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Spiritual Meaning of Snakes in Dreams

Spiritual meaning of snakes in dreams

If you dreamed about snakes, what does it mean? Snake dreams are quite widespread, and in fact one of the most prevalent animal nightmares of its kind. We will take a look at everything about snake dreams in the sections below, from meaning to history to their place in many cultures.

    In general, if you dream of a snake, it may reveal information about a problem that is bothering or aggravating you. It could be a symptom of self-sabotage and how it interferes with you in other aspects of your life in certain situations. A snake in a dream may also represent what you are trying to avoid. Snake, on the other hand, can mean positively, i.e. renewal.

    It can also mean that things are different than they seem and there is more to learn beneath the surface. If we consider snakes to be knowledgeable, we can teach them how to deal with emotions like fear and anger. Likewise, if you are dreaming of a snake notorious for poisoning its victims, this dream could indicate a venomous person or scenario, even down to jealousy.

    Most Common Snake Dream Symbols

    Dreaming about snakes is undoubtedly a frightening thing for some individuals, especially those who have experienced horrific encounters with snakes.

    However, as this part of the page shows, the "meaning" of the snake dream symbol varies considerably.

    A snake in a dream can mean wisdom or healing, depending on its tone and how it is portrayed.

    Symbolism can also refer to rebirth. In other words, your life needs regeneration.

    The snake is a symbol of strength and courage. They are often depicted holding their heads high rather than looking down like most other creatures.

    Snakes also mean no warning before attacking and travel quietly. These traits show confidence, strength and agility.

    Snakes are a sign of danger to the majority of humans. It's a good idea to keep an eye on your stride to avoid going straight into the snake's trap. Snakes have long been associated with fear and can also have bad meanings in dreams. From friends to foes, it can represent you and the evil people around your life.

    This is not to say that dreams involving snakes are always terrible. There are times when seeing a snake in a dream indicates something wonderful, such as regeneration, strength or courage.

    If the snake is alive and active, it can indicate changes such as lifestyle changes. If we are scared enough to ask (in a dream), this could indicate anger at the person who has wronged us.

    What led us to this snake dream explanation?

    We looked at popular interpretations provided by psychoanalysts and psychologists who have written books about dreams. For example, seeing a lot of snakes in a dream can suggest fear of change, some say.

    You can find more interpretations of the snake dream and what it means for your situation below.

    What does it mean to dream about snakes? Snake dream meaning

    A snake in a dream may indicate changes or scary events in your life.

    It could be a sign of some change in the near future.

    There are several ways to determine what seeing a snake in a dream symbolizes.

    Snakes in dreams are associated with a variety of emotions and emotions, including impotence, fear, jealousy, and even anger at the achievements of others.

    Dreams can symbolize different things for different individuals, so you need to identify your special meaning among the common ones.

    What does it mean to dream about snakes appearing unexpectedly?

    But what does it mean if you have never dreamed before and suddenly you dream of a snake?

    A dream about this reptile can represent everything from rebirth to power or valor.

    If you see a snake in a dream, it is important to consider the context of the dream.

    A snake in a dream doesn't have to be bad news, just like a real snake bite doesn't have to be fatal.

    Snake bites heal, nightmares disappear, and the mind loses memories and traumas of the value of the day as a snake peels its skin.

    Snake dreams have been considered unpleasant throughout history.

    Because of their ability to shed their skin, a symbol of metamorphosis and rejuvenation, snakes were considered guardians of secrets and wealth in ancient times.

    There are many different cultural interpretations of what snakes mean in dreams, but one thing is certain. If you have ever dreamed of a snake, it usually means something bad.

    However, there are cases when such a dream portends something surprising, such as regeneration or power.

    Before interpreting your dreams, you should consult a specialist. Because a qualified dream analyst can help you beyond just telling yourself, "It means I'm going through a tough time."

    16 Most Common Types of Snake Dreams

    We will take a look at the 16 most prevalent types of snake dreams and try to decipher what they mean.

    1. What if the snake's skin is peeled off?

    A snake losing its skin in a dream may indicate the need to abandon old ways of thinking in order to move forward.

    It may also indicate that you are letting go of your old life and accepting a new one.

    In this case, the snake represents rebirth.

    When an individual sees a snake in a dream, it indicates that both partners have the ability to regenerate from one stage to the next.

    This also occurs with reptiles that in nature can shed old skin and re-grow with new skin, and trees that lose leaves in the fall and then re-grow in the spring.

    This interpretation of the snake dream usually serves as a wake-up call. If your recurring snake dream is related to a person or event in your life, be aware of any meanings that could be interpreted as a sign of rebirth.

    2. What if a snake hurts me or challenges me in my dream?

    If you dreamed of a snake attacking you, it could indicate that you need to pay attention to some part of yourself.

    From how they find their prey to the amount of snakes they see on land or in water, this typical dream portends a threat from within. Internal conflicts that may appear publicly if not properly resolved.

    There are many different possibilities in terms of meaning that snakes in your dream are actually hurting you. For example, it may indicate one's own self-destructive behavior.

    3. Have you ever dreamed of a snake coming out of the water?

    The ancient sea serpent is a powerful symbol of the unconscious, a symbol of the unknown powers lurking in our own minds or in the dark depths.

    Intuition, instinct, and the ability to get fairly close to a target are all symbols of the sea serpent.

    A snake in the water is a popular dream symbolizing danger, a tendency to unknown danger or an inherent fear of water.

    4. What does a dream of a snake chasing mean?

    Fear is a common theme among people who have nightmares about chasing snakes.

    You probably need some rejuvenation in your life. On the other hand, being chased by a snake may indicate a need for "sea change".

    Finally, being chased by a snake indicates a need for change that can only come from within.

    5. But what if I don't avoid snakes after all?

    This can indicate a variety of things related to recent big life changes and what will happen next.

    It may also indicate that something unpleasant is happening right now that has nothing to do with you.

    This dream indicates the fear that you may lose all meaning and purpose in your current situation.

    6. What does the snake represent when inside and outside the house?

    If you have a dream about "interior" snakes, it is a warning to beware of hidden dangers in your life.

    Outdoor snakes, on the other hand, often indicate a need to be vigilant about future intentions or actions.

    7. What if you have nightmares about dangerous snakes?

    There are about 3,000 different species of snakes on Earth, including both harmful and beneficial.

    To dream of a viper than a garter snake could be a more dangerous wake-up call.

    The fact that snakes are venom doesn't mean they are dangerous.

    If you are having a poisonous dream, something disturbing may happen.

    8. What if you dream of eating a snake?

    When you eat a snake, you expend bad energy in the thoughts and feelings of others.

    In other cases, however, defeating these forces within rather than allowing them to remain outside shows authority over them.

    The desire to return to the original state, or the desire to return to the homeland, was symbolized by the act of eating snakes.

    9. What about a full-grown snake?

    Seeing an adult snake can make you feel weak or intimidated by what others say.

    If adults have the ability to harm you, seeing them may indicate fear or anger at being overwhelmed.

    This dream may indicate jealousy or anger at your relative achievements if they are weaker than you.

    It can also indicate self-doubt about what other people think of you and a fear of being misled.

    The interpretation of a snake bite largely depends on how the dreamer feels about him. Feeling helpless and threatened may indicate fear or anger at what others are saying. If they feel powerless but are still aware of their status, they may show jealousy or resentment at what others see as success.

    Related Posts

    About the author

    Jennifer Holloway

    Jennifer Holloway

    Jennifer Holloway lives in Denton, TX with her husband Rob. She has two adorable, rambunctious daughters and a husband who is patient, sweet and understanding. She’s also an avid reader who loves to write about the characters that inhabit her imagination. Holloway loves to spend time in the outdoors, with her family and friends, or reading. She has a degree in English with a minor in Philosophy from the University of North Texas.

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A Gundam holding a gun, damn!

Ayodeji Ibrahim Balogun, popularly known as wizkid, is a Nigerian songwriter and singer, who delivers a beautiful hit song termed “Reckless”.

The song “Reckless” is included on his most recent album, “Made In Lagos,” which was just made available.

The “Made In Lagos” album also includes 14 songs with contributions from artists including Burna Boy, Skepta, Damian Marley, H.E.R., Tems, Terri, and others.

Listen and share your thoughts below!


Zeeshan Ahmed

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CUE Vectors: Modular Training of Language Models Conditioned on Diverse Contextual Signals
Scott Novotney | Sreeparna Mukherjee | Zeeshan Ahmed | Andreas Stolcke
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2022

We propose a framework to modularize the training of neural language models that use diverse forms of context by eliminating the need to jointly train context and within-sentence encoders. Our approach, contextual universal embeddings (CUE), trains LMs on one type of contextual data and adapts to novel context types. The model consists of a pretrained neural sentence LM, a BERT-based contextual encoder, and a masked transfomer decoder that estimates LM probabilities using sentence-internal and contextual evidence.When contextually annotated data is unavailable, our model learns to combine contextual and sentence-internal information using noisy oracle unigram embeddings as a proxy. Real context data can be introduced later and used to adapt a small number of parameters that map contextual data into the decoder’s embedding space. We validate the CUE framework on a NYTimes text corpus with multiple metadata types, for which the LM perplexity can be lowered from 36.6 to 27.4 by conditioning on context. Bootstrapping a contextual LM with only a subset of the metadata during training retains 85% of the achievable gain. Training the model initially with proxy context retains 67% of the perplexity gain after adapting to real context. Furthermore, we can swap one type of pretrained sentence LM for another without retraining the context encoders, by only adapting the decoder model. Overall, we obtain a modular framework that allows incremental, scalable training of context-enhanced LMs.

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WinkTalk: a demonstration of a multimodal speech synthesis platform linking facial expressions to expressive synthetic voices
Éva Székely | Zeeshan Ahmed | João P. Cabral | Julie Carson-Berndsen
Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Speech and Language Processing for Assistive Technologies

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Hierarchical Phrase-Based MT for Phonetic Representation-Based Speech Translation
Zeeshan Ahmed | Jie Jiang | Julie Carson-Berndsen | Peter Cahill | Andy Way
Proceedings of the 10th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas: Research Papers

The paper presents a novel technique for speech translation using hierarchical phrased-based statistical machine translation (HPB-SMT). The system is based on translation of speech from phone sequences as opposed to conventional approach of speech translation from word sequences. The technique facilitates speech translation by allowing a machine translation (MT) system to access to phonetic information. This enables the MT system to act as both a word recognition and a translation component. This results in better performance than conventional speech translation approaches by recovering from recognition error with help of a source language model, translation model and target language model. For this purpose, the MT translation models are adopted to work on source language phones using a grapheme-to-phoneme component. The source-side phonetic confusions are handled using a confusion network. The result on IWLST'10 English- Chinese translation task shows a significant improvement in translation quality. In this paper, results for HPB-SMT are compared with previously published results of phrase-based statistical machine translation (PB-SMT) system (Baseline). The HPB-SMT system outperforms PB-SMT in this regard.

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Joao Paulo Cabral | Mark Kane | Zeeshan Ahmed | Mohamed Abou-Zleikha | Éva Székely | Amalia Zahra | Kalu Ogbureke | Peter Cahill | Julie Carson-Berndsen | Stephan Schlögl

This paper describes a prototype of a computer-assisted pronunciation training system called MySpeech. The interface of the MySpeech system is web-based and it currently enables users to practice pronunciation by listening to speech spoken by native speakers and tuning their speech production to correct any mispronunciations detected by the system. This practice exercise is facilitated in different topics and difficulty levels. An experiment was conducted in this work that combines the MySpeech service with the WebWOZ Wizard-of-Oz platform (http://www.webwoz.com), in order to improve the human-computer interaction (HCI) of the service and the feedback that it provides to the user. The employed Wizard-of-Oz method enables a human (who acts as a wizard) to give feedback to the practising user, while the user is not aware that there is another person involved in the communication. This experiment permitted to quickly test an HCI model before its implementation on the MySpeech system. It also allowed to collect input data from the wizard that can be used to improve the proposed model. Another outcome of the experiment was the preliminary evaluation of the pronunciation learning service in terms of user satisfaction, which would be difficult to conduct before integrating the HCI part.

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Phonetic Representation-Based Speech Translation
Jie Jiang | Zeeshan Ahmed | Julie Carson-Berndsen | Peter Cahill | Andy Way
Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XIII: Papers


Author’s name: Chess Desalls

Title of book: Glistens
Brief summary of the story:
Marian is a teen Glisten—a fairy that takes the form of a firefly—who hopes to become a guardian. She’s stuck in summer school when she hears a call for help. Will she be able to answer her ward’s call and complete her class project? Or will summer and its distractions make her lose focus?
Glistens is set in the real world. The Glistens are a fairy-shifter society whose colonies exist among humans. They use glamours to stay hidden. Ancestors of the Glistens in my novella settled in Applewold, Pennsylvania, along the Allegheny River.
If we were to visit as tourists, what would you recommend that we see or do there?
If the Glistens grant you sight into their world, I’d recommend a tour of their schools and homes. They are much different than how they appear on the outside. Otherwise, you might want to spend a day fishing.
What dangers should we avoid?
Stay away from the Rabbits.
Is there a distinct or unusual type of food or meal that we might be served by Glistens?
Glistens enjoy vegetable stew and vanilla breakfast cake, as well as nectar ices and pollen nuggets. They maintain a vegan diet.
What types of weaponry or fighting styles are common to Glistens?
This breed of fairy shifters is, for the most part, peaceful. But they have a magic system with a basis in fire and cold light. They use their light to transform objects and guide others to safety. But sometimes their magic is needed to combat evil forces.
What types of vehicles, animals, technology, etc. do Glistens use to travel?
Glistens don’t own motorized vehicles such as cars and motorcycles. One of the Glistens in the story has managed to get his hands on an old bicycle. Even so, their preferred method of travel is flight.
What types of plants, animals, or sentient races might we encounter that we don’t see on Earth?
If you’ve seen a firefly, you’ve probably seen a Glisten in its insect form. They don’t keep pets and they share the same vegetation as humans.
There are also Rabbits that are nothing like the fluffy creatures we know. It’s best not to feed them.
Author Autobiography:
Glistens is free for Kindle, iBooks and Wattpad.
Where can readers connect with you online?
Readers can connect with Chess through Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest, Instagram, her website, and her blog.

I hope you all enjoyed the trip to the Glistens’ world.  Questions about the world or the book?  Ask them in the comments and the author will get back to you!

Click here to read other posts in the Realm Explorers series.

Please join us again next Monday for a trip to the world of Drako, in Realm Explorers Part XCXVIII!
-Annie Douglass Lima


Can you reheat slow cooked lamb?

Can you reheat lamb in slow cooker?

Reheating leftovers in a slow cooker is not recommended. However, cooked food can be brought to steaming on the stove or in a microwave oven and then put into a preheated slow cooker to keep hot for serving.

Can you reheat cooked lamb?

Either way is tasty. For fridge, cover until defrosted and reheat in oven or microwave. For a quick dinner, thaw and reheat lamb in microwave until meal is piping hot.

What’s the best way to reheat roast lamb?

The Best Way to Reheat a Roast

  1. Place roast, uncovered, on wire rack set in rimmed baking sheet. Place sheet on middle rack in 250-degree oven.
  2. Roast until meat registers 120 degrees (1 to 1 1/2 hours depending on the roast). …
  3. Sear roast on all sides in oiled, hot skillet, 1 to 1½ minutes per side.

How many times can I reheat lamb?

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Can you reheat slow cooked lamb shoulder?

Reheating and storing lamb – The beauty of lamb shoulder cooked this way is that it reheats to 100 per cent freshly made perfection. After the lamb is cooked overnight, cover loosely with foil then leave to fully cool. Then refrigerate until required. To reheat, cover in foil and reheat in a 150C oven for 1 hour.

How do you reheat lamb without drying it out?

Place the lamb chop on a microwave-safe dish. Dampen a paper towel and cover the lamb chop or dish with it. Place your plate or dish near the edges of the turntable in the microwave, this will reduce the likelihood of it drying out. Microwave on high for 2 minutes.

Can a cooked leg of lamb be reheated?

Store it safely

You can safely store cooked lamb for up to three days in the fridge, or for up to two months in the freezer. Make sure it’s fully defrosted before using and, if it’s been frozen once, don’t re-freeze. Reheat until steaming hot throughout – bon appétit.

Can you eat leftover lamb cold?

Lamb leftovers are slightly trickier to use up than beef or chicken. The meat is very fatty, which makes it unctuous and flavoursome when hot, but too greasy to nibble as a cold snack or use in sandwiches and salads. … To make it more substantial, fry some cubed aubergines in the pan before you add the lamb.

Can you eat cooked lamb after 5 days?

Cooked lamb should be consumed within three to four days after cooking or frozen for up to three months. Washing meat before cooking it is not recommended. This can cause cross-contamination in which bacteria in raw meat can spread to other foods, utensils and surfaces.

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How do you reheat a roast without drying it out?

When I heat up leftover pot roast, I slice the meat and place it in a baking dish. Then I pour the leftover pan juices over the meat, adding extra beef broth if needed to cover. I cover the pan and bake at 325° only until heated through. This helps retain moisture without overcooking or drying out the meat.

How do you reheat meat in the microwave without drying it out?

Option 1: Microwave

This is a quick and easy way to heat up your leftover casserole or one-pot dish. Place the food in a microwavable dish, spreading out in an even layer if possible. Cover with a slightly damp paper towel or sprinkle with water to prevent drying. Heat as appropriate.

How do you cook a roast without drying it out?

Can you reheat cooked lamb more than once?

Once it has been cooked, how often can you reheat it? Well the Food Standards Agency recommends only reheating food once, but actually several times is fine as long as you do it properly. Though that is not likely to improve the taste.

Why is it bad to reheat food twice?

Don’t reheat leftovers more than once. … Equally, the NHS recommends that you don’t refreeze leftovers. This is because the more times you cool and reheat food, the higher the risk of food poisoning. Bacteria can multiply when cooled too slowly or reheated insufficiently.

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10 terrible albums by legendary bands

You shouldn’t expect every musician to make the same classic album every time they walk into the studio. Nobody has a perfect average, and you’re bound to want to switch things up and give your listeners something different that they wouldn’t normally expect from you. It’s always nice when it works, but the downfall of these albums is shocking given the pedigree at work here.

These aren’t just some of the worst albums by rock and roll standards… they may be some of the worst records released by mainstream artists. You’d expect that for someone who was a flash in the pan, but hearing him come out of bands we know can get a lot more stings. Even though we want to cheer on these bands most of the time, there are times on each of these records where you’ll start to wonder why you thought these bands were good in the first place, either going in a new direction that nobody wanted hearing or deepening one’s own cynicism that it is difficult for us to care.

Then again, no band can be stuck like this forever, and most of these bands were able to bounce off these, coming up with more classic records down the line and leaving them in the past. For a few brief moments though, he felt like all the magic they had created over the years had been harnessed for good.

There is clearly a clear separation in the Pink Floyd discography between their psychedelic sounds and the gods of progressive rock. Around the time Syd Barrett left the band, you can hear the band trying to come to terms with their loss in any way they can, whether it’s on long tangents or writing songs that attempt to capture the same kind of fancy that Syd might. Progressive music is about taking risks, and before we had songs like Echoes, we had to give everyone the right to be weird on Ummagumma.

While the first half of this record plays like a pretty decent live record with songs like Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun, the back half is where it all gets thrown out the window, with each band member contributing their own avant-garde rock piece. in the mix. It may have been on their minds after playing different shows with Frank Zappa, but the actual music here is the wrong kind of experimentation, as songs like Sysyphus and Several Species of Small Furry Animals sound like the band trying to make noise rather than write a real coherent song.

Even though David Gilmour’s contribution on this album is a decent look at avant-garde sounds, he also doesn’t have many warm feelings towards this record, thinking they haven’t had enough time. in the studio to actually do something decent. Losing Syd wasn’t going to be easy, and that’s essentially the value of a growing pains album spanning almost an hour and a half.


Polybius: The most dangerous Arcade Game

Urban myths are something that exists in almost every region of the planet, usually having a mysterious content or a small creepy theme that makes the story interesting. Even in the field of Gaming, such a thing could not be missing. For those who do not know, we are talking about the classic Arcade Game Polybius and the special story behind it.

Polybius: The Most Dangerous Arcade Game in the World | Portland Monthly

What is Polybius?

Polybius was originally an arcade game that appeared in the early 80’s, taking its name from Polybius (208 BC), a Greek philosopher known for his riddles and cryptographic ideas. The history of the game says that, sometime in 1981 in Portland (Oregon), the game appeared out of nowhere. This is a black box simply written with the name Polybius, which contained colorful patterns and geometric symbols. It was immediately addictive and some stories portray it as almost life threatening.

The game is said to have been a means for the US military to test the player’s technique and endurance in order to recruit him. Others say it was a CIA test as a brainwashing method because it caused epileptic seizures and aneurysms. Especially in the ’80s it was not particularly difficult to develop a conspiracy theory, especially when incidents like the three seriously ill children playing games in the Portland area within the same week reinforce the myth.

The events surrounding the legendary arcade game

Specifically, one child suffered his first migraine while playing Tempest, the second attempted to set a world record in Asteroids by collapsing after 28 hours of non-stop play, and the third suffered a heart attack while trying to break the Berserker world record.

Another interesting story is from a player who claims that while playing, he felt the side effect of brainwashing, losing consciousness and waking up the next morning 60 kilometers away from his home. In further comments he states that he remembers dim images from tunnels that lead to abduction conditions.

The legend is spreading

It is interesting how this story developed but equally interesting that it is now famous. Starting with how the story became known, it mainly happened from an introduction of the game to CoinOp.org in February 2006, a page that contains all the Arcade games of the time as a digital museum. The reference to the page was subsequently refuted and deemed untrustworthy as it is commented that it was created by the owner of the site, Kurt Koller. As a further development of the legend, especially for the American public, Polybius became the subject of documentaries, TV shows, and even an episode in The Simpsons.

The research on this game has progressed considerably, especially with Stuart Brown’s documentary that thoroughly explains the line of the game’s history and all its references. What is needed to show some truth behind the facts is the realization that a story can evolve far beyond what is true, the real facts that make it up and can be verified, as well as just the possibility that it is an exaggeration.

Degrading the legend of Polybius

Starting from a key element that can be commented today and demystifying this myth, is that technology to date is advancing in order to improve the gameplay experience and its evolution. Comparing the first creation of arcade games to old TVs, standing up and without any other activity is more than enough to cause migraines in even the healthiest operator. Continuing on this topic, regarding the child who fell after 28 hours of playing, I do not think there is any need for further comment.

What is more interesting, however, and has been reported historically, are the other two parts of the story that deal with the integration of children into the trawl and the alleged abduction experienced by one victim.

Like a CSI episode

Initially, the issue of policing in these areas, which is combined with the issue of abduction that may have been experienced by one victim, is that FBI agents were then monitoring the shops of Arcade games as there was a big problem with drug trafficking in these areas. According to The Polybius Conspiracy producer Dylan Reiff, a 7-part documentary that also explains the story behind this mysterious game, arcades were not safe at the time, as there was so much gambling in addition to drugs, that the FBI was led to install covert cameras.

This may explain the experience stated by the victim about his abduction as much can happen in a dangerous place. On the issue of recruitment, however, there have indeed been state programs in the United States historically aimed at recruiting young people, even more in-house programs under the CIA (* cough * Project MKUltra * cough *).

The plot thickens…

Another element that embellishes this particular myth is another link to Polybius and concerns Steven Roach. Steven on the CoinOp page commented that he was among the game designers and that the game was about reshaping the personality. But it turned out that this particular comment was a hoax. While the name is associated with a company in Mexico that actually aimed to study the reshaping of behavior, it is reported that the state had closed the speech of the inhumans through which it used to advance the research.

Was Polybius so harmful after all?

Finally, we must keep in mind that the rationale of the time is quite different from today. Obviously the widespread notion of Professional Gamer did not exist, nor did the more logical approach to games as then, as slightly less now, they were things that pushed you towards evil. These blimblers put you in a bad way the way my mom says. So if in a society where everything that was spread through speech, containing a suspicion of fiction and some connection with reality, it is very easy to create an urban myth and take it even larger. There is no need to even explain medically how you can get a migraine after playing for hours, unless it is in the ’80s in America in a dangerous place while the state has recruitment programs and drugs were slightly in vogue.

As interesting as it is as a story, there are several points that can distinguish it in the real facts and even in the logic of a fairy tale. It is also one of those assumptions that make you go back to the place that paradoxically make the whole thing more and more interesting. Maybe at some point in the future there will be more information about this legend that seems to be just a figment of the imagination. Or maybe not?

Kostas Nikolaou

Posts published: 74

Graduated as a Sound Technician and currently doing my Master's Degree in Sound Design for Video Games. I am playing music as long as i can remember myself and i am a huge fan of FPS and RPG games.


Diphtheria is an acute bacterial infection caused by a gram-positive bacillus, Corynebacterium diphtheria that makes toxins (poison). It can lead to difficulty breathing, heart failure, paralysis, and even death. CDC recommends vaccines for infants, children, teens, and adults to prevent diphtheria. Before the introduction of vaccines, diphtheria was a leading cause of childhood death around the world, including in the United States. Due to the success of the U.S. immunization program, diphtheria is now nearly unheard of in the United States. However, the disease continues to cause illness globally and there have been outbreaks reported in recent years. In 2018, countries reported more than 16,000 cases of diphtheria to the World Health Organization, and there are likely many more cases. Diphtheria rarely occurs in the United States and Western Europe, where children have been vaccinated against the condition for decades. However, diphtheria is still common in developing countries where vaccination rates are low. Diphtheria bacteria spread from person to person, usually through respiratory droplets, like from coughing or sneezing. People can also get sick from touching infected open sores or ulcers.

Pathogenesis of this infection is, that the secretions and discharges from the infected person or carrier are the main sources of infection. The infection is transmitted by contact or via droplets of secretion. The portal of entry is commonly the respiratory tract. The incubation period of the disease is 2-5 days. C. diphtheria proliferates and liberates powerful exotoxin which is the principal cause of systemic and local lesions. The exotoxin causes necrosis of the epithelial cells and liberates serous and fibrous material which forms a grayish-white pseudomembrane that bleeds on being dislodged. The surrounding tissue is inflamed and edematous. The organs principally affected by the exotoxin include the heart, kidney, and myocardium.

Clinical Features

The onset is generally acute with fever, malaise, and headache. The child has a toxic look. The clinical features depend on the site of involvement. The commonest form is fauces/tonsillopharyngeal diphtheria in which there is redness and swelling over the fauces. The exudates coalesce to form a grayish-white pseudomembrane, which extends to surrounding areas. The cervical lymph nodes are enlarged leading to a bull neck appearance. Sore throat, dysphagia, and muffled voice are frequently present. In nasal diphtheria, there is unilateral/bilateral serosanguinous discharge from the nose and excoriation of the upper lip. In laryngotracheal diphtheria, the membrane over the larynx leads to brassy cough, stridor, and respiratory distress. Diphtheritic lesions may occasionally also be found in skin and conjunctiva. The commonest complication is respiratory failure due to occlusion of the airways by the membrane. Myocarditis generally occurs by the second week of illness and can lead to symptoms of congestive cardiac failure, arrhythmias, and sudden death. Neurological complications include: (i) palatal palsy, which occurs in the second week and is clinically manifested by nasal twang and nasal regurgitation; (ii) ocular palsy in the third week; (iii) loss of accommodation, manifested by visual blurring and inability to read; and (iv) generalized polyneuritis occurs by 3rd to 6th weeks of illness. Renal complications include oliguria and proteinuria.

There should be a high index of suspicion. Rapid diagnosis is enabled by Albert stain of a swab from the oropharynx and larynx. Culture, however, takes eight hours to become available. Faucal diphtheria should be differentiated from acute streptococcal membranous tonsillitis (patients have high fever but are less toxic and the membrane is confined to the tonsils), viral (adenovirus) membranous tonsillitis (high fever, sore throat, membranous tonsillitis with normal leukocyte count, self-limited course of 4-8 days), herpetic tonsillitis, thrush, infectious mononucleosis, agranulocytosis, and leukemia.

Prevention and Control

The patient should be isolated until two successive cultures of the throat and nose are negative for diphtheria bacillus. All contaminated articles from discharges should be disinfected. All household and other contacts should be observed carefully for the development of active lesions, cultured for C. diphtheria, and given chemoprophylaxis with oral erythromycin for 7 days or single-dose benzathine penicillin. Previously immunized asymptomatic patients should receive a booster dose of diphtheria toxoid. Those not fully immunized should receive immunization for their age.

Published : Apr 4 2022
articles you may like


Thursday, September 29, 2022

Turkey: from polarisation to pluralism

On September 5th Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, the leader of Turkey’s main opposition party, the social-democratic Republican People’s Party (CHP), announced his willingness to run as a presidential candidate in next year’s election—should the centrist electoral alliance of which the CHP is part agree.

Besides the social democrats, that opposition ‘Nation Alliance’ includes nationalists, conservatives, Islamists and liberals. The six parties to it have pledged to overhaul the current constitution, which gives unchecked powers to the president, restoring power to the parliament and securing the autonomy of the judiciary.

The polls show that Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, president since 2014, has lost ground and that the candidate of a unified, centrist opposition stands a realistic chance of winning. Erdoğan’s economic policies have impoverished the broad masses: consumer inflation exceeds 80 per cent and the number of poor increased by 3.2 million during the last two years, reaching ten million. While in 2012 per capita income exceeded $12,000, it has since fallen by a third.
repeats of repeats of repeats:
The Islamic revolution in Iran and the rise of the AKP  created the middle class that made these changes possible. Apart from rhetoric, there's nothing radical about the protests in Iran. That's their strength.

The flipped image is interesting (the Balenciaga hoodie). It looks better this way, but that's another subject. The whole thing's staged, probably by a professional. No crowds, they're signaling at a mostly empty street. The symmetry, the $700 hoodie and leather bags. The short hair and the chador flowing down the back of the head is a nice detail. (source

Wednesday, September 28, 2022

rewriting sentences

Héloïse Godet, on Godard

I remember, while we were shooting some scenes of “Goodbye to Language” in Jean-Luc Godard’s own house, the protocol had us enter through the backdoor, which they called the “entrance of the artists.”...

When we heard Godard enter his house through the main door, with a big wrought-iron key, we joined him in his small living room....

“Feel free to check out any of my books, as long as you put them back where they belong.”

To be honest, his natural authority could be rather challenging at times. The set was silent and focused. Dedicated. But his steel attitude would occasionally melt into a warm smile. He came up with funny jokes or proved extremely thoughtful towards us. When that happened, I remember feeling relieved, and finding him absolutely endearing....

He really had his ways that I never experienced elsewhere! For example, here’s how he directed actors: He gave Kamel and me an abstract art painting as a representation of our characters.... But he made sure to ask: “Do you have any questions?” And he added: “No, you won’t have any.”...

Godard was composing his painting and the bodies of actors were like one color among others in an experimental narrative.

When he directed me physically, he explained each gesture clearly, like a choreographer, and scenes were launched by this signal: “I say go, you count to three, and you go. So… Go.”

As he was so playful, I now wonder if he counted until three before his own final “Go.” Rest in Peace, Jean-Luc Godard.

I remember an image of Danielle Huillet, sitting on the floor during rehearsals, elbows in her lap, hands together, fingers together pointed up, then clapping to begin a scene. It was a gesture of authority, casual from repetition. Film is not a democratic medium. It's less democratic than theater—there's less room for it—and the asceticism of Straub-Huillet is monastic. Philosophy is authoritarian by definition. If radicalism can mean democratic, Catholic radicalism is an oxymoron.

Reading and listening to discussions of Godard. It's going to be a while till history separates the brilliance from the idiocy. And I still love the idiocy.

Fredric Jameson, at Sidecar, the first and last paragraphs—the nostalgia for his own past, the long hangover.

After decades in which inscrutable titles signed Godard popped up as regularly as clockwork in the film festivals, while the image of their maker deteriorated from rebel into dirty old man, if not technologically obsessed sage, it is stunning, leafing through the filmographies, to remember how much these films counted as events for us as we waited for each new and unexpected one in the 1960s, how intensely we scrutinized the political engagements of the Dziga Vertov group, with what genuinely engaged curiosity we asked ourselves what the end of the political period would bring, and later on what we were to do with the final works of the ‘humanist’ period, where they came from, and whether they meant a falling off or a genuine renewal....

He lived, ate, breathed, slept movies. Was he the greatest movie-maker of all time? A party game question. What he was, if anything, was Cinema itself, cinema rediscovered at its moment of disappearing. If cinema really is dying, then he died with it; or better still, it died with him.

"I have always confused cinema with life." The schoolboy believes the world ends when he does. It doesn't.  And movies aren't dead.

The jump cuts in Godard, like the awkwardness in Picasso and Schoenberg's move to serialism: the need to indulge and undermine the root impulse towards melodrama: from id to superego, from childishness to condemnation—or distance, mannered in James and Eliot, or not, in Cezanne. The move to abstraction beginning in fear, the insecurity of boys. It's not true for everyone, Turner, Degas, Mallarmé.

There's an attitude in Godard, despite the assertions of wanting to converse, that says, Don't argue or cross me about such things. And this book does not alter the notion of his brilliant immaturity. The most fascinating point of all applies more broadly than to Godard; it reaches out to anyone who believes that film is more important than the world. Maybe film is not the great new language of engagement with the world that Bazin hoped it would be. Perhaps it is, instead, a vehicle more suited to dreaming, sensationalism and not wanting to grow up. Perhaps language--the construct of words--was always subtler, deeper and more humane.

"Expressionism is the emotion escaping the denial of emotion; it’s  the melodrama behind positivism, from Vienna to Weimar. In the atomic age, of technocratic order and annihilation, it’s the relation of Strangelove to von Neumann."

Tuesday, September 27, 2022

Dawn, "Leading Iran cleric calls on authorities to ‘listen to people’"
The leaders must listen to the demands of the people, resolve their problems and show sensitivity to their rights,” said Grand Ayatollah Hossein Nouri Hamedani in a statement posted on his website Sunday.

The powerful 97-year-old cleric has long been aligned with the country’s ultra-conservative establishment and strongly backed supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei on several occasions — notably during the 2009 protests against the reelection of former president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

“Any insult to the sanctities and any attack on the rights of the people and public property are condemned,” Hamedani added.

At least 41 people have been killed since the protests began on September 16, mostly protesters but including security forces, according to an official toll.

Crowds significant & countrywide, but even if we’re still unclear on exact numbers, little doubt myriad both within Iran & diaspora in deep sympathy w/ humane & democratic impulse of movement but reluctant 2 join becoz have no illusions about extreme violence #Iran state capable.

Movement is repudiation of #Iran’s state as patriarch inter pares & assumed right 2 control women’s bodies on basis of Islamic jurisprudence & regulate social order; repudiation of gender politics & social cleavages Islamists capitalised upon 2 entrench their regime in 1st place.

We can think of this revolution in qualitative terms, an eruption to the surface of profound transformation of norms, values & ideals of huge swathe of #Iran society. Missed entirely if all one does is look at crowd sizes or fact regime hasn’t fallen & been replaced by new elite.

While I’m doubtful this regime is going anywhere in short to medium term, its days are numbered like never before. What the outcome will be, I have little idea, but the status quo has proven itself not only untenable, but intolerable for millions of #Iran’ians and we must listen.

"Masih" Alinejad.
"How are more people not talking about the fact that she changed her name to 'messiah?"
Compare the New Yorker, 2013
"How The Trump Administration Is Exploiting Iran’s Burgeoning Feminist Movement"

The protests have served a different purpose in the United States. As headlines across the world have heralded #TheGirlsofRevolutionStreet as Iran’s #MeToo movement, the Trump Administration has deployed the cause as part of its campaign to isolate the Islamic Republic and promote regime change in Tehran. From the moment that the U.S. pulled out of the Iran nuclear deal, Mike Pompeo, the Secretary of State, has put Iranian women at the center of the Administration’s new strategy. In a major policy speech at the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank in Washington, Pompeo said that Iranian women’s protests were evidence of a growing divide between Iranians and their government. “The brutal men of the regime seem to be particularly terrified by Iranian women who are demanding their rights,” he said. “As human beings with inherent dignity and inalienable rights, the women of Iran deserve the same freedoms that the men of Iran possess.”

Pompeo has since become the most outspoken Secretary of State in U.S. history on the subject of Iranian women’s struggle for equality. On his Twitter account, Pompeo released an eerie graphic of a miniature Movahed, in front of a glowing Iranian flag, that noted the number of women jailed for protesting the hijab. Another tweet featured a line graph showing a surge in protests superimposed over the image of a woman with her fist in the air. “Hmm… Can this be explained?” he asked. The graph gave no source for the data, and the y-axis was unlabelled. When reporters pressed Heather Nauert, a State Department spokesperson, to share the origin of the information, she referred vaguely to “U.S. government sources.”

Monday, September 26, 2022

repeats, without comment this time.

Sunday, September 25, 2022

If this keeps up, we're going to die.

"I don’t understand this discourse. Should Putin use nuclear weapon, we’ll be dead."

Western capitals are making contingency plans should Vladimir Putin take steps towards acting on his threats of nuclear attacks against Ukraine and are sending private warnings to the Kremlin about possible consequences, according to western officials.

The Russian president’s nuclear warnings are “a matter that we have to take deadly seriously,” White House national security adviser Jake Sullivan told CBS on Sunday.

“We have communicated directly, privately at very high levels to the Kremlin that any use of nuclear weapons will be met with catastrophic consequences for Russia, that the United States and our allies will respond decisively, and we have been clear and specific about what that will entail,” he said.

This is probably the most delicate phase of this decades-long game of chicken”

Putin's losing, and if he uses tactical nukes it means he’s lost. Al Qaeda was never weaker than the day after the attack. This is all so obvious to anyone who thinks. There's no Hitler comparison. Putin's committing suicide; we shouldn't join him.

Alinejad supports sanctions and yesterday was protesting outside the UN backed by people waving the flag of the monarchy. And marchers in Iran are calling for a return to what the revolution promised.

obvious repeats: The US, Israel and the Gulf monarchies don't want a democratic Iran; they want a weak Iran. Which is why As'ad AbuKhalil spent days downplaying the protests.
Not only were the contents of the sermon and the method of its delivery wholly in tune with Britain’s historical efforts to buttress the Ottoman Caliphate and then its stillborn attempts to recreate one in Mecca, but it also resonated strongly with the White House’s plans for Saudi Arabia’s Ibn Saud to become ‘the great gookety gook of the Muslim world’ and a counterweight to Gamal Abdel Nasser.

There are more Jews in Iran than in any other country in the ME outside Israel, and I'd rather be a Jew in Iran than a Palestinian in Gaza. Iran is more democratic than any of Israel's regional allies, and I'd rather have a chastened regime than its overthrow. That's how politics works.

Saturday, September 24, 2022

I remembered this

A controversial law allowing Danish authorities to confiscate valuable items from refugees is unlikely to be applied to Ukrainians who seek protection in the Nordic country.

So fucking stupid. The best way to undermine Putin's war effort is open the borders and broadcast the news. This is the reverse.
And the article is wrong. Almut Rochowanski:
Immigration officers DON'T decide at the border whether a claim for asylum has merit. Anyone who asks for asylum at the border must be admitted. Their case is then reviewed in detail, with lawyers etc. Frustrating the media keep getting this wrong.

I also find it annoying and worrying that EU officials act like they can, whenever they wish, for political expediency, decide who gets asylum, for which reasons. This is not in their power. The right to asylum is binding international, EU and national law, with clear criteria.
Lithuanian FM

I wanted to say "at least it's not just racism" but Russians aren't really European. Right?

Friday, September 23, 2022

There are bigger things going on, but I started this,...

Both the TikTok videos are below. repeat: Elizabeth Hardwick from 1971

Johanna Olson-Kennedy, Medical Director, The Center for Transyouth Health and Development, Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, on double mastectomies for 13 year olds:
"If you want breasts at a later point in life you can go and get them." The video is a repeat

Boston Children's Hospital refers to (gender-affirming) double mastectomies as "chest reconstruction" and sets the age limit at 15. The search terms  "body dysphoria" turned up nothing, so an insecure girl who wants implants is out of luck. A boy who wants tits can get them, and the age is the same: 15. There are no "medically necessary" nose jobs, but feminizing a jaw line is covered, but again, only for boys.
Watch these two videos. They're heartbreaking

Arguing about this is like arguing with Zionists. I could use other examples. People are weak and they make commitments.

This is the woman who posted the video that Matt Walsh shared. "Radfem. Proud lesbian."  I could quibble; for all I know she's a Zionist. She may be American—I don't know that either—but I know she knows that in the UK attraction based on biology, homosexuality, is defined as "transphobic." She links to Colin Wright, who writes for Quillette, and who equates "gender ideology" and CRT, and to Alison Bailey for whom CRT is a given.
But the fact that this is on Fox is interesting.
The protests are astonishing in their scope and also the bravery of protestors. Many are women who have removed their scarves to protest the mandatory veiling law

Many veiled women have also joined in, disgusted by the use of Islam and religion as a weapon to punish other women:

One of the most common chants has been:

Zan, Zendegy, Azadi
Woman, Life, Freedom

Pointing to the central place of women in the cause and the demonstrations themselves:

In another iconic slogan, protestors chant: "Down with the oppressor, whether it is a Shah or a Rahbar"

Here they condemn both the pre-1979 Pahlavi royal dictatorship as well as the post-1979 Islamic Republic, refusing the binary of Iranian politics

As in many past waves of protests in Iran, university students are at the center of the uprising

Major protests are breaking out in campuses across the country, despite the presence of repressive forces and potentially severe consequences for students

Across the country, Basiji and anti-riot forces have attacked and arrested protestors, beating people indiscriminately in the streets.

In many places, protestors have responded in turn, attacking and overpowering agents of repression:

After beginning in cities of Iranian Kurdistan, the region Mahsa Amini was from, the protests have spread to Tehran and even smaller regional cities like Rasht:

A heartening sign is the solidarity from many segments of Iranian society, religious and non-religious

Thursday, September 22, 2022

The politics of fantasy is reactionary. I've been saying that since I was a teenager.

Determinism wins.

Hobbits and the Hard Right

ROME — Giorgia Meloni, the hard-right leader who is likely to be the next prime minister of Italy, used to dress up as a hobbit.

The politics of cosplay

The writing of cosplay is speculative fiction, like John Rawls and Isaac Asimov. The writing of "literary fiction", detective fiction and romance novels, is formal and descriptive. Jane Austen described the experience of 19th century women of a specific nationality, class, and race.  Romance novels serve a function as a fantasy that readers build on. The "art" the "thick description" is after-the-fact, in the minds of the readers. Fantasy is thin by definition.

If I believed in the primacy of ideas, I'd have a hard time figuring who did more damage to the western and then global intellectual tradition in the post war era: Tolkien, Rawls, or the inventors of Dungeons and Dragons. But in the end of course they'd all follow von Neumann.

Someone on twitter made an "alignment chart" for members of her Marx reading group and I realized I'd never looked up the origins. No surprises.

When met him he read Robert Graves and worshipped the White Goddess. He never stopped being a fantasist. He's one of the reasons I went from having no interest in Dungeons and Dragons to actively hating it.

I say Rawls is Tolkien; Raymond Geuss says Rawls is Rand.

Conceptualism is the intellectualism of preadolescence: imagination before experience, before the influence of sex, and the knowledge of death. The philosophy of D&D is post-war rationalism seen through the eyes of the readers of L. Frank Baum. It's T.S. Eliot without despair and Borges without Nihilism. It's the pathology of cute, and the optimism of the designers of World of Warcraft.

My anger again is not directed at economics or at science in general, but at those who put the cart before the horse, who try to predict and therefore control the future without understanding their relation to the past. Great literature as great art looks backwards; it's retrospective. The mythologies that modern writers of fantasy enjoy so much and try to emulate—and which in doing so they misunderstand entirely—are not products of intention. Their stock characters are not illustrations of ideas but as James Merrill would say are like stones worn smooth by time, the stories like a reduction on a flame.

If you can't tell the difference between the 19th century and the 15th, or how one cannot be used to represent the other—if you can't tell cloying sentimentality from moral seriousness—I don't know what to tell you.

 2002. My first mention of Tolkien. I was repeating myself then

I have no particular interest in Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, or Harry Potter, while the author, Chris Mooney, admits to being a fan of all of them, films included. But they're all predicated on a misconception of the value of mythology and of fiction itself: that of the escape 'from' daily life and 'into' Meaning. Fantasy is made up, and the point of mythology is that it's handed down. A myth tells the story of the people who made it. The Bible is the story of its own creation and of laws, and fiction writing as an art is the description of the world and time that made it. As most novelists will tell you, the value of literature is in description, not plot. You don't create depth, you describe it. I read an essay once by a critic who was a fan of Tolkien. [It was Guy Davenport]  He talked about another well known critic who distained him. I forget the names. "He made it all up" the friend said. To my shock the writer added, "I don't know what he meant".  Fantasy writers conflate the value of the story with the plot and by trying to 'create' meaning, end with illustration.

That was kind of fun. There's a lot more. I repeat myself, too much.

Wednesday, September 21, 2022

“This is probably the most delicate phase of this decades-long game of chicken,” said a senior European diplomat.

Shawn Walker, morning

Is Putin mad enough to go nuclear as things keep going wrong? V much hope not. But curious that some of same people who said “obviously this war was going to happen, you just had to listen to Putin’s own words” now say “don’t listen to his nuclear threats, it’s clearly nonsense”.

The other nuclear states need to say very firmly that as soon as Russia even thinks of carrying out nuclear strikes …there will be swift retaliatory nuclear strikes to destroy the nuclear launch sites in Russia,” Zelenskiy advisor told me in Kyiv today

Max Seddon today

As he addressed the nation on Wednesday morning to announce a “partial mobilisation” of 300,000 reservists, President Vladimir Putin framed Russia’s war in Ukraine in stark, existential terms. The nation was defending itself against a west that wanted to “weaken, divide and destroy Russia” and it was prepared to use nuclear weapons in response.

 Masx Seddon on March 20 (repeat)

Henry Foy, "West shrugs off Putin’s nuclear ‘bluff’"
Russian president Vladimir Putin’s moves to significantly escalate the war in Ukraine with a thinly veiled reference to his willingness to use nuclear weapons came with a theatrical flourish.
“When the territorial integrity of our country is threatened, to protect Russia and our people, we will certainly use all the means at our disposal,” he said. “It’s not a bluff.”

Yet that is exactly what western officials made of the bombast.

Putin’s announcements on Wednesday to threaten a nuclear strike, mobilise hundreds of thousands of reservists and rapidly annex parts of Ukraine were a desperate attempt to test the strength of western support for Kyiv, said officials and analysts.

But the nervousness of western capitals about the possible use of weapons of mass destruction by the world’s second-biggest nuclear power, as well as the threats of a drawn-out war and a prolonged period of higher energy and food prices, is outweighed by their resolve to call Putin’s bluff, they added.

“This is probably the most delicate phase of this decades-long game of chicken,” said a senior European diplomat....

Because as always, Americans don't know shit. And as luck would have it, this does double-duty today

An email "Editor's Note" from the Guardian.
Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old Iranian woman, was travelling with her family from Iran’s western province of Kurdistan to the capital, Tehran, to visit relatives when she fell foul of Iran’s notorious morality police. Stopped for failing to meet the required standards for wearing the mandatory hijab, her arrest allegedly turned violent with reports of her being beaten in police custody. Days later, she died in a Tehran hospital.

Her death has sparked a wave of fury on the streets of Iran and across social media that the authorities are now struggling to contain. Three people have been killed in street protests, with the Iranian regime continuing to hold the official line that Amini died of pre-existing medical conditions instead of at the hands of the police who detained her.

Her death is the consequence of an increasingly repressive crackdown on women’s rights across the country, after Iran’s hardline president Ebrahim Raisi launched a new hijab decree mandating stricter enforcement of Iran’s laws on women’s dress in public spaces.

For the past month, the Rights and Freedom team has been reporting on the fallout from Raisi’s crackdown, on the spate of arrests, detentions and public humiliation of women who dared to defy the required dress code. The government has also announced it was planning to use facial recognition technology to identify women flouting dress laws on public transport....

2004, under Khatami.

2008, under Ahmadinejad.

repeats (because it's been a while)

Tuesday, September 20, 2022

Aaron M. Danzig, at Arnall Golden Gregory:  "A Tainted Practice? Department of Justice Filter Teams Under Review"

When Michael Avenatti won a mistrial in his wire fraud trial in the Central District of California in August 2021, it was one of the tamer headlines about the infamous suspended lawyer. However, the lack of fanfare belies the significance of the legal issue that led U.S. District Judge James Selna to declare the mistrial. Judge Selna found that the government’s “taint team” had failed to hand over evidence in its possession after a seizure of data from Avenatti’s law offices. Although no willful misconduct was found, the failure to turn the reviewed evidence over materially hindered Avenatti’s ability to defend himself against the government’s charges. This case is one of a number of recent actions to consider the proper use of taint teams, representing a pushback on the government’s handling of privileged materials in investigations.

Boies Schiller Flexner: "In the Eye of the Beholder: The DOJ's Overreliance on 'Taint Teams' to Review Privileged Communications"

The “total institutional failure” of the Department of Justice’s handling of privileged material in the ongoing prosecution of former Goldman Sachs banker Roger Ng highlights the serious issues with the use of “filter” or “taint” teams, Sabina Mariella and Matthew L. Schwartz at Boies Schiller Flexner argue.—

The DOJ uses taint teams to review potentially privileged material and determine what may be shared with the team investigating or prosecuting a case, and what must be withheld as privileged. But the practice, which essentially makes prosecutors the sole arbiter of whether communications are privileged, poses serious risks for both the DOJ and private parties. In the last year alone, the use of filter teams has resulted in at least one mistrial in a high-profile prosecution and substantially impaired the defence in another.

The second link from Taibbi, a moralist and not too bright, but that's not the point. David Boies obviously isn't a moralist.
The angriest legal aid lawyer on twitter (so angry he blocked me) said he'd clerked for Dearie. He positively gushes
And then there are the defense attorneys in national security cases.
Taibbi is happy to be feted by a columnist for WaPo who thinks he Greenwald are heirs to C. Wright Mills. And that Mills would be at home now at the Claremont Institute

Today, that passage could easily appear in a populist-right publication such as the Claremont Institute’s the American Mind, which denounces the liberal “regime.” If uttered on Fox News or Newsmax, it might be condemned as an example of conspiracism or misinformation that sows discord and undermines confidence in institutions.

And Cooper flags Edward Snowden.

It hasn’t been a month since President Biden mounted the steps of Philadelphia’s Independence Hall, declaring it his duty to ensure each of us understands the central faction of his political opposition are extremists that “threaten the very foundations of our Republic.” Flanked by the uniformed icons of his military and standing atop a Leni Riefenstahl stage, the leader clenched his fists to illustrate seizing the future from the forces of “fear, division, and darkness.” The words falling from the teleprompter ran rich with the language of violence, a “dagger at the throat” emerging from the “shadow of lies.”

It's all childish. Taibbi and Snowden: the earnest moralism of libertarian Holden Caulfield, and Snowden's still in Moscow. Willick is something else—"Before coming to The Post in 2022, he was an editorial writer and assistant editorial features editor for the Wall Street Journal,..."—with the dead smile of a teenage Aspie.

Sunday, September 18, 2022

Rather than mount any challenge under the original public meaning of the First Amendment, the Platforms instead focus their attention on Supreme Court doctrine.
It is also true, of course, that evenhanded procedure does not demand unquestioning trust in the determinations of the Department of Justice. Based on the nature of this action, the principles of equity require the Court to consider the specific context at issue, and that consideration is inherently impacted by the position formerly held by Plaintiff.
The first statement is from the Fifth Circuit decision, the second is from Cannon's decision appointing a special master. The first is being mocked because it's not for a lower court to set precedent but to follow it as set by SCOTUS—the second not only because it goes against the presumption of good faith between branches of government, but because it contradicts the basic principle of equality of citizens under law: Cannon says outright that ex-presidents, or at least this one, deserve deference the rest of us do not.  These and other decisions continue the line of Bush vs Gore and I'm sure some of the justices now would follow along.

["presumptions of good faith between branches of government." Another norm. Even Taibbi, attacking the DOJ does so on the basis that filtering seized material is the responsibility of the judicial branch, following the principle of non-delegation. The DOJ is a constitutional oddity. National Security Letters are another issue. more here

Power decides what law is, but norms apply within a system. Lawyers are offended by these decisions as a matter of their respect for form. I sent a note to one of them—respected by peers, etc.—reminding him of his response to specific facts concerning another matter, outside the common frame of reference, and he responded dismissively, reporting the exchange to others in a way that grossly misrepresented my point, and ignoring statements of fact as much as Cannon did when she refused to accept the statements of DOJ lawyers who reminded her that Trump's lawyers had never denied that files were classified or stated in court that he'd declassified them.  Dan Sperber calls this "myside bias". I say "no fucking shit". See also Leiter on "implicit bias". He denies it. He really is confused.

The closed system of debate among members of one group is becoming a debate between members of two groups or more. I'm relieved to see defenders of norms. It's the defense of the mainstream against fascism. But it's not a defense of truth.  More importantly I'M NOT INTERESTED IN THE DEFENSE OF TRUTH!  "The politics of truth is always a fantasy of uncorrupted power." It's my line and I'm sticking to it.

The Ghost of Panofsky
Walter Friedlaender, one of Panofsky's teachers and a lifelong friend, related how to Erwin Panofsky's cradle in Hannover there hurried two fairies, Wealth and Intelligence. The third, Good Looks, didn't make it. In her stead came a fairy who said, "Whichever book you open, you will find precisely the passage you need."

 Saul Kripke died on Friday and I opened a book.

A common view of the 'private language argument' in Philosophical Investigations assumes that it begins with section 243, and that it continues in the sections immediately following. This view takes the argument to deal primarily with a problem about 'sensation language'. Further discussion of the argument in this tradition, both in support and in criticism, emphasizes such questions as whether the argument invokes a form of the verification principle, whether the form in question is justified, whether it is applied correctly to sensation language, whether the argument rests on an exaggerated scepticism about memory, and so on. Some crucial passages in the discussion following §243—for example, such celebrated sections as §258 and §265—have been notoriously obscure to commentators, and it has been thought that theIr proper interpretation would provide the key to the 'private language argument'.

In my view, the real 'private language argument' is to be found in the sections preceding §243. Indeed, in §202 the conclusion is already stated explicitly: "Hence it is not possible to obey a rule 'privately': otherwise thinking one was obeying a rule would be the same thing as obeying it."
Kripke omits the first sentence.
202. And hence also 'obeying a rule' is a practice. And to think one is obeying a rule is not to obey a rule.

[as an aside that reminds me of Henry Farrell, and Gellner, which is amusing.

Al-Ghazali, as quoted by Ernest Gellner, puts Mannheim’s point more pithily – "the genuine traditionalist does not know that he is one; he who proclaims himself to be one, no longer is one."

(Gellner: The quote is from Plough, Sword and Book The Structure of Human History, but his first book was Words and Things, an attack on Wittgenstein and linguistic philosophy, with a foreword by Russell!).

Tradition: what's a Shakespearean actor in the 21st century, or a soldier fighting for a democracy? And of course, what's a lawyer? But that's where I started this one]

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:

We’ll begin with a brief outline of the argument of Kripke’s sceptic. Suppose that I’ve never dealt with numbers larger than 57.[3] (Given our finite nature and the infinitude of the natural number series, there will always in fact be such a number.) I’m asked to perform the computation ‘68 + 57 68 + 57’, and I arrive at the answer ‘125’, which I take to be right. However, a “bizarre skeptic” (Kripke 1982: 8) questions my certainty. She suggests that...

Kripke, Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language, 1982, p. 8

Now suppose I encounter a bizarre sceptic. This sceptic questions my certainty about my answer, in what I just called the 'metalinguistic' sense. Perhaps, he suggests,...

And earlier

Wittgenstein's celebrated argument against 'private language' has been discussed so often that the utility of yet another exposition is certainly open to question. Most of the exposition which follows occurred to the present writer some time ago, in the academic year 1962-3. At that time this approach to Wittgenstein's views struck the present writer with the force of a revelation: what had previously seemed to me to be a somewhat loose argument for a fundamentally implausible conclusion based on dubious and controversial premises now appeared to me to be a powerful argument, even if the conclusions seemed even more radical and, in a sense, more implausible, than before. I thought at that time that I...

"The present writer", "I",  "he", and "she": Kripke referring to himself switched from the formal third person to the first; the writer for Stanford, in 202-?, switched out the male pronoun from 1982 for the female. These choices have meanings, and any writer or reader—qua writer and reader—is interested in the first, as any historian will be interested in the second.

"Lawyers don't read that stuff. Lawyers are tradespeople!"  The speaker was a lawyer, and a woman, talking about legal philosophy.

repeats: Quine

Meaning, let us remember, is not to be identified with naming. Frege's example of 'Evening Star' and 'Morning Star' and Russell's of 'Scott' and 'the author of Waverly', illustrate that terms can name the same thing but differ in meaning. The distinction between meaning and naming is no less important at the level of abstract terms. The terms '9' and 'the number of the planets' name one and the same abstract entity but presumably must be regarded as unlike in meaning; for astronomical observation was needed, and not mere reflection on meanings, to determine the sameness of the entity in question.
...A felt need for meant entities may derive from an earlier failure to appreciate that meaning and reference are distinct. Once the theory of meaning is sharply separated from the theory of reference, it is a short step to recognizing as the business of the theory of meaning simply the synonymy of linguistic forms and the analyticity of statements; meanings themselves, as obscure intermediary entities, may well be abandoned.

 'Evening Star' and 'Morning Star', 'Palestine' and 'Israel'.

I read somewhere that Sraffa lost interest in Wittgenstein, and Wittgenstein kept bugging him.

And this is his great explicator on matters of jurisprudence, Philip Bobbitt, with Max Boot, Garry Kasparov and Bret Stevens.

Gellner. Plough, Sword and Book. A longer passage including the quote

Doctrines which ratify culture and enjoin respect for it were common in the nineteenth century. The fortifying, confirming major premiss no longer claims a transcendent object: it is a theory concerning the role, the function, of culture within the world. Durkheim's own doctrine was one example: religion was to be respected not because it was true (in the straightforward sense assumed by the old theologians), but because it was "true" (i.e. essential and functional within the social order). Durkheim let it be understood that "truth" was just as good as truth, in fact the same thing, really. This general attitude might be called auto-functionalism. It is influential in a very wide variety of forms, in historicist, biological, literary, kulturgeschichtlich and other idioms. The auto-functionalist stands outside all cultures to affirm the major premiss: cultures are functional. The minor premiss is stated from inside: I am my culture. Conclusion: my commitments are valid (in a sense left deliberately ambiguous).

These self-vindications of culture are generally spurious. The medieval Muslim thinker Al Ghazzali observed that the genuine traditionalist does not know that he is one; he who proclaims himself to be one, no longer is one. Cultural prose ceases to be innocent when Monsieur Jourdain proclaims it to be prose. When culture was genuinely authoritative, men either took it for granted or, later, vindicated it by means of a theology which they held to be true in a literal sense, and which they genuinely respected. The dogmas and imperatives which constituted those doctrines were taken very seriously; they placed enormous burdens and strains on believers.

It's more stupid than I realized. It's simple anti-intellectualism, Gellner, Farrell, et al.: the pretense of being outside the frame, beyond the world that made you. I added it to the older post.

Friday, September 16, 2022

Powlesland is a Barrister
"Hate speech" and authoritarian moralism.
always repeats: my short list of liberal academic opponents of free speech.

Thursday, September 15, 2022

a repeat The first video I ever cut outside the camera. My general rule since the mid 80s was to shoot something using  internal edits, and then a few weeks later something else, with no connection, until the tape was filled. Cutting with a tech on an early AVID system was basically just removing things. The shooting ratio was about 2/1.

Ripped from an old DVD. I lost the original file but I still have the footage and I may uprez and recut it to match.
The quality was never good but this is terrible.

Kagarlitsky, Yudin, Ishchenko all say more or less the same thing.

1) radicals – a sizeable but extremely loud minority that actively supports war, is engaged, follows the news and in rare cases even goes to the frontlines (15-25%). This is the audience of the milbloggers, Telegram channels and vampires like Solovyov or Skabeeva 2/25

2) dissenters – a sizeable minority that categorically opposes the war. It is banned from Russian-based media and generally depressed (20-25%) 3/25

3) laymen – a passive majority that is completely depoliticized and doesn’t want to have anything in common with politics & war (50-65%) 4/25

Laymen are the bulk of yeah-sayers when asked “Do you support the President’s decision to conduct the special military operation or are you a national traitor to be put in prison for 15 years?” 5/25

The laymen are the those carelessly enjoying their lives while people are dying in Ukraine. It is obviously deplorable but the upside of it is that these people are completely unwilling to participate in war actively in any way [dead]  6/25

Laymen try to shield themselves from any news about war as hard as they can and know very little about the defeat in Kharkiv (many of them wouldn’t even tell where Kharkiv is located). The mainstream radio and TV news are protecting them from this information 7/25

Importantly, as TV started promoting hard war propaganda, the viewership went down. Precisely because laymen want their soap operas, nutritionists, and standup, rather than boring news from the frontlines

Conversely, the radicals are seriously affected by Ukrainian counter-offensive. They exploded in finger-pointing and blaming military leadership, each other, and even Putin for this defeat. For the first time, there is a heated discussion between them 9/25

There is a variety of tones in this discussion – from relatively optimistic “we should unite around Putin and take revenge” to completely fatalist “the war is lost, no matter what”. But: all of them demand total mobilization of Russian society and more aggressive war 10/25

They are united by the belief that Russia would have easily conquered Ukraine, but for some reason (treason, incompetence, generosity) it wages the war with one hand tied 11/25

However, this discussion is significant. For the first time people start realizing that Putin is not invincible. Hard to overestimate how important this myth is for Russia. Belief that Putin will prevail no matter what paralyzes all independent action 12/25

The radicals are getting angry at the laymen for continuing with their normal life as troops are dying for the survival of the country under NATO’s assault. The laymen are angry at the radicals for trying to politicize their lives, e.g. introduce war propaganda to schools 13/25

I have seen people taking Boris Nadezhdin’s statements on Russian TV as a sign of a crack in the dominant narrative.
This is not the case 14/25

Nadezhdin is an old liberal from the 90s, a comrade of Boris Nemtsov. Nemtsov decided to mount a real opposition to Putin (with a dismal outcome). Nadezhdin opted for playing along Putin’s rules of fake opposition and joined one of his puppet parties 15/25

The benefit of this strategy is that you are regularly invited to these shitshows as a strawman to be humiliated. This is how you gain national recognition, (helps on the election day!) 16/25

However, Nadezhdin himself was obviously against this war from day one, and he is clearly against Putin, too – this is just something you cannot say openly on Russian TV. There was no change at all in his attitudes because of the recent setbacks 17/25

The brave statements of local MPs calling to impeach Putin are no sign of change either. They belong to dissenters and protested against the war as much as they could. This call is a farewell gesture – last week their term ended, many of them were not even allowed to run 18/25

Still, current situation puts Putin in a precarious position. He is dependent BOTH on the passivity of the laymen and the engagement of the radicals. That’s why he sells two contradictory narratives – one about an existential war and another about things running as usual 19/25

Now, the radicals’ demand for total mobilization is totally unacceptable for the laymen. However, the defeats on the frontlines make Putin’s reluctance to put the country on wartime footing unacceptable for the radicals 20/25

Putin’s strategy has been targeted mobilization – recruiting people among the radicals while leaving the laymen to their own devices. There is some room for him to continue with that strategy, but military defeats will make it increasingly strained 21/25

Putin is unlikely to yield to demands to declare mobilization now. It requires political mobilization first. Now is a bad moment. Even volunteers go to Ukraine to join a winning army and earn some $, not to face a strong opponent. The draftees will be even less enthusiastic 22/25

To sum up, balancing between depoliticizing society in general and mobilizing the radical part of it simultaneously will be increasingly difficult for Putin as the major defeat is looming 23/25

Can Putin sell a defeat as a victory? No. Radicals will not hesitate calling it a defeat, and laymen will not forgive him the distortion of their everyday life 24/25

Putin will not survive the military defeat in a war where he staked the whole country 25/25

Wednesday, September 14, 2022

repeat from 2004. I rediscovered it looking for something else.

Here's a remarkable passage from Godard the young theorist, writing in 1956, trying to pin down the virtues of and the affinity between cinematography and montage:
If direction is a look, montage is a heartbeat. To foresee is the characteristic of both: but what one seeks to foresee in space, the other seeks in time. Suppose you notice a young girl in the street who attracts you. You hesitate to follow her. A quarter of a second. How to convey this hesitation? Mise-en-scène will answer the question 'How shall I approach her?' But in order to render explicit the other question 'Am I going to love her?' you are forced to bestow importance on the quarter of a second during which the two questions are born. It may be, therefore, that it will be for the montage rather than the mise-en-scène to express both exactly and clearly the life of an idea or its sudden emergence in the course of the story.
How odd that this furious analysis misses the clarity, the exact hesitation, with which words have evoked the moment. It reminds me of a scene in My Life to Live where the philosopher Brice Parain tells a story from Dumas's Twenty Years After: how Porthos puts a bomb in a cellar, and as he walks away with head down, notices the movement of his own legs. How does that happen? he wonders. The mystery transfixes him, and he is killed in his own explosion. "In sum, the first time he thought, it killed him."

There's a lost writer in Godard, to be sure, and it's never clearer than in those lovely and poignant places where he actually writes on film--the hand, the curling of the letters, the line of sense. Could it be the ultimate lesson in Godard's career that plunging into the dark was a misreading of his map?
Probably the best brief description of the intellectual and esthetic limitations of cinema, and of the life and works of its greatest fan, that I have ever read. David Thomson in The Nation

I may want to, but I haven't changed my mind.

William Klein, Mr Freedom. It won't be up very long.
The ICP extended the dates of his retrospective—tomorrow is the last day—but it should be at MoMA.

"Mr Freedom" John Abbey, is in one scene playing a character I've never forgotten.

Tuesday, September 13, 2022

When I wrote this I gave it the tag video art/gallery film. I did that and wrote the below before seeing more than a few minutes. "The fabrication of a reversion to childhood", but only the imagery: the sensory overload of new experience. It would work and maybe work best as an installation, with the audience being able to stand or sit, or lie down. It's a a hybrid, like Hou Hsiao-hsien's Assassin, and for the same reasons.

"I have always confused cinema with life" And that was his weakness his art, and his politics. He was a rich kid who became a Maoist, then a confused middle-aged man, and then an old fool, all without really growing up.  Richard Brody says Godard "turned the cinema into the central art form of his time." It's the central art form of the 20th century.

I think I said somewhere that the New Wave were the first filmmakers to see themselves as students of film, as readers if it before they were craftsmen. All bookish schoolboys. They were"filmmakers for the age of television". But also important to know what education means in France.

"ARTISTES: Tous farceurs". Goodbye to language. The fabrication of a reversion to childhood; the articulate description that only an old man could pull off.

"Pour Jean-Luc" The second film is a repeat.

Monday, September 12, 2022

Still working on this

I first heard of Edward Tufte when I began seeing this image in an ad for The Visual Display of Quantitative Information in the NYRB, decades ago.
It's a beautiful graphic, but it's still a graphic. It does its job extremely well, so well that it becomes interesting in itself, but not that interesting. Later as he became famous, Tufte moved into art, or what he thinks is art, opening a sculpture park, and in 2010 a gallery in NY. The gallery's been closed for years. It was always obvious he didn't get the point, but that was interesting too.

Design is function and form. Tufte could have gone into industrial design but he wanted something else. He doesn't understand that art is more than design: it's idiosyncrasy and idiosyncratic specificity. And now I have to back up.

Art is not utilitarian. It's always the continuation of a tradition. In periods of crisis, when the traditions seem no longer to make sense, they're never thrown away: they're transformed. Clicking the link, and clicking again you''ll read this
If a character in a novel lights a cigarette, the cigarette is part of a work of art. In a play the cigarette is a prop. In the older definition of art objects the craft supplied a formal logic internal to the piece. The iconography supplied a formal logic external to it. For relics as opposed to artworks the logic was external only: absent its place in a narrative a thighbone is a thighbone, a cigarette is just a cigarette, a madeleine... etc.

That's from a discussion of Duchamp. He made pieces of design into art by placing them within a narrative. Picasso as a craftsman, a maker of things, found another way to continue a tradition, but at his best he didn't know what the fuck he was doing. He kept his best painting rolled up under his bed for years, because he didn't know what to think of it.

But I've gotten ahead of myself. Of course design, qua design, can be more.
A link to the manuscript. [p 74]

Eric Hobsbawm:

Why brilliant fashion designers, a notoriously non-analytic breed, sometimes succeed in anticipating the shape of things to come better than professional predictors, is one of the most obscure questions in history; and for the historian of culture, one of the most central.

Yves Saint Laurent was three when he pointed out to his aunt that her shoes and dress didn’t match. His statement can be designated an objective truth in the terms of the system in which he had already, and precociously, educated himself. At the age of three he was acknowledged as a Judge. But systems are always changing and are always in the process of becoming. Representational systems ossify into formal systems that outlast their role as representation: forms are still used even as they become brittle. And as I described in Manet and Picasso, and Duchamp and Warhol, this is the crisis that defines modern art, which is no more or less than the art of a culture in crisis. Sometimes forms are taken up in new ways, as in Duchamp’s literary objects. Eisenstein’s favorite author was Dickens. With film the 19th century tradition moved onto a different track, but in art school we studied Vertov by which definition Eisenstein was simply a maker of popular film.

And all of that brings me to this. A short film produced by Tufte about a design teacher. The talking heads are former students, all of them in commercial design and advertising. It's a wonderful primer on design but it's also an art history lesson on the origins of Pop art. Most people don't know that the designer of the pattern on the Brillo boxes Warhol copied was a "fine artist" an abstract expressionist, with a day job. And one of my old teachers, Abe Ajay, gave Warhol his first job in NY. arch modernist, a friend of Ad Reinhardt who worked with him at The New Masses, [Abe] used to complain that Beethoven ruined his music with images. "All those wonderful notes and then... Birds!!" [p.65]

Abe was a snob, and conflicted beyond reason.

Design, as design, is a craft. Craft so specific that it draws an audience back to it again and again, is art. Much of post-war "modern art" is the art of students of design who turned to making something no longer utilitarian, something without function. They used what they knew to make something more.

But again, because I've said this so many times, the fact remains that filmmakers have a better, richer, understanding of pictorial art than those who now called themselves "artists". And this is a little film about design. A bad film by Scorsese is still a better example of "art".


Which Career Path Fits You Right?

September 15,2020
With the ever-changing world and thousands of career options, it is easy to get lost while choosing one. You want a career that pays good money; one that you are passionate about, which may have the potential to evolve into something much greater overtime. It is a lot to take in, we know. That is why we are here to help you figure it out! We understand that there may be many questions running through your head regarding which career path to take, so let’s condense it all down to only five questions. This way you won’t be clustered with second-thoughts, and instead everything will start to fall into place:
  1. What are you passionate about?
  2. What kind of lifestyle suits your personality?
  3. What does wealth mean to you?
  5. Does your chosen career have room to grow?
What are you passionate about? We know it sounds cliché but what you are passionate about is what will make you happy in a chosen career. Someone whose interests lie in arts and music may pursue a different career path but not be truly happy with it, despite being successful and wealthy. For people who are happy in their professional and everyday life, money starts to lose its value. This is why not all millionaires are satisfied with life. List down the things that you like doing and work onwards with that. What kind of lifestyle suits your personality? Although this may not sound right while choosing a career path but trust us it does matter. A lot. Now that you have your list of passions in hand, ask yourself what kind of personality describes you. Are you an extrovert or an introvert? Do you like living a fast paced life or a life where you want to stop and reflect on small happiness? In your free time, do you like giving back to the community or hanging out with friends and family? Introverted people thrive better in research and data analyst roles. Whereas for extroverts, busy sales offices, customer service centers or public speaking may sound better. Likewise, people who like doing social work can stay happy in a job that does just that even if it pays less. All these factors can weigh up or down any career that you choose. What does wealth mean to you? Again, this might sound cliché but ask yourself what having wealth means to you. What do you think makes a person rich? The answer varies from person to person; some believe that having millions in the bank implies wealth, while for others, wealth simply means living their best life with no limitations. Whatever belief you hold, you need to evaluate your list of passions and determine a career path that would ultimately lead you to your version of wealthy. Can you afford to be what you want to be? This is a question that most of us ask ourselves every day. Can you afford to be an entrepreneur? Can you afford to study in the best university to become an architect? Before any of that happens though, you need to choose a career that you are passionate about and one that is easily accessible to you. In Pakistan, not every student gets to have the luxury of studying in well-known institutes, but that does not mean you cannot study what you want. There are many career paths that don’t require an academic degree, like being a fantastic fashion designer or an amazing public speaker, or even a successful customer service representative. If passion is what drives you towards success, then we believe making a career out of it is not only possible but also has the potential to make your livelihood more successful and happy. Does your chosen career have room to grow? Right, so you have compared your list of passions to all the factors above. Now, you are left with choosing a career path that would suit your personality and is surely going to make you wealthy and successful. Let’s talk about career growth! Although this might seem like a far-fetched contemplation that may not need your attention right now, but believe us, it does. You don’t want to study and train hard to become a financial analyst only to discover 10 years down the road that your chosen career has now become obsolete. Realistically, you wouldn’t want to run into a burning building, would you? The Occupational Outlook Handbook says there are 1.25 million software developing jobs. This figure is estimated to increase by 24% in the next 10 years (Much faster than average). So, before you come to a final decision, make sure to Google the list of jobs that will no longer be in human hands in the coming times or jobs that can be automated. It is recommended to choose a career that requires critical thinking and absolute human involvement to cover the tasks. Conclusion Well, here we arrive at the end of your list. Now you might have only a few options left but those few choices are vital in helping you sustain a career path that you both enjoy and become successful in. Deciding on what you want your future to be can be overwhelming, which is why this list focuses more on your wants and needs rather than focusing on what the world has to offer. Allow us to help out again and tell you about ibex Pakistan; maybe the right career path you’re looking for might just be there! Visit our career page to learn more about the many job opportunities that await you.

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There are many benefits to hiring PMO consulting services. In addition to maximizing productivity, they can reduce the margin of error and ensure project success. PMO consultants work to create standard methodologies to help streamline processes and increase efficiency. Having a professional oversee the work of project managers is a great way to ensure a positive outcome for any company. Here are some of the most important benefits of hiring a PMO consultant:

As PMOs become more common, consultancy firms have responded by offering specialized services. pmo consulting firms can improve the management of projects, programs, and portfolios. Ultimately, they can ensure more transparency, accelerate decision-making, and ensure the accountability of the delivery areas. PMO consulting services from companies like PwC help businesses identify synergies and improve their project management practices. It’s important to choose the right consultant for your business, and there are many to choose from.

With new technologies, mindsets, and tools, project management is an evolving profession. A PMO can take on a wider range of responsibilities and support projects over the business, including developing a Go to market strategy. With the introduction of remote working, new technologies, and increased project complexity, organizations face numerous challenges that require effective project management. A PMO can help organizations determine what projects are the most valuable to their business and how to maximize them. Its benefits extend far beyond the project team and help managers understand how their employees are performing daily.

A PMO can provide a comprehensive range of services, from basic project management support to full-service PMOs. The roles of a PMO vary greatly but can range from managing one or more projects in a coordinated manner to managing a portfolio at an enterprise level. Regardless of your needs’ scope, Zl Consulting’s experienced team can provide the right consulting services to meet your goals. And because they have experience in PMO consulting, you can be confident that your projects will be completed on time and within budget.

PMO Consulting is a smart investment for any organization looking to improve its strategy execution ratio. These consultants can provide guidance and help your organization transform its process and drive tangible business results.

A PMO can develop a roadmap that sets forth clear objectives and goals. It uses the KISS model to make decisions, requires collaboration across departments, and provides a roadmap for the project. Using a roadmap allows your PMO to be more flexible and can evolve as the needs of the organization change. A roadmap is also crucial to preventing complaints about the value of a PMO during a management restructuring. In PMO consulting, a roadmap is a flexible path that helps the organization execute its plan and prioritize activities.

A PMO helps you avoid silos, which hamper business growth and hinder productivity. Silos can lead to demotivated teams and disengagement from project KPIs. Moreover, a PMO should ensure that teams use consistent project management methodologies and tools. Although some tools can help teams work more efficiently, they can also be expensive and impact security and compliance concerns. So, when hiring PMO consulting, be sure to ask your consultant for recommendations.

A PMO consultant should perform a gap analysis to understand how your current process works. This gap analysis will show the gaps between the current and desired statuses. From this, a prioritized list of actions should be created. Ensure the quick wins that will help you achieve your goals. And remember that a PMO consultant will work with you from start to finish. So, what are you waiting for? Get started today.

By getting PMO consulting, you will establish a project management office. You will help your organization establish best practices, discipline, communication protocols, and reporting protocols. Ultimately, a PMO consultant will ensure the success of your project. This position requires a highly analytical mindset, strong communication skills, and a systematic approach. This is not for everyone, but it is the best option for a career in project management.

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