A Character’s Willpower is the sum of their Resolve + Composure

Willpower is rated on a scale from 1 to 10 and has both permanent dots and temporary points. Your character’s permanent score is filled in on the dots on your character sheet. Temporary points are represented by the green beads on your resource ring. To spend a point of Willpower, give one of the beads from your ring to a storyteller. When your character regains Willpower, you will be given the appropriate beads.

Spending Willpower

- A Willpower point can be spent to add two to your character’s Stamina, Resolve, Composure, or Defense to resist mental or social/emotional pressures asserted on them, or to make a concerted effort to avoid being harmed.

Regaining Willpower Points

Your character can recover lost Willpower through any one of four ways, detailed below. Willpower points can never exceed your character’s Willpower dots. The only way to increase their Willpower dots is by increasing their Resolve and/or Composure.

Recovering Willpower is usually a matter of reaffirming your character’s sense of confidence and well-being, so certain actions and situations may allow them to recover Willpower. Ultimately, it’s up to the Storyteller to decide when characters recover Willpower during a story.

- Your character may regain one Willpower point per scene if their actions play out in a manner appropriate to their Vice or Virtue. The Storyteller is the final arbiter as to whether your character’s actions are shaped by a Virtue or Vice, and can refuse to award Willpower if your character acts purely for the rules gain and against concept.

- Your character may regain a point of Willpower after they have had a full night’s rest or the equivalent opportunity to recharge their batteries and redouble their efforts. This assumes your character rests or relaxes and does not engage in strenuous activities.

- If your character achieves a significant goal or performs a particularly impressive act that affirms their sense of confidence, the Storyteller may choose to award a Willpower point.

If for some reason your character’s Resolve and/or Composure temporarily increases during a game, perhaps as a result of a mystical spell, they gain one Willpower point per dot increase. Essentially, they have access to one or more free Willpower dot for the duration of the effect. When their Attributes return to normal, your character loses any extra Willpower dots. If they were never spent, they no longer have access to them.

Wolves in Wolf's Clothing scottishsinger


What are the risk factors for eye cancer?

Heredity & unknown. There are two major eye cancers, retinoblastomas that occur in childern and have an important heredity component in etiology. Melanomas occur in older people and other than exposure to sun, clear cut risk factors have not been defined. You may wish to consult the following webstie for more information. http://www.cancer.gov/search/results.


Adhesive Backsplash

Adhesive Backsplash - An entire spectral range is of suggestions for Adhesive Backsplash. In case you want to update your kitchen backsplash but want to keep it straightforward, below are a few simple kitchen in selecting which kind of backsplash you would like backsplash tips to help you.

Adhesive Backsplash Selfadhesive Backsplash Tiles  Hgtv

Adhesive Backsplash Selfadhesive Backsplash Tiles Hgtv

Simple does not mean useless dull, and colorless. Basic backsplashes depend on the entire color design of your kitchen. Consider other items in your kitchen before you be satisfied with your backsplash in order to avoid it sticking out such as a sore thumb of Adhesive Backsplash.

If you'd like it to be clean and straightforward, you're able to possibly select from light. You're able to follow a couple of shades. To make Adhesive Backsplash best and also to maintain it away from the idea that is dull and appearance, you can pick components such as ceramics or glass tiles which have colored styles or patterns in it.

20 Photos Gallery of Adhesive Backsplash


Sunday, June 18, 2017

Planting A Legacy

When I began gardening some 25 years ago, my first major challenge was when I took over a yard that had been buried under grass for many years. A neighbor told me that the previous owners of the house, who had lived there for over 35 years, had planted a huge, beautiful garden that was the talk of the town. Even folks just driving by would stop and ask if they could look at it. Over time, after the house had been sold to younger folks who did not wish to put in the sweat equity necessary to keep it up, the majority of the yard was turned into a large grassy plot with just a few flower beds surrounding the back of the house, and those were mostly bulbs and shrubs.

In the beginning I stayed pretty much within the borders of the already established flower beds, clearing out weeds and planting some annuals to give the beds more color once the spring flowers had finished blooming. Then I began to investigate other areas where I could create new beds and add more character to the yard. I started with digging up the grass along the side of the garage to put in some daises, begonias, and foxgloves. In less than a week after I had cut through the sod and exposed the dirt underneath, I began to see shoots and vines coming up from previously covered over plants. The same neighbor who had informed me about the yard's history told me that there used to be lovely climbing vines where I had cut out the grass. These poor things had been sleeping quietly all these years waiting to come back. In a sense, these perennials (plants that come back every year as opposed to annuals which only last a one season) were the legacy left behind by the previous owners just waiting to share their beauty with future generations.

I often think about that discovery whenever I ponder what kind of a legacy I want to "plant" in my life for those that come after me. How do I want to be remembered, and what seeds do I want to bloom in my children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, and beyond? Here are a few of the "plants" I am doing my best to grow:

1. Compassion - Whenever I see someone in need, I always tell myself: "There but for the Grace of God go I." We have to care about each other. We have to understand what it's like to "walk a mile in their shoes" and treat them as we would want to be treated.

2. Kindness - A slightly different variation on compassion, this flower is one we can give to everyone, every day, regardless of their circumstances. We can hold a door, let someone cut in front of us on line, smile at a cashier or wait staff person, pay someone a compliment, or simply say, "Thank You."

3. Gratitude - This one needs to grow into a huge hedge that surrounds our lives. "Gratitude is the Abracadabra of manifestation," says spiritual teacher and psychic medium Colette Baron Reid. The more we are grateful for what blooms in our lives, the more blooms we have to be grateful for!

4. Integrity - When we can stand in our personal truth and align our beliefs with our behavior, we can grow authentic, beautiful lives.

5. Love - This is actually not a seed. It's the medium in which we grow the other four and everything else we want to bloom in our lives. If we ask ourselves "what would Love do" before speaking or acting, our inner gardens will always be nourished.

So this, I hope, is the legacy that I work every day at planting and tending. I do this not only in my day-to-day behavior, but in my work as well. Every word I write and publish comes from my wish to serve others by encouraging them to find their own seeds to plant, and to grow a beautiful, authentic and happy life. I do this in gratitude for the life I have been given, and my love for the gift of writing that Source has seen fit to bestow upon me.

What will you plant in your legacy garden? You'll have to work hard at digging up the unwanted sod that has become so deeply rooted in your yard (what no longer serves you?), watering with gratitude and nourishing it with love, but all that work will be worth it when you see what grows! Happy planting!

And so it is.


Root Cause - time for a metaphor reflection

Recently, root cause analysis (RCA) has been he subject to review and critique.

I think we would be better served if we approached our analysis with more consistency to the metaphor. A root is a system — often fibrous, tangled and more dispersed than we imagine. It's also underground and when difficult to ever know when it ends. Furthermore, a root system very often will relies on microbial symbiosis — a dynamic process not discoverable with cursory examination.

The five whys are commonly used in QI analysis. Why why why why why is more likely to depict the root like a carrot — where the thinking and analysis repeatedly drills down into the same (few) lines of inquiry. Very often this thinking exercise is not substantiated with data or objective analysis. The opinions of a few command the greatest attention and become the subject of change intended to make improvement.

The fishbone diagram is causal theory in which participants of construction are directed through a categorical consideration of potential causes that create an undesired effect. This notion of finding “root” causes pervades both training on this method and its application.

What if there is no root cause? What if the system is complex and efforts to isolate a cause for amelioration is fundamentally wrong? How can you know when the "diagnostic" is complete? Sometimes (often?) we will need to test theory with PDSA because no amount of analysis will give us THE root.

See: The problem with root cause analysis
BMJ Q and S (open)


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Many / One

Compiled by JoAnn Kite

SHOW detailed search and navigation | Quotes | References | JoAnn

The Woman's Encyclopedia of Myths and Secrets
Barbara G. Walker

1 "As our body while consisting of human members is yet held together by one soul, so the universe is to be thought of as an immense living being which is held together by one soul." Origen

2 "Seneca said, 'A holy spirit dwells within us.' Epictetus wrote: 'You are bearing a God with you….It is within yourself that you carry him.'"

3 "Anuket [Egyptian Goddess] was known as 'The One.' She was self-begotten and self-produced."

4 "A Sumerian prayer declared: 'Hear O ye regions….magnify the Creatress, exalt the dignified, exalt the Glorious One, draw nigh unto the Mighty Lady.'"

5 "Babylonians called the Great Mother Aya, the Mother of All Things."

6 "Greek democracy was based on the idea that through enlightenment and reason each citizen would become capable of self-government and would make no moral errors."

7 "In the Egyptian Middle Kingdom, the Golden Rule was a proverb sacred to Maat, the Mother of Justice, 'Do the other good, that he may do good to you.'"

8 "Love of God and one's neighbor is the whole of the commandments." Anonymous Dominican nun, 19th century

9 "Socrates's famous dictum 'Know thyself' was Stoic aphorism for knowing God. Fusing divinity with self produced 'conscience.'"

10 "In the cyclic system of the ancients, birth and death merged in a circular continuum."

This body of quotes compiled by JoAnn Kite


Ancient Bee Goddess

The bee, found in Ancient Near East and Aegean cultures, was believed to be the sacred insect that bridged the natural world to the underworld.

Gold plaques embossed with winged bee goddesses, perhaps the Thriai, found at Camiros Rhodes, dated to 7th century BCE (British Museum)
The bee was an emblem of Potnia, the Minoan-Mycenaean "Mistress", also referred to as "The Pure Mother Bee". Her priestesses received the name of "Melissa" ("bee"). In addition, priestesses worshiping Artemis and Demeter were called "Bees". Appearing in tomb decorations, Mycenaean tholos tombs were shaped as beehives. The Delphic priestess is often referred to as a bee, and Pindar notes that she remained "the Delphic bee" long after Apollo had usurped the ancient oracle and shrine.

Greek Bee Fibula, 4th century BC The bee, found in the artifacts of Ancient

"The Delphic priestess in historical times chewed a laurel leaf," Harrison noted, "but when she was a Bee surely she must have sought her inspiration in the honeycomb.

Minoan Golden Bee. In Crete the Bee Goddess was worshiped. The Priestesses would wear wings and dance about in worship of the Great Mother.

Gold signet ring found in a tomb at Isopata, in the vicinity of Knossos. On the bezel is a representation of ecstatic ritual dance ceremony of adoration by women standing in a field of crocuses. They and the goddess appear to have the heads of bees. The smaller figure is considered to be a goddess descending from the sky. On the ground, the signs of an eye and snakes can also be seen. LM II period (15th century B.C.).


Bruce Mutard’s The Sacrifice is so firmly rooted in the reality of World War II Melbourne, that you can almost hear the trams trundle down Collins Street. The first volume in a planned trilogy focusing on life and times of Robert Wells, The Sacrifice casts an unflinching eye over the nature and limits of bravery, morality and tolerance in the shadow of war. It delves into the tough ethical choices Wells must make as his pacifist principles confront the harsh realities of the war gathering on Australia’s doorstep and its impact on his friends, family and city.

Against the backdrop of the looming conflict in Europe and a nation still recovering from the Great Depression, the laconic, quick-witted Robert Wells is lucky to have a white-collar job in his uncle’s steel works and a supportive circle of friends. The rest of his family are less fortunate. Wells’ mother, a devout Catholic tragically widowed in the Great War prays for her wayward son Robert’s return to the flock. Wells’s proud, hard-headed older brother Artie and sister-in-law Min, still coming to terms with the death of their only children in the great fires of 1933, live far from easy street.

As the extent of Hitler’s plans becomes apparent and the war spills into the Pacific, Wells’ life and that of his friends and family are abruptly overturned. Artie signs up and is killed in action, driving the boys’ mother into a deep depression; Wells’ mate John, a local GP, hits the bottle as the casualties of war mount up in his surgery; another close friend David, a cynical journo tired of recycling government propaganda as news, joins the army to regain some self-respect; Elsa, Wells’ long-suffering fiancée and a card-carrying Marxist finds real solidarity with the working classes on the munitions shop floor; and the influx of Jewish refugees into Australia introduces Mata, a pretty, precocious Austrian teenager, with whom Wells becomes dangerously infatuated.

Wells, himself, is forced to reassess his anti-war stance and sort out his conflicted feelings for Elsa and the increasingly reckless Mata. Against his mother’s wishes and despite working in a protected industry, he enlists in the forces, where he finds, to his astonishment, that he’s officer material and is shipped off to battle, leaving a changed world behind him.

Mutard’s credible characterisation, sharp ear for idiomatic dialogue, and precise, naturalistic draughtsmanship reveal a deep concern for authenticity that is reinforced by his fastidiously researched, clear-eyed recreation of wartime Australia. There’s no hint of nostalgia in the depiction of Melbourne’s transformation from a parochial, buttoned-down city into a bustling, permissive metropolis ready to do its bit for the international war effort.

The book does falter, however, when the extensive political debates punctuating the first half threaten to undermine the understated, cinematic storytelling. This is exacerbated not only by occasionally stilted artwork and an over reliance on mid-distance compositions, but also by a rather formal, overly literal approach to story and character exposition as Mutard lays the groundwork for future chapters. The result stifles imaginative engagement with the work, and it’s only as Wells gradually gains greater insights into himself and the changing world around him, that the story open up to let the reader in. Such that by the end of this first instalment, Wells’ personal journey and sacrifice deliver a surprisingly emotional charge.

Although flawed in parts, The Sacrifice is an ambitious graphic novel, with the density, scope and seriousness of purpose that are rare in Australian comics. It remains for subsequent volumes in the trilogy to build on its promise.


Kiwi in Cat City (Kiwi series)

Middle Grade, Humor, Children's Books

By Vickie Johnstone

Publisher : Vickie Johnstone

ABOUT Vickie Johnstone

Vickie Johnstone

Have you ever wished your cat could talk or wondered where he/she goes when you are not around?

Kiwi in Cat City is the first book in a series, of which there are six fun adventures so far.

Kiwi seems like a typical moggie, content to nap in the sun and chase shadows, but she has a secret. She is a magical cat from a place called Cat City. With her two humans, James and Amy, Kiwi finds mysteries and adventures, dealing with catnappings, jewel thieves, giant rats, time travel, haunted houses, Father Christmas, pyramids and more. The fun stories contain positive messages about loyalty, friendship, honesty, bullying and the power of standing together.

Book 1 opens on one dark night. Amy cannot sleep and she looks out of the window into the garden to see her cat, Kiwi, transfixed by the moon, which is glowing brightly like a cat's claw. Waking her brother, James, Amy suggests they follow Kiwi to see where she goes... whether it involves a hunt for mice or something else. Little do they know that with a flick of her tail, Kiwi is going to magically change the children into kittens and lead them on the adventure of their lives to a land they never knew existed in their wildest dreams. In the blue-lit world of Cat City, the budding detectives help Inspector Furrball to investigate the mysterious catnapping of Mr Katz and find out what happened to Madame Purrfect.

The books contain illustrations by Nikki McBroom.

Furry fun for ages 9-99.

The six-book Kiwi Series is based on a little black cat I used to have called Kiwi. The first book is called Kiwi in Cat City, which I wrote in 2002 and published in 2011.


About Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh is called the “Rice Bowl of India” and is one of the 4th largest states of the nation. Hyderabad is the capital and Telugu is the local language spoken. It flaunts its spicy cuisine. Kuchipudi is the classical dance that was introduced in the state. Andhra Pradesh spilt into 4 regions mainly Telangana, Rayalaseema, Southern Coast and Northern Coast. It is one of the 4th largest southern states of India that has a 972 km long coastline that joins the Bay of Bengal. The state is covered by Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Orissa and Chhattisgarh.

It is state that has nested itself on the Northern parts of India. It shares its borders with Nepal to the north. The state is surrounded by Bihar, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Delhi, Uttarkhand and Haryana. The Ganga and Yamuna flow through the state and meet each other in the middle.

Places to Visit/See

Andhra Pradesh is one of the states that are blessed with a loud colourful culture and heritage. The state is often called the pilgrimage centre that offers a range of tourism that begins from a peaceful vacation at the hotels along the sea to the Eastern Ghats.

Most of the major destinations tourists love visiting or stepping foot into the Tirumula Hills at Tirupathi, Puttaparthi, SirSathya sai Baba’s birthplace, Yadagirigutta, a sacred place where Lord Vishnu transformed into Narasimha and Bhadrachalam. Srisailam is one busiest Hindu Pilgrim destinations in Andhra. Amaravati,Ghantasal, NagarjunaKonda and Kolanpaka are some of the most popular Buddhist centres. Some of the other attractions consist of Sriharikota, the satellite in India, the horsely hills, the hill resorts, the Belum caves and borra caves, the forts and palaces that include the Golconda Fort, Falaknuma Palace, Charminar, Chowmahalla Palace and the Chandragiri Fort. Vishakhapatnam has some of the most majestic golden beaches along with the arresting Araku valley, the Yarada Beach, the RamojiRao Film City, and the Lumbini Gardens.

How to Reach

Air: The Rajiv Gandhi International airport in Hyderabad is one of the busiest airports in the state that plies to all the national and international destinations. Tirupathi, Rajamundhry, Vishakapatnam and Vijayawada have airports as well.

Rail: There are continuous trains that keep the state well connected with the other cities in the country. Some of the busiest airports are seen in Hyderabad, Vijayawada, Vishakhapatnam and Kakinada.

Sea: The state also has a few major ports in Vishakhapatnam and Kakinada and a few small ports in Machilipatam, Krishnapatnam and Nizampatnam.

Road: Andhra is one of the most well connected roadways in the country. The Andhra Pradesh Road Transport Corporation has approximately 21,000 buses that travel in and around the state.

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Emma Patten

Emma Patten, third year student, is interested in the production and circulation of historical narratives in York, England.  She focuses on how historical society members, museum volunteers and employees, and cathedral volunteers and employees inherit collective memories propagated by institutions; she is especially interested in how these people often contest and reimagine “official” institutional historical narratives, drawing from longstanding local wisdom in creating their own understandings of the past.  She also hopes to extend the anthropological concept of kinship to relationships between the living and the dead in an attempt to explain strong affinities that her interlocutors have with ancestors and historical figures.


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Geography Major

Many of our most interesting and urgent questions today occur at the intersection of society, space, and environment: • How does climate affect food production? • Why does uneven distribution of power and resources relate to conflict along international borders?  • What are the motivating forces of global economic changes and its local impacts? • How do planners design equitable and sustainable cities?

All of these are problems of uneven distributions of power and resources, across space and among communities. Geographers analyze how unevenness plays out in places where we live and how the flow of people, ideas, and resources changes the world. We take an integrative perspective on human and environmental systems, both of which help shape the places and problems we care about.

Geographers learn diverse analytical and research skills: • Field experience helps us understand how theory intersects with the empirical world around us. • GIS (geographic information systems) and mapping explain relationships among factors such as settlement patterns, resources, climate change impacts, or poverty. • Theoretical frameworks such as political ecology, world systems, and socio-nature give insights into power relations among places and peoples.

If you are interested in integrative problems of society, environment, policy, and sustainability, Geography provides a place to develop critical reading, writing, and analytical skills to understand these challenges.

Careers in Geography

Broad and integrative training in Geography provide majors with excellent grounded knowledge to allow them to  go into urban planning, environmental consulting, environmental and urban policy, community development, business, law, government, GIS analysis, education, and many other careers involving community or environmental analysis.

Interested first-year students should take Geography 102, Global Geography: Place-Making in the Modern World. This course examines major contemporary issues, including environmental and climate change impacts on local communities, uneven development in the global political-economic system, the implications of nation-states and territorial boundaries, cultural landscapes, differentiated urban space, and mapping and cartographic communication.

A number of Earth Science courses, including ESCI 151, Earth, Environment, and Humanity, also count toward a Geography major.

Courses and Requirements

Academic requirements and courses are available in the Vassar College Catalogue.

Correlate Sequences

Thesis guidelines


Emergency Law in Ireland, 1918-25

The years 1918-1925 were the most turbulent in recent Irish history, a time of momentous constitutional change and widespread political unrest. Faced with armed insurrection and revolutionary claims to democratic legitimacy, the British government responded with increasingly harsh emergency powers. These measures provided the model for the governments which emerged following the partition of the country into the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland. In this scholarly and compelling book Dr Colm Cambell offers a detailed legal analysis of emergency powers and assesses their impact upon the outcome of political conflicts. Drawing upon extensive archival materials, the author examines the effect of emergency law on the battle for legitimacy in three jurisdictions: Ireland under British rule 1918-1921; the Irish Free State 1922-25; and Northern Ireland 1921-25. By identifying and discussing three core areas of emergency law in all three jurisdictions, such as special powers of arrest and detention, special courts and internment without trial, the author brings out the historical continuity in the development of these powers. The role of the judiciary in co-operating with laws which helped to marginalize them is also discussed. Carefully researched and cogently argued, this book will appeal not only to historians but also to constitutional lawyers, political scientists, and scholars interested in civil liberaties and the history of laws relating to political violence.


Category Archives: Martin Edwards

And the Newspapers, They All Went Along For the Ride*

As this is posted, it’s 23 years since the beginning of the famous O.J. Simpson trial. As you’ll know, he was arrested and tried for the murder of his ex-wife, Nicole Brown-Simpson, and the murder of Ron Goldman. The trial made world headlines, and every detail that could be shared in the press, was. In part, the trial caught people’s interest because of the lurid details. In part, it was arguably because Simpson was famous. Little wonder that it was called ‘the Trial of the Century,’ whether or not it actually deserves that status.

Certainly, Simpson’s trial wasn’t the first or last sensational murder trial. There’s just something about certain trials that get the press’ and public’s attention. That’s true in real life, and it’s certainly true in fiction.

Martin Edwards’ Dancing For the Hangman bridges the gap between fiction and real life. It’s a fiction re-telling of the story of Harvey Hawley Crippen, who was arrested, tried, and executed in 1910 for the murder of his wife, Cora. The arrest and trial were a media sensation, and papers all over the world carried regular news about the Crippen case. It’s not surprising that the trial caught the public’s interest as it did, even though Crippen wasn’t famous. There was a love triangle involved, which always adds to the ‘spiciness’ of a case. What’s more, the murder itself was considered sensational. There was also doubt (still is, if the truth be told) as to whether Crippen was actually guilty. All of this added to the media frenzy. And it helped make the career of pathologist Bernard Spilsbury.  Edwards tells the story from Crippen’s point of view, and suggests a possibility for what might have really happened.

In Agatha Christie’s Death in the Clouds (AKA Death in the Air), Marie Morisot, a French moneylender who goes by the name of Madame Giselle, is poisoned during a flight from Paris to London. The only possible suspects are other people in the cabin, one of whom is Hercule Poirot. A few of the passengers are ‘society’ people, which in itself garners a lot of public interest. What’s more, the murder itself is considered sensational. It turns out that the victim was poisoned by what seems to be a dart from a blowgun – an exotic sort of crime. The coroner’s inquest is well attended, and all of the papers cover the story.

‘The reporters wrote: “Peer’s wife gives evidence in air-death mystery.” Some of them put: “in snake-poison mystery.”
Those who wrote for women’s papers put: “Lady Horbury wore one of the new collegian hats and fox furs” or “Lady Horbury, who before her marriage was Miss Cicely Bland, was smartly dressed in black, with one of the new hats.”

It’s not spoiling the story to say that at first, the coroner’s jury accuses Poirot of the crime, since the blowpipe was found by his seat. Needless to say, Poirot isn’t happy about that finding, and neither is the coroner. Poirot works with Chief Inspector Japp to find out who the guilty person is.

Ellery Queen’s Calamity Town takes place mostly in the small New England town of Wrightsville. Queen’s gone there for some peace and quiet, so he can write, and he’s staying in a guest house owned by social leaders John and Hermione ‘Hermy’ Wright. That’s how he gets involved in family drama when the youngest Wright daughter, Nora, rekindles an old relationship. She’d been engaged to Jim Haight, but he jilted her and then disappeared for three years. Now he’s back, and Nora shocks everyone by agreeing to marry him. The wedding goes off as planned, but shortly afterwards, suspicion arises that Haight may be planning to kill his bride for her money. Then, on New Year’s Eve, Haight’s sister, Rosemary, who’s been staying with the family, is poisoned by a drink that was intended for Nora. Now, Haight finds himself arrested and on trial for murder. The trial is a major media event, and all of the papers cover it. After all, the Wrights are social elites. And there’s the whole ‘romance-gone-wrong’ angle. In the end, only Queen and Nora’s older sister, Pat, actually believe that Haight may be innocent. And they are determined to clear his name.

John Grisham’s A Time to Kill also tells the story of a sensational murder trial in Clanton, Mississippi. Carl Lee Hailey has been arrested for the murders of two men, and the wounding of another. There’s a lot to this case that generates interest. The two men that Hailey shot were responsible for raping his ten-year-old daughter, so there’s a lot of sympathy for him. At the same time, though, he killed two people. The man he wounded is a sheriff’s deputy, and that complicates matters. There’s also the fact that Hailey is black and his victims white. This adds fuel to the media-frenzy fire, and news outlets from all over the country cover the trial. And some powerful forces have an interest in the outcome of the case, and aren’t afraid to use that power to do so.

And then there’s William Deverell’s Trial of Passion, the first of his novels to feature Vancouver attorney Arthur Beauchamp. He’s decided to retire and move to Garibaldi Island, and he’s looking forward to stepping back from the stress of big-firm work, and the failure of his marriage. Then, his former colleagues ask for his help. Professor Jonathan O’Donnell, acting dean of law at the University of British Columbia, has been arrested and charged with raping a law student, Kimberly Martin. O’Donnell claims to be innocent, and wants Beauchamp to defend him. Beauchamp refuses at first, but is finally persuaded. The trial gets a great deal of media attention. There’s the ‘he said/she said’ angle, and there’s the fact that O’Donnell is well known in the academic community. And there are the lurid details that come out during the trial. Through it all, Beauchamp works to find out what really happened on the night in question, and try to do his best for his client.

There are lots of other trials, too, both real and fictional, that get a great deal of media attention, even hype. Testimony from both sides gets splashed in the headlines, and daily updates of these cases are passed along. Some cases just seem tailor-made to become sensations.

*NOTE: The title of this post is a line from Bob Dylan’s Hurricane.

Filed under Agatha Christie, Ellery Queen, John Grisham, Martin Edwards, William Deverell

Any Two-Bit Job That Pays*

Not every PI or attorney is well-known and sought-after by the rich and famous. In fact, some lawyers and PIs are very much ‘low rent.’ There are a variety of reasons for this, of course. Sometimes it’s because of the sorts of cases they take. Sometimes it’s because they simply don’t have recognition. There are other reasons, too.

These sorts of attorneys and PIs can make for interesting characters in crime fiction. For one thing, they may have interesting backstories. For another, the sorts of cases and people they deal with are often (not always) gritty, if I can put it that way. And that can add a layer of interest to a story, to say nothing of plot points.

For instance, in William Hjortsberg’s Falling Angel, which takes place in 1959, we are introduced to low-rent PI Harry Angel. He’s not used to dealing with ‘upper crust’ clients, but one day, he gets a call from an upmarket law firm. It seems that one of their clients, Louis Cyphre, wants to find a missing man. His quarry is talented jazz artist Jonathan Liebling, also known as Johnny Favorite. According to Cyphre, he helped Liebling out at the beginning of his career, in return for which he was promised certain ‘collateral.’  World War II intervened, and Liebling came back from combat physically and emotionally damaged. He was placed in a psychiatric hospital, but now, he’s disappeared. Angel agrees to take the case, and starts to ask questions. But he soon finds that this is no normal missing person case. Instead, he’s drawn into a web of murder, horror, and evil.

Fans of Lawrence Block’s Matthew Scudder will know that he used to be a New York City police detective. A tragic accidental shooting changed everything, and as the series begins, he’s a down-at-the-heels occasional PI. He doesn’t even have his license at first, and he barely maintains a home. He doesn’t have his own office, either; instead, he holds court in local bars. As the series goes on, Scudder does a little better, gets his official PI license, and so on. But he still deals with plenty of gritty characters and places.

So does Walter Mosley’s Ezekiel ‘Easy’ Rawlins. When he loses his wartime (World War II) job at an aircraft manufacturing plant, he has to find some way to make a living. So, he accepts a commission to find a missing woman in Devil in a Blue Dress. From then, he begins to get a reputation for being able to find missing people and solve other problems. Like Scudder, he doesn’t have a regular office or a fine home. And a lot of the people he helps are ‘regular people,’ rather than wealthy, well-connected people. As the series goes on, he gets an official PI license, and has some success. But he generally doesn’t mix with those who go to ‘A-list’ parties.

There’s also C.B. McKenzie’s Rodeo Grace Garnet, whom we meet in Bad Country. He’s a former rodeo star who now works as an occasional bounty hunter and low-rent private investigator. He doesn’t have an office, or post advertisements. Instead, he gets clients by word of mouth. That’s how he hears that Katherine Rocha wants him to look into the death of her teenage grandson, Samuel. The official explanation for the boy’s death is that he fell from a bridge (or possibly, committed suicide). But there’s also evidence that he might have been shot, and knocked from the bridge. If so, his grandmother wants to know who shot the boy and why. Garnet takes the case, and soon finds that some wealthy and well-connected people do not want the death investigated.

Fans of Sara Paretsky’s V.I. Warshawski will know that she, too, starts out as what you might call a ‘low-rent’ PI. Certainly, she doesn’t live a wealthy life, and her clients are not always well-connected.

There’s also mystery novelist and fellow blogger E. Michael Helms’ Dinger. He’s a low-rent PI in post-World War II Las Vegas. He’s a tough, hardboiled sort of a guy, who’s not afraid to mix it up with all sorts of low-life types. Helms has published his Dinger stories in serial form. You can read Part One of one of them, Rose, right here. Once you do, you’ll want to read the other parts, too! I hope – I really do – that we’ll see more of Dinger. A-hem, Mr. Helms…

Martin Edwards’ Harry Devlin is a Liverpool-based attorney. But he’s not the sort you see in high-profile, lucrative cases. He’s a low-rent attorney who makes his living defending drunks, prostitutes and thieves, among others. He’s got a small place, and works in a cheap firm. So, he sees the gritty side of the city. In All The Lonely People, where we first meet him, Devlin is shocked when his ex-wife, Liz, comes for a visit. She says she’s left her current lover, Mick Coghlin, because he’s abusive, and she’s afraid of him. She asks to stay with Devlin a few days, and he agrees. Then, she disappears, and her body is found in an alley. Devlin feels guilty because he didn’t take Liz’ concerns seriously at first, and decides to find out who murdered her. At first, he assumes that Coghlin is the killer. But the more Devlin learns, the more possibilities there are. His search for the truth takes him into several of Liverpool’s seedy places.

And then there’s Attica Locke’s Jay Porter. When we are introduced to him, in Black Water Rising, he’s a low-rent Houston-area lawyer. It’s 1981, and Porter is trying to build his law business. But so far, he’s not been very successful. Then, in one plot thread, he gets drawn into the case of a fatal shooting. The trail leads to some very high, very well-protected places, and it’s a big risk for Porter. He’s black in what is still very much a white person’s world. And he’s up against some considerable opposition.

Low-rent, two-bit, down-at-the-heel, whatever you call it, such fictional attorneys and PIs add an interesting layer to crime fiction. They often deal with the sorts of cases others might not be willing to handle. And they themselves can be interesting characters.

*NOTE: The title of this post is a line from Clouds’ Pocket.

Filed under Attica Locke, C.B. McKenzie, E. Michael Helms, Lawrence Block, Martin Edwards, Sara Paretsky, Walter Mosley, William Hjortsberg

This is Not a War, No Winners No Losers*

Some professional relationships are, by their nature, adversarial. For instance, in the context of a trial, opposing counsel have to be adversaries if there’s to be a fair trial. The two sides might respect, and even like, one another off duty. But in the courtroom, they have to oppose each other. Some people think of trials as zero-sum situations: if one side wins, the other has to lose.

But there are plenty of relationships that don’t have to be adversarial, although they sometimes turn out that way. For instance, if a person commits crimes in more than one jurisdiction, it helps everyone if the police in those different places cooperate. In other words, it’s not a zero-sum situation. If the police in one place catch the criminal, the police in the other place haven’t ‘lost.’ And the citizens in both places are now safer.

In real life, police in different units and different places know this, and they’re often willing to exchange information and cooperate. It’s not that there’s never friction. In most cases, though, everyone knows that working with different police departments isn’t a zero-sum situation.

We see that cooperation in plenty of crime fiction, too. And that makes sense, since police departments do have to interact. When it’s written well, that sort of interaction can add to a story. It can also introduce different characters.

For instance, in Agatha Christie’s The ABC Murders, a series of murders occurs in different jurisdictions. The victims don’t have much of anything in common, and the murders are committed in different ways. The only things linking the deaths are that, before each one, Hercule Poirot receives a cryptic warning letter; and, an ABC railway guide is found near each body. At first, it seems as though a serial killer might be at work. But Poirot isn’t convinced. He and Captain Hastings work with Chief Inspector Japp and police from the different towns involved to find out who the killer is. Admittedly, one of the people they work with, Inspector Crome, has a bit of an annoyingly superior attitude. But by and large, the different police groups share information and cooperate. And in the end, we learn who the killer is and what the motive is.

In Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö’s Roseanna, the body of a young woman is pulled from Lake Vättern. Stockholm homicide detective Martin Beck and his team travel to Motala, where the investigation is taking place, to work with the local police. The going is slow at first, since the victim doesn’t match the description of any person listed as missing. But eventually, the police learn that the woman’s name was Roseanna McGraw, and that she was an American who was on a tour of Sweden when she was killed. In the meantime, Elmer Kafka of the Lincoln, Nebraska Police is searching for Roseanna, since a missing person report was filed there. Eventually, he and Martin Beck communicate and begin to share information. That information proves to be helpful in finding the killer, and it’s an interesting example of the way police can work together without one group or another having to ‘win.’

Sharon Bolton’s A Dark and Twisted Tide sees Bolton’s protagonist, Lacey Flint, now working with the Met’s Marine Unit. In that capacity, her job is mostly to check boating licenses, warn people about unsafe conditions, and so on. One morning, she discovers the body of a young woman in the water. The victim is probably Middle Eastern or South Asian, and the likelihood is that she was drowned. What’s more disturbing, it looks as though the body might have been left where it was for Flint to find. If so, someone’s taking a bizarre sort of interest in her. The death is looking more and more like a homicide, so Flint works with Detective Inspector (DI) Dana Tulloch and her team in the Met’s Homicide group, to find out who the victim is, and who the killer is. As the two teams work to solve this case, we see solid cooperation between the Homicide Unit and the Marine Unit. There’s some good-natured back-and-forth about whose budget will be tapped for different things, but in the main, these people work together. They all know that everyone wins if the murderer is found, no matter who actually makes the arrest.

We see a similar sort of cooperation among police departments in Martin Edwards’ The Serpent Pool. Detective Chief Inspector (DCI) Hannah Scarlett and her Cold Case Review Team is investigating the six-year-old drowning death of Bethany Friend. They’re trying to trace the victim’s last months and weeks to find out who would want her dead. At the same time, Scarlett’s friend and colleague Fern Larter and her team are investigating two more recent deaths: book collector George Saffell and attorney Stuart Wagg. Scarlett and Larter are friends; but even if they weren’t, they both know that policing isn’t a zero-sum situation. Competing with one another wouldn’t solve crimes successfully, and working together does. When a connection between the two investigations is found, the teams share information and cooperate to find the killer.

In Michael Redhill/Inger Ash Wolfe’s The Calling, Detective Inspector (DI) Hazel Micallef and her team at Port Dundas, Ontario, are faced with a disturbing series of deaths that look on the surface to be assisted suicides. But Micallef’s not sure of that. As time goes on, and the case is no closer to being solved, she comes to believe that it’s possible a serial killer is striking. If so, this killer has likely struck before, and will likely strike again. So, in one plot thread, Micellef’s team communicates with other police teams to get whatever background information they may have on similar killings. That cooperation turns out to be very useful, as it helps the Port Dundas team home in on the murderer.

There are plenty of crime novels, of course, in which ‘patch wars’ and worse happen between fictional police departments, or between different units in the same department. And that kind of conflict does happen in real life. But the reality is, the more cooperation there is among different police teams, the more crime is solved. And it’s easier than ever with today’s technology. Little wonder there’s an argument that police work isn’t a zero-sum situation – well, except for the criminal…

*NOTE: The title of this post is the title of a song by Lacrosse.

Filed under Agatha Christie, Inger Ash Wolfe, Maj Sjöwall, Martin Edwards, Michael Redhill, Per Wahlöö, Sharon Bolton

I Dial It In And Tune the Station*

With today’s technology, it’s very easy to contact people in other countries. So, we often take that ability for granted. But that hasn’t always been the case. It wasn’t until 1905, for instance, that wireless transmission between Europe and North America was commercially available. The advent of international wireless communication meant that it was far easier and less costly to broadcast, and to send messages.

Police in different countries have, since then, used wireless transmission (and, today, of course, email and other electronic communication) to do their jobs, even when a suspect crosses international borders. We certainly see that in cases of true crime.

For example, Dr. Harvey Hawley Crippen was arrested, convicted, and executed for the murder of his wife. There are arguments that he was innocent, and some people believe that a grave miscarriage of justice happened in this case. What isn’t in dispute, though, is the way in which Crippen was caught. He saw that the police suspected him, at least for a time, and decided it would be best to flee the UK. So, Crippen and his mistress, Ethel ‘Le Neave’ Neave, made plans for a transatlantic journey to Canada. They were on board the Montrose when its captain identified them, although Le Neve was disguised as a boy. The captain used wireless communication to contact Scotland Yard. Inspector Drew, who’d been investigating this murder, boarded another ship, which followed after the one which carried Crippen and Le Neve. The papers got wireless updates on how close the two ships were, and reported the news when Drew boarded the Montrose, and arrested Crippen. For a fascinating perspective on the Crippen case, you’ll want to read Martin Edwards’ Dancing For the Hangman, which is a fictional account of the murder and its investigation, told mostly from Crippen’s point of view.

In Agatha Christie’s Lord Edgware Dies, Hercule Poirot uses wireless communication to help solve the murder of the 4th Baron Edgware, who was stabbed in his study. The most likely suspect is the victim’s wife, famous actress Jane Wilkinson. But she says she was at a party in another part of London at the time of the murder, and there are twelve people who are ready to swear in court that she was there. So, Poirot and Chief Inspector Japp have to look elsewhere for the killer. At one point, Poirot learns of a letter that may be relevant to the case. The author of the letter lives in America, but Poirot uses wireless communication to get in contact, and to arrange to see the letter. It turns out to be very important to solving the case.

Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö’s Martin Beck series begins with Roseanna. In that novel, a young woman’s body is dredged up from Lake Vättern. There’s no identification, and no-one has reported a missing person who matches that description. Eventually, though, she is identified as twenty-seven-year-old Roseanna McGraw, an American who was touring Sweden at the time she was murdered. At the same time, Lieutenant Elmer Kafka of the Lincoln, Nebraska police is working on Roseanna McGraw’s case from another angle. She’s been reported missing, and he’s trying to locate her. When he and Martin Beck get in contact, they’re able to pool resources and, in the end, get answers to their questions. And it’s all made possible through wireless communication.

Carolina Garcia-Aguilera’s series features Miami-based PI Guadalupe ‘Lupe’ Solano. Her parents moved their family from Cuba to Florida after Fidel Castro’s rise to power. Since that time, the family’s settled into South Florida. But they’ve held on to their Cuban culture. They speak Cuban Spanish, retain their Cuban cultural ways, and so on. And Solano’s father dreams of the time when he and his family can, as he sees it, go home. Because of the relations between the US and Cuba, it’s very difficult to get a lot of reliable information about what’s happening in Cuba. But there are commercial and private radio transmissions, and Solano’s father listens to them constantly. He wants to be completely ready if word comes (as he hopes it will) that Castro is out of power and it’s safe to return to Cuba.

Wireless radio transmission is an essential for communication in areas such as Canada’s Far North, where many places are inaccessible, and where telephones and Internet connections aren’t always possible. We see that use of radio to solve crimes in several books that take place in that part of the world. One of them is M.J. McGrath’s White Heat. In it, we are introduced to Ellesmere Island hunting guide Edie Kiglatuk. She’s a champion guide, so it’s a real shock when one of her clients, Felix Wagner, is fatally shot. His companion, Andy Taylor, claims he’s innocent, and there’s evidence to support him. So, the incident is put down to a tragic accident. Edie isn’t so sure it was an accident, but she knows that if she causes trouble, the local council will revoke her guide license. So, she goes along with this explanation on the surface. But she still has concerns. She contacts Sergeant Derek Palliser, the senior of Ellesmere Island’s native police officers, and shares her misgivings. There’s not much he can do at first, but then, there’s a disappearance. And a suicide that very well could be murder. Now, it’s clear that something very big is going on. Each in a different way, the two sleuths look for answers, and in the end, we learn the truth about these three incidents and how they’re connected. Throughout the novel, we see how wireless radio is used to connect with others and get information.

We may not think about it very often, especially with the prevalence of the Internet and other forms of communication. But international wireless radio has played a really important part in crimes and their solution, but real and fictional. And it still does.

*NOTE: The title of this post is a line from Wall of Voodoo’s Mexican Radio.

Filed under Agatha Christie, Carolina Garcia-Aguilera, M.J. McGrath, Maj Sjöwall, Martin Edwards, Per Wahlöö

Searching For the Truth*

Any writer will tell you that research plays a role (and sometimes a very important role) in creating a quality novel, story, or article. Research can take a person in any number of directions, too; and I’m sure that, if you’re a writer, you’ve got plenty of good ‘research stories’ to share. I know I do.

Research plays a role in crime fiction, too. After all, you never know what research might turn up. And if it’s something that people would rather keep secret, anything might happen.

For instance, in Dorothy L. Sayers’ Gaudy Night, mystery novelist Harriet Vane returns to her alma mater, Shrewsbury College, Oxford, to participate in the school’s Gaudy Dinner and the accompanying festivities. A few months later, she’s asked to go back to Shrewsbury. It seems that several distressing things have been going on at the school, and the administrators don’t want the police involved, if that’s possible. There’ve been anonymous threatening notes, vandalism, and more. Vane agrees, and goes under the guise of doing research for a new novel. In the process, she turns up some things that someone does not want revealed; and it nearly costs her her life. Lord Peter Wimsey joins Vane to help find out the truth, and, together, they discover who and what are behind the disturbing occurrences.

Colin Dexter’s Inspector Morse gets involved in some research in The Wench is Dead. In that novel, he’s laid up with a bleeding ulcer. With not much else to do, he reads a book he’s been given, Murder on the Oxford Canal, about the 1859 murder of Joanna Franks on a canal boat. At the time, two men were arrested, convicted, and executed. But, as Morse reads and considers the case, he begins to believe that those men were not guilty. With help from Sergeant Lewis and Bodleian librarian Christine Greenaway, Morse looks into the case again, and finds out the truth about the long-ago murder.  You’re absolutely right, fans of Josephine Tey’s The Daughter of Time.

Deadly Appearances is the first in Gail Bowen’s series featuring Joanne Kilbourn Shreve. As the series begins, she is an academician and political scientist. So, she’s well aware of the importance and value of research. One afternoon, she attends a community picnic at which her friend, Androu ‘Andy’ Boychuk, is to make an important speech. He’s been selected to lead Saskatchewan’s provincial Official Opposition Party, and has a bright political future ahead of him. Tragically, he collapses and dies just after beginning his speech. It’s soon shown that he was poisoned. Kilbourn grieves the loss of her friend and political ally, and decides to write his biography. The more she researches for the book, the more she learns about Boychuk. And that knowledge leads her to the truth about his murder – and to some real personal danger.

Paddy Richardson’s Rebecca Thorne is a Wellington-based journalist. Her career, of course, involves quite a lot of background research, as any credible story has to be supported. In Cross Fingers, Thorne is working on an exposé documentary about dubious land developer Denny Graham. She’s lined up interviews with people who claim he’s duped them, and she’s been trying to get information from Graham’s people, too, to be as fair as she can. Then, her boss asks her to change her focus, and do a story on the upcoming 30th anniversary of the Springboks’ 1981 tour of New Zealand. At the time, apartheid was still the law of the land in South Africa, and a lot of New Zealanders protested the government’s decision to invite the Springboks. On the other hand, the police needed to keep order, and rugby fans just wanted to see some good matches. The result was a set of violent clashes between protestors and police. Thorne is reluctant to do that story. For one thing, she wants to do her interviews for the Graham story before his victims lose their nerve. For another, she doesn’t see that there’s any new angle on the rugby tour story. Still, her boss insists, and Thorne gets to work. Then, as she does research on the tour, she finds a story of interest. It seems that two dancers dressed as lambs went to several of the games and entertained the fans. Then, they stopped attending. Thorne wants to know what happened to The Lambs, so she starts researching. She learns that one of them was murdered one night, and his killer never caught. The case nags at her, especially when it becomes clear that several people do not want her to find out the truth.

And then there’s Martin Edwards’ Daniel Kind. He’s an Oxford historian whose work gained him not just academic plaudits but also a lot of popular appeal. Burnt out from being a well-known TV personality, Kind moved to the Lake District and more or less dropped out of media sight. He still writes, gives lectures, and so on, though. And he’s still interested in research. His research findings are often very helpful to the Cumbria Constabulary’s Cold Case Review Team, led by DCI Hannah Scarlett. Since her team’s focus is on older cases that are re-opened, she finds Kind’s historical perspective useful and informative. For example, Kind’s research on Thomas de Quincey proves to be key in both The Serpent Pool and The Hanging Wood.

There are other fictional sleuths, too, such as Christine Poulson’s Cassandra James, and Sarah R. Shaber’s Simon Shaw, who do research as a part of their lives. Those skills serve them very well when it comes to sleuthing, too (right, fans of Elly Griffiths’ Ruth Galloway?).

Research skills – knowing how to pose questions, look for information, weigh its value, and come to conclusions – are important in a lot of professions. And they can certainly add to a crime novel.

*NOTE: The title of this post is the title of a song by Edwyn Collins.

Filed under Christine Poulson, Colin Dexter, Dorothy L. Sayers, Elly Griffiths, Gail Bowen, Josephine Tey, Martin Edwards, Paddy Richardson, Sarah R. Shaber


Guest post: God and Time

This is a post from guest blogger Mihir Kansara who examines here how the concept of time may explain whether God governs our universe. Are you prepared?

God and Time

Mihir Kansara

This is a post from guest blogger Mihir Kansara. Mihir writes for Theory of Space Time which covers many aspects of the nature of time. Here, Mihir examines how the concept of time may explain whether God governs our universe.

God and Time

Science is simply a word we use to organise our curiosity. This curiosity is necessary. Without the curiosity of why apple fell downwards we could have never discovered the reason for it. Ever thought why did the apple fall on the first place? Did God do that? The real question would be: Is God governing our universe? The answer to this is with the only unaltered phenomenon – Time.

Let me tell you whatever conclusion that comes out from this, my faith in God is not gonna change. So here it goes.

Everyone loves the fascination and try to find whether GOD exists or not? Let me tell you, He surely does. But does it mean He controls us? Not necessarily!!

The Manhattan Project

The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that produced the first nuclear weapons during World War II. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. Physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos National Laboratory that designed the actual bombs.

Robert Oppenheimer is called the father of that mighty and terrible progeny known as the nuclear bomb. When the first bomb successfully detonated and its mushroom cloud cast its shadow into history, it was not joy that filled the mind of Robert Oppenheimer. As he watched the room around him “some smiled, others cried, most remained pensive” his mind rested on a passage from the Gita. Even with something designed to bring about the end, there was a beginning.

He gave the entire credit to Bhagavad- Gita.

Our ancestors were certainly not mad. Probably much more advanced than us! For those who understand, dhrona means test tube! It was impossible to withstand the power of bhramastra. All this was real and is still.

Bhagavad Gita

The Bhagavad- Gita is considered by eastern and western scholars alike to be among the greatest spiritual books the world has ever known. In a very clear and wonderful way the Krishna describes the science of self-realization and the exact process by which a human being can establish their eternal relationship with God. In terms of pure, spiritual knowledge the Bhagavad- Gita is incomparable.

Examples show that modern physics allows for remarkable transformations of space and time. And apparently, similar ideas are found in Vedic literature.

We find an example in the story of a king named Kakudmi, who was able to travel to the world of Brahma and experience Brahma’s scale of time. Here is the story, as related in the Srimad-Bhagavatam:

Taking his own daughter, Revati, Kakudmi went to Lord Brahma in Brahmaloka, which is transcendental to the three modes of material nature, and inquired about a husband for her. When Kakudmi arrived there, Lord Brahma was engaged in hearing musical performances by the Gandharvas and had not a moment to talk with him. Therefore Kakudmi waited, and at the end of the musical performances he offered his obeisances to Lord Brahma and thus submitted his long-standing desire.

After hearing his words, Lord Brahma, who is most powerful, laughed loudly and said to Kakudmi, “O King, all those whom you may have decided within the core of your heart to accept as your son-in-law have passed away in the course of time. Twenty-seven catur-yugas have already passed. Those upon whom you may have decided are now gone, and so are their sons, grandsons, and other descendants. You cannot even hear about their names.” (Srimad-Bhagavatam 9.3.28-32)

One catur-yuga lasts 4,320,000 years.

Another example from Gita is the story of the brahma-vimohana-lila, or the bewilderment of Brahma by Krishna. Several thousand years ago, Krishna descended to the earth as an avatara and was playing as a young cowherd boy, tending calves in the forest of Vrindavana (south of present-day New Delhi). To test Krishna’s potency, Brahma used mystic power to steal Krishna’s calves and cowherd friends and hide them in suspended animation in a secluded place. He then went away for a year of earthly time to see what would happen.

Krishna responded to Brahma’s trick by expanding Himself into identical copies of the calves and boys. So, when Brahma returned, he saw Krishna playing with the boys and calves just as before. Brahma became bewildered. Checking the boys and calves he had hidden, he found they were indistinguishable from the ones playing with Krishna, and he couldn’t understand how this was possible. Finally Krishna revealed to Brahma that these latter boys and calves were identical with Himself, and He allowed Brahma to have a direct vision of the spiritual world.

Now, it turns out that even though Brahma was absent for one earth year, on his time scale only a moment had passed. The Sanskrit word used here for a moment of time is truti (Srimad-Bhagavatam 10.13.40). There are various definitions of a truti, but the Vedic astronomy text called the Surya-siddhanta defines a truti to be one of a second. If we accept this figure, then one year on earth corresponds to 13,750 of a second in the time of Brahma.

These examples are out of many which state similar results. They say the answer to all the questions are in the Gita.

Let’s take this concept to our main concern – TIME.

Relation with time

So according to this, one year on earth corresponds to 13,750 of a second in the time of Brahma. Why does this happen?

Because he surely doesn’t live in our surrounding space. There is a huge difference in time flow where God lives and where we live. Time flows at different speed in different parts of universe depending on the mass of the surrounding space. The speed with which time is flowing in God’s part of universe is much slower than ours.

Before we understand that why God doesn’t / cannot control us, let us figure out why is God immortal?

God – Relatively immortal

It is now understood that time flows differently in different parts of universe. According to the theory above, our generations might come and go but only a day or so might have passed for God.

Considering the average life span of a human or human type entity to be 80 years, knowing the time difference and its flow in the space, we can understand that the time taken for God to turn 1 year old will be equivalent for our great great great great, probably one more great grand child to even born. If you are reading this and understanding it might not be tough for you to understand about his 80 years then. So frankly speaking he is not immortal. He is living his life in another part of the universe. He will still be alive after probably 100000 years on earth. Well that doesn’t make him immortal. We can say that he is relatively immortal with respect to us.

Does He control us?

Well probably now everything is explained and it is easy to judge that he cannot control us. He doesn’t have time to control us. If our years take only a part of second for him, he certainly cannot tick our wishlist. There is no processing time left where he can work on our prayers. Well that doesn’t mean that he doesn’t exists. We just proved that he is immortal.

There are like a billion questions unanswered like how did God who once lived on earth (as the stories say) and then travelled to a part of universe with such a time flow difference. Well, we will surely together find these answers.

Probably that will be the day when we could finally encounter him. But folks meeting him by going to his place is like forgetting our earth’s time for centuries. Are you prepared?

Article by Mihir Kansara.
Visit Mihir on Theory of Space Time.


ECMO and autoantibody reduction through plasma exchange, experimental therapies not available everywhere, help end an Alabama woman’s five-month medical ordeal.
The research team will measure physical-based outcomes as well as emotional-based outcomes from the therapy.
A UAB study will test whether training to modify care-resistant behavior can improve quality of life for family caregivers of dementia patients.
Michelle Harris came to UAB on maximal life support, unsure if she would live after a rare multisystem autoimmune disease attacked her lungs. Now, she will go home with her eyes on upcoming prom and graduation.
UAB’s Spain Rehabilitation Center celebrates its 50th anniversary with a scientific symposium on traumatic brain injury.
The adult spina bifida clinic, housed in UAB’s Spain Rehabilitation Center, brings the three key specialties together in one place, and can tap into the rest of UAB’s medical expertise as needed.


Dwarf planets

The below table lists the official dwarf planets as currently recognized by the IAU (International Astronomical Union).
For detailed information about one of the dwarf planets, click on its name.

Dwarf planet Today Opposition
designation magn radius delta elong phase date magn radius delta elong phase
Ceres 7.72.56 AU1.86 AU124.4°18.7°31 Jan 20186.92.57 AU1.60 AU166.7°5.1°
Pluto15.133.53 AU33.88 AU68.3°1.6°12 Jul 201814.833.60 AU32.58 AU179.6°0.0°
Makemake17.052.51 AU51.64 AU150.9°0.5°24 Mar 201817.052.51 AU51.64 AU151.2°0.5°
Haumea17.350.51 AU49.72 AU142.3°0.7°14 Apr 201817.350.50 AU49.62 AU151.4°0.5°
Eris18.896.14 AU97.03 AU26.5°0.3°17 Oct 201818.796.10 AU95.12 AU167.9°0.1°

Note that several candidate dwarf planets are known to exist that are not yet officially recognized by the IAU, like for example Orcus, 2002 MS4, Salacia, Quaoar, 2007 OR10 and Sedna.

The current positions of the recognized dwarf planets are plotted in the below all-sky chart:

    delta:      Distance between dwarf planet and earth in AU
    radius:     Distance between dwarf planet and sun in AU
    magn:       Magnitude (brightness) estimate
    elong:      Elongation in degrees (angle sun-earth-dwarf planet)

Orbital elements provided by MPC (Minor Planet Center)
UCAC4 star catalog via VizieR as provided by the Strasbourg astronomical Data Center.


Fibroid expulsion after ufe - are large fibroids cancerous

fibroid expulsion after ufe

fibroid expulsion after ufe different types of fibroid tumors

For my first, it was scheduled to be laparoscopic, but when the surgeon got in there she said she couldn't have gotten it out without shredding my uterus, so she switched to open surgery. Additionally, estrogen affects skeletal growth, skin, fat and protein deposition, and electrolyte balance. Singh SS, Belland L ; Contemporary management of uterine fibroids: focus progesterone for fibroids treatment on emerging medical treatments. A pregnancy test is needed if the procedure is done more than 10 days since the beginning of your last menstrual cycle. Cleanse the body of pollutants and toxins that accumulate from the food we eat, air we breathe and water we drink. Hysterectomy is only recommended for those women can fibroid tumors cause frequent urination who have a very enlarged uterus due to the growth of their uterine fibroids. There are many alternatives for treating these types of fibroids but often they do not need any treatment. Several studies have reported that women who have lower serum levels of vitamin D are more progesterone for fibroids treatment likely to develop uterine fibroids. Thinking that it kinda wasn't good enough and i remained so unwell and pain, I followed up with my private OB who within seconds on my ultrasound said I have a Red Degenatative Fibroid. MRI is another non-invasive procedure which provides images of any possible growths such as fibroids, a possible cause for the menstrual blood clots.

Following her examination, my gynecologist determined the fibroid expulsion after ufe outpatient procedure was no longer necessary as the fibroids had reduced in size and complications no longer existed. Those considering any surgical treatment for uterine fibroids should also get a second opinion from a radiologist qualified to interpret the MRI and determine if they are candidates for that procedure. Surgically removal the fibroids will be done only in the patients who are symptomatic. In many instances repeated swelling of this tissue causes adhesions of fibroid expulsion after ufe bowel or other 6 cm uterine fibroid pelvic organs which can cause mechanical pain, but we are not sure why individuals without adhesions or even major disease can experience debilitating pain. Calcified fibroids are different only because they typically have become larger than the blood supply that was attributed to the growth. During pregnancy, when there are high levels of estrogen in the body, fibroids sometimes grow larger. Most never cause any problems, but others can become painful and cause bleeding. Reduce excessive production of mucus and fluids in uterus which causes enlargement also inhabits mucus producing glands naturally. Other risk factors include early menarche, low parity, late menopause and infertility.
In fibroid expulsion after ufe our case, a combined approach was used considering the confusion in diagnosis, large mass felt through the abdomen and inaccessibility of the pedicle of cervical myoma by a solitary vaginal route.

Lastly, a person with any of the above symptoms could benefit from knowing what their iodine levels are. In the setting of a hysteroscopic myomectomy, the myoma and the tissue surrounding symptoms pressure of fibroids treatment it generally have a uniform resistance, so the current flows in all directions. I didn't want to risk an can fibroid tumors cause frequent urination emergency 6 cm uterine fibroid CS because if the fibroids get accidently cut there is a risk of high blood loss a fantastic read poss hysterectomy.

fibroid expulsion after ufe what are fibroids what are hiccups caused by

fibroids weight gain nhs

Uterine leiomyomas at some stage in pregnancy signs back pain and having no time for exercising. More serious complications are uncommon but can include infection and blood clots. Limit your diet avoiding highly mucus-producing foods, sugar, grapefruit, red meat, iron supplements, and other irritants. Mild pain and light vaginal bleeding are also posterior fundal pedunculated fibroid with this surgical procedure. You will stay in patient recovery for up to 24 hours, depending on how you are feeling and when your IR gives you the okay to go home. She and her team have found that African-American women often exhibit larger fibroids, which entails different treatment options and risks.

are fibroid tumors the same as cysts

Treatment consists of pain medication and possibly medications to stop the contractions. Detoxifying all organs of elimination and reproductive organs, enable them to function better, balance hormones and discourage further growth of fibroid, strengthen the body to start healing itself. In some cases, prescription medications can help to slow the growth of some types of uterine fibroids. For many years gynecologists believed that only submucous fibroids interfered with pregnancy. A symptomatic when the the fibroids are conservative treatment of fibroid uterus in size, symptoms depend up on the size of the fibroids and on the location of the lesions.

will fibroids go away quickly

167 Symptoms resolved in two and remained unchanged in one in spite of prompt treatment. Here comes a table below showing different prices and categories of Fibroids Solution Kits. In the UK in NHS hospitals during 2012-3, there were 30,929 diagnosed with fibroids by hospital consultants. Uterine artery embolization, hysterectomy keeping uterus fibroid treatment without surgery or suffer till menopuse and a couple other options.

red raspberry and uterine fibroids

Some patients with cystic fibrosis have prolonged small intestinal transit times. If you have been diagnosed with large sized uterine tumours, do avoid high impact exercises, especially fitness machines that put excessive pressure on the uterus.Strength training exercises and certain yoga postures like Supported Bridge pose or seated twist yoga pose prove helpful for the muscles and tissues. Instead of damaging the blood supply to the fibroids and uterus, a gynecologist can directly destroy the fibroid tisse. Ultrasonographic examination showed 25 cm fibroid beside the uterus suggesting broad ligament fibroid. This includes the development of nanoparticles capable Common Ailments allows you to choose between diagnosis and assessment of the extent of. When I was breastfeeding my daughter and had a clogged duct, one of the lactation folks at the hospital suggested using a castor oil pack on the part of the breast that was clogged and it fibroid degeneration after pregnancy worked. On the other hand, eating big meals, especially at night, could make it difficult for your stomach to digest. As you have submucosal fibroid and this is a stressful situation to both of you. I also have suffered with migraines since 15 years old and PMS and menopause keeps me with headaches. Fibroid symptoms may include painful or heavy periods, depending on fibroid size and location. Within these two surgical options, OB-GYNs also perform a wide range of surgical techniques with significantly different incision lengths, recovery times, and risk of complications.

herbs best treatment for fibroids in uterus

Fibroids create child bearingand marital problems relating to intercourse due to frequent and excessive bleeding, blood changes associated with menstrual cramps and heavy bleeds and therefore a health condition that requires attention. Parker removed a 20x17x11 cm, almost 4 pound fibroid as well as several smaller ones. The distance of the fibroids from the skin was also fibroids blood in uterus causes into consideration, and a maximum limit of 14 cm was established. Since this is major surgery and only necessary in about 10% of cases, women should be looking towards other ways to combat these conditions including the very effective fibroid natural treatment methods as well as endometriosis natural treatment methods. Anterior Wall Fibroid , basically known as fibroids, are benign tumors which get coded in their uterus. Safety and efficacy of black cohosh and red clover for the management of vasomotor symptoms: a randomized controlled trial.

cell fibroid degeneration red

The advantages of vaginal hysterectomy include shorter hospital stay and recovery time, less pain, lower cost, and no external abdomen scars. Several treatment options, including drugs and surgery, are available if bleeding or other symptoms worsen or if fibroids enlarge substantially. The main concern with a lactating adenoma from the perspective of breast cancer is that the condition can occur simultaneously with breast carcinoma. This is a procedure that I recommend to patients who have a single large way to fibroids during pregnancy that might be very difficult to remove surgically or patients who are not good surgical candidates due to their health.

treatment for uterine fibroids in canada

After UFE, fibroids die in a fibroid ibs symptoms nausea time and become smaller gradually, causing their symptoms to decrease or disappear. The pain typically develops when the bleeding starts and continues for 32 - 48 hours. In 2016, the American Heart Association published a large study that showed that women with endometriosis, especially those that acquire the disease at age 40 or younger, had a risk of heart attack 3 times that of women without endometriosis, and were 1.35 times more likely to need heart surgery or a stent to clear atherosclerotic arteries. These patients then took Iodine Therapy in daily doses ranging from 12.5 mg to 50 mg, and in those with Diabetes, up to 100 mg a day. Elizabeth Farrell: Fibroids usually only grow during the reproductive years so while women are having periods.

how to stop uterine fibroid bleeding between periods

what causes fibroids tumors in the uterus

Women who have this type of surgery tend to gain more weight afterwards than those who have other types of hysterectomy. The third line of defense is the endocrine glands: adrenals, thyroid and pituitary glands. Uterine artery embolization: Embolization is the method through which blood supply is stopped to the fibroid, as a result the fibroid shrinks and dies. So, you can think that difficult to entry 7% groups to be success rid of uterine fibroids forever. Tyrosine assists a sluggish thyroid and can aid the loss of those unwanted pounds. Surgical removal of uterine fibroids is often indicated if they are causing the women to experience significant symptoms that impact on her daily life. Serum concentrations of hemoglobin levels, follicle-stimulating hormone, and liver enzymes were obtained, and endometrial samples, symptoms, and menstrual bleeding were also assessed. For example, if iron deficiency is a cause you need iron supplementation above all treatment options. I am confused on whether or not it is ok to supplement with iodine if you have Hashimoto's. Myomectomy is the surgical removal of the fibroid while preserving the uterus but recurrences are often observed. Many women pass very large clots and have extreme pain with their menstrual cycle as a result. Malignant or cancer change in fibroid, called leiomyosarcoma, is rare, with estimated incidence of 0.2% of uterine fibroids. Also, some of the fibroids may interfere with the placenta development causing miscarriage. My patients have been very enthusiastic about the results they attain through stress reduction fibroids in uterus 2017 Also, very rarely large fibroids may block the flow of urine out of the kidneys and, even more rarely, this can cause kidney damage.

what is a fibroid mass behind uterus

Placental abruption Ongoing studies seem to show that pregnant women with fibroids have a much greater chance of placental abruption than women without fibroids. The ICD-10-CM Alphabetical Index links the below-listed medical terms to the ICD code D25.9. These Chinese herbal remedies introduced in this article are natural and safe to use. I cancelled an appt for an endometrial biopsy, which was a precursor to a hysterectomy. Observation on therapeutic effect of Da Huang Tang combined with uterine artery embolization for treatment of uterine fibroids. Red Raspberry is during fibroids pregnancy uterine nutrient packed herb that holds inside it minerals like magnesium, calcium, iron, potassium and phosphorous.


Amazon boss Bezos' Blue Origin test success, rocket lands safe

The New Shepard rocket test-fired by Amazon boss Bezos Blue Origin was a huge suceess on Wednesday, giving a major push for tourism in the space..

Amazon boss Bezos

The much awaited launch of the Amazon owner and billionaire Jeff Bezos’ space venture, Blue Origin turned out to be huge success.

The maiden flight of the rocket launcher from the Blue Origin's launch pad in Van Horn, Texas, desert pad on Wednesday was able to make an early separation during the ascent. The success will now give a new momentum for more trips to space by tourists, said officials of Blue Origin.

Giving cheers to all a motor embedded in the capsule led the rocket to a parachute back to the ground.

The test used the New Shepard rocket for take-off from the site, amid much expectation from all.

“We’ve already tested our pusher escape system, including many ground tests and a successful pad escape test, but this upcoming flight will be our toughest test yet. We’ll intentionally trigger an escape in flight and at the most stressing condition: maximum dynamic pressure through transonic velocities,” said Bezos, who pumped millions into the project, before the launch of the rocket.

The rocket booster that will carry the flight into space has successfully made four landings and crossed the boundary between mother Earth's atmosphere and outer space, said the officials.

But, it will be destroyed during the launch on Wednesday said Bezos, earlier adding that it cannot survive the impact and intensity of such a massive test.

Blue Origin aims to carry tourists to outer space in coming years and this test flight will be one of the experiments to prove the safety of the passengers during the take-off.

The scheduled take off of the rocket was postponed to Wednesday due to bad weather, said the company on Tuesday,
however, it is likely that the rocket may explode during the take-off say experts.