The new covenant replaced the Mosaic Law covenant, in which God had promised the Israelites that if they strictly obeyed him, they would become his people.
Uus leping vahetas välja Moosese kaudu sõlmitud seaduselepingu, milles Jumal oli iisraellastele tõotanud, et kui nad talle kuuletuvad, on nad tema rahvas.