard, constructed in the early 1920s, remains. Other major structures on the grounds include the Crown Hill Mausoleum (1949), the current Administration Building (1969), the Crown Hill Funeral Home (1993), 58 private mausoleums, and multiple garden crypt buildings (located on the north and south grounds), including the ‘Field of Valor,’ dedicated on Veteran’s Day 2004 for military entombments and burials. On Veterans Day 2005 an Eternal Flame has dedicated the Field of Valor to honor all who have served. A few artworks include three Greek Goddess statues (the 1960s) that once stood atop the Marion County Courthouse in downtown Indianapolis, an Equatorial Sundial (1987) created by David L. Rodgers, and the Enkema Fountain (1989).

Brick and Wrought Iron Fence

A brick and wrought iron fence, begun in 1914 and completed in the late 1930s, surrounds three sides of the south grounds as well as the southernmost end of the north grounds–both areas being separated by 38th Street. George E. Kessler designed this fence, which underwent restoration from 1985 to 1992. In 1925 a bridge/subway was constructed beneath 38th Street (formerly Maple Road) so that cemetery visitors could access both sides of the cemetery without leaving the grounds.

Tomb Stones Marking and Famous People Buried

Tombstones have history and the symbols engraved on the tombstones have meaning. Most cemeterieshasBrick have the majority of the same markings and you will see the markings and what theyhave stand for as I further explain. The markings are normally exist across the nation due to the meaning oneach marking carries.

What can you learn from a tombstone? Early tombstones were often flat, either upright on a block or in-ground, plain rectangles with a rounded top. There might be a date of birth and/or the age at the time of death. There might be further information about relationships within the family.

Why are there recurrent carvings seen on tombstones in every cemetery? What is the meaning of these carvingsperson’s? Interpretation varies depending on the persons faith or belief. One of the most common symbols is the draped urn. The urn is an ancient symbol of death or mortality. The drapes (also called a curtain or veil) can mean sorrow or passage from one existence to another. Draped urns are found in most cemeteries. The one on the right is from St. Thomas Catholic Cemetery and the one on the left is in Forest Hill Cemetery. It also has a hand pointing up and roses symbolizing life after death and sorrow. Hands are another frequently seen symbols that can have different meanings depending on their position. Two hands in prayer symbolize devotion. One hand may symbolize the hand of God. One hand with one finger pointing up symbolizing the reward of the righteous or confirmation of life after death is seen quite frequently.

Clasped hands are another popular symbol. If the cuffs match it is a handshake of farewell to earthly existence. If the cuffs are male and female it indicates hands clasped in death as in life or eternal devotion. Angels symbolize rebirth or a messenger of God, a guardian. They may be flying, young, crossbar, or sorrowful looking. They are seen on children’s and adult’s graves including very old stones and modern ones. The cross symbolizes salvation. The Christian cross has one cross bar while the Eastern Orthodox has three, two straight and one at an angle. Celtic crosses have multiple carvings. Crosses may be combined with other symbols as is the one in our cemetery. Usually, an open Biblehave is a symbol of wisdom and resurrection. Flowers symbolize the brevity of life and sorrow. Certain flowers symbolize emotions. Lilies are a symbol of resurrection or purity. Roses indicate condolence or sorrow. Poppies are symbolic of sleep and therefore death.

  • An ivy vine symbolizes abiding memory and friendship.
  • The laurel branch symbolizes victory or glory.

Tree trunks with their cut-off limbs symbolize being cut off in the prime of life. There are very realistic stones with added carved symbols. The lamb symbolizes innocence, meekness and sacrifice and is used on children’s tombstones. The lamb tombstone in our ‘cemetery’ is in Forest Hill Cemetery. The lamb may stand alone or be carved into the stone.

  • Birds symbolize the soul. A flying bird symbolizes the flight of the soul back to God.
  • Some people include a statue or carving of a favorite pet or some other animal they care about.

The architectural and other features familiar to all are among the most popular motifs seen on tombstones such as columns, temples, obelisks, pyramids, sarcophagus, acanthus leaf, and arches.

Portraits of the deceased may be incorporated into the tombstone in several ways. A small oval covered with glass is used to include an actual photograph, a likeness may be carved directly into the stone, and a bas relief plaque may be attached and photographs in glass ovals. Also, members of fraternal organizations often include symbols on their graves. The cause of death may be carved into the tombstone as well. Military service may be indicated on a traditional tombstone as well as poem poemscarvingspersons that has been written by a loved one or written for publication. New technology allows for much more detail to be added to a tombstone. Rather than being carved in bas relief or standing statues, details can be etched directly into the stones and color can be added.

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Visit Crown Hill Cemetary. (2022, May 10). Retrieved from

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Which Dog Breeds Are Albino Dog Breeds?

While it's impossible to know if a dog is a true albino without genetic testing, "most albino dogs will actually have blue eyes and pink noses." Dogs with white fur and dark eyes or noses can sometimes be mistaken for albinos, but they are not albinos unless they have pink noses and pink skin around their eyes.

How rare is an albino dog?

How Common Is Albinism? True albino dogs without pigment are extremely rare. However, there are some breeds that they have more albino individuals than the others. We listed them above.

Are there albino dogs?

Albinism in dogs or any species is not a specific breed, but a rare, genetic mutation known as tyrosinase (full albino) or tyrosinase positive (partial albino). … A dog with white fur carries the genetic makeup for white pigmentation or may be a partial albino, whereas a true albino dog has no pigmentation.

What does a real albino look like?

What does a real albino look like?

The most common form of albinism results in white hair and very light skin compared to siblings. Skin color (pigmentation) and hair color can range from white to brown and are almost the same as the color of parents or siblings without albinism.

Do albino dogs have green eyes?

Albino dogs' eyes tend to be light blue, gray or green – all very pale tones. Sometimes they have light brown eyes. However, not all clear-eyed dogs are albinos. Pink eyes are common in other albino animals, but rare in dogs.

How much is an albino dog worth?

"You're looking at the $5,000 mark," he said, pushing for an estimate. To some people $5,000 may seem pretty average for a purebred puppy, especially breeds like English Bulldogs and Chow Chows can cost anywhere from $8,000 to $9,000 from a breeder.

Can albino dogs be in the sun?

For a true albino dog, no melanin or too much, direct sunlight will cause pain in their eyes, making them squint. True albino dogs should have minimal and careful exposure to direct sunlight. Albino dogs, or dogs with partial albinism, are highly sensitive to direct sunlight.

Why are white dogs deaf?

Dogs carrying the spotted gene (which affects the distribution and amount of the white color) are often affected by deafness. Piebaldism is the result of the absence of melanocytes, the cells that make up the pigment melanin.

albino dog breeds

Do albinos smell bad?

Close relatives of Caucasian albinos have described their odor to me as sour, fishy and foul-smelling. A Cuna Indian mother of both albino and brown-skinned children said that she could wash her albino babies with soap and they immediately smelled like they hadn't been washed in two weeks.

Are white Pitbulls rare?

White Pitbulls have always been around as they are the same as any other Pittie color. They are rarer than other colored Pitbulls.

What are the 4 types of albinism?

As many as seven forms of oculocutaneous albinism have been recognized to date – OCA1, OCA2, OCA3, OCA4, OCA5, OCA6, and OCA7. Some are further divided into subspecies. OCA1, or tyrosinase-related albinism, is caused by a genetic defect in an enzyme called tyrosinase.

What is the most common albino animal?

The two most common species of albino birds are the common house martin and the American thrush. Famous albino birds include “Snowdrop,” a Bristol Zoo penguin. Total albinism - the simultaneous complete absence of melanin from the eyes, skin, and feathers.

albino dog breeds information

Can two albino parents have a normal child?

Not necessarily. There are different types of albinism that affect several different genes. If two people with the same type of albinism reproduce, all their children will have albinism. If two people with two different types of albinism have children, NONE of the children will have albinism.

Why do white dogs go blind?

This special cell layer and the cells that determine hair color come from the same stem cell source. Without this stem cell, the dog's body will not be able to make this particular layer of hearing cells and will likely be white in color. Dogs carrying the spotted gene are often affected by deafness.

Why are white dogs rare?

Albinism is caused by a complete lack of pigmentation or melanin in the fur, skin, and eyes. It is found in all animals but is a rare genetic condition. … Similarly, research has shown that pigmented white dog breeds have a higher risk of deafness as well as skin issues, including an increased risk of sunburn.

Are albino animals deaf?

TYR mutations produce albinism, the condition in which melanocytes are present but do not produce melanin. … There is no association between albinism and hearing loss, because albinos have melanocytes in the stria vascular, but melanin is not produced, and albinos do not show hereditary deafness.

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18Forty Podcast
18Forty Podcast
Nov 23, 2020
Professor Allison Coudert: How did Religion Influence Science? [Science 2/4]
Play • 1 hr
In this episode of the 18Forty Podcast, we sit down with Professor Allison Coudert, of the Department of Religious Studies at UC Davis, to discuss the historical interplay of science with religion, and specifically with Kabbalah.

During a 1917 lecture talking about the rational mindset underlying science, Max Weber famously declared that “This means that the world is disenchanted.” Though this sentiment has permeated the public consciousness, Allison thinks the real story is more complicated. She thinks that science and enlightenment philosophy only heightened the magic we humans could experience, and that enlightenment movements have done so historically. In her mind, religion and science aren’t opponents, as they’re so often framed, but engage in a mutually-beneficial relationship, each inspiring and strengthening the other.

- What has the historical interplay of science and religion been?
- What influence has Kabbalah specifically had on scientists’ thought?
- What connotations do the words “modernity” and “enlightenment” tend to evoke in listeners?
- And are these evocations justified?

Tune in to hear Allison Coudert discuss the influence that Jewish thought has had since the Scientific Revolution.

For more, visit https://18forty.org/science/#coudert.
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Diabetes caused from pesticides

Diabetes Caused by Pesticide Exposure from Foods

Pesticide Use in the United States

Did you know that pesticide exposure has been shown to cause diabetes? Pesticides include all of the substances used to control “pests”. These include herbicides (glyphosate, RoundUp, etc), insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, rodenticides, soil fumigants, plant growth regulators, defoliants, and desiccants. Pesticide use began in 1945, and became more commonly used on farms by 1960, and the U.S. applied 196.47 million pounds of pesticides per year to farms. Pesticide use increased to 630.03 million pounds per year by 1980. The 1980s and 1990s brought some change to the use of pesticides. The Environmental Protection Agency began requiring testing of adverse effects of acute exposure of pesticides, and changed procedures for pesticide applicators to minimize drift and environmental contamination.

Foods with Pesticides

There are 21 main food crops that compose 72% of agriculture in the United States. These crops include: apples, barley, corn, cotton, grapefruit, grapes, lemons, lettuce, peaches, peanuts, pears, pecans, potatoes, oranges, rice, sorghum, soybeans, sugarcane, sweet corn, tomatoes, and wheat. You can read more about the chemicals on produce in this article. Additional sources of pesticides can come from meat, which you can read more about in this article.

How Pesticides Cause Diabetes

Pesticides cause Hyperglycemia

Recent research on mice and rats have shown that exposure to insecticides causes hyperglycemia. The most documented insecticides include organochlorine pesticides (like DDT) and organophosphorus (chlorpyrifos) types. Previous studies have shown that insecticide induced hyperglycemia is temporary and the blood sugar level would reduce to the point of hypoglycemia which can cause insulin resistance. The results of the new study show that low doses of oral intake of this type of pesticide can contribute to the development of diabetes.

Pesticides Over-Stimulate Nerves

Organophosphate insecticides include chlorpyrifos (banned by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in August 2021), diazinonare, dichlorvos, malathion, parathion, profenofos. Organophosphate pesticides are inhibitors of cholinesterases, resulting in hyper-stimulation of cholinergic nerves. Symptoms of over-stimulation of the cholinergic nerves include bradycardia (slow heart rate), vasodilation (widening of blood vessels), hypotension (low blood pressure), muscle tremors, and other neurologic symptoms. Organophosphates are one of the most common causes of poisoning worldwide, usually due to agricultural use or suicidal attempts. Unfortunately, organophosphate effects are not reversible, making treatment difficult. Acute toxicity and chronic toxicity have been reported against organophosphates. Repeated chronic exposure to organophosphates (like eating low amounts every day) has been reported to cause the same effects as acute toxicity. More research has been done on organophosphate insecticides than any other chemical, because has been the most commonly used insecticide since organochlorine insecticides (DDT) were banned by the US EPA in the 1970s due to environmental factors.

Pesticides Cause Liver and Pancreas Damage

Various types of pesticides cause the overstimulation of the nervous system, which causes the liver to increase glucose production to keep up with the high demand for energy. (The liver is responsible for glucose homeostasis.) The spike in glucose causes the pancreas to release insulin, to bring the glucose level back to a normal level. Over time, the insecticides causing excessive stimulation of the cholinergic receptors can disturb the insulin and glucagon secretions, and cause damage to the pancreas tissues. There are human and animal studies that found that insecticides can cause acute pancreatitis, altering insulin secretion regulation. Further studies of organophosphorus pesticides have also been found to cause an elevated body mass index (BMI) at an obese level in mice and rats. Chlorpyrifos residues have been found mostly on fruits and vegetables, which may cause difficulty with losing weight while eating foods with residues. You can read more about which foods have the highest levels of chlorpyrifos in this article.

Pesticides Hurt Your Gut Health

Exposure to pesticides has been proven to change gut flora, which can trigger metabolic changes, oxidative stress, and diseases. These diseases can include various types of diabetes like type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes, and juvenile diabetes. Observational studies in rural India found a high prevalence of diabetes, and demonstrated that organophosphate exposure alters the gut microbiota which induces glucose intolerance causing an increased risk of diabetes. Testing feces and analyzing the host metabolic system showed that the intestinal microbia was degrading, which produces short-chain fatty acids that cause glucogenesis (the body producing glucose for energy, instead of obtaining glucose from food sources). Another study has found that as blood plasma levels of organophosphate increase, there is a corresponding increase in blood A1C levels. Further studies were performed on animals, which resulted in an increase in blood glucose levels after 60 days when fed a diet containing a low dose monocrotophos when compared to the control animals. The interesting part is that there was no notable variation in the food and water intake between the study participants, including the control group and the study group fed the low-dose pesticides. Somehow when fed the same diet and the same amount, the pesticide group had an overall higher blood glucose level, which became significantly higher after 180 days.

How to Improve Your Metabolic Health

  • Get your labs checked. There are an estimated 7.3 million adults with undiagnosed diabetes. To prevent long term health effects from diabetes, get a regular checkup with labs. Yearly checkups and blood lab test are relatively cheap through primary health care providers, and there are a lot of health screenings events that provide the services for free (though a large employer, drug stores, etc). An A1C test provides a better overall picture of what your blood sugars run, but even a fasting glucose check will do.
  • Live a healthy lifestyle. Keep your body weight at a healthy level, avoid a sedentary lifestyle, and reduce your mental stress. Take care of your body, it is the only one you get! If you have a genetic predisposition to diabetes, make sure you are not increasing your risk for developing diabtetes with your lifestyle factors. You may not be able to control your genetics, but you can control your behavior. Today’s world is loaded with tools to help prevent diabetes. Get a cheap step counter (Amazon Link) and make sure you are getting at least 10,000 steps per day. Use the free MyFitnessPal app to log your food and keep your sugar intake under the recommended 24 grams of sugar per day.
  • Eat a healthy ORGANIC diet. One study has shown that eating a strictly organic diet has reduced the amount of specific pesticides in their urine within 1 week. Organic foods have less chemicals applied, however to go completely chemical free you need your own garden!
  • Grow your own fruits and vegetables. Studies have shown that those who garden live on average 4.2 years longer than those who don’t. The lifestyle changes with starting a garden are 100% beneficial! Other recent studies have shown that young children that grow up gardening have better overall health, more diversified gut microbiome (better overall gut health), improved nutrient intake, and increased physical activity. They are also more likely to try nutritious foods when helping in the garden, when compared to store-bought foods.


Playing the Anti-Sicilian as White and Black

Quick Summary:

  • The Alapin Variation is a response to the Sicilian Defense and arises after 1.e4 c5 2.c3. It falls under the category of openings known as an “Anti-Sicilian”.
  • The chief idea behind 2.c3 is to thrust the d-pawn to d4 and hope to achieve an ideal pawn center with pawns on e4 and d4.
  • Black tends to fare better by not letting White have the ideal pawn center and most commonly plays Nf6 or d5 to prevent this.
  • The opening is very solid and is popular at all levels (even computers).

Take a look at our free Short & Sweet Alapin Course!

Is the opening sound?

The opening is considered very sound due to the principles of controlling the center and is not considered very risky or overly sharp for White, which is usually what Black is after in mainline Sicilians.

Black usually has a high degree of success in an Open Sicilian (2.Nf3), so an Anti-Sicilian (ie not entering into a mainline Siclian) is a good choice. 2.c3 is the most popular choice among Anti-Sicilians.

The Alapin has been employed by world champions such as Garry Kasparov, Vishy Anand, Anatoly Karpov, Veselin Topalov, and Vladimir Kramnik, further attesting to its soundness.

Is the Alapin good for beginners?

The Alapin is considered to be a very good resource for beginners to fight against the Sicilian. Most beginners are likely to go 2…Nc6 and give White their ideal pawn structure. It is maybe one of the best replies to 1…c5 for beginners.

There is a lot of theory and options in mainline Sicilians, and the Alapin avoids a lot of this, which is ideal for beginners that aren’t yet ready to memorize lines upon lines of theory and who just want to play principled chess.

For that reason, the Alapin is much more popular at the amateur level than at the top level.

White’s main idea in the Alapin

White is hoping to strike at the center with a d4 pawn push. In an ideal world, Black plays the natural-looking developing move 2…Nc6. White proceeds as planned with 3.d4 cxd4 4.cxd4 and White gets what they want.

Happy days for White. The ideal pawn center.

This position is all too common at the intermediate level and below. It’s automatic play by Black, and it’s punished by White who gets rewarded with the ideal pawn center.

4…d5 basically has to be played here. If not, Black’s knight gets trapped. For example, if Black keeps with their automated way of thinking and tries to set up a dragon with 4…g6, Black’s knight gets trapped:

Black's knight trapped in the Alapin

5.d5 Ne5 6.f4 and the knight exits the stage with no squares left.

How Black should respond to 2.c3

The higher rated you are, the less likely you’re going to see Black just giving you an ideal pawn center. For Black, there are two main moves to respond to 2.c3, these are 2…d5 (known as the Barmen Defense) and 2…Nf6.

2…d5 3.exd5 Qxd5 4.d4

It’s best here to develop the knight with 4…Nc6. It adds another attacker to the d4 pawn, and if Black captures with 4…cxd4 5.cxd4 and White can develop the Knight to c3 with a tempo on the queen.

5.Nf3 Bg4

Another defender to d4 is, but Black’s bishop pins it. Black now has their entire queenside developed, with White only having one piece out.

White usually unpins their knight with 6.Be2. Eventually, tension is usually resolved with a capture, and oftentimes White is left with a small liability with an isolated queen pawn (IQP).

Generally, the IQP is a weakness for the side that has it. The opposing side usually likes to make a target out of it. Without pawns on adjacent files it can be tough to defend.

The side with the IQP generally will generally try to trade it off or push it and make it a problem for the opposing side.

Black developed in the Alapin variant

This is the other main line for Black. It has the dual benefit of developing a piece and attacking White’s e-pawn.

This highlights the main weakness of the Alapin. the knight obviously cannot go to its natural square on c3 to protect the Knight. It’s rather common in the Alapin for White to actually develop the knight to the unnatural looking a3 square, which serves as a launching pad for it to get to c4 or b5.

In any case, White plays 3.e5, to chase the knight away, where it lands on d5 and it looks kind of like an Alekhine Defense, just that White can’t really establish the large pawn center it does in that opening due to the fact that we’re in a Sicilian, and there is a pawn guarding d4.

Alapin variation looking like Alekhine's defense

After this a center fight usually ensues with 4.d4 cxd4, though if White prefers to hold the tension, they can play 4.Nf3 first and wait until they feel the moment is right.

Model game

Until here we’ve just touched on the basic first few moves of the Alapin to give you an idea of what you’ll see. Let’s dive a bit deeper into this solid opening by reviewing a famous match showcasing the Alapin.

The match we’re going to look at is from 1996, and it is not only a spectacular example of a well-executed Alapin, but it is also one of the most famous chess matches ever played. Why? Well because it was the first match between the top player in the world, Garry Kasparov, and supercomputer, Deep Blue.

Check out our tactics course, analyzing famous tactics from Kasparov’s games.

Deep Blue – Kasparov Match (1996), Philadelphia, PA USA, rd 1, Feb-10

1.e4 c5 2.c3 d5 3.exd5 Qxd5 4.d4 Nf6 5.Nf3 Bg4 6.Be2 e6 7.h3 Bh5 8.0-0 Nc6 9.Be3

We’ve got a pretty standard opening position out of the opening. 2…d5 which is one of the main lines. Both sides have developed naturally. The focal point of games like this is the pawn on d4. It’s attacked by three of black’s pieces and defended by four of White’s.

9…cxd4 10.cxd4

The tension is resolved on d4, which allows Black to develop their dark-squared bishop. White is left with an isolated queen pawn. Many times an isolated queen pawn is a weakness and an easy target to gang up on, but it doesn’t have to be. If White can play proactively and make threats of their own, there’s nothing to worry about with the lone pawn on d4.

10…Bb4 11.a3 Ba5 12.Nc3 Qd6 13.Nb5

Now that the c3 square has been freed, White has been able to develop their queenside knight to its most natural square. It can now maneuver into b5 where it exerts a lot of pressure. This is a common place for this knight to land, sometimes via playing Na3 if the c3 square is still occupied. Forks are common from this square if left undefended.

Knight targeting the c7 square and queen in the Alapin from Kasparov vs.  Deep Blue

Knowing this might help you in your Alapin plans, but Kasparov is not going to fall for stuff like that. We’re onto the middlegame.

13…Qe7 14.Ne5

Both of White’s Knights get into Black’s territory now. Garry still hasn’t castled. The c6 knight is under attack as is the h5 bishop. 14…Bxe2 15.Qxe2 0-0 16.Rac1. Some pieces are exchanged and Kasparov castles.

Deep Blue has beautifully coordinated its pieces here. Obviously the rook belongs on the open file. The knight remains on the fantastic e5 square and should not be taken.

If 16…Nxe5, then 17. exd5, and the knight on f6 must move. Bc5, supported by the rook on c1, has a potential major threat of skewering the queen and rook.

Piece coordination by Deep Blue in Kasparov vs.  Deep Blue

You just love to see coordination like this.

In this position if the knight drops back on 17…Nd7 to one, obviously not get captured by the pawn, and two, to provide a further defender of c5, we get more tactical possibilities. 18.Bxa7 b6 makes it look like you’ve lost the bishop; but White is coordinated so so nicely that 19.Rc7, and the bishop is defended and black’s knight is pinned to their queen!

A possible pin in the Alapin

This would be just crushing for White.

16…Rac8 17.Bg5

White now has THREE minor pieces on the fifth rank.

Here things get interesting. 17…Bb6 attacks the isolated queen pawn we spoke about earlier. 18.Bxf6 and if 18…Qxf6 19.Nd7 and the queen on f6 and the rook on f8 are forked. So Black is obligated to ruin their pawn structure in front of their king with 18…gxf6. 19.Nc4 Rfd8 20.Nxb6 axb6now Black has doubled pawns on both sides of the board.

Kasparov's double c and f pawns in his first game against Deep Blue

This is not determining, however. Obviously the doubled b and f-pawns are not great for Black, but White’s passed d-pawn can still cause some headaches.

21.Rd1 getting the rook more active and defending the d-pawn, 21…f5 grabbing more space and exerting control over the e4 and g4 squares.

22.Qe3 Qf6. 23.d5 This is a really nice idea (if you can call computer thinking ‘having ideas’) by White. Black’s knight is immediately attacked and the queenside weaknesses are exposed. There is no one defending the pawn on b6. The b7 pawn will fall after that.

23…Rxd5 24.Rxd5 exd5. Deep Blue plays a sort of odd-looking move. It doesn’t take immediately on b6 but plays 25.b3 to get the pawn out of the black queen’s sights.

25…Kh8 26.Qxb6 Rg8. Black is now counterattacking, the ruined pawn structure doesn’t look so bad for Black now that the rook is lasering down the b-file. 27.Qc5 and White will hope to pick off Black’s weaknesses.

Kasparov's counter play in his first game against Deep Blue

It’s still a dead equal position.

27…d4 Kasparov’s first real mistake. Now 28.Nd6 and the knight simultaneously hits f5 (along with the queen) and b7. 28…f4 to try to create active counterplay, but the cold, calculating mind (chip?) of Deep Blue shows no bother, 29.Nxb7. 29…Ne5 30.Qd5 f3 31.g3 Nd3 32. Rc7 And now the rook is on the seventh rank, and the queen is staring at the f7 pawn with it.

f7 square targeted by queen and rook

Mate in one on next move

32…Re8 33.Nd6 Re8+ 34.Kh2 Nxf2 Black has mate in one on the next move!

It’s a shame for Kasparov, he is one move away from delivering mate. It’s enough to make anyone feel scared in an endgame, except a computer.

35.Nxf7+ If 35…Qxf7 sacrificing the queen in hopes of White taking the queen it does not work, as 36.Qd8+ Kg7, White can capture the Queen with rook with check, and move the king around the board with checks until it picks up one of the pieces threatening mate.

35…Kg7 36.Ng5+ 36.Kh6 37.Kh7+ and Kasparov resigns, making him the first reigning world champion and, at that point, best player to ever play the game, to lose to a computer. Deep Blue's multiple threats against Kasparov

No point in fighting on. 37.Kg6 38.Qg8+ Kf5 and 39.Nxf3 eliminates Black’s mate in one, which he had maintained since move 34.

Delve deeper into the Alapin with The High Pressure Alapin Sicilian.

Is the Alapin variation (c3 Sicilian) good?

The Alapin variation is considered solid and practical, and is the third most common reply to the Sicilian Defense.

How do you counter the Alapin Sicilian?

2…d5 and 2…Nf3 are considered the main line responses. It is important to not play a move such as 2…Nc6 in order to prevent White from establishing an ideal pawn center.

How do you play the Alapin?

The Alapin arises after 1.e4 c5 2.c3. The idea is to prepare a central pawn push with d4 and fight for the center.

What is an Anti-Sicilian?

An Anti-Sicilian is a response to the Sicilian Defense that opts for a move other than 2.Nf3 (known as the Open Sicilian) Examples include the Closed Sicilian, Grand Prix Attack, and the Smith-Morra Gambit. By declining to play a mainline Sicilian, Black is playing a bit by White’s rules, and thus cannot enter into derivations of the Open Sicilian such as the Accelerated Dragon.

How do you beat the Alapin as Black?

Black should counter in the center immediately by attacking White’s e-pawn, thereby preventing White from establishing an ideal pawn center.

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Elizabeth Siewert

earned a BS in math and chemistry. She worked in the field of molecular biology at the University of Colorado for 15 years, carrying out research in genetics, where she learned a lot about biological systems. After her children were grown, she went on to earn a Ph.D. in biostatistics, thus combining her love for both math and biology. Her interest is in quantitatively modeling biological systems.

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Cybersecurity is us: protect (well) your data

Cybersecurity is essential for users’ personal data to be free from danger. Take charge of your data.

Practice cybersecurity and protect your data, is advice that serves both companies and individuals who create, store and share data online.

But while companies tend to do it more and more frequently and consistently, the average user is still far from achieving a security practice that is considered ideal.

All the information that exists on the internet about our real life, such as identifying data such as name, address, email or telephone, or more specific data such as race, religion, political beliefs and health status, create personal data.

It is from this data that the companies that collect them build a virtual profile for each user, and it is this profile that is traded online. Most of this data is requested from us when we use online services, such as when making purchases or registering with apps and social networks.

These personal data should be private, that is, shared only between the user and the company or service that is requesting them, and be used only to perform the function for which they are requested. Unfortunately, we know that this is not so.

All the information that we intentionally share about our life on social media also enters the personal data portfolio of each of us.

Voluntary and involuntary data

Whenever we post messages about the restaurant where we went to dinner, about the movie we went to see or when we post family photos during our holidays, we are adding personal data that can be collected to complete our profile.

To complete the data portfolio, there are still those that we do not intentionally provide, but that we “involuntarily give” when, for example, we consult the weather or GPS providing our geolocation.

All this data has been transformed into the so-called “petroleum” of the 21st century. Companies that manage content, products and services online have found highly profitable business models to collect, manage and trade this information. Targeted advertising and marketing or market research are just some of them.

Why we must protect our data

Our personal data is the basic ingredient for the multi-million-dollar deals that are made between large financial groups, and yet we offer it for free, in exchange for access to a service or a social network.

What for many seems to be an unavoidable situation in the digital world, since we are forced to provide it otherwise we cannot enter this world, for others it is the realization that we had very little “care” with our personal data, which made to throw away a precious economic resource.

If I don’t “like” my personal data, who will? Apparently everyone! From governments to companies, from professional criminals to amateur pirates.

criminal uses

In the face of so many interested parties, our personal data ended up being used in many things that we would not want to see them involved with in real life.

From committing crimes to manipulating elections, from giving visibility to fake news to putting our computer or smartphone to work for hacker networks from afar.

They can also, if placed at the service of large companies or governments with “special” interests, provide these entities with enormous power of control over specific groups of the population or over public opinion.

These reasons seem to us more than enough for each of us to pay more and more attention to cybersecurity issues and protect your data in all your online activities.

Sharing a lot of personal information on different platforms such as social media can be harmful

Although the European Union has made a great effort to make citizens aware of the need to protect and combat illegal access to personal data, creating the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the scenario remains unpopular.

It is difficult to ensure that people control their personal information within the European Union when life on the internet is global and when many of the companies that trade this data are ramified by diverse geographies and legislation and remain very reluctant to give up their “oil” .

On the other hand, we also have pirates who quickly find new and creative solutions to invade protection mechanisms, not allowing the technical teams that created them to develop resources in a timely manner to correct the exposed flaws.

This means that cybersecurity continues to be a prevention and the best practice that we can have in our daily lives on the internet. Here we leave you some advice.

Don’t share too much on social media

We know it’s very easy to share too much information and share wrong information on social media. Don’t feel at home talking to friends about your life, showing your family and exposing all your routines and habits.

It’s just that he’s not at home talking to friends, but on a public stage where many strangers can peek.

Don’t be tempted to show that you also do or that you also have it because others show it. Think before posting about who you can see beyond your friends, who can keep your information and how that information could compromise you in the future if it falls into the wrong hands.

Always update privacy and security settings

It is valid for any application, any social network, any software or operating system. Update and configure. Update and configure, always. It’s hard work, it’s boring, but it’s worth it.

Updates bring new ways to fight viruses or other piracy. You might think they are too frequent, but that’s a good sign.

It means that just as hackers are always working on new ways to break security, technicians are always fighting back with new security updates. Join the dance and pair up with cybersecurity.

Messing with the privacy and cookie settings is another headache, but it’s also worth it. Thanks to the regulations and laws that have been created, companies are increasingly obliged to create these configurations.

They do it reluctantly and it is noticeable in the way they make the configuration work difficult, but don’t give up. Configure as much as you can and, if you think the company is not behaving well, complain and denounce everywhere, especially in data protection services.

Always use antivirus and be careful what you click or touch

Protect all your devices, from desktop PCs to laptops and smartphones.

It is quite likely that piracy attacks will get worse as we are increasingly connected by the internet, so this is an essential action for your security.

A good antivirus, always updated, is a precious help against security breaches that can take your passwords and personal data.

Don’t click on any links or emails you receive because this is an excellent gateway to your personal world and a real threat to cybersecurity.

And if you’re one of those users who wants to try out everything new, proceed with extra caution because it’s those who try out products and services who also end up experiencing first-hand the security problems with these new features.

Long and complicated passwords

This is perhaps the oldest advice to give, but still the most effective. Long and complicated sentences can form real walls of security for your personal data.

Remember that technology advances in such a way that it exceeds our ability to anticipate what could go wrong or have serious consequences.

Always protect yourself and if something goes wrong with your password, don’t just think about changing it and resetting your device. Do this, but also make a public online report of the fraud that happened to you.

Create a page about cybersecurity breaches, talk about it on social media and report it to the National Data Protection Commission. Know your rights and demand that they be fulfilled. This is also how you are working towards cybersecurity and the protection of your data.

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In two macro-scale diamonds, an ‘spooky action at a distance' was observed

By: April Carson

The tiny world is often considered the domain of quantum entanglement, the spooky action at a distance that might be useful for things such as high-powered computing and security. It's simple — OK, not easy, but certainly doable these days — to link the fates of two particles or two tiny items. Scientists have now produced macroscale quantum entanglement, entangling two millimeter-size diamonds.

Entanglement is a phenomenon that occurs as a result of instantaneous interaction at a distance, in which the quantum state of two particles - or in this case one trillion atoms - are connected.

This technology is extremely expensive and difficult to acquire, and it typically needs very chilly temperatures (a few degrees above absolute zero) or specialized confinement methods to prevent the particles from interacting with the surroundings. However, diamonds have a number of characteristics that eliminate the need for such extremes. Even at room temperature, small regions within the diamond are adequately shielded from external disturbances that tangled states can emerge even in large numbers because of the crystal lattice's strong rigid frame (the periodic geometry of carbon atoms).

Even if some of the quantum information carried by entangled atoms is lost, it can be compensated for by sharing that secret information with other atoms or using an auxiliary system.

One important property that makes diamonds suitable for quantum entanglement experiments is called "phonon confinement." Phonons are quasi-particles that manifest themselves as collective excitations of atoms in a solid.

Since the first confirmation of this extraordinary effect, with Bell's inequality demonstration, entangled particles had only been observed in tiny numbers of particles - with the previous record being 16 spin states entangled. Researchers at Oxford University were able to link quadrillions of atoms together in two crystals six inches apart by utilizing a property of solid-state matter known as phonon vibrations, which are coherent (or synchronized) vibrations similar to sound transmission.

The researchers were able to create phononic vibrations by directing a photon from a microwave laser pulse into the diamonds. Imagine throwing a bowling ball into a spring mattress, where the bowling ball strikes the springs and they bounce up and down. When a photon is sent through a beam splitter and into two separate channels, it is in what is called in quantum superposition - it's believed to be in both at the same time (see our article Quantum Weirdness Replaced By Classical Fluid Dynamics for more information). Given that one photon generates a phonon in two separate crystals, they vibrate similarly, thus the phononic state is deemed to be entangled across the two crystals.

In more recent experiments, a group of researchers was able to maintain this amazing condition for many seconds, which might lead to the use of diamonds in quantum computing or photon transmission over long distances. However, the technique has an extremely low success rate right now – requiring approximately a million attempts before one entanglement of phonons is achieved.

This observation is an important step towards the future development of quantum computers, which would be able to perform operations thousands of times faster than traditional machines.

However, the practical applications of these findings are amazing; they reveal "quantum" behavior on a macroscopic scale. Demonstrating that quantum phenomena aren't as inexplicable as we think, and in fact, qualities such as entanglement may be fundamental to the Universe's structure and mechanics.

The two diamonds had to be carefully prepared to start this experiment. To entangle the rubidium atoms within them, they were cooled to extremely low temperatures – one was 0.01 K and the other was 100 times colder at 1 millikelvin (0.001 K).

Further cooling brought their internal temperatures down to the nanokelvin range (billionths of a kelvin). These temperatures were then held constant – there was no heat flow between the diamonds and their environment – for several minutes.

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