It was not until the 1990s and beyond that the astronomical observations would be able to eliminate competing theories and drive the science to the "Golden Age of Cosmology" which was heralded by David Schramm at a National Academy of Sciences colloquium in 1992.
Astronomické pozorovania, schopné vylúčiť niektoré teórie prišli až v 90tych rokoch a neskôr a posunuli vedu do "zlatého veku kozmológie", ohláseného Davidom Schrammom na zhromaždení Národnej akadémie vied v 1992.