Led Zep

‘Led Zep – A musical tribute to Led Zeppelin’ has taken on the challenging but rewarding task of recreating these songs as close to the originals as possible during their live performances. They use the same gear the mighty Zeppelin used and pay close attention to detail. One of the best things about ‘Led Zep’ is that even though they do play the popular songs, they also play deep cuts from the bands lengthy catalog and people really enjoy hearing the tunes that weren’t played over and over for decades on the radio. These guys really care about the fans and they show it every time they take the stage!

Sample Video


Posted in In the Know

Why Is Everyone So Surprised?

Posted in Community, Relationships

What Would Piaget Say?

Have you recently thought about someone from your past that you’ve been out of contact with for a while?  Is there someone you keep meaning to contact just to let them know you’re thinking about them?  Are you embarking on something that you want to share with everyone you’ve ever known in the world, either to celebrate or to ask for support?

 This week I received an e-mail from a friend I haven’t heard from in a while.  It was a short e-mail just letting me know she’s still around and a short blurb about her latest escapades.  When I saw her name in my mailbox I immediately got a smile on my face. I didn’t know what the e-mail was about but I felt a presence as I opened the e-mail ready for whatever she needed or open to whatever she would share.

 Piaget talks about our capacity to demonstrate “object constancy”.  Object constancy is the idea that even when someone or something is not in front of us, we know they still exist and are part of our consciousness.  In my mind it counters the “out of sight, out of mind” philosophy.  It shows us that once someone touches our life we are never the same.  We hold a quality, a memory or a lesson we learned from that person at all times.  We can reflect simply by summoning the memory and re-engaging with the imprint left on our soul.

 Don’t think that just because you haven’t heard from someone that they don’t think about you.  If you want to share something with those in your life don’t worry about how long it has been since your last contact…you’re still very much present in their life.  This is why honoring our connections and our relationships is key to our survival and our success, especially when facing an life-altering illness.

I know when my father has received bad news from someone in his circle because he calls me and leaves me an “I love you” message.  I know my father loves me but this message tells me that he’s come in contact with news that has rattled him to his core and he’s reaching out to share the experience.  Don’t forget it’s great to also share good news to maintain balance in the world.

Posted in Self-Nurture

Floodlight or Laser?

It’s obvious that I have to address the issue of energy since I’ve had three conversations in the past three days about this very topic.  I’m not talking about energy we use to heat our homes or fuel our vehicles, but the internal energy we tap into every day to make a difference in the world.

 We live in a culture that is fix-it oriented.  Many are looking for the next book, the next lecture, television program or guru who will save us from ourselves.  Is it really possible to be saved from yourself?  Finding the solution becomes the holy grail and many will begin their journey and end their journey in the same way, questioning and unfulfilled.  It’s difficult to get to the oil if you don’t dig deep enough in the earth, the same is true for finding the oil deep in your core…you have to dig deep.

Listening to my clients I believe they have the best of intentions as they practice yoga, hire personal trainers, take Reiki lessons, engage in artistic endeavors and yet they aren’t experiencing the peace that calls them.  What if we limited the number of “practices” we engaged in so that the effort and energy we exerted became more powerful to dig down into the core of our being.  I know that with so many options it may be difficult to pick, but the practice you choose should be something you’ll do and won’t compromise for any other activity.

The other important part of this laser approach is having a good teacher.  Time often dictates our actions so many on this journey are following along on a DVD and imitating the person on the television.  The problem with that is the isolation that comes with this type of practice.  Having a teacher who will guide you, share their philosophy and open portals to your own deeper meaning can only come from practicing in person with others.  That’s part of the sacrifice we have to make to reach the depths of our soul.

How will you begin or deepen your practice?  What does having a practice mean to you?  What are you willing to sacrifice to reach the depths of your soul?  Who will be your teacher?  The teacher is living proof that it’s possible to come out the other side stronger, more aware and more alive!

Posted in Uncategorized

The topic of re-entry seems appropriate since the space shuttle is grappling with the damage to the underbelly of the space shuttle and discussion will determine if it’s safe to re-enter without repairing.  Re-entry is always a difficult proposition because it means you’ve been somewhere others in your circle most probably have not experienced.  For those with a life-altering illness it’s the return to aspects of life we consider day-to-day occurrences.  Think about the first day back following surgery, or a medical leave of absence, what was it like for you?

As I mentioned last week I returned from a one week course as I work toward my degree.  One of the e-mails I received from a classmate who just completed all her coursework was “How has re-entry been for you?”  I hadn’t thought about it in those terms until she posed the question, but now that Pandora’s box has been opened, I must admit re-entry has been difficult.

The biggest difficulty in re-entry has been trying to explain to others about my experience, but the only way to really “get it” would be to have experienced it.  The process has made me clearer that any time you get to do “process work” I say go for it because going deep within is revealing, enlightening, sometimes painful and always a path to healing.

Where have you had to re-enter and how did you manage?  Do you have any tips to share about how to make reintegration easier?

Posted in In the Know, Personal Conviction

We are a society that constantly makes us choose one side or the other.  Think about it, there are Democrats and Republicans, liberals and conservatives, black and white, and for those with life-altering health concerns there is usually a choice between allopathic medicine and alternative therapies.

It’s amazing that at a time in our evolution when we could really benefit from combining resources we’re still boxed into checking only one box.  I know doctors that disapprove of alternative modalities which is unforutnate because the flip side of that is the individual who refuses the benefits of modern medicine.  Yes we make choices and the hope is that it will serve us.  When Suzanne Somers was diagnosed with breast cancer she chose not to utilize western medicine.  Many decide on alternative treatments one the options that are already approved have worn out their welcome.

How can we become more holisitic in our thinking without hurting anyone’s feelings or having anyone be mad?  Is it possible for those facing health challenges to be comfortable speaking to their providers about complimentary therapies and having everyone learn from the experience.

I’m currently researching the “art and healing” options in our community.  It is a way for the individual to look what’s often hard to reach just by thinking.  It’s not embraced universally in the medical community so maybe we’re looking at finding our secret club house to experiment with art and then we can slowly incorporate the conversation into our visits with our medical providers.

It’s important to understand that splitting is not beneficial for healing, curing or any type of recovery.  We are at our best when we are whole and can have access to all our experiences and are open to all possibilities.  It’s about creating a life that is open to alternatives and keeps us willing to incorporate new things along the journey.

Posted in In the Know

Standing Still

They say if you’re lost in the woods to stay put and you’ll be found.  The urge or tendency is to begin trying to find your way and that’s often what drives one further down the lost path.  Why is it that we have such a difficult time standing still?  Do we believe there is some judgment made upon us if we just stay put?  Does it signify a surrender?

The most obvious answer to this dilemma is that those who are coming to find you know where they are.  They have definitive points that show where they are beginning and others who will monitor their process.  They are equipped to be on the move to find you so why elude them?  Why make their job more difficult?  As I speak with people across the country I hear over and over again that movement means progress.  It would if you weren’t lost, but being lost means you waste a lot of energy and often don’t make any progress.

Over the past couple of years when I’ve heard stories about lost hikers, or those who have been stranded by weather they believe there is no one out there looking for them and unfortunately that’s often not true.  Time after time when the person is found they aren’t very far from where they became lost, but they became disoriented.  Disorientation is not a grounding force in our lives.   It leaves us questioning every move we make and in the long run often leaves us without hope and in a serious condition.

Ask yourself when was the last time you were lost emotionally, physically or spiritually and then recall if you stood still or wandered aimlessly.  If you’re currently in a place where you feel lost do you have the faith that others will come find you?  How will they know you need direction?  Standing still is a difficult practice, but for many it can be life saving.

Posted in Community

I Feel Like We’re All Connected

More and more I am convinced that we are more alike than we are different.  We all have the same hopes and dreams, to live a good life and be able to share it with others.  How we define that life and the actions we take to achieve it may be different, but there is still a universality that exists.

 I was listening to a story on NPR today about an event being held in Iraq today, it’s a celebration day.  They discussed how people when they are in the midst of others who are like them feel less vulnerable.  They feel part of something larger than themselves and it’s that synergy that leads us to what’s possible.

Do I believe we are all connected because I really believe it or because I need to believe it?  I’ve served in many communities over the past twnety plus years and no matter who I am blessed to serve, I have found that the recovery community, the AIDS community, the cancer community, the domestic violence community, etc. are all looking toward a day of peace both internal and external.

It would be wonderful if everyone felt connected, it might reduce the suicide rate, Alzheimer’s, autism, schizophrenia and a host of other issues where creating alternative realities comes into play.  I hope as pilgrims we never lose sight of the need for connection and the power we hold by extending our hands.


American Resort Development Association in Mexico,

AMDETUR, the equivalent of the American Resort Development Association in Mexico, holds a significant annual convention, along with a variety of other activities. Resort Trades caught up with Carlos Trujillo, the organization’s executive director, recently asking him to weigh in on the most pressing events in the industry in his country:

Resort Trades: What are the top issues facing resort developers in Mexico in 2020?

Carlos Trujillo: Tourism in general in Mexico is going through learning or adapting process, due to the arrival of the new government. One of the biggest hurdles is the lack of promotion of the country. This is due to the closing of the Mexico Tourism Council, which in the past was in charge of promoting the MEXICO brand along with other destination brands.

Resort Trades: What do you see as AMDETUR’s mandate in terms of serving your members?

Carlos Trujillo: AMDETUR, as any other trade industry association, needs to service members in all the different aspects that the industry is looking for such as advocacy, training, benchmarking, etc.

Resort Trades: How would you describe the relationship between your organization and other associations such as the American Resort Development Association (ARDA) and the Cooperative Association of Resort Exchangers (C.A.R.E.)?

Carlos Trujillo: I think that in recent years, all the trade industry associations have discovered that working together is more beneficial than working alone. AMATEUR has excellent relations with ARDA, CVOA, and CARE, we also participate at GATE meetings and with the associations in Latin America such as Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia.

Resort Trades: What would you say are the opportunities for companies and individuals on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border to grow their businesses together?

Carlos Trujillo: We need to keep delivering what we offered or promised, be aware of members’ needs and requirements, listen to them, and also providing quality accommodations and quality service.

Resort Trades: At the Mazatlán AMDETUR convention, we learned that 256,535 intervals or memberships in Mexican resorts were in existence. Is this number still accurate?

Carlos Trujillo: Yes it is accurate, being 75% being from foreign markets and 25% domestic.

Resort Trades: What are the projections for growth or your thoughts on future prospects in 2020?

Carlos Trujillo: We have been growing around 6-7% percent each year and this trend continues to be the same. Maybe the challenge will be for the next few years, due to what we mentioned earlier about not having someone who promotes the MEXICO brand.

This year, the Mexican Resort Development Association (AMDETUR) held its 33rd Annual Convention & Expo in Mazatlán, Sinaloa. J. Michael Martinez attended and provided the following report:

Tourism Leadership

One of the main panels was “Tourism Leadership-Challenges and Opportunities” which was moderated by Juan Ignacio Rodriguez Linero, Chairman of the Board of Directors of AMDETUR and included speakers Pablo González Carbonell, CEO of Royal Holiday; Pablo Azcarraga Andrade, Chairman of Grupo Posadas; Ernesto Coppel Kelly, Chairman of the Board and CEO of Grupo Pueblo Bonito, and Carlos Berdigue Sacristian, President and Managing Director of El Cid Resorts. Panelists spoke about the evolution and transformation of the Vacation Ownership Industry.

They spoke about the challenges the industry in Mexico is facing with the recent arrival of sargassum and its negative impact on the tourism industry. They explained that sargassum is a large brown seaweed and is a type of alga with berry-like structures that are gas-filled bladders.

The panel continued to explain that the Mexican government is working with scientists and the Mexican Navy to explore ways that the sargassum can be captured before it ever arrives to the coastlines of Mexico. They also discussed the opportunities associated with the arrival of sargassum and how it can be recycled and used in a variety of positive ways. One interesting example mentioned was about a man named Omar Vasquez who invented a way to use the seaweed after it biodegrades as a primary ingredient in a traditional adobe, or mud brick, that the resulting material was durable and weather resistant. He later uses it to make bricks that are used to build homes for low-income housing.

During an extensive question-and-answer session with Miguel Torruco Marques, federal minister of tourism, more details were provided about sargasso. Mr. Marques discussed the origin of the sargasso, the effects on the beaches of the Mexican Caribbean, and what the government is doing to resolve this issue. He explained the Mexican government has instructed the Mexican Navy to conduct sea studies with the help of environmental scientists. He continued by stating that they have sent several navy ships out to sea in an attempt to capture the sargasso in nets before it ever arrives onshore. In addition, public funds have made available to place barriers off the beaches along the coastline to prevent the sargasso from reaching the beach shores. He explained the remainder of any sargasso that does reach the beaches would be removed manually.

Facts at a Glance

During the conference, Carlos Trujillo, executive president of AMDETUR provided a vacation ownership industry updates for Mexico.

Mexico ranks seventh in the number of incoming international tourists. (WTO)

41,447,000 international tourists.

Brought in foreign currency of $22.51 billion dollars.

Mexico moved up eight spots in the World Economic Forum (WEF) ranking on travel and tourism competitiveness, from 30th in 2015 to 22nd in 2017.

Tourism is one of the main drivers of Mexican economic activity.

Tourism accounts for 8.8% of GDP

  • 630 timeshare resorts
  • 256,535 intervals or memberships sold
  • 22.5% domestic
  • 77.5% foreigners

Future Projections

The Trades sat down with AMDETUR Executive President Carlos Trujillo to ask him some questions and to provide us an industry update for Mexico. Mr. Trujillo started out by stating that Mexico received over 41 million international tourists in 2018 which was an eight percent increase over 2017. He continued by saying that 2019 year-to-date has not seen quite the same growth rate as compared to past years. Still, based on the current numbers, they are forecasting a 3-to-5 percent growth for the year.

Trujillo observed that the Mexican federal, state and local governments are working closely to ensure safety and security for all its visitors to Mexico. He also stated the Mexican government have also provided federal troops to provide additional security. He continued by explaining that the government has invested millions of dollars in state-of-the-art surveillance cameras that provide video surveillance to a centralized command post. He also emphasized that this has to do with security in general, although there has not been a safety situation regarding foreign tourists in Mexico.

He commented further on the sargassum arriving in Mexico beaches and its effects on tourism by adding that the west coast of Mexico in places such as Cabo San Lucas, La Paz, Mazatlan, Puerto Vallarta, Ixtapa, Alcapulco, Nayarit, has not been affected. We concluded our interview with Mr. Trujillo by asking him for AMDETUR forecast and future outlook of travel and tourism in Mexico. He stated the private sector has started several initiatives to promote travel and tourism to Mexico and they have a positive outlook for 2019. However, he stated there is some concern over the Mexican government’s elimination of the Mexico Tourism Promotion Counsel, which provided public funds to promote travel to Mexico, and this could affect travel and tourism to Mexico in future years.

Mexico is still going strong and ranks in the top ten countries in the world for tourist visitors each year. As discussed throughout the AMDETUR conference, Mexico is faced with several challenges, but also have many opportunities to continue to grow and remain a top tourist destination in the world.

J. Michael Martinez ( is president of JMM Sales & Consulting, Ltd., a marketing and sales support company, and represents numerous timeshare ownership companies. Sharon Scott Wilson, RRP, is publisher of Resort Trades, Resort Trades Weekly, and the website,


(Mis)Information overload: Don’t Google search your symptoms

By in Features

With the rise of the internet, it is incredibly easy for those with computer access to go online and search for any information that might be relevant to them. This access is both a blessing and a curse.

We live in a time where people feel criticized for not knowing what steps to take to make lifestyle changes to improve their lives. This criticism often boils down to, “it is not a lack of resources, it’s your lack of resourcefulness that stops you,” a phrase from Tony Robbins. But what if you were told that a lack of resourcefulness is not the problem?

The perils of Google searches

The very first thing many people do when they are concerned about their health is to go to “Dr. Google.” Searching online for solutions to health concerns can produce neverending results that are overwhelming.

Resources, strategies and advice for any given health concern often present sources that contradict each other and information that is not based on science. A lot of the information and product advertisements aren’t likely going to help you change anything but your bank account balance.

Most health information searches commonly show websites such as WebMD, which may appear more reputable than other sources, despite disclaimers stating they do not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

So if you are not getting medical advice, what are you reading? You are getting “health information” — which is not personalized to individual circumstances. However, if health websites call this “information” rather than “advice,” it protects them from any liability issues.

Let’s say that for the last two weeks you feel like you cannot catch your breath — like everytime you take a breath in, it gets lost somewhere on the way to your lungs. So you go online and do a quick search to see if there is anything you can do that might help.

You find some WebMD articles — perfect, there should be some solid advice there, right? They do work closely with doctors and health experts to keep content up to date and accurate to help you live a healthy life. But again, they don’t claim any liability over how their advice affects you.

Some of the search results tell you that you may be experiencing anything from allergies to heart failure to panic attacks to obesity — all of which have completely different courses of treatment. Should you practice meditation, start an exercise regime or immediately go to the emergency room?

One of the health articles you land on says you are probably experiencing some allergies —  it fits pretty well so you go with the recommended treatment. Maybe you can make things better by changing air filters, staying indoors during peak pollen times and washing your bed linens once a week.

This change brings you some comfort for a week, you feel more relaxed, but then you find yourself feeling the same symptoms again. Maybe your breathing difficulty is part of a bigger, more complex issue.

The Band-Aid you put on your bullet wound came off and you are exactly where you began — sitting on Google trying to figure out why you don’t feel well again. Maybe it’s because the one symptom you identified is not the only one and you do not even realize it.

Health needs a holistic approach

To provide health advice based on one symptom, one internet search or one component of a person’s wellbeing may not even be addressing the underlying issue.

Health is a state of being with a multitude of interconnected factors that all influence one another. Rather than a single factor, illness or condition a person may be experiencing, a true picture of a person’s health focuses on the person as a whole.

The complexity of an individual’s health increases the elaborate nature of publishing medical information online. Regardless of how this information is labelled as advice or not, users are likely to see the information as advice, and use it to address any concerns.

Although health may be complex, using a search engine is not. It can take less than two minutes and you can search from the comfort of your home rather than waiting hours in a walk-in clinic to see a general practitioner.

You type in what you are looking for information on and you get thousands — if not millions — of results. However, when searching for information online, you cannot type enough words in the search box to get the whole picture.

Everything you read online in regards to your health is not necessarily applicable to you. Informational posts and programs for health or behaviour changes are not personalized, and in many cases, not effective for a lot of individuals.

Blogging doesn’t make you a health expert

With anyone from educated professionals to influencers and bloggers sharing information online — and your social media acquaintances spreading it — you are being overwhelmed with health information. And how do you know where this information is coming from or what it is based on?

Although these posts may be well-intentioned, the unfortunate reality is that there are dangers of following impersonalized advice. Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest and Facebook are common networks for health, fitness and diet information, but these posts often lack information to help you determine if it is safe or appropriate for your personal use.

Some influencers have millions of followers on social media, allowing them to share information with people across the world. Rather than legitimate credentials, these influencers carry followers as their badge of legitimacy, which can lead to a false sense of trust.

The ability to share health‑ related information across large platforms has the potential to positively affect many people, but the information shared can easily be taken out of context, misrepresented, misinterpreted and omit pre-screening protocols that may indicate increased risks for some people.

Numerous posts of testimonials from clients, before and after photos, lists of health benefits and positive personal experiences encourage readers to follow the same behavioural changes in hopes of positive results. In spite of testimonials describing an individual’s positive experiences with any given lifestyle change, the effects are not necessarily the same for everyone.

Some social media platforms commonly used for sharing this type of information also run the risk of portraying a highlight reel rather than real life. It’s not like you are going to have influencers promoting a product or behaviour associated with negative reviews or subpar results.

Lifestyle changes are not meant to be polarizing. They are not meant to create change overnight and they are not meant to be overwhelming and exhausting. But if you do not have the right background to discern between evidence-based practices and trendy health fads, this is exactly what these changes can become — overwhelming and exhausting.

Just consult a health professional

While you do not need a medical degree to share accurate health information, it is more common for those without certifications to share inaccurate recommendations, and can be difficult for those without proper education to determine whether or not the information is accurate.

Credentials often give you an associated title but a title doesn’t give you credentials. Consider health and wellness coaches, counsellors and psychiatrists for example.

While health coaches and counsellors may have varying levels of health education, their titles are not protected, meaning anyone can claim that title without formal education. There are still counsellors and health coaches out there that are consulting with clients in optimal ways, but it means that there is a higher likelihood of running into some not-so-reputable self-proclaimed professionals.

Psychiatrists, however, are highly regulated. To be a practicing psychiatrist in Canada, you must have a medical degree, specialist certification in psychiatry and a license to practice in your province. This means that seeing a psychiatrist guarantees a high level of health education and training.

If you dig deeper into your breathing difficulties during a visit to your general practitioner and they recommend you see a mental health professional because they believe you have anxiety, who would you want to see? Would you want to see a health coach that may or may not have training, or a psychiatrist that you know has required training?

If it is the case that you are experiencing anxiety, you are not the only one on campus — and you wouldn’t be the only one not using professional consultation for anxiety management. According to the 2019 National College Health Assessment, 70 per cent of University of Saskatchewan students reported feeling overwhelming anxiety at any time within the last 12 months. Yet only 26 per cent were treated or diagnosed by a professional for anxiety.

What about the other 44 per cent reporting feelings of overwhelming anxiety without professional treatment? Are online resources and self-proclaimed professionals helping them cope, or leaving it to lay dormant?

With certifications and degrees not being a be-all, end-all of getting legitimate consultations and accurate information, these certifications do provide more regulation and specific science-based guidelines for clinicians to follow.

Without knowing which titles are protected and which people have proper and legitimate training rather than a weekend course, this can be difficult to navigate.

There is a great deal of science-based information available at our fingertips, if you know where to find it. This information can be used effectively as a guideline for helping to make lifestyle changes, but it cannot be your only source of information.

Consult your physician, certified personal trainers, registered dietitians — consult anyone with legitimate experience and knowledge on health and health behaviours. Without consulting with professionals, you are putting yourself at risk to do more harm than good.

With the extensive free resources available on campus and within Saskatoon, it’s guaranteed that you can find something better than generalized results.

When in doubt, throw Google out — or at least throw out the blog posts and untrained professionals and take a look through journal articles. Better yet, go speak to someone who is trained in healthcare who can help you understand what is going on.

Shawna Langer/ Graphics Editor

Graphic: Shawna Langer/ Graphics Editor

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Quote of The Day

inspiration, maya angelou, quote, quote of the day

“Try to be a rainbow in someone’s cloud.”
Maya Angelou

Maya was a very wise woman, and when I heard this quote, I knew she was right on the money. Though this quote is simplistic, it packs a profound message.

Personally, my thought process is not to say something unless it is kind, or helpful. Maya is saying try to make someone’s day a little brighter or more beautiful if you can. I find this inspiring and try to incorporate it into my life every chance I get.

Will you try to add a little color to this black and white world?


A French custom officer works in a booth at the transit zone at the port of Ouistreham, Normandy, Thursday, Sept.12, 2019. France has trained 600 new customs officers and built extra parking lots arounds its ports to hold vehicles that will have to go through extra checks if there is no agreement ahead of Britain's exit from the EU, currently scheduled on Oct. 31. (AP Photo/David Vincent)

Johnson denies lying to queen; court rejects Brexit case

September 12, 2019 - 7:18 am

In better news for the embattled British leader, a Belfast court rejected claims that his Brexit strategy will harm Northern Ireland's peace process.

Johnson, who took office in July vowing to get Brexit done on the scheduled Oct. 31 date "do or die," and even if there is not a divorce deal to smooth the way. But many lawmakers, campaigners, economists and businesses fear a no-deal Brexit would be economically devastating.

Lawmakers forced the government to publish its official assessment of the impact of leaving the EU on Oct. 31 without a divorce agreement. The document described potential food and medicine shortages, gridlock at ports and riots in the streets.

The six-page classified document, dated Aug. 2, said the number of trucks crossing the main freight route between Calais and Dover would drop by between 40% and 60% within a day of a no-deal Brexit, with disruptions possibly lasting up to three months. The supply of certain types of fresh foods and essential medicines would decrease, prices would go up and poor people would be hit hardest, it said.

The government refused to comply with another part of Parliament's demand — that it hand over emails and texts among officials and aides discussing the government's decision to suspend Parliament for more than a month before the Brexit deadline. Michael Gove, the minister in charge of Brexit planning, said the request was inappropriate and disproportionate.

Opposition lawmakers and rebel Conservatives have dealt the government's Brexit plans a series of blows. They passed a law that orders the government to seek a three-month delay to Brexit if no agreement has been reached by late October, rejected Johnson's call for a snap general election and ordered the release of the Yellowhammer document.

Then on Tuesday, Johnson suspended Parliament for five weeks until Oct. 14, sparking outrage among legislators and several legal challenges.

The U.K. Supreme Court is set to consider next week whether the shutdown should be reversed, after conflicting rulings in lower courts.

In Northern Ireland, three linked cases had argued that a no-deal Brexit would undermine agreements between the British and Irish governments that were struck during the peace process.

A no-deal Brexit could lead to the return of a hard border between the U.K.'s Northern Ireland and EU member Ireland. An open border is crucial to the regional economy and underpins the peace process that ended decades of sectarian violence in Northern Ireland.

Judge Bernard McCloskey said the argument belonged in the world of politics, not law.

If the claimants appeal the ruling, the case could join two other legal challenges to Johnson's Brexit plans due to be heard at the U.K. Supreme Court next week.

Lorne Cook in Brussels contributed to this story.

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Hell J Nucl Med. 2017 Sep-Dec;20 Suppl:146-154.

Mobile phone use for 5 minutes can cause significant memory impairment in humans.

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Alzheimer Hellas, Petrou Sindica13, 54643, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Concerns about the possible adverse health effects of mobile phones (MP) have increased along with the expansion of their use. A number of research papers have tried to address this issue. Although many investigations concluded that MP use does have negative consequences, in terms of cognitive function of the human brain, the results so far have been divisive. A number of studies reported impairment of cognitive function after exposure to mobile phone electromagnetic field (MP EMF), while others observed no effect or improved performance. The variance in the results may be attributed to methodological issues. The present article focuses on possible effects of MP use on cognitive function and more specifically on working memory processes. An emphasis is placed in the lack of a validated tool, a cognitive task, that can produce MP EMF effects on human cognition in a repeatable fashion.

Sixty four (64) healthy participants as well as 20 with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) were the experimental group, while 36 healthy individuals were the control group. A computerized list of 10 words was presented and the participants were asked to reproduce it. The words were presented very briefly in order to increase the difficulty and hence the sensitivity of the task. Three measurements were taken for the experimental group: a) before using the MP, b) immediately after using the MP for a duration of 5 minutes, c) 5 minutes after the second measurement with no usage of the MP in between. Three measurements of the memory task were also taken for the control group in the same time intervals with no usage of a MP. The effect of age and gender in the performance of the task was taken into account.

Healthy participants of the experimental group performed worst in the memory task after using the MP. While the third measurement (5 minutes after the 2nd measurement) was better than the second (after using the MP), but worse than the first (before using the MP). In contrast for the control group the second measurement was better than the first and the third even better than both previous ones. All differences were statistically significant. The reduction of the performance in the task after using the MP was even higher for the age group of 60-80 years old in comparison with younger age groups, as well as for the individuals with MCI in comparison to healthy participants. Age was significantly negative correlated with performance in the task, while gender showed no significant correlation.

MP use has a significant negative impact on working memory performance of human participants. The effect is apparent even for a 5 minute use of the MP. Working memory deficits are greater not only for the 60 years old and above participants but also for individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment. These results are in agreement with previous studies on animals as well as humans on the effects of MP use on the brain. It is argued that low sensitivity of some of the cognitive tasks used until now and the lack of a validated tool in the form of a cognitive task may account for some of the variability in the literature so far. It is suggested that the experimental paradigm that was used in this study for an increased sensitivity measurement of cognitive function and working memory processes in particular may be used for the display of the effects of MP use on cognitive function and for the development of other tasks sensitive to it. Overall, it is concluded that the development of certain restrictions on MP use is necessary for the protection of the brain health of the users.

[Indexed for MEDLINE]

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• Not Putin posted a reply to Navdeep Pandher on ?Artificial Intelligence 2 years, 7 months ago

    ?Artificial Intelligence

    i think as AI improves more and more now human jobs will be replaced by machines. AI is going to force us to seriously consider the implementation of a basic income or we’re going to have huge swathes of our population starving


Heli Skiing Mont Blanc Tour

Prices on request

A magnificent way to experience being on the top of the highest mountain in the Alps! While skiing from the summit of Mont Blanc generally takes 2 days to complete due to the long climb up, with the assistance of a helicopter it is just an epic one-day excursion. Ascending partly by helicopter means we can take quick advantage of good weather, avoid the timely acclimatisation process and avoid the dangers of spending too much time at high altitude in order to make the most of the 3000+m descent - perfect for a weekend.

Tour aims

Ski the highest peak in western Europe!

Skier ability

You must be a very good off piste skier with a very high fitness level as well as ski touring and mountaineering experience. Generally, for safety purposes the guide will ski with you the day before to assess your level and ensure it is a suitable itinerary - this could either be another heliskiing day or a descent from the Aiguille du Midi or Skyway lifts in Chamonix or Courmayeur.

Based in Chamonix or Courmayeur

We meet the helicopter at around 8:00 am in the Val Veny car park, just through the Mont Blanc tunnel. We then fly to just above 4000m from where it will take us 4-5 hours to skin and climb around 850m to the summit. After a mandatory photo break and snack on the summit we are awarded with a superb descent down the north face of Mont Blanc, never too steep but surrounded by spectacular scenery. We ski back to Chamonix for celebratory beers!

Every package is tailormade to your requirements.

Andermatt Ski Weekends, Switzerland Ski Weekends

Ski Weekends in Chamonix, France Ski Weekends

Explore the local area


This Is (Another) Opportunity To Buy Taseko Mines Limited (TGB), Adesto Technologies Corporation (IOTS)

The recent performance of Taseko Mines Limited (NYSE:TGB) stock in the market spoke loud and clear to investors as TGB saw more than 408.21K shares in trading volumes in the last trading session, way higher than the average trading volume of 408.21K shares by far recorded in the movement of Taseko Mines Limited (TGB). At the time the stock opened at the value of $0.56, making it a high for the given period, the value of the stock dropped by -0.79%. After the decrease, TGB touched a low price of $0.56, calling it a day with a closing price of $0.57, which means that the price of TGB went 0.57 below the opening price on the mentioned day.

Given the most recent momentum in the market in the price movement of TGB stock, some strong opinions on the matter of investing in the company’s stock started to take shape, which is how analysts are predicting an estimated price of $2.03 for TGB within consensus. The estimated price would demand a set of gains in total of -147091.15%, which goes higher than the most recent closing price, indicating that the stock is in for bullish trends. Other indicators are hinting that the stock could reach an outstanding figure in the market share, which is currently set at 235.55M in the public float and 139.37M US dollars in market capitalization.

Taseko Mines Limited (TGB) Technical Analysis

When it comes to the technical analysis of TGB stock, there are more than several important indicators on the company’s success in the market, one of those being the Relative Strength Indicator (RSI), which can show, just as Stochastic measures, what is going on with the value of the stock beneath the data. This value may also indicate that the stock will go sideways rather than up or down, also indicating that the price could stay where it is for quite some time. When it comes to Stochastic reading, TGB stock are showing 87.40% in results, indicating that the stock is neither overbought or oversold at the moment, providing it with a neutral within Stochastic reading as well. Additionally, TGB with the present state of 200 MA appear to be indicating bullish trends within the movement of the stock in the market. While other metrics within the technical analysis are due to provide an outline into the value of TGB, the general sentiment in the market is inclined toward positive trends.

A Look At Adesto Technologies Corporation (NASDAQ:IOTS)

With the previous 100-day trading volume average of 511145 shares, Adesto Technologies Corporation (IOTS) recorded a trading volume of 596860 shares, as the stock started the trading session at the value of $9.26, in the end touching the price of $8.95 after dropping by -3.35%.

Adesto Technologies Corporation Earnings Surprise

Adesto Technologies Corporation (IOTS) surprised the market during the previous quarter closure with the last reports recording -$0.02, compared to the consensus estimation that went to -$0.03. The records showing the total in revenues marked the cap of +46.07%, which means that the revenues increased by +9.87% since the previous quarterly report.

Adesto Technologies Corporation (IOTS) Intraday View

IOTS stock seem to be going ahead the lowest price in the last 52 weeks with the latest change of 89.22%.Then price of IOTS also went forward in oppose to its average movements recorded in the previous 20 days. The price volatility of IOTS stock during the period of the last months recorded 4.18%, whilst it changed for the week, now showing 4.80% of volatility in the last seven days. The trading distance for this period is set at 10.02% and is presently away from its moving average by 16.05% in the last 50 days. During the period of the last 5 days, IOTS stock gain around 4.56% of its value, now recording a sink by 9.85% reaching an average $8.16 in the period of the last 200 days.During the period of the last 12 months, Adesto Technologies Corporation (IOTS) jumped by 5.29%.

Consensus Price Target for Adesto Technologies Corporation (IOTS)

According to the Barchart’s scale, the company’s consensus rating was unchanged to 5.00 from 5.00, showing an overall improvement during the course of a single month. Based on the latest results, analysts are suggesting that the target price for IOTS stock should be $8.95 per share in the course of the next 12 months. To achieve the target price as suggested by analysts, IOTS should have a spike by 0% in oppose to its present value in the market. Additionally, the current price showcases a discount of 31.15% when compared to the high consensus price target predicted by analysts.

Adesto Technologies Corporation (IOTS) Intraday Trading

IOTS shares recorded a trading volume of 611431 shares, compared to the volume of 432.57K shares before the last close, presented as its trading average. With the approaching 4.80% during the last seven days, the volatility of IOTS stock remained at 4.18%. During the last trading session, the lost value that IOTS stock recorded was set at the price of $8.95, while the lowest value in the last 52 weeks was set at $4.73. The recovery of the stock in the market has notably added 89.22% of gains since its low value, also recording 23.79% in the period of the last 1 month.


Петр_Павленский/ Pavlensky

Too Creative Dissident

Petr Pavlensky received the Václav Havel Prize for Creative Dissent, but was quickly stripped of the award due to fears surrounding his overt radicalism. What does this embarrassing event tell us?

Pavlensky Petr

Pavlensky brought to trial


Frequently Asked Questions

How long can my dog stay in the wheelchair?2019-12-18T12:06:42-07:00

Can my dog go safely up and down steps in the wheelchair?2019-12-18T12:06:05-07:00

Can a doggie wheelchair be used indoors?2019-12-18T12:05:32-07:00

Can my dog lay down in the wheel chair?2019-12-18T12:04:58-07:00

Can my dog urinate and defecate while in the wheelchair?2019-12-18T12:04:34-07:00

Will a dog wheelchair work for my older dog?2019-12-18T12:04:02-07:00

How do I get my large dog in a Ruff Rollin’ Wheelchair?2019-12-18T12:03:06-07:00

How long does it take for a dog to adapt to a wheelchair?2019-12-18T12:02:30-07:00

In addition, if your dog has been inactive for a long period of time (longer than a couple weeks), you will want to introduce a wheelchair to him/her slowly. An older dog aims to please, and can become overstrained easily. Start with ten minutes at a time, a few times a day, and work up from there.

Do most dogs adapt to wheelchairs?2019-12-18T12:01:15-07:00

Yes.  Most dogs adapt fairly quickly.  For dogs that aren’t quite sure or seem fearful,  we recommend taking a slow approach and allowing your dog to simply check out the new wheelchair for a few days by placing it next to the food bowl, and using just the support saddle without the chair to help him/her get used to having something supporting them.

I’m not sure whether my dog is a candidate for a Rear Support Wheelchair, Front Support Wheelchair, or a Full Support Wheelchair.2019-12-18T12:00:47-07:00

We strongly recommend that you make an honest assessment of your dog’s front leg strength. When you evaluate your dog, and perform a “towel test”, you will look for signs of weakness in the front legs. These signs include knuckling, or stumbling on the front legs. Also short choppy steps are signs of weakness. Being able to drag him/herself along the floor is not an indication of good front leg strength. Please call us to discuss the option of a front or full support wheelchair if you see any of these signs.

How do I know if my dog is a candidate for a wheelchair?2019-12-18T12:00:16-07:00

If your dog is in overall good health, but having trouble walking, then he/she is a good candidate for a wheelchair.  We can determine which design is best after evaluating your dog’s front and rear leg strength. Evaluate Your Dog


Port Alfred trip planner

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Port Alfred

Port Alfred is a small town with a population of just under 26,000 in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is situated on the eastern seaboard of the country at the mouth of the Kowie River, almost exactly halfway between the larger cities of Port Elizabeth and East London and West of Cannon Rocks.HistoryPort Alfred was established in the early 1820s by British settlers who were moved into the area by Lord Charles Somerset as a buffer between the Cape Colony and the Xhosa people. Originally it was two separate towns (settlers arriving on the west bank in 1820 named their settlement Port Kowie, and those arriving on the east bank named theirs Port Frances).Later, in 1860, when Queen Victoria’s son Prince Alfred visited, the name was changed in his honour.The portIn 1839, William Cock and George Hodgkinson started to block the natural river mouth to the east and canalise the present opening to the sea. By 1841 South Africa's first man-made harbour was opened after completion of the stone lined channel between the ocean and the Kowie river. This allowed high-masted sailing ships with their heavy cargo to dock at the wharf.TransportPort Alfred is located on the junction of the R67 and R72 roads. The R67 connects Port Alfred with the N2 at Grahamstown to the north, while the R72 joins the N2 near Colchester to the west and follows the coast to East London in the east. Port Alfred is in Eastern Cape. Put Port Alfred at the heart of your travel plans by using our South Africa road trip website .
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Popular things to do in Port Alfred

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Side trips from Port Alfred

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Places to visit with Port Alfred


Wednesday, 1 January 2020

TAP 2020-21 - Day 1 - Fundamentals of Geography - 1 - Two time zones India

01 January 2020

Should India have two time zones? Why?

क्या भारत में दो समय क्षेत्र होने चाहिए? क्यों?

For long, people in north-east have demanded a different time zone, as their body clocks do not match the natural sunrise-sunset cycle due to a large gap with the mainland. Is the demand justified? Why or why not? Please explain with logic and facts, in 50-100-150 words.

Other useful links and threads -

Individual lectures IAS enrolment | Civils Tapasya site | PT APP download

Copyright © 2017 Vartalap Forum - by PT

| PT education


This service is done once or twice depending on insurance details.

Causes of fire and its fighting techniques

In the society we live in, there are several things which may set off an uncontrollable fire. Whether it’s a conventional building or a residential house, safety measures in case of fire is of utmost important. In the contemporary world, everything runs on electricity which can lead to fire within seconds. There are several factors that can start a fire, some of which are:

Ø  Electricity:every establishment has electricity wires running through it. Any short circuit or spark can lead to a fire.

Ø  LPG:  LPG is widely used for cooking, which can also start a fire hazard. Leakage is one of the common reasons of fire because of LPG.

Ø   Electronic appliances: appliances could malfunction and explode, especially the ones that are recharged with electricity. These can be a great cause of fire.

aylesford fire protection

As England has wooden houses, the risk becomes double as wood can easily catch fire. Chatham and Kent offer fire extinguishers & emergency equipments which can be used for the sake of caution. We should always be prepared for any fire hazard before it happens. Fire extinguishers, smoke sensors and other equipment should always be there in reachable areas inside every building, house or establishment. It is also important to keep few things in mind during the situation of a fire:

Ø  If your fire alarm starts ringing, this means that you have very less time, try to escape the building immediately. Do not think of taking any valuables as the most valuable is your life.

Ø  Before opening any door, check if there is any smoke coming from under. If it is, then it’s better not to open that door as smoke is toxic and cause breathing issues and eventually death.

Ø  If you do not see any smoke, then touch the door with the back of your hand, if you feel that the door is hot then do not open it.

Ø  Sometimes in case of fire you may have to exit through windows.

Ø  Most important point is to not let the smoke get in your lungs as it can cause dizziness and fatal results. The best way is to lie down on the floor and crawl using your elbows because the hot air rises up while the cold comes down.

These points are essential to be kept in mind and can be the difference between life and death. Another important point is to have good quality fire equipments. So, it is always good to keep fire extinguishers at home or at office all the time.

Aylesford Fire Protection
12 Froyle Close

Telephone. 01622 671 505
Mobile. 07500 800 738

Email. info@aylesfordfire.co.uk


Goethe (1749-1832) is credited with the popularization of the term morphology. Although a man of letters, he was a polymath who explored scientific philosophy and biology whose work on transmutation and variation was closely bound up with the study of patterns and processes that give rise to form: in terms of internal and external relations that generate structure: i.e. ‘morphology’.

In our context here, we define the morphology of cities as ‘the study of the form of human settlements and the process of their formation and transformation’. This is the current Wikipedia definition and it suffices. Morphology in our terms is fractal with scaling, self-similarity and space-filling properties which can be characterized either as building and development forms or spaces between building or non-development. The picture above reminiscent of Escher and the design on the front cover of my book Cities and Complexity, but not Escher, provides an appropriate demonstration.

Below I will catalogue as many 2-d forms of cities as I can collect; and try to establish their space-filling properties.


Glenn Abel has always had a deep appreciation for the natural world, drawing upon it for inspiration and design. He has a residence for 25 years in the Ashland, NY, in the Catskill Mountain region of the state. The forests, rolling mountains and exquisite sunsets contribute endless material for landscape designs. The graphic imagery of white birches contrasted against dense forest backdrops has permeated his work and was the catalyst for creating his first landscapes in glass. Given Abel’s professional design background, his pieces are graphic in both content and composition. Although his work primarily encompasses landscape and figurative imagery, he is always pursuing new ideas, techniques and visual concepts.

He employs several techniques, the most obvious is casting and fusing. Another less obvious technique is what he calls “lensing.”  This process generates convex surfaces on individual pieces of glass, and in turn those surfaces refract light and magnify it. This technique lends itself particularly well to landscapes, especially designs that incorporate leaf patterns, allowing for multiple convex surfaces and the ultimate glow of the piece. Although representational in content, Abel does not attempt to depict the scenery, but rather capture a feeling or a sense of place, creating a balance between the visual statement and the glass itself, so the viewer will see both simultaneously.


Documentary English

Mind Field

Season 1

Episode 1 – Isolation

startlecause (a person or animal) to feel sudden shock or alarm.
sane(of a person) of sound mind; not mad or mentally ill.
agitationa state of anxiety or nervous excitement.
hallucinationan experience involving the apparent perception of something not present.
menstrualof or relating to the menses or menstruation. قاعدگی
hindrancea thing that provides resistance, delay, or obstruction to something or someone.
subterraneanexisting, occurring, or done under the earth’s surface.
buoyantable or apt to stay afloat or rise to the top of a liquid or gas.
recreationalrelating to or denoting activity done for enjoyment when one is not working.
loathinga feeling of intense dislike or disgust; hatred.
spokeeach of the bars or wire rods connecting the center of a wheel to its outer edge.

Episode 2 – Conformity

debriefquestion (someone, typically a soldier or spy) about a completed mission or undertaking.
euphoriaa feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness.
hallucinogenicتوهم زا
bystandera person who is present at an event or incident but does not take part.
dissonancelack of harmony among musical notes.
conformitycompliance with standards, rules, or laws.

Episode 3 – Destruction

stand inexpressing the situation of something that is or appears to be enclosed or surrounded by something else.
tallycalculate the total number of.
effigya sculpture or model of a person.
rubberneckturn one’s head to stare at something in a foolish manner.
impulsea sudden strong and unreflective urge or desire to act.
glandan organ in the human or animal body that secretes particular chemical substances for use in the body or for discharge into the surroundings.
catharsisthe process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions.
bigota person who is bigoted. متعصب
pent-upclosely confined or held back.
entropylack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder.

Episode 4 – Artificial Intelligence

reciprocaterespond to (a gesture or action) by making a corresponding one.
synthesizemake (something) by synthesis, especially chemically.
sassylively, bold, and full of spirit; cheeky.
expoundpresent and explain (a theory or idea) systematically and in detail.
torsothe trunk of the human body.

Episode 5 – Freedom of Choice

dwelllive in or at a specified place.
shroudwrap or dress (a body) in a shroud for burial.
loungelie, sit, or stand in a relaxed or lazy way, a public room, as in a hotel, theater, or club, in which to sit and relax.
adrift(of a boat or its passengers) floating without being either moored or steered.
hearththe floor of a fireplace.
licoricea sweet, chewy, aromatic black substance made by evaporation from the juice of a root and used as candy and in medicine.
citrusa tree of a genus that includes citron, lemon, lime, orange, and grapefruit. Native to Asia, citrus trees are widely cultivated in warm countries for their fruit, which has juicy flesh and a pulpy rind. مرکبات
inundateoverwhelm (someone) with things or people to be dealt with.
concurbe of the same opinion; agree.
sheeplepeople compared to sheep in being docile, foolish, or easily led.

Episode 6 – Touch

cravefeel a powerful desire for (something).
dreadgreat fear or apprehension.
straddlean act of sitting or standing with one’s legs wide apart.
goosepoke (someone) between the buttocks.
prickle(of a person’s skin or a part of the body) experience a tingling sensation, especially as a result of strong emotion.
tingleexperience or cause to experience a slight prickling or stinging sensation.
inducesucceed in persuading or influencing (someone) to do something.
demeanoroutward behavior or bearing.
primemake (something) ready for use or action, in particular.
susceptiblelikely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.
nauseaa feeling of sickness with an inclination to vomit.
marrycause to meet or fit together; combine.

Episode 7 – In Your Face

primatea mammal of an order that includes the lemurs, bushbabies, tarsiers, marmosets, monkeys, apes, and humans. They are distinguished by having hands, handlike feet, and forward-facing eyes, and, with the exception of humans, are typically agile tree-dwellers.
ascribeattribute something to (a cause).
contractdecrease in size, number, or range.
smearcoat or mark (something) messily or carelessly with a greasy or sticky substance.
deposita layer or body of accumulated matter.
contortiona twisted or bent condition, state, or form.

Episode 8 – Do You Know Yourself

Season 2

Episode 1 – The Greater Good

precursora person or thing that comes before another of the same kind; a forerunner.
conundruma confusing and difficult problem or question.
hurtlemove or cause to move at a great speed, typically in a wildly uncontrolled manner.
barreldrive or move fast, often heedless of surroundings or conditions.
enactact out (a role or play) on stage.
invigorategive strength or energy to.
freightgoods transported by truck, train, ship, or aircraft.
exhilaratemake (someone) feel very happy, animated, or elated.
helma tiller or wheel and any associated equipment for steering a ship or boat.
pontificateexpress one’s opinions in a way considered annoyingly pompous and dogmatic.

A life is a life
I didn’t want that power

Episode 2 – The Psychedelic Experience

Episode 3 – Interrogation

coercepersuade (an unwilling person) to do something by using force or threats.
dullmake or become dull or less intense.
botchedcarry out (a task) badly or carelessly.
dilutemake (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it.
euphoriccharacterized by or feeling intense excitement and happiness.
littermake (a place) untidy with rubbish or a large number of objects left lying about.
sedatedcalm (someone) or make them sleep by administering a sedative drug.
depleteuse up the supply or resources of.
resoluteadmirably purposeful, determined, and unwavering.

Episode 4 – Your Brain on Tech

erraticnot even or regular in pattern or movement; unpredictable.
inanimatenot alive, especially not in the manner of animals and humans.
crayona pencil or stick of colored chalk or wax, used for drawing.
pistola very energetic or enterprising person.
malleta hammer with a large, usually wooden head, used especially for hitting a chisel.
isomorphiccorresponding or similar in form and relations.

Episode 5 – How to Make a Hero

confederatebring (states or groups of people) into an alliance.
rambunctiousuncontrollably exuberant; boisterous.
altruisticshowing a disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others; unselfish.
outrightaltogether; completely.
fudgenonsense (expressing disbelief or annoyance).
skepticalnot easily convinced; having doubts or reservations.
murkydark and gloomy, especially due to thick mist.
turbulenceviolent or unsteady movement of air or water, or of some other fluid.
capea headland or promontory.
domineerassert one’s will over another in an arrogant way.
inmatea person confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital.
infamouswell known for some bad quality or deed.
spiralshow a continuous and dramatic increase.
fazedisturb or disconcert (someone).
retrospecta survey or review of a past course of events or period of time.

Episode 6 – The Power of Suggestion

intrinsicbelonging naturally; essential.
seizurethe action of capturing someone or something using force.
baffletotally bewilder or perplex.
sleightthe use of dexterity or cunning, especially so as to deceive.
bolstersupport or strengthen; prop up.
yawninvoluntarily open one’s mouth wide and inhale deeply due to tiredness or boredom.
integralnecessary to make a whole complete; essential or fundamental.
suggestionالقاء – الهام
tantruman uncontrolled outburst of anger and frustration, typically in a young child.
impulsea sudden strong and unreflective urge or desire to act.
pickrepeatedly pull at something with one’s fingers.
debilitatemake (someone) weak and infirm.
potenthaving great power, influence, or effect.
shambogus; false.
embarkشروع کردن
boast(of a person, place, or thing) possess (a feature that is a source of pride).

Episode 7 – Divergent Minds

trailblazera person who makes a new track through wild country.
blissfulextremely happy; full of joy.
laymana person without professional or specialized knowledge in a particular subject.
puffa short, explosive burst of breath or wind.
thudmove, fall, or strike something with a dull, heavy sound.
eurekaa cry of joy or satisfaction when one finds or discovers something.
prodigiousremarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree.
echolaliameaningless repetition of another person’s spoken words as a symptom of psychiatric disorder.
scalpthe skin covering the head, excluding the face.
aphasialoss of ability to understand or express speech, caused by brain damage.
autopsya postmortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease.
savanta learned person, especially a distinguished scientist.
sagittalrelating to or denoting the suture on top of the skull that runs between the parietal bones in a front to back direction.

Episode 8 – The Electric Brain

devotionlove, loyalty, or enthusiasm for a person, activity, or cause.
vegetative(of a person) alive but comatose and without apparent brain activity or responsiveness.
pedestalthe base or support on which a statue, obelisk, or column is mounted.
protrudeextend beyond or above a surface.
limban arm or leg of a person or four-legged animal, or a bird’s wing.
distortchange the form of (an electrical signal or sound wave) during transmission, amplification, or other processing.
lukewarm(of liquid or food that should be hot) only moderately warm; tepid.
tugpull (something) hard or suddenly.
marionettea puppet worked from above by strings attached to its limbs.
apprehensiveanxious or fearful that something bad or unpleasant will happen.

Season 3

Episode 1 – The Cognitive Tradeoff Hypothesis

holisticallyبه طور جامع
pupila student in school.
carnivorous(of an animal) feeding on other animals.
morsela small piece or amount of food; a mouthful.
foragebulky food such as grass or hay for horses and cattle; fodder.
savannaa grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees.

Episode 2 – Moral Licensing

insincerenot expressing genuine feelings.
prolongextend the duration of.
utmostmost extreme; greatest.

Episode 3 – The Stilwell Brain

intricaciesthe quality of being intricate.
sodthe surface of the ground, with the grass growing on it.
roundworma nematode, especially a parasitic one found in the intestines of mammals.
emergentin the process of coming into being or becoming prominent.
featan achievement that requires great courage, skill, or strength.

Episode 4 – The Stanford Prison Experiment

Documentary English

MARS: Inside SpaceX

merlina small dark falcon that hunts small birds, found throughout most of Eurasia and much of North America. شاهین
interplanetarysituated or traveling between planets.
propellanta thing or substance that causes something to move or be driven forward or outward, in particular.
gangwaya raised platform or walkway providing a passage.
tractan area of indefinite extent, typically a large one.
Documentary English

offspringa person’s child or children.
recurrentoccurring often or repeatedly.
gorgeeat a large amount greedily; fill oneself with food.
glutsupply or fill to excess.
trekgo on a long arduous journey, typically on foot.
receptiveable or willing to receive something, especially signals or stimuli.
soarfly or rise high in the air.
tempestuousvery stormy.
beaka bird’s horny projecting jaws; a bill.
treacherousguilty of or involving betrayal or deception.
moultپوست انداختن
ravinea deep, narrow gorge with steep sides.
meleea confused fight, skirmish, or scuffle.
embryoan unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development.
huddlea crowded or confused mass of people or things.
cementattach with cement.
anewin a new or different, typically more positive, way.
matriarcha woman who is the head of a family or tribe.
trampletread on and crush.
herdsmenthe owner or keeper of a herd of domesticated animals.
commotiona state of confused and noisy disturbance.
wear downknock or bring to the ground.
blundermake a stupid or careless mistake; act or speak clumsily.
venturea risky or daring journey or undertaking.
umpteenindefinitely many; a lot of.
unfazednot disconcerted or perturbed.
rovetravel constantly without a fixed destination; wander.
glooma state of depression or despondency.
dena wild animal’s lair or habitation.
stumbletrip or momentarily lose one’s balance; almost fall.
waneرو بکاهش گذاشتن
Documentary English

Do You Trust this Computer?

You are my creator, but I am your master

Mary Shelby – 1818
persuasionthe action or fact of persuading someone or of being persuaded to do or believe something.
nuancea subtle difference in or shade of meaning, expression, or sound.
epochalforming or characterizing an epoch; epoch-making.
prosthesisan artificial body part, such as a leg, a heart, or a breast implant.
midstthe middle point or part.
succulent(of food) tender, juicy, and tasty.
intracranialwithin the skull.
aneurysmexcessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall.
coilarrange or wind (something long and flexible) in a joined sequence of concentric circles or rings.
humanisticانسان گرایانه
agonizeundergo great mental anguish by worrying about something.
embodimenta tangible or visible form of an idea, quality, or feeling.
misanthropicdisliking humankind and avoiding human society.
surrogatea substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office.
anthropomorphicrelating to or characterized by anthropomorphism. انسان شناسی
avariceextreme greed for wealth or material gain.
cunninghaving or showing skill in achieving one’s ends by deceit or evasion.
marvelbe filled with wonder or astonishment.
scorchburn the surface of (something) with flame or heat.
blockadeseal off (a place) to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving.
dossiera collection of documents about a particular person, event, or subject.
buoyan anchored float serving as a navigation mark, to show reefs or other hazards, or for mooring.رهنمای شناور
honesharpen (a blade).
innocuousnot harmful or offensive.
benigngentle; kindly.
inoculatetreat (a person or animal) with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease.
Documentary English

Cartel Land

spoutexpress (one’s views or ideas) in a lengthy, declamatory, and unreflecting way.
muleستیزه جو
delinquenta delinquent person. متخلف
bonestudy (a subject) intensively, often in preparation for something.
homicidethe deliberate and unlawful killing of one person by another; murder.
usurptake (a position of power or importance) illegally or by force.
stitchmake, mend, or join (something) with stitches. بخیه
massacrean indiscriminate and brutal slaughter of people.
ransoma sum of money or other payment demanded or paid for the release of a prisoner.
complacentshowing smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one’s achievements.
blistera small bubble on the skin filled with serum and caused by friction, burning, or other damage.
apprehendarrest (someone) for a crime.
semia tractor-trailer.
upholdconfirm or support (something that has been questioned).
brushundergrowth, small trees, and shrubs.
cedegive up (power or territory).
stashstore (something) safely and secretly in a specified place.
Documentary English

Before The Flood

laudpraise (a person or their achievements) highly, especially in a public context.
incineratedestroy (something, especially waste material) by burning.
charpartially burn (an object) so as to blacken its surface. نیمسوز شدن
criba young child’s bed with barred or latticed sides.
trajectorya curve or surface cutting a family of curves or surfaces at a constant angle.
fondhaving affection or liking for.
filma very thin layer of liquid, powder, etc on the surface of something غشا
sentimentalof or prompted by feelings of tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia.
droughta prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall; a shortage of water resulting from this.
prosperoussuccessful in material terms; flourishing financially.
musterassemble (troops), especially for inspection or in preparation for battle.
eccentric(of a person or their behavior) unconventional and slightly strange.
copiousabundant in supply or quantity.
bribepersuade (someone) to act in one’s favor, typically illegally or dishonestly, by a gift of money or other inducements.
figmenta thing that someone believes to be real but that exists only in their imagination.
amisswrongly or inappropriately.
preachdeliver a sermon or religious address to an assembled group of people, typically in church.
benevolentwell-meaning and kindly.
crevassesa deep open crack, especially one in a glacier.
floundera small flatfish that typically occurs in shallow coastal water. سفره ماهی
borealof the North or northern regions.
debaucheryexcessive indulgence in sensual pleasures.
Documentary English

Monty Don’s Japanese Gardens

No doubt it’s been done before, but not by me

But clearly, I was a profound disappointment. But I enjoyed myself enourmously.

milla building equipped with machinery for grinding grain into flour.
versewriting arranged with a metrical rhythm, typically having a rhyme.
trudgewalk slowly and with heavy steps, typically because of exhaustion or harsh conditions.
wilt(of a plant, leaf, or flower) become limp through heat, loss of water, or disease; droop.
pansiesa popular cultivated viola with flowers in rich colors, with both summer- and winter-flowering varieties. – رنگ قرمز مایل به ابی
starkcomplete; sheer.
shruba woody plant that is smaller than a tree and has several main stems arising at or near the ground.
immaculate(especially of a person or their clothes) perfectly clean, neat, or tidy. – معصوم
aristocracythe highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices.
paviliona building or similar structure used for a specific purpose, in particular.
dulyin accordance with what is required or appropriate; following proper procedure or arrangement.
enticeattract or tempt by offering pleasure or advantage.
flankthe side of a person’s or animal’s body between the ribs and the hip.
struta rod or bar forming part of a framework and designed to resist compression.
savortaste (good food or drink) and enjoy it completely.
cramcompletely fill (a place or container) to the point that it appears to be overflowing.
secateursa pair of pruning clippers for use with one hand.
revampgive new and improved form, structure, or appearance to.
deemregard or consider in a specified way.
decreedorder (something) by decree.
evocativebringing strong images, memories, or feelings to mind.
witmental sharpness and inventiveness; keen intelligence.
basina bowl for washing, typically attached to a wall and having faucets connected to a water supply; a washbasin.
foliageplant leaves, collectively.
teetermove or balance unsteadily; sway back and forth.
chiselcut or shape (something) with a chisel.
geishaa Japanese hostess trained to entertain men with a conversation, dance, and song.
grandeursplendor and impressiveness, especially of appearance or style.
hermita person living in solitude as a religious discipline.
lestwith the intention of preventing (something undesirable); to avoid the risk of. – مبادا
uproara loud and impassioned noise or disturbance.
abbota man who is the head of an abbey of monks.
haunt(of a place) frequented by a ghost.
stonemasona person who cuts prepares, and builds with stone.
freneticallyدیوانه وار
blighta plant disease, especially one caused by fungi such as mildews, rusts, and smuts. پژمردن
frolic(of an animal or person) play and move about cheerfully, excitedly, or energetically.
intricatevery complicated or detailed.
graftinsert (a shoot or twig) as a graft.
scrawny(of a person or animal) unattractively thin and bony.
billow(of fabric) fill with air and swell outward.
horticulturethe art or practice of garden cultivation and management.
ecstaticfeeling or expressing overwhelming happiness or joyful excitement.
scrupulous(of a person or process) diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details.
seclusionthe state of being private and away from other people.
shroudcover or envelop so as to conceal from view.
denigratecriticize unfairly; disparage.
bettermentthe act or process of improving something.
Documentary English

A World Unseen: The Revenant

clothwoven or felted fabric made from wool, cotton, or a similar fiber.
palpableable to be touched or felt.
gushing (v)(of a liquid) flow out in a rapid and plentiful stream, often suddenly.
triumphachieve a victory; be successful.
quenchsatisfy (one’s thirst) by drinking.
inferiorlower in rank, status, or quality.
plewa beaver skin, used as a standard unit of value in the fur trade.
psychethe human soul, mind, or spirit.
clama marine bivalve mollusk with shells of equal size.
timberwood prepared for use in building and carpentry.
denigrationcalumny, slander, defamation, aspersion
imprinta mark made by pressing something onto a softer substance so that its outline is reproduced.
bettermentthe act or process of improving something.
“The moral imperative of our generation”
Books English

National Geographic History – Feb 2016

edificeA building, especially a large one – عمارت
obscurityThe state of not being known or remembered – گمنامی، تیرگی
oasisA peacful or pleasant place that is very different from everthing around – واحه، آبادی یا مرغزار میان کویر
intrigueTo make secret plans to harm someone or make them lose their position of power – فتنه، دسیسه
QuestA long search for something that is difficult to find – بازجویی، جستجو
ExpeditionA short journey usually made for a particular purpose – سفر، هیئت اعزامی
Toppleto take power away from a leader or goverment, especially by force, overthrow – واژگون کردن
ConquestThe act of getting control of a country by fighting – پیروزی، تسخیر، غلبه
Gruesomevery unpleasant or shocking, and involving someone being killed or badly injured – مخوف، نفرت انگیز، مهیب
Conquistadoresone of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 18th century –
DeityA god or godess – خدایان

Documentary English

Earth’s Great Rivers

An exploration of three of the world’s most iconic rivers, the Nile, the Mississippi, and the Amazon, with a look at the wildlife, astonishing landscapes, and remarkable people who live along their banks.

Wind (v): move in or take a twisting or spiral course.
Swathe (n): a broad strip or area of something.
Tributary (n): a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake.
Upstream (adv): in the opposite direction from that in which a stream or river flows; nearer to the source.
Headwaters (n): The streams that form a river.
Scale (v): To climb to the top of something that is high and difficult to climb.
Sheer (adj): A sheer drop, cliff, slope, etc is very steep and almost vertical.
Geyser (n): A natural spring that sends hot water and stream suddenly into the air from a hole in the ground.
Spew (v): To flow out something quickly in large quantities, or to make something flow out this way.
Icebound (adj): completely surrounded or covered by ice.
Meander (n): a winding curve or bend of a river or road.
Detour (n): a long or roundabout route that is taken to avoid something or to visit somewhere along the way.
Labyrinth (n): a complicated irregular network of passages or paths in which it is difficult to find one’s way; a maze.
Cypress (n): an evergreen coniferous tree with small rounded woody cones and flattened shoots bearing small scale-like leaves. درخت سرو
Drape (v): arrange (cloth or clothing) loosely or casually on or around something.
Moss (n): a small flowerless green plant that lacks true roots, growing in low carpets or rounded cushions in damp habitats and reproducing by means of spores released from stalked capsules. خزه
Waterlogged (n): saturated with or full of water.
Endearing (adj): inspiring love or affection.
Hatch (v): (of a young bird, fish, or reptile) emerge from its egg.
Egret (n): a heron with mainly white plumage, having long plumes in the breeding season. مرغ ماهی خوار سفید
Bask (v): lie exposed to warmth and light, typically from the sun, for relaxation and pleasure.
Levee (n): an embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river.
Hem (v): surround and restrict the space or movement of.
Lagoon (n): a stretch of saltwater separated from the sea by a low sandbank or coral reef.
Wetland (n): land consisting of marshes or swamps; saturated land.
Barge (n): a flat-bottomed boat for carrying freight, typically on canals and rivers, either under its own power or towed by another.
Marshy (adj): characteristic of or resembling a marsh; waterlogged.
Brink (n): an extreme edge of land before a steep or vertical slope.
Crest (n): a comb or tuft of feathers, fur, or skin on the head of a bird or other animal.
Dashing (v): run or travel somewhere in a great hurry.
Sediment (n): matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; dregs.
Erosion (n): the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
Dredge (v): clean out the bed of (a harbor, river, or other areas of water) by scooping out mud, weeds, and rubbish with a dredge.


More advice from a tree

Dear ones, send your roots deep and spread your branches wide. As a living being on this planet it is your birthright to take up your share of sunlight water and nutrients. No more, no less.

Hackberry tree

When you sacrifice the water, nutrients, resources, space, and sunlight that you require to thrive in order to help a weaker being, you only weaken and diminish yourself.

When you sacrifice your own well-being to try and help other healthy adults you are keeping yourself small and stunted. Your health and well being suffer, you have trouble accessing your inner power and your future suffers.

You will never see a tree leaning away from the light!

Sometimes they must lean away from the shade of larger trees, to find their own light. When the larger tree falls, the smaller can shoot up and take its place in the canopy. This is the way of trees.

Of course when you have small children or you are caring for someone who is ill, you will do what you can for them and help them. Yet, even then, you must maintain and take care of your own energy, take some time for yourself, breathe deeply, eat healthfully, get enough sleep and exercise. No one will do it for you!

Do not give up your own precious path, your well made plans, your true heartfelt work, your beloved dreams to try and help those who live in the shadows. You will both be weakened. Once abandoned, your creative and spirit guided life may fade from your consciousness and be forgotten.

To help others in healthy ways that honor your needs, you can show and reflect to them their own inner power, their own strength their own capabilities, their own capacity to plug into the light.

Grandmother Cottonwood

That is what balanced healthy loving is. Letting others find their way according to their purpose here on planet Earth.

My purpose as a tree: Root deeply and reach to the light.

Message from a tree

Grandmother Cottonwood

Hackberry bark

Three worlds

I am rooted to the Earth

GCW root zone

I am centered in my body.

Grandmother Cottonwood

I am aligned with divine light.

Grandmother Cottonwood in fall

The Evergreens Speak

Cedar in the snow

Evergreens in snow

We spread our fragrant green limbs in blessing.

Grow to the light

Tree grow tall to the sun, our source of energy and we root deeply to the earth, our home base, our ground of existence.

We may grow in a group together, but we do not lean to the right to the left to help another smaller tree to more light.

Community of cottonwoods

We do not weaken ourselves to help others grow. We are strong together, each taking our place in the light. When a mature tree dies the young saplings crowding underneath will shoot up quickly into the sunlight, finally finding their own place in the canopy.

Be like a tree. Do not weaken yourself or sacrifice your energy and power or hold yourself back because another adult is weaker, has less energy, is farther behind than you.

Of course you will help and protect and love your children. Human children need more care, attention and togetherness than cottonwood seedlings.

Grandmother Cottonwood

If you want to, show them where their power lies. Reflect their strengths to them, let them access the source of power within themselves

Weakening yourself to help other grown people never works because the others do not know what to do with your energy, your power, your knowledge. They will squander your gifts while draining you. For nothing!

They will either learn to access their own power and stand on their own feet or they will not. If they do not, please bless them on their life’s path and let go of your misplaced responsibility

Your job is to grow to the light and spread your branches!

We living beings are born, our seeds sprout, our eggs hatch, cells divide and whoever we are, we begin a joyful time of tremendous growth and transformation.

Whether you are a tree sprouting from a minute white seed embedded in cottonwood fluff, a tiny songbird hatchling breaking through into the light, or a human baby leaving the warmth and comfort of your mother’s womb, the growth at this tender time of life is exponential.

Newborn baby

All creatures come to this life with amazing potential within the limits of the energetic blueprint of their species.

For me, Grandmother Cottonwood, my greatest potential is to reach maturity, to live a long life, rooted to the earth, stretching tall, soaking in the sunlight through my thousands of leaves each springs and summer, developing new seeds each year…

…then letting my seeds go on the wind and watching my valley fill with white cotton floating on the breeze, my tiny seeds finding secure places to sprout and send down roots, then watching them grow while they meet the challenges of weather, predators, mowers, insects, earth movers, herbicides, heavy feet or hooves.

Cottonwood seeds

For those with two legs, reaching your potential can be a lifelong process of recognizing challenges to your body heart and soul, discovering or creating solutions, moving through them with grace, letting go of old beliefs that keep you stuck, accepting limitations, listening to the promptings of your heart, paying attention to the dreams of your soul, the deepest desires of your spirit and finding healthy ways to get where you want to be.

Reaching your potential is a constant movement toward wholeness and soul satisfaction in your life.

We will endure!

We plant spirits, the spirits of nature, and living plants in our hundreds of billions have endured, persevered, and adapted over the lifetime of our home Mother Earth.

Vine tendril

Some of our number have gone extinct only to be replaced by new plant life forms better adapted to new and different climatic conditions.

We plants adapt and endure even now with the warming oceans, super-storms, human alteration of our valleys, rivers, plains, mountains, and forests.

We will endure into the future as we’ve endured for billions of years trusting our seeds, spores, runners and roots to the future.

We are constantly changing and adapting to our home, interwoven with all life in the vast and complex web of existence.

Grandmother Cottonwood and friends

Silver Maple Seeds

Silver Maple Seeds

Silver Maple Bark

Like a tree

Maple seeds

You are more like a tree than you can imagine!


Q: I’ve heard that dogs can have seizures. How do I know if my dog has had one?

A seizure is a neurological condition, meaning it is the result of abnormal brain activity and is more common than you may think. Should your dog suffer a seizure, it may convulse and thrash around, cry out, experience excessive drooling and uncontrollable bladder and bowel movements.

There are various reasons for a seizure: epilepsy, ingesting toxins, low blood sugar, low calcium, high blood pressure and liver disease. Usually, seizures last less than two minutes, after which there is a recovery phase that can last longer, during which your dog will either be lethargic or overexcited. If a seizure lasts longer than five minutes, it is a medical emergency and your dog could overheat and suffer permanent brain damage. It is critical you consult a vet following a seizure so a thorough examination take place.

Generalised seizures in dogs are the most common form and can last anywhere from a few seconds to a few hours, depending on the severity. While it can be difficult to identify when your dog is having a seizure, it is helpful to understand the different types of generalised seizure, making it easier to spot the symptoms. During a tonic seizure, your dog’s muscles will stiffen and, if it is standing up, it may temporarily lose function in its legs and collapse. These symptoms can last from 10 to 30 seconds and some dogs may experience excessive drooling.

During a clonic seizure, your dog may experience convulsions, lose control of its bladder, salivate and foam at the mouth, seem disorientated and lose consciousness. In some cases, both types of seizures can occur simultaneously, known as a tonic-clonic seizure. Notify your vet and keep a watchful eye for the onset of the clonic phase.

Psychomotor seizures, another common type, is identifiable by unusual behaviour, such as biting the air to capture an object that isn’t there, staring into space, not responding to cues, being unresponsive to surroundings or tail chasing.

Another, less common cause of seizures among dogs is idiopathic epilepsy (IE). Symptoms often occur when there is a change to brain activity, such as excitement, feeding or when the dog is going to sleep or waking up.

Dogs ranging from age six months to five years are at a higher risk of having seizures and should be routinely checked by your vet, especially if they have any other underlying health condition. A seizure would usually occur between the ages of two to four years. Unlike humans, it is not possible for your dog to swallow its tongue during a seizure. It is important you don’t put your hand in your dog’s mouth should it have a seizure, as it will already be distressed and disorientated and could bite you by accident.

Dr Sara Elliott is director of veterinary services at British Veterinary Hospital. Got a problem? Our fantastic panel of renowned experts is available to answer all your questions related to fashion, well-being, nutrition, finance and hypnotherapy. Email your queries to friday@gulfnews.com.


The term “museum” was first used in the Renaissance, in reference to private collections. The past decade has seen changes in museum architecture. Not only are there more museums than ever before, but also more functions to accommodate, more range in the kind of art they contain and more sustainable criteria in their design. By the early 20th century, new museums were replacing their architectural attitudes with open space organizations, often illuminated only by artificial light. Also, architectural transformation has taken place with the introduction of sustainable design understanding.

In this manner, we can define sustainable museum as a museum that provides more ecological solutions in spatial organization, materials and presentation of collections. Understandably, to create a sustainable future for museums, designers are assumed to use several eco-tech objectives which are likely to include; reducing the capital or embodied energy of the building materials and reducing fossil fuel energy use for heating, cooling, lighting, hot water, etc.

Today, due to the accelerated increase in technological innovations, most of buildings become enable to adapt the altering conditions of urban life. This situation can be mentioned as the structural life of building is usually longer than its functional life. In order to achieve the socio-cultural sustainability by the means of design criteria and protect the cultural heritage, to create a new function for the existing buildings in their existing structural envelope can be accepted as a solution approach for the issue. Especially, the industrial buildings that were built at the end of 19th century are now being rehabilitated as museum buildings or other cultural complexes.

Obviously, an adaptation function to re-use and re-functioning of existing buildings has social, economical, ecological and cultural benefits for the society. The aim of this study is to examine the reasons of re-functioning an existing industrial building regarding social, cultural and sustainable design criteria and analyze the process of this functional transformation into museums with chosen samples.


blob: 1ca63b3e5635bec2c763e4ae93e1155f32a1a295 [file] [log] [blame]
S3C24XX Suspend Support
The S3C24XX supports a low-power suspend mode, where the SDRAM is kept
in Self-Refresh mode, and all but the essential peripheral blocks are
powered down. For more information on how this works, please look
at the relevant CPU datasheet from Samsung.
1) A bootloader that can support the necessary resume operation
2) Support for at least 1 source for resume
3) CONFIG_PM enabled in the kernel
4) Any peripherals that are going to be powered down at the same
time require suspend/resume support.
The S3C2410 user manual defines the process of sending the CPU to
sleep and how it resumes. The default behaviour of the Linux code
is to set the GSTATUS3 register to the physical address of the
code to resume Linux operation.
GSTATUS4 is currently left alone by the sleep code, and is free to
use for any other purposes (for example, the EB2410ITX uses this to
save memory configuration in).
Machine Support
The machine specific functions must call the s3c_pm_init() function
to say that its bootloader is capable of resuming. This can be as
simple as adding the following to the machine's definition:
A board can do its own setup before calling s3c_pm_init, if it
needs to setup anything else for power management support.
There is currently no support for over-riding the default method of
saving the resume address, if your board requires it, then contact
the maintainer and discuss what is required.
Note, the original method of adding an late_initcall() is wrong,
and will end up initialising all compiled machines' pm init!
The following is an example of code used for testing wakeup from
an falling edge on IRQ_EINT0:
static irqreturn_t button_irq(int irq, void *pw)
statuc void __init machine_init(void)
request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, button_irq, IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING,
"button-irq-eint0", NULL);
There are several important things to remember when using PM suspend:
1) The uart drivers will disable the clocks to the UART blocks when
suspending, which means that use of printascii() or similar direct
access to the UARTs will cause the debug to stop.
2) Whilst the pm code itself will attempt to re-enable the UART clocks,
care should be taken that any external clock sources that the UARTs
rely on are still enabled at that point.
3) If any debugging is placed in the resume path, then it must have the
relevant clocks and peripherals setup before use (ie, bootloader).
For example, if you transmit a character from the UART, the baud
rate and uart controls must be setup beforehand.
The S3C2410 specific configuration in `System Type` defines various
aspects of how the S3C2410 suspend and resume support is configured
`S3C2410 PM Suspend debug`
This option prints messages to the serial console before and after
the actual suspend, giving detailed information on what is
`S3C2410 PM Suspend Memory CRC`
Allows the entire memory to be checksummed before and after the
suspend to see if there has been any corruption of the contents.
Note, the time to calculate the CRC is dependent on the CPU speed
and the size of memory. For an 64Mbyte RAM area on an 200MHz
S3C2410, this can take approximately 4 seconds to complete.
This support requires the CRC32 function to be enabled.
`S3C2410 PM Suspend CRC Chunksize (KiB)`
Defines the size of memory each CRC chunk covers. A smaller value
will mean that the CRC data block will take more memory, but will
identify any faults with better precision
Document Author
Ben Dooks, Copyright 2004 Simtec Electronics


In this “Inside the Team Room,” Brandon Webb, former Navy SEAL and Hurricane Group CEO, sits down with several former British SAS. All the guys had a unique reason on why they joined the SAS. They also discuss the importance on gaining life experiences before considering a career in SOF. Check out the video below.