Carl Lewis and Florence Griffith Joyner, both multiple gold medalists at the Seoul Olympics, closed the 1988 track and field season with easy 100-meter victories Saturday night in heavy rain at the Toshiba International Super Meet.

Griffith-Joyner, who won three golds and a silver at South Korea, got a flying start in her shocking pink one-legged outfit with a shimmering black bikini bottom. She won the 100 meters in 10.91 seconds, well outside her world record 10.49 but far ahead of Olympic silver medalist Evelyn Ashford (11.14) and East German Marlies Goehr (11.30).Lewis had been slated to run against Ben Johnson before the Canadian was disqualified from the Olympics and banned from track and field for failing a drug test in Seoul. Lewis breezed to victory in 10.09 seconds, ahead of fellow American Dennis Mitchell, fourth in the Olympic final.

Lewis, who also won the long jump gold and the 200 meters silver in Seoul, was responsible for the first of the two false starts, and was down after 20 meters, but won easily.

Griffith Joyner was a meter ahead after only 20 meters, but Ashford closed the gap briefly. The Olympic champion then accelerated away in the rain.

She presented Goehr with a bouquet after the race to mark the East German's retirement after a 12-year career.

Both Lewis and Griffith-Joyner were greeted like rock stars by the crowd, which braved five hours of driving rain and a largely mediocre meet to see them run in the last two events of the night.

Olympic 110-meter hurdles champion Roger Kingdom of the United States ended his season with a victory over Olympic silver medalist Colin Jackson of Britain and bronze medalist Tonie Campbell of the United States in a repeat of the Olympic final finish.

Conditions were so bad at the National Stadium, built for the 1964 Olympic Games and site of the 1991 World Championships, that the pole vault competition was cancelled. The hammer cage was dismantled as soon as that event ended, and the high jump, long jump and triple jump runways were continually rolled to make the approaches safe.

The meet, the final major event of the season, had been in doubt all week because of the weather and because of Emperor Hirohito's illness.

The meet featured 16 Olympic gold medalists - although Sergei Bubka's pole vault was scrapped - and a total of 77 athletes from 23 countries who won a total of 56 medals in Seoul.

About 35,000 fans, half the capacity, sat under umbrellas beneath heavy grey skies.

"Rain? It was like swimming out there," said Patrik Sjoberg, who beat Olympic champion Gennadiy Avdeenko of the Soviet Union in the high jump. "It was dangerous to run too fast in the conditions and I only took a five step run-up instead of eight."


Frontiers reaches 6.4 on Journal Impact Factors

Front. Public Health, 11 August 2015 |

Changing healthcare policies: implications for income, education, and health disparity

  • 1Department of Economics, Rutgers University Camden, Camden, NJ, USA
  • 2Center for Children and Childhood Studies, Rutgers University Camden, Camden, NJ, USA
  • 3Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
  • 4Division of Federal-State Cooperative Programs, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Philadelphia, PA, USA

The economic pie has seen growth, despite the recessions of the past decade, and has resulted in an increase in the total income level. At the same time, increasing national healthcare spending due to the high costs of medical research and development paired with a growing and aging population has become prevalent in most nations. Healthcare costs (HCs) are a significant factor that influences the current and future government budget allocations. These HCs are generating major problems for welfare systems in both the short and long term.

Income disparity has become a major issue in the past decade (13). Ettner (4) shows that increased income levels improve mental and physical health, and Wildman (5) theoretically proves the relationship between the income differential and health disparity (4, 5). Also, Liu et al. (6) document the health inequality implications of the increasing gap in income and healthcare utilization (6). Apart from income, education also has a positive effect on healthcare consumption and health status (7). Literature shows that increase in education enhances health capital. However, there is no clear discussion on the systematic relationship between the health educational differential and income level with health disparity (8).

This paper demonstrates how health education and income differentials affect health status thus creating health disparity.

Under the government health insurance programs: Medicare, Medicaid, and State Child Health Insurance (SCHIP), which are designed to ameliorate unequal access to healthcare services caused by income inequality, governments tried to initiate programs that caped rising healthcare expenditures. The government partially implemented a policy change that switched from a cost-based reimbursement system, the fee-for-service system (FFS), to a capitation scheme (CS). In the US, there was a private and government oriented mixed financing system that caused the emergence of managed care plans, e.g., HMO, PPO, POS, etc. The policies addressed the efficiency of resource allocation and have decreased expenditures without affecting healthcare services utilization. The FFS payments include co-insurance with deductibles, exclusions and limits on covered benefits, and lifetime spending caps. The CS generally includes co-payments, sometimes with deductibles, and/or spending utilization caps.

The recent economic downturn has caused a sharp decrease in employer-provided health insurance benefits. The U.S. has a mixed healthcare system that has left a large portion of the population uninsured or underinsured. This leads to racial and socioeconomic driven healthcare access disparities, which are strongly associated with health outcome inequalities (2). As discussed earlier, the U.S. implements a mixed healthcare system where citizens can receive insurance privately or from the government. Medicaid is provided for low-income individuals by state governments, and Medicare is made available to retired citizens and is financed by the federal government. There are two parts to Medicare benefits: (1) a hospital insurance plan and (2) a physician insurance plan. State governments also fund the SCHIP, which was designed to reduce the number of children without adequate health insurance coverage for low-income families that do not qualify to receive Medicaid.

Theoretical Framework: Diagrammatic Presentation

Assume that a society consists of two identical individuals. One individual’s preferences or consumption does not enter another individual’s utility function and preferences are not necessarily homothetic. Their demand functions are homogeneous of the degree 0 in income and prices. The relative prices of goods affect their consumption combination through changes in the production mix. The general increase in price level does not change the consumption bundle because of relative pricing. Both individuals produce health and a composite good, and both their income levels vary by health status. The efficient production set is non-linear, and their capital–labor ratios are different. Health as a good is relatively more capital intensive than composite goods. Also, there are no externalities in production.

Focusing on Quadrant I in Figure 1, the H(ED1) curve is derived from the marginal rates of transformation of the efficient production sets of Health (H) and composite goods (O), given the level of resources and technology (H/O). Both production functions H and O have constant returns but different capital–labor ratios along a non-linear efficient production set. A relative price of both goods rises along H(ED1) such that the unique price ratio of goods H and O equals the marginal rate of substitution. The H curve becomes vertical at the maximum level of relative consumption of H/O; it is steeper with a larger production of Health relative to the composite good due to the initial capital endowment.

Figure 1. Graphical representation of the effect of income and education on various health disparity indicators.

We assume that as a function of H/O, the demand or choice of the combination of health and composite goods in the private sector is affected by a change in the relative prices. For healthcare production efficiency on the EF curve in Quadrant IV, there are two ways to evaluate efficiency: efficient resource allocation and efficiency of technological development to deliver healthcare services. The EF line shows that a decrease in health status, which moves health status from HS2 toward the origin (HS3) on Health Status horizontal line, increases HCs from HC2, HC1 to HC3. Efficiency of healthcare service production in Quadrant IV (EF line), which shows a negative and non-linear relationship between health status (HS) and HCs, does not affect the H/O level.

An increase in health education shifts the H line from H(ED1) to H(ED2) and raises health status from HS1 to HS2. The health educational effect goes from Quadrant VI through to Quadrant III. An increase in health status reduces HCs from HC1 to HC2 and reduces the government subsidy for an individual from GS1 to GS2 in Quadrant III through the RE. The RE in this quadrant indicates the reimbursement rate of the government to healthcare service providers. A rise in RE rotates this line toward the HC axes thus making it a steeper line.

Quadrant II shows that a more health-educated individual needs less government subsidy. The subsidy correspondingly declines from GS1 to GS2, because people with a higher level of education tend to lead healthier life styles. Better health-educated people utilize health and other market inputs, and their own time to produce a greater health output. An increase in health education, coupled with the improvement in health status and human capital, positively impacts the H/O level from d to d′ in Quadrant II. This increase would greatly benefit the society.

Another critical rationale on Figure 1, a decrease in income level would pivot the health status curve H from H(Y1) to H(Y2). Opposite results can be drawn for the EF and RE curves, in Quadrants IV and III, respectively. At the lower health level H(S3) due to a decrease in income H/O will be at y, implying that lower income will induce a lower level of health status. The reduction in income level will tend to decrease the availability/accessibility of healthcare services and in turn lower health stock. Thus, HCs inefficiently rise from HC1 to HC3 along the axis in Quadrant IV, and the government subsidy would rise from G(S1) to G(S3) with given y level of H/O. This situation is analogous to an increase in income tax.

Results and Discussion

The data used in this study are sourced from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) of 2013, a collaborative survey administered by every state in the United States. The BRFSS, an ongoing surveillance system designed to measure behavioral risk factors for the non-institutionalized population, is overseen and supported by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Some of the factors tracked by the BRFSS include substance abuse, HIV/AIDS prevention, physical activity, immunization, health status, preventive care, sleep, cholesterol and hypertension awareness and prevention, fruit and vegetable consumption, as well as various socioeconomic information. The original sample contained ~500,000 observations. After careful cleaning and application of age constraints (e.g., 18–64 years old), 24,300 observations remained.

The previous discussion in Theoretical Framework: Diagrammatic Presentation implies an increase in education or health education raises general health, namely health stock, in the long run. This shift in health stock will decrease the use of healthcare services, thus reducing healthcare costs. We used statistics method of ordinary least squares and paired its results with the elasticity concept in health economic theory. We found that a 1% increase in health education will lead to a certain percent increase in healthy days. Our estimation shows a 10% increase in education corresponds to a decrease in poor healthy physical and mental days by 24.3% (≈−2.64 × 4.85/5.27)10, which is {[coefficient of education × (mean of education/mean of poor healthy days)] × 10}. This shift from HS1 to HS2 is visually depicted in Quadrant I of Figure 1. We also evaluated the effect of education on physician visits. An increase in education by 10% lowers physician visits per year by 3.60% (≈−8.32 × 0.22/5.08)10, which is {[coefficient of physician visits × (mean of education/mean of physician visits)] × 10}. This decrease in physician visits decreases overall HCs, the shift from HC1 to HC2 is shown in Quadrant IV of Figure 1.

Both general and health education increases a person’s ability to read health information and understand preventative measures, thus increasing health stock (9). The results are consistent with our theoretical hypothesis, which is presented in Figure 1. In addition to education, income plays a role in a person’s general health. For example in Quadrant I, our study illustrates that a decrease in income by a 10% causes a decrease in mental and physical healthy days from HS1 to HS3 by 13.0% (≈−1.23 × 5.59/5.27)10, which is {[coefficient of healthy days × (mean of income/mean of healthy days)] × 10}. This income decrease also increases the number of physician visits per year by 12.3% (≈0.112 × 5.59/5.08)10, which is {[coefficient of income × (mean of income/mean of physician visits)] × 10}, and is shown in the movement from HC1 to HC3 in Quadrant IV. Estimates show that, in an optimal case, a healthy person visits their physician once or twice per year.

The concentration index [CI] is implemented in this study to measure health inequality (10). The index ranges between 0 and 1. A low index indicates more equality or equal distribution, while a high index indicates more disparity or unequal distribution. Our results show that the financial burden of healthcare falls disproportionately on the unhealthy segment of the population, i.e., health disparity (CI = 0.48). This can be explained by the fact that people with poor health also excessively visit the doctor, as shown in CI of the physician visit sector (CI = 0.26).

As stated previously, health education increases a person’s ability to obtain, process, and understand the basic health knowledge and information needed to make appropriate health decisions. Limited health knowledge is an enormous cost burden on government healthcare systems and increases the risk of errors in medication, patient compliance, and treatment.

Healthcare financing has a significant impact on health inequality. Healthcare costs/expenses are major obstacles for healthcare accessibility. It is imperative to develop a public healthcare financing system for the population that promotes equality. A recent increase in healthcare costs can be traced to an increase in access disparity. It is already known that worsening economic factors such as decreasing income are debilitating for the health of population.

The education variable in this study supports the hypothesis that formal and informal health education will lead to a more healthy population in the long run. In the short run, government led preventive care is a viable option that should be explored. It is essential for policy makers to make healthcare more affordable and accessible in order to reduce general healthcare inequality and lessen the overall healthcare-cost burden.

Conflict of Interest Statement

We greatly acknowledge the research support provided by the Centers for Global Advancement and International Affairs [#5-35042], and Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey, [#202089], U.S.A. The views presented here are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the funding agency nor those of their affiliated institutions.

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Keywords: income effect, education effect, health disparity

Citation: Yamada T, Chen C-C, Naddeo JJ and Harris JR III (2015) Changing healthcare policies: implications for income, education, and health disparity. Front. Public Health 3:195. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2015.00195

Received: 16 June 2015; Accepted: 27 July 2015;
Published: 11 August 2015

Edited by:

Mihajlo Jakovljevic, University of Kragujevac, Serbia

Reviewed by:

Mihajlo Jakovljevic, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
Klazien Matter-Walstra, University of Basel, Switzerland

*Correspondence: Tetsuji Yamada,


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Over the last two decades, the conceptualisation and empirical analysis of mobilities of people, objects and symbols has become an important strand of social science. Yet, the increasing importance of mobilities in all parts of the social does not only happen as observable practices in the material world but also takes place against the background of changing discourses, scientific theories and conceptualisations and knowledge. Within the formation of these mobilities discourses, the social sciences constitute a relevant actor. Focussing on mobility as an object of knowledge from a Foucauldian perspective rather than a given entity within the historical contingency of movement, this book asks: How do discourses and ideologies structure the normative substance, social meanings, and the lived reality of mobilities? What are the real world effects of/on the will and the ability to be mobile? And, how do these lived realities, in turn, invigorate or interfere with certain discourses and ideologies of mobility?
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At the Very Edges of Your Fingertips

At the Very Edges of Your Fingertips

Hidhir Razak

THESE ARE THE textures that bring my days to life: the rough scratch of denim, the downy caress of bed linen, the sturdy, tepid plastic of the overhanging handle grips swinging above me in the MRT trains, the embossed covers of old, weathered books I have read over and over and over again. My hands have become so used to the daily exercise of reaching for and using things, the pushing and pulling of brassy door handles, the dancing of fingers across silicone computer keys, the cold press of metal lift buttons against my thumbs. Every few hours, I run my fingers through my hair, a nervous habit that began way back in primary school. Sometimes, without conscious thought or consideration, I abandon my eating utensils in favour of my fingers, surrendering to the urge to lightly pinch the greasy, crispy tips of chicken drumlets, or the bready edges of pizza crusts.

My fingers dance across the keyboard pretty regularly.

Our lives are full of these textures; tactile sensations we feel every single day but no longer pay attention to, no longer find fascinating, these plethora of pricklings and tinglings the skin feels, the nerves detect, but our thoughts and minds no longer register as anything extraordinary. Familiarity has bred indifference and routine has rendered dull our immediate, physical world. This unapparent disconnect has removed from our awareness one of the key methods through which we interact, know, and explore the world around us.

I am guilty of this. I suspect many of us are.

Somewhere along the way, I have reduced my sense of touch to a limited pool of vague adjectives, to a nearly meaningless list of descriptive words like rough and smooth, hot and cold, hard and soft. Every once in a while, something is sandy, or sharp, or wet. Most of the time, something is dirty or full of germs, and so I keep my hands back, safe and secure in my pockets, or locked securely around my elbows. In economizing what we choose to touch and feel with our skin, we are preventing ourselves from immersing wholeheartedly into this strange realm we call reality.

Nothing quite like the crunch of dead leaves against black soil greeting you with every step.

When I was younger, my grandparents kept a small garden at the back of their house. They grew flowering bushes, herbs, and miniature fruit trees. Spending time in their garden was a pleasure for me, and a huge part of my memories of that garden was that of me going from plant to plant gently running my fingers through their leaves and flowers. There was one leaf that felt furry, and another that was waxy. A particularly insidious bush hid thorns under its pretty, pink flowers. This other bush had flowers that felt like soft wrapping paper. Sure, my fingertips smarted from some of the thorns I couldn’t avoid and dirt trapped itself underneath my fingernails from when I helped to weed the small plot of land. Once, I was convinced that the spines of a cactus are not as sharp as they looked but I learnt very quickly that little boys are often very wrong about things. I learnt that grass was often wet, that mud was harmless but hard to wash off from clothes, that good soil was soft and moist and crumbled easily. It was only later that the inconveniences of my tactile explorations of the world slowly got to me; the thorough scrubbing of my hands afterwards, the stained shorts and t-shirts I loved to wear, the ointments and creams my mother insisted on for my cuts. Slowly, I was weaned out of my need to explore and learn with my fingers and was instead put on a steady diet of learning through instruction and observation.

This process happened so gradually that it was a startling realisation for me, now, that I have since come to rely on my eyes to distinguish one texture from another, reserving my fingers for surfaces and objects that are firmly within the ordinary, the normal, the thoroughly safe and docile.

I can’t remember the last time I touched a leaf with my fingers.

Statues like this one are commonly found at tourist sites around the world. The parts of the statue gleaming a bright bronze, such as the fingers and knees in this picture, are caused by visitors touching them with their bare hands.

I am not advocating for people to go out and start touching the plants and bushes we have lining our roads. I am not asking anyone to grab fistfuls of dirt and rejoice to the high heavens at our ability to tell hard from soft, smooth from rough, hot from cold. I am not encouraging you to go out and do anything. I myself prefer indoor activities. What would be nice, however, is if the next time you find yourself lounging by the beach, you stop for a moment to trace shapes in the sand, to take the time to let the dusty grains flow gently through the spaces between your fingers, to notice how one type of sand builds a sturdier sandcastle than another. The next time you find yourself at the park, maybe a bit of mud or dirt on your shin isn’t the apocalypse. The next time you buy roses, brush your knuckles against the plush petals and ever so gently graze the pointed tips of their thorns with your fingernails, or where their thorns might have been had diligent florists not removed them. When eating finger food like sticky kuehs and buttery mini-sandwiches, put away the spindly plastic fork. Using clean fingers to plop them into your mouth shouldn't be so disturbing a notion. Allow yourself to feel the moment with your skin. To enjoy the abundance of sensations the world has to offer.

Your fingers could tell you well in advance just how crusty your toast is.

The skin is the largest organ in the human body. It serves multiple purposes, and our sense of touch is just one among the many, many important functions it provides. Yet we often forget about it, so integral it is to our daily experience. In the desert, one does not remark on sand. We use it to tell temperature, to gauge comfort, to choose ripened avocados. To touch the skin of another person is to signal intimacy. To be careless with it is to experience pain, to cause injury, to scar, to expose our bodies to illness and infection. But it is one thing to relinquish indulging our sense of touch out of fear. It is another entirely to do so out of apathy. To suppress our tactile curiosity out of indifference is to further disconnect ourselves unconsciously from our world.

Must. Pet. Repeatedly.

So the next time an opportunity presents itself, when you are out collecting seashells by the beach, or playing with your cat, or maybe even just browsing books at the library, remember to pay attention to the brush of sea foam against your toes, the silky tug of fur against your fingers, or the way paper sliding against paper leaves your fingertips hungry for the next turn of the page. The world is yours, to love and to hold, to experience, to explore, right there, at the very edges of your fingertips.

©2011-2014 All rights reserved, unless otherwise stated.


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[06/17/16 - 11:23 PM]
Development Update: Friday, June 17
By The Futon Critic Staff (TFC)

AMERICAN CRIME STORY (FX) - Sarah Paulson will return for season two of the anthology series, which "will tell of the American response to Hurricane Katrina." No details about her character were given. (Deadline.com)
INFAMOUS, THE (A&E) - The cable channel has passed on the drama pilot, set in the 1990s and revolving around two complicated men on a collision course: an ambitious reformed gangster poised to break out of South Central (Bokeem Woodbine) and the LAPD detective hell-bent on taking him down (Jason O'Mara). It may be shopped elsewhere. (Deadline.com)
MASTER OF NONE (Netflix) - Co-creator/showrunner Alan Yang has signed a two-year overall deal with producer Universal Television. (THR.com)
MASTERS OF SEX (Showtime) - Alysia Reiner, Jeremy Strong and Ashley Zukerman are all bound for the new season. Reiner will play Anita, "outspoken, attractive, hyper-confident, in a Gloria Steinem way in her early days - she leads a feminist empowerment group and challenges Libby (Caitlin FitzGerald) to raise her consciousness as a woman in the late 60s." Strong then is Art, "a psychologist from the Kinsey Institute brought in to be Johnson's new partner in the expanding practice. He's smart, gregarious and open, creating a refreshing frankness in his and Virginia's partnership"; with Zukerman as new clinic patient Gary Diebold, "a tightly wound man upset that he no longer seems to pleasure his wife. Raised to be a gentleman, he just can't understand why she wants him to be less gentle in the bedroom." (Deadline.com)
SHADES OF BLUE (NBC) - Margaret Colin has signed onto the show's sophomore run as Matt Wozniak (Ray Liotta)'s wife Linda. She'll take over from Lolita Davidovich, who is departing the series "due to scheduling conflicts." (TVLine.com)
SNOWFALL (FX) - Dave Andron has been tapped to serve as showrunner on the potential drama as part of a two-year overall deal with FX Productions. Andron already spearheaded a rewrite of the pilot script with Adil El Arbi and Bilall Fallah (Black) slated to helm the reshoots. (Deadline.com)

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Skull: Superior View

In the superior view, the skull appears to be quite simple in structure. The only important features on the superior view of skull are:

Coronal suture:

It is formed where the frontal bone articulates with the two parietal bones. Occasionally, the two halves of the frontal bone fail to fuse, leaving a midline metopic suture.

Sagittal suture:

It is formed where the two parietal bones articulate with each other in the midline.


The Three-Dimensionalisation of Giotto’s 13th-century Assisi Fresco: Exorcism of the Demons at Arezzo

Giotto’s thirteenth-century fresco Exorcism of the Demons at Arezzo in the Church of San Francesco in Assisi is often referred to as marking the transition from the flattened medieval Byzantine ritualised image to the more spatially realistic perspectives of the Renaissance proper.

medievalverse magazine


Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology: v. 2: Memory and Cognitive Processes


Mining Bitcoin Using Old Computers and Retro Gaming Consoles

One bitcoin fanatic has completed just that some instances with older computers. Ken Shirriff is well-known in the bitcoin network for his work on getting the Bitcoin image added to Unicode. Shirriff also has a popular weblog wherein writes approximately his initiatives and how he has mined bitcoins the use of popular gadgets from the past. Just these days Shirriff has been operating on a Xerox Alto recovery and managed to get the seventies constructed pc to mine bitcoins at 1.5 hashes/2nd. The Xerox Alto is a famous computer traditional that changed into the first tool to support a graphical user interface (GUI) in 1973.

Top Theto
I coded up the essential hash set of rules in BCPL (the old programming language utilized by the Alto) and determined that although the mining algorithm ran, the Alto was so gradual that it might often take the life of the universe to successfully mine bitcoins.The laptop’s 1.5 blocks per second are extensively slower than the chips used nowadays. Shirriff details the Xerox Alto’s speed might take “5000 times the age of the universe” to mine one block. For demonstration purposes, Shirriff used the center of a successfully extracted block to see if the set of rules succeeded. Shirriff’s code is to be had on Github for folks who would like to attempt out Xerox Alto mining.

Image result for computer
Mining Bitcoin Using Old Computers and Retro Gaming ConsolesRetro Miner created a Bitcoin miner with a 1985 NES and a Raspberry Pi.Lastly, another neat undertaking is another pretty sluggish miner constructed in 2013 out of a 1985 Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). The author of the NES mining device became joking around with his pal approximately mining bitcoins with an 8-bit game console. Well, he took that as a task and constructed a Nintendo that communicated with the network and executed SHA256 hashing. For different quantities of the project, he did need a Raspberry Pi for computing that did now not take location at the NES.
“SHA256 hashing uses many 32-bit operations, and the 6502 within the NES is an 8-bit CPU,” explains the retro miner creator. “Initially I concept this would be a significant challenge, however with some adjustments, I got an open implementation of SHA256 to bring together to a 6502 goal the use of the cc65 compiler.”
ASIC Producers Don’t Need to Worry About Retro Miners
Obviously, these kinds of tasks won’t be mass followed to mine immoderate quantities of bitcoins like ASICs due to the fact it would take many lifetimes to locate one block the usage of an unfashionable tool. However even though looking an older laptop or gaming console mine bitcoins is remarkable slow it’s fascinating to peer that those devices are like minded with the Bitcoin network.Areas Of Misuse Of Computers And The Internet – Computer Misuse ActYou should already be acquainted with statistics [data: information without context, for instance, a list of students with serial numbers, is data. When these figures represent the placement in a 100-meter race, the data becomes information] and laptop misuse [the data stored electronically is easier to access]; with software [software: a general term used to describe an application or program], which might not be reproduced without permission. The outcomes lead to Software piracy [piracy: the acquisition, benefit from the use or making changes to copyright material without prior authorization]; and hacking, and might cause data corruption; unintentional or planned.
Types of Computer Misuses
Misuse of computer systems and verbal exchange may be in one of a kind paperwork:
Misuse of facts and unauthorized switch or replica
Copying and distribution of copyright software program, track, and film
This additionally applies to the reproduction of song and films to circulate on the Internet with out the copyrights [copyright: Indicates the creator of an original piece of work and controller of the publication, distribution, and adaptation] authorization holder. This is a sizeable misuse of each computer and the Internet that overlooks the copyrights policies and policies.
A large a part of indecent material and pornography is to be had through the Internet and may be saved in electronic shape. There had been several cases of materials which are categorized as illegal, or that unlawful display acts discovered stored on computer systems, liable to prosecution for ownership of those materials.


Guide on How to Write an Autobiography of Myself

What Is an Autobiography?

There are some who believe that autobiographies are waste of time since they are a biased narrative of events and are heavily influenced by someone’s inaccurate memory.

Autobiographies are usually incomplete since they only cover the important events of a person and those that the person remembers the most.

How Do You Start an Autobiography?

Writing a biography of yourself

writing autobiography free worksheet

When you begin to write the story, never forget to describe the setting in a manner that the reader will be able to feel like actually being there. Don’t be too dramatic or ramble in your introduction. Just make sure that you are able to catch the reader’s attention with your first line.

Let the story flow out of you. Make sure that it does not run all over the place and that it is leading somewhere. Never skip over important facts in your story and conclude your story with a bang. After drafting, editing is the next task you have in store. Some tips in editing that you can consider include:

  • Reading the piece over the over again
  • Check if the dialogues are placed in appropriate locations
  • Include vivid and descriptive details
  • Make the storytelling interesting by going non-chronological
  • Make sure to embed your personality in your writing

If you are having a hard time on how to start an autobiography, you can choose the help of the experts. Hire autobiography help to make it a lot easier on your part.

What Are the Main Differences Between Biography and Autobiography?

Biographies and autobiographies are usually interchanged. These terms confuse people but the difference between the two is actually simple. It is literally due to the point of view of the storyteller.

Writing autobiography

A biography is a narrative of a life story of a person told from the perfective of another person. On the other hand, an autobiography is a narrative of a person written by that same person. Another difference is that most autobiographies are incomplete considering the person writing it is still alive and has lots more of stories to tell while biographies are usually completed and concluded.

Learning how to write a short autobiography is easy given the existence of the online world and its abundant content. You can also easily search sites and accounts of popular bio creator and learn from there.

Are you pondering on “how to write an autobiography of myself”? Think no more and avail of our help today!


Level Of Fish Consumption

Are you benefiting from Eating Fish?

Diagnose your symptoms now!
  • let The Analyst™ find what's wrong
  • see your health summarized and in detail
  • have a doctor review your case (optional)
In the Food Intake section of the questionnaire, The Analyst™ will ask the following question about level of fish consumption:
How many servings of fish do you eat on average per month? A serving is about the size of a tennis ball, or half a cup (125ml).
Possible responses:
→ None / rarely / don't know
→ One
→ Two
→ Three to four
→ Five or more

What does this tell us?

Based on your response, which may indicate not eating cold water fish, low cold water fish consumption, moderate cold water fish consumption or high cold water fish consumption, The Analyst™ is able to consider possibilities such as:
EFA (Essential Fatty Acid) Type 3 Requirement

More salmon for consumption are now raised in captivity than caught in the wild.  These fish are fed corn meal, soy and canola oil.  When the fish are fed these foods, the concentration of their fats turns far away from the ideal beneficial 3:1 omega-6 to omega-3 ratio and turns closer to the 20:1 found in commercially-raised beef.  This means that salmon raised in salt water pens contain substantially less omega-3 oil than wild salmon, and can no longer be considered a good source of omega-3 essential fatty acids unless clearly identified as 'wild caught'.  Also, pigments are added to the artificially-raised salmon to ensure a pink color. [Seattle Times, September 02, 2001]

Mercury Toxicity (Amalgam Illness)

Although mercury occurs naturally in the environment, of bigger concern is the mercury that is released into the air through industrial pollution.  When mercury falls from the air into water, it is converted into "methylmercury" by bacteria in the water.  Methylmercury accumulates in streams and oceans where it is absorbed by fish as they feed in these waters.  Mercury levels are highest in older, larger predatory fish.  Larger predatory fish accumulate high levels of mercury by eating smaller fish (that contain mercury) who have eaten even smaller fish (that contain mercury).

Nearly all fish and shellfish contain trace amounts, but some fish contain much more, depending on how big they are, how long they live, what they eat, and where they were caught.  According to an FDA survey, the fish with the highest average levels of mercury are, in order:

Highest levels of mercury (at least 1 part per million): tilefish (golden bass or golden snapper), shark, swordfish, king mackerel; Mid-levels of mercury (around 12 part per million): grouper, orange roughy, marlin, Spanish mackerel, tuna.

... and also reduce your risk factors for:
Alzheimer's Disease

Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh announced in August, 2012 that eating fish regularly appears to boost the size and health of the brain's neurons, and that people who eat grilled or baked fish (but not fried or dried fish) at least once a week are up to five times less likely to develop Alzheimer's Disease than those who do not consume fish.

However, the most effective ways to reduce risk of developing dementia are eating a healthy diet including fruit and vegetables, taking regular exercise, and giving up smoking.

Concerned or curious about your health?  Try The Analyst™
Symptom Entry
Symptom Entry
Full Explanations
Optional Doctor Review
Review (optional)


Manufacturing Engineer / Metallurgist
at Altra Industrial Motion

Date Posted: 3/26/2018

Job Description

TB Wood's, Inc., an Altra Industrial Motion Company, is hiring for a Manufacturing Engineer / Metallurgist for the Chambersburg, PA location.  This position is full-time.

Job summary:

The manufacturing engineer / metallurgist will design, measure, analyze, improve, set controls and standardize manufacturing processes in the foundry. These activities will be performed with the involvement of process owners and operators.

Duties and Responsibilities

Responsible for material evaluation including; daily coordination of material testing; data collection, verification, retention and retrieval; result analysis and reporting; ensure proper functioning and calibration of test equipment and data acquisition software.

 Audit the iron melting, alloying, pouring, shakeout, heat treat and other related processes daily. Raise a concern and document when abnormalities are found. Take corrective action or elevate the issue so that the process returns to standard quickly.

 Review production defects daily and provide expert guidance on cause and effect relationships resulting from iron composition, properties, microstructure, solidification and testing. Use the scientific method to prove or disprove root cause determinations.

 Identify, measure and reduce process variation by implementing effective administrative or engineering controls. Utilize and improve standard work and job instruction.

 Review furnace vital signs with the melt supervisor. Participate in furnace relining process.

 Work with maintenance and the melt supervisor in planning and justifying capital expenditures.

 Provide gate and riser design and utilize solidification software when necessary.

 Actively support the needs of production personnel.

 Lead and/or actively participate in problem-solving and Kaizen activities

Job Requirements

Structured, root cause problem-solving

Excellent written and verbal communication. Ability to simply explain complex topics.

Excellent user of MS Office

Positive teamwork orientation

Fundamental understanding of lean principles

BS in Metallurgical Engineering or Material Science

4 years’ experience working in a manufacturing operation; iron sand cast foundry preferred.

Demonstrated leadership skills resulting in measured improvement and sustainability.

Must be able to periodically work with the second and third shifts.

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Introduction – Electronegativity

by Adam Le Gresley, PhD

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    00:02 In the previous lecture, we talked about the affinity of nuclear positive charge for electrons.

    00:10 We talked about it in the context of ionic bonding and we also talked about it in the context of covalent bonding. And this relates to the Pauling scale that we alluded to earlier as well.

    00:23 Here is just a quick revision of that scale. If you look at the periodic table representation shown here on the board, you’ll see that the increase in electronegativity follows an increase in atomic number running from group I to Group VII and that increase in electronegativity is associated with the smallest number of shells running from the highest period to the lowest.

    00:49 Large atoms have a low affinity because the electrons are a long way from a positive nucleus.

    00:56 The core electrons shield the outer electrons from the nuclear charge. And, going across the periodic table, the affinity for bonding electrons increases because nuclear charge increases without a significant change in the distance of the electrons from the nucleus.

    01:16 And this is okay in explaining how we observe bond polarisation in covalent bonds and also where we see ionic bonds forming.

    01:26 Fluorine is the most electronegative atoms with a value of 4.0 on the Pauling scale.

    01:34 And remember that Group 18, or Group 8 depending on your periodic table elements, do not react: they are the noble gases and therefore their shells are already full and they are unreactive.

    01:47 All other elements have smaller values on the Pauling scale. And in bonds between atoms of different elements, the bonding electrons can be shared unequally.

    01:58 Let’s have a look for example at carbon bonded to oxygen. Note I’ve shown you a sigma bonding: a single carbon-to-oxygen bond.

    02:09 If we look at the individual values on the Pauling scale for carbon and for oxygen, we see they are 2.5 and 3.5 respectively. The difference between the two is 1. And what that means is we have a polar covalent bond. What that means is that the probability density or the chance of finding an electron within the sigma bond is greatest when we move towards the more electronegative element, in this case the oxygen. This is so called polarised.

    02:45 It also – the scale – allows us to determine whether or not we’re likely to see an ionic or a covalent interaction.

    02:52 If we look at one of the carbon-hydrogen sigma bonds of our friend methane from previous lectures, you’ll see that the difference in electronegativity between the two is only 0, based on 2.5 – 2.1. This gives us a relatively non-polar covalent bond where the electrons, or the chances of finding the electrons, are likely to be mostly in the centre between the two.

    03:22 If on the other hand we look at the interaction between sodium and chlorine and we form an ionic sodium and chlorine bond, we see the difference is quite different: chlorine has an electronegativity on the Pauling scale of 3, sodium of 0.9. The difference between the two is 2.1 and the electrons, because they are much more strongly attracted to the chlorine, result in the formation of an ionic compound with formal loss of an electron from the sodium to the atomic orbital of the chlorine. So, in sodium chloride, as when you see other interactions between Group-1 and Group-2 and Group-6 and 7 atoms, you will observe an ionic compound being formed. Bear in mind ionic compounds exist as formula units. You would never ever refer to a salt or ionic compound as a molecule. Please be aware of that distinction.

    About the Lecture

    The lecture Introduction – Electronegativity by Adam Le Gresley, PhD is from the course Chemistry: Introduction.

    Included Quiz Questions

    1. The electronegativity increases when we move down the period in the periodic table.
    2. Electronegativity represents the magnitude of the affinity of an atom in a molecule for the electrons in a chemical bond.
    3. Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table.
    4. The lower Ionization energy is, the more readily the atom becomes a cation.
    5. The electronegativity is directly related to an atomic number of the element.
    1. The outer shell electrons feel fewer forces of attraction from the nucleus due to shielding effecting of core electrons.
    2. The outer shell electrons revolve at faster speeds which leads to reduction in electronegativity values.
    3. In the larger atoms, the strong attraction between the outermost electrons and nucleus leads to the low electronegativities.
    4. In larger atoms, an increase in electrons is not balanced with an equivalent increase in the positive charges in the nucleus.
    5. The outer shell electrons revolve at slower speeds which cause a reduction in electronegativity value.
    1. …the nature of bond can be determined.
    2. …the number of electrons involved in the chemical bond can be determined.
    3. …the type of nuclear forces playing a role in the chemical bond can be determined.
    4. …the magnitude of van der Waal’s forces participating in the chemical bond can be determined.
    5. …the type of electrons participating in the chemical bond can be determined.
    1. Ionic
    2. Non-polar covalent
    3. Polar covalent
    4. Hydrophobic
    5. Hydrophilic

    Author of lecture Introduction – Electronegativity

     Adam Le Gresley, PhD

    Adam Le Gresley, PhD

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Monday, April 23rd, 2018

Can meditation help you control your body temperature?

by July 20, 2017 General

VitinaBlumenthal rolled out her yoga mat on the back patio of the Nicaragua hotel, where she was recently leading a wellness retreat. Seeking relief from the 35-degree Celsius heat, she sat down, cross-legged, with her hands in her lap.

The Toronto mindfulness coach straightened her spine, closed her eyes and took three deep breaths. Then, curling up the sides of her tongue and sticking it out, she slowly inhaled through the tunnel she had formed, and exhaled.

After repeating this several times, she could feel herself becoming calmer, lighter and less bothered by the oppressive heat.

“I get really overwhelmed sometimes when I’m super-heated and I can feel frustrated,” says Blumenthal, founder of the luxury wellness travel company WanderfulSoul. “That breath is a nice way to kind of trick the mind that you’re now cool.”

Blumenthal, who has been practising yoga for more than a decade, explains she learned the meditative breathing technique, called sitali, while living in an ashram in India. Whenever she feels unbearably hot, she uses the technique to make herself feel cooler, whether she’s travelling abroad or riding out a humid Toronto heat wave.

Meditative techniques for regulating body temperature are part of ancient spiritual practices.

Yoga practitioners, for instance, refer to sitali and the similar sitkara, which involves positioning the tongue just behind the teeth, as breathing exercises that lower one’s body temperature.

Other yoga breathing exercises such as kapalbhati, which involves forceful breaths using the diaphragm, are meant to increase body heat. Tibetan Buddhist monks and nuns are known to practice tummo meditation, which is believed to create “inner fire,” allowing them to withstand frigid temperatures.

Similarly, WimHof, a daredevil from the Netherlands, is renowned for incredible feats such as submerging himself in ice for more than an hour at a time and climbing Mount Everest clothed in only a pair of shorts.

He attributes his seemingly superhuman resilience to his eponymous method of breathing and meditation exercises.

Such phenomena have prompted researchers to investigate the physiological effects of meditation on body temperature. Can people actually think their way to becoming hotter or cooler?

Inner fire

One of the first Western scientists to examine this type of meditative practice is Dr. Herbert Benson, a mind body professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and now director emeritus of the Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital. In February, 1981, Benson and his team travelled to the Himalayan town of Upper Dharamsala in India to study monks as they practised tummo meditation.

As they reported in a 1982 paper published in the journal Nature, the only descriptions of this esoteric practice that existed previously were unscientific eye-witness accounts. These depicted novice monks sitting naked and cross-legged on the ground, then wrapping themselves with sheets dipped in icy water. The men were then said to have dried the sheets with their body heat.

Benson says he observed seasoned monks practising tummo meditation in temperatures of 4 C to 10 C. He noticed they first entered what he calls a “relaxation response” state, which he describes as the opposite of the “fight or flight” stress response, slowing their breaths and settling into a deep rest. Then, they visualized their bodies being heated by fire, which they explained comes from “the scattered consciousness,” he says.

“The purpose of that is to burn away the harmful effects of stress,” Benson says, noting that at such low environmental temperatures, “You and I would go into uncontrollable shivering. [But] here, they were able to actually have the sheets steam on their bodies. That was for them, a sign of successful meditation.”

Benson and his team took a number of measurements of three monks, aged 46 to 59, including temperatures of various parts of their body. They recorded no change in their rectal temperature, but found the monks were able to increase the temperature of their fingers and toes by as much as 8.3 C.

“This was fascinating,” Benson says. He noted the monks were able to keep their peripheral body temperature raised for as long as they were visualizing heat generated in the body.

The question, though, is how? Benson never found the answer. After the study was complete, he didn’t end up researching tummo further. The financial costs of returning to India were too high, he says, and instead, he turned his attention to examining the impact of meditation on health issues such as high blood pressure.

Mental imagery

Dr. Maria Kozhevnikov has since picked up where Benson and his team left off.

Kozhevnikov, an associate professor of psychology at the National University of Singapore, has studied the physiological effects of Vajrayana techniques (Vajrayana is another name for Tantric Buddhism), including tummo meditation, on practitioners in Nepal, the Chinese province of Qinghai (also known as eastern Tibet) and Bhutan. Unlike mindfulness practices that induce relaxation, Vajrayana techniques elicit an arousal response controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, she explains.

Practitioners “use stress to go to a higher state of consciousness, not a relaxed state of mind,” she says. So contrary to what Benson believed he observed, practitioners of tummo and other Vajrayana techniques don’t dial down the stress response during meditation; they actively crank it up, she found.

Kozhevnikov, who is also a visiting associate professor of radiology at Harvard Medical School and specializes in the neural mechanisms of visual imagery, believes the answer to how tummo practitioners raise their body temperature consists of two parts: breathing and intense visualization.

The breathing, which in tummo practice is forceful and involves abdominal and pelvic muscle contractions, “is not that interesting,” she says. Rather, it’s just one of a few mundane techniques, such as engaging in physical exercise, that allow people to increase their core body temperature to a certain point. Typically, once they hit 37 C, the body’s cooling mechanisms automatically kick in. They start to sweat, their blood vessels dilate and they’re unable to raise their body temperature any further.

This is where she believes intense visualization comes in. In tummo meditation, practitioners conjure mental images, such as flames, and imagine sensations of intense heat. Kozhevnikov suggests this visualization allows practitioners to override the body’s automatic cooling response, allowing them to push past their typical threshold.

“By using the visualization, apparently, the body doesn’t understand what’s happening and they can go on and on and on, and higher … than 37” degrees, she says.

Kozhevnikov says she’s still trying to figure out how visualization may produce this overriding effect. This summer, she has been recording the brain activity of nuns in Bhutan using electroencephalography as part of her efforts to understand the mechanisms at work.

Wim Hof immerses in ice water during a performance to arouse the public awareness of global warming in Hong Kong.

Acclimatization training

Some scientists are skeptical that this kind of body-temperature regulation can be explained by the powers of the mind. Dr. Maria Hopman, professor of integrative physiology at Radboud University in the Netherlands, thinks the answers are likely more physical than mental.

Hopman has performed several highly publicized experiments on Hof, also known as “The Iceman,” whose training method has gained followers around the world.

One of her most “amazing” findings, she says, was Hof’s ability to maintain his core body temperature at close to 37 C, even after an hour and a half of being submerged in ice water, while his skin temperature plummeted. Hopman believes the main factor behind his resilience appears to be his vasoconstriction ability, or his ability to reduce blood flow to the skin in response to cold, so that he doesn’t lose too much heat. She suggests he has acquired this ability over many years of training.

Even though Hof’s method involves meditation and breathing exercises and is described as similar to tummo and yogic breathing, Hopman says she has witnessed him perform stunts in extreme cold without much time to meditate in preparation.

“I don’t know that the meditation is so important,” she says. “I think the most important thing is the training and the adjustment of the body.”

If you were to take daily minute-long cold showers, for instance, and gradually increase the length of your showers over time, you’d likely be able to withstand a 15-minute cold shower by the end of a year, Hopman says. “I really think it’s an adaptation of the body as you exposure yourself to it regularly.”

Hopman notes Hof’s extraordinary abilities do not extend to tolerating heat. One of her colleagues once studied him as he ran a marathon in the heat of a desert in Namibia, she says, noting, “He was not extremely good at it. He really was not any better than anyone else with some strength and a fit body.”

Cooling down

If these hypotheses provide possible explanations for how one might keep warm in cold temperatures, what could be behind yoga and meditation techniques that are meant to cool you down?

Indeed, it’s possible to improve your tolerance to heat through similar repeated exposure. For instance, Bikram yoga, which is practised in a heated room, can be considered a form of heat training, says Dr. Jessica Mee, a lecturer and researcher in the school of sport, health and exercise sciences at Bangor University in Wales. Typically, after 15 sessions over four weeks, people start to experience certain physical adaptations that allow them to better cope in heat, such as an increase in sweating, more dilute sweat, and lower cardiovascular strain, she says. These adaptations may, over time, help you feel less uncomfortable in heat and become more efficient at cooling yourself down.

The acute effects of specific cooling postures and breathing techniques, however, such as the sitali breathing that Blumenthal practices, are not well studied. While they’re widely recognized and practised in yoga, there’s a lack of scientific literature on the effects of these techniques on body temperature, Mee says.

But ultimately, Mee explains, our body temperature is dictated by our heat storage, which is determined by our heat production, or metabolic rate, and our ability to lose heat, which is typically through the evaporation of sweat. She suggests certain meditation and breathing techniques may help relax the body, reducing one’s metabolic rate to resting levels.

“So when we’re rested or calm and in a meditative state, you would likely expect a lower heat production,” she says, noting this is likely achieved through multiple responses including a lower heart rate, a lower respiratory rate and less skeletal muscle activity.

Psychological resilience

None of these practices for consciously controlling one’s body temperature are particularly mystical, says Dr. Norman Farb, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Toronto Mississauga.

But he suggests our bodies may be capable of more than we think. How we interpret our state of being hot or cold can contribute to how well we tolerate extreme temperatures, he says. For example, he explains, if we feel as though the summer heat is unbearable, the stress of that discomfort can itself affect our physiology, such as causing our heart rates to increase and our metabolism to speed up, thus making us even hotter and making the situation feel worse.

“That’s going to create a vicious cycle, like, ‘Oh, it’s too hot, and now I’m getting stressed about getting too hot and so I feel even hotter and I get more stressed,’” Farb says, noting many meditation practices are aimed at helping people distinguish between the primary sensation of what they’re experiencing and the interpretive layer they add on top.

“If you can stay with the primary sensation, it lends itself to psychological resilience because the things that often make people quit or or panic or fail are appraisals that they can’t cope,” he says.

Blumenthal, the Toronto mindfulness coach, believes this is what sitali enables her to do. While it may not actually change her body temperature, it calms her nerves and relieves her frustration over the heat, allowing her to better deal with the sweltering weather, she says.

Farb warns, however, that the body still has its physical limits. People who are good at breaking away from their concerns about the heat or cold may actually put themselves at risk of becoming overheated or making themselves vulnerable to hypothermia.

“It isn’t always just mind over matter,” he says. “You could get to the point where you still freeze to death or overheat. And in fact, this is a practice that would let you get to that place.”


Two sibling children lose parents due to wild elephant in Sooriyawewa

UNP Working Committee to re-assemble tomorrow (English)

Suspect arrested with heroin worth Rs 1 million in Anuradhapura

President and Prime Minister to discuss cabinet reshuffle today

UNP Working Committee to re-assemble tomorrow

Polythene and plastic waste has decreased - Upali Indraratne CEA (English) using FCID as a shield - Mahinda (English)

Trade union reveals CPC's billions of debt

Former SLFP ministers did nothing but pull from the leg - Ravi

Sri Lanka only South Asian country that provides 24-hour power - Ranjith

16 who left SLFP receive an invitation from Vijithamuni

Only 18 months left for Yahapalanaya - Azath Salley

Removal of Basnayaka Nilame was not in vengeance - Gamini Jayawickrema Perera

Train services disrupted along main line

President participates in 'London Avurudu Ulela' (English)


Employee Benefits

Bexar County values the contributions of all its employees, providing competitive compensation and benefits. The benefits package is designed to attract and retain a workforce of distinguished employees.

From an affordable medical and dental plan, to retirement and insurance plans, we offer benefits that reward employees for their commitment to a challenging and rewarding career with Bexar County.

Employee benefits include:

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Diving The Cayman Islands

It’s no secret that the Cayman Islands are notorious for spectacular scuba diving, but why do the Cayman Islands differ from many other beautiful countries lying across the Caribbean wonderland?

The Cayman Islands are a British Overseas Territory in the centre of the Caribbean Sea, comprised of three islands. Grand Cayman, Little Cayman and Cayman Brac sit on the Cayman ridge which spreads along the seafloor from Cuba to the Bay of Honduras. The Cayman Islands have the perfect components to create dive sites even the most seasoned diver will enjoy. There is very little run-off from rivers and agriculture, so visibility is exceptionally astounding, and close to shore some of the reefs drop off into the abyss, meaning megafauna encounters are common! Now the Cayman Islands have over 365 dive sites, one for each day of the year.

There is a plethora of dive sites on Grand Cayman, providing opportunities for all levels of divers to explore. Popular dive sites include the Kittiwake wreck, and Stingray City as mentioned in National Geographic. Stingray City is perhaps one of the best shallow dives in the whole world, as soon as you enter the water you are surrounded by many prehistoric-looking southern stingrays! In the past the sandbar was used by fishermen to discard unwanted fish, the fishermen have moved on but the stingrays remain.

Nathan Price

Take me down to Stingray City

The Cayman Turtle Centre is a conservation centre that raises the endangered green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) to farm turtle meat to take the pressure off wild populations. Eating turtle is a tradition in the Caymans dating back hundreds of years. Whatever side of the argument you’re on about eating turtles, you can’t argue with the choice of farming over hunting.

Nathan Price

Feeding time at the Cayman Turtle Centre

The sister islands are much smaller than Grand Cayman, both lying roughly east to west. Little Cayman offers popular dive destinations, Bloody Bay and Jackson’s Bight. The north side of Little Cayman offers depths as shallow as 6m, which descend down into the deep blue further than you or I could venture. Cayman Brac is popular with nature lovers, and here you can find the only Russian warship (M/V Captain Keith Tibbetts) in the western hemisphere accessible to divers. Other interesting sites are Cemetery Wall and Wilderness Wall, both walls with a high diversity of hard and soft corals.

Nathan Price

Three Fathom Wall located in Bloody Bay Marine Park.

Dive tourism is a highly valued source of income for Caymanians, which means the importance of conservation is understood and generally respected across the islands. Marine conservation law was first instigated in 1979, and since then over 250 mooring buoys have been installed to reduce anchor damage, and a series of regulated zones have been established. Some zones are established to give species such as conch and lobster time to recover, no taking of any marine life in other zones, and no diving zones, just to name a few.

Lionfish (Pterois volitans, Pteriois miles) are venomous fishes native to the Indo-Pacific and Red Sea, and although they are beautiful they will eat anything that fits in their mouth. These predators were introduced into the Western Atlantic and Caribbean most likely through the aquarium trade. The Cayman Islands government have regular lionfish cullers that spend their days killing as many of these pests as possible. In addition to regular lionfish culling, there are culling tournaments that take place. Dive shops, scientists, locals and tourists get together to tackle the lionfish problem, and turn the problem into a huge barbeque. On Little Cayman there is a lionfish hotline, if you can report the last location of the fish, a skilled and trained team will be deployed the find and eliminate the target!

The eco-friendly islands understand the importance of the sea and services provided, and have invested an incredible amount of money and resources into marine protection. The Cayman Islands are leading the way in marine protection, and setting a prime example for other countries to follow.

About Author

Nathan is a marine biologist, avid scuba diver and conservationist. He specialises in coral reef ecology, investigating aspects under the principal themes of marine protected areas, anthropogenic impacts and reef resilience. He has research experience in the Cayman Islands, where he investigated the effectiveness of marine protected areas, and has conducted extensive research documenting fish, benthic and sea slug communities in Southeast Asia. Some of his recent expeditions in Asia include, travelling to Bukit Lawang, Sumatra to investigate issues surrounding the palm oil industry and the effects this has on native habitats for tigers, elephants and orangutans. Furthermore, he travelled to Cenderawasih Bay, Papua to investigate local issues surrounding the food provisioning of whale sharks, and educate the locals on conservation-based practical approaches to anthropogenic impacts on the environment and subsequent effects on whale sharks. He is currently living and working in Nosy Be, Madagascar as a principal investigator for a marine conservation program. He conducts regular fish and invertebrate surveys to investigate the health of coral reefs

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Daily Action Localization in Youtube videos

DALY is intended for research in action recognition. It is suitable to train and test temporal/spatial localization algorithms.

It contains high quality temporal and spatial annotations for 10 actions in 31 hours of videos (3.3M frames), which is an order of magnitude larger than standard action localization datasets.

The dataset was developed by Philippe Weinzaepfel, Xavier Martin and Cordelia Schmid.
It is published by THOTH, a research team part of Inria.
If you use this dataset, please cite the following paper:

  title={Human Action Localization with Sparse Spatial Supervision},
  author={Weinzaepfel, Philippe and Martin, Xavier and Schmid, Cordelia},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.05197},
Below are some example frames taken from the dataset.

Phoning example Cleaning windows example
Phoning example Taking photo example

As you can see, DALY contains the following spatial annotations:

The action classes are 'applying make-up on lips', 'brushing teeth', 'cleaning floor', 'cleaning windows', 'drinking', 'folding textile', 'ironing', 'phoning', 'playing harmonica', and 'taking photos or videos'.

There are special flags provided for instances that are outside the field of view, that are mirror reflections, and more.


GirlGoTravel: Female Solo Traveler Feature #6

Julia studied abroad in London and loved it. While she was there she decided to go to Poland by herself and connect with her heritage. A friend of a friend went to college in Krakow so she did know one soul there, but for the most part she explored the city on her own.


Australia must have no place in law for incompetent Judges

MD Charles Figallo

Basetec Services MD Charles Figallo previously told The Australian Business Executive (The ABE) how some companies are legally able to conduct business in a manner which can create great difficulties for sub-contractors, who can struggle to receive payments due.

Chevalier Charles Figallo, MD, who last year received an Order of Australia Medal for promoting Australian businesses, recently received a lot of positive feedback and support for speaking to The ABE about a corrupt legal system which is totally against SMEs.

“Legal representation is disproportionately expensive, and the Courts decide issues which can be baffling even to those within the legal profession. Trials can end up being a deliberately drawn-out legal conundrum designed to totally bankrupt you.”

“It is in the interests of some companies to bankrupt SME’s and the Courts have this totally wrong to such a degree, showing bias in favour of companies with deep pockets.”

“In my opinion the 2014 legal reforms designed to extend protection to small businesses against unfair contract terms do not go far enough, and how some judges interpret the law leads to results which can undoubtedly be biased.”

“We need a legal system which is objective and treats businesses equally, rather than one which is easily manipulated by parties with the most resources, such as when a small company is made to put up financial security in the way of cash. The defendant who counter-claims should also have to put up security to the Courts for the work done, or at best to the value of the signed contract.”

“Judges are taking far too long to hand down their decisions, and this is a major problem. Strong indications are coming to me, supported by a recent letter from the court, that the judges junior associate may be actually writing the decisions. There is undoubtedly something going wrong here. And as a year or two goes by, prior to judgement, has the judge lost all reasoning or knowledge of what took place in the courtroom? As an example, our QC tore a strip off the judge clearly stating ‘where has the $800,000 gone that you yourself awarded?’ Further to this, 23 grounds of appeal were submitted. This alone is evidence that something has gone wrong. Another important issue is that the trial judge pulled the defendants’ witness up for committing perjury. When I queried this, the Federal Court has refused to answer. I would call this biased and contempt of Court.”

“I am receiving very favourable comments on the need for a fair court system from the business community and including the judiciary. I am told time and time again to keep up the fight for our country.”

“Judicial decisions depend largely on the individual biases and social situation of the judge. Law is not neutral or objective. The logic and structure attributed to the law grow out of the power relationships within the business community, and can be dominated by certain companies who regard themselves as beyond the scope of the law of any one country. ”

“What’s happening is that smaller contractors aren’t getting paid. People are depressed, even committing suicide due to a lack of honesty and transparency in business dealings, and a legal system which protects the rights of certain companies who are able to manipulate the system.”

“SM businesses need an avenue to make official complaints and for these to be investigated independently of the legal and court systems, as I strongly believe that some judges are not carrying out their duties correctly.”

“Another thing I have noticed in our courts, and this is extremely important, that SMEs should not have to disclose their financials or their personal assets. This goes totally against SMEs, and is extremely biased.”

“There are great business opportunities in Australia and for Australian businesses overseas. What Australian business needs is a fairer, unbiased legal system which delivers speedy and affordable justice. This is becoming apparent in the courts overseas.”

Mr Figallo campaigns tirelessly to extend Australian business opportunities overseas whilst raising money for charities supporting the disadvantaged, such as children with cancer.


NewcrestImage Management

  • General Manager

    Site Location Hyatt Place Hurst
    Req No
    Job Locations
    Regular Full-Time
  • Overview

    Primary strategic business leader of the hotel with responsibility for all aspects of the operation, including Guest and Associate satisfaction, financial performance, asset protection, sales and revenue generation, Associate relations, and delivering a return on investment to ownership.  Leads the team in the development and implementation of hotel-wide strategies.  Ensures implementation of the brand service strategy and brand initiatives with the objective of meeting or exceeding guest expectations. Builds relationships with key Guests and is involved in the sales process.

    1. Optimize and maximize Guest and Associate experiences.
    2. Responsible for the overall success of the hotel, using strong leadership skills to drive revenue, maximize profits, and ensure quality.
    3. Effectively manage and motivate Associates to ensure achievement of overall financial results, Guest Satisfaction, and Associate Satisfaction.
    4. Champion of the hotel’s internal and external communications and record-keeping.

    1. Maintain a professional image and support the Company in actions and words at all times.
    2. Maintain a hotel atmosphere consistent with the Company’s standards for professionalism and total quality Guest service.
    3. Maintain open channels of communication with upper management, fellow co-workers, Associates, and Guests.
    4. Address Guests’ complaints in a manner which results in superior Guest service.
    5. Handle any emergencies at the hotel, following procedures for notifying the proper Company management and civil authorities when necessary.
    6. Actively enforce all safety policies to protect Associates, Guests, and Company Assets.
    7. Ensure safety policies and procedures are known and followed by all Associates.
    8. Develop and implement the approved business plan to attain and exceed financial goals.
    9. Maintain high personal visibility throughout the property.
    10. Gain and maintain thorough knowledge of local competition and general industry trends.
    11. Actively manage the hotel’s performance against key performance metrics.  Train all members of the management team to understand and perform the same process.
    12. Assess and ensure regular and timely performance reviews for all hotel Associates and facilitate the processing of all personnel records.
    13. Review and approve hotel sales goals and hotel sales action plans.  Closely monitor sales activities.
    14. Manage relationships with decision makers at top accounts.
    15. Review Smith Travel Research (STR) reports.
    16. Balance inventory to ensure same-day sellouts.
    17. Manage on-property controllable costs.
    18. Conduct analysis for period-end review with Regional Director.
    19. Review and approve invoices.
    20. Ensure the hotel is QA-ready at all times.
    21. Review and follow up on property Guest Satisfaction scores and comments.
    22. Tour the property to ensure public spaces, grounds, work and kitchen areas meet sanitation and cleanliness/maintenance standards.
    23. Personally complete required training.
    24. Ensure ongoing development of staff.
    25. Ensure that all property equipment is in good working condition.

    1. 4-year college degree or equivalent, related experience
    2. Ability to communicate effectively both verbally and in writing

    1. Well-groomed and professional in appearance.
    2. Willing to work on weekends and holidays if required.
    3. Effective communication skills.
    4. Good listener.
    5. Open with praise, discreet with criticism.
    6. Rational, prudent, and practical.

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Class Notes (837,009)
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GRA 323 (25)
Lecture 3

Introduction to Electronic Premedia I - Week 3 Notes.docx

4 Pages
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Graphic Communications
GRA 323
Jason Lisi

Week 3 Sizing and Cropping When photos are digitized, they become bitmap images. Bitmap images are made up of pixels, and they have resolution restrictions. Sizing and cropping takes into account the finite nature of bitmaps to ensure they meet the resolution requirements for print. Sizing of an original is expressed as a percentage change. Ex: 200% of original size When sizing an original, both dimensions must be scaled at the same percentage, or else the image will become distorted. Anamorphic Distortion: when one dimension is scaled differently than the other Anamorphic Distortion is generally done only to purposely distort the image as a special effect, or in minute amounts in order to fit an exact box dimension. When expressing the dimensions of a photo, the width is always expressed first. Ex: a 10 X 8 photo would be 10” wide by 8” high. Landscape orientation: an image that is wider than it is tall Portrait orientation: an image that is taller than it is wide ￼￼ ￼￼￼￼ ￼ Unless the final output size and shape of a digital image is identical to the original photograph, some degree of sizing and/or cropping will have to be done to meet the output requirements. When scanning, it is critical to know this information before starting the scan process to ensure the final image has appropriate resolution. The formula to determine the scaling requirements for an image is: Rp = Reproduction % R = Reproduction Size ￼O = Original Size Sizing Example: An original 5 X 7 reflective photo is to be reproduced at two R = R x100 different sizes: p  2.5 X 3.5 O  10 X 14 What is the necessary reproduction percentage for each? Rp = 2.5 ÷ 5 x 100 = 50% Rp = 3.5 ÷ 7 x 100 = 50% Since both dimensions scale proportionately, phe R is 50% with no cropping. Rp = 10 ÷ 5 x 100 = 200% Rp = 14 ÷ 7 x 100 = 200% Since both dimensions scale proportionately, phe R is 200% with no cropping. When the reproduction dimensions are not proportional to the original dimensions, cropping must be done to prevent anamorphic distortion. Cropping: reproducing a selected area of an original, choosing the “head and shoulders” of a person from a photo that i
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IRS Audit Examanation Help IRS Audit Examination Help | Genesis Tax Consultants, LLC
Genesis Tax Consultants

Surviving an IRS Tax Audit Examination

IRS Audit Examinations help and repesentation

IRS Audit Examanations Defense

Audit representation

Taxpayers call them audits; the Internal Revenue Service prefers the term, examinations.  But whatever word you use, there is no mistaking that it describes one of life’s most dreaded experiences-the government probing into your financial affairs to find a way to extract more taxes from you.

Congress has granted the IRS wide powers to examine your finances, even allowing them to question other people about your financial affairs to determine if you are being truthful.

In recent years, due to budget cuts which has led to fewer IRS personnel, the number of audits dropped 16% in 2017, which is the sixth year in a row for fewer audits according to the IRS.

So if you are one of the unfortunate 0.84% of individual taxpayers that have been audited the past year (do not feel bad, the chances are closer to 50% that each one of us will be audited at some point in our lifetimes) you need to start building your defense as over 80% of the people who are audited end up owing additional taxes. But do not worry, as experienced tax pros, Genesis Tax Consultants, can spot probable audit issues.

What is an Audit?

An audit is the process where the IRS determines if you properly reported all of your income, from all sources, and claimed the proper credits, deductions, and exemptions.

The IRS is trained to find something needed in order to make a determination that you made mistakes, which will allow them to assess you with additional taxes, penalties, and interest which will grow quickly if unpaid.

The burden of proving that you correctly claimed any credits, deductions, and exemptions is on you, not the IRS. This means the IRS is taking the stance that you are guilty until you are proven innocent, and they win over 80% of all audits (mostly because people cannot verify what is on their tax return).

The biggest reason for the IRS winning such a high number of cases is not because taxpayers are dishonest, rather that they have poor record keeping, which IRS auditors are quick to admit to.

Things that increase your chances of an audit:

·         Being self-employed

·         Earning over $100,000

·         You didn’t file a tax return

·         You are claiming more deductions than most similarly situated taxpayers

·         Comparative size of an item to the rest of the return

·         A item on the return that is out of character for the taxpayer

·         An item that is reported in an inappropriate place on the return

·         Evidence of intent to mislead the IRS on the face of the return

·         Losses from businesses and investments claimed on your tax return

·         Amended Tax Returns

How Much Tax Law Do You Need to Know to Represent Yourself in an Audit?

Tax law is complex, contradictory, and confusing. It is found in over 100,000 pages of IRS regulations, Letter Rulings, Manuals, Official Publications, and Revenue Rulings and in thousands of federal court decisions that describe how the tax laws are to be applied in individual cases.

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