కోల్‌కాతా
కొల్ కత మహా నగర వైశాల్యం 1,886.67 చదరపు కిలోమీటర్లు. 2011లో గణాంకాలను అనుసరించి కొల్ కత మునిసిపల్ కార్పొరేషన్ తో కలిసి మూడు మునిసిపల్ కార్పొరేషన్ లు, 39 ప్రాంతీయ మునిసిపాలిటీలు, 24 పంచాయితీ సమితులు ఉన్నాయి. కొలో కత నగరం 185 చదరపు కిలోమీటర్ల ప్రాంతం కోల్ కత మునిసిపల్ న్యాయవ్వవస్థ ఆథీనంలో ఉంది. ఈ నగరం హుగ్లీ నదికి తూర్పు పడమరగా నగస్తరించి ఉంది. అలాగా ఉత్తర దక్షిణాలుగా కొల్ కత మూడు భాగాలుగా విస్తరించబడి ఉంది. ఉత్తర కొల్ కత, మధ్య కొల్ కత, దక్షిణ కొల్ కతగా విభజింపబడి ఉంది.
కోల్‌కతా మెట్రో రైల్వే
Of these, the highest priority was given to the busy north-south axis between Dum Dum and Tollygunge over a length of 16.45 km, and the work on this project was sanctioned on 1 June 1972. The foundation stone of the project was laid by Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India, on 29 December 1972 and the construction work started in 1973-74. In those early days of Kolkata Metro, the planning, thought processing, and political facilitation of the whole project was borne almost single-handedly by the then Union Railway Minister from West Bengal - A. B. A. Ghani Khan Choudhury - often against (and to the chagrin of) the prevailing socio-political stance of his contemporaries in the West Bengal government. From the start of construction, the project had to contend with several problems including insufficient funds (until 1977-78), a shifting of underground utilities, court injunctions, and an irregular supply of vital materials. Despite the difficulties faced, services began on October 24, 1984, with the commissioning of a partial commercial service covering a distance of 3.40 km with five stations served in between Esplanade and Bhowanipur. The first metro was driven by Tapan Kumar Nath and Sanjoy Sil. The service was quickly followed by commuter services on another 2.15 km stretch in the north between Dum Dum and Belgachhia on November 12, 1984. The commuter service was extended up to Tollygunge on April 29, 1986 covering a further distance of 4.24 km making the service available over a distance of 9.79 km and covering 11 stations. However, the services on the north section were suspended with effect from October 26, 1992, as this isolated small section was little used. After a gap of more than eight years, the 1.62 km Belgachhia-Shyambazaar section, along with the Dum Dum-Belgachhia stretch, was opened on August 13, 1994. Another 0.71 km stretch from Esplanade to Chandni Chowk was commissioned shortly afterwards, on October 2, 1994. The Shyambazaar-Shobhabazar-Girish Park (1.93 km) and Chandni Chowk-Central (0.60 km) sections were opened on February 19, 1995. Services on the entire stretch of the Metro were introduced from September 27, 1995 by bridging the vital gap of 1.80 km in the middle.
In the final stage, the extension of Line 1 to an elevated corridor from Tollygunge to New Garia was constructed and opened in two phases, Mahanayak Uttam Kumar to Kavi Nazrul in 2009 and Kavi Nazrul to Kavi Subhash in 2010. The latest extension constructed was the 2.59 km elevated corridor from Dum Dum to Noapara on 10 July 2013.