10 Art Lost and Not Found

1 . The Davidoff – Morini Stradivarius

3 . ” Le Pigeon aux Petits Pois ” By Pablo Picasso

5 . ” Concert ” By Johannes Vermeer

6 . ” The Just Judges ” By Jan Van Eyck

8 . ” Charing Cross Bridge , London ” By Claude Monet

9 . Faberge Egg Collection Eight Owned kingdom

Tips Agar Terhindar dari FLU

1. Kaus kaki

2. Air Garam

3. Olahraga ringan

4. Minum Teh

5. Tidur Cukup

Chariklo – Asteroids with Two Ring

Ringed planet ? No wonder gun.
But , is there a more heavenly objects like asteroids that ringed pretty well?

The latest research shows that there are things like that . Astronomers find first ringed asteroid in the universe.

Felipe Braga – Ribas do observation on Chariklo , heavenly objects that orbit the Sun between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus do Observatories Nacional , Rio de Janeiro .

Chariklo is known objects denganm term Centaur , objects between the orbits of Jupiter to Uranus which have unstable orbits .
Centaur may be a comet or asteroid guns.

Observations on 3 June 2013, leveraging okultasi events , where Chariklo across the face of a star that is located far away in space.

When Chariklo crossing , starlight is dimmed , allowing astronomers mengobservasi Chariklo more detail .

Using seven telescopes, astronomers crew to mengobervasi more Chariklo shape and size by measuring the star dimmed when okultasi ever happened .

Braga – Ribas finds a strange pattern of dimming stars . It is suspected that the pattern is caused by the gas released by Chariklo .

However , in the end he knew that was not happening because of the peculiarity of gas , but because of two rings that surround the 250 km diameter object .

” This is very surprising , ” said Braga – Ribas as quoted by National Geographic , Wednesday ( 03/26/2014 ) .

Two ring their own width 7 and 3 yards.
Both are separated as far as 9 miles .

Braga – Ribas and his team named the ring Oiapoque and Chiu , based on the name of a river in the north and the south of Brazil .

There is a ring structure explain the strange phenomenon found in Chariklo 1997 to 2008 .
The object dimmed and the signs of the water in the form of ice disappeared.

Braga – Ribas explains, while the ring structure Chariklo are not visible to the human point of view on Earth .

When the ring structure visible from the point of view of people on Earth , then Chariklo will again appear bright and signs of the water will return terobservasi .

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5 FILM Horror More creepy than ” The Conjuring “

The latest film produced this year is ” The Conjuring ” by James Wan are to be commended . Considered to be the most sinister films this year , the film tells the story of Ed and Lorraie Warren (played by Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga ) , two paranormal investigators who are called by the Perron family to investigate paranormal activity is going on in their new home . However , unnoticed by partner Warren , evil creatures which were in the house now instead turned to pursue them .

But of course , ” The Conjuring ” is not the only horror film adaptation of the actual events . We see a similar five other films :

1 . The Amityville Horror (2005 )

One of the most famous horror film adaptation of a true story , ” The Amityville Horror ” is made based on the book written by the couple George and Kathy Lutz .

In 1976 , the couple moved into a house in Long Island which is the scene of the horrific mass murder when a man brutally killed six members of his family in 1974 . Of course , creepy things start to happen when the Lutz family moved to the place they heard the voices of unseen at noon , feeling cold spots throughout the house , seeing visions of creepy and even watched their walls ” bleed ” with green slime .

Ed and Lorraine Warren original , of the film “The Conjuring ” , was invited to investigate the house . Lorraine then claimed that the incident at the haunted house is not a lie as claimed by some people . The place is very haunted and the presence of evil beings was very strong ; couple’s move after only 28 days stay in the house .

2 . The Exorcism of Emily Rose ( 2005)

To be honest , the movie ” The Exorcism of Emily Rose ” is a movie that is pretty creepy , and felt ten times more creepy when you know that the film was made based on the story of a German girl named Anneliese 16-year -old Michel .

In 1968 , what was once a carefree teenager began to show symptoms of trance . Over the years , Anneliese claimed gets hearing voices saying that he was ” cursed ” and will be ” tormented in hell . ” She stopped eating and torturing himself, and in 1975 , when her parents are confident that their children possessed some nasty creatures , two priests perform exorcism rites over a period of 10 months .

During that time , Anneliese rarely eat and in July 1976 he died of starvation . Both the pastor and Anneliese’s parents tried and convicted of the murder charges , and was sentenced to six months in prison .

3 . The Haunting in Connecticut (2009 )

In 1986 , Carmen Snedeker and her husband rented a place in Connecticut in order to be closer to the medical specialists who treat their son Paul ( 14 ) with cancer .

The family later learned that the house was once used as a funeral home , and shortly thereafter , Paul had a vision and began to see spirits . Snedeker family then began to hear voices and see shadows unseen spirits , with Carmen describes one such ghost ” very thin , with high cheekbones , long black hair and very dark eyes . “

All the more terrible when Paul was possessed and start attacking members of his family . Ed and Lorraine Warren were called to conduct an investigation and after an exorcism to rid the house of spirits , Lorraine told reporters that the incident actually ” much more terrifying than all the movies there . ” Gosh ! How horrible events ?

4 . The Entity (1982 )

” The Entity ” is one of the most horrible movie ever made , and the real story of the movie which was made even more horrible. Described as one of the most disturbing paranormal events ever, a woman named Doris Bither claimed he was tortured and raped spirits .

After the attack spirits countless , both physically and sexually , Doris paranormal investigators ask for help Kerry Gaynor and Barry Taff in 1974 . And the creature would not be bothered : Kerry and Barry watching moving objects in the home of Doris , a ball of light hovering , and even they see the apparition , though it did not strike Doris . After doing a lot of consideration , Doris moved from his home and he was no longer haunted .

5 . The Exorcist ( 1973)

” The Exorcist ” was bad enough , right ? Especially when the film was named as the most horrific films of all time by several magazines . But , how would you react if I say that the movie was actually based on a true story ?

” The Exorcist ” was adapted from the real exorcism performed on boy aged 14 years in 1949 . The child , whose pen name is known as Roland Doe , trying to communicate with her aunt a few days after his death , by using a Ouija board and no doubt , some magical things start to happen . Furniture began to move on its own , scratching and knocking sound often heard at night and Roland bed shook violently and even float .

Roland neighbors began to realize that strange things happened in that house , and when the boy’s behavior changed drastically – she stay away from sacred objects and speak with the voice of Satan – some pastors are called to perform an exorcism .

They are reportedly doing more than 30 exorcism against Roland . A pastor said that he saw the word ” devil ” and ” hell ” that mysteriously appeared on the boy’s body . After the exorcism is complete , dinyatakanlah that Roland is back to normal . Of course the events in the film possessed it is overrated , but the original story is much more frightening .

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Theories On Earth Ever Trusted Man

Round Earth Theory

Yes , the idea of the most renowned of the theory of the earth is round, it is believed by most people until now . Initially, before the advent of this theory , the most widely believed theory is the Flat Earth Theory which will be discussed below . As we all know about this theory , this theory says that the earth is round like a ball shape ( though not completely round ) .

The person most associated with the idea of this theory is Phytagoras confirming the theory of Plato ( Greek ancient philosopher ) that the earth is round. But that probably most of us know is about Columbus’s voyage (to be discussed in the Flat Earth Theory below )

Flat Earth Theory

Never believed to 17th century , this theory says that the Earth is flat like a disc shape (disk ) . This theory is the mathematical believed to Greek and European ones believer earth is round. This misconception has also been trusted by Christopher Columbus ( Discoverer Americas ) , to break her own beliefs voyage . Therefore sebagi voyages also called ‘ Myth of the Flat Earth’.

In 1956 , a Flat Earth Society assembly that supports this theory is made. Even in 1980 , although there has been evidence that says that the earth is shaped like a ball, one of the people of this grouping named Charles Johnson publishes that it believed the earth was flat . This he got from looking at the flat surface of the lake water , it says if the earth is round so at least there will be a curve ( curvature ) in a body of water .

Hollow Earth Theory

This theory was triggered by John Symmes , a former U.S. Army captain in the war of 1812 . It believer that the world has a thick shell of 800 miles, with an opening at both poles and the number of layers in the range of cengkungan – cengkungan . Cengkungan this is where we and the animals live .

If you’re confused , imagine you see the stars at night, you certainly will see thick dark night is not it? Well, John Symmes say that what you see is actually the center of the Earth or our World .

 Fixed Earth Theory

You may recognize this theory as a theory geosentris . Fixed Earth Theory or geosentris theory says that the Earth was the center of the Solar System and all other objects in the solar system circling the earth as the center.

Remarkably, the theory of Ptolemy ‘s diargumentasikan survive in astrology chart for 1500 years . Until finally proved wrong by people like Copernicus , Galileo , or Kepler . Believe it or not , there are still people who believe this theory until now . If you meet these people , especially in a party or banquet together , you may need to rethink where parking offenses from your life.

Counter Earth Theory

There is no expiration on the existence of imagination ” Other Earth ” out there , Counter Earth Theory is one theory that says about this. It says that there is a parallel earth in this universe , we never see this because it is the exact opposite orbit our planet ‘s orbit and on the other side of the sun. This scenario is also available in the 2011 film , Another Earth .

If we think about the facts and the evidence that has been collected and have been there before, then we can say that this theory very unlikely. This theory in old age might still be acceptable due to the lack of technology to monitor, or endorsement mefoto go outer space. But with the advent of technology , we can prove that there is nothing on the other side of the earth orbits the sun .

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Mount the importance of the Global Climate

Why mountains can influence the world’s climate ? The new study on mountain climate , indicate if the rate of temperature caused by the growth of vegetation has an important role in regulating the global climate .

Researchers from the University of Oxford calls if some of the mountain into a ” thermostat ” to regulate global climate . In warm climates , trees grow faster and in order to destroy the rock that contains carbon dioxide . The climate control cleaning process of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere , so that the global climate will decrease .

Christopher Doughty , one of the researchers involved , said , ” This case has always been a mystery why our climate is always stable , whereas in the earth often abrupt climate changes that have an impact on life. “

Unfortunately , the researchers do not think that ” natural thermostat ” can prevent human-caused climate change .

” This process can indeed stabilize , but it takes a long time . It takes thousands to millions of years in order to stabilize the climate , this process will not be comparable to the CO2 produced by humans , resulting from the use of fossil fuels . “

Although still in its early stages , the present invention may be useful to deepen our understanding of the origins of life on earth , may also provide clues about how climate change may affect life in the future .

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Healthy Lifestyle and Aging True

Grosir Tas Import Murah Batam – Here , a healthy lifestyle and youthful that you can make reference to start living a healthy life programs so that you can look younger age though you ‘ve not exactly young anymore :

  • Exercise , the habit of sitting too long in the office , watching TV and other activities that do not need to perform body movement must be balanced with exercise . Choose the type of sport that you like , so you’ll be happy to do so . By exercising a rigid body will be fit .
  • The second lifestyle is smart food choices , you must be smart to choose foods , multiply to consume vegetables and fruits . You also can choose foods that contain high levels of fiber , such as whole grains . Select eat, shop also containing lean protein , such as fish , chicken and tofu . For those of you who like to drink milk , it would be nice if you choose low fat milk .
  • Maintaining emotional health , every human being must have a problem , and sometimes the problem can not be solved that cause stress , so you avoid prolonged stress diversion activities do . For the time being you can forget your problems and relax a little bit , refresh your mind by meditating , doing fun things with friends or exchanging ideas with your close friends who might be able to give you a way out of your problem is .
  • Choosing a healthy relationship , having a healthy relationship is important because the role of friends in our lives is enormous . Make sure you have a friend who is not a negative influence . In dealing with others , you have the right to be respected , valued and considered important .

Healthy and youthful life is hopefully increase your knowledge and desire to live a healthy life is created from within you , all will be useless if you yourself are not ready to change your habits , for it Instill

confidence in yourself so you can get maximum results . Hopefully these tips on a healthy lifestyle can help you solve the problems being faced , seen in the field of health and beauty .

Benefits of Bananas

Grosir Tas Vintage – Benefits of bananas can be obtained from the content of vitamins and fiber . To learn more about the benefits that you can get from eating a banana , please examine a brief description below :

Digestion . Smooth digestion will affect the health and body shape , people who prefer to eat but rarely bowel movements tend to have a distended stomach problems because of the dirt that settles it should be wasted and stored in the body . How easy is assessed powerful digestive problems by eating bananas is rich in fiber content .

Create a mood for the better . Bananas can be a healthier alternative to foods you eat when you feel the middle of a bad mood . You are initially bad mood could turn out to be more stable after eating a banana . Prepare any bananas on the counter when your partner is in a bad mood so the mood for the better .

Overcome ulcer . Bad habit of eating late make your ulcer relapse , you can overcome heartburn with trying to eat bananas , existing acid in the fruit banana assessed powerful to overcome your heartburn .

Bananas can relieve itching caused from the bite of banana nyamuk.Manfaat this one you can get directly from the skin of a banana. It’s easy, just provide banana peel which you then use as a wart on the skin that itch .

In the beauty world banana can be used as a remedy acne removal , teeth whitening and moisturizing the skin . To get rid of pimples and whiten your teeth , you need a banana peel . Substances in bananas is believed to treat acne and help make teeth look whiter , just rub a banana peel ripe for acne prone skin and the surface of the tooth . Do it that way every day so that the results are visible . Banana fruit can also be utilized to make the mask , you can simply cut the bananas and then put the banana slices to the surface of the face that you want.

Benefits of bananas turned out very much , is not it? So , there is no reason to reject bananas were served at home . Bananas can also be processed into a wide variety of delicious foods , such as ice or as a mixture of green banana fruit ice . Consumption of bananas is more advisable for people who were menjani diet , because the consumption of bananas make the body become more easily satisfied so that the desire to eat can be delayed .

Six Fruits For Diet

This could be because the fruit contains fiber which is large enough , then what are the fruits that are suitable for consumption when dieting? Grosir Tas

This sour fruit usually eaten as salad mix , but in fact it is quite the star fruit because it has helped streamline the body . The enzyme contained in pineapple fruit believed to prevent fat storage in the body so that the body will not get fat . Pineapples contain enough vitamins , of which there are vitamins A, B , Vitamin C and Vitamin E.

This fruit is popular among people who are dieting , because it has been proven to be effective . Consumption of just two apples every day then certainly your body become slimmer faster . High fiber content is able to prevent the absorption of sugar . Consumption of apples can also speed up the body’s metabolism .

Lemon and citrus fruits are rich in water content and vitamin C are able to stimulate fat burning in the body so that fat is slowly reduced , so it is possible if you regularly consume fruit is acidic , your body becomes more slender and weight loss .

can also be categorized as a fruit to the diet . Same with lemon and grapefruit , watermelon is also rich in water , vitamin C and contain potassium . Watermelon can activate the hormone thyroxine is beneficial to help accelerate fat burning .

The fruit is often associated with the fruit of love , because it almost resembles a heart shape and bright colors describe the feeling cheerful person who was in love . Strawberries do not have a huge calorie content matched consumed so anyone who is dieting . In addition , strawberries can also cleanse the intestines , improves the metabolism of the body and remove the fat and get rid of toxins that are not needed by the body .

Rated as fruits that are good for the digestive system . Just like strawberries , cherries are also able to get rid of toxins that are not needed by the body . Cherries contains iodine which is certainly a very good and useful for thyroid function . Thus , consumption of cherries quite recommended for you who were diet .

Of whole fruit for a diet that has been mentioned and described its benefits , which one do you choose a diet of fruit and a powerful trust to help make the body become more slim ? . Whatever fruit you eat to diet , either pineapple or watermelon , eat wisely so that the benefits felt.

Depression Symptoms In Teenagers And Bad Effects

Adolescents who are depressed can cause detrimental effects on life itself. The simplest way to protect the lives of children who are depressed is the early detection of depressive symptoms in children , and provide treatment that saved his life.

The following are the signs when a child is experiencing depression :

  1. Grumpy or irritable , it is the most common symptom of a depressed person . Even in some cases frequent outbursts of rage .
  2. Feel pain or pain that is vague , if a teenager feels headache , abdominal pain , and other complaints are physically invisible and do not indicate the cause of medical problems . Then the likelihood of the child suffering from depression .
  3. Sensitive to criticism , one that is sensitive to criticism sometimes normal . But when a teenager too angry when criticized , it could be the teenager is experiencing depression .
  4. Gathered with new acquaintances , if a teenager away from old friends , family and friends more often then gather with the community he has known , there is the possibility of the child being depressed .

Why do we have to immediately help a depressed teen ? Because depression in adolescents potentially bring bad effects on their lives can even destroy the life of a teenager and very difficult to regenerate . Here is a range of adverse impacts adolescent depression :

  • Troubled at school , low energy make it difficult to concentrate to accept the lesson . Low value , poor attendance rates , and not capable of working on school assignments .
  • Feelings of low self-esteem is very dominant , eating disorders , even anorexia .
  • Addiction to computer games and surfing the internet as an escape mechanism .
  • Substance abuse , such as addiction to alcohol or drugs .
  • Often behave recklessly , such as careless driving , careless often put objects out of place . Thus potentially lead to disaster .
  • Violence becomes a dominant trait in everyday life , hatred arises in a person .
  • Injure themselves , ranging from hair pulling himself up slashing his own pulse .

In extreme stages , often cast commentary on emerging desire for death and suicide . Therefore, depression needs to be detected early so that the child does not already experiencing adverse effects.

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Scoliodon (fish) is a poikilothermic cartilaginous fish. It is commonly known as shark. Rana (frog) is an amphibian and poikilothermic animal. It is commonly called as frog.
Living cells require energy for performing metabolic activities. This energy is provided by the oxidation of food materials present within the cells. In oxidation, Oxygen is consumed and produces carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide is harmful to the protoplasm. Hence to keep the oxidation continuously, there is a constant need for the supply of oxygen to the cells and removal of carbon dioxide from them. Oxygen is obtained from the environment (water or air) and in return carbon dioxide is added to the environment. The exchange of oxygen of the environment with the carbon dioxide of the body is known as 'respiration'. In all vertebrates, some organs of. The body are specialised for the exchange of gases. These are called respiratory or breathing organs. The surface of these organs at which the exchange takes place is called as 'respiratory surface'.
frog breathing respiration1 thumb14
Vertebrate respiratory organs include gills and lungs. Both of these organs develop from the pharynx. Aquatic fishes perform respiration with the help of gills. These may be internal gills and that to the exterior as external gill slits. Five pairs of gills are present in shark. The type of respiration performed by the gills is called bronchial respiration. Lungs arise in the embryo as an endodermal diverticulum from the ventral wall of the pharynx. The diverticulum soon divides into two parts, which form right and left kings. A wind pipe or trachea connects the lungs with the pharynx. Anterior part of the trachea is modified into the larynx. The larynx communicates with the pharynx by a slit-like aperture the glottis. The larynx functions as sound producing organ in tetrapods except in birds. So the larynx contains a pair of elastic membranes known as the vocal cords. The respiration performed by lungs is called pulmonary respiration.
Scoliodon (Shark) Rana (Frog)
1. Scoliodon performs branchial respiration. 1. Rana is adapted for branchial (Tadpole) as well as pulmonary respiration.
2. Respiration is performed by the gills. Skin, and bucco-pharyngeal lining are not respiratory. Lungs are absent. 2. Respiration is performed by the skin,bucco-pharyngeal lining and lungs.There are no gills in the adult.
3. It possess five pairs of internal gills located in the pleural walk of the pharynx. The external gills are absent. But gills are exposedoutside as external gill-slits. 3. Tadpole larva possesses three pairs of external gills in the early stages which are present at the junction of head and trunk. Later these are replaced by three pairs of internal gills.The adult possess the lungs.
4. Respiratory tract consists of mouth, buccal cavity, pharynx, internal branchial apertures, branchial pouches and external branchial apertures. 4. Respiratory tract consists of external nostrils, nasal chambers, internal nostrils, bucco-pharyngeal cavity, glottis and laryngo tracheal chamber. Which open into the lungs.
5. External nostrils, nasal chambers are not used in respiration. Internal nostrils glottis, and laryngo tracheal are absent. 5. Mouth is not used in respiration. Branchial apertures and pouches are absent.
6. The gills have cartilagenous gill arches to support the gill-axes. 6. Such type of organs are absent.
7. The gills are endodermal in origin and are formed by the outpushing of hypoblast. 7. Lungs are also endodermal in origin.
##################################### 8. Such an arrangement is absent in the adult frog.
9. Generally these are pairs of gill pouches one pair of hemi branches on the posterior side of the hy-oid arch and four pairs of holo branches on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th branchial arches. The 5th branchial arch is abranch. 9. Absent in the adult frog.
10. The gills-remain in well within the gill pouches. 10. Absent in the adult frog.
11. Absent in shark. 11. The larynx and trachea united and form into laryngo tracheal chamber which is supported by three cartilages a cricoid and a pair of lateralary tenoids.
12. Lungs are absent in shark. 12. Paired lungs are simple, thin-walled elastic sacs having on the inner surface low ridges the septa enclosing the alveoli.
13. No such arrangement is present. 13. The septa and alveoli increase the area coming in contact with air. Exchange of gases takes place all over the inner surface of the lungs.
14. During breathing, the buccal flow is lowered by coracohyal and coracobrachial muscles and raised by constrictor muscles. 14. During breathing, the bucco-pha-ryngeal flow is lowered by the sternohyal muscles and raised by the petrohyal muscles.
15. Water enters the respiratory tract through the mouth and leaves through the external branchial apertures. During this water flow, the dissolved oxygen in the water is absorbed and supplied to the blood in the gills. 15. Air enters the respiratory tract through the external nostrils and leaves also through the external nostrils after providing oxygen to the blood in the buccopharyngeal lining and lungs.
16. The blood is transported to the gills by five pairs of afferent branchial vessels. 16. The blood is transported to the lungs, skin and bucco pharyngeal cavity by the respective arteries.
17. Oxygenated blood from the gills is supplied to the body by nine pairs of efferent branchial vessels. 17. Oxygenated blood from the lungs, skin, and buccopharyngeal cavity is transported to the heart by the respective veins.

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Business of Design Creative Rituals on Capella Kincheloe Interior Design and Consulting

Rituals are critical to creativity.  Who knew something so mundane would be a key to imagination?  But it is in the preparation that will allow your creativity to emerge.  By creating a ritual for yourself you are letting your mind know what is coming so it can prepare and set you up for success.  Do you ever sit down at your desk and have no clue where to start? Is it all so overwhelming that overcoming overwhelm consumes time?  Does it take 20 minutes in the morning to put your work hat on?  By creating simple rituals you will be ready far quicker.

Are you ready to ritualize?

I'm sure you have rituals that exist already. Mr. Rogers put on sneakers and a cardigan when he arrived home.  You put your gym clothes on to work out or have a glass of Scotch at the end of the day.  These are excellent transition rituals from work to home, but what about home to work?

Creating rituals are especially helpful for people who work from home.  Working from home you don't have the built-in rituals of getting in your car, the drive to work, and sitting down in your office building.  You need to create rituals that signals to your brain whether you are in work-mode or home-mode.  By simply creating a ritual that you will perform immediately before getting down to work, this will help your brain prepare to work.

Here is an example.  Lets say you have an office at home, your only computer is in there, so you use it for work and personal.  In the morning you grab a cup of coffee and sit down at your desk.  But your brain isn't sure if this is for work or personal.  It takes it a bit to catch up and focus.  If, however, you were to grab a cup of coffee, sit down at your desk and take three deep breaths, then turn on your special work-only radio station and take a minute to imagine how productive your day was going to turn out you'd be sending the signal to your brain to prepare for work.

Below are some ideas for creating your ritual.  These rituals can be used for the beginning of work, for when you work on a certain project, or for leaving work.  Anytime you need to create a separation between where your head is at.  I recommend picking a couple small rituals string together into a daily ritual.  You'll probably also want to keep it special, if you're drinking tea all day long it won't be a ritual- if you get a cup of tea only when you are creating purchase orders it is.

Grab a cup of coffee or tea

Take three deep breaths

Listen to a work-only Pandora station.

Watch an inspiring clip on youtube.  Try these.

Free write for 5-10 minutes

Write down your top three things to accomplish that day

Write down one reason you are excited or looking forward to the day.

Do push-ups or jumping jacks.

Read a favorite blog (keep it related to where your head should be at).

Read a book for 10 minutes.  Only read this book for this ritual.

Do a few yoga moves.

Call a colleague or friend.  Call the same person every time.

Clean your desk

Find a quote that will serve as your daily focus

Water a plant

Take a walk

Sharpen all your pencils

Additional reading:

The Creative Habit by Twyla Tharp

Daily Rituals: How Artists Work by Mason Currey

The War of Art by Steven Pressfield

I'd love to hear from you.  What rituals do you have?  What helps you get your head in the game?


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Multiple Creativity Studies Suggest: Creating Our Reality Requires Detaching From It

, Will Burns is an advertising veteran and current CEO of Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own.
my brains - let me show you them

There's a battle going on in there between logic and creativity. (Photo credit: Liz Henry)

Theory: In order to improve our reality through creativity, we must first detach from that same reality.

The studies on creativity suggest to me that there are two forces in our brains that are in a constant battle: logic and creativity. The logic force is critical for our functional survival in the now. Seth Godin calls it the "lizard brain." But I would argue creativity is critical for survival, too, only it's our survival in the future. Since the concept of "now" is, by definition, more urgent than "the future," I believe our creative force is naturally subdued by the logic force. Call it an evolutionary artifact. Logic doesn't want anything new. It wants understanding. But the creative force threatens our logic force by questioning everything we think we understand. It's a battle that the logic force unfortunately usually wins.

Creativity is what happens when we successfully limit the logic force in our brains.

Every study on creativity I've ever read hits on this point in a different way. Studies on coffee shop noise, daydreaming, freestyle rappers' brains, ADHD, dim lighting, alcohol, all of it. They are all very different studies testing very different creativity influences, but are unified, I believe, in that they all describe a different way to detach from reality, or successfully inhibit our logic force.

Below are brief descriptions of some of my favorite studies on creativity. I have provided links to the actual studies for more details, if you want them. But I will also note how each one supports this concept of detaching from reality.

The studies:

Coffee shop noise increases creativity. (details here) A fascinating study on how levels of noise can affect creativity. The finding is that moderate levels of noise (like that of the typical coffee shop) increase creativity. The authors of the study surmise that moderate sound "increases processing difficulty, inducing a higher construal level and thus promoting abstract processing." Sounds to me like the sound, when it's just enough sound, gives the logic forces in our brains something to do. And when logic isn't looking, our creative force can do its thing. Sneaky, but a good example of detaching from reality.

Freestyle rappers can turn off their executive function. (details here) Freestyle rappers are the Michael Jordans of rapping because they are making up the words to the song on the spot. Like improv comedians and jazz musicians, this kind of rapping requires enormous creativity and talent. Well, this study has neuroscientists putting great rappers in an fMRI machine to see what was going on in their brains when freestyling. One of the study's authors, Allen Braun, concluded this: "We think what we see is a relaxation of ‘executive functions’ to allow more natural de-focused attention and uncensored processes to occur that might be the hallmark of creativity." These artists were somehow able to detach themselves from the logic forces in their brains so that the creative forces could come through. Reality detached.

Daydreaming increases creativity. (details here) Do you get great ideas when you're in the shower, or chopping wood, or doing the dishes? I'm a shower guy, myself. Chances are, the increased creative production is due to the fact you're daydreaming through these menial tasks. What's happening? According to the study, "The observed parallel recruitment of executive and default network regions...suggests that mind wandering may evoke a unique mental state that may allow otherwise opposing networks to work in cooperation." A key to this one is that the effect only happens when people are unaware that they are daydreaming. Ding-ding! The logic force is kept busy with the menial task at hand and then productive daydreaming ensues. Reality detached.

Creating psychological distance increases creativity. (details here) Psychological distance, as it relates to creativity, is when a subject is asked to imagine themselves solving a problem as if they were in a distant land, or as if they were in a future time, or as if they were different people. This study shows that, when asked to project themselves into a new, abstract world or time, people hold onto less about the real world. As a result, their thinking is more abstract and creative. Again, when imagining a distant land, logic is forced to surrender to the creative force. Reality detached.

People with ADHD tend to be more creative. (details here) People with low "latent inhibition" and high IQs tend to be more creative. Here's why. Latent inhibition is a person's ability to ignore irrelevant information in the world, an important skill in navigating such a complex place. However, people with low latent inhibition, like those with ADHD, have less of a filter, and are more likely to notice seemingly irrelevant information around them. You could say their logic force is constantly subdued. As a result, they are more likely to make unexpected connections. Steven Johnson, in his great book, "Where New Ideas Come From," says that creativity happens when seemingly unrelated existing ideas collide to form new ideas. Those with low latent inhibition are more open to seemingly irrelevant information and, therefore, more likely to make new connections. Reality detached.

Dim lighting increases creativity. (details here) Ironic, considering the light bulb is the icon of the eureka! moment. But here, subjects were put into different camps, each defined by the level of lighting in the room. Turns out, the group in dim lighting were able to complete more creative tasks in less time than did the brightly lit subjects. “These results indicate that dim illumination heightens perceived freedom from constraints, which in turn improves creative performance,” the report concludes. Could be that if we give our logic force less reality to perceive (dim lighting), it's less likely to get in our way, creatively. Reality detached.

Drinking alcohol increases creativity. (details here) We all know that alcohol can affect our judgment, but now we know that, in so doing, alcohol can improve our creativity. In this fascinating study, subjects were brought to a blood alcohol content of roughly .075, and then completed a battery of creativity exercises. The intoxicated subjects solved more problems in less time than did the sober subjects. As Jennifer Wiley, one of the co-authors of the study, put it, "Different tasks and situations are best served by varying states of consciousness and cognition." They went on to describe the alcohol-induced state as a "diffuse attentional state." Reality detached, on the rocks.


DALLAS (AP) — Some passengers on a Southwest Airlines flight from Denver suffered minor injuries when the plane appeared to suddenly lose cabin pressure as it neared Dallas.

Southwest said in a statement Monday that the flight crew reduced altitude but that the cabin did not depressurize.

Now Playing:

Southwest Airlines plane makes emergency landing at DFW airport

Media: Fox4

Paramedics met the flight at the gate and treated four people for ear pain.

There have been a number of incidents involving Southwest flights in recent weeks. On April 17, an engine exploded on a flight from New York , shattering a window and leading to the death of a passenger .


Many bacterial species exhibit strong linkage disequilibrium of their chromosomal genes, which apparently indicates restricted recombination between alleles at different loci. The extent to which restricted recombination reflects limited migration between geographically isolated populations versus infrequent mixis of genotypes within populations is more… (More)

4 Figures and Tables

Slides referencing similar topics


Development (Cambridge, England)

Genome-wide identification of Tribolium dorsoventral patterning genes.

PMID 27287803

The gene regulatory network controlling dorsoventral axis formation in insects has undergone drastic evolutionary changes. In Drosophila, a stable long-range gradient of Toll signalling specifies ventral cell fates and restricts BMP signalling to the dorsal half of the embryo. In Tribolium, however, Toll signalling is transient and only indirectly controls BMP signalling. In order to gain unbiased insights into the Tribolium network, we performed comparative transcriptome analyses of embryos with various dorsoventral pattering defects produced by parental RNAi for Toll and BMP signalling components. We also included embryos lacking the mesoderm (produced by Tc-twist RNAi) and characterized similarities and differences between Drosophila and Tribolium twist loss-of-function phenotypes. Using stringent conditions, we identified over 750 differentially expressed genes and analysed a subset with altered expression in more than one knockdown condition. We found new genes with localized expression and showed that conserved genes frequently possess earlier and stronger phenotypes than their Drosophila orthologues. For example, the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein Tartan, which has only a minor influence on nervous system development in Drosophila, is essential for early neurogenesis in Tribolium and the Tc-zinc-finger homeodomain protein 1 (Tc-zfh1), the orthologue of which plays a minor role in Drosophila muscle development, is essential for maintaining early Tc-twist expression, indicating an important function for mesoderm specification.


What is character in business?

When it comes to writing fiction, action is character.

You reveal character by showing how that individual responds to the obstacles preventing them from getting what they want. And the more pressure you put on your characters, the more you’re able to reveal. And the more you reveal, the more a reader or audience can connect or identify with that character.

This is true in all the great novels, plays, and stories. But how can we apply it to business?

If you’re an entrepreneur or business owner, undoubtedly there are obstacles standing in your way of success. How you respond to these obstacles reveals who you are. Your actions reveal your character.

Consider the following:

A customer wants a refund, how do you respond?

A prospect wants to learn more about your product, what do you do?

How do you give a presentation? Do you rush to cram in everything, or do you condense your message and take your time?

How are you measuring your success? Is it in followers, clicks and RTs, or in permanent relationships made and nurtured?

Are you more interested in the direct path, the short cuts, and life hacks, or the long and difficult path focused on learning?

Are you rushing? Or are you building something that takes time to do right?

Are you stalling? Or are you doing the work that matters?

What are you choosing not to do?

Where are you advertising, and how?

What social media platforms are you using, and how are you offering a unique perspective?

Where are your products being sold and at what price?

Are you focused on efficiency or personal growth?

Do you want people to talk about you, or do you want to control what they say?

Where are you on the scale between all talk and all action?

Are you constantly starting, or do you finish your projects?

The answers to these questions reveal your character, and ultimately, what kinds of people will identify with you or not.

Think before you act; because your actions speak louder than words.


The determining factors of farmers’ water conservation behavior in agricultural sector: A case from farmers of the Southern Basin of Lake Urmia

Bijan Abadi

Lake Urmia is one of the endangered ecosystems in Iran that needs to revivification as soon as possible. The assumption of the research is if farming systems, which interact with such ecosystem, save water; it will be possible to revitalize a part of the lake. To address this issue, this contribution hypothesizes whether the determining factors, which include the environmental NGOs’ effectiveness, the requirement to NGOs’ water interventions, responsibility, indulgence, and perceived behavior control, explain the water conservation behavior (WCB). We selected a representative sample of 368 farmers (N ≈ 23750) using the stratified random sampling method. They were surveyed via the questionnaire. A group of faculty members in the field of agricultural extension and education delivered their recommendations to approve of the face validity of the questionnaire. After performing a pilot study, we used the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Cronbach’s Alpha to assess the reliability of indices in the questionnaire. Using the multiple regression analysis, results indicated that factors, i.e., the perceived behavioral control (the strongest predictor), environmental NGOs’ effectiveness, and the requirement to NGOs’ water interventions could entirely contribute to explain 0.53% of the variance in WCB. Those farmers with the greater behavioral control were more likely to declare less perception toward the environmental NGOs’ effectiveness, and the less perceived need for environmental NGOs’ water interventions. In conclusion, the contribution delivers implications based on the research findings.

Keywords: Effectiveness, Environmental NGOs, Lake Urmia, WCB.


One of the things that is most important to young adults is having a connection with their peers. Unfortunately, having a mental health challenge can make it difficult for someone to fit in or feel like they belong. This can leave the young person to isolate, which ultimately makes the illness harder to deal with and pushes recovery further from view. Impact Young Adults (IYA) is a peer-led organization that strives to create an environment for young adults with mental health challenges (ages 18-35) where they can feel empowered and connected. Each of our peer-run programs accomplishes this in different ways.


Sarah's Gift

The family and friends Sarah Dunphy are continuing with their bursary to one Leaving Cert student. Despite adversity and the many obstacles put in her way, Sarah was a strong believer in the value of education and achieved an excellent Leaving Cert and also graduated from third level. This will be an annual award in Sarah’s memory.The award will be given to a student who has overcome difficulties or personal circumstances in order to achieve well in school with the view to continue in education after their Leaving Cert.

Students can nominate themselves or be nominated by a fellow student, a teacher or a community member. The nomination must include why the student is a suitable candidate for the gift and they can be handed to Ms Doyle or Mr Murphy in a sealed envelope before Wednesday 3rd May. If a student prefers to verbally give a nomination for a fellow student they can do so with Ms Doyle or Mr Murphy who will take notes.

The winner will be decided by Sarah’s family and friends and announced at the Awards Day and the money will be given to the student on Sarah’s birthday , October 8th each year.

We thank the Dunphy family for their continued support .


Does HPV vaccination prevent the development of cervical cancer? Are there harms associated with being vaccinated?

Most people who have sexual contact at some point in their life will be exposed to the human papilloma virus (HPV). In the majority of women, HPV infection will be cleared by the immune system. When the immune system does not clear the virus, persistent HPV infection can cause abnormal cervical cells. These lesions are known as cervical ‘precancer’ because over time they can progress to cervical cancer if left untreated.

There are many different types of HPV. Some are associated with the development of cervical lesions that can become cancerous and are considered as high-risk HPV types. Two of these high-risk types (HPV16 and HPV18) account for about 70% all cases of cervical cancer worldwide. Vaccines have been developed that help the immune system to recognize certain HPV types. Because cervical cancer can take several years to develop, regulatory bodies and international health agencies such as the World Health Organization (WHO) regard cervical lesions as the preferred outcome measure for HPV vaccine trials.

Cochrane lead author, Dr. Marc Arbyn, from the Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Belgian Cancer Centre, Sciensano, said: “The findings of this review should be viewed within the context of multiple global surveillance studies, which have been conducted by the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety from the WHO since the vaccinations were licensed. The committee concluded that the risk-benefit profile of prophylactic HPV vaccines remains favourable and expressed its concerns about unjustified claims of harm that lack biological and epidemiological evidence, and which may affect the confidence of the public. At the same time, the Committee encouraged health authorities to continue surveillance and examination for potential adverse events."

Editor’s notes:

Breakdown of results by sub-groups of women:

Women who are hrHPV DNA negative (only efficacy data for women aged 16-26y)

HPV vaccines reduce hgCIN associated with HPV16/18 from 164/10,000 to 2/10,000 (high certainty). They reduce also any precancer irrespective of HPV types from 287/10,000 to 106/100,000 (high certainty). HPV vaccination protects also against AIS associated with HPV16/18 (from 9 to 0 per 10,000) and any AIS (from 10 to 0/10,000) - moderate certainty for both AIS outcomes.

 Women who are HPV16/18 DNA negative

The effect of HPV vaccines on risk of precancer differ by age group. In younger women, HPV vaccines reduce precancer associated with HPV16/18 from 113 to 6/10,000 (high certainty). HPV vaccines lower any precancer from 231 to 95/10,000 (high certainty). In females older than 25, the vaccines probably reduce precancer associated with HPV16/18 from 45 to 14/10,000 (moderate certainty).

Women unselected by HPV DNA status

In women vaccinated at 15 to 26 years of age, HPV vaccination reduces precancer associated with HPV16/18 from 341 to 157/10,000 (high certainty) and any precancer from 559 to 391/10,000 (high certainty).

In older women vaccinated between 25 to 45 years, the effects of HPV vaccine on precancer are smaller, and this may be due to previous exposure to HPV. The risk of precancer associated with HPV16/18 is probably lowered from 145/10,000 in unvaccinated women to 107/10,000 following HPV vaccination (moderate certainty). The risk of any precancer is probably similar between unvaccinated and vaccinated (341/10,000 compared with 356/10,000, moderate certainty).


Linhay, Densham Farm

The Linhay is a grade 2 listed building. The project involved renovation and rearrangement of the main farmhouse, conversion of a Poundhouse into living accommodation and finally (to the right) conversion of the Linhay into guest quarters and a swimming pool. Extensive work was undertaken to ensure the modifications were sensitive and retaines the original fabric of the building where possible.


Will word of mouth be enough to get casual game players into VR?

Most people who consider themselves virtual reality enthusiasts have the same origin story as the rest — they used an Oculus Rift development kit, a Project Morpheus or some other virtual reality headset for the first time, and instantly fell in love.

For early adopters and tech enthusiasts, that type of evangelism is nothing new, but it’s been particularly effective for getting folks excited about virtual reality hardware (despite how few VR sets have been released as finalized consumer products). But will that same phenomenon entice the casual gaming market — one that isn’t as likely to invest in new technology based on buzz alone?

That was the subject of a panel during SXSW Interactive, in which a handful of game developers and technology creators discussed the casual implications of the burgeoning VR hardware market.

“It’s like being a drug dealer”

Patrick Curry, director at Unity Austin, is well acquainted with the power of word of mouth with regard to VR — he himself owns hardware, and has seen how easy it is to get his friends excited about it.

“One of my favorite tricks is to pull out a Merge VR at a bar, and make my friend wear it in public, and it freaks them out and it freaks out the people with us,” Curry said. “But then they see it, like, ‘Holy cow, we’re in a bar, and we’re seeing in VR,’ and I’m like, ‘Yeah dude, next week, come over, and I’ll show you the DK2.’ It’s a great onboarding experience.”

Alex Schwartz, chief scientist of Owlchemy Labs, has the perfect analogy for that experience: “It’s like being a drug dealer,” Schwartz said.

Word of mouth is an effective marketing strategy, especially when the experience being sold is as new and exciting as well-executed VR. But it necessitates, at the very least, that potential converts actually know somebody who owns VR, which could serve as a major roadblock to introducing everyone to the technology.

Do something cheap, something everyone can buy

“That, for me, comes down to price,” Curry said. “Nintendo is one of my hero companies, they’ve been doing it so well, and they almost always have the cheapest hardware. They have the lowest barrier of entry, which is dollars, for their games, and they’re always kid-friendly. I think taking that route in VR would be a really great strategy. Do something cheap, something everyone can buy, plug your phone into it, then you have VR and you’re an evangelist.”

Schwartz has a more straightforward solution for getting VR in everyone’s hands: Just include virtual reality hardware with the things everyone already purchases.

“Basically, mobile VR is going to be the future, eventually,” Schwartz said. “The fact that this is getting faster and faster, eventually we won’t need to tether at all. So, everyone’s already signed up to this incredible … basically Ponzi scheme, of two-year cell phone contracts, and I think when you get your next phone, you’ll probably get more and more headsets bundled with the plan, and the next phone, and it’ll all come together.

“I think going out to the store and making that singular, extra purchase of an additional thing that’s not my phone is a big barrier of entry, just the concept of buying another device,” Schwartz added. “But if you can close the rift with something you already need, I think that will be a way where a person who has no friends who know anything about VR, they’ll get their first experience by receiving it with their next plan.”


Open main menu

Wikipedia β

The legs of the god Vishnu as the Cosmic Man depict earth and the seven realms of the Hindu underworld of Patala. The feet rest on cosmic serpent Shesha.

The underworld or netherworld is an otherworld thought to be deep underground or beneath the surface of the world in most religions and mythologies.[1] Typically, it is a place where the souls of the departed go, an afterlife or a realm of the dead. Chthonic is the technical adjective for things of the underworld.

The concept of an underworld is found in almost every civilization, and "may be as old as humanity itself".[2] Common features of underworld myths are accounts of living people making journeys to the underworld, often for some heroic purpose. Other myths reinforce traditions that entrance of souls to the underworld requires a proper observation of ceremony, such as the ancient Greek story of the recently dead Patroclus haunting Achilles until his body could be properly buried for this purpose.[3] Persons having social status were dressed and equipped in order to better navigate the underworld.[4] A number of mythologies incorporate the concept of the soul of the deceased making its own journey to the underworld, with the dead needing to be taken across a defining obstacle such as a lake or a river to reach this destination.[5] Imagery of such journeys can be found in both ancient and modern art. The descent to the underworld has been described as "the single most important myth for Modernist authors".[6]

By mythologyEdit

This list includes underworlds in various mythology, with links to corresponding articles.

Albanian mythology Ferri
Aztec mythology Mictlan
Babylonian mythology Irkalla
Buddhist mythology Naraka (also Niraya)
Celtic mythology Annwn, Mag Mell
Chinese mythology / taoism Diyu 地獄
Christian mythology Hell, Tártaro, Purgatory
Egyptian mythology Aaru, Duat, Neter-khertet, Amenti
Estonian mythology Toonela
Fijian mythology see Melanesian mythology
Finnish mythology Tuonela
Georgian mythology Kveskneli
Germanic Hel, Niflheim
Greek mythology Elysium, Asphodel Meadows, Tártaros
Guanche mythology

Echeide, Guayota

Hindu mythology Naraka or Yamaloka, Patala
Hittite mythology Dankuš daganzipaš (dark earth)
Hopi mythology Maski
Hungarian mythology Alvilág
Inca mythology Uku Pacha
Inuit mythology Adlivun
Islamic mythology Jahannam, Naar, Barzakh, Araf
Jain mythology Naraka, Adho Loka (the lower world)
Japanese mythology/Shinto Yomi 黄泉, Ne-no-Kuni 根の国, Jigoku 地獄
Jewish/Hebrew mythology Sheol, Gehenna, Abaddon, Azazel, Tehom, Tophet, Tzoah Rotachat, Dudael
Korean mythology "Ji-Ok" 지옥 地獄
Latvian mythology Aizsaule
Malay mythology Alam Ghaib (The unseen realm)
Indonesian mythology
Māori mythology Hawaiki, Rarohenga
Mapuche mythology Pellumawida, Degin, Wenuleufu, Ngullchenmaiwe
Maya mythology Metnal, Xibalba
Melanesian mythology (includes Fijian) Bulu, Burotu, Murimuria, Nabagatai, Tuma
Norse mythology Gimlé, Hel, Niflhel, Vingólf
Oromo mythology Ekera
Persian mythology Duzakh
Philippine mythology Kasanaan
Pueblo mythology Shipap
Roman mythology Inferno, Avernus
Romanian mythology Tărâmul Celălalt
Slavic mythology Nav, Podsvetie, Peklo, Vyraj
Sumerian mythology Kur, Hubur
Turko-Mongol Erlik
Vodou mythology Guinee
Wagawaga (New Guinea) mythology Hiyoyoa

Underworld figuresEdit

This list includes rulers or guardians of the underworld in various mythologies, with links to corresponding articles.

Aboriginal mythology Baiame (Kamilaroi), Eingana
Albanian mythology E Bukura e Dheut
Turko-Mongol Erlik
Armenian mythology Spandaramat
Aztec mythology Mictlantecuhtli, Mictecacihuatl, Chalmecacihuilt, Chalmecatl
Balinese mythology Batara Kala, Setesuyara
Bon mythology gNyan
Buddhist mythology Yama
Canaanite mythology Mot, Arsay
Celtic mythology Aed, Arawn, Cwn Annwn, Donn, Gwyn ap Nudd, Manannán mac Lir, Pwyll
Chinese mythology Gui, Yanluo
Christian mythology Satan, Lucifer, Beelzebub
Elamite mythology Jabru
Estonian mythology Vanapagan
Greek mythology Cerberus, Charon, Hadēs, Pluto, Keres, Persephone, Thánatos
Georgian mythology sasuleti
Haida mythology Ta'xet, Tia
Hinduism Yama
Hopi mythology Maasaw
Ibo mythology Ala
Incan mythology Supay, Vichama
Indonesian mythology (ancient Javananese, Sundanese and Balinese) Batara Kala guardian for sinners souls' underworld, Dewi Sri guardess for the righteous souls' underworld
Inuit mythology Pana, Sedna
Islamic mythology Maalik as the guardian of the jahannam hell's door, Iblis accompany the sinners in jahannam
Japanese mythology Hotoke, Izanami-no-Mikoto, Jikininki, Shikome, Shitidama, Shiryō, Susanoo-no-Mikoto, Yama
Kassite mythology Dur
Khmer mythology Preas Eyssaur
Latvian mythology Veļi, Velu mate, Zemes mate
Levantine mythology Mot, Arsay
Lunda mythology Kalunga
Maori mythology Kewa
Maya mythology Xibalba
Melanesian mythology (includes Fijian mythology) Degei, Ratumaibulu, Samulayo
Narragansett mythology Chepi
Navaho mythology Estsanatlehi
Niquiran mythology Mictanteot
Norse mythology Garmr, Hel, Ran
Ob-Ugrian mythology Heini-iki
Orokolo mythology Kiavari
Persian mythology Angra Mainyu, Azhi Dahaka, Peri
Philippine mythology Magwayen/Maguayen, Sidapa
Phoenician mythology Horon
Phrygian mythology Men
Polynesian mythology Hikuleo, Hina, Hine-nui-te-Po, Kanaloa, Kiho-tumu, Makea Tutara, Mahiuki, Mahu-ike, Marama, Mauri, Merau, Milu, Miru, Rimu, Rohe, Whiro
Prussian mythology Picullus
Pueblo mythology Iyatiku
Roma (Gypsy) mythology Beng
Roman mythology Cerberus, Dea Tacita, Dis Pater, Egestes, Fames, Inferi Dii, Larenta, Letum, Libitina, Mors, Orcus, Pluto, Proserpina, Viduus
Romanian mythology Diavolu, Satana, Necuratu, Scaraoschi
Russian mythology Dyavol, Satanaya
Saami mythology Yambe-akka
Salish mythology Amotken
Siberian mythology Chebeldei, Kul
Slavic mythology Crnobog, Flins, Marzana, Nyia, Veles (god)
Syrian mythology Reshep
Tamil mythology Cur
Thracian mythology Heros
Turkic mythology Erlik
Wagawaga mythology Tumudurere
Yoruba mythology Esu, Oya
Yurak mythology Nga
Zuni mythology Uhepono

See alsoEdit

  • Otherworld
  • World Tree — A tree that connects the heavens, the earth, and the underworld in a number of spiritual belief systems

  1. ^ "Underworld". The free dictionary. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
  2. ^ Isabelle Loring Wallace, Jennie Hirsh, Contemporary Art and Classical Myth (2011), p. 295.
  3. ^ Radcliffe G. Edmonds, III, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the 'Orphic' Gold Tablets (2004), p. 9.
  4. ^ Jon Mills, Underworlds: Philosophies of the Unconscious from Psychoanalysis to Metaphysics (2014), p. 1.
  5. ^ Evans Lansing Smith, The Descent to the Underworld in Literature, Painting, and Film, 1895-1950 (2001), p. 257.


Ranthambore Fort, India

Discover the ruins of a mighty fort Visit to Ranthambore Fort

The essence of the experience

Discover the ancient ruins of Ranthambore Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that lies within Ranthambore National Park. The fort is situated around 5 kilometres (3 miles) within the park, beautifully elevated on a natural hummock around 210 metres (700 feet) high. The fort was once a stronghold in the glory days of the Chauhan dynasty. The exact period in which the fort was constructed is widely debated, however, it is speculated to have found its beginnings in the mid-10th century and to have been held by the Mughal Empire until the 18th century after being captured by the mighty Mughal ruler Akbar. Numerous alterations and advancements were added on in later centuries. In its prime, the fort governed and ruled important trade routes between north and central India, cementing its vital role in the governance of the area.

The fort was fashionable among the Maharajahs of Jaipur and northern India, hosting hunting parties before the independence of India and the laws that stopped hunting in the reserve. In 1955, the Park became the Sawai Madhopur Game Sanctuary. It later became part of Project Tiger in 1973 and, finally, in 1980, it became a National Park and dedicated Tiger Reserve.

The fort is an impressive pink and gravel stone structure with jutting brick lines that looks out majestically over the landscape. It towers over the park with its lofty arches, domes and pillars, silently dominating the area and its inhabitants. Often visited by the park’s four-legged residents, particularly the Bengal tiger, the ruined fort now serves as their playground. The fort is secured by a colossal buttressed wall, incorporating two towering gateways that now invite intrepid adventurers instead of warning off ancient invaders.


by Abhaya Simha

India, 2017
1h 40min, Tulu with English subtitles
colour, 2.35 : 1

Paddayi is a modern day adaptation of the epic drama, ‘Macbeth’ from Shakespeare. This version of Macbeth plays out in a tiny village in the borders of mega city. Characters in the film belong to an indigenous community of fishermen. Madhava and Sugandhi are a newly married couple from the fishing community of South India. Their lust for better life and thirst for upward mobility is ignited by the prophecies from the spirit that wander the land. Dinesha, owner of the fleet gives them new dreams and hopes. But when their life was on a new high, Dinesha betrays and takes back what he gave. Now Madhava and Sugandhi are determined for a bitter revenge. They set out on a journey riding the tide of ambition in a boat dotted by their personalities. Sugandhi provokes and Madhava is provoked. Madhava in order to win over his insecurities, defeats his morality. The story soon turns into a tale of murder and regrets. Indeed earth hath bubbles that play mysterious games!
(Text: Paddayi)

Writer, Director | Abhaya Simha
Producer | Nityananda Pai

Madhava | Mohan Sheni
Sugandhi | Bindu Raxidi
Bannanje | Chandrahas Ullal
Dineshanna | Gopinath Bhat
Sadashiva | Ravi Bhat
Sadashiva Dharmasthala
Manjesha | Shrinidhi Achar
Rakesha | Avinash Rai
Friend | Mallika Jyotigudde
Shankari amma | Vani Periodi
Aitha | Prabhakar Kapikad

Director of Photography | Vishnuprasad P
Editor | Prashant Pandit
Sync Sound | Jamie DSilva
Sound Design | Jamie DSilva, Shishira K.V
Music | Kadri Manikanth
Production Manager | Rajesh Kudla


60 years of screen legends: Top 5 iconic cars in films

What to do if you're pulled over in a foreign country

Hamilton prepared to sit out F1 practice sessions

2016-10-04 10:02

PRAYING FOR A MIRACLE: Lewis Hamilton's engine failure at the Malaysian GP saw him lose ground on Mercedes team mate Nico Rosberg in the drivers' title race. Image: AFP

Tokyo - World champion Lewis Hamilton says he might sit out practice sessions over the course of the remaining five race weekends.

The Mercedes driver was livid after retiring from the lead at the 2016 Malysian Grand Prix with yet another engine problem, insisting he is baffled as to why only he is having reliability dramas.

23 points deficit to Rosberg

British newspapers quote Hamilton as saying earlier this week: "I have had lower points, but this is the most helpless I can be at this point."

Hamilton recently took a spate of grid penalties as Mercedes helped him stockpile enough engines for the rest of the season, but one of them failed spectacularly in Malaysia, putting him 23 points behind Nico Rosberg.

WATCH: The moment Lewis Hamilton's F1 season took a fiery turn

Spain's AS newspaper quotes him as saying: "At this point my concern is that I have two engines and want to make sure I do everything so they can last until the end."

Hamilton added: "If that means I have to not do a session, I will not do a session. I'll do whatever it takes to finish the races."


Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due by next class
Monday 8/15
EQs: How can the individual affect society as a whole? Who is responsible for “fixing” social issues?
Introduce “Social Justice” assignment- students will work in groups of 3-4 to develop an idea to help solve the problems of the city in the novel. Students must develop an idea to get the Jets and the Sharks to stop fighting.
Introduce “Outside Reading” Assignment- students must complete an Alternative Book Report on one book of their choice by the end of the semester
Students will have the entire class period to work on the “Social Justice” assignment
Finish “Social Justice” assignment
Tuesday 8/16

EQs: How do thematic concepts connect throughout an entire novel? How can I use grammar to my advantage?
Grammar Mini Lesson: Stylistic fragments
Journal assignment: reflect on an event that occurred when you were younger. Write a paragraph about that event. Experiment with sentence fragments (formative assessment)
Quick presentations of “Social Justice” assignment (formative assessment)
Finish reading West Side Story in class
Discussion: reactions to the text, relations to other texts
Continue working on “Outside Reading” assignment (ongoing)
Wednesday 8/17
EQs: How is literature connected? Is there a connection between every piece of literature?
In-class time to work on “Outside Reading” project
Continue working on outside reading project
Thursday 8/18
EQs: How can I support my answers with evidence?
Review game for test on West Side Story (Jeopardy)
Students will be divided into 3 teams and must use textual evidence with their answers
Study for West Side Story test
Friday 8/19
EQs: How does perspective/point of view factor into West Side Story? Are there “good” and “bad” characters?
Test on West Side Story
Continue working on “Outside Reading” assignment
Week two
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due by next class
Monday 8/22
EQs: How does history influence literature? Why would someone want to write about a historical event?
Beginning of Unit 2 Introduction to Puritanism PowerPoint
Begin reading Act 1 of The Crucible

Finish reading Act 1 of The Crucible
Tuesday 8/23
EQs: How do writers use aspects of history to make their writing realistic? How can I write with historical awareness?

Journal entry: Puritan Haikus (write two haikus that either discuss Puritan beliefs or sound like they could have been written by Puritans)
Share journal entries with the class
Read Act 2 of The Crucible as a class

Finish reading Act 2 of The Crucible
Wednesday 8/24
EQs: How can point of view affect what a reader thinks about a text? How can writing influence the tone of a text?

Sentence Smack Down activity with paragraphs in Act 2 of The Crucible (groups of 4)
Begin journaling mini-assignment: journaling from Abigail or John Proctor’s perspective (formative assessment on point of view)
Complete one entry for journal mini-assignment
Thursday 8/25
EQs: Why do authors include major and minor characters? Does each character play a significant role in a text?
Read Act 3 of The Crucible as a class
Class discussion: character analysis
Finish reading Act 3 of The Crucible
Friday 8/26
EQs: What influences can perspective have on a text? Is it always necessary to try to read from multiple perspectives?
Journal mini-assignment due- class discussion of different perspectives taken- students will divide into groups of four to five for the first 20 minutes of class and will read each other’s journals.
Prepare 2-3 questions for the Fishbowl on Monday

Week Three
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due for next class
Monday 8/29
EQs: How does a community’s belief system influence how people behave? Why are some of the characters who do not tell the truth taken seriously in this text?

Fishbowl on The Crucible
Possible questions: How does religion influence behavior in this community? Can the characters be considered good or evil? If so, which ones can? How does gender play a role in this piece of literature? (formative assessment on student notes and responses)
Type a 1 page response as an answer to one of the fishbowl questions discussed
Tuesday 8/30
EQ: How does society influence the outcome of individuals in The Crucible? Where does religion factor in?
Read and act out Act 4
Journal entry: How would you respond if you were on trial for being a witch? How is that different from how the characters responded in the book (formative assessment) (several GPS’s)

Finish journal prompt for tomorrow
Wednesday 8/31
EQs: How does the video text compare with the written text? How does this connect with our theme of having “two sides to every story?”
Video clips from the film The Crucible
Discussion: Comparison between two texts, elements of “Puritanism” found in the film, character analysis chart (Several GPS’s)
Write a ½ page response to the video clip discussion
Thursday 9/1
EQ: How does factual information from the Salem Witch Trials interact with The Crucible?
Review for The Crucible test (Jeopardy) (formative assessment on student reading comprehension)
Study for test on The Crucible
Friday 9/2
EQ: How does history interact with literature in The Crucible?
Test on The Crucible (summative assessment)
No homework J

Week Four
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due
For next class
Monday 9/5
How are issues from The Scarlet Letter portrayed today?
What was it like to live in a Puritan society?

Introduction to The Scarlet Letter- short PowerPoint
- -Show video clip from current parody movie Easy A
-Read chapter 1 aloud to class
-Jigsaw activity about Puritan beliefs- students will be divided into groups of four. Each group will be given a section of the “Puritan Life” article. Groups will have 1 sheet of construction paper to write on or draw pictures to represent the information. Students will be given a handout to organize information and to take notes on their peer’s presentations of their sections (formative assessment/participation grade)
Go over reader response assignment: students will get to choose from 6 different ways to respond to text (chapters 1-5). Choices: collage, dramatic monologue, gender-bender, found poetry, series of blog posts (DUE SEPT 13th) (summative assessment)
Fill out anticipation guide prior to reading chapters 2-3 of The Scarlet Letter (pg 45-62)
Tuesday 9/6
EQs: Are all rules made with the best interest of the community?
How does community influence perception on the individual?
Should an individual be judged by his or her actions?

-Journal entry: Have you ever felt outcast from a social group? Did you feel like you deserved to be outcast? What were your thoughts or feelings during this time period? If you have never felt outcast, you may write about someone you know or know of who has. (participation)
-Short discussion in which students can share their journal writings.
-Anticipation guide activity (Dail)
-Character thought bubbles- students will draw a picture of Hester, Pearl, Chillingworth, and a random member of “the audience.” They must attach a thought bubble and what they think the character may be thinking to each person. Students will work in groups of two. (formative assessment)
-Exit ticket: comprehension check of chapters 2-3. Who was the man who Hester saw in the crowd when she stood on the scaffold? How could this man be significant to the story? Why do you think Hester chose not to reveal her “partner in crime?” (formative assessment)

Begin thinking about Reader Response activity and read chapters 4 and 5 of The Scarlet Letter (pg 64-80)

Wednesday 9/7
EQs: Are rules made with the best interest of the community?
Should an individual be judged by his or her actions?

Read Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery” aloud in class
Class discussion/Venn Diagram: What are the similarities/differences between Tessie and Hester’s situations? How does community impact both of them? Is this fair/not fair? Why/Why not?
(verbal formative assessment based off of responses)

Journal entry: How can community influence the outcomes of individuals (use specific examples from both “The Lottery” and The Scarlet Letter (formative assessment)
Read chapter 6 (pg 81-90) of The Scarlet Letter
Thursday 9/8

EQs: What is a symbol?
How do symbols contribute to the themes we have seen so far in The Scarlet Letter?

Class discussion: What is a symbol? What would you say is a personal symbol that represents yourself? What is the significance of the scarlet A? Can people be symbols (Pearl)? What other symbols can be found in The Scarlet Letter?

Creating a coat of arms: Draw a coat of arms in your journal that is reflective of symbols from The Scarlet Letter. Include at least four symbols (turn in at end of class for a formative assessment)

Students will turn in journal homework entries (will be graded on participation and whether or not they use textual examples)

Continue working on reader response assignment. Read Chapter 7-8 of The Scarlet Letter(pg 91-106). Write down 5 of each of the following on a separate sheet of paper: Action verbs, awesome adjectives, sentences that just “work” (pre-assessment)

Friday 9/9
EQs: How can I use certain grammatical elements to write effectively?
How does the author’s word choice affect the reader’s experience?
-Quick journal- choose one passage that you decided “just works” and describe why you may have picked it. Consider language, sentence structure, and paragraph organization.
Interactive PowerPoint: “Getting Specific with Nouns and Verbs” (Noden)
- students share some of the words and quotes they picked out for homework.

-students will be shown examples of how to replace “dead” nouns and verbs with more vivid ones.
- Short writing assignment: Think about the theme of community that we have been discussing so far throughout our reading of The Scarlet Letter. Write a paragraph or two about a specific community and its attributes (example: your family, the Drama Club, a hospital). Underline all adjectives, and circle any that seem “dead” or “boring.” Also, be sure to include ONE SYMBOL to represent the community (such as a stethoscope for doctors, ect). Rewrite your paragraph using more “living” adjectives. (Formative Assessment)
Continue working on Reader Response Assignment
Read ch 9-10(pg 107-116) of The Scarlet Letter
Prepare 3 questions for Fishbowl on Monday. Consider: Theme, literary elements (esp. symbolism), and themes (community influence, ambiguity)

Week Five
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due for next class
Monday 9/12
EQs: Do all criminals deserve to be punished?
Can living in a community influence how an individual thinks?
Can words be more violent than physical actions?
Fish Bowl activity on chapters 1-10 of The Scarlet Letter (formative assessment)
Vocabulary Square (SAT PREP)

Study vocabulary words- write 2 sentences using 3 words in journal (formative assessment)
Rd chapters 10-11 of The Scarlet Letter
Tuesday 9/13
EQ: How does community influence perception? How are communities different from one another? Is everyone in the same community “the same?”
Take 5-10 minutes to share vocabulary responses (formative assessment)
Introduce “Leaving a Legacy Project”
Journal prompts (prewriting for “Leaving a Legacy”): How might our classroom community be different from the nursing home community? How might it be the same? What do you want to know about the nursing home community? Do you think the nursing home will display any parallels with the community in The Scarlet Letter? Use specific examples.
Class discussion of journal prompt (formative assessment)
Interview questions for “Leaving a Legacy” due Friday
Read chapters 12-13 in The Scarlet Letter (pg 134-152)
Wednesday 9/14
EQ: How does perspective influence stories? What are the advantages to seeing from multiple points of view?
Read The Scarlet Letter chapters 14-16 (pg 153-174)
“Think in Threes Chart” (point of view)
Mini assignment: Write a short conversation between Dimmesdale and Prufrock. What might they say to one another? What do they have in common? How are they both outcasts to society? (formative assessment)
Interview Questions for “Leaving a Legacy” due Friday
Read chapters 17-18 of The Scarlet Letter (pg 174-189)
Review for vocabulary game on Thursday
Thursday 9/15
How can we describe characters who are so versatile? Can we do so without shedding positive or negative lights?
Vocabulary Game (SAT vocabulary)- Computer lab (formative assessment)
Read Ch 19-20 of The Scarlet Letter as a class (pg191-208)
Creating a “Puritan Profile” on facebook (use attributes of characters) (formative assessment)

Interview questions for “Leaving a Legacy” due Friday
Read ch.21-22 of The Scarlet Letter (pg 209-228)
Friday 9/16
How can I be objective and fair? How can I compose interview questions that inspire participants to give me the information I need?
Workshop interview questions for “Leaving a Legacy” project in groups of two
Students will be given a worksheet including the following questions:
Are the interview questions focused? Do they inspire the participant to answer about a specific event? Are they unbiased? Are they respectful to sensitive matters? Do they show interest without being written in an aggressive style? (to be turned in for formative assessment)
Polish interview questions for Monday
Prepare journals for a journal check on Monday

Week Six
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due for next class
Monday 9/19
EQs: How do others contextualize events that have occurred in their lives? How does community fit into the structure of the story? Is it a one-sided story?
Trip to nursing home. Students will bring their notebooks and interview questions
Finish The Scarlet Letter (pg 229-244)
Study for test on The Scarlet Letter and SAT vocabulary on Friday
Tuesday 9/20
EQs: What makes sources credible? How do I give credit where it is due?
The Scarlet Letter web quest
Handout: using reliable sources for research
MLA format/plagiarism mini lesson- exploring documentation books
Exit ticket: How can a writer tell if a research source is accurate and credible? (formative assessment)
We Were Here anticipation guide

Wednesday 9/21
EQs: What makes a source credible? How can I document sources in MLA format?
Turn in anticipation guide
Research day- meet in library. Turn in documentation of 2 sources in MLA format for an exit ticket (formative assessment)
Read We Were Here pg 5-32
Draft of research paper due Monday
Thursday 9/22
EQs: What are the overarching themes in The Scarlet Letter? How are the characters both “good” and “bad”?
Anticipation guide activity (Dail) (pre-assessment)
Rd pg. 33-45 of We Were Here as a class
Review game (Who Wants to be a Millionaire) for test

Study for test
Draft of research paper due Monday
Friday 9/23
EQs: How can I contextualize the overall themes in the novel? How does point of view play a role?
Test on The Scarlet Letter
(summative assessment)

Draft of research paper due Monday for workshop

Week Seven
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due for next class
Monday 9/26
EQs: How can I write a focused research essay? How will I know if my sources are credible?
Draft of research paper due
Workshop in groups of two
Guiding questions: Does your partner have sources that are credible? Is the paper clear and organized? Does the paper stay focused? (to be turned in at the end of class for a formative assessment)

Read pg 45-57 of We Were Here
Write down 4 adjectives to describe Miguel and 4 to describe Mong

Draft of narrative due Friday
Tuesday 9/27
EQs: How are stereotypes developed? How do they affect how we perceive individuals?
Share/discuss adjectives from homework
“Paint a character” activity- divide class into two- One will write about school-related stereotypes, and one will write about society-related stereotypes)- must use characters from We Were Here (this is based off of initial interpretations of the text
Class discussion on stereotypes and how we determine them/perspective (formative assessment, participation in activity and/or discussion)
Rd pg 57-77 of We Were Here
Draft of narrative due Friday
Wednesday 9/28
EQs: Can characters be connected through their personality traits? How could community influence personality traits?
Journal prompt: Do any of the characters in the novel remind you of people from your community? How so? How does this relate to the concept of stereotypes that we have been studying?
Group activity: comparing a character from We Were Here to a character from The Scarlet Letter
-Create a poster with both characters’ names and write three (text-based) similarities (formative assessment)
Rd pg 77-91 of We Were Here

Draft of narrative due Friday
Thursday 9/29
EQ: Can a character be distinctly defined as a villain or a hero? How are characters multi-layered?
Rd pg 91-111 of We Were Here as a class
In class discussion on “right versus wrong” characters:
Do the boys have any “good” qualities? Are any of their actions “good”? Is Mei-li a hero for driving the boys, or is she a villain for helping them escape? How does Mong seem to display two separate personalities? (formative assessment)
Draft of narrative due tomorrow
Friday 9/30
EQs: How is narrative writing an important skill? How should a narrative paper flow?
Narrative workshop
Students will work in groups of two and will be given a sheet for guidance (formative assessment)
Some guiding questions: Does the narrative sound reflective in nature? Does it focus on one event? Is it well-organized? Does it offer enough detail to effectively convey the story?
Final Products for “Leaving a Legacy” due next Thursday
Read pg. 111-142 of We Were Here

Week Eight
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due
Monday 10/3
Should an individual be judged by his or her actions? Can living in a community influence how an individual thinks?
Discuss Literature Circles and assign roles
Read Anne Bradstreet’s “To my Dear Loving Husband…” and Langston Hughes’ “I, Too”
Discussion: How do the themes of these poems relate to our theme of rebellion? (informal formative assessment)

All Products for “Leaving a Legacy” due Thursday
Read pg. 142-154 of We Were here
Prepare for Literature Circle on Tuesday
Tuesday 10/4
How do stories from literature connect with the real world? What can we learn about life from literature?
Literature circles (numerous standards): Students assume the roles of discussion director, literary luminary, connector, or investigator (students will turn in notes for formative assessment)

All Products for “Leaving a Legacy” due Thursday
Read pg. 154-174 of We Were Here
Wednesday 10/5
How can writing be used to persuade? How do I make my writing authentic?
Active and Passive Voice Mini Grammar Lesson + Reporter Writing Assignment (formative assessment)
Draw neighborhood map for “Where I’m From “ piece
All Products for “Leaving a Legacy” due tomorrow
Thursday 10/6
How can I grab my audience’s attention? How can my presentation effect how others view my writing?
All products for “Leaving a Legacy” due today (summative assessment)
PowerPoint presentation on effective storytelling (discussion)
Prepare for Presentation
Rd pg. 175- 205 of We Were Here
Friday 10/7
How can I show enthusiasm when I present my writing? How can the presentation of writing affect the audience?
Presentation to nursing home participants (summative assessment of presentation skills)
Journal check on Monday (formative assessment)
Rd pg 205-240 of We Were Here
Reflection due next Thursday

Week Nine
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due next class
Monday 10/10
Are people defined more strictly by their words or actions?
Can a person really be “good” or “evil”?

Journal entry- What attributes/actions classify a character as evil? What attributes/actions classify a character as good?
Journal check (summative assessment)
-Go over academic prompt assignment sheet.
-Persuasive/Argumentative Essay PowerPoint.

Brainstorming activity- Students will make a “Pros” and “Cons” list of two characters from The Scarlet Letter or We Were Here. They must find one quote from the novel to defend each claim they make. Students will work in groups of four (informal formative assessment)
Read pg 240-270 of We Were Here
Reflection due Thursday

Tuesday 10/11
How have my experiences shaped me? What are the results of my work?
SAT Prep Game (Computer Lab)
Extra time will be spent working on the reflections
Reflection due Thursday
Wednesday 10/12
EQs: How can I focus my persuasive essay? How can I incorporate textual evidence?
Students will have the entire period to work on their drafts of the persuasive essay (academic prompt)
Reflection due Thursday
Thursday 10/13
How are characters versatile in a text? What stylistic elements does the author use to avoid creating flat characters?
Reflection due today (summative assessment)
Journal entry: How has the relationship between the main characters changed in We Were Here? Are certain elements of it the same?
- Socratic Seminar (informal formative assessment)
Read pg 270-300 of We Were Here
Friday 10/14
Can living in a community influence how an individual thinks? How does our past influence our future?
Draft “I was There” narrative from neighborhood drawing (in-class writing assignment)
Draft of Persuasive Essay due Monday
rd pg 301-343 of We Were Here

Week Ten
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due next class
Monday 10/17
How can I make my paper more argumentative?
Draft of Persuasive essay due
Workshop in a group of four: each student has five minutes to talk about the concerns of his or her paper (Dail) participation grade
Persuasive Essay due Friday
rd pg 343-end of We Were Here
Tuesday 10/18
We Were Here fishbowl discussion: (numerous standards)
Does community have influence in this novel?
Can you classify the characters as “good” or “evil”? Why or why not?
What are the major themes that link The Scarlet Letter and We Were Here (formative assessment on student notes)
Persuasive Essay due Friday
Wednesday 10/19
How can I use my voice in my writing? Why is it important to reflect on the past?
Workshop “I was There” narrative
Small Group discussion questions:
Is the narrative reflective? Is the language authentic? Does the writer’s voice come through the paper?
Persuasive Essay due Friday
Thursday 10/20
How can I present my writing effectively?
Feather Circle of “I was There” narratives (Summative Assessment)
Persuasive Essay due Friday
Friday 10/21
How does culture influence the individual?
Persuasive Essay due today (summative assessment)
Journal prompt: What is something you are afraid of? When did you discover your fear, and why do you think you have it?
Read “No Speak English” from House on Mango Street
Mini Spanish lesson

Complete The House on Mango Street Web Quest. Turn in accompanying handout.

Week Eleven
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due next class
Monday 10/24
Can you have more than one home? Is the place you sleep always considered your home?
Take up web quest handout (formative assessment)
Absolute Phrases mini lesson (Dail)
Activity with absolute phrases to create imagery about the place the students consider to be “home”

Read page 3-32 from House on Mango Street

Tuesday 10/25
How does an individual’s culture help establish his or her identity?
Journal activity: In the reading homework, a whole chapter was dedicated to Esperanza’s name. What do you know about your name? Where did it come from? Why did your parents choose it? Do you like it?
Mini Socratic seminar (formative assessment on student’s notes and discussion)
Read pg 33-45 of House on Mango Street
Wednesday 10/26
How does specific language influence a story?
Group activity: Each group will be assigned a vignette from House on Mango Street and will create a “found poem” from their section. The students must also come up with a description for the reasons why they choose the words they picked out from the novel. All groups will present their found poems at the end of class (formative assessment)
Rd pg 46-61 of House on Mango Street
Thursday 10/27
EQ: How are communities defined?
Practical Mini Lesson: Filling out a job application (students read about Esperanza’s first job for homework) (turn in as a formative assessment)
Read “In a Station of the Metro” by Ezra Pound
How is community displayed in this short poem? How is this community different from the one you live in? How is it different from Esperanza’s community?
Rd pg. 62-83 of House on Mango Street

Friday 10/28
EQs: How can I make a text my own? What kind of connections can I make?
Reader Response Activity: Students can choose between the following activities to complete (summative assessment) for the class period: Dramatic Monologue, Postcard, Collage, Dear Diary, Write your own
Rd pg 84-110 of House on Mango Street

Week Twelve
Essential Questions/GPS
In-Class Activities
Homework Due
Monday 10/31

EQs: What significance can community play in an individual’s life?
What is the purpose of having settled communities? What is the difference between community and culture?

Fishbowl for The House on Mango Street
Question options: How does community influence the individual? Can individuals be unaffected by their community? Use textual evidence (formative assessment on student notes and conversations)
Study for House on Mango Street Essay test
Tuesday 11/1
EQ: How do community and culture intermingle with each other? What does this mean for identity?
House on Mango Street Essay Test (summative assessment) on major concepts/themes (community and cultural influence)- use examples from House on Mango Street and connections to We Were Here (several GPS standards)
Homework break J
Wednesday 11/2
EQ: How can themes overlap in several pieces of literature? Do all communities have some sort of overlap?

Introduction to The Hunger Games (read a passage or two)
Dystopian Literature PowerPoint
Introduce Digital Project requirements
Digital project brainstorming (assignment encompass themes that we have been focusing on throughout the semester)
- Each student has a few minutes to journal about a few ideas and then will share those ideas with a group of four (other students will ask questions)
- (formative assessment of group discussions)
Read Chapters 1-3 of The Hunger Games
Thursday 11/3
EQ: How can historical pieces of literature connect with futuristic pieces of literature?

Assign Literature Circle roles for The Hunger Games
Read “The Notorious Jumping frog of Calaveras County” by Mark Twain as a class
Journal entry: How does this story relate to The Hunger Games? Are there any similarities in theme? What are the differences?
Read chapters 4-5 of The Hunger Games
Prepare for Literature Circle Role
Friday 11/4
EQ: How does this text relate to “the real world”?

Literature Circle for The Hunger Games. Student roles: Literary Luminary, Investigator, Discussion Director, Illustrator, Connector
Read chapters 6-8 of The Hunger Games
Finalize topic for digital project and be ready to share idea on Monday