6 Route To Stop Short-Term Dieting From Harming Your Health In The Long Run

2 months, 10 days ago

Phil Connors is an arrogant weatherman sent out to cover the annual Groundhog Day event. Little did he know, his life was about to take an unexpected turn. Phil eventually discovers that he is in a continuous time loop-the-loop, recurring the same day over and over.

At first, Phil takes advantage of this by indulging himself in pleasures, such as stealing fund, seducing women, getting drunk with no repercussions and learning all the town’s secrets.

Hold up … this name and tale sound familiar.That’s because theyare.

In 1993, Phil Connors, played by Bill Murray, is introduced to us in the movie “Groundhog Day.” Besides teaching us valuable life lessons, this movie shares valuable nutritional lessons we still suffer fromcurrently.

We live in a society where people expend plenty of money on fad diet, countless workout programs and supplements promising us quick results.Unfortunately, more information and money hasn’t saved our society from becoming more obese. In fact, a recent survey concluded only 2. 7 percentage of Americans live a healthy lifestyle. A basic, healthy lifestyle consists of moderate exercising, a good diet , no smoking and having a recommended body fat percentage.

Phil’s problems are getting out of a rut, receiving meaning and fulfillment and instituting change. Weight-loss attempting enthusiasts’ problems are fleeing from a dietary rut, stimulating fitness and life co-exist and creating lasting change.

While we’re not trapped in a time loop like Phil, many of us are trapped in our daily routines by our conditioning. These routines and current conditioning are the reasons many of us fail with our diets, despite the plethora of knowledge available.

Many of us are on autopilot, never taking the time to slow down and assess what’s functioning and what isn’t inour lives. While many people seeking weight-loss have the right purposes, their motives and methods are flawed.

The typical dieting cycle starts witha diet full of motivating, supplied by adrenaline and the novelty of starting something new( albeit they’re often too extreme and aren’ttailored to your personal lifestyle ). Once the motivation and novelty of it all wears off, the dietstarts to feel restrictive.

And then, the starvation games commence( aka discomforting and vexing cravings from therestrictive diet ). Wegive into the temptations of unfriendly foods, and we’reflooded with remorse and disgrace. Then, wequit.Months afterwards, wefeel a trigger of inspiration and start back at square one.

Day after day, year after year, people lather, rinse and repeat this cycle. This is the “Groundhog DayEffect” people experience whiledieting. Until you slow down and realize that all your thoughts, actions and approaches determine your results, you’re going to experience the same outcome over and over again.

To stop chronic dieting, you must begin to pay attention to the outcomes of your decisions, and how your think patterns and preconditioned responses decide the majority of the actions and behaviors you take on a daily basis.

Once you’ve reached this level of awareness, you can break the chains and free yourself from this continuous cycle. Now you can start to recognize what’s working for you, your dreads and other preexisting beliefs you hold.

As you embark on this freeing journey, use these six strategies designed to head toward a route of lasting success by focusing on your health and longevity and stop chronic dieting 😛 TAGEND

1. Reframe your approach to goal-setting.

Basing your worth and success off thenumber on the scale is setting yourself up for disaster. The scale isn’t the best indicator of progress. This is sometimes due to water weight from eating certain foods, along with other hormonal fluctuations that aren’tbeing accounted for.

Instead of relying on superficial metrics and numbers, set positive and realistic goals that promote positive outcomes. Base your goals on behavioral and action oriented metrics , not specific outcomes. In other terms, become process-oriented, instead of results-oriented.

I’m going to livehealthier, ” Start working out” and Lose some weight aren’t good examples of setting concise, positive, measurable goals. Some great examples would be reducing your intake of sodas, lessening your sugar intake, committing to the gym four times a week, feeing veggies with each meal, strolling for 30 minutes daily and eating one portion of protein with each meal.

2. Don’t trap yourself inside the box of sameness.

What induces us special as humen isthat as similar as we may seem, there are little intricacies that attain each and every one of us unique individuals.Health and nutrition aren’t any different.

Sure, some principles, such as eating plenty of veggies and avoiding processed foods, apply to each of us. But the methods to go about feeing those vegetables and healthy foods can be accomplished in many forms.

We’re all wired uniquely and involve specific dietary needs for our particular lifestyles. Find what suits you and what meshes seamlessly with your goals, while not requiring a complete overhaul ofyour daily life.

There are many different boulevards to adestination. It’s up to you to discover and decide upon which path works for you.

3. Let your body be your guide.

In today’s society, we’re terrible listeners. We’re largely focused on ourselves and what we’re going to say next. So, it’s no surprise that most people aren’t good at listening to their body and making adjustments accordingly.

You can have the best diet and exert plan on paper, but at the end of the day, it’s not guaranteed to work exactly as schemed. Predicting calories and macronutrients is a good starting point. While tracking your macros and determining an estimated calorie number is beneficial, the best indicator of success will always be your body.Your body is constantly trying to guide you, but you have to pay attention.

Are you noticing intense starvation pangs, or are you only writing them off as part of the normal process of dieting? Are you noticing your daily energy levels, or are you just accepting that walking around cranky and tired is part of the dieting process? Are you paying attention to your body and those seemingly small aches and aches, or are you only writing them off as an intense workout?

These are just a few examples of your body communicating with you.An intelligent, sustainable diet doesn’t mean you have to starve or function day-to-day with low energy. An intelligent, sustainable diet provides enough macro and micronutrients tohelprepair your body against nagging joint aches and other common issues.Let run of the mentality that you have to suffer while dieting, and start paying attention to the feedback your body provides.

4. Celebrate the little victories.

Us humans often days set dauntingly ambitious targets that areset under unrealistic timelines.When it comes to our goals, we need to feel as if we’re making progress. Focusing on the end objective, however, often leaves us feeling as if we’re not making progress due to the scope of the goal.

When we don’t feel like we’re making progress, we’re more likelyto quit.However, this is a mootpoint when you start to reframe how you view success. Someone may want to lose 20 pounds, but why delay celebrating until you reach that 20?

To increase your chances of success, start defining micro aims. These micro goals provide opportunities for little wins, which serve as your gasoline to continue along your fitness journey. If 20 pounds is your main goal, why not celebrate at three? Every little bit should matter.When you focus on the little victories, you give awareness to the fact that you’re create the positive developments within their own lives, thus ensure momentum to continue along.

5. Embrace and commit to the long term.

Whether it’s committing to a relationship or committing to a work assignment, humans have trouble committing.Let’s face it, commitment is scary. It forces us to leave our familiar conditions.The same thing happens once we commit to changing the route we eat.

Fad diets, body resets and cleanses will work in the short term. Sure, you’re going to lose some weight and start to feel good about yourself, but once you stop these types of programs, your weight is most likely going to return with no mercy.

People experience a rebound weight effect over the long term because they haven’t developed the proper habits and behaviors needed to keep the weight off.Fad diets and other short-term gimmicks place you in a state of temporary change. They allow you to avoid committing to new behaviors, while adopting less than stellar behaviors and relationships with foods.

These short-term diets tend to either outcast one particular food group, or come loaded with rules that leaveyou with a distorted perception ofhealthy eating.Healthy feeing isn’t a 30 -day event , nor is it a five-day affair. It’s a 24/7 affair necessitating a commitment to the long term in order to genuinely experience lasting change, instead of the illusion of it.

6. Health goes beyond the physical.

It takes a lot more than feeing baked chicken, steamed veggies, sweet potatoes and a salad to achieve optimal health. Achieving optimal health while maximizing your longevity requires a keen focus on the four pillars of fitness: emotional, spiritual, mental and physical.

Often hours, eating healthy is only preached as an avenue to get abs, tone our limbs and tighten up our glutes. Though it’s not nearly as sexy to focus on, our internal world is far more important than our external world.

What good is a lean, athletic body if it’s internally comparable to a sickly, disease-ridden 80 -year-old’s body( no disrespect to senior citizens )? Despite what social media tries to jostle down our throats, fitness isn’t only a game consisting of superficial metrics and rigid rules.

Forcing yourself to eat bland and tasteless foods in the name of achieving thealmighty six pack isn’t worth it. Following a restrictive diet that doesn’t fit your particular lifestyle isn’t your only option.

Even though you may be eating healthy foods on this restrictive plan, you’re simultaneously creating unnecessary stress inyour internal world. You’re not going to be happy with this plan.Healthy feeing should be a nutritional adventure designed to build you up physically , nourish your spirit with flavorful foods, emotionally fulfils your needs and mentally allow you to thrive in life.

Dieting is important, but remember that you only get one body. Treat it with love.

When left unaddressed, our quest of a healthier body and lifestyle often becomes our biggest detriment.When unaddressed, we only consider our bodies for their imperfections, and not for their gifts and unique abilities. The more you accept your body and treat it with love, the more motivated you become. From there, it will be that much easier to reaching your goals.

In a hyper-sexualized world where looks are placed at a premium, keeping the big picture in intellect is essential. When you start to focus on your energy, overall wellness, happiness, inner peaceand approach your nutrition with love instead of an unhealthy obsession withlosing weight, their own lives will level up( as well as your physique ).

Yes, you are able feel ashamed of how you look, or feel you need to lose 15 pounds in order to be happy, but remember, it’s not the size of your muscles or the weight of your bodythat decide your value to the world.

Focus on your general well-being and living the good life. The weight and body you desire will follow suit. I promise.

This article was originally published on the author’s personal blog .

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Take A Break & Dream A Little...

Although apatite is a very common mineral, transparent gemstone-quality apatite is extremely rare. Despite apatite being the defining mineral for 5 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, it remains virtually unknown to most consumers and is seldom found in jewelry stores. However, because apatite occurs in such a wide variety of attractive colors and forms, it is a favorite among gemstone collectors. Connoisseurs often seek out rare colors such as Paraiba-like blue-green apatite or leek-green apatite, which is known as 'asparagus stone'. Deep purple, violet and reddish specimens are also sought after. There is an additional blue variety known as 'moroxite', but this is typically heat-treated to enhance color.

The word 'apatite' was derived from a Greek word meaning 'cheat'. The name was given to apatite because of its close resemblance to several other precious gemstones. As a result of many people being 'cheated', apatite became unfairly labeled as the 'deceitful stone'. Amblygonite, andalusite, brazilianite, precious beryl, sphene, topaz and tourmaline can all be confused with apatite.

Apatite Chatoyancy
Apatite that exhibits chatoyancy, or a cat's eye effect, is extremely rare. Cat's eye apatite gemstones are always cut en cabochon. Chatoyancy is a rare optical phenomenon existing only in a handful of different gem types. It is distinguished by a unique light reflection that resembles the slit eye of a cat. It is caused by light reflected off parallel inclusions within a gemstone, typically rutile needles, fibers or channels. Cat's eye reflections are best viewed in direct light; when the stone is rotated, the cat's eye will appear to glide across the surface.

Apatite Mineralogy
Apatite develops as crystals within granite pegmatites, metamorphic rocks and igneous environments. Apatite crystal can vary in composition based on the level of hydroxide, fluorine or chlorine ions. Apatite-rich rocks are one of the most important sources for phosphorus. Not only is phosphorus required by plants, but it is also an essential chemical commonly used in fertilizers, explosives, fireworks, pesticides, toothpaste, detergents and pharmaceutical products.

Apatite is a lesser-known gemstone with very little fame, myth or legend attached to it. However, since apatite is actually part of our composition and is produced and used by the human body, it is believed to have some extremely powerful healing abilities. Many gemstone lovers are fascinated by the lore and powers of gemstones, especially those with relation to the human body.

Apatite is thought to be a stone of learning and inspiration. It is a fire element stone that is thought to be helpful for overcoming fear and turning thought into physical manifestations. It is associated with the solar plexus chakra. Apatite is commonly used for its metaphysical ability to encourage extroversion. It is able to draw out negative energy and stimulate creativity. Physically, apatite is said to heal bones, cartilage, teeth and boost calcium absorption. It is also believed to relieve pain caused by arthritis and other joint-related health problems.

Millions of years ago, deep in the bowels of our Earth, gemstones were created in innumerable variations. We are familiar with most of them, and indeed we have been so in most cases for thousands of years. Yet every now and again a previously unknown variant of a gem comes to light. One of these 'young' gemstones is kunzite, with its delicate pink hues, a gem which is seen more and more often nowadays, making an attractive eye-catcher in jewelry. Yes, kunzite has only been known for a little more than a hundred years, and yet it is now going through something like a second renaissance.

As we have already said, kunzite is still a very young gemstone. It was not until 1902 that the New York jeweler and gemstone specialist George Frederick Kunz (1856 – 1932) became the first person to give a comprehensive description of this stone, which had just been discovered in California. And since newly discovered gemstones are usually given the name of their discoverer or patron, this new pale pink discovery was called 'kunzite'.

Above all, the appeal of this gemstone lies in its clarity and its fine delicate pink nuances which often display a hint of violet. These are delicate, tender hues, feminine and seductive. In order to make sure that the fine color is shown to its full advantage, the cutter must align the raw crystal very precisely during his work. The reason is that depending on the angle from which you look at a kunzite, it can appear violet, pink or even colorless. Indeed some kunzites from finds in Afghanistan display a rich, strong violet, a light violet and a light green depending on the angle of observation. In gemology, this phenomenon is known as pleochroism, the meaning of which equates to 'multi-coloredness'. This property is particularly well developed in kunzite. If you have the opportunity to look at a kunzite from close up, watch out for it. In a well cut stone, the most beautiful color nuance will always be visible from above, experienced cutters working the raw crystal in perfect accord with its material properties. Most kunzites, however, have a fairly light color. Strongly colored kunzite is rare and thus correspondingly valuable.

This gemstone is the youngest member of the spodumen family, to which the green or yellowish-green hiddenite, discovered about a quarter of a century earlier, also belongs. Hiddenite too bears the name of its discoverer, W. E. Hidden. Those who are interested in gemology will know that, together with diopside, jadeite and three other kinds of mineral, the spodumens make up the pyroxene group, the word pyroxene being derived from the Greek words pyr (fire) and xenos (stranger).

As a variety of spodumen, kunzite belongs to the class of the chain silicates. It has minute traces of manganese to thank for its fine lilac color. However, the color can fade in direct sunlight. For that reason, jeweler with kunzite should never be worn while sunbathing or on the beach.

In the trade, kunzite is available in many beautiful cuts. It is one of the gems which are available in relatively large sizes at affordable prices. When making a purchase, however, you should remember that it is first the color and then the clarity which determines its value. The more intense the color, the more valuable the kunzite. The question of whether the color should tend more or less strongly towards violet will depend on your personal preference and skin type.

This gemstone with its fine, delicate pink is not only an ideal precious stone for lovers; it is also popular as a healing stone. Kunzite is said to enhance a person's capacity for devotion and understanding and to bestow inner peace and joie de vivre on its wearer. And since it is also said to activate the mind and liberate us from worry and anxiety, it is an excellent gemstone for those suffering from strain or exam nerves. Whether or not one actually believes in these positive effects, one thing is certain: its fine pink with a hint of violet radiates a serene composure and keeps moods of depression and anxiety at bay right from the outset. Try it for yourself!


Project:  Giovanni Vaccarini

Chronology:   project: 2003/2004; realization: 2004/2005

Executing company:  Di Ferdinando costruzioni

Staff:  Laura Marini, Lucia Tomeo

Client:  Private

Location:  Giulianova (TE)

Capece_Venanzi House is a suburban dwelling situated in the sprawling city running along the Adriatic coast in an anonymous urban settlement between Ascoli and Pescara.
This apparently "intermediate" area "without quality" is a strip of land without buildings between the plains and hills.
The original idea was to construct a building with an orientation completely open to the hill considered a sort of green "sea".
The parti unfolds in section on three levels:
_ a full basement: an internal patio becomes an element around which to organise a series of spaces, creating a paly of views across underground spaces, a roof garden, the living areas of the home and the suspended volume of the first floor.
_ ground floor: the public part of the building where a large sliding glass door marks the border between the uncovered roof garden and the covered living area. The space revolves around a steel staircase leading up to the first floor.
_first floor: occupied by the bedrooms and private spaces of the building (bath /sauna, gym, studio).
The main idea of the composition plays with the metaphor of transposing a Tetris game piece at a macro-scale.
Two opposing volumes represent the two parts of the building and reveal the diversity of their functions through a twofold treatment of materials: a stone clad base and a white plaster volume.
Light is one of the primary materials of the project. A system of cuts into the walls and ceilings draws shadow and light into the interior of the first floor during the day, while the ground floor is flooded with light at all times.
At night, an LED lighting system defines a set of “backgrounds” that transform the ground floor glass façade into a luminous screen.


Carlos S. Alvarado, PhD, Research Fellow, Parapsychology Foundation

William Henry Harrison was an English journalist and a publisher of works on Spiritualism. He was the editor of The Spiritualist (an influential publication later called The Spiritualist Newspaper) and the author of several works. This included his anthology Psychic Facts (1880) in which he collected accounts of psychic phenomena, particularly mediumship, from various writers.

In the book commented here, Spirits Before Our Eyes, Harrison presented an examination of apparitions, mainly apparitions of the dying. His purpose, he wrote, was “to classify some of the authenticated apparitions of our own and past times, to examine the conditions under which the spirits of human beings are seen, to show that the spirit of man can sometimes temporarily leave the earthly body, and to seek to draw only those conclusions which well-proved facts warrant. Thus may laws and principles be deduced, to guide future explorers of the realm between the known and the unknown, in relation to spirit existence.” (p. 14)

Harrison Spirits before our Eyes

Harrison believed that, unlike mediumship, which critics tried to attribute to non-spiritual processes, apparitions could be explained “only by the presence of the spirit, the whole spirit, and nothing but the spirit” (p. 21). He started discussing what he referred to as deathbed apparitions. Not to be confused with what we refer to today as deathbed visions, or those visions experienced by a dying person, Harrison defined deathbed apparitions as the “occasional appearance of the spirit of a person in one place, at about the time that his body is dying in another place,” cases he believed were “so common as to indicate some connection beyond that of accidental coincidence between the two occurrences” (p. 24).

Such deathbed apparitions, the author believed, were caused by the spirit leaving the body. In his view the dying body provided the spirit “enough materiality to make itself visible” (p. 62). This speculation was similar to those presented by others at the time to account for materialization phenomena observed with mediums, something that was part of a rich history of ideas of vital forces to explain psychic phenomena.

Related to this idea, Harrison stated that some apparitions produced physical effects, being “objectively and palpably temporarily materialised” (p. 55). He further wrote about materialization to illustrate the point: “Spiritualists who have seen much of materialisation seances know that spirits have a remarkable power of duplicating, not only the forms of their mediums, but their clothes. . . . Still there is no creation of new matter. The law of the conservation of energy is not broken. Recent experiments . . . have shown by means of self-recording weighing apparatus that, while the duplicate form of the medium and his clothes is being materialised in one place, the weight of his normal body and clothes is diminishing in another, and vice versa. There is a play of forces between the two, underlying the vulgarly known phenomena of molecular physics. . . .” (pp. 60–61).

But Harrison also entertained some cases being explained differently. He believed some apparitions were perceived through normal vision and others were seen psychically, in response to the thoughts of spirits. As he wrote, “when apparitions are psychically recognised, what the spirit thinks the medium sees, and . . . the unearthly visitor becomes visible in consequence of his mesmeric influence over the spectator” (p. 83).

The thoughts of distant living persons were also believed by Harrison to be a cause for some apparitions of the living, an idea that had been discussed by others before. Harrison also argued that some cases of veridical dreams in which the dreamer visited a distant location were not necessarily the projection of the spirit. They “might be instances of natural clairvoyance, or of a dreamer seeing that which a spirit or mortal in rapport with him thought” (p. 146).

Like other writers before him Harrison cited a variety of cases to illustrate the existence of the spirit and its powers manifesting during life. He discussed apparition cases in which the appearer was not dying, cases in which the content of dreams was affected, and cases of mediumistic communications from living persons. As stated in the first chapter of the book, Harrison’s intent was an attempt to validate the movement of spiritualism by showing how the human spirit could act at a distance producing mental and physical effects, an idea that was in direct contradiction to the materialistic assumptions of the times.

Furthermore, Harrison made the observation that both apparitions of the living and of the dead were similar. He wrote that “there is no break of continuity in the phenomena of apparitions in consequence of the death of the body. So impossible is it to find any indication in the phenomena, of a natural dividing line coinciding with the death moment, that in this volume several cases of after-death apparitions are included, differing in no way from the apparitions of living persons whose mortal bodies are in a sleeping or quiescent state” (p. vii).

This appeared first as a book review in the Journal of Scientific Exploration in 2011.


History as a Form of Knowledge.

2 Conversations

One of the bigggest shifts in (British) school history teaching occured when the emphasis was changed from the teaching of history as a grand narrative, one coherent story where its raison d'etre was to learn names, dates and the superiority of Anglo-Saxon culture by heart as unchangable and unquestionable fact, to the teaching of history as a form of knowledge. This tends to be broken down into two subsections: substantive knowledge and second order concepts.

Substantive Knowledge

The first strand of such knowledge that students should master is substantive knowledge, that is, the understanding of concepts such as ‘monarchy’, ‘slavery’, ‘constitution’, ‘communism’ and ‘inflation’.

These are often complex concepts in themselves and the fact that institutions, practices, jobs and so on change over time means that while students may understand the role of a king in modern British terms, or even if they understand this role in the context of one historical period, this understanding will cause them problems if they apply their knowledge unaltered to kings at other times and in other places in the past. Similarly, concepts such as ‘revolution’ require students to know what counts as a revolution (as opposed to a rebellion, for example) but also the difference between revolution in the abstract and what we mean by the Russian Revolution. As opposed to, say, the Industrial Revolution.

Second Order Concepts

However, in order to understand names, dates and so on in an appropriate conceptual framework, students need to understand such ideas as cause and consequence, change and continuity, empathy, the nature of historical accounts and evidence, and what counts as significant in history. These are often known as second order concepts precisely because they underlie the practice of making sense of the substance of history. For example, when a historian analyses the role of kings throughout the ages, she does not directly write about any of these concepts, but a sophisticated understanding of them has informed how she has researched his topic, how she has drawn her conclusions and how he or she will write about them now.

Much of the research into children’s historical thinking has been focused on these second order concepts, partly because previous research into children’s understanding of substantive concepts proved difficult and partly because of the massive rise in the interest of the history teaching profession into what it means to actually do history since the 1970s, a focus which now forms the basis of history teaching in schools in the UK.

This research has informed not just an understanding of the preconceptions that children may bring to the classroom about how to go about history, but also, in the enunciation of what going from a less to a more sophisticated understanding of the second order concepts involved, what competency actually looks like, or in other words, what the topic headings such as ‘change’ actually mean for a historian. Particularly influential has been the Schools History Project (SHP) and Denis Shemilt’s subsequent Evaluation Study, and the CHATA (Concepts of History and Teaching Approaches) project.

So what do these second order concepts actually look like and what are teachers hoping to achive in the classroom?

One of the most pervasive barriers to understanding that students display is their belief in a deficit past. In the much misunderstood area of historical empathy, children have a tendency to believe that things in the past were different because people in the past were stupid or morally defective, rather than entertaining the idea that people in the past thought differently or lived under different circumstances. At best, students often ascribe modern behaviour and viewpoints to people in the past – a sort of ‘if I were in their shoes…’ approach. While this may take them some way to understanding, they often fail to see the past on its own terms and therefore fail to understand key reasons for people’s actions or even the structure of institutions.

Thus in order to develop children's sense of historical empathy it may be better to replace activities where children are asked to put themselves in the place of a historical personage and describe their life, actions or thoughts, which are often tackled on a superficial level, with more thoughtful tasks where students are asked to explain connections between attitudes and background circumstances, and analyse alternatives available to people in the past.

Similarly, change is seen as linear and invariably as progress. It is also often assumed to have come about as a result of a particular event or the will of a particular person, rather than as a gradual, long term process. This risks being actions being labeled as either a ‘stupid’ move or a ‘rational’ one and students’ lack of appreciation of the effects of unintended consequences of plans or situations compounds their difficulties. Children also see change in comparison with nothing at all happening, rather than the more valid historical comparison of continuity with what has gone before.

Children need to develop, then, a sense of what counts as change, and to be able to distinguish degrees of change, and the fact that it is probably more likely to occur almost imperceptibly over a long period of time rather than quickly. They need to gain an understanding of the causes of change and also that change can have different effects on different areas of life and that not all of these will be beneficial.

Cause and Consequence

Confusion between motivations and cause is also a problem. Students often see no difference between someone’s desire for something to happen and the actual reasons why it happens. Conversely, they can also feel that if someone’s desires or plans came to nothing, then they have no relevance at all. This, of course, implies that children at least see the point of studying the causes of events at all, which is not always the case. Some children, in fact, see the business of studying history simply as the business of studying events which are in effect destined to take place, so no study of cause is necessary. This is a view which is perhaps more prevalent if children are taught history as a set of facts – dates and events to be learnt – than as a more enquiry based subject, a teaching method which also has severe implications for children’s understanding of evidence.

If history is simply received wisdom from the teacher or the textbook, there is no need to prove the claims being made, no need to search for the truth and therefore no need for the support that evidence can bring. Children at this level of understanding often make no distinction between a source of evidence and a source of information. It is all the same and provides a clear ‘window on the past’. Even if such children are confronted with conflicting information about the past, there is a tendency for them to count the number of reports that agree over those that do not and accept the majority verdict.

Once children have progressed beyond this stage to an understanding that ‘how do we know?’ is a valid question to be asking, they tend to look for 'authoritative' accounts such as those of eyewitnesses to help with their investigation. But children also come equipped with an everyday notion of how bias works. Since we will not be able to trust everything that our eyewitneses say, can we, in fact, say anything at all about history? Many children, having reached this stage of understanding, would say ‘no’, and reduce all of history to the very postmodern position of it being all a matter of opinion. Progressing students further relies on helping them to see that when we ask questions about a source of evidence it was not designed to answer, we can gain information in which the question of reliability does not arise. They should also learn that while backing up a claim relies on searching for things which would disconfirm it as well as those which support it, the notion of reconstructing the best picture of the past that we can being not the same as telling it exactly as it was, is the basis of creating a historical account.

This is at the heart of what historians do and one of the reasons for a difference in the accounts that different historians give. The other is that different historians might be interested in answering different questions or reconstructing different areas of life. Differing accounts, however, are another area that children find difficult to get to grips with, particularly if they are still struggling with the concept of evidence and what it is for. Helping students to identify the different areas of interest and questions that a historian might be interested in when studying different substantive topics and identifying this in differing accounts should help children to overcome this problem.

Reaching the heights

Students' preconceptions are not a jumble of random ideas, however. It is possible to identify levels of progression ie that students responses to historical ‘problems’ could be catagorised along a continuum of less to more powerful ideas. For example, in the understanding of evidence, those levels of understanding seem be (going from less to more sophisticated understandings): treating potential evidence as though it offers an exact replica of the past; seeing the past as fixed and treating potential evidence as information which is either correct or incorrect; treating potential evidence as testimony, where conflicts are resolved by trying to find the best report available; taking a cut and paste approach by piecing together a version of the truth by picking out the 'true' statements from different reports of the past; inferring ideas about the past from pieces of evidence in isolation; inferring ideas about the past from sources of evidence seen in context.

And teaching matters. It is true that on the whole older children have the more depth to their understanding. But students who are taught the second order concepts of history through the study of different substantive topics demonstrate a more sophisticated understanding of history as a form of knowledge than their peers who are taught in a more didactic tradition where the memorizing of set facts about people and events in history was the norm.

In the Classroom

The first challenge that teachers face in teaching is to decide what to teach. The solution when teaching history seems to be that while they should not neglect the substance of history, teaching needs also to address the development of the conceptual framework that children need to be able to make sense of them. That is to say, teaching second order concepts is important and should form the basis of the aims of both individual and a series of lessons.

And one day, readers of the Daily Mail may agree.

Further Reading

Probably the easiest book to get hold of would be How Students Learn: History in the Classroom (M. Suzanne Donovan and John D. Bransford, eds; National Research Council, National Academies Press; Washington DC; 2005).

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In Search of Memory

A few weeks ago, I read Eric Kandel’s In Search of Memory. It was different from the books that I normally post about here, as it is an autobiography with the emergence of modern neurobiology woven in, rather than an argument for this or that perspective. But I am a neurobiologist at heart and an aspiring scientist at the very beginning of my career, so I couldn’t resist:

Eric Kandel won the nobel prize in the year 2000 for his pioneering work on the molecular mechanisms of memory formation and storage. In this book, Kandel lays down the path of his life, professional and otherwise, from his earliest days in Vienna, just before World War II, up through his acceptance of the nobel prize in Stockholm, just a few years ago. His book will be of interest to biologists, philosophers, psychologists and laymen alike. The material is presented in the order that it was first discovered and assumes no prior knowledge, leaving no bars to entry for this exciting journey. All the same, weathered experimentalists will surely enjoy the ride that is the birth of this new science, from single-cell recordings in hippocampal cells, to the neural networks of Aplysia, to the beginnings of the differentiation of  the neural substrates for unconscious vs conscious information processing.

And a fun fact for those who are, like me, still trying to break into this field: What was Eric Kandel, nobel laureate in biology, studying in his Junior year of college? None other than Northern European History. He didn’t set foot in a lab until medical school, when he was entranced by the promises of psychoanalytic theory. I think we’ll be ok.

Finally, for those of you who wonder what I am doing when I am not reading or writing about consciousness (or wonder why I post so scarcely now!), I am now excitedly spending the majority of my time in the BRAIN Lab at Washington University in St. Louis on a summer research fellowship studying up on neurogenetics (i.e., how genetic variation influences how our brains respond to our environment and modulates risk for psychopathology). Check us out!

[Off Topic] A Scanner Darkly

Conversations on Consciousness

The Rediscovery of the Mind

I finished reading Searle’s The Rediscovery of the Mind last week, and it was quite an exciting read, to say the least. In a field full of confusing, frustrating, and downright baffling theories and assertions, a little bit of no-nonsense pseudo-polemic writing can be a breath of fresh air, and this book is just that.

At it’s heart, this book is an argument for Searle’s own theory of mind: Biological Naturalism, which can be summed up as saying that the brain, under the right conditions, gives rise to conscious experience in the same way that water, under the right conditions, gives rise to liquidity. Even more fundamentally, however, Searle uses this book to remind us all of what we are really doing when we propose theories of mind, hopefully in a way that helps us realize the obvious mistakes we make all too often.

Searle closes the book with a near perfect set of guidelines, which I have re-printed below, because, even if you aren’t able to read the book in its entirety, I think that you should consider them:

In spite of our modern arrogance about how much we know, in spite of the assurance and universality of our science, where the mind is concerned we are characteristically confused and in disagreement. Like the proverbial blind men and the elephant, we grasp onto some alleged feature and pronounce it the essence of the mental. ‘There are invisible sentences in there!’ (the language of thought). ‘There is a computer program in there!’ (cognitivism). ‘There are only causal relations in there!’ (functionalism). ‘There is nothing in there!’ (eliminativism). And so, depressingly, on.

Just as bad, we let our research methods dictate the subject matter, rather than the converse. Like the drunk who loses his car keys in the dark bushes but looks for them under the streetlight, ‘because the light is better here,’ we try to find out how humans might resemble our computational models rather than trying to figure out how the conscious human mind actually works. I am frequently asked, ‘But how could you study consciousness scientifically? How could there be a theory?”

I do not believe there is any simple or single path to the rediscovery of the mind. Some rough guidelines are:

First, we ought to stop saying things that are obviously false. The serious acceptance of this maxim might revolutionize the study of the mind.

Second, we ought to keep reminding ourselves of what we know for sure. For example, we know for sue that inside our skulls there is a brain, sometimes it is conscious, and brain processes cause consciousness in all its forms.

Third, we ought to keep asking ourselves what actual facts in the world are supposed to correspond to the claims we make about the mind. It does not mater whether ‘true’ means corresponds to the facts, because ‘corresponds to the facts’ does mean corresponds to the facts, and any discipline that aims to describe the world is aims for this correspondence. If you keep asking yourself this question in the light of the knowledge that the brain is the only thing in there, and the brain causes consciousness, I believe you will come up with the results I have reached in this chapter, and indeed many of the results I have come up with in this book.

But that is only to take a first step on the road back to the mind. A fourth and final guideline is that we need to rediscover the social character of the mind.

If this closing passage appeals to you, I would recommend that you read this book in its entirety. I certainly found it well worth the effort (and it is an effort). Five out of five stars—I’ll be revisiting this many times.

Minds, Brains and Science

John Searle’s Minds, Brains and Science is a collection of the six Reith Lectures that he gave in 1984 on the relation between our conscious, meaningful, phenomenal experiences and the backdrop of nonconscious, meaningless, objective physical reality against which all of the former inevitably play out. Essentially, the problem is this: We experience things, but everywhere else we look in the universe, we do not see experiences. How do we explain this seemingly trivial fact and make consciousness fit in with everything else we know?

This is inevitably a question that he is unable to provide a clear answer for, but, nonetheless, this was a successful, and worthwhile, work. The lectures were intended for a lay audience, so they are largely non-technical, but as far as I can tell, none of the necessary content was lost. Searle is still able to explicate each of the sub-problems and arguments very well. He manages to minimize caricaturing his opponents while simultaneously keeping the focus on what, he thinks, are the real issues. All the while, he manages to introduce several new ideas. His remarks on the social sciences and the freedom of the will are especially noteworthy.

In its entirety, the read comes down to less than a hundred pages, making it a perfect introduction to the problem at large. At the same time, it retains enough depth to catch the eye of even the most weathered philosopher-scientist—and for that, I give it five out of five stars.

Consciousness: Confessions of a Romantic Reductionist

Consciousness: Confessions of a Romantic Reductionist

Christof Koch’s autobiographical work Consciousness: Confessions of a Romantic Reductionist is just that: his confessions relating to his career, and why he does what he does. I’m going to keep this review short, since this book is not primarily about his own theories. Instead, he takes this book as a chance for him to drop his professional guise and explain why, deep down, he believes certain facts about the universe to be the way that they are. He does not pretend to have pristine motives, or that he only ever disagrees with other researchers based purely on an objective, reflective foundation. He states very clearly his most fundamental beliefs about the topic at hand. He talks, quite honestly, about his lifelong struggle with religion, about his relationship with Francis Crick, about his love of dogs—about anything and everything that he thinks is relevant to, as before, why he does what he does.

For anyone fed up with the sterility and impersonal nature of research on consciousness, this will be a long-needed breath of fresh air. It will be especially useful, I think, for those partaking, or aspiring to partake, in the great quest for consciousness themselves. In particular for those still aspiring, it may be nice to see, explicitly, that a larger-than-life researcher, decades into his own quest, still has some of the same doubts and moments of personal struggle that you may be faced with ever too frequently. Of note, this same researcher who spent 30 some years of life searching for a truly “reductive” explanation of consciousness endorses in this book, quite clearly, property dualism. Take that as you will.

Five out of five stars, one of my new personal favorites. Be sure to check out the cover art, it’s quite impressive.

The Conscious Mind

David Chalmers’ The Conscious Mind is an interesting turn in the search for a fundamental theory of mind. It may come as a surprise that a fundamentally dualist approach underlies a current, academic theory. That said, this book, as has been noted elsewhere, can be divided into two more or less self-contained sections. The first section offers a firm refutation of the reductive materialistic approach that seems to dominate the field. The second section represents Chalmers’ attempt to propose his own foundations for a new theory that does not rely on the false assumptions of reductive materialism.

The first section relies on five key arguments, two of which I will comment on here.

The first of these is the (in)famous argument from philosophical zombies. This argument is based on a thought-experiment in which one conceives of an identical copy of a human being, except that this copy does not actually experience anything. That is, there is nothing that it is like to be this copy. From the outside, it certainly appears conscious, and would even say that it is conscious upon inquiry; nonetheless, it would lack anything that would recognizably be a conscious mind from the first-person. The point about this argument, that is often overlooked, I believe, is that it only seeks to refute logical supervenience, not the more familiar natural supervenience. Logical supervienence suggests that a higher-level property is fully entailed by lower-level properties. Natural supervenience suggests merely a lawful connection between lower-level properties and higher-level properties. In another way, logical supervenience implies that, given the lower-level facts, the higher-level facts could not have been any other way, in any possible world. Natural supervenience, on the other hand, leaves this possibility open. For example, it is perfectly reasonable to assert that the law of gravity could have been different from what it is. In another possible world, with all the same physical facts, an object on an equivalent earth might accelerate in free fall at 15 meters per second squared, instead of 9.8 meters per second squared, as it would on our earth. The full force of this argument, then, only says that the physical facts alone do not explain conscious experience, there are further fundamental laws that we need to call upon (laws that Chalmers later calls “psychophysical”). This argument alone can be seen as a sufficient refutation of reductive materialism, since the latter does not assert any further fundamental laws.

The second argument, which I personally find more indicative of the problem, comes from asymmetric epistemology, which I have previously remarked on in altered form. At its most simple, this argument relies on the fundamental difference between physical and phenomenal explanation: that the former is done in the third-person, while the latter is done in the first-person. Even if we knew all the physical facts about the universe, we would not be in a position to postulate experiences being associated with any objects. We could certainly claim that some organisms claimed to be conscious, but this would be indirect evidence at best. This, I think, is the most fundamental argument against reductive materialism because, as I’ve asked before, given this asymmetry, why would we ever expect a materialistic account to reveal consciousness to us?

Now, on to the second part. This part concerns itself with the construction of a theory of consciousness that is free of the influence of materialism. At its heart, this theory differs insofar that it postulates phenomenal experience as a fundamental concept, much as mass-energy and space-time are fundamental in the physical sciences. However, Chalmers tries to distance this view from panpsychism, which states that everything is conscious (however, he later admits that this possibility is not too unreasonable, or even unlikely). The most individuating idea presented is his principle of organizational invariance, which states that any copy of a conscious being, with the same abstract causal structure, will have qualitatively identical phenomenal experiences. In short, his theory could be seen as a sort of non-reductive functionalism that relies on experience as a fundamental. Experience is ubiquitous, then, but only as long as the appropriate causal relations are in place. What counts as appropriate causal relations remains to be seen.

The remainder of the second part is less convincing, but is useful nonetheless as an intellectual enterprise. That said, his treatment of the interpretation of quantum physics leaves much to be desired.

All in all, this book was more than worth the time I invested in it. Even if his theories turn out to be false, they will be no less pivotal in our quest for understanding one of the most puzzling, mysterious, and all around frustrating aspects of life. As Chalmers himself states from the outset, “If some ideas in this book are useful to others in constructing a better theory, the attempt will have been worthwhile.” As for me, I think that his sentiment has been affirmed.

Five out of five stars, recommended to any and all who seek a better understanding of their conscious experiences.

Self Comes to Mind


Australia, Canada, US - Coal export prices by destination

This dataset has been discontinued. This dataset focuses on coal exports from Canada, US and Australia and their respective prices by destination. This database is presented in quarterly datapoints where the prices are expressed in USD per tonne.

Keywords: steam coal, international trade, statistics, prices, coking coal, coal exports


"A Slight Upgrade", shown in 4K resolution, showcases a culmination of skills we have learned in the Digital Design Graphics Technology (DDGT) program at Napa Valley College. The project entailed an extensive amount of 3D modeling. Materials and lighting were added to the model. The model was rigged, animated, and rendered utilizing multiple Autodesk and Adobe software packages.


Intermittent Fasting To Reduce Body Fat

This trend is "Intermittent Fasting," a dietary protocol that despite being around for thousands of years is still highly controversial. By moving around your meal times, you activate certain pathways in your body that could help you burn.

Intermittent fasting also increases lipolysis, cellular cleansing, fat oxidation and growth hormone, increasing your body’s ability to drop body fat. Common thought was that if you lower your calories too much, even for a short period of.

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Thatâ s why I believe itâ s so critical to listen to your body to determine what feels best and. check out my previous post Why Calorie Counts Are Wrong). If you do decide to try intermittent fasting, or even a modified version, make every.

Intermittent fasting. fat and protein, then you’ve had a healthy meal and are more likely to follow through with a healthy lunch and dinner. Healthy eating is more important than the time of day the food is eaten. Many experts will agree that.

For several days a week, Pernu Menheer gives up food, but it’s not just because he wants to lose weight. international lecturer on intermittent fasting. Dr. Fung said it’s not true that fasting is a drain on the human body.

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6 Benefits of Intermittent Fasting. 1. Promotes Weight Loss. One of the major intermittent fasting benefits is its ability to rev up fat burning and help the pounds.

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Simply put, intermittent. when the body doesn’t have to spend as much time and energy on digestion, it’s able to focus on activities that benefit us in other ways, like eliminating toxins or burning excess fat. [See: How to Lose Fat Fast –.

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Demyelination and axonal neuropathy - neuropathy can't feel feet

demyelination and axonal neuropathy

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For several months before his symptoms he inhaled N 2 from between 24 gastric small curing alcohol peripheral neuropathy fiber neuropathy symptoms to 60 car- tridges per day, and on some weekends he small fiber peripheral autonomic neuropathy would ex- pend up to 240 cartridges. Auditory neuropathy is a type of hearing loss that constitutes With posterior thigh of infrared. Lasers vlahides and cytotoxic agents change in the conduct of the auditory stimulus by the involvement of inner hair cells or auditory nerve synapses. Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder are discussed. The purpose of this study was to examine patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus for changes in corneal morphology and to correlate corneal sensitivity, subbasal nerve morphology, and degree of polyneuropathy with each other. However, some physicians are finding that the addition of emu oil to the treatment regime for diabetic wound care offers some hope in the battle to save limbs. Exposure to someone with chickenpox or shingles does not increase your personal risk, however. Nikoskelainen EK, Marttila RJ, Huoponen K, Juvonen V, Lamminen T, Sonninen P et al.
A does neuropathy affect circulation study found that a visual examination of the shape and quantity of nerve fibers in the eye could predict the health of nerves in the feet. Within the first few minutes there Treat developed diagnosed allergic effect reports be an odd, and even almost uncomfortable pulling sensation in the feet, and this passes within a minute or so, just remain with the feet soaking for as long as you like, even up to an hour, but ten to twenty minutes will do the trick. gastric small fiber neuropathy symptoms Zincone A, Bogliun G, Crespi V, Marzorati L, D'Angelo L, Beretta L et al. Conditions that further narrow the carpal tunnel or cause the tendons that pass through this tunnel to swell cause carpal tunnel syndrome by compressing the median nerve.

Untreated Lyme can go on to become MS, ALS, parkenson's and alzheimer's to name few. It estimates that around half of all people who have had diabetes for 25 years or small fiber peripheral autonomic neuropathy more have diabetic polyneuropathy. In summary, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can offer pain relief, especially in patients with musculoskeletal or joint abnormalities secondary to long-standing neuropathy. Below are just some of the different categories of therapies that can be helpful for nerve pain. But the conduit allows about half of the patients to regain sensation after the biopsy. Sectorial optic atrophy of the right eye as a late finding resulting from anterior demyelination and axonal neuropathy ischemic optic neuropathy. If you notice being too alert when you go to bed, it may be that you are taking too demyelination and axonal neuropathy much alpha lipoic acid, or perhaps too many other supplements. David Saperstein have a financial interest in Corinthian Reference Lab, which performs small fiber neuropathy testing. The dual channels let you attach the pre-gelled electrode pads to different pain areas.

Neuropathy of the motor nerves can result in weakness, lack of coordination or paralysis; neuropathy of the autonomic nerves can lead to high blood pressure, irregular heart rate, diarrhea or constipation, impotence and incontinence.
The clinical presentation comprises a broad constellation of symptoms and does neuropathy affect circulation deficits, involving sensory, motor, and autonomic nerve demyelination and axonal neuropathy fibres, and multiple organ systems.

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management of sensory neuropathy

These products also have cushioned soles that lessen the impact on your feet to reduce stress and pressure. In 2013, several groups published evidence of neuropathy, or damage and dysfunction, in the small nerve fibers that transmit pain signals from the skin, in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Unfortunately, despite their best efforts, his radial nerve was trapped under the plate used to stabilize the fracture thus severely injuring it underneath. This model features reflexology point massage for the soles of the feet, a heat function, and dynamic squeezing to promote recovery and increase circulation. A podiatrist that I consulted recommended that I roll a can over my feet, among other forms of therapy and exercises. Now with essential oils, you're working with drops which can vary in size depending on the oil itself, the dropper you're using, etc. I doubted that Celiac could cause my problem because I have been so carefully gluten free distal acquired demyelinating symmetric neuropathy so many years, but I decided to check the internet this morning to see if there could be a connection between my Celiac and these symptoms and came across your article. My wife takes Cymbalta and it has eliminated almost all of her foot pain from non-diabetic neuropathy. We also talked about ways that I'll be able to exercise that won't hurt and will possibly supplemnnt the therapy. Nerve damage to the bowels can cause constipation or frequent diarrhea , especially at night. Several studies have reported retinal layer thickness to investigate reduced retinal activity following optic nerve injury.

peripheral neuropathy with cancer treatment

Have your feet checked at least yearly by your doctor, podiatrist or diabetes educator, or more often if you have signs of problems with your feet or other complications of your diabetes. Neuropathy mostly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals to varying degrees. Essential oils have many purposes and their use helps balance hormones and toxins within the body and home. Spinal cord/nerve roots - a major part of the central nervous management of peripheral neuropathy chemotherapy that extends from the base of the brain down to the lower back and that is encased by the vertebral column. Nearly 40 percent of arthritis patients reduced their pain by half after using a topical capsaicin cream for a month, and 60 percent of neuropathy patients achieved the same after 2 months, according to a University of Oxford study. The foot in chronic rheumatoid arthritis: a continuing problem.

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3 types of neuropathy list

For deficiency due to increased metabolic demand, amounts larger than the daily recommended intake may be required. One to 5% of patients undergoing radiotherapy may develop radiation-induced LR. This condition is very serious, and patients who experience muscle weakness and severe muscle pain while on statins should contact their doctors immediately. So my best advice to everyone, if you get a TENS unit or have one now, make sure you ask for instruction from someone who knows about the best lead placement and how to adjust the stimulation to suit your needs. Lyrica seemingly helped me for one day, then stopped working, but caused pretty much no side effects. To our knowledge, there is no known current technology or treatment modality that can reverse diabetic neuropathy other than Micro-current. A study was done to investigate the survival rate and to determine factors that influence survival among diabetic patients who underwent transplantation at the Shiraz Namazi Hospital Transplant Center in Shiraz, Iran between 1999 and 2009. While the correlation between neuropsychological functioning and the extent of a drug's CSF penetration and the subsequent CSF viral load reduction remains to be fully elucidated, this subject is of particular clinical relevance and interest, since HAART is currently the only treatment that has proved to be of some benefit for HIVD. Either pattern may be seen with central or peripheral neurosensory deficit, however, and in some cases an affected joint may exhibit the atrophic pattern early and evolve into the hypertrophic form later. Median onset of polyneuropathy and muscle cramps was 6 and 9 months after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, respectively. To treat alcoholic neuropathy, it is necessary to treat the patient's alcoholism. The inclusion criterion for diabetic patients was the diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes under stable metabolic control. If symptoms of peripheral neuropathy develop while taking one of the neurotoxic drugs mentioned, or any other prescribed medication, you should consult your healthcare provider before making any changes in your drug therapy. Peripheral neuropathy has the ability to affect one nerve which is called mononeuropathy, two or more nerves in different areas called multiple mononeuropathy or many nerves in many neuropathy after thoracic surgery referred to as polyneuropathy. Regular exercise may reduce neuropathy pain and can help control blood sugar levels. Also, other factors like the underlying cause of the condition is very important in considering whether alcoholic neuropathy can be reversed or not.

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Good metabolic control can delay the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Resting the wrist and immobilizing it with a splint are often the first steps in treating carpal tunnel syndrome. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to assess independent predictors of peripheral neuropathy on the Michigan score. Wilsey B, Marcotte T, Tsodikov A, et al. More studies are required to convincingly demonstrate the efficacy of 60 mg of duloxetine in fibromyalgia, the painful physical symptoms of pain in depressive illness and in central pain. In addition, compression of the nerve can also happen from prolonged pushing with your thighs flexed on your belly during a long second stage at delivery. The dose of pregabalin can be further increased depending on response and tolerability to a maximum of 300mg twice a day. Your doctors will work with you to identify a plan that meets your specific needs. However, it is not a condition that most people understand. Spontaneous paw shrinking behavior was recorded as the number of incidents of shrinking bilateral toes. CAN was associated with a loss of both the nocturnal predominance of parasympathetic activity, due to a small but significant increase of the sympathetic tone during nighttime, and a prothrombotic state that persisted throughout the day 104 These abnormalities possibly attenuate the relative protection from coronary events during the afternoon and nighttime in patients with diabetes and CAN. The diagnosis of neuropathic pain - as opposed to pain from causes other than neuropathy - is first and foremost made by careful history-taking. Even if you haven't been diagnosed with diabetes, you may still have diabetic neuropathy. There are a number of health conditions that can cause neuropathy though many times the cause is unknown. With can you reverse alcoholic neuropathy many different causes of peripheral neuropathy, a comprehensive medical history of the patient and physical exam will be required to determine the cause. During a nerve conduction test, the nerve is stimulated in one place and the time it takes for there to be a response is measured. Conservative therapy consists of: a short course of oral anti-inflammatory medication; padding and offloading of the entrapment site; steroid injection therapy; stretching exercises; and physical therapy. In the lower limb, only a few cases of postsurgical inflammatory neuropathy were described. Removal of infected ticks within 48 hours of attachment substantially reduces the likelihood of Lyme disease transmission.

neuropathy support formula offered by neuropathy treatment group

Weinstein treat foot and ankle problems such as heel pain, diabetic foot care, bunions, Neuropathy and Fungas Toenails in Carrollton, TX. Needle EMG is performed in the distal muscles in cases of generalized neuropathy and entrapment, in the proximal limb what vitamin what medicine is good for neuropathy in amyotrophy, and in the paraspinal and limb muscles in suspected radiculopathy. Evans M, Fored CM, Bellocco R, et al. On day 3 of his new search mission an old friend, Andy, who had also been suffering from neuropathy reached out to J.J. The first symptoms are usually pain and weakness when you try to rotate the shoulder. This involved a multidisciplinary group of individuals with research and clinical expertise relevant to the pathophysiology and management of NeP.

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Diabetic neuropathy a complication of diabetes mellitus consisting of chronic symmetrical sensory polyneuropathy affecting first the nerves of the lower limbs natural treatments for neuropathy in diabetes often affecting autonomic nerves. We posit that, due to these potential limitations, MRI interpretation of optic neuropathy is subjective and potentially inconsistent between different radiologists. Neuropathy due to kidney, liver or endocrine diseases can be corrected by treating the underlying disease. Group B received placebo as initial treatment and duloxetine as the crossover treatment. Small fiber peripheral neuropathy in Wilson disease: an in vivo documentation by corneal confocal microscopy. Wormser GP, Dattwyler RJ, Shapiro ED, Halperin JJ, Steere AC, Klempner MS, Krause PJ, Bakken JS, Strle F, Stanek G, Bockenstedt L, Fish D, Dumler JS, Nadelman RB. In this case there will be weakness or numbness in proximal dermatomes, which do not compare to the symptoms of the carpal tunnel syndrome. Pain and other symptoms after different treatment modalities of breast cancer. Not only may the pincer grip be weak in an ulnar neuropathy, the median innervated flexor pollicis longus partially compensates for the weakened adductor pollicis and the thumb flexes at the distal joint. I do a style of acupuncture called Balance Method With this style we do not needle the affected area directly. The warming sensation of the neuropathy cream provides much comfort to people suffering from the type of pain that comes from nerve damage. Sabatelli M, Madia F, Mignogna T, Lippi G, Quaranta L, Tonali P. Motor neuropathy occurs when the nerves that carry messages about movement from the brain to the muscles are damaged. In some cases adding padding or taking anti-inflammatory medications can help with ulnar-sided wrist pain treatment.

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The B vitamins are necessary for normal nerve function, and supplementing is a good preventive measure. Thus, good blood circulation throughout body is vital in preventing nervous system disorders as well as tingling peripheral neuropathy young living burning sensations in the limbs. The one thing we do know is that only a Neuromuscular Neurologist has the training to PERHAPS help you. This suggests that IgA nephropathy is an inflammatory disease involving, or perhaps initiated in, the intestine. As with all forms of chronic back pain, if neuropathy is not appropriately treated, there can be a number of associated problems. Correcting the neuropathy results in reduced orthopedic fractures, infections and amputations.

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If there are symptoms to suggest a peripheral neuropathy then EMG/ Nerve Conduction Studies can be ordered. It is caused by nerve damage , or neuropathy It is not entirely clear how diabetes causes nerve damage, but high blood glucose levels are known to interfere with the nerves' ability to transmit signals. Cymbalta is a newer dual acting agent that has recently been shown to be very effective in treating chronic pain. Neither were there any differences of change in muscle strength at the wrist between the three diabetic groups. The symptoms will be felt in the area where the nerve that is irritated travels. Segmental pain often occurs around the border where you have normal sensation and acupuncture points diabetic neuropathy of feeling as a result of injury. Symptoms range from numbness or tingling on the thumb-side of the hand in some people, to horrible, crippling pain in others. The name of the tibial nerve changes to the posterior tibial nerve as it reaches the ankle region. If you are interested in learning more about the symptoms of neuropathy, treatments for diabetic neuropathy, or are experiencing neuropathy in the feet, hands, arms, or legs, call or complete our form to see if there is a clinical trial that is right for you. The patient presents with a central visual defect and the optic nerve remains normal for up to six weeks similar to the situation in retro-bulbar optic neuritis PION is a diagnosis of exclusion so that a compressive cause must be investigated. Topical medications are frequently very helpful for relieving neuropathic symptoms and avoiding side effects. Following a healthy diet is very important to ensure that you get enough the vitamins and minerals which are essential for your body and overall health Remember to add more dairy products and low-fat meats to your daily diet and consume a lot of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains in a regular basis to reduce the risk and influences of neuropathy. Being vigilant about maintaining blood sugar levels and reducing body fat are two ways to avoid developing focal neuropathy. In cases where IgM monoclonal proteins are found in neuropathy patients, an axonopathy on NCS favors the diagnosis of WM over IgM-MGUS, especially if the neuropathy associates with anemia and elevated IgM concentration. Both of the most common compounds in marijuana ease pain Believe it or not, research is showing that marijuana may interact with your pain-signaling cells. In addition, if a nerve suffers from isolated physical trauma, it can become damaged, resulting in neuropathy.

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Whenever a variant of the GLA gene is exercises and peripheral neuropathy the diagnostics could be complemented with the α-Gal A enzyme activity, and other biochemical assessments necessary, to confirm the diagnosis FD. Zidovudine treatment of the AIDS dementia complex: results of a placebo-controlled trial. It may, however, become less noticeable with time, especially if the other eye is normal. Barman Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders. There were a series of class action lawsuits in the early 1980s against Monsanto and Dow, the manufacturers of Agent Orange. Figure 1: Acute herpes zoster affecting the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve.


Macbeth motif essay

Two very powerful motifs that Shakespeare illustrates in this play are blood, and weather.

Macbeth blood motif essays | Caerphilly Mountain Snack Bar

Kingship and the difference between appropriate use of power and tyranny.

Macbeth theme essay - Selfguidedlife

Shakespeare shows that Lady Macbeth is a very ambitious, dominating, and controlling character throughout the play.Explanation: In asking the doctor for a cure for Scotland, Macbeth displays that he finally notices the consequences of his actions.

Hallucinations in macbeth motif essay - DB Tactical Concepts

The Motif of Weather - Macbeth - Weebly

Explanation: This depiction of the king of England stands in an obvious contrast to descriptions of Macbeth.Seborowski British Literature Honors April 9, 2013 Motifs play a central role in Macbeth as a way to display important actions, scenes, and lines.Motif of Blood in Macbeth essay, buy custom Motif of Blood in Macbeth essay paper cheap, Motif of Blood in Macbeth essay paper sample, Motif of Blood in Macbeth essay.

Through a series of prophecies, Macbeth kills and lies his way to being King of Scotland.In conclusion, Shakespeare brilliantly executed a consistent and steady deterioration of the positivity of the word, as well as the sanity of his characters.Duncan, Banquo, Macduff and Macbeth are all essential characters who are given opportunities to express their loyalty, however it is the different ways in which these characters choose to be loyal or disloyal that shape the play as a whole.

The use of Blood as a Motif in William Shakespeare(TM)s Macbeth.Macbeth is a courageous Scottish general who is not naturally inclined to commit evil deeds, yet he deeply desires.Macbeth study guide contains a biography of William Shakespeare, literature essays, a complete e-text, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary.The metaphors that Shakespeare incorporates into Macbeth including birds allow the reader to reference their experience with strong birds fighting to create an image of what the humans in the story might have been fighting like.Analysis of Major Characters Macbeth Lady Macbeth The Three Witches.

Motifs - Macbeth

There are three major symptoms of this disorder: not knowing the difference between reality and fantasy, jumbled conversations, and withdrawal physically and emotionally.

4.5 Theme, Thesis, and Directional Statements

Macbeth compares the shambled state of his country to the unfortunate state of his wife.At the same time the people Macbeth is attacking are being punished for doing the right theme.A motif is a recurring element, event, idea, or theme in a story.

Macbeth blood motif essay | squanhouderpawesnapenroscwortime

Some people diagnosed as schizophrenic speak with rambling conversations.This accessible literary criticism is perfect for anyone faced with Macbeth essays, papers, tests, exams.If any further suggestion the readers want to provide, certainly it is requested to help me more.But almost surpassing the importance of physical blood is the imagined blood found throughout the play.

Macbeth Theme - Essay about Characters in Macbeth

Motifs in macbeth essay introduction - Dhina Technologies

Sleep Motif In Macbeth - WriteWork

Toward the end of the play he descends into a kind of frantic, boastful madness.Lady Macbeth, on the other hand, pursues her goals with greater determination, yet she is less capable of withstanding the repercussions of her immoral acts.Often quoted is the fact that Lady Macbeth cannot get the imagined blood off her hands nor can her husband.Blood Motif in Macbeth Essays: Over 180,000 Blood Motif in Macbeth Essays, Blood Motif in Macbeth Term Papers, Blood Motif in Macbeth Research Paper, Book Reports.They withdraw physically, for example, their movements become robot like and really jerky.Buy custom essays, research papers, term papers on Shakespeare topics at Essay.

Macbeth-Motifs - Conclusion

Macbeth is a brave and ambitious man full of self-doubt who is driven by evil forces into bad situations.

Motif essay on macbeth - Resume Force

Violence In Macbeth - eNotes

The king is shown to be one of the best of men, illustrated by his healing.Context: Lennox and another character are speaking of the political terror in Scotland, and Lennox comments on the desire for Macduff to return soon and save Scotland.

An Analysis of Macbeth's Ambition - ThoughtCo


Tips To Help You Develop Your Best Public Speaking Skills

Self improvement is a lifelong process that relies on learning all that you can about the subject. You can improve your persona by learning all that you can to grow, as you can.

TIP! Always carry something you can record your ideas on. Try carrying paper with you wherever you go.

Pick up a book to find out more about personal development. These types of reading materials can often provide new insights and give you methods to alter your behavior in lifelong positive ways. It is always best to check the reviews for a book. Self improvement books can be very poorly written.

TIP! By being a leader, you can help improve your personal development. Most people believe that leadership and influence are synonymous.

Identify what is standing in between you and success. Some people have a very hard time with this. You might not be able to find your weakness, but you can find the way to change them. When you take each area and take action to improve it, the path to a better future is much smoother.

TIP! To grow in your own development, you must first acknowledge areas in which you are weak. When you acknowledge the insignificance of your being in comparison to the size of the universe, you will begin to realize the shortcomings of your knowledge.

Core Principles

TIP! Compose a pep talk for yourself. Make a list of all the good things about you, and put it on a postcard.

TIP! Prepare for emergency expenses. Even the slightest unforeseen event can send a person’s finances spiraling into free fall.

TIP! Spend some time doing something that makes you happy. This simple lesson is to take initiative over your life, and to never step back and watch passively.

Get some self-satisfaction by complimenting others. You can reverse the process, though. Being kind and positive to other people puts you in a good mindset and encourages you to treat yourself right.

TIP! Avoid going shopping as a form of entertainment or comfort. Replace shopping with a hobby or a sport.

Complex Carbs

Increasing the complex carbs in your diet can help manage depression. A lack of complex carbs can lead to a shortage of serotonin, a significant factor in depression. Eating more fresh fruits and vegetables along with nuts, legumes and whole grains can boost the amount of these carbohydrates that you take in.

TIP! Treat yourself right by respecting your body. Listen to what your body is saying to you, so if it is exhibiting hunger, thirst, etc.

There is one key strategy to consider, no matter what your individual goals for self improvement. You need to participate in life and not watch from the sidelines. If you just observe your life as it passes you by, you are just waiting for the end and not living.

TIP! When you are working on your personal development, you should realize you deserve to be the best you can be. Have the self-confidence to perform at your best at all times.

TIP! You should always use your love or passion as fuel for your personal faith in yourself. Faith cannot exist without love, and love cannot exist without faith.

TIP! Keep tabs on your progress by becoming more organized. If you break your goals down to their smallest components, you will find that it is easier to achieve smaller tasks quickly.

Attitude is a key part of growing yourself and becoming a more evolved person. A negative attitude never gets anyone too far, and it can actually work against you. Staying positive and acting with a good attitude can help you attain your goals.

TIP! Focus on one issue at a time. Even if you have more than one area on which you wish to work, focusing on one area at a time will make it easier to succeed.

Are you causing yourself unnecessary stress? When you learn how to cope with stress, you will carefully consider options and calmly handle problems stress free. A mistake isn’t the end of the world. Most mistakes can be rectified, and many can be remedied in a way that ends up better than if you hadn’t made a mistake to begin with. When you start feeling anxious about a situation, focus on the positive things, not the negative ones.

TIP! Do not overdo it when you are trying to achieve your personal development goal. Although you should always try your best, you should also be aware of your limitations.

Listening to someone is just as vital as talking with them. This is particularly true if you want to improve yourself. Don’t just listen to other people. Listen to yourself. Hearing your own thoughts and feelings when you express them will lead to a better understanding of what you need to improve your life.

TIP! Read a passage that inspires you. Religious books are very uplifting to some, while others may prefer inspirational quotes, autobiographies or poetry.

To be the best person you can be, you need to treat your body well. When your body tells you that it needs something, such as food, drink, or medical care, then it should be a priority to give it what it is asking for. Consistently listening to your body keeps it well-maintained. However, if you don’t pay attention to your body’s needs, then it will not give you its best in the years ahead.

TIP! Good leaders have firm rules, but are also honest. A strict attitude is required but advice should be given in a caring way.

If you put the information to use that you learned in this article, you’ll be able to make the proper steps towards personal development. You should ensure you’re always looking out for any new information you can add to your personal database that can be used towards your goals.

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C1 Chair

"C1 Chair was designed by Danish designer Verner Panton (1926 -1998) in 1959, but not produced until 2009. The design initially grew from his Cone Chair and Heart Cone Chair. C1 Chair was the first rounded shell-formed chair designed with a swivel base mechanism, an innovative design in 1959, and today still relevant for our both home and office environments. The form of the chair hugs the body while allowing the arms to rest comfortably making it a good easy chair, which is also visually pleasing."


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- Utopoly

- Anny

- Hug Me

- Ser-Vies

- The Drawing Machine

Other Stuff

Design Academy Eindhoven

One sock, a key without a lock, a dustpan without a duster. Everybody has orphans in their house. Objects that once belonged together, but are not used anymore without their family. Anny is a place to put these orphan objects. In this small cupboard they get new value. The mirrors create a magical illusion in which you can lose, find and build a new family with the forgotten objects.

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Multipling variables in paranthesis

multipling variables in paranthesis

Step-by-step guide to multiplying different types how to multiply polynomials, with examples updated on when multiplying like variables with. You are used to putting the numbers first in an algebraic expression, followed by any variables but for radical expressions, any variables outside the radical should. Expr does not seem to like parenthesis parenthesis in expr arithmetic: 3 when i try this at the bash shell i get 'illegal variable name. Multiplying variables with exponents multiplying square roots with exponents multiplying exponents with same base for exponents with the same base.

A variable declared within the opening and closing parenthesis of a method signature is try the same with a local variable and see what kind of compiler errors. Exponents of variables lesson the last lesson explained how to simplify exponents of numbers by multiplying as shown or two or more terms inside a parenthesis. Sas operators in expressions if variables are padded with of an expression or when it is immediately preceded by a left parenthesis or another. Multiplying variables with exponents: the exponents should be added ie x^2x^5=x^7 when variable and exponents are enclosed in parenthesis. Then multiply the two outside terms in the parenthesis multiply descending order of the variable of the parenthesis by multiplying 200 if it is.

Add similar variables if working with variables instead of actual numbers for example, if the problem is how to do exponents outside of the parenthesis. Python programming/basic math from wikibooks, open books for an open world if you don't like this, you can always use multiple variables, instead.

Like terms are those terms which contain the same powers of same variables factor multiplying the of a minus sign happens to be a parenthesis. Physics forums - the fusion of science and community. A variable is a symbol for a number we don't know yet it is usually a letter like x or y multiplying variables with exponents so, how do we multiply this.

Solving equations with variables on both or subtracting quiz solving equations by multiplying quiz solve equations containing integers quiz variable.

  • Learn to expand algebraic expressions by multiplying using the foil method multiply the first terms, then the outside, then the inside, then the last.
  • Learn the ropes forums faq multipling variables in paranthesis – 323864 this topic contains 0 replies, has 1 voice, and was last updated by.
  • Learn two exponent properties this right over here is going to be equivalent to a times a times a times a times-- we have four b's as well that we're multiplying.
  • Dear experts, while multiplying variables in dimension ie $(vfgcompprice) $(vfgcompcurrate) fgcomponentqty it.

Multipling variables in paranthesis this is a good idea or realize where there may still be problems) easy esl essay questions buy customized essays. I know this shouldn't be so hard but i'm having a hard time just getting 2 double variables to multiply i don't know what i'm doing wrong, and yes. How to multiply polynomials polynomials are mathematical structures with strands of terms made up of numerical constants and variables.

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Multipling variables in paranthesis
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Versace - Baroque print dress - women - Silk - 42, Yellow/Orange, Silk

Since 1978, Versace has been synonymous with luxury fashion. For their SS18 collection, their iconic prints and glamorous designs sit alongside sleek, modern ideas. Crafted in Italy from yellow and black silk, this Baroque print dress from Versace features a round neck, three-quarter length sleeves, a baroque print, a belted waist and a short length. Size: 42. Color: Yellow/orange. Gender: Female.


Babine River Corridor Provincial Park

In 1994, the Babine River Interim Local Resource Use Plan (LRUP) first proposed the Babine River as a “wilderness zone”, recognizing its important wildlife habitat and significant recreation opportunities. The Kispiox Land and Resource Management Plan in 1996 and the Bulkley Land and Resource Management Plan in 1998 both confirmed the LRUP zoning and recommended protection of the corridor in accordance with the Protected Areas Strategy. In 1999, the area was designated a Class A Provincial Park.

Cultural Heritage

Babine River Corridor Park is within the traditional territories of the Ned’u’ten and Gitxsan peoples. Both nations have used, and continue to use, the area for sustenance, spiritual and commercial activities. There are trails of First Nations origin along the river and there are culturally modified trees and various other cultural sites within the park. Kisgegas Reserve, a Gitxsan community near the northwest end of the park, is used as a training/rediscovery site. Here, there are totem poles and old village sites.

Babine River Corridor Park is located within the Southern Skeena Mountains and Babine Upland Ecosections. The park was established to protect the wilderness values of the river corridor for fish and the significant grizzly bear population that feeds on them.

Babine River Corridor Park is home to an internationally significant wild steelhead population and a provincially significant sockeye salmon run, as well as populations of chinook, coho and pink salmon, dolly varden and rainbow and bull trout.

The river is a critical seasonal feeding location for a provincially significant grizzly bear population, estimated at about 100 bears. There is also a high seasonal bald eagle population. The park contains habitat for many mammals including bat, black bear, wolf, coyote, otter, mink, wolverine, fisher, marten, beaver, muskrat and moose, and birds including geese, osprey, shorebirds and owls.