By the fourth century B.C.E., Edom’s territory was inhabited by the Nabataeans, and the Edomites had to take up residence in the southern part of Judea, the area of the Negeb that later came to be known as Idumea.
Neljandaks sajandiks e.m.a olid Edomi territooriumi asustanud nabatealased ning edomlased olid sunnitud asuma elama Juudamaa lõunaossa Negebisse, mis sai hiljem tuntuks kui Idumea.