Types of Telescopes

Types of Telescopes

The telescope is the oldest instrument used by man for observing the sky. The telescopes are tools to magnify images of distant objects, such as the stars. The telescope is a set of devices used for the study of the universe through the collection of electromagnetic radiation from celestial bodies like the sun, the stars and other stellar phenomena.

The use of optical instruments date back to the thirteenth century, but telescopes were invented by Dutch opticians in the early seventeenth century.

The first scientist who used the telescope was Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), an Italian inventor. The use of this instrument allowed Galileo to see four satellites of Jupiter. He had a simple 30 mm refractor telescope which had a very poor optical quality with which he observed the four satellites of Jupiter (now known as the Galilean satellites in his honor).

Currently there are different types of telescopes which are highly specialized and work in different ways.

There are basically three types of telescope to choose from; viz;

(a) Refractor

(b) Reflector and

(c) Catadioptric telescopes.

Each telescope type has its own merits and demerits, which you should consider when making a choice, depending on your lifestyle and observation purposes.

Refractor Telescopes

This is the oldest telescope model and therefore, the best known. It is sometimes also called Galilean telescope. This type of telescope has a long and relatively thin tubes with the main lens (objective) in front, which collects and focuses light. At the other end is where the eye can see the image. The refractor telescope is often called the bezel.

The simplest type of astronomical telescope has two lenses. Both are convex; that is, they are thicker in the centres than at the ends. The lens that is closer to the object is called the objective lens. Light from a distant source passes through the lens and reaches a focus as a ”real” and inverted image inside the telescope tube. The eye lens magnifies the image formed by the objective lens.

The refractor of all types require little or no maintenance. They have closed tubes that protect them from dust and reduce image degradation caused by air currents.

If the lenses are good, refractor telescopes give a good high-contrast image. They are especially desirable for viewing the moon and planets.

The refractors generally have small openings, typically between 60 mm and 120 mm. For many astronomical purposes, this aperture is very small. Little bright objects like galaxies and nebulae will appear as weak blurs when you can actually detect them.

Another disadvantage of these telescopes is chromatic aberration. It occurs due to the fact that the lenses have different refractive indexes for different wavelengths of light. Obviously, the larger the lens the better. However, this type of telescope becomes much more expensive as the lens size increases.

A good refractor telescope also costs more per inch opening than any other type of telescope.

Reflector Telescopes

The reflector is also known as the Newtonian telescope. These use a large, heavy concave mirror instead of lenses to collect and focus light. You look through the eyepiece located at the side of the tube near the top.

The light from distant objects come into the telescope tube in parallel rays, which are reflected in the concave mirror to a flat diagonal mirror. The diagonal mirror then reflects the light through an opening in one side of the telescope eyepiece lens.

Compared to other telescopes of the same opening, a reflector telescope is the cheapest telescope. An added advantage lies in the fact that the reflectors work with mirrors instead of lenses, hence, they do not have the problem of chromatic aberration as is the case with refractor telescopes.

They are bulkier than refractors and their management is less intuitive, since the eye is located near the mouth of the telescope.

Its optical quality is often less than that of refractors. However, recent models have more impressive optical qualities.

Catadioptric Telescopes

The catadioptric telescopes consist of a lens that is placed at the end of the telescope through which the light passes through first and then reaches the primary mirror at bottom of tube which, in turn, reflects the light to a secondary mirror. It tries to solve the defects of the previous telescope designs. It is pretty much a blend of the refractor and reflector telescopes.

They are short and heavy but easy to transport because of their short length tubes. These telescopes are very portable, even for those with considerable openings. For the same opening, these are shorter telescopes than reflectors and refractors.

Its optical quality is good but it fail to outperform a good refractor telescope. The focusing mechanism can be very delicate and inaccurate. They are more expensive than the reflector telescopes of the same aperture.

When buying a telescope, one must take into account many other factors such as the saddle, weight, size, place of observation and of course, the price.

Telescopes developed by reputable brands such as Celestron, Orion, and Sky-Watcher make excellent products that very durable and given you the “stepped up” vision needed to explore the night skies and see the wonders of outer space.

Article Name
Types of Telescopes


Each of the pages below is a short biography of someone known to me. They are community activists and campaigners who, I feel, ought to be recorded and honoured for their efforts and achievements.

Each person’s short biography is produced as a series of drafts with other people who knew them well, though of course I am responsible for what appears here. I am especially sensitive to the feelings of family members and partners, who guide each entry.

Ideally some or all of these people would feature in their own right in Wikipedia, however their criteria for entries about people is that they are noteworthy, meaning lots of other references; which doesn’t help acknowledge many community activists.

If I had to summarise these pages it would be:

Tread softly, because you tread upon my dreams, by W B Yeats.

In no particular order:

Richard Kirkman (1949-1987)

Sue Napolitano (1948-1996)

June Maelzer (1942-2004)

Neville Strowger (1939-2015)

Brenda Hilditch (1939-2005)

Angela Madeley (1956-2015)

Alison Blake (1969-1996)

Ken Lumb (1941-2009)

Cathy Avison (1963-1992)

Ian Stanton (1950-1998)

Kevin Hyett (1958-2004)

(more suggestions are welcome)


Municipal wastewater treatment plants benefits from energy-efficient ZS screw blower

In conventional wastewater activated sludge plants, millions of bacteria feed on organic waste, breaking it up into carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas and water. Because the bacteria need oxygen, large amounts of air are blown in the aeration tanks. The aeration blower system accounts for up to 70 percent of the energy usage in a typical biological wastewater treatment plant. The Atlas Copco ZS+ blowers come in a fully integrated package, including Variable Speed Drive (VSD) to precisely match the air delivery to the customer's air demand, reducing the energy bill of these continuously operating plant significantly.

Воздуходувки Отрасли применения Очистка сточных вод

Watch the video below:


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The FJ-III by MACSAX was designed for today's diverse music and competitive scene. The multitude of genres of music being played today impose a unique set of challenges on working musicians, who need to match the style and sound of the situation, and need to be 100% comfortable and in control of their saxophone.

The FJ-III was designed to provide a sound where all the harmonics are in complete balance. What this means is that the lows, mids, and highs are all equally present in the sound, totally balanced. This creates a unique blank canvas so each musician can shape and develop a unique and personal sound that will always be appropriate to the genre of music.

The FJ-III was also designed to be highly efficient. Of the many unique design elements, perhaps the most striking is the enlarged window. By widening and extending the window more of the reed is activated therefore creating more harmonic richness while also creating a free blowing and easily controlled sound.

Each FJ-III mouthpiece is CNC machined using the absolute latest technology from the finest raw materials and is precision hand finished to ensure the highest levels of consistency and attention to detail.

The FJ III is available from .110 (7) to .140 (10) tip openings. Each piece is CNC machined using the absolute latest technology and then hand finished as well as being thoroughly play tested. MACSAX's processes make each mouthpiece highly consistent and simply fantastic for the player.Includes a Silverstein ligature and cap.

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Hill tribe markets | Sapa Attractions
Wednesday, 09/11/2013 - 08:42

Hill tribe markets

Hill tribe markets are the most colorful weekly event of hill tribes. Flower Hmong, Dzao, Tay, Nung tribes...they come to the market not only to buy or sell but mainly to sip wine which is believed to symbolize for friendship and connection. Each market brings a very single beauty. This is truly a rendezvouz for those who wish to experience more about tribe life and some ancient activities.

Hill tribe markets
Muong Khuong market on Sunday:
Beautiful, colorful Sunday Market of the hill tribal peoples living around Muong Khuong Town let with festive atmosphere. Meeting to hill tribal peoples such as: Flower H’mong, Black Zao, Nung, Pa Zi and Tu Zi,... Living along the border district of Muong Khuong.
Magnificent and stunning landscapes of the bordering Muong Khuong District, Lao Cai with lush farm land, tea and pine plantation.

Bac Ha market on Sunday:
Bac Ha market is well-known for its naturally sub-tropical scenery. Tam Hoa plums are really a local specialty: sweet and fresh. This seems to be created by its own land, people and nature.
Average temperature here is 19°C and it's not so cold as in Sa Pa. Bac Ha is specifically identified by each mount, each house and naturally-made carpet of white plum-flowers in spring. There are 14 ethnic minorities and the Mong ethnics count for 47% then the Dao, Tay, Nung, Phu La... Mountaineers take care of their horses as their properties, means of transport and close friends.
Besides plums, Bac Ha is reputed for its alcohol (made of maize). Maize is grown on high mountains, its low in productivity but high in nutrition. To make alcohol, it's fermented with Hong My seed (the local only plant). Bac Ha alcohol is well-known due to its source of water. So it's surely believed never to have faulted one in Bac Ha market. Visitors can see the locals selling their own alcohol without feelings to be cheated.

Brocades are for sales in the market or in shops or by street-vendors. There are hand-made or manufactured products. It takes a village-girl even half a month to make a brocade of 20cm long. Their skirts or costumes cost them long time to make. Their dresses express their patience, skills. Visitors can see the girls making brocades right in the market.
Traditional values and identities are well-maintained in the market. Such markets as Bac Ha, Coc Ly have really become rendezvous for visitors at home and abroad. There is almost no bargaining or competition here. Sales girls look quite naive, sincere. They go to the market mainly to meet people and exchange funs. Especially, there is a horse market in town-centre, each market-day there are almost 100 - 200 horses for sales or exchange.
Mong or Tay or Dao ethnics’ minority girls and boys, with their best dresses on, go to the market to relax and meet their friends. At sunset, they leave with a promise to see again.
Visitors to Bac Ha are opportune to understand the local traditions and customs, taste local specialties, meet nice people and know a land code-named: white plateau.

Muong Hum market on Sunday:

Coc Ly market on Tuesday:
It is the colorful market in a mountainous area where the Flower H'mong mainly gathers to exchange their homemade products.
This Tuesday market is about 35km from Bac Ha. You can get here via a fairly good road, or by road and river; hotels in Sapa and Bac Ha can organise trips. Coc ly is a small village on the Chay river inhabited by the Flower H'mong Minority people. The Flower H'mong traditionally wear a distinctive and bright coloured costume. They are a gentle, softly spoken people who live in the steep mountainous country close to the Chinese border. Because Coc Ly is more remote than Sapa, the dress and way of life is more traditional than in the large centers. The market deals in fruit, vegetable, pork and chickens, in addition to colourful fabrics and items of traditional dress. There is a buffalo sale in progress and many of these placid animals are tethered close to the market. Buffalo are still widely used in the growing process, especially in the mountainous regions. Horse are an important form of transport in the North West and a quite a few, sturdy ponies were tied to tree around the market. The horse carry a light timber frame on their back to carry produce to and from the market.

There’s no dancing or singing, but Coc Ly Market in Lao Cai Province always turns colorful and festive on Tuesdays, when ethnic people gather there to buy and sell goods, dine and drink, or just wander to enjoy the ambience of the montagnard market.
Many ethnic traders from Bac Ha and other parts of Lao Cai Province dress up in colorful costumes and bring horses, chickens, buffaloes, vegetables or whatever they can sell to the festive market in the wee hours, and will not return home until 1pm.
Certainly, what catches the eyes of visitors most are the different colors of the costumes worn by ethnic people and the handicrafts they sell at the market, about 50 kilometers from Lao Cai City in the northern province.
You can see young and old Hmong women, wearing skirts and hats with different types of embroidered flowers, crowding the market during the opening hours of Coc Ly. Scarves, clothes, decorations and other items made of tho cam (ethnic fabric) on sale also add color to the bazaar by the Chay River.
The colorful items are put on sale not just for locals but also tourists, particularly foreigners. However, you should remember to bargain when you want to buy your favorites, and the items at the booths located at the start of the path you walk on always have higher prices. Keep walking toward the end of the traditionally ethnic market until you find a real bargain.
A good idea is to stroll every corner of the once-a-week bazaar as you listen to unexpected conversations, see nice surprises and learn how ethnic people sell and buy farm produce, life’s necessities and other things.
After visiting the market, which is the most fresh and unspoiled market of the region, offering a wide range of different colorful ethnic minorities such as Flower C'mon, Black Dao, Tay , Fula, Lachi, Sandui and Nung....there will be an exciting boat cruise winding you through a breathtaking, out of this-world landscape where the mountain grow from water presenting their most hidden mysteries, including caves and tiny minority ...A picnic lunch box can be prepared for your most convenience..

Cao Son market on Wednesday:

Lung Khau Nhin market on Thursday:

Pha Long market on Saturday:

Can Cau market on Saturday:

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TelAve News/10444515

Sustainable Innovations, LLC Wins NASA Phase I SBIR to Develop Cutting-Edge Helium Recovery System

Effective Purification, Separation and Recycling of Hydrogen and High Value Helium for a Rapidly Growing Renewable Energy Economy.

EAST HARTFORD, Conn. - Oct. 21, 2015 - TelAve -- Sustainable Innovations, a world leader in electrochemical hydrogen separation and compression technology, is pleased to announce its award of a 2015 NASA Phase I SBIR to further develop its Helium Recovery System (HRS) technology for use at NASA Stennis Space Center (SSC).

NASA SSC's rocket test programs consume large quantities of hydrogen fuel and helium for fuel line purge gas. The price of helium has increased substantially in recent years, up about 50% since 2000. Currently, waste gas streams are sent to flare stacks to be combusted or vented, resulting in a large loss of valuable helium and hydrogen gas. Therefore, interest in finding an efficient and economical method of helium recovery has never been greater. The HRS is able to remove and purify hydrogen from a mixed stream of gasses, leaving behind high-value helium. The system then purifies the recovered helium and compresses it to high pressure for further use. In 2014, a prototype unit was successfully delivered by Sustainable Innovations to NASA SSC to separate a hydrogen/helium stream as well as purify and compress the product gases under a prior SBIR Phase II award.
The heart of the HRS is a system platform under commercial development by Sustainable Innovations, termed H2RENEW™. The H2RENEW™ is an electrochemical system that separates and compresses hydrogen using Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) technology. The H2RENEW™ is currently being developed for industrial applications, including metals and electronics processing. The ability to recover both pure hydrogen and pure helium from mixed waste gas streams adds further value to the HRS.

Sustainable Innovations' newly awarded Phase I SBIR program will establish a new fundamental cell design for the HRS having the capability to separate at least twice the gas of previous designs. Ultimately, the NASA SSC HRS will be able to recapture >98% of the hydrogen and helium currently combusted and/or released to the atmosphere as waste.

About Sustainable Innovations: Sustainable Innovations (SI) is fueled by a vision to create a paradigm shift in the way the world uses energy. Led by its founder, Dr. Trent Molter, SI represents over three decades of innovation in the waste and energy industry. From hydrogen recycling systems to grid scale energy storage, SI develops and manufactures innovative technology based on a proprietary, low-cost, large format electrochemical platform that transforms waste gases and power into higher value products. With sustainability as our imperative, SI products enable breakthrough efficiency, which is just smart business.
Nancy Selman, VP of Business Development

Source: Sustainable Innovations, LLC

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    Latest on TelAve News


Simple sport: Veronika Heilbrunner in New York

Part of the fun of street style is seeing how different people interpret different trends and collections. Take, for example, the sporty-chic fashion aesthetic of Lacoste. On the same day, to the same show, we saw Patricia Manfield’s sporty-fetish interpretation featuring a tennis skirt and patent thigh high boots. And then, to the more minimal side of the equation, was this look from Veronika Heilbrunner.

What do you get when you cross tennis with fetish? This.

Being a street style star requires constant ability to mix things up and create surprise contrasts where least expected. So we’re to believe if we spy the outfit worn by Patricia Manfield during New York Fashion Week, featuring a unique spin on the sportswear-as-fashion trend. Manfield wore a demurely-buttoned up Lacoste polo paired with a matching Lacoste tennis skirt… and thigh high latex boots. See…


Justin Sottile

film and motion

I started this piece about a year ago after I lost my dog. In an effort to cope, I created a little boy named Oliver who was going through the same thing. His robot named Sam was taken from him in the middle of the night without any real warning. But we got through it together. As homage to him and his story, I created “Dismantling Sam”. What started as an in cohesive fever dream turned into a short poem. And under the advice of friends and family, that poem was turned into an animated short film. Whenever you go through something in your life, whether happy or sad, just remember that there is someone else who is going through the same thing, even if you have to make them up. Don’t ever let anyone tell you it isn’t okay to cry. Audio credit to Chris Zabriskie


Eduardo Galeano

New World Disorder

By Eduardo Galeano

This is an edited version of an address given by the Uruguayan journalist to the World Congress of Christian Communicators. The original appeared in Spanish in Pastoral Popular.

Today’s world, under the symmetrical totalitarianism imposed by the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the like, is a world without a soul, a world with no people, only markets; no citizens, only consumers; no nations, only business empires; no human relations, only mercantile competition.


Why Choose PHH

We care about our performance, our colleagues and our community

People often ask why they should work at PHH. Our answer is: "Our people." Our employees represent a broad range of experiences and perspectives. We are dedicated to delivering the highest quality customer service, driven to succeed, and focused on professional excellence, a family-friendly work environment, and caring for our communities.

We believe a workforce of dynamic and diverse employees contributes greatly to the growth and quality of our company. And we actively foster a culture where differences are celebrated, employees have the opportunity to contribute and succeed, and we all work toward a common goal.

Employee Recognition

Every company knows that your performance impacts our performance – and we are proud to recognize outstanding achievement through a variety of employee reward and recognition programs.

Our programs include everything from formal recognition from one employee to another to full-scale award programs that provide quarterly and yearly spotlights on the “best of the best.” PHH recognition programs include Raise the Bar, a program that acknowledges and celebrates employees who are instrumental in driving success for PHH through their personal actions and demonstration of the company’s core values, and the Chairman’s Club and President’s Club programs that recognize top sales performers.

Community Involvement

PHH employees actively participate in corporate philanthropy through a wide range of charitable initiatives. We proudly support charitable organizations in our communities with both donations and volunteer efforts. You can have a positive impact in your community by getting involved in PHH-sponsored volunteer efforts, including blood drives, Habitat for Humanity, United Way, teams for charity walks/runs/bike rides, golf tournaments and much more.

Search for PHH Careers


To “emigrate” is to leave a country. The E at the beginning of the word is related to the E in other words having to do with going out, such as “exit.” “Immigrate,” in contrast, looks as if it might have something to do with going in, and indeed it does: it means to move into a new country. The same distinction applies to “emigration” and “immigration.” Note the double M in the second form. A migrant is someone who continually moves about.


I have interests in creative writing, badminton, and Indian classical music.

A sampling of pictures down the ages is here.

A page with my current reads and music albums is here.

Here is the web page of somebody who keeps me sane and smiling.

I act as a consultant on technical matters through a company that I am a part of called CSSCS. I am currently consulting on topics such as reliability, security, data analytics, and high performance computing.


Tiny Homes, a home tech revolution?

Over the past couple of years, I have noticed an increase in the concepts surrounding Tiny or Smaller homes that are less than 300 square feet, more or less.

They are created out of all forms of materials and seem to be movable to almost any location.

Is the new little home now a part of a developing tech revolution?

I often think, if the tiny or small movable home is totally self sustaining and ‘off the grid’ there could be significant changes to where and how we all live.

From my recent studies, it would appear that the only down side to a small movable home is location.

There are many new avenues that appear to be opening up for those wanting to create their home on wheels.

RV parks and some farming areas are now considering leasing lands to the tiny home owner.

Still there did seem to be a lack of business development for those who want to create their own home.

Not everyone who can afford to make a nice looking movable tiny home will be able to purchase the land to place it on.

However, in future more and more land will most likely be made available for lease.

If land owners who are in the leasing business could look down the road a little way and consider the positive impact and benefits of leasing spaces to tiny home owners, they might find some unrealized revenue opportunities.

If you could build your dream home on wheels and create it to be self sustainable, would you?

Think of the opportunities that would be made available to you if you were able to do so.

Save money, reduce your carbon footprint, live in an environment of your choosing, developing new relationships with in tiny home communities.

Overall, it seems like the tiny or smaller dwellings that are movable or even if permanent and left in their spaces are just a great idea.

Downsizing is a freeing experience, it offers you the chance to lighten your load and discover an entirely different way of living life.


Essay on Free Cuba

Submitted By motomom310
Words: 413
Pages: 2

Composition 5 (Cuba)

In 1492, Christopher Columbus landed on and claimed the island now occupied by Cuba, for the Kingdom of Spain. Cuba is an Island in the Caribbean, the nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, as well as the Isla de la Juventud. Recent population estimates 11.6 Million to 11.17 Million Cubans occupy the Island, the population of Cuba has very complex with intermarriage between diverse groups. Cuba has faced many challenges since being discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.
Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Cuba remained a territory of Spain until the Spanish–American War ended in 1898. Cuba gained formal independence from the U.S. in 1902. Within a century the indigenous people were virtually wiped out due to multiple factors, including infectious diseases caused due to a lack of natural resistance. In 1529, a measles outbreak in Cuba killed two-thirds of the natives who had previously survived smallpox. Cuba remained a Spanish possession for almost 400 years, with an economy based on plantation agriculture, mining, and the export of sugar, coffee, and. The work was done primarily by African slaves brought to the island (Wikipedia).
In the 1820s, when the rest of Spain's empire rebelled and formed independent states, Cuba remained loyal. Independence from Spain was the motive for a rebellion in 1868 led by Carlos Manuel de Céspedes; he freed his slaves to fight with him for a free Cuba. On 27 December 1868, he issued a decree condemning slavery in theory but accepting it in practice and declaring


The Seven Tropes of Paranormal Romance

I read a LOT of paranormal romance. I also write it. So I’m sitting here at the keyboard trying to boil it down into seven tropes: the seven things that aren’t so much over-used as instantly recognisable and definitive of the subgenre. Or to put it another way: what do I like to see in a paranormal romance novel?

Kick Ass Heroine

Right from the start, even if she’s in a Cinderella role, I want to see strength in the heroine. What does she believe in? What will she fight for?

Magic Won’t Solve the Problem

The fun of paranormal romance is, in a large part, the imaginative worlds authors create. How does some form of magic or “otherness” make the world of the book different to our everyday lives? However, as mind-boggling as the magical world is, magic can’t solve all problems. Human resourcefulness and the heroine’s emotional journey must contribute to saving the day.

A Man of Mystery

Part of the heroine’s (and reader’s) journey of discovery must include the hero. Who is he really? What secret is he hiding? Why can’t we guess what he’ll do next?

Who Has the Map?

We’re all going on a quest. It might be to solve a murder or to save the day, but there’s a quest underway. There’ll be setbacks and, hopefully, unforeseen twists. The stakes get progressively higher.

Don’t Die Laughing

Humour lurks in paranormal romance. Sometimes it’s subtle and rueful. Other times it is loud and snarky. As the tension ratchets up, someone crack a joke!

Find the Touchstone

The worlds of paranormal romance are many and varied, but as we quest here and there, we have to stumble over a touchstone or two. Somewhere in the thickets of magic is the truth. As readers, we recognise some soul truth. So does our heroine, and it changes her. It goes back to the first kick ass question: what (or who) is worth fighting for?

And We All Live Happily Ever After

Whatever happens in a paranormal romance novel, it is a ROMANCE. There has to be a happy ending, or a happy for now ending. Better make it believable, too. The world may be magical, but human hearts remain the same, and we want our hero and heroine to have a solid chance at happiness.

You see, at their core, paranormal romance novels are about fighting impossible odds in incredible settings with unusual sidekicks out of the hope that somehow we (like the heroine) can make a difference in life.

What do you expect to see in a paranormal romance novel?

phoenix blood, jenny schwartz, pnr, paranormal romance, kindle unlimited,

Phoenix Blood is 99c or free in Kindle Unlimited. Magic condemned him, but before he dies, he’ll save the woman whose heart he broke. Magic, mystery, a fledgling phoenix and a once-in-a-lifetime road trip.

Buy link:


public marks

PUBLIC MARKS with tags basic & open_source

April 2008

by jdrsantos
Lemick is a programming language with BASIC syntax, it's a typed and a compiled language, its source is compiled into a platform-independent virtual machine assembler that is later transformed into a platform-dependent representation by the just-in-time c

MiniBasic homepage

by jdrsantos
MiniBasic is designed as a simple programming language, based on BASIC. If you already know BASIC then you are well on your way to learning MiniBasic, if you don‽t then MiniBasic is one of the simplest programming languages to learn.

BASIC-256 - Programming for Kids

by jdrsantos & 1 other
BASIC-256 is an easy to use version of BASIC designed to teach young children the basics of computer programming. It uses traditional control structures like gosub, for/next, and goto, which helps kids easily see how program flow-control works. It has a b

SmallBASIC | One more basic

by jdrsantos
The SmallBASIC project aims to provide a full featured and easy to use interpreted language suitable for non serious programming on any computing platform.

Bas - BASIC interpreter

by jdrsantos

XBLite Programming Language for Windows

by jdrsantos
XBLite is a concise, simple, powerful, Windows programming language which combines the speed of C with the ease of a BASIC syntax.

Blassic: The classic Basic

by jdrsantos

GLBCC - GNU/Liberty Basic Compiler Collection

by jdrsantos
The GNU/Liberty Basic Compiler Collection (GLBCC) is a suite of tools designed to allow Windows and Linux users to compile Liberty Basic code to a standalone application. GLBCC uses entirely independent and entirely free libraries to generate super small

January 2008

by jdrsantos
Basic4GL is a free BASIC programming language for Win32 platforms with built in OpenGL v1.1 support. Basic4GL is a compiler and virtual machine, using a easy, simple syntax based on traditional BASIC. It is designed to be an easy to learn, easy to use lan

November 2007

Gambas - Gambas Almost Means Basic

by jdrsantos & 3 others

September 2007

May 2007

XBLite Programming Language for Windows

by jdrsantos
XBLite is a concise, simple, powerful, Windows programming language which combines the speed of C with the ease of a BASIC syntax. The XBLite compiler is free, open-source, and published under GPL and LGPL licenses.

by jdrsantos
XBasic is a comprehensive program development environment that integrates a powerful editor, compiler, debugger, function libraries and GuiDesigner into a seamless working environment that encompasses the whole process of creating fast, efficient, reliabl

FreeBASIC compiler (a free BASIC compiler) - official page - News [en]

by jdrsantos & 2 others
FreeBASIC - as the name suggests - is a completely free, open-source, 32-bit BASIC compiler, with the syntax the most compatible possible with MS-QuickBASIC, that adds new features such as pointers, unsigned data types, inline-assembly and many others.

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Tuesday, June 22, 2010

Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin was an English geologist and natural scientist whose research and theories are still used and mostly accepted world-wide. It is a certain fact that you cannot be a scientist and without knowing who Charles Darwin is. He developed some of the most fundamental terms of science. In Charles Darwin’s book,On the Origin of Species, Darwin set out to research and understand the diversity and adaptation of life due to his observance of various finches on Galapagos Island. Darwin concluded that evolution happened in steps, over time, and his idea of natural selection, although he could not fully understand it at the time, was based on the ‘survival of the fittest’. He developed a few points on how natural selection occurred. One point is: more offspring are produced than those that can actually survive.

Charles Darwin’s book was addressed to other scientists of his time. His purpose in writing was to inform and invoke others to question the unknown. It entails specific language and a certain degree of education to understand his research. This implies that he intended his audience to have some caliber of understanding of science.
His writing was of a very controversial nature. In publishing his work, Darwin stood to undergo a fair share of scrutiny. ‘Evolution’ was a term that represented something that threatened the core of the Church of England. Threatening the Church of England could lead to punishment by death or expulsion. Darwin also had to worry about what his peers would think of his book. Darwin basically says that all species derived from one or a group of common ancestors. In saying that one can understand why the church would frown on this type of declaration. The Bible says that God created all species individually. Not all evolving from one common animal. It implies that humans came from other animals, not from the creation of God. It was so controversial that he held on to it for twenty years before publishing it. Even though he grew up in the Church, people called him an atheist. He has been known to consider himself more of an agnostic- he stated that he did not deny the existence of God.

Darwin was trying to accomplish one thing- answers to a curious mind. He observed the world with questions that could not be answered easily, and wanted to share his findings with other scientist and people of his time. He wanted to know WHY the finches in some areas had one beak and the finches in another area had a different beak. Darwin allowed room for people to speculate theories of their own because he clearly stated that some things he couldn’t explain. This encouraged others to invoke ideas of their own and begin to question how this ‘natural selection’ phenomenon occurred. He opened the door to a lot of research in the science world. He stated things others may have thought but were too afraid to put in writing and publish. (There was one other scientist who was developing this same ideas at the time, a bit different, but very close in nature. They jointly presented their findings in separate books but at the same time. His name was Wallace.)

All in all, I think Darwin was very successful in the way in which he presented his material based on the simple fact that Darwin’s theories are taught in every evolution class, genetics class, and most basic science books. He provides his research findings in a detailed framework. His tone is informative and direct. His theories are the most accepted theory, in science, of how some species came to be, how some species adapted, why some died out or became extinct, etc.

Saturday, June 5, 2010

Introduction to technical writing

Hello All!!My name is Coretta Johnson and i am a senior biology major at Southern. I currently work at Forrest General Hospital and bartend on weekends. Since my field of study revolves around research, most of my writings are of the 'lab report' type. I do enjoy writing lab reports. They are documentations in a chronological order of any procedures and results conducted in the laboratory setting. I also enjoy narrating. The type of writing that can get challenging,for me, is a research paper. I say this only because i always have to refresh myself on the proper way to site a research paper. I rarely write them so it is hard to remember the guidelines but once i find proper information on how to cite, i don't mind writing.
I think the biggest contributing factor in miscommunication in writing is not using proper grammar or attempting to read a paper that doesn't 'flow' right. By flow i mean, weird stops or mispunctuation, or using words that don't belong. Another factor in miscommunication, i think, occurs when attempting to read or understand something that is outside of your comfort zone. I am a biology major. I read a lot of scientific research, lab procedures, etc. I would have a hard time trying to read a electrical engineer's writings on how to wire a house. I wouldn't understand or know any terminology, and since i have never seen some of the tools that would be used, i couldn't even attempt to form a mental picture of the steps of wiring a house. It is hard to understand something you are not accustomed to.
I hope to obtain a better understanding of how to see and quickly find the overall message in a particular writing. Basically knowing the purpose of the writing puts you in a certain frame of mind to prepare you for what you are about to read- a business proposal, a scientific document, a comedy- knowing the purpose of a writing quickly helps you understand what your reading and better take in the information.


Control of cap-independent translation by N6-methyladenosine and FTO 1 R01 CA186702-01 PI: Jaffrey, Samie R. SUMMARY The ability of cancer cells to dynamically change their protein composition is a major mechanism by which they respond to diverse types of cellular stress, such as DNA damage and chemotherapeutics. In many cases, cellular stresses activate novel modes of translation that enable the expression of specific proteins that enhance the cancer phenotype. Cancer-specific translation controls the expression of various proteins with roles in cell survival and adaptation to stress. Novel sequence elements and motifs in the 5UTR of mRNAs are thought to have key roles in conferring the ability of transcripts to exhibit cancer-specific translation. However, their function remains mysterious because they typically lack sequence conservation. Moreover, it has not been possible to recapitulate their effects using in vitro assays that reconstitute translation initiation. In this proposal, we propose to examine the function of a recently described mRNA base modification, N[6]-methyladenosine (m6A), and determine how it affects translation of mRNAs in cancer cells. Furthermore, we previously showed that the cancer risk gene, fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO), selectively demethylates m6A in mRNA, suggesting that it may have a role in regulating mRNA fate or translation in cells. In order to significantly advance our understanding of this novel pathway that regulates protein translation, our goals are: (1) To develop SIMPL-Seq: The first method to map m6A at single-nucleotide resolution. Although m6A is known to occur in ~8,000 different mRNAs, it is not currently possible to determine its precise location in mRNAs. This is necessary for mutating these residues and establishing the function of m6A in translation and other processes. In this aim we use a novel chemical biology approach to map, for the first time, m6A residues throughout the transcriptome of diverse cancer cell lines. (2) To determine how m6A regulates translation of mRNA. To understand the mechanism by which m6A influences translation, this aim will address: (1) the sequence and structural features of m6A-containing sequence motifs that enable it to affect each type of translation initiation seen in cancer cells;(2) the m6A-binding proteins that influence ribosome recruitment to mRNA;and (3) the role of m6A in promoting translation in living cells. These experiments use both in vitro reconstitution and cell-based experiments to provide an understanding of translational regulation mediated by m6A. (3) To test the role of FTO as a regulator of translation. In this aim, we will determine if FTO is a physiologic regulator of translation. To do this, we will use ribosome profiling to identify transcripts that are translated through diverse modes of translation initiation, and determine if these are affected by FTO knockdown or overexpression. These experiments will test whether FTO functions to switch off translation that is induced by m6A. Together, the experiments in these three aims seek to resolve the long-standing mystery regarding the regulation of cancer-specific translation pathways in cells. This proposal describes a functional role for m6A and tests the idea that FTO is a regulator of translation pathways in cells. These studies will redefine our basic understanding of pathways controlling translation in cells and provide a basis for further exploration of the role of m6A and FTO in cancer and other diseases.

Public Health Relevance

Although a major mechanism that controls protein expression in cancer and other diseases is cap- independent translation, the mechanisms and pathways that control cap-independent translation are not known. In this proposal, we examine how the base modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), and the m6A demethylase, FTO, control cap-independent translation. These experiments will provide insights into how protein levels are regulated by cancer chemotherapy, hypoxia, and other cell stresses that influence cancer cell survival.

National Institute of Health (NIH)
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Research Project (R01)
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Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-GGG-T (02))
Program Officer
Strasburger, Jennifer
Project Start
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Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Schools of Medicine
New York
United States
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Meyer, Kate D; Jaffrey, Samie R (2016) Expanding the diversity of DNA base modifications with Nâ¶-methyldeoxyadenosine. Genome Biol 17:5
Meyer, Kate D; Patil, Deepak P; Zhou, Jun et al. (2015) 5' UTR m(6)A Promotes Cap-Independent Translation. Cell 163:999-1010
Zhou, Jun; Wan, Ji; Gao, Xiangwei et al. (2015) Dynamic m(6)A mRNA methylation directs translational control of heat shock response. Nature 526:591-4


Interesting Research on Resources – Things You Probably Never Knew

The Science Behind Hypnosis Time and again, we hear the question, what is hypnosis really and is it even real? A brain signature of being hypnotized was first seen in 2012 through functional MRI (fMRI), a kind of MRI showing brain activity with respect to changes in blood flow. Regions of the brain connected with executive control and attention were demonstrated to be involved. More particularly, hypnotized subjects displayed greater co-activation between parts of the brain’s executive-control network (in-charge of basic cognitive functions) and the salience network (dictates which stimuli must be given attention). In their brains, these two networks reacted together. In those who were not hypnotized, no such connectivity was seen. What drove these experiments to a higher plane is that researcher used fMRI to see which parts of brain get triggered as hypnotized subjects analyzed colors. The color sections in both left and right hemispheres were stimulated when the subjects were made to perceive colors. The scientists concluded that hypnosis is indeed an independent psychological state and surely not the outcome of adopting a role.
What I Can Teach You About Health
Another fascinating observation from these studies were the hemispheric changes between non-hypnotized and hypnotized brain. When non-hypnotized subjects were told to point out colors in a black-and-white image, only the right hemisphere responded. The left hemisphere, where reason and logic is processed, responded only during hypnosis.
5 Uses For Wellness
Another research used positron-emission tomography (PET) to look into cerebral blood flow in hypnotized subjects. The hypnotic state was related to activation of a number of mainly left-sided cortical sections and some right-sided areas. The trend of activation shared a lot of similarities with mental imagery, from which it showed differences by the relative deactivation of the precuneus (handles visuo-spatial imagery, episodic memory retrieval and self-processing operations of the brain). The trend of activation had plenty of similarities with mental imagery, from which it proved different by the relative deactivation of the precuneus, the part of the brain that takes care of the brain’s visuo-spatial imagery, episodic memory retrieval and self-processing operations. For some scholars, hypnotized subjects activate to a considerable extent the brain parts that are used in imagination, but without causing real perceptual changes. Another functional MRI study showed limited activity in both anterior cingulate cortex, which affects emotions, learning and memory, and visual areas under hypnosis. The results suggest that hypnosis influences cognitive control by limiting activity in specific brain regions. In multiple studies, hypnotizable subjects exhibited substantially more brain activity in the emotion and behavior-affecting anterior cingulate gyrus, as compared to participants who are non-hypnotized. The anterior cingulate gyrus reacts errors and assesses emotional results. Prefrontal cortex is connected with higher level cognitive processing and behavior. Comparison of findings from various studies also show rather contradictory outcomes. Many regions of the brain seem to respond in different experiments. This may be connected to various experimental techniques, both when it comes to equipment and hypnotic approach used by experimenters.


28 Jul

Cold Sore And Pregnancy Go Hand In Hand

Very often cold Sores and Pregnancy go hand in hand. It is fairly common for pregnant women to have an outbreak of the HSV-1 virus, more commonly known as cold sores. Two common risk factors in developing cold sores include stress and a weakened immune system.
Since women tend to be under extra stress and have lower immune systems during pregnancy, cold sores can be prevalent. Many women become very concerned and fear for the safety of their baby. Although there is a small risk of the baby becoming infected, generally this is not something you will need to worry about. Let’s take a closer look at cold sores and pregnancy, and the risks involved. You can get more information on causes of cold sores
Cold sores are very depressing problem. You will find it very frustrating if you try to cure them. There are several different methods for healing or preventing cold stores from forming. However, some methods can burn or cause a sting. Below are the three easy tips that can follow in order to get rid of cold sores:
1.In order to get rid of cold sores you can rub juice from aloe on it. This is very effective way to cure cold sores. You can also rub some ice over the area. This helps you to keep your sores from spreading and becoming worse.
2.Another best way to cure your cold sore is to place a tea bag on you sore. You can reduce your pain by doing this. It also stops sore from becoming worse. Tea bags contain tannic acid which helps to stop the sore from developing. So if you do not want to have a breakout then make sure to keep tea bags.
3.Taking vitamin A and vitamin C can also help you to cure your cold sores. Get rid of your sores by eating health food. You should prevent yourself from having a breakout. Eating yogurt will help you to minimize your chance of spreading your sores.
All of the above tips are 3 cures for your cold sores. You should follow these tips if you have a cold sore. If you dont follow then you will be at risk of a breakout and your sores would become worse and could spread. Do not share your food with anyone because cold sores are contagious.
You can go for causes of cold sores to get free from this problem, you are only one click away from your solution.


Pony Clubs & Riding Centers within the Northern Lakes Region

Below is a list of Pony Clubs located in the Northern Lakes Region. If you are interested in a club, contact the DC or Joint DC. If a list of Pony Clubs does not show up below, please click ‘refresh’ on your internet browser or click on the "Contact" button from the main navigation bar and your inquiry will be processes quickly!


Raptors: maintaining nature's balance

The word "raptor" historically signifies plunderer, robber of thief. Pretty accurate still, if you're a field mouse. These birds of prey play a critical role.

by Carolyn Chase
e revere them in our symbols and our songs. They are on our money and on our uniforms. But what about the genuine article? Have you ever marveled at the beauty of a soaring hawk or eagle? These majestic birds, called raptors, are among the most beautiful creatures on Earth. These birds are also very easy to see and enjoy in nature - you can find them in many types of habitats including some urban environments.
There are ten different families of raptors. They are: buteos, accipiters, eagles, falcons, vultures, osprey, harriers, kites and two families of owl. The bald eagle is the most well-known of raptors, while kites and harriers are probably the least known. Different types of hawks are members of the buteo or accipiter families. Raptors have large, powerful feet with sharp curved talons, hooked upper beaks and sharp eyesight.

Why study raptors?

Raptors are important because they help control animal populations and are an integral part of keeping natural systems in balance. If raptor prey such as mice, rabbits, rats and prairie dogs become too abundant, they can damage crops and lands and transmit diseases to humans, domestic livestock and pets. Raptors help to prevent prey population explosions that can lead to habitat problems.
Raptors are also important environmental barometers. Since raptors feed at the top of nature's food pyramid, their population provides a good indicator of the underlying health of natural ecosystems.
Like the canaries kept in coal mines to indicate poisonous air-quality for miners, eagles and other raptor populations provided the first indication that pesticides were entering food and reproductive cycles in damaging ways. Raptor populations have increased when the use of particular toxins is curtailed.

Threats to raptors

As with all wildlife, loss of habitat is the most significant problem facing raptors. While raptors are able to migrate and some can adapt in certain urban environments, the continued loss of areas to human use is putting pressure on many species.
Thousands of raptors die each year because of illegal shooting, trapping and poisoning. Raptors are protected by federal and state government and the penalty for shooting a raptor can be as high as a $10,000 fine plus a year in jail.
A third threat comes indirectly, from man's attempts at "pest" control by use of poison. Poisoning of mice, prairie dogs, feral (wild) dogs and coyotes can be eaten has been proven to kill raptors. Many pesticides can cause ongoing problems.

Getting involved

Because raptors play a role in maintaining healthy ecosystems, everyone benefits by helping these majestic birds. There are many things that can be done that will help raptors in your area. Take the time to learn about raptors and what is threatening them and their habitat. Teach your children to have respect for raptors, wildlife, and the natural world.
To have a sustainable future for generations to come there must be a balance between short-term needs and the long term health of our environment. Here are some groups that can use your support:

HawkWatch International

Phone (800) 726-HAWK
HawkWatch International (HWI) is a non-profit, member-based organization which conducts migratory raptor monitoring and education programs in the Western United States. HWI's mission is to protect birds of prey and the ecosystems that support them for the benefit of all: raptors, humanity and the earth. The two important facets of their work are the scientific research and environmental education.
HWI field studies are currently maintained at six sites in five western states. Each year an average of 30,000 raptors of 18 species are observed, with roughly 3,000 captured, banded and released. When banded birds or their bands are encountered again, clues are provided that enable scientists to determine raptor movements, habitat use and factors that threaten or contribute to their survival. Like most serious environmental problems, the effects may not be noticeable over a year or two, but can be discovered and dealt with if studied over time. HWI has monitored and counted raptor populations for more than twelve years, maintaining the type of data that is necessary to discover long-term trends in raptor populations and health.
Education starts with awareness. HWI has developed Raptor Ecology: a Teacher's Guide to Classroom Activities (Grade 4 - 8). The focus of the booklet is to provide a thematic unit with cross-curricula activities for students and teachers. Topics covered include: What is a Raptor?, Types of Raptors, Special Raptor Adaptations, Habitat and Feeding, Migration, Raptor Ecology, Birds of Prey and Humans, and Student Activities. Although the main target for this booklet is teachers, it can also be used by other organizations such as Scouts, 4H and ecology clubs. The booklet is only $5 plus postage and was created with the generous support of the Crystal Channel Foundation.
Memberships, "Adopt-a-Hawks," The Raptor Ecology Booklet and other raptor related books and materials are available from HWI.

Project Wildlife

Phone: (619) 225-WILD
Raptors are often victims in encounters with people and their machines. Project Wildlife has been caring for injured, orphaned or sick wildlife for 20 years. In 1993, Project Wildlife took in 9,000 animals and 650 raptors. Each animal has a separate recovery team composed of volunteers. Their release rate is 70 percent and their motto is "A second chance."
If you find an injured, orphaned and sick wild animal be sure to call a specialist at Project Wildlife! Keep the animal warm, dark and quiet. A cardboard box is the best thing for any injured animal and please don't feed or give them anything to drink.

Fund for Animals Wildlife Rehabilitation Center

Phone: (619) 789-2324.
The Center occupies a 5 acre facility in Ramona. They work with all species of native California wildlife, from hummingbirds to mountain lions and all species of birds, particularly raptors. Each year they handle more than 1,000 indigenous raptors, including numerous golden eagles. Each year, the numbers of raptors that they have to take care of increases. They believe the main reason for the increase is a steady loss of habitat. They maintain indoor and outdoor mews (raptor enclosures) for birds of prey and a gigantic free-flight enclosure - one of the largest in the country.
They are a State licensed, wildlife medical and rehabilitation center and they network with similar organizations in California and Arizona. The public is invited to visit on Saturdays and Sundays from 10a-4pm. The facility is located at 18740 Highland Valley Road, Ramona (one mile west of Highway 67). Call 24 hours in case of emergency.

Iron Mountain Conservancy

Phone: (619) 789-8136
During December and January, interested folks meet every Sunday and watch the annual raptor migration in and around Ramona. Several projects threaten to develop grassland habitats that are used by raptors for foraging. This is a very much unrecognized resource in San Diego County. We have fantastic displays of birds of prey as part of their winter migratory habitat. But as the habitat is developed, the birds have no places left to hunt and nest. People interested in helping save local raptor habitats please call Fred Sproul at the above number. Since this is an all-volunteer effort, be patient; Fred will return your call.

Carolyn Chase is a director of HawkWatch International, Executive Director of San Diego Earth Day, and recipient of the mayor's 1994 Spirit of San Diego award.


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Arabic Bible As one of the earliest Bible translations, the Arabic translation is deeply rooted in history. There’s something to be learned from a language that originated relatively close to where the Bible’s most notable writers lived and died. Arabic is still spoken natively in several countries to this day.

English Bible The earliest translations of the Bible into English stem from the 7th century. Since then, the good news of Jesus Christ has been made available to about 42 English-speaking countries all over the world. Of course, not everyone who can read English wants to or is able to read the Word of God. But thanks to some faithful translators long ago, language is no longer a barrier.

French Bible There are more French Bible translations than can be listed here, but all of them are equally influential. Each one has inspired the beginning and growth of various French Catholic and Protestant churches. The Word of God still continues to reach people in French-speaking countries, even in the 21st century.

German Bible Germany is home to millions of people, each with a different story, a different life, and a different struggle. God cares for all of these people, and one of the ways He has chosen to reach out to them is through His Word. Now, the Word can be shared with countless German-speakers through our specialized audio Bibles.

Hebrew Bible It can be hard to relate to someone who lives in a different country, among a completely different culture. But if there’s one thing that unites you, it’s your need for the everlasting love of God. Those who speak Hebrew may not share your language, but they share an inherent longing for something more. This audio Bible is meant to help them find exactly what they need His Word.

Japanese Bible The large population of Japan presents an overwhelming opportunity to preach the gospel to the lost. Despite the great number of people who call Japan their home, we believe that every life matters. Help get the good news into the hands of one of these lives by buying one of our Japanese audio Bibles today.

Mandarin Chinese Bible Mandarin, like all forms of Chinese, was one of the hardest languages to translate, mainly due to the difficulty of converting regional dialects into words on a page. Despite complications, though, a Mandarin Chinese translation finally became a reality. For over a century, Mandarin speakers have been able to access and study the Word of God.

Romanian Bible In 1688, Nicolae Milescu was the first to complete a Romanian translation of the Bible. Two main translations are used today- one primarily by the Catholic Church and the other primarily by Protestants. Approximately 24 million Romanian-speaking people can now read and hear scripture in their native language.

Russian Bible Although the first attempts to translate the Bible into Russian began in the 1500s, it wasn’t until 1751 that a Russian Bible was produced and widely distributed among the public. Many new versions have recently been made available to help the Russian people better understand the message of Christ.

Spanish Bible The first Spanish translation of the Bible was recorded more recently than you might think. Only about 70 years ago, the quest to convert the gospel into Spanish began. 20 countries currently declare Spanish as their national language, and for the most part, all of them are now able to read and comprehend the Bible with cultural ease.

Tagalog Bible Tagalog is a language you may or may not have heard of. It is mainly spoken in the Philippines and currently has about 57 million speakers, however. That’s a substantial amount of people who need the gospel, and fortunately, they can now access it in Tagalog translations.

Tamil Bible Technology is an amazing thing; it can go many places that we cannot. So even if God does not call us to go to other countries, like India and Sri Lanka, He can still use us in a variety of ways, technology being among them. Send a Tamil audio Bible today and your actions could potentially lead someone to Christ.

Telugu Bible Not surprisingly, not a lot of attention is given to the Telugu language. This is tragic, as many of its speakers do not have easy access to the Word of God in their own mother tongue language. We seek to show these people that we have not forgotten them and neither has God, through the Telugu Bible you can listen using the of Telugu audio Bible.


Eating Disorder Awareness: Anorexia Nervosa

It’s no secret that eating disorders are a real and pressing problem for today’s teenagers.  According to the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders (ANAD), there are more than 24 million Americans with eating disorders and only 1 out of every 10 of those people will receive any treatment.  ANAD indicates that more than 80% of eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa, begin in adolescence.   Anorexia is the third most common chronic illness amongst adolescents and it carries a mortality rate twelve times that of any other cause of death for females between 15 and 35.

When you consider the life-long consequences and life threatening danger faced by people with anorexia nervosa, it is clear to see that early detection is critical.  Whether you are a parent, a teacher, a coach, a best friend, or a boyfriend, it is more important than ever for everyone to know how to recognize the signs and symptoms of anorexia.  Understanding what to look for and knowing what to do could help save the life of someone you love.

What Anorexia Nervosa Looks Like

Everyone has seen pictures of people with the tell-tale emaciation that can be caused by anorexia nervosa.  But there are many other signs that someone in your life has this eating disorder that are less overt.

  • Food consumption and weight management become an obsession.  This is not your teenage daughter complaining that she looks fat today.  This is an all encompassing obsession with how much food they eat and how many calories and fat grams each bite of food they take contains that can take over their life.
  • Food consumption decreases to starvation levels.  People with anorexia nervosa may stop eating around other people, start making plans that result in them missing regular mealtimes, and use extreme portion control to limit their caloric intake.
  • Irregular growth and loss of hair.  While it may seem strange to have both excess growth and abnormal loss, both can be seen in someone with anorexia nervosa.  Lack of nutrition can cause hair to become brittle and fall out while lack of body fat can signal the body to grow more hair in an attempt to regulate body hair.  This abnormal growth appears as a fine layer of hair on the face and body.
  • Overuse and abuse of laxatives, diuretics, and diet pills.
  • Consistently low body weight paired with a refusal to maintain a normal weight.  This is an important distinction as some people who do not have an eating disorder may be perpetually below their ideal body weight.  But someone who has a body weight more than 15% below their ideal weight who also refuses to gain enough to maintain a normal weight may be anorexic.

The Real Dangers of Being Anorexic

Anorexia nervosa takes an immediate toll on the body that results in abnormal weight loss and nutritional deficiencies.  But it also causes other problems that can take longer to be seen and may have life-long impacts.  It creates a type of mental fog that makes it difficult to concentrate and regulate mood fluctuations.  It causes irregularities in the cardiovascular system including slow, uneven pulse rates, low blood pressure, shortness of breath, and dizziness.  It also impacts the musculoskeletal system and can lead to stunted growth rates, an increase in bone fractures, and osteoporosis.  It can result in abnormalities in thyroid function that cause fatigue, hair loss, and low body temperature.  It can lead to dependence on laxatives or other pharmaceuticals that result in life-threatening conditions like electrolyte imbalances and dehydration.  Overall lack of specific nutrients like potassium can also be immediately life threatening.

How You Can Help

The best way to help someone with an eating disorder is to be there for them and provide the support they need to regain their health throughout the various stages of recovery.  That starts with speaking up when you have concerns and following through until you are no longer concerned or the person in your life gets the help they need.  We at Doorways have trained counselors to treat teens and adolescents struggling with eating disorders such as Anorexia.

It is a common misconception that it takes years to die from anorexia nervosa.  If you are concerned about someone in your life, don’t wait; they may have less time than you think.

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Price-to-Rent Ratio

What is 'Price-to-Rent Ratio'

The price-to-rent ratio is a well-established economic principle used for real estate valuation. It is typically calculated as the ratio of home prices to annualized rent in a given location. At its most basic level, the price-to-rent ratio is a benchmark for understanding whether is it better to rent or buy a property.

BREAKING DOWN 'Price-to-Rent Ratio'

The price-to-rent ratio can also be used to understand broader macroeconomic trends. For example, the ratio increased dramatically leading up to the 2008-2009 housing market crash. In retrospect, this was a red flag of a housing bubble. While the ratio compares the economics of buying versus renting, it does not provide information about the overall affordability of a market or individual property. For example, Manhattan (where homes are very expensive) could have the same price-to-rent ratio as a small town where homes are relatively cheap.

Price-to-Rent Ratio in Practice

The online residential real estate website Trulia produces a proprietary version of the price-to-rent ratio called the "Trulia Rent Vs. Buy Index" that compares the totals costs of homeownership with the total cost of renting a similar property. The total cost of homeownership considered by the ratio factors in mortgage principal and interest, property taxes, insurance, closing costs, HOA dues where appropriate, mortgage insurance where appropriate, tax advantages for owning — such as the mortgage interest deduction. The total costs of renting factors in actual rent and renter's insurance.

The price-to-rent ratio provides a comparison between owning and renting properties in certain cities. The ratio uses the average list price with average yearly rent on two-bedroom apartments, condos and townhomes that are listed on, a real estate search website. The price-to-rent ratio is calculated by dividing the average list price by the average yearly rent price, as follows: Average list price / (Average Rent * 12). Trulia establishes thresholds for the ratios as follows: a price-to-rent ratio of 1 to 15 indicates it is much better to buy than rent; a price-to-rent ratio of 16 to 20 indicates it is typically better to rent than buy; and a price-to-rent ratio of 21 or more indicates it is much better to rent than buy.

Price-to-Rent Ratio City Rankings

U.S. Census data shows there are 33 cities in the U.S. with price-to-rent ratios above the 21 threshold. The top 10 cities in terms of price-to-rent ratios are San Francisco, Honolulu, Oakland, Los Angeles, New York City, Seattle, San Jose, Long Beach, Washington, D.C. and Anaheim. The average price-to-rent ratio of these 10 cities is 36.6, suggesting that renting is a more economically rational decision.


Harbour Village

Sint Maarten

Zebec Development, N.V.

Harbour Village is the preeminent destination leisure and entertainment complex in Sint Maarten and all the Caribbean. The complex thematically merges the characteristics and cultures of the island’s current national influences - the Dutch and the French - through architecture, music, entertainment, and cuisine. Guests will get to experience the best of both worlds as they explore all Harbour Village has to offer.


Rooftop Ride - Division

Rooftop Ride - Division Math Game

Content Skill: Division
Common Core State Standards: CCSS.Math.Content.3.OA.C.7 - Fluently divide within 100, using strategies such as the relationship between multiplication and division or properties of operations.  By the end of Grade 3, know from memory all products of two one-digit numbers.

Have fun practicing the division facts while zipping along the rooftops on your skateboard.  Gather coins while you avoid obstacles.  Be careful of the rooftop chimneys, air conditioners, and patches of oil.  Click on the mouse to make the skate boarder jump from building to building.  As the game progresses, the levels increase in speed and difficulty.  As you gather coins, you will come across some magic ones that cause a division problem to pop up and the skate boarder will freeze.  To continue, select the correct answer.  (Division equations are presented using our learning probability engine.)  This game makes practicing the division facts fun and exciting.  Kids WANT to practice division with super cool games like Rooftop Ride.

Skateboard your way to division mastery!

Rooftop Ride Division - Opening screen and directions for the gameThe opening screen reminds players to JUMP by pressing the left mouse button.  To jump higher, hold the left button down longer.  The object is to collect as many coins as you can while answering division facts.  To being the action, click anywhere on the opening screen.
Rooftop Ride Division - Get ready to roll!The skateboarder skates from left to right.  The number of feet he has traveled is shown in the upper left corner of the screen.  Below it are the number of coins collected.
Rooftop Ride Division - Grab a magic coin to practice the times tablesSome of the coins are magic and won't let you travel farther until you have correctly answered a division fact.  Click on the correct answer to continue.
Rooftop Ride Division - Watch out for the obstaclesYou will run into more hazards as you venture further into the city.  To jump over them, hold down on the mouse button longer to jump higher.
Rooftop Ride Division - Total score screenWhen you miss jumping to the next building, the game ends.  The screen displays the distance you traveled, the number of coins you collected, and your Total Score.  To play again, click on "One More Try."  Good luck.


the night of

HBO’s The Night Of represents screenwriter Steven Zaillian‘s return to the director’s chair. Zaillian hasn’t shot a feature film since All the King’s Men, and although that 2006 remake is a notable misfire, his directional debut, Searching for Bobby Fischer, is reason enough to want to see him direct again. The Academy Award-winning screenwriter responsible for Schindler’s List and American Gangster is, thankfully, back at it, having helmed eight out of the nine episodes of HBO’s upcoming miniseries.

The Night Of, which stars John Turturro and Riz Ahmed (Rogue One: A Star Wars Story), premieres this summer. Watch The Night Of teaser trailer below.

Originally a passionate project of the late James Gandolofini‘s, HBO greenlit the miniseries back in 2013. The actor was set to star as a New York attorney who gets caught up in a mystery when he takes on a new client named Naz (Riz Ahmed), a murder suspect. After Gandolfini’s tragic passing, Robert De Niro briefly stepped in to play the lead role, but then a scheduling issues arose. In the end, the role of Jack Stone went to John Turturro. The actor stars alongside Bill Camp (Midnight Special), Michael Kenneth Williams (The Wire), Max Casella (Inside Llewyn Davis), and more in the project, which Gandolfini received an executive-producer credit on.

Here’s the The Night Of teaser trailer released by HBO:

That is a very effective teaser trailer. Transitioning from Naz and the girl at the beach to the dead body is a chilling cut, and the teaser manages to maintain that sense of dread and mystery, leaving you, hopefully, curious about what exactly happened and what The Night Of is really about. This teaser should do a fine job raising some of HBO’s subscribers’ interest.

Zaillian collaborated with novelist and screenwriter, Richard Price, on The Night Of. Price is the writer behind Clockers and The Color of Money, and he also worked on the scripts for Shaft and Ransom. Price and Zaillian wrote the miniseries together, based on Criminal Justice, a BBC series that ran in 2008-2009.

The Night Of premieres this Friday at the ongoing Tribeca Film Festival. Zaillian, Price, Ahmed, and Turturro will be in attendance and take part in a Q & A hosted by film critic and author, Matt Zoller Seitz. If you have the time and you’re in Tribeca, considering the talent involved, it should be an event worth checking out.

Here’s Tribeca’s description of the miniseries:

The Night Of delves into the intricacies of a complex New York City murder case with cultural and political overtones. The story examines the police investigation, the legal proceedings, the criminal justice system and the feral purgatory of Rikers Island, where the accused await trial for felony crimes.

The Night Of premieres on HBO this July.

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Various Basic Chemistry Problems - Mole, Mass and other Calculations

1) When a mole of C2H4 is combusted it reacts with 3 moles of O2 to produce CO2 and H2O. How many moles of CO2 and how many moles of H2O are produced?

2) What is the mass in grams of 4.25 moles of Mg (NO3)2?

3) The overall reaction producing iron from an ore in a blast furnace is:

Fe2O3 + 3CO --> 2Fe + 3CO2

How many grams of Fe are produced when 275g of Fe2O3 react?

4) Using the bond energy table on page 190 of the text, determine the value of DH for the following reaction:

2F-F + O=O --> 2F-O-F

5) Giving reasons for your answers characterize the following compounds as saturated, or unsaturated, or incapable of existence.

A. CH2 B. C10H22 C. C2H2 D. C2H8 E. C 3H6

6) Determine the empirical formula of the compound that is 87.42% N and 12.58% H by weight.

7) What monomer can be used in an addition polymerization to produce the Polymer Teflon that has a repeating structure as follows:

8) What is the molality of 225g of C6H12O6 in 505 g of H2O?

9) What is the freezing temperature of the solution in question 8?

10) How many joules of energy are needed to raise the temperature of 325.0g of water from 20.0oC to 95.0oC. The specific heat of water is 4.184J/g-oC.

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Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder. At a cognitive level, this population display poor visuo-spatial cognition when compared to verbal ability. Within the visuo-spatial domain, it is now accepted that individuals with WS are able to perceive both local and global aspects of an image, albeit at a low level. The present study examines the(More)
Individuals with Williams syndrome typically show relatively poor visuospatial abilities in comparison to stronger verbal skills. However, individuals' level of performance is not consistent across all visuospatial tasks. The studies assessing visuospatial functioning in Williams syndrome are critically reviewed, to provide a clear pattern of the relative(More)
Typically developing young children and individuals with intellectual disabilities often perform poorly on mental rotation tasks when the stimulus they are rotating lacks a salient component. However, performance can be improved when salience is increased. The present study investigated the effect of salience on mental rotation performance by individuals(More)
Recent findings suggest that difficulties on small-scale visuospatial tasks documented in Williams syndrome (WS) also extend to large-scale space. In particular, individuals with WS often present with difficulties in allocentric spatial coding (encoding relationships between items within an environment or array). This study examined the effect of atypical(More)
The visuo-spatial abilities of individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) have consistently been shown to be generally weak. These poor visuo-spatial abilities have been ascribed to a local processing bias by some [R. Rossen, E.S. Klima, U. Bellugi, A. Bihrle, W. Jones, Interaction between language and cognition: evidence from Williams syndrome, in: J.(More)
Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder which, among other characteristics, has a distinctive cognitive profile. Nonverbal abilities are generally poor in relation to verbal abilities, but also show varying levels of ability in relation to each other. Performance on block construction tasks represents arguably the weakest nonverbal ability in WS.(More)
The comparison of cognitive and linguistic skills in individuals with developmental disorders is fraught with methodological and psychometric difficulties. In this paper, we illustrate some of these issues by comparing the receptive vocabulary knowledge and non-verbal reasoning abilities of 41 children with Williams syndrome, a genetic disorder in which(More)
Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) display poor visuo-spatial cognition relative to verbal abilities. Furthermore, whilst perceptual abilities are delayed, visuo-spatial construction abilities are comparatively even weaker, and are characterised by a local bias. We investigated whether this differentiation in visuo-spatial abilities can be explained by(More)
The ability to learn a route through a virtual environment was assessed in 19 older children and adults with Williams syndrome (WS) and 40 typically developing (TD) children aged 6-9 years. In addition to comparing route-learning ability across groups, we were interested in whether participants show an adult-like differentiation between "useful" and "less(More)
The aim of this study was to assess wayfinding abilities in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). The ability to learn routes though a virtual environment (VE) and to make a novel shortcut between two locations was assessed in individuals with DS (N=10) and control participants individually matched on mental age (MA) or chronological age (CA). The results(More)


Where to donate to Hurricane Maria and Mexico Earthquake victims

Marginal risk of severe thunderstorms today, generally north of Interstate-80

The National Storm Prediction Center has the portion of the Chicago area generally north of Interstate-80 in a Marginal Risk of severe thunderstorms today and tonight (dark-green-shaded area on the highlighted map depicting a 5% chance of severe storms within 25 miles of a given location). The main risk will be damaging winds – isolated large hail is possible. A weak frontal boundary along the Illinois-Wisconsin border combined with anticipated on-shore easterly winds developing could combine to trigger a few strong thunderstorms over our area, mainly north of Interstate-80 this afternoon/early evening. Note the center of severe storm activity is to our west and northwest with a Slight to Moderate Risk of severe storms over portions of Minnesota, the eastern Dakotas, eastern Nebraska and western Iowa.

Tomorrow, Wednesday, a setup conducive to more widespread strong to severe thunderstorm development during the afternoon into the overnight hours will exist here. As a result almost the entire Chicago area has been outlooked for a Slight Risk of severe storms (see yellow-shaded area on the Wednesday/Wednesday night severe weather outlook map below depicting a 15% chance of severe storms within 25 miles of a given location.

Severe weather outlook for Wednesday/Wednesday night…


Logistics Technology

Enhancing Efficiency and Reliability in Modern Supply Chains

logistics-technologyTechnology infrastructure is just as important as transportation and distribution infrastructure for moving and managing inventory. Georgia is home to more than 75 supply chain and logistics related technology companies’ headquarters or major operations.

The Center understands how vital technology is for planning, operating, and improving supply chain efficiency and reliability.  The Center staff engages with a variety of logistics technology experts to assist companies with determining where to invest and deploy technology to enhance their logistics and improve their competitiveness in the national and global marketplace.

  • Provides education opportunities through the annual Georgia Logistics Summit and partnerships with relevant groups to increase the awareness and understanding of technology trends impacting the industry
  • Hosts workshops for learning best practices and available technology solutions for a deeper dive within a specific area of focus
  • Assists cargo-owning businesses with learning about and deploying the technology solutions best-suited for their operations


Avocado Chocolate Vanilla Cake and a Recycling Adventure

This avocado and chocolate vegan cake is more than just a sugar free delicious dessert. It is beauty on the plate and sustainability through its ingredients leftovers. Learn to make  instead of consuming stuff is my new way of self nourishment that respect my ethics and inspires me the art slow living.
When I met Isabella ( http://www.twome.co.uk) I was running a pips challenge. (Planting the fruit stones instead of throwing them away). We have been so lucky to instantly feel close, and we developed together this idea "self sustained" cake and styling. We wanted to inspire to use all part of the ingredients, make instead of consume, self sustain even the styling. I made an avocado based frosting, and Isabella dyed some props fabrics with the stones.
For me it felt a return to my origins. In my grandparents farm life was a cycle. Everything had its place from the begin to its end, and it was perfect balance to me. We didn't even own a landfill bin. I am serious. Life felt much lighter that way.

Avocado stones make a deep pink colour, delightfully elegant. You can dye practically any natural fibre ( I don't recommend pure linen for the first trial). You can decide to have a flat colour, a ombré colour like our macramè, or a messy look dyeing the cloth closed in a knot perhaps. It is possible to also use the avo skin, and to be kept for that purpose it can be froze.

For me the encompassing pleasure of a good meal (and dessert) goes behind being vegan. I want to work with real ingredient, first of all. And my appreciation for food and a responsible sourcing are inextricable. However respect for the land, doesn't end with organic farming and plant based cooking. We should start to admit that sustainability only starts with sourcing. And that if might end in a less noble landfill is a half way practice. Nevertheless one could count on the already audacious and compassionate consciousness that accompanies the act of vegan eating itself. But the road goes forth. From the plastic food wraps (SUPs: single use plastics) to the food waste itself we are responsible of our acts as they are still upon Mother Earth and other species. I feel a personal urge of being vegan further from not eating or wearing animals. I believe that we can make ourselves responsible of killing as much if we don't care of filling our seas and land with pollution. And in my attempting to create a sustainable family I found to love most being able to use all part of my ingredients, make from what otherwise would be wasted. Create instead of consume for me is a new way of self nourishment that respect the ethics of the era of compassion we all strive to create. That is why an avocado cake recipe that also create the opportunity to create something beautiful with leftovers.

When I made this chocolate and vanilla cake I was looking for a vegan cake that could be soft and moist but firm enough to hold in this geometrical appearance when cut. Vegan chocolate cakes often can be very dry or use a lot of oil to have moisture. I find it to be a challenge to achieve the texture, I am not afraid to admit it, but I am also happy to have succeeded here!

Cooking time 35 min circa
Preparation easy, adequate to beginners
serves 8 - 12 people

ingredients for the vanilla cakes ( makes 2)

1 + 1/2 cup of white spelt flour (or half white and half wholemeal)
1 cup raw unrefined rapadura sugar
2 tsp (10 ml) organic baking powder
1 tsp vanilla essence
1 tsp apple vinegar
pinch of unrefined salt (let's appreciate our local salts! But if you live on Himalayas plz feel free to go pink )
1/4 cup extra virgin olive oil or rapeseed oil
1 cup of spring water

Ingredients for the chocolate cakes ( makes 2)

1 + 1/3 cup of white spelt flour (or half white and half wholemeal)
1 cup raw unrefined rapadura sugar
1/2 cup pure cacao powder (or pure carob if sensitive to cacao)
2 tsp (10 ml) organic baking powder
1 tsp vanilla essence
1 tsp apple vinegar
pinch of unrefined salt
1/4 cup extra virgin olive oil or rapeseed oil
1 cup of spring water

Pre-heat the oven at 180 C and grease 4 tins of 16 cm diameter circa.
If you have a oven with ventilation (fan) you can cook all 4 cakes in one go otherwise cook them only two by two.
In two separate bowl mix well the dry ingredients for each of the two cakes. Make 3 "holes" in each of the dry mixtures. In one hole pour the oil, in the other 2 pour the vanilla essence and the vinegar, repeat for the other cake. Cover with filtered or spring water and gently incorporate all ingredients together, repeat with the second mixture. The more gently you fold the wet ingredients with the dry, the less rounded the top of your cakes will come. It is matter of folding more than stirring infact. However this specific recipe tends to make cakes with rounded top so we will eaven them with a sharp knife before decorating.
When the batters are ready pour each in two of the greased tins and cook at 180 C for 35 min or until the stick comes out clean.
When cooked let cool down for 10 min, then remove from tins and leave on a rack. Let them cool completely before starting to assemble the layered cake.

Frosting ingredients

4 medium avocado, ripe and soft
1/2 cup of raw cocoa ( or pure carob if sensitive to chocolate)
1/3 cup raw unrefined coconut sugar\rapadura\xylitol
1/4 tsp vanilla essence
pinch of unrefined salt
-Blend all together and refrigerate

Ingredients for the filling

170 gr good quality vegan cream cheese (or see my previous post to make your own)
pinch or drop of vanilla powder or essence
1 tbsp xylitol
4/5 blackberries juice
-Mix all ingredients without blending in a food processor, especially if using a ready made vegan cream cheese.

When the cakes are perfectly cold and the frosting and filling are quite solid to hold onto the cake, you can start to assemble.
If the cake are rounded cut off the top with a sharp bread knife,  taking care to keep them straight and similar in height.
Start with the chocolate cake, spread a measured amount of filling in the centre up to 1.5 com from edges. So you can pipe all around the filling some chocolate frosting.
Place on top one of the vanilla cakes and repeat, then again a chocolate cake and repeat. The last cake will be the vanilla, place it upside down and poke a long stick in the middle to hold the layered cake while you work with it. If necessary put back in the fridge for some moments.
Scoop a generous amount of frosting on top of the cake and with a spatula work it all around the top and down the sides of it, scraping away the excess very gently. You want to fill up any space leaving some of the cake edges still visible.
When finished put into the fridge.
Melt on a low flame a sugar free vegan chocolate bar adding a couple of Tbsp of plant based milk and 1 Tbsp of coconut oil. Leave to cool until viscous, then make a dripping sauce  scooping it on top of your cake, leaving one side without any dripping chocolate at all.
Decorate as please. Devour. You are very welcome!

I really hope this cake will inspire you beauty and sustainable life. Sustainable can be curated, aesthetically delightful and even fashionable. Monk sandals are not in my plans I ensure you! And as I always like to mention, a Japanese adagio says: is beautiful what is right ( and delicious I would add!!)

For the dyeing process have a look at Isabella blog, (http://www.twome.co.uk/single-post/2016/10/31/anatural-dyeing-a-vegan-cake-from-avocados) also she recommends Rebecca Desnos e-book. However the main steps are summarise below here.

-Clean your fabric with water and natural soap leaving it damp, and you can pretreat in soya milk mordant to help the absorption of the botanical colours.
-In a big aluminium pot bring to boil 3 to 5 whole stones and simmer them in enough water to cover the fabric you like to dye. Simmer for 1 + 1/2 hour or until the water turns from pink to a nice maroon. The more the pips the darken the colour will be!
-When ready strain the water with a cheese-cloth so the liquid is nice and clean. Let it cool to tepid.
-Then simply bath the fabric or yarn in the coloured water until it reaches the desired shade, it can vary from an hour to overnight. The longer the bathing, the more vibrant the colour will be.
-Rinse the fabric in warm water and hang to dry.

Enjoy! love, compassion and plenty foolishness.
Silvia B.


FAQ #1: How do I create a Certificate of Completion?

A link to a Certificate is available at the top of the Conclusion Page once you finish the website.

If you’ve already finished the work and logged off, you’ll be taken directly to the Conclusion Page by logging back in.

Every time you click on the link to the Certificate, an extra copy is sent to your email as well.  That ensures that you can print that email even if you have trouble printing the Certificate.  Courts will accept either one.

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FAQ #2: What happened to ProudToParents.org (for never-married parents) and WhileWeHeal.org (for spouses open to possible reconciliation)?

Both those websites are now part of UpToParents.org.  If you were ordered or referred to complete one of those websites, simply use UpToParents.org.  As you’re opening your new account, you’ll be asked to describe whether you‘re (a) a divorcing or divorced parent, (b) a parent never-married to your co-parent, or (c) a spouse open to the possibility of a happy reconciliation.

Whichever one of these three versions of UpToParents.org you choose, your Certificate of Completion will show that you’ve complied with the order to complete the work.

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FAQ #3: How do I schedule my live class—and when and where are those classes held?

We’d like to help, but we’re not involved with scheduling or teaching live classes.  Please check the notice or order that sent you to UpToParents.org—that should include the information you’re seeking.  If not, you can check with the Clerk’s office where your case is pending or, if you’re using one, with your attorney.

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FAQ #4:  What if there has been violence or abuse in our family?

One of the advantages of UpToParents.org is that it doesn’t try to treat all families as the same.  On our website, parents get to choose the path forward that works in their circumstances.

Domestic violence and abuse require careful attention.  We suggest parents and others in these circumstances start by considering A Note to Families with a History of Domestic Abuse.

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FAQ #5:  How do my co-parent and I merge our chosen Commitments into a set of Agreed Commitments (the ones we both chose)?

Simply use the “Merge” button on your Conclusion Page once you’re finished.  The easy-to-follow directions will guide you through this.

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FAQ #6: Why is this free?  Is there a catch?

We built UpToParents.org through our family charity simply because we believed families in crisis and transition deserved to know of this better, child-focused way forward.

There is no catch, we charge nothing, and we share your personal information with no one.

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How to get the most out of a visit to your chiropractorPosted On: 10.12.2016

Often, along with the chiropractic adjustments and therapies that are part of treatment in a chiropractic office, we make suggestions on specific stretches, strengthening exercises, or ways to change the way you interact with your environment.

Sometimes the hardest part is remembering to actually follow the advice in the first place!

There are numerous interesting articles available on the subject of changing or instituting new habits. I did an internet search on the steps to change a habit and came up with a page full of links.

One system which had the merit of simplicity, includes a 3 step process.

The 3 R’s of habit change.

Reminder (the trigger that initiates the behavior)
Routine (the behavior itself: in our case the exercise or stretch)
Reward (the benefit you gain from doing the behavior.)

Lets say for example you visit your chiropractor for neck pain. She suggests a short series of neck stretches and advises that you do them daily for 4-6 weeks.

How might you integrate this into your already busy life?

First, get clear on the time frame. It can feel overwhelming if you think you must begin something and continue it forever. What is the next holiday that comes close to the time frame suggested? Halloween? Christmas? Valentines day? Can you commit to the exercise or stretch until then? A holiday is an easy way to remember the length of your commitment.

Next set up a reminder for the activity. Many neck stretches can be done in the shower. When and wherever you decide to do them, it works well if it is linked to another activity that you already do. In our example, a note on the mirror in the bathroom with a reminder to do the neck stretches while showering might be helpful.

Than jump in. In quilting we say “done is better than perfect”! There is a certain momentum that goes along with just having begun. Don’t worry about doing it perfectly. Notice how it feels and whether you feel better. Than you will be able to make helpful modifications or discuss concerns while still keeping up your momentum. You can review the exercises and ask any questions you might have on your next appointment.

Lastly, celebrate your success each time you do the behavior. Just a little positive reinforcement can helps to keep up the habit throughout the time frame you are working with.

Here is a link to the short article I read on this topic.